reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AL Code § 12-16-151 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 6 - Challenges of Jurors.|Section 12-16-151 - Challenges of Jurors for Cause - Manner of Proof.

Section 12-16-151Challenges of jurors for cause - Manner of proof. Of the causes of challenge specified in Section 12-16-150, the first four may be proved by the oath of the person summoned or by other evidence, the fifth and sixth by other testimony only, the seventh by the oath of the person alone and the others as the court may direct. (Code 1852, §§629, 631; Code 1867, §§4181, 4183; Code 1876, §§4882, 4884; Code 1886, §4332; Code 1896, §5017; Code 1907, §7277; Code 1923, §8611; Code 1940, T. 30, §56.)
AL Code § 12-16-152 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 6 - Challenges of Jurors.|Section 12-16-152 - Challenges of Jurors for Cause - Additional Grounds for Challenge by State in Certain Cases.

Section 12-16-152Challenges of jurors for cause - Additional grounds for challenge by state in certain cases. On the trial for any offense which may be punished capitally or by imprisonment in the penitentiary, it is a good cause of challenge by the state that the person would refuse to impose the death penalty regardless of the evidence produced or has a fixed opinion against penitentiary punishment or thinks that a conviction should not be had on circumstantial evidence, which cause of challenge may be proved by the oath of the person or by other evidence. (Code 1852, §630; Code 1867, §4182; Code 1876, §4883; Code 1886, §4333; Code 1896, §5018; Code 1907, §7278; Code 1923, §8612; Code 1940, T. 30, §57.)
AL Code § 12-16-170 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 7 - Oaths of Jurors.|Section 12-16-170 - Petit Jurors.

Section 12-16-170Petit jurors. The following oath shall be administered by the clerk, in the presence of the court, to each of the petit jurors: "You do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be) that you will well and truly try all issues which maybe submitted to you during the present session (or week, as the case may be), and true verdicts render according to the evidence - so help you God"; and the same oath must be administered to the talesman, substituting the word "day" for "session." (Code 1852, §542; Code 1867, §4092; Code 1876, §4765; Code 1886, §4328; Code 1896, §5013; Code 1907, §7273; Code 1923, §8608; Code 1940, T. 30, §58.)
AL Code § 12-16-171 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 7 - Oaths of Jurors.|Section 12-16-171 - Grand Jury Foreman.

Section 12-16-171Grand jury foreman. The following oath shall be administered to the foreman of the grand jury: "You, as foreman of the grand jury of _____ county, do solemnly swear (or affirm as the case may be) that you will diligently inquire and true presentment make of all indictable offenses given you in charge, as well as those brought to your knowledge, committed or triable within the county; the state's counsel, your fellows' and your own you shall keep secret; you shall present no person from envy, hatred or malice, nor leave any one unpresented from fear, affection, reward or the hope thereof; but you shall present all things truly as they come to your knowledge, to the best of your understanding. So help you God." (Code 1852, §532; Code 1867, §4082; Code 1876, §4755; Code 1886, §4339; Code 1896, §5024; Code 1907, §7284; Code 1923, §8666; Code 1940, T. 30, §73.)
AL Code § 12-16-172 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 7 - Oaths of Jurors.|Section 12-16-172 - Grand Jurors.

Section 12-16-172Grand jurors. After the oath prescribed in Section 12-16-171 has been administered to the foreman, the following oath shall be administered to the other grand jurors: "The same oath which your foreman has taken, on his part, you and each of you, on your respective parts, shall well and truly observe and keep. So help you God." (Code 1852, §533; Code 1867, §4083; Code 1876, §4756; Code 1886, §4340; Code 1896, §5025; Code 1907, §7285; Code 1923, §8667; Code 1940, T. 30, §74.)
AL Code § 12-16-173 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 7 - Oaths of Jurors.|Section 12-16-173 - Reversal of Criminal Cases Appealed to Court of Criminal Appeals on Ground of Defect in Administration of Oath to Grand or Petit Juries.

Section 12-16-173Reversal of criminal cases appealed to Court of Criminal Appeals on ground of defect in administration of oath to grand or petit juries. No criminal case taken by appeal to the Court of Criminal Appeals shall be reversed because of any defect in the administration of the oath to any grand or petit jury, unless the record in the case discloses the fact that some objection was taken in the court below during the progress of the trial, based on such defect. (Code 1886, §4329; Code 1896, §5014; Code 1907, §7274; Code 1923, §8609; Code 1940, T. 30, §59.)
AL Code § 12-16-230 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 9 - Discharge of Jurors and Jury.|Section 12-16-230 - Discharge of Juror, Summoning of Replacement, etc., Prior to Retirement of Jury.

Section 12-16-230Discharge of juror, summoning of replacement, etc., prior to retirement of jury. If, before the jury retires, one of them becomes so sick as to incapacitate him for the performance of his duty or any other cause renders it necessary, in the opinion of the court, to discharge a juror, such juror may be discharged, another summoned in his place and the trial commenced anew. (Code 1852, §649; Code 1867, §4201; Code 1876, §4906; Code 1886, §4453; Code 1896, §5277; Code 1907, §7311; Code 1923, §8693; Code 1940, T. 30, §98.)
AL Code § 12-16-231 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 9 - Discharge of Jurors and Jury.|Section 12-16-231 - Discharge of Juror After Retirement of Jury.

Section 12-16-231Discharge of juror after retirement of jury. If after the jury retire one of them becomes so sick as to prevent the discharge of his duty or any other cause or accident occurs to prevent their being kept together for deliberation, they may be discharged. (Code 1852, §650; Code 1867, §4202; Code 1876, §4907; Code 1886, §4454; Code 1896, §5278; Code 1907, §7312; Code 1923, §8694; Code 1940, T. 30, §99.)
AL Code § 12-16-232 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 9 - Discharge of Jurors and Jury.|Section 12-16-232 - Consent by Parties to Discharge of Member of Jury and to Rendition of Verdict by Remaining Jurors.

Section 12-16-232Consent by parties to discharge of member of jury and to rendition of verdict by remaining jurors. (a) At any stage of a trial then pending, whether the jury has retired or not, the parties may unanimously consent in open court, with legal effectiveness, to the discharge from further duty of any member of the jury trying the case and to a continuation of the trial and the rendition of a verdict by the remaining jurors. A verdict returned by the remaining jurors shall be as valid and as legally effective as if it had been returned by the full jury. (b) Prior to the commencement of a trial, the parties may unanimously stipulate in open court, with legal effectiveness, that in the event it becomes necessary during the pendency of the trial, whether the jury has retired or not, for the court to discharge from further duty any member of the jury trying the case because of the juror's sickness or other good cause, the trial shall continue with and a verdict be rendered by the remaining jurors. A verdict returned by the remaining jurors shall be as valid and as legally effective as if it had been returned by the full jury. (c) The provisions of this section shall apply to any and every kind of action except prosecutions for capital felonies. (d) This section shall be cumulative and alternative to the provisions of Sections 12-16-230 and 12-16-231. (Acts 1943, No. 168, p. 156.)
AL Code § 12-16-233 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 16 - Juries.|Article 9 - Discharge of Jurors and Jury.|Section 12-16-233 - Discharge of Jury and Entry of Mistrial.

Section 12-16-233Discharge of jury and entry of mistrial. The court or presiding judge in all cases of jury trial may discharge the jury without giving a verdict, with the consent of all parties to the trial or without the consent of the parties, when, in the opinion of the court or judge, there is a manifest necessity for the discharge or when the ends of justice would otherwise be defeated. In all cases in which the jury is discharged without a verdict, a mistrial shall be entered upon the minutes of the court, assigning the reason or cause for the mistrial, and no person shall gain any advantage by reason of such discharge of the jury. (Code 1907, §7314; Code 1923, §8696; Code 1940, T. 30, §100.)
AL Code § 12-17-1 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 1 - General Provisions.|Section 12-17-1 - County Court Personnel Serving District and Circuit Courts to Become Employees of State; Court Personnel Subject to Benefits and Regulations of Merit and Retirement Systems; Settlement of Disputes Regarding Which Persons Are Court Personnel.

Section 12-17-1County court personnel serving district and circuit courts to become employees of state; court personnel subject to benefits and regulations of merit and retirement systems; settlement of disputes regarding which persons are court personnel. (a) County personnel. - All full-time county personnel, including all persons for whom funding is provided by the unified judicial budget, serving the district and circuit courts, other than sheriff's deputies and employees and building maintenance and security personnel, shall become employees of the State of Alabama on October 1, 1977. No such personnel so employed as of August 26, 1976 shall be deemed to be ineligible to continue as an employee of the respective courts by virtue of or by operation of the provisions of Section 41-1-5, nor shall such person be deemed to be in violation of the provisions of Section 41-1-5. (b) Merit and retirement systems. - Except as otherwise provided by law or rule, all court personnel employed by the state shall be subject to the State Merit System, retirement and other benefits applicable to other state employees. (c) Determination of controversies as to composition, etc., of court personnel. - Any controversy regarding the composition of that class of persons qualifying as court personnel shall be determined by the Administrative Director of Courts with the advice and consent of the Supreme Court except where such determinations relate to eligibility, membership, benefits or any other question whatsoever related to retirement, such determination shall be made by the board of control of the Employees' Retirement System of Alabama. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §7-101; Acts 1976, No. 761, p. 1045.)
AL Code § 12-17-2 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 1 - General Provisions.|Section 12-17-2 - Court Personnel Included in State Employee Personnel System; Establishment of Job Descriptions, Rates of Compensation, etc., Applicable to Court Personnel.

Section 12-17-2Court personnel included in state employee personnel system; establishment of job descriptions, rates of compensation, etc., applicable to court personnel. Except as otherwise provided by law, all court personnel shall be included in the state employee personnel system; provided, that job descriptions, regulations, rates of compensation and administrative procedures applicable to court personnel shall be established by the Administrative Director of Courts after consultation with the state employee personnel system; provided, that for any court official or employee with a salary rate which, immediately before October 10, 1975, exceeded the salary rate provided by this title, the county where the court for which he works is located must supplement his salary to an extent sufficient to maintain such former higher rate. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §7-102.)
AL Code § 12-17-3 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 1 - General Provisions.|Section 12-17-3 - Reimbursement of Employees for Expenses Incurred at Locations Other Than Principal Court Site.

Section 12-17-3Reimbursement of employees for expenses incurred at locations other than principal court site. Court employees, including, but not limited to, active and supernumerary court reporters, clerks, registers and persons employed in those offices, shall be reimbursed by the state in the same manner as state employees generally for their expenses incurred in the performance of official duties at locations other than their principal court site. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §7-111.)
AL Code § 12-17-5 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 1 - General Provisions.|Section 12-17-5 - Judicial Immunity of Magistrates and Clerks of the Circuit and District Courts Under Certain Conditions.

Section 12-17-5Judicial immunity of magistrates and clerks of the circuit and district courts under certain conditions. In the performance of any duties provided for by Sections 12-17-94(a) and 12-17-251(c), every magistrate and clerk of the circuit and district courts of this state shall have absolute judicial immunity from any liability arising from the execution of the duties provided for by Sections 12-17-94(a) and 12-17-251(c). (Act 2019-223, §1.)
AL Code § 12-17-60 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-60 - Boundaries of Districts for Election of Judges.

Section 12-17-60Boundaries of districts for election of judges. District court boundaries, for the purpose of election of district court judges, shall be coterminous with county boundaries unless otherwise provided in Section 12-17-61; provided, that the geographic area for the purpose of election of district court judges shall not alter or modify venue for actions in the district court as otherwise provided by law. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-61 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-61 - Number of Judges in Each District; Manner of Election of Judges Generally.

Section 12-17-61Number of judges in each district; manner of election of judges generally. Each county shall constitute a district and shall have one resident district judge, except that: (1) Baldwin, Lee, Etowah, Russell, Talladega, Tuscaloosa, Walker, Houston, Dale, Shelby, Marshall, Cullman, Chambers, Elmore, Limestone, and St. Clair Counties shall each have two resident district judges. (2) Montgomery, Morgan, and Calhoun Counties shall have three resident district judges. (3) Madison County shall have four resident district judges. (4) Mobile County shall have five resident district judges. (5) Jefferson County shall have 12 resident district judges, who shall be nominated and elected in the manner provided by law for the nomination and election of circuit judges in the county. Three of such district judges shall serve in the Bessemer division and nine shall serve in the Birmingham division. The district judgeship created by Act 96-751 shall be assigned to the Family Court Division of Jefferson County, Birmingham Division. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113; Acts 1979, No. 79-692, p. 1234, §6; Acts 1980, No. 80-583, p. 896, §1; Acts 1981, 3rd Ex. Sess., No. 81-1205, p. 534, §1; Acts 1984, No. 84-610, p. 1244, §1; Acts 1985, No. 85-546, p. 795, §1; Acts 1985, 2nd Ex. Sess., No. 85-924, §1; Acts 1989, No. 89-663, p. 1317; Acts 1989, No. 89-955, p. 1883, §7; Acts 1991, No. 91-558, p. 1029, §1; Acts 1994, No. 94-679, p. 1307, §1; Acts 1995, No. 95-776, p. 1848, §3; Acts 1996, No. 96-751, p. 1322, §1; Act 2000-765, p. 1732, §§4-8; Act 2007-382, p. 764, §1.)
AL Code § 12-17-62 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-62 - Numbering and Designation of Positions on Ballots in Districts in Which More Than One Judge Elected.

Section 12-17-62Numbering and designation of positions on ballots in districts in which more than one judge elected. In districts with more than one district judge, each position shall be numbered and designated on primary and general election ballots. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-63 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-63 - Qualifications.

Section 12-17-63Qualifications. Candidates seeking to be elected as a district court judge shall be licensed to practice law in this state and shall file all necessary documents of qualification with the Secretary of State as provided by law. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-64 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-64 - Residence.

Section 12-17-64Residence. Each district judge must have resided in the district from which he is elected, appointed or commissioned for at least 12 months preceding his election or appointment and must reside in such district during his continuance in office. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-65 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-65 - Term of Office.

Section 12-17-65Term of office. Each district judge, except for judges filling positions pursuant to Section 12-17-66, shall be elected for a term of six years by the qualified voters of the district which he is to serve. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-66 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-66 - Commissioned Judges.

Section 12-17-66Commissioned judges. (a) Notwithstanding the number of judges authorized for each district by Section 12-17-61, additional district judges may be commissioned in any district where the number of judges entitled by the Constitution to receive commissions as district judges exceeds the number of positions authorized for the district. All commissions so issued shall expire on the first Monday after the second Tuesday in January following the next general election after completion of three years in office as a district judge. (b) Judges seeking commissions pursuant to the Constitution must file a request for such commission with the Secretary of State 10 months prior to the date of the general election preceding January 16, 1977. (c) If no judge files a request pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, and if, after judges requesting commissions have been assigned to the judgeships established by Section 12-17-61, any of the positions authorized for each district remain unfilled, these positions shall be filled at the general election prior to January 16, 1977. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-67 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-67 - Filling of Vacancies.

Section 12-17-67Filling of vacancies. (a) In the event that a vacancy occurs in the judicial office of the district court, until such vacancy has been filled by appointment as provided by the Constitution, the presiding judge of the circuit shall designate a district or circuit judge, including himself, within the circuit to serve as the district court judge for the duration of such vacancy. (b) If a judge, who filed a request pursuant to subsection (b) of Section 12-17-66 and has been designated to receive a commissioned term, or has been elected as provided in this article, dies or becomes disqualified prior to January 16, 1977, or is otherwise unable to assume office and such death, disability or refusal to serve occurs at such a time that the judicial office created in Section 12-17-61 cannot be filled prior to January 16, 1977, a vacancy shall be created in each such case. Any vacancy which exists on January 16, 1977, shall be filled as provided by law. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §§4-113, 4-115.)
AL Code § 12-17-68 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-68 - Compensation.

Section 12-17-68Compensation. REPEALED IN THE 2021 REGULAR SESSION BY ACT 2021-441 EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2021.  (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-114.)
AL Code § 12-17-69 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-69 - Primary Duty to Serve Districts for Which Elected.

Section 12-17-69Primary duty to serve districts for which elected. Judges shall have a primary duty to serve the district to which they are elected. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §4-113.)
AL Code § 12-17-70 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 3 - District Court Judges.|Section 12-17-70 - Designation of Judge to Handle Domestic Relations, Divorce, etc., Cases in Districts Having More Than One Judge.

Section 12-17-70Designation of judge to handle domestic relations, divorce, etc., cases in districts having more than one judge. In those districts having more than one district court judge, the presiding circuit court judge may designate from time to time a district court judge, who shall have the same powers and authority as a circuit judge to handle all cases involving domestic relations, divorce, annulments of marriage, custody and support of children, granting and enforcement of alimony, proceedings under the Reciprocal Nonsupport Act and all other domestic and marital matters over which the circuit court has jurisdiction as well as all laws pertaining to juvenile and nonsupport cases arising in the county under Title 30 of this code and who shall serve as an ex officio circuit judge when handling such cases, regardless of any provisions contained in this title or any other laws to the contrary; provided, that in those counties having one district judge and in which a circuit judge is currently empowered to handle the aforementioned classes of cases as well as juvenile cases, such power and authority shall not transfer to the district judge without the express authorization of the presiding circuit judge. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §6-118; Acts 1976, No. 388, p. 494.)
AL Code § 12-17-160 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 12 - Courts.|Chapter 17 - Circuit and District Court Personnel.|Article 5 - District Court Clerks.|Section 12-17-160 - Clerk of Circuit Court Ex Officio Clerk of District Court.

Section 12-17-160Clerk of circuit court ex officio clerk of district court. Except as otherwise provided in this article, the clerk of the circuit court shall be ex officio clerk of the district court within the circuit and shall have administrative responsibility for and supervision of the records and clerical services of the district court in accordance with applicable general laws and rules. (Acts 1975, No. 1205, p. 2384, §7-105.)