reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-212 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-212 - Implied Warranty of Merchantability

Section 2A–212. (1) Except in a finance lease, a warranty that the goods will be merchantable is implied in a lease contract if the lessor is a merchant with respect to goods of that kind.  (2) Goods to be merchantable must be at least such as:  (a) pass without objection in the trade under the description in the lease agreement;  (b) in the case of fungible goods, are of fair average quality within the description;  (c) are fit for the ordinary purposes for which goods of that type are used;  (d) run, within the variation permitted by the lease agreement, of even kind, quality, and quantity within each unit and among all units involved;  (e) are adequately contained, packaged, and labeled as the lease agreement may require; and  (f) conform to any promises or affirmations of fact made on the container or label.  (3) Other implied warranties may arise from course of dealing or usage of trade.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-213 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-213 - Implied Warranty of Fitness for Particular Purpose

Section 2A–213. Except in a finance lease, if the lessor at the time the lease contract is made has reason to know of any particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the lessee is relying on the lessor's skill or judgment to select or furnish suitable goods, there is in the lease contract an implied warranty that the goods will be fit for that purpose.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-214 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-214 - Exclusion or Modification of Warranties

Section 2A–214. (1) Words or conduct relevant to the creation of an express warranty and words or conduct tending to negate or limit a warranty must be construed wherever reasonable as consistent with each other; but, subject to the provisions of Section 2A–202 on parol or extrinsic evidence, negation or limitation is inoperative to the extent that the construction is unreasonable.  (2) Subject to subsection (3), to exclude or modify the implied warranty of merchantability or any part of it the language must mention ''merchantability'', be by a writing, and be conspicuous. Subject to subsection (3), to exclude or modify any implied warranty of fitness the exclusion must be by a writing and be conspicuous. Language to exclude all implied warranties of fitness is sufficient if it is in writing, is conspicuous and states, for example, ''There is no warranty that the goods will be fit for a particular purpose''.  (3) Notwithstanding subsection (2), but subject to subsection (4):  (a) unless the circumstances indicate otherwise, all implied warranties are excluded by expressions like ''as is'', or ''with all faults'', or by other language that in common understanding calls the lessee's attention to the exclusion of warranties and makes plain that there is no implied warranty, if in writing and conspicuous;  (b) if the lessee before entering into the lease contract has examined the goods or the sample or model as fully as desired or has refused to examine the goods, there is no implied warranty with regard to defects that an examination ought in the circumstances to have revealed; and  (c) an implied warranty may also be excluded or modified by course of dealing, course of performance, or usage of trade.  (4) To exclude or modify a warranty against interference or against infringement (Section 2A–211) or any part of it, the language must be specific, be by a writing, and be conspicuous, unless the circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade, give the lessee reason to know that the goods are being leased subject to a claim or interest of any person.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-214a (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-214a - Limitation on Exclusion or Modification of Warranties

Section 2A–214A. (1) The provisions of section 2A–214 shall not apply to the extent provided in this section.  (2) Any language, oral or written, in a consumer lease, which attempts to exclude or modify any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or to exclude or modify the lessee's remedies for breach of those warranties, shall be unenforceable.  (3) Any language, oral or written, in a consumer lease, which attempts to limit or modify the lessee's remedies for breach of a manufacturer's express warranties, shall be unenforceable, unless such manufacturer maintains facilities within the commonwealth sufficient to provide reasonable and expeditious performance of the warranty obligations.  (4) Any language, oral or written, in a lease which attempts to exclude or modify any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or to exclude or modify remedies for breach of those warranties, shall be unenforceable with respect to injury to the person. This subsection does not affect the validity under other law of an agreement between a lessor or supplier and a lessee that is an organization (see Section 1–201(28)), allocating, as between them, the risk of damages from or providing indemnity for breaches of those warranties with respect to injury to the person.  (5) The provisions of this section may not be disclaimed or waived by agreement.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-215 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-215 - Cumulation and Conflict of Warranties Express or Implied

Section 2A–215. Warranties, whether express or implied, must be construed as consistent with each other and as cumulative, but if that construction is unreasonable, the intention of the parties determines which warranty is dominant. In ascertaining that intention the following rules apply:  (a) Exact or technical specifications displace an inconsistent sample or model or general language of description.  (b) A sample from an existing bulk displaces inconsistent general language of description.  (c) Express warranties displace inconsistent implied warranties other than an implied warranty of fitness for a particular purpose.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-216 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-216 - Lack of Privity in Actions Against a Manufacturer, Supplier or Lessor of Goods

Section 2A–216. Lack of privity between plaintiff and defendant shall be no defense in any action brought against the manufacturer, supplier or lessor of goods to recover damages for breach of warranty, express or implied, or for negligence, although the plaintiff did not rent or lease the goods from the defendant if the plaintiff was a person whom the manufacturer, supplier or lessor might reasonably have expected to use, consume or be affected by the goods. The manufacturer, supplier or lessor may not exclude or limit the operation of this section. Failure to give notice shall not bar recovery under this section unless the defendant proves that he was prejudiced thereby. All actions under this section shall be commenced within three years next after the date the injury and damage occurs.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-506 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-506 - Statute of Limitations

Section 2A–506. (1) An action for default under a lease contract, including breach of warranty or indemnity, must be commenced within four years after the cause of action accrued. By the original lease contract the parties may reduce the period of limitation to not less than one year.  (2) A cause of action for default accrues when the act or omission on which the default or breach of warranty is based is or should have been discovered by the aggrieved party, or when the default occurs, whichever is later. A cause of action for indemnity accrues when the act or omission on which the claim for indemnity is based is or should have been discovered by the indemnified party, whichever is later.  (3) If an action commenced within the time limited by subsection (1) is so terminated as to leave available a remedy by another action for the same default or breach of warranty or indemnity, the other action may be commenced after the expiration of the time limited and within six months after the termination of the first action unless the termination resulted from voluntary discontinuance or from dismissal for failure or neglect to prosecute.  (4) This section does not alter the law on tolling of the statute of limitations nor does it apply to causes of action that have accrued before this Article becomes effective.  (5) This section does not apply to actions commenced under Section 2A–216.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-218 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-218 - Insurance and Proceeds

Section 2A–218. (1) A lessee obtains an insurable interest when existing goods are identified to the lease contract even though the goods identified are nonconforming and the lessee has an option to reject them.  (2) If a lessee has an insurable interest only by reason of the lessor's identification of the goods, the lessor, until default or insolvency or notification to the lessee that identification is final, may substitute other goods for those identified.  (3) Notwithstanding a lessee's insurable interest under subsections (1) and (2), the lessor retains an insurable interest until an option to buy has been exercised by the lessee and risk of loss has passed to the lessee.  (4) Nothing in this section impairs any insurable interest recognized under any other statute or rule of law.  (5) The parties by agreement may determine that one or more parties have an obligation to obtain and pay for insurance covering the goods and by agreement may determine the beneficiary of the proceeds of the insurance.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-219 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-219 - Risk of Loss

Section 2A–219. (1) Except in the case of a finance lease, risk of loss is retained by the lessor and does not pass to the lessee. In the case of a finance lease, risk of loss passes to the lessee.  (2) Subject to the provisions of this Article on the effect of default on risk of loss (Section 2A–220), if risk of loss is to pass to the lessee and the time of passage is not stated, the following rules apply:  (a) If the lease contract requires or authorizes the goods to be shipped by carrier:  (i) and it does not require delivery at a particular destination, the risk of loss passes to the lessee when the goods are duly delivered to the carrier; but  (ii) if it does require delivery at a particular destination and the goods are there duly tendered while in the possession of the carrier, the risk of loss passes to the lessee when the goods are there duly so tendered as to enable the lessee to take delivery.  (b) If the goods are held by a bailee to be delivered without being moved, the risk of loss passes to the lessee on acknowledgment by the bailee of the lessee's right to possession of the goods.  (c) In any case not within subsection (a) or (b), the risk of loss passes to the lessee on the lessee's receipt of the goods if the lessor, or, in the case of a finance lease, the supplier, is a merchant; otherwise the risk passes to the lessee on tender of delivery.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-211 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-211 - Warranties Against Interference and Against Infringement; Lessee's Obligation Against Infringement

Section 2A–211. (1) There is in a lease contract a warranty that for the lease term no person holds a claim to or interest in the goods that arose from an act or omission of the lessor, other than a claim by way of infringement or the like, which will interfere with the lessee's enjoyment of its leasehold interest.  (2) Except in a finance lease there is in a lease contract by a lessor who is a merchant regularly dealing in goods of the kind a warranty that the goods are delivered free of the rightful claim of any person by way of infringement or the like.  (3) A lessee who furnishes specifications to a lessor or a supplier shall hold the lessor and the supplier harmless against any claim by way of infringement or the like that arises out of compliance with the specifications.
MA Gen L ch 2a § 2a-217 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2a - Leases|Section 2a-217 - Identification

Section 2A–217. Identification of goods as goods to which a lease contract refers may be made at any time and in any manner explicitly agreed to by the parties. In the absence of explicit agreement, identification occurs:  (a) when the lease contract is made if the lease contract is for a lease of goods that are existing and identified;  (b) when the goods are shipped, marked, or otherwise designated by the lessor as goods to which the lease contract refers, if the lease contract is for a lease of goods that are not existing and identified; or  (c) when the young are conceived, if the lease contract is for a lease of unborn young of animals.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-111 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-111 - Place of Payment

Section 3–111. Except as otherwise provided for items in Article 4, an instrument is payable at the place of payment stated in the instrument. If no place of payment is stated, an instrument is payable at the address of the drawee or maker stated in the instrument. If no address is stated, the place of payment is the place of business of the drawee or maker. If a drawee or maker has more than one place of business, the place of payment is any place of business of the drawee or maker chosen by the person entitled to enforce the instrument. If the drawee or maker has no place of business, the place of payment is the residence of the drawee or maker.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-112 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-112 - Interest

Section 3–112. (a) Unless otherwise provided in the instrument, (i) an instrument is not payable with interest, and (ii) interest on an interest-bearing instrument is payable from the date of the instrument.  (b) Interest may be stated in an instrument as a fixed or variable amount of money or it may be expressed as a fixed or variable rate or rates. The amount or rate of interest may be stated or described in the instrument in any manner and may require reference to information not contained in the instrument. If an instrument provides for interest, but the amount of interest payable cannot be ascertained from the description, interest is payable at the judgment rate in effect at the place of payment of the instrument and at the time interest first accrues.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-102 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-102 - Subject Matter

Section 3–102. (a) This Article shall apply to negotiable instruments. It shall not apply to money, to payment orders governed by Article 4A, or to securities governed by Article 8.  (b) If there is conflict between this Article and Article 4 or 9, Articles 4 and 9 shall govern.  (c) Regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and operating circulars of the Federal Reserve Banks supersede any inconsistent provision of this Article to the extent of the inconsistency.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-401 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-401 - Signature

Section 3–401. (a) A person is not liable on an instrument unless (i) the person signed the instrument, or (ii) the person is represented by an agent or representative who signed the instrument and the signature is binding on the represented person under section 3–402.  (b) A signature may be made (i) manually or by means of a device or machine, and (ii) by the use of any name, including a trade or assumed name, or by a word, mark, or symbol executed or adopted by a person with present intention to authenticate a writing.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-402 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-402 - Signature by Representative

Section 3–402. (a) If a person acting, or purporting to act, as a representative signs an instrument by signing either the name of the represented person or the name of the signer, the represented person is bound by the signature to the same extent the represented person would be bound if the signature were on a simple contract. If the represented person is bound, the signature of the representative is the ''authorized signature of the represented person'' and the represented person is liable on the instrument, whether or not identified in the instrument.  (b) If a representative signs the name of the representative to an instrument and the signature is an authorized signature of the represented person, the following rules apply:  (1) If the form of the signature shows unambiguously that the signature is made on behalf of the represented person who is identified in the instrument, the representative is not liable on the instrument.  (2) Subject to subsection (c), if (i) the form of the signature does not show unambiguously that the signature is made in a representative capacity or (ii) the represented person is not identified in the instrument, the representative is liable on the instrument to a holder in due course that took the instrument without notice that the representative was not intended to be liable on the instrument. With respect to any other person, the representative is liable on the instrument unless the representative proves that the original parties did not intend the representative to be liable on the instrument.  (c) If a representative signs the name of the representative as drawer of a check without indication of the representative status and the check is payable from an account of the represented person who is identified on the check, the signer is not liable on the check if the signature is an authorized signature of the represented person.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-403 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-403 - Unauthorized Signature

Section 3–403. (a) Unless otherwise provided in this Article or Article 4, an unauthorized signature is ineffective except as the signature of the unauthorized signer in favor of a person who in good faith pays the instrument or takes it for value. An unauthorized signature may be ratified for all purposes of this Article.  (b) If the signature of more than one person is required to constitute the authorized signature of an organization, the signature of the organization is unauthorized if one of the required signatures is lacking.  (c) The civil or criminal liability of a person who makes an unauthorized signature is not affected by any provision of this Article which makes the unauthorized signature effective for the purposes of this Article.
MA Gen L ch 3 § 3-404 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Section 3-404 - Impostors; Fictitious Payees

Section 3–404. (a) If an impostor, by use of the mails or otherwise, induces the issuer of an instrument to issue the instrument to the impostor, or to a person acting in concert with the impostor, by impersonating the payee of the instrument or a person authorized to act for the payee, an indorsement of the instrument by any person in the name of the payee is effective as the indorsement of the payee in favor of a person who, in good faith, pays the instrument or takes it for value or for collection.  (b) If (i) a person whose intent determines to whom an instrument is payable (section 3–110(a) or (b)) does not intend the person identified as payee to have any interest in the instrument, or (ii) the person identified as payee of an instrument is a fictitious person, the following rules apply until the instrument is negotiated by special indorsement:  (1) Any person in possession of the instrument is its holder.  (2) An indorsement by any person in the name of the payee stated in the instrument is effective as the indorsement of the payee in favor of a person who, in good faith, pays the instrument or takes it for value or for collection.  (c) Under subsection (a) or (b), an indorsement is made in the name of a payee if (i) it is made in a name substantially similar to that of the payee or (ii) the instrument, whether or not indorsed, is deposited in a depositary bank to an account in a name substantially similar to that of the payee.  (d) With respect to an instrument to which subsection (a) or (b) applies, if a person paying the instrument or taking it for value or for collection fails to exercise ordinary care in paying or taking the instrument and that failure substantially contributes to loss resulting from payment of the instrument, the person bearing the loss may recover from the person failing to exercise ordinary care to the extent the failure to exercise ordinary care contributed to the loss.