reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 38.2-4130 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4130. Injunction; liquidation; receivership of domestic society

No domestic society shall:1. Exceed its powers;2. Fail to comply with any provisions of this chapter;3. Fail to fulfill its contracts in good faith;4. Have a membership of less than 400 after an existence of 1 year or more; or5. Conduct business fraudulently or in a manner hazardous to its members, creditors, the public or the business.If the Commission, upon investigation, finds such deficiencies, it shall issue a written notice to the society citing the deficiencies, stating the reasons for dissatisfaction, and requiring that the deficiencies be corrected within the period it designates. The period shall be at least thirty days but not more than six months from the service of the notice. If the Commission believes the interest of the certificate holders of the society will be best served by extending the period of time beyond six months, it may do so for the period of time it considers best. If the society does not correct the deficiency to the satisfaction of the Commission, the Commission may institute delinquency proceedings against the society in the manner set out in Chapter 15 (§ 38.2-1500 et seq.) of this title. If the Commission institutes a delinquency proceeding, all the provisions of Chapter 15 of this title with respect to the rehabilitation, liquidation, conservation and reorganization of insurers generally shall be applicable to the society.Code 1950, §§ 38-261, 38-275, 38-319, 38.1-592, 38.1-628; 1952, c. 317, §§ 38.1-638.24, 38.1-638.49; 1968, c. 654; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4131 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4131. Suspension, revocation or refusal of license of foreign or alien society

No foreign or alien society doing business or applying to do business in this Commonwealth shall:1. Exceed its powers;2. Fail to comply with any of the provisions of this chapter;3. Fail to fulfill its contracts in good faith; or4. Conduct its business fraudulently or in a manner hazardous to its members or creditors or the public.If the Commission, upon investigation, finds such deficiencies, it shall notify the society in writing of its findings, and after reasonable notice require the society to show cause on a date designated in the notice why its license should not be suspended, revoked or refused. If, on the date named in the notice, the grounds for the proposed suspension, revocation or refusal of the society's license have not been removed to the satisfaction of the Commission, or the society does not present good and sufficient reasons why its authority to do business in this Commonwealth should not at that time be suspended, revoked, or refused the Commission may suspend, revoke or refuse the license of the society to do business in this Commonwealth.Code 1950, §§ 38-322, 38.1-631; 1952, c. 317, § 38.1-638.52; 1968, c. 654; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4132 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4132. Licensing of agents

A. Agents of societies shall be licensed as life and health agents in accordance with Chapter 18 (§ 38.2-1800 et seq.) of this title regulating the licensing, revocation, suspension or termination of licenses of resident and nonresident agents.B. No examination or license shall be required of any regular salaried officer, employee or member of a licensed society who devotes substantially all of his or her services to activities other than the solicitation of fraternal insurance contracts from the public, and who receives for the solicitation of such contracts no commission or other compensation directly dependent upon the amount of business obtained.1968, c. 654, § 38.1-638.37; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4133 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4133. Unfair methods of competition and unfair and deceptive acts and practices

Every society authorized to do business in this Commonwealth shall be subject to the provisions of Chapter 5 (§ 38.2-500 et seq.) of this title. However, nothing in such provisions shall be construed as applying to or affecting the right of any society to determine its eligibility requirements for membership, or be construed as applying to or affecting the offering of benefits exclusively to members or persons eligible for membership in the society by a subsidiary corporation or affiliated organization of the society.1968, c. 654, § 38.1-638.60; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4134 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4134. Penalties

A. Any person who willfully makes a false or fraudulent statement in or relating to an application for membership or for the purpose of obtaining money from or a benefit in any society shall upon conviction be fined not less than $100 nor more than $500 or be imprisoned not less than 30 days nor more than 1 year, or both.B. Any person who willfully makes a false or fraudulent statement in any report or declaration required or authorized by this chapter, or of any material fact or thing contained in a statement concerning the death or disability of an insured for the purpose of procuring payment of a benefit named in the certificate, shall be guilty of perjury and shall be subject to the penalties therefor prescribed by law.C. Any person who solicits membership for, or in any manner assists in procuring membership in, any society not licensed to do business in this Commonwealth shall upon conviction be fined not less than $50 nor more than $200.D. Any other violation of this chapter shall be subject to § 38.2-218.Code 1950, §§ 38-263, 38.1-578; 1952, c. 317, § 38.1-638.10; 1968, c. 654; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4136 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4136. Societies previously existing; reincorporation; amendments

Any incorporated society doing business in this Commonwealth on June 19, 1914, may exercise all of the rights conferred by this chapter, and all of the rights, powers and privileges exercised or possessed by it under its charter or articles of incorporation not inconsistent with law; or, if a voluntary association, it may incorporate as provided herein. No society organized prior to June 19, 1914, shall be required to reincorporate under this section. Any society may amend its certificate of incorporation in the manner provided by law.Code 1950, §§ 38-269, 38.1-580; 1952, c. 317, § 38.1-638.12; 1968, c. 654; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4137 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 41 - Fraternal Benefit Societies|§ 38.2-4137. Exemption of member representatives of certain societies

The provisions of § 38.2-4132 shall not apply to the member representatives of any society organized or licensed under this chapter which insures its members against death, dismemberment and disability resulting from accident only, and which pays no commission or other compensation for the solicitation and procurement of such contracts.1968, c. 654, § 38.1-638.38; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4200 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4200. Applicability of chapter

A. Except as otherwise provided by law, no plan shall be organized, conducted or offered in this Commonwealth other than in the manner set forth in this chapter.B. Nothing contained in this chapter shall prohibit any physician (i) as an individual, (ii) in partnership with other physicians, or (iii) as part of a professional corporation of physicians, from entering into agreements directly with his own patients, or with a parent, guardian, conservator, spouse or other family member acting in a patient's behalf, involving payment for professional services to be rendered or made available in the future.1979, c. 721, § 38.1-813.1; 1980, c. 682; 1986, c. 562; 1997, c. 801.
VA Code § 38.2-4201 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4201. Definitions

As used in this chapter:"Contract holder" means a person entering into a subscription contract with a nonstock corporation."Nonstock corporation" means a foreign or domestic nonstock corporation which is subject to regulation and licensing under this chapter and which offers or administers subscription contracts to contract holders as part of a plan."Health services plan" or "plan" means any arrangement for offering or administering health services or similar or related services by a nonstock corporation licensed under this chapter."Hospital services plan" means a health services plan for providing hospital and similar or related services."Medical or surgical services plan" means a health services plan for providing medical or surgical services or both, and similar or related services."Subscriber" means any person entitled to benefits under the terms and conditions of a subscription contract."Subscription contract" means a written contract which is issued to a contract holder by a nonstock corporation and which provides health services or benefits for health services on a prepaid basis.1986, c. 562; 1988, c. 185.
VA Code § 38.2-4202 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4202. Hospital services plans

A hospital or a group of hospitals may conduct through a nonstock corporation as agent for them a hospital services plan as defined in § 38.2-4201.Code 1950, § 32-195.1; 1956, c. 268, § 38.1-810; 1960, c. 357; 1979, c. 721; 1980, c. 682; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4203 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4203. Medical or surgical services plans

A group of physicians may conduct through a nonstock corporation as agent for them a medical or surgical services plan as defined in § 38.2-4201.Code 1950, § 32-195.2; 1956, c. 268, § 38.1-811; 1960, c. 357; 1979, c. 721; 1980, c. 682; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4204 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4204. Merger of nonstock corporations

A nonstock corporation operating a hospital services plan pursuant to § 38.2-4202 may be combined with a nonstock corporation operating a medical or surgical services plan pursuant to § 38.2-4203. The nonstock corporation created by such combination may be licensed to conduct a combination plan furnishing both hospital services and similar or related services and medical or surgical services, or both, and similar or related services.1979, c. 721, § 38.1-812; 1980, c. 682; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4205 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4205. Dental and optometric services

Dental services and optometric services may be provided by either subscription contract or endorsement in a plan.1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4206 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4206. Nonstock corporation required

Each plan shall be conducted either by or through (i) a nonstock corporation organized pursuant to the laws of this Commonwealth or (ii) a foreign nonstock corporation that is subject to regulation and licensing under the laws of its domiciliary jurisdiction that are substantially similar to those provided by this chapter.This section shall not apply to any foreign nonstock corporation already licensed in this Commonwealth as of July 1, 1980.1980, c. 682, § 38.1-813.2; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4207 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4207. Existing foreign nonstock corporation

Any foreign nonstock corporation licensed in the Commonwealth as of July 1, 1980, may conduct a plan directly.1980, c. 682, § 38.1-813.3; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4208 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4208. Nonstock corporation not required to act as agent

A. A nonstock corporation may offer or administer a plan without being required to act as an agent for providers of health care services.B. A nonstock corporation applying for its initial license pursuant to this chapter in order to offer or administer a plan must elect in its application whether to act (i) as agent for providers of health care services, in which case §§ 38.2-4210 and 38.2-4211 shall apply, or (ii) as a nonagent, in which case the provisions of subsection D of this section shall apply.C. A nonstock corporation operating a plan pursuant to §§ 38.2-4202, 38.2-4203, 38.2-4204 or this section prior to June 30, 1985, and any successor nonstock corporation shall continue to operate as either an agent or nonagent nonstock corporation, in accordance with the manner in which it was operating as of that date, provided that it may petition the Commission to change its status as an agent or nonagent nonstock corporation, and if it does so, it shall give notice of the petition to all interested parties. The Commission shall conduct a hearing on the petition if requested by any interested party. A nonstock corporation seeking to change its status shall make application to the Commission within ninety days following the end of any calendar year. A change in status shall only be effective as to subscriber contracts issued or renewed on and after the date of a change in status. The Commission shall enter an order in response to the nonstock corporation's petition.D. If any nonstock corporation offers or administers a plan without acting as an agent for providers of health care services, the Commission may elect to (i) require the nonstock corporation to maintain its contingency reserves above a minimum level set by the Commission, or (ii) subject the nonstock corporation, notwithstanding the provisions of § 38.2-1700, to the requirements of Chapter 17 of this title, or (iii) both. The minimum level for contingency reserves shall not exceed forty-five days of the anticipated operating expenses and incurred claims expense generated from subscription contracts issued by the nonstock corporation, and shall be computed as the Commission requires.Code 1950, § 32-195.5:1; 1972, c. 429, § 38.1-816; 1974, c. 54; 1979, c. 721; 1980, c. 682; 1982, c. 129; 1983, c. 464, § 38.1-813.4; 1985, c. 233; 1986, c. 562; 1988, c. 185.
VA Code § 38.2-4209 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4209. Preferred provider subscription contracts

A. As used in this section, a "preferred provider subscription contract" is a contract that specifies how services are to be covered when rendered by providers participating in a plan, by nonparticipating providers, and by preferred providers.B. Notwithstanding the provisions of §§ 38.2-4218 and 38.2-4221, any nonstock corporation may, as a feature of its plan, offer preferred provider subscription contracts pursuant to the requirements of this section that limit the numbers and types of providers of health care services eligible for payment as preferred providers.C. Any such nonstock corporation shall establish terms and conditions that shall be met by a hospital, physician or other type of provider listed in § 38.2-4221 in order to qualify for payment as a preferred provider under the subscription contracts. These terms and conditions shall not discriminate unreasonably against or among health care providers. No hospital, physician or type of provider listed in § 38.2-4221 willing to meet the terms and conditions offered to it or him shall be excluded. Differences in prices among hospitals or other institutional providers produced by a process of individual negotiations with the providers or based on market conditions, or price differences among providers in different geographical areas shall not be deemed unreasonable discrimination. The Commission shall have no jurisdiction to adjudicate controversies growing out of this subsection.D. Mandated types of providers listed in § 38.2-4221 and types of providers whose services are required to be made available and which have been specifically contracted for by the holder of any subscription contract shall, to the extent required by § 38.2-4221, have the same opportunity as do doctors of medicine to qualify for payment as preferred providers.E. Preferred provider subscription contracts shall provide for payment for services rendered by nonpreferred providers, but the payments need not be the same as for preferred providers.F. No contract between a nonstock corporation and a provider shall include provisions which require a health care provider or health care provider group to deny covered services that such provider or group knows to be medically necessary and appropriate that are provided with respect to a specific enrollee or group of enrollees with similar medical conditions.1983, c. 464, § 38.1-813.4; 1986, c. 562; 1999, cc. 643, 649.
VA Code § 38.2-4210 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4210. Liability of participants

A. All hospitals, persons, nonstock corporations, and physicians participating in a plan shall be jointly and severally liable on all contracts made for the purposes of the plan by the nonstock corporation as agent for them. Each contract may be executed and signed by their agent on their behalf. A contract so signed shall be binding on the principals and not on the agent.B. Actions for breach of these contracts may be brought against the principals by naming the agent as the sole defendant. A judgment in favor of the plaintiff may be satisfied out of the assets of the nonstock corporation or out of the assets of each of the principals.C. Each participant shall be liable for his own torts and not for the torts of any other participant or of the agent.Code 1950, § 32-195.4; 1956, c. 268, § 38.1-814; 1972, c. 429; 1979, c. 721; 1980, c. 682; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4211 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4211. Change of participants

A. Any participating hospital, person, nonstock corporation or physician may resign from a plan at any time but will continue to be liable on each subscription contract then in effect. However, this liability shall not extend beyond the end of each such subscription contract's current contract year.B. Hospitals, persons, nonstock corporations and physicians may be admitted to a plan at any time and will then automatically become liable on all its outstanding contracts.Code 1950, § 32-195.5; 1956, c. 268, § 38.1-815; 1972, c. 429; 1979, c. 721; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4212 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4212. Board of directors of nonstock corporation operating plan

A. Notwithstanding the provisions of §§ 13.1-853, 13.1-854 and 13.1-855, a nonstock corporation operating a plan pursuant to §§ 38.2-4202, 38.2-4203, 38.2-4204, or § 38.2-4208 shall be subject to the following:1. The board of directors of the nonstock corporation shall consist of no more than fifteen members. However, if two or more nonstock corporations merge, the board of directors of the new or surviving nonstock corporation may consist of no more than twenty members. Further, the board of directors may be increased to a size not exceeding the aggregate number of directors on the merging nonstock corporations' boards for the balance of the year in which merger occurs and for the following five years.2. Except as permitted by subsection B of this section, a majority of the members of the board of directors of the nonstock corporation shall be persons who are covered by subscription contracts issued by the nonstock corporation and who are not providers of health care services, or employees or salaried officers of the nonstock corporation.B. Notwithstanding the provisions of §§ 13.1-853, 13.1-854 and 13.1-855, any nonstock corporation operating a plan pursuant to § 38.2-4203 may have a board of directors consisting of a majority of providers of health care services.C. As used in this section, "providers of health care services" shall include, but not be limited to, physicians, pharmacists, nurses, physical therapists, hospital administrators, employees or majority or controlling stockholders of hospitals, and other persons furnishing health-related services.D. This section shall not apply to any foreign nonstock corporation licensed in this Commonwealth on or before July 1, 1980.Code 1950, §§ 32-195.5:1, 32-195.5:2; 1972, c. 429, §§ 38.1-816, 38.1-817; 1974, c. 54; 1979, c. 721; 1980, c. 682; 1982, c. 129; 1985, c. 233; 1986, c. 562.
VA Code § 38.2-4213 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 38.2 - Insurance|Chapter 42 - Health Services Plans|§ 38.2-4213. Liability of participating providers upon merger of nonstock corporation

If two or more nonstock corporations merge, §§ 38.2-4210 and 38.2-4211 shall not apply to the new or surviving nonstock corporation, its plans or its providers unless the nonstock corporations to be merged notify the Commission in writing at least thirty days prior to the date of the merger that the new or surviving nonstock corporation will remain subject to §§ 38.2-4210 and 38.2-4211. If notice is not given, the Commission may (i) require the new or surviving nonstock corporation to maintain its contingency reserves above minimum level, (ii) subject it, notwithstanding the provisions of § 38.2-1700, to the requirements of Chapter 17 of this title or (iii) both. The minimum level of contingency reserves shall not exceed thirty days of anticipated operating expenses and claims receipts computed as the Commission requires. If the nonstock corporation elects not to file the notice permitted by this section, the nonstock corporation and not its providers shall be liable for the obligations of the plan.Code 1950, § 32-195.5:1; 1972, c. 429, § 38.1-816; 1974, c. 54; 1979, c. 721; 1980, c. 682; 1982, c. 129; 1985, c. 233; 1986, c. 562.