reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.16 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.16 | Statute of Limitations - Ucc 3-118.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) Except as provided in division (E) of this section, an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay a note payable at a definite time shall be brought within six years after the due date or dates stated in the note or, if a due date is accelerated, within six years after the accelerated due date.(B) Except as provided in division (D) or (E) of this section, if demand for payment is made to the maker of a note payable on demand, an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay the note shall be brought within six years after the date on which the demand for payment is made. If no demand for payment is made to the maker of a note payable on demand, an action to enforce the note is barred if neither principal nor interest on the note has been paid for a continuous period of ten years.(C) Except as provided in division (D) of this section, an action to enforce the obligation of a party to an unaccepted draft to pay the draft shall be brought within three years after dishonor of the draft or ten years after the date of the draft, whichever period expires first.(D) An action to enforce the obligation of the acceptor of a certified check or the issuer of a teller's check, cashier's check, or traveler's check shall be brought within three years after demand for payment is made to the acceptor or issuer.(E) An action to enforce the obligation of a party to a certificate of deposit to pay the instrument shall be brought within six years after demand for payment is made to the maker, but if the instrument states a due date and the maker is not required to pay before that date, the six-year period begins when a demand for payment is in effect and the due date has passed.(F) An action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay an accepted draft, other than a certified check, shall be brought within six years after the due date or dates stated in the draft or acceptance if the obligation of the acceptor is payable at a definite time or within six years after the date of the acceptance if the obligation of the acceptor is payable on demand.(G) Unless governed by other law regarding claims for indemnity or contribution, any of the following actions shall be brought within three years after the cause of action accrues:(1) An action for conversion of an instrument, an action for money had and received, or a similar action based on conversion;(2) An action for breach of warranty;(3) An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this chapter and not governed by this section.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.17 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.17 | Contradictory Terms of Instrument - Ucc 3-114.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|If an instrument contains contradictory terms, typewritten terms prevail over printed terms, handwritten terms prevail over both typewritten and printed terms, and words prevail over numbers.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.18 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.18 | Notice of Right to Defend Action - Ucc 3-119.

Effective: April 6, 2017|Latest Legislation:  House Bill 463 - 131st General Assembly|In an action for breach of an obligation for which a third person is answerable over pursuant to this chapter or sections 1304.01 to 1304.40 of the Revised Code, the defendant may give the third person notice of the litigation in a record, and the person notified may then give similar notice to any other person who is answerable over. If the notice states that the person notified may come in and defend and that failure to do so will bind the person notified in an action later brought by the person giving the notice as to any determination of fact common to the two litigations, the person notified is so bound unless after seasonable receipt of the notice the person notified does come in and defend.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.21 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.21 | Negotiation - Ucc 3-201.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) "Negotiation" means a voluntary or involuntary transfer of possession of an instrument by a person other than the issuer to a person who by the transfer becomes the holder of the instrument.(B) Except for negotiation by a remitter, if an instrument is payable to an identified person, negotiation requires transfer of possession of the instrument and its indorsement by the holder. If an instrument is payable to bearer, it may be negotiated by transfer of possession alone.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.22 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.22 | Transfer of Instrument - Rights Acquired by Transfer - Ucc 3-203.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) An instrument is transferred when it is delivered by a person other than its issuer for the purpose of giving to the person receiving delivery the right to enforce the instrument.(B) Transfer of an instrument, whether or not the transfer is a negotiation, vests in the transferee any right of the transferor to enforce the instrument, including any right as a holder in due course, but the transferee cannot acquire rights of a holder in due course by a direct or indirect transfer from a holder in due course if the transferee engaged in fraud or illegality affecting the instrument.(C) Unless otherwise agreed, if an instrument is transferred for value the transferee has a specifically enforceable right to the unqualified indorsement of the transferor, but negotiation of the instrument does not occur until the indorsement is made by the transferor.(D) If a transferor purports to transfer less than the entire instrument, negotiation of the instrument does not occur, the transferee of that instrument obtains no rights under this chapter, and the transferee of that instrument has only the rights of a partial assignee.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.23 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.23 | Negotiation Subject to Rescission - Ucc 3-202.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) Negotiation is effective even if it is obtained in any of the following manners:(1) From an infant, a corporation exceeding its powers, or any other person without capacity;(2) By fraud, duress, or mistake of any kind;(3) As part of an illegal transaction;(4) In breach of duty.(B) To the extent permitted by other law, negotiation may be rescinded or may be subject to other remedies, but those remedies may not be asserted against a subsequent holder in due course or a person paying the instrument in good faith and without knowledge of facts that are a basis for the rescission or other remedy.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.24 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.24 | Indorsement - Ucc 3-204.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A)(1) "Indorsement" means a signature, other than that of a signer as maker, drawer, or acceptor, that alone or accompanied by other words is made on an instrument for any of the following purposes:(a) To negotiate the instrument;(b) To restrict payment of the instrument;(c) To incur the indorser's liability on the instrument.(2) Regardless of the intent of the signer, a signature and its accompanying words is an "indorsement" unless the accompanying words, terms of the instrument, place of the signature, or other circumstances unambiguously indicate that the signature was made for a purpose other than indorsement. For the purpose of determining whether a signature is made on an instrument, a paper affixed to the instrument is a part of the instrument.(B) "Indorser" means a person who makes an indorsement.(C) For the purpose of determining whether the transferee of an instrument is a holder, an indorsement that transfers a security interest in the instrument is effective as an unqualified indorsement of the instrument.(D) If an instrument is payable to a holder under a name that is not the name of the holder, indorsement may be made by the holder in the name stated in the instrument or in the holder's name or both, but signatures in both names may be required by a person paying or taking the instrument for value or collection.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.25 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.25 | Special Indorsement - Blank Indorsement - Anomalous Indorsement - Ucc 3-205.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) A "special indorsement" means an indorsement that is made by the holder of an instrument, whether payable to an identified person or payable to the bearer, and that identifies a person to whom it makes the instrument payble. An instrument, when specially indorsed, becomes payable to the identified person and may be negotiated only by the indorsement of that person. Section 1303.08 of the Revised Code applies to special indorsements.(B) "Blank indorsement" means an indorsement that is made by the holder of the instrument and that is not a special indorsement. When an instrument is indorsed in blank, the instrument becomes payable to bearer and may be negotiated by transfer of possession alone until specially indorsed.(C) The holder may convert a blank indorsement that consists only of a signature into a special indorsement by writing above the signature of the indorser words identifying the person to whom the instrument is made payable.(D) "Anomalous indorsement" means an indorsement made by a person who is not the holder of the instrument. An "anomalous indorsement" does not affect the manner in which the instrument may be negotiated.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.27 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.27 | Reacquisition - Ucc 3-207.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|"Reacquisition of an instrument" occurs if it is transferred by negotiation or otherwise to a former holder. A former holder who reacquires the instrument may cancel any indorsements made after the reacquirer first became a holder of the instrument. If the cancellation causes the instrument to be payable to the reacquirer or to bearer, the reacquirer may negotiate the instrument. An indorser whose indorsement is canceled is discharged, and the discharge is effective against any subsequent holder.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.31 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.31 | Person Entitled to Enforce Instrument - Ucc 3-301.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) "Person entitled to enforce" an instrument means any of the following persons:(1) The holder of the instrument;(2) A nonholder in possession of the instrument who has the rights of a holder;(3) A person not in possession of the instrument who is entitled to enforce the instrument pursuant to section 1303.38 or division (D) of section 1303.58 of the Revised Code.(B) A person may be a "person entitled to enforce" the instrument even though the person is not the owner of the instrument or is in wrongful possession of the instrument.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.33 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.33 | Value and Consideration - Ucc 3-303.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) An instrument is issued or transferred for value if any of the following apply:(1) The instrument is issued or transferred for a promise of performance, to the extent the promise has been performed.(2) The transferee acquires a security interest or other lien in the instrument other than a lien obtained by judicial proceeding.(3) The instrument is issued or transferred as payment of, or as security for, an antecedent claim against any person, whether or not the claim is due.(4) The instrument is issued or transferred in exchange for a negotiable instrument.(5) The instrument is issued or transferred in exchange for the incurring of an irrevocable obligation to a third party by the person taking the instrument.(B) "Consideration" means any consideration sufficient to support a simple contract. The drawer or maker of an instrument has a defense if the instrument is issued without consideration. If an instrument is issued for a promise of performance, the issuer has a defense to the extent performance of the promise is due and the promise has not been performed. If an instrument is issued for value as stated in division (A) of this section, the instrument is also issued for consideration.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.34 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.34 | Overdue Instrument - Ucc 3-304.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) An instrument payable on demand becomes overdue at the earliest of the following times:(1) On the day after the day during which demand for payment is duly made;(2) If the instrument is a check, ninety days after its date;(3) If the instrument is not a check, when the instrument has been outstanding for a period of time after its date that is unreasonably long under the circumstances of the particular case in light of the nature of the instrument and the usage of the trade.(B) With respect to an instrument payable at a definite time, the following rules apply:(1) If the principal is payable in installments and a due date has not been accelerated, the instrument becomes overdue upon default under the instrument for nonpayment of an installment, and the instrument remains overdue until the default is cured.(2) If the principal is not payable in installments and the due date has not been accelerated, the instrument becomes overdue on the day after the due date.(3) If a due date with respect to principal has been accelerated, the instrument becomes overdue on the day after the accelerated due date.(C) Unless the due date of principal has been accelerated, an instrument does not become overdue if there is default in payment of interest but no default in payment of principal.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.36 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.36 | Proof of Signatures and Status as Holder in Due Course - Ucc 3-308 - Claims to an Instrument - Ucc 3-306.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) Unless specifically denied in the pleadings, in an action with respect to an instrument, the authenticity of, and authority to make, each signature on an instrument is admitted. If the validity of a signature is denied in the pleadings, the burden of establishing validity is on the party claiming validity but the signature is presumed to be authentic and authorized unless the action is to enforce the liability of the purported signer and the signer is dead or becomes incompetent at the time of the trial on the issue of the validity of the signature. If an action to enforce the instrument is brought against a person as the undisclosed principal of a person who signed the instrument as a party to the instrument, the plaintiff has the burden of establishing that the defendant is liable on the instrument as a represented person under section 1303.42 of the Revised Code.(B) instrument If the validity of signatures is admitted or proved and there is compliance with division (A) of this section, a plaintiff producing the instrument is entitled to payment if the plaintiff proves entitlement to enforce the instrument under section 1303.31 of the Revised Code, unless the defendant proves a defense or claim in recoupment. If the defendant proves a defense or claim in recoupment, the right to payment of the plaintiff is subject to the defense or claim, except to the extent the plaintiff proves that the plaintiff has rights of a holder in due course that are not subject to the defense or claim.(C) A person who takes an instrument, other than a person having rights of a holder in due course, is subject to a claim of a property or possessory right in the instrument or its proceeds, including a claim to rescind a negotiation and to recover the instrument or its proceeds. A person having rights of a holder in due course takes free of the claim to the instrument.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.37 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.37 | Notice of Breach of Fiduciary Duty - Ucc 3-307.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) As used in this section:(1) "Fiduciary" means an agent, trustee, partner, corporate officer, corporate director, or other representative owing a fiduciary duty with respect to an instrument.(2) "Represented person" means the principal, beneficiary, partnership, corporation, or other person to whom the fiduciary duty with respect to an instrument referred to in division (A)(1) of this section is owed.(B) If an instrument is taken from a fiduciary for payment or collection or for value, the taker has knowledge of the fiduciary status of the fiduciary, and the represented person makes a claim to the instrument or its proceeds on the basis that the transaction of the fiduciary is a breach of fiduciary duty, all of the following rules apply:(1) Notice of breach of fiduciary duty by the fiduciary is notice of the claim of the represented person.(2) In the case of an instrument payable to the represented person or to the fiduciary as fiduciary of the represented person, the taker has notice of the breach of fiduciary duty if any of the following apply:(a) The instrument is taken in payment of or as security for a debt known by the taker to be the personal debt of the fiduciary.(b) The instrument is taken in a transaction known by the taker to be for the personal benefit of the fiduciary.(c) The instrument is deposited to an account other than an account of the fiduciary as fiduciary of the represented person or an account of the represented person.(3) If an instrument is issued by the represented person or by the fiduciary as fiduciary of the represented person and is made payable to the fiduciary personally, the taker does not have notice of the breach of fiduciary duty unless the taker knows of the breach of fiduciary duty.(4) If an instrument is issued by the represented person or by the fiduciary of the represented person to the taker as payee, the taker has notice of the breach of fiduciary duty if any of the following apply:(a) The instrument is taken in payment of or as security for a debt known by the taker to be the personal debt of the fiduciary.(b) The instrument is taken in a transaction known by the taker to be for the personal benefit of the fiduciary.(c) The instrument is deposited to an account other than an account of the fiduciary as fiduciary for the represented person or an account of the represented person.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.38 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.38 | Enforcement of Lost, Destroyed or Stolen Instrument - Ucc 3-309.

Effective: September 28, 2016|Latest Legislation:  House Bill 390 - 131st General Assembly|(A) A person not in possession of an instrument is entitled to enforce the instrument if all of the following apply:(1) The person seeking to enforce the instrument was entitled to enforce the instrument when loss of possession occurred or has directly or indirectly acquired ownership of the instrument from a person who was entitled to enforce the instrument when loss of possession occurred.(2) The loss of possession was not the result of a transfer by the person or a lawful seizure.(3) The person cannot reasonably obtain possession of the instrument because the instrument was destroyed, its whereabouts cannot be determined, or it is in the wrongful possession of an unknown person or a person that cannot be found or is not amenable to service of process.(B) A person seeking enforcement of an instrument under division (A) of this section must prove the terms of the instrument and the person's right to enforce the instrument. If that proof is made, divisions (A) and (B) of section 1303.36 of the Revised Code applies to the case as if the person seeking enforcement had produced the instrument. The court may not enter judgment in favor of the person seeking enforcement unless it finds that the person required to pay the instrument is adequately protected against loss that might occur by reason of a claim by another person to enforce the instrument. Adequate protection for the person required to pay the instrument may be provided by any reasonable means.
Ohio Rev Code § 1303.39 (2021)
2021 Ohio Revised Code|Title 13 | Commercial Transactions|Chapter 1303 | Commercial Paper|Section 1303.39 | Effect of Instrument on Obligation for Which Taken - Ucc 3-310.

Effective: August 19, 1994|Latest Legislation:  Senate Bill 147 - 120th General Assembly|(A) Unless otherwise agreed, if a certified check, cashier's check, or teller's check is taken for an obligation, the obligation is discharged to the same extent discharge would result if an amount of money equal to the amount of the instrument were taken in payment of the obligation. The discharge of the obligation does not affect any liability that the obligor may have as an indorser of the instrument taken in payment of the obligation.(B) Unless otherwise agreed and except as provided in division (A) of this section, if a note or an uncertified check is taken for an obligation, the obligation is suspended to the same extent the obligation would be discharged if an amount of money equal to the amount of the instrument were taken, and all of the following rules apply:(1) In the case of an uncertified check, suspension of the obligation continues until dishonor of the check or until it is paid or certified. Payment or certification of the check results in discharge of the obligation to the extent of the amount of the check.(2) In the case of a note, suspension of the obligation continues until dishonor of the note or until it is paid. Payment of the note results in discharge of the obligation to the extent of the payment.(3) Except as provided in division (B)(4) of this section, if the check or note is dishonored and the obligee of the obligation for which the instrument was taken is the person entitled to enforce the instrument, the obligee may enforce either the instrument or the obligation. In the case of an instrument of a third person that is negotiated to the obligee by the obligor, discharge of the obligor on the instrument also discharges the obligation.(4) If the person entitled to enforce the instrument taken for an obligation is a person other than the obligee, the obligee may not enforce the obligation to the extent the obligation is suspended. If the obligee is the person entitled to enforce the instrument but no longer has possession of it because it was lost, stolen, or destroyed, the obligation may not be enforced to the extent of the amount payable on the instrument, and to that extent the obligee's rights against the obligor are limited to enforcement of the instrument.(C) If an instrument other than one described in division (A) or (B) of this section is taken for an obligation, division (A) of this section shall apply if the instrument is one on which a bank is liable as maker or acceptor, and division (B) of this section shall apply in all other instances.