reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
6 DE Code § 11-106. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Article 11. Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 11-106. Required refilings.

§ 11-106. Required refilings. (1) If a security interest is perfected or has priority when this Act takes effect as to all persons or as to certain persons without any filing or recording, and if the filing of a financing statement would be required for the perfection or priority of the security interest against those persons under the Revised Uniform Commercial Code, the perfection and priority rights of the security interest continue until 3 years after this Act takes effect. The perfection will then lapse unless a financing statement is filed as provided in subsection (4) or unless the security interest is perfected otherwise than by filing. (2) If a security interest is perfected when this Act takes effect under a law other than the Uniform Commercial Code which requires no further filing, refiling or recording to continue its perfection, perfection continues until and will lapse 3 years after this Act takes effect, unless a financing statement is filed as provided in subsection (4), unless the security interest is perfected otherwise than by filing, or unless under subsection (3) of former Section 9-302 [see now subsection (a) of Section 9-311] the other law continues to govern filing. (3) If a security interest is perfected by a filing, refiling or recording under a law repealed by this Act (other than any part of the Prior Uniform Commercial Code) which required further filing, refiling or recording to continue its perfection, perfection continues and will lapse on the date provided by the law so repealed for such further filing, refiling or recording unless before such date a financing statement is filed as provided in subsection (4) or unless before such date the security interest is perfected otherwise than by filing. (4) A financing statement may be filed within 6 months before the perfection of a security interest would otherwise lapse. Any such financing statement may be signed by either the debtor or the secured party. It must identify the security agreement, statement or notice (however denominated in any statute or other law repealed or modified by this Act), state the office where and the date when the last filing, refiling or recording, if any, was made with respect thereto, and the filing number, if any, or book and page, if any, of recording and further state that the security agreement, statement or notice, however denominated, in another filing office under the Uniform Commercial Code or under any statute or other law repealed or modified by this Act is still effective. Former Section 9-401 and former Section 9-103 determine the proper place to file such a financing statement. Except as specified in this subsection, the provisions of former Section 9-403(3) [see now subsections (d) and (e) of Section 9-515, generally] for continuation statements apply to such a financing statement. 64 Del. Laws, c. 152, §  8;
6 DE Code § 11-108. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Article 11. Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 11-108. Transition provisions as to priorities.

§ 11-108. Transition provisions as to priorities. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the Prior Uniform Commercial Code shall apply to any questions of priority if the positions of the parties were fixed prior to January 1, 1984. In other cases questions of priority shall be determined by the Revised Uniform Commercial Code. 64 Del. Laws, c. 152, §  8;
6 DE Code § 11-109. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Article 11. Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 11-109. Presumption that rule of law continues unchanged.

§ 11-109. Presumption that rule of law continues unchanged. Unless a change in law has clearly been made, the Revised Uniform Commercial Code shall be deemed declaratory of the meaning of the Prior Uniform Commercial Code. 64 Del. Laws, c. 152, §  8;
6 DE Code § 1201. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1201. Liability for certain acts.

§ 1201. Liability for certain acts. (a) Any person who:  (1) Knowingly presents, or causes to be presented a false or fraudulent claim for payment or approval; (2) Knowingly makes, uses or causes to be made or used a false record or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim; (3) Conspires to commit a violation of paragraph (a)(1), (2), (4), (5), (6) or (7) of this section; (4) Has possession, custody or control of property or money used or to be used by the Government and knowingly delivers or causes to be delivered, less than all of that money or property; (5) Is authorized to make or deliver a document certifying receipt of property used or to be used by the Government and, intending to defraud the Government, makes or delivers the receipt without completely knowing that the information on the receipt is true; (6) Knowingly buys, or receives as a pledge of an obligation or debt, public property from an officer or employee of the Government who may not lawfully sell or pledge the property; or (7) Knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used a false record or statement material to an obligation to pay or transmit money or property to the Government, or knowingly conceals or knowingly and improperly avoids or decreases an obligation to pay or transmit money or property to the Government shall be liable to the Government for a civil penalty of not less than $10,957 and not more than $21,916, as adjusted by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 2015 (28 U.S.C. § 2461, note), for each act constituting a violation of this section, plus 3 times the amount of damages which the Government sustains because of the act of that person. (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the court may assess not less than 2 times the amount of damages which the Government sustains because of the act of the person, if:  (1) The person committing the violation of this subsection furnished officials of the Government responsible for investigating false claims violations with all information known to such person about the violation within 30 days after the date on which the defendant first obtained the information; (2) Such person fully cooperated with any government investigation of such violations; and (3) At the time such person furnished the Government with the information about the violation, no criminal prosecution, civil action, investigation or administrative action had commenced under this title with respect to such violation, and the person did not have actual knowledge of the existence of an investigation into such violations. A person violating this subsection shall also be liable for the costs of a civil action brought to recover any such penalty or damages, including payment of reasonable attorney's fees and costs. (c) The Superior Court shall have jurisdiction of all offenses under this chapter. 72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §§  1-4;  79 Del. Laws, c. 141, §  1;  81 Del. Laws, c. 438, § 1;
6 DE Code § 1202. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1202. Definitions.

§ 1202. Definitions. As used in this chapter:  (1) “Claim” means any request or demand, whether under a contract or otherwise, for money or property and whether or not the Government has title to the money or property, that:  a. Is presented to an officer, employee, or agent of the Government; or b. Is made to a contractor, grantee, or other recipient, if the money or property is to be spent or used on the Government's behalf or to advance a Government program or interest, and if the Government:  1. Provides or has provided any portion of the money or property requested or demanded; or 2. Will reimburse such contractor, grantee, or other recipient for any portion of the money or property which is requested or demanded. “Claim” does not include requests or demands for money or property that the Government has paid to an individual as compensation for employment with the Government or as an income subsidy with no restrictions on that individual's use of the money or property. (2) “Government” includes all departments, boards or commissions of the executive branch of the State, all political subdivisions of the State, the Delaware Department of Transportation and all state and municipal authorities, all organizations created by or pursuant to a statute which declares in substance that such organization performs or has for its purpose the performance of an essential governmental function, and all organizations, entities or persons receiving funds of the State where the act complained of pursuant to this chapter relates to the use of such funds of the State. (3) “Knowing” and “knowingly” mean that a person, with respect to information:  a. Has actual knowledge of the information; b. Acts in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the information; or c. Acts in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information, and no proof of specific intent to defraud is required. (4) “Material” includes anything having a natural tendency to influence, or be capable of influencing, the payment or receipt of money or property. (5) “Obligation” includes an established duty, whether or not fixed, arising from an express or implied contractual, grantor-grantee, or licensor-licensee relationship, from a fee-based or similar relationship, from statute or regulation, or from the retention of any overpayment.72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §§  5, 6;  79 Del. Laws, c. 141, §  1;
6 DE Code § 1203. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1203. Civil actions for false claims.

§ 1203. Civil actions for false claims. (a) Responsibilities of the Attorney General. — The Attorney General shall diligently investigate suspected violations under this chapter. If the Attorney General finds that a person has violated or is violating the provisions of this chapter, the Attorney General may bring a civil action under this section against the person. (b) Private actions. — (1) A private civil action may be brought by any person or labor organization as defined by § 1107A(d) of Title 19 (hereinafter “private party” or “party”) for a violation of this chapter on behalf of the party bringing suit and for the government. The action shall be brought in the name of the government. The action may be dismissed only if the court and the Department of Justice give written consent to the dismissal and their reasons for consenting. (2) A copy of the complaint and written disclosure of substantially all material evidence and information the private party possesses shall be served on the Department of Justice pursuant to Rules 4 and 5 of the Superior Court Civil Rules. The complaint shall be filed in camera and shall remain under seal for at least 60 days. The complaint shall not be served on the defendant until the expiration of 60 days or any extension approved under paragraph (b)(3) of this section. Within 60 days after receiving a copy of the complaint, the Department of Justice shall conduct an investigation of the factual allegations and legal contentions made in the complaint. The Department of Justice may elect to intervene and proceed with the action within 60 days after it receives the complaint, the material evidence and information. (3) The Department of Justice may, for good cause shown, move the court for extensions of the time during which the complaint remains under seal under paragraph (b)(2) of this section. Any such motion may be supported by affidavits or other submissions in camera. The defendant shall not be required to respond to any complaint filed under this section until 20 days after the complaint is unsealed and served upon the defendant pursuant to Rule 4 of the Superior Court Civil Rules. (4) Before the expiration of the 60-day period or any extensions obtained under paragraph (b)(3) of this section, or within 20 days of being notified by the court that the seal has expired, the Department of Justice shall:  a. Proceed with the action, in which case the action shall be conducted by the Department of Justice; or b. Notify the court that it declines to take over the action, in which case the private party bringing the action shall have the right to conduct the action. (5) When a party brings an action under this subsection, no party other than the Department of Justice may intervene or bring a related action based on the facts underlying the pending action.72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §§  7-12;  79 Del. Laws, c. 141, §  1;
6 DE Code § 1206. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1206. Certain actions barred.

§ 1206. Certain actions barred. (a) In no event may a person bring an action under this chapter which is based upon allegations or transactions which are the subject of a civil suit or an administrative proceeding in which the government is already a party. (b) The court shall dismiss an action or claim under this section, unless opposed by the government, if substantially the same allegations or transactions as alleged in the action or claim were publicly disclosed:  (1) In any criminal, civil, or administrative hearing in which the government or its agent is a party; (2) In any government-generated report, hearing, audit, or investigation; or (3) From the news media. The requirement to dismiss actions or claims as set forth in this subsection shall not apply to actions brought by the Attorney General or where the person bringing the action is an original source of the information. (c) For purposes of this section, “original source” means an individual who either:  (1) Prior to a public disclosure under subsection (b) of this section, has voluntarily disclosed to the government the information on which allegations or transactions in a claim are based; or (2) Who has knowledge that is independent of and materially adds to the publicly disclosed allegations or transactions, and who has voluntarily provided the information to the government before filing an action under this section.72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §  23;  79 Del. Laws, c. 141, §  1;
6 DE Code § 1207. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1207. Government not liable for certain expenses.

§ 1207. Government not liable for certain expenses. No Government shall be liable for expenses which a party incurs in bringing an action under this chapter. 72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;
6 DE Code § 1208. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1208. Employee protection.

§ 1208. Employee protection. (a) Any employee, contractor, or agent shall be entitled to all relief necessary to make that employee, contractor, or agent whole, if that employee, contractor, or agent is discharged, demoted, suspended, threatened, harassed, or in any other manner discriminated against in the terms and conditions of employment because of lawful acts done by the employee, contractor, agent or associated others in furtherance of an action under this chapter or other efforts to stop 1 or more violations of this chapter. Such relief shall include reinstatement with the same seniority status that employee, contractor, or agent would have had but for the discrimination, 2 times the amount of back pay, interest on the back pay, and compensation for any special damages sustained as a result of the discrimination, including litigation costs and reasonable attorneys' fees. An action under this subsection may be brought in the Superior Court of the State of Delaware in and for the county where the violation is alleged to have occurred. A civil action under this subsection may not be brought more than 3 years after the date when the alleged retaliation occurred. (b) It shall be the duty of every employer of more than 15 employees to post and maintain in a place accessible to its employees and where they normally pass a summary of this chapter upon request and without charge. Such summaries shall be provided by the Delaware Department of Justice to the Delaware Department of Labor for distribution. As an alternative to posting, such employer may establish written policies for all employees that provide an explanation of state and federal False Claims Act [this chapter and 31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq.] provisions and a resource for obtaining additional information about the law. 72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;  70 Del. Laws, c. 186, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §  24;  79 Del. Laws, c. 141, §  1;
6 DE Code § 1209. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1209. False claims and reporting procedure.

§ 1209. False claims and reporting procedure. (a) A civil action under this chapter may not be brought:  (1) More than 6 years after the date on which the violation is committed; or (2) More than 3 years after the date when facts material to the right of action are known or reasonably should have been known by the official of the Government charged with responsibility to act in the circumstances, but in no event more than 10 years after the date on which the violation is committed, whichever occurs last. (b) In any action brought under this chapter, the Department of Justice or the private party shall be required to prove all essential elements of the cause of action, including damages, by a preponderance of the evidence. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Delaware Rules of Criminal Procedure, or the Delaware Rules of Civil Procedure, a final judgment rendered in favor of the Government in any criminal proceeding charging fraud or false statements, whether upon a verdict after trial or upon a plea of guilty, shall estop the defendant from denying the essential elements of the offense in any action which involves the same transaction as in the criminal proceeding and which is brought under this chapter. (d) Upon motion of the Department of Justice, the court shall have the power to grant other equitable relief, including temporary injunctive relief, as is necessary to prevent the transfer, concealment or dissipation of the illegal proceeds, or to protect the public. (e) For statute of limitations purposes, any Government pleading shall relate back to the filing date of the complaint of the person who originally brought the action, to the extent that the claim of the Government arises out of the conduct, transactions, or occurrences set forth, or attempted to be set forth, in the prior complaint of that person. 72 Del. Laws, c. 370, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §§  25, 26;  79 Del. Laws, c. 141, §  1;
6 DE Code § 1210. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1210. Annual reporting requirement.

§ 1210. Annual reporting requirement. On August 15, 2009, and annually on July 16, the Department of Justice shall submit to the Delaware legislature a report containing the following information:  (1) The number of cases the Department of Justice has filed during the previous calendar year under this chapter; (2) The number of cases private individuals filed under this chapter during the previous calendar year, including those cases that remain under seal, and specifying:  a. The state or federal courts in which those cases were filed and the number of cases filed in each court; b. The state program or agency that is involved in each case; c. The number of cases filed by private individuals who previously had filed an action based on the same or similar transactions or allegations under the federal False Claims Act [31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq.] or the false claims act of another state; and d. The amount recovered by the State under this section in settlement, damages, penalties, and litigation costs.77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §  27;
6 DE Code § 1211. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12. Delaware False Claims and Reporting Act|§ 1211. Severability of noncompliant provisions.

§ 1211. Severability of noncompliant provisions. Any provision of this chapter that the federal government determines does not comply with the requirements for state false claims acts set forth in the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (Pub. L. 109-171, 120 Stat. 4) shall be repealed to the extent that this chapter is inconsistent with the Deficit Reduction Act. 77 Del. Laws, c. 166, §  28;
6 DE Code § 12A-101. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12A. Uniform Electronic Transactions Act|§ 12A-101. Short title.

§ 12A-101. Short title. This chapter may be cited as the “Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.” 72 Del. Laws, c. 457, §  1;
6 DE Code § 12A-103. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12A. Uniform Electronic Transactions Act|§ 12A-103. Scope.

§ 12A-103. Scope. (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, this chapter applies to electronic records and electronic signatures relating to a transaction. (b) This chapter does not apply to a transaction to the extent it is governed by:  (1) A law governing the creation and execution of wills or codicils; (2) The Uniform Commercial Code other than Sections 1-107 [see now Section 1-306] and 1-206 [former version of Section 1-206, to which this reference referred, has been repealed], Article 2, and Article 2A; (3) The Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act; (4) The General Corporation Law of the State [§§ 101 to 398 of Title 8], the Delaware Professional Service Corporation Act [§ 601 et seq. of Title 8], the Delaware Revised Uniform Partnership Act [§ 15-101 et seq. of this title], the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act [§ 17-101 et seq. of this title], the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act [§ 18-101 et seq. of this title], the Delaware Uniform Partnership Law and the Delaware Statutory Trust Act [§ 3801 et seq. of Title 12]; (5) The Corporation Law for State Banks and Trust Companies, Credit Card Institutions and the Corporation Law for State Savings Banks in Chapters 7, 15 and 16, respectively, of Title 5. (c) This chapter applies to an electronic record or electronic signature otherwise excluded from the application of this chapter under subsection (b) of this section to the extent it is governed by a law other than those specified in subsection (b) of this section. (d) A transaction subject to this chapter is also subject to other applicable substantive law. 72 Del. Laws, c. 457, §  1;  73 Del. Laws, c. 329, §  9;  83 Del. Laws, c. 69, § 1;
6 DE Code § 12A-104. (2021)
2021 Delaware Code|Title 6 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 12A. Uniform Electronic Transactions Act|§ 12A-104. Prospective application.

§ 12A-104. Prospective application. This chapter applies to any electronic record or electronic signature created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored on or after July 14, 2000. 72 Del. Laws, c. 457, §  1;