CT Gen Stat § 16-234 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-234 - Conducting vegetation management; notice to abutting and private property owners. Changing location of, erecting or placing wires, conductors, fixtures, structures or apparatus over, on or under any highway or public ground; rights of adjoining proprietors. Objections or requests for modifications. Removal or disposition of debris in utility protection zones. Provision of vegetation management plan to town or borough. Public availability.

 (a) As used in this section:(1) “Utility” means a telephone, telecommunications or electric distribution company, each as defined in section 16-1;(2) “Utility protection zone” means any rectangular area extending horizontally for a distance of eight feet from any outermost electrical conductor or wire installed from pole to pole and vertically from the ground to the sky;(3) “Hazardous tree” means any tree or part of a tree that is (A) dead, (B) extensively decayed, or (C) structurally weak, which, if it falls, would endanger utility infrastructure, facilities or equipment;(4) “Vegetation management” means the retention of trees and shrubs that are compatible with the utility infrastructure and the pruning or removal of trees, shrubs or other vegetation that pose a risk to the reliability of the utility infrastructure. Until such time as the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection issues standards for identifying such compatible trees and shrubs, the standards and identification of such compatible trees and shrubs shall be as set forth in the 2012 final report of the State Vegetation Management Task Force;(5) “Pruning” means the selective removal of plant parts to meet specific utility infrastructure reliability goals and objectives, when performed according to current professional tree care standards and in a manner that retains the structural integrity and health of the vegetation;(6) “Abutting property owner” means the owner of the property abutting or adjacent to that portion of a public road, public highway or public grounds where the tree or shrub that the utility proposes to remove or prune is located; and(7) “Private property owner” means the owner of the property where a tree or shrub the utility proposes to remove or prune is located, which may include municipally owned land.(b) A utility may perform vegetation management within the utility protection zone, as necessary, to secure the reliability of utility services.(c) (1) In conducting vegetation management, no utility shall prune or remove any tree or shrub within the utility protection zone, or on or overhanging any public road, public highway or public ground, without delivering notice of the proposed vegetation management to the abutting property owner or private property owner. Such notice shall include the option for the abutting property owner or private property owner to consent, in writing, to such proposed pruning or removal, object to such proposed pruning or removal or modify such proposed pruning or removal. The notice shall include instructions regarding how the recipient may object in accordance with subdivision (3) of this subsection. Such notice shall also include a statement that if a person objects to the proposed pruning or removal, and such tree falls on any utility infrastructure, such person shall not be billed by the utility for any resulting damage. If requested by an owner of private property, the utility, municipality or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, shall provide such owner with information regarding whether a tree or shrub to be pruned or removed is in the public right-of-way or whether such tree or shrub is on such owner's private property.(2) Notice shall be considered delivered when it is (A) mailed to the abutting property owner or private property owner via first class mail, electronic mail or text message, (B) delivered, in writing, at the location of the abutting property or private property owner, or (C) simultaneously conveyed verbally and provided in writing to the abutting property owner or private property owner. A utility shall deliver such notice to the abutting property owner or private property owner at least fifteen business days before the starting date of any such pruning or removal. For any tree located within a public right-of-way, notice shall not be considered delivered until an application is made and acknowledged in accordance with the provisions of subsection (f) of section 23-65.(3) The notice shall indicate that (A) objection to pruning or removal shall be filed, in writing, with the utility and either the tree warden of the municipality or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, not later than ten business days after delivery of the notice, and (B) the objection may include a request for consultation with the tree warden or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate. For purposes of this section, an abutting property owner may file an objection or request for modification by (i) sending a written objection or request for modification to the utility or tree warden at the address for each specified on the notice, provided if the written objection is mailed, it shall be deemed received on the date it is postmarked, or (ii) sending by electronic mail an objection or request for modification to the dedicated electronic mail address maintained by the utility as specified on the notice.(4) The utility shall not prune or remove any tree or shrub that is outside of the public right-of-way unless it receives written affirmative consent from the private property owner to whom notice is required in accordance with subdivision (2) of this subsection.(5) If no objection is filed by the abutting property owner in accordance with subdivision (3) of this subsection, the utility may prune or remove the trees or shrubs for which notice of pruning or removal has been delivered, provided the utility has also received a permit as required by subsection (f) of section 23-65. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to limit the power and authority of a tree warden as set forth in subsection (f) of section 23-65.(6) If the abutting property owner files an objection or request for modification pursuant to subdivision (3) of this subsection, or if the utility does not accept the modification to the original notice, as described in subdivision (1) of this subsection, the tree warden of the municipality or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, shall issue a written decision as to the disposition of the tree or shrub not later than ten business days after the filing date of such objection. This decision shall not be issued before a consultation with the abutting property owner if such a consultation has been requested. The abutting property owner or the utility may appeal the tree warden's decision to the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority within ten business days after the tree warden's decision.(A) Prior to the final decision in the docket described in subsection (c) of section 16-32h, the authority shall hold a hearing within sixty calendar days of receipt of the abutting property owner's or utility's written appeal of the tree warden's decision and shall provide notice of such hearing to the abutting property owner, the tree warden or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, and the utility. The authority may authorize the pruning or removal of any tree or shrub whose pruning or removal has been at issue in the hearing if it finds that public convenience and necessity requires such action. The burden of proving that public convenience and necessity requires such action shall be on the utility.(B) On and after the effective date of the final decision issued in the docket described in subsection (c) of section 16-32h, the entity designated by the authority, as determined by such docket, shall hold a mediation session not later than thirty calendar days after receipt of the abutting property owner's or utility's appeal of the tree warden's or the Commissioner of Transportation's decision and shall provide notice of such mediation session to the abutting property owner, the tree warden or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, and the utility, provided the abutting property owner may opt not to utilize such mediation session and proceed to the hearing described in this subparagraph. In the event that the appeal is not settled by mediation, or the abutting owner elects not to use such mediation session, the authority shall hold a hearing not later than thirty calendar days after the conclusion of the mediation session, or within sixty calendar days of the receipt of the abutting property owner's written appeal if there is no mediation session, and shall provide notice of such hearing to the abutting property owner, the tree warden, or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, and the utility. The authority may authorize the pruning, removal or stump grinding of any tree or shrub whose pruning or removal has been at issue in the hearing if it finds that public convenience and necessity requires such action. The burden of proving that public convenience and necessity requires such action shall be on the utility.(7) When an objection or request for modification has been filed pursuant to subdivision (3) of this subsection, no tree or shrub subject to the objection or request for modification shall be pruned or removed until a final decision has been reached pursuant to subdivision (6) of this subsection.(d) Subsection (c) of this section shall not apply if the tree warden of the municipality or the Commissioner of Transportation, as appropriate, authorizes, in writing, pruning or removal by the utility of a hazardous tree within the utility protection zone or on or overhanging any public highway or public ground. If the hazardous tree is outside of the public right-of-way, the utility shall make a reasonable effort to notify the property owner of the proposed pruning or removal at least three days prior to performing such pruning or removal. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require a utility to prune or remove a tree.(e) No utility shall be required to obtain a permit pursuant to subsection (f) of section 23-65 or provide notice under subsection (c) of this section to prune or remove a tree, as necessary, if any part of a tree is in direct contact with an energized electrical conductor or has visible signs of burning. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require a utility to prune or remove a tree.(f) No utility shall exercise any powers which may have been conferred upon it to change the location of, or to erect or place, wires, conductors, fixtures, structures or apparatus of any kind over, on or under any public road, public highway or public ground, without the consent of the adjoining proprietors or, if such company is unable to obtain such consent, without the approval of the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority, which shall be given only after a hearing upon notice to such proprietors. The authority may, if it finds that public convenience and necessity require, authorize the changing of the location of, or the erection or placing of, such wires, conductors, fixtures, structures or apparatus over, on or under such public road or highway or public ground.(g) Each utility shall operate an electronic mail account to receive objections, requests for modification, inquiries or complaints pursuant to subsections (a) to (f), inclusive, of this section.(h) When conducting vegetation management within a utility protection zone pursuant to this section, the utility shall provide for the removal or disposition of any debris generated as a result of such pruning or removal. The provisions of this subsection shall apply only to vegetation management requested by the utility and approved pursuant to this section and, if applicable, section 23-65.(i) Not later than January 31, 2017, and each year thereafter, each utility intending to conduct vegetation management in a town or borough in this state shall provide the following to the tree warden of such town or borough, or to the chief elected official of each such town or borough: (1) A plan detailing the proposed roads or areas in said town or borough where such vegetation management will take place in the forthcoming calendar year, and (2) the estimated time schedule for such proposed vegetation management. Each town or borough provided with a utility vegetation management plan in accordance with this subsection shall make such plan publicly available, by electronic means or otherwise, not later than fourteen days after receipt, and keep such plan publicly available for the remainder of the forthcoming calendar year.(j) Except as provided in subsection (e) of this section, (1) nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize any utility to conduct vegetation management in any utility protection zone, or portion thereof, that is located on any parcel of municipal property without complying with the provisions of section 23-65, and (2) any vegetation management conducted in such a zone in violation of the requirements of section 23-65 shall be considered a violation of this title for purposes of section 16-41.(1949 Rev., S. 5645; P.A. 75-486, S. 1, 69; P.A. 77-614, S. 162, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 102, 348; P.A. 11-80, S. 1; P.A. 13-298, S. 60; P.A. 14-134, S. 73; 14-151, S. 3; P.A. 16-86, S. 2; P.A. 17-117, S. 2.)History: P.A. 75-486 replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority; P.A. 77-614 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 made division an independent department and deleted reference to abolished department of business regulation; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Department of Public Utility Control” and “department” were changed editorially by the Revisors to “Public Utilities Regulatory Authority” and “authority”, respectively, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 13-298 replaced former provisions with Subsec. (a) re definitions of “utility”, “utility protection zone”, “hazardous tree”, “vegetation management” and “pruning”, Subsec. (b) re authorization for utility to perform vegetation management within utility protection zone, Subsec. (c) re delivery of notice to abutting property owner and objection process, Subsec. (d) re pruning or removal of hazardous tree within utility protection zone, Subsec. (e) re pruning or removal of tree if any part of tree is in direct contact with energized electrical conductor or has visible signs of burning, and Subsec. (f) re consent of adjoining proprietors or approval of authority for utility to change location of, or to erect or place, wires, conductors, fixtures, structures or apparatus over, on or under any highway or public ground, effective July 1, 2013; P.A. 14-134 amended Subsec. (a)(1) by deleting reference to electric company, effective June 6, 2014; P.A. 14-151 amended Subsec. (a) by redefining “vegetation management” in Subdiv. (4), redefining “pruning” in Subdiv. (5), adding Subdiv. (6) defining “abutting property owner” and adding Subdiv. (7) defining “private property owner”, substantially amended Subsec. (c) to include provisions re notice to and consent from private property owner, notice requirements, objection or request for modification by abutting property owner, permit to prune or remove, burden of proof, mediation session and hearing, amended Subsec. (d) by adding provision re notice to property owner of proposed pruning or removal of a hazardous tree that is outside of the public right-of-way, added Subsec. (g) re electronic mail account, and made technical and conforming changes, effective June 6, 2014; P.A. 16-86 added Subsec. (h) re utility to provide for removal or disposition of debris generated from vegetation management in utility protection zones and added Subsec. (i) re provision of vegetation management plan to tree warden or chief elected official of town or borough where vegetation management will occur and re town or borough to make such plan publicly available; P.A. 17-117 amended Subsec. (c)(2) to add provision re notice for tree located within public right-of-way, and added Subsec. (j) re conducting vegetation management in utility protection zone, effective July 6, 2017.See Sec. 16-236 re appraisal of damages and assessment of costs.See Sec. 23-65 re defacement, pruning or removal of trees.In use of public streets for transmission of electric currents, high degree of care is required. 67 C. 445; 70 C. 65; 75 C. 548; 80 C. 470. See 91 C. 563. Right of telephone company in street; effect of consent by abutting owners; mere maintenance of line illegally would not justify injunctive relief. 90 C. 182; 92 C. 635. Cited. 161 C. 430; 162 C. 93. A railroad's right-of-way is not a “highway” as contemplated by section; “adjoining proprietors” as used in section means owners of property contiguous to the highway or public ground over, on or under which the transmission line or other facility in question is erected or placed. 168 C. 478.