705 ILCS 405/1-7
2021 Illinois Compiled Statutes|Chapter 705 - COURTS|705 ILCS 405/ - Juvenile Court Act of 1987.|Article I - General Provisions

 (from Ch. 37, par. 801-7)(Text of Section from P.A. 101-652)Sec. 1-7. Confidentiality of juvenile law enforcement and municipal ordinance violation records.(A) All juvenile law enforcement records which have not been expunged are confidential and may never be disclosed to the general public or otherwise made widely available. Juvenile law enforcement records may be obtained only under this Section and Section 1-8 and Part 9 of Article V of this Act, when their use is needed for good cause and with an order from the juvenile court, as required by those not authorized to retain them. Inspection, copying, and disclosure of juvenile law enforcement records maintained by law  enforcement agencies or records of municipal ordinance violations maintained by any State, local, or municipal agency that relate to a minor who has been investigated, arrested, or taken  into custody before his or her 18th birthday shall be restricted to the  following:(0.05)  The minor who is the subject of the juvenile     law enforcement record, his or her parents, guardian, and counsel.(0.10) Judges of the circuit court and members of the     staff of the court designated by the judge.(0.15) An administrative adjudication hearing officer     or members of the staff designated to assist in the administrative adjudication process.(1) Any local, State, or federal law enforcement     officers or designated law enforcement staff of any jurisdiction or agency when necessary for the discharge of their official duties during the investigation or prosecution of a crime or relating to a minor who has been adjudicated delinquent and there has been a previous finding that the act which constitutes the previous offense was committed in furtherance of criminal activities by a criminal street gang, or, when necessary for the discharge of its official duties in connection with a particular investigation of the conduct of a law enforcement officer, an independent agency or its staff created by ordinance and charged by a unit of local government with the duty of investigating the conduct of law enforcement officers.  For purposes of this Section, "criminal street gang" has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 10 of the Illinois Streetgang Terrorism Omnibus Prevention Act.(2) Prosecutors, public defenders, probation     officers, social workers, or other individuals assigned by the court to conduct a pre-adjudication or pre-disposition investigation, and individuals responsible for supervising or providing temporary or permanent care and custody for minors under the order of the juvenile court, when essential to performing their responsibilities.(3) Federal, State, or local prosecutors, public     defenders, probation officers, and designated staff:(a) in the course of a trial when institution of         criminal proceedings has been permitted or required under Section 5-805;(b) when institution of criminal proceedings has         been permitted or required under Section 5-805 and the minor is the subject of a proceeding to determine the conditions of pretrial release;(c) when criminal proceedings have been permitted         or required under Section 5-805 and the minor is the subject of a pre-trial investigation, pre-sentence investigation, fitness hearing, or proceedings on an application for probation; or(d) in the course of prosecution or         administrative adjudication of  a violation of a traffic, boating, or fish and game law, or a county or municipal ordinance.(4) Adult and Juvenile Prisoner Review Board.(5) Authorized military personnel.(5.5) Employees of the federal government authorized     by law.(6) Persons engaged in bona fide research, with the     permission of the Presiding Judge and the chief executive of the respective law enforcement agency; provided that publication of such research results in no disclosure of a minor's identity and protects the confidentiality of the minor's record.(7) Department of Children and Family Services child     protection investigators acting in their official capacity.(8) The appropriate school official only if the     agency or officer believes that there is an imminent  threat of physical harm to students, school personnel, or others who are present in the school or on school grounds.(A) Inspection and copying shall be limited to         juvenile law enforcement records transmitted to the appropriate school official or officials whom the school has determined to have a legitimate educational or safety interest by a local law enforcement agency under a reciprocal reporting system established and maintained between the school district and the local law enforcement agency under Section 10-20.14 of the School Code concerning a minor enrolled in a school within the school district who has been arrested or taken into custody for any of the following offenses:(i) any violation of Article 24 of the             Criminal Code of  1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012;(ii) a violation of the Illinois Controlled             Substances Act;(iii) a violation of the Cannabis Control Act;(iv) a forcible felony as defined in Section             2-8 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012;(v) a violation of the Methamphetamine             Control and Community Protection Act;(vi) a violation of Section 1-2 of the             Harassing and Obscene Communications Act;(vii) a violation of the Hazing Act; or(viii) a violation of Section 12-1, 12-2,             12-3, 12-3.05, 12-3.1, 12-3.2, 12-3.4, 12-3.5, 12-5, 12-7.3, 12-7.4, 12-7.5, 25-1, or 25-5 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012.The information derived from the juvenile law         enforcement records shall be kept separate from and shall not become a part of the official school record of that child and shall not be a public record.  The information shall be used solely by the appropriate school official or officials whom the school has determined to have a legitimate educational or safety interest to aid in the proper rehabilitation of the child and to protect the safety of students and employees in the school. If the designated law enforcement and school officials deem it to be in the best interest of the minor, the student may be referred to in-school or community-based social services if those services are available.  "Rehabilitation services" may include interventions by school support personnel, evaluation for eligibility for special education, referrals to community-based agencies such as youth services, behavioral healthcare service providers, drug and alcohol prevention or treatment programs, and other interventions as deemed appropriate for the student.(B)  Any information provided to appropriate         school officials whom the school has determined to have a legitimate educational or safety interest by local law enforcement officials about a minor who is the subject of a current police investigation that is directly related to school safety shall consist of oral information only, and not written juvenile law enforcement records, and shall be used solely by the appropriate school official or officials to protect the safety of students and employees in the school and aid in the proper rehabilitation of the child. The information derived orally from the local law enforcement officials shall be kept separate from and shall not become a part of the official school record of the child and shall not be a public record.  This limitation on the use of information about a minor who is the subject of a current police investigation shall in no way limit the use of this information by prosecutors in pursuing criminal charges arising out of the information disclosed during a police investigation of the minor. For purposes of this paragraph, "investigation" means an official systematic inquiry by a law enforcement agency into actual or suspected criminal activity.(9) Mental health professionals on behalf of the     Department of Corrections or the Department of Human Services or prosecutors who are evaluating, prosecuting, or investigating a potential or actual petition brought under the Sexually Violent Persons Commitment Act relating to a person who is the subject of juvenile law enforcement records or the respondent to a petition brought under the Sexually Violent Persons Commitment Act who is the subject of the juvenile law enforcement records sought. Any juvenile law enforcement records and any information obtained from those juvenile law enforcement records under this paragraph (9) may be used only in sexually violent persons commitment proceedings.(10) The president of a park district.  Inspection     and copying shall be limited to juvenile law enforcement records transmitted to the president of the park district by the Department of State Police under Section 8-23 of the Park District Code or Section 16a-5 of the Chicago Park District Act concerning a person who is seeking employment with that park district and who has been adjudicated a juvenile delinquent for any of the offenses listed in subsection (c) of Section 8-23 of the Park District Code or subsection (c) of Section 16a-5 of the Chicago Park District Act.(11) Persons managing and designated to participate     in a court diversion program as designated in subsection (6) of Section 5-105.(12) The Public Access Counselor of the Office of the     Attorney General, when reviewing juvenile law enforcement records under its powers and duties under the Freedom of Information Act.(13) Collection agencies, contracted or otherwise     engaged by a governmental entity, to collect any debts due and owing to the governmental entity.(B)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), no law enforcement  officer or other person or agency may knowingly transmit to the Department of  Corrections, Department of State Police, or to the Federal  Bureau of Investigation any fingerprint or photograph relating to a minor who  has been arrested or taken into custody before his or her 18th birthday,  unless the court in proceedings under this Act authorizes the transmission or  enters an order under Section 5-805 permitting or requiring the  institution of  criminal proceedings.(2) Law enforcement officers or other persons or agencies shall  transmit  to the Department of State Police copies of fingerprints and descriptions  of all minors who have been arrested or taken into custody before their  18th birthday for the offense of unlawful use of weapons under Article 24 of  the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, a Class X or Class 1 felony, a forcible felony as  defined in Section 2-8 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, or a Class 2 or greater  felony under the Cannabis Control Act, the Illinois Controlled Substances Act, the Methamphetamine Control and Community Protection Act,  or Chapter 4 of the Illinois Vehicle Code, pursuant to Section 5 of the  Criminal Identification Act.  Information reported to the Department pursuant  to this Section may be maintained with records that the Department files  pursuant to Section 2.1 of the Criminal Identification Act.  Nothing in this  Act prohibits a law enforcement agency from fingerprinting a minor taken into  custody or arrested before his or her 18th birthday for an offense other than  those listed in this paragraph (2).(C) The records of law enforcement officers, or of an independent agency created by ordinance and charged by a unit of local government with the duty of investigating the conduct of law enforcement officers, concerning all minors under  18 years of age must be maintained separate from the records of arrests and  may not be open to public inspection or their contents disclosed to the  public. For purposes of obtaining documents under this Section, a civil subpoena is not an order of the court.(1) In cases where the law enforcement, or     independent agency, records concern a pending juvenile court case, the party seeking to inspect the records shall provide actual notice to the attorney or guardian ad litem of the minor whose records are sought.(2) In cases where the records concern a juvenile     court case that is no longer pending, the party seeking to inspect the records shall provide actual notice to the minor or the minor's parent or legal guardian, and the matter shall be referred to the chief judge presiding over matters pursuant to this Act.(3) In determining whether the records should be     available for inspection, the court shall consider the minor's interest in confidentiality and rehabilitation over the moving party's interest in obtaining the information.  Any records obtained in violation of this subsection (C) shall not be admissible in any criminal or civil proceeding, or operate to disqualify a minor from subsequently holding public office or securing employment, or operate as a forfeiture of any public benefit, right, privilege, or right to receive any license granted by public authority.(D) Nothing contained in subsection (C) of this Section shall prohibit  the inspection or disclosure to victims and witnesses of photographs  contained in the records of law enforcement agencies when the  inspection and disclosure is conducted in the presence of a law enforcement  officer for the purpose of the identification or apprehension of any person  subject to the provisions of this Act or for the investigation or  prosecution of any crime.(E) Law enforcement officers, and personnel of an independent agency created by ordinance and charged by a unit of local government with the duty of investigating the conduct of law enforcement officers, may not disclose the identity of any minor  in releasing information to the general public as to the arrest, investigation  or disposition of any case involving a minor.(F) Nothing contained in this Section shall prohibit law enforcement  agencies from communicating with each other by letter, memorandum, teletype, or  intelligence alert bulletin or other means the identity or other relevant  information pertaining to a person under 18 years of age if there are  reasonable grounds to believe that the person poses a real and present danger  to the safety of the public or law enforcement officers. The information  provided under this subsection (F) shall remain confidential and shall not  be publicly disclosed, except as otherwise allowed by law.(G) Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the right of a Civil Service  Commission or appointing authority of any federal government, state, county or municipality  examining the character and fitness of an applicant for employment with a law  enforcement agency, correctional institution, or fire department  from obtaining and examining the  records of any law enforcement agency relating to any record of the applicant  having been arrested or taken into custody before the applicant's 18th  birthday.(G-5) Information identifying victims and alleged victims of sex offenses shall not be disclosed or open to the public under any circumstances.  Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the victim or alleged victim of any sex offense from voluntarily disclosing his or her own identity.(H) The changes made to this Section by Public Act 98-61 apply to law enforcement records of  a minor who has been arrested or taken into custody on or after January 1, 2014 (the effective date of Public Act 98-61).(H-5) Nothing in this Section shall require any court or adjudicative proceeding for traffic, boating, fish and game law, or municipal and county ordinance violations to be closed to the public.(I) Willful violation of this Section is a Class C misdemeanor and each violation is subject to a fine of $1,000.  This subsection (I) shall not apply to the person who is the subject of the record.(J) A person convicted of violating this Section is liable for damages in the amount of $1,000 or actual damages, whichever is greater. (Source: P.A. 100-285, eff. 1-1-18; 100-720, eff. 8-3-18; 100-863, eff. 8-14-18; 100-1162, eff. 12-20-18; 101-652, eff. 1-1-23.)(Text of Section from P.A. 102-538)Sec. 1-7. Confidentiality of juvenile law enforcement and municipal ordinance violation records.(A) All juvenile law enforcement records which have not been expunged are confidential and may never be disclosed to the general public or otherwise made widely available. Juvenile law enforcement records may be obtained only under this Section and Section 1-8 and Part 9 of Article V of this Act, when their use is needed for good cause and with an order from the juvenile court, as required by those not authorized to retain them. Inspection, copying, and disclosure of juvenile law enforcement records maintained by law  enforcement agencies or records of municipal ordinance violations maintained by any State, local, or municipal agency that relate to a minor who has been investigated, arrested, or taken  into custody before his or her 18th birthday shall be restricted to the  following:(0.05)  The minor who is the subject of the juvenile     law enforcement record, his or her parents, guardian, and counsel.(0.10) Judges of the circuit court and members of the     staff of the court designated by the judge.(0.15) An administrative adjudication hearing officer     or members of the staff designated to assist in the administrative adjudication process.(1) Any local, State, or federal law enforcement     officers or designated law enforcement staff of any jurisdiction or agency when necessary for the discharge of their official duties during the investigation or prosecution of a crime or relating to a minor who has been adjudicated delinquent and there has been a previous finding that the act which constitutes the previous offense was committed in furtherance of criminal activities by a criminal street gang, or, when necessary for the discharge of its official duties in connection with a particular investigation of the conduct of a law enforcement officer, an independent agency or its staff created by ordinance and charged by a unit of local government with the duty of investigating the conduct of law enforcement officers.  For purposes of this Section, "criminal street gang" has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 10 of the Illinois Streetgang Terrorism Omnibus Prevention Act.(2) Prosecutors, public defenders, probation     officers, social workers, or other individuals assigned by the court to conduct a pre-adjudication or pre-disposition investigation, and individuals responsible for supervising or providing temporary or permanent care and custody for minors under the order of the juvenile court, when essential to performing their responsibilities.(3) Federal, State, or local prosecutors, public     defenders, probation officers, and designated staff:(a) in the course of a trial when institution of         criminal proceedings has been permitted or required under Section 5-805;(b) when institution of criminal proceedings has         been permitted or required under Section 5-805 and the minor is the subject of a proceeding to determine the amount of bail;(c) when criminal proceedings have been permitted         or required under Section 5-805 and the minor is the subject of a pre-trial investigation, pre-sentence investigation, fitness hearing, or proceedings on an application for probation; or(d) in the course of prosecution or         administrative adjudication of  a violation of a traffic, boating, or fish and game law, or a county or municipal ordinance.(4) Adult and Juvenile Prisoner Review Board.(5) Authorized military personnel.(5.5) Employees of the federal government authorized     by law.(6) Persons engaged in bona fide research, with the     permission of the Presiding Judge and the chief executive of the respective law enforcement agency; provided that publication of such research results in no disclosure of a minor's identity and protects the confidentiality of the minor's record.(7) Department of Children and Family Services child     protection investigators acting in their official capacity.(8) The appropriate school official only if the     agency or officer believes that there is an imminent  threat of physical harm to students, school personnel, or others who are present in the school or on school grounds.(A) Inspection and copying shall be limited to         juvenile law enforcement records transmitted to the appropriate school official or officials whom the school has determined to have a legitimate educational or safety interest by a local law enforcement agency under a reciprocal reporting system established and maintained between the school district and the local law enforcement agency under Section 10-20.14 of the School Code concerning a minor enrolled in a school within the school district who has been arrested or taken into custody for any of the following offenses:(i) any violation of Article 24 of the             Criminal Code of  1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012;(ii) a violation of the Illinois Controlled             Substances Act;(iii) a violation of the Cannabis Control Act;(iv) a forcible felony as defined in Section             2-8 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012;(v) a violation of the Methamphetamine             Control and Community Protection Act;(vi) a violation of Section 1-2 of the             Harassing and Obscene Communications Act;(vii) a violation of the Hazing Act; or(viii) a violation of Section 12-1, 12-2,             12-3, 12-3.05, 12-3.1, 12-3.2, 12-3.4, 12-3.5, 12-5, 12-7.3, 12-7.4, 12-7.5, 25-1, or 25-5 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012.The information derived from the juvenile law         enforcement records shall be kept separate from and shall not become a part of the official school record of that child and shall not be a public record.  The information shall be used solely by the appropriate school official or officials whom the school has determined to have a legitimate educational or safety interest to aid in the proper rehabilitation of the child and to protect the safety of students and employees in the school. If the designated law enforcement and school officials deem it to be in the best interest of the minor, the student may be referred to in-school or community-based social services if those services are available.  "Rehabilitation services" may include interventions by school support personnel, evaluation for eligibility for special education, referrals to community-based agencies such as youth services, behavioral healthcare service providers, drug and alcohol prevention or treatment programs, and other interventions as deemed appropriate for the student.(B)  Any information provided to appropriate         school officials whom the school has determined to have a legitimate educational or safety interest by local law enforcement officials about a minor who is the subject of a current police investigation that is directly related to school safety shall consist of oral information only, and not written juvenile law enforcement records, and shall be used solely by the appropriate school official or officials to protect the safety of students and employees in the school and aid in the proper rehabilitation of the child. The information derived orally from the local law enforcement officials shall be kept separate from and shall not become a part of the official school record of the child and shall not be a public record.  This limitation on the use of information about a minor who is the subject of a current police investigation shall in no way limit the use of this information by prosecutors in pursuing criminal charges arising out of the information disclosed during a police investigation of the minor. For purposes of this paragraph, "investigation" means an official systematic inquiry by a law enforcement agency into actual or suspected criminal activity.(9) Mental health professionals on behalf of the     Department of Corrections or the Department of Human Services or prosecutors who are evaluating, prosecuting, or investigating a potential or actual petition brought under the Sexually Violent Persons Commitment Act relating to a person who is the subject of juvenile law enforcement records or the respondent to a petition brought under the Sexually Violent Persons Commitment Act who is the subject of the juvenile law enforcement records sought. Any juvenile law enforcement records and any information obtained from those juvenile law enforcement records under this paragraph (9) may be used only in sexually violent persons commitment proceedings.(10) The president of a park district.  Inspection     and copying shall be limited to juvenile law enforcement records transmitted to the president of the park district by the Illinois State Police under Section 8-23 of the Park District Code or Section 16a-5 of the Chicago Park District Act concerning a person who is seeking employment with that park district and who has been adjudicated a juvenile delinquent for any of the offenses listed in subsection (c) of Section 8-23 of the Park District Code or subsection (c) of Section 16a-5 of the Chicago Park District Act.(11) Persons managing and designated to participate     in a court diversion program as designated in subsection (6) of Section 5-105.(12) The Public Access Counselor of the Office of the     Attorney General, when reviewing juvenile law enforcement records under its powers and duties under the Freedom of Information Act.(13) Collection agencies, contracted or otherwise     engaged by a governmental entity, to collect any debts due and owing to the governmental entity.(B)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), no law enforcement  officer or other person or agency may knowingly transmit to the Department of  Corrections, the Illinois State Police, or the Federal  Bureau of Investigation any fingerprint or photograph relating to a minor who  has been arrested or taken into custody before his or her 18th birthday,  unless the court in proceedings under this Act authorizes the transmission or  enters an order under Section 5-805 permitting or requiring the  institution of  criminal proceedings.(2) Law enforcement officers or other persons or agencies shall  transmit  to the Illinois State Police copies of fingerprints and descriptions  of all minors who have been arrested or taken into custody before their  18th birthday for the offense of unlawful use of weapons under Article 24 of  the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, a Class X or Class 1 felony, a forcible felony as  defined in Section 2-8 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, or a Class 2 or greater  felony under the Cannabis Control Act, the Illinois Controlled Substances Act, the Methamphetamine Control and Community Protection Act,  or Chapter 4 of the Illinois Vehicle Code, pursuant to Section 5 of the  Criminal Identification Act.  Information reported to the Department pursuant  to this Section may be maintained with records that the Department files  pursuant to Section 2.1 of the Criminal Identification Act.  Nothing in this  Act prohibits a law enforcement agency from fingerprinting a minor taken into  custody or arrested before his or her 18th birthday for an offense other than  those listed in this paragraph (2).(C) The records of law enforcement officers, or of an independent agency created by ordinance and charged by a unit of local government with the duty of investigating the conduct of law enforcement officers, concerning all minors under  18 years of age must be maintained separate from the records of arrests and  may not be open to public inspection or their contents disclosed to the  public. For purposes of obtaining documents under this Section, a civil subpoena is not an order of the court.(1) In cases where the law enforcement, or     independent agency, records concern a pending juvenile court case, the party seeking to inspect the records shall provide actual notice to the attorney or guardian ad litem of the minor whose records are sought.(2) In cases where the records concern a juvenile     court case that is no longer pending, the party seeking to inspect the records shall provide actual notice to the minor or the minor's parent or legal guardian, and the matter shall be referred to the chief judge presiding over matters pursuant to this Act.(3) In determining whether the records should be     available for inspection, the court shall consider the minor's interest in confidentiality and rehabilitation over the moving party's interest in obtaining the information.  Any records obtained in violation of this subsection (C) shall not be admissible in any criminal or civil proceeding, or operate to disqualify a minor from subsequently holding public office or securing employment, or operate as a forfeiture of any public benefit, right, privilege, or right to receive any license granted by public authority.(D) Nothing contained in subsection (C) of this Section shall prohibit  the inspection or disclosure to victims and witnesses of photographs  contained in the records of law enforcement agencies when the  inspection and disclosure is conducted in the presence of a law enforcement  officer for the purpose of the identification or apprehension of any person  subject to the provisions of this Act or for the investigation or  prosecution of any crime.(E) Law enforcement officers, and personnel of an independent agency created by ordinance and charged by a unit of local government with the duty of investigating the conduct of law enforcement officers, may not disclose the identity of any minor  in releasing information to the general public as to the arrest, investigation  or disposition of any case involving a minor.(F) Nothing contained in this Section shall prohibit law enforcement  agencies from communicating with each other by letter, memorandum, teletype, or  intelligence alert bulletin or other means the identity or other relevant  information pertaining to a person under 18 years of age if there are  reasonable grounds to believe that the person poses a real and present danger  to the safety of the public or law enforcement officers. The information  provided under this subsection (F) shall remain confidential and shall not  be publicly disclosed, except as otherwise allowed by law.(G) Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the right of a Civil Service  Commission or appointing authority of any federal government, state, county or municipality  examining the character and fitness of an applicant for employment with a law  enforcement agency, correctional institution, or fire department  from obtaining and examining the  records of any law enforcement agency relating to any record of the applicant  having been arrested or taken into custody before the applicant's 18th  birthday.(G-5) Information identifying victims and alleged victims of sex offenses shall not be disclosed or open to the public under any circumstances.  Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the victim or alleged victim of any sex offense from voluntarily disclosing his or her own identity.(H) The changes made to this Section by Public Act 98-61 apply to law enforcement records of  a minor who has been arrested or taken into custody on or after January 1, 2014 (the effective date of Public Act 98-61).(H-5) Nothing in this Section shall require any court or adjudicative proceeding for traffic, boating, fish and game law, or municipal and county ordinance violations to be closed to the public.(I) Willful violation of this Section is a Class C misdemeanor and each violation is subject to a fine of $1,000.  This subsection (I) shall not apply to the person who is the subject of the record.(J) A person convicted of violating this Section is liable for damages in the amount of $1,000 or actual damages, whichever is greater. (Source: P.A. 102-538, eff. 8-20-21.)