CO Code § 4-4-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|§ 4-4-101. Short Title

 This article may be cited as the “Uniform Commercial Code - Bank Deposits and Collections”.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 879, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    Cross references:   For offenses relating to this title, see part 5 of article 5 of title 18.   Official Comments   Copyright by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. Reproduced with the permission of the Permanent Editorial Board for the Uniform Commercial Code. All rights reserved. —   Editor's note:   The Official Comments to the Uniform Commercial Code are available only in the printed book form of Colorado Revised Statutes. As noted above, the Official Comments are subject to copyright by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. At this time, Colorado has a license to reprint the Official Comments in the printed book form.   Editor's note:   This article was numbered as article 4 of chapter 155, C.R.S. 1963. This article was amended with relocations in 1994, resulting in the addition, relocation, and elimination of sections as well as subject matter. For amendments to this article prior to 1994, consult the Colorado statutory research explanatory note and the table itemizing the replacement volumes and supplements to the original volume of C.R.S. 1973 beginning on page vii in the front of this volume. Former C.R.S. section numbers are shown in editor's notes following those sections that were relocated.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. The great number of checks handled by banks and the country-wide nature of the bank collection process require uniformity in the law of bank collections. There is needed a uniform statement of the principal rules of the bank collection process with ample provision for flexibility to meet the needs of the large volume handled and the changing needs and conditions that are bound to come with the years. This Article meets that need.   2. In 1950 at the time Article 4 was drafted, 6.7 billion checks were written annually. By the time of the 1990 revision of Article 4 annual volume was estimated by the American Bankers Association to be about 50 billion checks. The banking system could not have coped with this increase in check volume had it not developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s an automated system for check collection based on encoding checks with machine-readable information by Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR). An important goal of the 1990 revision of Article 4 is to promote the efficiency of the check collection process by making the provisions of Article 4 more compatible with the needs of an automated system and, by doing so, increase the speed and lower the cost of check collection for those who write and receive checks. An additional goal of the 1990 revision of Article 4 is to remove any statutory barriers in the Article to the ultimate adoption of programs allowing the presentment of checks to payor banks by electronic transmission of information captured from the MICR line on the checks. The potential of these programs for saving the time and expense of transporting the huge volume of checks from depositary to payor banks is evident.   3. Article 4 defines rights between parties with respect to bank deposits and collections. It is not a regulatory statute. It does not regulate the terms of the bank-customer agreement, nor does it prescribe what constraints different jurisdictions may wish to impose on that relationship in the interest of consumer protection. The revisions in Article 4 are intended to create a legal framework that accommodates automation and truncation for the benefit of all bank customers. This may raise consumer problems which enacting jurisdictions may wish to address in individual legislation. For example, with respect to Section 4-401(c), jurisdictions may wish to examine their unfair and deceptive practices laws to determine whether they are adequate to protect drawers who postdate checks from unscrupulous practices that may arise on the part of persons who induce drawers to issue postdated checks in the erroneous belief that the checks will not be immediately payable. Another example arises from the fact that under various truncation plans customers will no longer receive their cancelled checks and will no longer have the cancelled check to prove payment. Individual legislation might provide that a copy of a bank statement along with a copy of the check is prima facie evidence of payment.   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Impact of the Uniform Commercial Code on Colorado Law”, see 42 Den. L. Ctr. J. 67 . For article, “Article 4 — Bank Deposits and Collections”, see 38 U. Colo. L. Rev. 65 (1965).   For cases construing provisions prior to U.C.C. concerning bank collections, see Peterson v. First State Bank, 79 Colo. 494 , 246 P. 784 (1926); McAloon v. Ericson, 84 Colo. 467 , 271 P. 192 (1928); McFerson v. Western Colo. Power Co., 102 Colo. 261 , 78 P.2d 625 (1938); Walter E. Heller Co. v. Mesa Bldg. Prods. Co., 233 F. Supp. 434 (D. Colo. 1964 ); Barnes v. Cherry Creek Nat'l Bank, 163 Colo. 414 , 431 P.2d 471 (1967) (decided under repealed § 14-8-1 et seq., C.R.S. 1963, § 14-8-1 et seq., CRS 53, CSA C. 18, §§ 46 through 62, and laws antecedent to CSA, C. 18, §§ 46 through 62).