reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
HI Rev Stat § 710-1015 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1015 False reporting to law-enforcement authorities. §710-1015 Commentary:

  §710-1015 False reporting to law-enforcement authorities. (1) A person commits the offense of false reporting to law-enforcement authorities if the person intentionally makes a report or causes the transmission of a report to law-enforcement authorities relating to a crime or other incident within their concern when the person knows that the information contained in the report is false.  (2) False reporting to law-enforcement authorities is a misdemeanor. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; gen ch 1993] COMMENTARY ON §710-1015  The rationale behind this section is much the same as that behind §710-1014: it is undesirable that public resources be wasted, and it is possible that harm may occur from the diversion of public resources from legitimate needs.  The Model Penal Code and most recent state revisions deal with this problem directly.1 The Code avoids specific listings of what kinds of information may not be falsely related to law-enforcement authorities by penalizing all knowing transmission of false information relating to a crime or other incident within their concern. This proscription would include cases where the crime or incident did not occur and where the report pretends to furnish information which the actor does not have.  Previous Hawaii law made false reporting to a police officer concerning a crime a misdemeanor. The Code, while retaining the same penalty, broadens and clarifies the definition of the offense. __________  §710-1015 Commentary: 1. M.P.C. §241.5; N.Y.R.P.L. §240.50; Prop. Del. Cr. Code §735; Prop. Mich. Rev. Cr. Code §4540; Prop. Pa. Cr. Code §2106.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016 Impersonating a public servant. §710-1016 Commentary:

  §710-1016 Impersonating a public servant. (1) A person commits the offense of impersonating a public servant if the person pretends to be a public servant other than a law enforcement officer and engages in any conduct in that capacity with intent to deceive anyone.  (2) It is no defense to a prosecution under this section that the office the person pretended to hold did not in fact exist.  (3) Impersonating a public servant is a misdemeanor. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; am L 1984, c 139, §2; am L 2001, c 91, §4] Cross References  Harassment by impersonation, see §711-1106.6. COMMENTARY ON §710-1016  The object of this section is to prevent imposition on people by the false pretense of authority.  Previous Hawaii law recognized the offense of false personation of a government officer and imposed a possible maximum sentence of one year's imprisonment or a fine of $100.[1] The Code authorizes the same imprisonment, but a greater fine, for misdemeanors. Excluded from part II are offenses involving falsity which borders on perjury, e.g., false application or consent to marriage, false impersonation before a court.[2] These problems are dealt with directly in part VI of this chapter. Statutory protection for private fraternal organizations, by making unauthorized display of the badge or insignia of the organization a crime, is eliminated.[3] Also eliminated is the questionable distinction between the penalty which attaches to the unauthorized wearing of a police officer's uniform or badge and that which attaches to the unauthorized wearing of a uniform or badge which resembles a police officer's.4 Both situations are covered equally under this section provided other requirements are met. SUPPLEMENTAL COMMENTARY ON §710-1016  Act 139, Session Laws 1984, amended this section to exclude the offense of impersonating a peace officer, which offense was made a class C felony. Case Notes  Trial court properly found defendant guilty of impersonating a public servant under this section where defendant wrote and signed a letter to defendant's attorney, in the name of defendant's supervisor, requesting the attorney to ask the presiding judge to drop contempt charges against defendant. 94 H. 440 (App.), 16 P.3d 845 (2000). __________  §710-1016 Commentary: 1. H.R.S. §742-2. 2. See H.R.S. §742-1. 3. Id. §742-5. 4. Compare id. § §742-3 with 742-4.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016.3 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016.3 Obtaining a government-issued identification document under false pretenses in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of obtaining a government-issued identification document under false pretenses in the first degree if that person, with intent to mislead a public servant and intent to facilitate a felony, obtains an identification document issued by the State or any political subdivision thereof by: (a) Making any statement, oral or in written, printed, or electronic form, that the person does not believe to be true, in an application for any identification document issued by the State or any political subdivision thereof; or (b) Submitting or inviting reliance on any statement, document, or record, in written, printed, or electronic form, that the person knows to be falsely made, completed, or altered. (2) Obtaining a government-issued identification document under false pretenses in the first degree is a class C felony. [L 2002, c 224, pt of §2; am L 2014, c 33, §3] Revision Note Section was enacted as an addition to part V but was codified to this part pursuant to §23G-15.

  §710-1016.3 Obtaining a government-issued identification document under false pretenses in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of obtaining a government-issued identification document under false pretenses in the first degree if that person, with intent to mislead a public servant and intent to facilitate a felony, obtains an identification document issued by the State or any political subdivision thereof by:  (a) Making any statement, oral or in written, printed, or electronic form, that the person does not believe to be true, in an application for any identification document issued by the State or any political subdivision thereof; or  (b) Submitting or inviting reliance on any statement, document, or record, in written, printed, or electronic form, that the person knows to be falsely made, completed, or altered.  (2) Obtaining a government-issued identification document under false pretenses in the first degree is a class C felony. [L 2002, c 224, pt of §2; am L 2014, c 33, §3] Revision Note  Section was enacted as an addition to part V but was codified to this part pursuant to §23G-15.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016.5 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016.5 REPEALED. L 1987, c 130, §2.

 §710-1016.5 REPEALED. L 1987, c 130, §2.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016.6 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016.6 Impersonating a law enforcement officer in the first degree.

  §710-1016.6 Impersonating a law enforcement officer in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of impersonating a law enforcement officer in the first degree if, with intent to deceive, the person pretends to be a law enforcement officer and is armed with a firearm.  (2) Impersonating a law enforcement officer in the first degree is a class C felony. [L 1987, c 130, pt of §3]
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016.7 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016.7 Impersonating a law enforcement officer in the second degree.

  §710-1016.7 Impersonating a law enforcement officer in the second degree. (1) A person commits the offense of impersonating a law enforcement officer in the second degree if, with intent to deceive, the person pretends to be a law enforcement officer.  (2) Impersonating a law enforcement officer in the second degree is a misdemeanor. [L 1987, c 130, pt of §3] Case Notes  Police officers did not violate a civil process server's Fourth Amendment rights, because the officers had probable cause to arrest the process server for impersonating a law enforcement officer; since no constitutional violation occurred, the officers were entitled to qualified immunity. 348 F. Supp. 2d 1165 (2004).
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016.8 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016.8 Presumptions.

  §710-1016.8 Presumptions. Any person other than a law enforcement officer, who wears the uniform or displays the badge or identification card of a law enforcement officer, or who wears a uniform or displays a badge or identification card resembling the uniform, badge or identification card of a law enforcement officer, or a badge or identification card purported to be a law enforcement officer's badge or identification card, shall be presumed to be pretending to be a law enforcement officer. [L 1987, c 130, pt of §3]
HI Rev Stat § 710-1016.9 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1016.9 Defense.

  §710-1016.9 Defense. (1) Employment by the State or a subdivision thereof or by the United States as a law enforcement officer at the time of the conduct charged is an affirmative defense to a prosecution for impersonating a law enforcement officer.  (2) It is no defense to a prosecution for impersonating a law enforcement officer that the office the person pretended to hold did not in fact exist. [L 1987, c 130, pt of §3] COMMENTARY ON § §710-1016.6 TO 710-1016.9  Act 130, Session Laws 1987, was enacted by the legislature because it was concerned about the increase in the incidence of police impersonators. The legislature believed it was important to be able to prosecute people who intend to deceive others by impersonating law enforcement officers. Senate Conference Committee Report No. 85, House Conference Committee Report No. 60.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1017.5 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1017.5 Sale or manufacture of deceptive identification document; penalties.

  §710-1017.5 Sale or manufacture of deceptive identification document; penalties. (1) A person commits the offense of sale or manufacture of deceptive identification document if the person intentionally or knowingly manufactures, sells, offers for sale, furnishes, offers to be furnished, transports, offers to be transported, or imports or offers to be imported into this State a deceptive identification document.  (2) As used in this section, "deceptive identification document" means any identification document not issued by a governmental agency that purports to be, or that might deceive a reasonable person into believing that it is, an identification document issued by a governmental agency, including a driver's license, identification card, birth certificate, passport, or social security card.  (3) The sale or manufacture of a deceptive identification document is a class C felony.  (4) Any property used or intended for use in the commission of, attempt to commit, or conspiracy to commit an offense under this section, or that facilitated or assisted such activity, shall be subject to forfeiture under chapter 712A. [L 2001, c 230, §1] Cross References  Protection of personal information, civil remedies, see chapters 487J, 487N, and 487R. COMMENTARY ON §710-1017.5  Act 230, Session Laws 2001, created the criminal offense of the sale or manufacture of deceptive identification documents. Testimony regarding the measure indicated that identification documents, such as driver licenses, identification cards, and birth certificates, have become prey to unscrupulous commercial enterprises that have created a market for selling falsified official identification documents. False identification documents could be used in place of authentic documents for everyday purposes, such as proof of identification, age, or citizenship. Senate Standing Committee Report No. 1131.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1018 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1018 Securing the proceeds of an offense. §710-1018 Commentary:

  §710-1018 Securing the proceeds of an offense. (1) A person commits the offense of securing the proceeds of an offense if, with intent to assist another in profiting or benefiting from the commission of a crime, he aids the person in securing the proceeds of the crime.  (2) Securing the proceeds of an offense is a class C felony if the person assisted committed a class A or B felony or murder of any degree; otherwise it is a misdemeanor. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; am L 1997, c 149, §5] COMMENTARY ON §710-1018  This section is aimed at persons who aid others to accomplish the unlawful objects of their crimes, for example, by safeguarding the proceeds thereof or converting the proceeds into a negotiable form. The actor need not have the intent to hinder prosecution required under § §710-1029 and 1030. As the Model Penal Code commentary points out, there would be "a certain artificiality in proceeding on the theory of obstruction of justice [by hindering prosecution] against one who has really linked himself to the principal offense, and whose interest in frustrating detection is bound to be as much for himself as others."[1]  Previous Hawaii law was more limited than the Code and dealt only with receiving stolen goods.2 The Code deals with all acts of securing the proceeds of an offense. SUPPLEMENTAL COMMENTARY ON §710-1018  Act 149, Session Laws 1997, amended this section to provide that securing the proceeds of an offense is a class C felony if the person assisted, committed murder of any degree. The legislature found that the offense of murder warrants punishment that is sufficient to fit the grave consequences of the crime. Senate Standing Committee Report No. 1600. __________  §710-1018 Commentary: 1. M.P.C., Tentative Draft No. 9, comments at 202 (1959). 2. H.R.S. chapter 761.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1019 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1019 Destroying or defacing official notices; penalty.

  §710-1019 Destroying or defacing official notices; penalty.  (1) Any person who intentionally or knowingly removes, destroys or defaces any notice posted in compliance with any statute, rule, order of court, or order of the department of health, before the expiration date of the notice, shall be guilty of a violation subject to a fine of not more than $100.  (2) Any such notice shall prominently include the expiration date and a statement, "THE DESTRUCTION, REMOVAL, OR DEFACEMENT OF THIS NOTICE PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION DATE IS PROHIBITED BY LAW AND PUNISHABLE BY FINE." [L 1991, c 223, §1] Revision Note  Subsections redesignated pursuant to §23G-15. COMMENTARY ON §710-1019  Act 223, Session Laws 1991, added this section which provides a penalty for destroying or defacing official notices. The legislature felt that a protected notice should contain a statement that the destruction, removal or defacement of an official notice is prohibited by law, in order to make it clear to the public the importance of the document. Conference Committee Report No. 46.
HI Rev Stat § 710-1020 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1020 Escape in the first degree.

  §710-1020 Escape in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of escape in the first degree if the person intentionally employs physical force, the threat of physical force, or a dangerous instrument against the person of another in escaping from a correctional or detention facility or from custody.  (2) Escape in the first degree is a class B felony. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; gen ch 1993] Case Notes  Defendant escaped from prison when defendant failed to return from furlough. 71 H. 251, 787 P.2d 690 (1990).
HI Rev Stat § 710-1022 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1022 Promoting prison contraband in the first degree.

  §710-1022 Promoting prison contraband in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of promoting prison contraband in the first degree if:  (a) The person intentionally conveys a dangerous instrument or drug to any person confined in a correctional or detention facility; or  (b) Being a person confined in a correctional or detention facility, the person intentionally makes, obtains, or possesses a dangerous instrument or drug.  (2) A "dangerous instrument" shall have the same meaning as defined in section 707-700; a dangerous instrument may only be possessed by or conveyed to a confined person with the facility administrator's express prior approval. A "drug" shall include dangerous drugs, detrimental drugs, harmful drugs, intoxicating compounds, marijuana, and marijuana concentrates as listed in section 712-1240; a drug may only be possessed by or conveyed to a confined person with the facility administrator's express prior approval and under medical supervision.  (3) Promoting prison contraband in the first degree is a class B felony. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; am L 1976, c 99, §1; am L 1986, c 339, §79; gen ch 1993] Case Notes  As suspect classification or fundamental right was not involved, and based upon dissimilar statutory treatment generally accorded to possession of marijuana as opposed to alcohol, where there was a rational basis for dissimilar punishment, section did not violate defendant's equal protection right because it imposed a more severe penalty for marijuana possession than for alcohol possession under §710-1023. 92 H. 217 (App.), 990 P.2d 115 (1999).  Section 710-1023(1)(b) (1993) is a lesser included offense of subsection (1)(b). 92 H. 217 (App.), 990 P.2d 115 (1999).
HI Rev Stat § 710-1024 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1024 Bail jumping in the first degree.

  §710-1024 Bail jumping in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of bail jumping in the first degree if, having been released from custody by court order with or without bail, upon condition that the person will subsequently appear as ordered in connection with a charge of having committed a felony, the person knowingly fails to appear as ordered.  (2) Bail jumping in the first degree is a class C felony. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; am L 1993, c 10, §1; am L 2004, c 17, §1]
HI Rev Stat § 710-1026.9 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1026.9 Resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the first degree.

 §710-1026.9 Resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the first degree. (1) A person commits the offense of resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the first degree if the person:  (a) Intentionally fails to obey a direction of a law enforcement officer, acting under color of the law enforcement officer's official authority, to stop the person's motor vehicle; and  (b) While intentionally fleeing from or attempting to elude a law enforcement officer:  (i) Operates the person's motor vehicle in reckless disregard of the safety of other persons; or  (ii) Operates the person's motor vehicle in reckless disregard of the risk that the speed of the person's vehicle exceeds:  (A) The applicable state or county speed limit by thirty miles per hour or more; or  (B) Eighty miles per hour or more, irrespective of the applicable state or county speed limit. For purposes of this section, "the applicable state or county speed limit" shall have the same meaning as in section 291C-105.  (2) Resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the first degree is a class C felony. [L 2016, c 231, §47] COMMENTARY ON §710-1026.9  Act 231, Session Laws 2016, added this section to implement recommendations made by the Penal Code Review Committee convened pursuant to House Concurrent Resolution No. 155, S.D. 1 (2015).
HI Rev Stat § 710-1027 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1027 Resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the second degree.

  §710-1027 Resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the second degree. (1) A person commits the offense of resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the second degree if the person intentionally fails to obey a direction of a law enforcement officer, acting under color of the law enforcement officer's official authority, to stop the person's vehicle.  (2) Resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the second degree is a misdemeanor. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1; gen ch 1993; am L 2001, c 91, §4; am L 2016, c 231, §48] COMMENTARY ON §710-1027  This section is designed to deal with the special problems incident to motor vehicle direction and apprehension of suspects in motor vehicles. Note that whereas it is not made an offense to evade arrest by running away, if the attempt to escape involves a motor vehicle, this section comes into operation. One reason for this special treatment is the inherent danger involved in escape and pursuit by motor vehicle. Another reason, incident to traffic direction and control, is the desirability of giving a peace officer criminal sanctions to back up the peace officer's reasonable traffic directions.  The section specifies that the actor act intentionally. For conviction the actor must have recognized the person giving the order to be a peace officer. For the same reasons discussed in the commentary to §710-1026, it is no defense that the order given was unlawful.  Previous Hawaii law had no specific provision relating to this situation. SUPPLEMENTAL COMMENTARY ON §710-1027  Act 231, Session Laws 2016, amended this section by changing the offense of "resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle" to "resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle in the second degree." The amendment implemented recommendations made by the Penal Code Review Committee convened pursuant to House Concurrent Resolution No. 155, S.D. 1 (2015). Case Notes  Charge was fatally defective for failing to allege intent. 68 H. 586, 723 P.2d 185 (1986).  Evidence held sufficient. 1 H. App. 651, 624 P.2d 940 (1981).  Harm committed by defendant resisting an order to stop a motor vehicle under subsection (1) by driving away after traffic stop not reasonably designed to actually avoid possible serious physical harm to defendant or passenger under §703-302(1)(a). 81 H. 147 (App.), 913 P.2d 558 (1996).
HI Rev Stat § 710-1028 (2021)
2021 Hawaii Revised Statutes|Title 37. Hawaii Penal Code|710. Offenses Against Public Administration|710-1028 Hindering prosecution; definition of rendering assistance.

  §710-1028 Hindering prosecution; definition of rendering assistance. For the purposes of sections [710-1029 and 710-1030], a person renders assistance to another if he:  (1) Harbors or conceals such person;  (2) Warns such person of impending discovery, apprehension, prosecution, or conviction, except this does not apply to a warning given in connection with an effort to bring another into compliance with the law;  (3) Provides such person with money, transportation, weapon, disguise, or other means of avoiding discovery, apprehension, prosecution, or conviction;  (4) Prevents or obstructs, by means of force, deception, or intimidation, anyone from performing an act that might aid in the discovery, apprehension, prosecution, or conviction of such person; or  (5) Suppresses by an act of concealment, alteration, or destruction any physical evidence that might aid in the discovery, apprehension, prosecution, or conviction of such person. [L 1972, c 9, pt of §1]