reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Ev Code § 403 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 3 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|CHAPTER 4 - Admitting and Excluding Evidence|ARTICLE 2 - Preliminary Determinations on Admissibility of Evidence|Section 403.

403.  (a) The proponent of the proffered evidence has the burden of producing evidence as to the existence of the preliminary fact, and the proffered evidence is inadmissible unless the court finds that there is evidence sufficient to sustain a finding of the existence of the preliminary fact, when:(1) The relevance of the proffered evidence depends on the existence of the preliminary fact;(2) The preliminary fact is the personal knowledge of a witness concerning the subject matter of his testimony;(3) The preliminary fact is the authenticity of a writing; or(4) The proffered evidence is of a statement or other conduct of a particular person and the preliminary fact is whether that person made the statement or so conducted himself.(b) Subject to Section 702, the court may admit conditionally the proffered evidence under this section, subject to evidence of the preliminary fact being supplied later in the course of the trial.(c) If the court admits the proffered evidence under this section, the court: (1) May, and on request shall, instruct the jury to determine whether the preliminary fact exists and to disregard the proffered evidence unless the jury finds that the preliminary fact does exist.(2) Shall instruct the jury to disregard the proffered evidence if the court subsequently determines that a jury could not reasonably find that the preliminary fact exists.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 404 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 3 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|CHAPTER 4 - Admitting and Excluding Evidence|ARTICLE 2 - Preliminary Determinations on Admissibility of Evidence|Section 404.

404.  Whenever the proffered evidence is claimed to be privileged under Section 940, the person claiming the privilege has the burden of showing that the proffered evidence might tend to incriminate him; and the proffered evidence is inadmissible unless it clearly appears to the court that the proffered evidence cannot possibly have a tendency to incriminate the person claiming the privilege.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 405 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 3 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|CHAPTER 4 - Admitting and Excluding Evidence|ARTICLE 2 - Preliminary Determinations on Admissibility of Evidence|Section 405.

405.  With respect to preliminary fact determinations not governed by Section 403 or 404:(a) When the existence of a preliminary fact is disputed, the court shall indicate which party has the burden of producing evidence and the burden of proof on the issue as implied by the rule of law under which the question arises. The court shall determine the existence or nonexistence of the preliminary fact and shall admit or exclude the proffered evidence as required by the rule of law under which the question arises.(b) If a preliminary fact is also a fact in issue in the action:(1) The jury shall not be informed of the court’s determination as to the existence or nonexistence of the preliminary fact.(2) If the proffered evidence is admitted, the jury shall not be instructed to disregard the evidence if its determination of the fact differs from the court’s determination of the preliminary fact.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 406 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 3 - GENERAL PROVISIONS|CHAPTER 4 - Admitting and Excluding Evidence|ARTICLE 2 - Preliminary Determinations on Admissibility of Evidence|Section 406.

406.  This article does not limit the right of a party to introduce before the trier of fact evidence relevant to weight or credibility.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 500 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 500.

500.  Except as otherwise provided by law, a party has the burden of proof as to each fact the existence or nonexistence of which is essential to the claim for relief or defense that he is asserting.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 501 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 501.

501.  Insofar as any statute, except Section 522, assigns the burden of proof in a criminal action, such statute is subject to Penal Code Section 1096.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 502 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 502.

502.  The court on all proper occasions shall instruct the jury as to which party bears the burden of proof on each issue and as to whether that burden requires that a party raise a reasonable doubt concerning the existence or nonexistence of a fact or that he establish the existence or nonexistence of a fact by a preponderance of the evidence, by clear and convincing proof, or by proof beyond a reasonable doubt.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 520 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 2 - Burden of Proof on Specific Issues|Section 520.

520.  The party claiming that a person is guilty of crime or wrongdoing has the burden of proof on that issue.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 521 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 2 - Burden of Proof on Specific Issues|Section 521.

521.  The party claiming that a person did not exercise a requisite degree of care has the burden of proof on that issue.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 522 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 2 - Burden of Proof on Specific Issues|Section 522.

522.  The party claiming that any person, including himself, is or was insane has the burden of proof on that issue.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 523 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 2 - Burden of Proof on Specific Issues|Section 523.

523.  In any action where the state is a party, regardless of who is the moving party, where (a) the boundary of land patented or otherwise granted by the state is in dispute, or (b) the validity of any state patent or grant dated prior to 1950 is in dispute, the state shall have the burden of proof on all issues relating to the historic locations of rivers, streams, and other water bodies and the authority of the state in issuing the patent or grant.This section is not intended to nor shall it be construed to supersede existing statutes governing disputes where the state is a party and regarding title to real property.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 128, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Ev Code § 524 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 1 - Burden of Proof|ARTICLE 2 - Burden of Proof on Specific Issues|Section 524.

524.  (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in a civil proceeding to which the State Board of Equalization is a party, that board shall have the burden of proof by clear and convincing evidence in sustaining its assertion of a penalty for intent to evade or fraud against a taxpayer, with respect to any factual issue relevant to ascertaining the liability of a taxpayer.(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to override any requirement for a taxpayer to substantiate any item on a return or claim filed with the State Board of Equalization.(c) Nothing in this section shall subject a taxpayer to unreasonable search or access to records in violation of the United States Constitution, the California Constitution, or any other law.(d) For purposes of this section, “taxpayer” includes a person on whom fees administered by the State Board of Equalization are imposed.(Added by Stats. 2010, Ch. 168, Sec. 1. (AB 2195) Effective January 1, 2011.)
CA Ev Code § 600 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 600.

600.  (a) A presumption is an assumption of fact that the law requires to be made from another fact or group of facts found or otherwise established in the action. A presumption is not evidence.(b) An inference is a deduction of fact that may logically and reasonably be drawn from another fact or group of facts found or otherwise established in the action.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 601 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 601.

601.  A presumption is either conclusive or rebuttable. Every rebuttable presumption is either (a) a presumption affecting the burden of producing evidence or (b) a presumption affecting the burden of proof.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 602 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 602.

602.  A statute providing that a fact or group of facts is prima facie evidence of another fact establishes a rebuttable presumption.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 603 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 603.

603.  A presumption affecting the burden of producing evidence is a presumption established to implement no public policy other than to facilitate the determination of the particular action in which the presumption is applied.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 604 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 604.

604.  The effect of a presumption affecting the burden of producing evidence is to require the trier of fact to assume the existence of the presumed fact unless and until evidence is introduced which would support a finding of its nonexistence, in which case the trier of fact shall determine the existence or nonexistence of the presumed fact from the evidence and without regard to the presumption. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the drawing of any inference that may be appropriate.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 605 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 605.

605.  A presumption affecting the burden of proof is a presumption established to implement some public policy other than to facilitate the determination of the particular action in which the presumption is applied, such as the policy in favor of establishment of a parent and child relationship, the validity of marriage, the stability of titles to property, or the security of those who entrust themselves or their property to the administration of others.(Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 1244.)
CA Ev Code § 606 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 606.

606.  The effect of a presumption affecting the burden of proof is to impose upon the party against whom it operates the burden of proof as to the nonexistence of the presumed fact.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 607 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 1 - General|Section 607.

607.  When a presumption affecting the burden of proof operates in a criminal action to establish presumptively any fact that is essential to the defendant’s guilt, the presumption operates only if the facts that give rise to the presumption have been found or otherwise established beyond a reasonable doubt and, in such case, the defendant need only raise a reasonable doubt as to the existence of the presumed fact.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 620 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 2 - Conclusive Presumptions|Section 620.

620.  The presumptions established by this article, and all other presumptions declared by law to be conclusive, are conclusive presumptions.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 622 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 2 - Conclusive Presumptions|Section 622.

622.  The facts recited in a written instrument are conclusively presumed to be true as between the parties thereto, or their successors in interest; but this rule does not apply to the recital of a consideration.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 623 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 2 - Conclusive Presumptions|Section 623.

623.  Whenever a party has, by his own statement or conduct, intentionally and deliberately led another to believe a particular thing true and to act upon such belief, he is not, in any litigation arising out of such statement or conduct, permitted to contradict it.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 624 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 2 - Conclusive Presumptions|Section 624.

624.  A tenant is not permitted to deny the title of his landlord at the time of the commencement of the relation.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 630 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 630.

630.  The presumptions established by this article, and all other rebuttable presumptions established by law that fall within the criteria of Section 603, are presumptions affecting the burden of producing evidence.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 631 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 631.

631.  Money delivered by one to another is presumed to have been due to the latter.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 632 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 632.

632.  A thing delivered by one to another is presumed to have belonged to the latter.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 633 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 633.

633.  An obligation delivered up to the debtor is presumed to have been paid.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 634 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 634.

634.  A person in possession of an order on himself for the payment of money, or delivery of a thing, is presumed to have paid the money or delivered the thing accordingly.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 635 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 635.

635.  An obligation possessed by the creditor is presumed not to have been paid.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 636 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 636.

636.  The payment of earlier rent or installments is presumed from a receipt for later rent or installments.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 637 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 637.

637.  The things which a person possesses are presumed to be owned by him.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 638 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 638.

638.  A person who exercises acts of ownership over property is presumed to be the owner of it.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 639 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 639.

639.  A judgment, when not conclusive, is presumed to correctly determine or set forth the rights of the parties, but there is no presumption that the facts essential to the judgment have been correctly determined.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 640 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 640.

640.  A writing is presumed to have been truly dated.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 641 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 641.

641.  A letter correctly addressed and properly mailed is presumed to have been received in the ordinary course of mail.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 642 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 642.

642.  A trustee or other person, whose duty it was to convey real property to a particular person, is presumed to have actually conveyed to him when such presumption is necessary to perfect title of such person or his successor in interest.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 643 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 643.

643.  A deed or will or other writing purporting to create, terminate, or affect an interest in real or personal property is presumed to be authentic if it:(a) Is at least 30 years old;(b) Is in such condition as to create no suspicion concerning its authenticity;(c) Was kept, or if found was found, in a place where such writing, if authentic, would be likely to be kept or found; and(d) Has been generally acted upon as authentic by persons having an interest in the matter.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 644 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 644.

644.  A book, purporting to be printed or published by public authority, is presumed to have been so printed or published.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 645 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 645.

645.  A book, purporting to contain reports of cases adjudged in the tribunals of the state or nation where the book is published, is presumed to contain correct reports of such cases.(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
CA Ev Code § 645.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Evidence Code - EVID|DIVISION 5 - BURDEN OF PROOF; BURDEN OF PRODUCING EVIDENCE; PRESUMPTIONS AND INFERENCES|CHAPTER 3 - Presumptions and Inferences|ARTICLE 3 - Presumptions Affecting the Burden of Producing Evidence|Section 645.1.

645.1.  Printed materials, purporting to be a particular newspaper or periodical, are presumed to be that newspaper or periodical if regularly issued at average intervals not exceeding three months.(Added by Stats. 1986, Ch. 330, Sec. 1.)