reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Pub Cont Code § 20168 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20168.

20168.  In case of an emergency, the legislative body may pass a resolution by a four-fifths vote of its members declaring that the public interest and necessity demand the immediate expenditure of public money to safeguard life, health, or property. Upon adoption of the resolution, it may expend any sum required in the emergency without complying with this chapter. If notice for bids to let contracts will not be given, the legislative body shall comply with Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 22050).(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 803, Sec. 1.2. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20168.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20168.5.

20168.5.  In any city that has agreed to permit the transfer of prisoners or parole violators under Section 2910 or 2910.5 of the Penal Code, or of wards under Section 1753.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, the city council may contract for the construction or expansion of facilities to be used for that purpose without the formality of obtaining bids, adopting plans and specifications, or complying with other requirements of this article, except as required by this section. The person to whom the contract is awarded shall execute a bond for faithful performance. The award of the contract shall be made after a public hearing on the basis of a request for proposals advertised in accordance with Section 6062 or 6062a of the Government Code. The contract may be awarded only to a contractor who has responded to the request for proposals and who is licensed to do the work in accordance with Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 7000) of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code. The contract shall be upon terms which the city council determines are necessary for the expeditious completion of the work. A contract shall not be entered into unless at least three proposals to do the work have been evaluated by a competitive process established by the city council and the lowest bid is selected.(Added by Stats. 1987, Ch. 1450, Sec. 10.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20169 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20169.

20169.  Annually before the beginning of the fiscal year, in cities where there is more than one newspaper of general circulation printed and published, the legislative body shall publish a notice inviting bids and contract for the publication of legal notices required to be published in such a newspaper. The contract shall include the printing and publishing of all such legal notices during the fiscal year.If there is only one such newspaper, the legislative body may contract with it without advertising for bids.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20170 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20170.

20170.  All bids shall be presented under sealed cover and accompanied by one of the following forms of bidder’s security:(a) Cash.(b) Cashier’s check made payable to the city.(c) A certified check made payable to the city.(d) A bidder’s bond executed by an admitted surety insurer, made payable to the city.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20171 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20171.

20171.  The security shall be in an amount equal to at least 10 percent of the amount bid. A bid shall not be considered unless one of the forms of bidder’s security is enclosed with it.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20172 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20172.

20172.  If the successful bidder fails to execute the contract, the amount of the bidder’s security shall be forfeited to the city except as hereinafter provided.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20173 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20173.

20173.  The cash or proceeds shall be deposited in the fund out of which the expenses of preparation and printing of the plans and specifications, estimates of cost, and publication of notice are paid.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20174 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4 - Cities|Section 20174.

20174.  The city council may, on refusal or failure of the successful bidder to execute the contract, award it to the next lowest responsible bidder. If the legislative body awards the contract to the second lowest bidder, the amount of the lowest bidder’s security shall be applied by the city to the difference between the low bid and the second lowest bid, and the surplus, if any, shall be returned to the lowest bidder if cash or a check is used, or to the surety on the bidder’s bond if a bond is used.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20185 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4.5 - Local Agencies Earthquake Relief|Section 20185.

20185.  The provisions of this article shall apply to contracts awarded by local agencies for earthquake relief subject to Article 5 (commencing with Section 54125) of Chapter 5 of Part 1 of Division 2 of the Government Code.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20186 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4.5 - Local Agencies Earthquake Relief|Section 20186.

20186.  Any resolution authorizing bonds may provide that the bonds may recite that it is issued pursuant to this chapter and bonds containing such recital are conclusively deemed valid and issued in conformity with this chapter.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20187 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4.5 - Local Agencies Earthquake Relief|Section 20187.

20187.  Reference on the face of bonds to the resolution by its date of adoption incorporates the resolution and of this chapter the bonds and their coupons.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20188 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4.5 - Local Agencies Earthquake Relief|Section 20188.

20188.  Each taker and subsequent holder of the bonds and attached or detached coupons has recourse to all of the provisions of the resolution and of this chapter and is bound by their terms.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20189 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 4.5 - Local Agencies Earthquake Relief|Section 20189.

20189.  All bids for construction work shall be presented under sealed cover and shall be accompanied by one of the following forms of bidder’s security:(a) Cash.(b) A cashier’s check made payable to the local agency.(c) A certified check made payable to the local agency.(d) A bidder’s bond executed by an admitted surety insurer, made payable to the local agency.Upon an award to the lowest bidder, the security of an unsuccessful bidder shall be returned in a reasonable period of time, but in no event shall that security be held by the local agency beyond 60 days from the time the award is made.(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 808, Sec. 6.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20190 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 5 - Municipal Utility Districts|Section 20190.

20190.  The provisions of this article shall apply to contracts subject to the Municipal Utility District Act provided for in Division 6 (commencing with Section 11501) of the Public Utilities Code.(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20191 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 5 - Municipal Utility Districts|Section 20191.

20191.  Any district operating utility works may accept, without limitation by any other provisions of this division requiring approval of indebtedness, loans from any person, firm, or corporation for the purpose of financing the construction of office buildings, warehouses, and garages for the district, and the acquisition of sites therefor, with appurtenances necessary or convenient thereto. The evidence of the district’s indebtedness shall constitute a negotiable instrument.As used in this section, “construction” includes the meaning of “reconstruction,” “repair,” “improve,” “remodeling,” “rehabilitation,’ ’ and “completion.”(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 465, Sec. 11.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20192 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 5 - Municipal Utility Districts|Section 20192.

20192.  (a) Whenever the cost of construction of any office building, warehouse, or garage of the district constructed under Section 20191 exceeds the sum of two thousand dollars ($2,000), the district shall adopt plans and specifications and working details, as may be proper, and shall advertise for bids for the work in accordance with the plans and specifications so adopted. All bidders shall be afforded an opportunity to examine the plans and specifications and the district shall award the contract to the lowest responsible bidder.(b) All bids for construction work shall be presented under sealed cover and shall be accompanied by one of the following forms of bidder’s security:(1) Cash.(2) A cashier’s check made payable to the district.(3) A certified check made payable to the district.(4) A bidder’s bond executed by an admitted surety insurer, made payable to the district.Upon an award to the lowest bidder, the security of an unsuccessful bidder shall be returned in a reasonable period of time, but in no event shall that security be held by the district beyond 60 days from the time the award is made.(c) The person or corporation to whom the contract is awarded shall be required to execute a bond for the faithful performance of the contract. The form of the bond shall be approved by the board of directors. In cases of great emergency and when necessary to protect life and property, the board of directors, by unanimous vote of all members present, may without advertising for bids therefor, have the work done by day labor.(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 808, Sec. 7.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20200 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20200.

20200.  The provisions of this article shall apply to contracts subject to the Public Utility District Act provided for in Division 7 (commencing with Section 15501) of the Public Utilities Code.(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 269, Sec. 23. (SB 184) Effective January 1, 2016.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20201 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20201.

20201.  Every complete project for new construction or project for any alteration, maintenance, or repair, if the costs of materials, supplies and labor exceed fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000), shall be let to the lowest responsible bidder. The board shall adopt plans and specifications, strain sheets, and working details and shall advertise for bids for the project in accordance with the plans and specifications so adopted. Notice inviting bids for all projects shall be published in a newspaper in the district at least one week prior to the time specified for receiving bids.(Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 142, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1999.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20201.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20201.5.

20201.5.  All bids for construction work shall be presented under sealed cover and shall be accompanied by one of the following forms of bidder’s security:(a) Cash.(b) A cashier’s check made payable to the district.(c) A certified check made payable to the district.(d) A bidder’s bond executed by an admitted surety insurer, made payable to the district.Upon an award to the lowest bidder, the security of an unsuccessful bidder shall be returned in a reasonable period of time, but in no event shall that security be held by the district beyond 60 days from the time the award is made.(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 808, Sec. 8.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20202.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20202.1.

20202.1.  The provisions of this article shall apply to contracts by public utility districts as provided for in the Public Utility District Act pursuant to Division 7 (commencing with Section 15501) of the Public Utilities Code.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20202.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20202.2.

20202.2.  A district may make contracts, employ labor, and do all acts necessary and convenient for the full exercise of its powers.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20204.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20204.1.

20204.1.  All bidders shall be afforded an opportunity to examine such plans and specifications, and the board shall award the contract to the lowest responsible bidder. The plans and specifications adopted shall be attached to and become part of the contract.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20204.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20204.2.

20204.2.  The person or corporation to whom the contract is awarded shall execute a bond, to be approved by the board, for the faithful performance of the contract.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20204.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20204.3.

20204.3.  All bids for construction work submitted pursuant to this article shall be presented under sealed cover and shall be accompanied by one of the following forms of security:(a) Cash.(b) A cashier’s check made payable to the district.(c) A certified check made payable to the district.(d) A bidder’s bond executed by an admitted surety insurer, made payable to the district.Upon an award to the lowest bidder, the security of an unsuccessful bidder shall be returned in a reasonable period of time, but in no event shall that security be held by the district beyond 60 days from the time the award is made.(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 808, Sec. 9.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20205.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20205.1.

20205.1.  In case of an emergency, the board shall respond to the emergency pursuant to Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 22050) if notice for bids to let contracts will not be given.(Repealed and added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 803, Sec. 1.4. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20205.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20205.2.

20205.2.  Nothing in this article prohibits the board from doing or causing to be done directly by the district, and without any contract, any or all work necessary or proper in or about the making of all current and ordinary repairs or in or about current and ordinary upkeep or maintenance.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.1.

20206.1.  Upon the determination of the board by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of its members that all bids submitted are unsatisfactory or are excessive, the district may do any necessary and proper work and make any necessary and proper expenditures in lieu of contracting for the performance of such proposed work.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.2.

20206.2.  Plans and specifications when once adopted shall not be altered or changed in any manner whereby the cost of the proposed work is increased, except by a majority vote of the board.(Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 1226, Sec. 16.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.3.

20206.3.  A contract made under this article shall not be altered or changed in any manner, except when first ordered by a vote of two-thirds of the board, and with the consent of the contractor. The particular change or alteration shall be specified in writing and its cost agreed upon between the board and the contractor. In no case shall the board pay or become liable to pay for any extra work done or extra material furnished.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.4.

20206.4.  Except as otherwise provided in this article, the board may annually advertise for sealed bids for furnishing the district with goods, merchandise, stores, subsistence, printing, materials, and all other supplies, and advertising. The advertisement shall be published pursuant to Section 6062 of the Government Code in the county in which the greater part of the district is situated.(Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 142, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1999.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.5.

20206.5.  All bids shall be upon a schedule prepared by the clerk, showing all articles needed by the district and its several offices and stating separately the price of each article to be furnished. Any person may bid upon any article separately.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.6.

20206.6.  Notices of proposals for furnishing articles shall mention the articles in general and shall state that the conditions and schedule may be found in the office of the clerk of the district and that the articles are to be delivered at such times, in such quantities, and in such manner as the board may designate.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20206.9 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20206.9.

20206.9.  The clerk shall furnish printed blanks for all proposals and contracts.(Amended by Stats. 1993, Ch. 1195, Sec. 25. Effective January 1, 1994.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20207.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20207.1.

20207.1.  In considering bids the board may accept or reject all or any of them, or may accept or reject part of a bid, preference being given to the lowest responsible bidder. The award as to each article shall in all cases be made to the lowest bidder for such article.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20207.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20207.2.

20207.2.  All supplies furnished the district or its officers shall be furnished at a price no greater than is specified in the bid accepted by the board.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)
CA Pub Cont Code § 20207.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Public Contract Code - PCC|DIVISION 2 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|PART 3 - CONTRACTING BY LOCAL AGENCIES|CHAPTER 1 - Local Agency Public Construction Act|ARTICLE 6.5 - Public Utility Districts|Section 20207.3.

20207.3.  All bids shall be opened by the board at an hour and place to be stated in the advertisements for proposals, in the presence of all bidders who attend, and the bidders may inspect the bids.(Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 256, Sec. 83.)