reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AK Stat § 13.12.720 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 8. Rules of Construction Applicable to Wills and Other Governing Instruments.|Sec. 13.12.720. Family-owned business deduction.

(a) If an individual includes a provision in a will, trust document, or beneficiary designation that is designed to reduce federal estate tax liability to zero, or to the lowest possible amount payable, by describing a portion or amount measured by reference to the unified credit, applicable exclusion amount, or exemption equivalent under 26 U.S.C. 2010 (Internal Revenue Code), or to other credits or deductions under 26 U.S.C. (Internal Revenue Code), then unless specifically stated otherwise, the reference to the unified credit, applicable exclusion amount, exemption equivalent, other credit, or other deduction shall be considered to include a reference to the family-owned business deduction available and allowed under 26 U.S.C. 2057 (Internal Revenue Code). (b) Unless specifically stated otherwise, the reference in the will, trust document, or beneficiary designation to the unified credit, applicable exclusion amount, exemption equivalent, family-owned business deduction, other credit, or other deduction shall be considered to refer to the unified credit, applicable exclusion amount, exemption equivalent, family-owned business deduction, other credit, or other deduction as it exists at the time of death of the individual.
AK Stat § 13.12.802 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 9. General Provisions Concerning Probate and Nonprobate Transfers.|Sec. 13.12.802. Effect of divorce, annulment, and decree of separation.

(a) An individual who is divorced from the decedent or whose marriage to the decedent has been annulled is not a surviving spouse unless, by virtue of a subsequent marriage, the individual is married to the decedent at the time of death. A decree of separation that does not terminate the status of husband and wife is not a divorce for purposes of this section. (b) In AS 13.12.101 - 13.12.405 and AS 13.16.065, a surviving spouse does not include (1) an individual who obtains or consents to a final decree or judgment of divorce from the decedent or an annulment of their marriage, if the decree or judgment is not recognized as valid in this state, unless subsequently they participate in a marriage ceremony purporting to marry each to the other or live together as husband and wife; (2) an individual who, following an invalid decree or judgment of divorce or annulment obtained by the decedent, participates in a marriage ceremony with a third individual; or (3) an individual who was a party to a valid proceeding concluded by an order purporting to terminate all marital property rights.
AK Stat § 13.12.912 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.912. International will; validity.

(a) Except as provided by AS 13.06.068, a will is valid as regards form, irrespective of the place where the will is made, of the location of the assets, and of the nationality, domicile, or residence of the testator, if the will is made in the form of an international will complying with the requirements of AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921. (b) The invalidity of the will as an international will does not affect its formal validity as a will of another kind. (c) AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921 do not apply to the form of testamentary dispositions made by two or more persons in one instrument.
AK Stat § 13.12.913 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.913. International will; requirements.

(a) The international will must be written. The will does not need to be written by the testator. The will may be written in any language, or by hand or other means. (b) The testator shall declare in the presence of two witnesses and of a person authorized to act in connection with international wills that the document is the testator's will and that the testator knows the contents of the will. The testator does not need to inform the witnesses, or the authorized person, of the contents of the will. (c) In the presence of the witnesses, and of the authorized person, the testator shall sign the international will, or, if the testator has previously signed it, shall acknowledge the testator's signature. (d) When the testator is unable to sign, the absence of the testator's signature does not affect the validity of the international will if the testator indicates the reason for the testator's inability to sign and the authorized person makes note of the reason on the will. In these cases, it is permissible for any other person present, including the authorized person or one of the witnesses, at the direction of the testator, to sign the testator's name for the testator, if the authorized person makes note of this also on the will, but it is not required that a person sign the testator's name for the testator. (e) The witnesses and the authorized person shall there and then attest the international will by signing in the presence of the testator.
AK Stat § 13.12.914 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.914. International will; other points of form.

(a) The signatures shall be placed at the end of the international will. If the will consists of several sheets, each sheet shall be signed by the testator or, if the testator is unable to sign, by the person signing on the testator's behalf or, if a person is not signing on the testator's behalf, by the authorized person. In addition, each sheet shall be numbered. (b) The date of the international will is the date of its signature by the authorized person. That date shall be noted at the end of the will by the authorized person. (c) The authorized person shall ask the testator whether the testator wishes to make a declaration concerning the safekeeping of the will. If so and at the express request of the testator the place where the testator intends to have the will kept shall be mentioned in the certificate provided for in AS 13.12.915. (d) An international will executed in compliance with AS 13.12.913 is not invalid merely because it does not comply with this section.
AK Stat § 13.12.915 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.915. International will; certificate.

The authorized person shall attach to the international will a certificate to be signed by the authorized person establishing that the requirements of AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921 for valid execution of an international will have been complied with. The authorized person shall keep a copy of the certificate and deliver another to the testator. The certificate shall be substantially in the following form: CERTIFICATE(Convention of October 26, 1973)1. I, _____________________________________ (name, address, and capacity), a person authorized to act in connection with international wills2. certify that on __________ (date) at __________________________________ (place)3. (testator) _____________________________________ (name, address, date, and place of birth) in my presence and that of the witnesses4. (a) _____________________________________ (name, address, date, and place of birth)(b) _____________________________________ (name, address, date, and place of birth) has declared that the attached document is the testator's will and that the testator knows the contents of the will;5. I furthermore certify that:6. (a) in my presence and in that of the witnesses(1) the testator has signed the will or has acknowledged the testator's signature previously affixed.* (2) following a declaration of the testator stating that the testator was unable to sign the testator's will for the following reason _____________________________________________________, I have mentioned this declaration on the will*and the signature has been affixed by _____________________________________ (name and address)7. (b) the witnesses and I have signed the will;8. * (c) each page of the will has been signed by __________________________________ and numbered;9. (d) I have satisfied myself as to the identity of the testator and of the witnesses as designated above;10. (e) the witnesses met the conditions requisite to act as witnesses according to the law under which I am acting;11. * (f) the testator has requested me to include the following statement concerning the safekeeping of the testator's will:______________________________________12. PLACE OF EXECUTION13. DATE14. SIGNATURE and, if necessary, SEAL* to be completed if appropriate.
AK Stat § 13.12.916 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.916. International will; effect of certificate.

In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the certificate of the authorized person is conclusive of the formal validity of the instrument as an international will under AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921. The absence or irregularity of a certificate does not affect the formal validity of a will under AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921.
AK Stat § 13.12.917 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.917. International will; revocation.

An international will is subject to the ordinary rules of revocation of wills.
AK Stat § 13.12.918 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.918. Source and construction.

AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.917 and 13.12.921 derive from the Annex to Convention of October 26, 1973, Providing a Uniform Law on the Form of an International Will. In interpreting and applying AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921, regard shall be had to its international origin and to the need for uniformity in its interpretation.
AK Stat § 13.12.919 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.919. Persons authorized to act in relation to international will; eligibility; recognition by authorizing agency.

Individuals who are licensed to practice law in this state and who are in good standing as active law practitioners in this state, are hereby declared to be authorized persons in relation to international wills.
AK Stat § 13.12.920 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.920. International will information registration.

The Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development shall establish a registry system by which authorized persons may register in a central information center information regarding the execution of international wills, keeping that information in strictest confidence until the death of the maker and then making it available to any person desiring information about any will who presents a death certificate or other satisfactory evidence of the testator's death to the center. Information that may be received, preserved in confidence until death, and reported as indicated is limited to the testator's name, social security, or other individual identifying number established by law, address, and date and place of birth, and the intended place of deposit or safekeeping of the instrument pending the death of the maker. The Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development, at the request of the authorized person, may cause the information it receives about execution of an international will to be transmitted to the registry system of another jurisdiction as identified by the testator, if that other system adheres to rules protecting the confidentiality of the information similar to those established in this state.
AK Stat § 13.12.921 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 12. Intestacy, Wills, and Donative Transfers|Article 10. Miscellaneous Provisions.|Sec. 13.12.921. Definitions for AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921.

In AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.921, (1) “authorized person” and “person authorized to act in connection with international wills” mean a person who by AS 13.12.919, or by the laws of the United States, including members of the diplomatic and consular service of the United States designated by federal regulations, is empowered to supervise the execution of international wills; (2) “international will” means a will executed in conformity with AS 13.12.912 - 13.12.915.
AK Stat § 13.16.005 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.005. Devolution of estate at death; restrictions.

The power of a person to leave property by will, and the rights of creditors, devisees, and heirs to the property are subject to the restrictions and limitations contained in AS 13.06 - AS 13.36 to facilitate the prompt settlement of estates. Upon the death of a person, that person's real and personal property devolves to the persons to whom it is devised by the last will or to those indicated as substitutes for them in cases involving lapse, renunciation, or other circumstances affecting the devolution of testate estates, or in the absence of testamentary disposition, to the heirs, or to those indicated as substitutes for them in cases involving renunciation or other circumstances affecting devolution of intestate estates, subject to homestead allowance, exempt property and family allowance, to rights of creditors, elective share of the surviving spouse, and to administration.
AK Stat § 13.16.010 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.010. Necessity of order of probate for will.

Except as provided in AS 13.16.680, to be effective to prove the transfer of property or to nominate an executor, a will must be declared to be valid by an order of informal probate by the registrar or by an adjudication of probate by the court.
AK Stat § 13.16.015 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.015. Necessity of appointment for administration.

Except as otherwise provided in AS 13.21, to acquire the powers and undertake the duties and liabilities of a personal representative of a decedent, a person must be appointed by order of the court or registrar, qualify, and be issued letters. Administration of an estate is commenced by the issuance of letters.
AK Stat § 13.16.020 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.020. Claims against decedent; necessity of administration.

A proceeding to enforce a claim against the estate of a decedent or the decedent's successors may not be revived or commenced before the appointment of a personal representative. After the appointment and until distribution, all proceedings and actions to enforce a claim against the estate are governed by the procedure prescribed by this chapter. After distribution a creditor whose claim has not been barred may recover from the distributees as provided in AS 13.16.635 or from a former personal representative individually liable as provided in AS 13.16.640. This section has no application to a proceeding by a secured creditor of the decedent to enforce a right to the security except as to any deficiency judgment that might be sought in the proceeding.
AK Stat § 13.16.025 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.025. Proceedings affecting devolution and administration; jurisdiction of subject matter.

Persons interested in decedents' estates may apply to the registrar for determination in the informal proceedings provided in this chapter, and may petition the court for orders in formal proceedings within the court's jurisdiction including those described in this chapter. The court has exclusive jurisdiction of formal proceedings to determine how decedents' estates subject to the laws of this state are to be administered, expended, and distributed. The court has concurrent jurisdiction of any other action or proceeding concerning a succession or to which an estate, through a personal representative, may be a party, including actions to determine title to property alleged to belong to the estate, and of any action or proceeding in which property distributed by a personal representative or its value is sought to be subjected to rights of creditors or successors of the decedent.
AK Stat § 13.16.030 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.030. Proceedings within the exclusive jurisdiction of court; service; jurisdiction over persons.

In proceedings within the exclusive jurisdiction of the court where notice is required by AS 13.06 - AS 13.36 or by rule, and in proceedings to construe probated wills or determine heirs which proceedings concern estates that have not been and cannot at the time of these proceedings be opened for administration, interested persons may be bound by the orders of the court in respect to property in or subject to the laws of this state by notice in conformity with AS 13.06.110. An order is binding as to all who are given notice of the proceeding though fewer than all interested persons are notified.
AK Stat § 13.16.035 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.035. Scope of proceedings; proceedings independent; exception.

Unless supervised administration as described in AS 13.16.215 - 13.16.235 is involved, (1) each proceeding before the court or registrar is independent of any other proceeding involving the same estate; (2) petitions for formal orders of the court may combine various requests for relief in a single proceeding if the orders sought may be finally granted without delay; except as required for proceedings that are particularly described by other sections of this chapter, no petition is defective because it fails to embrace all matters that might then be the subject of a final order; (3) proceedings for probate of wills or adjudications of no will may be combined with proceedings for appointment of personal representatives; and (4) a proceeding for appointment of a personal representative is concluded by an order making or declining the appointment.
AK Stat § 13.16.040 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.040. Probate, testacy, and appointment proceedings; ultimate time limit.

(a) An informal probate or appointment proceeding or formal testacy or appointment proceeding, other than a proceeding to probate a will previously probated at the testator's domicile and appointment proceedings relating to an estate in which there has been a prior appointment, may not be commenced more than three years after the decedent's death, except (1) if a previous proceeding was dismissed because of doubt about the fact of the decedent's death, appropriate probate, appointment, or testacy proceedings may be maintained at any time after the dismissal upon a finding that the decedent's death occurred before the initiation of the previous proceeding and the applicant or petitioner has not delayed unduly in initiating the subsequent proceeding; (2) appropriate probate, appointment, or testacy proceedings may be maintained in relation to the estate of an absent, disappeared, or missing person for whose estate a conservator has been appointed, at any time within three years after the conservator becomes able to establish the death of the protected person; (3) a proceeding to contest an informally probated will and to secure appointment of the person with legal priority for appointment in the event the contest is successful, may be commenced within the later of 12 months from the informal probate or three years from the decedent's death; (4) an informal appointment or a formal testacy or appointment proceeding may be commenced after the three years if proceedings concerning the succession or estate administration have not occurred within the three-year period after the decedent's death, but the personal representative may not possess estate assets as provided in AS 13.16.380 beyond that necessary to confirm title to the assets in the successors to the estate and claims other than expenses of administration may not be presented against the estate; and (5) a formal testacy proceeding may be commenced at any time after three years from the decedent's death for the purpose of establishing an instrument to direct or control the ownership of property passing or distributable after the decedent's death from a person other than the decedent when the property is to be appointed by the terms of the decedent's will or is to pass or be distributed as a part of the decedent's estate or its transfer is otherwise to be controlled by the terms of the decedent's will. (b) The limitations in (a) of this section do not apply to proceedings to construe probated wills or determine heirs of an intestate. (c) In cases under (a)(1) or (2) of this section, the date on which a testacy or appointment proceeding is properly commenced is considered to be the date of the decedent's death for purposes of other limitations provisions of AS 13.06 - AS 13.36 that relate to the date of death.
AK Stat § 13.16.045 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 13. Decedents' Estates, Guardianships, Transfers, Trusts, and Health Care Decisions|Chapter 16. Probate of Wills and Administration|Article 1. General Provisions.|Sec. 13.16.045. Statutes of limitation on decedent's cause of action.

No statute of limitation running on a cause of action belonging to a decedent that had not been barred as of the date of death shall apply to bar a cause of action surviving the decedent's death sooner than four months after death. A cause of action that, but for this section, would have been barred less than four months after death, is barred after four months unless tolled.