NY Mult Dwell L § 102 (2021)
2021 New York Laws MDW - Multiple Dwelling Article 4 - Fireproof Multiple Dwellings Title 1 - Fire Protection 102 - Stairs.

§  102.  Stairs.  1.  Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided in   subdivisions three and four and  in  paragraphs  b  to  j  inclusive  of   subdivision  six,  every  multiple dwelling which exceeds two stories in   height shall have at  least  two  fire-stairs.  Such  fire-stairs  shall   extend  from  the  entrance  story  to  the  roof  and  be equipped with   fireproof  self-closing  doors  glazed  with  wire  glass  and   without   transoms.  No windows shall be required in such stairs, but any openings   in exterior walls, except any window openings facing a street  or  yard,   shall  be equipped with fireproof frame and sash glazed with wire glass.   Entrances to such fire-stairs shall be at  least  fifteen  feet  distant   from  each  other  and  from  the  entrance to every other fire-stair or   fire-tower, except that the distance between two such entrances  may  be   less  if  they  are  on opposite sides of an elevator vestibule or other   public hall or are separated by an elevator shaft.    The  doors  giving   access to such stairs shall not be held open by any device whatever.2.  Every such fire-stair shall have an entrance on the entrance story   from a street or an entrance at the side or rear of the dwelling from  a   yard,  court  or  passageway  having  continuous,  safe and unobstructed   access to a street. Except as otherwise expressly provided in paragraphs   b to j inclusive of subdivision six, in a  dwelling  not  exceeding  one   hundred   twenty-five   feet  in  height  every  stair,  fire-stair  and   fire-tower shall be at least three feet in clear width, and  where  only   one  fire-stair  or fire-tower is required such fire-stair or fire-tower   shall be at least three feet eight inches in clear width. In a  dwelling   exceeding   one  hundred  twenty-five  feet  in  height  every  required   fire-stair shall be at least three feet eight inches in clear width from   the entrance story up to a floor level not more than  one  hundred  feet   below  the  ceiling  of  the  highest  story, and above such level every   fire-stair shall be at least three feet  in  clear  width.  Every  stair   landing  at  every floor level shall be at least three feet eight inches   in clear width in every direction.3. Except in dwellings erected under plans filed with  the  department   before  April  twenty-eighth,  nineteen  hundred  thirty,  and except as   otherwise provided in paragraphs b to j  inclusive  of  subdivision  six   there  shall  be  horizontal access from every apartment to at least two   fire-stairs, at least one of which shall  be  within  seventy-five  feet   horizontally  in the line of travel from a required means of egress from   such apartment.4. Except as provided in paragraphs b, c and d of subdivision  six,  a   fire-tower  may  be  substituted  for  any  required  fire-stair. When a   fire-tower is substituted for a fire-stair, such fire-tower shall comply   with all the applicable requirements for the fire-stair it replaces  and   shall  have  its  means  of  egress directly to a street or to a yard or   court having direct, unobstructed access to  a  street  without  passing   through  any  entrance hall; except that a fire-tower may have its means   of egress into a public vestibule if such means is not more than fifteen   feet from a street in the line of travel.5. The stairs in a tower or dwelling containing a  passenger  elevator   and  meeting  the  conditions of paragraphs f, g or h of subdivision six   may conform to the provisions of such paragraph and paragraph i of  such   subdivision in lieu of the different provisions which would otherwise be   applicable thereto.6.  Under  the  special  conditions  described  in  paragraphs  a to j   inclusive and in the following table, which  applies  only  to  class  A   dwellings,  stairs  shall  conform  to the applicable provisions of such   paragraphs and table.NOTE: TABLE FOUND IN CHAP. 234 OF THE LAWS OF 1964 a. Except as otherwise expressly provided in  this  paragraph  and  in   paragraphs  b to j inclusive of subdivision six, if the number of living   rooms on any story above the entrance story exceeds forty,  there  shall   be  an  additional  fire-stair  for each twenty living rooms or fraction   thereof  in excess of forty on any story above the entrance story.  Such   an additional fire-stair shall not be required if the number  of  living   rooms on no story above the entrance story exceeds fifty and in addition   the clear width of one fire-stair is at least one and one-half times the   width  specified for a fire-stair in subdivision two, the clear width of   every public hall connected with such fire-stair is  at  least  one  and   one-half  times  the  width  specified  for a public hall in section one   hundred seven and the clear width of every entrance hall connected  with   such  fire-stair  is at least one and one-half times the width specified   for an  entrance  hall  in  section  fifty.  Any  additional  fire-stair   constructed  pursuant to this paragraph need not be carried to a greater   height than the level of a roof, or of a terrace formed  by  a  setback,   above  the  highest  story  on  which  the number of rooms requires such   additional stair. When any fire-stair  terminates  at  the  level  of  a   setback  of  any  outer wall, such setback shall form a terrace at least   four feet in depth measured between the inside of the parapet  wall  and   the  wall  of  the  dwelling  and  at  least ten feet in length measured   parallel to the wall of the dwelling.b. In a class A dwelling or section thereof not exceeding six  stories   in  height,  for  which  plans  shall  have been filed in the department   before September first, nineteen hundred fifty-one, only one stair shall   be required, provided the number of apartments  having  access  to  such   stair  on  each  story  does  not exceed six and the aggregate number of   living rooms in such apartments does not exceed twenty, except that  the   total number of rooms above the first story shall not exceed one hundred   and  the  total  number  of  apartments  above the first story shall not   exceed thirty.   Such stair  shall  in  addition  comply  with  all  the   provisions  of  section  one  hundred  forty-eight relating to stairs in   non-fireproof dwellings, except that in lieu of a window such stair  may   have  at  each story an opening to a street or to a lawful yard or court   other than a court on a lot line. Such opening shall be at  least  forty   square  feet in area and five feet in width, and shall be furnished with   a properly secured guard railing  at  least  five  feet  in  height  and   approved  by  the  department.   Such opening shall be kept continuously   open to the outer air. No means of egress from  any  apartment  to  such   stair shall be more than twenty-five feet distant therefrom.c.  In a class A dwelling or section thereof not exceeding six stories   in height only one stair shall  be  required,  provided  the  number  of   living  rooms  on  any  story  above  the entrance story does not exceed   twenty.  If the number of living rooms on any story or  section  thereof   above  the  entrance  story exceeds twenty, there shall be an additional   stair for each twenty rooms or fraction thereof on  any  such  floor  or   section  in  excess of twenty, except that if the number of living rooms   on no such story or section above the entrance story exceeds thirty,  in   lieu  of  an  additional stair one stair and every public hall connected   therewith may be four feet six inches in clear width. Such  stair  shall   be  completely separated from every other stair, fire-stair, fire-tower,   public hall and shaft by fireproof walls. Doors to  stairs,  fire-stairs   and  fire-tower  balconies  from  any  public hall in such a dwelling or   section shall be at least three feet wide, self-closing  and  fireproof,   with  their  assemblies  also  fireproof.  The panels of every such door   shall be glazed with clear wire glass and no pane thereof  shall  exceed   three  hundred  sixty  square  inches  in  area.  Those  portions of the   enclosure partition which separate the public hall from the stair  shall    be glazed with wired plate glass at least one-quarter inch in thickness,   with  no pane more than three hundred sixty square inches in area, so as   to provide so far as practicable an unobstructed view of the stair  from   each  public  hall. Glass panels shall be at least twelve inches and not   more than sixteen inches above the floor  of  the  public  hall.  Public   halls  providing  access to any such enclosed stair shall be lighted and   ventilated as prescribed for  non-fireproof  dwellings  in  section  one   hundred  forty-nine.  No  means  of  egress from any apartment to such a   stair shall be more than fifty feet distant therefrom.d. In a class A dwelling or section thereof not exceeding six  stories   in  height  only  one  stair  shall  be required, provided the number of   apartments having access to such stair at each  story  does  not  exceed   eight  and  the aggregate number of living rooms in such apartments does   not exceed twenty-five, except that the total  number  of  living  rooms   above  the  first story shall not exceed one hundred twenty-five and the   total number of apartments above the first story shall not exceed forty.   No means of egress from any apartment to such stair shall be  more  than   twenty-five  feet  distant  therefrom.  Doors and stair enclosures shall   conform to the provisions of paragraph c.e. In a dwelling conforming to the provisions of paragraph b, c  or  d   the  lowest  story  may be designated as a basement if such story is not   used for living purposes but is used solely for storage or other general   utility purposes accessory to the occupancy, use and management  of  the   dwelling.   Such a basement shall not be deemed a story in computing the   height of the dwelling.f. Every  tower  erected  pursuant  to  plans  on  or  after  December   fifteenth,  nineteen  hundred sixty-one in a fireproof dwelling shall be   provided with at least one passenger elevator. Such  elevator  shall  be   operated  between  the  ground story and the highest story of such tower   containing any living  room  and  horizontal  access  thereto  shall  be   provided  at each story for every apartment in the tower. Stairs in such   a tower may comply with the following provisions of  this  paragraph  in   lieu  of  the  different  provisions  otherwise applicable. In such case   there shall be provided at least one fire-stair. If there are more  than   fifteen  living  rooms  on  any  story  of  the tower, there shall be an   additional fire-stair for each additional fifteen such rooms or fraction   thereof. Every fire-stair so required shall extend from the top story of   the tower to the entrance hall  of  the  dwelling  and  be  horizontally   accessible from each story of every apartment in the tower. If the tower   was  erected  under  plans  filed  with the department on or after April   twenty-eighth, nineteen hundred thirty, it shall also have an additional   means of egress as provided in paragraph i of this subdivision.g. In a dwelling in which one or more passenger elevators are operated   with horizontal access from every apartment in the dwelling and in which   every story has an area of not more than twenty-five hundred square feet   exclusive of elevator shafts, public halls, stairs and  fire-stairs  and   contains  not more than fifteen living rooms, stairs may comply with the   provisions of  this  paragraph  in  lieu  of  the  different  provisions   otherwise  applicable.  In  such  case  there  shall  be  at  least  one   fire-stair, and there need not be more than one,  accessible  from  each   apartment  on  each  story  and  extending from the roof to the entrance   story with unobstructed access to a street. If the dwelling was  erected   under  plans  filed with the department on or after April twenty-eighth,   nineteen hundred thirty, it shall  also  have  an  additional  means  of   egress as provided in paragraph i.h.  When  a  dwelling  is divided into sections by unpierced fireproof   construction extending from the second tier of beams  above  the  ground   story  to  the roof, and one or more passenger elevators are operated in    each such section with horizontal access from  each  apartment  therein,   and  every  story of each such section above the entrance story contains   not more than ten living rooms where there are four or  more  apartments   on  such  story  or  not  more than fifteen living rooms where there are   three apartments or less on such  story,  stairs  may  comply  with  the   provisions  of  this  paragraph  in  lieu  of  the  different provisions   otherwise applicable. In such case there shall be in each  such  section   at  least one fire-stair, and there need not be more than one, extending   from the roof to the  entrance  story  with  unobstructed  access  to  a   street.  If  the  dwelling  was  erected  under  plans  filed  with  the   department on or after April  twenty-eighth,  nineteen  hundred  thirty,   each  such  section  shall  also  have  an additional means of egress as   provided in paragraph i.i. The main means of  egress  from  every  apartment  in  a  tower  or   dwelling  erected  pursuant  to  the  provisions of paragraph f, g, or h   shall  be  within  twenty-five  feet  of  a   fire-stair   meeting   the   requirements  of  such  paragraph.  If the tower or dwelling was erected   under plans filed with the department on or  after  April  twenty-eight,   nineteen  hundred  thirty, egress shall also be provided, in addition to   the required fire-stairs, by means of another stair extending  from  the   main  roof  of  the dwelling, or in the case of a tower from the highest   story thereof, to the entrance story,  with  unobstructed  access  to  a   street. Such additional stair shall be horizontally accessible from each   apartment  at  each  story  through a vestibule or other public hall and   shall conform with all the requirements for a fire-stair except that its   clear width may be reduced to a  minimum  of  twenty-eight  inches,  its   risers  may  be increased to a maximum of nine inches in height, and its   treads, exclusive of nosing, may be reduced to a minimum of eight inches   in width. No door giving access thereto shall swing into such stair.j. A class B dwelling in which at  least  eighty  per  centum  of  the   living  rooms  above  the  second story open directly upon a public hall   without any intervening foyer or private hall, shall have at  least  two   fire-stairs  accessible  at  each  story from each room through a public   hall. Such fire-stairs shall be so located that at least one  fire-stair   shall  be  not  more than one hundred twenty-five feet along the line of   travel from the means  of  egress  from  any  living  room.  Every  such   fire-stair shall have a clear width of at least three feet eight inches.   Two  such  fire-stairs shall be deemed adequate for seventy living rooms   on any story. For each thirty-five living rooms or fraction  thereof  in   excess of seventy on any story there shall be one additional fire-stair;   except that if such fractional excess number of living rooms is not more   than  twenty per centum of the total number of living rooms provided for   by the required two fire-stairs and one additional fire-stair  for  each   thirty-five  living  rooms,  if  any,  in  excess of seventy, in lieu of   another fire-stair for such fractional excess number  of  living  rooms,   the  area  of every fire-stair landing at such story may be increased by   not less than two square feet for each living room  of  such  fractional   excess  number  of living rooms. In every such dwelling each living room   which is occupied by three persons or  more  shall  be  counted  as  one   additional  room for each four hundred cubic feet or fraction thereof in   excess of eight hundred cubic feet in the cubic content of such room.