reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
810 ILCS 5/8-106
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-106)Sec. 8-106. Control.(a) A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in bearer  form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser.(b) A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in registered  form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser, and:(1) the certificate is indorsed to the purchaser or     in blank by an effective indorsement; or(2) the certificate is registered in the name of the     purchaser, upon original issue or registration of transfer by the issuer.(c) A purchaser has "control" of an uncertificated security if:(1) the uncertificated security is delivered to the     purchaser; or(2) the issuer has agreed that it will comply with     instructions originated by the purchaser without further consent by the registered owner.(d) A purchaser has "control" of a security entitlement if:(1) the purchaser becomes the entitlement holder;(2) the securities intermediary has agreed that it     will comply with entitlement orders originated by the purchaser without further consent by the entitlement holder; or(3) another person has control of the security     entitlement on behalf of the purchaser or, having previously acquired control of the security entitlement, acknowledges that it has control on behalf of the purchaser.(e) If an interest in a security entitlement is granted by the  entitlement holder to the entitlement holder's own securities intermediary,  the securities intermediary has control.(f) A purchaser who has satisfied the requirements of subsection (c) or  (d) has control even if the registered owner in the case of subsection (c)  or the entitlement holder in the case of subsection (d) retains the right to  make substitutions for the uncertificated security or security entitlement,  to originate instructions or entitlement orders to the issuer or securities  intermediary, or otherwise to deal with the uncertificated security or  security entitlement.(g) An issuer or a securities intermediary may not enter into an  agreement of the kind described in subsection (c)(2) or (d)(2) without the  consent of the registered owner or entitlement holder, but an issuer or a  securities intermediary is not required to enter into such an agreement even  though the registered owner or entitlement holder so directs.  An issuer or  securities intermediary that has entered into such an agreement is not  required to confirm the existence of the agreement to another party unless  requested to do so by the registered owner or entitlement holder.       (Source: P.A. 95-331, eff. 8-21-07.)
810 ILCS 5/8-107
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-107)Sec. 8-107.         Whether indorsement, instruction, or  entitlement order is effective.(a) "Appropriate person" means:(1) with respect to an indorsement, the person     specified by a security certificate or by an effective special indorsement to be entitled to the security;(2) with respect to an instruction, the registered     owner of an uncertificated security;(3) with respect to an entitlement order, the     entitlement holder;(4) if the person designated in paragraph (1), (2),     or (3) is deceased, the designated person's successor taking under other law or the designated person's personal representative acting for the estate of the decedent; or(5) if the person designated in paragraph (1), (2),     or (3) lacks capacity, the designated person's guardian, conservator, or other similar representative who has power under other law to transfer the security or financial asset.(b) An indorsement, instruction, or entitlement order is effective if:(1) it is made by the appropriate person;(2) it is made by a person who has power under the     law of agency to transfer the security or financial asset on behalf of the appropriate person, including, in the case of an instruction or entitlement order, a person who has control under Section 8-106(c)(2) or (d)(2); or(3) the appropriate person has ratified it or is     otherwise precluded from asserting its ineffectiveness.(c) An indorsement, instruction, or entitlement order made by a  representative is effective even if:(1) the representative has failed to comply with a     controlling instrument or with the law of the state having jurisdiction of the representative relationship, including any law requiring the representative to obtain court approval of the transaction; or(2) the representative's action in making the     indorsement, instruction, or entitlement order or using the proceeds of the transaction is otherwise a breach of duty.(d) If a security is registered in the name of or specially indorsed to  a person described as a representative, or if a securities account is  maintained in the name of a person described as a representative, an  indorsement, instruction, or entitlement order made by the person is  effective even though the person is no longer serving in the described  capacity.(e) Effectiveness of an indorsement, instruction, or entitlement  order is determined as of the date the indorsement, instruction, or  entitlement order is made, and an indorsement, instruction, or entitlement  order does not become ineffective by reason of any later change of  circumstances.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-109
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-109.     Warranties in indirect holding.(a) A person who originates an entitlement order to a securities  intermediary warrants to the securities intermediary that:(1) the entitlement order is made by an appropriate     person, or if the entitlement order is by an agent, the agent has actual authority to act on behalf of the appropriate person; and(2) there is no adverse claim to the security     entitlement.(b) A person who delivers a security certificate to a securities  intermediary for credit to a securities account or originates an instruction  with respect to an uncertificated security directing that the uncertificated  security be credited to a securities account makes to the securities  intermediary the warranties specified in Section 8-108(a) or (b).(c) If a securities intermediary delivers a security certificate to its  entitlement holder or causes its entitlement holder to be registered as the  owner of an uncertificated security, the securities intermediary makes to the  entitlement holder the warranties specified in Section 8-108(a) or (b).    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-111
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-111.     Clearing corporation rules.     A rule  adopted by a clearing corporation governing rights and obligations among  the clearing corporation and its participants in the clearing corporation is  effective even if the rule conflicts with this Code and affects another  party who does not consent to the rule.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-112
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-112.     Creditor's legal process.(a) The interest of a debtor in a certificated security may be  reached by a creditor only by actual seizure of the security certificate by the  officer making the attachment or levy, except as otherwise provided in  subsection (d).  However, a certificated security for which the certificate has  been surrendered to the issuer may be reached by a creditor by legal process  upon the issuer.(b) The interest of a debtor in an uncertificated security may be  reached by a creditor only by legal process upon the issuer at its chief  executive office in the United States, except as otherwise provided in  subsection (d).(c) The interest of a debtor in a security entitlement may be  reached by a creditor only by legal process upon the securities intermediary  with whom the debtor's securities account is maintained, except as otherwise  provided in subsection (d).(d) The interest of a debtor in a certificated security for which the  certificate is in the possession of a secured party, or in an uncertificated  security registered in the name of a secured party, or a security entitlement  maintained in the name of a secured party, may be reached by a creditor by  legal process upon the secured party.(e) A creditor whose debtor is the owner of a certificated security,  uncertificated security, or security entitlement is entitled to aid from a  court  of competent jurisdiction, by injunction or otherwise, in reaching the  certificated security, uncertificated security, or security entitlement or in  satisfying the claim by means allowed at law or in equity in regard to  property that cannot readily be reached by other legal process.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-113
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-113.     Statute of frauds inapplicable.     A contract  or modification of a contract for the sale or purchase of a security is  enforceable whether or not there is a writing signed or record authenticated  by a party against whom enforcement is sought, even if the contract or  modification is not capable of performance within one year of its making.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-114
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-114.         Evidentiary rules concerning  certificated securities.The following rules apply in an action on a  certificated security against the issuer:(1) Unless specifically denied in the pleadings, each     signature on a security certificate or in a necessary indorsement is admitted.(2) If the effectiveness of a signature is put in     issue, the burden of establishing effectiveness is on the party claiming under the signature, but the signature is presumed to be genuine or authorized.(3) If signatures on a security certificate are     admitted or established, production of the certificate entitles a holder to recover on it unless the defendant establishes a defense or a defect going to the validity of the security.(4) If it is shown that a defense or defect exists,     the plaintiff has the burden of establishing that the plaintiff or some person under whom the plaintiff claims is a person against whom the defense or defect cannot be asserted.   (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-115
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-115.         Securities intermediary and others not  liable to adverse claimant.  A securities intermediary that has  transferred a financial asset pursuant to an effective entitlement order, or a  broker or other agent or bailee that has dealt with a financial asset at the  direction of its customer or principal, is not liable to a person having an  adverse claim to the financial asset, unless the securities intermediary, or  broker or other agent or bailee:(1) took the action after it had been served with an     injunction, restraining order, or other legal process enjoining it from doing so, issued by a court of competent jurisdiction, and had a reasonable opportunity to act on the injunction, restraining order, or other legal process; or(2) acted in collusion with the wrongdoer in     violating the rights of the adverse claimant; or(3) in the case of a security certificate that has     been stolen, acted with notice of the adverse claim.   (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-116
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-116.         Securities intermediary as purchaser  for value.  A securities intermediary that receives a financial asset and  establishes a security entitlement to the financial asset in favor of an  entitlement holder is a purchaser for value of the financial asset.  A  securities intermediary that acquires a security entitlement to a financial  asset from another securities intermediary acquires the security entitlement  for value if the securities intermediary acquiring the security entitlement  establishes a security entitlement to the financial asset in favor of an  entitlement holder.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/Art. 8 Pt. 2 heading
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 PART 2.      ISSUE AND ISSUER
810 ILCS 5/8-201
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-201)Sec. 8-201.     Issuer.(a) With respect to an obligation on or a defense to a security, an  "issuer" includes a person that:(1) places or authorizes the placing of its name on a     security certificate, other than as authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or the like, to evidence a share, participation, or other interest in its property or in an enterprise, or to evidence its duty to perform an obligation represented by the certificate;(2) creates a share, participation, or other interest     in its property or in an enterprise, or undertakes an obligation, that is an uncertificated security;(3) directly or indirectly creates a fractional     interest in its rights or property, if the fractional interest is represented by a security certificate; or(4) becomes responsible for, or in place of, another     person described as an issuer in this Section.(b) With respect to an obligation on or defense to a security, a  guarantor is an issuer to the extent of its guaranty, whether or not its  obligation is noted on a security certificate.(c) With respect to a registration of a transfer, issuer means a  person on whose behalf transfer books are maintained.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-203
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-203)Sec. 8-203.     Staleness as notice of defect or defense.     After an act or event, other than a call that has been revoked,  creating a right to immediate performance of the principal obligation  represented by a certificated security or setting a date on or after which the  security is to be presented or surrendered for redemption or exchange, a  purchaser is charged with notice of any defect in its issue or defense of the  issuer, if the act or event:(1) requires the payment of money, the delivery of a     certificated security, the registration of transfer of an uncertificated security, or any of them on presentation or surrender of the security certificate, the money or security is available on the date set for payment or exchange, and the purchaser takes the security more than one year after that date; or(2) is not covered by paragraph (1) and the purchaser     takes the security more than 2 years after the date set for surrender or presentation or the date on which performance became due.   (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-204
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-204)Sec. 8-204.     Effect of issuer's restriction on transfer.     A restriction on transfer of a security imposed by the issuer,  even if otherwise lawful, is ineffective against a person without knowledge of  the restriction unless:(1) the security is certificated and the restriction     is noted conspicuously on the security certificate; or(2) the security is uncertificated and the registered     owner has been notified of the restriction.   (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-205
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-205)Sec. 8-205.         Effect of unauthorized signature on  security certificate.  An unauthorized signature placed on a security  certificate before or in the course of issue is ineffective, but the signature  is effective in favor of a purchaser for value of the certificated security if  the purchaser is without notice of the lack of authority and the signing has  been done by:(1) an authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer     agent, or other person entrusted by the issuer with the signing of the security certificate or of similar security certificates, or the immediate preparation for signing of any of them; or(2) an employee of the issuer, or of any of the     persons listed in paragraph (1), entrusted with responsible handling of the security certificate.   (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-206
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-206)Sec. 8-206.         Completion or alteration of security  certificate.(a) If a security certificate contains the signatures necessary to its  issue or transfer but is incomplete in any other respect:(1) any person may complete it by filling in the     blanks as authorized; and(2) even if the blanks are incorrectly filled in, the     security certificate as completed is enforceable by a purchaser who took it for value and without notice of the incorrectness.(b) A complete security certificate that has been improperly altered, even  if fraudulently, remains enforceable, but only according to its original  terms.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-207
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-207)Sec. 8-207.     Rights and duties of issuer with respect to registered owners.(a) Before due presentment for registration of transfer of a  certificated security in registered form or of an instruction requesting  registration of transfer of an uncertificated security, the issuer or indenture  trustee may treat the registered owner as the person exclusively entitled to  vote, receive notifications, and otherwise exercise all the rights and powers  of an owner.(b) This Article does not affect the liability of the registered owner  of a security for a call, assessment, or the like.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-208
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-208)Sec. 8-208.         Effect of signature of authenticating trustee, registrar,  or transfer agent.(a) A person signing a security certificate as authenticating trustee,  registrar, transfer agent, or the like, warrants to a purchaser for value of  the certificated security, if the purchaser is without notice of a particular  defect, that:(1) the certificate is genuine;(2) the person's own participation in the issue of     the security is within the person's capacity and within the scope of the authority received by the person from the issuer; and(3) the person has reasonable grounds to believe that     the certificated security is in the form and within the amount the issuer is authorized to issue.(b) Unless otherwise agreed, a person signing under subsection (a) does  not assume responsibility for the validity of the security in other respects.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-209
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-209.     Issuer's lien.     A lien in favor of an issuer upon a  certificated security is valid against a purchaser only if the right of the  issuer to the lien is noted conspicuously on the security certificate.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/8-210
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

Sec. 8-210.     Overissue.(a) In this Section, "overissue" means the issue of securities in  excess of the amount the issuer has corporate power to issue, but an  overissue does not occur if appropriate action has cured the overissue.(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c) and (d), the  provisions of this Article which validate a security or compel its issue or  reissue do not apply to the extent that validation, issue, or reissue would  result in overissue.(c) If an identical security not constituting an overissue is  reasonably available for purchase, a person entitled to issue or validation  may compel the issuer to purchase the security and deliver it if certificated  or register its transfer if uncertificated, against surrender of any security  certificate the person holds.(d) If a security is not reasonably available for purchase, a person  entitled to issue or validation may recover from the issuer the price the  person or the last purchaser for value paid for it with interest from the date  of the person's demand.    (Source: P.A. 89-364, eff. 1-1-96.)
810 ILCS 5/Art. 8 Pt. 3 heading
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 PART 3.      TRANSFER OF CERTIFICATED AND UNCERTIFICATED SECURITIES
810 ILCS 5/8-301
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-301)Sec. 8-301.     Delivery.(a) Delivery of a certificated security to a purchaser occurs when:(1) the purchaser acquires possession of the security     certificate;(2) another person, other than a securities     intermediary, either acquires possession of the security certificate on behalf of the purchaser or, having previously acquired possession of the certificate, acknowledges that it holds for the purchaser; or(3) a securities intermediary acting on behalf of the     purchaser acquires possession of the security certificate, only if the certificate is in registered form and is (i) registered in the name of the purchaser, (ii) payable to the order of the purchaser, or (iii) specially indorsed to the purchaser by an effective indorsement and has not been indorsed to the securities intermediary or in blank.(b) Delivery of an uncertificated security to a purchaser occurs  when:(1) the issuer registers the purchaser as the     registered owner, upon original issue or registration of transfer; or(2) another person, other than a securities     intermediary, either becomes the registered owner of the uncertificated security on behalf of the purchaser or, having previously become the registered owner, acknowledges that it holds for the purchaser.   (Source: P.A. 91-893, eff. 7-1-01.)
810 ILCS 5/8-302
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 810 - COMMERCIAL CODE|810 ILCS 5/ - Uniform Commercial Code.|Article 8 - Investment Securities

 (from Ch. 26, par. 8-302)Sec. 8-302.     Rights of purchaser.(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b) and (c), of a  certificated or uncertificated security acquires all rights in the security  that the transferor had or had  power to transfer.(b) A purchaser of a limited interest acquires rights only to the  extent of the interest purchased.(c) A purchaser of a certificated security who as a previous holder  had notice of an adverse claim does not improve its position by taking from  a protected purchaser.    (Source: P.A. 91-893, eff. 7-1-01.)