reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
LA Rev Stat § 22:491 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§491. Restrictions on insurance purchased by purchasing groups

RS 491 - Restrictions on insurance purchased by purchasing groups A. A purchasing group may not purchase insurance from a risk retention group that is not chartered in a state or from an insurer not admitted in the state in which the purchasing group is located, unless the purchase is effected through a licensed producer acting pursuant to the laws and regulations of such state. B. For purposes of this Section, a purchasing group is located in each and every state in which a member of the purchasing group has a risk or exposure where the liability insured against could arise. C. A purchasing group which obtains liability insurance from an insurer not admitted in this state or a risk retention group shall inform each of the members of the group which have a risk located in this state that the risk is not protected by the fund of an insurance guaranty association in this state and that the risk retention group or insurer may not be subject to all insurance laws and regulations of this state. D. No purchasing group may purchase insurance providing for a deductible or self-insured retention applicable to the group as a whole. The insurance coverage may provide for a deductible or self-insured retention applicable to individual members. E. Any purchase of insurance by purchasing groups is subject to the same standards regarding aggregate limits which are applicable to all purchases of group insurance. Acts 1987, No. 462, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, No. 1203, §1, eff. June 29, 1995; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2079 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:492 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§492. Administrative and procedural authority regarding risk retention groups and purchasing groups

RS 492 - Administrative and procedural authority regarding risk retention groups and purchasing groups The commissioner may use any of the powers established under this Code to enforce the laws of this state so long as those powers are not specifically preempted by the federal Product Liability Risk Retention Act of 1981, as amended by the federal Risk Retention Amendments of 1986. This includes, but is not limited to, the commissioner's administrative authority to investigate, issue subpoenas, conduct depositions and hearings, issue orders, and impose penalties. With regard to any investigation, administrative proceeding, or litigation, the commissioner may rely on the procedural law and regulations of the state. However, the injunctive authority of the commissioner in regard to risk retention groups is restricted by the requirement that any injunction be issued by a court of competent jurisdiction. Acts 1987, No. 462, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2080 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:493 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§493. Penalties

RS 493 - Penalties A risk retention group which violates any provision of this Subpart shall be subject to fines and penalties applicable to licensed insurers generally, including revocation of its registration and the right to do business in this state. Acts 1987, No. 462, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2081 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:494 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§494. Duty on producers to obtain license

RS 494 - Duty on producers to obtain license Any person acting, or offering to act, as a producer for a risk retention group or purchasing group which solicits members, sells insurance coverage, purchases coverage for its members located within the state, or otherwise does business in this state shall obtain a license from the commissioner pursuant to R.S. 22:1541 through 1554 and 1556 through 1565. Acts 1987, No. 462, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1996, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 71, §1, eff. May 10, 1996, H.C.R. No. 4, 2002 1st Ex. Sess.; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2082 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:495 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§495. Binding effect of orders issued in federal district court

RS 495 - Binding effect of orders issued in federal district court  An order issued by any district court of the United States enjoining a risk retention group from soliciting or selling insurance, or operating, in any state or in all states or in any territory or possession of the United States upon a finding that such a group is in a hazardous financial condition shall be enforceable in the courts of the state. Acts 1987, No. 462, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2083 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009.
LA Rev Stat § 22:496 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§496. Rules and regulations

RS 496 - Rules and regulations  The commissioner may establish and, from time to time, amend such rules relating to risk retention groups as may be necessary or desirable to carry out the provisions of this Subpart. Acts 1987, No. 462, §1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2084 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009.
LA Rev Stat § 22:497 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§497. Repealed by Acts 2009, No. 503, §2.

RS 497 - Repealed by Acts 2009, No. 503, §2.
LA Rev Stat § 22:498 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§498. Policyholder's liability

RS 498 - Policyholder's liability A. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Subpart, any contract of insurance issued by an admitted risk retention group may provide for the contingent liability of the policyholder for payment of actual losses and expenses incurred while such contract was in force, provided prior approval is granted by the commissioner of insurance. B. Each assessable policy issued by an admitted risk retention group shall provide the following notice in ten-point print: "This is an assessable policy. The maximum potential contingent liability shall not exceed one annual premium per annum." C. The contingent liability of each member of the group for the obligations of the risk retention group shall not be joint but shall be individual and several. D. "Risk retention group", in this Section, means any corporation or other limited liability association organized pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 3901 and 3902, the Federal Liability Risk Retention Act of 1986, having the following: (1) The group is chartered or licensed as an insurance company in at least one state and is chartered or licensed as an insurance company or registered as a risk retention group in at least thirty states. (2) The group maintains admitted assets at all times in an amount which is equal to or exceeds twenty million dollars. Acts 1990, No. 138, §1; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2086 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:511 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§511. Title; purpose

RS 511 - Title; purpose A. This Subpart shall be known and cited as the "Louisiana Title Insurance Act". B. The purpose of this Subpart is to provide the state of Louisiana with a comprehensive body of law for the effective regulation and supervision of title insurance, title insurers licensed to write title insurance in this state, title insurance producers, and the escrow, accounting, closing, and settlement practices of insurers and producers wherein title insurance is issued or contemplated to be issued. Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.1 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:513.1 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§513.1. Title insurance; identification of examining attorney and title producer

RS 513.1 - Title insurance; identification of examining attorney and title producer A. Every sale, conveyance, transfer, or other act transferring an interest in or ownership in a one-to-four family residential property that is insured by an owner's title insurance policy and every mortgage encumbering such immovable property that is insured by a loan title insurance policy shall contain all of the following identifying information: (1) The name, address, and Louisiana license number of the issuing title insurance producer. (2) The name of the title insurance underwriter issuing the policy. (3) The name and bar roll number of the attorney licensed to practice law in Louisiana who provided the title opinion upon which the title insurance policy is based. B. Prior to recordation, the title insurance producer shall verify that the identifying information required by Subsection A of this Section is included within the document. The information may be typed or stamped on the document or included on a separate form attached to the document. C. The inclusion of the information on the recorded document or attachment shall not create additional liability for those named therein nor shall it create a separate cause of action against the title insurance producer, title insurance underwriter, lender, or examining attorney. D. Failure to include the information required by this Section on any document or act shall not nullify or otherwise affect the validity of the document or act. Acts 2011, No. 164, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2012.
LA Rev Stat § 22:514 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§514. Authorized activities; title insurers

RS 514 - Authorized activities; title insurers Subject to the exceptions and restrictions contained in this Subpart, a title insurer shall have the power to: (1) Do only title insurance business. (2) Reinsure title insurance policies. (3) Perform, or cause to be performed, ancillary activities, unless prohibited by the department, including examining title to and furnishing related information about movable or immovable property and procuring and furnishing information about relevant personal property, whether or not in contemplation of, or in conjunction with, the issuance of a title insurance report or policy; however, any such activities that are defined by R.S. 37:212 as the practice of law shall only be performed by an attorney duly licensed and authorized to practice law in Louisiana. Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.4 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009.
LA Rev Stat § 22:515 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§515. Title insurers; limitation of authority, powers

RS 515 - Title insurers; limitation of authority, powers A.(1) No insurer that transacts any class, type, or kind of insurance other than title insurance shall be eligible for the issuance or renewal of a license to transact the business of title insurance in this state. (2) No title insurance shall be transacted, underwritten, or issued by any insurer transacting or licensed to transact any other class, type, or kind of business. B. No title insurer shall engage in the business of guaranteeing payment of the principal or the interest on bonds or mortgages. C.(1) Notwithstanding Subsection A of this Section, a title insurer may issue closing or settlement protection to a person who is a party to a transaction in which a title insurance policy is contemplated to be issued. The closing or settlement protection shall conform to the terms of coverage and form of instrument as may be required by the department and may indemnify a person solely against loss of settlement funds because of the following acts of a settlement agent, title insurer's named employee, or title insurance producer: (a) Theft or misappropriation of settlement funds. (b) Failure to comply with instructions when agreed to by the settlement agent, employee, or title insurance producer. (2) The premium charged by a title insurer for this coverage shall be submitted to and approved by the commissioner of insurance. (3) A title insurer shall not provide any other coverage which purports to indemnify against improper acts or omissions of a person with regard to escrow or settlement services. Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Acts 2007, No. 459, §4, eff. Jan. 1, 2008; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.5 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:516 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§516. Title insurer; establishment of rates

RS 516 - Title insurer; establishment of rates A. A title insurer who adopts a rating organization's rate filing made and approved pursuant to R.S. 22:1466 or files a deviation to such filing which is approved pursuant to R.S. 22:1468 shall not have its rates deemed to be excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory. B. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, title insurers and title insurance rating organizations shall not be required to file with the commissioner of insurance or any other entity individual loss or expense information for any purpose associated with ratemaking other than statistical reporting associated with a statistical plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section shall be construed to constrain access to the books and records of any title insurer doing business in the state of Louisiana by the commissioner of the Department of Insurance. Acts 2006, No. 828, §1; Acts 2007, No. 459, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2008; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.5.1 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009.
LA Rev Stat § 22:517 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§517. Title insurance producers; licensing and reporting requirements

RS 517 - Title insurance producers; licensing and reporting requirements Every title insurance producer licensed in the state shall provide, in a timely fashion, each title insurer with which it places business all information the title insurer may request in compliance with the licensing and reporting requirements of the department. Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.6 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:518 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§518. Title insurance producers; errors and omissions requirements

RS 518 - Title insurance producers; errors and omissions requirements A. Every title insurance producer licensed in this state shall maintain an errors and omissions policy, which includes coverage for their acts or omissions as a title insurance producer, for the benefit of the title insurer or the depositor in amounts, under terms and conditions, and from insurers approved by the department, after considering the reasonableness of the cost and availability thereof. B. The title insurance producer shall furnish the title insurer with proof that the producer complies with this Section. Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.6.1 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:519 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§519. Title insurance producers; examination

RS 519 - Title insurance producers; examination  The department or title insurer may during normal business hours examine, audit, and inspect any and all books, records, files, and escrow and operating accounts related to the title insurance business maintained by a title insurance producer its successor in interest, transferee, or receiver as provided under this Subpart. NOTE: §519 as amended by Acts 2020, No. 310, eff. Jan. 1, 2021. RS 519 - Title insurance producers; examination  A. The department or title insurer may during normal business hours examine, audit, and inspect any and all books, records, files, and escrow and operating accounts related to the title insurance business maintained by a title insurance producer its successor in interest, transferee, or receiver as provided under this Subpart.  B. In order to comply with the provisions of this Section, a producer shall maintain records in legible format, readily accessible to the department, and in a location fully accessible from or physically existing in Louisiana.  Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.7 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1; Acts 2020, No. 310, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2021.
LA Rev Stat § 22:520 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§520. Underwriting contracts required; title insurer, producer

RS 520 - Underwriting contracts required; title insurer, producer A. No person acting in the capacity of a title insurance producer shall place business with a title insurer, and no title insurer shall accept business from a title insurance producer, unless there exists a written contract between the parties. The written contract shall establish the responsibilities of each party, and where both parties share responsibility for a particular function, specify the division of such responsibilities. The written contract shall also contain the following provisions as a minimum: (1) The basis of the rates to be charged. (2) The types of risks which may be undertaken. (3) Maximum authority or limits of liability. (4) Territorial limitations. (5) Guidelines for title searches and examinations. (6) Underwriting guidelines. (7) All terms of compensation for the title insurance producer. (8) Policies and funds remittance. (9) Termination provisions. B. The contract shall not be assigned in whole or in part by the title insurance producer without the express written consent of the title insurer. Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.8 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:521 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§521. Title insurance producer; policies and funds remittance

RS 521 - Title insurance producer; policies and funds remittance A. Unless a later date is specifically authorized by the title insurer for a particular transaction, the title insurance producer shall account for and remit all funds and policies due under the contract to the title insurer by the earlier of: (1) Sixty days after the effective date of the policy. (2) The time specified by the underwriting contract. B. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection A of this Section, when a report has been issued, the title insurance producer shall account for and remit all funds and policies due under the contract to the title insurer within sixty days after satisfaction of all requirements and conditions of the report. C. The premium for any policy of insurance shall be due and payable at the settlement of the transaction. D. No title insurer or title insurance producer shall issue a title insurance report wherein the issuance of a policy of insurance is not contemplated. Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.8.1 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:522 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§522. Title insurance producer; termination

RS 522 - Title insurance producer; termination A. The title insurer may terminate the contract upon written notice to the title insurance producer under any of the following circumstances: (1) Fraud, insolvency, appointment of a receiver or conservator, bankruptcy, cancellation of the license or permit to do business of the producer, or the commencement of legal proceedings by the state of the domicile of the producer, which if successful, would lead to the cancellation of the permit or license to do business of the producer. (2) Material breach of any provision of the contract between the title insurer and the title insurance producer. (3) In accordance with any other termination provision of the contract. B. Upon the effective date as set forth in the notice of termination from a title insurer, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the title insurer, the producer shall immediately discontinue all title insurance business on behalf of that title insurer. C. Nothing in this Subsection shall relieve the title insurance producer or title insurer of any other contractual obligation. Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.8.2 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:523 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§523. Title insurance producer; claims

RS 523 - Title insurance producer; claims It shall be the duty of the title insurance producer to immediately report and forward to the title insurer all claims reported to the producer by policyholders or other persons. Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.8.3 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:524 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§524. Title insurance producer; restrictions

RS 524 - Title insurance producer; restrictions  The title insurance producer shall not: (1) Bind reinsurance on behalf of the title insurer.  (2) Permit any of its directors, officers, controlling shareholders, or employees to serve on the title insurer's board of directors if the title insurance producer wrote one percent or more of the direct premiums of the title insurer written in the previous calendar year as shown on the title insurer's most recent annual statement filed with the department. This Subsection shall not apply to relationships governed by R.S. 22:691 through 713.  (3) Jointly employ an individual who is employed with the title insurer unless the title insurer and the title insurance producer are affiliated or otherwise under common control as defined by R.S. 22:691.2.  Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.8.4 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1; Acts 2016, No. 6, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:525 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§525. Title insurance producer; inventory maintenance

RS 525 - Title insurance producer; inventory maintenance The title insurance producer shall maintain an inventory of all numbered policy forms or policy numbers assigned to the producer by the title insurer. Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.8.5 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 22:526 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 22 - Insurance|§526. Title insurer; audit

RS 526 - Title insurer; audit  A. The title insurer shall, at least once every three years, conduct an audit of the escrow and settlement practices, escrow accounts, security arrangements, files, underwriting and claims practices, and policy inventory of the producer. If the title insurance producer fails to maintain separate escrow or trust accounts for each title insurer it represents, the title insurer shall verify that the funds related to closings in which the title insurer's policies are issued are reasonably ascertainable from the books of account and records of the title insurance producer.  B. The commissioner may promulgate regulations setting forth the standards of audit and the form of audit required. The commissioner may also require the title insurer to provide a copy of its audit reports to the department.  Acts 1997, No. 1427, §1; Acts 1999, No. 192, §1, eff. June 9, 1999; Redesignated from R.S. 22:2092.9 by Acts 2008, No. 415, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 2009; Acts 2009, No. 503, §1; Acts 2021, No. 8, §1.