reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
IA Code § 684A.3 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.3 - Contents of certification order.

684A.3 Contents of certification order.   A certification order shall set forth the questions of law to be answered and a statement of facts relevant to the questions certified, showing fully the nature of the controversy in which the questions arose.  [C81, §684A.3]
IA Code § 684A.4 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.4 - Preparation of certification order.

684A.4 Preparation of certification order.   The certification order shall be prepared by the certifying court, signed by the judge presiding at the hearing, and forwarded to the supreme court by the clerk of the certifying court under its official seal. The supreme court may require the original or copies of all or of a portion of the record before the certifying court to be filed with the certification order, if, in the opinion of the supreme court, the record or portion of it is necessary in answering the questions.  [C81, §684A.4]
IA Code § 684A.5 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.5 - Costs of certification.

684A.5 Costs of certification.   Fees and costs shall be the same as in civil appeals docketed before the supreme court and shall be equally divided between the parties unless otherwise ordered by the certifying court in its order of certification.  [C81, §684A.5]
IA Code § 684A.6 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.6 - Procedure.

684A.6 Procedure.   The supreme court may prescribe rules of procedure concerning the answering and certification of questions of law under this chapter.  [C81, §684A.6]  83 Acts, ch 186, §10128, 10201; 98 Acts, ch 1115, §17, 21  Rules adopted by the supreme court are published in the compilation “Iowa Court Rules”
IA Code § 684A.7 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.7 - Opinion.

684A.7 Opinion.   The written opinion of the supreme court stating the law governing the questions certified shall be sent by the clerk under the seal of the supreme court to the certifying court and to the parties.  [C81, §684A.7]
IA Code § 684A.8 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.8 - Power to certify.

684A.8 Power to certify.   The supreme court or the court of appeals, on its own motion or the motion of a party, may order certification of questions of law to the highest court of another state when it appears to the certifying court that there are involved in a proceeding before the court questions of law of the receiving state which may be determinative of the cause then pending in the certifying court and it appears to the certifying court that there are no controlling precedents in the decisions of the highest court or intermediate appellate courts of the receiving state.  [C81, §684A.8]
IA Code § 684A.9 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.9 - Procedure on certifying.

684A.9 Procedure on certifying.   The procedures for certification from this state to the receiving state are those provided in the laws of the receiving state.  [C81, §684A.9]
IA Code § 684A.10 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.10 - Construction.

684A.10 Construction.   This chapter shall be so construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states which enact it.  [C81, §684A.10]
IA Code § 684A.11 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 684A - QUESTIONS OF LAW IN SUPREME COURT CERTIFIED|Section 684A.11 - Title.

684A.11 Title.   This chapter may be cited as the “Uniform Certification of Questions of Law Act”.  [C81, §684A.11]
IA Code § 685.4 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 685 - FALSE CLAIMS|Section 685.4 - Procedure — statute of limitations.

685.4 Procedure — statute of limitations.   1. A subpoena requiring the attendance of a witness at a trial or hearing conducted under this chapter may be served at any place in the state, or through any means authorized in the Iowa rules of civil procedure.   2. A civil action under this chapter may not be brought more than six years after the date on which the violation of section 685.2 is committed, or more than three years after the date when facts material to the right of action are known or reasonably should have been known by the official of state charged with responsibility to act in the circumstances, but in no event more than ten years after the date on which the violation is committed, whichever occurs last.   3. If the state elects to intervene and proceed with an action brought under this chapter, the state may file its own complaint or amend the complaint of a qui tam plaintiff to clarify or add detail to the claims in which the state is intervening and to add any additional claims with respect to which the state contends it is entitled to relief. For statute of limitations purposes, any such state pleading shall relate back to the filing date of the complaint of the qui tam plaintiff who originally brought the action, to the extent that the claim of the state arises out of the conduct, transactions, or occurrences set forth, or attempted to be set forth, in the prior complaint of that person.   4. In any action brought under section 685.3, the state shall prove all essential elements of the cause of action, including damages, by a preponderance of the evidence.   5. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Iowa rules of criminal procedure, or the Iowa rules of evidence, a final judgment rendered in favor of the state in any criminal proceeding charging fraud or false statements, whether upon a verdict after trial or upon a plea of guilty or nolo contendere, shall estop the defendant from denying the essential elements of the offense in any action which involves the same transaction as in the criminal proceeding and which is brought under section 685.3.  2010 Acts, ch 1031, §341
IA Code § 685.5 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 685 - FALSE CLAIMS|Section 685.5 - Jurisdiction.

685.5 Jurisdiction.   1. Any action under section 685.3 may be brought in any county in which the defendant or, in the case of multiple defendants, any one defendant can be found, resides, transacts business, or in which any act proscribed by section 685.2 occurred. An original notice as required by the Iowa rules of civil procedure shall be issued by the appropriate district court and served in accordance with the Iowa rules of civil procedure.   2. A seal on the action ordered by the court under section 685.3 shall not preclude the state, local government, or the qui tam plaintiff from serving the complaint, any other pleadings, or the written disclosure of substantially all material evidence and information possessed by the qui tam plaintiff on the law enforcement authorities that are authorized under the law of the state or local government to investigate and prosecute such actions on behalf of such governments, except that such seal applies to the law enforcement authorities so served to the same extent as the seal applies to other parties in the action.  2010 Acts, ch 1031, §342
IA Code § 685.7 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 685 - FALSE CLAIMS|Section 685.7 - Rulemaking authority.

685.7 Rulemaking authority.   The attorney general may adopt such rules and regulations as are necessary to effectuate the purposes of this chapter.  2010 Acts, ch 1031, §344
IA Code § 686.1 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686 - CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS — CLASS ACTIONS|Section 686.1 - Definitions.

686.1 Definitions.   As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:   1. “Action” means any civil action or arbitration proceeding for damages or indemnity asserting a claim for injury to property, real or personal, arising out of the unsafe or defective condition of an improvement to real property based on tort, breach of contract, or express or implied warranty.   2. “Association” means an entity or homeowners association created for the purposes of managing the operations of a community as set forth in a declaration of covenants or declaration of submission of property to horizontal property regime filed of record in the county that the property is located.   3. “Claimant” means a private owner, a subsequent private owner, or an association, who asserts a claim in a class action for damages against a general contractor or subcontractor concerning a construction defect. “Claimant” shall not include a public corporation as defined in section 573.1.   4. “Construction defect” means an alleged or actual unsafe or defective condition of an improvement to real property.   5. “General contractor” means a person who does work or furnishes materials by contract, express or implied, with an owner.   6. “Owner” means the legal or equitable titleholder of record to real property or the holder of a leasehold interest.   7. “Serve”, “served”, or “service” means delivery by certified mail with a United States postal service record of evidence of delivery or attempted delivery to the last known address of the addressee, by hand delivery with written evidence of delivery, or by delivery by any courier with written evidence of delivery.   8. “Subcontractor” means a person furnishing material or performing labor upon any building, erection, or other improvement to land, except those having contracts directly with the owner.  2019 Acts, ch 25, §1, 8, 9  Section applies to actions for which litigation has not commenced prior to April 15, 2019; 2019 Acts, ch 25, §8, 9
IA Code § 686.2 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686 - CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS — CLASS ACTIONS|Section 686.2 - Action — compliance.

686.2 Action — compliance.   1. A claimant shall not file an action without first complying with the requirements of this chapter. If a claimant files an action alleging a construction defect without first complying with the requirements of this chapter, on timely motion by a party to the action, the court shall stay the action, without prejudice, and the action shall not proceed until the claimant has complied with the requirements.   2. An action filed prior to the expiration of the statute of limitations set forth in section 614.1, which is stayed pursuant to this section and for which the statute of limitations runs during the time the claimant is complying with this statute, shall not be deemed barred by the applicable statute of limitation for the pending action if the claimant complies with the requirements of this chapter and the action is otherwise allowed to proceed.  2019 Acts, ch 25, §2, 8, 9  Section applies to actions for which litigation has not commenced prior to April 15, 2019; 2019 Acts, ch 25, §8, 9
IA Code § 686.4 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686 - CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS — CLASS ACTIONS|Section 686.4 - Multiple construction defects.

686.4 Multiple construction defects.   The procedures in this chapter apply to each construction defect. However, a claimant may include multiple defects in one notice of claim. A claimant may amend the initial list of construction defects to identify additional or new construction defects as the defects become known to the claimant. The court shall allow the action to proceed to trial only as to alleged construction defects that were noticed and for which the claimant has complied with this chapter and as to construction defects reasonably related to, or caused by, the construction defects previously noticed. Nothing in this section shall preclude subsequent or further actions.  2019 Acts, ch 25, §4, 8, 9  Section applies to actions for which litigation has not commenced prior to April 15, 2019; 2019 Acts, ch 25, §8, 9
IA Code § 686.5 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686 - CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS — CLASS ACTIONS|Section 686.5 - Limitations of chapter.

686.5 Limitations of chapter.   This chapter does not do any of the following:   1. Bar or limit any rights, including the right of specific performance to the extent such right would be available in the absence of this chapter, any causes of action, or any theories on which liability may be based, except as specifically provided in this chapter.   2. Bar or limit any defense, or create any new defense, except as specifically provided in this chapter.   3. Create any new rights, causes of action, or theories on which liability may be based.  2019 Acts, ch 25, §5, 8, 9  Section applies to actions for which litigation has not commenced prior to April 15, 2019; 2019 Acts, ch 25, §8, 9
IA Code § 686.6 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686 - CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS — CLASS ACTIONS|Section 686.6 - Effect of arbitration clauses.

686.6 Effect of arbitration clauses.   To the extent that an arbitration clause in a contract for the sale, design, or construction of real property conflicts with this chapter, this chapter shall control.  2019 Acts, ch 25, §6, 8, 9  Section applies to actions for which litigation has not commenced prior to April 15, 2019; 2019 Acts, ch 25, §8, 9
IA Code § 686.7 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686 - CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS — CLASS ACTIONS|Section 686.7 - Application.

686.7 Application.   1. This chapter applies to construction defects in new construction. This chapter does not apply to construction defects in renovations or remodels.   2. This chapter only applies to actions brought pursuant to a class action.  2019 Acts, ch 25, §7 – 9  Section applies to actions for which litigation has not commenced prior to April 15, 2019; 2019 Acts, ch 25, §8, 9
IA Code § 686A.1 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686A - ASBESTOS BANKRUPTCY TRUST CLAIMS|Section 686A.1 - Title.

686A.1 Title.   This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Asbestos Bankruptcy Trust Claims Transparency Act”.  2017 Acts, ch 11, §1
IA Code § 686A.2 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686A - ASBESTOS BANKRUPTCY TRUST CLAIMS|Section 686A.2 - Definitions.

686A.2 Definitions.   As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:   1. “Asbestos” means chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite asbestos, anthophyllite asbestos, actinolite asbestos, asbestiform winchite, asbestiform richterite, asbestiform amphibole minerals, and any of these minerals that have been chemically treated or altered, including all minerals defined as asbestos in  29 C.F.R. pt. 1910  , at the time the asbestos action is filed.   2. “Asbestos action” means a claim for damages or other civil or equitable relief presented in a civil action arising out of, based on, or related to the health effects of exposure to asbestos, including loss of consortium, wrongful death, mental or emotional injury, risk or fear of disease or other injury, costs of medical monitoring or surveillance, and any other derivative claim made by or on behalf of a person exposed to asbestos or a representative, spouse, parent, child, or other relative of that person.   3. “Asbestos trust” means a government-approved or court-approved trust, qualified settlement fund, compensation fund, or claims facility created as a result of an administrative or legal action, a court-approved bankruptcy, or pursuant to 11 U.S.C. §524(g) or 11 U.S.C. §1121(a) or other applicable provision of law, that is intended to provide compensation to claimants arising out of, based on, or related to the health effects of exposure to asbestos.   4. “Plaintiff” means the person bringing an asbestos action, including a personal representative if the asbestos action is brought by an estate, or a conservator or next friend if the asbestos action is brought on behalf of a minor or legally incapacitated individual.   5. “Trust claims materials” means a final executed proof of claim and all other documents and information related to a claim against an asbestos trust, including claims forms and supplementary materials, affidavits, depositions and trial testimony, work history, and medical and health records, documents reflecting the status of a claim against an asbestos trust, and if the trust claim has settled, all documents relating to the settlement of the trust claim.   6. “Trust governance documents” means all documents that relate to eligibility and payment levels, including claims payment matrices, trust distribution procedures, or plans for reorganization, for an asbestos trust.  2017 Acts, ch 11, §2  Referred to in §686B.2, 686C.2
IA Code § 686A.3 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686A - ASBESTOS BANKRUPTCY TRUST CLAIMS|Section 686A.3 - Required disclosures by plaintiff.

686A.3 Required disclosures by plaintiff.   1. Within ninety days after an asbestos action is filed, or within ninety days after July 1, 2017, whichever is later, the plaintiff shall do all of the following:   a. Provide the court and parties with a sworn statement signed by the plaintiff and the plaintiff’s counsel, under penalty of perjury, indicating that an investigation of all asbestos trust claims has been conducted and that all asbestos trust claims that may be made by the plaintiff or any person on the plaintiff’s behalf have been filed. The sworn statement must indicate whether there has been a request to defer, delay, suspend, or toll any asbestos trust claim, and provide the disposition of each asbestos trust claim.   b. Provide all parties with all trust claims materials, including trust claims materials that relate to conditions other than those that are the basis for the asbestos action and including all trust claims materials from all attorneys connected to the plaintiff in relation to exposure to asbestos, including any attorney involved in the asbestos action, any referring attorney, and any other attorney who has filed an asbestos trust claim for the plaintiff or on the plaintiff’s behalf.   c. If the plaintiff’s asbestos trust claim is based on exposure to asbestos through another individual, the plaintiff shall produce all trust claims materials submitted by the other individual to any asbestos trusts if the materials are available to the plaintiff or the plaintiff’s counsel.   2. The plaintiff shall supplement the information and materials required under subsection 1 within thirty days after the plaintiff or a person on the plaintiff’s behalf supplements an existing asbestos trust claim, receives additional information or materials related to an asbestos trust claim, or files an additional asbestos trust claim.   3. The court may dismiss the asbestos action if the plaintiff fails to comply with this section.   4. An asbestos action shall not be set for trial until at least one hundred eighty days after the requirements of subsection 1 are met.  2017 Acts, ch 11, §3
IA Code § 686A.4 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686A - ASBESTOS BANKRUPTCY TRUST CLAIMS|Section 686A.4 - Identification of additional or alternative asbestos trusts by defendant.

686A.4 Identification of additional or alternative asbestos trusts by defendant.   1. A defendant may file a motion requesting a stay of the proceedings on or before the later of the sixtieth day before the date trial in the action is set to commence or the fifteenth day after the defendant first obtains information that could support additional trust claims by the plaintiff. The motion shall identify the asbestos trust claims the defendant believes the plaintiff can file and include information supporting the asbestos trust claims.   2. Within ten days of receiving the defendant’s motion, the plaintiff shall do one of the following:   a. File the asbestos trust claims.   b. File a written response with the court stating the reason there is insufficient evidence for the plaintiff to file the asbestos trust claims.   c. File a written response with the court requesting a determination that the cost to file the asbestos trust claims exceeds the plaintiff’s reasonably anticipated recovery.   3. a. If the court determines that there is a sufficient basis for the plaintiff to file an asbestos trust claim identified in the motion to stay, the court shall stay the asbestos action until the plaintiff files the asbestos trust claim and produces all related trust claims materials.   b. If the court determines that the cost of submitting an asbestos trust claim exceeds the plaintiff’s reasonably anticipated recovery, the court shall stay the asbestos action until the plaintiff files with the court and provides all parties with a verified statement of the plaintiff’s history of exposure, usage, or other connection to asbestos covered by that asbestos trust.   4. An asbestos action shall not be set for trial until at least sixty days after the plaintiff provides the documentation required by this section.  2017 Acts, ch 11, §4
IA Code § 686A.5 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686A - ASBESTOS BANKRUPTCY TRUST CLAIMS|Section 686A.5 - Discovery — use of materials.

686A.5 Discovery — use of materials.   1. Trust claims materials and trust governance documents are presumed to be relevant and authentic, and are admissible in evidence in an asbestos action. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, a claim of privilege does not apply to any trust claims materials or trust governance documents.   2. A defendant in an asbestos action may seek discovery from an asbestos trust. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, the plaintiff may not claim privilege or confidentiality to bar discovery and shall provide consent or other expression of permission that may be required by the asbestos trust to release information and materials sought by a defendant.   3. Trust claim materials that are sufficient to entitle a claim to consideration for payment under the applicable trust governance documents may be sufficient to support a jury finding that the plaintiff may have been exposed to products for which the trust was established to provide compensation and that, under applicable law, such exposure may be a substantial contributing factor in causing the plaintiff’s injury that is at issue in the asbestos action.  2017 Acts, ch 11, §5
IA Code § 686A.6 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 686A - ASBESTOS BANKRUPTCY TRUST CLAIMS|Section 686A.6 - Trust record — valuation of asbestos trust claims — judicial notice.

686A.6 Trust record — valuation of asbestos trust claims — judicial notice.   1. Not less than thirty days before trial in an asbestos action, the court shall enter into the record a document that identifies every asbestos trust claim made by the plaintiff or on the plaintiff’s behalf.   2. If a plaintiff proceeds to trial in an asbestos action before an asbestos trust claim is resolved, there is a rebuttable presumption that the plaintiff is entitled to, and will receive, the compensation specified in the trust governance document applicable to the plaintiff’s claim at the time of trial. The court shall take judicial notice that the trust governance document specifies compensation amounts and payment percentages and shall establish an attributed value to the plaintiff’s asbestos trust claims.  2017 Acts, ch 11, §6  Referred to in §686A.7