reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Civ Code § 2988 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2988.

2988.  (a) The Legislature finds that it is necessary to provide some protection for consumers who enter into lease contracts in which the lessee will bear the risk of the motor vehicle’s depreciation. This section is intended to provide relief to the consumer when an ostensibly inexpensive lease contract establishes an excessively low level of periodic payment which results, conversely, in an excessively high liability being imposed on the lessee at the expiration of the lease term because the lessor has failed to act in good faith in either estimating a residual value of the motor vehicle or establishing a level of periodic payment which bears no reasonable relation to the motor vehicle’s reasonably expected depreciation during the lease term. Therefore, the lessor will have the obligation to act in good faith and to come forward with competent evidence showing that the estimated residual value was so determined given the circumstances existing at the inception of the lease contract.(b) Where the lessee is to bear the risk of the motor vehicle’s depreciation and the lessee’s liability on expiration of a consumer lease is based on the estimated residual value of the motor vehicle such estimated residual value shall be a reasonable approximation of the anticipated actual fair market value of the motor vehicle on lease expiration. There shall be a rebuttable presumption that the estimated residual value is unreasonable to the extent that the estimated residual value exceeds the actual residual value by more than three times the average payment allocable to a monthly period under the lease. The presumption stated in the preceding sentence shall not apply to the extent the excess of estimated over actual residual value is due to physical damage to the motor vehicle beyond reasonable wear and use, or to excessive use, and the lease may set standards for such wear and use if such standards are not unreasonable.(c) For the purposes of this chapter, “fair market value” means the value the motor vehicle would have when sold in a commercially reasonable manner in the customary market for such motor vehicle.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2988.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2988.7.

2988.7.  If the lessor fails to comply with Section 2985.8, as an alternative to an action under Section 2988.5, the lessee may rescind the contract if the failure to comply was willful, or if correction will increase the amount of the contract balance, unless the lessor waives the collection of the increased amount.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2988.9 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2988.9.

2988.9.  Reasonable attorney’s fees and costs shall be awarded to the prevailing party in any action on a lease contract subject to the provisions of this chapter regardless of whether the action is instituted by the lessor, assignee, or lessee. Where the defendant alleges in his or her answer that he or she tendered to the plaintiff the full amount to which he or she was entitled, and thereupon deposits in court, for the plaintiff, the amount so tendered, and the allegation is found to be true, then the defendant is deemed to be the prevailing party within the meaning of this section.(Amended by Stats. 2004, Ch. 183, Sec. 42. Effective January 1, 2005.)
CA Civ Code § 2989 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2989.

2989.  No civil action shall be filed against a lessor under the authority of this chapter if a federal civil action has previously been filed based on facts that give rise to a similar cause of action under this chapter.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2989.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2989.2.

2989.2.  Where the lessee is to bear the risk of the motor vehicle’s depreciation upon the scheduled expiration of the lease contract, the following applies:(a) When disposing of a vehicle or obtaining cash bids for the purpose of setting the fair market value of a vehicle, the lessor shall act in a commercially reasonable manner in the customary market for such vehicle.(b) Any provision in a lease contract to the contrary notwithstanding, at least 10 days written notice of intent to sell such motor vehicle shall be given by the holder of the contract to each lessee and guarantor, unless the lessor and lessee have agreed in writing to the amount of the lessee’s liability under the lease contract after the lessee returns the motor vehicle to the lessor, or the lessee has satisfied the lease contract obligations by payment to the lessor. The notice shall be personally served or shall be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, directed to the address of the lessee shown on the contract, unless the lessee has notified the holder in writing of a different address. The notice shall set forth separately any charges or sums due and state that the lessee will be liable for the difference between the amount of liability imposed on the lessee at the expiration of the lease term and the actual cash value of the motor vehicle when it is sold. The notice shall also state that the lessee has the right to submit a cash bid for the purchase of the vehicle.(Amended by Stats. 1997, Ch. 800, Sec. 13. Effective January 1, 1998.)
CA Civ Code § 2989.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2989.4.

2989.4.  (a) A lessor shall not:(1) Fail to register the leased vehicle pursuant to the lease contract.(2) Advertise any specific vehicle in the inventory of the lessor for lease without identifying such vehicle by either its vehicle identification number or license number.(3) Refuse to lease a vehicle to any creditworthy person at the advertised total price, exclusive of sales tax, vehicle registration fees and finance charges. (b) Notwithstanding Section 2988.5, a lessor shall not suffer civil liability for a violation of this section.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2989.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2989.5.

2989.5.  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (c), a lessor shall make available to investigators of the Department of Motor Vehicles, upon presentation of an affidavit that the department has a consumer complaint within its jurisdiction, the records relevant to the transaction complained of. If the affidavit states that the department has reasonable cause to believe there is a pattern of conduct or common scheme in similar transactions, the records relevant to all such similar transactions shall be made available.(b) Except as provided in subdivision (c), on petition of the department alleging the receipt of a consumer complaint within its jurisdiction and alleging that the lessor refuses to make available his records as required, the court shall order the lessor to make available such records or show cause why such records should not be produced. The department shall be awarded reasonable attorney’s fees and costs if it prevails in such action.(c) (1) In the case of a financial institution, or a subsidiary or affiliated corporation of such institution, the Director of Motor Vehicles shall report in writing an apparent violation, or failure to comply with this chapter, evidenced by a consumer complaint, to the agency or department of the state or federal government responsible for supervising the leasing activities of such institution. (2) Within 20 days, such agency or department shall advise the director of the action taken with respect to such report.(3) If such agency or department fails to so advise the director, the director may commence an action to compel the agency or department to cause the production of the records relevant to the consumer complaint.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2989.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2989.6.

2989.6.  The Director of Motor Vehicles may adopt and enforce rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out or implement the provisions of this chapter.Rules and regulations shall be adopted, amended or repealed in accordance with Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 11370) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2989.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2989.8.

2989.8.  Any person who shall knowingly and willfully violate any provision of this chapter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2990 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2990.

2990.  This chapter shall not apply to any transaction which is regulated by Chapter 2b (commencing with Section 2981) of this title.(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1284.)
CA Civ Code § 2991 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2991.

2991.  Any prospective assignee that provides a lessor under a lease contract with any preprinted form for use as a lease contract shall, upon the request of a lessor, provide the lessor with a Spanish language translation of the preprinted form.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 235, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000. Operative January 1, 2001, by Sec. 2 of Ch. 235.)
CA Civ Code § 2992 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2992.

2992.  A prospective assignee that provides a lessor under a lease contract with a preprinted form for use as a lease contract shall design the form in such a manner so as to provide on its face sufficient space for the lessor to include all disclosures and itemizations required pursuant to Section 2985.8 and shall also contain on its face a separate blank space no smaller than seven and one-half square inches for the lessor and lessee to memorialize trade-in, turn-in, and other individualized agreements.(Added by Stats. 2001, Ch. 287, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2002.)
CA Civ Code § 2993 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2d - Vehicle Leasing Act|Section 2993.

2993.  A holder of a lease contract, or the agent of a holder, who has received a notice pursuant to Section 7507.6 of the Business and Professions Code, shall not make a subsequent assignment to skip trace, locate, or repossess the vehicle without simultaneously, and in the same manner by which the assignment is given, advising the assignee of the assignment of the information contained in the notice. As used in this section, “assignment” has the same meaning set forth in Section 7500.1 of the Business and Professions Code.(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 192, Sec. 5. Effective September 7, 2007.)
CA Civ Code § 2995 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 2e - Controlled Escrows|Section 2995.

2995.  No real estate developer shall require as a condition precedent to the transfer of real property containing a single family residential dwelling that escrow services effectuating such transfer shall be provided by an escrow entity in which the real estate developer has a financial interest.A real estate developer who violates the provisions of this section shall be liable to the purchaser of the real property in the amount of three times the amount charged for the escrow services, but in no event less than two hundred fifty dollars ($250), plus reasonable attorney’s fees and costs.For purposes of this section “financial interest” means ownership or control of 5 percent or more of an escrow entity.For purposes of this section “real estate developer” means a person or entity having an ownership interest in real property which is improved by such person or entity with single family residential dwellings which are offered for sale to the public.For purposes of this section “escrow entity” includes a person, firm or corporation.Any waiver of the prohibition contained in this section shall be against public policy and void.(Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 552.)
CA Civ Code § 3045.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 4 - Hospital Liens|Section 3045.1.

3045.1.  Every person, partnership, association, corporation, public entity, or other institution or body maintaining a hospital licensed under the laws of this state which furnishes emergency and ongoing medical or other services to any person injured by reason of an accident or negligent or other wrongful act not covered by Division 4 (commencing with Section 3201) or Division 4.5 (commencing with Section 6100) of the Labor Code, shall, if the person has a claim against another for damages on account of his or her injuries, have a lien upon the damages recovered, or to be recovered, by the person, or by his or her heirs or personal representative in case of his or her death to the extent of the amount of the reasonable and necessary charges of the hospital and any hospital affiliated health facility, as defined in Section 1250 of the Health and Safety Code, in which services are provided for the treatment, care, and maintenance of the person in the hospital or health facility affiliated with the hospital resulting from that accident or negligent or other wrongful act.(Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 302, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1993.)
CA Civ Code § 3045.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 4 - Hospital Liens|Section 3045.2.

3045.2.  The lien shall apply whether the damages are recovered, or are to be recovered, by judgment, settlement, or compromise.(Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 2080.)
CA Civ Code § 3045.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 4 - Hospital Liens|Section 3045.3.

3045.3.  A lien shall not be effective, however, unless a written notice containing the name and address of the injured person, the date of the accident, the name and location of the hospital, the amount claimed as reasonable and necessary charges, and the name of each person, firm, or corporation known to the hospital and alleged to be liable to the injured person for the injuries received, is delivered or is mailed by registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, to each person, firm, or corporation known to the hospital and alleged to be liable to the injured person for the injuries sustained prior to the payment of any moneys to the injured person, his attorney, or legal representative as compensation for the injuries.The hospital shall, also, deliver or mail by registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, a copy of the notice to any insurance carrier known to the hospital which has insured the person, firm, or corporation alleged to be liable to the injured person against the liability. The person, firm, or corporation alleged to be liable to the injured person shall, upon request of the hospital, disclose to the hospital the name of the insurance carrier which has insured it against the liability.(Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 302, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1993.)
CA Civ Code § 3045.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 4 - Hospital Liens|Section 3045.4.

3045.4.  Any person, firm, or corporation, including, but not limited to, an insurance carrier, making any payment to the injured person, or to his or her attorney, heirs, or legal representative, for the injuries he or she sustained, after the receipt of the notice as provided by Section 3045.3, without paying to the association, corporation, public entity, or other institution or body maintaining the hospital the amount of its lien claimed in the notice, or so much thereof as can be satisfied out of 50 percent of the moneys due under any final judgment, compromise, or settlement agreement after paying any prior liens shall be liable to the person, partnership, association, corporation, public entity, or other institution or body maintaining the hospital for the amount of its lien claimed in the notice which the hospital was entitled to receive as payment for the medical care and services rendered to the injured person.(Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 302, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 1993.)
CA Civ Code § 3045.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 4 - Hospital Liens|Section 3045.5.

3045.5.  The person, partnership, association, corporation or other institution or body maintaining the hospital may, at any time within one year after the date of the payment to the injured person, or to his heirs, attorney, or legal representative, enforce its lien by filing an action at law against the person, firm, or corporation making the payment and to whom such notice was given as herein provided.(Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 2080.)
CA Civ Code § 3045.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 4 - Hospital Liens|Section 3045.6.

3045.6.  The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to any claim or cause of action against a common carrier subject to the jurisdiction of the Public Utilities Commission or the Interstate Commerce Commission.(Added by Stats. 1961, Ch. 2080.)
CA Civ Code § 3046 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 6 - Other Liens|Section 3046.

3046.  One who sells real property has a vendor’s lien thereon, independent of possession, for so much of the price as remains unpaid and unsecured otherwise than by the personal obligation of the buyer.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 3047 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 6 - Other Liens|Section 3047.

3047.  Where a buyer of real property gives to the seller a written contract for payment of all or part of the price, an absolute transfer of such contract by the seller waives his lien to the extent of the sum payable under the contract, but a transfer of such contract in trust to pay debts, and return the surplus, is not a waiver of the lien.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 3048 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 6 - Other Liens|Section 3048.

3048.  The liens defined in Sections 3046 and 3050 are valid against every one claiming under the debtor, except a purchaser or incumbrancer in good faith and for value.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 3050 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 6 - Other Liens|Section 3050.

3050.  One who pays to the owner any part of the price of real property, under an agreement for the sale thereof, has a special lien upon the property, independent of possession, for such part of the amount paid as he may be entitled to recover back, in case of a failure of consideration.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 3051 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 4 - OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS|TITLE 14 - LIEN|CHAPTER 6 - Other Liens|Section 3051.

3051.  Every person who, while lawfully in possession of an article of personal property, renders any service to the owner thereof, by labor or skill, employed for the protection, improvement, safekeeping, or carriage thereof, has a special lien thereon, dependent on possession, for the compensation, if any, which is due to him from the owner for such service; a person who makes, alters, or repairs any article of personal property, at the request of the owner, or legal possessor of the property, has a lien on the same for his reasonable charges for the balance due for such work done and materials furnished, and may retain possession of the same until the charges are paid; and foundry proprietors and persons conducting a foundry business, have a lien, dependent on possession, upon all patterns in their hands belonging to a customer, for the balance due them from such customers for foundry work; and plastic fabricators and persons conducting a plastic fabricating business, have a lien, dependent on possession, upon all patterns and molds in their hands belonging to a customer, for the balance due them from such customer for plastic fabrication work; and laundry proprietors and persons conducting a laundry business, and drycleaning establishment proprietors and persons conducting a drycleaning establishment, have a general lien, dependent on possession, upon all personal property in their hands belonging to a customer, for the balance due them from such customer for laundry work, and for the balance due them from such customers for drycleaning work, but nothing in this section shall be construed to confer a lien in favor of a wholesale drycleaner on materials received from a drycleaning establishment proprietor or a person conducting a drycleaning establishment; and veterinary proprietors and veterinary surgeons shall have a lien dependent on possession, for their compensation in caring for, boarding, feeding, and medical treatment of animals.This section shall have no application to any vessel, as defined in Section 21 of the Harbors and Navigation Code, to any vehicle, as defined in Section 670 of the Vehicle Code, which is subject to registration pursuant to that code, to any manufactured home, as defined in Section 18007 of the Health and Safety Code, to any mobilehome, as defined in Section 18008 of the Health and Safety Code, or to any commercial coach, as defined in Section 18001.8 of the Health and Safety Code, whether or not the manufactured home, mobilehome, or commercial coach is subject to registration under the Health and Safety Code.(Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1124, Sec. 6.)