reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MN Stat § 548.57 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.57 — Standards For Recognition Of Foreign-country Judgment.

548.57 STANDARDS FOR RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN-COUNTRY JUDGMENT. (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b) and (c), a court of this state shall recognize a foreign-country judgment to which sections 548.54 to 548.63 apply. (b) A court of this state may not recognize a foreign-country judgment if: (1) the judgment was rendered under a judicial system that does not provide impartial tribunals or procedures compatible with the requirements of due process of law; (2) the foreign court did not have personal jurisdiction over the defendant; or (3) the foreign court did not have jurisdiction over the subject matter. (c) A court of this state need not recognize a foreign-country judgment if: (1) the defendant in the proceeding in the foreign court did not receive notice of the proceeding in sufficient time to enable the defendant to defend; (2) the judgment was obtained by fraud that deprived the losing party of an adequate opportunity to present its case; (3) the judgment or the cause of action on which the judgment is based is repugnant to the public policy of this state or of the United States; (4) the judgment conflicts with another final and conclusive judgment; (5) the proceeding in the foreign court was contrary to an agreement between the parties under which the dispute in question was to be determined otherwise than by proceedings in that foreign court; (6) in the case of jurisdiction based only on personal service, the foreign court was a seriously inconvenient forum for the trial of the action; (7) the judgment was rendered in circumstances that raise substantial doubt about the integrity of the rendering court with respect to the judgment; or (8) the specific proceeding in the foreign court leading to the judgment was not compatible with the requirements of due process of law. (d) A party resisting recognition of a foreign-country judgment has the burden of establishing that a ground for nonrecognition stated in paragraph (b) or (c) exists. History:   2010 c 263 s 4
MN Stat § 548.58 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.58 — Personal Jurisdiction.

548.58 PERSONAL JURISDICTION. (a) A foreign-country judgment may not be refused recognition for lack of personal jurisdiction if: (1) the defendant was served with process personally in the foreign country; (2) the defendant voluntarily appeared in the proceeding, other than for the purpose of protecting property seized or threatened with seizure in the proceeding or of contesting the jurisdiction of the court over the defendant; (3) the defendant, before the commencement of the proceeding, had agreed to submit to the jurisdiction of the foreign court with respect to the subject matter involved; (4) the defendant was domiciled in the foreign country when the proceeding was instituted or was a corporation or other form of business organization that had its principal place of business in, or was organized under the laws of, the foreign country; (5) the defendant had a business office in the foreign country and the proceeding in the foreign court involved a cause of action arising out of business done by the defendant through that office in the foreign country; or (6) the defendant operated a motor vehicle or airplane in the foreign country and the proceeding involved a cause of action arising out of that operation. (b) The list of bases for personal jurisdiction in paragraph (a) is not exclusive. The courts of this state may recognize bases of personal jurisdiction other than those listed in paragraph (a) as sufficient to support a foreign-country judgment. History:   2010 c 263 s 5
MN Stat § 548.59 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.59 — Procedure For Recognition Of Foreign-country Judgment.

548.59 PROCEDURE FOR RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN-COUNTRY JUDGMENT. (a) If recognition of a foreign-country judgment is sought as an original matter, the issue of recognition shall be raised by filing an action seeking recognition of the foreign-country judgment. (b) If recognition of a foreign-country judgment is sought in a pending action, the issue of recognition may be raised by counterclaim, cross-claim, or affirmative defense. History:   2010 c 263 s 6
MN Stat § 548.60 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.60 — Effect Of Recognition Of Foreign-country Judgment.

548.60 EFFECT OF RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN-COUNTRY JUDGMENT. If the court in a proceeding under section 548.59 finds that the foreign-country judgment is entitled to recognition under sections 548.54 to 548.63, then, to the extent that the foreign-country judgment grants or denies recovery of a sum of money, the foreign-country judgment is: (1) conclusive between the parties to the same extent as the judgment of a sister state entitled to full faith and credit in this state would be conclusive; and (2) enforceable in the same manner and to the same extent as a judgment rendered in this state. History:   2010 c 263 s 7
MN Stat § 548.61 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.61 — Stay Of Proceedings Pending Appeal Of Foreign-country Judgment.

548.61 STAY OF PROCEEDINGS PENDING APPEAL OF FOREIGN-COUNTRY JUDGMENT. If a party establishes that an appeal from a foreign-country judgment is pending or will be taken, the court may stay any proceedings with regard to the foreign-country judgment until the appeal is concluded, the time for appeal expires, or the appellant has had sufficient time to prosecute the appeal and has failed to do so. History:   2010 c 263 s 8
MN Stat § 548.62 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.62 — Statute Of Limitations.

548.62 STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS. An action to recognize a foreign-country judgment must be commenced within the earlier of the time during which the foreign-country judgment is effective in the foreign country or 15 years from the date that the foreign-country judgment became effective in the foreign country. History:   2010 c 263 s 9
MN Stat § 548.63 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 548 — Judgments|Section 548.63 — Saving Clause.

548.63 SAVING CLAUSE. Sections 548.54 to 548.63 do not prevent the recognition under principles of comity or otherwise of a foreign-country judgment not within the scope of sections 548.54 to 548.63. History:   2010 c 263 s 10
MN Stat § 549.01 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.01 — Agreement As To Fees Of Attorney.

549.01 AGREEMENT AS TO FEES OF ATTORNEY. A party shall have an unrestricted right to agree with an attorney as to compensation for services, and the measure and mode thereof; but certain sums may be allowed to the prevailing party for expenses in an action, which are termed costs. History:  (9470) RL s 4337; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.02 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.02 — Costs.

549.02 COSTS. Subdivision 1. District court. In actions commenced in the district court, costs shall be allowed as follows: To plaintiff: (1) Upon a judgment in the plaintiff's favor of $100 or more in an action for the recovery of money only, $200. (2) In all other actions, including an action by a public employee for wrongfully denied or withheld employment benefits or rights, except as otherwise specially provided, $200. To defendant: Upon discontinuance or dismissal or when judgment is rendered in the defendant's favor on the merits, $200. To the prevailing party: $5.50 for the cost of filing a satisfaction of the judgment. This section does not apply to actions removed to district court from conciliation court. Subd. 2. On appeal. Upon a judgment on the merits on appeal to the court of appeals or supreme court, additional costs in the amount of $300 shall be allowed to the prevailing party. Subd. 3. Limitation. Notwithstanding subdivisions 1 and 2, where the state agency is named or intervenes as a party to enforce the agency's rights under section 256B.056, the agency shall not be liable for costs to any prevailing defendant. History:  (9471) RL s 4338; 1974 c 413 s 1; 1986 c 444; 1988 c 484 s 3; 1992 c 591 s 20; 1993 c 192 s 103; 1Sp2005 c 4 art 8 s 78
MN Stat § 549.03 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.03 — Actions For Services; Double Costs.

549.03 ACTIONS FOR SERVICES; DOUBLE COSTS. When any person who employed another to perform any labor or service neglects or refuses to pay the agreed price, or the reasonable value if there is no agreement, for 30 days after it is due and payment is demanded, and the payment is recovered by action, there shall be allowed to the plaintiff, and included in the judgment, all of the disbursements allowed by law and double the costs. History:  (9472) RL s 4339; 1907 c 200 s 1; 1983 c 359 s 77; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.04 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.04 — Disbursements; Taxation And Allowance.

549.04 DISBURSEMENTS; TAXATION AND ALLOWANCE. Subdivision 1. Generally. In every action in a district court, the prevailing party, including any public employee who prevails in an action for wrongfully denied or withheld employment benefits or rights, shall be allowed reasonable disbursements paid or incurred, including fees and mileage paid for service of process by the sheriff or by a private person. Subd. 2. Limitation. Notwithstanding subdivision 1, where the state agency is named or intervenes as a party to enforce the agency's rights under section 256B.056, the agency shall not be liable for disbursements to any prevailing defendant. History:  (9473) RL s 4340; 1943 c 508 s 1; 1974 c 413 s 2; 1983 c 93 s 1; 1Sp2005 c 4 art 8 s 79
MN Stat § 549.05 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.05 — Costs In Certain Cases Commenced In District Court Of Fourth Judicial District Cognizable By Municipal Court.

549.05 COSTS IN CERTAIN CASES COMMENCED IN DISTRICT COURT OF FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COGNIZABLE BY MUNICIPAL COURT. In any action commenced in the district court of the Fourth Judicial District, no costs or disbursements shall be allowed the plaintiff where there is a municipal court in the district where such action is brought, having jurisdiction of the subject matter and in which jurisdiction of the defendant or defendants could be acquired, and in case the amount of recovery by the plaintiff in such an action is less than $200, the plaintiff shall pay the defendant's costs and disbursements. History:  (9473-1) 1925 c 326
MN Stat § 549.06 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.06 — Several Actions; Costs, How Allowed.

549.06 SEVERAL ACTIONS; COSTS, HOW ALLOWED. When several actions are brought on one instrument, or for the same cause of action, against several parties who might have been joined as defendants in the same action, costs shall be allowed to the plaintiff in but one of such actions, to be selected by the plaintiff, if at the commencement of such action the defendants in the other actions were openly within the state; but plaintiff's disbursements may be allowed as provided in section 549.04. History:  (9474) RL s 4341; 1977 c 347 s 62; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.07 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.07 — Equitable Actions; Several Defendants.

549.07 EQUITABLE ACTIONS; SEVERAL DEFENDANTS. In equitable actions, costs may be allowed or not, and, if allowed, may be apportioned between the parties on the same or adverse sides, in the discretion of the court. When there are several defendants not united in interest, and making separate defenses by separate answers, and plaintiff fails to recover judgment against all, the court may award costs to such defendants as have judgment in their favor, or any of them. History:  (9475) RL s 4342
MN Stat § 549.08 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.08 — Action On Judgment.

549.08 ACTION ON JUDGMENT. Costs shall not be allowed to plaintiff in an action upon a domestic judgment between the same parties, unless such action was brought with previous leave of the court for cause shown; but this shall not apply to an action upon the judgment of a justice brought in another county or in the same county where the summons was not served upon all the defendants, or in case of the death of a party, or the death, resignation, incapacity to act, or removal from the county of the justice, or the loss of the docket. History:  (9476) RL s 4343; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.11 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.11 — Costs Allowed On Motion Or Demurrer.

549.11 COSTS ALLOWED ON MOTION OR DEMURRER. Costs may be allowed on motion, demurrer, or appeal from taxation of costs, in the discretion of the court or judge, not exceeding $10, and may be absolute, or directed to abide the event of the action. History:  (9479) RL s 4346
MN Stat § 549.12 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.12 — Against Guardian Of Infant Plaintiff.

549.12 AGAINST GUARDIAN OF INFANT PLAINTIFF. When costs or disbursements are adjudged against an infant plaintiff, the guardian by whom the infant appears in the action shall be responsible for them, and judgment therefor may be entered against both infant and guardian. History:  (9480) RL s 4347; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.13 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.13 — Defendant After Tender.

549.13 DEFENDANT AFTER TENDER. When in an action on contract, express or implied, the defendant alleges in the answer that before the commencement of the action the defendant tendered to the plaintiff the full amount to which the plaintiff was entitled, and thereupon deposits in court for the plaintiff the amount so tendered, and the allegation is found true, the defendant shall be entitled to costs and disbursements. History:  (9481) RL s 4348; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.14 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.14 — Chargeable On Estate Or Fund.

549.14 CHARGEABLE ON ESTATE OR FUND. In an action prosecuted or defended by an executor, administrator, trustee of an express trust, or person expressly authorized by statute, costs and disbursements may be recovered as in an action by and against a person prosecuting or defending in the person's own right. The same shall be made chargeable only upon the estate, fund, or party represented, unless the court shall direct the same to be paid by the plaintiff or defendant personally, for mismanagement or bad faith in the action; but no costs or disbursements are recoverable against an executor or administrator unless it appears that the demand was first presented to the executor or administrator, verified by oath, and payment demanded. History:  (9482) RL s 4349; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.15 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.15 — Relator Entitled To, And Liable For, Costs.

549.15 RELATOR ENTITLED TO, AND LIABLE FOR, COSTS. When an action or proceeding is instituted in the name of the state on the relation or petition of any citizen, such relator or petitioner is entitled to, and liable for, costs and disbursements in the same cases and to the same extent as if such action or proceeding had been instituted in the relator's or petitioner's own name. History:  (9483) RL s 4350; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.17 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.17 — Additional Costs On Change Of Venue; Amount; Payment Or Waiver Of; Taxation.

549.17 ADDITIONAL COSTS ON CHANGE OF VENUE; AMOUNT; PAYMENT OR WAIVER OF; TAXATION. When service of summons is made upon a defendant within a county of which the defendant is an actual resident at the time of such service, and the place of trial of such action is thereafter changed to such county in the manner provided by section 542.10, or when service of summons is made upon a defendant in a county of which the defendant is not a resident, and the place of such trial is in like manner changed to a county of which the defendant has been an actual resident for more than one year immediately preceding such service, which fact shall be set forth in defendant's affidavit for change of venue, the plaintiff shall forthwith in either case, pay to each defendant demanding such change of venue the sum of $10 as additional costs. No judgment shall be entered by plaintiff in any cause, the venue of which has been changed as aforesaid, until the plaintiff shall have filed with the court administrator a receipt for, or a waiver of, such sum by all of the defendants who demanded such change of venue, or their respective attorneys. Such sums if not paid by plaintiff, or waived by defendant, may be taxed against plaintiff by defendant as other costs if defendant prevails, or deducted from plaintiff's judgment, if plaintiff prevails. The provisions of this section shall not apply to causes where there are several defendants residing in different counties, or an even number of defendants, and the place or trial is determined by joinder of demands or nearness to the county seat and not by actual residence of the defendants as of right. History:  (9487-1) 1925 c 242 s 1; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
MN Stat § 549.18 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.18 — Security For Costs.

549.18 SECURITY FOR COSTS. When an action is begun in the district court by a plaintiff who is committed for a crime, or is a nonresident or a foreign corporation, or when such action is brought into the district court on appeal by defendant, such plaintiff shall file a bond to the court administrator, before service of summons, or in case of appeal within five days after perfecting the same, in the sum of at least $75, conditioned for the payment of all costs and disbursements that may be adjudged against the plaintiff. If, after the commencement of the action or the taking of an appeal, all parties plaintiff therein become nonresidents, or the sureties on the bond remove from the state or become insolvent, the court, on motion, may require such bond, or an additional bond, to be filed, conditioned as aforesaid. This section shall not apply to any action brought for the recovery of wages or claims for personal services. History:  (9488) RL s 4355; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
MN Stat § 549.19 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.19 — Neglect To File Security; Prosecution Of Bond.

549.19 NEGLECT TO FILE SECURITY; PROSECUTION OF BOND. When any party shall commence an action without filing a bond, or fail to provide an additional bond when so required, the court, on motion of defendant, may order a stay of all proceedings in such action, or a dismissal thereof at the cost of the attorney commencing the same. When judgment is entered against any party who has given security as required, and the costs and disbursements adjudged against the party remain unpaid in whole or in part for ten days, such bond may be put in suit and prosecuted to final judgment. History:  (9489) RL s 4356; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 549.191 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.191 — Claim For Punitive Damages.

549.191 CLAIM FOR PUNITIVE DAMAGES. Upon commencement of a civil action, the complaint must not seek punitive damages. After filing the suit a party may make a motion to amend the pleadings to claim punitive damages. The motion must allege the applicable legal basis under section 549.20 or other law for awarding punitive damages in the action and must be accompanied by one or more affidavits showing the factual basis for the claim. At the hearing on the motion, if the court finds prima facie evidence in support of the motion, the court shall grant the moving party permission to amend the pleadings to claim punitive damages. For purposes of tolling the statute of limitations, pleadings amended under this section relate back to the time the action was commenced. History:   1986 c 455 s 82
MN Stat § 549.25 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 549 — Costs, Disbursements|Section 549.25 — Future Damages; Payment.

549.25 FUTURE DAMAGES; PAYMENT. Where a claimant is awarded an amount representing future damages greater than $100,000, the court shall hold a hearing prior to ordering entry of judgment to allow the claimant to consider whether payment of the future damages over time as the damages are incurred is in the best interests of the claimant. The following factors may be considered at the hearing, as well as any others as justice requires: (1) the claimant's financial ability to meet obligations likely to be incurred as a result of the injury at issue in the trial; (2) the advantages, if any, to the claimant from voluntarily entering into a structured settlement; and (3) the interests of the claimant in self-determination over the claimant's financial affairs. If the claimant decides, after the hearing, that structured payments of future damages would be in the claimant's best interests, the court shall make available information to assist the claimant in seeking an appropriate financial instrument to provide such payments. Judgment may not be entered until the claimant has notified the court that the claimant does not wish to enter into a structured settlement. History:   1988 c 503 s 2