reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
FL Stat § 316.151 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.151 - Required Position and Method of Turning at Intersections.

316.151 Required position and method of turning at intersections.—(1)(a) Right turn.—The driver of a vehicle intending to turn right at an intersection onto a highway, public or private roadway, or driveway must:1. Make both the approach for a right turn and a right turn as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway.2. When overtaking and passing a bicycle proceeding in the same direction, give an appropriate signal as provided for in s. 316.156 and make the right turn only if the bicycle is at least 20 feet from the intersection, and is of such a distance that the driver of a vehicle may safely turn.(b) Left turn.—1. The driver of a vehicle intending to turn left at an intersection onto a highway, public or private roadway, or driveway must approach the intersection in the extreme left-hand lane lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of travel of such vehicle and must make the left turn so as to leave the intersection in a lane lawfully available to traffic moving in such direction upon the roadway being entered.2. A person riding a bicycle and intending to turn left in accordance with this section is entitled to the full use of the lane from which the turn may legally be made. The person must:a. Whenever practicable, make the left turn in that portion of the intersection to the left of the center of the intersection; orb. Approach the turn as close as practicable to the right curb or edge of the roadway; after proceeding across the intersecting roadway, make the turn as close as practicable to the curb or edge of the roadway on the far side of the intersection; and, before proceeding, comply with any official traffic control device or police officer regulating traffic on the highway along which the person intends to proceed.(2) The state, county, and local authorities in their respective jurisdictions may cause official traffic control devices to be placed within or adjacent to intersections and thereby require and direct that a different course from that specified in this section be traveled by vehicles turning at an intersection. When such devices are so placed, a driver of a vehicle may not turn a vehicle at an intersection other than as directed and required by such devices.(3) A person who violates this section commits a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 3, ch. 83-68; s. 309, ch. 95-148; s. 125, ch. 99-248; s. 4, ch. 2021-180.
FL Stat § 316.1515 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.1515 - Limitations on Turning Around.

316.1515 Limitations on turning around.—The driver of any vehicle shall not turn the vehicle so as to proceed in the opposite direction upon any street unless such movement can be made in safety and without interfering with other traffic and unless such movement is not prohibited by posted traffic control signs. A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 76-31; s. 1, ch. 80-337; s. 126, ch. 99-248.Note.—Former s. 316.153.
FL Stat § 316.152 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.152 - Turning on Curve or Crest of Grade Prohibited.

316.152 Turning on curve or crest of grade prohibited.—No vehicle shall be turned so as to proceed in the opposite direction upon any curve, or upon the approach to, or near, the crest of a grade, where such vehicle cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle approaching from either direction within 500 feet. A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 127, ch. 99-248.
FL Stat § 316.154 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.154 - Starting Parked Vehicle.

316.154 Starting parked vehicle.—No person shall start a vehicle which is stopped, standing, or parked, unless and until such movement can be made with reasonable safety. A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 128, ch. 99-248.
FL Stat § 316.155 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.155 - When Signal Required.

316.155 When signal required.—(1) No person may turn a vehicle from a direct course or move right or left upon a highway unless and until such movement can be made with reasonable safety, and then only after giving an appropriate signal in the manner hereinafter provided, in the event any other vehicle may be affected by the movement.(2) A signal of intention to turn right or left must be given continuously during not less than the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before turning, except that such a signal by hand or arm need not be given continuously by a bicyclist if the hand is needed in the control or operation of the bicycle.(3) No person may stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle without first giving an appropriate signal in the manner provided herein to the driver of any vehicle immediately to the rear, when there is opportunity to give such signal.(4) The signals provided for in s. 316.156 shall be used to indicate an intention to turn, to overtake, or to pass a vehicle and may not, except as provided in s. 316.2397, be flashed on one side only on a parked or disabled vehicle or flashed as a courtesy or “do pass” signal to operators of other vehicles approaching from the rear.(5) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 16, ch. 76-31; s. 4, ch. 83-68; s. 129, ch. 99-248; s. 4, ch. 2005-164.
FL Stat § 316.156 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.156 - Signals by Hand and Arm or Signal Lamps.

316.156 Signals by hand and arm or signal lamps.—(1) Any stop or turn signal when required herein shall be given either by means of the hand and arm or by signal lamps, except as otherwise provided in subsection (2).(2) Any motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with, and required signal shall be given by, signal lamps when the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the left outside limit of the body, cab or load of such motor vehicle exceeds 24 inches, or when the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of the body or load thereof exceeds 14 feet. The latter measurement shall apply to any single vehicle and also to any combination of vehicles.(3) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable pursuant to chapter 318 as either a moving violation for infractions of subsection (1) or as a nonmoving violation for infractions of subsection (2).History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 130, ch. 99-248.
FL Stat § 316.157 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.157 - Method of Giving Hand and Arm Signals.

316.157 Method of giving hand and arm signals.—(1) All signals herein required to be given by hand and arm shall be given from the left side of the vehicle in the following manner and such signals shall indicate as follows:(a) Left turn.—Hand and arm extended horizontally.(b) Right turn.—Hand and arm extended upward, except that a bicyclist may extend the right hand and arm horizontally to the right side of the bicycle.(c) Stop or decrease speed.—Hand and arm extended downward.(2) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 2, ch. 85-309; s. 131, ch. 99-248.
FL Stat § 316.1575 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.1575 - Obedience to Traffic Control Devices at Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings.

316.1575 Obedience to traffic control devices at railroad-highway grade crossings.—(1) Any person walking or driving a vehicle and approaching a railroad-highway grade crossing under any of the circumstances stated in this section shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail of such railroad and shall not proceed until he or she can do so safely. The foregoing requirements apply when:(a) A clearly visible electric or mechanical signal device gives warning of the immediate approach of a railroad train;(b) A crossing gate is lowered or a law enforcement officer or a human flagger gives or continues to give a signal of the approach or passage of a railroad train;(c) An approaching railroad train emits an audible signal or the railroad train, by reason of its speed or nearness to the crossing, is an immediate hazard; or(d) An approaching railroad train is plainly visible and is in hazardous proximity to the railroad-highway grade crossing, regardless of the type of traffic control devices installed at the crossing.(2) No person shall drive any vehicle through, around, or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad-highway grade crossing while the gate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed.(3) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable pursuant to chapter 318 as either a pedestrian violation or, if the infraction resulted from the operation of a vehicle, as a moving violation.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 76-31; s. 6, ch. 86-243; s. 310, ch. 95-148; s. 132, ch. 99-248; s. 2, ch. 2008-176.Note.—Former s. 316.054.
FL Stat § 316.1576 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.1576 - Insufficient Clearance at a Railroad-Highway Grade Crossing.

316.1576 Insufficient clearance at a railroad-highway grade crossing.—(1) A person may not drive any vehicle through a railroad-highway grade crossing that does not have sufficient space to drive completely through the crossing without stopping.(2) A person may not drive any vehicle through a railroad-highway grade crossing that does not have sufficient undercarriage clearance to drive completely through the crossing without stopping.(3) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 30, ch. 2005-164.
FL Stat § 316.1577 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.1577 - Employer Responsibility for Violations Pertaining to Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings.

316.1577 Employer responsibility for violations pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossings.—(1) An employer may not knowingly allow, require, permit, or authorize a driver to operate a commercial motor vehicle in violation of a federal, state, or local law or rule pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossings.(2) A person who violates subsection (1) is subject to a civil penalty of not more than $10,000.History.—s. 31, ch. 2005-164.
FL Stat § 316.159 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.159 - Certain Vehicles to Stop or Slow at All Railroad Grade Crossings.

316.159 Certain vehicles to stop or slow at all railroad grade crossings.—(1) The driver of any motor vehicle carrying passengers for hire, excluding taxicabs, of any school bus carrying any school child, or of any vehicle carrying explosive substances or flammable liquids as a cargo or part of a cargo, before crossing at grade any track or tracks of a railroad, shall stop such vehicle within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad and, while so stopped, shall listen and look in both directions along the track for any approaching train, and for signals indicating the approach of a train, except as hereinafter provided, and shall not proceed until he or she can do so safely. After stopping as required herein and upon proceeding when it is safe to do so, the driver of any such vehicle shall cross only in a gear of the vehicle so that there will be no necessity for changing gears while traversing the crossing, and the driver shall not shift gears while crossing the track or tracks.(2) No stop need be made at any such crossing where a police officer, a traffic control signal, or a sign directs traffic to proceed. However, any school bus carrying any school child shall be required to stop unless directed to proceed by a police officer.(3) The driver of any commercial motor vehicle that is not required to stop under subsection (1) or subsection (2) shall slow the motor vehicle before crossing the tracks of any railroad grade crossing and check that the tracks are clear of an approaching train.(4) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 78-52; s. 311, ch. 95-148; s. 133, ch. 99-248; s. 4, ch. 2010-223.
FL Stat § 316.170 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.170 - Moving Heavy Equipment at Railroad Grade Crossings.

316.170 Moving heavy equipment at railroad grade crossings.—(1) No person shall operate or move any crawler-type tractor, steam shovel, derrick, or roller, or any equipment or structure having a normal operating speed of 10 or less miles per hour or a vertical body or load clearance of less than 1/2 inch per foot of the distance between any two adjacent axles or in any event of less than 9 inches, measured above the level surface of a roadway, upon or across any tracks at a railroad grade crossing without first complying with this section.(2) Notice of any such intended crossing shall be given to a station agent or other proper authority of the railroad, and a reasonable time shall be given to the railroad to provide proper protection at the crossing.(3) Before making any such crossing the person operating or moving any such vehicle or equipment shall first stop the same not less than 15 feet nor more than 50 feet from the nearest rail of the railroad and while so stopped shall listen and look in both directions along the track for any approaching train and for signals indicating the approach of a train, and shall not proceed until the crossing can be made safely.(4) No such crossing shall be made when warning is being given by automatic signal or crossing gates or a flagger or otherwise of the immediate approach of a railroad train or car. If a flagger is provided by the railroad, movement over the crossing shall be under his or her direction.(5) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 76-31; s. 312, ch. 95-148; s. 134, ch. 99-248.Note.—Former s. 316.055.
FL Stat § 316.171 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.171 - Traffic Control Devices at Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings.

316.171 Traffic control devices at railroad-highway grade crossings.—Every railroad company operating or leasing any track intersecting a public road at grade and upon which railroad trains are operated shall erect traffic control devices that are necessary to conform with the requirements of the uniform system of traffic control devices adopted pursuant to s. 316.0745. This section does not require the railroad company to erect those devices, such as pavement markings and advance warning signs, which are the responsibility of the governmental entity having jurisdiction over or maintenance responsibility for the public road. Any change in the design of a traffic control device in the uniform system of traffic control devices applies only at new installations and at locations where replacements of existing devices are being made.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 76-31; s. 7, ch. 86-243.Note.—Former s. 316.137.
FL Stat § 316.172 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.172 - Traffic to Stop for School Bus.

316.172 Traffic to stop for school bus.—(1)(a) Any person using, operating, or driving a vehicle on or over the roads or highways of this state shall, upon approaching any school bus which displays a stop signal, bring such vehicle to a full stop while the bus is stopped, and the vehicle shall not pass the school bus until the signal has been withdrawn. A person who violates this section commits a moving violation, punishable as provided in chapter 318.(b) Any person using, operating, or driving a vehicle that passes a school bus on the side that children enter and exit when the school bus displays a stop signal commits a moving violation, punishable as provided in chapter 318, and is subject to a mandatory hearing under the provisions of s. 318.19.(2) The driver of a vehicle upon a divided highway with an unpaved space of at least 5 feet, a raised median, or a physical barrier is not required to stop when traveling in the opposite direction of a school bus which is stopped in accordance with the provisions of this section.(3) Every school bus shall stop as far to the right of the street as possible and shall display warning lights and stop signals as required by rules of the State Board of Education before discharging or loading passengers. When possible, a school bus shall not stop where the visibility is obscured for a distance of 200 feet either way from the bus.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 76-31; s. 89, ch. 77-104; s. 3, ch. 85-309; s. 1, ch. 87-167; s. 23, ch. 95-143; s. 19, ch. 96-350; s. 1, ch. 97-10.Note.—Former s. 316.139.
FL Stat § 316.183 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.183 - Unlawful Speed.

316.183 Unlawful speed.—(1) No person shall drive a vehicle on a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions and having regard to the actual and potential hazards then existing. In every event, speed shall be controlled as may be necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle, or other conveyance or object on or entering the highway in compliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care.(2) On all streets or highways, the maximum speed limits for all vehicles must be 30 miles per hour in business or residence districts, and 55 miles per hour at any time at all other locations. However, with respect to a residence district, a county or municipality may set a maximum speed limit of 20 or 25 miles per hour on local streets and highways after an investigation determines that such a limit is reasonable. It is not necessary to conduct a separate investigation for each residence district. The minimum speed limit on all highways that comprise a part of the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways and have not fewer than four lanes is 40 miles per hour, except that when the posted speed limit is 70 miles per hour, the minimum speed limit is 50 miles per hour.(3) A school bus may not exceed the posted speed limits at any time.(4) The driver of every vehicle shall, consistent with the requirements of subsection (1), drive at an appropriately reduced speed when:(a) Approaching and crossing an intersection or railway grade crossing;(b) Approaching and going around a curve;(c) Approaching a hill crest;(d) Traveling upon any narrow or winding roadway; and(e) Any special hazard exists with respect to pedestrians or other traffic or by reason of weather or highway conditions.(5) No person shall drive a motor vehicle at such a slow speed as to impede or block the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.(6) No driver of a vehicle shall exceed the posted maximum speed limit in a work zone area.(7) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 1, ch. 76-159; s. 3, ch. 76-218; s. 3, ch. 76-286; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 6, ch. 87-161; s. 2, ch. 88-47; s. 5, ch. 88-91; s. 4, ch. 88-93; s. 21, ch. 90-227; s. 17, ch. 94-306; s. 20, ch. 96-350; s. 135, ch. 99-248; s. 32, ch. 2005-164; s. 5, ch. 2012-181.
FL Stat § 316.185 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.185 - Special Hazards.

316.185 Special hazards.—The fact that the speed of a vehicle is lower than the prescribed limits shall not relieve the driver from the duty to decrease speed when approaching and crossing an intersection, when approaching and going around a curve, when approaching a hill crest, when traveling upon any narrow or winding roadway, or when special hazards exist or may exist with respect to pedestrians or other traffic or by reason of weather or other roadway conditions, and speed shall be decreased as may be necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle, or other conveyance on or entering the street in compliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care. A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as a moving violation as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; s. 136, ch. 99-248.
FL Stat § 316.187 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXIII - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 316 - State Uniform Traffic Control|316.187 - Establishment of State Speed Zones.

316.187 Establishment of state speed zones.—(1) Whenever the Department of Transportation determines, upon the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation, that any speed is greater or less than is reasonable or safe under the conditions found to exist at any intersection or other place, or upon any part of a highway outside of a municipality or upon any state roads, connecting links or extensions thereof within a municipality, the Department of Transportation may determine and declare a reasonable and safe speed limit thereat which shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected at the intersection or other place or part of the highway.(2)(a) The maximum allowable speed limit on limited access highways is 70 miles per hour.(b) The maximum allowable speed limit on any other highway which is outside an urban area of 5,000 or more persons and which has at least four lanes divided by a median strip is 65 miles per hour.(c) The Department of Transportation is authorized to set such maximum and minimum speed limits for travel over other roadways under its authority as it deems safe and advisable, not to exceed as a maximum limit 60 miles per hour.(3) Violation of the speed limits established under this section must be cited as a moving violation, punishable as provided in chapter 318.History.—s. 1, ch. 71-135; ss. 1, 18, ch. 76-31; s. 1, ch. 76-218; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 1, ch. 87-352; s. 9, ch. 93-164; s. 47, ch. 96-323; s. 21, ch. 96-350.Note.—Former s. 316.181.