reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 36-1-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-1. Names of Counties

 The state is divided into 159 counties, whose boundaries and limits shall be ascertained by the several Acts laying off the same and those Acts amendatory thereof. The names of the counties are as follows: Appling, Atkinson, Bacon, Baker, Baldwin, Banks, Barrow, Bartow, Ben Hill, Berrien, Bibb, Bleckley, Brantley, Brooks, Bryan, Bulloch, Burke, Butts, Calhoun, Camden, Candler, Carroll, Catoosa, Charlton, Chatham, Chattahoochee, Chattooga, Cherokee, Clarke, Clay, Clayton, Clinch, Cobb, Coffee, Colquitt, Columbia, Cook, Coweta, Crawford, Crisp, Dade, Dawson, Decatur, DeKalb, Dodge, Dooly, Dougherty, Douglas, Early, Echols, Effingham, Elbert, Emanuel, Evans, Fannin, Fayette, Floyd, Forsyth, Franklin, Fulton, Gilmer, Glascock, Glynn, Gordon, Grady, Greene, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Hancock, Haralson, Harris, Hart, Heard, Henry, Houston, Irwin, Jackson, Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lamar, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln, Long, Lowndes, Lumpkin, Macon, Madison, Marion, McDuffie, McIntosh, Meriwether, Miller, Mitchell, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Murray, Muscogee, Newton, Oconee, Oglethorpe, Paulding, Peach, Pickens, Pierce, Pike, Polk, Pulaski, Putnam, Quitman, Rabun, Randolph, Richmond, Rockdale, Schley, Screven, Seminole, Spalding, Stephens, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Taliaferro, Tattnall, Taylor, Telfair, Terrell, Thomas, Tift, Toombs, Towns, Treutlen, Troup, Turner, Twiggs, Union, Upson, Walker, Walton, Ware, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Webster, Wheeler, White, Whitfield, Wilcox, Wilkes, Wilkinson, and Worth.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 30; Code 1868, § 28; Code 1873, § 28; Code 1882, § 28; Civil Code 1895, § 29; Civil Code 1910, § 31; Code 1933, § 23-101.)   Cross references.   - Limitation of number of counties to 159, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. IX, Sec. I, Para. II.   Prohibition of creation of new counties other than by consolidation or merger of existing counties, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. IX, Sec. I, Para. II.   Editor's notes.   - For laws creating counties, changing county boundaries or names, or otherwise affecting counties, see the Local Laws Index of this Code.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    Cited in Bearden v. Baldwin, 174 Ga. 191, 162 S.E. 802 (1931).   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL    County name may be changed by statute.  1945-47 Op. Att'y Gen. p. 65.
GA Code § 36-1-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-2. Extent of Jurisdiction of Counties Divided by Water

 Whenever a stream of water is the boundary of a county, the jurisdiction of the county shall extend to the center of the main channel of the stream, provided that whenever a stream of water is the boundary of a county and such stream or a bank thereof is the boundary of the State of Georgia, the jurisdiction of the county shall extend to that point which is the boundary of the state.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 39; Code 1868, § 37; Code 1873, § 35; Code 1882, § 35; Civil Code 1895, § 30; Civil Code 1910, § 32; Code 1933, § 23-102; Ga. L. 1984, p. 131, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Boundaries of counties generally, T. 36, C. 3.    Respective rights of owners of property divided by nonnavigable stream, § 44-8-2.   Boundaries of state generally, T. 50, C. 2.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 56 Am. Jur. 2d, Municipal Corporations, Counties, and Other Political Subdivisions, § 26.   C.J.S.   - 20 C.J.S., Counties, §§ 22, 23.
GA Code § 36-1-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-3. County a Body Corporate; Power to Sue and Be Sued Generally

 Every county is a body corporate, with power to sue or be sued in any court.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 463; Code 1868, § 525; Code 1873, § 491; Code 1882, § 491; Civil Code 1895, § 340; Civil Code 1910, § 383; Code 1933, § 23-1501.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "Quasi-Municipal Tort Liability in Georgia," see 6 Mercer L. Rev. 287 (1955). For article, "Actions for Wrongful Death in Georgia: Part Three and Four," see 21 Ga. B. J. 339 (1959). For note discussing governmental immunity from tort liability in Georgia, see 5 Ga. St. B. J. 494 (1969).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Liability of Counties   Procedure    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 56 Am. Jur. 2d, Municipal Corporations, Counties, and Other Political Subdivisions, §§ 2, 8, 735, 740.   C.J.S.   - 20 C.J.S., Counties, §§ 1 et seq., 410 et seq.   ALR.    - County as subject to garnishment process, 60 A.L.R. 823.    Power of city, town, or county or its officials to compromise claim, 105 A.L.R. 170; 15 A.L.R.2d 1359.   Right of governmental entity to maintain action for defamation, 45 A.L.R.3d 1315.
GA Code § 36-1-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-4. When County Liable to Be Sued

 A county is not liable to suit for any cause of action unless made so by statute.   (Civil Code 1895, § 341; Civil Code 1910, § 384; Code 1933, § 23-1502.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "Quasi-Municipal Tort Liability in Georgia," see 6 Mercer L. Rev. 287 (1955). For article, "Actions for Wrongful Death in Georgia: Parts Three and Four," see 21 Ga. B. J. 339 (1959). For article discussing necessity of liability insurance for Georgia counties and municipalities, and constitutional authority of the units to provide such insurance, see 25 Ga. B. J. 35 (1962). For article surveying tort liability insurance in Georgia local government law, see 24 Mercer L. Rev. 651 (1973). For article on insurance and indemnity for Georgia local government officers under Georgia law, see 13 Ga. L. Rev. 747 (1979). For survey article on local government law, see 34 Mercer L. Rev. 225 (1982). For article, "Defending the Lawsuit: A First-Round Checklist," see 22 Ga. St. B. J. 24 (1985). For annual survey of local government law, see 38 Mercer L. Rev. 289 (1986). For article, "Georgia Local Government Tort Liability: The 'Crisis' Conundrum," see 2 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 19 (1986). For article, "Georgia County Liability: Nuisance or Not?," see 43 Mercer L. Rev. 1 (1991). For article, "Local Government Tort Liability: The Summer of '92," see 9 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 405 (1993). For note discussing governmental immunity from tort liability in Georgia, see 5 Ga. St. B. J. 494 (1969). For note analyzing sovereign immunity in this state and proposing implementation of a waiver scheme and creation of a court of claims pursuant to Ga. Const. 1976, Art. VI, Sec. V, Para. I, see 27 Emory L.J. 717 (1978).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Violations of Constitutional Rights   Taking of or Damage to Private Property   Contracts   Torts   Pleading    OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Liability of Boards of Education
GA Code § 36-1-6 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-6. Publication of Annual Financial Statement; Contents

 All boards of county commissioners, county commissioners, county managers, or other persons or bodies having charge of receipts and expenditures of county moneys shall publish a financial statement once each calendar year in the paper in which sheriff's advertisements are published in their respective counties. A copy of this statement shall also be posted twice each year for a period of not less than 30 days on the bulletin boards of the various county courthouses. The statement shall set forth the source of all income and a summary of all expenditures in a plain and simple manner that can be easily understood by all taxpaying citizens. The statement shall also contain a report of all money owed by the county, current bills excepted, of the number of tax delinquents, and the total amount of tax delinquency.   (Ga. L. 1952, p. 337, §§ 1, 2.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Use of public funds to publish tax delinquent list approved.   - Board of commissioners of a county can spend public funds to publish a list of delinquent taxpayers in the local newspaper. 1970 Op. Att'y Gen. No. U70-203.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 20 C.J.S., Counties, § 318.
GA Code § 36-1-7 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-7. Submission to Grand Jury of Sworn Returns of Receipts and Disbursements; Approval or Disapproval; Appearance to Explain Errors; Failure to Make Return

  The judges of the probate courts, county treasurers, clerks of the superior courts, and sheriffs of the various counties shall make a return, under oath, to the grand juries of their respective counties on the first day of each term of the superior court. The return shall set forth a just and true statement of the amount of money belonging to the county which was received by them and the source from which the money was received, along with their expenditures, accompanied by a copy of the most recent financial statement or annual audit of the financial affairs of the county offices subject to this Code section.   When the returns provided for in subsection (a) of this Code section have been made, the grand jury shall examine the same. If the returns are found to be correct, the grand jury shall endorse its approval thereon and attach the same to its general presentments, to be filed in the office of the clerk of the superior court. If the returns are found to be incorrect, the grand jury, through its foreman, shall return them to the officer making the same, shall plainly and distinctly set forth in writing the grounds of its disapproval, and shall require the officer to appear before the jury and explain the errors.   Should any officer fail or refuse to make the return required by subsection (a) of this Code section, the foreman of the grand jury shall immediately notify the presiding judge of such failure. The judge shall issue an order requiring the delinquent officer to come forward and make the return required or, in default thereof, to be attached for contempt.    (Ga. L. 1876, p. 13, §§ 1-3; Code 1882, §§ 508a, 508b, 508c; Civil Code 1895, §§ 364, 365, 366; Civil Code 1910, §§ 413, 414, 415; Code 1933, §§ 23-1201, 23-1202, 23-1203; Ga. L. 1996, p. 842, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Frequency with which grand jury must perform duties, § 15-12-71.   Cross references.   - Accounting for public funds generally, T. 45, C. 8.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 38 Am. Jur. 2d, Grand Jury, § 34 et seq. 63C Am. Jur. 2d, Public Officers and Employees, §§ 256 et seq., 340.   C.J.S.   - 20 C.J.S., Counties, § 314 et seq. 38A C.J.S., Grand Juries, § 88 et seq.
GA Code § 36-1-9 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-9. Payment Into County Treasury

 Any county official, officer, or employee who is charged with the responsibility of collecting, receiving, or disbursing any fees, fines, forfeitures, costs, commissions, allowances, penalties, funds, or moneys, or any other emolument or perquisite for any other county official, officer, or employee who has been placed upon a salary payable from county funds in lieu of receiving such compensation, when provision has been made by law for such compensation to become the property of and payable to the county, may pay said funds directly into the county treasury upon their receipt.   (Ga. L. 1964, p. 337, § 1; Ga. L. 1969, p. 3655, § 1; Ga. L. 1971, p. 3563, § 1; Ga. L. 1982, p. 2107, § 30; Ga. L. 1992, p. 1219, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 20 C.J.S., Counties, § 314 et seq.
GA Code § 36-1-11 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-11. Additional Temporary Personnel and Equipment for Assistance of County Officers or Departments

 The governing authorities of the various counties shall have the authority to expend county funds for the purpose of employing such additional temporary personnel and providing such equipment and supplies as in their respective judgments shall be necessary and advisable, in order that such personnel and equipment might assist any county officer, official, or department in discharging his or its duties and responsibilities in an efficient and orderly fashion. Nothing contained within this Code section shall be construed so as to abrogate the authority of such officers and officials to select the personnel who shall be employed within their respective offices and departments.   (Ga. L. 1968, p. 447, § 1.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   County may employ additional personnel.   - County is authorized to employ personnel to assist the tax assessors in maintaining the tax digest and the tax equalization program in the county. 1969 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 69-25.   Governing authority of a county may hire temporary personnel to assist the clerk of the superior court. 1969 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 69-400.   This section authorizes the county commissioners to employ a secretary for the sheriff on a temporary basis. Op. Att'y Gen. No. U71-11.   County may not pay salary to employee on fee basis.   - Governing authority of a county is not authorized to pay the salary of a semipermanent employee of a county officer who is on a fee basis. 1969 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 69-478.    When compensation of deputy sheriff is fixed by a local Act,  the county commissioners have no authority to increase the compensation. 1970 Op. Att'y Gen. No. U70-64.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Particular purposes within contemplation of statute authorizing issuance of bonds or use of funds by school district for specified purposes, 124 A.L.R. 883.
GA Code § 36-1-11.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-11.1. Expenditure of Funds for Insurance and Employment Benefits

  The governing authority of any county is authorized to provide, and to expend county funds for the provision of, group health, life, disability, and liability insurance, retirement or pension coverage, social security and employment security coverage, and other similar or related employment benefits for members of the county governing authority and for elected county officers and the personnel thereof, as well as for the dependents and beneficiaries of such officials and personnel; provided, however, that no member of a county governing authority may become vested in the provision of any retirement or pension benefits authorized by this subsection until after the next general election in which said official stands for reelection.   Any prior expenditure of county funds in the manner authorized by this Code section is validated and confirmed; and no person shall be liable in any respect by reason of his or her participation in any prior provision of the benefits authorized by this Code section.     (Code 1981, §36-1-11.1, enacted by Ga. L. 1989, p. 1284, § 1; Ga. L. 1995, p. 924, § 1; Ga. L. 1996, p. 1258, § 1.)
GA Code § 36-1-12 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-12. Courthouse to Remain Open During Normal Working Hours

 It shall be the duty and responsibility of the governing authority of each county of this state to keep the county courthouse and the county offices maintained therein open during normal working hours for the transaction of the public's business. As used in this Code section, "normal working hours" means a minimum of 40 working hours during each calendar week, except for those weeks during which public and legal holidays, which are recognized and designated as such by Georgia law or by the governing authority of the county, are observed.   (Code 1933, § 23-103, enacted by Ga. L. 1976, p. 1522, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Hours of operation of office of superior court clerk, § 15-6-93.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Courthouse and offices must be open for public's business.    - Under this section it is not only the duty of the county commissioners to keep the courthouse building and county offices therein available, but it is also the commissioner's duty to see that county offices are open for the transaction of the public's business. Mobley v. Polk County, 242 Ga. 798, 251 S.E.2d 538 (1979).   Governing authority to determine hours.    - Legislature has delegated to the governing authority the right to determine normal working hours with a minimum of 40 working hours during each week. Mobley v. Polk County, 242 Ga. 798, 251 S.E.2d 538 (1979).   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Applicability of section.    - This section, in referring to "county offices", is intended to regulate the hours of only those offices over which the governing authority of the county exercises control. 1976 Op. Att'y Gen. No. U76-35 (see O.C.G.A. § 36-1-12).
GA Code § 36-1-13 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-13. Speculation in County Orders by County Officer

 Any public officer of any county in this state who buys up at a discount or in any manner speculates in what are known as "county orders," "jury scrip," or any other order or scrip which is to be paid out of any public fund of this state or of any county in this state shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be removed from office.   (Ga. L. 1878-79, p. 79, § 1; Code 1882, § 4562g; Penal Code 1895, § 277; Penal Code 1910, § 281; Code 1933, §§ 23-9909, 23-1610.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 63C Am. Jur. 2d, Public Officers and Employees, § 365.
GA Code § 36-1-15 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-15. Prohibition, Regulation, and Taxation of Fortunetelling and Similar Practices

 The county governing authority may by proper ordinance prohibit, regulate, or tax the practice of fortunetelling, phrenology, astrology, clairvoyance, palmistry, or other kindred practices, businesses, or professions where a charge is made or a donation accepted for the services and where the practice is carried on outside the corporate limits of the municipality. The tax, if any, which is imposed shall not exceed the sum of $1,000.00 per year. Such ordinances may prescribe the punishment to be imposed for violations, but such punishment shall not exceed imprisonment for 60 days or a fine of $500.00 or both. Prosecutions for violations shall be in the magistrate court of the county as provided in Chapter 10 of Title 15.   (Ga. L. 1953, Nov.-Dec. Sess., p. 311, § 1; Ga. L. 1984, p. 505, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 36 Am. Jur. 2d, Fortunetelling, § 1 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 16A C.J.S., Constitutional Law, §§ 777 et seq., 839, 851 et seq., 906 et seq.   ALR.    - Validity of license tax or fee on show or place of amusement, 111 A.L.R. 778.   Regulation of astrology, clairvoyancy, fortunetelling, and the like, 91 A.L.R.3d 766.
GA Code § 36-1-17 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-17. Authority of County Employees to Issue Citations for Violation of Ordinances and Regulations in Counties Having Population of 550,000 or More; Jurisdiction; Effect of Failure to Respond

 In all counties of this state having a population of 550,000 or more according to the United States decennial census of 1980 or any future such census, any employee who is authorized to enforce any county code, ordinance, regulation, rule, or other order, including such related ordinances, codes, and regulations as drainage regulations, soil erosion and sedimentation control regulations, subdivision and zoning regulations, water and sewer regulations, and any other land development or construction regulations of such counties, shall have the authority to issue citations to any person who shall violate any such county code, ordinance, regulation, or order which shall be in effect in such counties. Such citations shall command the appearance of such person at a designated regular session of a court in such county having the jurisdiction of a commitment court throughout the entire county. At such time and place, the court shall act as a court of inquiry with all the powers and authorities specified in Article 2 of Chapter 7 of Title 17. In the event that any such person shall fail to appear in response to such citation, a warrant shall be issued for the arrest of the person for violation of such county code, ordinance, regulation, rule, or order without the necessity of any further action.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 3261, § 1.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Probate court jurisdiction over violations of county ordinances.    - Probate court has jurisdiction over violations of county ordinances in counties of 550,000 or more pursuant to O.C.G.A. § 36-1-17. 1995 Op. Att'y Gen. No. U95-1.
GA Code § 36-1-18 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-18. Authority of Counties Having Population of 550,000 or More to Assess Against Cost of Repairing Streets as Necessitated by Private Construction Activity; Liens

  In all counties of this state having a population of 550,000 or more according to the United States decennial census of 1980 or any future such census, the county governing authority shall be empowered by ordinance or resolution to assess against any property the cost of reopening or repairing any public way, street, road, right of way, or highway, or the cost of cleaning up from any public way, street, road, right of way, or highway any debris, dirt, sediment, soil, trash, building materials, and other physical materials originating on such property, as a result of any private construction activity carried on by any developer, contractor, subcontractor, or owner of such property.   Any assessment authorized under subsection (a) of this Code section, as well as the interest thereon and the expense of collection, shall be a lien against the property so assessed coequal with the lien of other taxes and shall be enforced in the same manner as are state and county ad valorem property taxes by issuance of a fi. fa. and levy and sale as set forth in Title 48, the "Georgia Public Revenue Code."    (Ga. L. 1981, p. 3259, §§ 1, 2.)
GA Code § 36-1-19 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|§ 36-1-19. Appropriation for Charitable Grants or Contributions in Counties Having Population Greater Than 550,000; Establishment of Boards or Councils to Devise Procedures and Advise Governing Authority

 Reserved. Repealed by Ga. L. 1996, p. 1415, § 1, effective July 1, 1996.   Editor's notes.   - This Code section was based on Ga. L. 1980, p. 3406, §§ 1, 2; Ga. L. 1982, p. 2107, § 31.