reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
TX Bus Orgs § 6.153 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter D. Voting of Ownership Interests|Section 6.153. Voting of Interests Owned by Another Entity

Sec. 6.153.  VOTING OF INTERESTS OWNED BY ANOTHER ENTITY.  An ownership interest in a domestic entity owned by another entity, whether a domestic or foreign entity, may be voted by the officer, agent, or proxy as authorized by:(1)  the governing documents of the entity that owns the interest; or(2)  the governing authority of the entity that owns the interest, if the governing documents do not provide for the manner of voting.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 35, eff. September 1, 2007.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.154 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter D. Voting of Ownership Interests|Section 6.154. Voting of Interests in an Estate or Trust

Sec. 6.154.  VOTING OF INTERESTS IN AN ESTATE OR TRUST.  (a)  An administrator, executor, guardian, or conservator of an estate who holds an ownership interest as part of the estate may vote the interest, in person or by proxy, without transferring the interest into the person's name.(b)  An ownership interest in the name of a trust may be voted in person or by proxy by:(1)  the trustee;  or(2)  a person authorized to act on behalf of the trust by the trust agreement or the trustee.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 36, eff. September 1, 2007.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.155 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter D. Voting of Ownership Interests|Section 6.155. Voting of Interests by Receiver

Sec. 6.155.  VOTING OF INTERESTS BY RECEIVER.  (a)  A receiver may vote an ownership interest standing in the name of the receiver.(b)  A receiver may vote an ownership interest held by or under the control of the receiver without transferring the interest into the receiver's name if the court appointing the receiver authorizes the receiver to vote the interest.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.156 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter D. Voting of Ownership Interests|Section 6.156. Voting of Pledged Interests

Sec. 6.156.  VOTING OF PLEDGED INTERESTS.  A pledged ownership interest may be voted by:(1)  the owner of the pledged interest until the interest is transferred into the pledgee's name;  and(2)  the pledgee after the pledged interest is transferred into the pledgee's name.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.157 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter D. Voting of Ownership Interests|Section 6.157. Voting of Jointly Held Ownership Interests

Sec. 6.157.  VOTING OF JOINTLY HELD OWNERSHIP INTERESTS.  (a)  In this section, "jointly held ownership interest" means:(1)  an ownership interest that is held of record in the names of two or more persons, whether fiduciaries, joint tenants, tenants in common, or otherwise; or(2)  an ownership interest for which two or more persons have the right to vote the interest under Section 6.154.(b)  A jointly held ownership interest may be voted by:(1)  for a jointly held ownership interest as defined by Subsection (a)(1), any one of the record owners; or(2)  for a jointly held ownership interest as defined by Subsection (a)(2), any one of the persons having the right to vote the interest, as described by Section 6.154.(c)  If a jointly held ownership interest is voted by more than one person as described by Subsection (b), the act of a majority of the persons voting binds all of the record owners or persons having the right to vote the interest.(d)  If a jointly held ownership interest is voted by more than one person as described by Subsection (b), and the votes of the persons are evenly split on any particular matter, each faction may vote the interest proportionately.(e)  Subsection (b), (c), or (d) does not apply if the secretary or other person tabulating votes on the entity's behalf has a good faith belief, based on written information the person received regarding rights or obligations with respect to voting the jointly held ownership interest, that reliance on Subsection (b), (c), or (d), as applicable, is unwarranted.|Added by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 75 (S.B. 1518), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2017.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.203 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter E. Action by Written Consent|Section 6.203. Delivery of Less Than Unanimous Written Consent

Sec. 6.203.  DELIVERY OF LESS THAN UNANIMOUS WRITTEN CONSENT.  (a)  A written consent signed by an owner or member of a filing entity as provided by Section 6.202, if the consent is not solicited on behalf of the entity or its governing authority, must be delivered by hand or certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, or by other means specified in the governing documents, to:(1)  the entity's registered office or principal executive office or place of business;  or(2)  the managerial official or agent of the entity having custody of the entity's records of meetings of owners or members.(b)  A consent delivered to an entity's principal executive office or place of business under Subsection (a)(1) must be addressed to the chief managerial official of the entity or, if the entity does not have a chief managerial official, the governing authority of the entity.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.204 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter E. Action by Written Consent|Section 6.204. Advance Notice Not Required

Sec. 6.204.  ADVANCE NOTICE NOT REQUIRED.  Any advance notice required by this code for an action to be taken at a meeting is not required to be given to take the action by written consent as provided by this subchapter.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 37, eff. September 1, 2007.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.205 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter E. Action by Written Consent|Section 6.205. Reproduction or Electronic Transmission of Consent

Sec. 6.205.  REPRODUCTION OR ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION OF CONSENT.  (a)  Any photographic, photostatic, facsimile, or similarly reliable reproduction of a consent in writing signed by an owner, member, or governing person of a filing entity may be substituted or used instead of the original writing for any purpose for which the original writing could be used.(b)  Except as otherwise provided by an entity's governing documents, an electronic transmission of a consent by an owner, member, or governing person to the taking of an action by the entity is considered a signed writing if the transmission contains or is accompanied by information from which it can be determined:(1)  that the electronic transmission was transmitted by or on behalf of the owner, member, or governing person; and(2)  the date on which the electronic transmission was transmitted by or on behalf of the owner, member, or governing person.(c)  Unless the consent is otherwise dated, the date specified in Subsection (b)(2) is the date on which the consent is considered signed.|Added by Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 64 (H.B. 1319), Sec. 18, eff. January 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 84 (S.B. 1442), Sec. 8, eff. September 1, 2009.Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 139 (S.B. 748), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2011.Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 658 (S.B. 1859), Sec. 7, eff. September 1, 2019.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.251 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter F. Voting Trusts and Voting Agreements|Section 6.251. Voting Trusts

Sec. 6.251.  VOTING TRUSTS.  (a)  Except as provided by this code or the governing documents, any number of owners of a domestic entity may enter into a written voting trust agreement to confer on a trustee the right to vote or otherwise represent ownership or membership interests of the domestic entity.(b)  An ownership or membership interest that is the subject of a voting trust agreement described by Subsection (a) shall be transferred to the trustee named in the agreement for purposes of the agreement.(c)  A copy of a voting trust agreement described by Subsection (a) shall be deposited with the domestic entity at the domestic entity's principal executive office or registered office and is subject to examination by:(1)  an owner, whether in person or by the owner's agent or attorney, in the same manner as the owner is entitled to examine the books and records of the domestic entity; and(2)  a holder of a beneficial interest in the voting trust, whether in person or by the holder's agent or attorney, at any reasonable time for any proper purpose.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 38, eff. September 1, 2007.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.301 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter G. Applicability of Chapter|Section 6.301. Applicability of Chapter to Partnerships

Sec. 6.301.  APPLICABILITY OF CHAPTER TO PARTNERSHIPS.  This chapter does not apply to a general partnership or a limited partnership except to the extent its governing documents specify.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 6.302 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 6 - Meetings and Voting for Domestic Entities|Subchapter G. Applicability of Chapter|Section 6.302. Applicability of Subchapters C and D to Limited Liability Companies

Sec. 6.302.  APPLICABILITY OF SUBCHAPTERS C AND D TO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES.  Subchapters C and D do not apply to a limited liability company except to the extent its governing documents specify.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.002 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 8.002. Application of Chapter

Sec. 8.002.  APPLICATION OF CHAPTER.  (a)  Except as provided by Subsection (b) and Section 8.005, this chapter does not apply to a:(1)  general partnership; or(2)  limited liability company.(b)  The governing documents of a general partnership or limited liability company may adopt provisions of this chapter or may contain other provisions, which will be enforceable, relating to:(1)  indemnification;(2)  advancement of expenses; or(3)  insurance or another arrangement to indemnify or hold harmless a governing person.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 40, eff. September 1, 2007.Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 39 (S.B. 1203), Sec. 13, eff. September 1, 2021.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.003 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 8.003. Limitations in Governing Documents

Sec. 8.003.  LIMITATIONS IN GOVERNING DOCUMENTS.  A governing document of an enterprise may restrict the circumstances under which the enterprise must or may indemnify or may advance expenses to a person under this chapter.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 39 (S.B. 1203), Sec. 14, eff. September 1, 2021.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.004 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 8.004. Limitations in Chapter

Sec. 8.004.  LIMITATIONS IN CHAPTER.  Except as provided in Section 8.151, a provision for an enterprise to indemnify or advance expenses to a governing person is valid only to the extent it is consistent with this chapter.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.005 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 8.005. Indemnification Against Negligence

Sec. 8.005.  INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST NEGLIGENCE.  (a)  This section applies to:(1)  an enterprise subject to this chapter; and (2)  notwithstanding Section 8.002, a general partnership or limited liability company.(b)  A requirement under the laws of this state that indemnification or exculpation for negligence be expressly and conspicuously stated does not apply to a provision in an enterprise's governing documents that provides for indemnification or exculpation.|Added by Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 39 (S.B. 1203), Sec. 15, eff. September 1, 2021.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.051 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter B. Mandatory and Court-Ordered Indemnification|Section 8.051. Mandatory Indemnification

Sec. 8.051.  MANDATORY INDEMNIFICATION.  (a)  An enterprise shall indemnify a governing person, former governing person, or delegate against reasonable expenses actually incurred by the person in connection with a proceeding in which the person is a respondent because the person is or was a governing person or delegate if the person is wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of the proceeding.(b)  A court that determines, in a suit for indemnification, that a governing person, former governing person, or delegate is entitled to indemnification under this section shall order indemnification and award to the person the expenses incurred in securing the indemnification.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 64 (H.B. 1319), Sec. 21, eff. January 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.052 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter B. Mandatory and Court-Ordered Indemnification|Section 8.052. Court-Ordered Indemnification

Sec. 8.052.  COURT-ORDERED INDEMNIFICATION.  (a)  On application of a governing person, former governing person, or delegate and after notice is provided as required by the court, a court may order an enterprise to indemnify the person to the extent the court determines that the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances.(b)  This section applies without regard to whether the governing person, former governing person, or delegate applying to the court satisfies the requirements of Section 8.101 or has been found liable:(1)  to the enterprise;  or(2)  because the person improperly received a personal benefit, without regard to whether the benefit resulted from an action taken in the person's official capacity.(c)  The indemnification ordered by the court under this section is limited to reasonable expenses if the governing person, former governing person, or delegate is found liable:(1)  to the enterprise;  or(2)  because the person improperly received a personal benefit, without regard to whether the benefit resulted from an action taken in the person's official capacity.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.101 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter C. Permissive Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses|Section 8.101. Permissive Indemnification

Sec. 8.101.  PERMISSIVE INDEMNIFICATION.  (a)  An enterprise may indemnify a governing person, former governing person, or delegate who was, is, or is threatened to be made a respondent in a proceeding to the extent permitted by Section 8.102 if it is determined in accordance with Section 8.103 that:(1)  the person:(A)  acted in good faith;(B)  reasonably believed:(i)  in the case of conduct in the person's official capacity, that the person's conduct was in the enterprise's best interests;  and(ii)  in any other case, that the person's conduct was not opposed to the enterprise's best interests;  and(C)  in the case of a criminal proceeding, did not have a reasonable cause to believe the person's conduct was unlawful;(2)  with respect to expenses, the amount of expenses other than a judgment is reasonable;  and(3)  indemnification should be paid.(b)  Action taken or omitted by a governing person or delegate with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of the person's duties for a purpose reasonably believed by the person to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan is for a purpose that is not opposed to the best interests of the enterprise.(c)  Action taken or omitted by a delegate to another enterprise for a purpose reasonably believed by the delegate to be in the interest of the other enterprise or its owners or members is for a purpose that is not opposed to the best interests of the enterprise.(d)  A person does not fail to meet the standard under Subsection (a)(1) solely because of the termination of a proceeding by:(1)  judgment;(2)  order;(3)  settlement;(4)  conviction;  or(5)  a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.102 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter C. Permissive Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses|Section 8.102. General Scope of Permissive Indemnification

Sec. 8.102.  GENERAL SCOPE OF PERMISSIVE INDEMNIFICATION.  (a)  Subject to Subsection (b), an enterprise may indemnify a governing person, former governing person, or delegate against:(1)  a judgment;  and(2)  expenses, other than a judgment, that are reasonable and actually incurred by the person in connection with a proceeding.(b)  Indemnification under this subchapter of a person who is found liable to the enterprise or is found liable because the person improperly received a personal benefit:(1)  is limited to reasonable expenses actually incurred by the person in connection with the proceeding;(2)  does not include a judgment, a penalty, a fine, and an excise or similar tax, including an excise tax assessed against the person with respect to an employee benefit plan;  and(3)  may not be made in relation to a proceeding in which the person has been found liable for:(A)  wilful or intentional misconduct in the performance of the person's duty to the enterprise;(B)  breach of the person's duty of loyalty owed to the enterprise;  or(C)  an act or omission not committed in good faith that constitutes a breach of a duty owed by the person to the enterprise.(c)  A governing person, former governing person, or delegate is considered to have been found liable in relation to a claim, issue, or matter only if the liability is established by an order, including a judgment or decree of a court, and all appeals of the order are exhausted or foreclosed by law.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.|
TX Bus Orgs § 8.104 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Business Organizations Code|Title 1 - General Provisions|Chapter 8 - Indemnification and Insurance|Subchapter C. Permissive Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses|Section 8.104. Advancement of Expenses to Present Governing Persons or Delegates

Sec. 8.104.  ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES TO PRESENT GOVERNING PERSONS OR DELEGATES.  (a)  An enterprise may pay or reimburse reasonable expenses incurred by a present governing person or delegate who was, is, or is threatened to be made a respondent in a proceeding in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding without making the determinations required under Section 8.101(a) after the enterprise receives:(1)  a written affirmation by the person of the person's good faith belief that the person has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification under this chapter; and(2)  a written undertaking by or on behalf of the person to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if the final determination is that the person has not met that standard or that indemnification is prohibited by Section 8.102.(b)  A provision in the governing documents of the enterprise, a resolution of the owners, members, or governing authority, or an agreement that requires the payment or reimbursement permitted under this section authorizes that payment or reimbursement after the enterprise receives an affirmation and undertaking described by Subsection (a).(c)  The written undertaking required by Subsection (a)(2) must be an unlimited general obligation of the person but need not be secured and may be accepted by the enterprise without regard to the person's ability to make repayment.(d)  With respect to a limited partnership, a vote of a majority-in-interest of the limited partners in a vote that excludes the interest held by each general partner who is not disinterested and independent constitutes an authorization under Subsection (b).  For purposes of this subsection, "majority-in-interest" means, with respect to limited partners, limited partners who own more than 50 percent of the current percentage or other interest in the profits of the partnership that is owned by all of the limited partners.|Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.Amended by: Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 64 (H.B. 1319), Sec. 23, eff. January 1, 2006.Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 64 (H.B. 1319), Sec. 24, eff. January 1, 2006.Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 42, eff. September 1, 2007.Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 139 (S.B. 748), Sec. 6, eff. September 1, 2011.|