reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 45a-507. (Formerly Sec. 45-99) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-507. (Formerly Sec. 45-99) - Application of rule.

 Sections 45a-502 to 45a-506, inclusive, shall apply only to inter vivos instruments and wills taking effect after October 1, 1955, and to appointments made after said date, including appointments by inter vivos instrument or will under powers created before said date. Said sections shall apply to both legal and equitable interests.(1955, S. 2916d.)History: Sec. 45-99 transferred to Sec. 45a-507 in 1991.Annotation to former section 45-99:Application of “second look” doctrine. 174 C. 616.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-508. (Formerly Sec. 45-100) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-508. (Formerly Sec. 45-100) - Exemption of certain employees' trust funds from the rule against perpetuities.

 A trust created by an employer as part of a stock bonus, pension, disability, death benefit or profit-sharing plan for the benefit of some or all employees, to which contributions are made by the employer or employees or both, for the purpose of distributing to the employees the earnings or the principal, or both earnings and principal, of the fund held in trust, shall not be deemed to be invalid as violating any existing law or rule of law against perpetuities or suspension of the power of alienation of the title to property. A trust created for such purpose may continue for such time as may be necessary to accomplish the purposes for which it has been created. The income arising from any property held in any such trust may be permitted to accumulate in accordance with the terms of such trust and the plan of which such trust forms a part for such time as may be necessary to accomplish the purposes for which such trust has been created. Any rule of law against perpetuities or suspension of the power of alienation of the title to property shall not invalidate any such trust.(1949 Rev., S. 6898; P.A. 80-476, S. 223.)History: P.A. 80-476 made minor changes in wording and deleted obsolete provision re invalidation of trusts “terminated by a court of competent jurisdiction in a suit instituted within three years after May 21, 1947”; Sec. 45-100 transferred to Sec. 45a-508 in 1991.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-514. (Formerly Sec. 45-79) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-514. (Formerly Sec. 45-79) - Charitable trusts.

 Any charitable trust or use created in writing or by deed by any resident of the state, or any public and charitable trust or use for aiding and assisting any person or persons to be selected by the trustees of such trust or use to acquire education, shall forever remain to the uses and purposes to which it has been granted according to the true intent and meaning of the grantor and to no other use.(1949 Rev., S. 6882.)History: Sec. 45-79 transferred to Sec. 45a-514 in 1991.See Sec. 47-2 re charitable uses of estates.Annotations to former section 45-79:A trust to promote the distribution of books or pamphlets may, in the absence of any profit element, qualify as a valid charity; gifts devoted to illegal objectives are void. 143 C. 247. Upon failure of trust, a resulting trust arises in favor of grantor-testator's estate. 150 C. 570. A charitable trust is to be construed, as far as reasonably possible, so as to uphold the trust. 157 C. 265. Lands and property owned by charitable organization devoted to a charitable public use may not be used for commercial purposes unless reasonably necessary to continue the charitable purpose of such organization. 168 C. 447. Cited. 172 C. 496; 179 C. 62; 209 C. 429.The modified doctrine of cy pres, or of approximation, exists only when the specific method adopted by the testator for carrying his general intent into effect can no longer be executed, but court held that the fact that at any particular time there are only a few, or even no, persons qualified to receive the benefit intended by a charitable bequest is not necessarily a reason for holding that such bequest has failed. 21 CS 217. Applicability of cy pres doctrine or doctrine of approximation depends on proof of general dominant charitable intent to which particular expressed intent is secondary. 27 CS 176. Neither doctrine of cy pres nor that of deviation will be applied when testator's express directions can be carried out. Id., 483.Annotation to present section:Cited. 225 C. 32.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-515. (Formerly Sec. 45-80) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-515. (Formerly Sec. 45-80) - Charitable uses determined by trustee, when.

 Any person may, by will, deed or other instrument, give, devise or bequeath property, real or personal or both, to any trustee or trustees, and may provide in such instrument that the property so given, devised or bequeathed shall be held in trust and the income or principal applied in whole or in part for any charitable purpose. A donor or testator shall not be required to designate in such will, deed or other instrument the particular charitable purpose or class of purposes for which the property shall be used or the income applied. Any such gift, devise or bequest shall be valid and operative, provided the donor or testator shall give to the trustee or trustees thereof or to any other person or persons, the power to select, from time to time and in such manner as such donor or testator may direct, the charitable purpose or purposes to which such property or the income thereof shall be applied; and such gift, devise or bequest, accompanied by such power of selection, shall not be void by reason of uncertainty.(1949 Rev., S. 6883; P.A. 80-476, S. 224.)History: P.A. 80-476 rephrased provisions; Sec. 45-80 transferred to Sec. 45a-515 in 1991.Annotations to former section 45-80:Trusts for support of religion are charitable trusts; trust giving trustee power to select particular mission held to comply with statute. 113 C. 231. Trust not void for uncertainty if trustee can distribute only to institutions exclusively devoted to charitable purposes. 123 C. 552. Trust valid with direction that trustee distribute “to such charitable and educational purposes as it may deem wise and prudent.” 126 C. 665. Effect of section is to make valid a bequest to charity generally, provided that by the terms of the bequest there is an absolute power vested in either a trustee or some other person to determine to what specific charity the property bequeathed shall be devoted. 138 C. 676. Cited. 157 C. 268.Cited. 18 CS 100. A trustee, in fulfillment of his duty to give effect to the testator's charitable intentions as made apparent in the will, may use surplus income to bestow on the charities named by the testator additional benefits in proportion to their original shares. 22 CS 409.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-516. (Formerly Sec. 45-81) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-516. (Formerly Sec. 45-81) - Gifts to charitable community trust.

 Any person may incorporate by reference in any will, deed or other instrument, the terms, conditions, trusts, uses or purposes of any existing written or printed resolution, declaration or deed of trust passed by any corporation or executed by any person whereby there is established or is attempted to be established any charitable community trust. Any gift, devise or bequest so given to any person or corporation, in trust for any use or purpose of such charitable community trust, shall be valid and effectual notwithstanding that the terms, conditions, uses and purposes thereof are not otherwise recited in such deed, will or other instrument than by such reference; and the property so given to such person or corporation shall be used for the purposes and upon the terms, conditions and trusts contained in such resolution, declaration or deed of trust establishing such community trust, so far as the same do not conflict with the intent of the donor or testator as expressed in such will, deed or other instrument. Any gift, devise or bequest so made shall not be void for uncertainty or invalid because such resolution, declaration or deed of trust establishing such community trust was not executed by the testator or donor in accordance with statutory provisions, provided such will, deed or other instrument is executed in accordance with such provisions.(1949 Rev., S. 6884; P.A. 80-476, S. 225.)History: P.A. 80-476 made minor changes in wording; Sec. 45-81 transferred to Sec. 45a-516 in 1991.Annotation to former section 45-81:Cited. 126 C. 670.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-517. (Formerly Sec. 45-82) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-517. (Formerly Sec. 45-82) - Community trustees to render annual accounts. Hearing on adjustment and allowance.

 (a) The trustee or trustees of any charitable community trust shall annually render an account signed under penalty of false statement to the court of probate for the district in which the trust is being administered. The account shall include an inventory of the estate held by such trustee or trustees and shall state the manner in which the principal of such fund is invested and the items of income and expenditure.(b) The court of probate shall direct the notice, if any, which shall be given of the hearing upon the adjustment and allowance of any such account. The court may adjust and allow the account and make any order necessary to secure the execution of the duties of such trustee or trustees, subject to appeal as provided for appeals from orders of the probate court.(1949 Rev., S. 6885; P.A. 80-476, S. 226; P.A. 99-84, S. 22.)History: P.A. 80-476 divided section into Subsecs. and rephrased provisions; Sec. 45-82 transferred to Sec. 45a-517 in 1991; P.A. 99-84 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting “under oath” and inserting “signed under penalty of false statement”.Annotation to former section 45-82:Cited. 126 C. 670.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-520. (Formerly Sec. 45-79b) (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-520. (Formerly Sec. 45-79b) - Termination of charitable trusts.

 (a) As used in this section: (1) “Charitable beneficiary” and “charitable entity” include, without limitation, towns, ecclesiastical society and cemetery associations owning or controlling the operation of a cemetery or burial ground; and (2) “charitable trust” means a trust for the benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries.(b) In any case where the current market value of the assets of a testamentary or inter vivos charitable trust is less than one hundred fifty thousand dollars, any trustee thereof, any charitable beneficiary specifically designated in the governing instrument or the Attorney General may petition a Probate Court specified in section 45a-499p for an order terminating the trust. Upon receipt of such a petition, the court shall order a hearing and cause notice thereof to be given to the Attorney General, the trustees, the grantor of the trust, if living, and any charitable beneficiary of the trust specifically designated in the governing instrument. If at such a hearing the court determines that continuation of the trust is uneconomic when the costs of operating the trust, probable income and other relevant factors are considered or not in the best interest of the beneficiaries, the court may order termination of the trust and distribution of the trust assets to any charitable beneficiary specifically designated in the governing instrument or, if no such beneficiary exists, to such other charitable trusts or charitable entities, including any community trust or foundation, as the court may determine will fulfill the charitable purposes of the trust being so terminated.(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to termination of trusts or funds as provided in chapter 368j.(P.A. 79-365; P.A. 80-221; P.A. 82-155; P.A. 84-294, S. 14; P.A. 86-234, S. 3, 6; P.A. 96-35; P.A. 14-122, S. 181; P.A. 19-137, S. 121.)History: P.A. 80-221 inserted Subsec. (a) defining charitable beneficiaries, entities and trusts, made previous provisions Subsec. (b) clarifying to which court petition should be brought and added Subsec. (c); P.A. 82-155 amended Subsec. (b) by increasing from $10,000 to $15,000 the limitation on the maximum value of a trust which may be terminated; P.A. 84-294 amended Subsec. (b) by increasing limit on market value of assets of a testamentary or inter vivos charitable trust from $15,000 to $20,000; P.A. 86-234 amended Subsec. (b) by increasing the asset level of the trust from $20,000 to $65,000; Sec. 45-79b transferred to Sec. 45a-520 in 1991; P.A. 96-35 amended Subsec. (b) by increasing asset level of trust to $150,000; P.A. 14-122 made technical changes in Subsec. (a); P.A. 19-137 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “court of probate” with “Probate Court specified in section 45a-499p”, deleted provisions re Probate Court district in which petition is to be brought, and made a technical change, effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-521 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-521 - Superior Court or Probate Court jurisdiction to reform charitable remainder unitrust re payment.

 (a) Upon a petition filed within the period specified in 26 CFR 1.664-3, by a trustee of a charitable remainder unitrust, the Superior Court, or a Probate Court specified in section 45a-499p shall have jurisdiction to reform such charitable remainder unitrust for the sole purpose of substituting a provision allowing payment of the unitrust amount under 26 CFR 1.664-3 for an existing provision providing for payment of the unitrust amount under 26 CFR 1.664-3.(b) The Superior Court or the Probate Court are empowered to reform such trust only to the extent the court finds that such reformation is consistent with the original intent of the testator or donor.(c) This section shall not be construed to effect a change in any dispositive provision of the trust as provided in section 45a-514.(P.A. 99-164, S. 34, 36; P.A. 19-137, S. 122.)History: P.A. 99-164 effective June 23, 1999; P.A. 19-137 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing reference to Code of Federal Regulations title and section with “26 CFR 1.664-3”, deleting provision re trustee or trust subject to jurisdiction of Probate Court, deleting “, provided such an accounting need not be required,” and adding “specified in section 45a-499p”, and amended Subsec. (b) by making a technical change, effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-535 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-535 - Short title: Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act.

 Sections 45a-535 to 45a-535i, inclusive, may be cited as the “Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act”.(P.A. 07-91, S. 28.)
CT Gen Stat § 45a-535a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-535a - Definitions.

 As used in sections 45a-535 to 45a-535i, inclusive, unless the context otherwise requires:(1) “Charitable purpose” means the relief of poverty, the advancement of education or religion, the promotion of health, the promotion of governmental purposes and any other purpose the achievement of which is beneficial to the community;(2) “Endowment fund” means an institutional fund or any part thereof not wholly expendable by the institution on a current basis under the terms of a gift instrument. The term does not include assets of an institution designated by the institution as an endowment fund for its own use;(3) “Gift instrument” means a record or records, including an institutional solicitation, under which property is granted to, transferred to or held by an institution as an institutional fund;(4) “Institution” means:(A) A person, other than an individual, organized and operated exclusively for charitable purposes;(B) A government or a governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality to the extent that it holds funds exclusively for a charitable purpose; and(C) A trust that had both charitable and noncharitable interests, after all noncharitable interests have terminated;(5) “Institutional fund” means a fund held by an institution exclusively for charitable purposes or a fund held by a trustee for a charitable community trust. “Institutional fund” does not include:(A) Program-related assets;(B) A fund held for an institution by a trustee that is not an institution, other than a fund which is held for a charitable community trust; or(C) A fund in which a beneficiary that is not an institution has an interest other than an interest that could arise upon violation or failure of the purposes of the fund;(6) “Person” means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality or any other legal or commercial entity;(7) “Program-related asset” means an asset held by an institution primarily to accomplish a charitable purpose of the institution and not primarily for appreciation or the production of income; and(8) “Record” means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.(P.A. 07-91, S. 29; P.A. 08-6, S. 3; P.A. 10-32, S. 135.)History: P.A. 08-6 redefined “institutional fund” in Subdiv. (5) by adding references to a fund held for a charitable community trust, effective April 29, 2008; P.A. 10-32 made technical changes in Subdiv. (5), effective May 10, 2010.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-535c (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-535c - Appropriation for expenditure or accumulation of endowment fund. Factors in making a determination to appropriate or accumulate. Rules of construction.

 (a) Subject to the intent of a donor expressed in a gift instrument, an institution may appropriate for expenditure or accumulate so much of an endowment fund as the institution determines to be prudent for the uses, benefits, purposes and duration for which the endowment fund is established. Unless stated otherwise in a gift instrument, the assets in an endowment fund are donor-restricted assets until appropriated for expenditure by the institution. In making a determination to appropriate or accumulate, the institution shall act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would exercise under similar circumstances and shall consider, if relevant, the following factors:(1) The duration and preservation of the endowment fund;(2) The purposes of the institution and the endowment fund;(3) General economic conditions;(4) The possible effect of inflation or deflation;(5) The expected total return from income and the appreciation of investments;(6) Other resources of the institution; and(7) The investment policy of the institution.(b) To limit the authority to appropriate for expenditure or accumulate under subsection (a) of this section, a gift instrument shall specifically state the limitation.(c) Terms in a gift instrument designating a gift as an endowment or a direction or authorization in the gift instrument to use only “income”, “interest”, “dividends” or “rents, issues or profits”, or “to preserve the principal intact”, or similar words:(1) Create an endowment fund of permanent duration unless other language in the gift instrument limits the duration or purpose of the fund; and(2) Do not otherwise limit the authority to appropriate for expenditure or accumulate under subsection (a) of this section.(P.A. 07-91, S. 31.)
CT Gen Stat § 45a-535d (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-535d - Delegation of management and investment of institutional fund.

 (a) Subject to any specific limitation set forth in a gift instrument or in law other than sections 45a-535 to 45a-535i, inclusive, an institution may delegate to an external agent the management and investment of an institutional fund to the extent that an institution could prudently delegate under the circumstances. An institution shall act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would exercise under similar circumstances, in:(1) Selecting an agent;(2) Establishing the scope and terms of the delegation, consistent with the purposes of the institution and the institutional fund; and(3) Periodically reviewing the agent's actions in order to monitor the agent's performance and compliance with the scope and terms of the delegation.(b) In performing a delegated function, an agent owes a duty to the institution to exercise reasonable care to comply with the scope and terms of the delegation.(c) An institution that complies with subsection (a) of this section is not liable for the decisions or actions of an agent to which the function was delegated.(d) By accepting delegation of a management or investment function from an institution that is subject to the laws of this state, an agent submits to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state in all proceedings arising from or related to the delegation or the performance of the delegated function.(e) An institution may delegate management and investment functions to its committees, officers or employees as authorized by law other than sections 45a-535 to 45a-535i, inclusive.(P.A. 07-91, S. 32.)
CT Gen Stat § 45a-535e (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-535e - Release or modification of restrictions contained in gift instrument on management, investment or purpose of institutional fund.

 (a) With the donor's consent in a record, an institution may release or modify, in whole or in part, a restriction contained in a gift instrument on the management, investment or purpose of an institutional fund. A release or modification may not allow a fund to be used for a purpose other than a charitable purpose of the institution.(b) If a restriction contained in a gift instrument on the management or investment of an institutional fund becomes impracticable or wasteful or impairs the management or investment of the fund or if because of circumstances not anticipated by the donor a modification of a restriction will further the purposes of the fund, a court, upon application of the institution, may modify the restriction. The institution shall notify the Attorney General, who shall be given an opportunity to be heard. To the extent practicable, any modification shall be made in accordance with the donor's probable intention.(c) If a particular charitable purpose or a restriction contained in a gift instrument on the use of an institutional fund becomes unlawful, impracticable, impossible to achieve or wasteful, a court, upon application of an institution, may modify the purpose of the fund or the restriction on the use of the fund in a manner consistent with the charitable purposes expressed in the gift instrument. The institution shall notify the Attorney General, who shall be given an opportunity to be heard.(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed as amending or altering existing standards in the law for approximation, cy pres or equitable deviation actions.(P.A. 07-91, S. 33; P.A. 09-102, S. 4.)History: P.A. 09-102 amended Subsec. (d) by substituting “law” for “general statutes”, effective July 1, 2009.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-535f (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-535f - Determination of compliance with act.

 Compliance with sections 45a-535 to 45a-535i, inclusive, is determined in light of the facts and circumstances existing at the time a decision is made or an action is taken.(P.A. 07-91, S. 34.)