reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 13a-54 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-54 - Abandonment of highway for construction of dam.

 Any person or corporation engaged in constructing, raising or operating a dam for milling, manufacturing or power purposes, which dam will flood or cause to be flooded any highway, may abandon so much of such highway as may be advisable or necessary, upon such terms and conditions as are agreed upon by such person or corporation and the party or parties liable to maintain the same, which agreement shall be in writing and shall be recorded in the town clerk's office in the town or towns where such highway or any portion thereof so to be abandoned is situated, and shall be sufficient authority for the person or corporation constructing, raising or operating such dam to continue the construction, raising or operation thereof and to flood such highway so to be abandoned. If the above parties fail to agree upon the abandonment of any such highway or any portion thereof, the person or corporation constructing, raising or operating such dam may prefer a complaint against such other party or parties to the superior court of any judicial district wherein any portion of such highway is located or to any judge of the superior court for permission to continue to construct, raise or operate such dam and for the abandonment of such highway or any portion thereof. Said court or such judge may grant such person or corporation such permission and order the abandonment of such highway or any portion thereof, upon payment to the party or parties liable to maintain such highway of such damages as said court or such judge may adjudge or when such person or corporation complies with such other terms as said court or such judge may order. When such person or corporation pays such damages or gives bond with surety to the satisfaction of said court or such judge that such person or corporation will comply with such terms, the flooding of such highway by means of such dam shall not be deemed a common nuisance.(1949 Rev., S. 2135; 1958 Rev., S. 13-19; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 54; P.A. 78-280, S. 2, 127.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 78-280 substituted “judicial district” for “county”.See Sec. 13a-72 re alteration or relocation of highway for dam construction.See Sec. 52-446 re procedures for flowage petitions.Statute is constitutional. 95 C. 95. Cited. 158 C. 280.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-55 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-55 - Right-of-way of property owners bounding a discontinued or abandoned highway or a highway any portion of which is discontinued or abandoned.

 Property owners bounding a discontinued or abandoned highway, or a highway any portion of which has been discontinued or abandoned, shall have a right-of-way for all purposes for which a public highway may be now or hereafter used over such discontinued or abandoned highway to the nearest or most accessible highway, provided such right-of-way has not been acquired in conjunction with a limited access highway.(1959, P.A. 674, S. 3; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 55; P.A. 85-227; P.A. 90-142, S. 1, 2.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 85-227 granted a right-of-way to owners of property which bounds a highway, any portion of which is abandoned or discontinued, over such discontinued or abandoned highway to the nearest or most accessible highway; P.A. 90-142 after “right-of-way” added “for all purposes for which a public highway may be now or hereafter used”.Constitutionality of statute upheld; access rights of owners of property abutting discontinued or abandoned highways discussed. 188 C. 336. Cited. 192 C. 663; 218 C. 65. Plaintiffs' request for injunction requiring removal of a traffic gate erected by defendant, town of Berlin, to control access to and from an abandoned public road was denied because continued use of the gate did not cause plaintiffs irreparable harm; plaintiffs' use of road was minimal and therefore outweighed by defendant's need to provide a safe environment for its residents. 259 C. 83.Cited. 17 CA 476. Statute not applied retroactively. 22 CA 285. Cited. 26 CA 785; 35 CA 398. Section alters common law consequences of discontinuance of a public highway; prior to statute, discontinuance extinguished both public easement of travel and private easement of access, but after statute, public easement ceases but private easement of abutting owners continues. 127 CA 16.Cited. 44 CS 189. After enactment of statute, public easement over discontinued or abandoned highways ceases, but private easement remains. 47 CS 418.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-56 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-56 - Relocation to straighten or remove dangerous location.

 The commissioner may relocate any section of any state highway for the purpose of straightening or removing any dangerous location thereon.(1949 Rev., S. 2231; 1953, S. 1198d; 1958 Rev., S. 13-111; 1961, P.A. 603, S. 7; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 56.)History: 1961 act made technical changes in language; 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.Cited. 129 C. 83.Empowers highway commissioner to construct a continuous highway comprised of a series of relocations of sections of a state highway for the purpose of removing dangerous locations. 18 CS 270.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-57 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-57 - Layout of state highway.

 The commissioner may lay out any road as a state highway either by using existing highways or by acquiring by purchase or condemnation new rights-of-way. The layout shall be made in the following manner: The commissioner shall develop a map or maps of the layout of a state highway by ground survey or aerial photogrammetric methods. Such map or maps shall show the limits of the right-of-way, all existing roads, buildings and fences and other topographic features which will clearly establish the location of the highway. The commissioner shall file in the town clerk's office in each town in which such layout or portion thereof is established a map showing such portions of such layout within the limits of any such town in which such map is filed. When such maps of any section or sections of such highway have been so filed, the commissioner shall cause a notice to be inserted in a newspaper having a general circulation within each of such towns describing the action of the commissioner concerning the layout of such highway. When such maps have been placed on file and such notice given, such portion or section shall be deemed to have been legally laid out as a state highway and all provisions of the general statutes relating to state highways shall apply to such layout or highway. This section shall not affect the authority of the commissioner to relocate any section of any state highway as provided in section 13a-56.(1953, 1955, S. 1199d; 1958 Rev., S. 13-112; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 57; P.A. 03-115, S. 27; P.A. 04-143, S. 10.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 03-115 made technical changes; P.A. 04-143 made a technical change, effective May 21, 2004.Unreasonable delay by highway commissioner in filing certificate of taking after filing provided for in section may subject him to additional damages after June 21, 1967, the effective date of Sec. 13a-76a. 158 C. 452. Filing of map under section provides date plaintiff's property was taken in a constitutional sense. 167 C. 334. Cited. 176 C. 264; 214 C. 225.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-57a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-57a - Consultation with municipal officers in planning of highway within municipality.

 Whenever the Commissioner of Transportation is engaged in the planning of any limited access highway, interchange or connector to be located within the limits of any town, city or borough or consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough he shall consult, to the fullest extent possible, with the chief executive officer and the planning commission, if any, of such town, city or borough or consolidated town and city or consolidated town and borough so as to conserve, preserve and, if possible, enhance the environment by insuring through such consultations that the proposed works will have the least adverse impact on the environment.(1971, P.A. 469.)
CT Gen Stat § 13a-57b (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-57b - Areas for bicycles and pedestrians.

 The Commissioner of Transportation shall, whenever possible, encourage the inclusion of areas for bicycles and pedestrians when (1) creating a layout of a state highway, in accordance with section 13a-57, or (2) relocating a state highway, in accordance with section 13a-56.(P.A. 98-91, S. 7.)See Sec. 13a-141 et seq. for related provisions re bridle paths, pedestrian walks and bicycle paths and trails.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-57c (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-57c - Model pollinator habitat along state highways. Identification of opportunities for replacement of turf grasses. Report.

 The Department of Transportation shall identify opportunities in the state for the replacement of nonnative, cool-season turf grasses installed along state highways with native plant communities that include model pollinator habitat, as described in section 22-90b. In identifying such opportunities, the department may consider, but shall not be limited to, the availability of partnerships with private entities to assist in the funding of such replacement costs. Not later than January 1, 2017, the Commissioner of Transportation shall submit a report to the joint standing committees of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to the environment and transportation on such identified areas. Such report shall include, but not be limited to, information concerning any proposed timetable for any such replacements or proposed replacements, the location and dimensions for any identified areas, information concerning any partnership with a private entity to allay the costs of any such replacement or proposed replacements, the availability of federal funds for any such replacement, a description of the anticipated costs associated with any such replacement or proposed replacement and a comparison of such costs with the operational expenditures made to otherwise maintain such areas.(P.A. 16-17, S. 12.)History: P.A. 16-17 effective May 6, 2016.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-57d (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-57d - Model pollinator habitat in deforested areas of state highways. Authority.

 The Commissioner of Transportation may, to the extent federal funds are available for such purpose, plant vegetation that includes pollinator habitat, including, but not limited to, flowering vegetation, in areas that have been deforested along state highway rights of way.(P.A. 16-17, S. 14.)History: P.A. 16-17 effective May 6, 2016.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-58 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-58 - Public hearing on proposed layout.

 When the Commissioner of Transportation proposes to build any new state highway over any land within the state, if the land to be taken is not along an existing highway, said commissioner shall hold a public hearing at which time he shall set forth the route and any alternative routes along which such highway is proposed, giving notice of the time and place of such hearing by publication in a newspaper having a substantial circulation in each town, city or borough affected, at least twice, at intervals of not less than two days, the first not more than fifteen days nor less than ten days and the second not less than two days before such hearing. A copy of the map showing the proposed layout and any alternative layouts of such highway shall be delivered to the town clerk who shall display such map for public inspection, at least ten days before such hearing, in the office of the clerk of each town, city or borough in which the highway is located. Such public hearing shall be held in some town or city to be selected by the commissioner wherein the majority in area of the land to be taken is located. At such hearing the commissioner shall show the proposed layout and any alternative layouts and state the reason for the selection of such route, and any persons who are opposed to such layout or route shall be heard and may state their reasons therefor. All expenses of such hearing shall be borne by the Department of Transportation. Upon the completion of such hearing, a consideration of all the evidence relevant to the selection of such route and the objections thereto shall be made, and said commissioner may make such changes as he deems to be in the public interest. If five years elapses from the date of such hearing and none of the land proposed to be used for such highway has been taken by the state, the commissioner shall hold a new public hearing in the manner provided for in this section.(1957, P.A. 513; 1958 Rev., S. 13-113; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 58; 1967, P.A. 44, S. 1; 1969, P.A. 768, S. 78; 1971, P.A. 601; P.A. 78-2.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history; 1967 act clarified provision re filing of maps for public inspection by specifying that maps be delivered to town clerk and that he display them; 1969 act substituted commissioner and department of transportation for state highway department; 1971 act added requirement that new public hearing be held if five years elapse without state's taking action; P.A. 78-2 included alternative routes and alternative layouts in provisions of section.Unreasonable delay by highway commissioner in taking after filing of a map subjects him to additional damages resulting therefrom after the effective date of Sec. 13a-76a. 158 C. 452.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-58a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-58a - Change of zone of property within limits of laid-out highway prohibited.

 Notwithstanding any provisions of the general statutes or any special act to the contrary, no zoning commission or combined planning and zoning commission shall change the zoning of any property situated wholly or partially within the limits of a state highway laid out by the Commissioner of Transportation pursuant to section 13a-57 after said commissioner has selected the route for such highway following the public hearing required by section 13a-58 and has notified the clerk of the town, city or borough in which the proposed highway is to be located, of such selection, for a period of two years from the date of such notification.(1971, P.A. 563, S. 1.)
CT Gen Stat § 13a-60a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-60a - Entry to repair or relocate private driveway.

 (a) Whenever a driveway requires repairing, reconstructing or relocating as a result of state highway relocation, repair, construction or reconstruction, and there is no taking of private property involved, the Commissioner of Transportation may enter upon such private property for the purpose of repairing, relocating or reconstructing such driveway. He shall use care that no unnecessary damage shall result and the cost of such repair, relocation or reconstruction and of any damage or injury caused to such property shall be paid from appropriations made to the commissioner.(b) Whenever a driveway requires repairing, reconstructing or relocating as a result of any municipal highway relocation, repair, construction or reconstruction, and there is no taking of private property involved, an official of the municipality where such driveway is located who is charged with highway construction or maintenance duties may enter upon such private property for the purpose of repairing, relocating or reconstructing such driveway. He shall use care that no unnecessary damage shall result and the cost of such repair, relocation or reconstruction and of any damage or injury caused to such property shall be paid by the municipality.(1967, P.A. 147, S. 1; 1969, P.A. 768, S. 81; P.A. 91-181, S. 2.)History: 1969 act substituted commissioner of transportation for highway commissioner; P.A. 91-181 designated existing language Subsec. (a) and added new Subsec. (b) concerning entry upon private property by municipal officials for repair, relocation or reconstruction of a highway.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-62 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-62 - Application to Superior Court for relief.

 Any person aggrieved by the doings of the selectmen in laying out a highway may, within one hundred twenty days after the survey thereof has been accepted by the town, apply to the superior court for the judicial district in which such town is located for relief, causing such selectmen to be cited to show cause why such relief should not be granted. Such application shall be heard and determined by a committee of three disinterested persons to be appointed by the court. If such committee finds that such highway is not of common convenience and necessity, said court shall set aside such layout, and, if said court sets aside such layout, the costs shall be paid by the town; but, if such committee finds that such highway is of common convenience and necessity, the application shall be dismissed with costs. The report of such committee may be set aside by the court for any irregularity or improper conduct on its part. Proceedings under this section shall not prevent or delay the opening or occupation of such highway.(1949 Rev., S. 2139; 1958 Rev., S. 13-23; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 62; 570, S. 2; P.A. 76-436, S. 332, 681; P.A. 78-280, S. 1, 127; P.A. 15-147, S. 2.)History: 1963 acts provided that proceedings under section “shall not prevent or delay the opening or occupation” of a highway and restated previous provisions: See title history; P.A. 76-436 substituted superior court for court of common pleas and added reference to judicial districts, effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 78-280 deleted reference to counties; P.A. 15-147 changed appeal period from 8 months to 120 days.Procedure under section. 25 C. 597. In fixing width of highway, existing public use of adjoining land may be considered. 38 C. 526. History of section. 73 C. 504. Court should determine issues other than public convenience and necessity before submission to committee. 93 C. 377. Discontinuance of highway does not become final until time for appeal has elapsed. Id., 379. Town may rescind vote to discontinue during this period. Id., 380. Regularity of proceedings affecting layout presumed after 40 years. 95 C. 326. Appeal to supreme court of errors dismissed for lack of final judgment as committee had not yet determined basic question of common convenience and necessity. 148 C. 109. Cited. 150 C. 374; 158 C. 277; 188 C. 336.Cited. 27 CS 469.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-65 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-65 - When jury's doings conclusive. New jury.

 The court to which the doings of such jury are returned may set the same aside if, upon exception taken, it appears to said court that such jury has been improperly summoned or has conducted improperly; otherwise such doings shall be conclusive. If the court sets aside the report of the jury, it shall order another jury to reestimate such damages and benefits in the manner aforesaid; and, if the clerk finds, after he has drawn the names of such jurors from the boxes, that any of them is disqualified, he shall release such as are disqualified and return their names into the box whence they were drawn and summon others, who are indifferent, to supply their places.(1949 Rev., S. 2156; 1958 Rev., S. 13-42; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 65.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.Doings of jury never conclusive when they exceed their jurisdiction. 21 C. 319.Cited. 9 CS 458.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-66 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-66 - Costs on application for jury.

 If the report of the jury, when accepted, does not increase the damages allowed or diminish the assessment of benefits to the applicant by the committee, the court shall order the applicant for the jury to pay the costs of the application. If such jury, in the reassessment of damages or benefits, increases such damages or diminishes such assessment of benefits, the damages so assessed shall be allowed, with the costs of the application, and paid by the town; and the amount assessed for benefits, less the amount of costs of the application, shall be paid to the town by the person upon whom they were assessed.(1949 Rev., S. 2157; 1958 Rev., S. 13-43; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 66.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.Cited. 9 CS 458.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-67 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-67 - Committee's accepted report to be recorded. Judgment.

 When the report of the committee finds that such highway or alteration will be of common convenience and necessity and such report has been accepted, it shall be recorded, and such road shall be a public highway; and judgment shall be rendered for the payment of the damages and benefits respectively assessed by or to the defendant town, to be paid at such time as the court directs, and that the town pay the costs. In all other cases the costs shall be paid by the petitioners, but witness fees shall not be taxed against either party.(1949 Rev., S. 2158; 1958 Rev., S. 13-44; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 67.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.Damages may be assessed to others than actual owners. 1 C. 284, but see 21 C. 327. Damages become a debt against the town. 4 C. 188. Recording of committee's report not essential to existence of highway, or to right to collect damages and benefits. 69 C. 41.Cited. 9 CS 458.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-68 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-68 - Assessment of benefits limited. Collection.

 The benefits assessed for any particular layout or alteration, except in a city or borough, shall in no case exceed the damages assessed therefor, together with one-half the estimated costs of such layout or alteration; and all assessments of benefits may be collected in the same manner as town taxes.(1949 Rev., S. 2159; 1958 Rev., S. 13-45; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 68.)History: 1963 act replaced previous provisions: See title history.
CT Gen Stat § 13a-69 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 13a - Highways and Bridges|Chapter 238 - Highway Construction and Maintenance|Section 13a-69 - Proceedings when towns disobey court order.

 Section 13a-69 is repealed, effective October 1, 2019.(1949 Rev., S. 2160; 1958 Rev., S. 13-46; 1963, P.A. 226, S. 69; 1971, P.A. 870, S. 31; P.A. 76-436, S. 334, 681; P.A. 19-132, S. 8.)