10A V.S.A. § 10
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 10 Appendix - Conservation and Development|Chapter 1 - Game|App § 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule

§ 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule| 1.0 AuthorityThis rule is adopted pursuant to 10 V.S.A. §§ 5402, 5403, and 5408 which provides that the Secretary "shall adopt by rule a state-endangered species list and a state threatened species list," and may "adopt rules for the protection and conservation of endangered and threatened species." 2.0 PurposeThe purpose of this rule is to identify and list species of wild plants and animals that have been determined by the Secretary to be endangered and threatened in Vermont so that they may be protected under the law. The rule also sets out a process for Takings and Possession permits.  3.0 Definitions  3.1 "Endangered Species" means those species whose continued existence as viable components of the state's wild flora or fauna is determined to be in jeopardy or determined to be an "endangered species" under the federal Endangered Species Act. 3.2 "Listed Species" means any species that appears on the List in Section 5.0 of this rule, or has been determined to be threatened or endangered by other relevant law. 3.3 "Secretary"  means the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources except where otherwise specified. 3.4 "Take and taking" with respect to wildlife means pursuing, shooting, hunting, killing, capturing, trapping, snaring and netting fish, birds and quadrupeds and all lesser acts, such as disturbing, harrying or worrying or wounding or placing, setting, drawing or using any net or other device commonly used to take fish or wild animals, whether they result in the taking or not; and shall include every attempt to take and every act of assistance to every other person in taking or attempting to take fish or wild animals, provided that when taking is allowed by law, reference is had to taking by lawful means and in lawful manner, and with respect to wild plants means uprooting, transplanting, cutting, injuring or killing or any attempt to do the same or assisting another who is doing or is attempting to do the same, consistent with the definitions found in 10 V.S.A. §§ 5401 (14) and 4001(23). 3.5 "Threatened Species" means those species that are likely within the foreseeable future to become Endangered.    4.0 Permits for Taking and Possession  4.1 No person shall take or possess an endangered or threatened species, except when exempted as provided for in 10 V.S.A. § 5408. 4.2 Pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) the Secretary may, after receiving the advice of the Endangered Species Committee, grant permits for the taking and possession of an endangered or threatened species: for scientific purposes; to enhance the propagation of species; to prevent or mitigate economic hardship; for zoological exhibition; for educational purposes; for noncommercial cultural or ceremonial purposes to a person for the collection and possession of a dead salvage bird or parts thereof, including bird feathers, provided that the permit issued complies with federal requirements regarding collection and possession of migratory birds and the bird was legally acquired, transferred from an individual who acquired it legally, or found dead and the permittee had no part in the intentional killing of the bird; or for a special purpose consistent with the purpose of the Federal Endangered Species Act ( see 16 U.S.C. § 1531(b)). 4.3 An applicant for a Taking and Possession permit shall submit an administratively complete application to the Secretary, specifying for which purpose(s) the permit is required, as listed in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a). 4.4 An administratively complete application shall include all information deemed necessary by the Secretary to evaluate the application. An application shall include a description of the possible impacts due to the proposed action and a plan for conservation or mitigation. The fee or mitigation proposal as required by 10 V.S.A. ch. 123 shall accompany the application. 4.5 Avoidance and Minimization  (a) Applicants for Takings and Possession permits shall have the burden to show that reasonable steps have been taken in to avoid and minimize takings. The Applicant shall provide information that demonstrates:  (1) The proposed activity cannot practicably be designed to avoid taking and still satisfy the basic project purpose; and (2) If avoidance of taking of a listed species cannot practicably be achieved, the proposed activity has been planned to minimize adverse impacts on the listed species.  (b) The Secretary may require an applicant to submit additional information that the Secretary considers necessary to make a decision on the issuance or denial of a permit. The Secretary may dismiss the application without prejudice if the requested information is not provided to the Secretary within sixty (60) days of the Secretary's request. (c) In determining whether the burden has been met, the Secretary shall evaluate the potential effect of any proposed activity on the basis of both its direct and immediate effects, as well as on the basis of any cumulative or on-going effects on the listed species.  4.6 Mitigation  (a) Mitigation may be required when full compliance with the requirements of 4.5 of this rule is insufficient to achieve no taking.  (1) Mitigation may include permanent conservation of habitat in which the same species exists, ongoing monitoring of conserved areas, and treatment of conserved areas for the purposes of restoration or propagation of listed species. (2) The mitigation may also include payment of fees to a state "in-lieu fee" program or mitigation fund approved by the Secretary.   4.7 Hearings  (a) The Secretary may conduct a non-adversarial, public hearing in order to evaluate the application. Such a hearing will be held within 60 (sixty) days of the receipt of the administratively complete application. (b) When a petition has been denied and no public hearing has been held, the Applicant may request in writing to the Secretary that a hearing be held regarding the proposed activity. The Secretary will conduct a hearing within 30 (thirty) days of receipt of the request.  4.8 Permit Conditions The Secretary may require, as part of any issued permit, conditions for the protection and conservation of endangered species, per 10 V.S.A. ch. 123. 4.9 The Secretary shall inform an applicant of a decision to approve or deny a permit no more than 60 (sixty) days following an application being deemed administratively complete unless the Secretary determines there is just cause. 4.10 The Secretary maintains continuing jurisdiction over activities permitted under this rule and may, at any time, order the permittee to undertake remedial measures to ensure the protection and conservation of listed species.    5.0 Listing  5.1 The following list of plants and animals is adopted as the Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species List pursuant to 10 V.S.A. ch. 123.     5.2 PlantsScientific Name              Common Name                Status                 Date                                                                                                            Listed*PLANTSAPIACEAE PARSLEY    FAMILY                                                        Sanicuia canadensis var.        Short-styled snakeroot            T                      1                canadensis L.                                                                 Sanicula canadensis var.        Greater short-styled                T                      1                 grandis Fern.                                   snakeroot                                       Taenidia integerrima (L.)     Yellow pimpernel                   T                      1                 Drude                                                                          ARACEAE-ARUM   FAMILY                                                            Arisaema dracontium (L.)      Green dragon                          T                      1                 Schott                                                                         ASCLEPIADACEAE-  MILKWEED FAMILY                                                 Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm.   Blunt-leaved milkweed        T                      1              Asclepias tuberosa L.               Butterfly-weed                     T                      1             Asclepias verticillata L.            Whorled Milkweed               E                      11  ASPLENIACEAE-SPLEEN-  WORT FAMILY                                                 Asplenium montanum Willd.   Mountain spleenwort           T                      1              Asplenium viride Huds.           Green spleenwort                 T                      1               *(Aspelenium trichomanes-                                                     ramosum L.)                                                                  ASTERACEAE-ASTER    FAMILY                                                        Eupatorium sessilifolium L.   Sessile-leaved boneset           E                      4              Helianthus strumosus L.         Harsh sunflower                     T                      1              Lactuca hirsuta Muhl.             Hairy lettuce                          T                      5                 Ex. Nutt. Nabalus boottii D.C.               Boott's rattlesnake-root          E                      1               *(Prenanthes boottii (DC.)                                                     A. Gray)                                                                       Omalotheca sylvatica                                                          L. Schultz-Bip. & F.W.          Woodland cudweed               E                      4                 Schultz Petasites frigidus var.              Sweet coltsfoot                      T                      1             palmatus (Ait.)                                                                Cronq.                                                                        Polymnia canadensis L.          White-flowered leafcup         E                      5, A            Solidago odora ssp. Odora       Sweet goldenrod                   T                      1                 Ait. *(Solidgo odora Ait.) Solidago ulmifolia Muhl.        Elm-leaved goldenrod           E                      4, A               ex. Willd.                                                                         BETULACEAE-BIRCH    FAMILYBetula minor (Tuckerman)       Dwarf birch                           E                      11   Fern. BLECHNACEAE-CHAIN   FERN FAMILY                                                  Woodwardia virginica (L.)     Sm. Virginia chain-fern         T                      1              BORAGINACEAE-BORAGE    FAMILY                                                     Cynoglossum virginianum      Northern wild camfrey          T                      1                 var. boreale (Fern.)                                                             Cooperider                                                                     Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb)    Nodding stickseed                T                      1                Opiz ssp. americana   (Gray) A. & D. Löve                                                                           BRASSICACEAE-   MUSTARD FAMILY                                                   Arabidopsis lyrata                     Lyre-leaved rock-cress         T                      1             (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz                                                        *(Arabis lyrata L.)                                                         Boechera stricta (Graham)        Drummond's rock-cress      E                      4               *(Arabis drummondii A.   Gray)                                                Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.)       Northern rock-cress               T                     1                B.L. Rob.Draba canna Rydb.                    Hoary draba                          T                     1  *(Draba breweri var. cana   (Rydb.) Rollins)Draba glabella Pursh                  Smooth draba                       T                      1Rorippa aquatica                     Lake-cress                              T                      1               *(Neobeckia aquatica (Eaton)                                                  Greene                                                                       BRYACEAE-BRYUM MOSS FAMILY                                                     Plagiobryum zieri (Hedw.)                A moss                                    E                      3             Lindb.                                                                         CAPRIFOLIACEAE-HONEYSUCKLE                                                    FAMILY                                                                         Viburnum edule (Michx.)      Squashberry                            T                      1    Raf.       CARYOPHLLACEAE-PINK FAMILY                                                     Minuartia marcescens            Marcescent sandwort              T                      1                   (Fern.) House                                                                Minuartia rubella                   Marble sandwort                     T                      1                  (Wahlenb.) Hiern                                                              CISTACEAE-ROCK-ROSE FAMILY                                                     Crocanthemum bicknellii                                                            (Fern) Janchen                  Plains frostweed                       T                     1              Hudsonia tomentosa Nutt.     Beach heather                          E                     1                 *(Helianthemum bicknellii                                                       Fern.)                                                                         Lechea mucronata Raf.         Hairy pinweed                        E                      4              CLUSIACEAE-                                                                       ST. JOHN'S-WORT                                                                  FAMILY                                                                       Hypericum ascyron L.          Great St. John's-wort              T                      1              CONVOLVULACEAE-                                                                   MORNING-GLORY    FAMILY                                                         Calystegia spithamaeus ssp.    Low bindweed                       T                      1    spithamaea (L.) Pursh    *(Calystegia spithamaeus    (L.) Pursh) CORNACEAE-DOGWOOD FAMILY                                                       Cornus florida L.                   Flowering dogwood                T                      1              CRASSULACEAE-STONECROP FAMILY                                                  Rhodiola rosea L.                   Roseroot                                  T                      1                 *(Sedum rosea L. Scop.)                                                       CUPRESSACEAE-CYPRESS FAMILY                                                    Juniperus horizontalis Moench Creeping juniper                  T                      1              CYPERACEAE-SEDGE FAMILY                                                        Carex arcta Boott                   Contracted sedge                    E                      4              Carex atratiformis Britt.         Blackish sedge                        T                      1              Carex buxbaumii Walenb.     Buxbaum's sedge                    E                      1             Carex capillaris ssp.                Capillary sedge                       T                      1    *(Carex capillaris L.)    capillaris L.Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh,      Creeping sedge                         E                      4                 Ex L. f.                                                                                 Carex foenea Willd.               Bronze sedge                          E                      4              Carex garberi Fern.                Garber's sedge                         T                      1              Carex livida (Wahlenb.)        Pale sedge                              T                      1                Willd. Carex muehlenbergii var.                                                     enervis                                                                        Schkuhr ex Willd.                  Nerveless Muelehberg  Carex muehlenbergii var.     sedge                                       T                      1               muehlenbergii                                                                  Schkuhr ex Willd.                  Muhlenberg's sedge                T                      1              Carex oligocarpa Schkuhr ex Few-fruited sedge                  E                      4             Willd.                                                                         Carex richardsonii R. Br.       Richardson's sedge                  E                      1              Carex siccata Dewey             Hay sedge                               E                      4              Carex vaginata Tausch         Sheathed sedge                       E                      4              Cyperus diandrus Torr.          Low cyperus                           E                      3              Cyperus houghtonii Torr.      Houghton's cyperus                T                      1             Eleocharis quinqueflora          Few-flowered spike rush        T                      1             (Hartmann O. Schwarz                                                            *(Eleocharis pauciflora                                                     (Lightf.) Link)                                                                        Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.)              Autumn fimbristylis                E                      4             Roem. & Schult.                                                                Rhynchospora capillacea       Capillary beak-rush                T                      1                 Torr. Scirpus ancistrochaetus         Barbed-bristle bulrush            E                      4, A           Schuyler                                                                       Trichophorum planifolium                                                     (Spreng.) Palla                        Bashful bulrush                       E                      4, A             *(Scirpus verecundus Fern.)                                                  DIAPENSIACEAE-DIAPENSIA    FAMILY                                                Diapensia lapponica ssp.        Diapensia                                E                      1    lapponica L. *(Diapensia    lapponica L.) DRYOPTERIDACEAE-WOOD FERN FAMILY                                                                         Dryopteris filix-mas (L.)       Male Fern                               T                      1             Schott                                                                         Woodsia alpina (Bolton)        Alpine woodsia                       E                      1                S.F.  Gray                                                                           EQUISETACEAE-HORSETAIL FAMILY                                                  Equisetum palustre L.            Marsh horsetail                       T                      1              ERICACEAE-HEATH FAMILY                                                        Pterospora andromedea         Pinedrops                               E                      4                 Nutt.Pyrola asarifoliea ssp.             Bog wintergreen                     T                      4    asarifolia Michx.    *(Pyrola asarifoliea ssp.    asarifolia Michx.)Pyrola minor L.                       Lesser pyrola                          E                      1              Rhododendron maximum L.  Great laurel                            T                      1             Vaccinium stamineum L.        Deerberry                               E                      5              FABACEAE-PEA FAMILY                                                           Astragalus canadensis var.      Canadian milk-vetch               T                      1    canadensis L.    *(Astragalus canadensis L.)Astragalus robbinsii var.         Jessup's milk-vetch                 E                      1    Jesupii Egglst. & SheldonCrotalaria sagittalis L.            Rattlebox                                 T                      1Desmodium cuspidatum         Large-bracted tick-trefoil       E                      4    (Muhl.ex Willd.) DC     ex Loud.                  Desmondium rotundifolium  Prostrate tick-trefoil                T                      1                 DC. Lathyrus japonicus var.                                                      maritimus                                                                      (L.) Kartesz & Gandhi           Beach-pea                               T                      1               *(Lathyrus maritimus (L.)                                                   Bigelow)                                                                       Lathyrus palustris L.              Marsh vetchling                      T                      1             Lespedeza frutescens (L.)      Violet bush-cover                   T                      1             Hornem                                                                          *(Lespedeza violacea auct.                                                    non (L.) Pers)¹                                                             Lespedeza hirta ssp.                Hairy bush-clover                   T                      4  hirta (L.) Hornem.  *(Lespedeza hirta (L.)  Hornem.)Lupinus perennis L.                Wild lupine                                         E                      6, A            Senna hebecarpa (Fern.)                                                       Irwin & Barneby                    Wild senna                              T                      1              FAGACEAE-BEECH FAMILY                                                          Quercus ilicifolia Wangenh.  Scrub oak                               E                      4              Quercus prinoides Willd.      Dwarf chinkapin oak              E                      7              GENTIANACEAE-GENTIAN FAMILY                                                    Gentiana andrewsii Griseb.   Fringe-top closed                    T                      1                                                     gentian           Gentianella amarella (L.)       Felwort                                    T                      1             Boerner                                                                        Gentianella quinquefolia        Stiff gentian                           T                      1             (L.) Small                                                                          HYDROPHYLLACEAE-                                                               WATERLEAF FAMILY                                                              Hydrophyllum canadense      Broad-leaved waterleaf           T                      1                 (L.)___________________________1 Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. Is now what was formerly known as L. intermedia (S. Watts) Britton and is not listed.   ISOETACEAE-QUILLWORT FAMILY                                                    Isoetes engelmannii A.          Engelmann's quillwort            T                      1                 BraunIsoetes viridimontana              Green Mountain                      E                      11    M. Rosenthal and W.C.      quillwort    Taylor JUNCACEAE-RUSH FAMILY                                                         Juncus greenei Oakes &        Greene's rush                          E                      4                 Tuckerm.                                                                      Juncus militaris Bigelow        Soldier rush                            E                      4             Juncus secundus Beauv. ex    Secund rush                             E                      4                 Poir.                                                                          JUNICAGINACAE-ARROW-GRASS FAMILY                                                                        Triglochin maritima L.          Arrow-grass                            E                      8              LAMIACEAE-MINT                                                                 FAMILY                                                                        Agastache nepetoides (L.)     Yellow giant hyssop               T                      1                 Kuntze                                                                         Agastache scrophulariaefolia Purple giant hyssop                T                      1                  (Willd.) Kuntze                                                               Blephilia hirsuta var.              Smooth wood-mint                 T                      1    glabrata (Fern.)    *(Blephilia hirsuta     (Pursh.) Benth.)Blephilia hirsuta var. hirsuta   Hairy wood-mint                    T                      1     (Pursh.) Benth.    *(Blephilia hirsuta     (Pursh.) Benth.)Dracocephalum parviflorum  American dragonhead             T                      1                  Nutt.                                                                         Physostegia virginiana (L.)     Obedience                               T                      1                  Benth.                                                                         Pycnanthemum incanum        Hoary mountain mint              E                      4                   (L.) Michx.                                                                            LENTIBULARIACEAE-                                                              BLADDERWORT FAMILY                                                            Utricularia resupinata B.D.   Northeastern bladder-             T                      1                  B.D. Greene ex Bigelow                   wort                                            LILIACEAE-LILY FAMILY                                                         Allium canadense var.            Wild garlic                              T                      1     canadense L.     *(allium canadense L.)Anticlea glauca (Nutt.)           White camas                            E                      10    Kunth LYGODIACEAE-CLIMBING FERN FAMILY                                                                         Lygodium palmatum              Climbing fern                         E                      1                   (Bernh.) Sw. MAGNOLIACEAE-  MAGNOLIA FAMILYLiriodendron tuplipfera L.      Tulip tree                                E                      11 MELASTOMATACEAE-                                                               MEADOW-BEAUTY FAMILY                                                          Rhexia virginica L.                Virginia meadow-         beauty                                    T                      1                       MORACEAE-MULBERRY FAMILY                                                       Morus rubra L.                       Red mulberry                          T                      1              NYMPHACEAE-WATER-LILY   FAMILY                                                   Nymphaea leibergii Morong. Pygmy water-lily                    E                      7             ONAGRACEAE-EVENING   PRIM  ROSE FAMILY                                                                   Ludwigia polycarpa Short &  Many-fruited                          E                      1               Peter                                                  false-loosestrife                               OPHIOGLOSSACEAE-ADDER'S-                                                       TONGUE FAMILY                                                                 Botrychium minganense        Mingan moonwort                  E                      1                 Vict.   ORCHIDACEAE-ORCHID FAMILY                                                      Aplectrum hyemale               Putty-root                                T                      1                  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.     Torr.                                                                       Arethusa bulbosa L.                Arethusa                                  T                      1             Calypso bulbosa var.              Fairy slipper                            T                      1    americana (R. Br. ex Ait.    f.) Luer    *(Calypso bulbosa (L.)     Oakes)Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. Autumn coral-root                  T                      1    odontorhiza (Willd.)     Nutt *(Corallorhiza     odontorhiza (Willd.)     Nutt.)Cypripedium arietinum Ait.    Ram's head lady's-slipper       T                      1                f. Isotria medeoloides (Pursh)   Small whorled pogonia          E                      4             Raf.  Isotria verticillata           Large whorled pogonia           T                      1                (Muhl. ex Willd.)  Raf.                                                                         Liparis liliifolia (L.) L.C.       Lily-leaved twayblade             T                     1                Rich.ex Ker-Gawl.Malaxis monophyllos var      White adder's mouth               T                      1                brachypode (Gray) Morris   & Eames *(Malaxis    brachypoda (A. Gray) Fern.)                                                                      Neottia auriculata (Weig.)     Auricled twayblade                  E                      1   Szlach. *(Listeria    auriculato Weig.)Neottia bifolia (Raf.)              Southern twayblade                E                      1   Baumbach *(Listera    australis Lindl.)Platanthera flava var.              Tubercled orchis                     T                      1   herbiola (R. Br. ex    Ait. f.) Luer   *(Platanthera flava (L.)   Lindl.)Platanthera hookeri (Torr.      Hooker's orchis                       T                      1                exGray)  Lindl.                                                                       Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Three-birds orchid                  T                      1             Rydb.                                                                            OROBANCHACEAE-CANCER-ROOT  FAMILY                                                                         Castilleja septentrionalis        Northern-painted-cup             T                      1             Lindl.                                                                         PAPAVERACEAE-POPPY FAMILY                                                      Corydalis aurea Willd.           Golden corydalis                     T                      1              PINACEAE-PINE FAMILY                                                           Pinus banksiana Lamb.         Jack pine                                 T                      1              PLANTAGINACEAE-   PLANTAIN                                                          FAMILY                                                                         Hippuris vulgaris L.               Mare's tail                               E                      4              Veronicastrum virginicum     Culver's-root                          E                      1                 (L.) Farw.                                                                    POACEAE-GRASS                                                                  FAMILY                                                                        Ammophila breviligulata       Champlain beach                    E                      1                ssp. champlainenis                grass   (Seymour) Walker,    Paris, & Barrington                                                             ex Bankworth                                                                   *(Ammophila champlainensis                                                     Seymour)                                                                       Anthoxanthum monticola ssp.   Alpine sweet-grass              T                      1   monticola (Bigelow)    Veldkamp *(Hierochloe    alpina (Swartz) R. & S.;    Anthoxanthum monticola    (Bigelow) Veldkamp)Calamagrostis pickeringii A. Pickering's reed-          E                      8              Gray, Man.                             grass                                                                   Calamagrostis stricta ssp.      Bentgrass                   E                      4             inexpansa                                                                       (Gray) C.W. Greene                                                           Glyceria acutiflora Torr.         Sharp manna-              E                      4                                                             grassPanicum flexile (Gattinger)   Stiff witch-                  E                      4             Piptatheropsis pungens           Slender mountain-       T                     4     (Torr ex Spreng.)               rice    Romasch., P.M. Peterson,     & Serong *(Oryzopsis     pungens (Torr.) Hitchc.;    Piptatherum pungens (Torr.    ex Spreng. Dorn)Sphenopholis nitida                Shiny wedgegrass                   E                      4                  (Biehler) Scribn.                                                                       Sphenopholis obtusata            Blunt spenopholis      E                      4                  (Michx.) Scribn.                                                              Sporobolus compositus           Rough dropseed          E                      1    (Poir.) Merr.    *(Sporobolus asper      (Michx.) Kunth)Vulpia octoflora (Walt.)          Eight-flowered            E                      4                 Rydb.                                  fescue POLEMONIACEAE-PHLOX FAMILY                                                     Polemonium van-bruntiae      Eastern Jacob's            T                      1                 Britt.                                    ladder POLYGONACEAE-BUCKWHEAT FAMILY                                                                        Polygonum douglasii             Douglas' knotweed     E                      4                 Greene PRIMULACEAE-PRIMROSE FAMILY                                                    Primula mistassinica Michx. Bird's-eye primrose    T                      1              PTERIDACEAE-MAIDENHAIR FERN FAMILY                                                                        Adiantum viridimontanum     Green Mountain          T                      5                 Paris                                    maidenhair-fern                                          RANUNCULACEAE-BUTTERCUP FAMILY                                                                       Anemone multifida var.         Early thimbleweed       E                     1    multifida Poir.    *(Anemone multifida Poir.)Hydrastis canadensis L.          Golden-seal                 E                     1Ranunculus allegheniensis      Allegheny                   T                      4    Britt.                                    crowfoot RHAMNACEAE-BUCKTHORN                                                           FAMILY                                                                        Ceanothus herbaceus Raf.      Prairie red-root           E                     1              ROSACEAE-ROSE FAMILY                                                          Potentilla litoralis Rydb.         Northern cinquefoil     E                     4                 *(Potentilla pensylvanica L.                                                    var.  bipinnatifida (Douglas)                                                   T. &  G.)                                                                            Prunus americana Marsh.      Wild plum                   T                     1              Prunus susquehanae Willd.    Susquehanna sand      E                     10                                                cherryRosa acicularis ssp. sayi         Needle-spine rose        E                     4     (Schwein.) W.H. Lewis    *(rosa acicularis Lindl.) RUBIACEAE-MADDER FAMILY                                                        Galium labradoricum Wieg.              Bog bedstraw               T                     1              SALICACEAE-WILLOW FAMILY                                                       Salix plainifolia Pursh           Tea-leaved willow       T                     1              Salix uva-ursi Pursh               Bearberry willow         E                     1              SCHEUCHZIERIACEAE-SCHEUCHZERIA FAMILY                                                                         Scheuchzeria palustria L.     Pod-grass                    T                     1              SPARGANIACEAE-BUR-REED FAMILY                                                                        Sparganium nutans L.            Lesser bur-reed            T                     4              SPHAGNACEAE-SPHAGNUM                                                           FAMILY                                                                        Sphagnum subfulvum Sjors   A peat moss                 E                    3                 *(Sphagnum nitidum     Warnst.)                                                  TOFIELDIACEAE-FALSE                                                           ASPHODEL FAMILY                                                                Triantha glutinosa (Michx.)   Sticky false-asphodel   T                    1                 Baker *(Tofieldia gutinose                                                            (Michx.) Baker)                                                                ULMACEAE-ELM FAMILY                                                            Ulmus thomasii Sarg.            Rock elm                      T                    8             VALERIANACEAE-                                                            VALERIAN FAMILY                                                                        Valeriana uliginosa (Torr.                                           E                     1                 & Marsh valerian Gray)     Rydb.                                                                    VIOLACEAE-VIOLET FAMILY                                                       Viola lanceolata ssp.                Lance-leaved violet      T                   1    lanceolata L.*(Viola lanceolata L.) XYRIDACEAE-YELLOW-EYEDGRASS FAMILYXyris montana Ries                Yellow-eyed grass         T                   1 5.2.1 No enforcement shall be taken and no permit shall be required for the taking of listed threatened or endangered plants in instances where the plants are legally acquired and exist in a cultivated state or are artificially propagated (produced and grown under controlled conditions or originated from cultivated parental stock); unless the plants are cultivated or artificially propagated as part of a recovery plan or, for mitigation purposes in accordance with a takings permit, a directive of the Secretary, or an enforcement action.Scientific Name              Common Name                Status  When                                                                Listed5.3 AMPHIPODSCRANGONYCTIDAE-AGAMMARID AMPHIPODFAMILYStygobromus borealis             Taconic cave                  E                   5                                                amphipod5.4 INSECTS5.4.1APIDAE-BEE FAMILYBombus affinis                         Rusty-patched               E                   11                                                 Bumble BeeBombus ashtoni                       Ashton Cuckoo             E                   11                                                 Bumble Bee Bombus terricola                     Yellow-banded             T                   11                                                 Bumble Bee 5.4.2 No enforcement shall be taken and no permit shall be required for the taking of threatened or endangered bees:  (a) for the application of pesticides unless: (1) The pesticide was not applied in accordance with the applicable federally approved label and state Agency of Agriculture, Food, and Markets (AAFM) regulations or permits; or (2) The Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources after consultation with the Secretary of the Agency of Agriculture, has notified a person of the likely presence of threatened or endangered bees, has advised the person to avoid taking the bees or to obtain a permit, and the person has failed to prevent a taking or obtain a permit. (b) for otherwise legal activities such as, silviculture, mowing, road maintenance, construction, and painting and staining unless: the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources, has notified a person of the likely presence of threatened or endangered bees, has advised the person to avoid taking the bees or to obtain a permit, and the person has failed to prevent a taking or obtain a permit. (c) for aerial spraying or other activities under the direction of the Vermont Department of Health (VDH) to address public health threats such as arbovirus. The Secretary shall coordinate with AAFM and VDH to reduce the likelihood of taking bees.   5.4.3 The Secretary may develop best management practices (BMPs) to avoid and minimize the taking of bees. The Secretary shall consult with the AAFM, the Vermont Agency of Transportation, VDH, and any other interested state agency prior to finalizing the BMPs.Scientific Name              Common Name                Status  When                                                                Listed5.4.4CICINDELIDAE-TIGER BEETLEFAMILYCicindela hirticollis                Hairy-necked tiger      T                      5                                                beetleCicindela marginipennis        Cobblestone tiger        T                      1                                                beetleCicindela puritana                   Puritan tiger beetle     T                      5 5.5 MOLLUSKSMARGARITIFERIDAE-PEARLMUSSEL FAMILYMargaritifera margaritifera    Eastern pearlshell        T                      5 UNIONIDAE-UNIONOID MUSSELFAMILYAlasmidonta heterodon          Dwarf wedge mussel  E                      4, AAlasmidonta varicosa             Brook floater              T                      5Anodontoides ferussacianus               Cylindrical paper-       E                      6                                                shellLampsilis ovata                       Pocketbook                 E                      6Lasmigona costata                  Fluted-shell                E                      6Leptodea fragilis                     Fragile papershell       E                      6Ligumia recta                          Black sand shell          E                     6, BPotamilus alatus                      Pink heelsplitter          E                      6Pyganodon grandis                 Giant floater               T                      6  5.6 FISHACIPENSERIDAE-STURGEONFAMILYAcipenser fulvescens              Lake sturgeon              E                     1 ICTALURIDAE-NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER CATFISH FAMILYNoturus flavus                        Stonecat                      E                      5 PERCIDAE-PERCH FAMILYAmmocrypta pellucida           Eastern sand darter     T                      1Percina copelandi                    Channel darter            E                      6 PETROMYZONTIDAE-LAMPREY FAMILYIchthyomyzon fosser              Northern brook           E                      4, A                                                lampreyLethenteron appendix             American brook          T                      1  *(Lampetra appendix)          lamprey 5.7 AMPHIBIANSBUFONIDAE-TOAD    FAMILYAnaxyrus fowleri                    Fowler's toad               E                     11 HYLIDAE-NEW WORLD TREEFROG FAMILYPseudacris maculata                Boreal chorus frog     E                      10 5.8 REPTILESCOLUBRIDAE-COLUBRID SNAKE FAMILYColuber constrictor                 North American racer T                      7Pantherophis alleghaniensis    Eastern ratsnake         T                      7*(Elaphe obsoleta) EMYDIDAE BOX TURTLE ANDPOND TURTLE FAMILYClemmys guttata                     Spotted turtle              E                      6, C   SCINCIDAE-SKINK FAMILYPlestiodon fasciatus*(Eumeces fasciatus)              Common five-lined     E                     1                                                skink TRONYCHIDAE-SOFTSHELLTURTLE FAMILYApalone spinifera                    Spiny softshell             T                     1 VIPERIDAE-VIPER AND PITVIPER FAMILYCrotalus horridus                    Timber rattlesnake       E                     1  5.9 BIRDSACCIPITRIDAE-HAWK ANDEAGLE FAMILYHaliaeetus leucocephalus       Bald eagle                  E                      1 CAPRIMULGIDAE-NIGHTJARFAMILYAntrostomus sp. vociferous     Eastern whip-             T                      10   *(Caprimulgus vociferus)      poor-willChordeiles minor                     Common nighthawk   E                      10 EMBERIZIDAE-AMERICANSPARROW AND RELATIVESFAMILYAmmodramus henslowii         Henslow's sparrow     E                      1Ammodramus savannarun      Grasshopper sparrow  T                     6 ICTERIDAE-BLACKBIRD FAMILYEuphagus carolinus                  Rusty blackbird          E                     11 LANIIDAE-SHRIKE FAMILYLanius ludovicianus                Loggerhead shrike      E                      1 LARIDAE-GULL AND TERN FAMILYChlidonias niger                      Black tern                    T                      7,BSterna hirindo                         Commom tern             E                     2, A    PHASIANIDAE-TURKEY, GROUSE, PHESANT AND PARTRIDGE FAMILYFalcipennis canadensis           Spruce grouse              E                     2 SCOPLOPACIDAE-SANPIPER,SNIPE AND RELATIVES FAMILYBartramia longicauda              Upland sandpiper         T                    7, A TROGLODYTIDAE-WREN FAMILYCistothorus platensis               Sedge wren                  E                     6, A 5.10 MAMMALSFELIDAE-CAT FAMILYPuma concolor cougar           Eastern mountain lion  E                    1*(Felis concolor cougar)Lynx canadensis                     Canada lynx                 E                     1 MUSTELIDAE-WEASEL FAMILYMartes americana                    American marten         E                     1 VESPERTILIONIDAE-VESPER-TILIONID BAT FAMILYMyotis leibii                            Eastern small-footed    T                    1                                                batMyotis lucifugus                     Little brown bat           E                     9Myotis septentrionalis            Northern long-eared    E                     9                                                BatMyotis sodalis                         Indiana bat                  E                     1Perimyotis subflavus               Tri-colored bat            E                     10________ *Date listed: 1 = 04-13-87 2 = 07-30-88 3 = 06-23-89 4 = 11-09-91 5 = 12-07-94 6 = 03-18-99 7 = 04-23-05 8 = 02-16-11 9 = 07-15-11 10 = 11-15-12 11 = 3-28-2015  A = listed as threatened on 04-13-87 B = listed as threatened on 12-07-94 C = listed as threatened on 06-23-89  *Indicates a name change (synonym or different taxonomic level) from a previous Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species list  (Added 1989, Regulation of the Secretary Agency of Natural Resources, eff. June 23, 1989; amended 1991, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 9, 1991; amended 1995, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Dec. 7, 1994; amended 1999, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 18, 1999; 2005 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. April 28, 2005; 2011 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. July 15, 2011; 2012 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 15, 2012; 2014, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 13; 2015 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. March 28, 2015.)