reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 18-15-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-101. Definitions

 As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:    To “collect” an extension of credit means to induce in any way any person to make repayment thereof.    “Creditor” means any person who extends credit or any person claiming by, under, or through any such person.    “Debtor” means any person who receives an extension of credit or any person who guarantees the repayment of an extension of credit or in any manner undertakes to indemnify the creditor against loss resulting from the failure of any person who receives an extension of credit to repay the same.    To “extend credit” means to make or renew any loan or to enter into any agreement, express or implied, whereby the repayment or satisfaction of any debt or claim, whether acknowledged or disputed, valid or invalid, and however arising, may or will be deferred.    An “extortionate means” is any means which involves the use, or an express or implicit threat of use, of violence or other criminal means to cause harm to the person, reputation, or property of any person.      “Loan finance charge” means the sum of all charges payable directly or indirectly by the debtor and imposed directly or indirectly by the lender as an incident to or as a condition of the extension of credit, whether paid or payable by the debtor, the lender, or any other person on behalf of the debtor to the lender or to a third party, including, but not limited to, any of the following types of charges that are applicable:   Interest or any amount payable under a point, discount, or other system of charges, however denominated;    Premium or other charge for any guarantee of insurance protecting the lender against the debtor's default or other credit loss;    Charges incurred for investigating the collateral or credit-worthiness of the debtor or for commissions or brokerage for obtaining the credit.       The term does not include the charges as a result of additional charges as defined in section 5-2-202, C.R.S., delinquency charges as defined in section 5-2-203, C.R.S., deferral charges as defined in section 5-2-204, C.R.S., similar charges specifically authorized by law, or additional interest charges permitted by section 5-12-107 (3), C.R.S.       “Repayment” of an extension of credit includes the repayment, satisfaction, or discharge, in whole or in part, of any debt or claim, acknowledged or disputed, valid or invalid, resulting from or in connection with that extension of credit.      History. Source: L. 72: P. 288, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-101 . L. 94: (6) amended, p. 1613, § 14, effective July 1. L. 96: (6) amended, p. 412, § 14, effective July 1. L. 2000: (6)(b) amended, p. 1872, § 109, effective August 2.
CO Code § 18-15-102 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-102. Extortionate Extension of Credit - Penalty

 Any person who makes any extension of credit in any amount regardless of the loan finance charge with respect to which it is the understanding of the creditor and the debtor at the time it is made that delay in making repayment or failure to make repayment will result in the use of extortionate means of collection is guilty of extortionate extension of credit, which is a class 4 felony.   History. Source: L. 72: P. 289, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-102 .
CO Code § 18-15-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-103. Presumption That Extension of Credit Is Extortionate

  The provisions of this section are nonexclusive and in no way limit the effect or applicability of section 18-15-102.    In any prosecution under section 18-15-102, if it is shown that the factors enumerated in paragraphs   , (b), and (c) of this subsection (2) were present in connection with the making of the extension of credit in question, there shall arise a presumption that the extension of credit was extortionate:    At the time credit was extended, the debtor reasonably believed that one or more extensions of credit by the creditor had been collected or attempted to be collected by extortionate means or the nonrepayment thereof had been punished by extortionate means.    Upon the making of the extension of credit, the total of the extensions of credit by the creditor to the debtor then outstanding, including any unpaid interest or similar charges, exceeded one hundred dollars.       In any prosecution under section 18-15-102, evidence of similar offenses tending to establish the existence of a plan, scheme, or design on the part of the defendant to produce a result of which the act charged is a part shall be admissible in evidence against the defendant. Such evidence of similar offenses, if known to the debtor, shall also be admissible in evidence for the purpose of establishing the reasonable belief of the debtor referred to in paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section.    Whether evidence introduced under the provisions of subsection (2) of this section giving rise to the presumption that the extension of credit was extortionate is sufficient to establish the guilt of the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt, if such evidence is not disputed, is a question to be determined by the jury under proper instructions or by the court if no jury trial is had. Where there is evidence tending to show the innocence of the transaction, the issue of whether the extension of credit was extortionate shall be submitted to the jury, if trial is to a jury, unless the court is satisfied that the evidence as a whole clearly negates the presumed offense.     (a) The extension of credit was made with a loan finance charge in excess of that established for criminal usury.   History. Source: L. 72: P. 289, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-103 .
CO Code § 18-15-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-104. Engaging in Criminal Usury

  Any person who knowingly charges, takes, or receives any money or other property as a loan finance charge where the charge exceeds an annual percentage rate of forty-five percent or the equivalent for a longer or shorter period commits the crime of criminal usury, which is a class 6 felony.    It is an affirmative defense to criminal usury for a person, or his agent or assignee, who charges, takes, or receives money or property as a loan finance charge in excess of an annual percentage rate of forty-five percent in either of the following circumstances:   That at the time of making the loan finance charge it could not have been determined by a mathematical computation that the annual percentage rate would exceed an annual percentage rate of forty-five percent;    That the loan finance charge was not in excess of an annual percentage rate of forty-five percent when the rate of the finance charge was calculated on the unpaid balance of the debt on the assumption that the debt is to be paid according to its terms and is not paid before the end of the agreed term.       The affirmative defenses referred to in subsection (2) of this section shall only apply when the provisions relating to the loan finance charge are set forth in a written agreement signed by all the parties and such written agreement is submitted to the court and the district attorney at least ten days prior to trial.    This section shall not apply to:   Charges and fees permitted by articles 1 to 6 of title 5, C.R.S., or charges and fees that are similar to such charges and fees and are specifically authorized by law;    Credit card charges and fees not exceeding those permitted for consumer transactions under articles 1 to 6 of title 5, C.R.S., when imposed upon or collected from a person or in a transaction not subject to said provisions;    A reverse mortgage as defined in section 11-38-102, C.R.S.; and    Additional interest charges permitted by section 5-12-107 (3), C.R.S.        History. Source: L. 72: P. 290, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-104 . L. 89: (1) amended, p. 843, § 103, effective July 1. L. 92: (4) amended, p. 944, § 3, effective April 23. L. 94: (4)(a) amended, p. 1613, § 15, effective July 1. L. 96: (4)(b) and (4)(c) amended and (4)(d) added, p. 412, § 15, effective July 1.    Cross references:   For penalties for charges under forty-five percent, see § 5-5-301 .   ANNOTATION   Applied in Haugen v. Western Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass'n, 633 P.2d 497 (Colo. App. 1981).
CO Code § 18-15-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-105. Financing Extortionate Extensions of Credit

 Any person who knowingly advances money or property, whether as a gift, a loan, or an investment, pursuant to a partnership or profit-sharing agreement, or otherwise, to any person, with reasonable grounds to believe that it is the intention of the person to whom the advance is made to use the money or property, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of making an extortionate extension of credit, commits financing extortionate extensions of credit, which is a class 5 felony.   History. Source: L. 72: P. 290, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-105 . L. 89: Entire section amended, p. 843, § 104, effective July 1.
CO Code § 18-15-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-106. Financing Criminal Usury

 Any person who knowingly advances money or property, whether as a gift, a loan, or an investment, pursuant to a partnership or profit-sharing agreement, or otherwise, to any person, with reasonable grounds to believe that it is the intention of the person to whom the advance is made to use the money or property, directly or indirectly, for the purpose of engaging in criminal usury, commits financing criminal usury, which is a class 6 felony.   History. Source: L. 72: P. 291, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-106 . L. 89: Entire section amended, p. 843, § 105, effective July 1.
CO Code § 18-15-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-107. Collection of Extensions of Credit by Extortionate Means

  It is unlawful for any person knowingly to participate in any way, or to conspire to do so, in the use of any extortionate means to collect or to attempt to collect any extension of credit or to punish any person for the nonrepayment of any extension of credit.    Any person who violates the provisions of subsection (1) of this section commits collection of extensions of credit by extortionate means, which is a class 4 felony.    In any prosecution under this section for the purpose of showing an implicit threat as a means of collection, evidence may be introduced tending to show that one or more extensions of credit by the creditor were, to the knowledge of the person against whom the implicit threat was alleged to have been made, collected or attempted to be collected by extortionate means or that the nonrepayment of an extension of credit was punished by extortionate means.     History. Source: L. 72: P. 291, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-107 .
CO Code § 18-15-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 15 - Offenses - Making, Financing, or Collection of Loans|§ 18-15-108. Possession or Concealment of Records of Criminal Usury

  Any person who possesses or conceals any writing, paper, instrument, or article used to record criminally usurious transactions, and who knows or has reasonable grounds to know that the contents have been used, are being used, or are intended to be used to conduct a criminally usurious transaction, or who possesses or conceals such instruments with intent to aid, assist, or facilitate criminal usury commits possession or concealment of records of criminal usury, which is a class 6 felony.    This section is not applicable to any person who may take possession of any such documents while acting on behalf of another as attorney or in a related capacity with respect to judicial proceedings already commenced.     History. Source: L. 72: P. 291, § 3. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-15-108 . L. 89: (1) amended, p. 843, § 106, effective July 1.
CO Code § 18-16-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-101. Legislative Declaration

 The general assembly hereby finds and determines that illicit traffic in stolen valuable articles is encouraged by the absence of any required record-keeping system by persons purchasing such valuable articles. The general assembly further finds that law enforcement officials are hindered in the identification and recovery of stolen valuable articles, and that law enforcement officials are hindered in the discovery and identification of persons selling stolen valuable articles due to the absence of such a required record-keeping system. Accordingly, it is the intent of the general assembly, by enacting this article, to aid law enforcement officials in the discovery and identification of sellers of stolen valuable articles and in the identification and recovery of stolen valuable articles by providing a mandatory record-keeping and reporting system by purchasers and by providing a holding period during which time such articles shall not be disposed of or altered in any manner. Local governments may adopt ordinances more strict than the provisions of this article.   History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1011, § 1, effective May 22.    ANNOTATION   Applied in Rathke v. MacFarlane, 648 P.2d 648 (Colo. 1982).
CO Code § 18-16-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-103. Purchaser to Identify Seller

  No purchaser shall purchase any valuable article without first securing adequate identification from the seller. The type and kind of identification shall be limited to the following:   A valid Colorado driver's license;    An identification card issued in accordance with section 42-2-302, C.R.S.;    A valid driver's license, containing a picture, issued by another state;    A military identification card;    A valid passport;    An alien registration card; or    A nonpicture identification document issued by a state or federal government entity if the purchaser also obtains a clear imprint of the seller's right index finger.        History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1012, § 1, effective May 22. L. 94: (1)(b) amended, p. 2553, § 44, effective January 1, 1995.    ANNOTATION   Applied in Rathke v. MacFarlane, 648 P.2d 648 (Colo. 1982).
CO Code § 18-16-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-104. Purchases Prohibited

 No purchaser shall purchase any valuable article from any person under the age of eighteen years.   History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1013, § 1, effective May 22.    ANNOTATION   Applied in Rathke v. MacFarlane, 648 P.2d 648 (Colo. 1982).
CO Code § 18-16-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-105. Purchaser to Maintain Register and Obtain Declaration of Seller's Ownership

  Every purchaser of valuable articles shall keep a register, in a permanent, well-bound book, in which he shall record the following information: The name, address, and date of birth of the seller and his driver's license number or other I.D. number from any other allowed form of identification pursuant to section 18-16-103; the date, time, and place of the purchase; an accurate and detailed account and description of each valuable article being purchased, including, but not limited to, any trademark, identification number, serial number, model number, brand name, or other identifying marks on such articles and a description by weight and design of such articles. The purchaser shall also obtain a written declaration of the seller's ownership which shall state whether the valuable article is totally owned by the seller, how long the seller has owned the article, whether the seller or someone else found the article, and, if the article was found, the details of its finding.    The seller shall sign his name in such register and on the declaration of ownership.    Such register shall be made available to any peace officer for inspection at any reasonable time.    The purchaser shall keep each register for at least three years after the last date of purchase of valuable articles described therein.     History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1013, § 1, effective May 22.    ANNOTATION   Constitutionality of the maintenance and inspection of the register. Allowing the inspection of the register without a warrant is not inconsistent with the constitutional protections against unreasonable search and seizure. Exotic Coins, Inc. v. Beacom, 699 P.2d 930 (Colo. 1985), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 892, 106 S. Ct. 214, 88 L. Ed. 2d 214 (1985).   Evidence sufficient to sustain defendant's conviction for giving false information. People v. Chavez, 764 P.2d 371 (Colo. App. 1988).   Applied in Rathke v. MacFarlane, 648 P.2d 648 (Colo. 1982).
CO Code § 18-16-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-106. Holding Period

  Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, a purchaser shall hold all valuable articles within the jurisdiction of purchase for a period of thirty days from the date of purchase, during which time the valuable articles shall be held separate and apart from any other transaction and shall not be changed in form or altered in any way. The purchaser shall permit any requesting law enforcement officer to inspect the valuable articles during the thirty-day period.    Stamped and assayed gold and silver bullion and gold coins shall not be subject to the holding requirement imposed by subsection (1) of this section. In lieu of such requirement, the purchaser shall be required to record the identity of any person to whom he transfers any such bullion or coins and the date, time, and place of such transfer.     History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1013, § 1, effective May 22.    ANNOTATION   Applied in Rathke v. MacFarlane, 648 P.2d 648 (Colo. 1982).
CO Code § 18-16-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-107. Reports Required

  Every purchaser of valuable articles shall provide the local law enforcement agency, on a weekly basis, with two records, on a form to be provided by the local law enforcement agency, of all valuable articles purchased during the preceding week and one copy of the seller's declaration of ownership. The form for recording such purchases shall contain the information required to be recorded in the purchaser's register pursuant to section 18-16-105 and shall also include a physical description of the seller and the dollar amount of the purchase. Said form shall be signed, at the time of the purchase, by the seller and by the individual purchaser or his agent who participated in the purchase. The local law enforcement agency shall designate the day of the week on which the records and declarations shall be submitted.    A copy of such record and the seller's declaration of ownership shall also be forwarded to the local law enforcement agency having jurisdiction in the area where the seller resides.    The local law enforcement agency shall forward copies of such records and declarations of sellers' ownership, upon request, to any other law enforcement agency.     History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1013, § 1, effective May 22. L. 83: (1) amended, p. 668, § 13, effective July 1.    ANNOTATION   Constitutionality of reporting requirements. The requirement that purchasers provide the local law enforcement agency on a weekly basis, two records regarding valuable articles purchased does not constitute a violation of the purchaser's fifth amendment privilege against self-incrimination. Exotic Coins, Inc. v. Beacom, 699 P.2d 930 (Colo.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 892, 106 S. Ct. 214, 88 L. Ed. 2d 214 (1985).   Jeweler's failure to comply with record-keeping requirement does not constitute defense to criminal charge under § 18-16-108 , and the prosecution's failure to introduce proof of jeweler's compliance with this section was not fatal to defendant's conviction. People v. Chavez, 764 P.2d 371 (Colo. App. 1988).   Applied in Rathke v. MacFarlane, 648 P.2d 648 (Colo. 1982).
CO Code § 18-16-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-108. Penalty

 Any person who violates any of the provisions of this article commits a class 6 felony. Any person who knowingly gives false information with respect to the information required by sections 18-16-103 and 18-16-105 commits a class 6 felony.   History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1014, § 1, effective May 22. L. 89: Entire section amended, p. 843, § 107, effective July 1.    ANNOTATION   Act does not create a strict liability crime. The second sentence of this provision requires a “knowing” violation. This mental state applies to the first sentence as well. Exotic Coins, Inc. v. Beacom, 699 P.2d 930 (Colo. 1985), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 892, 106 S. Ct. 214, 88 L. Ed. 2d 214 (1985).   Jeweler's failure to comply with record-keeping requirement under § 18-16-107 does not constitute defense to criminal charge under this section and the prosecution's failure to introduce proof of jeweler's compliance with § 18-16-107 was not fatal to defendant's conviction. People v. Chavez, 764 P.2d 371 (Colo. App. 1988).   Evidence sufficient to sustain defendant's conviction for giving false information. People v. Chavez, 764 P.2d 371 (Colo. App. 1988).
CO Code § 18-16-109 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 18 - Criminal Code|Article 16 - Purchasers of Valuable Articles|§ 18-16-109. Applicability

 The provisions of this article shall not apply to private collectors purchasing collectors' items from other private collectors or businesses engaged in selling valuable articles exclusively as collectors' items, and who pay for such purchases by check, nor shall the provisions of sections 18-16-101 to 18-16-108 apply to valuable articles purchased exclusively in interstate commerce and paid for by check mailed to the seller in another state, if a record of the check by which payment was made and the name and address of the seller is maintained for a period of three years, or a retail merchant who, in a retail transaction involving the sale of a valuable article, receives another valuable article as a trade-in and credits the retail purchaser with the value thereof if the retail purchaser provides proof satisfactory to the retailer that the valuable article was originally purchased from that retailer. For the purpose of this section, a “private collector” is an individual, business, or corporation who purchases an item for a price based on the value of the article as a historical item rather than the prevailing market price of the item's metallic or stone composition; who has an interest in preserving the item in its unique or historical form and who does not alter the form of the article; and whose primary purpose is to keep the article in a collection or to sell to another collector.   History. Source: L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1014, § 1, effective May 22.    ANNOTATION   Constitutionality of exclusions. The exclusions from the act's application are not unconstitutionally vague. Exotic Coins, Inc. v. Beacom, 699 P.2d 930 (Colo. 1985), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 892, 106 S. Ct. 214, 88 L. Ed. 2d 214 (1985).