reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 600.2136 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2136 - Library Record, Book, or Paper; Copy or Reproduction Admissible as Evidence; Fee; False Certification; Penalty.

600.2136 Library record, book, or paper; copy or reproduction admissible as evidence; fee; false certification; penalty. Sec. 2136.  (1) A copy of a record, book, or paper belonging to or in the custody of a public, college, or university library, or an incorporated library society, if accompanied by a sworn statement by the librarian or other person in charge of the record, book, or paper, that the copy is a true copy of the original in his or her custody, is admissible as evidence in a court or proceeding in like manner and to the same extent as the original would be if produced.  (2) A reproduction of a record, book, paper, or document belonging to or in the custody of a public, college, or university library, or an incorporated library society, in a medium pursuant to the records media act or a reproduction consisting of a printout or other output readable by sight from such a medium, if accompanied by a sworn statement made by the librarian or other person in charge of the record, book, paper, or document, stating that the reproduction is made under his or her supervision or that of a duly authorized representative, and that nothing has been done to alter or change the original, that the reproduction is true to the original in his or her custody, is admissible as evidence in a court or proceeding in like manner as the original would be if produced.  (3) For making and certifying a copy under subsection (1), a fee of 25 cents may be charged. For making and certifying each reproduction under subsection (2), a fee of $1.00 may be charged. If the reproduction is a photocopy, the fee shall not exceed $1.00 and a further charge of 10 cents per folio and 50 cents per sheet for photocopies actually made.  (4) A person who certifies falsely under subsection (1) or (2) is guilty of a felony punishable by the same penalty provided by statute for perjury. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 192, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992
MI Comp L § 600.2137 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2137 - Reproduction or Copy Admissible in Evidence.

600.2137 Reproduction or copy admissible in evidence.Sec. 2137.  A reproduction in a medium under the records reproduction act, 1992 PA 116, MCL 24.401 to 24.406, or a reproduction consisting of a printout or other output readable by sight from such a medium is admissible as evidence before a court, commission, or administrative body the same as the original and has the same force and effect as the original would have had and shall be treated as an original for the purpose of admissibility in evidence. A certified or authenticated copy of the reproduction shall be admitted into evidence equally with the original reproduction. This section only applies to records filed with the court and maintained by the court clerk or register. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1964, Act 244, Eff. Aug. 28, 1964 ;-- Am. 1975, Act 248, Imd. Eff. Sept. 4, 1975 ;-- Am. 1984, Act 43, Imd. Eff. Mar. 26, 1984 ;-- Am. 1986, Act 308, Eff. Jan. 1, 1987 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 192, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992 ;-- Am. 2001, Act 76, Imd. Eff. July 24, 2001 ;-- Am. 2009, Act 239, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 2010 ;-- Am. 2013, Act 199, Imd. Eff. Dec. 18, 2013 Compiler's Notes: For transfer of powers and duties of department of history, arts, and libraries regarding state archives program to department of natural resources, see E.R.O. No. 2009-26, compiled at MCL 399.752.
MI Comp L § 600.2138 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2138 - Filed or Recorded Documents; Copy or Replacement; Certification; Admissibility as Evidence; Transcript or Certified Copy; Filing or Inserting Correction, Alteration, Indorsement, or Entry.

600.2138 Filed or recorded documents; copy or replacement; certification; admissibility as evidence; transcript or certified copy; filing or inserting correction, alteration, indorsement, or entry. Sec. 2138.  (1) If a public officer performing duties under this act is required or authorized by law to record, copy, recopy, or replace a document, plat, paper, written instrument, or book on file or of record in his or her office, the officer may do so pursuant to the records media act.  (2) If an original document, plat, paper, written instrument, record, or book of record filed or of record in the office of an officer described in subsection (1) is copied or replaced pursuant to subsection (1), and the officer is required by law to certify in or on the copy or replacement that it is a true and correct copy of the original, a copy of the certification by the officer, similarly made and included at the end of the copy or replacement, complies with the law.  (3) If produced under this or any other law, a copy, record, reproduction, or replacement or an enlarged reproduction of any of these is considered an original for all purposes and is admissible in evidence in like manner as the original.  (4) A transcript or certified copy of a reproduction described in subsection (3) is considered a transcript or certified copy of the original.  (5) If a record or replacement of a record in the office of an officer described in subsection (1) is produced pursuant to this section, a correction, alteration, indorsement, or entry, required or authorized to be made of or on an instrument or paper or on the record of the instrument or paper, may be made by filing or inserting a copy or recopy, produced by the same process, of the page or part of the page, so corrected or altered or on which such indorsement or entry is made, next to the place where the copy or record of the instrument or paper is contained or in such other manner as the officer considers advisable or practicable. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1964, Act 244, Eff. Aug. 28, 1964 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 192, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992
MI Comp L § 600.2139 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2139 - Seal; Presumptive Evidence of Consideration.

600.2139 Seal; presumptive evidence of consideration. Sec. 2139.  In any action upon a sealed instrument, and where a counterclaim is founded on any sealed instrument, the seal thereof shall only be presumptive evidence of a sufficient consideration, which may be rebutted in the same manner, and to the same extent, as if such instrument were not sealed. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2140 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2140 - Corporate Existence; Proof.

600.2140 Corporate existence; proof. Sec. 2140.  In any suit or proceeding, civil or criminal hereafter instituted in any of the courts of this state, wherein it shall become material or necessary to prove the incorporation of any company or corporation, or the existence of any joint stock company or association, whether the same be a foreign or domestic corporation, company, or association, evidence that such corporation, company, or association is doing business under a certain name shall be prima facie proof of its due incorporation or existence pursuant to law, and of its name. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2141 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2141 - Copartnership; Proof.

600.2141 Copartnership; proof. Sec. 2141.  In any suit or proceeding hereafter instituted in any of the courts of this state, wherein it shall become material or necessary to prove the copartnership of any firm or association the plaintiffs may cause to be served upon the defendant, with a copy of the complaint filed in the cause, or with the process by which suit is commenced, an affidavit stating that the plaintiffs were the persons comprising such partnership at the time the contract in question was made, or the cause of action accrued; and such affidavit shall be prima facie evidence of such existence of such partnership or association, unless the defendant shall file with his plea an affidavit denying the existence of such partnership or association. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2142 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2142 - Seal; Prima Facie Proof of Lawful Execution of Instruments by Corporations, Other Firms.

600.2142 Seal; prima facie proof of lawful execution of instruments by corporations, other firms. Sec. 2142.  Any corporation, joint stock company, or partnership association, limited, may have a common seal which it may alter at pleasure, and such seal affixed to any instrument purporting to be executed by any such corporation, joint stock company or partnership association, limited, foreign or domestic, shall be prima facie proof of the due adoption of said seal, and that it was affixed to said instrument by due authority, and that said instrument was in fact lawfully executed by such corporation, joint stock company or partnership association, limited. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2143 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2143 - Subscribing Witness to Instrument Need Not Be Called; Exception.

600.2143 Subscribing witness to instrument need not be called; exception. Sec. 2143.  Whenever upon the trial of any action, civil or criminal, or upon the hearing of any judicial proceedings, a written instrument is offered in evidence, to which there is a subscribing witness, it shall not be necessary to call such subscribing witness, but such instrument may be proved in the same manner as it might be proved if there were no subscribing witness thereto, except in cases of written instruments to the validity of which 1 or more subscribing witnesses are required by law. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2144 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2144 - Signature or Handwriting; Proof.

600.2144 Signature or handwriting; proof. Sec. 2144.  Whenever in any suit or proceeding in any of the courts of this state, it shall be necessary or proper to prove the signature or the handwriting of any person, it shall be competent to introduce in evidence for the purpose of comparison, any specimen or specimens of the handwriting or signature of such person, admitted or proved to the satisfaction of the court to be genuine, whether or not the paper on which such handwriting or signature appears is one admissible in evidence or connected with the case or not. If such paper is not one admissible in evidence for some other purpose, or connected with the case, it shall not be admissible in evidence for the purpose of comparison unless it was made before the controversy arose concerning which such suit or proceeding was brought. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2145 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2145 - Open Account or Account Stated; Proof, Counterclaim.

600.2145 Open account or account stated; proof, counterclaim. Sec. 2145.  In all actions brought in any of the courts of this state, to recover the amount due on an open account or upon an account stated, if the plaintiff or someone in his behalf makes an affidavit of the amount due, as near as he can estimate the same, over and above all legal counterclaims and annexes thereto a copy of said account, and cause a copy of said affidavit and account to be served upon the defendant, with a copy of the complaint filed in the cause or with the process by which such action is commenced, such affidavit shall be deemed prima facie evidence of such indebtedness, unless the defendant with his answer, by himself or agent, makes an affidavit and serves a copy thereof on the plaintiff or his attorney, denying the same. If the defendant in any action gives notice, with his answer of a counterclaim founded upon an open account, or upon an account stated, and annexes to such answer and notice a copy of such account, and an affidavit made by himself or by someone in his behalf, showing the amount or balance claimed by the defendant upon such account, and that such amount or balance is justly owing and due to the defendant, or that he is justly entitled to have such account, or said balance thereof, set off against the claim made by said plaintiff, and serves a copy of such account and affidavit, with a copy of such answer and notice, upon the plaintiff or his attorney, such affidavit shall be deemed prima facie evidence of such counterclaim, and of the plaintiff's liability thereon, unless the plaintiff, or someone in his behalf, within 10 days after such service in causes in the circuit court, and before trial in other cases, makes an affidavit denying such account or some part thereof, and the plaintiff's indebtedness or liability thereon and serves a copy thereof upon the defendant or his attorney, and in case of a denial of part of such counterclaim, the defendant's affidavit shall be deemed to be prima facie evidence of such part of the counterclaim as is not denied by the plaintiff's affidavit. Any affidavit in this section mentioned shall be deemed sufficient if the same is made within 10 days next preceding the issuing of the writ or filing of the complaint or answer. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2146 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2146 - Writing or Record Made in Regular Course of Business; Reproduction Admissible in Evidence; Other Circumstances; Lack of Entry; Reproduction as Evidence.

600.2146 Writing or record made in regular course of business; reproduction admissible in evidence; other circumstances; lack of entry; reproduction as evidence. Sec. 2146.  A writing or record, whether in the form of an entry in a book or otherwise, made as a memorandum of an act, transaction, occurrence, or event is admissible in evidence in a proceeding in a court or before an officer, arbitrator, or referee in proof of the act, transaction, occurrence, or event if it was made in the regular course of business and it was the regular course of business to make such a memorandum at the time of, or within a reasonable time after, the act, transaction, occurrence, or event. Other circumstances of the making of the writing or record, including lack of personal knowledge by the entrant or maker, may be shown to affect its weight but not its admissibility. The term "business" includes a business, profession, occupation, or calling of any kind. The lack of an entry regarding an act, transaction, occurrence, or event in a writing or record so proved may be received as evidence that the act, transaction, occurrence, or event did not, in fact, take place. A reproduction of such a writing or record is admissible in evidence in a trial, hearing, or proceeding by order of the court, made within its discretion, upon motion with notice of not less than 4 days. All circumstances of the making of the reproduction may be shown upon the trial, hearing, or proceeding to affect the weight but not the admissibility of the evidence. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 192, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992
MI Comp L § 600.2147 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2147 - Business Record Prepared or Entered in Regular Course of Business; Reproduction as Evidence; Delivery of Copy to Adverse Party.

600.2147 Business record prepared or entered in regular course of business; reproduction as evidence; delivery of copy to adverse party. Sec. 2147.  Notwithstanding any law of this state to the contrary, an individual, firm, association, or corporation may introduce in evidence at a trial or hearing before a court, officer, arbiter, referee, board, or tribunal, a reproduction of a business record of the individual or institution prepared or entered in the regular course of business, the original of which would be admissible in evidence, including an existing record and including, but not by way of limitation, a check, bill, note, acceptance, or other type of commercial instrument, passbook, deposit slip, or statement furnished to depositors, whether or not the individual or institution regularly so reproduces any or all of such business records. The reproduction shall be in a medium pursuant to the records media act or consist of a printout or other output readable by sight from such a medium. The reproduction, if accompanied by the certificate of the individual or his or her employee or agent, or of the officer, agent, or employee of the firm, association, or corporation who supervised the making of the reproduction to the effect that the reproduction when made was a true, full, and complete reproduction of the original, shall be received as evidence at the trial or hearing with the same force and effect as though the original document were produced. However, the court, officer, arbiter, referee, board, or tribunal may in its discretion require that the original document be produced in evidence, and may also require the taking of testimony of the person who supervised the making of the reproduction. The reproduction is admissible only if the party offering it delivers a copy of it, or of so much of it as may relate to the controversy, to the adverse party a reasonable time before trial, unless in the opinion of the trial court, officer, arbiter, referee, board, or tribunal the adverse party has not been unfairly surprised by the failure to deliver the copy. Nevertheless, such a reproduction need not be submitted to the adverse party as herein prescribed unless the original instrument would be required to be so submitted. If necessary, the reproduction may be offered in evidence by the use of a projector or other similar device. All circumstances surrounding the making of the reproduction may be shown upon the trial, hearing, or proceeding for the purpose of affecting the weight but not the admissibility of the evidence. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 192, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992
MI Comp L § 600.2148 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2148 - Reproduced Records of Business Firms; Disposal of Original Record; Admissibility of Reproduction in Evidence; “Person” Defined.

600.2148 Reproduced records of business firms; disposal of original record; admissibility of reproduction in evidence; “person” defined. Sec. 2148.  (1) A person, firm, or corporation engaged in business may cause records kept by the business to be reproduced pursuant to the records media act, and the business may then dispose of the original record.  (2) A reproduction in a medium pursuant to the records media act under subsection (1) or a reproduction consisting of a printout or other output readable by sight from such a medium is considered to be an original record for all purposes and shall be treated as an original record in a court or administrative agency for the purpose of its admissibility in evidence. A facsimile, exemplification, enlargement, or certified copy of such a reproduction, for all purposes, is considered a facsimile, exemplification, or certified copy of the original record.  (3) For purposes of this section, "person" means an individual, association, firm, partnership, company, or corporation. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1964, Act 244, Eff. Aug. 28, 1964 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 192, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992
MI Comp L § 600.2149 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2149 - Loss of Instrument; Proof and Disproof.

600.2149 Loss of instrument; proof and disproof. Sec. 2149.  Whenever a party to any instrument shall have been permitted to prove by his own oath the loss of any instrument, in order to admit other proof of the contents thereof, the adverse party may also be examined by the court on oath, to disprove such loss, and to account for such instrument. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2150 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2150 - Repealed. 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964.

600.2150 Repealed. 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to suit founded on lost negotiable bill or note.
MI Comp L § 600.2151 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2151 - Admission of Member of Corporation as Evidence.

600.2151 Admission of member of corporation as evidence. Sec. 2151.  In suits by or against a corporation, the admission of any member thereof not named on the record as a party to such suit shall not be received as evidence against such corporation, unless such admission was made concerning some transaction in which such member was the authorized agent of such corporation. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2152 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2152 - Mental Competency of Testator; Presumption.

600.2152 Mental competency of testator; presumption. Sec. 2152.  In proceedings for the probate of wills, it shall not be necessary for the proponent in the first instance to introduce any proof to show the competency of the decedent to make a will, but the like presumption of mental competency shall obtain as in other cases. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963