reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
UT Code § 77-8a-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 8a - Criminal Offense Charges|Section 1 - Joinder of offenses and of defendants.

77-8a-1. Joinder of offenses and of defendants.    (1) Two or more felonies, misdemeanors, or both, may be charged in the same indictment or information if each offense is a separate count and if the offenses charged are:   (a) based on the same conduct or are otherwise connected together in their commission; or     (b) alleged to have been part of a common scheme or plan.       (2)   (a) When a felony and misdemeanor are charged together the defendant is afforded a preliminary hearing with respect to both the misdemeanor and felony offenses.     (b) Two or more defendants may be charged in the same indictment or information if they are alleged to have participated in the same act or conduct or in the same criminal episode.     (c) The defendants may be charged in one or more counts together or separately and all of the defendants need not be charged in each count.     (d) When two or more defendants are jointly charged with any offense, they shall be tried jointly unless the court in its discretion on motion or otherwise orders separate trials consistent with the interests of justice.       (3)   (a) The court may order two or more indictments or informations or both to be tried together if the offenses, and the defendants, if there is more than one, could have been joined in a single indictment or information.     (b) The procedure shall be the same as if the prosecution were under a single indictment or information.       (4)   (a) If the court finds a defendant or the prosecution is prejudiced by a joinder of offenses or defendants in an indictment or information or by a joinder for trial together, the court shall order an election of separate trials of separate counts, grant a severance of defendants, or provide other relief as justice requires.     (b) A defendant's right to severance of offenses or defendants is waived if the motion is not made at least five days before trial. In ruling on a motion by defendant for severance, the court may order the prosecutor to disclose any statements made by the defendants which he intends to introduce in evidence at the trial.      Enacted by Chapter 201, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-9-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 9 - Uniform Act on Fresh Pursuit|Section 1 - Authority of peace officer of another state.

77-9-1. Authority of peace officer of another state.  A peace officer of another state or the District of Columbia who enters this state in fresh pursuit and continues in fresh pursuit of a person in order to arrest him on the ground that he is reasonably believed to have committed a felony in another state, has the same authority to arrest and hold a person in custody as a peace officer of this state. Fresh pursuit does not require instant action, but pursuit without unreasonable delay.  Enacted by Chapter 15, 1980 General Session
UT Code § 77-9-2 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 9 - Uniform Act on Fresh Pursuit|Section 2 - Procedure after arrest.

77-9-2. Procedure after arrest.  An officer who has made an arrest pursuant to Section 77-9-1 shall without unnecessary delay take the person arrested before a magistrate of the county in which the arrest was made. The magistrate shall conduct a hearing to determine the lawfulness of the arrest. If he finds the arrest was lawful, the magistrate may commit the person arrested for a reasonable time or may admit the person to bail pending extradition proceedings.  Enacted by Chapter 15, 1980 General Session
UT Code § 77-9-3 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 9 - Uniform Act on Fresh Pursuit|Section 3 - Authority of peace officer of this state beyond normal jurisdiction.

77-9-3. Authority of peace officer of this state beyond normal jurisdiction.    (1) Any peace officer authorized by any governmental entity of this state may exercise a peace officer's authority beyond the limits of such officer's normal jurisdiction as follows:   (a) when in fresh pursuit of an offender for the purpose of arresting and holding that person in custody or returning the suspect to the jurisdiction where the offense was committed;     (b) when a public offense is committed in such officer's presence;     (c) when participating in an investigation of criminal activity which originated in the officer's normal jurisdiction in cooperation with the local authority; or     (d) when called to assist peace officers of another jurisdiction.       (2)   (a) Any peace officer, prior to taking any action authorized by Subsection (1), shall notify and receive approval of the local law enforcement authority, or if the prior contact is not reasonably possible, notify the local law enforcement authority as soon as reasonably possible.     (b) Unless specifically requested to aid a peace officer of another jurisdiction or otherwise as provided for by law, no legal responsibility for a peace officer's action outside his normal jurisdiction, except as provided in this section, shall attach to the local law enforcement authority.      Amended by Chapter 282, 1998 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 1 - Definitions.

77-10a-1. Definitions.  As used in this chapter:  (1) "Clerk of the court" means the state court administrator or his designee.     (2) "Managing judge" means the supervising judge when he retains authority to manage a grand jury, or the district court judge to whom the supervising judge delegates management of a grand jury.     (3) "Presiding officer" means the presiding officer of the Judicial Council.     (4) "Subject" means a person whose conduct is within the scope of the grand jury's investigation, and that conduct exposes the person to possible criminal prosecution.     (5) "Supervising judge" means the district court judge appointed by the presiding officer to supervise the five-judge grand jury panel.     (6) "Target" means a person regarding whom the attorney for the state, the special prosecutor, or the grand jury has substantial evidence that links that person to the commission of a crime and who could be indicted or charged with that crime.     (7) "Witness" means a person who appears before the grand jury either voluntarily or pursuant to subpoena for the purpose of providing testimony or evidence for the grand jury's use in discharging its responsibilities.    Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-3 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 3 - Scope of grand jury inquiry.

77-10a-3. Scope of grand jury inquiry.  Any grand jury summoned under this chapter may inquire into and indict for any criminal activity occurring within the state.  Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-4 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 4 - Number of members -- Number required for indictment.

77-10a-4. Number of members -- Number required for indictment.    (1) Any grand jury summoned under this chapter shall consist of not fewer than nine or more than 15 members.     (2) The grand jury may return an indictment only if at least three-fourths of the members, or the next highest whole number, vote in favor of the indictment.    Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-5 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 5 - Grand jurors -- Qualification and selection -- Limits on disclosure.

 Effective 5/9/2017  77-10a-5. Grand jurors -- Qualification and selection -- Limits on disclosure.    (1) Grand jurors shall meet the qualifications provided for jurors generally in Title 78B, Chapter 1, Part 1, Jury and Witness Act. Grand jurors shall be selected from the prospective jury list as provided in Section 78B-1-107.     (2) The names of grand jurors are classified as protected records under Title 63G, Chapter 2, Government Records Access and Management Act.    Amended by Chapter 115, 2017 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-8 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 8 - Challenge of prospective grand jurors -- Failure to comply in selection of jurors -- Remedies.

77-10a-8. Challenge of prospective grand jurors -- Failure to comply in selection of jurors -- Remedies.    (1) The attorney general, county attorney, district attorney, or special prosecutor may challenge:   (a) the array of grand jurors on the ground the grand jury was not selected, drawn, or summoned in accordance with law; and     (b) an individual juror on the ground the juror is not legally qualified.       (2) Challenges shall be made before the administration of the oath to the jurors and shall be tried to the court managing the grand jury.     (3) A motion to dismiss the indictment may be based on objections to the array or on the lack of legal qualification of an individual juror, if not previously determined upon challenge.     (4) In criminal cases the defendant or attorney for the state may move to dismiss the indictment or stay the proceedings on the ground of substantial failure to comply with this chapter in selecting the grand jury. However, he must do so before the voir dire examination begins or within seven days after the defendant or attorney for the state discovered or could have discovered the grounds by the exercise of diligence, whichever is earlier, or the motion is considered waived.     (5)   (a) Any motion filed under Subsection (1), (3), or (4) must contain a sworn statement of facts which, if true, would constitute a substantial failure to comply with the provisions of this chapter. The moving party may present in support of the motion the testimony of the clerk if he is available, any relevant records and papers used by the clerk that were not made public or otherwise available, and any other relevant evidence.     (b) If the managing judge determines there has been a substantial failure to comply with the provisions of this chapter in selecting the grand jury, he shall stay the proceedings pending the selection of a grand jury in conformity with this chapter or dismiss the indictment, whichever is appropriate.       (6)   (a) The procedures prescribed by this section are the exclusive means by which a party accused of a crime or an attorney for the state may challenge any grand jury on the ground it was not selected in conformity with this chapter.     (b) An indictment may not be dismissed in any case on the ground that one or more members of the grand jury that returned the indictment were not legally qualified if it appears from the record kept by the grand jury that eight or more jurors, after deducting the number not qualified, concurred in finding the indictment.      Amended by Chapter 38, 1993 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-9 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 9 - Oath for grand jurors.

77-10a-9. Oath for grand jurors.  Grand jurors and those selected as alternates shall take the following oath: "Do you, and each of you, solemnly swear that you will diligently inquire into and make true presentment or indictment of all matters and things as are given you in charge or otherwise come to your knowledge, touching upon your grand jury service; to keep secret the counsel of the state, your fellows, and yourselves; to not present or indict any person through hatred, malice, or ill will; to not leave any person unpresented or unindicted through fear, favor, or affection, nor for any reward, or hope or promise thereof; but in all your investigations, presentments, and indictments to seek and present the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, to the best of your skill and understanding? If so, answer 'I do.'"  Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-10 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 10 - Charge of grand jury -- Rights and duties.

77-10a-10. Charge of grand jury -- Rights and duties.  Upon impanelment of each grand jury, the judge managing the grand jury shall charge the grand jury and inform it of:  (1) its duty to inquire into offenses against the criminal laws alleged to have been committed within the jurisdiction;     (2) its independent right to call and interrogate witnesses;     (3) its right to request the production of documents or other evidence, including exculpatory evidence;     (4) the necessity of finding credible evidence of each material element of any crime charged before returning an indictment;     (5) the need to be satisfied that clear and convincing evidence exists that tends to show that a crime was committed by the person or persons accused before returning an indictment;     (6) its right to have the prosecutor present it with draft indictments for less serious charges than those originally requested by the prosecutor;     (7) the obligation of secrecy; and     (8) other duties and rights as the court finds advisable.    Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-11 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 11 - Jury foreman -- Compensation of grand jurors.

77-10a-11. Jury foreman -- Compensation of grand jurors.    (1) The managing judge shall appoint one of the jurors to be foreman and another to be deputy foreman. The foreman may administer oaths and affirmations and shall sign all indictments. The foreman or another juror designated by him shall keep record of the number of jurors concurring in the finding of every indictment and shall file the record with the clerk of the court. The record may not be made public except on order of the managing judge.     (2) During the absence of the foreman the deputy foreman shall act as foreman.     (3) A grand juror shall be compensated at the same rate as a juror in a state district court for each day of service.    Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-12 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 12 - Representation of state -- Appointment and compensation of special prosecutor.

 Effective 5/12/2015  77-10a-12. Representation of state -- Appointment and compensation of special prosecutor.    (1) The state may be represented before any grand jury summoned in the state by:   (a) the attorney general or any assistant attorney general;     (b) a county attorney or any deputy county attorney;     (c) a district attorney or any deputy district attorney;     (d) a municipal attorney or any deputy municipal attorney; or     (e) special prosecutors appointed under this chapter and their assistants.       (2) The supervising judge shall determine if a special prosecutor is necessary. A special prosecutor may be appointed only upon good cause shown and after the supervising judge makes a written finding that a conflict of interest exists in the Office of the Attorney General, the office of the county attorney, district attorney, or municipal attorney who would otherwise represent the state before the grand jury.     (3) In selecting a special prosecutor, the supervising judge shall give preference to the attorney general and assistant attorneys general, county attorneys, district attorneys, or municipal attorneys and their deputies.     (4)   (a) The compensation of a special prosecutor appointed under this chapter who is an employee of the Office of the Attorney General, the office of a county attorney, district attorney, or municipal attorney is only the current compensation received in that office.     (b) The compensation for an appointed special prosecutor who is not an employee of a prosecutorial office under Subsection (4)(a) shall be comparable to the compensation of a deputy or assistant attorney general having similar experience to that of the special prosecutor.       (5) The attorney general, county attorney, district attorney, or municipal attorney may elect to have a special prosecutor appointed by the supervising judge at the expense of the governmental entity supporting the electing prosecutor. Upon receipt of written notice from the prosecutor of that election, the supervising judge shall appoint a special prosecutor in accordance with this section. The electing prosecutor's supporting governmental entity shall reimburse the state for expenses incurred in appointment and compensation of the special prosecutor.    Amended by Chapter 258, 2015 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-14 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 14 - Concurrence for indictment -- Proof -- Validity -- Disclosure.

 Effective 5/8/2018  77-10a-14. Concurrence for indictment -- Proof -- Validity -- Disclosure.    (1) An indictment may be found only upon the concurrence of at least three-fourths, or the next highest whole number, of the grand jurors.     (2) An indictment may not be found unless the grand jurors who vote in favor of the indictment find there is clear and convincing evidence to believe the crime to be charged was committed and the person to be indicted committed the crime. An indictment may not be returned solely on the basis of incompetent hearsay.     (3) To be valid, the indictment shall be signed by the foreman and then returned to the managing judge in open court. The clerk of the managing court shall file the indictment upon receipt.     (4)   (a) The managing judge who takes the return of the indictment may direct that the indictment be kept secret until the defendant is in custody or has been released pending trial.     (b) The clerk shall then seal the indictment and, except for transferring the indictment to the appropriate court for trial as provided by this chapter, may not permit any person to disclose the return of the indictment except when necessary for the issuance and execution of a warrant or summons.      Amended by Chapter 30, 2018 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-15 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 15 - Return and transfer of indictment.

77-10a-15. Return and transfer of indictment.  Immediately upon the return of an indictment the managing judge shall enter an order transferring the indictment to a court with appropriate jurisdiction and proper venue under Section 76-1-202 to try the matter.  Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-16 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 16 - Return of indictment -- Warrant of arrest -- Bail.

77-10a-16. Return of indictment -- Warrant of arrest -- Bail.    (1) The managing judge may upon return of an indictment, when the defendant is not in custody, cause a warrant to be issued for the arrest of the defendant charged and shall fix an appropriate bail.     (2) Return of any warrant of arrest shall be in the court to which the indictment is transferred for trial. The court to which the return is made may review bail and any conditions of detention or release.    Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-18 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 18 - Grand jury term of service -- Excusing a juror.

77-10a-18. Grand jury term of service -- Excusing a juror.    (1) A grand jury shall serve until discharged by the managing judge. However, a grand jury may not serve more than 18 months unless the managing judge extends the service of the grand jury, upon determining an extension is in the public interest. The extension may be no longer than a period of six months.     (2) The managing judge may at any time excuse a juror either temporarily or permanently for cause shown. If a juror is excused permanently, the managing judge may impanel another juror in his place.    Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-19 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 19 - Compensation for special prosecutors.

77-10a-19. Compensation for special prosecutors.    (1) Compensation for special prosecutors under this section shall be paid by the Judicial Council. For this purpose, there is appropriated from the General Fund to the Judicial Council $50,000 as a separate line item in the budget of the Judicial Council for the fiscal year 1989-1990. The line item shall be nonlapsing.     (2)   (a) If during the fiscal year compensation of special prosecutors under this chapter exceeds $50,000, additional compensation shall be requested as a supplemental appropriation from the Legislature.     (b) If during the fiscal year compensation of special prosecutors under this chapter is less than $50,000, the balance carries over to the next fiscal year, and the appropriation for that next fiscal year for prosecutor compensation shall be no more than the amount necessary to total $50,000 when added to the nonlapsing balance carried over from the prior fiscal year.      Enacted by Chapter 318, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 77-10a-20 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 10a - Grand Jury Reform|Section 20 - Expenses of grand jury -- Appropriation -- Payment by state or county.

77-10a-20. Expenses of grand jury -- Appropriation -- Payment by state or county.    (1)   (a) The expenses of operation of a grand jury summoned under this chapter shall be paid by the Judicial Council, except under Subsection (2).     (b) Expenses include grand juror fees, rental of a facility, cost of transcripts, payment for a court reporter or electronic recording device, secretarial services, and investigation and recorder staff.     (c) For this purpose, an appropriation of $25,000 is made from the General Fund to the Judicial Council as a separate line item in the budget of the Judicial Council.     (d) Any amount of this appropriation remaining at the end of the fiscal year lapses into the General Fund.       (2)   (a) When a grand jury is summoned to investigate an allegation that is determined to be primarily a county-related issue, the expenses of the grand jury shall be paid by the county or counties involved.     (b) The supervising judge shall determine before the grand jury is called if the allegations involve primarily the state or a county or counties for purposes of determining payment of expenses under this section.       (3) The expenses of any grand jury and the compensation for any special prosecutor appointed under this chapter shall be reviewed and approved or disapproved by the clerk of the court under the direction of the managing judge.    Amended by Chapter 372, 1997 General Session
UT Code § 77-13-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 77 - Utah Code of Criminal Procedure|Chapter 13 - Pleas|Section 1 - Kinds of pleas.

77-13-1. Kinds of pleas.    (1) There are five kinds of pleas to an indictment or information:   (a) not guilty;     (b) guilty;     (c) no contest;     (d) not guilty by reason of insanity; and     (e) guilty with a mental illness at the time of the offense.       (2) An alternative plea of not guilty or not guilty by reason of insanity may be entered.    Amended by Chapter 366, 2011 General Session