reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 55.1-1406 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1406. Grantees and assignees have same rights against lessees as lessors

A grantee or assignee of any land leased, or of the reversion thereof, and his heirs, personal representative, or assigns, shall enjoy against the lessee, and his heirs, personal representative, or assigns, the like advantage, by action or entry for any forfeiture or by action upon any covenant or promise in the lease that the grantor, assignor, or lessor, or his heirs, might have enjoyed.2017, c. 730, § 55-217.1; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1407 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1407. Lessees have same rights against grantees as against lessors

A lessee, his personal representative, or his assigns may have against a grantee or alienee of the reversion, or of any part of such reversion, his heirs, or his assigns the like benefit of any condition, covenant, or promise in the lease as he could have had against the lessor himself and his heirs and assigns, except the benefit of any warranty, in deed or law.Code 1919, § 5513; Code 1950, § 55-218; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1408 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1408. What powers to pass to grantee or devisee; when attornment unnecessary

In conveyances or devises of rents in fee, with powers of distress and reentry, or either of them, such powers shall pass to the grantee or devisee without express words. A grant or devise of a rent, or of a reversion or remainder, is good and effectual without attornment of the tenant, but no tenant who, before notice of the grant, paid the rent to the grantor shall suffer any damage as a result of such payment.Code 1919, § 5514; Code 1950, § 55-220; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1409 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1409. When attornment void

The attornment of a tenant to any stranger is void, unless it is with the consent of the landlord of such tenant or pursuant to or in consequence of the judgment or order of a court.Code 1919, § 5515; Code 1950, § 55-221; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1410 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1410. Notice to terminate a tenancy in nonresidential rental property; notice of change in use of multifamily residential building

A. A year-to-year tenancy in a nonresidential rental property may be terminated by either party giving three months' notice, in writing, prior to the end of any year of the tenancy, of his intention to terminate the same. A month-to-month tenancy may be terminated by either party giving 30 days' notice in writing, prior to the next rent due date, of his intention to terminate the same, unless the rental agreement provides for a different notice period. Written notice of termination shall be given in accordance with this chapter or the lease agreement.B. In addition to the termination rights set forth in subsection A, and notwithstanding the terms of the lease, the landlord may terminate a lease agreement in a multifamily residential building due to rehabilitation or a change in the use of all or any part of such building that contains at least four residential units, upon 120 days' prior written notice to the tenant. Changes in use shall include conversion to hotel, motel, apartment hotel, or other commercial use, planned unit development, substantial rehabilitation, demolition, or sale to a contract purchaser requiring an empty building. This 120-day notice requirement shall not be waived except in the case of a month-to-month tenancy, which may be terminated by the landlord by giving the tenant 30 days' written notice prior to the next rent due date of the landlord's intention to terminate the tenancy.The written notice required by this section to terminate a tenancy shall not be contained in the rental agreement or lease, but shall be a separate writing.Code 1919, § 5516; Code 1950, § 55-222; 1981, c. 155; 1986, c. 428; 1987, c. 473; 2004, c. 123; 2007, c. 634; 2013, c. 563; 2015, c. 596; 2017, c. 730; 2018, c. 221; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1411 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1411. Nonresidential buildings destroyed or lessee deprived of possession; covenant to pay rent or repair; reduction of rent

No covenant or promise by a lessee of nonresidential property to pay the rent, or that he will keep or leave the premises in good repair, shall have the effect, if the buildings on the premises are destroyed by fire or otherwise, in whole or in part, without fault or negligence on his part, or if he is deprived of the possession of the premises by the public enemy, of binding him to make such payment or repair or erect such buildings again, unless there are other words showing it to be the intent of the parties that he should be so bound. But in case of such destruction there shall be a reasonable reduction of the rent for such time as may elapse until there are again upon the premises buildings of as much value to the tenant for his purposes as what may have been so destroyed, and, in case of such deprivation of possession, a like reduction until possession of the premises is restored to him.Code 1919, § 5180; Code 1950, § 55-226; 2017, c. 730; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1412 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1412. Security systems for nonresidential rental property

No landlord of a premises used for nonresidential purposes shall unreasonably withhold or delay consent for the tenant to install security systems within such premises.1981, c. 81, § 55-226.1; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1413 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1413. Effect of failure of tenant in nonresidential rental property to vacate premises at expiration of term

A tenant from year-to-year, month-to-month, or other definite term in a nonresidential rental property shall not, by his mere failure to vacate the premises upon the expiration of the lease, be held as tenant for another term when such failure is not due to his willfulness, negligence, or other avoidable cause, but such tenant shall be liable to the lessor for use and occupation of the premises and also for any loss or damage sustained by the lessor because of such failure to surrender possession at the time stipulated.Code 1919, § 5517; Code 1950, § 55-223; 2017, c. 730; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1414 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1414. Abandonment of nonresidential rental property

If any tenant from whom rent is owing and unpaid abandons a nonresidential rental property and leaves such premises unoccupied, and if the tenant's personal property that is subject to distress is not sufficient to satisfy the rent owed, the lessor or his agent may post a written notice on a conspicuous part of the premises requiring the tenant to pay the rent within 10 days from the date of such notice, in the case of a monthly tenant, or within one month from the date of such notice, in the case of a yearly tenant. If the owed rent is not paid within the time specified in the notice, the lessor shall be entitled to possession of the premises and may enter the premises, and the right of such tenant to possess the premises shall terminate, but the landlord may recover the rent up to such termination.Code 1919, § 5518; Code 1950, § 55-224; 2017, c. 730; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1415 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1415. Failure to pay certain rents after five days' notice forfeits right of possession

If any tenant or lessee of nonresidential rental property who is in default in the payment of rent continues to be in default five days after receipt of written notice that requires possession of the premises or the payment of rent, such tenant or lessee forfeits his right to possession of the premises. In such case, the possession of the defendant may, at the option of the landlord or lessor, be deemed unlawful, and he may proceed to recover possession of the premises.The right to evict a tenant whose right of possession has been terminated in any nonresidential tenancy under this chapter may be effectuated by self-help eviction without further legal process so long as such eviction does not incite a breach of the peace. However, nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude termination of any nonresidential tenancy by the filing of an unlawful detainer action as provided by Article 13 (§ 8.01-124 et seq.) of Chapter 3 of Title 8.01, entry of an order of possession, and eviction pursuant to § 55.1-1416.Code 1919, § 5448; Code 1950, § 55-225; 2008, c. 489; 2018, c. 221; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1417 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1417. Who may recover rent or possession

Notwithstanding any rule of court to the contrary, (i) any person licensed under the provisions of § 54.1-2106.1, (ii) any property manager or the managing agent of a landlord as defined in § 55.1-1200 pursuant to the written property management agreement, or directors, or by a manager, a general partner, or a trustee, of a partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership, professional corporation, professional limited liability company, registered limited liability partnership, registered limited liability limited partnership, business trust, or family trust to sign pleadings as the agent of the business entity, may obtain a judgment (a) for possession in the general district court for the county or city in which the premises, or part thereof, is situated or (b) for rent or damages, including actual damages for breach of the rental agreement, or for final rent and damages under § 8.01-128, in any general district court where venue is proper under Chapter 5 (§ 8.01-257 et seq.) of Title 8.01, against any defendant if the person seeking such judgment had a contractual agreement with the landlord to manage the premises for which rent or possession is due and may prepare, execute, file, and have served on other parties in any general district court a warrant in debt, suggestion for summons in garnishment, garnishment summons, order of possession, writ of eviction, or writ of fieri facias arising out of a landlord-tenant relationship. However, the activities of any such person in court shall be limited by the provisions of § 16.1-88.03. However, nothing shall be construed as preventing a nonlawyer from requesting relief from the court as provided by law or statute when such nonlawyer is before the court on one of the actions specified herein.1983, c. 8, § 55-246.1; 1989, c. 612; 1998, c. 452; 2003, cc. 665, 667; 2004, cc. 338, 365; 2010, c. 550; 2013, c. 563; 2015, c. 190; 2018, c. 221; 2019, cc. 180, 477, 700, 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1418 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1418. Remedy when rent is to be paid in other thing than money

When goods are distrained or attached for rent reserved in a share of the crop, or in anything other than money, the claimant of the rent shall give the tenant 10 days' notice, and the claimant may then apply to the court to which the attachment is returnable, or the circuit court of the county or city in which the distress is made, to ascertain the value in money of the rent reserved and to order a sale of the goods distrained or attached. The tenant may make the same defenses that he could to a motion on a forfeited forthcoming bond given for rent and may also contest the value of what was reserved for the rent. The court shall ascertain, either by its own judgment or, if either party requires it, by the verdict of a jury impaneled without the formality of pleading, the extent of the liability of the tenant for rent and the value in money of such rent and if the tenant has been served with notice shall enter judgment against him for the amount so ascertained. It shall also order the goods distrained or attached, or so much thereof as may be necessary, to be sold to pay the amount so ascertained. The officer charged with the execution of such warrant or attachment shall return such warrant or attachment to the clerk's office of the court, showing how he has executed such warrant or attachment. If the goods so directed to be sold prove insufficient to pay the amount of the rent so ascertained, an execution may be issued on the judgment as in case of other judgments, which may be levied on such property as would be leviable under an execution issued on a judgment in an action brought to recover the rent.Code 1919, § 5529; Code 1950, § 55-238; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1419 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1419. Proceedings to establish right of reentry; judgment

Any person who has a right of reentry into lands by reason of any rent issuing thereout being in arrear, or by reason of the breach of any covenant or condition, may serve a declaration in ejectment on the tenant in possession, if any, or, if the possession is vacant, by posting the declaration upon the front door of the building, or at any other notorious place on the premises, and such service shall be in lieu of a demand and reentry. Upon proof to the court, by affidavit in case of judgment by default or upon proof on the trial, that the rent claimed was due and no sufficient distress was upon the premises, or that the covenant or condition was broken before the service of the declaration and that the plaintiff had power to reenter, he shall recover judgment and have execution for such lands.Code 1919, § 5530; Code 1950, § 55-239; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1420 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1420. When defendant barred of relief

Should the defendant to a proceeding filed pursuant to § 55.1-1419, or other person on his behalf, not pay the rent in arrear, with interest and costs, nor file a complaint for relief against such forfeiture, within 12 months after execution executed, he shall be barred of all right to be restored to such lands or tenements.Code 1919, § 5531; Code 1950, § 55-240; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1421 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1421. How trustee or mortgagee relieved from the forfeiture

Any mortgagee or trustee of lands subject to a proceeding filed pursuant to § 55.1-1419 may, within 12 months after execution executed, pay the rent and all arrears, with interest and costs, or file a complaint for relief against such forfeiture; and thereupon may be relieved against it, on the same terms and conditions as the owner of such lands or tenements would be entitled to.Code 1919, § 5532; Code 1950, § 55-241; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1422 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1422. How owner relieved in court

If the owner of lands subject to a proceeding filed pursuant to § 55-1419, or any person having right or claim to such land, files within the appropriate time his complaint for relief, he shall not have or continue any injunction against the proceedings at law on the ejectment, unless, within 30 days following a full and perfect answer filed by the plaintiff in ejectment, he brings into court, or deposits in a bank within the Commonwealth to the credit of the cause, such money as the plaintiff in ejectment, in his answers, swears to be due and in arrear, over and above all just allowances and also the costs taxed in the action, there to remain until the hearing of the cause, or to be paid out to the plaintiff on good security, subject to the order of the court. If the complaint is filed within the appropriate time, and after execution executed, the plaintiff shall be accountable for no more than he, really and bona fide, without fraud, deceit, or willful neglect, makes of the premises from the time of his entering into the actual possession of the premises, and if it is less than the rent payable, then the possession shall not be restored until the plaintiff is paid the balance of the rent for the time he so held the lands.Code 1919, § 5533; Code 1950, § 55-242; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1423 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1423. How judgment of forfeiture prevented

If any party having right or claim to lands subject to a proceeding filed pursuant to § 55.1-1419, at any time before the trial in such ejectment, pays to the party entitled to such rent, or to his attorney, or pays into court, all the rent and arrears owed, along with any reasonable attorney fees and late charges contracted for in a written rental agreement, interest, and costs, all further proceedings in the ejectment shall cease. If the person claiming the land is relieved, he is entitled to hold the land in the same manner as he was prior to the commencement of the proceedings, without a new lease or conveyance. If the parties dispute the amount of rent and other charges owed, the court shall take evidence on the issue and make orders for the tender, payment, or refund of any appropriate amounts.Code 1919, § 5534; Code 1950, § 55-243; 1992, c. 427; 1998, c. 269; 2010, c. 793; 2012, c. 788; 2013, c. 563; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1424 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1424. When action for reentry brought

Proceedings for ejectment shall not be initiated until the time for reentry of the premises specified in the rental agreement has lapsed.Code 1919, § 5535; Code 1950, § 55-244; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1425 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1425. Written act of reentry to be returned and recorded and certificate of reentry published

When actual reentry is made, the party by or for whom the reentry is made shall return a written act of reentry, sworn to by the sheriff or another authorized officer, to the clerk of the circuit court of the county or city in which the lands or tenements are located. The clerk shall record the written act of reentry in the deed book and shall deliver to the party making the reentry a certificate setting forth the substance of such written act. Such certificate shall be published at least once a week for two months successively in a newspaper published in or nearest to such county or city. Such publication shall be proved by affidavit to the satisfaction of the clerk, who shall record such affidavit in the deed book. Such affidavit shall reference the book and page where the original written act of reentry was recorded. The clerk shall return the original act of reentry to the party entitled to it. The written act of reentry, when recorded, and the record of such written act, or a duly certified copy from such record, shall be evidence, in all cases, of the facts contained therein.Code 1919, § 5536; Code 1950, § 55-245; 2014, c. 330; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1426 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1426. Fee of clerk

The clerk shall be paid for recording, granting certificate, and noting publication, as required by § 55.1-1425, the fee prescribed in subdivision A 2 of § 17.1-275 and shall collect and account for the same tax upon every such act of reentry offered for record as is levied by law upon deeds of conveyance.Code 1919, § 5537; Code 1950, § 55-246; 1994, c. 432; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1427 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1427. How person entitled to lands may be restored to his possession

If the person entitled to lands subject to a proceeding filed pursuant to § 55.1-1419 at the time of reentry made, or having claim to such lands, does not pay the rent and all arrears owed, with interest and all reasonable expenses incurred about such reentry, within one year from the first day of publication pursuant to § 55.1-1425, he shall be forever barred from all right to the lands. If any party who has the right of possession pays the rent and arrears owed, with interest and expenses pursuant to this section, to the party making reentry, within the required time, he shall be reinstated in his possession to hold as if the reentry had not been made.Code 1919, § 5538; Code 1950, § 55-247; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1428 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 14 - Nonresidential Tenancies|§ 55.1-1428. Limitation of action against person in possession by reentry

No person who, or who with his predecessor in title under whom he claims, has possessed lands by virtue of a reentry for the term of two years shall be disturbed therein by action or otherwise for any defect of proceedings in such entry.Code 1919, § 5539; Code 1950, § 55-248; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1500 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 15 - Residential Ground Rent Act|§ 55.1-1500. Definitions

As used in this chapter:"Land" is a three-dimensional concept and includes parcels with upper or lower boundaries, or both upper and lower boundaries, as well as parcels extending ab solo usque ad coelum. Parcels of airspace constitute land within the meaning of this chapter. Any requirement in this chapter of a legally sufficient description shall be deemed to include a requirement that the upper and lower boundaries, if any, of the parcel in question be identified with reference to established data."Obligee" means any person or entity to whom a residential ground rent is owed."Obligor" means one or more individuals who are obligated to pay a residential ground rent."Residential ground rent" means a rent or charge paid for the use of land, whether or not title to such land is transferred to the user, or a lease of land, for personal residential purposes, (i) which is assignable by the obligor without the obligee's consent; (ii) which is for a term in excess of 15 years, including any rights of renewal at the option of the obligor; (iii) where the obligor has a present or future right to terminate such ground rent and to acquire the entire interest of the obligee in the land by the payment of a determined or determinable amount; and (iv) where the obligee's interest in the land is primarily a security interest to protect his right to be paid the rent or charge.1975, c. 363, § 55-79.01; 1992, c. 438; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-1501 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 15 - Residential Ground Rent Act|§ 55.1-1501. Form of instrument

Any agreement in which a residential ground rent is created shall:1. Be reduced to writing;2. Be in recordable form; and3. Disclose the date, the names of the parties, the ground rent and any future adjustments to the ground rent, when such rent is payable, the duration of the agreement, and the value of the land at the time the agreement is made. If the parties agree to the amount for which the ground rent may be redeemed, such amount shall also be included in the agreement. Such agreement shall be included as a part of the deed or other instrument of transfer.1975, c. 363, § 55-79.02; 2019, c. 712.