reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 450.2402 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2402 - Annual Meeting of Shareholders or Members for Election of Directors and Conduct Other Business; Failure to Hold Meeting at Designated Time or Elect Sufficient Number of Directors; Adjournment of Meeting; Court Order to Hold Meeting or Election; Quorum.

450.2402 Annual meeting of shareholders or members for election of directors and conduct other business; failure to hold meeting at designated time or elect sufficient number of directors; adjournment of meeting; court order to hold meeting or election; quorum.Sec. 402.  A corporation shall hold an annual meeting of its shareholders or members, to elect directors and conduct any other business that may come before the meeting, on a date designated in the bylaws, unless the shareholders or members act by written consent under section 407 or by ballot under section 408 or 409. A failure to hold the annual meeting at the designated time, or to elect a sufficient number of directors at the meeting or any adjournment of the meeting, does not affect otherwise valid corporate acts or work a forfeiture or give cause for dissolution of the corporation, except as provided in section 823. If the annual meeting is not held on the date designated for the meeting, the board shall cause the meeting to be held as soon after that date as is convenient. If the annual meeting is not held for 90 days after the date designated for the meeting, or if no date is designated for 15 months after formation of the corporation or after its last annual meeting, the circuit court for the county in which the principal place of business or registered office of the corporation is located, on application of a shareholder or member, may summarily order that the corporation hold the meeting or the election, or both, and that it is held at the time and place, after the notice, and for the transaction of the business that is designated in the order. At any meeting ordered by the court under this section, the shareholders or members that are present in person or by proxy and that have voting powers constitute a quorum for transaction of the business designated in the order. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2403 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2403 - Special Meeting of Shareholders or Members; Court Order; Quorum.

450.2403 Special meeting of shareholders or members; court order; quorum.Sec. 403.  The board may call a special meeting of shareholders or members or the officers, directors, shareholders, or members may call a special meeting as provided in the bylaws. Notwithstanding any provision in the bylaws concerning the call of a special meeting, if it receives an application from the holders of not less than 10% of all the shares or from not less than 10% of all the members entitled to vote at a meeting, the circuit court for the county in which the principal place of business or registered office is located, for good cause shown, may order the call of a special meeting of shareholders or members and that it is held at the time and place, after the notice, and for the transaction of the business that is designated in the order. At any meeting ordered by the court under this section, the shareholders or members that are present in person or by proxy and that have voting powers constitute a quorum for transaction of the business designated in the order. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2405 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2405 - Shareholder, Member, or Proxy Holder Participation in Meeting by Conference Telephone or Other Means of Remote Communication; Conditions; Participation as Presence in Person at Meeting; Participating and Voting by Remote Communication.

450.2405 Shareholder, member, or proxy holder participation in meeting by conference telephone or other means of remote communication; conditions; participation as presence in person at meeting; participating and voting by remote communication.Sec. 405.  (1) Unless otherwise restricted by the articles of incorporation or bylaws, a shareholder, member, or proxy holder may participate in a meeting of shareholders or members by a conference telephone or other means of remote communication that permits all persons that participate in the meeting to communicate with all the other participants. All participants shall be advised of the means of remote communication.   (2) Participation in a meeting under this section constitutes presence in person at the meeting.  (3) Unless otherwise restricted by any provisions of the articles of incorporation or bylaws, the board of directors may hold a meeting of shareholders or members that is conducted solely by means of remote communication.  (4) Subject to any guidelines and procedures adopted by the board of directors, shareholders, members, and proxy holders that are not physically present at a meeting of shareholders or members may participate in the meeting by a means of remote communication and are considered present in person and may vote at the meeting if all of the following are met:  (a) The corporation implements reasonable measures to verify that each person that is considered present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a shareholder, member, or proxy holder.  (b) The corporation implements reasonable measures to provide each shareholder, member, or proxy holder a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the shareholders or members, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with the proceedings.  (c) If any shareholder, member, or proxy holder votes or takes other action at the meeting by a means of remote communication, a record of the vote or other action is maintained by the corporation. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 29, 2008 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2406 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2406 - Chairperson Presiding at Meeting of Shareholders or Members; Powers, Duties, and Authority.

450.2406 Chairperson presiding at meeting of shareholders or members; powers, duties, and authority.Sec. 406.  (1) At each meeting of shareholders or members, a chairperson shall preside. The chairperson shall be appointed as provided in the bylaws or, in the absence of a provision in the bylaws, by the board of directors.  (2) Unless the articles of incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise, the chairperson that presides at a meeting of the shareholders or members shall determine the order of business and has the authority to establish rules for the conduct of the meeting. Any rules adopted for, or for the conduct of, the meeting must be fair to shareholders or members.  (3) The chairperson of a meeting shall announce at the meeting when the polls close for each vote of the shareholders or members. If an announcement is not made, the polls close on the final adjournment of the meeting. After the polls close, ballots, proxies, and votes and any revocations or changes to ballots, proxies, or votes, shall not be accepted. History: Add. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2406a (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2406a - Notice by Electronic Transmission.

450.2406a Notice by electronic transmission.Sec. 406a.  In addition to any other form of notice to a shareholder or member permitted by the articles of incorporation, the bylaws, or this chapter, any notice given to a shareholder or member by a form of electronic transmission to which the shareholder or member has consented is effective. History: Add. 2008, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 29, 2008
MI Comp L § 450.2411 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2411 - Repealed. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015.

450.2411 Repealed. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to fixing record date for determination of shareholders or members entitled to notice and vote.
MI Comp L § 450.2413 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2413 - Making and Certifying List of Shareholders or Members Entitled to Vote at Meeting or Adjournment; Requirements; Noncompliance; Adjournment of Meeting; Validity of Action Taken.

450.2413 Making and certifying list of shareholders or members entitled to vote at meeting or adjournment; requirements; noncompliance; adjournment of meeting; validity of action taken.Sec. 413.  (1) The officer or agent responsible for the shareholder or membership records of a corporation shall make and certify a complete list of the shareholders or members entitled to vote at a meeting or any adjourned meeting of the shareholders or members. All of the following apply to the list:  (a) The officer or agent shall arrange the list alphabetically within each class and include the address of each member or shareholder and, if applicable, the number of shares held by each shareholder.  (b) The officer or agent shall produce the list at the time and place of the meeting.  (c) The list is open to examination by any shareholder or member during the entire meeting. If the meeting is held solely by means of remote communication, then the officer or agent shall make the list open to the examination of any shareholder or member during the entire meeting by posting the list on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and providing the information required to access the list with the notice of the meeting.  (d) The list is prima facie evidence of which shareholders or members are entitled to examine the list or to vote at the meeting.  (2) If the requirements of this section are not complied with, and a shareholder or member that is present in person or by proxy in good faith challenges the existence of sufficient votes to approve any action at the meeting, the corporation shall adjourn the meeting until the requirements are complied with. Failure to comply with the requirements of this section does not affect the validity of an action taken at the meeting before a challenge under this subsection. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 29, 2008 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2415 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2415 - Quorum; Continuing Conduct of Business if Less Than Quorum; Adjournment of Meeting; Shareholders Entitled to Vote Separately.

450.2415 Quorum; continuing conduct of business if less than quorum; adjournment of meeting; shareholders entitled to vote separately.Sec. 415.  (1) Unless a greater or lesser quorum is provided in the articles of incorporation, in a bylaw adopted by the shareholders, members, or incorporators, or in this act, shares or members entitled to cast a majority of the votes at a meeting constitute a quorum at the meeting. If the withdrawal of shareholders or members leaves less than a quorum before adjournment, the remaining shareholders or members present in person or by proxy at the meeting may continue to do business until adjournment. Whether or not a quorum is present, a meeting may be adjourned by a vote of the shareholders or members present.  (2) If the holders of a class of shares or members of a class are entitled to vote separately on an item of business, this section applies in determining the presence of a quorum of the class for transaction of the item of business. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2422 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2422 - Irrevocable Proxy.

450.2422 Irrevocable proxy.Sec. 422.  A proxy that is entitled "irrevocable proxy", and that states that it is irrevocable, is irrevocable when it is held by any of the following or a nominee of any of the following:  (a) In the case of shares or memberships that are transferable, a holder of a pledge or other security interest in the shares or membership.  (b) In the case of shares or memberships that are transferable, a person that has purchased or agreed to purchase the shares or membership.  (c) A creditor of the corporation that extends or continues credit to the corporation in consideration of the proxy.  (d) An individual who has contracted to perform services as a director, officer, or employee of the corporation, if a proxy is required by the contract of employment.  (e) A person designated by or under an agreement under section 461.  (f) A holder of any other proxy coupled with an interest. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2423 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2423 - Revocability of Proxy.

450.2423 Revocability of proxy.Sec. 423.  (1) A proxy described in section 422 becomes revocable, notwithstanding a provision that makes it irrevocable, after the pledge is redeemed, the security interest is terminated, the debt of the corporation is paid, the period of employment provided for in the contract of employment expires, or the agreement under section 461 is terminated. A proxy described in section 422(c) or (d) is revocable 3 years after the date of the proxy or at the end of any period specified in the proxy, whichever period is less, unless the period of irrevocability is renewed by execution of a new irrevocable proxy. This subsection does not affect the duration of a proxy under section 421(2).  (2) A proxy is revocable, notwithstanding a provision that makes it irrevocable, by a purchaser of shares that did not know at the time of purchase of the existence of the provision unless the existence of the proxy and its irrevocability are noted conspicuously on the face or back of the certificate representing the shares. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2431 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2431 - Inspectors at Shareholders' or Members' Meeting; Waiver; Appointment and Duties; Failure to Appoint; Vacancy; Report; Evidence.

450.2431 Inspectors at shareholders' or members' meeting; waiver; appointment and duties; failure to appoint; vacancy; report; evidence. Sec. 431.  (1) If the bylaws require inspectors at a shareholders' or members' meeting, the requirement is waived unless compliance therewith is requested by a shareholder or member present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, the board, in advance of a shareholders' or members' meeting, may appoint 1 or more inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If inspectors are not so appointed, the person presiding at a shareholders' or members' meeting may, and on request of a shareholder or member entitled to vote shall, appoint 1 or more inspectors. In case a person appointed fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the board in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the person presiding.  (2) The inspectors shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each or the members entitled to vote, the shares or members entitled to vote represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders or members. On request of the person presiding at the meeting or a shareholder or member entitled to vote, the inspectors shall make and execute a written report to the person presiding at the meeting of any of the facts found by them and matters determined by them. The report is prima facie evidence of the facts stated and of the vote as certified by the inspectors. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983
MI Comp L § 450.2432 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2432 - Beneficial Owner of Shares or Memberships Registered in Name of Nominee; Recognition by Corporation as Shareholder or Member; Procedure.

450.2432 Beneficial owner of shares or memberships registered in name of nominee; recognition by corporation as shareholder or member; procedure.Sec. 432.  (1) A corporation may establish a procedure under which the beneficial owner of shares or memberships that are registered in the name of a nominee is recognized by the corporation as the shareholder or member. The procedure established may determine the extent of this recognition.  (2) A procedure established under subsection (1) may include any of the following:  (a) The type of nominees to which it applies.  (b) The rights or privileges that the corporation recognizes in the beneficial owner.  (c) The manner in which the procedure is selected by the nominee.  (d) The information that the nominee, shareholder, or member must provide if the procedure is selected.  (e) The period for which selection of the procedure is effective.  (f) Other aspects of the rights and duties created. History: Add. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2441 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2441 - Voting Generally.

450.2441 Voting generally.Sec. 441.  (1) Each outstanding share or member is entitled to 1 vote on each matter submitted to a vote, unless otherwise provided under section 303 or 304. A person may cast a vote at a meeting of the shareholders or members either orally or in writing, unless otherwise provided in the bylaws.   (2) If an action, other than the election of directors, is submitted for a vote of the shareholders or members, the action is approved or authorized if it receives the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares or members entitled to vote on the action, unless a higher vote is required in the articles of incorporation or a higher or lower vote is required under another section of this act. Unless otherwise provided by the articles of incorporation, abstaining from a vote or submitting a ballot marked "abstain" with respect to an action is not a vote cast on that action. Except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast at an election. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 29, 2008 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2442 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-4 - Chapter 4 (450.2401...450.2497)|Section 450.2442 - Voting as Class.

450.2442 Voting as class.Sec. 442.  (1) The articles of incorporation or bylaws may provide that a class of shares or members shall vote as a class to authorize any action, including amendment to the articles of incorporation. A vote as a class under this section is in addition to any other vote required under this act. If voting as a class is provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, it shall be by the proportionate vote provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws or, if a proportionate vote is not so provided, then for any action other than the election of directors, by a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares or members of the class entitled to vote on the action.  (2) If voting as a class is required under this act to authorize an action, the action is authorized if it receives the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the shareholders or members of each class entitled to vote on that action, unless a higher vote is required in the articles of incorporation or under another section of this act. A vote as a class under this subsection is in addition to any other vote required under this act.  (3) Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, abstaining from a vote or submitting a ballot marked "abstain" with respect to an action that requires authorization by a class of shareholders or members is not a vote cast on that action. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015