reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Corp Code § 163.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 163.1.

163.1.  For purposes of subdivision (b) of Section 500 and subdivision (b) of Section 506, “cumulative dividends in arrears” means only cumulative dividends that have not been paid as required on a scheduled payment date set forth in, or determined pursuant to, the articles of incorporation, regardless of whether those dividends had been declared prior to that scheduled payment date.(Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 203, Sec. 1. (AB 571) Effective January 1, 2012.)
CA Corp Code § 164 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 164.

164.  “Directors” means natural persons designated in the articles as such or elected by the incorporators and natural persons designated, elected or appointed by any other name or title to act as directors, and their successors.(Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 641.)
CA Corp Code § 165 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 165.

165.  “Disappearing corporation” means a constituent corporation which is not the surviving corporation.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 165.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 165.5.

165.5.  “Disappearing limited partnership” means a constituent limited partnership which is not the surviving limited partnership.(Added by Stats. 1993, Ch. 543, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 1994.)
CA Corp Code § 166 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 166.

166.  “Distribution to its shareholders” means the transfer of cash or property by a corporation to its shareholders without consideration, whether by way of dividend or otherwise, except a dividend in shares of the corporation, or the purchase or redemption of its shares for cash or property, including the transfer, purchase, or redemption by a subsidiary of the corporation. The time of any distribution by way of dividend shall be the date of declaration thereof and the time of any distribution by purchase or redemption of shares shall be the date cash or property is transferred by the corporation, whether or not pursuant to a contract of an earlier date; provided, that where a debt obligation that is a security (as defined in Section 8102 of the Commercial Code) is issued in exchange for shares the time of the distribution is the date when the corporation acquires the shares in the exchange. In the case of a sinking fund payment, cash or property is transferred within the meaning of this section at the time that it is delivered to a trustee for the holders of preferred shares to be used for the redemption of the shares or physically segregated by the corporation in trust for that purpose. “Distribution to its shareholders” shall not include (a) satisfaction of a final judgment of a court or tribunal of appropriate jurisdiction ordering the rescission of the issuance of shares, (b) the rescission by a corporation of the issuance of it shares, if the board determines (with any director who is, or would be, a party to the transaction not being entitled to vote) that (1) it is reasonably likely that the holder or holders of the shares in question could legally enforce a claim for the rescission, (2) that the rescission is in the best interests of the corporation, and (3) the corporation is likely to be able to meet its liabilities (except those for which payment is otherwise adequately provided) as they mature, or (c) the repurchase by a corporation of its shares issued by it pursuant to Section 408, if the board determines (with any director who is, or would be, a party to the transaction not being entitled to vote) that (1) the repurchase is in the best interests of the corporation and that (2) the corporation is likely to be able to meet its liabilities (except those for which payment is otherwise adequately provided) as they mature.(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 497, Sec. 26. Effective January 1, 1997.)
CA Corp Code § 167 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 167.

167.  “Domestic corporation” means a corporation formed under the laws of this state.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 167.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 167.3.

167.3.  “Domestic limited liability company” means a limited liability company as defined in subdivision (t) of Section 17000.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1200, Sec. 11. Effective September 30, 1994.)
CA Corp Code § 167.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 167.5.

167.5.  “Domestic limited partnership” means any limited partnership formed under the laws of this state.(Amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 495, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2007.)
CA Corp Code § 167.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 167.7.

167.7.  “Domestic other business entity” means an other business entity organized under the laws of this state.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1200, Sec. 12. Effective September 30, 1994.)
CA Corp Code § 167.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 167.8.

167.8.  “Disappearing other business entity” means a constituent other business entity that is not the surviving other business entity.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1200, Sec. 13. Effective September 30, 1994.)
CA Corp Code § 168 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 168.

168.  “Equity security” in Sections 181, 1001, 1113, 1200, and 1201 means any share or membership of a domestic or foreign corporation; any partnership interest, membership interest, or equivalent equity interest in an other business entity; and any security convertible with or without consideration into, or any warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing.(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 437, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Corp Code § 169 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 169.

169.  “Filed”, unless otherwise expressly provided, means filed in the office of the Secretary of State.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 170 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 170.

170.  “Foreign association” means a business association organized as a trust under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 171 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.

171.  “Foreign corporation” means any corporation other than a domestic corporation and, when used in Section 191, Section 201, Section 2203, Section 2258 and Section 2259 and Chapter 21, includes a foreign association, unless otherwise stated. “Foreign corporation” as used in Chapter 21 does not include a corporation or association chartered under the laws of the United States.(Amended by Stats. 1977, Ch. 235.)
CA Corp Code § 171.03 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.03.

171.03.  “Foreign limited liability company” means a foreign limited liability company as defined in subdivision (j) of Section 17701.02.(Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 419, Sec. 5. (SB 323) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 32 of Ch. 419.)
CA Corp Code § 171.05 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.05.

171.05.  “Foreign limited partnership” means any limited partnership, including a limited liability limited partnership, formed under the laws of any state other than this state or of the District of Columbia or under the laws of a foreign country.(Amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 495, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 2007.)
CA Corp Code § 171.07 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.07.

171.07.  “Foreign other business entity” means an other business entity organized under the laws of any state, other than this state, or of the District of Columbia or under the laws of a foreign country.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1200, Sec. 15. Effective September 30, 1994.)
CA Corp Code § 171.08 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.08.

171.08.  “Social purpose corporation” means any social purpose corporation formed under Division 1.5 (commencing with Section 2500).(Amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 694, Sec. 3. (SB 1301) Effective January 1, 2015.)
CA Corp Code § 171.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.1.

171.1.  “Initial transaction statement” means a statement signed by or on behalf of the issuer sent to the new registered owner or registered pledgee, and “written statements,” when used in connection with uncertificated securities, means the written statements that are periodically, or at the request of the registered owner or registered pledgee, sent by the issuer to the registered owner or registered pledgee describing the issue of which the uncertificated security is a part.(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 497, Sec. 27. Effective January 1, 1997.)
CA Corp Code § 171.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.3.

171.3.  “Limited liability company” means a limited liability company as defined in subdivision (k) of Section 17701.02.(Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 419, Sec. 6. (SB 323) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 32 of Ch. 419.)
CA Corp Code § 171.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 171.5.

171.5.  “Limited partnership” means a partnership formed by two or more persons and having one or more general partners and one or more limited partners, or their equivalents under any name.(Added by Stats. 1993, Ch. 543, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 1994.)
CA Corp Code § 172 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 172.

172.  “Liquidation price” or “liquidation preference” means amounts payable on shares of any class upon voluntary or involuntary dissolution, winding up or distribution of the entire assets of the corporation, including any cumulative dividends accrued and unpaid, in priority to shares of another class or classes.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 173 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 173.

173.  “Officers’ certificate” means a certificate signed and verified by the chairperson of the board, the president or any vice president and by the secretary, the chief financial officer, the treasurer or any assistant secretary or assistant treasurer.(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 98, Sec. 2. (SB 351) Effective January 1, 2016.)
CA Corp Code § 174 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 174.

174.  “On the certificate” means that a statement appears on the face of a share certificate or on the reverse thereof with a reference thereto on the face or, in the case of an uncertificated security, that the applicable provisions of subdivision (a) of Section 8202 and Section 8204 of the Commercial Code have been complied with.(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 497, Sec. 28. Effective January 1, 1997.)
CA Corp Code § 174.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 174.5.

174.5.  “Other business entity” means a domestic or foreign limited liability company, limited partnership, general partnership, business trust, real estate investment trust, unincorporated association (other than a nonprofit association), or a domestic reciprocal insurer organized after 1974 to provide medical malpractice insurance as set forth in Article 16 (commencing with Section 1550) of Chapter 3 of Part 2 of Division 1 of the Insurance Code. As used herein, “general partnership” means a “partnership” as defined in subdivision (7) of Section 16101; “business trust” means a business organization formed as a trust; “real estate investment trust” means a “real estate investment trust” as defined in subsection (a) of Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended; and “unincorporated association” has the meaning set forth in Section 18035.(Amended by Stats. 2004, Ch. 178, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2005.)
CA Corp Code § 175 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 175.

175.  Except as used in Sections 1001, 1101, and 1113, a “parent” of a specified corporation is an affiliate in control (Section 160(a)) of that corporation directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries. In Sections 1001, 1101, and 1113, “parent” means a person in control (Section 160(b)) of a domestic corporation, a foreign corporation, or an other business entity.(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 437, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Corp Code § 176 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 176.

176.  “Preferred shares” means shares other than common shares.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 177 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 177.

177.  “Proper county” means the county where the principal executive office of the corporation is located or, if the principal executive office of the corporation is not located in this state, or the corporation has no such office, the County of Sacramento.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 178 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 178.

178.  “Proxy” means a written authorization signed or an electronic transmission authorized by a shareholder or the shareholder’s attorney in fact giving another person or persons power to vote with respect to the shares of such shareholder. “Signed” for the purpose of this section means the placing of the shareholder’s name or other authorization on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic, or electronic transmission or otherwise) by the shareholder or the shareholder’s attorney in fact.A proxy may be transmitted by an oral telephonic transmission if it is submitted with information from which it may be determined that the proxy was authorized by the shareholder, or his or her attorney in fact.(Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 308, Sec. 1.)
CA Corp Code § 179 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 179.

179.  “Proxyholder” means the person or persons to whom a proxy is given.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 180 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 180.

180.  “Redemption price” means the amount or amounts (in cash, property or securities, or any combination thereof) payable on shares of any class or series upon the redemption of the shares. Unless otherwise expressly provided, the redemption price is payable in cash.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 180.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 180.5.

180.5.  “Redomestication” means the transfer of an insurer’s place of incorporation from another state to this state or from this state to another state.(Added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 702, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1996.)
CA Corp Code § 181 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 181.

181.  “Reorganization” means either:(a) A merger pursuant to Chapter 11 (commencing with Section 1100) other than a short-form merger (a “merger reorganization”).(b) The acquisition by one domestic corporation, foreign corporation, or other business entity in exchange, in whole or in part, for its equity securities (or the equity securities of a domestic corporation, a foreign corporation, or an other business entity which is in control of the acquiring entity) of equity securities of another domestic corporation, foreign corporation, or other business entity if, immediately after the acquisition, the acquiring entity has control of the other entity (an “exchange reorganization”).(c) The acquisition by one domestic corporation, foreign corporation, or other business entity in exchange in whole or in part for its equity securities (or the equity securities of a domestic corporation, a foreign corporation, or an other business entity which is in control of the acquiring entity) or for its debt securities (or debt securities of a domestic corporation, foreign corporation, or other business entity which is in control of the acquiring entity) which are not adequately secured and which have a maturity date in excess of five years after the consummation of the reorganization, or both, of all or substantially all of the assets of another domestic corporation, foreign corporation, or other business entity (a “sale-of-assets reorganization”).(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 437, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Corp Code § 182 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 182.

182.  “Reverse stock split” means the pro rata combination of all the outstanding shares of a class into a smaller number of shares of the same class by an amendment to the articles stating the effect on outstanding shares.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 183 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 183.

183.  “Series” of shares means those shares within a class which have the same rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions but which differ in one or more rights, preferences, privileges or restrictions from other shares within the same class. Certificated securities and uncertificated securities do not constitute different series if the only difference is certificated and uncertificated status.(Amended by Stats. 1986, Ch. 766, Sec. 9.)
CA Corp Code § 183.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 183.5.

183.5.  “Share exchange tender offer” means any acquisition by one corporation in exchange in whole or in part for its equity securities (or the equity securities of a corporation which is in control of the acquiring corporation) of shares of another corporation, other than an exchange reorganization (subdivision (b) of Section 181).(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 1116, Sec. 4. Effective September 30, 1989.)
CA Corp Code § 184 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 184.

184.  “Shares” means the units into which the proprietary interests in a corporation are divided in the articles.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 185 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 185.

185.  “Shareholder” means one who is a holder of record of shares.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 186 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 186.

186.  “Shareholders’ agreement” means a written agreement among all of the shareholders of a close corporation, or if a close corporation has only one shareholder between such shareholder and the corporation, as authorized by subdivision (b) of Section 300.(Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 641.)
CA Corp Code § 187 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 187.

187.  “Short-form merger” means a merger pursuant to Section 1110.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 188 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 188.

188.  “Stock split” means the pro rata division, otherwise than by a share dividend, of all the outstanding shares of a class into a greater number of shares of the same class by an amendment to the articles stating the effect on outstanding shares.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 189 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 189.

189.  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), “subsidiary” of a specified corporation means a corporation shares of which possessing more than 50 percent of the voting power are owned directly or indirectly through one or more subsidiaries by the specified corporation.(b) For the purpose of Section 703, “subsidiary” of a specified corporation means a corporation shares of which possessing more than 25 percent of the voting power are owned directly or indirectly through one or more subsidiaries as defined in subdivision (a) by the specified corporation.(Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 641.)