reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 23-3-124 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 3 - Equitable Remedies and Proceedings Generally|Article 6 - Taxpayer Protection Against False Claims|§ 23-3-124. Venue

 All civil actions brought under this article in a court of this state shall be brought in the county where the defendant or any one defendant, in the case of multiple defendants or defendants who are not residents of the State of Georgia, resides, can be found, transacts business, or commits an act in furtherance of the submittal of a false or fraudulent claim to the state or local government. Civil actions under this article may be brought in courts of the United States and other states if there is pendent jurisdiction.    (Code 1981, §23-3-124, enacted by Ga. L. 2012, p. 127, § 1-2/HB 822.)
GA Code § 23-3-126 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 3 - Equitable Remedies and Proceedings Generally|Article 6 - Taxpayer Protection Against False Claims|§ 23-3-126. Remedies Nonexclusive; Construction of Provisions

  The provisions of this article shall not be deemed exclusive, and the remedies provided for in this article shall be in addition to any other remedies provided for in any other law or available under common law.   This article shall be broadly construed and applied to promote the public's interest in combating fraud and false claims directed at the public's funds.     (Code 1981, §23-3-126, enacted by Ga. L. 2012, p. 127, § 1-2/HB 822.)   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section § 28-9-5, in 2012, "This article" was substituted for "This Act" in subsection (b).
GA Code § 23-3-127 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 3 - Equitable Remedies and Proceedings Generally|Article 6 - Taxpayer Protection Against False Claims|§ 23-3-127. Proceedings Involving Medicaid

 If a civil action can be commenced pursuant to Article 7B of Chapter 4 of Title 49, the "State False Medicaid Claims Act," the claimant shall proceed under Article 7B of Chapter 4 of Title 49.    (Code 1981, §23-3-127, enacted by Ga. L. 2012, p. 127, § 1-2/HB 822.)
GA Code § 23-4-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 23-4-1. Consolidation of Actions

 Where there is one common claim to be asserted by or against several, and one is asserting the claim against many, or many against one, the court may utilize equitable powers to consolidate and determine the whole matter in one action.   (Civil Code 1895, § 4846; Civil Code 1910, § 5419; Code 1933, § 37-1007.)   Law reviews.   - For article comparing sections of the Georgia Civil Practice Act with preexisting provisions of the Georgia Code, see 3 Ga. St. B.J. 295 (1967).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Proper Parties   Jurisdiction Generally   Pleading and Practice    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 27 Am. Jur. 2d, Equity, §§ 46 et seq., 248. 59 Am. Jur. 2d, Parties, §§ 3, 96.   C.J.S.   - 1 C.J.S., Actions, § 107 et seq. 30 C.J.S., Equity, § 68. 31 C.J.S., Equity, § 133 et seq. 67A C.J.S., Parties, § 4.   ALR.    - Joinder of parties or causes of action in suits under the Federal Employers' Liability Act, 13 A.L.R. 159.    Right to enjoin enforcement of illegal tax, local assessment, or license fee, upon joinder of several affected thereby, 32 A.L.R. 1266; 156 A.L.R. 319.    Power of equity to enjoin prosecution of independent actions at law by different persons injured by the same tort, 75 A.L.R. 1444.    Remaindermen as necessary or proper parties to action or proceeding between life tenant and trustee, 136 A.L.R. 696.   Joinder or representation of several claimants in action against carrier or utility to recover overcharge, 1 A.L.R.2d 160.   Appealability of state court order granting or denying consolidation, severance, or separate trials, 77 A.L.R.3d 1082.
GA Code § 23-4-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 23-4-2. How Extraordinary Remedies Claimed

 A claim for extraordinary relief or remedy to aid an action or defense may be asserted either by original pleading or by amendment.   (Ga. L. 1887, p. 64, § 4; Civil Code 1895, § 4839; Civil Code 1910, § 5412; Code 1933, § 37-907.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - By whom writ of assistance issued, 21 A.L.R. 358.
GA Code § 23-4-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 23-4-4. Proceedings Ex Parte or in Execution of Protective Powers; Petition

 All ex parte proceedings or proceedings for the execution of the protective powers of equity over trust estates or the estates of wards of equity shall be initiated by presenting a petition to the court. The court may order such other proceedings as the necessity of each case demands.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 4130; Code 1868, § 4162; Code 1873, § 4221; Code 1882, § 4221; Civil Code 1895, § 4863; Civil Code 1910, § 5436; Code 1933, § 37-1301.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Ex parte appointment of receiver for partnership, 169 A.L.R. 1127.
GA Code § 23-4-5 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 23-4-5. Receipt of and Action on Petition; Transmittal of Proceedings to Clerk

 The judge may receive and act upon the petitions described in Code Section 23-4-4 at chambers, always transmitting the entire proceedings to the clerk to be entered on the minutes or other records of the court.   (Ga. L. 1853-54, p. 59, § 1; Code 1863, § 4131; Code 1868, § 4163; Code 1873, § 4222; Code 1882, § 4222; Civil Code 1895, § 4864; Civil Code 1910, § 5437; Code 1933, § 37-1302.)
GA Code § 23-4-20 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 2 - Parties|§ 23-4-20. Who May Complain in Equity

 Any person who may not bring an action at law may complain in equity and every person who is remediless elsewhere may claim the protection and assistance of equity to enforce any right recognized by the law.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 4090; Code 1868, § 4119; Code 1873, § 4178; Code 1882, § 4178; Civil Code 1895, § 4841; Civil Code 1910, § 5414; Code 1933, § 37-1001.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 27 Am. Jur. 2d, Equity, § 120 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 31 C.J.S., Equity, § 133 et seq.   ALR.    - Constitutionality of statute conferring on chancery courts power to abate public nuisance, 22 A.L.R. 542, 75 A.L.R. 1298.    Equity jurisdiction for cancellation of insurance policy upon ground within incontestable clause prior to termination of period, 73 A.L.R. 1529; 111 A.L.R. 1275.
GA Code § 23-4-30 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 3 - Decrees|§ 23-4-30. Nature of Decree; Signature and Entry

 A decree is the judgment of the judge in equitable proceedings upon the facts ascertained and should be signed by him and entered on the minutes of the court.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 4122; Code 1868, § 4153; Code 1873, § 4212; Code 1882, § 4212; Civil Code 1895, § 4851; Civil Code 1910, § 5424; Code 1933, § 37-1201.)   Cross references.   - Verdict and judgment generally, T. 9, C. 12.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    A decree is the judgment or sentence of a proceeding instituted in a court of equity. Loyd, Perryman & Mills v. Hicks, 31 Ga. 140 (1860).    A return by appraisers is not a decree because it is not "the judgment of the judge." Brackett v. Allison, 119 Ga. App. 632, 168 S.E.2d 611 (1969).   Decree should conform to the law.    - When there is an error of law apparent on the face of the auditor's report, wholly irrespective of the evidence on which it is based, the judge in framing his decree should correct any error of law apparent on the face of the report, and make his decree conform to the law. Owen v. S.P. Richards Paper Co., 188 Ga. 258, 3 S.E.2d 660 (1939).    A decree must follow the verdict upon which it is founded; but this principle does not require that no decree be rendered unless the verdict contains all the facts upon which it is founded. A decree should follow the finding of facts found by a special verdict; but, while the judge in rendering the decree cannot go contrary to the facts found in a special verdict, he may examine the pleadings, admissions made by the parties, and all undisputed facts. In the absence of anything to the contrary, it will be presumed that the judge was authorized by the pleadings, admissions made by the parties, or by the undisputed evidence, to enter the decree which he rendered. Gray v. Junction City Mfg. Co., 195 Ga. 33, 22 S.E.2d 847 (1942); Allen v. Allen, 198 Ga. 269, 31 S.E.2d 483 (1944).    In proceedings for equitable relief, it is the duty of the judge to submit such issues as will enable him to make a decree from the verdict, the pleadings and the undisputed facts. Allen v. Allen, 198 Ga. 269, 31 S.E.2d 483 (1944).    Only such questions need be put to the jury as will enable them fully to find the facts in issue and not admitted by the pleadings. Allen v. Allen, 198 Ga. 269, 31 S.E.2d 483 (1944).    The construction of an ambiguous decree made by the judge who granted it is conclusive. G.S. Baxter & Co. v. Camp, 129 Ga. 460, 59 S.E. 283 (1907).    Cited in Seay v. Treadwell, 43 Ga. 564 (1871); Webster v. Dundee Mtg. & Trust Co., 93 Ga. 278, 20 S.E. 310 (1893); Carstarphen v. Holt, 96 Ga. 703, 23 S.E. 904 (1895); Crosby v. Pittman, 129 Ga. 537, 59 S.E. 279, 121 Am. St. R. 234 (1907); Winn v. Walker, 147 Ga. 427, 94 S.E. 468 (1917); Holton v. Lankford, 189 Ga. 506, 6 S.E.2d 304 (1939); Peppers v. Peppers, 194 Ga. 10, 20 S.E.2d 409 (1942).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 27 Am. Jur. 2d, Equity, § 245 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 31 C.J.S., Equity, § 581.
GA Code § 23-4-32 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 3 - Decrees|§ 23-4-32. Decree Affecting Property Outside Jurisdiction

 Equity may decree in cases of fraud, trust, or contract, although property not within the jurisdiction may be affected by the decree.   (Civil Code 1895, § 4854; Civil Code 1910, § 5427; Code 1933, § 37-1204.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Decree in suit by judgment creditor to set aside conveyance in fraud of creditors as bar to another suit for same purpose in respect of another conveyance, 108 A.L.R. 699.   Consent decree as affecting title to real estate in another state, 2 A.L.R.2d 1188.   Jurisdiction of suit involving trust as affected by location of res, residence of parties to trust, service, and appearance, 15 A.L.R.2d 610.
GA Code § 23-4-33 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 3 - Decrees|§ 23-4-33. Decree in Will or Contract Matters; Consent of Guardian or Guardian Ad Litem

 When it becomes impossible to carry out any last will and testament in whole or in part, and in all matters of contract, the judges of the superior courts, and the judge of the Georgia State-wide Business Court in matters of contract only, shall have power to render any decree that may be necessary and legal, provided that all parties in interest shall consent thereto in writing and there shall be no issue as to the facts or, if there is such an issue, that there shall be a like consent in writing that the judge presiding may hear and determine such facts, subject to a review on appeal, as in other cases. In all cases where minors are interested, the consent of the guardian at law or the guardian ad litem shall be obtained before the decree is rendered.   (Ga. L. 1865-66, p. 221, § 1; Code 1868, § 4155; Code 1873, § 4214; Code 1882, § 4214; Ga. L. 1882-83, p. 69, § 1; Civil Code 1895, § 4855; Civil Code 1910, § 5428; Code 1933, § 37-1205; Ga. L. 2016, p. 883, § 3-8/HB 927; Ga. L. 2019, p. 845, § 3-6/HB 239.)    The 2019 amendment,  effective May 7, 2019, inserted ", and the judge of the Georgia State-wide Business Court in matters of contract only," in the middle of the first sentence of this Code section.   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2016, p. 883, § 1-2/HB 927, not codified by the General Assembly, provides that: "This Act shall be known and may be cited as the 'Appellate Jurisdiction Reform Act of 2016.'"   Ga. L. 2016, p. 883, § 6-1/HB 927, not codified by the General Assembly, provides that: "Part III of this Act shall become effective on January 1, 2017, and shall apply to cases in which a notice of appeal or application to appeal is filed on or after such date."   Law reviews.   - For article on the 2016 amendment of this Code section, see 33 Georgia St. U.L. Rev. 205 (2016). For article on the 2019 amendment of this Code section, see 36 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 1 (2019).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    Judge determines the question of impossibility of carrying out a will. Sharp v. Findley, 71 Ga. 654 (1883).    Cited in Summerour v. Fortson, 174 Ga. 862, 164 S.E. 809 (1932); Sims v. Ramsey, 186 Ga. 732, 198 S.E. 770 (1938); Holton v. Lankford, 189 Ga. 506, 6 S.E.2d 304 (1939).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 31 C.J.S., Equity, § 588.
GA Code § 23-4-35 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 3 - Decrees|§ 23-4-35. Confirmation of Sales Under Decrees

 Sales under decrees in equity shall be subject to confirmation by the judge, who has a large discretion vested in him in reference thereto. Such sales shall not be consummated until confirmed by him.   (Civil Code 1895, § 4856; Civil Code 1910, § 5429; Code 1933, § 37-1206.)   Law reviews.   - For survey article on business associations, see 34 Mercer L. Rev. 13 (1982). For article, "Buying Distressed Commercial Real Estate: What are the Alternatives?," see 16 (No. 4) Ga. St. B.J. 18 (2010).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Confirmation Generally   Judicial Discretion   Pleading and Practice    RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Doctrine of equitable conversion as affected by discretion as to time, manner or other circumstances of sale, where the duty to sell is mandatory, 124 A.L.R. 1448.
GA Code § 23-4-36 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 3 - Decrees|§ 23-4-36. Decree Transferable; Lien

 A decree shall be transferable like other judgments and, when for money, shall constitute a like lien.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 4126; Code 1868, § 4158; Code 1873, § 4217; Code 1882, § 4217; Civil Code 1895, § 4859; Civil Code 1910, § 5432; Code 1933, § 37-1209.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Remedy for enforcement of judgment lien after death of judgment debtor, 114 A.L.R. 1165.
GA Code § 23-4-38 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 23 - Equity|Chapter 4 - Equity Procedure|Article 3 - Decrees|§ 23-4-38. Enforcement of Extraordinary Remedies

 Injunction, ne exeat, prohibition, and other extraordinary remedies may be enforced by attachment for contempt.   (Orig. Code 1863, §§ 3157, 4127; Code 1868, §§ 3169, 4159; Code 1873, §§ 3237, 4218; Code 1882, §§ 3237, 4218; Civil Code 1895, §§ 4860, 4899; Civil Code 1910, §§ 5433, 5474; Code 1933, § 37-1210.)
GA Code § 24-1-105 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 24 - Evidence|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|Article 2 - General Evidentiary Matters|§ 24-1-105. Limited Admissibility

 When evidence which is admissible as to one party or for one purpose but which is not admissible as to another party or for another purpose is admitted, the court, upon request, shall restrict the evidence to its proper scope and instruct the jury accordingly.    (Code 1981, §24-1-105, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.)
GA Code § 24-2-220 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 24 - Evidence|Chapter 2 - Judicial Notice|Article 2 - Legislative Facts; Ordinances or Resolutions|§ 24-2-220. Judicial Notice of Legislative Facts

 The existence and territorial extent of states and their forms of government; all symbols of nationality; the laws of nations; all laws and resolutions of the General Assembly and the journals of each branch thereof as published by authority; the laws of the United States and of the several states thereof as published by authority; the uniform rules of the courts; the administrative rules and regulations filed with the Secretary of State pursuant to Code Section 50-13-6; the general customs of merchants; the admiralty and maritime courts of the world and their seals; the political makeup and history of this state and the federal government as well as the local divisions of this state; the seals of the several departments of the government of the United States and of the several states of the union; and all similar matters of legislative fact shall be judicially recognized without the introduction of proof. Judicial notice of adjudicative facts shall be governed by Code Section 24-2-201.    (Code 1981, §24-2-220, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.)   Law reviews.   - For article on the 2011 enactment of this Code section, see 28 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 1 (2011).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Judicial Notice Proper   Judicial Notice Improper
GA Code § 24-2-221 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 24 - Evidence|Chapter 2 - Judicial Notice|Article 2 - Legislative Facts; Ordinances or Resolutions|§ 24-2-221. Judicial Notice of Ordinance or Resolution

 When certified by a public officer, clerk, or keeper of county or municipal records in this state in a manner as specified for county records in Code Section 24-9-920 or in a manner as specified for municipal records in paragraph (1) or (2) of Code Section 24-9-902 and in the absence of contrary evidence, judicial notice may be taken of a certified copy of any ordinance or resolution included within a general codification required by paragraph (1) of subsection (b) of Code Section 36-80-19 as representing an ordinance or resolution duly approved by the governing authority and currently in force as presented. Any such certified copy shall be self-authenticating and shall be admissible as prima-facie proof of any such ordinance or resolution before any court or administrative body.    (Code 1981, §24-2-221, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "Local Government Law," see 53 Mercer L. Rev. 389 (2001). For article on the 2011 enactment of this Code section, see 28 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 1 (2011).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Editor's notes.   - In light of the similarity of the statutory provisions, decisions under former Code 1933, § 38-112, and former O.C.G.A. § 24-1-4 are included in the annotations for this Code section.   Judicial notice was held improper in the following cases.    - See Livingston v. Schneer's Atlanta, Inc., 61 Ga. App. 637, 7 S.E.2d 190 (1940) (municipal ordinance not pled) (decided under former Code 1933, § 38-112); Leger v. Ken Edwards Enters., Inc., 223 Ga. 536, 156 S.E.2d 651 (1967);(city or county ordinances) (decided under former Code 1933, § 38-112).   City ordinance.    - In an appeal from the denial of a subdivision application, the trial court could not take judicial notice of city ordinances; city ordinances have to be alleged and proven. City of St. Marys v. Fulford, 286 Ga. App. 506, 649 S.E.2d 807 (2007) (decided under former O.C.G.A. § 24-1-1).    Cited in Edwards v. City of Warner Robins, 302 Ga. 381, 807 S.E.2d 438 (2017).
GA Code § 24-6-602 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 24 - Evidence|Chapter 6 - Witnesses|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 24-6-602. Lack of Personal Knowledge

 A witness may not testify to a matter unless evidence is introduced sufficient to support a finding that the witness has personal knowledge of such matter. Evidence to prove personal knowledge may, but need not, consist of the witness's own testimony. The provisions of this Code section are subject to Code Section 24-7-703 and shall not apply to party admissions.    (Code 1981, §24-6-602, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.)   Cross references.   - Need for personal knowledge, Fed. R. Evid. 602.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Personal recollection.   - Because the fellow inmate was an eyewitness to the events depicted in the surveillance video, the fellow inmate's testimony identifying the defendants from the still images from the surveillance video was admissible because the fellow inmate was testifying based on the fellow inmate's recollection of the stabbing, not providing the fellow inmate's opinion. Draughn v. State, Ga. , S.E.2d (May 3, 2021).    Cited in Emory Healthcare, Inc. v. Pardue, 328 Ga. App. 664, 760 S.E.2d 674 (2014); McKenney's, Inc. v. Sinyard, 350 Ga. App. 260, 828 S.E.2d 639 (2019), cert. denied, No. S19C1348, 2020 Ga. LEXIS 25 (Ga. 2020).
GA Code § 24-6-604 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 24 - Evidence|Chapter 6 - Witnesses|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 24-6-604. Interpreters

 Except as provided in Code Sections 24-6-656 and 24-6-657 or by the rules promulgated by the Supreme Court of Georgia pursuant to Code Section 15-1-14, an interpreter shall be subject to the provisions of Code Section 24-7-702. Interpreters shall be required to take an oath or affirmation to make a true translation.    (Code 1981, §24-6-604, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.)   Cross references.   - Interpreter, Fed. R. Evid. 604.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Editor's notes.   - In light of the similarity of the statutory provisions, decisions under former Code 1933, § 38-1609 and former O.C.G.A. § 24-9-4 are included in the annotations for this Code section.   Purpose.    - If a procedure such as provided for by the former statute were not permissible, the witness unable to communicate in English or otherwise disabled would never be able to give the witness's testimony. Hensley v. State, 228 Ga. 501, 186 S.E.2d 729 (1972) (decided under former Code 1933, § 38-1609).   Questions for court and jury.    - Use of an interpreter, and the extent to which the examination will be allowed to proceed through the interpreter must necessarily lie within the sound discretion of the trial judge. Whether the evidence elicited be credible is a question for the jury who were there and who observed the witness, the witness's behavior on the stand and response to the questions and the manner of communication between the witness and the interpreter. Hensley v. State, 228 Ga. 501, 186 S.E.2d 729 (1972) (decided under former Code 1933, § 38-1609).   Discretion of trial judge.    - Use of an interpreter, and the extent to which the interpreter may be used in the examination of a witness, must necessarily lie within the sound discretion of the trial judge. Reed v. State, 249 Ga. 52, 287 S.E.2d 205 (1982) (decided under former O.C.G.A. § 24-9-4).   Court officer as interpreter.    - When the witness in a criminal case was unable from the witness's physical condition to speak audibly, the witness's answers may be communicated in the witness's hearing and presence by a sworn officer of the court. Conner v. State, 25 Ga. 515, 71 Am. Dec. 184 (1858) (decided under former law).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 81 Am. Jur. 2d, Witnesses, § 180.   C.J.S.   - 98 C.J.S. (Rev), Witnesses, § 124.   ALR.    - Use of interpreter in court proceedings, 172 A.L.R. 923.   Deaf-mute as witness, 50 A.L.R.4th 1188.   Ineffective assistance of counsel: use or nonuse of interpreter at prosecution of foreign language speaking defendant, 79 A.L.R.4th 1102.   Admissibility of testimony concerning extrajudicial statements made to, or in presence of, witness through interpreter - state cases, 97 A.L.R.6th 567.   Admissibility of testimony concerning extrajudicial statements made to, or in presence of, witness through an interpreter - federal cases, 91 A.L.R. Fed. 2d 187.
GA Code § 24-6-605 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 24 - Evidence|Chapter 6 - Witnesses|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 24-6-605. Judge as Witness

 The judge presiding at the trial shall not testify in that trial as a witness. No objection need be made in order to preserve this issue.    (Code 1981, §24-6-605, enacted by Ga. L. 2011, p. 99, § 2/HB 24.)   Cross references.   - Judge's competency as a witness, Fed. R. Evid. 605.