reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MN Stat § 518.11 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.11 — Service; Alternate Service; Publication.

518.11 SERVICE; ALTERNATE SERVICE; PUBLICATION. (a) Unless a proceeding is brought by both parties, copies of the summons and petition shall be served on the respondent personally. (b) When service is made out of this state and within the United States, it may be proved by the affidavit of the person making the same. When service is made without the United States it may be proved by the affidavit of the person making the same, taken before and certified by any United States minister, charge d'affaires, commissioner, consul or commercial agent, or other consular or diplomatic officer of the United States appointed to reside in such country, including all deputies or other representatives of such officer authorized to perform their duties; or before an officer authorized to administer an oath with the certificate of an officer of a court of record of the country wherein such affidavit is taken as to the identity and authority of the officer taking the same. (c) If personal service cannot be made, the court may order service of the summons by alternate means. The application for alternate service must include the last known location of the respondent; the petitioner's most recent contacts with the respondent; the last known location of the respondent's employment; the names and locations of the respondent's parents, siblings, children, and other close relatives; the names and locations of other persons who are likely to know the respondent's whereabouts; and a description of efforts to locate those persons. The court shall consider the length of time the respondent's location has been unknown, the likelihood that the respondent's location will become known, the nature of the relief sought, and the nature of efforts made to locate the respondent. The court shall order service by first class mail, forwarding address requested, to any addresses where there is a reasonable possibility that mail or information will be forwarded or communicated to the respondent or, if no address so qualifies, then to the respondent's last known address. If the petitioner seeks disposition of real estate located within the state of Minnesota, the court shall order that the summons, which shall contain the legal description of the real estate, be published in the county where the real estate is located. The court may also order publication, within or without the state, but only if it might reasonably succeed in notifying the respondent of the proceeding. Also, the court may require the petitioner to make efforts to locate the respondent by telephone calls to appropriate persons. Service shall be deemed complete 21 days after mailing or 21 days after court-ordered publication. History:  (8590) RL s 3579; 1909 c 434; 1913 c 57 s 1; 1974 c 107 s 8; 1978 c 772 s 27; 1994 c 630 art 12 s 2; 1997 c 9 s 5
MN Stat § 518.12 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.12 — Time For Answering.

518.12 TIME FOR ANSWERING. The respondent shall have 30 days in which to answer the petition. In case of service by publication, the 30 days shall not begin to run until the expiration of the period allowed for publication. In the case of a counterpetition for dissolution or legal separation to a petition for dissolution or legal separation, no answer shall be required to the counterpetition and the original petitioner shall be deemed to have denied each and every statement, allegation and claim in the counterpetition. History:  (8591) RL s 3580; 1945 c 7 s 1; 1974 c 107 s 9; 1979 c 259 s 9
MN Stat § 518.13 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.13 — Failure To Answer; Findings; Hearing.

518.13 FAILURE TO ANSWER; FINDINGS; HEARING. Subdivision 1. Default. If the respondent does not appear after service duly made and proved, the court may hear and determine the proceeding as a default matter. Subd. 2. Dispute over irretrievable breakdown. If one of the parties has denied under oath or affirmation that the marriage is irretrievably broken, the court shall consider all relevant factors, including the circumstances that gave rise to the commencement of the proceeding and the prospect of reconciliation, and shall make a finding whether the marriage is irretrievably broken. A finding of irretrievable breakdown under this subdivision is a determination that there is no reasonable prospect of reconciliation. The finding must be supported by evidence that (i) the parties have lived separate and apart for a period of not less than 180 days immediately preceding the commencement of the proceeding, or (ii) there is serious marital discord adversely affecting the attitude of one or both of the parties toward the marriage. Subd. 3. Agreement over irretrievable breakdown. If both parties by petition or otherwise have stated under oath or affirmation that the marriage is irretrievably broken, or one of the parties has so stated and the other has not denied it, the court, after hearing, shall make a finding that the marriage is irretrievably broken. Subd. 4. Referee; open court. The court or judge, upon application, may refer the proceeding to a referee to take and report the evidence therein. Hearings for dissolution of marriage shall be heard in open court or before a referee appointed by the court to receive the testimony of the witnesses, or depositions taken as in other equitable actions. However, the court may in its discretion close the hearing. Subd. 5. Approval without hearing. Proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, order for judgment, and judgment and decree must be submitted to the court for approval and filing without a final hearing in the following situations: (1) if there are no minor children of the marriage, and (i) the parties have entered into a written stipulation, or (ii) the respondent has not appeared after service duly made and proved by affidavit and at least 20 days have elapsed since the time for answering under section 518.12 expired; or (2) if there are minor children of the marriage, the parties have signed and acknowledged a stipulation, and all parties are represented by counsel. Notwithstanding clause (1) or (2), the court shall schedule the matter for hearing in any case where the proposed judgment and decree does not appear to be in the best interests of the minor children or is contrary to the interests of justice. History:  (8592) RL s 3581; 1974 c 107 s 10; 1978 c 772 s 28; 1979 c 259 s 10; 1991 c 271 s 2
MN Stat § 518.14 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.14 — Costs And Disbursements; Attorney Fees; Collection Costs.

518.14 COSTS AND DISBURSEMENTS; ATTORNEY FEES; COLLECTION COSTS. Subdivision 1. General. Except as provided in section 518A.735, in a proceeding under this chapter or chapter 518A, the court shall award attorney fees, costs, and disbursements in an amount necessary to enable a party to carry on or contest the proceeding, provided it finds: (1) that the fees are necessary for the good faith assertion of the party's rights in the proceeding and will not contribute unnecessarily to the length and expense of the proceeding; (2) that the party from whom fees, costs, and disbursements are sought has the means to pay them; and (3) that the party to whom fees, costs, and disbursements are awarded does not have the means to pay them. Nothing in this section or section 518A.735 precludes the court from awarding, in its discretion, additional fees, costs, and disbursements against a party who unreasonably contributes to the length or expense of the proceeding. Fees, costs, and disbursements provided for in this section and section 518A.735 may be awarded at any point in the proceeding, including a modification proceeding under sections 518.18 and 518A.39. The court may adjudge costs and disbursements against either party. The court may authorize the collection of money awarded by execution, or out of property sequestered, or in any other manner within the power of the court. An award of attorney's fees made by the court during the pendency of the proceeding or in the final judgment survives the proceeding and if not paid by the party directed to pay the same may be enforced as above provided or by a separate civil action brought in the attorney's own name. If the proceeding is dismissed or abandoned prior to determination and award of attorney's fees, the court may nevertheless award attorney's fees upon the attorney's motion. The award shall also survive the proceeding and may be enforced in the same manner as last above provided. Subd. 2.  [Renumbered 518A.735] History:  (8593) RL s 3582; 1955 c 687 s 1; 1974 c 107 s 11; 1978 c 772 s 30; 1986 c 444; 1990 c 574 s 10; 1993 c 340 s 20; 1994 c 630 art 11 s 5; 1997 c 187 art 2 s 10; 2005 c 164 s 29; 1Sp2005 c 7 s 28
MN Stat § 518.145 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.145 — Decree, Finality And Reopening.

518.145 DECREE, FINALITY AND REOPENING. Subdivision 1. Appeal. A decree of dissolution of marriage or of legal separation is final when entered, subject to the right of appeal. When entered, the findings of fact and conclusions of law may constitute the judgment and decree. An appeal from the decree of dissolution that does not challenge the finding that the marriage is irretrievably broken does not delay the finality of that provision of the decree which dissolves the marriage beyond the time for appealing from that provision. A party may remarry before the time for appeal has run if it is not contested that the marriage is irretrievably broken or if a stipulation that the marriage is irretrievably broken is incorporated in the decree of dissolution. Subd. 2. Reopening. On motion and upon terms as are just, the court may relieve a party from a judgment and decree, order, or proceeding under this chapter, except for provisions dissolving the bonds of marriage, annulling the marriage, or directing that the parties are legally separated, and may order a new trial or grant other relief as may be just for the following reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under the Rules of Civil Procedure, rule 59.03; (3) fraud, whether denominated intrinsic or extrinsic, misrepresentation, or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment and decree or order is void; or (5) the judgment has been satisfied, released, or discharged, or a prior judgment and decree or order upon which it is based has been reversed or otherwise vacated, or it is no longer equitable that the judgment and decree or order should have prospective application. The motion must be made within a reasonable time, and for a reason under clause (1), (2), or (3), not more than one year after the judgment and decree, order, or proceeding was entered or taken. A motion under this subdivision does not affect the finality of a judgment and decree or order or suspend its operation. This subdivision does not limit the power of a court to entertain an independent action to relieve a party from a judgment and decree, order, or proceeding or to grant relief to a party not actually personally notified as provided in the Rules of Civil Procedure, or to set aside a judgment for fraud upon the court. History:  1978 c 772 s 31; 1979 c 259 s 12; 1981 c 349 s 4; 1988 c 668 s 11
MN Stat § 518.146 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.146 — Social Security Numbers; Tax Returns; Identity Protection.

518.146 SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS; TAX RETURNS; IDENTITY PROTECTION. The Social Security numbers and tax returns required under this chapter and chapter 518A are not accessible to the public, except that they must be disclosed to the other parties to a proceeding as provided in section 518A.28. History:  1999 c 227 s 20; 2005 c 164 s 29; 1Sp2005 c 7 s 28
MN Stat § 518.148 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.148 — Certification Of Dissolution.

518.148 CERTIFICATION OF DISSOLUTION. Subdivision 1. Certificate of dissolution. (a) The court must prepare a separate certificate of dissolution to be attached to the judgment and decree at the time of granting the dissolution of marriage. Upon approval by the court and filing of the certificate of dissolution with the court administrator, the court administrator shall provide to any party upon request certified copies of the certificate of dissolution. The court may direct an attorney or pro se party to prepare and submit the certificate of dissolution to the court. (b) If a certificate of dissolution has not been prepared, either party may make a written request for a certificate of dissolution and the court shall approve a request pursuant to this section. The court may require the requesting party or their attorney to prepare the certificate of dissolution and submit the certificate to the court. Subd. 2. Required information. The certificate shall include the following information: (1) the full caption and file number of the case and the title "Certificate of Dissolution"; (2) the names and any prior or other names of the parties to the dissolution; (3) that the marriage of the parties is dissolved; (4) the date of the judgment and decree; and (5) if a name change has been granted, the former and the new name of the party whose name was changed through the dissolution. Subd. 3. Certification. The certificate of dissolution shall be conclusive evidence of the facts recited in the certificate. History:  1991 c 161 s 3; 1997 c 203 art 6 s 37; 2015 c 57 s 1
MN Stat § 518.155 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.155 — Custody Determinations.

518.155 CUSTODY DETERMINATIONS. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a court in which a proceeding for dissolution, legal separation, or child custody has been commenced shall not issue, revise, modify or amend any order, pursuant to sections 518.131, 518.165, 518.168, 518.17, 518.175 or 518.18, which affects the custody of a minor child or the parenting time of a parent unless the court has jurisdiction over the matter pursuant to the provisions of chapter 518D. History:  1977 c 8 s 26; 1978 c 772 s 32; 1979 c 259 s 13; 1Sp1981 c 4 art 1 s 179; 1999 c 74 art 3 s 19; 2000 c 444 art 2 s 20; 2001 c 51 s 2
MN Stat § 518.166 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.166 — Interviews.

518.166 INTERVIEWS. The court may interview the child in chambers to ascertain the child's reasonable preference as to custodian, if the court deems the child to be of sufficient age to express preference. The court shall permit counsel to be present at the interview and shall permit counsel to propound reasonable questions to the child either directly or through the court. The court shall cause a record of the interview to be made and to be made part of the record in the case unless waived by the parties. In contested custody proceedings, and in other custody proceedings if a parent or the child's custodian requests, the court may seek the recommendations of professional personnel whether or not they are employed on a regular basis by the court. The recommendations given shall be in writing and shall be made available by the court to counsel upon request. Counsel may call for cross-examination of professional personnel consulted by the court. History:  1978 c 772 s 36; 1979 c 259 s 16; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 518.168 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.168 — Hearings.

518.168 HEARINGS. (a) Custody proceedings shall receive priority in being set for hearing. (b) The court may tax as costs the payment of necessary travel and other expenses incurred by a person whose presence at the hearing the court deems necessary to determine the best interests of the child. (c) The court without a jury shall determine questions of law and fact. If it finds that a public hearing may be detrimental to the child's best interests, the court may exclude the public from a custody hearing, but may admit any person who has a direct interest in the particular case. (d) If the court finds it necessary for the protection of the child's welfare that the record of an interview, report, investigation, or testimony in a custody proceeding be kept secret, the court may make an appropriate order sealing the record. (e) At the first hearing or at an initial appearance before the court under this chapter, the court shall provide an information sheet to the parties explaining: (1) in cases where alternative dispute resolution is required under General Rules of Practice, rule 310.01, that the parties have the choice of using alternative dispute resolution methods including mediation, arbitration, and other processes to resolve the divorce or custody matter; (2) how mediation and other available forms of alternative dispute resolution for family law cases work; (3) that the parties may choose which method of alternative dispute resolution to use; and (4) that the court administrator is able to provide additional information about resources for alternative dispute resolution. Each party who is present at the first hearing or at an initial appearance must receive a copy of the information sheet from the court. (f) The state court administrator shall prepare an alternative dispute resolution information sheet that the court must use to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (e). History:  1978 c 772 s 38; 2016 c 167 s 1
MN Stat § 518.1752 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.1752 — Grandparent Visitation.

518.1752 GRANDPARENT VISITATION. In all proceedings for dissolution or legal separation, after the commencement of the proceeding or at any time after completion of the proceedings, and continuing during the minority of the child, the court may make an order granting visitation rights to grandparents under section 257C.08, subdivision 2. History:  1971 c 172 s 1; 1974 c 107 s 15; 1978 c 772 s 40-42; 1979 c 259 s 18,19; 1982 c 537 s 1; 1986 c 406 s 3; 1986 c 444; 1988 c 668 s 14; 1989 c 248 s 4,5; 1990 c 574 s 15; 1993 c 62 s 2; 1993 c 322 s 9; 1994 c 631 s 31; 1995 c 257 art 1 s 20; 1996 c 391 art 1 s 1,2; 1997 c 239 art 7 s 8,9; 1997 c 245 art 2 s 2; 2000 c 444 art 1 s 4; art 2 s 26-31; 2001 c 51 s 8,17; 2002 c 304 s 13
MN Stat § 518.176 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.176 — Judicial Supervision.

518.176 JUDICIAL SUPERVISION. Subdivision 1. Limits on parent's authority; hearing. Except as otherwise agreed by the parties in writing at the time of the custody order, the parent with whom the child resides may determine the child's upbringing, including education, health care, and religious training, unless the court after hearing, finds, upon motion by the other parent, that in the absence of a specific limitation of the authority of the parent with whom the child resides, the child's physical or emotional health is likely to be endangered or the child's emotional development impaired. Subd. 2. Court order. If both parents or all contestants agree to the order, or if the court finds that in the absence of the order the child's physical or emotional health is likely to be endangered or the child's emotional development impaired, the court may order the local social services agency or the department of court services to exercise continuing supervision over the case under guidelines established by the court to assure that the custodial or parenting time terms of the decree are carried out. History:  1978 c 772 s 43; 1979 c 259 s 20; 1986 c 444; 1994 c 631 s 31; 2000 c 444 art 2 s 33; 2001 c 51 s 10
MN Stat § 518.177 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.177 — Notification Regarding Deprivation Of Parental Rights Law.

518.177 NOTIFICATION REGARDING DEPRIVATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS LAW. Every court order and judgment and decree concerning custody of or parenting time or visitation with a minor child shall contain the notice set out in section 518.68, subdivision 2. History:  1984 c 484 s 1; 1993 c 322 s 10; 2000 c 444 art 2 s 34
MN Stat § 518.178 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.178 — Parenting Time And Support Review Hearing.

518.178 PARENTING TIME AND SUPPORT REVIEW HEARING. Upon motion of either party, the court shall conduct a hearing to review compliance with the parenting time and child support provisions set forth in a decree of dissolution or legal separation or an order that establishes child custody, parenting time, and support rights and obligations of parents. The state court administrator shall prepare, and each court administrator shall make available, simplified pro se forms for reviewing parenting time and child support disputes. The court may impose any parenting time enforcement remedy available under sections 518.175 and 518.1751, and any support enforcement remedy available under chapter 518A. History:  1999 c 196 art 1 s 4; 2000 c 444 art 2 s 35; 2005 c 164 s 29; 1Sp2005 c 7 s 28
MN Stat § 518.1781 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 517 - 519A — Domestic Relations|Chapter 518 — Marriage Dissolution|Section 518.1781 — Six-month Review.

518.1781 SIX-MONTH REVIEW. (a) A request for a six-month review hearing form must be attached to a decree of dissolution or legal separation or an order that initially establishes child custody, parenting time, or support rights and obligations of parents. The state court administrator is requested to prepare the request for review hearing form. The form must include information regarding the procedures for requesting a hearing, the purpose of the hearing, and any other information regarding a hearing under this section that the state court administrator deems necessary. (b) The six-month review hearing shall be held if any party submits a written request for a hearing within six months after entry of a decree of dissolution or legal separation or order that establishes child custody, parenting time, or support. (c) Upon receipt of a completed request for hearing form, the court administrator shall provide notice of the hearing to all other parties and the public authority. The court administrator shall schedule the six-month review hearing as soon as practicable following the receipt of the hearing request form. (d) At the six-month hearing, the court must review: (1) whether child support is current; and (2) whether both parties are complying with the parenting time provisions of the order. (e) At the six-month hearing, the obligor has the burden to present evidence to establish that child support payments are current. A party may request that the public authority provide information to the parties and court regarding child support payments. A party must request the information from the public authority at least 14 days before the hearing. The commissioner of human services must develop a form to be used by the public authority to submit child support payment information to the parties and court. (f) Contempt of court and all statutory remedies for child support and parenting time enforcement may be imposed by the court at the six-month hearing for noncompliance by either party pursuant to this chapter, chapters 518A and 588, and the Minnesota Court Rules. (g) A request for a six-month review hearing form must be attached to a decree or order signed on or after January 1, 2007, that initially establishes child support rights and obligations. History:  2005 c 164 s 4,29; 1Sp2005 c 7 s 26,28; 2006 c 280 s 20