reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 11-4-504 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 5 - Collection of Documentary Drafts|§ 11-4-504. Privilege of Presenting Bank to Deal With Goods; Security Interest for Expenses

  A presenting bank that, following the dishonor of a documentary draft, has seasonably requested instructions but does not receive them within a reasonable time may store, sell, or otherwise deal with the goods in any reasonable manner.   For its reasonable expenses incurred by action under subsection (a) of this Code section, the presenting bank has a lien upon the goods or their proceeds, which may be foreclosed in the same manner as an unpaid seller's lien.    (Code 1933, § 109A-4 - 504, enacted by Ga. L. 1962, p. 156, § 1; Ga. L. 1996, p. 1306, § 14.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 11 Am. Jur. 2d, Banks and Financial Institutions, §§ 993, 996. 67 Am. Jur. 2d, Sales, § 38.   C.J.S.   - 9 C.J.S., Banks and Banking, § 414 et seq.   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4-504.
GA Code § 11-4A-101 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-101. Short Title

 This article shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Commercial Code - Funds Transfers."    (Code 1981, §11-4A-101, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   6A Am. Jur. Pleading and Practice Forms, Commercial Code, § 4A:3.   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-101.   ALR.   - Effect of Uniform Commercial Code Article 4A on attachment, garnishment, forfeiture or other third-party process against funds transfers, 66 A.L.R.6th 567.
GA Code § 11-4A-102 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-102. Subject Matter

 Except as otherwise provided in Code Section 11-4A-108, this article applies to funds transfers defined in Code Section 11-4A-104.    (Code 1981, §11-4A-102, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-102.   ALR.   - Construction and application to immediate parties of Uniform Commercial Code Article 4A governing funds transfers, 62 A.L.R.6th 1.   Effect of Uniform Commercial Code Article 4A on attachment, garnishment, forfeiture or other third-party process against funds transfers, 66 A.L.R.6th 567.
GA Code § 11-4A-103 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-103. Payment Order - Definitions

  In this article:   "Payment order" means an instruction of a sender to a receiving bank, transmitted orally, electronically, or in writing, to pay, or to cause another bank to pay, a fixed or determinable amount of money to a beneficiary if:   "Beneficiary" means the person to be paid by the beneficiary's bank.   "Beneficiary's bank" means the bank identified in a payment order in which an account of the beneficiary is to be credited pursuant to the order or which otherwise is to make payment to the beneficiary if the order does not provide for payment to an account.   "Receiving bank" means the bank to which the sender's instruction is addressed.   "Sender" means the person giving the instruction to the receiving bank.     If an instruction complying with subsection (a)(1) is to make more than one payment to a beneficiary, the instruction is a separate payment order with respect to each payment.   A payment order is issued when it is sent to the receiving bank.    The instruction does not state a condition to payment to the beneficiary other than time of payment,   The receiving bank is to be reimbursed by debiting an account of, or otherwise receiving payment from, the sender, and   The instruction is transmitted by the sender directly to the receiving bank or to an agent, funds-transfer system, or communication system for transmittal to the receiving bank.    (Code 1981, §11-4A-103, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-103.
GA Code § 11-4A-104 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-104. Funds Transfer - Definitions

 In this article:    "Funds transfer" means the series of transactions, beginning with the originator's payment order, made for the purpose of making payment to the beneficiary of the order.The term includes any payment order issued by the originator's bank or an intermediary bank intended to carry out the originator's payment order.A funds transfer is completed by acceptance by the beneficiary's bank of a payment order for the benefit of the beneficiary of the originator's payment order.   "Intermediary bank" means a receiving bank other than the originator's bank or the beneficiary's bank.   "Originator" means the sender of the first payment order in a funds transfer.   "Originator's bank" means (i) the receiving bank to which the payment order of the originator is issued if the originator is not a bank, or (ii) the originator if the originator is a bank.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-104, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-104.
GA Code § 11-4A-106 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-106. Time Payment Order Is Received

  The time of receipt of a payment order or communication canceling or amending a payment order is determined by the rules applicable to receipt of a notice stated in Code Section 11-1-202. A receiving bank may fix a cut-off time or times on a funds-transfer business day for the receipt and processing of payment orders and communications canceling or amending payment orders. Different cut-off times may apply to payment orders, cancellations, or amendments, or to different categories of payment orders, cancellations, or amendments. A cut-off time may apply to senders generally or different cut-off times may apply to different senders or categories of payment orders. If a payment order or communication canceling or amending a payment order is received after the close of a funds-transfer business day or after the appropriate cut-off time on a funds-transfer business day, the receiving bank may treat the payment order or communication as received at the opening of the next funds-transfer business day.   If this article refers to an execution date or payment date or states a day on which a receiving bank is required to take action, and the date or day does not fall on a funds-transfer business day, the next day that is a funds-transfer business day is treated as the date or day stated, unless the contrary is stated in this article.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-106, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4; Ga. L. 2015, p. 996, § 3B-14/SB 65.)    The 2015 amendment,  effective January 1, 2016, substituted "Section 11-1-202" for "Section 11-1-201(27)" at the end of subsection (a).   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2015, p. 996, § 1-1/SB 65, not codified by the General Assembly, provides: "(a) This Act shall be known and may be cited as the 'Debtor-Creditor Uniform Law Modernization Act of 2015.'   "(b) To promote consistency among the states, it is the intent of the General Assembly to modernize certain existing uniform laws promulgated by the Uniform Law Commission affecting debtor and creditor rights, responsibilities, and relationships and other federally recognized laws affecting such rights, responsibilities, and relationships."   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-106.
GA Code § 11-4A-107 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-107. Federal Reserve Regulations and Operating Circulars

 Regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and operating circulars of the federal reserve banks supersede any inconsistent provision of this article to the extent of the inconsistency.    (Code 1981, §11-4A-107, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4; Ga. L. 2002, p. 415, § 11.)    The 2002 amendment,  effective April 18, 2002, part of an Act to revise, modernize, and correct the Code, revised capitalization in this Code section.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-107.
GA Code § 11-4A-108 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 1 - Subject Matter and Definitions|§ 11-4A-108. Relationship to Federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act

  Except as provided in subsection (b) of this Code section, this article does not apply to a funds transfer any part of which is governed by the federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act of 1978, 15 U.S.C. Section 1693, et seq.   This article shall apply to a funds transfer that is a remittance transfer as defined in the federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1693o-1(g), unless the remittance transfer is an electronic fund transfer as defined in such act, 15 U.S.C. Section 1693(a).   In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between the provisions of this article and the provisions of the federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act of 1978, 15 U.S.C. Section 1693, et seq., such act shall govern and control.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-108, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4; Ga. L. 2002, p. 415, § 11; Ga. L. 2013, p. 1101, § 1/HB 289.)    The 2002 amendment,  effective April 18, 2002, part of an Act to revise, modernize, and correct the Code, revised punctuation in this Code section.    The 2013 amendment,  effective July 1, 2013, in the catchline substituted "Relationship to federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act" for "Exclusion of consumer transactions governed by federal law" and substituted the present provisions of this Code section for the former provisions, which read: "This article does not apply to a funds transfer any part of which is governed by the Electronic Fund Transfer Act of 1978 (Title XX, Public Law 95-630, 92 Stat. 3728, 15 U.S.C. Section 1693, et seq.) as amended from time to time."   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2013, p. 1101, § 1, did not reenact and did not strike "(Title XX, Public Law 95-630, 92 Stat. 3728, 15 U.S.C. Section 1693, et seq.)" in this Code section.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-108.   ALR.   - Validity, construction, and application of Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA), and regulations promulgated thereunder, 15 USCS §§ 1693 et seq., 46 A.L.R. Fed. 2d 473.
GA Code § 11-4A-201 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order|§ 11-4A-201. Security Procedure

 "Security procedure" means a procedure established by agreement of a customer and a receiving bank for the purpose of (i) verifying that a payment order or communication amending or canceling a payment order is that of the customer, or (ii) detecting error in the transmission or the content of the payment order or communication.A security procedure may require the use of algorithms or other codes, identifying words or numbers, encryption, callback procedures, or similar security devices. Comparison of a signature on a payment order or communication with an authorized specimen signature of the customer is not by itself a security procedure.    (Code 1981, §11-4A-201, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-201.
GA Code § 11-4A-202 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order|§ 11-4A-202. Authorized and Verified Payment Orders

  A payment order received by the receiving bank is the authorized order of the person identified as sender if that person authorized the order or is otherwise bound by it under the law of agency.   If a bank and its customer have agreed that the authenticity of payment orders issued to the bank in the name of the customer as sender will be verified pursuant to a security procedure, a payment order received by the receiving bank is effective as the order of the customer, whether or not authorized, if (i) the security procedure is a commercially reasonable method of providing security against unauthorized payment orders, and (ii) the bank proves that it accepted the payment order in good faith and in compliance with the security procedure and any written agreement or instruction of the customer restricting acceptance of payment orders issued in the name of the customer. The bank is not required to follow an instruction that violates a written agreement with the customer or notice of which is not received at a time and in a manner affording the bank a reasonable opportunity to act on it before the payment order is accepted.   Commercial reasonableness of a security procedure is a question of law to be determined by considering the wishes of the customer expressed to the bank, the circumstances of the customer known to the bank, including the size, type, and frequency of payment orders normally issued by the customer to the bank, alternative security procedures offered to the customer, and security procedures in general use by customers and receiving banks similarly situated. A security procedure is deemed to be commercially reasonable if (i) the security procedure was chosen by the customer after the bank offered, and the customer refused, a security procedure that was commercially reasonable for that customer, and (ii) the customer expressly agreed in writing to be bound by any payment order, whether or not authorized, issued in its name and accepted by the bank in compliance with the security procedure chosen by the customer.   The term "sender" in this article includes the customer in whose name a payment order is issued if the order is the authorized order of the customer under subsection (a), or it is effective as the order of the customer under subsection (b).   This Code section applies to amendments and cancellations of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.   Except as provided in this Code section and in Code Section 11-4A-203(a)(1), rights and obligations arising under this Code section or Code Section 11-4A-203 may not be varied by agreement.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-202, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-202.
GA Code § 11-4A-203 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order|§ 11-4A-203. Unenforceability of Certain Verified Payment Orders

  If an accepted payment order is not, under Code Section 11-4A-202(a), an authorized order of a customer identified as sender, but is effective as an order of the customer pursuant to Code Section 11-4A-202(b), the following rules apply:   By express written agreement, the receiving bank may limit the extent to which it is entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order.   The receiving bank is not entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order if the customer proves that the order was not caused, directly or indirectly, by a person (i) entrusted at any time with duties to act for the customer with respect to payment orders or the security procedure, or (ii) who obtained access to transmitting facilities of the customer or who obtained, from a source controlled by the customer and without authority of the receiving bank, information facilitating breach of the security procedure, regardless of how the information was obtained or whether the customer was at fault. Information includes any access device, computer software, or the like.     This Code section applies to amendments of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-203, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-203.
GA Code § 11-4A-204 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order|§ 11-4A-204. Refund of Payment and Duty of Customer to Report With Respect to Unauthorized Payment Order

  If a receiving bank accepts a payment order issued in the name of its customer as sender which is (i) not authorized and not effective as the order of the customer under Code Section 11-4A-202, or (ii) not enforceable, in whole or in part, against the customer under Code Section 11-4A-203, the bank shall refund any payment of the payment order received from the customer to the extent the bank is not entitled to enforce payment and shall pay interest on the refundable amount calculated from the date the bank received payment to the date of the refund.However, the customer is not entitled to interest from the bank on the amount to be refunded if the customer fails to exercise ordinary care to determine that the order was not authorized by the customer and to notify the bank of the relevant facts within a reasonable time not exceeding 90 days after the date the customer received notification from the bank that the order was accepted or that the customer's account was debited with respect to the order. The bank is not entitled to any recovery from the customer on account of a failure by the customer to give notification as stated in this subsection.   Reasonable time under subsection (a) of this Code section may be fixed by agreement as stated in subsection (b) of Code Section 11-1-302, but the obligation of a receiving bank to refund payment as stated in subsection (a) of this Code section may not otherwise be varied by agreement.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-204, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4; Ga. L. 2015, p. 996, § 3B-15/SB 65; Ga. L. 2020, p. 493, § 11/SB 429.)    The 2015 amendment,  effective January 1, 2016, substituted the present provisions of subsection (b) for the former provisions, which read: "Reasonable time under subsection (a) may be fixed by agreement as stated in Code Section 11-1-204(1), but the obligation of a receiving bank to refund payment as stated in subsection (a) may not otherwise be varied by agreement."    The 2020 amendment,  effective July 29, 2020, part of an Act to revise, modernize, and correct the Code, substituted "subsection" for "section" at the end of the last sentence of subsection (a).   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2015, p. 996, § 1-1/SB 65, not codified by the General Assembly, provides: "(a) This Act shall be known and may be cited as the 'Debtor-Creditor Uniform Law Modernization Act of 2015.'   "(b) To promote consistency among the states, it is the intent of the General Assembly to modernize certain existing uniform laws promulgated by the Uniform Law Commission affecting debtor and creditor rights, responsibilities, and relationships and other federally recognized laws affecting such rights, responsibilities, and relationships."   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-204.
GA Code § 11-4A-205 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order|§ 11-4A-205. Erroneous Payment Orders

  If an accepted payment order was transmitted pursuant to a security procedure for the detection of error and the payment order (i) erroneously instructed payment to a beneficiary not intended by the sender, (ii) erroneously instructed payment in an amount greater than the amount intended by the sender, or (iii) was an erroneously transmitted duplicate of a payment order previously sent by the sender, the following rules apply:   If the sender proves that the sender or a person acting on behalf of the sender pursuant to Code Section 11-4A-206 complied with the security procedure and that the error would have been detected if the receiving bank had also complied, the sender is not obliged to pay the order to the extent stated in paragraphs (2) and (3).   If the funds transfer is completed on the basis of an erroneous payment order described in clause (i) or (iii) of subsection (a),the sender is not obliged to pay the order and the receiving bank is entitled to recover from the beneficiary any amount paid to the beneficiary to the extent allowed by the law governing mistake and restitution.   If the funds transfer is completed on the basis of a payment order described in clause (ii) of subsection (a), the sender is not obliged to pay the order to the extent the amount received by the beneficiary is greater than the amount intended by the sender.In that case, the receiving bank is entitled to recover from the beneficiary the excess amount received to the extent allowed by the law governing mistake and restitution.     If (i) the sender of an erroneous payment order described in subsection (a) is not obliged to pay all or part of the order, and (ii) the sender receives notification from the receiving bank that the order was accepted by the bank or that the sender's account was debited with respect to the order, the sender has a duty to exercise ordinary care, on the basis of information available to the sender, to discover the error with respect to the order and to advise the bank of the relevant facts within a reasonable time, not exceeding 90 days, after the bank's notification was received by the sender.If the bank proves that the sender failed to perform that duty, the sender is liable to the bank for the loss the bank proves it incurred as a result of the failure, but the liability of the sender may not exceed the amount of the sender's order.   This Code section applies to amendments to payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-205, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-205.
GA Code § 11-4A-206 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 11 - Commercial Code|Article 4A - Funds Transfers|Part 2 - Issue and Acceptance of Payment Order|§ 11-4A-206. Transmission of Payment Order Through Funds-Transfer or Other Communication System

  If a payment order addressed to a receiving bank is transmitted to a funds-transfer system or other third-party communication system for transmittal to the bank, the system is deemed to be an agent of the sender for the purpose of transmitting the payment order to the bank.If there is a discrepancy between the terms of the payment order transmitted to the system and the terms of the payment order transmitted by the system to the bank, the terms of the payment order of the sender are those transmitted by the system.This Code section does not apply to a funds-transfer system of the federal reserve banks.   This Code section applies to cancellations and amendments of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.     (Code 1981, §11-4A-206, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2685, § 4; Ga. L. 2002, p. 415, § 11.)    The 2002 amendment,  effective April 18, 2002, part of an Act to revise, modernize, and correct the Code, revised capitalization in subsection (a).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   U.L.A.   - Uniform Commercial Code (U.L.A.) § 4A-206.