reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
ID Code § 44-2704 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 44 - LABOR|Chapter 27 - AGREEMENTS AND COVENANTS PROTECTING LEGITIMATE BUSINESS INTERESTS|Section 44-2704 - RESTRICTION OF DIRECT COMPETITION — REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTIONS.

44-2704. RESTRICTION OF DIRECT COMPETITION — REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTIONS. (1) Under no circumstances shall a provision of such agreement or covenant, as set forth herein, establish a postemployment restriction of direct competition that exceeds a period of eighteen (18) months from the time of the key employee’s or key independent contractor’s termination unless consideration, in addition to employment or continued employment, is given to a key employee or key independent contractor. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to limit a party’s ability to otherwise protect trade secrets or other information deemed proprietary or confidential. (2) It shall be a rebuttable presumption that an agreement or covenant with a postemployment term of eighteen (18) months or less is reasonable as to duration. (3) It shall be a rebuttable presumption that an agreement or covenant is reasonable as to geographic area if it is restricted to the geographic areas in which the key employee or key independent contractor provided services or had a significant presence or influence. (4) It shall be a rebuttable presumption that an agreement or covenant is reasonable as to type of employment or line of business if it is limited to the type of employment or line of business conducted by the key employee or key independent contractor, as defined in section 44-2702, Idaho Code, while working for the employer. (5) It shall be a rebuttable presumption that an employee or independent contractor who is among the highest paid five percent (5%) of the employer’s employees or independent contractors is a "key employee" or a "key independent contractor." To rebut such presumption, an employee or independent contractor must show that it has no ability to adversely affect the employer’s legitimate business interests.  History: [44-2704, added 2008, ch. 295, sec. 1, p. 824; am. 2016, ch. 281, sec. 1, p. 779; am. 2018, ch. 349, sec. 2, p. 823.]
ID Code § 45-101 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-101 - LIENS DEFINED.

45-101. LIENS DEFINED. A lien is a charge imposed in some mode other than by a transfer in trust upon specific property by which it is made security for the performance of an act.  History: [(45-101) R.S., sec. 3325; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3373; C.S., sec. 6340; I.C.A., sec. 44-101.]
ID Code § 45-102 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-102 - GENERAL AND SPECIAL LIENS.

45-102. GENERAL AND SPECIAL LIENS. Liens are either general or special.  History: [(45-102) R.S., sec. 3326; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3374; C.S., sec. 6341; I.C.A., sec. 44-102.]
ID Code § 45-103 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-103 - GENERAL LIEN DEFINED.

45-103. GENERAL LIEN DEFINED. A general lien is one which the holder thereof is entitled to enforce as a security for the performance of all the obligations, or all of a particular class of obligations, which exist in his favor against the owner of the property.  History: [(45-103) R.S., sec. 3327; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3375; C.S., sec. 6342; I.C.A., sec. 44-103.]
ID Code § 45-104 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-104 - SPECIAL LIEN DEFINED.

45-104. SPECIAL LIEN DEFINED. A special lien is one which the holder thereof can enforce only as security for the performance of a particular act or obligation, and of such obligations as may be incidental thereto.  History: [(45-104) R.S., sec. 3328; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3376; C.S., sec. 6343; I.C.A., sec. 44-104.]
ID Code § 45-105 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-105 - SATISFACTION OF PRIOR LIEN.

45-105. SATISFACTION OF PRIOR LIEN. Where the holder of a special lien is compelled to satisfy a prior lien for his own protection, he may enforce payment of the amount so paid by him, as a part of the claim for which his own lien exists.  History: [(45-105) R.S., sec. 3329; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3377; C.S., sec. 6344; I.C.A., sec. 44-105.]
ID Code § 45-106 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-106 - CONTRACTS SUBJECT TO THIS CHAPTER.

45-106. CONTRACTS SUBJECT TO THIS CHAPTER. Contracts of mortgage of real property are subject to all the provisions of this chapter.  History: [(45-106) R.S., sec. 3330; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3378; C.S., sec. 6345; I.C.A., sec. 44-106; am. 1967, ch. 272, sec. 9, p. 745.]
ID Code § 45-107 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-107 - LIEN ON FUTURE INTEREST.

45-107. LIEN ON FUTURE INTEREST. An agreement may be made to create a lien upon property not yet acquired by the party agreeing to give the lien, or not yet in existence. In such case the lien agreed for attaches from the time when the party agreeing to give it acquires an interest in the thing, to the extent of said interest.  History: [(45-107) R.S., sec. 3331; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3379; C.S., sec. 6346; I.C.A., sec. 44-107.]
ID Code § 45-108 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-108 - LIEN FOR PERFORMANCE OF FUTURE OBLIGATIONS — VALIDITY — PRIORITY.

45-108. LIEN FOR PERFORMANCE OF FUTURE OBLIGATIONS — VALIDITY — PRIORITY. A lien may be created by contract, to take immediate effect, as security for the performance of obligations not then in existence, which lien, if not invalid on other grounds, shall be valid as against all persons. The validity of such contracts and liens as security for any obligation is not affected as against any person by the fact that the contract does not specify, describe or limit the obligations to be secured as to purpose, nature, time, or amount of the obligations to be secured. All such liens, if otherwise valid, are valid against and prior and superior to all rights, liens and claims acquired by other persons in the property subject thereto after the contract creating such liens was made, except in cases where the person in whose favor the obligation secured by such lien was created, had actual notice of the existence of such subsequent right, lien or claim at the time such obligation was created, and are prior and superior to such subsequent rights, liens or claims irrespective of such or any notice in the following cases: 1. Where the person, in whose favor the obligation secured thereby was created, was legally bound to make the advance or give the consideration resulting in such obligation. 2. Where the consideration for such obligation was necessarily and actually applied to the maintenance and/or preservation of the property subject to the lien. Making the advance or giving the consideration to result in an obligation not in existence at the time such a contract creating a lien to secure the same is made, is optional with the person making the advance or giving the consideration unless he is bound by an express contract to the contrary which shall not be implied from the fact that the contract to secure such obligation was made. Obligations otherwise within the limits and description of those specified in any contract creating a lien to secure the performance of obligations not then in existence, but created in favor of any person to whom the original party to be secured by the lien created by such contract has transferred such contract, shall also be secured thereby in like manner as similar obligations between the original parties thereto. Contracts of mortgage of real property are subject to all the provisions of this section as amended.  History: [(45-108) R.S., sec. 3332; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3380; C.S., sec. 6347; am. 1929, ch. 255, sec. 1, p. 520; I.C.A., sec. 44-108; am. 1955, ch. 145, sec. 1, p. 286; am. 1967, ch. 272, sec. 10, p. 745.]
ID Code § 45-109 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-109 - LIEN TRANSFERS NO TITLE.

45-109. LIEN TRANSFERS NO TITLE. Notwithstanding an agreement to the contrary, a lien, or a contract for a lien, transfers no title to the property subject to the lien.  History: [(45-109) R.S., sec. 3333; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3381; C.S., sec. 6348; I.C.A., sec. 44-109.]
ID Code § 45-110 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-110 - CONTRACTS FOR FORFEITURE VOID.

45-110. CONTRACTS FOR FORFEITURE VOID. All contracts for the forfeiture of property subject to a lien, in satisfaction of the obligation secured thereby, and all contracts in restraint of the right of redemption from a lien, are void.  History: [(45-110) R.S., sec. 3334; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3382; C.S., sec. 6349; I.C.A., sec. 44-110.]
ID Code § 45-111 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-111 - PERSONAL OBLIGATION NOT IMPLIED.

45-111. PERSONAL OBLIGATION NOT IMPLIED. The creation of a lien does not of itself imply that any person is bound to perform the act for which the lien is a security.  History: [(45-111) R.S., sec. 3335; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3383; C.S., sec. 6350; I.C.A., sec. 44-111.]
ID Code § 45-112 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-112 - PRIORITY OF PURCHASE MONEY MORTGAGE.

45-112. PRIORITY OF PURCHASE MONEY MORTGAGE. A mortgage given for the price of real property, at the time of its conveyance, has priority over all other liens created against the purchaser, subject to the operation of the recording laws.  History: [(45-112) R.S., sec. 3336; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3384; C.S., sec. 6351; I.C.A., sec. 44-112.]
ID Code § 45-113 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-113 - RIGHT TO REDEEM FROM LIEN.

45-113. RIGHT TO REDEEM FROM LIEN. Every person, having an interest in property subject to a lien, has a right to redeem it from the lien, at any time after the claim is due, and before his right of redemption is foreclosed.  History: [(45-113) R.S., sec. 3337; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3385; C.S., sec. 6352; I.C.A., sec. 44-113.]
ID Code § 45-114 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-114 - RIGHTS OF JUNIOR LIENOR.

45-114. RIGHTS OF JUNIOR LIENOR. One who has a lien inferior to another, upon the same property, has a right: 1. To redeem the property in the same manner as its owner might, from the superior lien; and, 2. To be subrogated to all the benefits of the superior lien, when necessary for the protection of his interests upon satisfying the claim secured thereby.  History: [(45-114) R.S., sec. 3338; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3386; C.S., sec. 6353; I.C.A., sec. 44-114.]
ID Code § 45-115 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-115 - RESTORATION EXTINGUISHES LIEN.

45-115. RESTORATION EXTINGUISHES LIEN. The voluntary restoration of property to its owner by the holder of a lien thereon, dependent upon possession, extinguishes the lien as to such property, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, and extinguishes it notwithstanding any such agreement, as to creditors of the owner and persons subsequently acquiring a title to the property, or a lien thereon, in good faith and for a good consideration.  History: [(45-115) R.S., sec. 3339; reen. R.C. & C.L., sec. 3387; C.S., sec. 6354; I.C.A., sec. 44-115.]
ID Code § 45-116 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 1 - LIENS IN GENERAL|Section 45-116 - EFFECT OF MODIFICATION ON PRIORITY OF LIEN.

45-116. EFFECT OF MODIFICATION ON PRIORITY OF LIEN. (1) The lien of a mortgage and its priority shall not be affected by provisions in the mortgage instrument or in the note or other agreement evidencing the obligation that the mortgage secures, or by the exercise of such provisions by the mortgagee: (a) which provide for the renegotiation or adjustment of the interest rate at designated intervals, the effect of which may be to increase or decrease the number of periodic payments to be made, or extend or shorten the terms of payment, or both; or (b) which results in an increase in the underlying mortgage obligation during a portion of the designated term of the mortgage because of deferment of all or a portion of interest payments and the addition of such payments to the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage. The mortgagee may issue new notes at designated intervals during the term of the mortgage to reflect the modifications described herein. (2) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section shall apply where the terms of the obligation provide that the interest rate, payment terms, or balance due on the loan may be indexed, adjusted, renewed or renegotiated and the mortgage instrument received for recordation discloses that fact. (3) As used in this section, the term "mortgage" includes deed of trust.  History: [45-116, added 1982, ch. 245, sec. 1, p. 632.]
ID Code § 45-201 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-201 - SCOPE.

45-201. SCOPE. This chapter applies only to federal tax liens and to other federal liens notices of which under any act of congress or any regulation adopted pursuant thereto are required or permitted to be filed in the same manner as notices of federal tax liens.  History: [45-201, added 1979, ch. 226, sec. 2, p. 622.]
ID Code § 45-202 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-202 - PLACE OF FILING.

45-202. PLACE OF FILING. (a) Notices of liens, certificates, and other notices affecting federal tax liens or other federal liens must be filed in accordance with this chapter. (b) Notices of liens upon real property for obligations payable to the United States and certificates and notices affecting the liens shall be recorded in the office of the county recorder of the county in which the real property subject to the liens is situated. (c) Notices of federal liens upon personal property, whether tangible or intangible, for obligations payable to the United States and certificates and notices affecting the liens shall be filed or recorded as follows: (1) If the person against whose interest the lien applies is a corporation or a partnership whose principal executive office is in this state, as these entities are defined in the internal revenue laws of the United States, in the office of the secretary of state; (2) If the person against whose interest the lien applies is a trust that is not covered by paragraph (1) of this subsection, in the office of the secretary of state; (3) If the person against whose interest the lien applies is the estate of a decedent, in the office of the secretary of state; (4) In all other cases, in the office of the county recorder of the county where the person against whose interest the lien applies resides at the time of filing of the notice of lien.  History: [45-202, added 1979, ch. 226, sec. 2, p. 622; am. 1992, ch. 156, sec. 1, p. 510.]
ID Code § 45-203 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-203 - EXECUTION OF NOTICES AND CERTIFICATES.

45-203. EXECUTION OF NOTICES AND CERTIFICATES. Certification of notices of liens, certificates, or other notices affecting federal liens by the secretary of the treasury of the United States or his delegate, or by any official or entity of the United States responsible for filing or certifying of notice of any other lien, entitles them to be filed and no other attestation, certification, or acknowledgement is necessary.  History: [45-203, added 1979, ch. 226, sec. 2, p. 622.]
ID Code § 45-204 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-204 - DUTIES OF FILING OFFICER.

45-204. DUTIES OF FILING OFFICER. (a) If a notice of federal lien, certificate or other notice affecting a federal lien is presented to the secretary of state, he shall file it in the same manner as if it were an equivalent document filed under part 4, chapter 9, title 28, Idaho Code. (b) For purposes of the foregoing subsection (a), the following equivalencies between notices filed under this chapter and documents filed under part 4, chapter 9, title 28, Idaho Code, shall apply: (1) Notice of federal lien: financing statement; (2) Refiling of notice of federal lien: continuation statement; (3) Certificate of discharge or subordination: release; and (4) Certificate of release or nonattachment: termination statement. (c) If a notice of federal lien, certificate or other notice affecting a federal lien is presented to the county recorder, he shall record it in the general lien records. (d) Upon the request of any person, the filing officer shall issue his certificate showing whether there is on file, on the date and hour stated therein, any notice of lien or certificate or notice affecting any lien filed under this chapter for which the refiling period established by federal law has not passed without a refiling of notice, naming a particular person, and if a notice or certificate is on file, giving the date and hour of filing of each notice or certificate. Upon request, the filing officer shall furnish a copy of any notice of federal lien, or notice or certificate affecting a federal lien. If the filing officer is the secretary of state, the fees for such certificate and copies shall be fixed by administrative rule. If the filing officer is the county recorder, the fees shall be as set forth in section 31-3205, Idaho Code. (e) The secretary of state may by administrative rule provide for publication of a list of those notices of federal lien filed in his office which the filing federal agency has identified as relating to agricultural crops.  History: [45-204, added 1992, ch. 156, sec. 3, p. 510.]
ID Code § 45-205 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-205 - FEES.

45-205. FEES. (a) If the filing officer is the secretary of state, the fee for filing each notice of lien or certificate or notice affecting the lien is six dollars ($6.00), except that there shall be no fee for a certificate of release or nonattachment. (b) If the filing officer is the county recorder, the fee for recording each notice of lien or certificate or notice affecting the lien is the standard recording fee in section 31-3205, Idaho Code. (c) The filing officer may bill the district directors of internal revenue or other appropriate federal officials on a monthly basis for fees for documents filed by them.  History: [45-205, added 1992, ch. 156, sec. 4, p. 511.]
ID Code § 45-206 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-206 - UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION.

45-206. UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION. This chapter shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this chapter among states enacting it.  History: [45-206, added 1979, ch. 226, sec. 2, p. 623.]
ID Code § 45-207 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 2 - UNIFORM FEDERAL LIEN REGISTRATIONS|Section 45-207 - SHORT TITLE.

45-207. SHORT TITLE. This chapter may be cited as the "Uniform Federal Lien Registration Law."  History: [45-207, added 1979, ch. 226, sec. 2, p. 623.]
ID Code § 45-301 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 3 - LIENS IN CROPS|Section 45-301 - PURPOSE AND SCOPE.

45-301. PURPOSE AND SCOPE. (1) The purpose of this chapter is to provide a unified system for creation of liens and to provide notice of claims of liens in farm crops. (2) The scope of this chapter is limited to liens in the crops of producers, and such liens are limited in amount to the value of the seeds or labor used in the production of the crops, plus expenses incurred in obtaining recovery pursuant to this chapter.  History: [45-301, added 1989, ch. 359, sec. 2, p. 901.]
ID Code § 45-302 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 3 - LIENS IN CROPS|Section 45-302 - DEFINITIONS.

45-302. DEFINITIONS. For the purposes of this chapter: (1) "Buyer" means a person who purchases, on his own behalf or as an agent for others, a crop from a producer. (2) "Claimant" means a provider of seed or farm labor who files a notice of claim of lien in a crop. (3) "Crop year" means the calendar year in which a crop would normally be harvested. (4) "Crops" means products of the soil. As it relates to liens for seed, the term "crops" shall be limited to annual crops. As it relates to liens for farm labor, it shall include annual crops as well as fruits, berries, grapes and nursery products. (5) "Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, or association. (6) "Producer" means a farm operator to whom a claimant has provided seed or farm labor. (7) "Written notice" means information communicated to a person in writing by an authorized person or entity and may include electronic, facsimile, computer or equivalent media.  History: [45-302, added 1989, ch. 359, sec. 2, p. 901; am. 1996, ch. 262, sec. 1, p. 863.]
ID Code § 45-303 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 3 - LIENS IN CROPS|Section 45-303 - FARM LABORER’S LIEN.

45-303. FARM LABORER’S LIEN. (1) Any person who performs farm labor on a farm in furtherance of production of a crop shall have a lien in the crop for the agreed or reasonable value of the labor. (2) The farm laborer’s lien shall have priority over any security interest in the same crop. (3) A landlord’s interest in a crop produced on premises which are leased in consideration of a share of the crop is not subject to a farm laborer’s lien.  History: [45-303, added 1989, ch. 359, sec. 2, p. 901.]
ID Code § 45-304 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 3 - LIENS IN CROPS|Section 45-304 - SEED LIEN.

45-304. SEED LIEN. (1) Any person who furnishes seed to a producer to be sown or planted on lands owned, rented or otherwise lawfully occupied by the producer, shall have a lien in the crop or crops produced from the seed for the purchase price of the seed. (2) The seed lien shall have priority over any security interest in the same crop, but shall be subordinate to a farm laborer’s lien in the same crop. (3) A landlord’s interest in a crop produced on premises which are leased in consideration of a share of the crop is not subject to a seed lien.  History: [45-304, added 1989, ch. 359, sec. 2, p. 901.]
ID Code § 45-307 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 45 - LIENS, MORTGAGES AND PLEDGES|Chapter 3 - LIENS IN CROPS|Section 45-307 - ATTACHMENT OF LIEN.

45-307. ATTACHMENT OF LIEN. (1) A lien in a crop attaches when a claimant files a notice of claim of lien with the secretary of state. (2) A lien attaches to the crop subject to the lien, to any right or claim arising from any loss or damage to the crop, and to any payment to the producer for the crop from any purchaser thereof.  History: [45-307, added 1989, ch. 359, sec. 2, p. 902; am. 1991, ch. 217, sec. 1, p. 521.]