reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 8.01-453 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-453. When and how payment or discharge entered on judgment docket

The fact of satisfaction of any judgment so docketed, and if there is more than one defendant, by which defendant it was satisfied, shall be entered by the clerk in whose office the judgment is docketed whenever it appears from a certificate of the clerk of the court in which the judgment was rendered that the judgment has been satisfied or upon the direction, in writing, of the judgment creditor or his duly authorized attorney or other agent. However, the judgment creditor may record an instrument, upon payment of the fees for recordation of each instrument pursuant to § 17.1-275, releasing the lien of any judgment so docketed as against one or more parcels of real property, even when full satisfaction of the judgment has not been made and entered by the clerk.Code 1950, § 8-380; 1977, c. 617; 1979, c. 192; 1986, c. 276; 1988, c. 420; 2015, c. 631; 2016, c. 482.
VA Code § 8.01-454 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-454. Judgment, when satisfied, to be so noted by creditor

In all cases in which satisfaction of any judgment so docketed is made, which is not required to be certified to the clerk under § 8.01-455, it shall be the duty of the judgment creditor, himself, or by his agent or attorney, to cause such satisfaction by the defendant, and if there is more than one defendant, by which defendant it was satisfied, to be entered within 30 days after the same is made, on such judgment docket. If the judgment has not been docketed, then the entry shall be made on the execution book in the office of the clerk from which the execution issued. For any failure to do so within 90 days, or after 10 days' notice to do so by the judgment debtor or his agent or attorney, the judgment creditor shall be liable to a fine of $100 and shall pay the filing cost of the release. The entry of satisfaction shall be signed by the creditor or his duly authorized attorney or other agent and be attested by the clerk in whose office the judgment is docketed, or when not docketed, by the clerk from whose office the execution issued; however, the cost of the release shall be paid by the judgment debtor. For any money judgment marked as satisfied pursuant to this section, nothing herein shall satisfy an unexecuted order of possession entered pursuant to § 8.01-126.Code 1950, § 8-382; 1977, c. 617; 1988, c. 420; 2014, c. 274; 2015, cc. 547, 553, 631.
VA Code § 8.01-455 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-455. Court, on motion of defendant, etc., may have payment of judgment entered

A. A defendant in any judgment, his heirs or personal representatives, may, on motion, after ten days' notice thereof to the plaintiff in such judgment, or his assignee, or if he be dead, to his personal representative, or if he be a nonresident, to his attorney, if he have one, apply to the court in which the judgment was rendered, to have the same marked satisfied, and upon proof that the judgment has been paid off or discharged, such court shall order such satisfaction to be recorded in the judgment docket book together with a separate instrument or order discharging the judgment and referencing the judgment docket book and page where the original judgment was entered, and a certificate of such order to be made to the clerk of the court in which such judgment is required by § 8.01-446 to be docketed, and the clerk of such court shall immediately, upon the receipt of such certificate, enter the same in the judgment docket book where such judgment is docketed. If the plaintiff be a nonresident and have no attorney of record residing in this Commonwealth, the notice may be published and posted as an order of publication is required to be published and posted under §§ 8.01-316 and 8.01-317. Upon a like motion and similar proceeding, the court may order that a separate instrument or order be recorded to reflect that a judgment has been "discharged in bankruptcy" for any judgment that may be shown to have been so discharged.B. The cost of such proceedings, including reasonable attorney fees, may be ordered to be paid by the plaintiff.Code 1950, § 8-383; 1977, c. 617; 2014, c. 330.
VA Code § 8.01-456 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-456. Satisfaction of judgment when judgment creditor cannot be located

Whenever a judgment debtor or anyone for him or any party liable on the judgment wishes to pay off and discharge a judgment, of record in any clerk's office in this Commonwealth, when the judgment creditor cannot be located, he may do so by paying into the court having jurisdiction over such judgment an amount sufficient to pay the principal, interest, and all costs due thereupon, together with the cost of entering necessary orders, and other service attendant upon the proceeding herein provided for, and satisfaction upon such judgment. Upon such payment, the court, by an order entered of record shall direct the clerk to deposit the same at interest in any bank which is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and is designated in such order; to file evidence of such deposit in the office of the clerk in an appropriate file and shall be payable to the court entering the order for the benefit of the judgment creditor; and to enter upon the judgment docket, where the judgment is docketed, the date of such deposit, the date of the entry of the order of the court receiving same, referring to the number and page of the order book in which it is entered.The judgment creditor or his attorney may have the money, so paid, to which he is entitled, upon application to the court therefor whenever it may appear to the court that it should be paid to him.From and after the time of such payment, into the court, as aforesaid, the property of the defendant shall be free and clear of any lien created by any such judgment, or any execution issued thereupon.Code 1950, § 8-384; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-457 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-457. Marking satisfied judgments for Commonwealth; payment by third parties releasing recognizances

It shall be the duty of the clerks of the circuit courts of this Commonwealth, upon the payment of any judgment in favor of the Commonwealth by any person or upon the release of any recognizance by court order, to mark the same satisfied upon the judgment lien docket at every place such judgment or recognizance, as the case may be, shall have been recorded upon such lien docket. In marking such recognizance satisfied it shall be the duty of such clerk to refer by marginal reference to the court order, if any, releasing or discharging such recognizance.Code 1950, § 8-385; 1977, c. 617; 1986, c. 132.
VA Code § 8.01-458 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-458. (Effective until January 1, 2022) from what time judgment to be a lien on real estate; docketing revived judgment

Every judgment for money rendered in this Commonwealth by any state or federal court or by confession of judgment, as provided by law, shall be a lien on all the real estate of or to which the defendant in the judgment is or becomes possessed or entitled, from the time such judgment is recorded on the judgment lien docket of the clerk's office of the county or city where such land is situated; provided, however, when a judgment is revived under the provisions of § 8.01-251, that such revived judgment shall not be a lien as prescribed in this section unless and until such judgment is again docketed as provided herein. In such event the lien shall be effective from the date of the original docketing. Any judgment or decree properly docketed under the provisions of this section shall, if the real estate subject to the lien of such judgment has been annexed to or merged with an adjoining city subsequent to such docketing, be deemed to have been docketed in the proper clerk's office of such city.Code 1950, § 8-386; 1954, c. 333; 1960, c. 466; 1964, c. 309; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-458 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-458. (Effective January 1, 2022) from what time judgment to be a lien on real estate; docketing revived judgment

Every judgment for money rendered in this Commonwealth by any state or federal court or by confession of judgment, as provided by law, shall be a lien on all the real estate of or to which the defendant in the judgment is or becomes possessed or entitled, from the time such judgment is recorded on the judgment lien docket of the clerk's office of the county or city where such land is situated; provided, however, when a judgment is revived under the provisions of § 8.01-251, that such revived judgment shall not be a lien as prescribed in this section unless and until such judgment is again docketed as provided herein. In such event the lien shall be effective from the date of the original docketing. Any judgment or decree properly docketed under the provisions of this section shall, if the real estate subject to the lien of such judgment has been annexed to or merged with an adjoining city subsequent to such docketing, be deemed to have been docketed in the proper clerk's office of such city.Code 1950, § 8-386; 1954, c. 333; 1960, c. 466; 1964, c. 309; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-459 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-459. Priority of judgments

Judgments against the same person shall, as among themselves, attach to his real estate, and be payable thereout in the order of the priority of the lien of such judgments, respectively.Code 1950, § 8-387; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-460 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-460. Decree for support and maintenance of spouse or infant children of parties as lien on real estate

A decree, order or judgment for support and maintenance of a spouse or of infant children of the parties payable in future installments or a monetary award for future installments as provided for in § 20-107.3, shall be a lien upon such real estate of the obligor as the court shall, from time to time, designate by order or decree. An order after reasonable notice to the obligor adjudicating that the obligor is delinquent, shall be a lien on the obligor's real estate. Liens under this section shall arise when duly docketed in the manner prescribed for the docketing of other judgments for money; however, no such decree, order or judgment for support and maintenance or for a monetary award in accordance with § 20-107.3 shall be docketed unless so ordered by the court in such decree, order or judgment. On petition by any interested person and after reasonable notice to the obligee, the court in which the obligor was adjudicated delinquent may order the release or other modification of such lien.The lien may also be released upon agreement of all persons for whom support and maintenance is ordered under the decree, order or judgment, provided all such persons are sui juris. The clerk shall note the release on the record upon receipt of an affidavit from all the obligees stating that (i) all the obligees are sui juris and (ii) they agreed to the release of the lien on specified real property. Any lien created pursuant to this section shall expire upon the support obligation being paid in full by the obligor. The clerk may release such liens upon receipt of an affidavit of all the obligees that such support obligation has been paid in full, or upon an order or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction.Code 1950, § 8-388; 1977, c. 617; 1979, c. 496; 1985, c. 529; 1989, c. 8.
VA Code § 8.01-461 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-461. Abstracts of judgments

An abstract of any judgment shall, upon request to the clerk of the court wherein the judgment is rendered, be granted to any person interested immediately upon its rendition, subject to the future action of the court rendering the same.Code 1950, § 8-389; 1977, c. 617; 1982, c. 105.
VA Code § 8.01-462 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-462. Jurisdiction of equity to enforce lien of judgment; when it may decree sale

Jurisdiction to enforce the lien of a judgment shall be in equity. If it appear to the court that the rents and profits of all real estate subject to the lien will not satisfy the judgment in five years, the court may decree such real estate, or any part thereof, to be sold, and the proceeds applied to the discharge of the judgment.Code 1950, § 8-391; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-463 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-463. Enforcement of lien when judgment does not exceed $25,000

If the amount of the judgment does not exceed $25,000, exclusive of interest and costs, no bill to enforce the lien, pursuant to § 8.01-462, thereof shall be entertained if the real estate is the judgment debtor's primary residence.Code 1950, § 8-392; 1977, c. 617; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 91, 92.
VA Code § 8.01-464 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-464. Order of liability between alienees of different parts of estate

When the real estate liable to the lien of a judgment is more than sufficient to satisfy the same, and it, or any part of it, has been aliened, as among the alienees for value, that which was aliened last, shall, in equity, be first liable, and so on with other successive alienations, until the whole judgment is satisfied. And as among alienees who are volunteers under such judgment debtor, the same rule as to the order of liability shall prevail; but as among alienees for value and volunteers, the lands aliened to the latter shall be subjected before the lands aliened to the former are resorted to; and, in either case, any part of such real estate retained by the debtor shall be first liable to the satisfaction of the judgment. An alienee for value, however, from a volunteer shall occupy the same position that he would have occupied had he purchased from the debtor at the time he purchased from the voluntary donee.Code 1950, § 8-395; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-465 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17 - Judgments and Decrees Generally|§ 8.01-465. Chapter embraces recognizances and bonds having force of judgment

The foregoing sections of this chapter, so far as they relate to the docketing of judgments, the entering of satisfaction thereof, and the liens of judgments and enforcement of such liens, shall be construed as embracing recognizances, and bonds having the force of a judgment.Code 1950, § 8-398; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-465.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.1 - Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act|§ 8.01-465.1. Application of chapter

As used in this chapter "foreign judgment" means any judgment, decree, or order of a court of the United States or of any other court which is entitled to full faith and credit in this state.1988, c. 539.
VA Code § 8.01-465.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.1 - Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act|§ 8.01-465.2. Filing and status of foreign judgments

A copy of any foreign judgment authenticated in accordance with the act of Congress or the statutes of this Commonwealth may be filed in the office of the clerk of any circuit court of any city or county of this Commonwealth upon payment of the fee prescribed in subdivision A 17 of § 17.1-275. The clerk shall treat the foreign judgment in the same manner as a judgment of the circuit court of any city or county of this Commonwealth. A judgment so filed has the same effect and is subject to the same procedures, defenses and proceedings for reopening, vacating, or staying as a judgment of a circuit court of any city or county of this Commonwealth and may be enforced or satisfied in like manner.1988, c. 539; 1990, c. 738.
VA Code § 8.01-465.3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.1 - Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act|§ 8.01-465.3. Notice of filing

At the time of the filing of the foreign judgment, the judgment creditor or his lawyer shall make and file with the clerk of court an affidavit setting forth the name and last known post office address of the judgment debtor, and the judgment creditor.Promptly upon the filing of the foreign judgment and the affidavit, the clerk shall mail notice of the filing of the foreign judgment to the judgment debtor at the address given and shall make a note of the mailing in the docket. The notice shall include the name and post office address of the judgment creditor and the judgment creditor's lawyer, if any, in the Commonwealth. In addition, the judgment creditor may mail a notice of the filing of the judgment to the judgment debtor and may file proof of mailing with the clerk. Lack of mailing notice of filing by the clerk shall not affect the enforcement proceedings if proof of mailing by the judgment creditor has been filed.1988, c. 539.
VA Code § 8.01-465.4 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.1 - Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act|§ 8.01-465.4. Stay of enforcement

If the judgment debtor shows the circuit court that an appeal from the foreign judgment is pending or will be taken, or that a stay of execution has been granted, the court shall stay enforcement of the foreign judgment until the appeal is concluded, the time for appeal expires, or the stay of execution expires or is vacated, upon proof that the judgment debtor has furnished the security for the satisfaction of the judgment required by the state in which it was rendered.If the judgment debtor shows the circuit court any ground upon which enforcement of a judgment of any court of this Commonwealth would be stayed, including the ground that an appeal from the foreign judgment is pending or will be taken, or that the time for taking such an appeal has not expired, the court shall stay enforcement of the foreign judgment for an appropriate period until all available appeals are concluded or the time for taking all appeals has expired, upon requiring the same security for satisfaction of the judgment which is required in this Commonwealth, subject to the provisions of subsections J and K of § 8.01-676.1.1988, c. 539; 2000, c. 100.
VA Code § 8.01-465.5 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.1 - Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act|§ 8.01-465.5. Optional procedure

The right of a judgment creditor to bring an action to enforce his judgment instead of proceeding under this chapter remains unimpaired.1988, c. 539.
VA Code § 8.01-465.13:1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.2 - Uniform Foreign-Country Money Judgments Recognition Act|§ 8.01-465.13:1. Definitions

As used in this chapter:"Foreign country" means a government other than any of the following: the United States; a state, district, commonwealth, territory, or insular possession of the United States; or a government with regard to which the decision in the Commonwealth as to whether to recognize a judgment of that government's courts is initially subject to determination under the Full Faith and Credit Clause of the United States Constitution."Foreign-country judgment" means a judgment of a court of a foreign country.2014, c. 462.
VA Code § 8.01-465.13:2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.2 - Uniform Foreign-Country Money Judgments Recognition Act|§ 8.01-465.13:2. Applicability

A. Except as otherwise provided in subsection B, this chapter applies to a foreign-country judgment to the extent that the judgment:1. Grants or denies recovery of a sum of money; and2. Under the law of the foreign country where rendered, is final, conclusive, and enforceable.B. This chapter does not apply to a foreign-country judgment, even if the judgment grants or denies recovery of a sum of money, to the extent that the judgment is:1. A judgment for taxes;2. A fine or other penalty; or3. A judgment for divorce, support, or maintenance, or other judgment rendered in connection with domestic relations.C. A party seeking recognition of a foreign-country judgment has the burden of establishing that this chapter applies to the foreign-country judgment.2014, c. 462.
VA Code § 8.01-465.13:3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 17.2 - Uniform Foreign-Country Money Judgments Recognition Act|§ 8.01-465.13:3. Standards for recognition of foreign-country judgment

A. Except as otherwise provided in subsections B and C, a court of the Commonwealth shall recognize a foreign-country judgment to which this chapter applies.B. A court of the Commonwealth shall not recognize a foreign-country judgment if:1. The judgment was rendered under a judicial system that does not provide impartial tribunals or procedures compatible with the requirements of due process of law;2. The foreign court did not have personal jurisdiction over the defendant; or3. The foreign court did not have jurisdiction over the subject matter.C. A court of the Commonwealth need not recognize a foreign-country judgment if:1. The defendant in the proceeding in the foreign court did not receive notice of the proceeding in sufficient time to enable the defendant to defend;2. The judgment was obtained by fraud that deprived the losing party of an adequate opportunity to present its case;3. The judgment or the cause of action on which the judgment is based is repugnant to the public policy of the Commonwealth or of the United States;4. The judgment conflicts with another final and conclusive judgment;5. The proceeding in the foreign court was contrary to an agreement between the parties under which the dispute in question was to be determined otherwise than by proceedings in that foreign court;6. In the case of jurisdiction based only on personal service, the foreign court was a seriously inconvenient forum for the trial of the action;7. The judgment was rendered in circumstances that raise substantial doubt about the integrity of the rendering court with respect to the judgment; or8. The specific proceeding in the foreign court leading to the judgment was not compatible with the requirements of due process of law.D. A party resisting recognition of a foreign-country judgment has the burden of establishing that a ground for nonrecognition stated in subsection B or C exists.2014, c. 462.