reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 34-45-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 45 - Offenses|§ 34-45-101. Damages for Taking Ore

 In trials for the recovery of the value of ore or minerals wrongfully mined and extracted, if plaintiff shows himself entitled to recover, and if he had the rightful possession of the ground from which the ore was taken at the time the action was brought or tried, the fact that defendant may have been in possession, either actual or constructive, when the case was tried shall not deprive plaintiff from recovering damages for the value of the ore or mineral mined and extracted according to the rules of law pertaining to the trials of actions of that character. But for the purpose of the action, plaintiff shall be deemed and held to be in possession of all the ground, drifts, stopes, openings, and premises from which the ore was taken, although he may not be able to reach such ground from his own openings and workings. The rule of law that plaintiff can recover nominal damages for the first entry, and then wait until he obtains actual possession of the ground from which the ore was taken, and then bring another action for the value of the ore or mineral so mined and taken, shall not be observed nor applied to defeat, in the first action, the recovery of the value of the ore or mineral so wrongfully mined and taken.   History. Source: L. 1893: P. 349, § 1. R.S. 08: § 4219. C.L. § 3307. CSA: C. 110, § 200. CRS 53: § 92-26-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-26-1. History. Source: L. 1893: P. 349, § 1. R.S. 08: § 4219. C.L. § 3307. CSA: C. 110, § 200. CRS 53: § 92-26-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-26-1.
CO Code § 34-45-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 45 - Offenses|§ 34-45-103. Killing in Entry by Force

 If any persons associate and agree to enter by force of numbers, and such number is calculated to inspire terror, or by force and violence, or by threats of violence, against any persons in the actual possession of any lode, gulch, or placer claim, and upon or into such lode, gulch, or placer claim, and upon such entry, any persons are killed, said persons, and each of them, so entering, shall be deemed guilty of murder in the first degree, and punished accordingly. Upon the trial of such cases, any person cognizant of such entry, who shall either be present, aiding and assisting, or shall by promise of money, property, influence, assistance, or other thing of value, in any way encourage such entry, shall be deemed a principal in the commission of said offense.   History. Source: L. 1874: P. 192, § 4. L. 1876: P. 94, § 1. G.L. § 1829. G.S. § 2415. R.S. 08: § 4221. C.L. § 3309. CSA: C. 110, § 202. CRS 53: § 92-26-3. L. 63: P. 339, § 53. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-26-3. History. Source: L. 1874: P. 192, § 4. L. 1876: P. 94, § 1. G.L. § 1829. G.S. § 2415. R.S. 08: § 4221. C.L. § 3309. CSA: C. 110, § 202. CRS 53: § 92-26-3. L. 63: P. 339, § 53. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-26-3.    Cross references:   For murder in the first degree, see § 18-3-102 .
CO Code § 34-46-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 46 - Mining Equipment - Ownership|§ 34-46-101. Definitions

 As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:    “Mining equipment” includes all parts of a mine plant or any equipment used in connection with any such plant, whether the same is underground or on the surface, which contributes or may contribute to the mining, treatment, or handling of ores, or any metalliferous or nonmetalliferous mineral products, and, without restriction, such generalization includes any new or used tools, track, cars, pipe, cable, timber, belting, houses, tents, or treatment plants or parts thereof, of the value when new of not less than twenty-five dollars.     History. Source: L. 41: P. 540, § 1. CSA: C. 110, § 332. CRS 53: § 92-36-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-1. History. Source: L. 41: P. 540, § 1. CSA: C. 110, § 332. CRS 53: § 92-36-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-1.
CO Code § 34-46-102 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 46 - Mining Equipment - Ownership|§ 34-46-102. Written Evidence of Ownership Required

 It is unlawful for any person to have in his possession any mining equipment acquired after April 16, 1941, without the written evidence of ownership or right of possession.   History. Source: L. 41: P. 540, § 2. CSA: C. 110, § 333. CRS 53: § 92-36-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-2. History. Source: L. 41: P. 540, § 2. CSA: C. 110, § 333. CRS 53: § 92-36-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-2.
CO Code § 34-46-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 46 - Mining Equipment - Ownership|§ 34-46-103. Prohibiting Destruction, Appropriation, or Deprivation of Use

 It is unlawful for any person to destroy or appropriate to his own use any mining equipment of which he is not the lawful owner and possessor or to deprive the lawful owner and possessor of the use or possession thereof.   History. Source: L. 41: P. 540, § 3. CSA: C. 110, § 334. CRS 53: § 92-36-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-3. History. Source: L. 41: P. 540, § 3. CSA: C. 110, § 334. CRS 53: § 92-36-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-3.
CO Code § 34-46-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 46 - Mining Equipment - Ownership|§ 34-46-104. When Transportation Prohibited Except by Railroad

 It is unlawful to transport any used mining equipment except by railroad transportation without first obtaining written evidence of ownership or right of possession thereof by the person transporting the same, or satisfying the local sheriff or other peace officers of the county in which machinery is located that the person desiring to move such used machinery or equipment as defined in section 34-46-101 is responsible and has a legal right to move such used machinery or equipment. Such evidence shall, upon demand of any peace officer or Colorado state trooper, be exhibited, and unless so exhibited, any such officer shall take possession of such mining equipment at the expense, if any, of the shipper and shall hold the same until the provisions of this article have been complied with.   History. Source: L. 41: P. 541, § 4. CSA: C. 110, § 335. CRS 53: § 92-36-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-4. L. 2013: Entire section amended, (HB 13-1300), ch. 316, p. 1696, § 103, effective August 7. History. Source: L. 41: P. 541, § 4. CSA: C. 110, § 335. CRS 53: § 92-36-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-4. L. 2013: Entire section amended, (HB 13-1300), ch. 316, p. 1696, § 103, effective August 7.
CO Code § 34-46-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 46 - Mining Equipment - Ownership|§ 34-46-105. Penalty

 Any person who violates any provision of this article commits a class 6 felony and shall be punished as provided in section 18-1.3-401 , C.R.S.   History. Source: L. 41: P. 541, § 5. CSA: C. 110, § 336. CRS 53: § 92-36-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-5. L. 77: Entire section amended, p. 882, § 59, effective July 1, 1979. L. 89: Entire section amended, p. 848, § 124, effective July 1. L. 2002: Entire section amended, p. 1546, § 302, effective October 1. History. Source: L. 41: P. 541, § 5. CSA: C. 110, § 336. CRS 53: § 92-36-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-5. L. 77: Entire section amended, p. 882, § 59, effective July 1, 1979. L. 89: Entire section amended, p. 848, § 124, effective July 1. L. 2002: Entire section amended, p. 1546, § 302, effective October 1.    Editor's note:   The effective date for amendments made to this section by chapter 216, L. 77, was changed from July 1, 1978, to April 1, 1979, by chapter 1, First Extraordinary Session, L. 78, and was subsequently changed to July 1, 1979, by chapter 157, § 23, L. 79. See People v. McKenna, 199 Colo. 452 , 611 P.2d 54 (1980).   Cross references:   For the legislative declaration contained in the 2002 act amending this section, see section 1 of chapter 318, Session Laws of Colorado 2002.
CO Code § 34-46-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 46 - Mining Equipment - Ownership|§ 34-46-106. Possession Prima Facie Unlawful - When

 Upon the trial of any person charged with the theft or unlawful possession of mining equipment, or with the violation of any provision of this article, the possession by such person of such mining equipment without written evidence of ownership or right of possession shall be prima facie evidence that such possession is unlawful.   History. Source: L. 41: P. 541, § 6. CSA: C. 110, § 337. CRS 53: § 92-36-6. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-6. History. Source: L. 41: P. 541, § 6. CSA: C. 110, § 337. CRS 53: § 92-36-6. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-35-6.
CO Code § 34-48-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-101. Right-of-Way for Water

 Whenever any persons are engaged in bringing water into any portion of a mine, they have the right-of-way secured to them, and may pass over any claim, road ditch, or other structure, if the water is guarded so as not to interfere with prior rights.   History. Source: R.S. P. 465, § 2. G.L. § 1798. G.S. § 2387. R.S. 08: § 4212. C.L. § 3294. CSA: C. 110, § 184. CRS 53: § 92-24-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-1. History. Source: R.S. P. 465, § 2. G.L. § 1798. G.S. § 2387. R.S. 08: § 4212. C.L. § 3294. CSA: C. 110, § 184. CRS 53: § 92-24-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-1.    ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Mining and Marketing the Uranium”, see 27 Rocky Mt. L. Rev. 482 (1955). For article, “Colorado Oil and Gas Conveyancing in Context”, see 56 U. Colo. L. Rev. 495 (1985).
CO Code § 34-48-102 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-102. Mine Under Buildings

 No person has the right to mine under any building or other improvement unless he shall first secure the parties owning the same against all damages, except by priority of right.   History. Source: R.S. P. 465, § 3. G.L. § 1799. G.S. § 2388. R.S. 08: § 4213. C.L. § 3295. CSA: C. 110, § 185. CRS 53: § 92-24-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-2. History. Source: R.S. P. 465, § 3. G.L. § 1799. G.S. § 2388. R.S. 08: § 4213. C.L. § 3295. CSA: C. 110, § 185. CRS 53: § 92-24-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-2.    ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Severed Minerals as a Deterrent to Land Development”, see 51 Den. L. J. 1 (1974).
CO Code § 34-48-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-103. Flooding - Tailings - Liability

 In no case shall any person be allowed to flood the property of another person with water, or wash down the tailings of his sluice upon the claim or property of other persons, but it is the duty of every miner to take care of his own tailings, upon his own property, or become responsible for all damages that may arise therefrom.   History. Source: R.S. P. 466, § 8. G.L. § 1804. G.S. § 2393. R.S. 08: § 4214. C.L. § 3296. CSA: C. 110, § 186. CRS 53: § 92-24-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-3. History. Source: R.S. P. 466, § 8. G.L. § 1804. G.S. § 2393. R.S. 08: § 4214. C.L. § 3296. CSA: C. 110, § 186. CRS 53: § 92-24-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-3.    ANNOTATION   This section would appear to create liability without fault arising from pollution of stream with mine tailings, whereby damage is suffered by another. Freel v. Ozark-Mahoning Co., 208 F. Supp. 93 (D. Colo. 1962 ).   Under this section a miner must take care of his tailings on his own property, and evidence of a custom of miners to dump their tailings upon their own grounds, and let them take care of themselves, is insufficient to prevent the issuing of an injunction against the washing down of tailings on plaintiff's claim, where the consent of plaintiff to the acts complained of is not shown. Fuller v. Swan River Placer Mining Co., 12 Colo. 12 , 19 P. 836 (1888).   Joint liability for pollution. Where two or more defendants contribute to the pollution of waters of a natural stream, each is responsible for the entire resulting damage even though its separate act might not have caused injury. Wilmore v. Chain O'Mines, Inc., 96 Colo. 319 , 44 P.2d 1024 (1934).   Operators of ore reduction mills have no right to pollute waters of natural stream by dumping mill tailings therein to the injury of others using water below their point of operation. Humphreys Tunnel & Mining Co. v. Frank, 46 Colo. 524 , 105 P. 1093 (1909); Wilmore v. Chain O'Mines, Inc., 96 Colo. 319 , 44 P.2d 1024 (1934); Slide Mines, Inc. v. Left Hand Ditch Co., 102 Colo. 69 , 77 P.2d 125 (1938).   Applied in Fuller v. Swan River Placer Mining Co., 12 Colo. 12 , 19 P. 836 (1888).
CO Code § 34-48-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-104. Right-of-Way for Hauling Quartz

 Every miner has the right-of-way across any and all claims for the purpose of hauling quartz from his claim.   History. Source: R.S. P. 466, § 9. G.L. § 1805. G.S. § 2394. R.S. 08: § 4215. C.L. § 3297. CSA: C. 110, § 187. CRS 53: § 92-24-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-4. History. Source: R.S. P. 466, § 9. G.L. § 1805. G.S. § 2394. R.S. 08: § 4215. C.L. § 3297. CSA: C. 110, § 187. CRS 53: § 92-24-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-4.    ANNOTATION   Limited right-of-way established by this section does not establish a public highway. Because the right-of-way established by this section is limited to miners hauling quartz, it does not make a route open to public traffic by law by establishing a general right of the public to use it and therefore does not establish a public highway under § 43-1-202 or § 43-2-201 (1)(e) . Gold Hill Dev. Co. v. TSG Ski & Golf, 2015 COA 177 , 378 P.3d 816.
CO Code § 34-48-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-105. Rights-of-Way - Condemnation

 All mining claims, including patented and unpatented claims, shall be subject to the right-of-way of any ditch, flume, pipeline for transporting water or air for mining purposes, or of any tram, tramway, or pack trail, across any such locations or claims. Any person or corporation desiring to construct, maintain, and operate any such flume, ditch, pipeline, tram, tramway, or pack trail shall pay due and just compensation for such right-of-way to the owner of the claim through which it is proposed to construct, operate, and maintain such flume, ditch, pipeline, tram, tramway, or pack trail. When the parties cannot agree upon such right-of-way and the amount of compensation to be paid the owner of such claim, the same shall be determined in the manner provided by law for the exercise of right of eminent domain. Such ditch, flume, or pipeline shall be so constructed that the water from such ditch, flume, or pipeline shall not injure vested rights by flooding.   History. Source: L. 1874: P. 188, § 11. G.L. § 1821. G.S. § 2407. R.S. 08: § 4216. L. 17: P. 378, § 1. C.L. § 3298. CSA: C. 110, § 188. CRS 53: § 92-24-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-5. History. Source: L. 1874: P. 188, § 11. G.L. § 1821. G.S. § 2407. R.S. 08: § 4216. L. 17: P. 378, § 1. C.L. § 3298. CSA: C. 110, § 188. CRS 53: § 92-24-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-5.    ANNOTATION   Section does not give miners power to condemn private property to build private railroad. People ex rel. Aspen M. & S. Co. v. District Court, 11 Colo. 147 , 17 P. 298 (1887).
CO Code § 34-48-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-107. Tunnels - Drifts - Right-of-Way - Condemnation

 The owner of any mining claim or property who, by reason of established rights, shall be entitled to follow any mineral-bearing vein or lode into the property of another, and the owner of any mining claim or property lying on two or more sides of the property of another has the right to enter and cross such adjoining or intermediate claims or property, with such drifts, tunnels, and crosscuts as may be necessary for the practical or economical mining and development of his own property and for the purpose of extracting and removing ore therefrom. When any such owner and the owners of such adjoining or intermediate claims or property through which such owner desires to pass under the terms of this section and sections 34-48-108 and 34-48-109 shall be unable to agree upon the terms, conditions, and purchase price of rights-of-way for such necessary drifts, tunnels, and crosscuts, then the owner seeking to exercise the rights granted in this section may exercise the right of eminent domain and condemn the rights-of-way into, across, and through such intermediate or adjacent lands such as may be necessary for the practical and economical working of his own property, and such rights-of-way are declared to be private ways of necessity.   History. Source: L. 27: P. 483, § 1. CSA: C. 110, § 190. L. 43: P. 432, § 1. CRS 53: § 92-24-7. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-7. History. Source: L. 27: P. 483, § 1. CSA: C. 110, § 190. L. 43: P. 432, § 1. CRS 53: § 92-24-7. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-7.
CO Code § 34-48-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-108. Accounting

 Any owner exercising the rights and privileges granted in this article shall do so in such manner as not to interfere with the mining operations of the owner into or through whose property he seeks to go, and shall extract only such ore as is necessary in the reasonable exercise of the rights granted in this article, and all ore extracted shall be accounted for by the person exercising such rights to the owner of the property from which such ore is taken, at its gross value on the surface.   History. Source: L. 27: P. 484, § 2. CSA: C. 110, § 191. CRS 53: § 92-24-8. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-8. History. Source: L. 27: P. 484, § 2. CSA: C. 110, § 191. CRS 53: § 92-24-8. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-8.
CO Code § 34-48-109 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-109. Surveys

 The owners of land through which it is proposed to construct such tunnel shall have the right at any reasonable time, upon application to the superintendent or other managing officer of such condemning owner, to enter his works with their surveyors and inspectors for the purpose of inspection and making a survey of any such works and shall have the right of ingress and egress through said works at all reasonable times.   History. Source: L. 27: P. 484, § 3. CSA: C. 110, § 192. CRS 53: § 92-24-9. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-9. History. Source: L. 27: P. 484, § 3. CSA: C. 110, § 192. CRS 53: § 92-24-9. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-9.
CO Code § 34-48-110 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-110. Rights-of-Way for Conveyance and Storage of Water

 All persons and corporations engaged in mining or milling of ores have the right-of-way over, upon, under, and across all mining claims, including patented and unpatented claims, or other lands, for the construction, maintenance, and operation of flumes, ditches, pipelines, and conduits to convey water for use in said mines and mills, and to convey tailings and waste from said mines, mills, and reduction plants, and may also take and condemn any such claims or other lands for the construction, maintenance, and operation of reservoirs to be used for the settling or storing of tailings or waste from any such mines, mills, and reduction plants, without the consent of the owners of such property affected.   History. Source: L. 37: P. 850, § 1. CSA: C. 110, § 192(1). CRS 53: § 92-24-10. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-10. History. Source: L. 37: P. 850, § 1. CSA: C. 110, § 192(1). CRS 53: § 92-24-10. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-10.
CO Code § 34-48-111 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 48 - Easements|§ 34-48-111. Right of Eminent Domain

 All persons or corporations shall pay due and just compensation for rights-of-way to the owners of the property through which it is proposed to construct any flume, ditch, pipeline, or conduit or upon which any reservoirs shall be located. When the parties cannot agree upon such right-of-way or reservoir site or the amount of compensation to be paid therefor, all such persons or corporations are vested with the power of eminent domain and are authorized to proceed to acquire such rights-of-way for flumes, ditches, pipelines, conduits, and reservoir sites, in the manner provided by law for the exercise of the right of eminent domain.   History. Source: L. 37: P. 851, § 2. CSA: C. 110, § 192(2). CRS 53: § 92-24-11. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-11. History. Source: L. 37: P. 851, § 2. CSA: C. 110, § 192(2). CRS 53: § 92-24-11. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-24-11.    Cross references:   For right of eminent domain, see articles 1 to 7 of title 38.
CO Code § 34-49-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 49 - Surveys|§ 34-49-101. Survey - Notice - Affidavit

  In all actions pending in any district court of this state, wherein the title or right to possession of any mining claims shall be in dispute, the court may, upon application of any of the parties to such action, enter an order for an underground as well as surface survey of such part of the property in dispute as may be necessary to a just determination of the question involved. Such order shall designate some competent surveyor not related to any of the parties to such action, or in any way interested in the result of the same, and, upon the application of the party adverse to such application, the court may also appoint some competent surveyor, to be selected by such adverse applicant, whose duty it is to attend upon such survey and observe the method of making the same, said second surveyor to be at the cost of the party asking therefor.    It is also lawful in such order to specify the names of witnesses named by either party, not exceeding three on each side, to examine such property, who shall thereupon be allowed to enter into such property and examine the same. The court may also cause the removal of any rock, debris, or other obstacle in any of the drifts or shafts of said property, when such removal is shown to be necessary to a just determination of the question involved. No such order shall be made for survey and inspection except in open court or in chambers, upon notice of application for such order for at least six days, and not then except by agreement of the parties, or upon the affidavit of two or more persons, that such survey and inspection are necessary to the just determination of the action, which affidavits shall state the facts in such case, and wherein the necessity for survey exists, nor shall such order be made unless it appears that the party asking therefor had been refused the privilege of survey and inspection by the adverse party.     History. Source: L. 1874: P. 190, § 1. G.L. § 1827. G.S. § 2413. R.S. 08: § 4218. C.L. § 3300. CSA: C. 110, § 193. CRS 53: § 92-25-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-25-1. History. Source: L. 1874: P. 190, § 1. G.L. § 1827. G.S. § 2413. R.S. 08: § 4218. C.L. § 3300. CSA: C. 110, § 193. CRS 53: § 92-25-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-25-1.
CO Code § 34-49-102 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 34 - Mineral Resources|Article 49 - Surveys|§ 34-49-102. Platting Fractional Claims

 The owners of adjoining, abutting, or adjacent fractions of patented mining properties may plat the same for taxation and description.   History. Source: L. 17: P. 376, § 1. C.L. § 3301. CSA: C. 110, § 194. CRS 53: § 92-25-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-25-2. History. Source: L. 17: P. 376, § 1. C.L. § 3301. CSA: C. 110, § 194. CRS 53: § 92-25-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 92-25-2.