reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 64.2-456 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 4 - Wills|§ 64.2-456. Bona fide purchaser of real estate without notice of devise protected

The title of a bona fide purchaser without notice from the heir at law of a person who has died heretofore, or who may die hereafter, having title to any real estate of inheritance in the Commonwealth, shall not be affected by a devise of such real estate made by the decedent, unless within one year after the testator's death the will devising the same or, if such will has been probated outside of the Commonwealth, an authenticated copy thereof and the certificate of probate shall be filed for probate before the court or clerk having jurisdiction for that purpose and shall afterwards be admitted to probate and recorded in the proper court or clerk's office as a will of real estate.Code 1950, § 64-91; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-95; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-457 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 4 - Wills|§ 64.2-457. Bona fide purchaser of real estate without notice of devise protected; later will

The title of a bona fide purchaser without notice from the devisee, or from the personal representative with power to sell, encumber, lease, or exchange, under the will of a person who has died heretofore, or may die hereafter, having title to any real estate of inheritance in the Commonwealth, shall not be affected by any other devise of such real estate made by the testator in another will, unless within one year after the testator's death such other will or, if such other will has been probated outside of the Commonwealth, an authenticated copy thereof and the certificate of probate shall be filed for probate before the court or clerk having jurisdiction for that purpose and shall afterwards be admitted to probate and recorded in the proper court or clerk's office as a will of real estate.Code 1950, § 64-92; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-96; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-458 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 4 - Wills|§ 64.2-458. Bona fide purchaser of real estate without notice of devise protected; intestacy

The title of a bona fide purchaser without notice from the devisee, or from the personal representative with power to sell, encumber, lease, or exchange, under the will of a person who has died heretofore, or may die hereafter, having title to any real estate of inheritance in the Commonwealth, shall not be affected by the later impeachment of the testator's will that results in intestacy, unless within one year after the testator's death a complaint is filed before the court having jurisdiction for that purpose.1991, c. 197, § 64.1-96.1; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-500 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-500. Grant of administration with the will annexed

A. If the will does not name an executor, or the executor named refuses to accept, fails to give bond, or dies, resigns, or is removed from office, the court or clerk may grant administration with the will annexed to a person who is a residual or substantial legatee under the will, or his designee, or if such person fails to apply for administration within 30 days, to a person who would have been entitled to administration if there had been no will.B. Administration shall not be granted to any person unless he takes the required oath and gives bond, and the court or clerk is satisfied that he is suitable and competent to perform the duties of his office. Administration shall not be granted to any person under a disability as defined in § 8.01-2.C. If any beneficiary of the estate objects, a spouse or parent who has been barred from all interest in the estate because of desertion or abandonment as provided under § 64.2-308 or 64.2-308.17, as applicable, may not serve as an administrator of the estate.Code 1950, § 64-112; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-116; 1979, c. 323; 2000, c. 321; 2012, c. 614; 2016, cc. 187, 269.
VA Code § 64.2-501 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-501. Oath of executor or administrator with the will annexed

An executor or administrator with the will annexed shall take an oath that the writing admitted to record contains the true last will of the decedent, so far as he knows, and that he will faithfully perform the duties of his office to the best of his judgment. Such oath may be taken on behalf of a corporation by its president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer, or trust officer.Code 1950, § 64-113; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-117; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-503 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-503. Oath and bond of administrator of intestate estate

An administrator of an intestate estate shall give bond and take an oath that the decedent has left no will, so far as he knows, and that he will faithfully perform the duties of his office to the best of his judgment. Such oath may be taken on behalf of a corporation by its president, a vice-president, secretary, treasurer, or trust officer.Code 1950, § 64-115; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-119; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-504 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-504. Bond of executor or administrator

A. Except as provided in subsection B, every bond of an executor or administrator shall be, at least, in an amount equal to (i) the full value of the personal estate of the decedent to be administered, or (ii) if the will authorizes the executor or administrator to sell real estate, or receive the rents and profits thereof, the full value of the personal estate and such real estate, or the rents and profits thereof, as the case may be.B. Upon the request of an executor or administrator, the clerk shall redetermine the amount of the bond in light of any reduction in the current market value of the estate in the executor's or administrator's possession or subject to his power, whether such reduction is due to disbursements, distributions, or valuation of assets, if such reduction is reflected in an accounting that has been confirmed by the court or an inventory that has been approved by the commissioner of accounts and recorded in the clerk's office. This provision shall not apply to any bond set by the court.Code 1950, § 64-116; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-120; 1996, c. 317; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-505 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-505. When security not required

A. The court or clerk shall require a personal representative to furnish security. However, the court or clerk shall not require a personal representative to furnish security if:1. All distributees of a decedent's estate or all beneficiaries under the decedent's will are personal representatives of that decedent's estate, whether serving alone or with others who are not distributees or beneficiaries; however, if all personal representatives of a testate decedent are entitled to file a statement in lieu of an accounting under § 64.2-1314, the security shall be required only upon the portion of their bond given in connection with the property passing to beneficiaries who are not personal representatives; or2. The will waives security of an executor nominated therein.B. Notwithstanding subsection A, upon the motion of a legatee, devisee, or distributee of an estate, or any person who has a pecuniary interest in an estate, the court or clerk may require the personal representative to furnish security. A copy of such motion shall be served upon the personal representative. The court shall conduct a hearing on the motion and may require the personal representative to furnish security in an amount it deems sufficient and may award the movant reasonable attorney fees and costs which shall be paid out of the estate.C. This section shall be deemed to permit qualification without security where the personal representative is the only distributee or only beneficiary by virtue of one or more instruments of disclaimer filed prior to, or at the time of, such personal representative's qualification.Code 1950, § 64-117; 1966, c. 325; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-121; 1970, c. 426; 1974, c. 140; 1977, c. 144; 1994, c. 393; 1996, c. 57; 2012, c. 614; 2014, c. 291; 2015, c. 631.
VA Code § 64.2-506 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-506. When letters of administration and order for obtaining probate in due form are required

The court or clerk may issue a certificate of qualification to any personal representative for obtaining probate or letters of administration, which shall be given the same effect as the probate or letters made out in due form. The clerk when required by any personal representative, shall make out such probate or letters in due form that shall be signed by the clerk, sealed with the seal of the court, and certified by the judge to be attested in due form.Code 1950, § 64-118; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-122; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-507 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-507. Clerks to deliver statement of responsibilities

The clerk of any court in which any person qualifies as executor or administrator of an estate shall deliver to such person, at the time of qualification, a statement in at least the following form: "As an executor or administrator of an estate, you are charged with the responsibility of filing any income, inheritance or estate tax returns required by state or federal law and an accounting of your handling of the estate."1980, c. 292, § 64.1-122.1; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-509 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-509. List of heirs

A. Every personal representative of a decedent, whether the decedent died testate or intestate, shall, at the time of his qualification, and every proponent of a will where there is no qualification of a personal representative, shall, at the time the will is presented for probate, furnish a list of heirs under oath in accordance with a form provided to each clerk of court by the Office of the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court or a computer-generated facsimile thereof to the court or clerk where the personal representative qualifies and to the clerk of the circuit court for the jurisdiction where any real estate that is part of the decedent's estate is located.B. If there has been no qualification of a personal representative within 30 days following the decedent's death, a list of heirs, made under oath in accordance with the form provided to each clerk or a computer-generated facsimile thereof, may be filed by any heir at law of a decedent who died intestate.C. The clerk shall record the list of heirs in the will book and index the list in the name of the decedent and the heirs. A list of heirs made under oath and recorded pursuant to this section shall be prima facie evidence of the facts contained in the list. The cost of recording the list shall be deemed a part of the cost of administration and be paid out of the estate of the decedent.D. The personal representative shall not receive any compensation for his services until the list of heirs is filed unless he files an affidavit before the commissioner of accounts that the heirs are unknown to him and that after diligent inquiry he has been unable to ascertain their names, ages, or addresses, as the case may be.E. The list of heirs filed pursuant to this section shall reflect the heirs in existence on the date of the decedent's death. If there are any changes as to who should be included on the list of heirs, an additional list of heirs shall be filed that includes such changes.Code 1950, § 64-127; 1954, c. 182; 1968, cc. 384, 656, § 64.1-134; 1984, c. 339; 1994, c. 327; 1998, c. 610; 2010, c. 585; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-510 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-510. Affidavit relating to real estate of intestate decedent

A. Any person having an interest in real estate that is part of an intestate decedent's estate, including a personal representative who has qualified, may execute an affidavit, on a form provided to each clerk of the court by the Office of the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court or a computer-generated facsimile thereof, setting forth briefly (i) a description of the real estate owned by the decedent at the time of his death situated within the jurisdiction where the affidavit is to be recorded; (ii) that the decedent died intestate; and (iii) the names and last known addresses of the decedent's heirs at law. The clerk of the circuit court of the jurisdiction where such real estate or any part thereof is located shall record and index the affidavit as wills are recorded and indexed in the name of the decedent and the heirs.B. The clerk of the circuit court of the jurisdiction where the affidavit is recorded shall transmit an abstract of the affidavit to the commissioner of the revenue of such jurisdiction. In lieu of a printed paper copy of such abstract, the clerk may provide an electronic abstract or secure remote electronic access to such abstract to the commissioner. Upon receipt of the affidavit, the commissioner may transfer the real estate upon the land books and assess the real estate in accordance therewith.Code 1950, § 64-127.1; 1952, c. 149; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-135; 1998, c. 610; 2012, c. 614; 2017, c. 42.
VA Code § 64.2-511 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-511. Powers of executor before qualification

A person named in a will as executor shall not exercise the powers of executor until he qualifies as such by taking an oath and giving bond in the court or before the clerk where the will or an authenticated copy thereof is admitted to record, except that he may provide for the burial of the testator, pay reasonable funeral expenses, and preserve the estate from waste.Code 1950, § 64-128; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-136; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-512 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-512. Funeral expenses

Subject to the provisions of § 64.2-528, reasonable funeral and burial expenses of a decedent shall be considered an obligation of the decedent's estate, which shall be liable for such expenses to (i) the funeral establishment, (ii) the cemetery, (iii) any third-party creditor who finances the payment of such expenses, or (iv) any person authorized to make arrangements for the funeral of the decedent who has paid such expenses. A person who is authorized to make arrangements for the funeral of the decedent shall have the authority to bind the decedent's estate for such expenses and may execute, on behalf of the estate, any necessary instruments.1999, c. 193, § 64.1-136.1; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-513 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-513. Effect of death, resignation, or removal of sole executor

Upon the death, resignation, or removal of the sole surviving executor under any last will, administration of the estate of the testator not already administered may be granted, with the will annexed, to any person the court deems appropriate.Code 1950, § 64-129; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-137; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-514 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-514. Duty of every personal representative

Every personal representative shall administer, well and truly, the whole personal estate of his decedent.Code 1950, § 64-131; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-139; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-515 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-515. Duty of fiduciaries as to joint accounts

A. Except as provided in subsection B, a fiduciary charged with the administration of the estate of a decedent is not required to assert a claim on behalf of the decedent's estate to any funds on deposit in any financial institution in a joint account held, at the time of the decedent's death, in the name of the decedent and one or more other persons when the terms of the contract of deposit, or the laws of the state in which such funds are deposited, permit such financial institution to pay the funds to (i) any of such persons in whose name the account is held, whether the other, or others, are living or not, or (ii) a named survivor or survivors.B. The fiduciary shall assert a claim to such funds if he receives a request in writing from any person interested in the estate within six months from the date of the initial qualification of the estate. The fiduciary, or his attorney, shall acknowledge in writing receipt of such request within 10 days, and if the fiduciary is the surviving cotenant of such funds, the fiduciary shall segregate such funds and place such funds in an interest-bearing account, awaiting an appropriate court order concerning the ultimate disposition of such funds. The fiduciary shall not use such funds for his own personal account. However, if the fiduciary accedes to the request that such funds be treated as estate funds, the fiduciary may distribute the funds according to law without any court order.Code 1950, § 64-131.1; 1966, c. 600; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-140; 1970, c. 425; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-516 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-516. Duties of fiduciaries as to certain obligations of the United States

A. Except as provided in subsection B, a fiduciary charged with the administration of the estate of a decedent is not required to assert a claim to or seek to recover the whole or any part of funds arising from the redemption or payment of bonds of the United States that are paid or payable to others under the applicable laws of the United States or rules and regulations of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.B. The fiduciary shall assert a claim to such funds if he receives a request in writing from any person interested in the estate within six months from the date of the initial qualification of the estate. The fiduciary, or his attorney, shall acknowledge in writing receipt of such request within 10 days, and if the fiduciary is the co-owner of such funds, the fiduciary shall segregate such funds and place such funds in an interest-bearing account, awaiting an appropriate court order concerning the ultimate disposition of such funds. The fiduciary shall not use such funds for his own personal account. However, if the fiduciary accedes to the request that such funds be treated as estate funds, the fiduciary may distribute the funds according to law without any court order.Code 1950, § 64-131.2; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-141; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-517 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-517. Exercise of discretionary powers by surviving executors or administrators with the will annexed

A. When discretionary powers are conferred upon the executors under any will and some, but not all, of the executors die, resign, or become incapable of acting, the executors or executor remaining shall continue to exercise the discretionary powers conferred by the will, unless the will expressly provides that the discretionary powers cannot be exercised by fewer than all of the original executors named in the will.B. When discretionary powers are conferred upon the executors under any will and all of the executors or the sole executor if only one is named in the will dies, resigns, or becomes incapable of acting, the administrator with the will annexed appointed by the court shall exercise the discretionary powers conferred by the will upon the original executors or executor, unless the will expressly provides that the discretionary powers can only be exercised by the executors or executor named in the will.Code 1950, § 64-132; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-142; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-518 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-518. When personal representative may renew obligation of decedent

A. When a decedent is obligated on any note, bond, or other obligation for the payment of money that is due at the time of the decedent's death, or becomes due prior to the settlement of the decedent's estate, the decedent's personal representative may execute, in the same capacity as the decedent was obligated, a new note, bond, or other obligation for the payment of money for no more than the same amount as the sum due on the original obligation, including both principal and interest, which shall be in lieu of the obligation of the decedent, whether made payable to the original holder or another. Any note, bond, or other obligation executed by the personal representative shall be binding upon the estate of the decedent to the same extent and in the same manner as the original note, bond, or other obligation executed by the decedent.B. The personal representative may renew such note, bond, or other obligation for the payment of money from time to time, provided, that the time for final payment of the note, bond, or other obligation, or any renewal thereof, shall not exceed two years from the qualification of the original personal representative, unless otherwise ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction.C. The personal representative is not personally liable for any note, bond, or other obligation for the payment of money executed pursuant to this section.Code 1950, § 64-133; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-143; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-519 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-519. Suits upon judgment and contracts of decedent and actions for personal injury or wrongful death

A personal representative may sue or be sued (i) upon any judgment for or against the decedent, (ii) upon any contract of or with the decedent, or (iii) in any action for personal injury or wrongful death against or on behalf of the estate.Code 1950, § 64-134; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-144; 2001, c. 223; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-520 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-520. Action for goods carried away, or for waste, destruction of, or damage to estate of decedent

A. Any action for damages for the taking or carrying away of any goods, or for the waste, destruction of, or damage to any estate of or by the decedent, whether such damage be direct or indirect, may be maintained by or against the decedent's personal representative.B. Any action pursuant to this section shall survive pursuant to § 8.01-25.Code 1950, § 64-135; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-145; 1977, c. 624; 2004, c. 368; 2012, c. 614; 2017, cc. 43, 93.