reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 13a-33 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 237 - State Highway System|Section 13a-33 - Powers and duties of commissioner.

 Subject to the limitations referred to in section 13a-32, the commissioner is authorized (a) to plan, design, lay out, construct, reconstruct, relocate, improve, maintain and operate the project, and reconstruct and relocate existing highways, sections of highways, bridges or structures and incorporate or use the same, whether or not so reconstructed or relocated or otherwise changed or improved, as parts of the project, and, to that end, to do and perform with respect to the project any act or thing which is mentioned or referred to in subsection (a) of section 13a-239; (b) to retain and employ consultants and assistants on a contract or other basis for rendering professional, legal, fiscal, engineering, technical or other assistance and advice; (c) to limit ingress to or egress from, and establish regulations for the use of, the project; and (d) to do all things necessary or convenient to carry out the purposes and duties and exercise the powers expressly given in sections 13a-32 to 13a-35, inclusive, 13a-127, 13a-160 and 13a-239 to 13a-246, inclusive. Except as otherwise stated in section 13a-32, nothing contained in sections 13a-33, 13a-34, 13a-35, 13a-127, 13a-160 and 13a-239 to 13a-246, inclusive, shall be construed to limit or restrict, with respect to the project, any power, right or authority of the commissioner existing under or pursuant to any other law.(1961, P.A. 541, S. 4; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 34.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-34 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 237 - State Highway System|Section 13a-34 - Commissioner to maintain project.

 The project and all approach or connecting highways incidental thereto shall be maintained by the commissioner and be part of the state highway system.(1961, P.A. 541, S. 12; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 35; P.A. 73-675, S. 9, 44; P.A. 75-568, S. 6, 45.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 73-675 substituted transportation fund for highway fund; P.A. 75-568 deleted reference to transportation fund in view of its incorporation into general fund.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-35 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 237 - State Highway System|Section 13a-35 - Protection of obligation for Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike.

 In order to observe or fulfill any obligation of the state created by or pursuant to part IV of chapter 234 of the 1958 revision of the general statutes, as amended, prior to June 13, 1961, or to permit certain vehicular passage between the Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike and the project without violation of any such obligation, the commissioner is specifically empowered at any time to prohibit or otherwise restrict, or on behalf of the state to agree to prohibit or otherwise restrict, the passage of all or any motor vehicles to said project from Connecticut Route 32 or any route generally parallel thereto west of the Thames River and east of the Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike or from the project to any such route.(1961, P.A. 541, S. 15; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 36; P.A. 86-201, S. 3.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 86-201 changed reference from the Connecticut Turnpike to the Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-36 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-36 - Milestones to be reset.

 The commissioner shall reset any milestone found in the course of the construction by him of any highway which follows approximately the route of an ancient turnpike or highway.(1949 Rev., S. 2249; 1958 Rev., S. 13-136; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 37.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-38 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-38 - Entry on private property to determine boundary.

 The commissioner or his agent may enter upon private property for the purpose of surveying or examining such property for the determination of the boundary line of any highway under his control. He shall use care so that no unnecessary damage shall result, and the state shall be liable to the owner of any property for any damage he causes such owner.(1949 Rev., S. 2194; 1958 Rev., S. 13-79; 1961, P.A. 137, S. 1; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 39.)History: 1961 act removed provision re commissioner's power to lay out, alter, construct, reconstruct, etc. highways whenever “interest of the state so requires”; 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.See Sec. 13a-60 re entry upon private property necessitated by alteration of highways.Cited. 125 C. 413; 129 C. 83. Does not imply consent on the part of the state to be sued. 146 C. 316.Cited. 6 CS 5. Complaint alleging that highway commissioner unnecessarily discharged surface water onto plaintiff's land is good against demurrer. Id., 485. Commissioner not authorized by section to condemn property or to enter into contracts. 18 CS 264. Requires allegation that damage complained of was unnecessary. 20 CS 142.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-40 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-40 - Appeal.

 Any person aggrieved by such decision may appeal to the superior court for the judicial district where such highway is situated within ten days after notice of such decision has been given, which appeal shall be in writing, containing a brief statement of the facts and reasons of appeal and a citation to such selectmen and all adjoining proprietors on such highway to appear before said court, and said court, or any judge thereof, may direct the time of appearance and the manner of service. Said court may review the doings of such selectmen, examine the questions in issue by itself or by a committee, confirm, change or set aside the doings of such selectmen, and make such orders in the premises, including orders as to costs, as it finds to be equitable. The clerk of said court shall cause a certified copy of the final decree of said court to be recorded in the records of the town in which such highway is located, and, if such decree changes the bounds defined and established by the decision of such selectmen, the bounds defined and established by such decree shall be the bounds of such highway.(1949 Rev., S. 2167; 1958 Rev., S. 13-50; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 41; P.A. 76-436, S. 330, 681; P.A. 78-280, S. 1, 127.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 76-436 substituted superior court for court of common pleas and added reference to judicial districts, effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 78-280 deleted reference to counties.Cited. 14 CA 521, 523. Superior Court, in its review of a determination by town's board of selectmen, may conduct a trial de novo. 131 CA 24; judgment affirmed, see 309 C. 608.Cited. 11 CS 429; 27 CS 472.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-41 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-41 - Bounds of new highways to be marked and recorded.

 Whenever a new highway has been laid out by authority of any town or city, such highway shall be marked or defined in the following manner: At the beginning and termination by stone, steel or iron bounds on each side, and a stone, steel or iron bound at each angle or deflection between the beginning and termination. Stone bounds shall be not less than four inches square by two feet in length, with a mark on the top. Steel or iron bounds shall be not less than one inch in diameter if round, or not less than one inch square, and shall be two and one-half feet in length. No new highway shall be deemed legally located, or a legal highway, until so marked or defined. The authorities of towns or cities making the layout shall at least once in five years personally examine such bounds and renew all lost or misplaced ones. Any person owning land bounded in part or wholly by a highway may make application in writing to the authorities of the town or city in which such land is located for bounds to be placed on such described land. Such authorities shall thereupon place on the lines of the highway on such described lands bounds as hereinbefore described, provided the cost of procuring and the estimated cost of placing the same shall be first paid to such authorities by the applicant. The authorities of towns and cities making such layout shall have an adequate description of such bounds recorded in towns in the town clerk's office and in cities in the office in which records of streets or highways are made.(1949 Rev., S. 2168; 1958 Rev., S. 13-51; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 42.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.Where committee cannot find original street lines, city may make new layout of street according to charter. 69 C. 558. Section does not empower municipality to fix disputed boundaries, but only permanently to mark undisputed lines. 73 C. 575.When roadway leading to cemetery deemed dedicated to public use. 11 CS 429. When monuments are required. 13 CS 70.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-42 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-42 - Taking of roads into state system.

 The commissioner may take into the state highway system any highway, section of highway or appurtenances thereto when said commissioner finds that it is in the best interest of the state to do so, and such highway, section of highway or appurtenances thereto conform to the definitions set out in section 13a-14. Any town may petition the commissioner to take a road of such town into such state system whenever it considers such road as conforming to the definitions set out in section 13a-14. Said commissioner shall act upon the petition within three months after receipt thereof. Any town aggrieved by the action of the commissioner may elect to submit the matter to arbitration in the manner provided in section 13a-17.(1961, P.A. 603, S. 6; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 43; 1967, P.A. 236.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act added provisions re town's petition for commissioner to take town road into state system.See Sec. 13a-45 re effective date of transfers or abandonments.See Sec. 13a-46 re transfer of rights in lands as part of transfer of roads.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-43 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-43 - Abandonment of state highway.

 The commissioner may, in connection with a new highway constructed in a town, abandon any highway, or section or appurtenance thereof, in the state highway system no longer conforming with the definitions set out in section 13a-14 or no longer serving the best interest of the state as a part of the state highway system, upon notice to the board of selectmen of the town wherein such highway, or section or appurtenance thereof, is located, and such highway, or section or appurtenance thereof, shall revert to the town unless legally abandoned by it. Before abandonment of any part of the state highway system, the commissioner shall put the same in reasonably good condition, except where the same is no longer useful or necessary for highway purposes. Any town aggrieved by the abandonment of any part of any road, or section or appurtenance thereof, may elect to submit the matter to arbitration as provided in section 13a-17.(1949 Rev., S. 2231; 1953, S. 1198d; 1958 Rev., S. 13-111; 1961, P.A. 603, S. 7; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 44; 1967, P.A. 235, S. 2.)History: 1961 act made certain technical changes to conform to creation of the state highway system and allowed abandonment of part of highway system without putting road “in reasonable good condition” when road is “no longer useful or necessary for highway purposes”; 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act linked abandonment with new highway construction, replacing provision allowing abandonment with town's consent and provision re town submitting grievance to arbitration.See Sec. 13a-45 re effective date of transfers and abandonments.See Sec. 13b-205 re railroad company's authority to take land in discontinued highways.Cited. 129 C. 83.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-44 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-44 - Transfer of state highway to town.

 The commissioner may transfer any highway, or section or appurtenance thereof, in the state highway system to the town or towns through which such highway, or section or appurtenance thereof, runs when it does not conform with the definitions set out in section 13a-14 or no longer serves the best interest of the state as a part of the state highway system, provided the commissioner shall put the same in reasonably good condition. Any town aggrieved by the transfer of any highway, or section or appurtenance thereof, may elect to submit the matter to arbitration as provided in section 13a-17.(1949 Rev., S. 2234; 1958 Rev., S. 13-116; 1961, P.A. 603, S. 8; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 45; 1967, P.A. 235, S. 3.)History: 1961 act removed provision for state to accept part of town highway system as state road on transfers of state highways to towns, made technical changes to conform to the creation of the state highway system and added proviso re putting roads to be transferred “in reasonably good condition”; 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act deleted requirement that towns consent to transfer of roads but added provision for aggrieved town's submission of a transfer decision to arbitration.See Sec. 13a-45 re effective date of transfers and abandonments.See Sec. 13a-46 re transfer of rights in lands as part of transfer of roads.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-45 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-45 - Effective date of transfers and abandonments.

 Transfers or abandonments under section 13a-42, 13a-43 or 13a-44 shall be effective sixty days after notice thereof has been given by the commissioner to the selectmen of the town involved, provided notice of any such transfer or abandonment and a description of the highway, or portion or appurtenance thereof, so transferred or abandoned have been filed in the office of the town clerk of the town within which such highway, or portion or appurtenance thereof, lies within such sixty days.(1961, P.A. 603, S. 9; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 46.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-46 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-46 - Transfers of rights in lands on transfer of roads.

 The commissioner shall transfer all right, title and interest vested in the state with the transfer of any highway, or portion or appurtenance thereof, to a town and shall assume all right, title and interest in or to lands previously vested in such town upon accepting any highway, or portion or appurtenance thereof, as part of the state highway system. Upon any such transfer or acceptance of a highway, or portion or appurtenance thereof, by the commissioner or the town, the commissioner or the town, as the case may be, shall assume full responsibility, authority, liability and jurisdiction over such highway, or portion or appurtenance thereof, as of the effective date of such transfer or acceptance.(1961, P.A. 603, S. 12; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 47.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-47 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-47 - Powers of commissioner unaffected.

 Nothing in sections 13a-42 to 13a-46, inclusive, shall be construed to limit, restrict or derogate from any power, right or authority of the commissioner contained in any other statute.(1961, P.A. 603, S. 11; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 47a.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-48 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-48 - Acceptance of highways by municipalities.

 Any municipality whose duty it is to maintain the highways within its limits may, at any annual or special meeting held for that purpose, accept as a public highway any proposed highway situated in such municipality, provided any municipality in which a town meeting is the legislative body may by ordinance or resolution delegate the power to accept public highways to the board of selectmen in accordance with such procedures as the municipality may establish in the ordinance or resolution, and any municipality may, by charter, provide an alternative means for the acceptance of public highways.(1949 Rev., S. 2118; 1958 Rev., S. 13-3; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 48; P.A. 91-181, S. 1, 3.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 91-181 added provision concerning acceptance of highways by boards of selectmen and establishment of alternative means for acceptance.Acceptance by user by the public. 131 C. 84. When municipality in conformity with statutory requirements expressly accepts street as public highway, no further action on part of general public is required to constitute street a public highway. 146 C. 474. Sec. 13a-71 does not limit width of street that can be accepted. 151 C. 372. A town meeting may accept any street as a public highway irrespective of whether it has received prior approval by selectmen. 159 C. 107. Cited. 165 C. 624. Acceptance of highways is an exercise of legislative discretion that may not be delegated; whole action of town meeting a nullity, not just the illegal delegation; acceptance subject to approval not considered acceptance. 177 C. 527. Neither the public's actual use of the property nor the town's actions constituted an express or implied acceptance of a proposed street. 180 C. 274. Acceptance by municipality may be accomplished through formal proceedings under section or by implication through its conduct. Id., 435. Cited. 226 C. 684.Cited. 14 CA 521; 17 CA 111; 23 CA 281. In 1730, highways were established by actual use by the general public under the common-law doctrine of dedication and acceptance, and section, which was enacted in 1927, does not allow municipalities to accept such highways. 137 CA 1.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-50 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-50 - Discontinuance of highway by Superior Court.

 The Superior Court, on the application of any person, may discontinue any highway in the judicial district where it is held, which cannot be discontinued by the selectmen; but all questions arising as to the convenience or necessity of such highway shall, unless the parties agree, be decided by a committee to be appointed by the court; and any person may appear and be heard in relation to such application and may remonstrate against the acceptance of the report of the committee for any irregularity or impropriety in the performance of its duty. All such applications shall be served as other civil process upon the towns in which such highway is located. The officer making such service shall also place upon one or more of the signposts in such town, if any, or at some other exterior place near the office of the town clerk, a certified copy of such application and citation, at least twelve days before the session of the court to which the same is returnable, and further notice shall be given by publishing an advertisement in some newspaper, published in such judicial district, describing such highway, at least three weeks before the session of said court.(1949 Rev., S. 2162; 1958 Rev., S. 13-35; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 50; P.A. 78-280, S. 2, 127; P.A. 84-146, S. 10.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 78-280 substituted “judicial district” for “county”; P.A. 84-146 included a reference to posting of a copy of the service on a place other than a signpost.Highway, once established, discontinuable only for new matter. 21 C. 468; 31 C. 601. Public hearing by committee is not limited to the parties and cannot entirely exclude participation by the public; statute does not limit the right to challenge a committee's report to aggrieved persons. 184 C. 483.Cited. 35 CA 398.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-51 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-51 - Discontinued turnpikes remain highways.

 All discontinued turnpikes and parts of turnpikes shall remain public highways in the town or towns where situated; but any town may discontinue the whole or any portion of such road within such town in the manner provided in section 13a-49.(1949 Rev., S. 2150; 1958 Rev., S. 13-34; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 51.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.A highway, which is a public right of passage over another man's land, must be defined with reasonable certainty. 117 C. 402.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-52 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-52 - No assessed damages collected if unopened highway discontinued.

 When any highway duly laid out is legally discontinued before being opened and worked, no action shall be brought to recover damages assessed therefor, but the owner of the lands over which it is laid out may recover of the town, city or borough his actual damages from its layout.(1949 Rev., S. 2163; 1958 Rev., S. 13-36; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 52.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.But for section, damages assessed could be recovered, though highway was discontinued before it was opened and worked. 39 C. 113. Abandonment of uncompleted proceedings to lay out street gives no right to damages, unless there be inexcusable delay. 48 C. 68. Cited. 158 C. 280.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-53 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-53 - Discontinuance of highway crossing railroad.

 That part of any highway which crosses a railroad, the use of which crossing has been abandoned for a period of at least fifteen years, shall be deemed discontinued.(1949 Rev., S. 2165; 1958 Rev., S. 13-48; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 53.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.See Sec. 13b-205 re railroad company's taking land in discontinued highways.