MT Code § 61-4-208 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 61. Motor Vehicles|Chapter 4. Sales and Distribution of Motor Vehicles|Part 2. Licensing of New Motor VehicleManufacturers, Distributors, and Importers -- Disputes -- Standing|61-4-208. Prohibited acts -- rights of franchisees

  61-4-208. Prohibited acts -- rights of franchisees. (1) A manufacturer, a factory branch, a distributor, a distributor branch, an importer, a field representative, an officer, an agent, or any representative of the persons or entities listed may not:   (a) coerce, attempt to coerce, or require a new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer to:   (i) accept delivery of a new motor vehicle, a part, or an accessory for a new motor vehicle or any other commodity that has not been ordered by the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer;   (ii) participate in or contribute to any local, regional, or national advertising fund or to participate in or to contribute to contests, giveaways, or other sales devices;   (iii) change location of the dealership or to make substantial alterations to the use or number of franchises or the dealership premises or facilities;   (iv) either establish or maintain exclusive facilities, personnel, or display space or to abandon an existing franchise relationship with another manufacturer in order to keep or enter into a franchise agreement or to participate in any program discount, credit, rebate, or sales incentive;   (v) subject to subsection (2)(b) and notwithstanding the terms of a franchise agreement or other agreement providing otherwise, purchase goods or services from a vendor identified, selected, or designated by a manufacturer, a factory branch, a distributor, a distributor branch, an importer, or an affiliate of the persons or entities listed without allowing the franchisee, after consultation with the franchisor, to obtain goods or services of like kind, quality, and design from a vendor that the franchisee chooses;   (vi) require, coerce, or attempt to coerce a new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer to refrain from participation in the management of, investment in, or acquisition of any other line-make of new motor vehicle or related products, as long as the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer maintains a reasonable line of credit for each franchise and the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer remains in substantial compliance with reasonable facilities requirements. The reasonable facilities requirements may not include any requirement that a new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer establish or maintain exclusive facilities, personnel, or display space.   (vii) refrain from participation in the management of, investment in, or acquisition of any other line of new motor vehicle or related products if the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer maintains a reasonable line of credit for each make or line of new motor vehicles and remains in compliance with any reasonable capital standards and facility requirements of the manufacturer; or   (viii) enter into an agreement with a manufacturer, factory branch, distributor, distributor branch, importer, or any representative of any of these persons or entities or do any other act unfair to the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer by:   (A) threatening to cancel or not renew a franchise existing between the manufacturer, factory branch, distributor, distributor branch, importer, or any representative of any of these persons or entities and the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer; or   (B) threatening to withhold, delay, or disrupt the receipt of new motor vehicles or any motor vehicle parts or supplies ordered by the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer from the manufacturer, factory branch, distributor, distributor branch, importer, or any representative or agent of any of these persons or entities;   (b) delay, refuse, or fail to deliver new motor vehicles in a reasonable time in a reasonable quantity relative to the new motor vehicle dealer's or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer's facilities and sales potential after accepting an order from a new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer if the new motor vehicles are publicly advertised as being available for immediate delivery;   (c) impose unreasonable restrictions on the assertion of legal or equitable rights on the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer or franchise of a new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer regarding transfer; sale; right to renew; termination; discipline; noncompetition covenants; site control, whether by sublease, collateral pledge of lease, or otherwise; or compliance with subjective standards;   (d) notwithstanding the terms, provisions, or conditions of any agreement or franchise, use or consider the new motor vehicle dealer's or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer's performance relating to the sale of new motor vehicles or ability to satisfy any minimum sales or market share quota or responsibility relating to the sale of new motor vehicles, parts, or service contracts in determining:   (i) eligibility to purchase program, certified, or other used motor vehicles;   (ii) the volume, type, or model of program, certified, or other used motor vehicles that the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer is eligible to purchase;   (iii) the price or prices of any program, certified, or other used motor vehicles that the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer is eligible to purchase; or   (iv) the availability or amount of any discount, credit, rebate, or sales incentive that the new motor vehicle dealer or transferee of a new motor vehicle dealer is eligible to receive for the purchase of any program, certified, or other used motor vehicles; or   (e) enforce a right of first refusal to acquire the new motor vehicle dealer's assets or ownership by a manufacturer, distributor, or manufacturer's assignee or manufacturer's representative or to require a dealer to grant a right of option to a manufacturer, distributor, or manufacturer's representative.   (2) (a) There is no violation of subsection (1)(a)(iii) or (1)(b) if a failure on the part of the manufacturer, factory branch, distributor, distributor branch, or importer is beyond the control of the listed persons or entities.   (b) (i) Subsection (1)(a)(v) does not apply to goods or services specifically eligible for reimbursement of over one-half the cost of the goods or services pursuant to a franchisor or distributor program or incentive granted to the franchisee on reasonable, written terms.   (ii) For the purposes of subsection (1)(a) and this subsection (2)(b), "goods" do not include:   (A) moveable displays, brochures, or promotional materials containing material subject to the intellectual property rights of a franchisor or parts to be used in repairs under warranty obligations of a franchisor; or   (B) special tools or training required by the franchisor.   (3) (a) Except as provided in subsection (3)(b) or (3)(c), a manufacturer, a factory branch, a distributor, a distributor branch, an importer, a field representative, an officer, an agent, or any representative of any of these persons or entities may not own or operate, directly or indirectly, a motor vehicle dealership in Montana that is for sale or has been for sale under a franchise agreement with a new motor vehicle dealer in Montana.   (b) If there is no independent person available to own and operate a motor vehicle dealership in a manner that is consistent with the public interest, a manufacturer, a factory branch, a distributor, a distributor branch, an importer, a field representative, an officer, an agent, or any representative of any of these persons or entities may own and operate a motor vehicle dealership for a temporary period, not to exceed 1 year, during the transition from one owner of the dealership to another. Approval of the sale may not be unreasonably withheld by the manufacturer.   (c) A manufacturer, a factory branch, a distributor, a distributor branch, an importer, a field representative, an officer, an agent, or any representative of any of these persons or entities may own an interest in a motor vehicle dealership but may not operate the dealership unless a manufacturer, a factory branch, a distributor, a distributor branch, an importer, a field representative, an officer, an agent, or any representative of any of these persons or entities has a bona fide business relationship with an independent person who is not a franchisor or a franchisor's agent or affiliate, who has made an investment that is subject to loss in the dealership, and who reasonably expects to acquire full ownership of the dealership on reasonable terms and conditions.   History: En. 51-606 by Sec. 6, Ch. 380, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 51-606; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 202, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 12, Ch. 221, L. 1997; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 313, L. 1999; amd. Sec. 173, Ch. 542, L. 2005; amd. Sec. 6, Ch. 308, L. 2009; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 273, L. 2013; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 93, L. 2017.