reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
LA Civ Code art. 239 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 239. Modification or termination of support

  The amount of support may be modified if the circumstances of the obligor or the obligee materially change and shall be terminated if it has become unnecessary.  Acts 2015, No. 260, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2016.
LA Civ Code art. 246 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 246. Occasion for tutorship.

The minor not emancipated is placed under the authority of a tutor after the dissolution of the marriage of his father and mother or the separation from bed and board of either one of them from the other. Amended by Acts 1924, No. 72.
LA Civ Code art. 247 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 247. Kinds of tutorships.

There are four sorts of tutorships:  Tutorship by nature;  Tutorship by will;  Tutorship by the effect of the law;  Tutorship by the appointment of the judge.
LA Civ Code art. 248 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 248. Modes of establishment of tutorships.

Tutorship by nature takes place of right, but the natural tutor must qualify for the office as provided by law. In every other kind of tutorship the tutor must be confirmed or appointed by the court, and must qualify for the office as provided by law. Amended by Acts 1960, No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1961.
LA Civ Code art. 249 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 249. Accountability of tutor.

For every sort of tutorship, the tutor is accountable.
LA Civ Code art. 250 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 250. Persons entitled to tutorship

Upon the death of either parent, the tutorship of minor children belongs of right to the other. Upon divorce or judicial separation from bed and board of parents, the tutorship of each minor child belongs of right to the parent under whose care he or she has been placed or to whose care he or she has been entrusted; however, if the parents are awarded joint custody of a minor child, then the cotutorship of the minor child shall belong to both parents, with equal authority, privileges, and responsibilities, unless modified by order of the court or by an agreement of the parents, approved by the court awarding joint custody. In the event of the death of a parent to whom joint custody had been awarded, the tutorship of the minor children of the deceased belongs of right to the surviving parent. All those cases are called tutorship by nature. Amended by Acts 1924, No. 196; Acts 1981, No. 283, §1; Acts 1982, No. 307, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1983; Acts 1983, No. 695, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 252 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 252. Unborn and posthumous children.

If a wife happens to be pregnant at the time of the death of her husband, no tutor shall be appointed to the child till after his birth; but, if it should be necessary, the judge may appoint a curator for the preservation of the rights of the unborn child, and for the administration of the estate which may belong to such child. At the birth of the posthumous child, such curator shall be of right the undertutor.
LA Civ Code art. 256 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 256. Children born outside of marriage

  A. The mother is of right the tutrix of her child born outside of marriage not acknowledged by the father, or acknowledged by him without her concurrence.  B. After the death of the mother, if the father had not acknowledged the child prior to the mother's death, the court shall give first consideration to appointment as tutor either of her parents or siblings who survive her and accept the appointment, and secondly, the father, always taking into consideration the best interests of the child.  C. If both parents have acknowledged their child born outside of marriage, the judge shall appoint as tutor the one by whose care the best interests of the child will be served. However, if the parents are awarded joint custody of such acknowledged child born outside of marriage, then the cotutorship of such child shall belong of right to both parents, with equal authority, privileges, and responsibilities, unless modified by order of the court or by an agreement of the parents, approved by the court awarding joint custody.  Acts 1983, No. 215, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1983; Acts 2016, No. 210, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 257 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 257. Surviving parent's right of appointment.

The right of appointing a tutor, whether a relation or a stranger, belongs exclusively to the father or mother dying last. The right of appointing a tutor, whether a relation or a stranger, also belongs to a parent who has been named the curator for the other living spouse, when that other living spouse has been interdicted, subject only to the right of the interdicted parent to claim the tutorship should his incapacity be removed by a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. This is called tutorship by will, because generally it is given by testament; but it may likewise be given by any declaration of the surviving father or mother, or the parent who is the curator of the other spouse, executed before a notary and two witnesses. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 142, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 258 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 258. Right of appointment where parents are divorced or separated

If the parents are divorced or judicially separated, only the one to whom the court has entrusted the care and custody of the children has a right to appoint a tutor for them as provided in Article 257. However, if the parents have been awarded joint custody of the children, then the right to appoint a tutor for them belongs to the parent dying last, but either parent may appoint a tutor of the property of the children as provided in Article 257. In the event that both parents appoint a tutor of the property of the children, the tutors shall separately administer that portion of the children's property which is attributable to the respective parent's estate. The court shall decide which tutor shall administer that portion of the children's property which is not attributable to either parent's estate. Acts 1992, No. 680, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 259 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 259. Option of acceptance of tutorship.

The tutor by will is not compelled to accept the tutorship to which he is appointed by the father or mother. But if he refuses the tutorship, he loses in that case all the legacies and other advantages, which the person who appointed him may have made in his favor under a persuasion that he would accept this trust.
LA Civ Code art. 261 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 261. Child born outside of marriage

  The father or mother who is entitled to the tutorship of the child born outside of marriage, according to the provisions of Article 256, can choose a tutor for him, whose appointment, to be valid, must be approved by the judge.  Amended by Acts 1979, No. 607, §1; Acts 2016, No. 210, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 262 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 262. Appointment of several tutors; order of priority.

If the parent who died last has appointed several tutors to the children, the person first mentioned shall be alone charged with the tutorship, and the second shall not be called to it, except in case of the death, absence, refusal, incapacity or displacing of the first, and in like manner as to the others in succession.
LA Civ Code art. 263 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 263. Qualified ascendants; collaterals by blood; surviving spouse.

When a tutor has not been appointed to the minor by father or mother dying last, or if the tutor thus appointed has not been confirmed or has been excused, then the judge shall appoint to the tutorship, from among the qualified ascendants in the direct line, collaterals by blood within the third degree and the surviving spouse of the minor's mother or father dying last, the person whose appointment is in the best interests of the minor. Amended by Acts 1976, No. 429, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 270 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 270. Occasion for tutorship.

When a minor is an orphan, and has no tutor appointed by his father or mother, nor any relations who may claim the tutorship by effect of law, or when the tutor appointed in some of the modes above expressed is liable to be excluded or disqualified, or is excused legally, the judge shall appoint a tutor to the minor. Amended by Acts 1960, No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1961.
LA Civ Code art. 273 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 273. Necessity for appointment.

In every tutorship there shall be an undertutor. Amended by Acts 1960, No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1961.
LA Civ Code art. 278 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 278. Liability concerning minor's legal mortgage.

The undertutor who fails or neglects to cause to be inscribed in the manner required by law, the evidence of the minor's legal mortgage against his tutor, shall be liable for all the damages which the minor may sustain in consequence of such failure or neglect; and this claim for damages shall not be prescribed so long as the minor's right of action exists against his tutor.
LA Civ Code art. 280 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 280. Termination of undertutorship.

The duties of the undertutor are at an end at the same time with the tutorship.
LA Civ Code art. 292 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 292. Excuse by reason of office or function.

The following persons are dispensed or excused from the tutorship by the privilege of their offices or functions:  1. The Governor and the Secretary of State;  2. The judges of the different courts of this State and the officers of the same;  3. The Mayor of the city of New Orleans;  4. The Collector of the Customs;  5. The officers and soldiers attached to the regular troops, whether on land or sea service, employed and in actual service in this State, and all the officers who are intrusted in this State with any mission from the Government, as long as they are employed;  6. Preceptors and other persons keeping public schools, as long as they remain in the useful and actual exercise of their profession;  7. Ministers of the gospel.
LA Civ Code art. 293 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 293. Waiver of excuse by subsequent acceptance of tutorship.

The persons mentioned in the preceding article, who have accepted a tutorship posterior to their being invested with the offices, engaged in the service, or intrusted with the mission which dispenses from it, shall not be admitted to be excused on that account.
LA Civ Code art. 294 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 294. Subsequently acquired excuse.

Those, on the contrary, who shall have been invested with offices, who shall have engaged in the service, or shall have been intrusted with commissions, posterior to their acceptation and administration of a tutorship, may, if they do not choose to continue to act as tutor, be excused from the tutorship, and apply for the appointment of another tutor to supply their place.
LA Civ Code art. 295 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 295. Excuse for remote relationship.

No person, who is not a relation of the minor by consanguinity, or who is only related to him beyond the fourth degree, can be compelled to accept the tutorship.
LA Civ Code art. 296 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 296. Excuse for age.

Every person who has attained the age of sixty-five years, may refuse to be a tutor. The person who shall have been appointed prior to that age, may be excused from the tutorship at the age of seventy years.
LA Civ Code art. 297 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 297. Excuse for infirmity.

Every person affected with a serious infirmity, may be excused from the tutorship, if this infirmity be of such nature as to render him incapable of transacting his own business. He may even be discharged from the tutorship, if such infirmity has befallen him after his appointment.
LA Civ Code art. 298 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 298. Excuse for prior tutorships

The person who is appointed to two tutorships has a legal excuse for not accepting a third. A parent who has been appointed to one tutorship shall not be compelled to accept a second tutorship, except it be that of his own children. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 163, §3.
LA Civ Code art. 299 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 299. Time to present excuse.

The tutor, who has excuses to offer against his appointment, must propose them to the judge who has appointed him, within ten days after he has been acquainted with his appointment, or after the same shall have been notified to him, which period shall be increased one day for every ten miles distance from his residence to the place where his appointment was made, and after this delay he shall no longer be admitted to offer any excuse, unless he has sufficient reason to account for such delay.
LA Civ Code art. 300 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 300. Provisional administration pending consideration of excuse.

During the time of the pendency of the litigation relative to the validity of his excuses, the tutor who is appointed shall be bound provisionally* to administer as such, until he shall have been regularly discharged. * "Provisionally" has no counterpart in French text.
LA Civ Code art. 301 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 301. Parent's unconditional obligation of tutorship.

The causes herein expressed, or any other, cannot excuse a parent from the obligation of accepting the tutorship of his children. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 163, §3.
LA Civ Code art. 308 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 308. Duty to apply for appointment.

In every case where it is necessary to appoint a tutor to a minor, all those of his relations who reside within the parish of the judge, who is to appoint him, are bound to apply to such judge, in order that a tutor be appointed to the minor at farthest within ten days after the event which make [makes] such appointment necessary.
LA Civ Code art. 309 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 309. Minors exempt from taking application.

Minor relations are not included in the provisions contained in the preceding article. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 163, §3.
LA Civ Code art. 310 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 310. Liability for failure to make application.

Relations who have neglected to cause a tutor to be appointed, are responsible for the damages which the minor may have suffered. This responsibility is enforced against relations in the order according to which they are called to the inheritance of the minor, so that they are responsible only in case of the insolvency of him or them who precede them in that order, and this responsibility is not in solidum between relations who have a right to the inheritance in the same degree.
LA Civ Code art. 311 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 311. Action for damages; prescription.

The action which results from this responsibility can not be maintained by the tutor but within the year of his appointment. If the tutor neglects to bring his action within that time, he is answerable for such neglect to the minor.
LA Civ Code art. 322 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 322. Minor's legal mortgage on tutor's property.

The recording of the certificate of the clerk operates as a legal mortgage in favor of the minor for the amount therein stated, on all the immovable property of the natural tutor in the parish. Amended by Acts 1960, No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1961.
LA Civ Code art. 333 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 333. Sale of mortgaged property by one claimant; inscription of legal mortgage of remaining minors.

Whenever a special mortgage is given by a tutor to secure the rights of two or more minors, any of the minors, on attaining the age of majority or being emancipated, may cause the sale of the mortgaged property to satisfy the indebtedness of the tutor to him, after having discussed the other property of the debtor, in the following manner:  If the judge is of the opinion that the mortgaged property is sufficient to satisfy all of the demands of the major and minors, he shall order the sale of so much of the property as will satisfy the demand of the major, if susceptible of division, and the property so sold shall be free of the mortgage in favor of the remaining minors. If the judge is of the opinion that the mortgaged property is not sufficient to meet the demands of the major and minors, or that it is not susceptible of division, he shall order the sale of the whole of the mortgaged property, and the release of the mortgage of the major and minors. The proceeds of the sale, after defraying the expenses thereof, shall be divided equally among the major and minors, giving each his virile share. The portion to be paid the minors shall be paid to their tutor. When the judge orders the sale of the property, he shall order the inscription of the minor's legal mortgage in the manner heretofore provided. This inscription shall be made in the parish where the tutor resides within three days of the order, and in all other parishes where the tutor has immovable property within thirty days of the order. Amended by Acts 1960, No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1961.
LA Civ Code art. 336 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 336. Alienation of minor's immovables.

The prohibition of alienating the immovables of a minor, does not extend to the case in which a judgment is to be executed against him, or of a licitation made at the instance of the coheir, or other coproprietor. Acts 1966, No. 496, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 338 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 338. Interest.

The sum which appears to be due by the tutor as the balance of his accounts, bears interest, without a judicial demand, from the day on which the accounts were closed. The same rule applies to the balance due to the tutor. Acts 1966, No. 496, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 339 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 339. Agreements between tutor and minor.

Every agreement which may take place between the tutor and the minor arrived at the age of majority, shall be null and void, unless the same was entered into after the rendering of a full account and delivery of the vouchers, the whole being made to appear by the receipt of the person to whom the account was rendered, ten days previous to the agreement. Acts 1966, No. 496, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 340 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 340. Prescription of minor's action against tutor.

The action of the minor against his tutor, respecting the acts of the tutorship, is prescribed by four years, to begin from the day of his majority. Acts 1966, No. 496, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 354 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 354. Procedure for placing under tutorship.

Persons, including certain children, with intellectual disabilities or mental deficiencies may be placed under continuing or permanent tutorship without formal or complete interdiction in accordance with the following rules and the procedures stated in the Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure. Added by Acts 1966, No. 496, §2; Acts 2014, No. 811, §30, eff. June 23, 2014.
LA Civ Code art. 355 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 355. Petition for continuing or permanent tutorship

  When a person above the age of fifteen possesses less than two-thirds of the intellectual functioning of a person of the same age with average intellectual functioning, evidenced by standard testing procedures administered by competent persons or other relevant evidence acceptable to the court, the parents of such person, or the person entitled to custody or tutorship if one or both parents are dead, incapacitated, or absent persons, or if the parents are judicially separated or divorced or have never been married to each other, may, with the written concurrence of the coroner of the parish of the intellectually disabled person's domicile, petition the court of that district to place such person under a continuing tutorship which shall not automatically end at any age but shall continue until revoked by the court of domicile. The petitioner shall not bear the coroner's costs or fees associated with securing the coroner's concurrence.  Added by Acts 1966, No. 496, §2. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 714, §1; Acts 1991, No. 107, §1; Acts 2016, No. 115, §1; Acts 2018, No. 164, §1; Acts 2020, No. 218, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 356 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 356. Title of proceedings; procedural rules; parents as tutor and undertutor.

  The title of the proceedings shall be Continuing Tutorship of (Name of Person), A Person with an Intellectual Disability.  (1) When the person to be placed under the continuing tutorship is above the age of fifteen, and under the age of majority, the proceeding shall be conducted according to the procedural rules established for ordinary tutorships.  (2) When the person to be placed under the continuing tutorship is above the age of majority, the proceeding shall be conducted according to the procedural rules established for interdictions.  (3) When the parents of the person to be placed under the continuing tutorship are married to each other and petition jointly, the court shall appoint the parents as co-tutors, unless for good cause the court decrees otherwise.  (4) When the parents of the person to be placed under the continuing tutorship are married to each other but do not petition jointly, the court shall appoint either a petitioning parent as tutor or both individually petitioning parents as co-tutors, in accordance with the best interest of the child.  (5) Upon the petition of a parent of the person to be placed under the continuing tutorship, the court shall, unless good cause requires otherwise, appoint as tutor the petitioning parent who is:  (a) The surviving parent, if one parent is dead.  (b) The parent awarded custody during minority of the person to be placed under the continuing tutorship, if the parents are divorced or judicially separated.  (c) The parent who was tutor or tutrix during minority, if the parents were never married to each other.  Added by Acts 1966, No. 496, §2. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 714, §1; Acts 2014, No. 26, §1; Acts 2014, No. 811, §30, eff. June 23, 2014; Acts 2020, No. 218, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 357 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 357. Decree, place of recording, notice.

If the prayer for continuing or permanent tutorship be granted, the decree shall be recorded in the conveyance and mortgage records of the parish of the minor's domicile, and of any future domicile, and in such other parishes as may be deemed expedient. The decree shall not be effective as to persons without notice thereof outside of the parishes in which it is recorded. Added by Acts 1966, No. 496, §2.
LA Civ Code art. 358 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 358. Authority, privileges, and duties of tutor and undertutor; termination of tutorship.

The granting of the decree shall confer upon the tutor and undertutor the same authority, privileges, and responsibilities as in other tutorships, including the same authority to give consent for any medical treatment or procedure, to give consent for any educational plan or procedure, and to obtain medical, educational, or other records, but the responsibility of the tutor for the offenses or quasi-offenses of the person with an intellectual disability shall be the same as that of a curator for those of the interdicted person and the tutorship shall not terminate until the decree is set aside by the court of the domicile, or the court of last domicile if the domicile of the person with an intellectual disability is removed from the State of Louisiana. Added by Acts 1966, No. 496, §2. Amended by Acts 1979, No. 216, §1; Acts 2014, No. 811, §30, eff. June 23, 2014.
LA Civ Code art. 359 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 359. Restriction on legal capacity.

  The decree if granted shall restrict the legal capacity of the person with an intellectual disability to that of a minor.  Added by Acts 1966, No. 496, §2. Amended by Acts 1974, No. 714, §1; Acts 2014, No. 811, §30, eff. June 23, 2014; Acts 2018, No. 164, §1.