reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MT Code § 45-1-201 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 1. General Preliminary Provisions|Part 2. Classification and Limitations|45-1-201. Classification of offenses

  45-1-201. Classification of offenses. (1) For the determination of the court's jurisdiction at the commencement of the action and for the determination of the commencement of the period of limitations, the offense shall be designated a felony or misdemeanor based upon the maximum potential sentence which could be imposed by statute.   (2) An offense defined by any statute of this state other than this code shall be classified as provided in this section, and the sentence that may be imposed upon conviction thereof shall be governed by this title and Title 46.   History: En. 94-1-105 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 8, Ch. 359, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 94-1-105.
MT Code § 45-1-202 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 1. General Preliminary Provisions|Part 2. Classification and Limitations|45-1-202. through 45-1-204 reserved

  45-1-202 through 45-1-204 reserved.
MT Code § 45-1-206 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 1. General Preliminary Provisions|Part 2. Classification and Limitations|45-1-206. Periods excluded from limitation

  45-1-206. Periods excluded from limitation. The period of limitation does not run during:   (1) any period in which the offender is not usually and publicly resident within this state or is beyond the jurisdiction of this state;   (2) any period in which the offender is a public officer and the offense charged is theft of public funds while in public office; or   (3) a prosecution pending against the offender for the same conduct, even if the indictment, complaint, or information which commences the prosecution is dismissed.   History: En. 94-1-107 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-1-107.
MT Code § 45-2-102 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 1. Definitions and State of Mind|45-2-102. Substitutes for negligence and knowledge

  45-2-102. Substitutes for negligence and knowledge. When the law provides that negligence suffices to establish an element of an offense, such element also is established if a person acts purposely or knowingly. When acting knowingly suffices to establish an element, such element also is established if a person acts purposely.   History: En. 94-2-110 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-110.
MT Code § 45-2-103 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 1. Definitions and State of Mind|45-2-103. General requirements of criminal act and mental state

  45-2-103. General requirements of criminal act and mental state. (1) Except for deliberate homicide as defined in 45-5-102(1)(b) or an offense that involves absolute liability, a person is not guilty of an offense unless, with respect to each element described by the statute defining the offense, a person acts while having one of the mental states of knowingly, negligently, or purposely.   (2) In deliberate homicide under 45-5-102(1)(b), the offender must act while having the mental state of purposely or knowingly only as to the underlying felony referred to in 45-5-102(1)(b).   (3) The existence of a mental state may be inferred from the acts of the accused and the facts and circumstances connected with the offense.   (4) If the statute defining an offense prescribes a particular mental state with respect to the offense as a whole without distinguishing among the elements of the offense, the prescribed mental state applies to each element.   (5) Knowledge that certain conduct constitutes an offense or knowledge of the existence, meaning, or application of the statute defining an offense is not an element of the offense unless the statute clearly defines it as an element.   (6) A person's reasonable belief that the person's conduct does not constitute an offense is a defense if:   (a) the offense is defined by an administrative regulation or order that is not known to the person and has not been published or otherwise made reasonably available to the person and if the person could not have acquired the knowledge by the exercise of due diligence pursuant to facts known to the person;   (b) the person acts in reliance upon a statute that later is determined to be invalid;   (c) the person acts in reliance upon an order or opinion of the Montana supreme court or a United States appellate court later overruled or reversed; or   (d) the person acts in reliance upon an official interpretation of the statute, regulation, or order defining the offense made by a public officer or agency legally authorized to interpret the statute.   (7) If a person's reasonable belief is a defense under subsection (6), nevertheless the person may be convicted of an included offense of which the person would be guilty if the law were as the person believed it to be.   (8) A defense based upon this section is an affirmative defense.   History: En. 94-2-103 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 11, Ch. 359, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-103; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 580, L. 1979; amd. Sec. 5, Ch. 485, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 610, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 9, Ch. 354, L. 1995.
MT Code § 45-2-104 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 1. Definitions and State of Mind|45-2-104. Absolute liability

  45-2-104. Absolute liability. A person may be guilty of an offense without having, as to each element of the offense, one of the mental states of knowingly, negligently, or purposely only if the offense is punishable by a fine not exceeding $500 or the statute defining the offense clearly indicates a legislative purpose to impose absolute liability for the conduct described.   History: En. 94-2-104 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 12, Ch. 359, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-104; amd. Sec. 6, Ch. 485, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 350, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 10, Ch. 354, L. 1995.
MT Code § 45-2-201 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-201. Causal relationship between conduct and result

  45-2-201. Causal relationship between conduct and result. (1) Conduct is the cause of a result if:   (a) without the conduct the result would not have occurred; and   (b) any additional causal requirements imposed by the specific statute defining the offense are satisfied.   (2) If purposely or knowingly causing a result is an element of an offense and the result is not within the contemplation or purpose of the offender, either element can nevertheless be established if:   (a) the result differs from that contemplated only in the respect that a different person or different property is affected or that the injury or harm caused is less than contemplated; or   (b) the result involves the same kind of harm or injury as contemplated but the precise harm or injury was different or occurred in a different way, unless the actual result is too remote or accidental to have a bearing on the offender's liability or on the gravity of the offense.   (3) If negligently causing a particular result is an element of an offense and the result is not within the risk of which the offender is aware or should be aware, either element can nevertheless be established if:   (a) the actual result differs from the probable result only in the respect that a different person or different property is affected or that the actual injury or harm is less; or   (b) the actual result involves the same kind of injury or harm as the probable result, unless the actual result is too remote or accidental to have a bearing on the offender's liability or on the gravity of the offense.   History: En. 94-2-105 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-105.
MT Code § 45-2-202 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-202. Voluntary act

  45-2-202. Voluntary act. A material element of every offense is a voluntary act, which includes an omission to perform a duty that the law imposes on the offender and that the offender is physically capable of performing, except for deliberate homicide under 45-5-102(1)(b) for which there must be a voluntary act only as to the underlying felony. Possession is a voluntary act if the offender knowingly procured or received the thing possessed or was aware of the offender's control of the thing for a sufficient time to have been able to terminate control.   History: En. 94-2-102 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-102; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 610, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 1635, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-203 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-203. Responsibility -- intoxicated condition

  45-2-203. Responsibility -- intoxicated condition. A person who is in an intoxicated condition is criminally responsible for the person's conduct, and an intoxicated condition is not a defense to any offense and may not be taken into consideration in determining the existence of a mental state that is an element of the offense unless the defendant proves that the defendant did not know that it was an intoxicating substance when the defendant consumed, smoked, sniffed, injected, or otherwise ingested the substance causing the condition.   History: En. 94-2-109 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 53, Ch. 329, L. 1974; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-109; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 251, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 1636, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-204 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-204. Liability of firefighters

  45-2-204. Liability of firefighters. (1) A firewarden, firefighter, or officer or employee of a state or governmental fire agency is not criminally liable for acts or omissions while fighting fires other than acts or omissions committed with demonstrable criminal intent.   (2) For the purposes of this section, "governmental fire agency" means a fire protection entity organized under Title 7, chapter 33.   History: En. Sec. 1, Ch. 464, L. 2007.
MT Code § 45-2-205 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-205. through 45-2-210 reserved

  45-2-205 through 45-2-210 reserved.
MT Code § 45-2-211 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-211. Consent as defense

  45-2-211. Consent as defense. (1) The consent of the victim to conduct charged to constitute an offense or to the result thereof is a defense.   (2) Consent is ineffective if:   (a) it is given by a person who is legally incompetent to authorize the conduct charged to constitute the offense;   (b) it is given by a person who by reason of youth, mental disease or disorder, or intoxication is unable to make a reasonable judgment as to the nature or harmfulness of the conduct charged to constitute the offense;   (c) it is induced by force, duress, or deception;   (d) it is against public policy to permit the conduct or the resulting harm, even though consented to; or   (e) for offenses under 45-5-502, 45-5-503, 45-5-508, 45-5-601, 45-5-602, 45-5-603, or Title 45, chapter 5, part 7, it is given by a person who the offender knew or reasonably should have known was a victim of human trafficking, as defined in 45-5-701, or was subjected to force, fraud, or coercion, either of which caused the person to be in the situation where the offense occurred.   History: En. 94-2-111 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; amd. Sec. 13, Ch. 359, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-111; amd. Sec. 7, Ch. 161, L. 2015; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 308, L. 2019.
MT Code § 45-2-212 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-212. Compulsion

  45-2-212. Compulsion. A person is not guilty of an offense, other than an offense punishable with death, by reason of conduct that the person performs under the compulsion of threat or menace of the imminent infliction of death or serious bodily harm if the person reasonably believes that death or serious bodily harm will be inflicted upon the person if the person does not perform the conduct.   History: En. 94-3-110 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-3-110; amd. Sec. 1637, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-213 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 2. Other Factors Affecting Individual Liability|45-2-213. Entrapment

  45-2-213. Entrapment. A person is not guilty of an offense if the person's conduct is incited or induced by a public servant or a public servant's agent for the purpose of obtaining evidence for the prosecution of the person. However, this section is inapplicable if a public servant or a public servant's agent merely affords to the person the opportunity or facility for committing an offense in furtherance of criminal purpose that the person has originated.   History: En. 94-3-111 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-3-111; amd. Sec. 1638, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-301 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 3. Liability for Acts Committed by or for Another|45-2-301. Accountability for conduct of another

  45-2-301. Accountability for conduct of another. A person is responsible for conduct that is an element of an offense if the conduct is either that of the person or that of another and the person is legally accountable for the conduct as provided in 45-2-302, or both.   History: En. 94-2-106 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-106; amd. Sec. 1639, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-302 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 3. Liability for Acts Committed by or for Another|45-2-302. When accountability exists

  45-2-302. When accountability exists. A person is legally accountable for the conduct of another when:   (1) having a mental state described by the statute defining the offense, the person causes another to perform the conduct, regardless of the legal capacity or mental state of the other person;   (2) the statute defining the offense makes the person accountable; or   (3) either before or during the commission of an offense with the purpose to promote or facilitate the commission, the person solicits, aids, abets, agrees, or attempts to aid the other person in the planning or commission of the offense. However, a person is not accountable if:   (a) the person is a victim of the offense committed, unless the statute defining the offense provides otherwise; or   (b) before the commission of the offense, the person terminates the person's effort to promote or facilitate the commission and does one of the following:   (i) wholly deprives the person's prior efforts of effectiveness in the commission;   (ii) gives timely warning to the proper law enforcement authorities; or   (iii) otherwise makes proper effort to prevent the commission of the offense.   History: En. 94-2-107 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-107; amd. Sec. 1640, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-303 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 3. Liability for Acts Committed by or for Another|45-2-303. Separate conviction of person accountable

  45-2-303. Separate conviction of person accountable. A person who is legally accountable for the conduct of another that is an element of an offense may be convicted upon proof that the offense was committed and that the person was accountable although the other person claimed to have committed the offense has not been prosecuted or convicted, has been convicted of a different offense, is not amenable to justice, or has been acquitted.   History: En. 94-2-108 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-108; amd. Sec. 1641, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-304 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 3. Liability for Acts Committed by or for Another|45-2-304. through 45-2-310 reserved

  45-2-304 through 45-2-310 reserved.
MT Code § 45-2-311 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 3. Liability for Acts Committed by or for Another|45-2-311. Criminal responsibility of corporations

  45-2-311. Criminal responsibility of corporations. (1) A corporation may be prosecuted for the commission of an offense only if:   (a) the offense is a misdemeanor, is defined by 45-5-204, 45-6-315, 45-6-317, 45-6-318, 45-6-326, 45-8-113, 45-8-114, 45-8-212, 45-8-214, 82-1-201, or 82-10-104, or is defined by another statute that clearly indicates a legislative purpose to impose liability on a corporation and an agent of the corporation performs the conduct that is an element of the offense while acting within the scope of the agent's office or employment and in behalf of the corporation, except that any limitation in the defining statute concerning the corporation's accountability for certain agents or under certain circumstances is applicable; or   (b) the commission of the offense is authorized, requested, commanded, or performed by the board of directors or by a high managerial agent who is acting within the scope of that agent's employment in behalf of the corporation.   (2) A corporation's proof that the high managerial agent having supervisory responsibility over the conduct that is the subject matter of the offense exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offense is a defense to a prosecution for any offense to which subsection (1)(a) refers, other than an offense for which absolute liability is imposed. This subsection is inapplicable if the legislative purpose of the statute defining the offense is inconsistent with the provisions of this subsection.   (3) For the purposes of this section:   (a) "agent" means any director, officer, servant, employee, or other person who is authorized to act in behalf of the corporation;   (b) "high managerial agent" means an officer of the corporation or any other agent who has a position of comparable authority for the formulation of corporate policy or the supervision of subordinate employees in a managerial capacity.   History: En. 94-2-112 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-112; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 582, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 365, L. 1985; amd. Sec. 193, Ch. 42, L. 1997; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 400, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-2-312 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 2. General Principles of Liability|Part 3. Liability for Acts Committed by or for Another|45-2-312. Accountability for conduct of corporation

  45-2-312. Accountability for conduct of corporation. (1) A person is legally accountable for conduct that is an element of an offense and that, in the name or in behalf of a corporation, the person performs or causes to be performed to the same extent as if the conduct were performed in the person's own name or behalf.   (2) An individual who has been convicted of an offense by reason of legal accountability for the conduct of a corporation is subject to the punishment authorized by law for an individual upon conviction of the offense although only a lesser or different punishment is authorized for the corporation.   History: En. 94-2-113 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-2-113; amd. Sec. 1642, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-3-101 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 3. Justifiable Use of Force|Part 1. When Force Justified|45-3-101. Definitions

  45-3-101. Definitions. (1) "Force likely to cause death or serious bodily harm" within the meaning of this chapter includes but is not limited to:   (a) the firing of a firearm in the direction of a person, even though no purpose exists to kill or inflict serious bodily harm; and   (b) the firing of a firearm at a vehicle in which a person is riding.   (2) "Forcible felony" means any felony which involves the use or threat of physical force or violence against any individual.   History: En. 94-3-101 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-3-101.
MT Code § 45-3-102 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 3. Justifiable Use of Force|Part 1. When Force Justified|45-3-102. Use of force in defense of person

  45-3-102. Use of force in defense of person. A person is justified in the use of force or threat to use force against another when and to the extent that the person reasonably believes that the conduct is necessary for self-defense or the defense of another against the other person's imminent use of unlawful force. However, the person is justified in the use of force likely to cause death or serious bodily harm only if the person reasonably believes that the force is necessary to prevent imminent death or serious bodily harm to the person or another or to prevent the commission of a forcible felony.   History: En. 94-3-102 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-3-102; amd. Sec. 1643, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-3-103 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 3. Justifiable Use of Force|Part 1. When Force Justified|45-3-103. Use of force in defense of occupied structure

  45-3-103. Use of force in defense of occupied structure. (1) A person is justified in the use of force or threat to use force against another when and to the extent that the person reasonably believes that the use of force is necessary to prevent or terminate the other person's unlawful entry into or attack upon an occupied structure.   (2) A person justified in the use of force pursuant to subsection (1) is justified in the use of force likely to cause death or serious bodily harm only if:   (a) the entry is made or attempted and the person reasonably believes that the force is necessary to prevent an assault upon the person or another then in the occupied structure; or   (b) the person reasonably believes that the force is necessary to prevent the commission of a forcible felony in the occupied structure.   History: En. 94-3-103 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-3-103; amd. Sec. 1644, Ch. 56, L. 2009; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 332, L. 2009.
MT Code § 45-3-104 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 45. Crimes|Chapter 3. Justifiable Use of Force|Part 1. When Force Justified|45-3-104. Use of force in defense of other property

  45-3-104. Use of force in defense of other property. A person is justified in the use of force or threat to use force against another when and to the extent that the person reasonably believes that the conduct is necessary to prevent or terminate the other person's trespass on or other tortious or criminal interference with either real property, other than an occupied structure, or personal property lawfully in the person's possession or in the possession of another who is a member of the person's immediate family or household or of a person whose property the person has a legal duty to protect. However, the person is justified in the use of force likely to cause death or serious bodily harm only if the person reasonably believes that the force is necessary to prevent the commission of a forcible felony.   History: En. 94-3-104 by Sec. 1, Ch. 513, L. 1973; R.C.M. 1947, 94-3-104; amd. Sec. 1645, Ch. 56, L. 2009.