reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NC Gen Stat § 1-15.1 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-15.1 - Statutes of limitation and repose for civil actions seeking to recover damages arising out of a criminal act.

 1-15.1. Statutes of limitation and repose for civil actions seeking to recover damages arising out of a criminal act.(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a defendant is convicted of a criminal offense and is ordered by the court to pay restitution or restitution is imposed as a condition of probation, special probation, work release, or parole, then all applicable statutes of limitation and statutes of repose, except as established herein, are tolled for the period set forth in this subsection for purposes of any civil action brought by an aggrieved party against that defendant for damages arising out of the offense for which the defendant was convicted. Any statute of limitation or repose applicable in the civil action shall be tolled from the time of entry of the court order(1) Requiring that restitution be made,(2) Making restitution a condition of probation or special probation, or(3) Recommending that restitution be made a condition of work release or parole,and until the defendant has paid in full the amount of restitution ordered or imposed. Except as provided in G.S. 15B-34, an action to recover damages arising out of the criminal offense shall not be commenced more than 10 years from the last act of the defendant giving rise to the cause of action.  (b) In any civil action brought by an aggrieved party against the defendant for damages arising out of the offense for which the defendant was convicted:(1) The defendant has the right to contest the amount of damages;(2) The amount of any restitution ordered or imposed shall not be admissible into evidence; and(3) All restitution paid by the defendant to the aggrieved party shall be credited against any judgment rendered in the action against that defendant.(c) This section shall not apply if the offense of which the defendant was convicted was an offense established in Chapter 20 of the General Statutes.(d) A plea of no contest shall be considered the same as a conviction for purposes of this section. (1989, c. 535, s. 1; 2004-159, s. 3.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-18 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-18 - Disability of marriage.

 1-18. Disability of marriage.In any action in which the defense of adverse possession is relied upon, the time computed as constituting such adverse possession shall not include any possession had against a feme covert during coverture prior to February 13, 1899. (1899, c. 78, ss. 2, 3; Rev., s. 363; C.S., s. 408.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-19 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-19 - Cumulative disabilities.

 1-19. Cumulative disabilities.When two or more disabilities coexist at the time the right of action accrues, or when one disability supervenes an existing one, the limitation does not attach until they all are removed. (C.C.P., ss. 28, 49; Code, ss. 149, 170; Rev., s. 364; C.S., s. 409.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-20 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-20 - Disability must exist when right of action accrues.

 1-20. Disability must exist when right of action accrues.No person may avail himself of a disability except as authorized in G.S. 1-19, unless it existed when his right of action accrued. (C.C.P., s. 48; Code, s. 169; Rev., s. 365; C.S., s. 410.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-21 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-21 - Defendant out of State; when action begun or judgment enforced.

 1-21. Defendant out of State; when action begun or judgment enforced.If when the cause of action accrues or judgment is rendered or docketed against a person, he is out of the State, action may be commenced, or judgment enforced within the times herein limited after the return of the person into this State, and if, after such cause of action accrues or judgment is rendered or docketed, such person departs from and resides out of this State, or remains continuously absent therefrom for one year or more, the time of his absence shall not be a part of the time limited for the commencement of the action or the enforcement of the judgment. Provided, that where a cause of action arose outside of this State and is barred by the laws of the jurisdiction in which it arose, no action may be maintained in the courts of this State for the enforcement thereof, except where the cause of action originally accrued in favor of a resident of this State.The provisions of this section shall not apply to the extent that a court of this State has or continues to have jurisdiction over the person under the provisions of G.S. 1-75.4. (C.C.P., s. 41; 1881, c. 258, ss. 1, 2; Code, s. 162; Rev., s. 366; C.S., s. 411; 1955, c. 544; 1979, c. 525, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-22 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-22 - Death before limitation expires; action by or against personal representative or collector.

 1-22. Death before limitation expires; action by or against personal representative or collector.If a person entitled to bring an action dies before the expiration of the time limited for the commencement thereof, and the cause of action survives, an action may be commenced by his personal representative or collector after the expiration of that time, and within one year from his death. If a person against whom an action may be brought dies before the expiration of the time limited for the commencement thereof, and the cause of action survives, an action may be commenced against his personal representative or collector after the expiration of that time; provided, the action is brought or notice of the claim upon which the action is based is presented to the personal representative or collector within the time specified for the presentation of claims in G.S. 28A-19-3. If the claim upon which the cause of action is based is filed with the personal representative or collector within the time above specified, and its validity is admitted in writing by him, it is not necessary to bring an action upon such claim to prevent the bar, but no action shall be brought against the personal representative or collector upon such claim after his final settlement. (C.C.P., s. 43; 1881, c. 80; Code, s. 164; Rev., s. 367; C.S., s. 412; 1977, c. 446, s. 2.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-23 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-23 - Time of stay by injunction or prohibition.

 1-23. Time of stay by injunction or prohibition.When the commencement of an action is stayed by injunction or statutory prohibition, the time of the continuance of the injunction or prohibition is not part of the time limited for the commencement of the action. (C.C.P., s. 46; Code, s. 167; Rev., s. 368; C.S., s. 413.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-24 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-24 - Time during controversy on probate of will or granting letters.

 1-24. Time during controversy on probate of will or granting letters.In reckoning time when pleaded as a bar to actions, that period shall not be counted which elapses during any controversy on the probate of a will or granting letters of administration, unless there is an administrator appointed during the pendency of the action, and it is provided that an action may be brought against him. (C.C.P., s. 47; Code, s. 168; Rev., s. 369; C.S., s. 414.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-26 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-26 - New promise must be in writing.

 1-26. New promise must be in writing.No acknowledgment or promise is evidence of a new or continuing contract, from which the statutes of limitations run, unless it is contained in some writing signed by the party to be charged thereby; but this section does not alter the effect of any payment of principal or interest. (C.C.P., s. 51; Code, s. 172; Rev., s. 371; C.S., s. 416.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-27 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-27 - Act, admission or acknowledgment by party to obligation, co-obligor or guarantor.

 1-27. Act, admission or acknowledgment by party to obligation, co-obligor or guarantor.(a) After a cause of action has accrued on any obligation on which there is more than one obligor, any act, admission, or acknowledgment by any party to such obligation or guarantor thereof, which removes the bar of the statute of limitations or causes the statute to begin running anew, has such effect only as to the party doing such act or making such admission or acknowledgment, and shall not renew, extend or in any manner impose liability of any kind against other parties to such obligation who have not authorized or ratified the same.(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed as applying to or affecting rights or obligations of partnerships or individual members thereof, due to acts, admissions or acknowledgments of any one partner but rights as between partners shall be governed by G.S. 59-39.1. (C.C.P., s. 50; Code, s. 171; Rev., s. 372; C.S., s. 417; 1953, c. 1076, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-28 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-28 - Undisclosed partner.

 1-28. Undisclosed partner.The statutes of limitations apply to a civil action brought against an undisclosed partner only from the time the partnership became known to the plaintiff. (1893, c. 151; Rev., s. 373; C.S., s. 418.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-29 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-29 - Cotenants.

 1-29. Cotenants.If in actions by tenants in common or joint tenants of personal property, to recover the same, or damages for its detention or injury, any of them are barred of their recovery by limitation of time, the rights of the others are not affected thereby, but they may recover according to their right and interest, notwithstanding such bar. (C.C.P., s. 52; Code, s. 173; Rev., s. 374; C.S., s. 419; 1921, c. 106.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-30 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-30 - Applicable to actions by State.

 1-30. Applicable to actions by State.The limitations prescribed by law apply to civil actions brought in the name of the State, or for its benefit, in the same manner as to actions by or for the benefit of private parties. (C.C.P., s. 38; Code, s. 159; Rev., s. 375; C.S., s. 420.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-31 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-31 - Action upon a mutual, open and current account.

 1-31. Action upon a mutual, open and current account.In an action brought to recover a balance due upon a mutual, open and current account, where there have been reciprocal demands between the parties, the cause of action accrues from the time of the latest item proved in the account on either side. (C.C.P., s. 39; Code, s. 160; Rev., s. 376; C.S., s. 421; 1951, c. 837, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-32 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-32 - Not applicable to bank bills.

 1-32. Not applicable to bank bills.The limitations prescribed by law do not affect actions to enforce the payment of bills, notes or other evidences of debt, issued or put in circulation as money by banking corporations incorporated under the laws of this State. (C.C.P., s. 53; 1874-5, c. 170; Code, s. 174; Rev., s. 377; C.S., s. 422.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-33 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-33 - Actions against bank directors or stockholders.

 1-33. Actions against bank directors or stockholders.The limitations prescribed by law do not affect actions against directors or stockholders of any banking association incorporated under the laws of this State, to recover a penalty or forfeiture imposed, or to enforce a liability created by law; but such actions must be brought within three years after the discovery by the aggrieved party of the facts upon which the penalty or forfeiture attached, or the liability was created. (C.C.P., s. 54; Code, s. 175; Rev., s. 378; C.S., s. 423.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-34 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 3 - Limitations, General Provisions.|§ 1-34 - Aliens in time of war.

 1-34. Aliens in time of war.When a person is an alien subject, or a citizen of a country at war with the United States, the time of the continuance of the war is not a part of the period limited for the commencement of the action. (C.C.P., s. 44; Code, s. 165; Rev., s. 379; C.S., s. 424.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-35 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-35 - Title against State.

 1-35. Title against State.The State will not sue any person for, or in respect of, any real property, or the issue or profits thereof, by reason of the right or title of the State to the same -(1) When the person in possession thereof, or those under whom he claims, has been in the adverse possession thereof for thirty years, this possession having been ascertained and identified under known and visible lines or boundaries; which shall give a title in fee to the possessor.(2) When the person in possession thereof, or those under whom he claims, has been in possession under color of title for twenty-one years, this possession having been ascertained and identified under known and visible lines or boundaries. (R.C., c. 65, s. 2; C.C.P., s. 18; Code, s. 139; Rev., s. 380; C.S., s. 425.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-36 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-36 - Title presumed out of State.

 1-36. Title presumed out of State.In all actions involving the title to real property title is conclusively deemed to be out of the State unless it is a party to the action, but this section does not apply to the trials of protested entries laid for the purpose of obtaining grants, nor to actions instituted prior to May 1, 1917. (1917, c. 195; C.S., s. 426.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-37 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-37 - Such possession valid against claimants under State.

 1-37. Such possession valid against claimants under State.All such possession as is described in G.S. 1-35, under such title as is therein described, is hereby ratified and confirmed, and declared to be good and legal bar against the entry or suit of any person, under the right or claim of the State. (C.C.P., s. 19; Code, s. 140; Rev., s. 381; C.S., s. 427.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-39 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-39 - Seizin within twenty years necessary.

 1-39. Seizin within twenty years necessary.No action for the recovery or possession of real property shall be maintained, unless it appears that the plaintiff, or those under whom he claims, was seized or possessed of the premises in question within 20 years before the commencement of the action, unless he was under the disabilities prescribed by law. (C.C.P., s. 22; Code, s. 143; Rev., s. 383; C.S., s. 429.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-40 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-40 - Twenty years adverse possession.

 1-40. Twenty years adverse possession.No action for the recovery or possession of real property, or the issues and profits thereof, shall be maintained when the person in possession thereof, or defendant in the action, or those under whom he claims, has possessed the property under known and visible lines and boundaries adversely to all other persons for 20 years; and such possession so held gives a title in fee to the possessor, in such property, against all persons not under disability. (C.C.P., s. 23; Code, s. 144; Rev., s. 384; C.S., s. 430.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-41 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-41 - Action after entry.

 1-41. Action after entry.No entry upon real estate shall be deemed sufficient or valid, as a claim, unless an action is commenced thereupon within one year after the making of the entry, and within the time prescribed in this Chapter. (C.C.P., s. 24; Code, s. 145; Rev., s. 385; C.S., s. 431.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-42 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-42 - Possession follows legal title; severance of surface and subsurface rights.

 1-42. Possession follows legal title; severance of surface and subsurface rights.In every action for the recovery or possession of real property, or damages for a trespass on such possession, the person establishing a legal title to the premises is presumed to have been possessed thereof within the time required by law; and the occupation of such premises by any other person is deemed to have been under, and in subordination to, the legal title, unless it appears that the premises have been held and possessed adversely to the legal title for the time prescribed by law before the commencement of the action. Provided that a record chain of title to the premises for a period of thirty years next preceding the commencement of the action, together with the identification of the lands described therein, shall be prima facie evidence of possession thereof within the time required by law.In all controversies and litigation wherein it shall be made to appear from the public records that there has been at some previous time a separation or severance between the surface and the subsurface rights, title or properties of an area, no holder or claimant of the subsurface title or rights therein shall be entitled to evidence or prove any use of the surface, by himself or by his predecessors in title or of lessees or agents, as adverse possession against the holder of said surface rights or title; and likewise no holder or claimant of the surface rights shall be entitled to evidence or prove any use of the subsurface rights, by himself, or by his predecessors in title or of lessees or agents, as adverse possession against the holder of said subsurface rights, unless, in either case, at the time of beginning such allegedly adverse use and in each year of the same, said party or his predecessor in title so using shall have placed or caused to be placed upon the records of the register of deeds of the county wherein such property lies and in a book therein kept or provided for such purposes, a brief notice of intended use giving (i) the date of beginning or recommencing of the operation or use, (ii) a brief description of the property involved but sufficiently adequate to make said property readily locatable therefrom, (iii) the name and, if known, the address of the claimant of the right under which the operation or use is to be carried on or made and (iv) the deed or other instrument, if any, under which the right to conduct such operation or to make such use is claimed or to which it is to be attached. (C.C.P., s. 25; Code, s. 146; Rev., s. 386; C.S., s. 432; 1945, c. 869; 1959, c. 469; 1965, c. 1094.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-43 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-43 - Tenant's possession is landlord's.

 1-43. Tenant's possession is landlord's.When the relation of landlord and tenant has existed, the possession of the tenant is deemed the possession of the landlord, until the expiration of twenty years from the termination of the tenancy; or where there has been no written lease, until the expiration of twenty years from the time of the last payment of rent, notwithstanding that the tenant may have acquired another title, or may have claimed to hold adversely to his landlord. But such presumptions shall not be made after the periods herein limited. (C.C.P., s. 26; Code, s. 147; Rev., s. 387; C.S., s. 433.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-44 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-44 - No title by possession of right-of-way.

 1-44. No title by possession of right-of-way.No railroad, plank road, turnpike or canal company may be barred of, or presumed to have conveyed, any real estate, right-of-way, easement, leasehold, or other interest in the soil which has been condemned, or otherwise obtained for its use, as a right-of-way, depot, station house or place of landing, by any statute of limitation or by occupation of the same by any person whatever. (R.C., c. 65, s. 23; C.C.P., s. 29; Code, s. 150; Rev., s. 388; C.S., s. 434.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-44.1 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-44.1 - Presumption of abandonment of railroad right-of-way.

 1-44.1. Presumption of abandonment of railroad right-of-way.Any railroad which has removed its tracks from a right-of-way and has not replaced them in whole or in part within a period of seven (7) years after such removal and which has not made any railroad use of any part of such right-of-way after such removal of tracks for a period of seven (7) years after such removal, shall be presumed to have abandoned the railroad right-of-way. (1955, c. 657.)
NC Gen Stat § 1-44.2 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 1 - Civil Procedure|Article 4 - Limitations, Real Property.|§ 1-44.2 - Presumptive ownership of abandoned railroad easements.

 1-44.2. Presumptive ownership of abandoned railroad easements.(a) Whenever a railroad abandons a railroad easement, all right, title and interest in the strip, piece or parcel of land constituting the abandoned easement shall be presumed to be vested in those persons, firms or corporations owning lots or parcels of land adjacent to the abandoned easement, with the presumptive ownership of each adjacent landowner extending to the centerline of the abandoned easement. In cases where the railroad easement adjoins a public road right-of-way, the adjacent property owner's right, title and interest in the abandoned railroad easement shall extend to the nearest edge of the public road right-of-way.The side boundaries of each parcel so presumptively vested in the adjacent property owner shall be determined by extending the side property lines of the adjacent parcels to the centerline of the abandoned easement, or as the case may be, the nearest edge of the public road right-of-way. In the event the side property lines of two adjacent property owners intersect before they meet the centerline or nearest edge of the public road right-of-way, as the case may be, such side property lines shall join and run together from the point of intersection to the centerline of the easement or nearest edge of the public road right-of-way, as the case may be, perpendicular to said centerline or edge.(b) The presumption established by this section is rebuttable by showing that a party has good and valid title to the land.(c) Repealed by Session Laws 1987 (Reg. Sess., 1988), c. 1071, s. 6. (1987, c. 433, s. 1; 1987 (Reg. Sess., 1988), c. 1071, s. 6; 2004-203, s. 14.)