reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 49-18 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-18 - Foreclosure by executor, administrator or trustee.

 When any executor, administrator or trustee obtains a decree of foreclosure, the premises foreclosed, or the proceeds thereof if sold by him, shall be held by him in the same manner and for the benefit of the same persons and to be used for the same purposes and subject to the same rules as the money secured by the mortgage would have been if collected without foreclosure. If such premises are not sold by him, the same shall be distributed, or otherwise disposed of, to the persons who would have been entitled to the money if collected.(1949 Rev., S. 7199; P.A. 79-602, S. 77.)History: P.A. 79-602 substituted “proceeds” for “avails” and made another minor change in wording, creating two sentences from single previously existing sentence.The heirs of a mortgage cannot sustain a bill for a foreclosure. 5 C. 139. Cited. 120 C. 671.
CT Gen Stat § 49-19 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-19 - Title to vest in encumbrancer paying debt and costs.

 In actions of foreclosure, when a judgment of strict foreclosure is rendered and there are subsequent encumbrances, the judgment may provide that, upon the payment of the debt and costs by any encumbrancer, after all subsequent parties in interest have been foreclosed, the title to the property shall vest absolutely in such encumbrancer making such payment, subject to such unpaid encumbrances, if any, as precede him.(1949 Rev., S. 7200.)Right of junior encumbrancer, not a party to foreclosure, to redeem. 68 C. 298. Effect of foreclosure decree in determining priorities among junior mortgagees. 78 C. 475. Right of attaching creditor to redeem. 83 C. 514; 89 C. 59; 102 C. 434. Effect of provision in judgment vesting title in subsequent encumbrancer who redeems; title of redeeming encumbrancer where there is no such provision. 95 C. 4. Foreclosing mortgagee gets no better title than mortgagor had at time mortgage was given. 96 C. 539. Statute does not require that judgment vest title in an encumbrancer who redeems, but it authorizes such a judgment; judgment of foreclosure, as regards the lien of an attaching creditor, may condition title secured by lien. 134 C. 395. Cited. 188 C. 286; 216 C. 443.Cited. 20 CA 163.Cited. 25 CS 516. Cloud on title agreement effecting strict foreclosure. 30 CS 56.
CT Gen Stat § 49-20 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-20 - Redemption by holder of encumbrance on part of property foreclosed.

 When a strict foreclosure judgment contains a provision that title to the real estate being thereby foreclosed shall vest in the encumbrancer who redeems pursuant to the judgment, or specifies that the title shall vest in any particular person or persons who redeem as therein provided, the validity and effect of the judgment and of the provision therein shall not be limited or otherwise affected by the fact that the encumbrance or interest of the person so redeeming applies to or covers only a portion of the property described and being foreclosed in the judgment. In such case, if the foreclosure judgment requires that person to pay the entire amount thereof or be foreclosed of all equity to redeem the premises described in the judgment, the person shall, by the judgment, acquire all the rights and title of the foreclosing party granted by the judgment, as fully as if his interest or encumbrance covered all of the property described in the judgment.(1949 Rev., S. 7201; P.A. 79-602, S. 78.)History: P.A. 79-602 made minor changes in wording, substituting “the” for “such” where appearing, etc.Cited. 25 CA 688.
CT Gen Stat § 49-21 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-21 - Defendant to receive and file certificate of satisfaction or certificates of judgment of strict foreclosure or foreclosure by sale.

 When, in any action of foreclosure, any defendant has paid the debt and costs and the title to the mortgaged premises has become absolute in such defendant, or any person claiming under him, in accordance with the provisions of sections 49-19 and 49-20, the plaintiff or person receiving such payment, either in person or by his agent or attorney, shall sign and deliver to the defendant a certificate of satisfaction of the judgment of foreclosure stating the name and residence of the defendant. The certificate shall be filed by him forthwith with the clerk of the court in which the judgment was rendered. A certified copy of the certificate of satisfaction of judgment, and of the judgment, or of a certificate of judgment of strict foreclosure or a certificate of judgment of foreclosure by sale shall be forthwith filed by the defendant for record in the land records of the town where such premises are situated.(1949 Rev., S. 7202; 1949, S. 2971d; P.A. 79-602, S. 79; P.A. 92-38, S. 1.)History: P.A. 79-602 changed wording slightly but made no substantive changes; P.A. 92-38 required that certified copies of certificates of judgment of strict foreclosure and certificates of judgment of foreclosure by sale be filed by defendant on land records.A certificate foreclosure merely evidential of title. 111 C. 507.Where defendant owner redeems, title need not become absolute in defendant owner as a condition precedent to applicability of section. 77 CA 276.
CT Gen Stat § 49-22a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-22a - Execution of ejectment on foreclosure judgment on mortgage guaranteed by Administrator of Veterans' Affairs.

 In any action brought for the foreclosure of a mortgage upon land where the court may, in accordance with the provisions of section 49-22, issue execution of ejectment to the plaintiff and the mortgage loan has been guaranteed by the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs pursuant to Title III of an Act of Congress entitled “Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944”, the court may issue execution of ejectment to put in possession of such land the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, upon the filing by the plaintiff of an affidavit that (1) the guarantee has been honored by the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, (2) the plaintiff's title to the property has been conveyed to the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs who has become subrogated to all the rights of the plaintiff in the property and (3) the foreclosure judgment has been assigned to the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs.(1971, P.A. 251.)
CT Gen Stat § 49-23 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-23 - Ejectment by mortgagee barred by tender of debt and costs.

 In any action brought by a mortgagee of real estate, or any person holding title under him, against the mortgagor, or any person holding title to the estate under him, to obtain possession of the estate by virtue of title derived by mortgage, a tender by the defendant of the amount of the debt, with interest and the costs of the suit, is a bar to its further prosecution.(1949 Rev., S. 7204; P.A. 79-602, S. 81.)History: P.A. 79-602 substituted “is” for “shall be” and “the” for “such” where appearing.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24 - Court may foreclose lien or mortgage on land by sale or market sale.

 All liens and mortgages affecting real property may, on the written motion of any party to any suit relating thereto, be foreclosed (1) by a decree of sale instead of a strict foreclosure at the discretion of the court before which the foreclosure proceedings are pending, or (2) with respect to mortgages, as defined in section 49-24a, that are a first mortgage against the property, by a judgment of foreclosure by market sale upon the written motion of the mortgagee, as defined in section 49-24a, and with consent of the mortgagor, as defined in section 49-24a, in accordance with sections 49-24a to 49-24g, inclusive, and sections 49-26 to 49-28, inclusive.(1949 Rev., S. 7205; P.A. 14-84, S. 1; 14-217, S. 207; P.A. 16-65, S. 83.)History: P.A. 14-84 designated existing provision re decree of sale as Subdiv. (1) and added Subdiv. (2) re foreclosure by market sale; P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 1, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014; P.A. 16-65 deleted reference to Sec. 49-31t and made a technical change.Nature of sale. 98 C. 152. Procedure where one of two mortgages foreclosed is invalid in part. 103 C. 743. Whether foreclosure by sale will be ordered rests in discretion of court; refusal to order held proper. 108 C. 30. Remedy of second mortgagee order of sale and not apportionment. 119 C. 455. Cited. 179 C. 232; 196 C. 172; 199 C. 368.Cited. 11 CA 53; 13 CA 239; 21 CA 275; 23 CA 192; 35 CA 81. In the absence of motion requesting foreclosure by sale, court did not err in ordering strict foreclosure; in Connecticut, strict foreclosure is the rule, foreclosure by sale the exception. 121 CA 554.Cited. 25 CS 516.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24a - Definitions.

 For purposes of a foreclosure by market sale in accordance with this section and sections 49-24b to 49-24g, inclusive:(1) “Mortgage” means a mortgage deed, deed of trust or other equivalent consensual security interest on residential real property securing a loan made primarily for personal, family or household purposes that is first in priority over any other mortgages or liens encumbering the residential real property, except those liens that are given priority over a mortgage pursuant to state or federal law;(2) “Mortgagee” means the owner or servicer of the debt secured by a mortgage;(3) “Mortgagor” means the owner-occupant of residential real property located in this state who is also the borrower under the loan that is secured by a mortgage, other than a reverse annuity mortgage, encumbering such residential real property that is the primary residence of such owner-occupant, where the amount due on such mortgage loan, including accrued interest, late charges and other amounts secured by the mortgage, when added to amounts for which there is a prior lien by operation of law, exceeds the appraised value of the property; and(4) “Residential real property” means a one-to-four-family dwelling occupied as a residence by a mortgagor.(P.A. 14-84, S. 2; 14-217, S. 207; P.A. 16-65, S. 84.)History: P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 2, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014; P.A. 16-65 deleted reference to Sec. 49-31t and made a technical change.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24b (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24b - Agreement to pursue foreclosure by market sale.

 A mortgagor and a mortgagee may agree, by mutual consent, to pursue a foreclosure by market sale pursuant to sections 49-24b to 49-24g, inclusive. Nothing herein shall be construed as requiring either the mortgagor or mortgagee to pursue a foreclosure by market sale or to consider a foreclosure by market sale in foreclosure mediation. Failure of either party to consent to a foreclosure by market sale for any reason shall not be a basis for a claim of bad faith.(P.A. 14-84, S. 3; 14-217, S. 207, 249; P.A. 16-65, S. 81.)History: P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 3, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014, and amended Subsec. (a) to change “October 1, 2014” to “January 1, 2015”, effective January 1, 2015; P.A. 16-65 replaced former provisions with provisions re agreement to pursue foreclosure by market sale.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24c (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24c - Appraisal of property in foreclosure by market sale.

 If a mortgagee and mortgagor both elect, pursuant to section 49-24b, to proceed with further discussions about the possibility of pursuing a mutually acceptable foreclosure by market sale, the mortgagee shall cause a written appraisal of the fair market value of the residential real property to be performed by an appraiser licensed under chapter 400g. The mortgagor shall, promptly upon request, permit such appraiser access at reasonable times to the interior and exterior of the residential real property for the sole purpose of gathering facts necessary to perform the appraisal assignment. Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring either the mortgagor or the mortgagee to proceed with further discussions.(P.A. 14-84, S. 4; 14-217, S. 207.)History: P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 4, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24d (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24d - Listing agreement in foreclosure by market sale.

 As soon as practicable after receiving a report of a written appraisal performed pursuant to section 49-24c, the mortgagee shall furnish the mortgagor with a copy of such appraisal. If the appraisal indicates that the mortgage would likely be eligible for foreclosure by market sale, the mortgagor and the mortgagee may reach an agreement on mutually acceptable terms and conditions to list the property with a person licensed under chapter 392 and chosen by the mortgagor using a listing agreement meeting the requirements of said chapter. Any such listing agreement shall require such licensee to report any offer for the residential real property to both the mortgagor and the mortgagee as soon as practicable. The mortgagee shall provide the name, mailing address, telephone number, facsimile number and electronic mail address to be used to report offers to the mortgagee. The mortgagee may not require the use of a particular licensee or group of licensees as a condition to approving a listing agreement. Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring either the mortgagor or the mortgagee to reach an agreement regarding a mutually acceptable listing agreement.(P.A. 14-84, S. 5; 14-217, S. 207.)History: P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 5, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24f (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24f - Judgment of foreclosure by market sale.

 A mortgagee may file a motion for judgment of foreclosure by market sale on or after the ten days following the return date specified in the complaint filed in accordance with subsection (b) of section 49-24e. Upon motion of the mortgagee and with the consent of the mortgagor, the court, after notice and hearing, may render a judgment of foreclosure by market sale approving the purchase and sale contract, which judgment shall be a final judgment for purposes of appeal, and appoint a person to make the sale. The only issues at such hearing shall be a finding of the fair market value of the residential real property and of any priority liens on such property and a determination of the amount of the fees and expenses of sale, including any real estate broker commissions, the person appointed to make the sale, the reasonable costs and expenses incurred by the purchaser of such property in connection with the purchase and sale contract, the mortgagee's debt and whether the mortgagee's debt together with any priority liens exceeds the fair market value of such property. Following such hearing, the court may render a supplemental judgment that specifies the persons who are entitled to proceeds from the market sale and the amount of such proceeds to which each such person is entitled. If the court denies the mortgagee's motion for the judgment of foreclosure by market sale contemplated by this section or if circumstances develop that make it reasonably likely that a sale will not be consummated in accordance with the judgment of foreclosure by market sale entered pursuant to this section, then, subject to the provisions of sections 49-31k to 49-31o, inclusive, (1) the mortgagor may, if eligible, petition for inclusion in the Ezequiel Santiago Foreclosure Mediation Program set forth in sections 49-31k to 49-31o, inclusive, provided the mortgagor did not substantially contribute to the events leading to such denial or circumstances and, in order to grant such petition, the court shall (A) give consideration to any testimony or affidavits the parties may submit in support of or in opposition to such petition, and (B) find that (i) such petition is not motivated primarily by a desire to delay the entry of a judgment of a foreclosure, and (ii) it is highly probable the parties will reach an agreement through mediation, and (2) the mortgagee shall have the right to request the entry of a judgment of foreclosure in accordance with the other provisions of law, including the provisions governing strict foreclosure.(P.A. 14-84, S. 7; 14-217, S. 207; P.A. 19-145, S. 2.)History: P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 7, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014; P.A. 19-145 changed “foreclosure mediation program” to “Ezequiel Santiago Foreclosure Mediation Program” in Subdiv. (1), effective July 1, 2019.
CT Gen Stat § 49-24g (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-24g - Right-of-first-refusal law days.

 When the court renders a judgment of market sale pursuant to section 49-24f, the court shall schedule, not later than thirty days from the date of the entry of a judgment of foreclosure by market sale in accordance with said section, right-of-first-refusal law days in order of priority pursuant to which the subordinate lienholders may seek to preserve their interest in the equity in the residential real property by tendering to the person appointed to make the sale pursuant to section 49-24f the amount of the agreed upon price in the purchase and sale contract. If a subordinate lienholder takes no action to preserve such lienholder's interest in such equity on such lienholder's designated right-of-first-refusal law day, such lienholder's subordinate lien shall be extinguished upon passage of such law day. If a subordinate lienholder's action to preserve such lienholder's interest in the residential real property results in such lienholder purchasing such property, the purchaser indicated in the contract for the market sale executed in accordance with section 49-24e shall be entitled to reimbursement from the proceeds of the market sale of any costs and expenses associated with such contract as determined by the court pursuant to section 49-24f.(P.A. 14-84, S. 8; 14-217, S. 207; P.A. 16-65, S. 89.)History: P.A. 14-217 changed effective date of P.A. 14-84, S. 8, from October 1, 2014, to January 1, 2015, effective June 13, 2014; P.A. 16-65 deleted “inverse” re order of priority.
CT Gen Stat § 49-25 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-25 - Appraisal of property.

 When the court in any such proceeding is of the opinion that a foreclosure by sale should be decreed, it shall, in its decree, appoint a person to make the sale and fix a day therefor, and shall direct whether the property shall be sold as a whole or in parcels, and how the sale shall be made and advertised; but, in all cases in which such sale is ordered, the court shall appoint one disinterested appraiser who shall, under oath, appraise the property to be sold and make return of the appraisal to the clerk of the court. Upon motion of the owner of the equity of redemption, the court shall appoint a second appraiser in its decree. If the plaintiff is the purchaser at sale, or if the property is redeemed at any time prior to the approval of the sale, or if for any reason the sale does not take place, the expense of the sale and appraisal or appraisals shall be paid by the plaintiff and be taxed with the costs of the case. If, after judgment has been rendered, the amount found to be due and for which foreclosure is decreed, together with the interest and the costs, is paid to the plaintiff before the sale, all further proceedings in the suit shall be stayed.(1949 Rev., S. 7206; P.A. 79-602, S. 82; P.A. 91-50.)History: P.A. 79-602 substituted “the” for “such” where appearing; P.A. 91-50 changed requirement of appointment of three appraisers to appointment of one appraiser and deleted language concerning acceptance by court of amount agreed upon by majority if lack of agreement by appraisers and substituted “Upon motion of the owner of the equity of redemption, the court shall appoint a second appraiser in its decree. If the plaintiff is the purchaser at sale, or if the property is redeemed at any time prior to the approval of the sale, or if for any reason the sale does not take place ...”.Appraisal upon a foreclosure by sale not conclusive as to value of property. 128 C. 694. Cited. 153 C. 269, 274; 157 C. 594; 189 C. 490; 220 C. 643; 222 C. 784; 227 C. 270; 241 C. 269. Statute recognizes that foreclosed property may be redeemed at any time prior to confirmation of the sale by the trial court; judgment of Appellate Court in 42 CA 330 reversed. Id., 734. Conduct of judicial sale. 252 C. 623.“Of such sale” not limited to ratified sales. 13 CA 239. Cited. 20 CA 638; 21 CA 275; 22 CA 396; 27 CA 549; 36 CA 313. Trial court is not bound to accept appraised value but may use the appraisal to assist in the exercise of its discretion in accepting or rejecting proposed sale. 75 CA 355. Statute does not permit court to order defendant to pay expenses of the sale. 80 CA 399. Court did not err in confirming foreclosure by sale without conducting evidentiary hearing because, although court may grant an evidentiary hearing upon request, defendant did not request such a hearing properly. 95 CA 279.