reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
RI Gen L § 9-1.1-2 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-1.1 - The State False Claim Act|Section 9-1.1-2 - Definitions.

§ 9-1.1-2. Definitions.As used in this chapter:(1) "Custodian" means the custodian, or any deputy custodian, designated by the attorney general or a solicitor under § 9-1.1-6 of the Rhode Island general laws.(2) "Documentary material" includes the original or any copy of any book, record, report, memorandum, paper, communication, tabulation, chart, or other document, or data compilations stored in or accessible through computer or other information retrieval systems, together with instructions and all other materials necessary to use or interpret such data compilations, and any product of discovery.(3) "Guard" means the Rhode Island National Guard.(4) "Investigation" means any inquiry conducted by any investigator for the purpose of ascertaining whether any person is or has been engaged in any violation of this chapter.(5) "Investigator" means a person who is charged by the Rhode Island attorney general, a solicitor, or designee with the duty of conducting any investigation under this act, or any officer or employee of the State acting under the direction and supervision of the department of attorney general.(6) "Product of discovery" includes:(i) The original or duplicate of any deposition, interrogatory, document, thing, result of the inspection of land or other property, examination, or admission, which is obtained by any method of discovery in any judicial or administrative proceeding of an adversarial nature;(ii) Any digest, analysis, selection, compilation, or derivation of any item listed in paragraph (i); and(iii) Any index or other manner of access to any item listed in paragraph (i).(7) "Solicitor" means a municipality, acting through its city or town solicitor or other duly appointed legal counsel.(8) "State" means the state of Rhode Island; any agency of state government; and any political subdivision meaning any city, town, county or other governmental entity authorized or created by state law, including public corporations and authorities.History of Section.P.L. 2007, ch. 73, art. 18, §§ 1, 2; P.L. 2012, ch. 217, § 1; P.L. 2012, ch. 227, § 1; P.L. 2012, ch. 415, § 17.
RI Gen L § 9-1.1-5 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-1.1 - The State False Claim Act|Section 9-1.1-5 - False claims procedure.

§ 9-1.1-5. False claims procedure.(a) A subpoena requiring the attendance of a witness at a trial or hearing conducted under § 9-1.1-4, may be served at any place in the state.(b) A civil action under § 9-1.1-4 may not be brought:(1) More than 6 years after the date on which the violation of § 9-1.1-3 is committed, or(2) More than three (3) years after the date when facts material to the right of action are known or reasonably should have been known by the official of the state charged with responsibility to act in the circumstances, but in no event more than ten (10) years after the date on which the violation is committed, whichever occurs last.(c) If the state elects to intervene and proceed with an action brought under § 9-1.1-4, the state may file its own complaint or amend the complaint of a person who has brought an action under § 9-1.1-4 to clarify or add detail to the claims in which the state is intervening and to add any additional claims with respect to which the state contends it is entitled to relief. For statute of limitations purposes, any state pleading shall relate back to the filing date of the complaint of the person who originally brought the action, to the extent that the claim of the state arises out of the conduct, transactions, or occurrences set forth, or attempted to be set forth, in the prior complaint of that person.(d) In any action brought under § 9-1.1-4, the state shall be required to prove all essential elements of the cause of action, including damages, by a preponderance of the evidence.(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a final judgment rendered in favor of the state in any criminal proceeding charging fraud or false statements, whether upon a verdict after trial or upon a plea of guilty or nolo contendere, shall estop the defendant from denying the essential elements of the offense in any action that involves the same transaction as in the criminal proceeding and is brought under § 9-1.1-4(a) or 9-1.1-4(b).History of Section.P.L. 2007, ch. 73, art. 18, §§ 1, 2; P.L. 2013, ch. 311, § 1; P.L. 2013, ch. 391, § 1; P.L. 2018, ch. 155, § 1; P.L. 2018, ch. 257, § 1.
RI Gen L § 9-1.1-7 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-1.1 - The State False Claim Act|Section 9-1.1-7 - Procedure.

§ 9-1.1-7. Procedure.The Rhode Island superior court rules of civil procedure shall apply to all proceedings under this chapter, except when those rules are inconsistent with this chapter.History of Section.P.L. 2007, ch. 73, art. 18, §§ 1, 2.
RI Gen L § 9-1.1-8 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-1.1 - The State False Claim Act|Section 9-1.1-8 - Funds.

§ 9-1.1-8. Funds.There is hereby created a separate fund entitled the false claims act fund. All proceeds of an action or settlement of a claim brought under this chapter shall be deposited in the fund, with the exception of actions brought directly by a solicitor, in which case the proceeds of an action or settlement of a claim brought under this chapter shall be provided to the respective municipality.History of Section.P.L. 2007, ch. 73, art. 18, §§ 1, 2; P.L. 2012, ch. 217, § 1; P.L. 2012, ch. 227, § 1.
RI Gen L § 9-1.1-9 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-1.1 - The State False Claim Act|Section 9-1.1-9 - Powers conferred upon municipal solicitors.

§ 9-1.1-9. Powers conferred upon municipal solicitors.All powers conferred under this chapter upon the attorney general with regard to the state are conferred upon solicitors with regard to their respective municipalities in matters involving an action under the false claims act.History of Section.P.L. 2012, ch. 217, § 2; P.L. 2012, ch. 227, § 2.
RI Gen L § 9-2-1 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-1 - Repealed.

§ 9-2-1. Repealed.History of Section.C.P.A. 1905, § 240; G.L. 1909, ch. 283, § 20; G.L. 1923, ch. 333, § 20; G.L. 1938, ch. 518, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-1; Repealed by P.L. 1965, ch. 55, § 9, effective January 10, 1966 . For provisions governing such joinder in superior courts see Super. Ct. R. Civ. P. Rule 20(a).
RI Gen L § 9-2-2 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-2 - Joinder of defendants in action on contract or instrument.

§ 9-2-2. Joinder of defendants in action on contract or instrument.When, in an action on any contract or specialty, including a bill of exchange or a promissory note, the property of a surety, endorser, or drawer has been attached, the property of the promissor, acceptor, or principal, properly before the court, if within its jurisdiction, if not attached at the commencement of the action, may be attached on mesne process or execution, and shall in all cases be first applied in the satisfaction of any judgment recovered therein.History of Section.C.P.A. 1905, § 241; G.L. 1909, ch. 283, § 21; G.L. 1923, ch. 333, § 21; G.L. 1938, ch. 518, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-2; P.L. 1965, ch. 55, § 8; P.L. 1997, ch. 326, § 15.
RI Gen L § 9-2-3, 9-2-4 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-3, 9-2-4 - Repealed.

§ 9-2-3, 9-2-4. Repealed.History of Section.C.P.A. 1905, §§ 243, 244; G.L. 1909, ch. 283, §§ 23, 24; G.L. 1923, ch. 333, §§ 23, 24; G.L. 1938, ch. 518, §§ 3, 4; G.L. 1956, §§ 9-2-3, 9-2-4; Repealed by P.L. 1965, ch. 55, § 9, effective January 10, 1966. For rule governing nonjoinder and misjoinder of parties in superior and district courts, see Super. Ct. R. Civ. P. Rules 19(b), 21.
RI Gen L § 9-2-5 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-5 - Proceedings unimpaired by changes in parties.

§ 9-2-5. Proceedings unimpaired by changes in parties.No change of parties made by order of the court shall impair any previous attachment of the estate or arrest of the body of any defendant remaining in the action, nor impair any bond or bail given by any party remaining, either as against himself or herself or his or her sureties. And in all the above cases, the writ shall be amended accordingly.History of Section.C.P.A. 1905, § 245; G.L. 1909, ch. 283, § 25; G.L. 1923, ch. 333, § 25; G.L. 1938, ch. 518, § 5; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-5; P.L. 1965, ch. 55, § 8.
RI Gen L § 9-2-6 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-6 - Liability of representatives of deceased joint contractor.

§ 9-2-6. Liability of representatives of deceased joint contractor.Unless otherwise provided in the contract, upon the death of any joint contractor, his or her representatives may be charged in the same manner as such representatives might have been charged if the contract had been several instead of joint; provided, that the plaintiff shall first exhaust the partnership estate if the joint contract is a partnership contract.History of Section.C.P.A. 1905, § 237; G.L. 1909, ch. 283, § 17; G.L. 1923, ch. 333, § 17; G.L. 1938, ch. 476, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-6.
RI Gen L § 9-2-7 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-7 - Effect of judgment against part of joint contractors.

§ 9-2-7. Effect of judgment against part of joint contractors.No judgment, without complete satisfaction, rendered against a part only of the defendants in any action upon a joint contract shall be a bar to any future action on the contract, for any unsatisfied balance due, against such of the defendants upon whom or whose estate the writ in the original action shall not have been served.History of Section.C.P.A. 1905, § 238; G.L. 1909, ch. 283, § 18; G.L. 1923, ch. 333, § 18; G.L. 1938, ch. 476, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-7.
RI Gen L § 9-2-8 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-8 - Assignee of nonnegotiable chose in action.

§ 9-2-8. Assignee of nonnegotiable chose in action.The assignee of a nonnegotiable chose in action which has been assigned in writing may maintain an action thereon in his or her own name, but subject to all defenses and rights of counterclaim, recoupment, or setoff to which the defendant would have been entitled had the action been brought in the name of the assignor.History of Section.G.L., ch. 333, § 30, as enacted by P.L. 1938, ch. 2615, § 1; G.L. 1938, ch. 509, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-8.
RI Gen L § 9-2-9 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-9 - Restricted liability on instrument signed as fiduciary.

§ 9-2-9. Restricted liability on instrument signed as fiduciary.Where an instrument contains, or a person adds to his or her signature, words indicating that he or she contracts or signs in his or her representative capacity as trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, or conservator, he or she shall not be personally liable on the instrument, if he or she was duly authorized to make the instrument in his or her representative capacity; should an action on the instrument be brought against the trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, or conservator in his or her representative capacity, or against his or her successor, an execution on any judgment obtained against him or her shall run only against the goods, chattels, and real estate of the estate in the hands and possession of the trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, or conservator, or his or her successor, and not against his or her own property and estate; provided, that upon a suggestion of waste as provided in § 33-9-28, a civil action may be brought against him or her personally in the manner provided in § 33-9-28, and the procedure shall be in conformity with § 33-9-28 and applicable procedural rules.History of Section.G.L., ch. 208, § 24, as enacted by C.P.A. 1905, § 1147; G.L. 1909, ch. 259, § 24; G.L. 1923, ch. 303, § 24; G.L. 1938, ch. 529, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-9; P.L. 1965, ch. 55, § 8; P.L. 1997, ch. 326, § 15.
RI Gen L § 9-2-10 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-10 - Association defined.

§ 9-2-10. Association defined.Any unincorporated organization of persons, except a partnership, is deemed an association within the meaning of §§ 9-2-11 — 9-2-15.History of Section.P.L. 1906, ch. 1348, § 1; G.L. 1909, ch. 300, § 30; G.L. 1923, ch. 350, § 30; G.L. 1938, ch. 530, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-10.
RI Gen L § 9-2-11 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-11 - Actions by trustee for unincorporated associations.

§ 9-2-11. Actions by trustee for unincorporated associations.Any action or other civil proceeding may be maintained by any officer or member of an unincorporated association as trustee in its behalf, if so authorized by the association, to recover any property or upon any cause of action for or upon which all the associates may maintain such action or proceeding by reason of their interest or ownership therein, either jointly or in common. Any action or other civil proceeding may likewise be maintained by such officer or member to recover from one or more members of the association his or her or their proportionate share of any money lawfully expended by the association for the benefit of the associates or to enforce any lawful claim of the association against the member or members.History of Section.P.L. 1906, ch. 1348, § 1; G.L. 1909, ch. 300, § 30; G.L. 1923, ch. 350, § 30; G.L. 1938, ch. 530, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-11; P.L. 1966, ch. 1, § 5.
RI Gen L § 9-2-12 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-12 - Actions against unincorporated associations.

§ 9-2-12. Actions against unincorporated associations.Any action or other civil proceeding may be maintained to recover any property or upon any cause of action for or upon which the plaintiff may maintain such an action or proceeding against all the associates, by reason of their interest or ownership, or claim of ownership therein, against the president and secretary of the association, or the officers or members exercising substantially the duties, respectively, of president and secretary, or if there is no such officer, or officers, or members exercising such duties, or either of them, then against any other two (2) officers of the association, or if there is but one officer, then against the single officer, or if there is no officer known to the plaintiff, then against any member of the association, describing the officer or officers, member or members, as the representative or representatives of the association.History of Section.P.L. 1906, ch. 1348, § 1; G.L. 1909, ch. 30, § 30; G.L. 1923, ch. 350, § 30; G.L. 1938, ch. 530, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-12; P.L. 1966, ch. 1, § 5.
RI Gen L § 9-2-13 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-13 - Death or incapacity of member or representative of association.

§ 9-2-13. Death or incapacity of member or representative of association.The death or legal incapacity of a member of the association shall not affect an action or other civil proceeding brought as provided in §§ 9-2-11 and 9-2-12. If either of the officers or persons by or against whom the action or other civil proceeding is brought dies, is removed, resigns, or becomes otherwise incapacitated during the pendency thereof, the court before which the action or proceeding is pending shall make an order directing the action or proceeding to be continued by or against his or her successor in office or by or against any other officer or member who might have been a party originally to the action or proceeding.History of Section.P.L. 1906, ch. 1348, § 2; G.L. 1909, ch. 300, § 31; G.L. 1923, ch. 350, § 31; G.L. 1938, ch. 530, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-13; P.L. 1966, ch. 1, § 5; P.L. 1997, ch. 326, § 15.
RI Gen L § 9-2-14 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-14 - Judgment and execution against association.

§ 9-2-14. Judgment and execution against association.In an action or proceeding brought pursuant to §§ 9-2-11 and 9-2-12, the officers or members against whom the action is brought shall not be arrested; and a judgment against them shall not authorize an execution to be issued against their property or person. When the judgment is for a sum of money, an execution issued thereon must require the officer serving the execution to satisfy the execution out of any personal or real property belonging to the association or owned jointly or in common by all members thereof.History of Section.P.L. 1906, ch. 1348, § 3; G.L. 1909, ch. 300, § 32; G.L. 1923, ch. 350, § 32; G.L. 1938, ch. 530, § 3; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-14; P.L. 1997, ch. 326, § 15.
RI Gen L § 9-2-15 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-15 - Actions against members prohibited pending action against association.

§ 9-2-15. Actions against members prohibited pending action against association.When any action or proceeding is brought to recover any property, or upon any cause of action for or upon which the plaintiff may maintain such an action or proceeding against all the associates by reason of their interest or ownership or claim of ownership therein as provided in §§ 9-2-10 — 9-2-14, no action or other civil proceeding for the same cause of action shall be brought to recover a personal judgment against the members of the association or any of them until after final judgment in the first action or proceeding and the return of any execution issued thereon wholly or partially unsatisfied.History of Section.P.L. 1906, ch. 1348, § 4; G.L. 1909, ch. 300, § 33; G.L. 1923, ch. 350, § 33; G.L. 1938, ch. 530, § 4; G.L. 1956, § 9-2-15; P.L. 1966, ch. 1, § 5.
RI Gen L § 9-2-16 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-16 - Joinder of husband and wife as plaintiffs.

§ 9-2-16. Joinder of husband and wife as plaintiffs.A husband and wife may join as parties plaintiffs in the same action to recover damages for negligence and shall be entitled to recover their respective damages in that action.History of Section.P.L. 1965, ch. 217, § 1.
RI Gen L § 9-2-17 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-17 - Joinder of registered owner and operator of motor vehicle as defendants in action for negligence.

§ 9-2-17. Joinder of registered owner and operator of motor vehicle as defendants in action for negligence.A plaintiff may join the registered owner and operator of a motor vehicle in an action to recover damages for negligence. Nothing herein shall be deemed to deprive the owner or operator of any defense he or she may have.History of Section.P.L. 1965, ch. 218, § 1.
RI Gen L § 9-2-18 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-18 - Acceleration of actions when party 65 or older.

§ 9-2-18. Acceleration of actions when party 65 or older.Any civil action in which a plaintiff or a defendant has attained the age of sixty-five (65) years, and is not a corporation, partnership, association, or other such entity, shall be accelerated to trial at the request of the party. This section shall not be construed so as to preclude reasonable discovery.History of Section.P.L. 1984, ch. 347, § 1; P.L. 1987, ch. 80, § 1.
RI Gen L § 9-2-18.1 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-18.1 - Acceleration of action for enforcement of mechanics' lien.

§ 9-2-18.1. Acceleration of action for enforcement of mechanics' lien.Upon motion of any party in an action to enforce a mechanics' lien, or in an action on a bond or cash escrow provided pursuant to § 34-28-17, the court may grant that the hearing on the petition shall be given priority on the calendar.History of Section.P.L. 1990, ch. 25, § 1; P.L. 1991, ch. 328, § 5.
RI Gen L § 9-2-19 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-19 - Malpractice actions.

§ 9-2-19. Malpractice actions.Any civil action filed on or after January 1, 1987, for personal injury or wrongful death filed against a licensed physician, hospital, clinic, health maintenance organization, professional service corporation providing health care services, dentist, or dental hygienist based on professional negligence in which the parties agree that the damages, if liability is proven, are likely to be in the sum of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or more, or if the court upon motion by either party finds that the damages, if liability is proven, are likely to be in the sum of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or more, shall be given priority for expedited hearing. This section shall not be construed so as to preclude adequate time for reasonable discovery.History of Section.P.L. 1986, ch. 350, § 10.
RI Gen L § 9-2-20 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-2 - Parties|Section 9-2-20 - Acceleration of actions involving $100,000 or more.

§ 9-2-20. Acceleration of actions involving $100,000 or more.Any civil action filed for personal injury, property damage, or wrongful death in which the parties agree that the damages, if liability is proven, are likely to be in the sum of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or more, or if the court upon motion by either party finds that the damages, if liability is proven, are likely to be in the sum of one hundred thousand ($100,000) or more, shall be given priority for expedited hearing. This section shall not be construed so as to preclude adequate time for reasonable discovery.History of Section.P.L. 1987, ch. 522, § 4.
RI Gen L § 9-3-1 (2021)
2021 Rhode Island General Laws|Title 9 - Courts and Civil Procedure – Procedure Generally|Chapter 9-3 - Liens Against Causes of Action|Section 9-3-1 - Attorney's lien - Creation.

§ 9-3-1. Attorney's lien — Creation.Whenever the relationship of attorney and client has been entered into by an implied or express contract for service, wherein the attorney does not agree to be responsible for costs of suit, the attorney shall have a lien to the value of his or her contractual interests in the cause of action, claim, demand, counterclaim, or other matter concerning which the contract is entered into.History of Section.P.L. 1917, ch. 1515, § 1; G.L. 1923, ch. 301, § 32; P.L. 1931, ch. 1761, § 1; G.L. 1938, ch. 450, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 9-3-1.