reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 16-226 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 282 - Railroad and Railway Bonds and Mortgages|Section 16-226 - Administration expenses.

 The expenses of operating such railroad or other property, including repairs and all other reasonable expenses of the trustee, and any damages incurred for any injury sustained during the time of his execution of such trust, and all claims secured by any prior mortgages or encumbrances which have become payable before or during said time, and also a reasonable compensation to be allowed to the trustee by the Superior Court, shall be deducted from the earnings of the road, before any part of such earnings is paid to the creditors.(1949 Rev., S. 5637.)
CT Gen Stat § 16-227 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 282 - Railroad and Railway Bonds and Mortgages|Section 16-227 - Purchasers under foreclosure may reorganize corporation. Certificate.

 Whenever the property and franchises of any railroad company have been sold pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction, in a suit for the enforcement of foreclosure of a mortgage on such railroad, the purchaser or purchasers at such sale, or his or their grantees and their associates and successors, if they desire to continue the operation of such railroad, shall, upon filing in the office of the Secretary of the State the certificate herein provided for, be a corporation by the name designated in such certificate, with power to hold, use, maintain and operate such railroad, with all the powers enjoyed by railroad companies under the laws of this state. Such certificate shall be signed, sealed and acknowledged by the persons who have acquired such property and franchises, or a majority of them, and shall set forth: (1) The name of the corporation; (2) the names of such persons, not less than twenty-five in number, as have associated themselves together for the organization of such corporation, and the names of the persons who compose the first board of directors; (3) the amount of capital stock and the number of shares into which the same is divided; (4) the owners of such shares at the date of filing such certificate. The amount of such capital stock shall not exceed the total value of the railroad together with its franchises, which value shall be determined by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority. The first board of directors shall adopt bylaws relating to the management of the affairs of the corporation, which bylaws may be amended by the stockholders.(1949 Rev., S. 5638; P.A. 75-486, S. 1, 69; P.A. 77-614, S. 162, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 99, 348; P.A. 11-80, S. 1.)History: P.A. 75-486 replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority; P.A. 77-614 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 made division an independent department and deleted reference to abolished department of business regulation; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Department of Public Utility Control” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Public Utilities Regulatory Authority”, effective July 1, 2011.
CT Gen Stat § 16-228 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-228 - Telephone lines.

 Subject to the restrictions of sections 16-18 and 16-248, each telephone company may construct and maintain telephone lines, upon any highway or across any waters in this state, by the erection and maintenance of the necessary fixtures, including posts, piers or abutments, for sustaining wires; but the same shall not be so constructed as to incommode public travel or navigation or injure any tree without the consent of the owner, nor shall such company construct any bridge across any waters. Such lines shall be personal property.(1949 Rev., S. 5639; P.A. 85-187, S. 9, 15; P.A. 13-5, S. 6; P.A. 14-134, S. 127.)History: P.A. 85-187 deleted obsolete reference to Sec. 16-247; P.A. 13-5 deleted provision re telegraph company and telegraph lines, effective May 8, 2013; P.A. 14-134 deleted references to Secs. 16-249 and 16-250, effective June 6, 2014.See Sec. 16-236 re appraisal of damages and assessment of costs.Selectmen's permission does not justify telephone company in cutting trees on highway. 66 C. 559. Right of nonresident telegraph company to enter state and use highways. 91 C. 38. Cited. 235 C. 408.Cited. 44 CS 45.
CT Gen Stat § 16-229 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-229 - Excavation in highway.

 Any public service company incorporated under the provisions of the statutes or by special act for the purpose of transmitting or distributing gas, water or electricity or for telephone purposes, desiring to open or make any excavation in a portion of any public highway for the carrying out of any purpose for which it may be organized other than the placing or replacing of a pole or of a curb box, shall, if required by the authority having jurisdiction over the maintenance of such highway, make application to such authority, which may, in writing, grant a permit for such opening or excavation upon such terms and conditions as to the manner in which such work shall be carried on as may be reasonable.(1949 Rev., S. 5640; 1959, P.A. 262.)History: 1959 act added water companies to scope of section.Cited. 162 C. 53.
CT Gen Stat § 16-230 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-230 - Bond requirement.

 Before any such public service company makes any such application, it shall file with the Secretary of the State a bond, with surety, in form and amount satisfactory to and approved by him, to save harmless any person or corporation which may be injured by the negligent carrying on of such work, which bond may be a continuing bond to cover all of such work conducted by such public service company in this state during the term of such bond, but said Secretary may dispense with the filing of any such bond upon the furnishing to him of satisfactory proof of the solvency and the financial ability of such public service company to pay any damages resulting from such negligent carrying on of such work, and said Secretary shall issue to such company his certificate that such bond has been filed or proof of solvency furnished. No such bond or further proof of solvency and financial ability shall be required by the Secretary of the State, or by any other authority, of any such public service company which has, within the preceding twelve months, filed with the Secretary of the State a certification, attested by the secretary of such company, that the combined paid-in capital and surplus of such company is not less than five hundred thousand dollars.(1949 Rev., S. 5641; 1957, P.A. 85; 1971, P.A. 367.)History: 1971 act made waiver of bond applicable to companies with capital and surplus of $500,000 or more rather than $150,000 or more.Cited. 162 C. 53.
CT Gen Stat § 16-231 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-231 - Appeal.

 Any such company aggrieved by the neglect or refusal of the authority having such jurisdiction to grant such permit, or by the terms and conditions therein imposed, may appeal to the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority, which may, upon giving reasonable notice of such appeal and of the time and place where it will be heard, determine whether such permit ought to be granted, or such terms and conditions altered, and may, subject to such right of appeal to the Superior Court as provided in the case of other orders, authorizations and decisions of the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority, grant such permit in writing upon such terms and conditions as to the carrying on of such work as it finds just and reasonable.(1949 Rev., S. 5642; P.A. 75-486, S. 1, 69; P.A. 77-614, S. 162, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 100, 348; P.A. 11-80, S.1.)History: P.A. 75-486 replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority; P.A. 77-614 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 made division an independent department and deleted reference to abolished department of business regulation; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Department of Public Utility Control” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Public Utilities Regulatory Authority”, effective July 1, 2011.Cited. 162 C. 53.
CT Gen Stat § 16-231a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-231a - Cuts and permanent patches in highway. Inspections. Repairs. Certification.

 A public service company, as defined in section 16-1, a municipal waterworks system established under chapter 102, a district, metropolitan district, municipal district or special services district established under chapter 105 or 105a, any other general statute or any public or special act, which is authorized to supply water, or any other waterworks system owned, leased, maintained, operated, managed or controlled by any unit of local government under any general statute or any public or special act, or a contractor of such entity, that cuts and permanently patches a public highway in the course of repairs or installations shall, one year after such permanent patch is made, (1) inspect such permanent patch, (2) make any additional repairs as may be necessary, and (3) certify to the municipality in which such patch is located that such patch meets generally accepted standards of repair. Any municipality may, by vote of its legislative body, elect not to enforce the requirements of this section.(P.A. 11-80, S. 95.)History: P.A. 11-80 effective July 1, 2011.
CT Gen Stat § 16-232 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-232 - Rights of companies organized under general law.

 No electric distribution company organized under any former joint stock law of this state shall use or occupy any highway or public grounds or be entitled to the powers or privileges enumerated in this chapter, without special authority from the General Assembly.(1949 Rev., S. 5643; P.A. 14-134, S. 72.)History: P.A. 14-134 replaced “electric light or electric power company” with “electric distribution company”, effective June 6, 2014.Electric light and power company is a public service corporation. 84 C. 312.
CT Gen Stat § 16-233 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-233 - Use of gain by town, city, borough, fire district or Department of Transportation.

 Each town, city, borough, fire district or the Department of Transportation shall have the right to occupy and use for any purpose, without payment therefor, one gain upon each public utility pole or in each underground communications duct system installed by a public service company within the limits of any such town, city, borough or district. The location or relocation of any such gain shall be prescribed by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority. Any such gain shall be reserved for use by the town, city, borough, fire district or the Department of Transportation.(1949 Rev., S. 5644; P.A. 75-486, S. 1, 69; P.A. 77-614, S. 162, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 101, 348; P.A. 94-188, S. 14; P.A. 11-80, S. 1; P.A. 13-247, S. 62.)History: P.A. 75-486 replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority; P.A. 77-614 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 made division an independent department and deleted reference to abolished department of business regulation; P.A. 94-188 granted the department of transportation the right to occupy and use for state signal wires, without payment therefor, one gain upon each public utility pole or in each underground communications duct system installed by a public service company and added a provision that any such gain would be reserved for use by the town, city, borough, fire district or the department of transportation; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Department of Public Utility Control” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Public Utilities Regulatory Authority”, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 13-247 replaced “municipal and state signal wires” with “any purpose”, effective July 1, 2013.
CT Gen Stat § 16-236 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-236 - Appraisal of damages; costs.

 Any judge of the Superior Court may, upon the application of any party interested, and after notice, unless the application has been unreasonably delayed, appoint three disinterested persons to make a written appraisal of all damages due any person by reason of anything done under any provision of section 16-228 or 16-234 or which is in violation of any order made under section 16-235. Such appraisal, when approved by such judge, shall be returned to and recorded by the clerk of the superior court for the judicial district where the cause of action arose, and thereupon the sum specified therein shall be paid immediately by the company to the party entitled to the same, or the judge may order the same to be paid immediately into the hands of such clerk, to be delivered by him on demand to such party. The costs of such proceedings shall be taxed by such judge and paid by such company, and he may issue execution therefor and for such damages.(1949 Rev., S. 5647; 1963, P.A. 349; P.A. 78-280, S. 2, 127.)History: 1963 act added “violations of orders under” Sec. 16-235 to first sentence; P.A. 78-280 substituted “judicial district” for “county”.Section valid; taking of land is not for private purpose. 90 C. 179; 92 C. 635. Cited. 149 C. 100. Legislative history. Id., 102. Indicates legislative intent to depart from strict eminent domain principles as basis for damages and to provide for payment, to any party interested, of damages for anything done under or by authority of Sec. 16-235. Id., 104. Claim that plaintiff asking for damages under section is required first to appeal to commission from the granting of the permit is without merit; claim that phrase “anything done” under Sec. 16-235 is restricted to case where there has been a physical invasion of plaintiff's property is without merit. 152 C. 690. Whether plaintiff's application has been unreasonably delayed is an issue of fact, dependent upon the surrounding circumstances. Id., 691.
CT Gen Stat § 16-237 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-237 - No prescriptive right.

 No person or corporation building and maintaining telephone or electric light or power wires or fixtures, or electrical wires, conductors or fixtures of any kind shall, by reason of any occupation or use of any buildings or lands for the support of the wires of such person or corporation, or by reason of such wires passing over or through any buildings or lands, acquire by the continuance of such use or occupation any prescriptive right to so occupy or use the same. No length of possession, user or occupancy of any buildings or land, or adverse to any easement therein or right thereto belonging to a telephone or electric distribution company, and used or acquired for use for its corporate purposes, shall create or continue any right in or to such land, or adverse to any such easement.(1949 Rev., S. 5648; P.A. 14-134, S. 31.)History: P.A. 14-134 deleted references to telegraph and changed “electric light or power corporation” to “electric distribution company”, effective June 6, 2014.Trial court properly determined that statute precluded defendants from invoking the law of adverse possession to justify their continued unauthorized use of plainitff utility company's property; defendants' claim that statute was inapplicable because waters of lake were not “buildings or land” was unavailing given that dock was attached to land owned by plaintiff. 92 CA 753.
CT Gen Stat § 16-238 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-238 - Wires may be cut; notice.

 When it is deemed necessary to cut or otherwise disconnect the wires or fixtures of any telephone, electric distribution company or other company or association hereinbefore referred to, or to remove such wires from the poles or fixtures to which they are attached, for the transportation of any object on the highway or upon any waterway, any person or corporation may do so, exercising reasonable care therein, after obtaining written consent of the municipality or other authority having control over such highway or waterway and the public service company or companies affected, which consent may be granted under such reasonable conditions as such municipality or other authority having such control and such company or companies may impose. If such consent cannot be secured, or if any of such conditions is not acceptable to the person or corporation seeking such consent, the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority shall, upon written application by such person or corporation and after notice to all parties affected, determine the necessity of such disconnection or removal and order the terms and conditions under which it shall be made.(1949 Rev., S. 5649; P.A. 75-486, S. 1, 69; P.A. 77-614, S. 162, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 104, 348; P.A. 11-80, S. 1; P.A. 14-134, S. 32.)History: P.A. 75-486 replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority; P.A. 77-614 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 made division an independent department and deleted reference to abolished department of business regulation; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Department of Public Utility Control” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Public Utilities Regulatory Authority”, effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 14-134 deleted reference to telegraph company and changed “electric light or power company” to “electric distribution company”, effective June 6, 2014.
CT Gen Stat § 16-239 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-239 - Dispatches transmitted in order. Exceptions.

 Section 16-239 is repealed.(1949 Rev., S. 5651; P.A. 88-220, S. 8, 11.)
CT Gen Stat § 16-243 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-243 - Jurisdiction of authority over electricity transmission lines.

 The Public Utilities Regulatory Authority shall have exclusive jurisdiction and direction over the method of construction or reconstruction in whole or in part of each system used for the transmission or distribution of electricity, with the kind, quality and finish of all materials, wires, poles, conductors and fixtures to be used in the construction and operation thereof, and the method of their use, including all plants and apparatus used for generating electricity located upon private property upon which there are conductors capable of transmitting electricity to other premises in such manner as to endanger any person or property. The authority may make any order necessary to the exercise of such power and direction, which order shall be in writing and entered in the records of the authority. Each person or corporation operating any such system or generating plant shall, at its expense, comply with such order. Any person violating any provision of any such order shall be subject to the penalty prescribed in section 16-41.(1949 Rev., S. 5655; P.A. 75-486, S. 1, 69; P.A. 77-614, S. 162, 610; P.A. 80-482, S. 105, 348; P.A. 98-28, S. 101, 117; P.A. 11-80, S. 1.)History: P.A. 75-486 replaced public utilities commission with public utilities control authority; P.A. 77-614 replaced public utilities control authority with division of public utility control within the department of business regulation, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 80-482 made division an independent department and deleted reference to abolished department of business regulation; P.A. 98-28 added the distribution of electricity, effective July 1, 1998; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Department of Public Utility Control” and “department” were changed editorially by the Revisors to “Public Utilities Regulatory Authority” and “authority”, respectively, effective July 1, 2011.See Sec. 16-235 re control of placing, erection and maintenance of wires and other fixtures by local authorities.Cited. 140 C. 650. Exclusive jurisdiction over direction of power line on private land is within the commission. 161 C. 430. Cited. 162 C. 89. Contains constitutionally adequate standards. 165 C. 687. Cited. 168 C. 478.
CT Gen Stat § 16-243aa (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 16 - Public Service Companies|Chapter 283 - Telephone, Gas, Power and Water Companies|Section 16-243aa - Distribution of electricity across a public highway or street by a municipality or state or federal governmental entity.

 The Public Utilities Regulatory Authority shall authorize any municipality or state or federal governmental entity that owns, operates or leases any Class I renewable energy source, as defined in section 16-1, Class III source, as defined in section 16-1, or generation source under five megawatts, to independently distribute electricity generated from any such source across a public highway or street, provided (1) any such source is connected to a municipal microgrid, as defined in subdivision (5) of subsection (a) of section 16-243y, and (2) to ensure the reliability and availability of the microgrid delivery system and the safety of the public, such municipality or state or federal governmental entity shall engage the applicable electric distribution company, as defined in section 16-1, to complete the interconnection of such microgrid to the electric grid in accordance with the authority's interconnection standards. For purposes of this section, any such municipality or governmental entity shall not be considered an electric distribution company, as defined in section 16-1.(P.A. 13-298, S. 39; P.A. 14-134, S. 80.)History: P.A. 13-298 effective July 1, 2013; P.A. 14-134 replaced “electric company” with “electric distribution company”, effective June 6, 2014.