reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 13a-100 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-100 - Expense of bridges between towns.

 Necessary bridges between towns, except when otherwise specially provided by law, shall be built and kept in repair by such towns, and the expense thereof shall be apportioned between them according to the total revenue received yearly from direct taxation in each of such towns, as averaged for the three fiscal years next preceding.(1949 Rev., S. 2119; 1958 Rev., S. 13-4; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 100.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.What constitutes a bridge. 26 C. 583; 44 C. 25; 64 C. 568.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-100a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-100a - Maintenance of pedestrian walkways on bridges.

 The person required to maintain any bridge constructed over any section of the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways located within this state, which bridge (1) is constructed or undergoes major reconstruction, as determined by the Commissioner of Transportation, on or after October 1, 2000, and (2) has a defined pedestrian walkway, shall install and maintain fencing along such walkway to prevent pedestrians from throwing objects from such walkway onto the highway below. The bridge located between the Legislative Office Building and the State Capitol Building shall not be subject to the provisions of this section.(P.A. 00-184, S. 1.)
CT Gen Stat § 13a-101 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-101 - Bridges over artificial watercourses.

 Any bridge or passageway over any artificial watercourse on a highway which it is not the duty of the commissioner to maintain shall be constructed and maintained by the person owning or controlling such watercourse and shall be of such width and carrying capacity as are approved by the board of selectmen of the town, provided, if at any time the board of selectmen finds that any such existing bridge or passageway has become insufficient to permit the traveling public to use it with safety, the board of selectmen shall cause such bridge or passageway to be reconstructed so as to make it sufficient or shall cause a new sufficient bridge or passageway to be constructed. The town and the person owning or controlling the watercourse shall each pay an equitable portion of the cost of reconstructing such existing bridge or passageway or of constructing a new sufficient bridge or passageway, which equitable apportionment shall be based upon the respective needs of the town and the person for such change in such bridge or passageway, and the board of selectmen may enter into an agreement with such person determining the portion to be paid by each, provided, if the board of selectmen and such person cannot agree upon an equitable apportionment of such cost, either may apply to the superior court in the judicial district within which such bridge or passageway is situated, or, if said court is not in session, to any judge thereof, for a determination of the portion of the cost to be borne by each, and said court or such judge, after causing notice of the pendency of such application to be given to the other party, shall appoint a state referee to make such determination. Such referee, having given at least ten days' notice to the parties interested of the time and place of the hearing, shall hear both parties, shall view the bridge or passageway and take such testimony as such referee deems material, and shall thereupon determine the portion of the cost to be borne by each and immediately report to the court. If the report is accepted by the court, such determination shall, subject to right of appeal as in civil actions, be conclusive upon both parties.(1949 Rev., S. 2200; 1951, S. 1192d; 1957, P.A. 211, S. 1; 1958 Rev., S. 13-9; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 101; P.A. 78-280, S. 2, 127; P.A. 03-115, S. 31.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 78-280 substituted “judicial district” for “county”; P.A. 03-115 made technical changes.See Sec. 13a-90 re bridges over artificial watercourses which Transportation Commissioner is responsible for maintaining.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-102 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-102 - Court may direct construction or repair of bridge.

 When any town neglects to construct or repair a bridge across a river in a highway in such town, or when it is necessary to construct or repair any such bridge between towns or judicial districts and the towns liable therefor neglect, or do not agree, to construct or repair it, the superior court of the judicial district in which either town is situated, on complaint of any person, and legal notice given to the town liable for such construction or repairs, shall inquire by itself or committee into the public necessity and convenience thereof; and, if no sufficient reason is shown to the contrary, and such town or towns do not undertake to construct or repair such bridge within such time as the court directs, it may appoint some suitable person to do the same; and the expense thereof, being allowed by said court, shall be paid by such town or towns. Said court or such committee may estimate the damages, if any, sustained by any person or corporation by the construction of such bridge, due notice having been given to such person or corporation to appear and be heard, and, upon return of the report of any such committee into court, the same proceedings may be had in regard to such report and damages as are provided in sections 13a-52 to 13a-72, inclusive, for persons interested in laying out or altering a highway, in regard to remonstrance and reassessment of damages.(1949 Rev., S. 2123; 1958 Rev., S. 13-7; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 102; P.A. 78-280, S. 2, 4, 127.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 78-280 substituted “judicial district(s)” for “county(ies)”.State's attorney cannot complain. 9 C. 32.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-104 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-104 - Proceeding against borough for failure to maintain highway.

 Whenever any borough has assumed the care of the highways and sidewalks within its limits and the authorities of such borough fail to keep such highways and sidewalks in good and sufficient repair, the same proceedings may be had against such borough and the authorities thereof, to secure the repair of such highways and sidewalks, as are provided for in section 13a-103.(1949 Rev., S. 2128; 1958 Rev., S. 13-12 (b); 1963, P.A. 226, S. 104.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-105 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-105 - Contracts for highway construction.

 When any town has determined to construct or reconstruct any highway, section of highway or bridge, which construction or reconstruction is to be paid for from funds allotted to such town under the provisions of sections 13a-175a to 13a-175f, inclusive, and the commissioner has entered into an agreement with the selectmen of such town, as provided by sections 13a-175e and 13a-175f, said commissioner shall call for bids and award a contract for such construction or reconstruction in the manner provided by section 13a-95, except that, if, in the opinion of said commissioner, it is to the best interest of the state and such town, the commissioner may award to such town a contract for such construction or reconstruction upon such terms and conditions as the commissioner determines, provided the estimated unit prices under any contract so awarded shall not be in excess of ten per cent more than the average unit prices prevailing during the preceding twelve months for similar work in the state and provided such town shall have authorized the selectmen to enter into such contract in the name and on behalf of such town. Nothing in this section shall be construed to eliminate the use of force account work for the repair of town aid highways. The commissioner may, subject to the approval of the selectmen or legislative body of such town, enter into an agreement with a third party for additional construction or reconstruction works when requested to do so by such third party, provided such third party shall, immediately upon certification by the commissioner, pay to the State Treasurer the full cost to the state of such additional construction or reconstruction works. If under such agreement such additional construction or reconstruction works are carried out by such third party, they shall conform with all requirements and regulations of such town and such as may be prescribed by the commissioner.(1949 Rev., S. 2178; 1958 Rev., S. 13-65; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 105; 1967, P.A. 701, S. 11; 1971, P.A. 582, S. 1; P.A. 02-89, S. 16.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act corrected obsolete statutory references; 1971 act added provisions re agreements between commissioner and third party for additional construction or reconstruction work; P.A. 02-89 replaced reference to Sec. 13a-175h with reference to Sec. 13a-175f, reflecting the repeal of Sec. 13a-175h by the same public act, and made technical changes for purposes of gender neutrality.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-106 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-106 - Competitive bids not required when material available at price acceptable to commissioner.

 When any town highway is maintained, improved, constructed or reconstructed on a force account basis by expenditure of funds allocated under sections 13a-175a to 13a-175f, inclusive, the furnishing of gravel, sand or wood posts by competitive bids under section 4a-57 shall not be required when suitable material, meeting Department of Transportation specifications, is available to the town at a unit price acceptable to the commissioner.(1953, S. 1184d; 1958 Rev., S. 13-66; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 106; 1967, P.A. 701, S. 12; 1969, P.A. 768, S. 89; P.A. 02-89, S. 17.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act changed obsolete statutory references; 1969 act substituted commissioner and department of transportation for highway commissioner and department; P.A. 02-89 replaced reference to Sec. 13a-175h with reference to Sec. 13a-175f, reflecting the repeal of Sec. 13a-175h by the same public act.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-107 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-107 - Selectmen to open highway blocked with snow.

 Whenever any highway becomes blocked with snow to an extent that renders the same impassable for public travel, the selectmen of the town in which such highway is located shall cause such highway to be opened for public travel at the expense of such town within a reasonable time thereafter, if they find the same to be required for public convenience and necessity. Any selectman who fails to open any highway so blocked, when requested in writing so to do by six taxpayers residing on or near such highway, shall be fined ten dollars. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any highway within the limits of any city or borough, unless the town has the supervision of the highways in such city or borough.(1949 Rev., S. 2132; 1958 Rev., S. 13-16; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 107.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-108 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-108 - Rural free delivery route to be opened.

 If the selectmen of any town fail, for a period of five days, to open, in accordance with the provisions of section 13a-107, any highway which is part of a rural free delivery route, any person or persons residing on such route may open such highway and shall be paid therefor by the town compensation at the prevailing rate of wages for such services; provided, if the selectmen have contracted with any other person to open such road, the amount paid by the town as compensation as herein provided may be recovered by such town from such contractor, unless otherwise expressly provided in such contract.(1949 Rev., S. 2133; 1958 Rev., S. 13-17; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 108.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-109 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-109 - Apportionment of cost for work on bridge.

 The commissioner or any municipality or other person who has performed any work on any bridge for a portion of the cost of which any other municipality or person is liable shall, within thirty days after the completion of such work, mail to each person liable for a portion of the cost of such work a statement of the total cost of such work, showing the proportionate share assessed against each interested party, and such amount assessed against each interested party shall thereupon become due and, if not paid within thirty days, shall bear interest at the rate of six per cent per annum and shall be collectible in an action at law brought to the superior court for the judicial district wherein such bridge is located.(1949 Rev., S. 2273; 1958 Rev., S. 13-129; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 109; P.A. 78-280, S. 24, 127.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 78-280 substituted superior court for “any court of competent jurisdiction” and “judicial district” for “county”.That county or town has no money in its treasury, no defense against action to recover amount due. 70 C. 437.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-110 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-110 - Lighting on bridges, dangerous locations and intersections.

 (a) The commissioner shall cause to be installed and shall maintain suitable lighting on any bridge or on any dangerous location or intersection on any state highway when he deems such lighting necessary to the safety of the public.(b) The commissioner may provide, at the request of any interested town, person or company, a system of street lighting on any bridge on any state highway, under the provisions of section 13a-87, provided the state shall be reimbursed for the entire cost thereof by such town, person or company.(c) The commissioner, upon request of any municipality, may enter into a written agreement with the municipality to reimburse it or any municipal district therein for twenty-five per cent of the cost of new highway lighting installations and the annual cost of operation thereof on agreed portions of unlimited access state-maintained highways, when he deems that such lighting will contribute to the safety of the public and the need for such lighting meets the requirements established by the commissioner.(1949 Rev., S. 2241, 2271; 1957, P.A. 609; 1958 Rev., S. 13-122, 13-123, 13-127; 1961, P.A. 517, S. 76; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 110; P.A. 73-675, S. 17, 44; P.A. 75-568, S. 13, 45.)History: 1961 act removed obsolete reference to requests by counties in Subsec. (b), county government having been abolished in 1959; 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 73-675 substituted transportation fund for highway fund in Subsec. (a); P.A. 75-568 deleted provision re payment of costs from transportation fund in Subsec. (a).Cited. 198 C. 413.Cited. 39 CS 234.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-111 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-111 - Railings on bridges and highways.

 The party bound to maintain any bridge or highway shall erect and maintain a sufficient railing or fence on the sides of such bridge and on the sides of such parts of such road as are so made or raised above the ground as to be unsafe for travel. The specifications for railings or fences on state highways or bridges required to be erected and maintained pursuant to this section shall be constructed equal to, or better than, the current specifications and policies approved by the Commissioner of Transportation for the installation and maintenance of roadside appurtenances. A railing or fence that is reasonably maintained under said specifications shall be deemed sufficient under the provisions of this section.(1961, P.A. 43; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 111; P.A. 98-182, S. 14, 22.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 98-182 deleted the requirement for the commissioner to promulgate regulations, required the specifications for railings or fences to be constructed equal to or better than current specifications and policies, effective July 1, 1998.See Sec. 13a-152 re damages for failure to maintain railing or fence.Annotations to former statute:Proof of compliance with former provision deemed to raise conclusive presumption defendant discharged duty. 122 C. 99. Standard not generally applicable; applies only to highways specified. 129 C. 700.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-112 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-112 - Certain bridges to have draws.

 No bridge without a draw shall be built or maintained across any water navigated by open-deck vessels for business purposes, whose passage would be impeded thereby. If any bridge is so maintained or its construction commenced, the Superior Court, or any judge thereof in vacation, upon the complaint of any party aggrieved, may enjoin the maintenance or construction of such bridge, and may order its removal at the expense of the respondent and that a suitable bridge be built, and may establish the width of the draw therein, but, whenever any highway is laid out over any navigable water, the committee of the Superior Court appointed with power to lay out such highway or a committee appointed by the Superior Court upon the application of the selectmen of the town which has laid out such highway may inquire, after due and reasonable notice to all parties interested, whether the building, construction or maintenance of a bridge without a draw will materially interfere with the navigation of such water by open-deck vessels for business purposes. If such committee finds that the construction or maintenance of such a bridge without a draw will not materially interfere with the navigation of such water, such committee, after giving at least five days' notice in the manner prescribed for the service of legal process to all persons owning wharves, docks or wharf privileges above such bridge, may assess the damages which the construction of such bridge without a draw will cause to the owners of such wharf or wharf privileges and, if the committee finds that the total amount of such damages, if paid by the town in which such bridge is located, will be more economical for such town than the construction or maintenance of such bridge with a draw, such bridge may be maintained, built or constructed without a draw, after the amount of damages so found has been paid to the parties entitled to the same or has been deposited in the town treasury subject to their order; and the amount of such damages shall be paid by the town in which the bridge is located, as a part of the expense of building or maintaining such highway or bridge. All persons interested in such wharves or wharf privileges shall be entitled to all of the privileges by way of remonstrance and reestimate of damages which are provided in part III of this chapter for persons interested in laying out or altering a highway. This section shall not be construed to authorize the construction of a bridge without a draw over Branford River below Hobart's Bridge.(1949 Rev., S. 2120; 1958 Rev., S. 13-5; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 112.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; (Revisor's note: In 2003 a reference to “chapter 238” was changed editorally by the Revisors to “this chapter”).
CT Gen Stat § 13a-113 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-113 - Drawbridges to have gates.

 The approaches to all drawbridges over which highways pass shall be provided, by the town or towns or owners of such bridges, with gates for the protection of travelers, subject to the approval of the selectmen of the town or towns in which such bridge or bridges may be located. Each bridge tender shall insure closure of such gates before the draw is opened. Any bridge tender who violates the provisions of this section shall be fined not more than fifty dollars.(1949 Rev., S. 2121; 1958 Rev., S. 13-6; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 113.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-114 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-114 - Traffic control during department operations.

 The commissioner or his agent may, while engaged in Department of Transportation operations, restrict, control and halt traffic. Anyone who disregards or disobeys the person so restricting, controlling or halting traffic shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars.(1949 Rev., S. 2238; 1958 Rev., S. 13-119; 1961, P.A. 206; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 114; 1969, P.A. 768, S. 90.)History: 1961 act added provisions of this section to 1958 Rev., S. 13-119, other provisions of which are found in Secs. 13a-115 and 13a-145; 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1969 act substituted department of transportation for highway department.Cited. 39 CS 234.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-115 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-115 - Closing highways under construction, maintenance or repair.

 (a) The Commissioner of Transportation may close or restrict traffic over any section of any state highway or bridge for the purpose of construction, reconstruction, maintenance or repair by posting notices at each end of such section of highway or at each end of such bridge. Any person who, without a permit from the commissioner, closes any state highway or bridge shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars.(b) If in the course of construction, reconstruction, maintenance or repair of any state highway, the commissioner finds it necessary to close a highway or bridge of any town, city, borough or municipal corporation, he shall have the authority to do so in the manner provided in subsection (a) of this section and the provisions of said subsection and section 13a-145 shall be applicable thereto.(1949 Rev., S. 2238; 1957, P.A. 611, S. 2; 1958 Rev., S. 13-119, 13-192; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 115; 1967, P.A. 45, S. 1; 1969, P.A. 768, S. 91; P.A. 75-248, S. 1, 2.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act included “reconstruction or repair” in Subsec. (b) and replaced “expressway” with “state highway”; 1969 act substituted commissioner of transportation for highway commissioner; P.A. 75-248 included references to “maintenance” of highways.See Sec. 13a-145 re use of closed highway at user's risk.See Sec. 13a-257 re contractors' liability.Cited. 27 CA 734.Cited. 39 CS 234.