reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
42 PA Cons Stat § 8526 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8526 - Counterclaim by the Commonwealth

§ 8526. Counterclaim by the Commonwealth. In any action initiated under this subchapter, the Commonwealth may set forth any cause of action or set-off which it has against the plaintiff. A counterclaim need not diminish or defeat the relief demanded by the plaintiff. It may demand relief exceeding in amount or different in kind from that demanded by the plaintiff.    Cross References. Section 8526 is referred to in section 1711 of Title 74 (Transportation).
42 PA Cons Stat § 8527 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8527 - Indemnity relating to inmate health care

§ 8527. Indemnity relating to inmate health care. The Commonwealth shall indemnify against liability a municipal corporation for a claim against the municipal corporation arising from an act or omission of the municipal corporation, its officials, its employees or agents when participating in a program for the provision of medical treatment in a health care facility to inmates from a Commonwealth correctional facility pursuant to a program authorized by the Department of Corrections. This indemnification shall not extend to claims of medical malpractice against any person nor to claims against the health care facility, its employees or agents nor to claims against the municipal corporation that are the result of gross negligence, wanton and reckless acts or intentional misconduct by the municipal corporation, its officials, employees or agents.   (Feb. 12, 1992, P.L.1, No.1, eff. imd.)   1992 Amendment. Act 1 added section 8527.  Cross References. Section 8527 is referred to in section 1711 of Title 74 (Transportation).
42 PA Cons Stat § 8528 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8528 - Limitations on damages

§ 8528. Limitations on damages. (a) General rule.--Actions for which damages are limited by reference to this subchapter shall be limited as set forth in this section.  (b) Amount recoverable.--Damages arising from the same cause of action or transaction or occurrence or series of causes of action or transactions or occurrences shall not exceed $250,000 in favor of any plaintiff or $1,000,000 in the aggregate.  (c) Types of damages recoverable.--Damages shall be recoverable only for:  (1) Past and future loss of earnings and earning capacity. (2) Pain and suffering. (3) Medical and dental expenses including the reasonable value of reasonable and necessary medical and dental services, prosthetic devices and necessary ambulance, hospital, professional nursing, and physical therapy expenses accrued and anticipated in the diagnosis, care and recovery of the claimant.  (4) Loss of consortium. (5) Property losses, except that property losses shall not be recoverable in claims brought pursuant to section 8522(b)(5) (relating to exceptions to sovereign immunity).  (d) Exclusions.--This section shall not apply to damages awarded under section 8522(b)(10).  (Nov. 26, 2019, P.L.641, No.87, eff. Nov. 26, 2019)   2019 Amendment. Act 87 amended subsec. (c)(5) and added subsec. (d). See sections 9 and 10(3) of Act 87 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to severability and applicability.  Cross References. Section 8528 is referred to in section 8522 of this title; section 1711 of Title 74 (Transportation).
42 PA Cons Stat § 8553 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8553 - Limitations on damages

§ 8553. Limitations on damages. (a) General rule.--Actions for which damages are limited by reference to this subchapter shall be limited as set forth in this section.  (b) Amounts recoverable.--Damages arising from the same cause of action or transaction or occurrence or series of causes of action or transactions or occurrences shall not exceed $500,000 in the aggregate.  (c) Types of losses recognized.--Damages shall be recoverable only for:  (1) Past and future loss of earnings and earning capacity. (2) Pain and suffering in the following instances: (i) death; or (ii) only in cases of permanent loss of a bodily function, permanent disfigurement or permanent dismemberment where the medical and dental expenses referred to in paragraph (3) are in excess of $1,500.  (3) Medical and dental expenses including the reasonable value of reasonable and necessary medical and dental services, prosthetic devices and necessary ambulance, hospital, professional nursing, and physical therapy expenses accrued and anticipated in the diagnosis, care and recovery of the claimant.  (4) Loss of consortium. (5) Loss of support. (6) Property losses. (d) Insurance benefits.--If a claimant receives or is entitled to receive benefits under a policy of insurance other than a life insurance policy as a result of losses for which damages are recoverable under subsection (c), the amount of such benefits shall be deducted from the amount of damages which would otherwise be recoverable by such claimant.  (e) Exclusions.--This section shall not apply to damages awarded under section 8542(b)(9) (relating to exceptions to governmental immunity).  (Nov. 26, 2019, P.L.641, No.87, eff. Nov. 26, 2019)   2019 Amendment. Act 87 added subsec. (e). See sections 9 and 10(3) of Act 87 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to severability and applicability.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8541 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8541 - Governmental immunity generally

§ 8541. Governmental immunity generally. Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, no local agency shall be liable for any damages on account of any injury to a person or property caused by any act of the local agency or an employee thereof or any other person.    Cross References. Section 8541 is referred to in section 8542 of this title.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8545 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8545 - Official liability generally

§ 8545. Official liability generally. An employee of a local agency is liable for civil damages on account of any injury to a person or property caused by acts of the employee which are within the scope of his office or duties only to the same extent as his employing local agency and subject to the limitations imposed by this subchapter.    Cross References. Section 8545 is referred to in sections 8550, 8557 of this title.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8546 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8546 - Defense of official immunity

§ 8546. Defense of official immunity. In any action brought against an employee of a local agency for damages on account of an injury to a person or property based upon claims arising from, or reasonably related to, the office or the performance of the duties of the employee, the employee may assert on his own behalf, or the local agency may assert on his behalf:  (1) Defenses which are available at common law to the employee. (2) The defense that the conduct of the employee which gave rise to the claim was authorized or required by law, or that he in good faith reasonably believed the conduct was authorized or required by law.  (3) The defense that the act of the employee which gave rise to the claim was within the policymaking discretion granted to the employee by law. For purposes of this subsection, all acts of members of the governing body of a local agency or of the chief executive officer thereof are deemed to be within the policymaking discretion granted to such person by law.    Cross References. Section 8546 is referred to in sections 8542, 8550 of this title.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8547 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8547 - Legal assistance

 § 8547. Legal assistance. (a) Mandatory provision of legal assistance generally.--When an action is brought against an employee of a local agency for damages on account of an injury to a person or property, and it is alleged that the act of the employee which gave rise to the claim was within the scope of the office or duties of the employee, the local agency shall, upon the written request of the employee, defend the action, unless or until there is a judicial determination that such act was not within the scope of the office or duties of the employee.  (b) Optional provision of legal assistance generally.--When an action is brought against an employee of a local agency for damages on account of an injury to a person or property, and it is not alleged that the act of the employee which gave rise to the claim was within the scope of his office or duties, the local agency may, upon the written request of the employee, defend the action, and such undertaking to defend thereafter may be withdrawn only with the approval of the court. If the local agency has refused a written request to defend the action, and it is judicially determined that the act was, or that the employee in good faith reasonably believed that such act was, within the scope of the office or duties of the employee and did not constitute a crime, actual fraud, actual malice or willful misconduct, the local agency shall reimburse the employee for the expenses of his legal defense in such amounts as shall be determined to be reasonable by the court.  (c) Control of litigation.--When, pursuant to subsection (a) or subsection (b), the local agency defends an action against an employee thereof at the request of the employee, it may assume exclusive control of the defense of the employee, keeping him advised with respect thereto, and the employee shall cooperate fully with the defense, except that in situations where the legal counsel provided by the local agency determines that the interests of the employee and the local agency conflict, the local agency shall obtain the express written consent of the employee for such interested representation or shall supply independent representation.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8548 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8548 - Indemnity

 § 8548. Indemnity. (a) Indemnity by local agency generally.--When an action is brought against an employee of a local agency for damages on account of an injury to a person or property, and he has given timely prior written notice to the local agency, and it is judicially determined that an act of the employee caused the injury and such act was, or that the employee in good faith reasonably believed that such act was, within the scope of his office or duties, the local agency shall indemnify the employee for the payment of any judgment on the suit.  (b) Indemnity by employee generally.--No employee of a local agency shall be liable to the local agency for any surcharge, contribution, indemnity or reimbursement for any liability incurred by the local agency for damages on account of an injury to a person or property caused by an act of the employee which was within the scope of his office or duties or which he in good faith reasonably believed to be within the scope of his office or duties. No employee of a local agency shall be liable to the local agency for any surcharge, contribution, indemnity or reimbursement for any expenses or legal fees incurred by the local agency while defending the employee against a claim for damages on account of an injury to a person or property caused by an act of the employee.  (c) Cooperation.--In any action against a local agency or an employee thereof for damages on account of an injury caused by the act of the employee in which action the employee has not fully cooperated with the local agency in the defense of the action, the provisions of subsection (b) shall not apply.    Cross References. Section 8548 is referred to in section 8550 of this title.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8549 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8549 - Limitation on damages

§ 8549. Limitation on damages. In any action brought against an employee of a local agency for damages on account of an injury to a person or property in which it is judicially determined that the act of the employee caused the injury and that such act was, or that the employee in good faith reasonably believed that such act was, within the scope of his office or duties, damages shall be recoverable only within the limits set forth in this subchapter.    Cross References. Section 8549 is referred to in section 8550 of this title.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8550 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8550 - Willful misconduct

§ 8550. Willful misconduct. In any action against a local agency or employee thereof for damages on account of an injury caused by the act of the employee in which it is judicially determined that the act of the employee caused the injury and that such act constituted a crime, actual fraud, actual malice or willful misconduct, the provisions of sections 8545 (relating to official liability generally), 8546 (relating to defense of official immunity), 8548 (relating to indemnity) and 8549 (relating to limitation on damages) shall not apply.    Cross References. Section 8550 is referred to in section 4352 of Title 23 (Domestic Relations).
42 PA Cons Stat § 8557 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8557 - Judgment as a bar

§ 8557. Judgment as a bar. The judgment in an action cognizable under section 8545 (relating to official liability generally) shall constitute a complete bar to any action by the claimant, by reason of the same subject matter, against the local agency of which the defendant in such action is an employee. The judgment in an action under section 8542 (relating to exceptions to governmental immunity) shall constitute a complete bar to any action by the claimant, by reason of the same subject matter, against the employee whose act gave rise to the claim.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8558 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8558 - Judgments against insured local agency

§ 8558. Judgments against insured local agency. If the judgment is obtained against a local agency that has procured a contract or policy of public liability insurance protection, the holder of the judgment may use the methods of collecting the judgment as are provided by the policy or contract and the laws of the Commonwealth to the extent of the limits of coverage provided.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8559 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8559 - Judgments against self-insured local agency and those not fully insured

§ 8559. Judgments against self-insured local agency and those not fully insured. For the payment of any judgment obtained under the provisions of this subchapter against a local agency that is a self-insurer or not fully covered by liability insurance, the manner of paying a money judgment shall be based upon a proof of indebtedness or evidence of any estimated tax levy necessary for payment of the judgment and any other evidence or statements which the court of original jurisdiction may require. As an alternative to paying the money judgment in this manner, the court may provide for the judgment to be paid over a period of not less than one nor more than ten years. The interest rate on any judgment where payment is extended more than three years shall be at the rate prescribed by law for the first three years and at the rate of 6% for each remaining year.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8563 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8563 - General powers of local agencies

 § 8563. General powers of local agencies. (a) Rules and regulations.--A local agency may promulgate rules and regulations not inconsistent with this subchapter in order to implement the intent of this subchapter.  (b) Delegation of duties.--Any duties placed upon a local agency under the provisions of this subchapter may be delegated to an independent contractor by a written agreement.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8564 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 85 - Matters Affecting Government Units|Section 8564 - Liability insurance and self-insurance

§ 8564. Liability insurance and self-insurance. (a) Purchase of liability insurance.--A local agency may purchase insurance on itself or its employees for any liability arising from the performance of their duties within the scope of their employment.  (b) Employment of risk manager.--A local agency may employ a professional risk manager whose responsibility it shall be to administer a public liability insurance program for the local agency and initiate any risk management program for the local agency and its employees.  (c) Joint action by local agency.--Any two or more local agencies may join together, enter into any agreements or jointly contract for the development of a group risk management program either through the provisions of the act of July 12, 1972 (P.L.762, No.180), referred to as the Intergovernmental Cooperation Law, or any other applicable statute. Any two or more local agencies may join together, enter into any agreements or jointly contract for the purchasing of public liability insurance. Any two or more local agencies may pool their public liability insurance risks through the provisions of the act of July 12, 1972 (P.L.762, No.180) or any other applicable statute.  (d) Insurance pooling and coinsurance.--The pooling of insurance risks, reserves, claims or losses shall not be construed to be transacting insurance nor otherwise subject local agencies to the provisions of statutes regulating insurance or insurance companies. Local agencies may be coinsured under a master policy and the total premium may be prorated among the local agencies. Any county may undertake a group risk management program or public liability insurance program on behalf of itself and any other local agencies covered by this subchapter within the county that wish to voluntarily participate in the programs.  (e) Self-insurance.--Any local agency may self-insure which must be funded on an annual basis by appropriations to establish a reserve for self-insurance purposes.    References in Text. The act of July 12, 1972, P.L.762, No.180, referred to as the Intergovernmental Cooperation Law, referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by the act of December 19, 1996, P.L.1158, No.177. The subject matter is now contained in Subchapter A of Chapter 23 of Title 53 (Municipalities Generally).  Cross References. Section 8564 is referred to in sections 5602, 8002 of Title 53 (Municipalities Generally).
42 PA Cons Stat § 8701 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 87 - General Provisions|Section 8701 - Interpreters for the deaf (Deleted by amendment)

 § 8701. Interpreters for the deaf (Deleted by amendment).   2006 Amendment. Section 8701 was deleted by amendment Nov. 29, 2006, P.L.1538, No.172, effective in 60 days.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8702 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 87 - General Provisions|Section 8702 - Impaneling jury from another county

 § 8702. Impaneling jury from another county. (a) General rule.--If, upon motion and following a hearing, the court of common pleas determines that a fair and impartial jury cannot be impaneled in the county where the criminal complaint is filed, as an alternative to issuing an order for a change of venue the court may direct that jurors be impaneled from another county. The order for impanelment of a jury from another county shall be certified forthwith to the Supreme Court which shall designate and notify the county of impanelment.  (b) Impanelment and transportation.--The jury shall be impaneled as in other cases in the county where the jury is to be impaneled and transported to the county where the complaint is filed.  (c) Payment of costs.--All costs incurred under this section shall be paid by the county where the complaint is filed.  (d) Change of venue powers unaffected.--This section does not lessen the power of the court of common pleas to order a change of venue.   (Apr. 1, 1980, P.L.62, No.25, eff. imd.)   1980 Amendment. Act 25 added section 8702.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8703 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 87 - General Provisions|Section 8703 - Arraignment

 § 8703. Arraignment. (a) General rule.--The arraignment of the defendant may be satisfied, in the discretion of the court, either by the physical appearance of the defendant before the court or by two-way electronic audio-video communication. The audio-video communication must operate so that the defendant and the judge can see each other simultaneously and converse with each other. If the defendant has counsel, the defendant shall be allowed to communicate fully and confidentially with his attorney during the proceeding. A judge may order the defendant to physically appear in court for the arraignment.  (b) Court rules.--Except for the provisions of this section, arraignments shall be in the form and in the manner as provided by court rule.   (June 11, 1998, P.L.463, No.67, eff. 60 days)   1998 Amendment. Act 67 added section 8703.
42 PA Cons Stat § 8721 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE|Chapter 87 - General Provisions|Section 8721 - Definitions

§ 8721. Definitions. The following words and phrases when used in this subchapter shall have, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the meanings given to them in this section:  "Confidential information." Any records, files, data or information, withheld as confidential, whether pursuant to statute or otherwise, by any Commonwealth agency from the Attorney General, a district attorney, the Pennsylvania Crime Commission or a committee or subcommittee of either House of the General Assembly having subpoena power to investigate criminal activity. The term shall not include personal income tax information or the investigative or intelligence files of the State Police, the Attorney General or the Pennsylvania Crime Commission.  "Crime Commission." The Pennsylvania Crime Commission existing under the act of October 4, 1978 (P.L.876, No.169), known as the "Pennsylvania Crime Commission Act."