reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MT Code § 30-3-513 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 5. Presentment, Notice of Dishonor, and Protest|30-3-513. Excused presentment and notice of dishonor

  30-3-513. Excused presentment and notice of dishonor. (1) Presentment for payment or acceptance of an instrument is excused if:   (a) the person entitled to present the instrument cannot with reasonable diligence make presentment;   (b) the maker or acceptor has repudiated an obligation to pay the instrument or is dead or in insolvency proceedings;   (c) by the terms of the instrument, presentment is not necessary to enforce the obligation of indorsers or the drawer; or   (d) the drawer or indorser whose obligation is being enforced waived presentment or otherwise has no reason to expect or right to require that the instrument be paid or accepted.   (2) Presentment for payment or acceptance of a draft is also excused if the drawer instructed the drawee not to pay or accept the draft or the drawee was not obligated to the drawer to pay the draft.   (3) Notice of dishonor is excused if by the terms of the instrument, notice of dishonor is not necessary to enforce the obligation of a party to pay the instrument or the party whose obligation is being enforced waived notice of dishonor. A waiver of presentment is also a waiver of notice of dishonor.   (4) Delay in giving notice of dishonor is excused if the delay was caused by circumstances beyond the control of the person giving the notice and the person giving the notice exercised reasonable diligence after the cause of the delay ceased to operate.   History: En. Sec. 148, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-3-601 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 6. Discharge|30-3-601. Discharge and effect of discharge

  30-3-601. Discharge and effect of discharge. (1) The obligation of a party to pay the instrument is discharged as stated in this chapter or by an act or agreement with the party that would discharge an obligation to pay money under a simple contract.   (2) Discharge of the obligation of a party is not effective against a person acquiring rights of a holder in due course of the instrument without notice of the discharge.   History: En. Sec. 3-601, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-601; amd. Sec. 150, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-3-602 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 6. Discharge|30-3-602. Repealed

  30-3-602. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-602, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-602.
MT Code § 30-3-603 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 6. Discharge|30-3-603. Payment

  30-3-603. Payment. (1) Subject to subsection (2), an instrument is paid to the extent payment is made by or on behalf of a party obliged to pay the instrument and to a person entitled to enforce the instrument. To the extent of the payment, the obligation of the party obliged to pay the instrument is discharged even though payment is made with knowledge of a claim to the instrument under 30-3-306 by another person.   (2) The obligation of a party to pay the instrument is not discharged under subsection (1) if:   (a) a claim to the instrument under 30-3-306 is enforceable against the party receiving payment and:   (i) payment is made with knowledge by the payor that payment is prohibited by injunction or similar process of a court of competent jurisdiction; or   (ii) in the case of an instrument other than a cashier's check, teller's check, or certified check, the party making payment accepted, from the person having a claim to the instrument, indemnity against loss resulting from refusal to pay the person entitled to enforce the instrument; or   (b) the person making payment knows that the instrument is a stolen instrument and pays a person that it knows is in wrongful possession of the instrument.   History: En. Sec. 3-603, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-603; amd. Sec. 151, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-3-604 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 6. Discharge|30-3-604. Tender of payment

  30-3-604. Tender of payment. (1) If tender of payment of an obligation to pay an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument, the effect of tender is governed by principles of law applicable to tender of payment under a simple contract.   (2) If tender of payment of an obligation to pay an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument and the tender is refused, there is discharge, to the extent of the amount of the tender, of the obligation of an indorser or accommodation party having a right of recourse with respect to the obligation to which the tender relates.   (3) If tender of payment of an amount due on an instrument is made by or on behalf of the obligor to the person entitled to enforce the instrument, the obligation of the obligor to pay interest after the due date on the amount tendered is discharged. If presentment is required with respect to an instrument and the obligor is able and ready to pay on the due date at every place of payment stated in the instrument, the obligor is considered to have made tender of payment on the due date to the person entitled to enforce the instrument.   History: En. Sec. 3-604, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-604; amd. Sec. 152, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-3-605 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 6. Discharge|30-3-605. Discharge by cancellation or renunciation

  30-3-605. Discharge by cancellation or renunciation. (1) A person entitled to enforce an instrument may, with or without consideration, discharge the obligation of a party to pay the instrument:   (a) by an intentional voluntary act, such as surrender of the instrument to the party; destruction, mutilation, or cancellation of the instrument; cancellation or striking out of the party's signature; or the addition of words to the instrument indicating discharge; or   (b) by agreeing not to sue or otherwise renouncing rights against the party by a signed writing.   (2) Cancellation or striking out of an indorsement pursuant to subsection (1) does not affect the status and rights of a party derived from the indorsement.   History: En. Sec. 3-605, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-605; amd. Sec. 153, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-3-606 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 6. Discharge|30-3-606. Repealed

  30-3-606. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-606, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-606.
MT Code § 30-3-701 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 7. Advice of International Sight Draft (Repealed)|30-3-701. Repealed

  30-3-701. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-701, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-701.
MT Code § 30-3-801 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 8. Miscellaneous (Repealed)|30-3-801. Repealed

  30-3-801. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-801, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-801.
MT Code § 30-3-802 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 8. Miscellaneous (Repealed)|30-3-802. Repealed

  30-3-802. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-802, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-802.
MT Code § 30-3-803 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 8. Miscellaneous (Repealed)|30-3-803. Repealed

  30-3-803. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-803, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-803.
MT Code § 30-3-804 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 8. Miscellaneous (Repealed)|30-3-804. Repealed

  30-3-804. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-804, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-804.
MT Code § 30-3-805 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 3. Uniform Commercial Code Negotiable Instruments|Part 8. Miscellaneous (Repealed)|30-3-805. Repealed

  30-3-805. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 3-805, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-3-805.
MT Code § 30-4-101 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-101. Short title

  30-4-101. Short title. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Bank Deposits and Collections.   History: En. Sec. 4-101, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-101.
MT Code § 30-4-102 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-102. Applicability

  30-4-102. Applicability. (1) To the extent that items within this chapter are also within the scope of chapters 3, 5, and 8, they are subject to the provisions of those chapters. In the event of conflict the provisions of this chapter govern those of chapter 3 but the provisions of chapters 5 and 8 govern those of this chapter.   (2) The liability of a bank for action or nonaction with respect to any item handled by it for purposes of presentment, payment or collection is governed by the law of the place where the bank is located. In the case of action or nonaction by or at a branch or separate office of a bank, its liability is governed by the law of the place where the branch or separate office is located.   History: En. Sec. 4-102, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-102; amd. Sec. 155, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-103 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-103. Variation by agreement -- measure of damages -- action constituting ordinary care

  30-4-103. Variation by agreement -- measure of damages -- action constituting ordinary care. (1) The effect of the provisions of this chapter may be varied by agreement, but the parties to the agreement may not disclaim a bank's responsibility for its own lack of good faith or failure to exercise ordinary care or limit the measure of damages for the lack or failure. However, the parties may determine by agreement the standards by which the bank's responsibility is to be measured if those standards are not manifestly unreasonable.   (2) Federal reserve regulations and operating circulars, clearinghouse rules, and the like, have the effect of agreements under subsection (1), whether or not specifically assented to by all parties interested in items handled.   (3) Action or nonaction approved by this chapter or pursuant to federal reserve regulations or operating circulars constitutes the exercise of ordinary care and, in the absence of special instructions, action or nonaction consistent with clearinghouse and similar rules or with a general banking usage not disapproved by this chapter, constitutes prima facie the exercise of ordinary care.   (4) The specification or approval of certain procedures by this chapter does not constitute disapproval of other procedures that may be reasonable under the circumstances.   (5) The measure of damages for failure to exercise ordinary care in handling an item is the amount of the item reduced by an amount that could not have been realized by the exercise of ordinary care. If there is also bad faith it includes any other damages the party suffered as a proximate consequence.   History: En. Sec. 4-103, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-103; amd. Sec. 156, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-105 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-105. "Bank" -- "depositary bank" -- "intermediary bank" -- "collecting bank" -- "payor bank" -- "presenting bank"

  30-4-105. "Bank" -- "depositary bank" -- "intermediary bank" -- "collecting bank" -- "payor bank" -- "presenting bank". In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:   (1) "bank" means any person engaged in the business of banking, including a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, or trust company;   (2) "depositary bank" means the first bank to take an item even though it is also the payor bank, unless the item is presented for immediate payment over the counter;   (3) "payor bank" means a bank that is the drawee of a draft;   (4) "intermediary bank" means a bank to which an item is transferred in course of collection except the depositary or payor bank;   (5) "collecting bank" means a bank handling an item for collection except the payor bank;   (6) "presenting bank" means a bank presenting an item except a payor bank.   History: En. Sec. 4-105, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-105; amd. Sec. 158, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-106 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-106. Separate office of a bank

  30-4-106. Separate office of a bank. A branch or separate office of a bank is a separate bank for the purpose of computing the time within which and determining the place at or to which action may be taken or notices or orders must be given under this chapter and under chapter 3.   History: En. Sec. 4-106, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-106; amd. Sec. 160, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-107 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-107. Time of receipt of items

  30-4-107. Time of receipt of items. (1) For the purpose of allowing time to process items, prove balances and make the necessary entries on its books to determine its position for the day, a bank may fix an afternoon hour of 2 p.m. or later as a cut-off hour for the handling of money and items and the making of entries on its books.   (2) Any item or deposit of money received on any day after a cut-off hour so fixed or after the close of the banking day may be treated as being received at the opening of the next banking day.   History: En. Sec. 4-107, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-107.
MT Code § 30-4-108 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-108. Delays

  30-4-108. Delays. (1) Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank in a good faith effort to secure payment of a specific item drawn on a payor other than a bank and with or without the approval of any person involved may waive, modify, or extend time limits imposed or permitted by this code for a period not exceeding 2 additional banking days without discharge of drawers or indorsers or liability to its transferor or a prior party.   (2) Delay by a collecting bank or payor bank beyond time limits prescribed or permitted by this code or by instructions is excused if:   (a) the delay is caused by interruption of communication or computer facilities, suspension of payments by another bank, war, emergency conditions, failure of equipment, or other circumstances beyond the control of the bank; and   (b) the bank exercises such diligence as the circumstances require.   History: En. Sec. 4-108, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-108; amd. Sec. 161, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-109 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-109. Repealed

  30-4-109. Repealed. Sec. 230, Ch. 410, L. 1991.   History: En. Sec. 4-109, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-109.
MT Code § 30-4-110 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-110. Payable through or payable at bank -- collecting bank

  30-4-110. Payable through or payable at bank -- collecting bank. (1) If an item states that it is "payable through" a bank identified in the item:   (a) the item designates the bank as a collecting bank and does not by itself authorize the bank to pay the item; and   (b) the item may be presented for payment only by or through the bank.   (2) If an item states that it is "payable at" a bank identified in the item, the item is drawn on the bank.   History: En. Sec. 159, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-111 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-111. Truncation

  30-4-111. Truncation. (1) "Truncation agreement" means an agreement, clearinghouse rule, or federal reserve regulation or operating circular, providing that presentment of an item may be made by transmission of an image of an item or information describing the item ("presentment notice") rather than delivery of the item itself. The agreement may provide for procedures governing retention, presentment, payment, dishonor, and other matters concerning items subject to the truncation agreement.   (2) If presentment is made pursuant to a truncation agreement, a reference to "item" or "check" in this chapter means the presentment notice unless the context otherwise indicates.   (3) An intermediary bank handling a presentment notice pursuant to a truncation agreement has the rights of a holder of the item to the same extent it would have had rights in the item if the item had been physically transferred to it in the course of collection.   History: En. Sec. 162, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-112 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1. General Provisions and Definitions|30-4-112. Statute of limitations

  30-4-112. Statute of limitations. An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this chapter must be commenced within 3 years after the cause of action accrues.   History: En. Sec. 163, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-201 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2. Collection of Items Depositary and Collecting Banks|30-4-201. Presumption and duration of agency status of collecting banks and provisional status of credits -- applicability of chapter -- item endorsed "pay any bank"

  30-4-201. Presumption and duration of agency status of collecting banks and provisional status of credits -- applicability of chapter -- item endorsed "pay any bank". (1) Unless a contrary intent clearly appears and before the time that a settlement given by a collecting bank for an item is or becomes final (subsections (3) and (4) of 30-4-211 and subsections (2) and (3) of 30-4-213), the bank with respect to the item is an agent or subagent of the owner of the item and any settlement given for the item is provisional. This provision applies regardless of the form of endorsement or lack of endorsement and even though credit given for the item is subject to immediate withdrawal as of right or is in fact withdrawn; but the continuance of ownership of an item by its owner and any rights of the owner to proceeds of the item are subject to rights of a collecting bank, such as those resulting from outstanding advances on the item and valid rights of recoupment or setoff. If an item is handled by banks for purposes of presentment, payment, collection, or return, the relevant provisions of this chapter apply even though action of the parties clearly establishes that a particular bank has purchased the item and is the owner of it.   (2) After an item has been endorsed with the words "pay any bank" or the like, only a bank may acquire the rights of a holder:   (a) until the item has been returned to the customer initiating collection; or   (b) until the item has been specially endorsed by a bank to a person who is not a bank.   History: En. Sec. 4-201, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-201; amd. Sec. 164, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-202 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2. Collection of Items Depositary and Collecting Banks|30-4-202. Responsibility for collection or return -- when action timely

  30-4-202. Responsibility for collection or return -- when action timely. (1) A collecting bank must exercise ordinary care in:   (a) presenting an item or sending it for presentment;   (b) sending notice of dishonor or nonpayment or returning an item other than a documentary draft to the bank's transferor after learning that the item has not been paid or accepted, as the case may be;   (c) settling for an item when the bank receives final settlement; and   (d) notifying its transferor of any loss or delay in transit within a reasonable time after discovery thereof.   (2) A collecting bank exercises ordinary care under subsection (1) by taking proper action before its midnight deadline following receipt of an item, notice, or settlement. Taking proper action within a reasonably longer time may constitute the exercise of ordinary care, but the bank has the burden of so establishing.   (3) Subject to subsection (1)(a), a bank is not liable for the insolvency, neglect, misconduct, mistake, or default of another bank or person or for loss or destruction of an item in transit or in the possession of others.   History: En. Sec. 4-202, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-202; amd. Sec. 165, Ch. 410, L. 1991.
MT Code § 30-4-203 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 30. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 4. Uniform Commercial Code Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2. Collection of Items Depositary and Collecting Banks|30-4-203. Effect of instructions

  30-4-203. Effect of instructions. Subject to the provisions of chapter 3 concerning conversion of instruments (30-3-419) and restrictive endorsements (30-3-205), only a collecting bank's transferor can give instructions that affect the bank or constitute notice to it and a collecting bank is not liable to prior parties for any action taken pursuant to such instructions or in accordance with any agreement with its transferor.   History: En. Sec. 4-203, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-4-203; amd. Sec. 166, Ch. 410, L. 1991.