reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MT Code § 35-2-448 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-448. Mandatory indemnification

  35-2-448. Mandatory indemnification. Unless limited by its articles of incorporation, a corporation shall indemnify a director who was wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which the director was a party because the individual is or was a director of the corporation, against reasonable expenses actually incurred by the director in connection with the proceeding.   History: En. Sec. 103, Ch. 411, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1282, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 35-2-449 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-449. Advance for expenses

  35-2-449. Advance for expenses. (1) A corporation may pay for or reimburse the reasonable expenses incurred by a director who is a party to a proceeding in advance of final disposition of the proceeding if:   (a) the director furnishes the corporation with a written affirmation of the director's good faith belief that the director has met the standard of conduct described in 35-2-447;   (b) the director furnishes the corporation with a written undertaking, executed personally or on the director's behalf, to repay the advance if it is ultimately determined that the director did not meet the standard of conduct; and   (c) a determination is made that the facts then known to those making the determination would not preclude indemnification under 35-2-446 through 35-2-454.   (2) The undertaking required by subsection (1)(b) must be an unlimited general obligation of the director but need not be secured and may be accepted without reference to financial ability to make repayment.   (3) Determinations and authorizations of payments under this section must be made in the manner specified in 35-2-451.   History: En. Sec. 104, Ch. 411, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1283, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 35-2-450 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-450. Court-ordered indemnification

  35-2-450. Court-ordered indemnification. Unless limited by a corporation's articles of incorporation, a director of the corporation who is a party to a proceeding may apply for indemnification to the court conducting the proceeding or to another court of competent jurisdiction. On receipt of an application, the court, after giving any notice the court considers necessary, may order indemnification in the amount it considers proper if it determines that the director:   (1) is entitled to mandatory indemnification under 35-2-448, in which case the court shall also order the corporation to pay the director's reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification; or   (2) is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances, whether or not the director met the standard of conduct set forth in 35-2-447(1) or was adjudged liable as described in 35-2-447(4). If the director was adjudged liable, indemnification is limited to reasonable expenses incurred.   History: En. Sec. 105, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-451 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-451. Determination and authorization of indemnification

  35-2-451. Determination and authorization of indemnification. (1) A corporation may not indemnify a director under 35-2-447 unless it is authorized in the specific case after a determination has been made that indemnification of the director is permissible in the circumstances because the director has met the standard of conduct set forth in 35-2-447.   (2) The determination must be made:   (a) by the board of directors by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors not at the time parties to the proceeding;   (b) if a quorum cannot be obtained under subsection (2)(a), by majority vote of a committee designated by the board of directors consisting solely of two or more directors not at the time parties to the proceeding;   (c) by special legal counsel:   (i) selected by the board of directors or its committee in the manner prescribed in subsection (2)(a) or (2)(b); or   (ii) if a quorum of the board cannot be obtained under subsection (2)(a) and a committee cannot be designated under subsection (2)(b), selected by majority vote of the full board, in which selected directors who are parties may participate; or   (d) by the members of a mutual benefit corporation. However, directors who are at the time parties to the proceeding may not vote on the determination.   (3) Authorization of indemnification and evaluation as to reasonableness of expenses must be made in the same manner as the determination that indemnification is permissible, except that if the determination is made by special legal counsel, authorization of indemnification and evaluation as to reasonableness of expenses must be made by those entitled under subsection (2)(c) to select counsel.   (4) A director of a public benefit corporation may not be indemnified until 20 days after the effective date of written notice to the attorney general of the proposed indemnification.   History: En. Sec. 106, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-452 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-452. Indemnification of officers, employees, and agents

  35-2-452. Indemnification of officers, employees, and agents. Unless limited by a corporation's articles of incorporation:   (1) an officer of the corporation who is not a director is entitled to mandatory indemnification under 35-2-448 and is entitled to apply for court-ordered indemnification under 35-2-450 to the same extent as a director;   (2) the corporation may indemnify and advance expenses under 35-2-446 through 35-2-454 to an officer, employee, or agent of the corporation who is not a director to the same extent as to a director; and   (3) a corporation may also indemnify and advance expenses to an officer, employee, or agent who is not a director to the extent, consistent with public policy, that may be provided by its articles of incorporation, bylaws, general or specific action of its board of directors, or contract.   History: En. Sec. 107, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-453 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-453. Insurance

  35-2-453. Insurance. A corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of an individual who is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation or who, while a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, or agent of another foreign or domestic business or nonprofit corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other enterprise against liability asserted against or incurred by the individual in that capacity or arising from the individual's status as a director, officer, employee, or agent, whether or not the corporation would have power to indemnify the individual against the same liability under 35-2-447 or 35-2-448.   History: En. Sec. 108, Ch. 411, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1284, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 35-2-454 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 4. Directors and Officers -- Indemnification|35-2-454. Application

  35-2-454. Application. (1) A provision treating a corporation's indemnification of or advance for expenses to directors that is contained in its articles of incorporation, its bylaws, a resolution of its members or board of directors, a contract, or other instrument is valid only if and to the extent the provision is consistent with 35-2-446 through 35-2-454. If articles of incorporation limit indemnification or advance for expenses, indemnification and advance for expenses are valid only to the extent consistent with the articles.   (2) Sections 35-2-446 through 35-2-454 do not limit a corporation's power to pay or reimburse expenses incurred by a director in connection with appearing as a witness in a proceeding at a time when the director has not been made a named defendant or respondent to the proceeding.   History: En. Sec. 109, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-501 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-501. Repealed

  35-2-501. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 11, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2311(part).
MT Code § 35-2-502 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-502. Repealed

  35-2-502. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 13, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2313.
MT Code § 35-2-503 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-503. Repealed

  35-2-503. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 14, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2314.
MT Code § 35-2-504 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-504. Repealed

  35-2-504. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 16, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2316.
MT Code § 35-2-505 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-505. Repealed

  35-2-505. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 91, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2391(part).
MT Code § 35-2-506 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-506. Repealed

  35-2-506. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 93, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2393(part).
MT Code § 35-2-507 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-507. Repealed

  35-2-507. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 15, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2315(part); amd. Sec. 6, Ch. 202, L. 1979.
MT Code § 35-2-508 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-508. Repealed

  35-2-508. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 15, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2315(part).
MT Code § 35-2-509 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-509. Repealed

  35-2-509. Repealed. Sec. 174, Ch. 411, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 25, Ch. 198, L. 1967; R.C.M. 1947, 15-2325.
MT Code § 35-2-510 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-510. Admission

  35-2-510. Admission. (1) The articles or bylaws may establish criteria or procedures for admission of members.   (2) A person may not be admitted as a member without the person's consent.   History: En. Sec. 39, Ch. 411, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 1285, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 35-2-511 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-511. Consideration

  35-2-511. Consideration. Except as provided in its articles or bylaws, a corporation may admit members for no consideration or for consideration determined by the board.   History: En. Sec. 40, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-512 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-512. No requirement of members

  35-2-512. No requirement of members. A corporation is not required to have members.   History: En. Sec. 41, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-513 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-513. Differences in rights and obligations of members

  35-2-513. Differences in rights and obligations of members. All members have the same rights and obligations with respect to voting, dissolution, redemption, and transfer unless the articles or bylaws establish classes of membership with different rights or obligations. All members have the same rights and obligations with respect to any other matters, except as set forth in or authorized by the articles or bylaws.   History: En. Sec. 42, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-514 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-514. Transfers

  35-2-514. Transfers. (1) Except as set forth in or authorized by the articles or bylaws, a member of a mutual benefit corporation may not transfer a membership or any right arising from a membership.   (2) A member of a public benefit or religious corporation may not transfer a membership or any right arising from a membership.   (3) When transfer rights have been provided, a restriction on them is not binding on a member holding a membership issued prior to the adoption of the restriction unless the restriction is approved by the members and the affected member.   History: En. Sec. 43, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-515 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-515. reserved

  35-2-515 reserved.
MT Code § 35-2-516 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-516. Member's liability to third parties

  35-2-516. Member's liability to third parties. A member of a corporation is not, as a member, personally liable for the acts, debts, liabilities, or obligations of the corporation.   History: En. Sec. 44, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-517 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-517. Member's liability for dues, assessments, and fees

  35-2-517. Member's liability for dues, assessments, and fees. A member may become liable to the corporation for dues, assessments, or fees. However, an article or bylaw provision or a resolution adopted by the board authorizing or imposing dues, assessments, or fees does not, of itself, create liability.   History: En. Sec. 45, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-518 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-518. Creditor's action against member

  35-2-518. Creditor's action against member. (1) A proceeding may not be brought by a creditor to reach the liability, if any, of a member to the corporation unless final judgment has been rendered in favor of the creditor against the corporation and execution has been returned unsatisfied in whole or in part or unless further proceeding would be useless.   (2) All creditors of the corporation, with or without reducing their claims to judgment, may intervene in any creditor's proceeding brought under subsection (1) to reach and apply unpaid amounts due the corporation. Any or all members who owe amounts to the corporation may be joined in the proceeding.   History: En. Sec. 46, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-519 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-519. Resignation

  35-2-519. Resignation. (1) A member may resign at any time.   (2) The resignation of a member does not relieve the member from any obligations the member may have to the corporation as a result of obligations incurred or commitments made prior to resignation.   History: En. Sec. 47, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-520 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-520. Termination, expulsion, and suspension

  35-2-520. Termination, expulsion, and suspension. (1) A member of a public benefit corporation or mutual benefit corporation may not be expelled or suspended and membership in these corporations may not be terminated or suspended except pursuant to a procedure that is fair and reasonable and is carried out in good faith.   (2) A procedure is fair and reasonable when either:   (a) the articles or bylaws set forth a procedure that provides:   (i) not less than 15 days' prior written notice of the expulsion, suspension, or termination and the reasons for it; and   (ii) an opportunity for the member to be heard, orally or in writing, not less than 5 days before the effective date of the expulsion, suspension, or termination by a person or persons authorized to decide that the proposed expulsion, termination, or suspension not take place; or   (b) it takes into consideration all relevant facts and circumstances.   (3) (a) Except as provided in subsection (3)(b), a written notice given by mail must be given by first-class or certified mail sent to the last address of the member shown on the corporation's records.   (b) Written notice may be given to any authenticated electronic identification as shown on the corporation's records.   (4) A proceeding that challenges an expulsion, suspension, or termination, including a proceeding in which defective notice is alleged, must be commenced within 1 year after the effective date of the expulsion, suspension, or termination.   (5) A member who has been expelled or suspended may be liable to the corporation for dues, assessments, or fees as a result of obligations incurred or commitments made prior to the expulsion or suspension.   History: En. Sec. 48, Ch. 411, L. 1991; amd. Sec. 5, Ch. 190, L. 2013.
MT Code § 35-2-521 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-521. reserved

  35-2-521 reserved.
MT Code § 35-2-522 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-522. Purchase of memberships

  35-2-522. Purchase of memberships. (1) A public benefit corporation or religious corporation may not purchase any of its memberships or any right arising from membership.   (2) A mutual benefit corporation may purchase the membership of a member who resigns or whose membership is terminated for the amount and pursuant to the conditions set forth in or authorized by its articles or bylaws. A payment may not be made in violation of 35-2-1401 and 35-2-1402.   History: En. Sec. 49, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-523 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-523. reserved

  35-2-523 reserved.
MT Code § 35-2-524 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-524. Delegates

  35-2-524. Delegates. (1) A corporation may provide in its articles or bylaws for delegates who have some or all of the authority of members.   (2) The articles or bylaws may set forth provisions relating to:   (a) the characteristics, qualifications, rights, limitations, and obligations of delegates including their selection and removal;   (b) calling, noticing, holding, and conducting meetings of delegates; and   (c) carrying on corporate activities during and between meetings of delegates.   History: En. Sec. 57, Ch. 411, L. 1991.
MT Code § 35-2-525 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2. Nonprofit Corporations|Part 5. Members -- Delegates -- Voting|35-2-525. Homeowners association -- remote meetings

  35-2-525. Homeowners association -- remote meetings. (1) Unless the terms of the articles of incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise, a homeowners' association or an association of unit owners may hold a meeting by remote means.  (2) For the purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:   (a) "Association of unit owners" has the meaning provided in 70-23-102, except that the unit owners do not have to have submitted their property to the provisions of Title 70, chapter 23, and the association is organized under the provisions of Title 35, chapter 2.   (b) "Homeowners' association" means a corporation organized under the provisions of Title 35, chapter 2, that is responsible for the operation of a community or a mobile home subdivision in which:   (i) the voting membership is made up of parcel owners or their agents, or a combination of parcel owners and their agents;   (ii) membership is a mandatory condition of parcel ownership; and   (iii) the corporation is authorized to impose assessments that, if unpaid, may become a lien on the parcel.   (c) "Remote means" includes telephone audio, teleconference, or videoconference.   History: En. Sec. 1, Ch. 185, L. 2021.