reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NY Transp L § 97 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 97 - Switch and Side-Track Connections; Powers of Commissioner.

§ 97. Switch and side-track connections; powers of commissioner.  1. A   railroad  company  upon the application of any shipper tendering traffic   for  transportation,  shall  construct,  maintain   and   operate   upon   reasonable  terms a switch connection or connections with a lateral line   of railroad or private side-track owned, operated or controlled by  such   shipper,  and  shall,  upon the application of any shipper, provide upon   its own property a side-track and switch connection  with  its  line  of   railroad,  whenever  such side-track and switch connection is reasonably   practicable, can be put in with safety  and  the  business  therefor  is   sufficient to justify the same.2.  If  any railroad company shall fail to install or operate any such   switch connection with a lateral line of railroad or any such side-track   and switch connection as aforesaid, after written  application  therefor   has  been  made  to it, any corporation or person interested may present   the facts to the commissioner by written petition, and the  commissioner   shall  investigate  the  matter  stated  in such petition, and give such   hearing thereon as he may deem necessary or proper. If the  commissioner   finds   that   it   is  safe  and  practicable  to  have  a  connection,   substantially as prayed for, established or  maintained,  and  that  the   business  to  be done thereon justifies the construction and maintenance   thereof,  he  shall  make  an  order  directing  the  construction   and   establishment thereof, specifying the reasonable compensation to be paid   for  the construction, establishment and maintenance thereof, and may in   like manner upon the application  of  the  railroad  company  order  the   discontinuance of such switch connection.3.  The  commissioner  shall  have  power, where in his judgment it is   reasonably necessary, to make delivery to, or  complete  delivery  by  a   railroad  company  to  require such railroad company to operate upon the   property of another a switch or side-track, and construct and maintain a   proper connection thereto, with  its  line  of  railroad.  Whenever  the   shipper  and  the  carrier  shall  be unable to agree as to the terms of   agreements respecting such  switches  or  side-tracks,  whether  on  the   property  of  the  railroad company or of another, and such connections,   made between a railroad  company  and  the  owner  or  occupant  of  any   premises  served  or  to  be  served  by  such switch, or side-track, or   connection,  the  same  shall  be  subject  to  the  approval   of   the   commissioner.
NY Transp L § 97-A (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 97-A - Rules and Instructions for Flag Protection for Stopped Railroad Trains.

§ 97-a. Rules   and  instructions  for  flag  protection  for  stopped railroad trains. 1. Every railroad company  shall,  within  thirty  days enactment  hereof,  promulgate  appropriate  operating rules and special instructions for employees in conformity with the following:  (a) When a  train  stops  under  circumstances  in  which  it  may  be overtaken  by  another train, a member of the crew must provide flagging protection, that is, go back immediately with a red flag, torpedoes  and fusees by day and with a red and/or white light, torpedoes and fusees by night,  a  sufficient  distance  to  insure full protection, placing two torpedoes on the rail and when necessary, in addition,  display  lighted fusees.  (b) When recalled and safety to the train will permit, he may return.  (c) When conditions require, he will leave the torpedoes and a lighted fusee.  (d)  The  front  of  the train must be protected in the same way, when necessary, by a member of the crew.  (e) When a train is moving under circumstances  in  which  it  may  be overtaken  by  another train, a member of the crew must take such action as may be necessary to insure full protection. By night (or by day, when the view is obscured) lighted fusees must  be  dropped  off  the  moving train or displayed at proper intervals.  (f) When day signals cannot be plainly seen, owing to weather or other conditions, night signals must also be used.  (g)  Conductors  and  enginemen  are responsible for the protection of their trains.  (h) When a pusher engine is assisting  a  train,  coupled  behind  the cabin  or  caboose  car,  and  the  member  of the crew who protects the rear-end of the train is  riding  in  the  cabin  or  caboose  car,  the requirements  as  to the fusees will be met by dropping them off between the cabin or caboose car and pusher engine on the  track  the  train  is using,  and  not  between  that  track  and an adjacent track. Provided, however, that unless specific circumstances indicate to the contrary, it will be presumed that trains stopping under the following  circumstances will not be overtaken by another train:  (i) Passenger trains making normal station stops.  (ii)  All  trains  stopping  in  manual  block  territory protected by absolute block.  (iii) All trains stopping so as to be completely within the limits  of classication  or  storage  yards  at  the usual place to change crews or remove power.   2. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to require  the  employment of  additional  employees  or  restrict  the  use of crew members in any manner.   3.  The  commissioner  shall  have  full  authority  to  enforce   the provisions of this section.
NY Transp L § 100 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 100 - Concurrence in Joint Tariffs.

§ 100. Concurrence in joint tariffs. The names of the several carriers   which  are  parties  to any joint tariff shall be specified therein, and   each of the parties thereto, other than the one filing the  same,  shall   file  with  the  commissioner  such  evidence  of concurrence therein or   acceptance thereof as may be required or approved by  the  commissioner;   and  where such evidence of concurrence or acceptance is filed, it shall   not be necessary for the carriers filing the same also to file copies of   the tariffs in which they are named as parties.
NY Transp L § 101 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 101 - Unjust Discrimination.

§ 101. Unjust  discrimination.  No  common  carrier shall, directly or   indirectly, by any special rate, rebate, drawback, or  other  device  or   method,   charge,   demand,  collect  or  receive  from  any  person  or   corporation a greater or less compensation for any service  rendered  or   to  be  rendered in the transportation of passengers or property, except   as authorized in this chapter, than it  charges,  demands,  collects  or   receives  from  any  other  person  or  corporation for doing a like and   contemporaneous service in the transportation of a like kind of  traffic   under the same or substantially similar circumstances and conditions.
NY Transp L § 102 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 102 - Unreasonable Preference.

§ 102. Unreasonable  preference.  No common carrier shall make or give   any undue or unreasonable preference  or  advantage  to  any  person  or   corporation  or  to  any  locality  or  to any particular description of   traffic in any respect whatsoever, or subject any particular  person  or   corporation or locality or any particular description of traffic, to any   undue   or   unreasonable  prejudice  or  disadvantage  in  any  respect   whatsoever.
NY Transp L § 104 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 104 - Free Transportation on Municipal Ferries of Soldiers, Sailors and Marines in Uniform.

§ 104. Free  transportation  on municipal ferries of soldiers, sailors   and marines in uniform. A ferry owned  or  operated  by  a  municipality   between  points  wholly within the state of New York shall carry without   charge or fee of any kind for transportation  between  such  points  any   soldier,  sailor or marine in uniform during their term of enlistment in   the service of the state or the United States.
NY Transp L § 105 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 105 - False Billing by Carrier or Shipper.

§ 105. False  billing  by carrier or shipper. No common carrier or any   officer or agent thereof or any person acting for  or  employed  by  it,   shall  assist,  suffer  or  permit  any  person or corporation to obtain   transportation for any passenger or property between points within  this   state at less than the rates then established and in force in accordance   with the schedules filed and published in accordance with the provisions   of  this chapter, by means of false billing, false classification, false   weight or weighing, or false report of weight, or by any other device or   means. No person, corporation or any officer, agent  or  employee  of  a   corporation,  who  shall  deliver property for transportation within the   state to a common carrier, shall seek to obtain such transportation  for   such  property  at  less  than  the  rates then established and in force   therefor,  as  aforesaid,  by  false   billing,   false   or   incorrect   classification,  false  weight  or weighing, false representation of the   contents of a package, or false report or statement of weight, or by any   other device or means, whether with or without the consent or connivance   of the common carrier, or any of its officers, agents or  employees.  No   person  shall obtain transportation for himself or others or shall avail   himself or others of any means of transportation at rates other than  or   different  from  those  prescribed  in  the schedules of rates filed and   published, or in violation of the conditions  attached  to  any  reduced   rate  ticket,  provided  such  conditions are contained in the filed and   published schedules. Nothing in this  section  shall  limit,  modify  or   change  the  provisions  of  section  one  hundred three and section one   hundred four.
NY Transp L § 105-A (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 105-A - Immunity From Civil Liability for Employees of Public Transportation Authorities Who Render Assistance to Victims of Crime.

§ 105-a. Immunity   from  civil  liability  for  employees  of  public   transportation authorities who render assistance to  victims  of  crime.   Notwithstanding  any provision of law to the contrary, any employee of a   public transportation authority who renders assistance to a  person  who   is a victim of a crime being committed on any facility of such authority   shall  have  immunity  from  civil liability for damages for injuries or   death arising out of such act of assistance, unless  it  is  established   that  such injuries were or such death was caused by gross negligence on   the part of such employee.
NY Transp L § 106 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 106 - Discrimination Prohibited; Connecting Lines.

§ 106. Discrimination   prohibited;  connecting  lines.  Every  common   carrier shall afford all reasonable, proper and equal facilities for the   interchange of passenger and property traffic between the  lines  owned,   operated, controlled or leased by it and the lines of every other common   carrier,  and  for  the prompt transfer of passengers and for the prompt   receipt and forwarding of property to and from its said  lines;  and  no   common  carrier  shall  in  any manner discriminate in respect to rates,   fares or charges or in respect to any  service  or  in  respect  to  any   charges  or  facilities for any such transfer in receiving or forwarding   between any two or more other common carriers or between  passengers  or   property  destined  to  points  upon  the lines of any two or more other   common carriers or in  any  respect  with  reference  to  passengers  or   property  transferred  or  received  from  any  two or more other common   carriers. This section shall not require a common carrier to  permit  or   allow any other common carrier to use its tracks or terminal facilities.   Every common carrier shall receive from every other common carrier, at a   connecting  point,  freight  cars  of proper standard, and haul the same   through to destination,  if  the  destination  be  upon  a  line  owned,   operated  or  controlled  by such common carrier, and such service shall   not be construed as requiring a common carrier to permit  or  allow  any   other common carrier to use its tracks or terminal facilities; or if the   destination be upon a line of some other common carrier, to haul any car   so  delivered  through  to  the  connecting  point  upon the line owned,   operated, controlled or leased by it, by way of route  over  which  such   car  is  billed,  and  there  to deliver the same to the next connecting   carrier. Nothing in this section  shall  be  construed  as  limiting  or   modifying  the  duty of a common carrier to establish joint rates, fares   and charges for the transportation of passengers and property  over  the   lines  owned,  operated,  controlled  and  leased by it and the lines of   other common carriers, nor  limiting  or  modifying  the  power  of  the   commissioner to require the establishment of such joint rates, fares and   charges.  A  railroad company and a street railroad company shall not be   required to interchange cars except on such terms and conditions as  the   commissioner may direct.
NY Transp L § 107 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 107 - Long and Short Hauls.

§ 107. Long  and  short  hauls.  It  shall  be unlawful for any common   carrier subject to the provisions of this chapter to charge  or  receive   any  greater  compensation  in  the  aggregate for the transportation of   passengers, or of like kind of property, for a shorter than for a longer   distance over the same line or route in the same direction, the  shorter   being  included  within  the  longer  distance, or to charge any greater   compensation as a through rate than the aggregate  of  the  intermediate   rates  subject  to the provisions of this chapter; but this shall not be   construed as authorizing any common carrier  to  charge  or  receive  as   great  compensation  for  a  shorter as for a longer distance; provided,   however, that upon application to the commissioner such  common  carrier   may  in  special  cases,  after  investigation,  be  authorized  by  the   commissioner to charge less for longer than for  the  shorter  distances   for  the  transportation of passengers or property; and the commissioner   may from time to time prescribe the  extent  to  which  such  designated   common  carrier  may  be  relieved  from  the operation of this section.   Provided further, that any such carrier or  carriers  operating  over  a   circuitous  line  or  route  may,  subject  only  to  the  standards  of   lawfulness set forth in this chapter and without further  authorization,   meet  the charges of such carrier or carriers of the same type operating   over a more direct line or route, to or  from  the  competitive  points,   provided  that  rates so established over circuitous routes shall not be   evidence on the issue of the compensatory character of rates involved in   other proceedings; and provided further, that  tariffs  proposing  rates   subject  to  the provisions of this section requiring the commissioner's   authorization may be filed when application is made to the  commissioner   under  the  provisions  hereof,  and  in  the  event such application is   approved, the commissioner shall permit such tariffs to become effective   upon one day's notice.Whenever a carrier by railroad in competition with a  water  route  or   routes  shall reduce the rates on the carriage of any species of freight   to or from competitive points, it shall not  be  permitted  to  increase   such  rates  unless  after hearing by the commissioner it shall be found   that such proposed increase rests upon changed conditions other than the   elimination of water competition.
NY Transp L § 108 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 108 - Distribution of Cars.

§ 108. Distribution  of  cars.  1. Every common carrier engaged in the   transportation of property shall, upon reasonable notice, furnish to all   persons and corporations who may apply therefor, and offer property  for   transportation,  sufficient  and suitable cars for the transportation of   such property in  car-load  lots.  Every  railroad  company  and  street   railroad company shall have sufficient cars and motive power to meet all   requirements for the transportation of passengers and property which may   reasonably  be  anticipated,  unless  relieved therefrom by order of the   commissioner. In case, at any particular time, a common carrier has  not   sufficient  cars  to  meet  all  requirements  for the transportation of   property in car-load lots, all cars available to it  for  such  purposes   shall  be  distributed  among  the  several applicants therefor, without   discrimination  between   shippers,   localities   or   competitive   or   non-competitive points, but preference may always be given in the supply   of cars for shipment of live-stock or perishable property.2. The commissioner shall have power to make, and by order shall make,   reasonable  regulations  for  the furnishing and distribution of freight   cars to shippers, for the switching of the same,  for  the  loading  and   unloading thereof, for demurrage charges in respect thereto, and for the   weighing of cars and property offered for shipment or transported by any   common carrier.
NY Transp L § 109 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 109 - Liability for Damage to Property in Transit.

§ 109. Liability  for  damage  to  property  in  transit. Every common   carrier shall, upon demand, issue either a receipt or bill of lading for   all  property  delivered  to  it  for  transportation.    No   contract,   stipulation  or  clause in any receipt or bill of lading shall exempt or   be held to exempt any common carrier from any liability for loss, damage   or injury caused by it to property from the time  of  its  delivery  for   transportation   until   the  same  shall  have  been  received  at  its   destination and a reasonable time shall have  elapsed  after  notice  to   consignee  of such arrival to permit the removal of such property. Every   common carrier shall be  liable  for  all  loss,  damage  or  injury  to   property  caused by delay in transit due to negligence while the same is   being carried by it, but in any action to recover for damages  sustained   by  delay  in transit the burden of proof shall be upon the defendant to   show that such delay was not due to  negligence.  Every  common  carrier   shall  be  liable  for  loss,  damage  and injury to property carried as   baggage whether in connection with the transportation of  the  owner  or   not,  up  to the full value and regardless of the character thereof, but   the value in excess of one hundred and fifty  dollars  shall  be  stated   upon  delivery  to  the carrier, and a written receipt stating the value   shall be issued by the carrier, who may make a reasonable charge for the   assumption of such liability in excess of one hundred and fifty  dollars   and  for  the carriage of baggage exceeding one hundred and fifty pounds   in weight upon a single ticket or receipt. Nothing in this section shall   deprive any holder of such receipt or bill of lading of  any  remedy  or   right of action which he has under existing law.
NY Transp L § 110 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 110 - Continuous Carriage.

§ 110. Continuous  carriage.  No  common  carrier  shall enter into or   become a party to any combination, contract, agreement or understanding,   written or oral, express or implied, to prevent by any arrangement or by   change of arrangement of time schedule, by carriage in different cars or   by any other means or device whatsoever the carriage  of  property  from   being continuous from the place of shipment to the place of destination.   No  breakage  of  bulk, stoppage or interruption of carriage made by any   common carrier shall prevent the carriage of property from being treated   as one continuous carriage from the place of shipment to  the  place  of   destination.    Nor  shall  any  such  breakage  of  bulk,  stoppage  or   interruption of carriage be made or  permitted  by  any  common  carrier   except  it  be  done  in  good  faith  for  a  necessary purpose without   intention to avoid or unnecessarily interrupt or  delay  the  continuous   carriage  of such property or to evade any provision of law, or order of   the commissioner.
NY Transp L § 111 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TRA - Transportation Article 4 - Provisions Relating to Common Carriers 111 - Liability for Damage.

§ 111. Liability  for damage. In case a common carrier shall do, cause   to be done or permit to be done any act,  matter  or  thing  prohibited,   forbidden  or  declared  to  be  unlawful,  or shall omit to do any act,   matter or thing required to be done, either by law or by  order  of  the   commissioner,  such  common  carrier  shall  be liable to the persons or   corporations affected thereby for all  loss,  damage  or  injury  caused   thereby  or  resulting  therefrom, and in case of recovery, if the court   shall find that  such  act  or  omission  was  wilful,  it  may  in  its   discretion  fix  a reasonable counsel or attorney's fee, which fee shall   be taxed and collected as part of the costs in the case.  An  action  to   recover  for  such loss, damage or injury may be brought in any court of   competent jurisdiction by any such person or corporation.