reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 14-5-20 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 2 - Corporation Commissioner|§ 14-5-20. Secretary of State as Corporation Commissioner

 The Secretary of State shall be corporation commissioner and shall be charged with the execution of the duties set forth in Chapters 2 through 5 of this title.The corporation commissioner shall appoint a person as assistant corporation commissioner and shall delegate such of the commissioner's powers and duties to the assistant corporation commissioner as the corporation commissioner desires.Where the office of Secretary of State shall become vacant by resignation, death, or otherwise, the Secretary of State's authority as corporation commissioner shall immediately vest in the assistant corporation commissioner who shall be charged with the execution of the duties of the Secretary of State set forth in this title until the office of Secretary of State ceases to be vacant.   (Ga. L. 1906, p. 105, § 1; Civil Code 1910, § 2208; Code 1933, § 22-1701; Code 1933, § 22-5201, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1; Ga. L. 1980, p. 623, § 19; Ga. L. 1986, p. 1454, § 8; Ga. L. 1993, p. 1231, § 35.)   Cross references.   - Secretary of State generally, § 45-13-1 et seq.   Law reviews.   - For note on the 1993 amendment of this Code section, see 10 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 74 (1993).
GA Code § 14-5-21 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 2 - Corporation Commissioner|§ 14-5-21. Fees; Report; Refunds

 All fees collected by the Secretary of State shall be paid into the state treasury for the use of the state, and the Secretary of State shall include in his or her annual reports a full statement of all fees collected or received under Chapters 2 through 5 of this title and the disposition thereof. The Secretary of State shall be authorized to establish, by rule or regulation, a procedure by which his or her office shall refund fees collected in error or overpayment or to which the state is otherwise not entitled.   (Ga. L. 1906, p. 105, § 6; Civil Code 1910, § 2213; Ga. L. 1931, p. 7, § 86; Code 1933, § 22-1702; Code 1933, § 22-5202, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1; Ga. L. 2011, p. 558, § 3/SB 121.)
GA Code § 14-5-22 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 2 - Corporation Commissioner|§ 14-5-22. Condition of Acceptance of Documents

 The Secretary of State shall accept for filing and recording only those documents which are suitable for reproduction.   (Code 1933, § 22-5203, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-5-23 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 2 - Corporation Commissioner|§ 14-5-23. Rules and Regulations

 Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the Secretary of State may promulgate such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the provisions of this title, which are incidental to and necessary for the implementation and enforcement of such provisions of this title as are administered by the Secretary of State. Such rules and regulations shall be promulgated in accordance with Chapter 13 of Title 50, the "Georgia Administrative Procedure Act."    (Code 1981, §14-5-23, enacted by Ga. L. 1986, p. 1454, § 9.)   Law reviews.   - For annual survey of law of business associations, see 38 Mercer L. Rev. 57 (1986).
GA Code § 14-5-40 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-40. Applicability of Chapter 3 of Title

 Chapter 3 of this title shall be fully applicable to all nonprofit corporations organized for religious, fraternal, or educational purposes, including incorporated churches, religious and fraternal societies, schools, academies, colleges, or universities which are "corporations" as that term is defined in paragraph (6) of Code Section 14-3-140.   (Code 1933, § 22-5501, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1; Ga. L. 1991, p. 465, § 2; Ga. L. 2004, p. 508, § 69.)   Law reviews.   - For article discussing equal protection in public school financing through taxation, in light of Serrano v. Priest, 5 Cal. 3d 584, 96 Cal. Rptr. 601, 487 P.2d 1241 (1971), see 21 J. of Pub. L. 23 (1972).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    Actions of directors of nonprofit colleges must be reviewed in light of corporate rather than trust principles. This is because the formalities of trust law are inappropriate to the administration of colleges and universities which, in this era, operate as businesses. Corporation of Mercer Univ. v. Smith, 258 Ga. 509, 371 S.E.2d 858 (1988).    Construction with O.C.G.A. § 14-3-101. - Georgia Nonprofit Corporate Code, O.C.G.A. § 14-3-101 et seq., can be used to resolve certain controversies involving religious institutions, under O.C.G.A. §§ 14-3-180 and14-5-40 et seq. Waverly Hall Baptist Church, Inc. v. Branham, 276 Ga. App. 818, 625 S.E.2d 23 (2005).    Cited in Free For All Missionary Baptist Church, Inc. v. Southeastern Beverage & Ice Equip. Co., 135 Ga. App. 498, 218 S.E.2d 169 (1975).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 66 Am. Jur. 2d, Religious Societies, § 4. 71 Am Jur 2d State and Local Taxation § 286.   C.J.S.   - 10 C.J.S., Beneficial Associations, § 7. 14 C.J.S., Charities, § 84 et seq. 77 C.J.S., Religious Societies, § 12 et seq.
GA Code § 14-5-41 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-41. Validity of Contracts and Deposits; Enforcement

 All contracts made with any nonprofit corporation referred to in Code Section 14-5-40, all deposits for its account, and all conveyances of title to or by it shall be legal and valid. All such contracts may be enforced in the same manner and in the same way as if such nonprofit corporation referred to in Code Section 14-5-40 were a private individual.   (Ga. L. 1889, p. 161, § 4; Civil Code 1895, § 2366; Civil Code 1910, § 2839; Code 1933, § 22-404; Code 1933, § 22-5502, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 66 Am. Jur. 2d, Religious Societies, § 44.   C.J.S.   - 14 C.J.S., Charities, § 90.   ALR.    - Power of religious or charitable society or corporation to bind itself to pay annuity as condition of receiving gift, 50 A.L.R. 290.    Consolidation or merger of churches of same denomination as affecting property rights, 66 A.L.R. 177.   Power and capacity of members of unincorporated association, lodge, society, or club to convey, transfer, or encumber association property, 15 A.L.R.2d 1451.
GA Code § 14-5-42 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-42. Authority to Act as Trustee of Charitable Trust

 Nonprofit corporation(s) referred to in Code Section 14-5-40 created prior to April 1, 1969, or created thereafter pursuant to this article are authorized to act in their corporate capacity as trustee to administer and carry into effect any charitable trust created prior to April 1, 1969, or thereafter created by deed or by will which is consistent with their corporate purposes.   (Ga. L. 1889, p. 161, § 5; Civil Code 1895, § 2367; Civil Code 1910, § 2840; Code 1933, § 22-405; Code 1933, § 22-5503, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - Trust for school children as charitable, or merely benevolent, 25 A.L.R.2d 1114.
GA Code § 14-5-44 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-44. Church Edifice Liable to Sale for Debt

 In the absence of other property, where a church congregation has incurred a valid debt the church edifice and site are liable to sale for its payment.   (Civil Code 1895, § 2361; Civil Code 1910, § 2834; Code 1933, § 22-407; Code 1933, § 22-5505, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-5-46 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-46. Conveyances to Churches or Religious Societies Confirmed

 All deeds of conveyance executed before April 1, 1969, or thereafter for any lots of land within this state to any person or persons, to any church or religious society, or to trustees for the use of any church or religious society for the purpose of erecting churches or meeting houses shall be deemed to be valid and available in law for the intents, uses, and purposes contained in the deeds of conveyance. All lots of land so conveyed shall be fully and absolutely vested in such church or religious society or in their respective trustees for the uses and purposes expressed in the deed to be held by them or their trustees for their use by succession, according to the mode of church government or rules of discipline exercised by such churches or religious societies.   (Laws 1805, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 899; Code 1873, § 2343; Code 1882, § 2343; Civil Code 1895, § 2353; Civil Code 1910, § 2826; Code 1933, § 22-409; Code 1933, § 22-5507, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For annual survey on real property, see 64 Mercer L. Rev. 255 (2012).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Editor's notes.   - In light of the similarity of the provisions, decisions under former Code 1882, § 2343, and former Code 1933, § 22-409, are included in the annotations for this Code section.   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Church Schisms   Trustees    RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 77 C.J.S., Religious Societies, § 83.   ALR.    - Consolidation or merger of churches of same denomination as affecting property rights, 66 A.L.R. 177.   Undue influence in nontestamentary gift to clergyman, spiritual adviser, or church, 14 A.L.R.2d 649.   Determination of property rights between local church and parent church body: modern view, 52 A.L.R.3d 324.
GA Code § 14-5-47 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-47. Authority of Churches or Religious Societies Over Trustees Holding Land for Their Use

 All trustees to whom conveyances are or shall be executed, for the purposes expressed in Code Section 14-5-46, shall be subject to the authority of the church or religious society for which they hold the same in trust and may be expelled from said trust by such church or society, according to the form of government or rules of discipline by which they may be governed.   (Laws 1805, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 899; Code 1873, § 2344; Code 1882, § 2344; Civil Code 1895, § 2354; Civil Code 1910, § 2827; Code 1933, § 22-410; Code 1933, § 22-5508, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-5-48 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-48. Vacancies in Administration of Land Trusts for Use of Churches and Religious Societies; Certificate of Appointment

 Every church or religious society is authorized to fill all vacancies which may arise in the administration of the trusts described in Code Section 14-5-46 by the death, removal, or expulsion of a trustee or otherwise. When any vacancy shall be filled, the same shall be certified under the hand of the person presiding in the church or society according to the form of government or discipline practiced by the church or society, which certificate shall express the name of the person appointed to fill the vacancy and the name of the person in whose place he shall be appointed. When the certificate has been recorded in the office of the clerk of the superior court of the county in which the land lies, the person so appointed to fill the vacancy shall be as fully vested with the trust as if he had been a party to and named in the original deed, provided that the failure to have recorded the certificate of appointment shall not operate to disqualify or render incompetent to act in any proceeding any trustee duly appointed by the form of government or discipline practiced by the church or society having the power to appoint trustees.   (Laws 1805, Cobb's 1851 Digest, pp. 899, 900; Code 1873, § 2345; Code 1882, § 2345; Ga. L. 1884-85, p. 51, § 1; Civil Code 1895, §§ 2355, 3194; Civil Code 1910, §§ 2828, 3778; Code 1933, § 22-411; Code 1933, § 22-5509, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-5-49 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-49. Applicability of Code Sections 14-5-46 Through 14-5-48 to Other Societies

 Code Sections 14-5-46 through 14-5-48 shall be so construed as to apply to all societies whether social, charitable, secret, or masonic or by whatever name they may be called; and all criminal laws for the protection of religious societies shall be so construed as to apply to all societies by whatever name they may be called.   (Ga. L. 1855-56, p. 272, § 1; Code 1873, § 2346; Code 1882, § 2346; Civil Code 1895, § 2356; Civil Code 1910, § 2829; Code 1933, § 22-412; Code 1933, § 22-5510, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-5-50 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-50. Corporate Rights Generally

 The societies referred to in Code Section 14-5-49 shall be bodies politic and corporate for the purposes of receiving in their distinct and proper names by their trustees or officers all property, both personal and real, by purchase, gift, or bequest. They may plead, be impleaded, contract, and be contracted with. When any such society shall have entered the names of its trustees or officers and shall have recorded its name, style, and objects as required by law, it may defend and be defended and shall then be entitled to all the benefits of Code Sections 14-5-46 through 14-5-48.   (Ga. L. 1855-56, p. 272, § 2; Code 1873, § 2347; Code 1882, § 2347; Civil Code 1895, § 2357; Civil Code 1910, § 2830; Code 1933, § 22-414; Code 1933, § 22-5511, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-5-51 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Corporations|Article 3 - Corporations Organized for Religious, Fraternal, or Educational Purposes|§ 14-5-51. Powers of Eleemosynary and Religious Corporations Extended

 Any eleemosynary or religious corporation created in this state prior to April 1, 1969, or thereafter chartered is by virtue of its existence authorized, in addition to the propagation of the gospel, to:    Conduct schools for the training of youth;   Own and operate for itself or for others printing plants and publishing houses and any desired methods or means for the dissemination of news and information;   Own and operate hospitals, nursing homes, and any and all kinds of institutions for the alleviation of pain and suffering;   Own and operate for itself or others orphan asylums, old people's homes, and any and all institutions for the care of the needy and dependent;   Conduct and carry into effect any plan for the care, maintenance, and support of its workers and employees who may have become disabled, been retired, or otherwise made eligible for the benefits of said plan and, in connection therewith, to conduct a plan for the establishment and payment of annuities; and   Do anything and everything necessary and proper for the accomplishment of the objects enumerated in this Code section and, in general, to carry on any lawful business necessary or incident to the attainment of these objects.    (Ga. L. 1943, p. 1660, § 1; Code 1933, § 22-5512, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 565, § 1; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 14.)
GA Code § 14-9-100 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 9 - Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 14-9-100. Short Title

 This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Georgia Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act."    (Code 1981, §14-9-100, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1016, § 1; Ga. L. 2017, p. 774, § 14/HB 323.)    The 2017 amendment,  effective May 9, 2017, part of an Act to revise, modernize, and correct the Code, substituted "This chapter shall be known and may be cited" for "This chapter may be cited" at the beginning of this Code section.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 59A Am Jur 2d Partnership § 762.
GA Code § 14-9-102 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 9 - Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 14-9-102. Partnership Name

  The name of each limited partnership shall be as set forth in its certificate of limited partnership and:   Must contain the words "limited partnership" or the abbreviation "L.P.";   Must be distinguishable on the records of the Secretary of State from the name of any active limited partnership which is organized under this chapter or which has elected to adopt this chapter pursuant to subsection (b) of Code Section 14-9-1201; and any active foreign limited partnership having a certificate of authority in this state; and any corporation, professional corporation, or professional association on file with the Secretary of State pursuant to this title; and   May not contain any words indicating that the business is organized other than as a limited partnership.     If by reason of paragraph (1) or (3) of subsection (a) of this Code section a name would otherwise be unavailable to a limited partnership which files with the Secretary of State under the provisions of subsection (b) of Code Section 14-9-1201, such name shall nonetheless be available to such limited partnership, but such limited partnership shall be distinguished on the records of the Secretary of State by the Secretary of State's adding as necessary:   "(L.P.)" to the name of the partnership on its records; and   Adding to the name of such partnership on its records in parentheses the name of the county in which it was organized and, if necessary to distinguish multiple partnerships making such filings that were organized in the same county, by adding a numerical distinction to the county name. Such addition of a county name and numerical distinction to a limited partnership name by the Secretary of State shall be solely for the purpose of distinguishing limited partnerships on the files of the Secretary of State, shall not constitute a change in the name of the limited partnership, and shall have no effect whatsoever on the authority of the limited partnership to use its name.     This chapter does not control the use of fictitious or trade names. Issuance of a name under this chapter means that the name is distinguishable for filing purposes on the records of the Secretary of State pursuant to paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of this Code section. Issuance of a limited partnership name does not affect the commercial availability of the name.     (Code 1981, §14-9-102, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1016, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 931, § 1; Ga. L. 1990, p. 257, § 34.)   Law reviews.   - For note on 1989 amendment to this Code section, see 6 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 184 (1989).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 59A Am. Jur. 2d, Partnership, § 778.   C.J.S.   - 68 C.J.S., Partnership, § 562.
GA Code § 14-9-103 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 9 - Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 14-9-103. Reservation of Name

  A person may apply to reserve a name for the purpose of forming a limited partnership by paying the fee specified in Code Section 14-9-1101. If the Secretary of State finds that the limited partnership name applied for is available, he or she shall reserve the name for the applicant's use for 30 days or until the certificate of limited partnership is filed, whichever is sooner. If the Secretary of State finds that the name applied for is not distinguishable for filing purposes upon the records of the Secretary of State, he or she shall notify the applicant who may then submit another reservation request within ten days of the date of the rejection notice without payment of an additional reservation fee.   Upon expiration of a name reservation after 30 days without the filing of a certificate of limited partnership, the name may again be reserved for another 30 day period by the same or another applicant under the same guidelines of subsection (a) of this Code section.   A person who has in effect a name reservation under subsection (a) of this Code section may transfer the reservation to another person by delivering to the Secretary of State a signed notice of the transfer that states the name and address of the transferee.     (Code 1981, §14-9-103, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1016, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 931, § 2; Ga. L. 1990, p. 257, § 35; Ga. L. 2003, p. 883, § 5.)   Law reviews.   - For note on 1989 amendment to this Code section, see 6 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 184 (1989).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 59A Am. Jur. 2d, Partnership, § 778.
GA Code § 14-9-105 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 9 - Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 14-9-105. Records to Be Kept

  The general partners shall cause the limited partnership to keep the following:   A current list of the full name and last known business address of each partner, separately identifying in alphabetical order the general partners and the limited partners;   A copy of the certificate of limited partnership, all certificates of amendment thereto, and all certificates of merger filed in mergers of which the limited partnership was the surviving partnership, together with executed copies of any powers of attorney pursuant to which any certificate has been executed;   Copies of the limited partnership's federal, state, and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the four most recent years;   Copies of any then effective written partnership agreements, merger agreements in connection with mergers of which the limited partnership was the surviving partnership, and of any annual financial statements of the limited partnership for the four most recent years; and   Unless contained in a written partnership agreement, a writing or writings setting out:   The cash and property contributed by each partner to the capital of the partnership; and   The cash and property to be contributed by each partner to the capital of the partnership and terms upon which such contributions are to be made.       The general partners shall make available records kept under this Code section in accordance with Code Section 14-9-305.     (Code 1981, §14-9-105, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1016, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 59A Am. Jur. 2d, Partnership, §§ 776, 777.