reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  3-428 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 3 - Employment Standards and Conditions|Subtitle 4 - Wages and Hours|Part V - Enforcement|Section 3-428 - Prohibited Acts; Penalties

    (a)    In this section, “complaint” includes a written or oral complaint, claim, or assertion of right by an employee, regarding the payment of wages under this subtitle, that is made to:        (1)    the employer or a supervisor, manager, or foreman employed by the employer whether it is made through the employer’s internal grievance process or otherwise; or        (2)    the Commissioner or an authorized representative of the Commissioner.    (b)    (1)    An employer may not:            (i)    pay or agree to pay less than the wage required under this subtitle;            (ii)    hinder or delay the Commissioner or an authorized representative of the Commissioner in the enforcement of this subtitle;            (iii)    take adverse action against an employee because the employee:                1.    makes a complaint that the employee has not been paid in accordance with this subtitle;                2.    brings an action under this subtitle or a proceeding that relates to the subject of this subtitle; or                3.    has testified in an action under this subtitle or a proceeding related to the subject of this subtitle; or            (iv)    violate any other provision of this subtitle.        (2)    Adverse action prohibited under paragraph (1) of this subsection includes:            (i)    discharge;            (ii)    demotion;            (iii)    threatening the employee with discharge or demotion; and            (iv)    any other retaliatory action that results in a change to the terms or conditions of employment that would dissuade a reasonable employee from making a complaint, bringing an action, or testifying in an action under this subtitle.    (c)    An employee may not:        (1)    make a groundless or malicious complaint to the Commissioner or an authorized representative of the Commissioner;        (2)    in bad faith, bring an action under this subtitle or a proceeding related to the subject of this subtitle; or        (3)    in bad faith, testify in an action under this subtitle or a proceeding related to the subject of this subtitle.    (d)    A person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000.    (e)    An employer may not be convicted under this section unless the evidence demonstrates that the employer had knowledge of the relevant complaint, testimony, or action for which the prosecution for retaliation is sought.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  3-431 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 3 - Employment Standards and Conditions|Subtitle 4 - Wages and Hours|Part VI - Short Title|Section 3-431 - Short Title

    This subtitle may be cited as the Maryland Wage and Hour Law.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-201 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-201 - Definitions

    (a)    In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.    (b)    “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Labor and Industry.    (c)    “Consent election” means an election that is conducted under a consent election agreement and in accordance with Part II of this subtitle to determine a bargaining representative.    (d)    “Mediation Service” means the State Mediation and Conciliation Service.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-202 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-202 - Administration of Subtitle

    (a)    Under the supervision of the Commissioner, the Mediation Service shall carry out this subtitle.    (b)    The Commissioner may assign staff to help the Chief Mediator to carry out this subtitle.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-203 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-203 - Regulations

    To the extent practicable, procedural regulations that the Commissioner adopts to carry out Parts I through III of this subtitle shall conform to the procedural regulations of the National Labor Relations Board for the conduct of consent elections, intervention, and decertification.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-206 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-206 - Definitions

    (a)    In this Part II of this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.    (b)    “Challenged ballot” means the ballot of an individual whose eligibility to vote in a consent election is challenged.    (c)    “Petition” means a petition for permission to enter into an agreement under which the Mediation Service will conduct a consent election.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-207 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-207 - Petition for Consent Election

    (a)    A labor organization or individual that purports to represent a substantial number of employees whom a petition affects and an employer may submit to the Mediation Service a petition for permission to enter into a consent election agreement leading to a determination by the Mediation Service of the facts ascertained after the consent election.    (b)    A petition shall be in the form that the Mediation Service requires.    (c)    (1)    Whenever a petition is submitted in accordance with subsections (a) and (b) of this section, the Mediation Service shall set a period during which a labor organization may submit an objection to the petition.        (2)    The Mediation Service shall set a period that:            (i)    is sufficient to inform interested persons about the nature and purpose of the petition; and            (ii)    does not expire until at least 1 week after the date on which the Mediation Service causes notice of the petition to be posted.    (d)    (1)    The Mediation Service shall cause notice of a petition to be posted, at each place of employment that the petition affects, for the period set under subsection (c) of this section.        (2)    The notice shall state that a labor organization may object to the petition within the period set under subsection (c) of this section.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-208 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-208 - Disposition of Petition

    (a)    Unless the Mediation Service receives a timely objection to a petition, the Mediation Service shall approve the petition to enter into a consent election agreement.    (b)    (1)    The Mediation Service shall investigate each timely objection to a petition from a labor organization that purports to represent a substantial number of employees whom the petition affects.        (2)    If, after the investigation, the Mediation Service determines that the labor organization seems to represent a substantial number of employees whom the petition affects, the Mediation Service shall place the name of the labor organization on the official ballot to be used in the consent election.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-209 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-209 - Agreement for Consent Election

    Each consent election agreement shall describe:         (1)    the appropriate bargaining unit for the consent election;        (2)    the payroll period to be used to determine the employees within the appropriate bargaining unit who are eligible to vote; and        (3)    the date, time, and place of the consent election.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-210 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-210 - Procedure for Consent Election

    (a)    The Mediation Service shall conduct each consent election by secret ballot.    (b)    (1)    If at least two labor organizations are to be on the ballot for a consent election, a labor organization promptly may ask the Mediation Service to allow its name to be removed from the ballot.        (2)    A decision of the Mediation Service under this subsection is final.    (c)    Subject to any limitation that the Mediation Service sets, each party to a consent election may designate one or more observers to represent the party during the consent election.    (d)    (1)    For good cause, a party to a consent election or the Mediation Service may challenge the eligibility of an individual to vote in the consent election.        (2)    The Mediation Service shall impound each challenged ballot.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-211 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-211 - Tally of Ballots

    On conclusion of a consent election, the Mediation Service shall provide each party to the consent election with a tally of ballots.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-212 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-212 - Challenged Ballots

    The Mediation Service:         (1)    shall determine whether the number of challenged ballots is sufficient to affect the result of the consent election; and        (2)    if the number is sufficient, shall investigate the eligibility of each individual whose ballot was challenged.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-213 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-213 - Objection to Consent Election

    (a)    (1)    Within 5 days after the Mediation Service provides the tally of ballots for a consent election, a party to the consent election may object to:            (i)    the conduct of the consent election; or            (ii)    other conduct affecting the result of the consent election.        (2)    A party shall object in a timely manner, even if the number of challenged ballots is not sufficient to affect the result of the consent election.    (b)    An objection under this section shall:        (1)    be in writing; and        (2)    state concisely each reason for the objection.    (c)    Each party who makes an objection shall:        (1)    submit to the Mediation Service:            (i)    4 copies of the objection; and            (ii)    proof of service under item (2) of this subsection; and        (2)    serve immediately a copy of the objection on each other party.    (d)    The Mediation Service shall investigate each objection submitted in accordance with this section.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-214 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-214 - Report on Investigations

    After investigation of a consent election under § 4-212 or § 4-213 of this subtitle, the Mediation Service shall:         (1)    prepare a report, including any recommendation, on the investigation; and        (2)    serve the report on each party to the consent election.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-215 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-215 - Exception to Report

    (a)    Within 10 days after the Mediation Service issues a report on a challenged ballot or objection under § 4-214 of this subtitle, a party to the consent election may make an exception to the report.    (b)    Each party who makes an exception shall:        (1)    submit to the Mediation Service:            (i)    4 copies of the exception; and            (ii)    proof of service under item (2) of this subsection; and        (2)    serve immediately a copy of the exception on each other party.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-216 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-216 - Consideration of Exception

    (a)    Whenever the Mediation Service receives a timely exception to a report on a challenged ballot or an objection, the Mediation Service shall determine whether the exception raises a substantial and material issue with respect to the conduct or result of the consent election.    (b)    (1)    If the Mediation Service determines that an exception raises a substantial and material issue, the Mediation Service may hold a hearing on the exception.        (2)    The Mediation Service shall serve notice of the hearing on each party.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-217 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part II - Consent Elections|Section 4-217 - Certification or Other Disposition

    (a)    (1)    Unless a run-off election is to be held or an investigation is to be made under § 4-212 or § 4-213 of this subtitle, immediately after the period for filing an objection has passed, the Mediation Service shall certify to each party to a consent election the result of the consent election.        (2)    If a labor organization wins a consent election, the certification of the result of the consent election shall include a certification of the organization as bargaining representative.        (3)    The rulings and determinations of the Mediation Service under this subsection are final.    (b)    Unless the Mediation Service certifies the result in accordance with subsection (a) of this section or receives a timely exception under § 4-215 of this subtitle that, the Mediation Service determines, raises a substantial and material issue with respect to the conduct or result of a consent election, the Mediation Service immediately shall:        (1)    decide the matter on the record; or        (2)    dispose otherwise of the case.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-220 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 2 - Choice of Bargaining Representative|Part III - Decertification|Section 4-220 - Decertification

    (a)    An employee, an employer, or a labor organization may submit to the Mediation Service a petition for decertification of an organization that:        (1)    the Mediation Service has certified as a bargaining representative after a consent election; or        (2)    an employer currently recognizes as the bargaining representative without a consent election.    (b)    A petition for decertification of an organization as bargaining representative for a bargaining unit:        (1)    shall be supported by at least 30% of the employees in the bargaining unit; and        (2)    may not be submitted within 1 year after certification of the bargaining representative as a result of a consent election.    (c)    (1)    The Mediation Service shall investigate each petition submitted in accordance with this section to determine whether there is reasonable doubt that the bargaining representative in fact represents a majority of the employees in the bargaining unit.        (2)    If, after the investigation, the Mediation Service determines that there is reasonable doubt, the Mediation Service shall order an election to resolve the issue.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-301 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 3 - Injunctions|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-301 - Definitions

    (a)    In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.    (b)    “Injunctive relief” means:        (1)    a permanent injunction;        (2)    a temporary injunction; or        (3)    a temporary restraining order.    (c)    “Labor dispute” includes any controversy, regardless of whether the disputants stand in the proximate relation of employee or employer, concerning:        (1)    terms or conditions of employment;        (2)    employment relations;        (3)    the association or representation of persons in negotiating, setting, maintaining, or changing terms or conditions of employment; or        (4)    any other controversy arising out of the respective interests of employee or employer.    (d)    “Person participating or interested in a labor dispute” means a person against whom relief is sought if the person:        (1)    is engaged in the industry, craft, trade, or occupation in which the dispute occurs; or        (2)    is an agent, member, or officer of an association of employees or employers engaged in the industry, craft, trade, or occupation in which the dispute occurs.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-302 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 3 - Injunctions|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-302 - Legislative Findings and Policy

    (a)    The General Assembly finds that:        (1)    governmental authority has allowed and encouraged employers to organize in corporate and other forms of capital control; and        (2)    in dealing with these employers, an individual worker who is not represented by an organization is helpless to exercise liberty of contract or to protect personal freedom of labor and, thus, to obtain acceptable terms and conditions of employment.    (b)    The policy of the State is that:        (1)    negotiation of terms and conditions of employment should result from voluntary agreement between employees and employer; and        (2)    therefore, each individual worker must be:            (i)    fully free to associate, organize, and designate a representative, as the worker chooses, for negotiation of terms and conditions of employment; and            (ii)    free from coercion, interference, or restraint by an employer or an agent of an employer in:                1.    designation of a representative;                2.    self-organization; and                3.    other concerted activity for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-303 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 3 - Injunctions|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-303 - Construction of Subtitle

    This subtitle shall be interpreted and applied in accordance with the policy stated in § 4-302 of this subtitle.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-304 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 3 - Injunctions|Part I - Definitions; General Provisions|Section 4-304 - Promises Restricting Association

    (a)    In this section, “promise” means any undertaking, whether express or implied or oral or written.    (b)    A promise made between an employee or prospective employee and an employer, prospective employer, or any other individual, association, company, corporation, or firm is against the policy of the State if the promise requires either party:        (1)    to join or remain a member of an employer or labor organization;        (2)    not to join or not to remain a member of an employer or labor organization; or        (3)    to withdraw from an employment relation if the party joins or remains a member of an employer or labor organization.    (c)    A court may not grant, on the basis of a promise described in this section, any relief against:        (1)    a party to the promise; or        (2)    another person who, without the act or threat of fraud or violence, advises, induces, or urges a party to disregard the promise.
MD. Labor and Employment Code Ann. §  4-307 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Labor and Employment|Title 4 - Bargaining Representatives; Labor Disputes|Subtitle 3 - Injunctions|Part II - Acts Protected From Injunctive Relief|Section 4-307 - Protected Acts

    A court does not have jurisdiction to grant injunctive relief that specifically or generally:        (1)    prohibits a person from ceasing or refusing to perform work or to remain in a relation of employment, regardless of a promise to do the work or to remain in the relation;        (2)    prohibits a person from becoming or remaining a member of an employer organization or labor organization, regardless of a promise described in § 4–304 of this subtitle;        (3)    prohibits a person from paying or giving to, or withholding from, another person any thing of value, including money or strike or unemployment benefits or insurance;        (4)    prohibits a person from helping, by lawful means, another person to bring or defend against an action in a court of any state or the United States;        (5)    prohibits a person from publicizing or obtaining or communicating information about the existence of or a fact involved in a labor dispute by any method that does not involve the act or threat of a breach of the peace, fraud, or violence, including:            (i)    advertising;            (ii)    speaking; and            (iii)    patrolling, with intimidation or coercion, a public street or other place where a person lawfully may be;        (6)    prohibits a person from ceasing:            (i)    to patronize another person; or            (ii)    to employ another person;        (7)    prohibits a person from assembling peaceably to do or to organize an act listed in items (1) through (6) of this section;        (8)    prohibits a person from advising or giving another person notice of an intent to do an act listed in items (1) through (7) of this section;        (9)    prohibits a person from agreeing with another person to do or not to do an act listed in items (1) through (8) of this section;        (10)    prohibits a person from advising, inducing, or urging another person, without the act or threat of fraud or violence, to do an act listed in items (1) through (9) of this section, regardless of a promise described in § 4–304 of this subtitle; or        (11)    on the ground that the persons are engaged in an unlawful conspiracy, prohibits a person from doing an act listed in items (1) through (10) of this section in concert with another person.