reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
WI Stat § 113.08 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 113 - Uniform joint obligations act.|113.08 - Interpretation.

113.08  Interpretation. This chapter shall be so interpreted and construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states which enact it.
WI Stat § 113.09 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 113 - Uniform joint obligations act.|113.09 - Short title.

113.09  Short title. This chapter may be cited as the “Uniform Joint Obligations Act".
WI Stat § 113.10 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 113 - Uniform joint obligations act.|113.10 - Repeals.

113.10  Repeals. All acts or parts of acts inconsistent with this chapter are repealed.
WI Stat § 113.11 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 113 - Uniform joint obligations act.|113.11 - Release of joint debtor; effect.

113.11  Release of joint debtor; effect. (1) If any creditor to whom persons are jointly indebted, either upon contract or the judgment of a court of record, shall release any of them such release shall operate as a satisfaction or discharge of such joint debt to the amount of the proportion which the person so released ought in equity, as between the person and the other joint debtors, to pay; and the balance of such joint debt shall remain in force as to joint debtors not released and may be enforced against them. If the amount paid by a debtor to procure the release shall exceed the proportion of such joint debt which the debtor, as between the debtor and co-debtors ought to pay then such joint debt shall thereby be satisfied to the extent of the sum so paid. If the person released is only a surety the person's release shall operate as payment of such joint debt to the extent of the money paid by the person and no further. (2) This section does not permit the discharge of a principal debtor without also discharging the principal debtor's sureties.History:  Sup. Ct. Order, 67 Wis. 2d 585, 760 (1975); 1975 c. 218.Cross-reference:  See also s. 113.05 concerning release of co-obligor.
WI Stat § 114.001 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.001 - Definitions.

114.001  Definitions. In this chapter: (1) “Department" means the department of transportation. (2) “Division of hearings and appeals" means the division of hearings and appeals in the department of administration. (3) “Secretary" means the secretary of transportation.History:  1977 c. 29; 1993 a. 16.
WI Stat § 114.01 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.01 - State airport system.

114.01  State airport system. The department is directed to cooperate with and assist any federal aeronautical agency in the preparation and annual revision of the national airport plan and to lay out a comprehensive state system of airports adequate to provide for the aeronautical needs of the people of all parts of the state. Such state system shall include every airport on the national system and such additional airports as may be deemed necessary. In selecting the general location of the airports on the system and determining their capacity, due regard shall be given to aeronautical necessity as evidenced by the population of the locality to be served, its commerce and industry and such other factors as the department deems pertinent. In selecting the specific sites, due regard shall be given to general suitability for service and economy of development as evidenced by convenience of access, adequacy of available area, character of topography and soils, freedom from hazards and obstructions to flight and other pertinent consideration.History:  1971 c. 164 s. 84; 1971 c. 192, 228; 1977 c. 29, 98, 272.
WI Stat § 114.02 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.02 - Sky sovereignty.

114.02  Sky sovereignty. Sovereignty in the space above the lands and waters of this state is declared to rest in the state, except where granted to and assumed by the United States.
WI Stat § 114.03 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.03 - Landowner's rights skyward.

114.03  Landowner's rights skyward. The ownership of the space above the lands and waters of this state is declared to be vested in the several owners of the surface beneath, subject to the right of flight described in s. 114.04.
WI Stat § 114.04 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.04 - Flying and landing, limitations.

114.04  Flying and landing, limitations. Subject to ss. 114.105 (3) and 175.55, and except as provided in ss. 114.045 and 942.10, flight of or in aircraft or spacecraft over the lands and waters of this state is lawful, unless at such a low altitude as to intentionally interfere with the then existing use to which the land or water, or the space over the land or water, is put by the owner, or unless so conducted as to be imminently dangerous or damaging to persons or property lawfully on the land or water beneath. The landing of an aircraft or spacecraft on the lands or waters of another, without the person's consent, is unlawful, except in the case of a forced landing. For damages caused by a forced landing, however, the owner or lessee of the aircraft or spacecraft or the aeronaut or astronaut shall be liable, as provided in s. 114.05.History:  1993 a. 492; 2005 a. 335; 2013 a. 213; 2015 a. 318; 2017 a. 322.Since federal laws and regulations preempt local control of aircraft flights, s. 114.04 cannot be invoked to make unlawful flights that are in accordance with federal laws and regulations. Luedtke v. County of Milwaukee, 521 F.2d 387.Luedtke, to the extent it holds that all common law remedies for airport noise and pollution have been preempted by federal law, is overruled. Bieneman v. Chicago 1, 864 F.2d 463 (1988).
WI Stat § 114.045 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.045 - Limitation on the operation of drones.

114.045  Limitation on the operation of drones. (1) No person may operate a drone, as defined in s. 941.292 (1), over a correctional institution, as defined in s. 801.02 (7) (a) 1., including any grounds of the institution, except that a person may operate a drone over an institution that is a state facility with the express authorization of the secretary of corrections or his or her designee or over an institution that is a county facility with the express authorization of the sheriff of the county or his or her designee. (2) Any person who violates sub. (1) may be required to forfeit not more than $5,000. (3) A law enforcement officer investigating an alleged violation of sub. (1) shall seize and transfer to the department of corrections or authority in charge of the correctional institution any photograph, motion picture, other visual representation, or data that represents a visual image that was created or recorded by a drone during an alleged violation of sub. (1). History:  2015 a. 318; 2017 a. 365; 2021 a. 52.
WI Stat § 114.05 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.05 - Damages by aircraft or spacecraft.

114.05  Damages by aircraft or spacecraft. The liability of the owner, lessee and pilot of every aircraft or spacecraft operating over the lands or waters of this state for injuries or damage to persons or property on the land or water beneath, caused by the ascent, descent or flight of such aircraft or spacecraft, or the dropping or falling of the aircraft or spacecraft or of any object or material therefrom, shall be determined by the law applicable to torts on land, except that there shall be a presumption of liability on the part of the owner, lessee or pilot, as the case may be, where injury or damage is caused by the dropping or falling of the aircraft or spacecraft or of any object or material therefrom, which presumption may be rebutted by proof that the injury or damage was not caused by negligence on the part of the owner, lessee or pilot and the burden of proof in such case shall be upon such owner, lessee or pilot to show absence of negligence on his or her part.History:  1993 a. 492; 2005 a. 335.
WI Stat § 114.06 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.06 - Inter-aircraft liability.

114.06  Inter-aircraft liability. The liability of the owner of one aircraft, to the owner of another aircraft, or to aeronauts or passengers on either aircraft, for damage caused by collision on land or in the air shall be determined by the rules of law applicable to torts on land.This section does not make rules of the road under ch. 346 applicable to airplanes. Air Wisconsin, Inc. v. North Central Airlines, Inc. 98 Wis. 2d 301, 296 N.W.2d 749 (1980).
WI Stat § 114.07 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.07 - Criminal jurisdiction.

114.07  Criminal jurisdiction. All crimes, torts and other wrongs committed by or against an aeronaut, astronaut, or passenger while in flight over this state shall be governed by the laws of this state; and the question whether damage occasioned by or to an aircraft or spacecraft while in flight over this state constitutes a tort, crime or other wrong by or against the owner of such aircraft or spacecraft, shall be determined by the laws of this state.History:  2005 a. 335.
WI Stat § 114.08 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.08 - Contracts made in flight.

114.08  Contracts made in flight. All contractual and other legal relations entered into by aeronauts or passengers while in flight over this state shall have the same effect as if entered into on the land or water beneath.
WI Stat § 114.095 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.095 - Dropping objects prohibited.

114.095  Dropping objects prohibited. No operator of an aircraft and no passenger therein shall drop any object therefrom except loose water or loose sand ballast; provided, however, that this section shall not prohibit the dusting or spraying of vegetation with insecticides dropped from airplanes, or the sowing of seeds, or the depositing of fish in lakes or streams, or the delivery of packages or mail by dropping from airplanes, or other similar practices, when such is done in accordance with the federal regulations applicable thereto.
WI Stat § 114.10 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.10 - Killing birds or animals.

114.10  Killing birds or animals. Any person who, while in flight within this state, intentionally kills or attempts to kill any birds or animals or who shoots at any bird or animal from an aircraft is subject to the penalties provided under s. 29.971 (7).History:  1981 c. 243; 1997 a. 248.
WI Stat § 114.103 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.103 - Private security personnel; report to a law enforcement authority.

114.103  Private security personnel; report to a law enforcement authority. (1) In this section:(a) “Controlled substance" has the meaning given in s. 961.01 (4).(am) “Controlled substance analog" has the meaning given in s. 961.01 (4m).(b) “Law enforcement officer" has the meaning given in s. 165.85 (2) (c).(c) “Private security person" has the meaning given in s. 440.26 (1m), but does not include any law enforcement officer.NOTE:  The cross-reference to s. 440.26 (1m) was changed from s. 440.26 (1m) (h) by the legislative reference bureau under s. 13.92 (1) (bm) 2. to reflect the consolidation and renumbering of s. 440.26 (1m) (intro.) and (h) under s. 13.92 (1) (bm) 2. (2) (a) If any private security person acting in the course of his or her employment at an airport believes, on the basis of personal observation, that someone possesses a controlled substance or a controlled substance analog, without a prescription or an authorization for that possession, or possesses $10,000 or more in cash or that a shipment contains a controlled substance or controlled substance analog or $10,000 or more in cash, the private security person shall report, as soon as practicable and by telephone or in person, to the county sheriff's office or the police department of the municipality in which the airport is located.(b) A report under par. (a) shall contain all of the following information, unless the information is unobtainable by the person making the report:1. The name, business address and business telephone number of the person submitting the report.2. The name, address and telephone number of any person who is the subject of the report.3. The date, time and location of the conduct or shipment that is the subject of the report.4. A description of the conduct or shipment being reported, including personal observations and all other factors leading to the reporter's conclusion that the conduct or shipment has occurred. (3) Any private security person who violates sub. (2) may be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned for not more than 30 days or both.History:  1991 a. 269; 1995 a. 448, 461; s. 13.92 (1) (bm) 2.
WI Stat § 114.105 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.105 - Local regulation.

114.105  Local regulation. (1) In this section:(a) “Drone" means an aircraft operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.(b) “Political subdivision" means a city, village, town, or county. (2) A political subdivision may adopt any ordinance in strict conformity with the provisions of this chapter and impose the same penalty for violation of any of its provisions except that an ordinance under this subsection may not provide for the suspension or revocation of pilot or aircraft licenses or certificates. (3) A political subdivision may enact an ordinance limiting the use of drones by the political subdivision. (4) (a) No political subdivision may enact any ordinance governing aircraft or aeronautics or spacecraft or astronautics contrary to or inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter or federal law.(b) Except as provided in sub. (3), no political subdivision may regulate the ownership or operation of a drone.History:  1983 a. 151; 2005 a. 335; 2017 a. 322.
WI Stat § 114.12 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.12 - Condemnation of lands for airports and spaceports.

114.12  Condemnation of lands for airports and spaceports. Any lands acquired, owned, controlled or occupied by such counties, cities, villages and towns for the purposes enumerated in s. 114.11 shall and are hereby declared to be acquired, owned, controlled and occupied for a public purpose, and as a matter of public necessity, and such cities, villages, towns or counties shall have the right to acquire property for such purpose or purposes under the power of eminent domain as and for a public necessity including property owned by other municipal corporations and political subdivisions and including any street, highway, park, parkway or alley, provided that no state trunk highway shall be so acquired without the prior consent of the department. Whenever the county, city, village or town as the case may be shall own all land or access rights on both sides of such street, highway, park, parkway or alley, it may, within the limits where it has ownership or access rights on both sides, notwithstanding any other provisions of law, vacate and close such public way by resolution of the governing body of the county, city, village or town acquiring it and no damages shall be assessed against such county, city, village or town by reason of such closing, except as may be allowed in a particular condemnation action where the lands or rights in lands necessary for such airport or spaceport are so acquired. If such closing shall leave any part of such street, highway, parkway or alley without access to another public street or highway, the county, town, city or village effecting such closing shall immediately provide such access at its expense.History:  1977 c. 29 s. 1654 (8) (a); 2005 a. 335.
WI Stat § 114.13 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.13 - Purchase of land for airports and spaceports.

114.13  Purchase of land for airports and spaceports. Private property needed by a county, city, village or town for an airport or landing field or landing and take-off strip, or for a spaceport or spacecraft launch or landing area, or property or rights for the protection of the aerial approaches thereof, shall be acquired by purchase if the city, village, town or county is able to agree with the owners on the terms thereof, and otherwise by condemnation, as provided in s. 32.05. The purchase price or award for real property acquired for an airport or landing field or landing and take-off strip, or for a spaceport or spacecraft launch or landing area, or property or rights for the protection of the aerial approaches thereof, may be paid for the appropriation of moneys available therefor, or wholly or partly from the proceeds of the sale of bonds of the city, village, town or county, as the governing body of such city, village, town or county determines, subject to ch. 67. Such property or rights may be acquired by gift, which the respective governing bodies are authorized to accept.History:  2005 a. 335.
WI Stat § 114.134 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.134 - Airport and spaceport standards and approval.

114.134  Airport and spaceport standards and approval. (1) Public airport and spaceport information. No person shall operate an airport or spaceport within this state that is open to the general public unless effective runway and landing strip lengths are properly reported, published and marked in accordance with applicable federal aviation regulations and federal obstruction standards. (2)  Traverse way clearance. No person shall operate an airport or spaceport within this state unless all runways and landing strips are so located that approaching and departing aircraft or spacecraft clear all public roads, highways, railroads, waterways or other traverse ways by a height which complies with applicable federal standards.  (3)  Airport and spaceport site approval. No person shall construct or otherwise establish a new airport or spaceport or activate an airport or spaceport within this state unless the secretary of transportation issues a certificate of approval for the location of the proposed airport or spaceport. No charge shall be made for application or approval. The secretary may issue a certificate of approval if the secretary determines that the location of the proposed airport or spaceport is compatible with existing and planned transportation facilities in the area. (4)  Public hearings, notice and review.  (a) The secretary may hold a public hearing before the issuance of a certificate of approval.(b) The secretary shall grant a hearing at the request of any applicant after any refusal to issue a certificate. Upon receipt of a request for hearing, the matter shall be referred to the division of hearings and appeals which shall hear and decide the matter.(c) At least 15 days before the date of the hearing a class 1 notice of any public hearing shall be published, under ch. 985, in the official state newspaper and in a paper of general circulation printed and published near the location of the proposed airport or spaceport.(d) Any order or decision of the secretary or division of hearings and appeals is subject to review under ch. 227. (5)  Penalty. Each day on which any person violates any provision of this section shall be considered a separate violation in determining penalties under s. 114.27.History:  1973 c. 242; 1977 c. 29; 1981 c. 347 s. 80 (2); 1993 a. 16, 492; 2005 a. 335.
WI Stat § 114.15 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.15 - Appropriation, taxation for airports.

114.15  Appropriation, taxation for airports. The local authorities of a city, village, town or county to which this chapter is applicable having power to appropriate money therein may annually appropriate and cause to be raised by taxation in such city, village, town or county, a sum sufficient to carry out the provisions of this chapter.
WI Stat § 114.151 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.151 - Union airports and spaceports.

114.151  Union airports and spaceports. All powers conferred upon any county, city, village or town by ss. 114.11 to 114.15, relating to the acquisition, establishment, construction, ownership, control, lease, equipment, improvement, maintenance, operation and regulation of airports or landing fields, or spaceports or spacecraft launch or landing areas, may be exercised by any 2 or more municipalities in the establishment, acquisition, equipment and operation of joint airports or landing fields, or spaceports or spacecraft launch or landing areas. The governing body of any county, city, village or town participating in the ownership or operation of a joint airport or spaceport as provided in this section may by resolution withdraw from such joint operation or control and may relinquish its interest in the airport or spaceport. History:  2005 a. 335.
WI Stat § 114.16 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.16 - Pilots; federal license or permit.

114.16  Pilots; federal license or permit. It shall be unlawful for any person to pilot within this state any civil aircraft, unless such person is the holder of a currently effective pilot's license or student's permit issued by the government of the United States; but this restriction shall not apply to any person operating any aircraft licensed by a foreign country with which the United States has a reciprocal agreement covering the operation of such licensed aircraft.
WI Stat § 114.17 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.17 - Mechanic's license, issue, presentation.

114.17  Mechanic's license, issue, presentation. Any person repairing, adjusting, inspecting or overhauling aircraft or aircraft engines within this state shall be in possession of a mechanic's license issued to the person by the federal government, which must be presented for inspection upon demand of any passenger, peace officer of this state, or any official, manager or person in charge of any airport or landing field in this state.History:  1971 c. 192; 1993 a. 492.
WI Stat § 114.18 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 114 - Aeronautics and astronautics.|114.18 - Aircraft; airworthiness; federal license.

114.18  Aircraft; airworthiness; federal license. It shall be unlawful for any person to operate, pilot or navigate, or cause or authorize to be operated, piloted or navigated within this state any civil aircraft, unless such aircraft has a currently effective license issued by the government of the United States or has been duly identified by the government of the United States but this restriction shall not apply to aircraft licensed by a foreign country with which the United States has a reciprocal agreement covering the operations of such licensed aircraft, or to a nonpassenger-carrying flight solely for inspection or test purposes authorized by the United States to be made without such license.