reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 16-5-61 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 4 - Reckless Conduct|§ 16-5-61. Hazing

  As used in this Code section, the term:   "Haze" or "hazing" means to subject a student to an activity which endangers or is likely to endanger the physical health of a student or coerces the student through the use of social or physical pressure to consume any food, liquid, alcohol, drug, or other substance which subjects the student to a likely risk of vomiting, intoxication, or unconsciousness regardless of a student's willingness to participate in such activity.   "School" means any unit of the University System of Georgia, any unit of the Technical College System of Georgia, or any private postsecondary school, college, or university in this state.   "School organization" means any association, corporation, order, club, society, fraternity, sorority, athletic team, or a group living together which has students or alumni as its principal members, including local affiliate organizations.   "Student" means any person enrolled or prospectively enrolled in a school in this state.     It shall be unlawful for any person to haze any student in connection with or as a condition or precondition of gaining acceptance, membership, office, or other status in a school organization.   Any person who violates this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of a high and aggravated nature.     (Code 1981, §16-5-61, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 694, § 1; Ga. L. 1990, p. 1690, § 1; Ga. L. 2021, p. 206, § 2/SB 85.)    The 2021 amendment,  effective July 1, 2021, rewrote subsection (a).   Cross references.   - Establishment of school policies and mandatory reporting of hazing, § 20-1-30.   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2021, p. 206, § 1/SB 85, not codified by the General Assembly, provided: "This Act shall be known and may be cited as the 'Max Gruver Act.'"   Law reviews.   - For comment, " 'Am I My Brother's Keeper?,': Reforming Criminal Hazing Laws Based on Assumption of Care," see 63 Emory L. J. 925 (2014).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Ministerial duty of school officials.    - O.C.G.A. § 16-5-61 did not transform the discretionary policing functions of school officials into a ministerial duty to enforce the hazing prohibition. Caldwell v. Griffin Spalding County Bd. of Educ., 232 Ga. App. 892, 503 S.E.2d 43 (1998).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - Tort liability of college, university, fraternity, or sorority for injury or death of member or prospective member by hazing or initiation activity, 68 A.L.R.4th 228.   Validity, construction, and application of "hazing" statutes, 30 A.L.R.5th 683.   Tort liability for hazing or initiation rituals associated with schools, colleges, or universities, 100 A.L.R.6th 365.
GA Code § 16-5-71 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 5 - Cruelty to Children|§ 16-5-71. Tattooing

  It shall be unlawful for any person to tattoo the body of any person under the age of 18, except that a physician or osteopath licensed under Chapter 34 of Title 43, or a technician acting under the direct supervision of such licensed physician or osteopath, and in compliance with Chapter 9 of Title 31 shall be authorized to mark or color the skin of any person under the age of 18 by pricking in coloring matter or by producing scars for medical or cosmetic purposes.   Any person violating the provisions of subsection (a) of this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.     (Code 1981, §16-5-71, enacted by Ga. L. 1987, p. 443, § 1; Ga. L. 1994, p. 446, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Body art studios, § 31-40-1 et seq.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Tattooing the body of minor.    - Trial court did not abuse the court's discretion in denying the defendant's motion to sever the offenses of child molestation, O.C.G.A. § 16-6-4(a)(1), aggravated sexual battery, O.C.G.A. § 16-6-22.2(b), tattooing the body of a minor, O.C.G.A. § 16-5-71(a), and the defendant's motion for new trial on that basis because all of the sex offenses were similar and showed the defendant's common motive, plan, scheme, or bent of mind to satisfy the defendant's sexual desires, and the circumstances surrounding the tattooing offenses would have been admissible at the trial of the sex offenses to show the defendant's lustful disposition and bent of mind; the case was not so complex as to impair the jury's ability to distinguish the evidence and apply the law intelligently as to each offense. Boatright v. State, 308 Ga. App. 266, 707 S.E.2d 158 (2011).   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Fingerprintable offense.   - Tattooing a person under the age of 16 is an offense for which those charged with its violation are to be fingerprinted. 1987 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 87-21.
GA Code § 16-5-71.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 5 - Cruelty to Children|§ 16-5-71.1. Piercing of the Body

  It shall be unlawful for any person to pierce the body, with the exception of the ear lobes, of any person under the age of 18 for the purpose of allowing the insertion of earrings, jewelry, or similar objects into the body, unless the prior written consent of a custodial parent or guardian of such minor is obtained; provided, however, that the prohibition contained in this subsection shall not apply if:   Such person has been furnished with proper identification showing that the individual is 18 years of age or older; and   The person reasonably believes such minor to be 18 years of age or older.     Any person violating the provisions of subsection (a) of this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.     (Code 1981, §16-5-71.1, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 645, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Body art studios, § 31-40-1 et seq.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Age certification.    - Defendant's conviction of piercing the body of a person under the age of 18, O.C.G.A. § 16-5-71.1(a), was proper since the defendant did not verify that an individual was, in fact, 18 years of age before the defendant pierced the individual's tongue. At the time, the individual was 17 years old. Sparks v. State, 292 Ga. App. 143, 664 S.E.2d 247 (2008).
GA Code § 16-5-72 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 5 - Cruelty to Children|§ 16-5-72. Reckless Abandonment

  A parent, guardian, or other person supervising the welfare of or having immediate charge or custody of a child under the age of one year commits the offense of reckless abandonment of a child when the person willfully and voluntarily physically abandons such child with the intention of severing all parental or custodial duties and responsibilities to such child and leaving such child in a condition which results in the death of said child.   Any person who violates subsection (a) of this Code section shall be guilty of a felony and shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for not less than ten nor more than 25 years.     (Code 1981, §16-5-72, enacted by Ga. L. 1989, p. 1605, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For note on 1989 enactment of this Code section, see 6 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 209 (1989).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Evidence sufficient to sustain conviction.    - Evidence that the death of a child occurred following the mother's placing the child in a trash bag after giving birth and then putting the bag on the front porch was sufficient to support the finding of a violation of O.C.G.A. § 16-5-72. In re B.L.M., 228 Ga. App. 664, 492 S.E.2d 700 (1997).
GA Code § 16-5-92 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 7 - Stalking|§ 16-5-92. Applicability

 The provisions of Code Sections 16-5-90 and 16-5-91 shall not apply to persons engaged in activities protected by the Constitution of the United States or of this state or to persons or employees of such persons lawfully engaged in bona fide business activity or lawfully engaged in the practice of a profession.    (Code 1981, §16-5-92, enacted by Ga. L. 1993, p. 1534, § 1.)
GA Code § 16-5-96 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 7 - Stalking|§ 16-5-96. Publication of Second or Subsequent Conviction of Stalking or Aggravated Stalking; Cost of Publication; Good Faith Publications Immune From Liability

  The clerk of the court in which a person is convicted of a second or subsequent violation of Code Section 16-5-90 or 16-5-91 shall cause to be published a notice of conviction for such person. Such notice of conviction shall be published in the manner of legal notices in the legal organ of the county in which such person resides or, in the case of nonresidents, in the legal organ of the county in which the person was convicted. Such notice of conviction shall be one column wide by two inches long and shall contain the photograph taken by the arresting law enforcement agency at the time of arrest; the name and address of the convicted person; the date, time, and place of arrest; and the disposition of the case and shall be published once in the legal organ of the appropriate county in the second week following such conviction or as soon thereafter as publication may be made.   The convicted person for which a notice of conviction is published pursuant to this Code section shall be assessed $25.00 for the cost of publication of such notice and such assessment shall be imposed at the time of conviction in addition to any other fine imposed.   The clerk of the court, the publisher of any legal organ which publishes a notice of conviction, and any other person involved in the publication of an erroneous notice of conviction shall be immune from civil or criminal liability for such erroneous publication, provided that such publication was made in good faith.     (Code 1981, §16-5-96, enacted by Ga. L. 2004, p. 621, § 3B; Ga. L. 2005, p. 60, § 16/HB 95.)   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2004, p. 621, § 9(b), not codified by the General Assembly, provides that this Code section shall apply to offenses committed on or after July 1, 2004.
GA Code § 16-5-102 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 8 - Protection of Elder Persons|§ 16-5-102. Exploitation and Intimidation of Disabled Adults, Elder Persons, and Residents; Obstruction of Investigation

  Any person who knowingly and willfully exploits a disabled adult, elder person, or resident, willfully inflicts physical pain, physical injury, sexual abuse, mental anguish, or unreasonable confinement upon a disabled adult, elder person, or resident, or willfully deprives of essential services a disabled adult, elder person, or resident shall be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than 20 years, a fine of not more than $50,000.00, or both.   Any person who threatens, intimidates, or attempts to intimidate a disabled adult, elder person, or resident who is the subject of a report made pursuant to Chapter 5 of Title 30 or Article 4 of Chapter 8 of Title 31, or any other person cooperating with an investigation conducted pursuant to this Code section, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of a high and aggravated nature.   Any person who willfully and knowingly obstructs or in any way impedes an investigation conducted pursuant to Chapter 5 of Title 30 or Article 4 of Chapter 8 of Title 31, upon conviction, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of a high and aggravated nature.     (Code 1981, §16-5-102, enacted by Ga. L. 2013, p. 524, § 1-1/HB 78.)   Law reviews.   - For article on Crimes and Offenses: Crimes Against the Person, see 35 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 19 (2018).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Knowledge that victim disabled not relevant.    - Trial court did not err in concluding that the portion of O.C.G.A. § 16-5-102(a) that formed the basis for the charged offense did not require the state to prove that the defendant knew the victim was disabled when defendant attacked the victim. Cawthon v. State, 350 Ga. App. 741, 830 S.E.2d 270 (2019).   Evidence sufficient.    - Victim's inability to provide for oneself and manage the victim's financial resources combined with the victim's low IQ score constituted sufficient evidence to support the jury's conclusion that the victim was mentally or physically incapacitated during the relevant time period and, thus, to support the defendant's conviction for abuse of a disabled adult. Cawthon v. State, 350 Ga. App. 741, 830 S.E.2d 270 (2019).   Merger with neglect.    - Evidence supported the defendant's convictions for neglect, abuse, and exploitation of three disabled men that the defendant kept locked in the defendant's mother's basement with no sheets, a poorly functioning toilet, and an uncarpeted concrete floor, O.C.G.A. §§ 31-7-12.1,16-5-101,16-5-102; however, as charged, the abuse by deprivation convictions should have been merged with the neglect convictions. Exploitation was shown by the defendant's use of one man's government assistance check for the defendant's own purposes. Hawkins v. State, 350 Ga. App. 862, 830 S.E.2d 301 (2019).
GA Code § 16-5-103 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 8 - Protection of Elder Persons|§ 16-5-103. Exceptions to Criminal Liability

  An owner, officer, administrator, board member, employee, or agent of a long-term care facility shall not be held criminally liable for the actions of another person who is convicted pursuant to this article unless such owner, officer, administrator, board member, employee, or agent was a knowing and willful party to or conspirator to the abuse or neglect, as defined in Code Section 30-5-3, or exploitation of a disabled adult, elder person, or resident.   A violation of this article shall not give rise to a private cause of action or civil remedies under subsection (b) or (c) of Code Section 16-14-6 against a long-term care facility or any owner, officer, employee, operator, or manager of such facility. Nothing in this subsection shall limit the criminal or civil remedies available to the state pursuant to state law.     (Code 1981, §16-5-103, enacted by Ga. L. 2013, p. 524, § 1-1/HB 78; Ga. L. 2015, p. 598, § 1-2/HB 72.)   Law reviews.   - For article on the 2015 amendment of this Code section, see 32 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 63 (2015).
GA Code § 16-5-104 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 8 - Protection of Elder Persons|§ 16-5-104. Venue

 For the purpose of venue under this article, any violation of this article shall be considered to have been committed:    In any county in which any act was performed in furtherance of the violation; or   In any county in which any alleged victim resides.     (Code 1981, §16-5-104, enacted by Ga. L. 2015, p. 598, § 1-3/HB 72.)   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2015, p. 598, § 1-3/HB 72, effective July 1, 2015, redesignated former Code Section 16-5-104 as present Code Section 16-5-105.   Law reviews.   - For article on the 2015 enactment of this Code section, see 32 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 63 (2015).
GA Code § 16-5-105 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 5 - Crimes Against the Person|Article 8 - Protection of Elder Persons|§ 16-5-105. Applicability

  The use of a power of attorney as provided for in Chapter 6B of Title 10 shall not, in and of itself, absolve a person from prosecution under this article.   This article shall be cumulative and supplemental to any other law of this state.     (Code 1981, §16-5-104, enacted by Ga. L. 2013, p. 524, § 1-1/HB 78; Code 1981, §16-5-105, as redesignated by Ga. L. 2015, p. 598, § 1-3/HB 72; Ga. L. 2017, p. 435, § 3-3/HB 221.)    The 2017 amendment,  effective July 1, 2017, added subsection (a); and designated the existing provisions of this Code section as subsection (b).   Law reviews.   - For article on the 2015 enactment of this Code section, see 32 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 63 (2015).
GA Code § 16-7-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 1 - Burglary|§ 16-7-2. Smash and Grab Burglary; "Retail Establishment" Defined; Penalty

  As used in this Code section, the term "retail establishment" means an establishment that sells goods or merchandise from a fixed location for direct consumption by a purchaser and includes establishments that prepare and sell meals or other edible products either for carry out or service within the establishment.   A person commits the offense of smash and grab burglary when he or she intentionally and without authority enters a retail establishment with the intent to commit a theft and causes damage in excess of $500.00 to such establishment without the owner's consent.   A person convicted of smash and grab burglary shall be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than two nor more than 20 years, by a fine of not more than $100,000.00, or both; provided, however, that upon a second or subsequent conviction, he or she shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five nor more than 20 years, by a fine of not more than $100,000.00, or both.     (Code 1981, §16-7-2, enacted by Ga. L. 2010, p. 1147, § 6/HB 1104.)
GA Code § 16-7-64 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 3 - Arson and Explosives|§ 16-7-64. Criminal Possession of an Explosive Device

 Repealed by Ga. L. 1996, p. 416, § 2, effective May 1, 1996.   Editor's notes.   - This Code section, relating to criminal possession of explosive devices was based on Ga. L. 1967, p. 452, §§ 1 - 3; Code 1933, § 26-1405, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1; Ga. L. 1991, p. 324, § 1. For present provisions as to bombs, explosives, and chemical and biological weapons, see Code Section 16-7-80 et seq.
GA Code § 16-7-82 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 4 - Bombs, Explosives, and Chemical and Biological Weapons|§ 16-7-82. Manufacturing, Transporting, Distributing, Possessing With Intent to Distribute, and Offering to Distribute an Explosive Device

  It shall be unlawful for any person to possess, manufacture, transport, distribute, possess with the intent to distribute, or offer to distribute a destructive device except as provided in this article.   Any person convicted of a violation of this Code section shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than three nor more than 20 years or, by a fine of not more than $25,000.00 or both or, if the defendant is a corporation, by a fine of not less than $25,000.00 nor more than $100,000.00 or not fewer than 5,000 nor more than 10,000 hours of community service or both.     (Code 1981, §16-7-82, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 416, § 3.)
GA Code § 16-7-84 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 4 - Bombs, Explosives, and Chemical and Biological Weapons|§ 16-7-84. Distribution of Certain Materials to Persons Under 21 Years of Age

  It shall be unlawful for any person to distribute or to offer to distribute a destructive device, explosive, poison gas, or detonator to any person who is under 21 years of age.   Any person convicted of a violation of this Code section shall be punished, in the case of an individual, by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than three years or by a fine of not more than $10,000.00 or both or, if the defendant is a corporation, by a fine of not more than $20,000.00 or not fewer than 3,000 hours of community service or both.     (Code 1981, §16-7-84, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 416, § 3.)   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 1996, a semicolon was deleted following "$10,000.00" in subsection (b).
GA Code § 16-7-85 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 4 - Bombs, Explosives, and Chemical and Biological Weapons|§ 16-7-85. Hoax Devices

  It shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture, possess, transport, distribute, or use a hoax device or replica of a destructive device or detonator with the intent to cause another to believe that such hoax device or replica is a destructive device or detonator.   Any person convicted of a violation of this Code section shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year or by a fine of not more than $10,000.00 or both or, if the defendant is a corporation, a fine of not less than $1,000.00 or not fewer than 500 hours of community service or both for each such hoax device or replica; provided, however, that if such person communicates or transmits to another that such hoax device or replica is a destructive device or detonator with the intent to obtain the property of another person or to interfere with the ability of another person to conduct or carry on the ordinary course of business, trade, education, or government, such violation shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one year nor more than five years or by a fine of not more than $25,000.00 or both or, if the defendant is a corporation, a fine of not less than $50,000.00 or not fewer than 1,000 nor more than 10,000 hours of community service or both for each such hoax device or replica.     (Code 1981, §16-7-85, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 416, § 3.)   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 1996, a semicolon was deleted following "$10,000.00" and "$25,000.00" in subsection (b).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Evidence sufficient for conviction.    - Any rational trier of fact could find the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of terroristic threats, O.C.G.A. § 16-11-37(a), hoax devices, O.C.G.A. § 16-7-85(a), and armed robbery, O.C.G.A. § 16-8-41(a), because although circumstantial, the evidence authorized the jury to exclude every reasonable hypothesis other than that the defendant engaged in the acts that constituted the crimes; even though the defendant was apprehended while wearing clothing that did not match that described by the victims, an officer familiar with the habits of bank robbers testified that bank robbers like to wear multi-layer clothing and then shed clothes after the crime. Williams v. State, 312 Ga. App. 22, 717 S.E.2d 532 (2011).
GA Code § 16-7-86 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 4 - Bombs, Explosives, and Chemical and Biological Weapons|§ 16-7-86. Attempt or Conspiracy

 It shall be unlawful for any person to attempt or conspire to commit any offense prohibited by this article. Any person convicted of a violation of this Code section shall be punished by imprisonment or community service; by a fine; or by both such punishments not to exceed the maximum punishment prescribed for the offense the commission of which was the object of the attempt or conspiracy.    (Code 1981, §16-7-86, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 416, § 3.)   Law reviews.   - For review of 1996 damage to and intrusion upon property legislation, see 13 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 108 (1996).
GA Code § 16-7-87 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 7 - Damage to and Intrusion Upon Property|Article 4 - Bombs, Explosives, and Chemical and Biological Weapons|§ 16-7-87. Interference With Officers

 It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to hinder or obstruct any explosive ordnance technician, law enforcement officer, fire official, emergency management official, animal trained to detect destructive devices, or any robot or mechanical device designed or utilized by a law enforcement officer, fire official, or emergency management official of this state or of the United States in the detection, disarming, or destruction of a destructive device. Any person convicted of a violation of this Code section shall be punished as provided in subsection (b) of Code Section 16-10-24.    (Code 1981, §16-7-87, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 416, § 3.)