reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
RI Gen L § 34-10-12 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-12 - Payment for previously constructed fence.

§ 34-10-12. Payment for previously constructed fence.Whenever the whole or more than one-half (½) of any partition fence shall have been made by the proprietor or possessor of the land on one side of the fence, the proprietor or possessor of the land adjoining, when he or she improves the land, shall pay to the proprietor or possessor who made the fence the value of so much of the fence erected as the fence may exceed one-half (½) of the fence on the whole line; and in case of his or her refusal so to do, the value shall be ascertained by any fence viewer of the town where the land is situated, on application to him or her for that purpose.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 10; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 14; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 14; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 14; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-12.
RI Gen L § 34-10-13 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-13 - Viewing and division of fence - Award of cost.

§ 34-10-13. Viewing and division of fence — Award of cost.The fence viewer, on an application, shall cite the parties in interest on the dividing line, at a convenient time, to view the fence; shall ascertain the value of the whole, and award the one-half (½) of the sum against the proprietor or possessor so refusing, with costs, and divide the whole fence between the parties, and make report into the office of the town clerk, which division shall be permanent; and if any person against whom report shall be made as aforesaid shall refuse to pay the sum so reported, the sum, with costs, shall be recovered by the party aggrieved, against that person, by action of debt.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 11; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 15; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 15; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 15; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-13.
RI Gen L § 34-10-14 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-14 - Holding and improving partition fences - Agreements between owners.

§ 34-10-14. Holding and improving partition fences — Agreements between owners.In all cases where partition fences are erected as one-half (½) of the partition fence between proprietors or possessors of adjoining lands, or where the fence may be hereafter erected by the agreement of the parties in interest or other lawful manner, the proprietors of the fences in either of the cases erected, their heirs, successors, or assigns, shall hold and improve the fences without molestation; and shall be forever afterwards excused from making other fence on such dividing line in all cases whatever, except by the special agreement of the parties to the contrary; and all agreements which shall be made relating to the partition fences shall be registered in the office of the town clerk in the town where such lands shall lie.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 9; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 13; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 13; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 13; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-14.
RI Gen L § 34-10-15 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-15 - Complaint of neglect to maintain fence.

§ 34-10-15. Complaint of neglect to maintain fence.(a) Whenever any proprietor, possessor or owner of land shall neglect or refuse to repair, build, or rebuild any partition fence or shall withdraw his or her fence from any division line, the aggrieved party may complain to any fence viewer of the town, who, after ten (10) days' notice to the proprietor, possessor, or owner, shall attend and view the same; the notice, if the address of the owner is not known to the fence viewer, to be given by posting up the same in three (3) or more public places in the town where the lands lie, and if he or she shall find the complaint to be true, he or she shall in writing order the delinquent party to repair, build, or rebuild the same within such time as he or she shall therein appoint, not exceeding fifteen (15) days, and shall lodge a copy of the order in the office of the town clerk of the town in which the land is situated.(b) Whenever any vegetation overgrows and damages a partition fence, the proprietor, possessor or owner of the land from which the vegetation originates shall be liable for the removal of all of the overgrown vegetation and the necessary repairs to the partition fence caused by the overgrown vegetation.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 5; P.L. 1902, ch. 992, § 1; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 9; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 9; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 9; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-15; P.L. 2007, ch. 373, § 1.
RI Gen L § 34-10-16 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-16 - Construction or repair of fence by complainant - Action for cost and penalties.

§ 34-10-16. Construction or repair of fence by complainant — Action for cost and penalties.If the order shall not be complied with the complainant may build, repair, or rebuild the fence in the manner set forth in the order, and when the fence shall be completed to the satisfaction of such fence viewer he or she shall ascertain the cost thereof and give a certificate of the same, including also his or her fees, to the complainant, who shall be entitled to demand and recover of the party delinquent double the sum in the certificate mentioned, and interest at the rate of twelve per cent (12%) per annum. The fence viewer shall lodge a like certificate, to be signed by him or her, in the town clerk's office of the town in which the land lies, and the double sum above-mentioned shall be a lien on the land of the delinquent party, and shall attach at and from the time of the filing of the order in the town clerk's office, as provided in § 34-10-15, and may be recovered in a civil action. If the defendant cannot be found within the state, the writ shall be served by leaving an attested copy thereof in the clerk's office of the town wherein the land is situated, and the judgment in the action may be satisfied by an execution issued thereon, levied and served in the same manner as provided for the levy and service of executions in actions at law.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 6; P.L. 1902, ch. 992, § 1; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 10; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 10; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 10; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-16.
RI Gen L § 34-10-17 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-17 - Settlement of controversies by viewer.

§ 34-10-17. Settlement of controversies by viewer.Whenever any controversy or dispute shall arise about the rights of the respective occupants or owners in division lines or partition fences and their obligations to maintain the same, either party may apply to a fence viewer of the town where the lands lie, who, after ten-days' notice to each party, to be given as provided in § 34-10-15, may in writing determine the division line and assign to each his or her part of the partition fence, and direct the time within which each party shall erect, build, or repair his or her part of the fence, which line and assignment being recorded in the office of the town clerk, shall be binding on the parties and all succeeding owners and occupants of the lands, and they shall always thereafter maintain their respective parts of the fence, until the rights of the respective parties shall be differently determined in some proper action.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 8; P.L. 1902, ch. 992, § 1; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 12; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 12; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 12; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-17.
RI Gen L § 34-10-18 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-18 - Viewer's fees.

§ 34-10-18. Viewer's fees.Every fence viewer shall be allowed six dollars ($6.00) per day for viewing any fence on complaint made to him or her for that purpose, which fees shall be paid in the first instance by the person complaining to him or her; and in case there shall appear to be good cause of complaint, may be by him or her recovered back of the person complained against.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 13; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 17; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 17; P.L. 1923, ch. 469, § 1; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 17; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-18.
RI Gen L § 34-10-19 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-19 - Neglect of duty by viewer.

§ 34-10-19. Neglect of duty by viewer.If any fence viewer, to whom complaint shall be made against any person for a violation of any of the provisions imposed on him or her by this chapter, shall neglect or refuse to do the duty enjoined on him or her to do, the fence viewer so refusing shall forfeit five dollars ($5.00) for every instance of neglect, to be recovered by any person who shall sue for instances of neglect in the town where the fence viewer shall live.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 12; G.L. 1909, ch. 152, § 16; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 16; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 16; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-19.
RI Gen L § 34-10-20 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-10 - Fences|Section 34-10-20 - Spite fences.

§ 34-10-20. Spite fences.A fence or other structure in the nature of a fence which unnecessarily exceeds six feet (6′) in height and is maliciously erected or maintained for the purpose of annoying the owners or occupants of adjoining property, shall be deemed a private nuisance, and any owner or occupant who is injured, either in the comfort or enjoyment of his or her estate thereby, may have an action to recover damages for the injury.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 126, § 16, as enacted by P.L. 1909, ch. 416, § 1; G.L. 1923, ch. 182, § 20; G.L. 1938, ch. 645, § 20; G.L. 1956, § 34-10-20.
RI Gen L § 34-11-1 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-1 - Conveyances required to be in writing and recorded.

§ 34-11-1. Conveyances required to be in writing and recorded.Every conveyance of lands, tenements or hereditament absolutely, by way of mortgage, or on condition, use or trust, for any term longer than one year, and all declarations of trusts concerning the conveyance, shall be void unless made in writing duly signed, acknowledged as hereinafter provided, delivered, and recorded in the records of land evidence in the town or city where the lands, tenements or hereditaments are situated; provided, however, that the conveyance, if delivered, as between the parties and their heirs, and as against those taking by gift or devise, or those having notice thereof, shall be valid and binding though not acknowledged or recorded. A lease for the term of one year or less shall be valid although made by parol. Leases for terms of more than one year may be recorded with a memorandum of lease in writing rather than the original lease; provided, however, that the memorandum shall contain the names of the parties to be charged, a description of the real estate, the duration of the lease, including renewal options and purchase options.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 2; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 2; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 2; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-1; P.L. 1979, ch. 231, § 1; P.L. 1981, ch. 380, § 1.
RI Gen L § 34-11-1.1 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-1.1 - Signing and printing names.

§ 34-11-1.1. Signing and printing names.The signatories and notaries public to all deeds, mortgages, transfers, assignments, and discharges of mortgages, leases, rental agreements, rescissions or assignments thereof, and contracts for the sale of land shall have their names typed or printed immediately beneath or adjacent to their signatures. Failure to comply herewith shall not affect the validity of any such instrument, but the recording fee for the instrument shall be increased by two dollars ($2.00).History of Section.P.L. 1979, ch. 231, § 1.
RI Gen L § 34-11-1.2 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-1.2 - Name and address of grantee - Recording.

§ 34-11-1.2. Name and address of grantee — Recording.Every deed presented for record shall contain or have endorsed upon it the name, residence and/or post office address of the grantee and that address shall be recorded as part of the deed. Failure to comply with this section shall not affect the validity of any deed. A city or town clerk may decline to accept a deed for recording which is not in compliance with the requirements of this section.History of Section.P.L. 1979, ch. 393, § 1.
RI Gen L § 34-11-1.3 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-1.3 - Name and address of mortgagor and mortgagee - Recording.

§ 34-11-1.3. Name and address of mortgagor and mortgagee — Recording.Every mortgage deed presented for record shall contain or have endorsed upon it the name and address of the mortgagor and mortgagee and the address shall be recorded as part of the mortgage deed. Failure to comply with this section shall not affect the validity of any mortgage deed, but the city or town clerk may charge an additional two dollars ($2.00) for a recording fee if the name and address does not appear on the instrument. The purpose of including the mortgagee's address is to facilitate in the eventual discharge thereof, and also for purpose of any notice that may be sent to the mortgagor and mortgagee.History of Section.P.L. 1983, ch. 282, § 1; P.L. 1993, ch. 146, § 1.
RI Gen L § 34-11-1.4 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-1.4 - Sale price recording.

§ 34-11-1.4. Sale price recording.Every deed presented for recording due to the sale of property, which results in the transfer in ownership of the property, shall contain or have endorsed upon it the total dollar amount of the actual sale, which shall be recorded as part of the deed. A city or town clerk may decline to accept a deed for recording if the deed is not in compliance with this section. Failure to comply with this section shall not affect the validity of any deed.History of Section.P.L. 2006, ch. 309, § 1; P.L. 2007, ch. 340, § 6.
RI Gen L § 34-11-1.5 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-1.5 - Historical cemeteries.

§ 34-11-1.5. Historical cemeteries.Every deed presented for recording a transfer in ownership of property that has located on it a historical cemetery registered pursuant to § 23-18-10.1 shall have endorsed upon the deed, in capital letters, a notation that a historical cemetery is located on the property. Failure to comply with this section shall not affect the validity of any deed.History of Section.P.L. 2011, ch. 117, § 3; P.L. 2011, ch. 126, § 3.
RI Gen L § 34-11-2 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-2 - Seal not required in conveyances.

§ 34-11-2. Seal not required in conveyances.No seal shall be required to any instrument conveying lands, tenements or hereditaments; and any instrument purporting to convey lands, tenements or hereditaments may be referred to as, and shall be, a deed, though no seal be affixed thereto; and the word "covenant" used in any deed or instrument to which no seal is affixed, shall have the same effect as though a seal had been affixed thereto.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 4; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 4; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 4; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 3; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-2.
RI Gen L § 34-11-3 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-3 - Creation of co-tenancies by deed - Conveyances between husband and wife.

§ 34-11-3. Creation of co-tenancies by deed — Conveyances between husband and wife.(a) In deeds hereafter made, lands, tenements and hereditaments, or a thing in action, may be conveyed by a person to him or herself jointly with another person by the like means by which it might be conveyed by him or her to another person; and may in like manner, be conveyed by a husband to his wife and by a wife to her husband, alone or jointly with another person; and may also in like manner, be conveyed by a husband to himself and to his wife and by a wife to herself and to her husband as tenants by the entirety; and may also in like manner be conveyed by co-tenants to any one of the co-tenants.(b) A husband and his wife or any two (2) or more persons may convey real estate or interests therein to themselves as co-tenants under any tenancy allowable between them by law. This subsection shall not be construed so as to invalidate any deed of real estate or interest therein heretofore given by a husband and his wife or any two (2) or more persons to themselves as co-tenants under any tenancy allowable between them by law.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 20; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 20; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 20; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 17; P.L. 1947, ch. 1915, § 1; P.L. 1955, ch. 3616, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-3; P.L. 1990, ch. 506, § 1.
RI Gen L § 34-11-4 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-4 - Delivery of conveyance sufficient to pass title.

§ 34-11-4. Delivery of conveyance sufficient to pass title.Any form of conveyance in writing, duly signed and delivered by the grantor, or the attorney of the grantor duly authorized, shall be operative to convey to the grantee all the possession, estate, title and interest, claim, demand or right of entry or action, of the grantor, absolutely in and to the land conveyed, unless otherwise expressly limited in estate, condition, use or trust, and if otherwise expressly limited, shall convey such property for the time or estate or on the condition, use or trust as declared, without any other act or ceremony; and if also duly acknowledged and recorded, shall be operative as against third parties.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 11; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 11; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 11; P.L. 1926, ch. 839, § 2; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 10; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-4.
RI Gen L § 34-11-5 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-5 - Releases and discharges effective without seal.

§ 34-11-5. Releases and discharges effective without seal.Any instrument purporting to be a release of all claims and demands, or of any special demand, whatever be the consideration expressed therefor, and any discharge of mortgage in whole or in part, shall be construed to have that effect although no seal shall be affixed thereto.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 12; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 12; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 12; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 11; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-5.
RI Gen L § 34-11-6 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-6 - Use of word "grant" not required.

§ 34-11-6. Use of word "grant" not required.The use of the word "grant" is not necessary in order to convey tenements and hereditaments, corporeal or incorporeal.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 19; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 19; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 19; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 16; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-6.
RI Gen L § 34-11-7 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-7 - Warranties and rights of reentry not implied.

§ 34-11-7. Warranties and rights of reentry not implied.The words, "give", "grant", or "exchange", in any conveyance, shall imply no covenant, warranty, or right of reentry.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 13; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 13; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 13; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 12; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-7.
RI Gen L § 34-11-8 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-8 - Form of grants in tail.

§ 34-11-8. Form of grants in tail.In a deed hereafter made, it shall be sufficient, in the limitation of an estate in tail, to use the words "heirs of the body", or the words "in tail" without the words "heirs of the body"; and in the limitation of an estate in tail male or in tail female, to use the words "heirs male of the body", or "heirs female of the body", or the words "in tail male", or "in tail female", as the case requires, without the words "heirs male of the body", or "heirs female of the body".History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 21; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 21; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 21; P.L. 1927, ch. 1056, § 7; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 18; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-8.
RI Gen L § 34-11-9 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-9 - Words importing failure of issue.

§ 34-11-9. Words importing failure of issue.In any limitation of real or personal estate by deed, will or other instrument in writing, hereafter executed, the words "die without issue", or "die without leaving issue", or "leave no issue", or "die without heirs of the body", or any other words that may import either a want or failure of issue of any person in his or her lifetime or at the time of his or her death, or an indefinite failure of his or her issue, shall be construed to mean a want or failure of issue in the lifetime or at the death of such person, and not an indefinite failure of his or her issue, unless a contrary intention shall clearly appear by the instrument containing such limitations.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 202, § 24; G.L. 1909, ch. 253, § 24; G.L. 1923, ch. 297, § 24; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 20; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-9.
RI Gen L § 34-11-10 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-10 - Takers not party to indenture - Conveyance purporting to be indenture.

§ 34-11-10. Takers not party to indenture — Conveyance purporting to be indenture.Under an indenture hereafter executed, an immediate estate or interest in any tenements or hereditaments, and the benefit of a condition or covenant respecting any tenements or hereditaments, may be taken, although the taker thereof be not named a party to that indenture; also any conveyance purporting to be an indenture shall have the effect of an indenture although not actually indented.History of Section.G.L. 1896, ch. 201, § 22; G.L. 1909, ch. 252, § 22; G.L. 1923, ch. 296, § 22; G.L. 1938, ch. 435, § 22; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-10.
RI Gen L § 34-11-11 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-11 - Use of statutory forms.

§ 34-11-11. Use of statutory forms.The forms set forth in § 34-11-12 may be used, and shall be sufficient for their respective purposes. They shall be known as "statutory forms" and may be referred to as such. They may be altered as circumstances require, and the authorization of such forms by this chapter shall not preclude the use of other forms.History of Section.P.L. 1927, ch. 1056, § 1; P.L. 1928, ch. 1171, § 1; G.L. 1938, ch. 436, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-11.
RI Gen L § 34-11-13 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 34 - Property|Chapter 34-11 - Form and Effect of Conveyances|Section 34-11-13 - Construction of terms.

§ 34-11-13. Construction of terms.(a) Whenever the phrase "incorporation by reference" is used in §§ 34-11-14 — 34-11-31, the method of incorporation as indicated in the forms shall be sufficient, but this shall not be construed to preclude other methods.(b) Whenever the words "his heirs, executors and administrators" or "his executors, administrators" are used in §§ 34-11-14 — 34-11-31, they shall be construed, in the case of a corporation, to mean "its successors"; and whenever the words "his heirs and assigns" are so used, they shall be construed, in the case of a corporation, to mean "its successors and assigns."History of Section.P.L. 1927, ch. 1056, § 1; P.L. 1928, ch. 1171, § 1; G.L. 1938, ch. 436, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 34-11-13.