reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 40-13-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 1 - Uniform Traffic Citation and Complaint Form|§ 40-13-2. System of Accountability; Procedures for Use and Issuance

 The Board of Public Safety, by rule and regulation, shall establish a system of accountability for all traffic citations and complaints, and it shall also provide the procedures governing the use and issuance of such citations and complaints.   (Ga. L. 1972, p. 1148, § 3.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 7A Am. Jur. 2d, Automobiles and Highway Traffic, § 15 et seq.
GA Code § 40-13-2.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 1 - Uniform Traffic Citation and Complaint Form|§ 40-13-2.1. Signature on Citations Required; Effect of Failure to Sign; Exemption for Out-of-State Drivers; Electronic Capture of Signature

  A person who is issued a citation as provided in this chapter or Code Section 17-6-11, relating to display of driver's license in lieu of bail, shall sign the citation to acknowledge receipt of the citation and of his or her obligation to appear for trial. The officer shall advise the person that signing the citation is not an admission of guilt and that failure to sign will result in the person having to post a cash bond. If the person refuses to sign the citation, it shall constitute reasonable cause to believe that the person will not appear at trial and the officer may bring the person before a judicial officer or traffic violations bureau to post a bond as is otherwise provided by law.   The provisions of subsection (a) of Code Section 17-6-11 shall not apply to a person in possession of a driver's license issued by a state or foreign country or political subdivision of a foreign country that has not entered into a reciprocal agreement regarding the operation of motor vehicles with this state as provided in Chapter 5 of Title 40, which provides for the suspension of a driver's license by the other state or foreign country or political subdivision of a foreign country of a person who fails to appear for trial of a traffic offense committed in this state.   The signature of any person to whom a citation is issued may be captured electronically.     (Code 1981, §40-13-2.1, enacted by Ga. L. 2000, p. 1313, § 5; Ga. L. 2010, p. 932, § 25/HB 396; Ga. L. 2020, p. 199, § 2-5/HB 463.)    The 2020 amendment,  effective June 30, 2020, inserted "or political subdivision of a foreign country" twice in subsection (b).
GA Code § 40-13-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 1 - Uniform Traffic Citation and Complaint Form|§ 40-13-4. Fees of Officers

 Nothing contained in this article shall be construed to prohibit or to deny to any officer or official of any court any fees prescribed for his duties and services in connection with the offenses provided for in this article.   (Ga. L. 1972, p. 1148, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 7A Am. Jur. 2d, Automobiles and Highway Traffic, § 141. 20 Am. Jur. 2d, Courts, §§ 54, 55.
GA Code § 40-13-20 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 2 - Arrests, Trials, and Appeals|§ 40-13-20. "Municipal Courts" Defined

 As used in this article, the term "municipal courts" shall be construed to include municipal courts of the incorporated municipalities of this state.   (Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 3; Ga. L. 1987, p. 3, § 40; Ga. L. 1994, p. 604, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - Use of medical marijuana as defense to driving offense or challenge to search of motor vehicle and occupants, 43 A.L.R.7th Art. 4.
GA Code § 40-13-22 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 2 - Arrests, Trials, and Appeals|§ 40-13-22. Jurisdiction Over Offenses Under Code Section 40-2-8

  Notwithstanding any provision of the law to the contrary, any person, firm, or corporation charged with an offense under Code Section 40-2-8 may be tried in any municipal court of any municipality if the offense occurred within the corporate limits of such municipality. Such courts are granted the jurisdiction to try and dispose of such cases. The jurisdiction of such courts shall be concurrent with the jurisdiction of any other courts within the county having jurisdiction to try and dispose of such cases. Any fines and bond forfeitures arising from the prosecution of such cases shall be retained by the municipality and shall be paid into the treasury of such municipality. Any person, firm, or corporation charged with any offense under this Code section shall be entitled to request to have the case against him transferred to the court having general misdemeanor jurisdiction in the county wherein the alleged offense occurred.   Nothing in this Code section shall be construed to give any municipality the right to impose a fine or punish by imprisonment in excess of the limits as set forth in the municipality's charter.    (Ga. L. 1931, p. 213, § 2; Code 1933, § 68-9901; Ga. L. 1977, p. 1039, § 1; Ga. L. 1987, p. 3, § 40; Ga. L. 2015, p. 693, § 3-32/HB 233.)   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2015, p. 693, § 4-1/HB 233, not codified by the General Assembly, provides that: "This Act shall become effective July 1, 2015, and shall apply to seizures of property for forfeiture that occur on or after that date. Any such seizure that occurs before July 1, 2015, shall be governed by the statute in effect at the time of such seizure."   Law reviews.   - For article on the 2015 amendment of this Code section, see 32 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 1 (2015).   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL    Probate court is without jurisdiction  to try the offense of operating a motor vehicle with expired license tags. 1958-59 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 67.    Former Code 1933, § 68.9901 (see now O.C.G.A. § 40-13-22) was not a traffic law of Georgia, but rather was part of the revenue statutes of the state and hence the probate court would have no jurisdiction to try offenses under such section. 1958-59 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 67.
GA Code § 40-13-24 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 2 - Arrests, Trials, and Appeals|§ 40-13-24. Indictment or Accusation Not Required; Docket

 An indictment or accusation shall not be required against a defendant under this article, but a citation and complaint specifically setting out the charge shall be issued. The court shall keep a docket on which shall be plainly kept the name and address of the defendant, the nature of the offense in brief, the date when brought before the court, and the final disposition of the case with the date thereof. Such docket shall be the same in each probate court handling traffic misdemeanor cases and shall be on a form to be prescribed by the Department of Law. Such docket shall be paid for from the treasury of the county in which such court is located. Municipal courts may use the dockets ordinarily in use by them in the trial of other cases or, in the discretion of the court, may adopt the docket provided in this Code section for probate courts.   (Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 6; Ga. L. 1987, p. 3, § 40.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Costs permitted for entering case on docket.    - An ordinary (now probate judge) who tries cases arising out of the violation of traffic laws shall be allowed the fee provided for by Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 5 (see now O.C.G.A. § 40-13-25) when the ordinary (now probate judge) enters a case on the docket pursuant to the ordinary's duties as set forth in Ga. L. 1937, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 6 (see now O.C.G.A. § 40-13-24). 1968 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 68-213.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 8 Am. Jur. 2d, Automobiles and Highway Traffic, §§ 984, 985, 995. 62B Am. Jur. 2d, Process, § 1.   C.J.S.   - 21 C.J.S., Courts, §§ 239, 308.
GA Code § 40-13-25 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 2 - Arrests, Trials, and Appeals|§ 40-13-25. Costs

 The costs in any case disposed of under this article shall be as provided in Code Section 15-9-60. In case a defendant refuses to waive a trial by jury and is bound over to another court, the costs shall await the final disposition of the case.   (Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 5.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Ordinary allowed fee for entering case on docket.    - Ordinary (now probate judge) who tries cases arising out of the violation of traffic laws shall be allowed a fee when the ordinary enters a case on the docket pursuant to the ordinary's duties as set forth in Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 6. 1968 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 68-213 (see now O.C.G.A. § 40-13-24).    Justice of the peace is entitled to costs for the issuance of a warrant.  1948-49 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 49.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 20 Am. Jur. 2d, Costs, § 1 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 21 C.J.S., Courts, § 239.
GA Code § 40-13-27 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 2 - Arrests, Trials, and Appeals|§ 40-13-27. Records to Be Kept

 A written record is required to be kept of every case made or disposed of under this article. Such record shall be accessible at all times for public inspection and official audit and shall be kept and remain as a part of the permanent records of the court.   (Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 558, § 8.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Purpose of section.    - Under O.C.G.A. § 40-13-27, municipal traffic records must be accessible for public inspection. 1982 Op. Att'y Gen. No. U82-36.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 20 Am. Jur. 2d, Courts, §§ 22 et seq., 49 et seq., 59, 60.   C.J.S.   - 21 C.J.S., Courts, §§ 9, 307 et seq.
GA Code § 40-13-31 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 2 - Arrests, Trials, and Appeals|§ 40-13-31. Arresting Fees

 The sheriffs of the several counties of this state are entitled to an arresting fee, as provided by law, in every case in which the sheriff or his lawful deputy arrests, assists in arresting, or takes custody of any person charged with a crime who has been apprehended by an officer of the Georgia State Patrol and delivered to the sheriff or his lawful deputy. If the sheriff is upon a salary, the fee shall be paid into the county treasury.   (Ga. L. 1943, p. 571, § 1; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2785, § 29.)   Cross references.   - Abolition of fee system for compensation of sheriffs, § 15-16-19.    Procedure for bringing complaint that speed limit is being enforced by county or municipality primarily for collection of revenue rather than for purposes of public safety, § 40-6-9.   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 1992, "a" was inserted preceding "crime" in the first sentence.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    Cited in Sanders v. Wilkinson County, 69 Ga. App. 676, 26 S.E.2d 467 (1943).   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Fee when sheriff does not participate in arrest.   - Sheriff is not entitled to an arresting fee for an arrest made by the county police, when the sheriff does not participate in the arrest, but sheriffs are entitled to an arresting fee when the sheriffs assist in an arrest made by the Georgia State Patrol. 1945-47 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 96.    Sheriff is entitled to an arresting fee when the accused is arrested by a state patrolman  and delivered to the sheriff who accepts bond without confining the accused. 1954-56 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 115.   Arresting fees when offender could be brought before more than one court.    - Ga. L. 1943, p. 571, § 1 (see now O.C.G.A. § 40-13-31) would seem to contemplate that arresting fees would be the same regardless of which court an offender might be brought before when two or more courts have concurrent jurisdiction. 1963-65 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 300.
GA Code § 40-13-50 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-50. Establishment

 In every court of this state having jurisdiction over the violation of traffic laws or traffic ordinances, the judge, or the judges where there is more than one judge, may provide by written order for the establishment of a traffic violations bureau for the handling or disposition of certain traffic cases in substantial compliance with this article. The court shall promulgate and provide to the clerk of the traffic violations bureau a list of the traffic offenses which shall be handled and disposed of by the traffic violations bureau. However, nothing in this article shall authorize the judge of such court to employ any person or persons to administer this article.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 1; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2785, § 29.)
GA Code § 40-13-51 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-51. Appointment of Clerk or Deputy Clerk; Bond

  The court may appoint a clerk or deputy clerk or deputy clerks, who shall be named in the order establishing the traffic violations bureau, for the purpose of receiving money as provided in this article. Any deputy clerk so appointed shall be under the direct supervision of and attached to the office of the clerk of the court.   Such person or persons, except where such person is the clerk of the court and is already under bond, shall be bonded in the sum of $2,500.00.    (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 2.)
GA Code § 40-13-52 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-52. Traffic Offense Cards; Contents

 The court may, in its order, provide that there shall be maintained in the office of the traffic violations bureau cards known as "traffic offense cards." Upon each traffic offense card shall appear: the name and address of the person charged with a traffic offense; the date of the birth of such person; the sex of such person; and his driver's license number. The card shall be numbered so that it may show any previous traffic offense, giving the date of the offense, the trial date, the citation number, the disposition of the case, and the amount of any fine paid.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 5.)   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 1985, "person" was substituted for "persons" preceding "charged" in the second sentence.
GA Code § 40-13-53 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-53. Release of Arrested Person Upon Service of Citation and Complaint

  Subject to the exceptions set out in subsection (b) of this Code section, any officer who arrests any person for the violation of a traffic law or traffic ordinance alleged to have been committed outside the corporate limits of any municipality shall permit such person to be released upon being served with a citation and complaint and agreeing to appear, as provided in this article.If such officer has reasonable and probable grounds to believe that the person will not obey such citation and agreement to appear, the officer may require such person to surrender his driver's license in accordance with Code Section 17-6-11.   The following offenses shall not be handled or disposed of by a traffic violations bureau:   Any offense for which a driver's license may be suspended by the commissioner of driver services;   Any motor vehicle registration violation;   A violation of Code Section 40-5-20;   Speeding in excess of 30 miles per hour over the posted speed limit; or   Any offense which would otherwise be a traffic violations bureau offense but which arose out of the same conduct or occurred in conjunction with an offense which is excluded from the jurisdiction of the traffic violations bureau. Any such offense shall be subject to the maximum punishment set by law.      (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 3; Ga. L. 1983, p. 1000, § 16; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2785, § 29; Ga. L. 2000, p. 951, § 7A-4; Ga. L. 2005, p. 334, § 22-5/HB 501.)
GA Code § 40-13-54 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-54. Disposition of Original and Copies of Citation and Complaint

 The original citation and complaint shall be sent by the officer issuing it to the traffic violations bureau of the court within 24 hours of the arrest. The defendant named in the citation shall be given the second copy. The officer issuing the citation and complaint shall retain one copy for himself or herself, and the court may, by order, provide that an additional copy shall be made for the use of any municipality in the county or the Department of Driver Services.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, §§ 7, 8; Ga. L. 2000, p. 951, § 7A-5; Ga. L. 2005, p. 334, § 22-6/HB 501.)
GA Code § 40-13-55 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-55. Cash Bonds Permitted

 Any person cited for any traffic offense under the jurisdiction of the traffic violations bureau of the court shall be permitted to give a cash bond for his appearance under the terms and conditions as set forth upon the citation and complaint given to him at the time he is cited by the arresting officer for a traffic violation.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 10.)   Cross references.   - Acceptance of cash bonds for traffic violations generally, § 17-6-5.    Display of driver's license in lieu of incarceration, formal recognizance, or bail by persons arrested for traffic violations, § 17-6-11.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Effect of failure to appear.    - Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 10 (see now O.C.G.A. § 40-13-55) does not convert bond forfeiture into criminal convictions, but merely establishes that in the event of a failure to appear in court, the bond will be forfeited and the failure construed as an admission of guilt. Duncan v. Ricketts, 232 Ga. 89, 205 S.E.2d 274 (1974).   Traffic violation not considered felony.    - Because a traffic violation under the jurisdiction of the traffic violations bureau cannot be considered as a misdemeanor, it follows that the violation cannot be construed to be a felony. Duncan v. Ricketts, 232 Ga. 89, 205 S.E.2d 274 (1974).
GA Code § 40-13-56 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-56. Officer Not to Accept Cash Bond

 No officer giving a citation and complaint to a defendant for a traffic violation shall accept a cash bond himself.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 11.)
GA Code § 40-13-57 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-57. Taking of Cash Bond Where Officer Doubts That Arrested Person Will Appear

 In the event an officer has authority to issue citation and complaint as set forth in Code Section 40-13-53 but declines to do so because of his belief that such person will not obey the citation and agreement to appear, such officer may bring such person to the traffic violations bureau and such person may be allowed to post a cash bond for his appearance in accordance with the schedule established by the court.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 4; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2785, § 29.)
GA Code § 40-13-58 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-58. Failure to Appear After Giving Cash Bond as Admission of Guilt; Forfeiture of Bond; Order to Stand Trial Not Precluded

 Where a defendant cited for a traffic violation posts a cash bond according to the schedule set up by court order and fails to appear in court at the term of court and on the day set in the original citation and complaint, then and in that event, such failure shall be construed as an admission of guilt and the cash bond may be forfeited without the necessity for the statutory procedure provided for the forfeiture of statutory bail bonds. A judgment of guilty may be entered accordingly, ordering the case disposed of and settled. The proceeds of the cash bond shall be applied and distributed as any fine imposed by said court would be. Nothing in this Code section shall be construed as preventing the judge from ordering the defendant to appear and stand trial.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 10.)
GA Code § 40-13-59 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-59. Records to Be Kept by Traffic Violations Bureau; Filing of Citation and Complaint; Time for Posting Cash Bond; When Bond Forfeited

  The traffic violations bureau of the court shall record on the prescribed form, as set out in Code Section 40-13-52, the driving record of the defendant. If there is no previous record of the driver's history, the citation appearing on the original citation and complaint shall be entered on the driver's traffic offense card; and each traffic offense thereafter shall be entered thereon, with the disposition thereof, up to a period of four years.   All the pending cases which appear on the citation and complaint issued by the arresting officer, as provided for in this article, shall be filed at the cashier's desk in the traffic violations bureau of the court and shall be retained there up until 72 hours, or such other period of time as the judge shall fix by order, prior to the time the case is set for trial in the court. If cash bond is posted according to the schedules prescribed by order of the judge at any time up to 72 hours, or such other period of time as the judge shall fix by order, prior to the date of the court appearance, as specified in the citation and complaint, the same shall be entered on the driver's traffic offense card and an entry shall be made thereon that the driver has posted a cash bond.   Within 72 hours after the date set for a hearing in the court on the citation and complaint given, where the defendant has posted a cash bond and has failed to appear for the hearing, the court shall enter an order that the cash bond has been forfeited in accordance with this article. Such order shall be recorded on the back of the citation and complaint which is maintained in the traffic violations bureau of the court and shall also be recorded on the defendant's traffic offense card.    (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 11.)
GA Code § 40-13-60 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 40 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic|Chapter 13 - Prosecution of Traffic Offenses|Article 3 - Traffic Violations Bureaus|§ 40-13-60. Disposition of Traffic Violations; Jurisdiction of Bureau

 Any traffic violation under the jurisdiction of the traffic violations bureau shall be characterized and classified as a traffic violation and shall not be considered as a misdemeanor. Whenever any traffic violation is transferred from another court to a court which has a traffic violations bureau, if such offense is classified as a traffic violation on the traffic violations bureau schedule of the receiving court, such violation shall be handled and disposed of by such traffic violations bureau.Where a defendant demands a trial on a traffic violation, it shall be tried before a judge of the court which established the traffic violations bureau. The request for a trial shall not result in a loss of jurisdiction by the traffic violations bureau.   (Ga. L. 1966, p. 381, § 12; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2785, § 29.)