reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 45a-209 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802 - Fiduciaries|Section 45a-209 - Investments in securities of open-end or closed-end management investment companies or investment trusts.

 (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in addition to investments otherwise permitted, any trustee or fiduciary, including a banking institution acting as a trustee or fiduciary, may, in the exercise of its investment discretion or at the direction of another person authorized to direct investments of funds held by the trustee or fiduciary, invest and reinvest in the securities of an open-end or closed-end management investment company or investment trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as from time to time amended, provided (1) such investment is not prohibited by the governing instrument, (2) the portfolio of the investment company or investment trust consists of investments not prohibited by the governing instrument and (3) nothing in this section shall affect the duty of prudence that is required of fiduciaries under the law of this state. For the purposes of this section, “banking institution” includes any state or federally chartered bank, savings bank or savings and loan association authorized to exercise trust powers and do business in this state.(b) The fact that the trustee or fiduciary, or an affiliate of the trustee or fiduciary, provides services to the investment company or investment trust, including services as an investment advisor, custodian, transfer agent, registrar, sponsor, distributor, manager or otherwise, and is receiving compensation for such services, shall not preclude the trustee or fiduciary from investing or reinvesting in the securities of the investment company or investment trust, provided disclosure of the provision of such services and compensation is made annually to each current income beneficiary by mailing separate notices, which shall include prospectus, statement or letter, to the current income beneficiary's last-known address.(P.A. 92-199; P.A. 93-399, S. 1, 2; P.A. 94-96, S. 2, 3; May 25 Sp. Sess. P.A. 94-1, S. 62, 130.)History: P.A. 93-399 amended Subsec. (b) by deleting the former procedure re notification and disclosure and substituting a new annual notification and disclosure of services and compensation requirement for each current income beneficiary, effective June 30, 1993; P.A. 94-96 and May 25 Sp. Sess. P.A. 94-1 made identical technical change in Subsec. (b), effective May 23, 1994.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-236. (Formerly Sec. 45-100g) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802 - Fiduciaries|Section 45a-236. (Formerly Sec. 45-100g) - Short title: Fiduciary Powers Act.

 Sections 45a-233 to 45a-236, inclusive, shall be known as the “Fiduciary Powers Act”. Any unqualified reference thereto by name or words of similar import shall be deemed to include all the powers listed in section 45a-234, at the time of signing the will or trust instrument, but none of the additional powers listed in section 45a-235.(1969, P.A. 827, S. 4; P.A. 80-476, S. 207.)History: P.A. 80-476 made no change; Sec. 45-100g transferred to Sec. 45a-236 in 1991.Annotation to former section 45-100g:Cited. 178 C. 42.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-243. (Formerly Sec. 45-264) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802 - Fiduciaries|Section 45a-243. (Formerly Sec. 45-264) - Appeal from removal of fiduciary. Effect on successor fiduciary.

 (a) When any fiduciary has been removed by a court of probate, as provided in section 45a-242, the fiduciary may appeal from such order of removal in the manner provided in sections 45a-186 to 45a-193, inclusive. In the event of an appeal from the order of removal taken by the fiduciary who has been removed, the appointment of a successor shall not be stayed by the appeal but shall be a temporary appointment. Such successor fiduciary shall act during the pendency of the appeal and until the appeal is withdrawn or final judgment entered thereon.(b) If the order of removal is sustained upon appeal, such appointment shall become permanent.(c) If the order of removal is vacated upon appeal, such appointment may be terminated, subject to the obligation of such successor fiduciary to render a final account, and the acts of the successor fiduciary for the period of the pendency of the appeal shall be of full effect.(1955, S. 2942d; P.A. 80-476, S. 193; P.A. 04-142, S. 9.)History: P.A. 80-476 divided section into Subsecs., referred to fiduciaries rather than to executors and administrators and made minor changes in wording; Sec. 45-264 transferred to Sec. 45a-243 in 1991; P.A. 04-142 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting “for cause”, effective July 1, 2004, and applicable to any motion, application or complaint filed on or after that date.See Sec. 45a-199 for definition of “fiduciary”.Annotations to former section 45-264:Cited. 175 C. 200. Removed fiduciaries need not allege or prove aggrievement in order to appeal; legislature in enacting statute exercised its powers to establish aggrievement “specially”. 195 C. 123.Cited. 22 CA 490.Cited. 20 CS 262.Annotation to present section:Interpretation of “for cause” is a reason that is related to one's fitness or ability to perform its duties; fiduciary removed for reasons related to its fitness or ability to perform has right of appeal to clear its name from scurrilous or ignominious allegations. 267 C. 229.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-244. (Formerly Sec. 45-265) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802 - Fiduciaries|Section 45a-244. (Formerly Sec. 45-265) - Enforcement of delivery of estate to successor.

 Any court of probate, after the removal of any fiduciary and the appointment of a successor fiduciary, may enforce the delivery to the successor fiduciary of any estate held by the former fiduciary by virtue of his original appointment in the same manner as a court of equity might do.(1949 Rev., S. 7042; P.A. 80-476, S. 195.)History: P.A. 80-476 rephrased provisions but made no substantive changes; Sec. 45-265 transferred to Sec. 45a-244 in 1991.See Sec. 45a-199 for definition of “fiduciary”.Annotations to former section 45-265:Cited. 70 C. 375; 73 C. 436; 77 C. 70; 80 C. 466. Failure to obey order to deliver assets to successor is breach of bond. 120 C. 181. Cited. 147 C. 482.Cited. 6 CA 530.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-245 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802 - Fiduciaries|Section 45a-245 - Removal of fiduciary. Closure for dormancy.

 In any case involving a conservatorship, guardianship of the estate or testamentary trust in which it appears to the court that the fiduciary has neglected or refused to complete such matter, and the appointment of a successor fiduciary would serve no useful purpose, the court may hold a hearing, after giving public notice thereof and such other notice as the court deems reasonable. Thereafter, on its own motion, the court may order and decree the matter closed for dormancy and the bond released without adjudication, provided the bond shall be released for future acts and not for any acts or misdeeds occurring prior to the closing of the matter. The matter shall be reopened only by further order of the court.(P.A. 96-43.)
CT Gen Stat § 45a-245a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802 - Fiduciaries|Section 45a-245a - Successor fiduciary substituted for corporate fiduciary.

 (a) As used in this section, “corporate fiduciary” means a bank, out-of-state bank, trust company, or any other corporate entity that is authorized to act as a fiduciary in this state, and “successor fiduciary” means a corporate fiduciary that is substituted for another corporate fiduciary under the provisions of this section by reason of the merger or consolidation of corporate fiduciaries, the acquisition of the stock or assets of a corporate fiduciary, or the transfer by a corporate fiduciary of all or a portion of its trust and fiduciary business to another corporate fiduciary.(b) A successor fiduciary shall be substituted as a fiduciary for its predecessor corporate fiduciary following (1) the adoption of corporate resolutions by the successor fiduciary and the predecessor corporate fiduciary providing for the substitution and the effective date of the substitution and (2) the expiration of the notice period provided in subsection (c) of this section. A successor fiduciary shall have all of the rights, powers, duties and obligations of the predecessor corporate fiduciary and shall be deemed to be named, nominated or appointed as fiduciary in any will, trust, court order or similar written document or instrument that names, nominates or appoints the predecessor corporate fiduciary as fiduciary, whether executed before or after the successor fiduciary is substituted; provided, the successor fiduciary shall have no obligations or liabilities under this subsection for any acts, actions, inactions or events occurring prior to the effective date of the substitution.(c) When a successor fiduciary is substituted under this section, the predecessor corporate fiduciary shall publish notice once each week for three successive weeks in the form of a legal advertisement in a newspaper having a substantial circulation in the area in which the principal place of business of the predecessor corporate fiduciary is located. The notice shall include (1) the name of the predecessor corporate fiduciary, (2) the name of the successor fiduciary, and (3) the effective date of substitution of the successor fiduciary, which date may not be earlier than thirty days following the initial publication date. A copy of such notice shall be mailed by the predecessor corporate fiduciary to each person to whom the predecessor corporate fiduciary provides periodic reports of fiduciary activity.(P.A. 97-306, S. 1, 2.)History: P.A. 97-306 effective July 8, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-250. (Formerly Sec. 45-160) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-250. (Formerly Sec. 45-160) - Who may make a will.

 Any person eighteen years of age or older, and of sound mind, may dispose of his estate by will.(1949 Rev., S. 6950; P.A. 80-476, S. 231; P.A. 88-107, S. 3.)History: P.A. 80-476 deleted provision stating that every devise purporting to convey all real estate of testator shall be construed to convey all real estate belonging to him at time of death “unless if clearly appears by his will that he intended otherwise”; P.A. 88-107 substituted reference to persons “eighteen years of age or older” for reference to persons “of the age of eighteen”; Sec. 45-160 transferred to Sec. 45a-250 in 1991.See Sec. 45a-596 re right to appoint guardians by will.Annotations to former section 45-160:Prior to 1805, married woman could not devise real estate. 2 D. 163. Evidence as to soundness of mind; 4 C. 208; 9 C. 102; 27 C. 197; 68 C. 551; 71 C. 392; 74 C. 257; 78 C. 410; Id., 429; 96 C. 575; 104 C. 419; physical weakness; 72 C. 320; 94 C. 560; 104 C. 419; declarations and acts of testator; 29 C. 403; 47 C. 450; 74 C. 257; 85 C. 459; 88 C. 93; 91 C. 388; opinion evidence; 72 C. 305; 104 C. 419. Presumption of sanity. 71 C. 392; 77 C. 288; 99 C. 423. Burden of proof. 8 C. 254; 26 C. 22; 80 C. 521; 88 C. 666. Testamentary capacity defined 8 C. 264; 9 C. 102; 27 C. 303; 34 C. 448; 68 C. 435; 71 C. 393; 72 C. 316; 78 C. 410; Id., 429; 88 C. 93; 94 C. 560. Capacity is determined as of time will is made. 9 C. 105; 78 C. 429. Insane delusion. 68 C. 428. Undue influence; presumptions and burden of proof; relationship of parties. 72 C. 319; 73 C. 467; 77 C. 625; 80 C. 446; Id., 513; 85 C. 459; 87 C. 579; 88 C. 136; Id., 214; Id., 394; Id., 655; 91 C. 40; Id., 388; 93 C. 543; Id., 632; 108 C. 580. Evidence admissible. 68 C. 551; 88 C. 394; Id., 655; 91 C. 388. To prevent devise of real estate from carrying all testator owned, intent to contrary must clearly appear. 86 C. 94. State where land lies determines as to its transfer by will. 178 U.S. 186. Amount of proof required; proof otherwise than by subscribing witnesses. 93 C. 55, 56. Devise of “interest in all undivided real estate” construed to include half interest acquired by testator under will of brother dying a few days before him. 113 C. 271. Test of testamentary capacity. 131 C. 219. Cited. 143 C. 498. Burden of proof on issue of undue influence rests on one alleging it except when it appears that a stranger, holding toward a testator a relationship of trust and confidence, is a principal beneficiary under the will and that the natural objects of the testator's bounty are excluded, but such exception does not apply if the testator's child is such principal beneficiary. 147 C. 477. Meaning of “undue influence” as applied to will contests. Id., 566. Statements of testator, made after execution of will, admissible as evidence on issues of testamentary capacity and undue influence. 150 C. 651. Cited. 154 C. 644, 648; 156 C. 580. Burden of proof. 172 C. 529. Cited. 174 C. 193.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-257a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-257a - Failure of testator to provide for surviving spouse who married testator after execution of will. Determination of share of estate.

 (a) If a testator fails to provide by will for the testator's surviving spouse who married the testator after the execution of the will, the surviving spouse shall receive the same share of the estate the surviving spouse would have received if the decedent left no will unless: (1) It appears from the will that the omission was intentional; or (2) the testator provided for the spouse by transfer outside the will and the intent that the transfer be in lieu of a testamentary provision is shown by the testator's statements, or is reasonably inferred from the amount of the transfer or other evidence.(b) In satisfying a share provided in subsection (a) of this section, devises and legacies made by the will abate in accordance with section 45a-426.(c) A surviving spouse receiving a share under this section may not elect to take a statutory share under section 45a-436.(P.A. 96-95, S. 1; 96-202, S. 12; P.A. 98-52, S. 10.)History: P.A. 96-202 changed effective date of P.A. 96-95 from October 1, 1996, to January 1, 1997; P.A. 98-52 added Subsec. (c) prohibiting surviving spouse from electing to take statutory share if receiving a share under this section.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-257c (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-257c - Marriage of testator terminated after execution of will. Provisions of will re former spouse revoked.

 If, after executing a will, the testator's marriage is terminated by dissolution, divorce or annulment, the dissolution, divorce or annulment shall revoke any disposition or appointment of property made by the will to the former spouse, any provision conferring a general or special power of appointment on the former spouse, and any nomination of the former spouse as executor, trustee, conservator, guardian or other fiduciary, unless the will expressly provides otherwise. Property prevented from passing to a former spouse due to revocation by dissolution, divorce or annulment shall pass as if the former spouse failed to survive the testator, and other provisions conferring power or office on the former spouse shall be interpreted as if the spouse failed to survive the testator. If provisions of the will of the testator are revoked solely by this section, such provisions shall be revived by the testator's remarriage to the former spouse. A decree of separation which does not terminate the status of husband and wife is not a dissolution or divorce for the purposes of this section.(P.A. 96-95, S. 3; 96-202, S. 12.)History: P.A. 96-202 changed effective date of P.A. 96-95 from October 1, 1996, to January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-257d (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-257d - Effect of provisions re revocation of will to be construed by probate courts.

 Courts of probate may construe the effect of the provisions of sections 45a-257 to 45a-257c, inclusive, with respect to wills admitted in their respective districts.(P.A. 96-95, S. 5; 96-202, S. 12.)History: P.A. 96-202 changed effective date of P.A. 96-95 from October 1, 1996, to January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-257e (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-257e - Revocation of will executed on or after October 1, 1967, and prior to January 1, 1997.

 Any will executed on or after October 1, 1967, and prior to January 1, 1997, shall be governed by the provisions of section 45a-257 of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 1995, concerning the revocation of a will by marriage, divorce, annulment, dissolution or birth or adoption of a minor child.(P.A. 96-202, S. 11; P.A. 98-52, S. 11.)History: P.A. 98-52 rephrased section to include revocation of a will by marriage, or by the birth or adoption of a minor child.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-257f (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-257f - Revocation of will executed on or after January 1, 1997.

 The provisions of sections 45a-257a to 45a-257c, inclusive, shall be effective only as to wills executed on or after January 1, 1997.(P.A. 96-202, S. 10.)
CT Gen Stat § 45a-258. (Formerly Sec. 45-172) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-258. (Formerly Sec. 45-172) - Devise or bequest to subscribing witness.

 Every devise or bequest given in any will or codicil to a subscribing witness, or to the husband or wife of such subscribing witness, shall be void unless such will or codicil is legally attested without the signature of such witness, or unless such devisee or legatee is an heir to the testator. The competency of such witness shall not be affected by any such devise or bequest. The interest of any witness in any community, church, society, association or corporation, beneficially interested in any devise or bequest, shall not affect such devise or bequest or the competency of such witness.(1949 Rev., S. 6952; P.A. 80-476, S. 234.)History: P.A. 80-476 made minor change in wording; Sec. 45-172 transferred to Sec. 45a-258 in 1991.Annotations to former section 45-172:At common law, legatee could not be witness. 2 R. 313. Inhabitant of school district legatee competent witness. 1 D. 35. At common law, increase of fund in which witness is interested renders him incompetent. 6 C. 108. Unnecessary that devise to heir should be the same as he would have inherited if no will were made. 23 C. 8. Witness must be competent at time of attestation. 26 C. 199. Cited. 57 C. 282; 98 C. 334. Doctrine of dependent relative revocation applied. 140 C. 311. Cited. 156 C. 580.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-259. (Formerly Sec. 45-173) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-259. (Formerly Sec. 45-173) - Reference to document creating trust.

 The reference in a will or codicil to a trust document by which a devise or bequest is made to such trust shall not thereby cause such trust or such part of the assets thereof distributed to it by such devise or bequest to be subject to the jurisdiction of the probate court in which such will or codicil is admitted to probate.(1953, S. 2929d; 1957, P.A. 575; 1959, P.A. 421; 1961, P.A. 470, S. 5; 1963, P.A. 642, S. 41.)History: 1959 act deleted requirement that trust document be executed and acknowledged by testator, spouse, parent or child and witnessed by at least two persons, deleted requirement that substitute trustees be corporate trustees authorized to act as such within state and deleted provisions governing incorporation of trust provisions in will and administration of bequest or devise as a testamentary trust; 1961 act deleted detailed provisions specifying validity or invalidity of devise or bequest in will, retaining only provision which stated that reference to trust document in a will or codicil does not make trust subject to jurisdiction of probate court; 1963 act made technical correction, deleting repetition of words “by such trust or such part of the assets thereof distributed to it”; Sec. 45-173 transferred to Sec. 45a-259 in 1991.Annotation to former section 45-173:Retroactive effect, limited. 162 C. 130.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-261. (Formerly Sec. 45-160a) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-261. (Formerly Sec. 45-160a) - Effect of devise of all real property.

 Every devise purporting to convey all the real property of the testator shall be construed to convey all the real property belonging to him at the time of his decease, unless it clearly appears by his will that he intended otherwise.(P.A. 80-476, S. 235.)History: Sec. 45-160a transferred to Sec. 45a-261 in 1991.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-262. (Formerly Sec. 45-161a) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-262. (Formerly Sec. 45-161a) - Words of inheritance apply to child born through A.I.D. and child of decedent conceived and born after death of decedent.

 (a) The words “child”, “children”, “issue”, “descendants”, “descendant”, “heirs”, “heir”, “unlawful heirs”, “grandchild” and “grandchildren”, when used in the singular or plural in any will or trust instrument, shall, unless such document clearly indicates a contrary intention, be deemed to include children born as a result of A.I.D. The provisions of this subsection shall apply to wills and trust instruments whether or not executed before, on or after October 1, 1975, unless the instrument indicates an intent to the contrary.(b) The words “child”, “children”, “issue”, “descendants”, “descendant”, “heirs”, “heir”, “unlawful heirs”, “grandchild” and “grandchildren”, when used in the singular or plural in any will or trust instrument, shall, unless such document clearly indicates a contrary intention, be deemed to include children born after the death of the decedent, as provided in subsection (a) of section 45a-785. The provisions of this subsection shall apply to wills and trust instruments whether or not executed before, on or after October 1, 2013, unless the instrument indicates an intent to the contrary.(P.A. 80-476, S. 236; P.A. 13-301, S. 2.)History: Sec. 45-161a transferred to Sec. 45a-262 in 1991; P.A. 13-301 designated existing provisions as Subsec. (a) and made a conforming change therein, and added Subsec. (b) re application of words of inheritance to child of decedent conceived and born after death of decedent.See Sec. 45a-778 re application of words of inheritance to child conceived through A.I.D.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-263. (Formerly Sec. 45-162a) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802a - Wills: Execution and Construction|Section 45a-263. (Formerly Sec. 45-162a) - “Majority” defined for wills executed prior to October 1, 1972.

 When the word “majority” is used in a will executed prior to October 1, 1972, it shall be construed to mean a person who has attained the age of twenty-one.(1972, P.A. 127, S. 73.)History: Sec. 45-162a transferred to Sec. 45a-263 in 1991.