reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 14-13-112 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 14-13-112. Cooperation Between Courts - Preservation of Records

  A court of this state may request the appropriate court of another state to:   Hold an evidentiary hearing;    Order a person to produce or give evidence pursuant to procedures of that state;    Order that an evaluation be made with respect to the custody or allocation of parental responsibilities with respect to a child involved in a pending proceeding;    Forward to the court of this state a certified copy of the transcript of the record of the hearing, the evidence otherwise presented, and any evaluation prepared in compliance with the request; and    Order a party to a child-custody proceeding or any person having physical custody of the child to appear in the proceeding with or without the child.       Upon request of a court of another state, a court of this state may hold a hearing or enter an order described in subsection (1) of this section.    Travel and other necessary and reasonable expenses incurred under subsections (1) and (2) of this section may be assessed against the parties according to the law of this state.    A court of this state shall preserve the pleadings, orders, decrees, records of hearings, evaluations, and other pertinent records with respect to a child-custody proceeding until the child attains eighteen years of age. Upon appropriate request by a court or law enforcement official of another state, the court shall forward a certified copy of those records.     History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1523, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section is the heart of judicial cooperation provision of this Act. It provides mechanisms for courts to cooperate with each other in order to decide cases in an efficient manner without causing undue expense to the parties. Courts may request assistance from courts of other States and may assist courts of other States.   The provision on the assessment of costs for travel provided in the UCCJA § 19 has been changed. The UCCJA provided that the costs may be assessed against the parties or the State or county. Assessment of costs against a government entity in a case where the government is not involved is inappropriate and therefore that provision has been removed. In addition, if the State is involved as a party, assessment of costs and expenses against the State must be authorized by other law. It should be noted that the term “expenses” means out-of-pocket costs. Overhead costs should not be assessed as expenses.   No other substantive changes have been made. The term “social study” as used in the UCCJA was replaced with the modern term: “custody evaluation.” The Act does not take a position on the admissibility of a custody evaluation that was conducted in another State. It merely authorizes a court to seek assistance of, or render assistance to, a court of another State.   This section combines the text of Sections 19-22 of the UCCJA.
CO Code § 14-13-210 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 2 - Jurisdiction|§ 14-13-210. Appearance of Parties and Child

  In a child-custody proceeding in this state, the court may order a party to the proceeding who is in this state to appear before the court in person with or without the child. The court may order any person who is in this state and who has physical custody or control of the child to appear in person with the child.    If a party to a child-custody proceeding whose presence is desired by the court is outside this state, the court may order that a notice given pursuant to section 14-13-108 include a statement directing the party to appear in person with or without the child and informing the party that failure to appear may result in a decision adverse to the party.    The court may enter any orders necessary to ensure the safety of the child and of any person ordered to appear under this section.    If a party to a child-custody proceeding who is outside this state is directed to appear under subsection (2) of this section or desires to appear personally before the court with or without the child, the court may require another party to pay reasonable and necessary travel and other expenses of the party so appearing and of the child.     History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1530, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 14-13-112 as it existed prior to 2000.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   No major changes have been made to this section which was Section 11 of the UCCJA. Language was added to subsection (1) to authorize the court to require a non-party who has physical custody of the child to produce the child.   Subsection (3) authorizes the court to enter orders providing for the safety of the child and the person ordered to appear with the child. If safety is a major concern, the court, as an alternative to ordering a party to appear with the child, could order and arrange for the party's testimony to be taken in another State under Section 14-13-111 . This alternative might be important when there are safety concerns regarding requiring victims of domestic violence or child abuse to travel to the jurisdiction where the abuser resides.   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “The Rights of Children and the Crisis in Custody Litigation: Modification of Custody in and out of State”, see 46 U. Colo. L. Rev. 495 (1974-75).
CO Code § 14-13-301 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-301. Definitions

 As used in this part 3, unless the context otherwise requires:    “Petitioner” means a person who seeks enforcement of an order for the return of a child under the “Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction” or enforcement of a child-custody determination.    “Respondent” means a person against whom a proceeding has been commenced for enforcement of an order for the return of a child under the “Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction” or enforcement of a child-custody determination.     History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1530, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   For purposes of this part, “petitioner” and “respondent” are defined. The definitions clarify certain aspects of the notice and hearing sections.
CO Code § 14-13-302 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-302. Enforcement Under Hague Convention

 Under this part 3 a court of this state may enforce an order for the return of the child made under the “Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction” as if it were a child-custody determination.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1531, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section applies the enforcement remedies provided by this part to orders requiring the return of a child issued under the authority of the International Child Abduction Remedies Act (ICARA), 42 U.S.C. § 11601 et seq., implementing the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. Specific mention of ICARA proceedings is necessary because they often occur prior to any formal custody determination. However, the need for a speedy enforcement remedy for an order to return the child is just as necessary.
CO Code § 14-13-304 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-304. Temporary Visitation or Parenting Time

  A court of this state that does not have jurisdiction to modify a child-custody determination may issue a temporary order enforcing:   A visitation or parenting time schedule made by a court of another state; or    The visitation or parenting time provisions of a child-custody determination of another state that does not provide for a specific visitation or parenting time schedule.       If a court of this state makes an order under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of this section, it shall specify in the order a period that it considers adequate to allow the petitioner to obtain an order from a court having jurisdiction under criteria substantially in conformity with those criteria specified in part 2 of this article. The order remains in effect until an order is obtained from the other court or the period expires.     History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1531, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section authorizes a court to issue a temporary order if it is necessary to enforce visitation rights without violating the rules on nonmodification contained in Section 14-13-303 . Therefore, if there is a visitation schedule provided in the custody determination that was made in accordance with Part 2, a court can issue an order under this section implementing the schedule. An implementing order may include make-up or substitute visitation.   A court may also issue a temporary order providing for visitation if visitation was authorized in the custody determination, but no specific schedule was included in the custody determination. Such an order could include a substitution of a specific visitation schedule for “reasonable and seasonable.”   However, a court may not, under subsection (1)(b) provide for a permanent change in visitation. Therefore, requests for a permanent change in the visitation schedule must be addressed to the court with exclusive, continuing jurisdiction under Section 14-13-202 or modification jurisdiction under Section 14-13-203 . As under Section 14-13-204 , subsection (2) of this section requires that the temporary visitation order stay in effect only long enough to allow the person who obtained the order to obtain a permanent modification in the State with appropriate jurisdiction under Part 2.
CO Code § 14-13-306 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-306. Enforcement of Registered Determination

  A court of this state may grant any relief normally available under the law of this state to enforce a registered child-custody determination made by a court of another state.    A court of this state shall recognize and enforce, but may not modify, except in accordance with part 2 of this article, a registered child-custody determination of a court of another state.     History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1533, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former §§ 14-13-115 and 14-13-116 , as they existed prior to 2000.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   A registered child-custody determination can be enforced as if it was a child-custody determination of this State. However, it remains a custody determination of the State that issued it. A registered custody order is not subject to modification unless the State would have jurisdiction to modify the order under Part 2.   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “The Rights of Children and the Crisis in Custody Litigation: Modification of Custody in and out of State”, see 46 U. Colo. L. Rev. 495 (1974-75). For article, “Recovering the Parentally Kidnapped Child”, see 12 Colo. Law. 1798 (1983).   Annotator's note. Section 14-13-306 is similar to §§ 14-13-115 and 14-13-116 as they existed prior to the 2000 repeal and reenactment of this article. Relevant cases construing § 14-13-116 have been included in the annotations to this section. Cases construing § 14-13-115 have been included under § 14-13-203 .   A certified copy of a foreign decree that is introduced into evidence and considered by the jury must be recognized with respect to its effect on defendant's conduct in this state. People v. Haynie, 826 P.2d 371 (Colo. App. 1991).   District court erred in finding that it lacked subject matter jurisdiction to enforce an out-of-state parenting time order. On registering the out-of-state order, the district court was empowered to enforce the order through any remedy normally available under state law, including those outlined in § 14-10-129.5 . In re Parental Responsibilities of W.F-L., 2018 COA 164 , 433 P.3d 168.   Applied in In re Bechard, 40 Colo. App. 516, 577 P.2d 778 (1978).
CO Code § 14-13-307 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-307. Simultaneous Proceedings

 If a proceeding for enforcement under this part 3 is commenced in a court of this state and the court determines that a proceeding to modify the determination is pending in a court of another state having jurisdiction to modify the determination under a provision of law adopted by that state that is in substantial conformity with part 2 of this article, the enforcing court shall immediately communicate with the modifying court. The proceeding for enforcement continues unless the enforcing court, after consultation with the modifying court, stays or dismisses the proceeding.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1533, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 14-13-107 as it existed prior to 2000.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   The pleading rules of Section 14-13-308 , require the parties to disclose any pending proceedings. Normally, an enforcement proceeding will take precedence over a modification action since the PKPA requires enforcement of child custody determinations made in accordance with its terms. However, the enforcement court must communicate with the modification court in order to avoid duplicative litigation. The courts might decide that the court with jurisdiction under Part 2 shall continue with the modification action and stay the enforcement proceeding. Or they might decide that the enforcement proceeding shall go forward. The ultimate decision rests with the court having exclusive, continuing jurisdiction under Section 14-13-202 , or if there is no State with exclusive, continuing jurisdiction, then the decision rests with the State that would have jurisdiction to modify under Section 14-13-203 . Therefore, if that court determines that the enforcement proceeding should be stayed or dismissed, the enforcement court should stay or dismiss the proceeding. If the enforcement court does not do so, the court with exclusive, continuing jurisdiction under Section 14-13-202 , or with modification jurisdiction under Section 14-13-203 , could enjoin the parties from continuing with the enforcement proceeding.   ANNOTATION   Annotator's note. Section 14-13-307 is similar to § 14-13-107 as it existed prior to the 2000 repeal and reenactment of this article. Relevant cases construing § 14-13-107 have been included in the annotations under § 14-13-206 .
CO Code § 14-13-309 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-309. Service of Petition and Order

 Except as otherwise provided in section 14-13-311 , the petition and order must be served, by any method authorized by the law of this state, upon respondent and any person who has physical custody of the child.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1535, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   In keeping with other sections of this Act, the question of how the petition and order should be served is left to local law.
CO Code § 14-13-312 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-312. Costs, Fees, and Expenses

  The court shall award the prevailing party, including a state, necessary and reasonable expenses incurred by or on behalf of the prevailing party, including costs, communication expenses, attorney fees, investigative fees, expenses for witnesses, travel expenses, and child care during the course of the proceedings, unless the party from whom fees or expenses are sought establishes that the award would be clearly inappropriate.    The court may not assess fees, costs, or expenses against a state unless authorized by law other than this article.     History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1536, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section is derived from the International Child Abduction Remedies Act, 42 U.S.C. § 11607(b)(3). Normally the court will award fees and costs against the non-prevailing party. Included as expenses are the amount of investigation fees incurred by private persons or by public officials as well as the cost of child placement during the proceedings.   The non-prevailing party has the burden of showing that such an award would be clearly inappropriate. Fees and costs may be inappropriate if their payment would cause the parent and child to seek public assistance.   This section implements the policies of Section 8(c) of Pub.L. 96-611 (part of the PKPA) which provides that:   In furtherance of the purposes of section 1738A of title 28, United States Code [this section], as added by subsection (1) of this section, State courts are encouraged to --   (2) award to the person entitled to custody or visitation pursuant to a custody determination which is consistent with the provisions of such section 1738A [this section], necessary travel expenses, attorneys' fees, costs of private investigations, witness fees or expenses, and other expenses incurred in connection with such custody determination ... .   The term “prevailing party” is not given a special definition for this Act. Each State will apply its own standard.   Subsection (2) was added to ensure that this section would not apply to the State unless otherwise authorized. The language is taken from UIFSA § 313 (court may assess costs against obligee or support enforcement agency only if allowed by local law).
CO Code § 14-13-313 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-313. Recognition and Enforcement

 A court of this state shall accord full faith and credit to an order issued by another state and consistent with this article that enforces a child-custody determination by a court of another state unless the order has been vacated, stayed, or modified by a court having jurisdiction to do so under a provision of law adopted by that state that is in substantial conformity with part 2 of this article.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1537, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   The enforcement order, to be effective, must also be enforced by other States. This section requires courts of this State to enforce and not modify enforcement orders issued by other States when made consistently with the provisions of this Act.
CO Code § 14-13-314 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 3 - Enforcement|§ 14-13-314. Appeals

 An appeal may be taken from a final order in a proceeding under this part 3 in accordance with expedited appellate procedures in other civil cases. Unless the court enters a temporary emergency order under section 14-13-204 , the enforcing court may not stay an order enforcing a child-custody determination pending appeal.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1537, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   The order may be appealed as an expedited civil matter. An enforcement order should not be stayed by the court. Provisions for a stay would defeat the purpose of having a quick enforcement procedure. If there is a risk of serious mistreatment or abuse to the child, a petition to assume emergency jurisdiction must be filed under Section 14-13-204 . This section leaves intact the possibility of obtaining an extraordinary remedy such as mandamus or prohibition from an appellate court to stay the court's enforcement action. In many States, it is not possible to limit the constitutional authority of appellate courts to issue a stay. However, unless the information before the appellate panel indicates that emergency jurisdiction would be assumed under Section 14-13-204 , there is no reason to stay the enforcement of the order pending appeal.
CO Code § 14-13-401 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 4 - Miscellaneous Provisions|§ 14-13-401. Application and Construction

 In applying and construing this article, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1537, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 14-13-402 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 4 - Miscellaneous Provisions|§ 14-13-402. Severability Clause

 If any provision of this article or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this article that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this article are severable.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1537, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 14-13-403 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act|Part 4 - Miscellaneous Provisions|§ 14-13-403. Transitional Provision

 A motion or other request for relief made in a child-custody proceeding or to enforce a child-custody determination that was commenced before July 1, 2000, is governed by the law in effect at the time the motion or other request was made.   History. Source: L. 2000: Entire article R&RE, p. 1537, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   A child custody proceeding will last throughout the minority of the child. The commencement of a child custody proceeding prior to this Act does not mean that jurisdiction will continued to be governed by prior law. The provisions of this act apply if a motion to modify an existing determination is filed after the enactment of this Act. A motion that is filed prior to enactment may be completed under the rules in effect at the time the motion is filed.
CO Code § 14-13.7-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 14 - Domestic Matters|Article 13.7 - Uniform Deployed Parents Custody and Visitation Act|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 14-13.7-101. Short Title

 This article shall be known and may be cited as the “Uniform Deployed Parents Custody and Visitation Act”.   History. Source: L. 2013: Entire article added,(HB 13-1200), ch. 174, p. 624, § 2, effective May 10.