reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 37-8 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 37 - Interest|Chapter 673 - Interest|Section 37-8 - Actions not to be brought on prohibited loans.

 No action shall be brought to recover principal or interest, or any part thereof, on any loan prohibited by sections 37-4, 37-5 and 37-6, or upon any cause arising from the negotiation of such loan.(1949 Rev., S. 6783.)Cited. 111 C. 87; 120 C. 665. Acceptance of note appearing to be usurious on its face is not sufficient to invoke ban of this section; intent to evade Sec. 37-4 must also be proved. 118 C. 4. Voluntary taking or reservation of more than legal interest is per se usurious; specific intent to violate Sec. 37-4 is not essential. 123 C. 94; 130 C. 552. Where no evidence is offered to explain difference between amount of note and actual loan, court may justifiably find note usurious. 126 C. 339. Statute makes no distinction between rights of an accommodation party who has participated in the usurious transaction and one who has not. 138 C. 636. Cited. 139 C. 425. Where note which would be usurious in Connecticut was executed in New York and payable there, action could be brought thereon in Connecticut, since controlling statute re usury was that of New York. 149 C. 9. Same result where note was executed in Connecticut for convenience of defendant cosigner but delivery was in Massachusetts. Id., 159. Where lender was a 78-year-old woman and borrower, an astute businessman, persuaded her not to seek legal counsel and to accept his note in an usurious amount, action on note allowed. 153 C. 400, 406. Cited. 193 C. 304; 211 C. 613.Cited. 3 CA 306. Provisions of this statute and Sec. 37-4 bar a deficiency judgment in this case. 6 CA 691. Cited. 21 CA 131; 44 CA 439; Id., 471.A conditional bill of sale given to avoid the usury statute is void. 1 CS 160. A first mortgage given to secure the performance of an illegal and unenforceable loan is equally ineffective. 8 CS 245. Cited. 33 CS 554.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-2. (Formerly Sec. 38-2) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-2. (Formerly Sec. 38-2) - General penalty.

 Any person or corporation violating any provision of this title for the violation of which no other penalty is provided shall be fined not more than fifteen thousand dollars.(1949 Rev., S. 6275; P.A. 83-255, S. 1, 2; P.A. 08-178, S. 1.)History: P.A. 83-255 increased maximum fine from $500 to $7,500; Sec. 38-2 transferred to Sec. 38a-2 in 1991; P.A. 08-178 increased maximum fine from $7,500 to $15,000.Annotation to former section 38-2:Cited. 162 C. 504.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-7. (Formerly Sec. 38-3) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-7. (Formerly Sec. 38-3) - Appointment of commissioner.

 In accordance with the provisions of sections 4-5 to 4-8, inclusive, the Governor shall appoint some suitable person, not a director, officer or agent of an insurance company, to be Insurance Commissioner.(1949 Rev., S. 6025; P.A. 77-614, S. 163, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 267, 345, 348.)History: P.A. 77-614 made insurance department a division within the department of business regulation, retaining insurance commissioner as its head, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 restored insurance commissioner and division to prior independent status and abolished the department of business regulation; Sec. 38-3 transferred to Sec. 38a-7 in 1991.Annotation to former section 38-3:Cited. 140 C. 222.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-8a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-8a - Regulations on security and privacy standards.

 The Insurance Commissioner may adopt regulations, in accordance with chapter 54, to establish security and privacy standards consistent with Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act of 1999, Public Law 106-102 (15 USC 6801 et seq.). Such regulations may be made applicable to any person regulated under this title.(P.A. 02-40, S. 1.)History: P.A. 02-40 effective May 6, 2002.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-8b (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-8b - Stop loss policies. Sale in this state. Regulations.

 No stop loss policy may be issued or delivered in this state unless a copy of the stop loss policy form has been submitted to, and approved by, the Insurance Commissioner pursuant to regulations that the commissioner may adopt in accordance with chapter 54. Such regulations, if adopted, shall include, but need not be limited to, a definition of a stop loss policy and the standards for filing and review of stop loss policies.(P.A. 04-49, S. 2.)
CT Gen Stat § 38a-10. (Formerly Sec. 38-4c) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-10. (Formerly Sec. 38-4c) - Regulations on arbitration procedure.

 The Insurance Commissioner shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to carry out the purposes of subsection (b) of section 38a-9. Copies of the regulations shall be provided to any person upon request.(P.A. 88-326, S. 10.)History: Sec. 38-4c transferred to Sec. 38a-10 in 1991; (Revisor's note: In 1997 a reference to “Commissioner of Insurance” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Insurance Commissioner” for consistency with customary statutory usage).
CT Gen Stat § 38a-12. (Formerly Sec. 38-5) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-12. (Formerly Sec. 38-5) - Annual reports.

 (a) The commissioner shall, annually, submit to the Governor a report of the commissioner's official acts and of the condition of all insurance companies doing business in this state, with a condensed statement of their reports made to the commissioner or accepted by the commissioner, together with an abstract of all accounts rendered to any court by any receiver of a domestic insurance company, a statement of the fees received by the commissioner and paid by the commissioner to the Treasurer and such other facts as are required by law.(b) On or before January fifteenth annually, the commissioner shall submit to the joint standing committee of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to insurance a report, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, detailing all the information the commissioner received during the past year pursuant to sections 29-311, 31-290d, 38a-356 and 53-445.(1949 Rev., S. 6030; P.A. 00-211, S. 3; P.A. 09-74, S. 3; P.A. 15-118, S. 31.)History: Sec. 38-5 transferred to Sec. 38a-12 in 1991; P.A. 00-211 designated existing provisions as Subsec. (a) and made provisions gender neutral, and added new Subsec. (b) re annual reports to the insurance committee of the General Assembly re information received pursuant to Secs. 29-311, 31-290d, 38a-356 and 53-445; P.A. 09-74 made a technical change in Subsec. (b), effective May 27, 2009; P.A. 15-118 amended Subsec. (b) to replace “January 15, 2001, and annually thereafter,” with “January fifteenth annually,”.See Sec. 4-60 re annual reports of budgeted agencies.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-13. (Formerly Sec. 38-13) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-13. (Formerly Sec. 38-13) - Annual report to state names of companies.

 The commissioner shall, in his annual report to the Governor, state the names of the companies so taken possession of, whether the same have resumed business or have been liquidated, and such other facts as shall acquaint the policyholders, creditors, stockholders and public with his proceedings relating thereto; and, to that end, any special deputy in charge of any such company shall file, annually, with the commissioner, a report of the affairs of such company.(1949 Rev., S. 6039.)History: Sec. 38-13 transferred to Sec. 38a-13 in 1991.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-16. (Formerly Sec. 38-7a) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-16. (Formerly Sec. 38-7a) - Investigations and hearings by Insurance Commissioner. Subpoenas. Injunctive relief.

 (a)(1) The Insurance Commissioner or the commissioner's authorized representative may, as often as the commissioner deems necessary, conduct investigations and hearings in aid of any investigation on any matter under the provisions of this title. Pursuant to any such investigation or hearing, the commissioner or the commissioner's authorized representative may issue data calls, subpoenas, administer oaths, compel testimony, order the production of books, records, papers and documents, and examine books and records. If any person refuses to allow the examination of books and records, to appear, to testify or to produce any book, record, paper or document when so ordered, a judge of the Superior Court, upon application of the commissioner or the commissioner's authorized representative, may make such order as may be appropriate to aid in the enforcement of this section.(2) Data provided in response to a data call under this section shall not be subject to disclosure under section 1-210.(b) The Attorney General, at the request of the commissioner, is authorized to apply in the name of the state of Connecticut to the Superior Court for an order temporarily or permanently restraining and enjoining any person from violating any provision of this title.(P.A. 86-95, S. 2, 3; P.A. 09-74, S. 7; P.A. 16-213, S. 2.)History: Sec. 38-7a transferred to Sec. 38a-16 in 1991; P.A. 09-74 made technical changes in Subsec. (a), effective May 27, 2009; P.A. 16-213 amended Subsec. (a) by designating existing provisions as Subdiv. (1) and amending same by authorizing commissioner to issue data calls and by adding Subdiv. (2) re data provided in response to data call.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-17. (Formerly Sec. 38-8) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-17. (Formerly Sec. 38-8) - Authority of commissioner when business is being conducted improperly.

 If, in the opinion of the commissioner, any insurance company, fraternal benefit society, health care center or residual market mechanism is doing business in an illegal or improper manner or is failing to adjust and pay losses and obligations when they become due, except claims to which, in the judgment of the commissioner there is a substantial defense, the commissioner may order it to discontinue such illegal or improper method of doing business and may order it to adjust and pay its losses and obligations as they become due.(1949 Rev., S. 6031; P.A. 92-60 S. 1; P.A. 09-74, S. 8.)History: Sec. 38-8 transferred to Sec. 38a-17 in 1991; P.A. 92-60 applied provisions of section to fraternal benefit societies, health care centers and residual market mechanisms; P.A. 09-74 made technical changes, effective May 27, 2009.Annotation to former section 38-8:Commissioner may inquire into reasons why company denies liability on policy. 86 C. 556.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-18. (Formerly Sec. 38-9) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-18. (Formerly Sec. 38-9) - Application by commissioner to act as receiver.

 Section 38a-18 is repealed, effective July 1, 2017.(1949 Rev., S. 6035; 1957, P.A. 448, S. 44; 1967, P.A. 518; 1971, P.A. 179, S. 24; P.A. 77-614, S. 486, 610; P.A. 78-280, S. 2, 127; P.A. 90-243, S. 5; P.A. 00-99, S. 83, 154; P.A. 09-74, S. 9; P.A. 11-51, S. 134; P.A. 17-198, S. 34.)
CT Gen Stat § 38a-19. (Formerly Sec. 38-349) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-19. (Formerly Sec. 38-349) - Hearings on orders of commissioner. Appeals.

 (a) Any person or insurer aggrieved by any order or decision of the commissioner made without a hearing may, not later than thirty days after notice of the order to the person or insurer, make written request to the commissioner for a hearing on the order or decision. The commissioner shall hear such party or parties not later than thirty days after receipt of such request and shall give not less than ten days' written notice of the time and place of the hearing. Not later than forty-five days after such hearing, the commissioner shall affirm, reverse or modify his previous order or decision, specifying his reasons therefor. Pending such hearing and decision on such hearing the commissioner may suspend or postpone the effective date of his previous order or decision.(b) Nothing contained in this section or sections 38a-363 to 38a-388, inclusive, shall require the observance at any hearing of formal rules of pleading or evidence.(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to an order or decision of the commissioner made pursuant to section 38a-591g.(d) Any order or decision of the commissioner shall be subject to appeal therefrom in accordance with the provisions of section 4-183.(1972, P.A. 273, S. 31; P.A. 76-436, S. 636, 681; P.A. 77-603, S. 121, 125; P.A. 92-60, S. 2; P.A. 98-98, S. 2; P.A. 06-54, S. 1; P.A. 07-113, S. 2; P.A. 11-58, S. 68.)History: P.A. 76-436 replaced court of common pleas with superior court in Subsec. (c), effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 77-603 replaced previous appeal provisions of Subsec. (c) with statement requiring that appeals be made in accordance with Sec. 4-183; Sec. 38-349 transferred to Sec. 38a-19 in 1991; P.A. 92-60 made technical changes in Subsec. (a) for statutory consistency; P.A. 98-98 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute “not later than” for “within” re days, to replace references to “thereon” and to substitute “order or decision” for “action”, added new Subsec. (c) to make section inapplicable to an order or decision made pursuant to Sec. 38a-478n, and redesignated existing Subsec. (c) as Subsec. (d); P.A. 06-54 amended Subsec. (a) to require commissioner to hold hearing not later than 30 days after receipt of request, in lieu of 20 days, to require commissioner to render decision not later than 45 days after hearing, in lieu of 15 days, and to make a technical change; P.A. 07-113 amended Subsec. (c) to make section inapplicable to order or decision made pursuant to Sec. 38a-477b; P.A. 11-58 amended Subsec. (c) to substitute reference to Secs. 38a-477b and 38a-478n with reference to Sec. 38a-591g, effective July 1, 2011.Annotations to former section 38-349:Cited. 169 C. 267; 186 C. 507.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-20. (Formerly Sec. 38-17) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-20. (Formerly Sec. 38-17) - Emergency regulations.

 Whenever the Governor declares, by proclamation, bank and credit union holidays or periods of banking emergency, under section 36a-23, or whenever the Governor determines, and by proclamation declares, that the conditions in another state or in other states, affecting insurance companies located in Connecticut, create an emergency, the commissioner, with the approval of the Governor, during such period or periods may issue and enforce regulations for the management and operation of the insurance companies located or doing business within this state for the protection of the policyholders and stockholders of such companies, having special regard to the financial conditions resulting from such holiday and emergency periods.(1949 Rev., S. 6043; 1969, P.A. 504, S. 22; P.A. 00-6, S. 4.)History: 1969 act substituted reference to Sec. 36-28a for reference to Sec. 36-28, repealed by same act; Sec. 38-17 transferred to Sec. 38a-20 in 1991; P.A. 00-6 replaced “bank holiday” with “bank and credit union holidays”.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-22 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-22 - Electronic filing and submission.

 (a) Notwithstanding any provision of the general statutes, the Insurance Commissioner may require that any person required by any provision of this title to make a filing or submission to the commissioner make such filing or submission to the commissioner by electronic means.(b) Any person required to make a filing or submission to the commissioner by electronic means pursuant to subsection (a) of this section may submit a request to the commissioner seeking an exception to the requirement.(c) The commissioner shall grant a request submitted pursuant to subsection (b) of this section if the commissioner determines that compliance with the requirement imposed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section is impractical, would cause the person seeking the exception to suffer undue hardship or that good cause exists to grant the requested exception.(P.A. 18-158, S. 1.)History: P.A. 18-158 effective June 13, 2018.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-26 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 697 - General Provisions|Section 38a-26 - Procedure for service of process.

 (a) Service of process on the commissioner as provided in section 38a-25 shall be made by delivering two copies thereof to the commissioner, or to the office of the commissioner, or to an official or office of an official designated by the commissioner to receive service. The person serving process shall pay to the office of the commissioner the fee set for that service by section 38a-11, for each person or insurer to be served.(b) The commissioner shall immediately send by registered or certified mail one copy of the process to the person to be served as follows: (1) To that person's last-known principal place of business, residence, or post-office address, or (2) if a foreign insurance company, to the secretary of the company or designee of the company, or (3) if an alien insurance company, to the resident manager, if any, in this country, or (4) if a fraternal benefit society, to the secretary or corresponding officer of the society.(c) The commissioner shall retain the second copy of the process for his files. The commissioner shall keep a record of all process served, showing the day and hour of service.(d) Proof of service shall be evidenced by a certificate signed by the commissioner or by the official designated to receive service of process, showing the service made on him and mailing by him, attached to the second copy of the process.(e) No plaintiff or complainant shall be entitled to a judgment or determination by default in any action or proceeding in which the process is served under this section until the expiration of forty-five days from the date of service of process commencing the action or proceeding.(P.A. 90-243, S. 8; P.A. 92-60, S. 4; P.A. 93-239, S. 10; P.A. 01-139, S. 1.)History: P.A. 92-60 amended Subsec. (a) by reducing the number of copies to be delivered to the commissioner for service of process from “three” to “two”; P.A. 93-239 amended Subsec. (d) replacing reference to the third copy of the service of process with second copy; P.A. 01-139 amended Subsec. (b)(2) to add reference to the designee of a foreign insurance company.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-41a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 698 - Insurers|Section 38a-41a - Certificate authorizing formation of insurance company or health care center. Information required by commissioner. Costs.

 (a) A certificate authorizing the formation of a corporation to transact the business of an insurance company or a health care center shall be issued by the commissioner if the following is submitted to the commissioner by the incorporators and is deemed to be satisfactory: (1) The proposed articles of incorporation, which shall state that the corporation has, as a purpose, the doing of an insurance business or health care center business; (2) the proposed bylaws of the corporation; and (3) such information as the commissioner shall require to evaluate the objectives, management and control of the proposed corporation, pursuant to the provisions of chapter 54.(b) All expenses incurred by the commissioner in connection with proceedings under this section shall be paid by the person filing the application.(P.A. 96-106, S. 3; P.A. 99-9, S. 3, 6.)History: P.A. 99-9 amended Subsec. (a) to add reference to a “health care center” and “health care center business” and to substitute “commissioner” for “him” and “Insurance Commissioner”, effective May 12, 1999.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-42. (Formerly Sec. 38-20b) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 698 - Insurers|Section 38a-42. (Formerly Sec. 38-20b) - Contracts with life, accident or health insurance producers.

 (a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no insurance company shall enter into any contract of remuneration with any life or accident and health insurance producer where the initial or any renewal commission is contingent upon (1) such contract being in effect more than two years, or (2) any continuing premium or other volume requirement contained in such contract.(b) Any insurance company may enter into a contract of remuneration of the kind prohibited in subsection (a) of this section with any such insurance producer if the company has offered to such producer a contract which contains no such contingent provisions as described in subdivisions (1) and (2) of subsection (a) of this section and which provides actuarially equivalent remuneration to the contract containing such contingent provisions.(1969, P.A. 263, S. 1, 2; P.A. 96-193, S. 1, 36; P.A. 04-10, S. 1.)History: Sec. 38-20b transferred to Sec. 38a-42 in 1991; P.A. 96-193 substituted “producer” for “agent” and “broker”, effective June 3, 1996; P.A. 04-10 made technical changes.
CT Gen Stat § 38a-43. (Formerly Sec. 38-22) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 38a - Insurance|Chapter 698 - Insurers|Section 38a-43. (Formerly Sec. 38-22) - Certain insurance companies and health care centers may be prohibited from transacting business in this state.

 Whenever it appears to the commissioner that permission to transact business within any state of the United States or within any foreign country has been refused to any domestic insurance company or domestic health care center after (1) a certificate of the solvency and good management of such company or health care center has been issued to it by the commissioner, and (2) such company or health care center has complied with any reasonable laws of such state or foreign country requiring deposits of money or securities with the government of such state or country, the commissioner may immediately cancel the authority of each company or health care center organized under the laws of such state or foreign government and licensed to do business in this state and may refuse a certificate of authority to each such company or health care center thereafter applying for authority to do business in this state, until the commissioner's certificate has been recognized by the government of such state or country.(1949 Rev., S. 6053; P.A. 04-10, S. 2; P.A. 16-213, S. 11.)History: Sec. 38-22 transferred to Sec. 38a-43 in 1991; P.A. 04-10 made technical changes; P.A. 16-213 added references to domestic health care center and health care center, added Subdiv. (1) and (2) designators and made a technical change, effective July 1, 2016.Annotation to former section 38-22:Cited. 122 C. 295.