reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NY UCC § 1-207 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 2 - General Definitions and Principles of Interpretation 1-207 - Statute of Frauds for Kinds of Personal Property Not Otherwise Covered.

Section  1--207.  Statute of Frauds for Kinds of Personal Property Not Otherwise Covered.  (a) Except in the cases described in subsection (b) of this section  a contract  for the sale of personal property is not enforceable by way of action or defense beyond five thousand dollars in  amount  or  value  of remedy  unless there is some writing which indicates that a contract for sale has been made between the parties at a  defined  or  stated  price, reasonably  identifies  the  subject  matter, and is signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by his authorized agent.  (b) Subsection (a) of this section does not apply to contracts for the sale of goods (Section 2--201) nor of securities (Section 8--113) nor to security agreements (Section 9--203).  (c) Subsection (a) of this section  does  not  apply  to  a  qualified financial  contract  as  that  term  is  defined  in  paragraph  two  of subdivision b of section 5-701 of the general obligations law if  either (1) there is, as provided in paragraph three of subdivision b of section 5-701  of  such law, sufficient evidence to indicate that a contract has been made or (2) the parties thereto, by means of a prior or  subsequent written contract, have agreed to be bound by the terms of such qualified financial  contract from the time they reach agreement (by telephone, by exchange of electronic messages, or otherwise) on those terms.
NY UCC § 1-301 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-301 - Territorial Applicability; Parties' Power to Choose Applicable Law.

Section 1--301. Territorial  Applicability;  Parties'  Power  to  Choose                   Applicable Law.  (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, when  a  transaction bears  a  reasonable relation to this state and also to another state or nation, the parties may agree that the law either of this  state  or  of such  other state or nation shall govern their rights and duties so long as none of the parties to the transaction is a consumer and  a  resident of  New  York.  Where a consumer is a resident of the state of New York, New York state law shall apply.  (b) In the absence of an agreement effective under subsection (a), and except as provided in subsection (c), this act applies  to  transactions bearing an appropriate relation to this state.  (c)  If  one  of  the  following  provisions of this act specifies the applicable law, that provision  governs  and  a  contrary  agreement  is effective only to the extent permitted by the law so specified:  (1) Section 2--402;  (2) Sections 2-A--105 and 2-A--106;  (3) Section 4--102;  (4) Section 4-A--507;  (5) Section 5--116;  (6) Section 8--110; and  (7) Sections 9--301 through 9--307.
NY UCC § 1-302 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-302 - Variation by Agreement.

Section 1--302. Variation by Agreement.  (a)  Except  as  otherwise  provided in subsection (b) or elsewhere in this act, the effect  of  provisions  of  this  act  may  be  varied  by agreement.  (b) The obligations of good faith, diligence, reasonableness, and care prescribed  by this act may not be disclaimed by agreement. The parties, by agreement, may determine the standards by which  the  performance  of those  obligations  is  to  be  measured  if  those  standards  are  not manifestly unreasonable. Whenever this act  requires  an  action  to  be taken   within  a  reasonable  time,  a  time  that  is  not  manifestly unreasonable may be fixed by agreement.  (c) The presence in certain provisions  of  this  act  of  the  phrase "unless  otherwise  agreed",  or words of similar import, does not imply that the effect of other provisions may not be varied by agreement under this section.
NY UCC § 1-303 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-303 - Course of Performance, Course of Dealing, and Usage of Trade.

Section 1--303. Course  of  Performance, Course of Dealing, and Usage of                   Trade.  (a) A "course of performance" is a sequence  of  conduct  between  the parties to a particular transaction that exists if:  (1)  the  agreement  of  the  parties  with respect to the transaction involves repeated occasions for performance by a party; and  (2) the other party, with knowledge of the nature of  the  performance and  opportunity  for  objection  to  it,  accepts  the  performance  or acquiesces to it without objection.  (b) A "course of dealing" is a sequence of conduct concerning previous transactions between the parties to a  particular  transaction  that  is fairly  to  be  regarded as establishing a common basis of understanding for interpreting their expressions and other conduct.  (c) A "usage of trade" is any practice or  method  of  dealing  having such  regularity  of  observance  in  a  place, vocation, or trade as to justify an expectation that it will be  observed  with  respect  to  the transaction in question. The existence and scope of such a usage must be proved as facts. If it is established that such a usage is embodied in a trade  code  or  similar  record,  the interpretation of the record is a question of law.  (d) A course of performance or course of dealing between  the  parties or  usage of trade in the vocation or trade in which they are engaged or of which they are or should be aware is  relevant  in  ascertaining  the meaning  of  the  parties'  agreement,  may  give  particular meaning to specific terms of the agreement, and may supplement or qualify the terms of the agreement. A usage of trade applicable in the place in which part of the performance under the agreement is to occur may be so utilized as to that part of the performance.  (e) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the express  terms of  an  agreement  and  any  applicable course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade must  be  construed  whenever  reasonable  as consistent with each other. If such a construction is unreasonable:  (1)  express  terms  prevail  over  course  of  performance, course of dealing, and usage of trade;  (2) course of performance prevails over course of dealing and usage of trade; and  (3) course of dealing prevails over usage of trade.  (f) Subject to Section 2--209, a course of performance is relevant  to show  a  waiver or modification of any term inconsistent with the course of performance.  (g) Evidence of a relevant usage of trade offered by one party is  not admissible  unless  that party has given the other party notice that the court finds sufficient to prevent unfair surprise to the other party.
NY UCC § 1-304 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-304 - Obligation of Good Faith.

Section 1--304. Obligation of Good Faith.Every  contract  or duty within this act imposes an obligation of good   faith in its performance and enforcement.
NY UCC § 1-305 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-305 - Remedies to Be Liberally Administered.

Section 1--305. Remedies to be Liberally Administered.  (a)  The  remedies provided by this act must be liberally administered to the end that the aggrieved party may be put in as good a position  as if  the  other  party  had  fully performed but neither consequential or special damages nor penal damages may  be  had  except  as  specifically provided in this act or by other rule of law.  (b)  Any  right  or  obligation declared by this act is enforceable by action unless the provision  declaring  it  specifies  a  different  and limited effect.
NY UCC § 1-306 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-306 - Waiver or Renunciation of Claim or Right After Breach.

Section 1--306. Waiver or Renunciation of Claim or Right After Breach.A claim or right arising out of an alleged breach may be discharged in   whole  or  in  part  without consideration by agreement of the aggrieved   party in an authenticated record.
NY UCC § 1-307 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-307 - Prima Facie Evidence by Third-Party Documents.

Section 1--307. Prima Facie evidence by Third-party Documents.A  document  in  due form purporting to be a bill of lading, policy or   certificate of insurance, official weigher's or inspector's certificate,   consular invoice, or any other document authorized or  required  by  the   contract  to  be  issued by a third party is prima facie evidence of its   own authenticity and genuineness and of the facts stated in the document   by the third party.
NY UCC § 1-308 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-308 - Performance or Acceptance Under Reservation of Rights.

Section 1--308. Performance or Acceptance Under Reservation of Rights.A  party that with explicit reservation of rights performs or promises   performance or assents to performance in a manner demanded or offered by   the other party does not thereby prejudice  the  rights  reserved.  Such   words   as  "without  prejudice,"  "under  protest,"  or  the  like  are   sufficient.
NY UCC § 1-309 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-309 - Option to Accelerate at Will.

Section 1--309. Option to Accelerate at Will.A  term providing that one party or that party's successor in interest   may  accelerate  payment  or  performance  or  require   collateral   or   additional  collateral  "at  will"  or  when  the  party  "deems  itself   insecure," or words of similar import, means that the party has power to   do so only if that party in good faith believes  that  the  prospect  of   payment  or  performance is impaired. The burden of establishing lack of   good faith is on the party against which the power has been exercised.
NY UCC § 1-310 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 1 Part 3 - Territorial Applicability and General Rules 1-310 - Subordinated Obligations.

Section 1--310. Subordinated Obligations.An  obligation may be issued as subordinated to performance of another   obligation of the person obligated, or a creditor  may  subordinate  its   right  to  performance  of  an  obligation  by agreement with either the   person  obligated  or  another  creditor  of   the   person   obligated.   Subordination  does not create a security interest as against either the   common debtor or a subordinated creditor.
NY UCC § 2-101 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-101 - Short Title.

Section 2--101. Short Title.This  Article  shall  be  known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial   Code--Sales.
NY UCC § 2-102 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-102 - Scope; Certain Security and Other Transactions Excluded From This Article.

Section 2--102. Scope;  Certain Security and Other Transactions ExcludedFrom This Article.Unless  the  context  otherwise  requires,  this  Article  applies  to   transactions  in  goods;  it  does  not  apply  to any transaction which   although in the form of an unconditional contract  to  sell  or  present   sale is intended to operate only as a security transaction nor does this   Article  impair  or  repeal  any  statute regulating sales to consumers,   farmers or other specified classes of buyers.
NY UCC § 2-103 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-103 - Definitions and Index of Definitions.

Section 2--103. Definitions and Index of Definitions.  (1) In this Article unless the context otherwise requires       (a) "Buyer" means a person who buys or contracts to buy goods.       (b) "Good  faith" in the case of a merchant means honesty in fact            and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair            dealing in the trade.       (c) "Receipt" of goods means taking physical possession of them.       (d) "Seller" means a person who sells or contracts to sell goods.  (2) Other definitions applying to this Article or to  specified  Parts thereof, and the sections in which they appear are:   "Acceptance". Section 2--606.   "Banker's credit". Section 2--325.   "Between merchants". Section 2--104.   "Cancellation". Section 2--106 (4).   "Commercial unit". Section 2--105.   "Confirmed credit". Section 2--325.   "Conforming to contract". Section 2--106.   "Contract for sale". Section 2--106.   "Cover". Section 2--712.   "Entrusting". Section 2--403.   "Financing agency". Section 2--104.   "Future goods". Section 2--105.   "Goods". Section 2--105.   "Identification". Section 2--501.   "Installment contract". Section 2--612.   "Letter of Credit". Section 2--325.   "Lot". Section 2--105.   "Merchant". Section 2--104.   "Overseas". Section 2--323.   "Person in position of seller". Section 2--707.   "Present sale". Section 2--106.   "Sale". Section 2--106.   "Sale on approval". Section 2--326.   "Sale or return". Section 2--326.   "Termination". Section 2--106.  (3) The following definitions in other Articles apply to this Article:                 "Check".                 Section 3--104.                "Consignee".             Section 7--102.                "Consignor".             Section 7--102.                "Consumer goods".        Section 9--102.                "Control".               Section 7--106.                "Dishonor".              Section 3--507.                "Draft".                 Section 3--104.  (4)  In addition Article 1 contains general definitions and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this Article.
NY UCC § 2-104 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-104 - Definitions: "Merchant"; "Between Merchants"; "Financing Agency".

Section 2--104. Definitions: "Merchant"; "Between Merchants"; "Financing                   Agency".  (1)  "Merchant"  means  a  person  who  deals  in goods of the kind or otherwise by his occupation holds himself out  as  having  knowledge  or skill  peculiar to the practices or goods involved in the transaction or to whom such knowledge or skill may be attributed by his  employment  of an  agent  or  broker  or other intermediary who by his occupation holds himself out as having such knowledge or skill.  (2) "Financing agency" means a bank, finance company or  other  person who  in  the ordinary course of business makes advances against goods or documents of title or who by arrangement with either the seller  or  the buyer  intervenes  in  ordinary course to make or collect payment due or claimed under the contract for sale, as  by  purchasing  or  paying  the seller's  draft or making advances against it or by merely taking it for collection whether or  not  documents  of  title  accompany  the  draft. "Financing  agency"  includes  also a bank or other person who similarly intervenes between persons who are in the position of seller  and  buyer in respect to the goods (Section 2--707).  (3) "Between merchants" means in any transaction with respect to which both parties are chargeable with the knowledge or skill of merchants.
NY UCC § 2-105 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-105 - Definitions: Transferability; "Goods"; "Future" Goods; "Lot"; "Commercial Unit".

Section 2--105. Definitions:  Transferability;  "Goods"; "Future" Goods;                   "Lot"; "Commercial Unit".  (1) "Goods" means all things (including specially manufactured  goods) which are movable at the time of identification to the contract for sale other  than  the  money  in  which  the  price is to be paid, investment securities (Article 8) and things in action. "Goods" also  includes  the unborn  young  of  animals and growing crops and other identified things attached to realty as described in the section on goods  to  be  severed from realty (Section 2--107).  (2)  Goods must be both existing and identified before any interest in them can pass. Goods which are not  both  existing  and  identified  are "future"  goods.  A  purported  present  sale  of future goods or of any interest therein operates as a contract to sell.  (3) There may be a sale of a  part  interest  in  existing  identified goods.  (4)  An  undivided  share  in  an identified bulk of fungible goods is sufficiently identified to be sold although the quantity of the bulk  is not  determined.  Any  agreed  proportion of such a bulk or any quantity thereof agreed upon by number, weight or other measure may to the extent of the seller's interest in the bulk be  sold  to  the  buyer  who  then becomes an owner in common.  (5)  "Lot"  means  a  parcel  or a single article which is the subject matter of a separate sale or delivery, whether or not it  is  sufficient to perform the contract.  (6)  "Commercial  unit"  means  such  a unit of goods as by commercial usage is a single whole for purposes  of  sale  and  division  of  which materially  impairs  its  character  or value on the market or in use. A commercial unit may be a single article (as  a  machine)  or  a  set  of articles  (as  a  suite  of  furniture  or  an assortment of sizes) or a quantity (as a bale, gross, or carload) or any other unit treated in use or in the relevant market as a single whole.
NY UCC § 2-106 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-106 - Definitions. "Contract", "Agreement"; "Contract for Sale"; "Sale"; "Present Sale"; "Conforming" to Contract; "Termination"; "Cancellation".

Section 2--106. Definitions.   "Contract";  "Agreement";  "Contract  for                   Sale";  "Sale";  "Present   Sale";   "Conforming"   to                   Contract; "Termination"; "Cancellation".  (1)  In  this Article unless the context otherwise requires "contract" and "agreement" are limited to those relating to the present  or  future sale of goods. "Contract for sale" includes both a present sale of goods and  a contract to sell goods at a future time. A "sale" consists in the passing of title from the seller to  the  buyer  for  a  price  (Section 2--401).  A  "present  sale"  means  a sale which is accomplished by the making of the contract.  (2)  Goods  or  conduct  including  any  part  of  a  performance  are "conforming" or conform to the contract when they are in accordance with the obligations under the contract.  (3) "Termination" occurs when either party pursuant to a power created by  agreement  or law puts an end to the contract otherwise than for its breach. On "termination" all obligations which are  still  executory  on both  sides  are  discharged  but  any  right  based  on prior breach or performance survives.  (4) "Cancellation" occurs  when  either  party  puts  an  end  to  the contract  for  breach by the other and its effect is the same as that of "termination" except that the cancelling party also retains  any  remedy for breach of the whole contract or any unperformed balance.
NY UCC § 2-107 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 1 - Short Title, General Construction and Subject Matter 2-107 - Goods to Be Severed From Realty: Recording.

Section 2--107. Goods to Be Severed From Realty: Recording.  (1) A contract for the sale of minerals or the like (including oil and gas)  or  a  structure  or  its materials to be removed from realty is a contract for the sale of goods within this Article if  they  are  to  be severed  by  the  seller  but  until  severance a purported present sale thereof which is not effective as a transfer of an interest in  land  is effective only as a contract to sell.  (2)  A  contract  for the sale apart from the land of growing crops or other things  attached  to  realty  and  capable  of  severance  without material  harm  thereto but not described in subsection (1) or of timber to be cut is a contract for  the  sale  of  goods  within  this  Article whether  the  subject  matter  is  to  be severed by the buyer or by the seller even  though  it  forms  part  of  the  realty  at  the  time  of contracting, and the parties can by identification effect a present sale before severance.  (3)  The  provisions  of  this  section are subject to any third party rights provided by the law relating to realty records, and the  contract for  sale  may  be  executed  and recorded as a document transferring an interest in land and shall then constitute notice to  third  parties  of the buyer's rights under the contract for sale.
NY UCC § 2-201 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 2 - Sales Part 2 - Form, Formation and Readjustment of Contract 2-201 - Formal Requirements; Statute of Frauds.

Section 2--201. Formal Requirements; Statute of Frauds.  (1)  Except  as  otherwise provided in this section a contract for the sale of goods for the price of $500 or more is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless there is some writing  sufficient  to  indicate that a contract for sale has been made between the parties and signed by the  party against whom enforcement is sought or by his authorized agent or broker. A writing is not insufficient because it omits or incorrectly states a term agreed upon but the contract is not enforceable under this paragraph beyond the quantity of goods shown in such writing.  (2) Between merchants  if  within  a  reasonable  time  a  writing  in confirmation  of  the  contract  and  sufficient  against  the sender is received and the party receiving it has reason to know its contents,  it satisfies  the  requirements of subsection (1) against such party unless written notice of objection to its contents is  given  within  ten  days after it is received.  (3)  A  contract which does not satisfy the requirements of subsection (1) but which is valid in other respects is enforceable       (a) if the goods are to be specially manufactured for  the  buyer            and  are  not  suitable  for  sale  to others in the ordinary            course of the seller's business and the seller, before notice            of repudiation is  received  and  under  circumstances  which            reasonably  indicate  that  the  goods are for the buyer, has            made either a substantial beginning of their  manufacture  or            commitments for their procurement; or       (b) if the party against whom enforcement is sought admits in his            pleading, testimony or otherwise in court that a contract for            sale was made, but the contract is not enforceable under this            provision beyond the quantity of goods admitted; or       (c) with  respect  to  goods  for which payment has been made and            accepted or which have been received  and  accepted  (Section            2--606).  (4) Subsection one does not apply to a qualified financial contract as that  term is defined in paragraph two of subdivision b of section 5-701 of the general obligations law if either (a) there is,  as  provided  in paragraph  three  of  subdivision  b  of  section  5-701  of  such  law, sufficient evidence to indicate that a contract has been made or (b) the parties thereto, by means of a prior  or  subsequent  written  contract, have  agreed  to  be  bound  by  the  terms  of such qualified financial contract from the time they reach agreement (by telephone,  by  exchange or electronic messages, or otherwise) on those terms.