AL Code § 10A-2A-1.41 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 2A - Alabama Business Corporation Law.|Article 1 - General Provisions.|Division C - Definitions.|Section 10A-2A-1.41 - Notice and Other Communications.

Section 10A-2A-1.41Notice and other communications. THIS SECTION WAS AMENDED BY ACT 2021-299 IN THE 2021 REGULAR SESSION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2022. TO SEE THE AMENDED VERSION, SEE THE VERSION LABELED PENDING. (a) A notice under this chapter must be in writing unless oral notice is reasonable in the circumstances. Unless otherwise agreed between the sender and the recipient, words in a notice or other communication under this chapter must be in English. (b) A notice or other communication may be given by any method of delivery, except that electronic transmissions must be in accordance with this section. If the methods of delivery are impracticable, a notice or other communication may be given by means of a broad non-exclusionary distribution to the public (which may include a newspaper of general circulation in the area where published; radio, television, or other form of public broadcast communication; or other methods of distribution that the corporation has previously identified to its stockholders). (c) A notice or other communication to a corporation or to a foreign corporation registered to do business in this state may be delivered to the corporation's registered agent at its registered office or to the secretary at the corporation's principal office shown in its most recent annual report or, in the case of a foreign corporation that has not yet delivered an annual report, in its foreign registration under Chapter 1. (d) A notice or other communications to a stockholder from the corporation may be delivered by electronic mail to that stockholder at the electronic mail address for that stockholder as reflected in the books and records of the corporation, unless that stockholder has previously notified the corporation in writing that the stockholder objects to receiving notices and other communications by electronic mail. Any such notice or communication may be delivered by electronic transmission other than electronic mail if consented to by the stockholder or if authorized by subsection (j), and any other notice or communication may be delivered by electronic transmission if consented to by the recipient or if authorized by subsection (j). (e) Any consent under subsection (d) may be revoked by the person who consented by written or electronic notice to the person to whom the consent was delivered. Authority to deliver notice or other communications to a stockholder by electronic mail or by electronic transmission pursuant to subsection (d) shall cease if (i) the corporation is unable to deliver two consecutive electronic transmissions to that stockholder in accordance with subsection (d), and (ii) the inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice or other communications; provided, however, the inadvertent failure to treat that inability as a cessation of authority shall not invalidate any meeting or other action. (f) Unless otherwise agreed between the sender and the recipient, an electronic transmission is received when: (1) it enters an information processing system that the recipient has designated or uses for the purposes of receiving electronic transmissions or information of the type sent, and from which the recipient is able to retrieve the electronic transmission; and (2) it is in a form capable of being processed by that system. (g) Receipt of an electronic acknowledgement from an information processing system described in subsection (f)(1) establishes that an electronic transmission was received but, by itself, does not establish that the content sent corresponds to the content received. (h) An electronic transmission is received under this section even if no person is aware of its receipt. (i) A notice or other communication, if in a comprehensible form or manner, is effective at the earliest of the following: (1) if in a physical form, the earliest of when it is actually received, or when it is left at: (i) a stockholder's address shown on the corporation's record of stockholders maintained by the corporation under Section 10A-2A-16.01(d); (ii) a director's residence or usual place of business; or (iii) the corporation's principal office; (2) if mailed postage prepaid and correctly addressed to a stockholder, upon deposit in the United States mail; (3) if mailed by United States mail postage prepaid and correctly addressed to a recipient other than a stockholder, the earliest of when it is actually received, or: (i) if sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, the date shown on the return receipt signed by or on behalf of the addressee; or (ii) five days after it is deposited in the United States mail; (4) if sent by a nationally recognized commercial carrier that issues a receipt or other confirmation of delivery, the earliest of when it is actually received or the date shown on the receipt or other confirmation of delivery issued by the commercial carrier; (5) if an electronic transmission, when it is received as provided in subsection (f); and (6) if oral, when communicated. (j) A notice or other communication may be in the form of an electronic transmission that cannot be directly reproduced in paper form by the recipient through an automated process used in conventional commercial practice only if (i) the electronic transmission is otherwise retrievable in perceivable form, and (ii) the sender and the recipient have consented in writing to the use of such form of electronic transmission. (k) If this chapter prescribes requirements for notices or other communications in particular circumstances, those requirements govern. If the certificate of incorporation or bylaws prescribe requirements for notices or other communications, not inconsistent with this section or other provisions of this chapter, those requirements govern. The certificate of incorporation or bylaws may authorize or require delivery of notices of meetings of directors by electronic transmission. (l) In the event that any provisions of this chapter are deemed to modify, limit, or supersede the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. §§7001 et seq., the provisions of this chapter shall control to the maximum extent permitted by Section 102(a)(2) of that federal act. (Act 2019-94, §1; Act 2020-73, §7.)