reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
IA Code § 29B.30 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.30 - Absent and additional members.

29B.30 Absent and additional members.   1. A member of a general or special court-martial shall not be absent or excused after the court has been assembled for the trial of the accused except for physical disability or as the result of a challenge or by order of the convening authority for good cause.   2. If a general court-martial, except a general court-martial composed of a military judge only, is reduced below five members, the trial shall not proceed until the convening authority details new members sufficient in number to provide not less than five members. The trial may proceed with the new members present after the recorded evidence previously introduced before the members of the court has been read to the new members of the court in the presence of the military judge, the accused, and counsel for both sides.   3. If a special court-martial, except a special court-martial composed of a military judge only, is reduced below three members, the trial shall not proceed until the convening authority details new members sufficient in number to provide not less than three members. The trial shall proceed with the new members present as if no evidence had previously been introduced at the trial, unless a verbatim record of the evidence previously introduced before the members of the court is read to the new members of the court in the presence of the military judge, if any, the accused, and counsel for both sides.   4. If the military judge of a court-martial composed of a military judge only is unable to proceed with the trial because of physical disability, as a result of a challenge, or for other good cause, the trial shall proceed after the detail of a new military judge as if no evidence had previously been introduced unless a verbatim record of the evidence previously introduced or a stipulation thereof is read in court in the presence of the new military judge, the accused, and counsel for both sides.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.30; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §16]
IA Code § 29B.31 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.31 - Charges and specifications.

29B.31 Charges and specifications.   1. Charges and specifications shall be signed by a person subject to this code under oath before a person authorized by this code to administer oaths and shall state:   a. That the signer has personal knowledge of, or has investigated, the matters set forth therein; and   b. That they are true in fact to the best of the signer’s knowledge and belief.   2. Upon the preferring of charges, the proper authority shall take immediate steps to determine what disposition should be made thereof in the interest of justice and discipline, and the person accused shall be informed of the charges against the person as soon as practicable.  [C54, 58, 62, §29.64; C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.31]  2008 Acts, ch 1032, §201  Referred to in §29B.50
IA Code § 29B.32 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.32 - Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited.

29B.32 Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited.   1. No person subject to this code may compel any person to make a self-incriminating statement or to answer any question the answer to which may tend to incriminate the person.   2. No person subject to this code may interrogate, or request any statement from, an accused or a person suspected of an offense without first informing the accused or suspect of the nature of the accusation and advising the accused or suspect that the accused or suspect does not have to make any statement regarding the offense of which the person is accused or suspected and that any statement made by the accused or suspect may be used as evidence against the accused or suspect in a trial by court-martial.   3. No person subject to this code may compel any person to make a statement or produce evidence before any military tribunal if the statement or evidence is not material to the issue and may tend to degrade the person.   4. No statement obtained from any person in violation of this section, or through the use of coercion, unlawful influence, or unlawful inducement may be received in evidence against the person in a trial by court-martial.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.32]  2017 Acts, ch 54, §76
IA Code § 29B.33 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.33 - Investigation.

29B.33 Investigation.   1. A charge or specification shall not be referred to a general court-martial for trial until a thorough and impartial investigation of all the matters set forth in the charge or specification is made. This investigation shall include inquiry as to the truth of the matter set forth in the charges, consideration of the form of charges, and a recommendation as to the disposition which should be made of the case in the interest of justice and discipline.   2. The accused shall be advised of the charges and of the right to be represented at the investigation by counsel. Upon the accused’s own request the accused shall be represented by civilian counsel at the expense of the accused, or military counsel of the accused’s own selection if such counsel is reasonably available, or by counsel detailed by the convening authority. At that investigation full opportunity shall be given to the accused to cross-examine prosecution witnesses if they are available and to present anything the accused may desire in the accused’s own behalf, either in defense or mitigation, and the investigating officer shall examine witnesses requested by the accused. If the charges are forwarded after the investigation, they shall be accompanied by a statement of the substance of the testimony taken on both sides and a copy thereof shall be given to the accused.   3. If an investigation of the subject matter of an offense has been conducted before the accused is charged with the offense, and if the accused was present at the investigation and afforded the opportunities for representation, cross-examination, and presentation prescribed above, no further investigation of that charge is necessary under this section unless it is demanded by the accused after the accused is informed of the charge. A demand for further investigation entitles the accused to recall witnesses for further cross-examination and to offer any new evidence in the accused’s own behalf.   4. The requirements of this section are binding on all persons administering this code but failure to follow them does not divest a military court of jurisdiction.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.33; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §17]  2017 Acts, ch 54, §76  Referred to in §29B.2
IA Code § 29B.34 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.34 - Forwarding of charges.

29B.34 Forwarding of charges.   When a person is held for trial by general court-martial the commanding officer shall, within eight days after the accused is ordered into arrest or confinement, if practicable, forward the charges directly to the person exercising general court-martial jurisdiction, together with the investigation and allied papers. If that is not practicable, the commanding officer shall report in writing to the adjutant general the reasons for delay.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.34; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §18]
IA Code § 29B.35 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.35 - Advice of staff judge advocate and reference for trial.

29B.35 Advice of staff judge advocate and reference for trial.   1. Before directing the trial of any charge by general court-martial, the convening authority shall refer the charge to the appropriate staff judge advocate of the state force concerned for consideration and advice. The convening authority may not refer a charge to a general court-martial for trial unless the authority has found that the charge alleges an offense under this code and is warranted by evidence indicated in the report of the investigation.   2. If the charges or specifications are not formally correct or do not conform to the substance of the evidence contained in the report of the investigating officer, formal corrections and such changes in the charges and specifications as are needed to make them conform to the evidence may be made.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.35]  2002 Acts, ch 1117, §46, 52; 2019 Acts, ch 24, §104; 2020 Acts, ch 1062, §15  Subsection 2 amended
IA Code § 29B.36 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.36 - Service of charges.

29B.36 Service of charges.   The trial counsel to whom court-martial charges are referred for trial shall cause to be served upon the accused a copy of the charges upon which trial is to be had. The accused shall not be brought to trial before a general court-martial or be required to participate in a session before a military judge under section 29B.40 within a period of five days after the service of the charges upon the accused, or before a special court-martial within a period of three days after the service of the charges upon the accused, unless the accused consents otherwise.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.36; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §19]
IA Code § 29B.37 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.37 - Adjutant general may prescribe rules.

29B.37 Adjutant general may prescribe rules.   The procedures, including modes of proof, in cases before military courts and other military tribunals shall be prescribed by the adjutant general by rule, but shall not be contrary to or inconsistent with this code. All courts and other proceedings shall be conducted under the procedural rules established under 10 U.S.C. ch. 47 unless otherwise provided in this code.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.37; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §20]  2010 Acts, ch 1087, §2
IA Code § 29B.38 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.38 - Unlawfully influencing action of court.

29B.38 Unlawfully influencing action of court.   1. The authority convening a general, special, or summary court-martial or any other commanding officer, or officer serving on the staff of the authority, shall not censure, reprimand, or admonish the court or any member, military judge, or counsel of the court, with respect to the findings or sentence adjudged by the court, or with respect to any other exercise of its or the court or military judge or counsel’s functions in the conduct of the proceeding. A person subject to this code shall not attempt to coerce or, by any unauthorized means, influence the action of the court-martial or any other military tribunal or any member thereof, in reaching the findings or sentence in any case, or the action of any convening, approving, or reviewing authority with respect to the authority’s judicial acts. Any violation of this section shall be punished as a court-martial may direct.   2. In the preparation of an effectiveness, fitness, or efficiency report or any other report or document used to determine whether a member of the state military force is qualified to be advanced in grade, reassigned, transferred, or retained on active duty, a person shall not do either of the following:   a. Consider or evaluate the performance of duty of the member as a member of a court-martial or military judge.   b. Give a less favorable rating or evaluation of a member of the state military forces because of the zeal with which the member, as counsel, represented an accused before a court-martial.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.38; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §21]
IA Code § 29B.39 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.39 - Duties of trial counsel and defense counsel.

29B.39 Duties of trial counsel and defense counsel.   1. The trial counsel of a general or special court-martial shall prosecute in the name of the state, and shall, under the direction of the court, prepare the record of the proceedings.   2. The accused has the right to be represented in the accused’s defense before a general or special court-martial by civilian counsel if provided at the expense of the accused, or by military counsel selected by the accused if reasonably available, or by the defense counsel detailed under section 29B.28. If the accused selects defense counsel, the defense counsel, and assistant defense counsel, if any, who were detailed, shall, if the accused so desires, act as associate counsel for the accused; otherwise they shall be excused by the military judge or by the president of the court-martial if there is no military judge.   3. In every court-martial proceeding, the defense counsel may, in the event of conviction, forward for attachment to the record of proceedings a brief of such matters the defense counsel feels should be considered in behalf of the accused on review, including any objection to the contents of the record which the defense counsel considers appropriate.   4. An assistant trial counsel of a general court-martial may, under the direction of the trial counsel or when the assistant is qualified to be a trial counsel as required by section 29B.28, perform any duty imposed by law, regulation, or the custom of the service upon the trial counsel of the court. An assistant trial counsel of a special court-martial may perform any duty of the trial counsel.   5. An assistant defense counsel of a general or special court-martial may, under the direction of the defense counsel or when the assistant is qualified to be the defense counsel as required by section 29B.28, perform any duty imposed by law, regulation, or the custom of the service upon counsel for the accused.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.39; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §22]  2017 Acts, ch 54, §76
IA Code § 29B.40 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.40 - Sessions.

29B.40 Sessions.   1. At any time after the service of charges referred for trial to a court-martial composed of a military judge and members, the military judge may, subject to this chapter, call the court into session without the presence of the members for the purpose of any of the following:   a. Hearing and determining motions raising defenses or objections which are capable of determination without trial of the issues raised by a plea of not guilty.   b. Hearing and ruling upon any matter which may be ruled upon by the military judge under this code, whether or not the matter is appropriate for later consideration or decision by the members of the court.   c. If permitted by rules of the adjutant general holding the arraignment and receiving the pleas of the accused.   d. Performing any other procedural function which may be performed by the military judge under this code or under rules adopted pursuant to this code and which does not require the presence of the members of the court.   2. a. These proceedings shall be conducted in the presence of the accused, the defense counsel, and the trial counsel and shall be made a part of the record.   b. When the members of a court-martial deliberate or vote, only the members may be present. All other proceedings, including any other consultation of the members of the court with counsel or the military judge, shall be made a part of the record and shall be in the presence of the accused, the defense counsel, the trial counsel, and in cases in which a military judge has been detailed to the court, the military judge.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.40; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §23]  2008 Acts, ch 1032, §201  Referred to in §29B.36
IA Code § 29B.41 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.41 - Continuances.

29B.41 Continuances.   A military judge or court-martial without a military judge may, for reasonable cause, grant a continuance to any party for such time, and as often, as may appear to be just.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.41; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §24]
IA Code § 29B.42 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.42 - Challenges.

29B.42 Challenges.   1. The military judge and members of a general or special court-martial may be challenged by the accused or the trial counsel for cause stated to the court. The military judge or the court in the absence of a military judge shall determine the relevancy and validity of challenges for cause, and shall not receive a challenge to more than one person at a time. Challenges by the trial counsel shall ordinarily be presented and decided before those by the accused are offered.   2. Each accused and the trial counsel is entitled to one peremptory challenge, but the military judge shall not be challenged except for cause.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.42; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §25]  2019 Acts, ch 24, §104
IA Code § 29B.43 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.43 - Oaths.

29B.43 Oaths.   Before performing their official duties, military judges, members of a general and special courts-martial, trial counsel, assistant trial counsel, defense counsel, assistant defense counsel, reporters and interpreters shall take an oath to perform their duties faithfully. The adjutant general shall adopt rules prescribing the form of the oath, the time and place of the taking of the oath, the manner of recording, and whether the oath must be taken for all cases in which official duties must be performed or for a particular case. The rules may provide that an oath to perform duties faithfully as a military judge, trial counsel, assistant trial counsel, defense counsel, or assistant defense counsel may be taken at any time by any judge advocate or legal officer, or other person certified to be qualified or competent for the duty, and that once taken the oath need not be taken again each time the person is detailed to that duty.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.43; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §26]
IA Code § 29B.44 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.44 - Statute of limitations.

29B.44 Statute of limitations.   1. A person charged with desertion or absence without leave in time of war, or with aiding the enemy or with mutiny, may be tried and punished at any time without limitation.   2. Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person charged with desertion in time of peace or with any other offense under this code is not liable to be tried by court-martial if the offense was committed more than five years before the receipt of sworn charges and specifications by an officer exercising summary court-martial jurisdiction over the command.   3. Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person charged with any offense under this code is not liable to be punished under section 29B.14 if the offense was committed more than two years before the imposition of punishment under section 29B.14.   4. Periods in which the accused was absent from territory in which the state has the authority to apprehend the accused, or in the custody of civil authorities, or in the hands of the enemy, shall be excluded in computing the period of limitation prescribed in this section.   5. If charges or specifications are dismissed as defective or insufficient for any cause and the period prescribed by the applicable statute of limitations has expired or will expire within one hundred eighty days after the date the charges or specifications are dismissed, trial by court-martial or punishment under section 29B.14 is not barred by the statute of limitations if the following conditions are met:   a. The charges and specifications are received by an officer exercising summary court-martial jurisdiction or having the authority to conduct punishment under section 29B.14 within one hundred eighty days after the charges or specifications are dismissed.   b. The charges and specifications allege some or all of the same acts or omissions that were alleged in the dismissed charges or specifications.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.44]  2017 Acts, ch 54, §76; 2017 Acts, ch 63, §4  Referred to in §29B.2
IA Code § 29B.45 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.45 - Former jeopardy.

29B.45 Former jeopardy.   1. No person may, without the person’s consent, be tried a second time in any military court of the state for the same offense.   2. No proceeding in which an accused has been found guilty by a court-martial upon any charge or specification is a trial in the sense of this section until the finding of guilty has become final after review of the case has been fully completed.   3. A proceeding which, after the introduction of evidence but before a finding, is dismissed or terminated by the convening authority or on motion of the prosecution for failure of available evidence or witnesses without any fault of the accused is a trial in the sense of this section.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.45]  2017 Acts, ch 54, §76
IA Code § 29B.46 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.46 - Pleas of the accused.

29B.46 Pleas of the accused.   1. If the accused after arraignment makes an irregular pleading, or after a plea of guilty sets up defenses inconsistent with the plea, or if it appears that the accused has entered the plea of guilty improvidently or through lack of understanding of its meaning and effect, or if the accused fails or refuses to plead, a plea of not guilty shall be entered in the record, and the court shall proceed as though the accused had pleaded not guilty.   2. With respect to any charge or specification to which a plea of guilty has been made by the accused and accepted by the military judge, or by a court-martial without a military judge, a finding of guilty of the charge or specification may, if permitted by rules of the adjutant general be entered immediately without vote. This finding shall constitute the finding of the court unless the plea of guilty is withdrawn prior to the announcement of the sentence, in which case the proceedings shall continue as though the accused had pleaded not guilty.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.46; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §27]
IA Code § 29B.47 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT|Chapter 29B - MILITARY JUSTICE|Section 29B.47 - Opportunity to obtain witnesses and other evidence.

29B.47 Opportunity to obtain witnesses and other evidence.   1. The trial counsel, the defense counsel, and the court-martial shall have equal opportunity to obtain witnesses and other evidence in accordance with such regulations as the adjutant general may prescribe.   2. The military judge or the president of a court-martial without a military judge may:   a. Issue a warrant for the arrest of any accused person who having been served with a warrant and a copy of the charges, disobeys a written order by the convening authority to appear before the court;   b. Issue subpoenas duces tecum and other subpoenas;   c. Enforce by attachment the attendance of witnesses and the production of books and papers; and   d. Sentence for refusal to be sworn or to answer, as provided in actions before civil courts of the state.   3. Process issued in court-martial cases to compel witnesses to appear and testify and to compel the production of other evidence shall run to any part of the United States and shall be executed by civil officers as prescribed by laws of the United States or the place where the witness or evidence is located.  [C35, §467-f37; C39, §467.39; C46, 50, §29.39; C54, 58, 62, §29.76; C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §29B.47; 82 Acts, ch 1042, §28]  2008 Acts, ch 1032, §201; 2010 Acts, ch 1087, §3