reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
9 V.S.A. § 9-303
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-303. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title

§ 9-303. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title|(a) This section applies to goods covered by a certificate of title, even if there is no other relationship between the jurisdiction under whose certificate of title the goods are covered and the goods or the debtor.(b) Goods become covered by a certificate of title when a valid application for the certificate of title and the applicable fee are delivered to the appropriate authority. Goods cease to be covered by a certificate of title at the earlier of the time the certificate of title ceases to be effective under the law of the issuing jurisdiction or the time the goods become covered subsequently by a certificate of title issued by another jurisdiction.(c) The local law of the jurisdiction under whose certificate of title the goods are covered governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in goods covered by a certificate of title from the time the goods become covered by the certificate of title until the goods cease to be covered by the certificate of title. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-304
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-304. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts

§ 9-304. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts|(a) The local law of a bank's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a deposit account maintained with that bank.(b) The following rules determine a bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part:  (1) If an agreement between the bank and the debtor governing the deposit account expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this article, or this title, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction. (2) If subdivision (1) of this subsection does not apply and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the agreement is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction. (3) If neither subdivision (1) nor subdivision (2) of this subsection applies and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the deposit account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction. (4) If none of the preceding subdivisions applies, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the office identified in an account statement as the office serving the customer's account is located. (5) If none of the preceding subdivisions applies, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the chief executive office of the bank is located. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-306
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-306. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights

§ 9-306. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights|(a) Subject to subsection (c) of this section, the local law of the issuer's jurisdiction or a nominated person's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a letter-of-credit right if the issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is a state.(b) For purposes of this part, an issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction whose law governs the liability of the issuer or nominated person with respect to the letter-of-credit right as provided in section 5- 116 of this title.(c) This section does not apply to a security interest that is perfected only under subsection 9- 308(d) of this title. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-308
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-308. When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; continuity of perfection

§ 9-308. When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; continuity of perfection|(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section and section 9- 309 of this title, a security interest is perfected if it has attached and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in sections 9- 310 through 9- 316 of this title have been satisfied. A security interest is perfected when it attaches if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the security interest attaches.(b) An agricultural lien is perfected if it has become effective and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in section 9- 310 of this title have been satisfied. An agricultural lien is perfected when it becomes effective if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the agricultural lien becomes effective.(c) A security interest or agricultural lien is perfected continuously if it is originally perfected by one method under this article and is later perfected by another method under this article, without an intermediate period when it was unperfected.(d) Perfection of a security interest in collateral also perfects a security interest in a supporting obligation for the collateral.(e) Perfection of a security interest in a right to payment or performance also perfects a security interest in a security interest, mortgage, or other lien on personal or real property securing the right.(f) Perfection of a security interest in a securities account also perfects a security interest in the security entitlements carried in the securities account.(g) Perfection of a security interest in a commodity account also perfects a security interest in the commodity contracts carried in the commodity account. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-309
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-309. Security interest perfected upon attachment

§ 9-309. Security interest perfected upon attachment|The following security interests are perfected when they attach:  (1) a purchase-money security interest in consumer goods, except as otherwise provided in subsection 9- 311(b) of this title with respect to consumer goods that are subject to a statute or treaty described in subsection 9- 311(a) of this title; (2) an assignment of accounts or payment intangibles which does not by itself or in conjunction with other assignments to the same assignee transfer a significant part of the assignor's outstanding accounts or payment intangibles; (3) a sale of a payment intangible; (4) a sale of a promissory note; (5) a security interest created by the assignment of a health care-insurance receivable to the provider of the health care goods or services; (6) a security interest arising under section 2- 401, or 2- 505 of this title, or subsection 2- 711(3), or 2A- 508(5) of this title, until the debtor obtains possession of the collateral; (7) a security interest of a collecting bank arising under section 4- 210 of this title; (8) a security interest of an issuer or nominated person arising under section 5- 118 of this title; (9) a security interest arising in the delivery of a financial asset under subsection 9- 206(c) of this title; (10) a security interest in investment property created by a broker or securities intermediary; (11) a security interest in a commodity contract or a commodity account created by a commodity intermediary; (12) an assignment for the benefit of all creditors of the transferor and subsequent transfers by the assignee thereunder; and (13) a security interest created by an assignment of a beneficial interest in a decedent's estate. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-310
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-310. When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply

§ 9-310. When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply|(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section and subsection 9- 312(b) of this title, a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens.(b) The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest:  (1) that is perfected under subsection 9- 308(d), (e), (f), or (g) of this title; (2) that is perfected under section 9- 309 of this title when it attaches; (3) in property subject to a statute, regulation, or treaty described in subsection 9- 311(a) of this title; (4) in goods in possession of a bailee which is perfected under subdivision 9- 312(d)(1) or (2) of this title; (5) in certificated securities, documents, goods, or instruments which is perfected without filing, control, or possession under subsection 9- 312(e), (f), or (g) of this title; (6) in collateral in the secured party's possession under section 9- 313 of this title; (7) in a certificated security which is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured party under section 9- 313 of this title; (8) in deposit accounts, electronic chattel paper, electronic documents, investment property, or letter-of-credit rights which is perfected by control under section 9- 314 of this title; (9) in proceeds which is perfected under section 9- 315 of this title; or (10) that is perfected under section 9- 316 of this title.   (c) If a secured party assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural lien, a filing under this article is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against creditors of and transferees from the original debtor. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001; amended 2015, No. 51, § B.9, eff. June 3, 2015.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-311
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-311. Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes, regulations, and treaties

§ 9-311. Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes, regulations, and treaties|(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, the filing of a financing statement is not necessary or effective to perfect a security interest in property subject to:  (1) a statute, regulation, or treaty of the United States whose requirements for a security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the property preempt subsection 9- 310(a) of this title; (2) the following statutes of this State: 23 V.S.A. chapters 21 and 36; or (3) a statute of another jurisdiction which provides for a security interest to be indicated on a certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the property.   (b) Compliance with the requirements of a statute, regulation, or treaty described in subsection (a) of this section for obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor is equivalent to the filing of a financing statement under this article. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section and section 9- 313 and subsections 9- 316(d) and (e) of this title for goods covered by a certificate of title, a security interest in property subject to a statute, regulation, or treaty described in subsection (a) of this section may be perfected only by compliance with those requirements, and a security interest so perfected remains perfected notwithstanding a change in the use or transfer of possession of the collateral.(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section and subsections 9- 316(d) and (e) of this title, duration and renewal of perfection of a security interest perfected by compliance with the requirements prescribed by a statute, regulation, or treaty described in subsection (a) of this section are governed by the statute, regulation, or treaty. In other respects, the security interest is subject to this article.(d) During any period in which collateral subject to a statute specified in subdivision (a)(2) of this section is inventory held for sale or lease by a person or leased by that person as lessor and that person is in the business of selling goods of that kind, this section does not apply to a security interest in that collateral created by that person. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001; amended 2001, No. 46, § 2; 2005, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. April 26, 2006; 2013, No. 157 (Adj. Sess.), § 1.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-314
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-314. Perfection by control

§ 9-314. Perfection by control|(a) A security interest in investment property, deposit accounts, letter-of-credit rights, electronic chattel paper, or electronic documents may be perfected by control of the collateral under section 7- 106, 9- 104, 9- 105, 9- 106, or 9- 107 of this title.(b) A security interest in deposit accounts, electronic chattel paper, letter-of-credit rights, or electronic documents is perfected by control under section 7- 106, 9- 104, 9- 105, or 9- 107 of this title when the secured party obtains control and remains perfected by control only while the secured party retains control.(c) A security interest in investment property is perfected by control under section 9- 106 of this title from the time the secured party obtains control and remains perfected by control until:  (1) the secured party does not have control; and (2) one of the following occurs:  (A) if the collateral is a certificated security, the debtor has or acquires possession of the security certificate; (B) if the collateral is an uncertificated security, the issuer has registered or registers the debtor as the registered owner; or (C) if the collateral is a security entitlement, the debtor is or becomes the entitlement holder. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001; amended 2015, No. 51, § B.9, eff. June 3, 2015.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-315
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-315. Secured party's rights on disposition of collateral and in proceeds

§ 9-315. Secured party's rights on disposition of collateral and in proceeds|(a) Except as otherwise provided in this article and in subsection 2- 403(2) of this title:  (1) a security interest or agricultural lien continues in collateral notwithstanding sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition thereof unless the secured party authorized the disposition free of the security interest or agricultural lien; and (2) a security interest attaches to any identifiable proceeds of collateral.   (b) Proceeds that are commingled with other property are identifiable proceeds:  (1) if the proceeds are goods, to the extent provided by section 9- 336 of this title; and (2) if the proceeds are not goods, to the extent that the secured party identifies the proceeds by a method of tracing, including application of equitable principles, that is permitted under law other than this article with respect to commingled property of the type involved.   (c) A security interest in proceeds is a perfected security interest if the security interest in the original collateral was perfected.(d) A perfected security interest in proceeds becomes unperfected on the 21st day after the security interest attaches to the proceeds unless:  (1) the following conditions are satisfied:  (A) a filed financing statement covers the original collateral; (B) the proceeds are collateral in which a security interest may be perfected by filing in the office in which the financing statement has been filed; and (C) the proceeds are not acquired with cash proceeds;  (2) the proceeds are identifiable cash proceeds; or (3) the security interest in the proceeds is perfected other than under subsection (c) of this section when the security interest attaches to the proceeds or within 20 days thereafter.   (e) If a filed financing statement covers the original collateral, a security interest in proceeds which remains perfected under subdivision (d)(1) of this section becomes unperfected at the later of:  (1) when the effectiveness of the filed financing statement lapses under section 9- 515 of this title or is terminated under section 9- 513 of this title; or (2) the 21st day after the security interest attaches to the proceeds. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-317
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-317. Interests that take priority over or take free of security interest or agricultural lien

§ 9-317. Interests that take priority over or take free of security interest or agricultural lien|(a) A security interest or agricultural lien is subordinate to the rights of:  (1) a person entitled to priority under section 9- 322 of this title; and (2) except as otherwise provided in subsection (e) of this section, a person that becomes a lien creditor before the earlier of the time:  (A) the security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; or (B) one of the conditions specified in subdivision 9- 203(b)(3) of this title is met and a financing statement covering the collateral is filed.  (2) a person that becomes a lien creditor before the earlier of the time the security interest or agricultural lien is perfected or a financing statement covering the collateral is filed.   (b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e) of this section, a buyer, other than a secured party, of tangible chattel paper, tangible documents, goods, instruments, or a certificated security takes free of a security interest or agricultural lien if the buyer gives value and receives delivery of the collateral without knowledge of the security interest or agricultural lien and before it is perfected.(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e) of this section, a lessee of goods takes free of a security interest or agricultural lien if the lessee gives value and receives delivery of the collateral without knowledge of the security interest or agricultural lien and before it is perfected.(d) A licensee of a general intangible or a buyer, other than a secured party, of accounts, electronic chattel paper, electronic documents, general intangibles, or investment property other than a certificated security takes free of a security interest if the licensee or buyer gives value without knowledge of the security interest and before it is perfected.(e) Except as otherwise provided in sections 9- 320 and 9- 321 of this title, if a person files a financing statement with respect to a purchase-money security interest before or within 20 days after the debtor receives delivery of the collateral, the security interest takes priority over the rights of a buyer, lessee, or lien creditor which arise between the time the security interest attaches and the time of filing. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001; amended 2001, No. 46, § 3; 2013, No. 157 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; 2015, No. 51, § B.9, eff. June 3, 2015.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-318
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-318. No interest retained in right to payment that is sold; rights and title of seller of account or chattel paper with respect to creditors and purchasers

§ 9-318. No interest retained in right to payment that is sold; rights and title of seller of account or chattel paper with respect to creditors and purchasers|(a) A debtor that has sold an account, chattel paper, payment intangible, or promissory note does not retain a legal or equitable interest in the collateral sold.(b) For purposes of determining the rights of creditors of, and purchasers for value of an account or chattel paper from, a debtor that has sold an account or chattel paper, while the buyer's security interest is unperfected, the debtor is deemed to have rights and title to the account or chattel paper identical to those the debtor sold. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-319
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-319. Rights and title of consignee with respect to creditors and purchasers

§ 9-319. Rights and title of consignee with respect to creditors and purchasers|(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, for purposes of determining the rights of creditors of, and purchasers for value of goods from, a consignee, while the goods are in the possession of the consignee, the consignee has rights and title to the goods identical to those the consignor had or had power to transfer.(b) For purposes of determining the rights of a creditor of a consignee, law other than this article determines the rights and title of a consignee while goods are in the consignee's possession if, under this part, a perfected security interest held by the consignor would have priority over the rights of the creditor. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)
9 V.S.A. § 9-320
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 9A - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|§ 9-320. Buyer of goods

§ 9-320. Buyer of goods|(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e) of this section, a buyer in ordinary course of business, other than a person buying farm products from a person engaged in farming operations, takes free of a security interest created by the buyer's seller, even if the security interest is perfected and the buyer knows of its existence.(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e) of this section, a buyer of goods from a person who used or bought the goods for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes takes free of a security interest, even if perfected, if the buyer buys:  (1) without knowledge of the security interest; (2) for value; (3) primarily for the buyer's personal, family, or household purposes; and (4) before the filing of a financing statement covering the goods.   (c) To the extent that it affects the priority of a security interest over a buyer of goods under subsection (b) of this section, the period of effectiveness of a filing made in the jurisdiction in which the seller is located is governed by subsections 9- 316(a) and (b) of this title.(d) A buyer in ordinary course of business buying oil, gas, or other minerals at the wellhead or minehead or after extraction takes free of an interest arising out of an encumbrance.(e) Subsections (a) and (b) of this section do not affect a security interest in goods in the possession of the secured party under section 9- 313 of this title. (Added 1999, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. July 1, 2001.)