reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
KS Stat § 59-3505 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3505 Same; joint owner.

59-3505. Same; joint owner. (a) A record joint owner of an interest in real estate may use the procedures in this act to title such interest in transfer-on-death form. However, title to such interest shall vest in the designated grantee beneficiary or beneficiaries only if such record joint owner is the last to die of all of the record joint owners of such interest. A deed in transfer-on-death form shall not sever a joint tenancy.(b) As used in this section, "joint owner" means a person who owns an interest in real estate as a joint tenant with right of survivorship.History: L. 1997, ch. 176, § 5; July 1.
KS Stat § 59-3506 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3506 Same; application of 58-2414 to grantor.

59-3506. Same; application of 58-2414 to grantor. The provisions of K.S.A. 58-2414, and amendments thereto, apply to the grantor of a transfer-on-death deed.History: L. 1997, ch. 176, § 6; July 1.
KS Stat § 59-3507 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3507 Same; nontestamentary disposition.

59-3507. Same; nontestamentary disposition. A deed in transfer-on-death form shall not be considered a testamentary disposition and shall not be invalidated due to nonconformity with the provisions of chapter 59 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated.History: L. 1997, ch. 176, § 7; July 1.
KS Stat § 59-3508 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3508 Motor vehicles; transfer-on-death.

59-3508. Motor vehicles; transfer-on-death. A motor vehicle, as defined by K.S.A. 8-126, and amendments thereto, may be titled in transfer-on-death, TOD, form by including in the certificate of title a designation of a beneficiary or beneficiaries to whom the motor vehicle shall be transferred on death of the owner or the last survivor of the joint tenant with right of survivorship owners, subject to the rights of all lien holders.History: L. 1997, ch. 138, § 1; L. 2013, ch. 92, § 6; July 1.
KS Stat § 59-3509 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3509 Same; certificate of title.

59-3509. Same; certificate of title. A motor vehicle is registered in transfer-on-death form by designating on the certificate of title, the name of the owner, the names of tenant in common owner or the names of the joint tenant with right of survivorship owners, followed in substance by the words "transfer on death to(name of beneficiary or beneficiaries)."Instead of the words "transfer on death to" the abbreviation "TOD" may be used.History: L. 1997, ch. 138, § 2; Jan. 1, 1998.
KS Stat § 59-3510 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3510 Same; beneficiaries; interest; change.

59-3510. Same; beneficiaries; interest; change. The transfer-on-death beneficiary or beneficiaries shall have no interest in the motor vehicle until the death of the owner or the last survivor of the joint tenant with right of survivorship owners. A beneficiary designation may be changed at any time by the owner or all of the joint tenant with right of survivorship owners then surviving without the consent of the beneficiary or beneficiaries by filing an application for a subsequent certificate of title.History: L. 1997, ch. 138, § 3; Jan. 1, 1998.
KS Stat § 59-3511 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3511 Same; vesting of ownership in beneficiary.

59-3511. Same; vesting of ownership in beneficiary. Ownership of a motor vehicle titled in transfer-on-death form, for which an application for a subsequent certificate of title has not been filed, shall vest in the designated beneficiary or beneficiaries on the death of the owner or the last of the joint tenant with right of survivorship owners, subject to the rights of all lien holders.History: L. 1997, ch. 138, § 4; Jan. 1, 1998.
KS Stat § 59-3512 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3512 Same; nontestamentary disposition.

59-3512. Same; nontestamentary disposition. A certificate of title in transfer-on-death form shall not be considered a testamentary disposition or be invalidated due to nonconformity with the provisions of chapter 59 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto.History: L. 1997, ch. 138, § 5; Jan. 1, 1998.
KS Stat § 59-3513 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 59 - Probate Code|Article 35 - Transfer-on-death|59-3513 Other nontestamentary transfers.

59-3513. Other nontestamentary transfers. (a) A provision in the following for a nonprobate transfer on death is nontestamentary:(1) Insurance policy or annuity contract;(2) contract of employment;(3) current employee compensation or benefit program;(4) deferred compensation or pension plan, including programs described in sections 401(a), 403(b), 457 or 501(c)(18) of the federal internal revenue code of 1986 as in effect on January 1, 2001;(5) individual retirement plan, whether custodial or otherwise; or(6) account established pursuant to a qualified state tuition program under section 529 of the federal internal revenue code of 1986 as in effect on January 1, 2001.(b) The provisions of subsection (a) do not limit rights of creditors under other laws of this state.History: L. 2001, ch. 43, § 1; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-101 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 1 - Prefatory|60-101 Title.

60-101. Title. This act may be cited as the code of civil procedure.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-101; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 64; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-102 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 1 - Prefatory|60-102 Construction.

60-102. Construction. The provisions of this act shall be liberally construed, administered and employed by the court and the parties to secure the just, speedy and inexpensive determination of every action and proceeding.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-102; L. 1997, ch. 173, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 65; L. 2017, ch. 75, § 1; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-103 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 1 - Prefatory|60-103 Restricted mail defined.

60-103. Restricted mail defined. The term "restricted mail" as used in this chapter means mail, sent postage or other delivery fees prepaid, that is endorsed on its face pursuant to applicable postal regulations so that the sender will receive a return receipt notification with the date and address of delivery, and, if the addressee is a natural person, only the addressee or an authorized agent will receive the mail.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-103; L. 1970, ch. 232, § 1; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 66; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-104 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 1 - Prefatory|60-104 Acts by court or judge.

60-104. Acts by court or judge. All trials on the merits must be conducted in open court and, subject to K.S.A. 20-347, and amendments thereto, in a regular courtroom. All other acts or proceedings, including the entry of a ruling or judgment, may be done or conducted by a judge or judge pro tem in chambers, without the attendance of the clerk or other court officials, or at any place either in or outside the district; but no hearing, other than one ex parte, may be conducted outside the district without the consent of all affected parties not in default.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-104; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 67; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-201 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-201 Rules of civil procedure; citation; scope.

60-201. Rules of civil procedure; citation; scope. (a) The provisions of this article may be cited as the rules of civil procedure.(b) This article governs the procedure in all civil actions and proceedings in the district courts of Kansas, other than actions commenced pursuant to the code of civil procedure for limited actions.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-201; L. 1976, ch. 251, § 1; L. 2000, ch. 161, § 109; L. 2005, ch. 101, § 7; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 68; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-202 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-202 One form of action.

60-202. One form of action. There is one form of action, the civil action.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-202; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 69; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-203 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-203 Commencement of action.

60-203. Commencement of action. (a) Time of commencement. A civil action is commenced at the time of: (1) Filing a petition with the court, if service of process is obtained or the first publication is made for service by publication within 90 days after the petition is filed, except that the court may extend that time an additional 30 days upon a showing of good cause by the plaintiff; or (2) service of process or first publication, if service of process or first publication is not made within the time specified by paragraph (1).(b) Curing invalid service. If service of process or first publication purports to have been made but is later adjudicated to have been invalid due to an irregularity in form or procedure or a defect in making service, the action is considered to have been commenced at the applicable time under subsection (a) if valid service is obtained or first publication is made within 90 days after that adjudication, except that the court may extend that time an additional 30 days upon a showing of good cause by the plaintiff.(c) Entry of appearance. The filing of an entry of appearance has the same effect as service. Written contact with the court by a defendant, or an attorney for the defendant invoking protection for the defendant under the servicemembers civil relief act (50 U.S.C. § 501 et seq.), and amendments thereto, is not an entry of appearance.(d) Electronic filing. As used in this section, filing a petition with the court includes receipt by the court of a petition by electronic means complying with supreme court rules.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, § 60-203; L. 1983, ch. 193, § 1; L. 1990, ch. 202, § 1; L. 1991, ch. 169, § 1; L. 1992, ch. 128, § 12; L. 2005, ch. 45, § 4; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 70; L. 2011, ch. 48, § 3; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-204 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-204 Process, generally.

60-204. Process, generally. The methods of serving process set out in article 3 of this chapter constitute sufficient service of process in all civil actions and proceedings, but are alternatives to and do not restrict different methods specifically provided by law. Substantial compliance with any method of serving process effects valid service of process if the court finds that, notwithstanding some irregularity or omission, the party served was made aware that an action or proceeding was pending in a specified court that might affect the party or the party's status or property.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-204; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 71; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-207 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-207 Pleadings allowed; motions; form.

60-207. Pleadings allowed; motions; form. (a) Pleadings. Only these pleadings are allowed:(1) A petition that complies with subsection (c);(2) an answer to a petition;(3) an answer to a counterclaim designated as a counterclaim;(4) an answer to a crossclaim;(5) a third-party petition;(6) an answer to a third-party petition; and(7) if the court orders one, a reply to an answer.(b) Motions and other papers. (1) In general. A request for a court order must be made by motion. The motion must:(A) Be in writing, unless made during a hearing or trial;(B) state with particularity the grounds for seeking the order; and(C) state the relief sought.(2) Form. The sections of this article governing captions, signing and other matters of form in pleadings apply to motions and other papers.(c) Designation of petition. A petition must designate immediately below the names of the parties in the caption that the petition is filed pursuant to chapter 60 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated. The designation is sufficient if labeled "Petition Pursuant to K.S.A. Chapter 60" immediately below the caption.(d) Lost pleadings. If an original pleading is lost, destroyed, or withheld by any person, the court may allow a copy of the pleading to be substituted.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-207; L. 1976, ch. 251, § 2; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 74; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-209 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-209 Pleading special matters.

60-209. Pleading special matters. (a) Capacity or authority to sue; legal existence. (1) In general. A pleading need not allege:(A) A party's capacity to sue or be sued;(B) a party's authority to sue or be sued in a representative capacity; or(C) the legal existence of an organized association of persons that is made a party.(2) Raising those issues. To raise any of those issues, a party must do so by a specific denial, which must state any supporting facts that are peculiarly within the party's knowledge.(b) Fraud or mistake; conditions of mind. In alleging fraud or mistake, a party must state with particularity the circumstances constituting fraud or mistake. Malice, intent, knowledge and other conditions of a person's mind may be alleged generally.(c) Conditions precedent. In pleading conditions precedent, it suffices to allege generally that all conditions precedent have occurred or have been performed. But when denying that a condition precedent has occurred or been performed, a party must do so with particularity.(d) Official document or act. In pleading an official document or official act, it suffices to allege that the document was legally issued or the act legally done.(e) Judgment. In pleading a judgment or decision of a domestic or foreign court, a judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal, or a board or officer, it suffices to plead the judgment or decision without showing jurisdiction to render it.(f) Time and place. An allegation of time or place is material when testing the sufficiency of a pleading.(g) Special damages. If an item of special damage is claimed, it must be specifically stated. If the court allows an amended petition pursuant to K.S.A. 60-3703, and amendments thereto, to include a claim for exemplary or punitive damages the amended petition must state only whether the amount sought as damages is or is not in excess of $75,000.(h) Pleading a written instrument. A claim, defense or counterclaim founded on a written instrument may be pleaded by:(1) Reasonably identifying the written instrument and stating its substance;(2) reciting the contents of the written instrument in the pleading; or(3) attaching a copy to the pleading as an exhibit.(i) Tender of money. When a tender of money is made in a pleading, the money need not be deposited in court prior to trial, unless the court orders otherwise.(j) Libel and slander. In an action for libel or slander, it suffices to allege generally that defamatory matter was published or spoken concerning the plaintiff, and if that allegation is not denied in the answer, it need not be proved at trial. The defendant's answer may allege both the truth of the matter charged as defamatory and any mitigating circumstances that reduce the amount of damages. Whether the defendant proves justification, the defendant may introduce evidence of any mitigating circumstances.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-209; L. 1976, ch. 252, § 2; L. 1988, ch. 209, § 5; L. 1997, ch. 173, § 5; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 76; L. 2011, ch. 48, § 5; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-210 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-210 Form of pleadings.

60-210. Form of pleadings. (a) Caption; names of parties. Every pleading must have a caption with the court's name, a title, a file number and a designation as in subsection (a) of K.S.A. 60-207, and amendments thereto. The title of the petition must name all the parties; the title of other pleadings, after naming the first party on each side, may refer generally to other parties.(b) Paragraphs; separate statements. A party must state its claims or defenses in numbered paragraphs, each limited as far as practicable to a single set of circumstances. A later pleading may refer by number to a paragraph in an earlier pleading. If doing so would promote clarity, each claim founded on a separate transaction or occurrence, and each defense other than a denial, must be stated in a separate count or defense.(c) Adoption by reference; exhibits. A statement in a pleading may be adopted by reference elsewhere in the same pleading or in any other pleading or motion. A copy of a written instrument that is an exhibit to a pleading is a part of the pleading for all purposes.(d) Change of name. If the name of a party changes after an action has been commenced, either before or after judgment, by reason of marriage, divorce, adoption, a change of name proceeding, amendment of articles of incorporation, the assumption of an alias or otherwise, or if an action is mistakenly commenced against a party by a former name no longer used by the party, any party in interest may cause that fact to be noted of record by filing a certified copy of a marriage record, decree of divorce, amended articles of incorporation, order of adoption or change of name, or an affidavit or a declaration pursuant to K.S.A. 53-601, and amendments thereto, by an informed person. The name as changed must be used in the alternative in all subsequent proceedings in the action.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-210; amended by Supreme Court Rule No. 125; effective January 1, 1969; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 77; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-217 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-217 Parties; capacity.

60-217. Parties; capacity. (a) Real party in interest. (1) Designation in general. An action must be prosecuted in the name of the real party in interest. The following may sue in their own names without joining the person for whose benefit the action is brought:(A) An executor;(B) an administrator;(C) a guardian;(D) a conservator;(E) a bailee;(F) a trustee of an express trust;(G) a receiver;(H) a party with whom or in whose name a contract has been made for another's benefit; and(I) a party authorized by statute.(2) Action in the name of the state of Kansas for another's use or benefit. When a statute so provides, an action for another's use or benefit must be brought in the name of the state of Kansas.(3) Joinder of the real party in interest. The court may not dismiss an action for failure to prosecute in the name of the real party in interest until, after an objection, a reasonable time has been allowed for the real party in interest to ratify, join or be substituted into the action. After ratification, joinder or substitution, the action proceeds as if it had been originally commenced by the real party in interest.(b) Claim accruing under law of another state. A claim for relief that has accrued under the laws of another state or territory may be sued upon by the person or persons authorized to bring and maintain an action on the claim in the state or territory where it arose. When the law of the state or territory where a claim for relief for death arose authorizes the action to be prosecuted by an administrator or executor, then the action may also be maintained by an administrator or executor appointed under the laws of this state.(c) Minor or incapacitated person. (1) With a representative. The following representatives may sue or defend on behalf of a minor or an incapacitated person:(A) A general guardian;(B) a committee;(C) a conservator; or(D) a like fiduciary.(2) Without a representative. A minor or an incapacitated person who does not have a duly appointed representative may sue by a next friend or by a guardian ad litem. The court must appoint a guardian ad litem, or issue another appropriate order, to protect a minor or incapacitated person who is unrepresented in an action.(d) Public officer's title and name. A public officer who sues or is sued in an official capacity may be designated by official title rather than by name, but the court may order that the officer's name be added.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-217; L. 1965, ch. 354, § 2; L. 1986, ch. 215, § 5; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 84; July 1.
KS Stat § 60-218 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 60 - Procedure, Civil|Article 2 - Rules Of Civil Procedure|60-218 Joinder of claims; contingent claims.

60-218. Joinder of claims; contingent claims. (a) In general. A party asserting a claim, counterclaim, crossclaim or third-party claim, may join, as independent or alternative claims, as many claims as it has against an opposing party.(b) Joinder of contingent claims. A party may join two claims even though one of them is contingent on the disposition of the other, but the court may grant relief only in accordance with the parties' relative substantive rights. In particular, a plaintiff may state a claim for money and a claim to set aside a conveyance that is fraudulent as to that plaintiff, without first obtaining a judgment for the money; a plaintiff may state in the original claim or an amended petition or in an answer or a reply, a claim to have any release, settlement or discharge of the original claim set aside as fraudulent or wrongfully procured.History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-218; amended by Supreme Court order dated July 17, 1969; L. 2010, ch. 135, § 85; July 1.