reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-134 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-134 - Provisions Requiring Employment of Developer or Vendor to Effect Sale; Exception

    Any provision of a declaration or other instrument made pursuant to this title which requires the owner of a unit to engage or employ the developer or any subsidiary or affiliate of the developer for the purpose of effecting a sale or lease of any unit is void. Any provision of any contract for the sale of any unit which requires the purchaser to engage or employ the vendor or any subsidiary or affiliate of the vendor for the purpose of effecting a sale or lease of any unit is void. The provisions of this section apply to declarations, instruments and contracts made prior to and after July 1, 1974. The provisions of this section do not apply to a condominium that is occupied and used solely for nonresidential purposes.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-134.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-134.1 - Prohibited Provisions by Developers or Vendors of Condominiums

    (a)    In this section, “vendor” has the meaning stated in § 10–201 of this article.    (b)    This section does not apply to:        (1)    A unit that is occupied and used solely for nonresidential purposes;        (2)    An agreement or other instrument entered into by a developer or vendor and a council of unit owners for the purpose of settling a disputed claim after the date on which the unit owners, other than the developer and its affiliates, first elect a controlling majority of the members of the board of directors for the council of unit owners; or        (3)    An agreement or other instrument entered into by a developer or vendor and a unit owner for the purpose of settling a disputed claim after the date the unit is conveyed to the purchaser of the unit.    (c)    (1)    Any provision of a declaration, a bylaw, a contract for the initial sale of a unit to a member of the public, or any other instrument made by a developer or vendor in accordance with this title shall be unenforceable if the provision:            (i)    Shortens the statute of limitations applicable to any claim;            (ii)    Waives the application of the discovery rule or other accrual date applicable to a claim;            (iii)    Requires a unit owner or the council of unit owners to assert a claim subject to arbitration within a period of time that is shorter than the statute of limitations applicable to the claim; or            (iv)    Operates to prevent a unit owner or the council of unit owners from filing a lawsuit, initiating arbitration proceedings for a claim subject to arbitration, or otherwise asserting a claim within the statute of limitations applicable to the claim.        (2)    Paragraph (1) of this subsection applies only to a provision relating to any right of a unit owner or council of unit owners to bring a claim under applicable law alleging the failure to comply with:            (i)    Applicable building codes;            (ii)    Plans and specifications approved by a county or municipality;            (iii)    Manufacturer’s installation instructions; or            (iv)    Warranty provisions under § 10–203 of this article and § 11–131 of this title.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-139 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-139 - Local Government's Right to Purchase Units

    (a)    (1)    A county or an incorporated municipality may provide by local law or ordinance, that a unit in a rental facility occupied by a tenant entitled to receive the notice required by § 11-136 of this title may not be granted unless the county, incorporated municipality, or housing agency has first been offered in writing the right to purchase the unit at the same price and on the same terms and conditions initially offered for that unit to any other person. The local law or ordinance shall designate the title and mailing address of the person to whom the offer to the county, incorporated municipality or housing agency is to be delivered and the title of the person who may accept the offer on behalf of the county, incorporated municipality or housing agency.        (2)    The local law or ordinance shall provide that the offer to the county, incorporated municipality or housing agency shall be made at the same time an offer is made to a tenant of the unit under § 11-136 of this title. If a tenant accepts an offer of a unit made under § 11-136 of this title, then the rights of the county, incorporated municipality or housing agency to such unit under an offer made under this section, whether or not accepted, shall terminate.        (3)    Unless written acceptance of the offer is sooner delivered to the owner of the rental facility by the county, incorporated municipality or housing agency, the offer shall terminate, without further act, 120 days after it is delivered to the county, incorporated municipality or housing agency.    (b)    A county, incorporated municipality or housing agency may not accept an offer made under this section for any unit if that unit together with the aggregate of other units previously accepted or not accepted, subject to an extended lease by a designated family under § 11-136 of this title, exceeds 20 percent of the total number of units in the condominium.    (c)    If a grant for a unit contains an affidavit by the grantor that the provisions of any law or ordinance enacted under this section have been fulfilled, then the grantee in that grant takes title to the unit free and clear of all claims and rights of any county, incorporated municipality or housing agency under a local law or ordinance enacted under this section.    (d)    Within 30 days of the enactment of a law or ordinance under this section, the county or incorporated municipality shall forward a copy of the law or ordinance to the Secretary of State.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-139.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-139.1 - Electronic Transmission of Notice

    (a)    Notwithstanding language contained in the governing documents of a council of unit owners, the council of unit owners may provide notice of a meeting or deliver information to a unit owner by electronic transmission if:        (1)    The governing body of the council of unit owners gives the council of unit owners the authority to provide notice of a meeting or deliver information by electronic transmission;        (2)    The unit owner gives the council of unit owners prior written authorization to provide notice of a meeting or deliver information by electronic transmission; and        (3)    An officer or agent of the council of unit owners certifies in writing that the council of unit owners has provided notice of a meeting or delivered material or information as authorized by the unit owner.    (b)    Notice or delivery by electronic transmission shall be considered ineffective if:        (1)    The council of unit owners is unable to deliver two consecutive notices; and        (2)    The inability to deliver the electronic transmission becomes known to the person responsible for the sending of the electronic transmission.    (c)    The inadvertent failure to deliver notice by electronic transmission does not invalidate any meeting or other action.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-139.2 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-139.2 - Electronic Transmission of Votes or Proxies

    (a)    Notwithstanding language contained in the governing documents of the council of unit owners, the board of directors of the council of unit owners may authorize unit owners to submit a vote or proxy by electronic transmission if the electronic transmission contains information that verifies that the vote or proxy is authorized by the unit owner or the unit owner’s proxy.    (b)    If the governing documents of the council of unit owners require voting by secret ballot and the anonymity of voting by electronic transmission cannot be guaranteed, voting by electronic transmission shall be permitted if unit owners have the option of casting anonymous printed ballots.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-140 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-140 - Legislative Intent; Local Legislative Finding and Declaration of Rental Housing Emergency; Local Laws and Regulations to Meet Emergency; Copies

    (a)    The intent of the General Assembly of Maryland is to facilitate the orderly development of condominiums in Maryland. The General Assembly recognizes, however, that the conversion of rental dwellings to condominiums can have an adverse impact on the availability of rental units, resulting in the displacement of tenants.    (b)    A county or incorporated municipality may, by legislative finding, recognize and declare that a rental housing emergency exists in all or part of its jurisdiction and has been caused by the conversion of rental housing to condominiums. The jurisdiction shall consider and make findings as to:        (1)    The nature and incidence of condominium conversions;        (2)    The resulting hardship to and displacement of tenants; and        (3)    The scarcity of rental housing.      (c)    Upon finding and declaration of a rental housing emergency caused by the conversion of rental housing to condominiums, a county or an incorporated municipality may by the enactment of laws, ordinances, and regulations, take the following actions to meet the emergency:        (1)    Grant to a designated family as defined in § 11-137 of this title a right to an extended lease for a period in addition to that period provided for in § 11-137 of this title. The right to an extended lease may not, in any event, result in a requirement that a developer set aside for an extended lease more than 20 percent of the total number of units.        (2)    Otherwise extend any of the provisions of § 11-137 of this title except that:            (i)    More than 20 percent of the total number of units may not be required to be set aside; and            (ii)    The term of an extended lease for any family made a designated family by a county or an incorporated municipality may not exceed 3 years.        (3)    Require that the notice required to be given under § 11-102.1 of this title be altered to disclose the effects of any actions taken under this section.    (d)    Within 10 days of the enactment of a law, ordinance, or regulation under this section, a county or incorporated municipality shall forward a copy of the law, ordinance or regulation to the Secretary of State.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-141 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-141 - Title Additional and Supplemental

    (a)    The provisions of this title are in addition and supplemental to all other provisions of the public general laws, the public local laws, and any local enactment in the State.    (b)    If the words “single family residential unit”, “property”, “blocks”, or other designation denoting a unit of land, appear in the Code, the public local laws, or any local enactment, a reference to a condominium unit or regime, whichever is appropriate, is deemed inserted after these descriptive terms where appropriate to implement this title.    (c)    If the application of the provisions of this title conflict with the application of other provisions of the public general laws, public local laws, or any local enactment, in the State, the provisions of this title shall prevail.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-142 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-142 - Applicability to Existing Condominiums

    (a)    Except as otherwise provided in this section, this title is applicable to all condominiums. However, with respect to condominiums established before July 1, 1982, the declaration or master deed, bylaws, or condominium plat need not be amended to comply with the requirements of this title.    (b)    Except to the extent that the declaration or master deed, bylaws, or plat provide otherwise, §§ 11-114 and 11-123 of this title are applicable to all condominiums.    (c)    Unless the developer elects to conform to the requirements of § 11-120 of this title, § 11-120 of this title is not applicable to those condominiums created prior to July 1, 1974 under circumstances where the developer reserved the right to expand the condominium.    (d)    As to condominiums created prior to July 1, 1981, compliance with § 11-124 of this title as in effect on June 30, 1981, is deemed compliance with § 11-126 of this title as effective on July 1, 1981.    (e)    Section 11-133 of this title is applicable only to leases or management and similar contracts executed after July 1, 1974.    (f)    Sections 11-127, 11-131, 11-136, 11-137, 11-138, 11-139, and 11-140 of this title do not apply to the conversion of residential rental property for which a notice of intention to create a condominium was issued before July 1, 1981, if:        (1)    (i)    On or before March 15, 1982, units in the residential rental property have been publicly offered for sale as condominium units; and            (ii)    On or before March 15, 1982, 35 percent of the units in the residential rental property are under a contract to be sold pursuant to a bona fide, arm’s length transaction;        (2)    (i)    On or before March 15, 1982, the residential rental property has been subjected to a condominium regime, or, in the case of an expanding condominium, the residential rental property is shown on the condominium plat filed on or before March 15, 1982;            (ii)    Units in the condominium have been publicly offered for sale on or before April 15, 1982; and            (iii)    On or before May 15, 1982, at least 10 percent of the units in the condominium, or in the case of an expanding condominium, 10 percent of the total number of units to be contained in the condominium as fully expanded, are under a contract to be sold in a bona fide, arm’s length transaction; or        (3)    A developer or its affiliate entered into a contract to purchase the residential rental property between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 1980, and the developer or its affiliate does not meet the requirements of paragraph (1) or (2) of this subsection. Such a developer or its affiliate shall comply with §§ 11-136 and 11-137 of this title.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11-143 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11 - Maryland Condominium Act|Section 11-143 - Short Title

    This title may be cited as the Maryland Condominium Act.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11A-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11A - Maryland Real Estate Time-Sharing Act|Section 11A-102 - Time-Share Estate

    (a)    Except as otherwise provided in this title, the recordation of a time-share instrument creates a time-share estate either as a freehold estate or an estate for years, as specified in the time-share instrument.    (b)    A document transferring or encumbering a time-share estate shall be recorded among the land records of the county in which the unit is located and may not be rejected for recordation because of the nature or duration of that estate. A document transferring a time-share license may be recorded.    (c)    Each time-share estate constitutes, for purposes of title, a separate estate or interest in a unit.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11A-103 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11A - Maryland Real Estate Time-Sharing Act|Section 11A-103 - Time-Share Instrument

    A time-share instrument shall be recorded among the land records of every county in which any portion of the project is situated and shall contain in addition to other provisions required by this title the following:         (1)    The name of the county or counties in which the project is situated;        (2)    The legal description sufficient to identify the project with reasonable certainty and may include a street address;        (3)    When the project contains more than 1 unit, a time-share plat containing the information required by § 11-105(b) of this article, the identification and location of each time-share unit and the common elements, and a certificate from a professional land surveyor or property line surveyor that the plat and description in the time-share instrument are correct representations of the time-share project;        (4)    Identification of time periods by letter, name, number, or combination thereof;        (5)    Where applicable, the method whereby additional time-shares may be created or withdrawn from the time-share plan;        (6)    The portion of common expenses and any voting rights assigned to each time-share, if any, and the method for reallocation if time-shares are added to or withdrawn from the time-share plan;        (7)    Any restrictions on the use, occupancy, enjoyment, alteration, or alienation of time-shares;        (8)    A description of the amenities if any at the project made available for a time-share purchaser’s use and the ownership, care, and replacement thereof;        (9)    The length of time the time-shares are committed to the time-share plan and the status of title of time-share units at the end of the period of time;        (10)    The method of designating the insurance trustee required by § 11A-111 of this title;        (11)    A description and authorization of the methods, if any, by which the time-share documents may be enforced, including the collection of time-share expenses;        (12)    Specification of the events, including condemnation and damage or destruction, and the procedures by which the time-share plan may be terminated before the expiration of its full term and the consequences of such termination, including the manner in which the time-share project assets will be held and distributed among owners;        (13)    Provision for the amendment of the time-share instrument; and        (14)    If any of the time-shares are time-share licenses, a statement of what rights a time-share licensee will have if the license is terminated or a statement that such licensee will have no rights.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11A-104 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11A - Maryland Real Estate Time-Sharing Act|Section 11A-104 - Limitations on Time-Shares

    (a)    (1)    Time-shares may be created in any unit in existence before January 1, 1985 unless prohibited by a project instrument. If time-shares are not prohibited by the project instrument, the owners of at least 34 percent of the units in the project may sign and record a document among the land records of the county where the project is located, stating an intent to limit time-shares in the project, and referring to this section. Thereafter, no person or other entity may become a developer with respect to more than 1 unit in the project, but this limitation will not apply to units of which the developer was owner of record prior to the recording of the aforementioned document.        (2)    (i)    In this paragraph, “recorded covenants and restrictions” has the meaning stated in § 11B-101 of this article.            (ii)    The owners of property in a residential community governed by recorded covenants and restrictions may prohibit time-shares on any property subject to the recorded covenants and restrictions by amending the recorded covenants and restrictions by a vote of the owners in accordance with the majority requirements of the recorded covenants and restrictions.            (iii)    The provisions of subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph do not apply to an existing time-share unit in a project.    (b)    The limitations on time-shares created by the recording of a document as provided in subsection (a) of this section may be removed by the recordation among the land records of the county where the project is located of a document removing time-share limitations signed by owners of at least 80 percent of the units in the project.    (c)    For the purposes of signing a document provided for in subsection (a) or subsection (b) of this section, any person designated by the owners of a majority of the time-shares in a unit may sign as the owner of that unit unless the relevant time-share instrument provides otherwise.    (d)    All documents provided for in this section shall be under oath or affirmed under penalty of perjury.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  11A-105 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 11A - Maryland Real Estate Time-Sharing Act|Section 11A-105 - Provisions in Instrument Regarding Management and Maintenance of Projects and Units

    In addition to the requirements of § 11A–103 of this title, with respect to a time–share estate, the time–share instrument shall describe arrangements for the management and operation of the time–share estate project and for the maintenance, repair, and furnishing of time–share units in the project, which shall include provisions for the following:        (1)    Creation of an association;        (2)    Assessment and collection of time–share expenses;        (3)    Employment and termination of the managing entity for the time–share estate project. No agreement between the developer and the managing entity shall be longer than 2 years;        (4)    Preparation and dissemination to time–share estate owners of an annual budget, operating statements, and other financial information concerning the time–share project;        (5)    Adoption of standards and rules of conduct for the use, enjoyment, and occupancy of units by the time–share estate owners. Unless otherwise provided in a project instrument, a time–share estate owner’s right of access to the time–share estate project shall be limited to the time period in his time–share;        (6)    Comprehensive general liability insurance for death, bodily injury, and property damage arising out of, or in connection with, the use and enjoyment of units by time–share estate owners, their guests, and other users. The insurance required by this paragraph shall be in addition to the insurance required by § 11A–111 of this title. The developer shall pay the costs of securing and maintaining the insurance until the developer control period ends, after which time the costs will be paid by the association. Nothing herein shall be construed to obligate the developer to secure insurance on the conduct, personal effects, or property of the time–share estate owners, their guests, and other users;        (7)    Compensation or alternate use periods to a time–share estate owner if his contracted–for unit cannot be made available for the period to which the owner is entitled by schedule or by confirmed reservation;        (8)    Procedures for imposing a monetary penalty or suspension of a time–share estate owner’s rights and privileges in the time–share estate project for failure of such owner to comply with the provisions of the time–share instrument or the rules and regulations of the association. Under these procedures, a time–share estate owner must be given notice and the opportunity to refute the charges against him in person or in writing to the board of directors of the association before a decision to impose discipline is rendered; and        (9)    Employment of attorneys, accountants, and other persons as necessary to assist in the management of the time–share estate project.