reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 7-71-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-105. Renewal of Statement of Trade Name

  A person other than a reporting entity having an effective statement of trade name on file in the records of the secretary of state may renew the statement of trade name by delivering to the secretary of state, for filing pursuant to part 3 of article 90 of this title, a statement of trade name renewal at any time during the last three calendar months the statement of trade name is effective. A filed statement of trade name renewal extends, by one calendar year, the period during which the statement of trade name to which it relates is effective. A statement of trade name renewal shall state, with respect to the statement of trade name to be renewed:   The true name of the person, or, in the case of a general partnership that is not a limited liability partnership, the true name of at least one general partner of the partnership;    The name under which the person transacts business in this state, as stated in the statement of trade name;    The person's principal address;  (c.5) A brief description of the kind of business transacted, or contemplated to be transacted, in this state under the name; and     Such other information as the secretary of state may require. (1.5) No statement of trade name renewal shall state a delayed effective date.       Repealed.     History. Source: L. 2004: Entire article R&RE, p. 1540, § 1, effective May 30, 2006. L. 2006: (1)(a) and (1)(c) amended and (1.5) added, p. 853, § 15, effective May 30. L. 2009: IP(1) and (1)(c) amended and (1)(c.5) added, (HB 09-1248), ch. 252, p. 1132, § 12, effective May 14. L. 2010: (2) repealed, (HB 10-1403), ch. 404, p. 1995, § 11, effective August 11.
CO Code § 7-71-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-106. Withdrawal of Statement of Trade Name

  A person having a statement of trade name on file in the records of the secretary of state may withdraw the statement of trade name by delivering to the secretary of state, for filing pursuant to part 3 of article 90 of this title, a statement of trade name withdrawal stating:   The true name of the person;    The trade name with respect to which the statement of trade name withdrawal relates;    That the person will no longer transact business in this state under the trade name; and    That the statement of trade name is withdrawn upon the filing of the statement of trade name withdrawal.       Upon the filing of the statement of trade name withdrawal, the statement of trade name to which it relates shall no longer be effective.     History. Source: L. 2004: Entire article R&RE, p. 1541, § 1, effective May 30, 2006.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 7-71-101 (8) as it existed prior to 2006.
CO Code § 7-71-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-107. Nonprofit Entities

  A nonprofit entity for which a constituent filed document is in the records of the secretary of state may, but shall not be required to, deliver to the secretary of state, for filing pursuant to part 3 of article 90 of this title, a statement of trade name for any name other than its true name under which the nonprofit entity transacts business or conducts activities, or contemplates transacting business or conducting activities, in this state. This article, other than section 7-71-102, shall apply to the statement of trade name and any other statement filed in connection therewith and to the trade name.    Any member of a nonprofit entity for which a constituent filed document is not in the records of the secretary of state may, but shall not be required to, deliver to the secretary of state, for filing pursuant to part 3 of article 90 of this title, a statement of trade name for any name other than the true name of all of its members under which the nonprofit entity transacts business or conducts activities, or contemplates transacting business or conducting activities, in this state. This article, other than section 7-71-102, shall apply to any such statement of trade name and any other statement filed in connection therewith and to any trade name stated in any such statement of trade name.    As to any statement of trade name filed pursuant to this section and any other statement filed in connection with the filing, any reference in this article or in such statement to the phrase “transact business”, or its derivatives or variants, shall include “conduct activities”.     History. Source: L. 2004: Entire article R&RE, p. 1541, § 1, effective May 30, 2006. L. 2006: (1) and (2) amended, p. 853, § 16, effective May 30.    ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Entity and Trade Name Filing Requirements and Customs in Colorado -- Part I”, see 41 Colo. Law. 57 (Nov. 2012). For article, “Entity and Trade Name Filing Requirements and Customs in Colorado -- Part II”, see 41 Colo. Law. 25 (Dec. 2012).
CO Code § 7-71-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-108. Recording of Trade Name Affidavit

  An affidavit stating that a person may hold title to real property in this state under one or more trade names may be recorded in the office of the clerk and recorder of any county in this state in which the person owns, or contemplates owning, any real property or interest in real property and, upon such recording, shall constitute prima facie evidence of the facts recited in the affidavit insofar as such facts affect title to real property located in such county. The affidavit shall include the following:   The true name of the person to which the affidavit relates;    If the person is an entity, the form of entity and the jurisdiction under the law of which it is formed;    If the person is an individual, the street address of the individual's primary residence or usual place of business in this state if the individual has one, or outside this state if the individual has no primary residence or usual place of business in this state, and, if different, the mailing address of the individual or, if the person is an entity, the street address of the entity's usual place of business in this state if it has one, or outside this state if it has no usual place of business in this state and, if different, the mailing address of the entity; and    The trade name or trade names under which the person may hold title to real property in this state.       If the person to which the affidavit relates is not an individual and is capable of holding title to real property under the law of this state, the affidavit also shall be a statement of authority under section 38-30-172, C.R.S., with the effect of a statement of authority as provided in such section, if the affidavit also contains the following:   The true name or position of the person authorized to execute instruments conveying, encumbering, or otherwise affecting title to real property on behalf of the person to which the affidavit relates; and    Any limitation that may exist upon the authority of the person named in the affidavit or holding the position described in the affidavit to bind the person to which the affidavit relates or a statement that no such limitation exists.        History. Source: L. 2004: Entire article R&RE, p. 1542, § 1, effective May 30, 2006.
CO Code § 7-71-109 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-109. Trade Names Registered With the Department of Revenue

  Public records of the registration of trade names with the department of revenue pursuant to section 24-35-301, C.R.S., prior to its repeal, as to which the registration is in effect on May 29, 2006, shall be transferred to the secretary of state. On and after May 30, 2006, each such trade name shall be deemed a trade name for which a statement of trade name is on file in the records of the secretary of state. The statement of trade name deemed filed for each such trade name shall be effective until the date determined by the secretary of state, which date shall not be earlier than December 31, 2007. Applications to register, modify, delete, or renew trade names that are filed with the department of revenue on or before May 29, 2006, but not part of the public records transferred to the secretary of state pursuant to this subsection (1), shall be transmitted by the department of revenue to the secretary of state, together with any fee paid for the applications. Each such application shall be deemed delivered to the secretary of state, for filing pursuant to part 3 of article 90 of this title, by the person on whose behalf the application was made and shall in all respects be subject to part 3 of article 90 of this title. After filing by the secretary of state, each such application shall be deemed effective for purposes of this article and section 7-90-304, as of May 30, 2006.    Fees that have been collected by the department of revenue for registration, modification, deletion, and renewal of registration of trade names that are part of the public records transferred to the secretary of state pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall be remitted to the state treasury pursuant to section 24-35-301 (3), C.R.S., as such section existed prior to its repeal.     History. Source: L. 2004: Entire article R&RE, p. 1542, § 1, effective May 30, 2006.    Cross references:   For registration of trade names as it existed prior to its repeal in 2006, see part 3 of article 35 of title 24, C.R.S., in the 2005 Colorado Revised Statutes.
CO Code § 7-71-110 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-110. Existing Trade Names on File in the Records of the Secretary of State

 Certificates or statements of trade name filed in accordance with this article as in effect before May 30, 2006, that are on file in the records of the secretary of state as of May 29, 2006, shall be effective statements of trade name and shall be deemed to have been filed pursuant to and in accordance with this article. Each of such statements of trade name shall remain effective as provided in section 7-71-104 (1) ; except that any such statement of trade name for a trade name of a person other than a reporting entity shall remain effective until the date determined by the secretary of state, which date shall not be earlier than December 31, 2007.   History. Source: L. 2004: Entire article R&RE, p. 1543, § 1, effective May 30, 2006.
CO Code § 7-71-111 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-111. Affidavit or Certification Recorded Before July 1, 1985

 Any affidavit or certification recorded pursuant to section 7-71-101 (1)(a) or (7) prior to July 1, 1985, shall continue to constitute prima facie evidence of the facts recited therein insofar as the same affect title to real property.   History. Source: L. 2006: Entire section added, p. 854, § 17, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-71-112 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 71 - Trade Names|§ 7-71-112. Affidavit or Certification Recorded Pursuant to 24-35-301 (1.5), c.r.s

 Any affidavit recorded pursuant to section 24-35-301 (1.5), C.R.S., prior to its repeal, shall continue to constitute prima facie evidence of the facts recited therein insofar as the same affect title to real property.   History. Source: L. 2006: Entire section added, p. 854, § 17, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-74-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-101. Short Title

 This article shall be known and may be cited as the “Uniform Trade Secrets Act”.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 460, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-74-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-103. Injunctive Relief

 Temporary and final injunctions including affirmative acts may be granted on such equitable terms as the court deems reasonable to prevent or restrain actual or threatened misappropriation of a trade secret.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 461, § 1, effective July 1.    ANNOTATION   No claim for misappropriation of trade secret. Nothing protectable was used by former employee when he took general business knowledge from one job to the next. Although misappropriation can be established without any copying or physical appropriation, business practices at best hold a tenuous claim to being trade secrets. Rivendell Forest Prods. v. Georgia-Pacific, 824 F. Supp. 961 (D. Colo. 1993 ).   Awards of both damages and injunctive relief are authorized under the Uniform Trade Secrets Act, but the trial court is not required to award both. The grant or denial of an injunction lies within the trial court's sound discretion and will be reversed on appeal only upon a showing of abuse of that discretion. Ovation Plumbing, Inc. v. Furton, 33 P.3d 1221 (Colo. App. 2001).   This section merely authorizes and does not mandate injunctive relief and thus does not allow a presumption of irreparable harm. First W. Capital Mgmt. Co. v. Malamed, 874 F.3d 1136 (10th Cir. 2017).
CO Code § 7-74-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-104. Damages

  Except to the extent that a material and prejudicial change of position prior to acquiring knowledge or reason to know of misappropriation renders a monetary recovery inequitable, a complainant is entitled to recover damages for misappropriation. Damages may include both the actual loss caused by misappropriation and the unjust enrichment caused by misappropriation that is not taken into account in computing actual loss. In lieu of damages measured by any other methods, the damages caused by misappropriation may be measured by imposition of liability for a reasonable royalty for a misappropriator's unauthorized disclosure or use of a trade secret.    If the misappropriation is attended by circumstances of fraud, malice, or a willful and wanton disregard of the injured party's right and feelings, the court or the jury may award exemplary damages in an amount not exceeding the award made under subsection (1) of this section.     History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 461, § 1, effective July 1.    ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Assessing Damages for Misappropriation of Trade Secrets”, see 27 Colo. Law. 71 (Aug. 1998).   Revelations regarding trade secrets were so malicious and wanton that defendant was entitled to recover attorney's fees, costs, and exemplary damages under this section. In Re S & D Foods, Inc., 144 B.R. 121 (Bankr. D. Colo. 1992 ).
CO Code § 7-74-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-105. Attorney Fees

 If a claim of misappropriation is made in bad faith, a motion to terminate an injunction is made or resisted in bad faith, or willful and malicious misappropriation exists, the court may award reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 461, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-74-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-106. Preservation of Secrecy

 In an action under this article, a court shall preserve the secrecy of an alleged trade secret by reasonable means, which may include granting protective orders in connection with discovery proceedings, holding in-camera hearings, sealing the records of the action, and ordering any person involved in the litigation not to disclose an alleged trade secret without prior court approval.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 461, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-74-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-107. Statute of Limitations

 An action for misappropriation of a trade secret shall be brought within three years after the misappropriation is discovered or by the exercise of reasonable diligence should have been discovered. For the purposes of this section, a continuing misappropriation constitutes a single claim.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 462, § 1, effective July 1.    Cross references:   For other provisions relating to limitations on personal actions, see article 80 of title 13.   ANNOTATION   The statute of limitations begins to run once a plaintiff learns a defendant improperly disclosed trade secrets, even though the defendant subsequently may also have unlawfully used those same trade secrets. Chasteen v. UNISIA JECS Corp., 216 F.3d 1212 (10th Cir. 2000).   The statute of limitations on trade secret misappropriation claims begins to run not when a plaintiff can positively and directly prove misappropriation rather than independent development, but simply when the plaintiff has knowledge of sufficient facts from which a reasonable jury could infer misappropriation. Chasteen v. UNISIA JECS Corp., 216 F.3d 1212 (10th Cir. 2000); Gognat v. Ellsworth, 224 P.3d 1039 (Colo. App. 2009), aff'd, 259 P.3d 497 (Colo. 2011).   To bring a claim of trade secret misappropriation, one does not need to know the specific damage inflicted. Phillips v. AWH Corp., 363 F.3d 1207 (Fed. Cir. 2004).   Statute provides for a single accrual date for multiple misappropriations of a single trade secret or of multiple, related trade secrets, coinciding with the first date plaintiff has knowledge of sufficient facts from which a jury could reasonably infer misappropriation. Gognat v. Ellsworth, 224 P.3d 1039 (Colo. App. 2009), aff'd, 259 P.3d 497 (Colo. 2011).   By specifying that “a continuing misappropriation constitutes a single claim,” statute evinces a clear legislative intent that multiple misappropriations by the same party be treated as a single claim for accrual purposes. Gognat v. Ellsworth, 224 P.3d 1039 (Colo. App. 2009), aff'd, 259 P.3d 497 (Colo. 2011).
CO Code § 7-74-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-108. Effect on Other Law

  Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, this article displaces conflicting tort, restitutionary, and other law of this state providing civil remedies for misappropriation of a trade secret.    This article does not affect:   Contractual remedies, whether or not based upon misappropriation of a trade secret;    Other civil remedies that are not based upon misappropriation of a trade secret; or    Criminal remedies, whether or not based upon misappropriation of a trade secret.        History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 462, § 1, effective July 1.    Cross references:   For theft of trade secrets, see § 18-4-408 .   ANNOTATION   Claims for interference with business relations do not conflict with the Uniform Trade Secrets Act (USTA) and, therefore, are not preempted. Powell Prods., Inc. v. Marks, 948 F. Supp. 1469 (D. Colo. 1996 ).   Claims that, although involving a trade secret misappropriation issue, include additional elements not necessary to a misappropriation claim under the UTSA do not conflict with the UTSA and are not preempted. Powell Prods., Inc. v. Marks, 948 F. Supp. 1469 (D. Colo. 1996 ).   Preemption is only appropriate where other claims are no more than a restatement of the same operative facts which would plainly and exclusively spell out only trade secret misappropriation. Powell Prods., Inc. v. Marks, 948 F. Supp. 1469 (D. Colo. 1996 ).   The economic loss rule does not preclude statutory claims under this act. Great Am. Opportunities, Inc. v. Kent, 352 F. Supp. 3d 1126 (D. Colo. 2018 ).
CO Code § 7-74-109 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-109. Uniformity of Application and Construction

 This article shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this article among states enacting it.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 462, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-74-110 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 74 - Uniform Trade Secrets Act|§ 7-74-110. Severability

 If any provision of this article or its application to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the article which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this article are severable.   History. Source: L. 86: Entire article added, p. 462, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-102-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 102 - Incorporation|§ 7-102-101. Incorporators

 One or more persons may act as the incorporator or incorporators of a corporation by delivering articles of incorporation to the secretary of state, for filing pursuant to part 3 of article 90 of this title. An incorporator who is an individual shall be of the age of eighteen years or older.   History. Source: L. 93: Entire article added, p. 742, § 1, effective July 1, 1994. L. 2002: Entire section amended, p. 1846, § 104, effective July 1; entire section amended, p. 1711, § 103, effective October 1. L. 2004: Entire section amended, p. 1496, § 247, effective July 1.
CO Code § 7-102-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 7 - Corporations and Associations|Article 102 - Incorporation|§ 7-102-103. Incorporation

  A corporation is incorporated when the articles of incorporation are filed by the secretary of state or, if a delayed effective date is stated pursuant to section 7-90-304 in the articles of incorporation as filed by the secretary of state and if a statement of change revoking the articles of incorporation is not filed before such effective date, on such delayed effective date. The corporate existence begins upon incorporation.    The secretary of state's filing of the articles of incorporation is conclusive that all conditions precedent to incorporation have been met.     History. Source: L. 93: Entire article added, p. 744, § 1, effective July 1, 1994. L. 96: (2) amended, p. 1312, § 8, effective June 1. L. 2002: (1) amended, p. 1859, § 157, effective July 1; (1) amended, p. 1711, § 105, effective October 1. L. 2003: (1) amended, p. 2314, § 221, effective July 1, 2004. L. 2004: (1) amended, p. 1496, § 249, effective July 1.    ANNOTATION   Annotator's note. Since § 7-102-103 is similar to § 7-2-104 as it existed prior to the 1993 recodification of the “Colorado Business Corporation Act”, articles 101 to 117 of title 7, cases construing that provision and its predecessors have been included in the annotations to this section.   Any attempt to pierce the corporate veil after corporate existence was established is equitable in nature and therefore may not be heard by a jury. Straub v. Mtn. Trails Resort, Inc., 770 P.2d 1321 (Colo. App. 1988).