reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MA Gen L ch 175i § 15 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 15 - Violations; Notice; Hearings; Service of Process

Section 15. (a) Whenever the commissioner has reason to believe that an insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization has been or is engaged in conduct in the commonwealth which violates this chapter, or if the commissioner believes that an insurance-support organization has been or is engaged in conduct outside the commonwealth which has an effect on a person residing in the commonwealth and which violates this chapter, the commissioner shall issue and serve upon such insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization a statement of charges and notice of hearing to be held at a time and place fixed in the notice, the date of such hearing shall be not less than twenty-one business days after the date of service.  (b) At the time and place fixed for such hearing the insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization charged shall have an opportunity to answer the charges against it and present evidence on its behalf. Upon good cause shown, the commissioner shall permit any adversely affected person to intervene, appear and be heard at such hearing by counsel or in person.  (c) At any hearing conducted pursuant to this section the commissioner may administer oaths, examine and cross-examine witnesses and receive oral and documentary evidence. The commissioner shall have the power to subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance and require the production of books, papers, records, correspondence and other documents which are relevant to the hearing. A stenographic record of the hearing shall be made upon the request of any party or at the discretion of the commissioner. If no stenographic record is made and if judicial review is sought, the commissioner shall prepare a statement of the evidence for use on the review. Hearings conducted under this section shall be governed by the same rules of evidence and procedure applicable to administrative proceedings conducted under the laws of the commonwealth.  (d) Statements of charges, notices, orders and other processes of the commissioner under this chapter may be served by anyone duly authorized to act on behalf of the commissioner. Service of process may be completed in the manner provided by law for service of process in civil actions or by registered mail. A copy of the statement of charges, notice, order or other process shall be provided to the person or persons whose rights under this chapter have been allegedly violated. A verified return setting forth the manner of service, or return postcard receipt in the case of registered mail, shall be sufficient proof of service.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 16 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 16 - Agent for Service of Process

Section 16. For the purpose of this chapter, an insurance-support organization transacting business outside the commonwealth which has an effect on a person residing in the commonwealth shall be deemed to have appointed the commissioner to accept service of process on its behalf; provided, however, that the commissioner causes a copy of such service to be mailed forthwith by registered mail to the insurance-support organization at its last known principal place of business. The return postcard receipt for such mailing shall be sufficient proof that the same was properly mailed by the commissioner.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 17 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 17 - Findings; Orders to Cease and Desist; Reports

Section 17. (a) If, after a hearing pursuant to section fifteen, the commissioner finds that the insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization charged has engaged in conduct or practices in violation of this chapter, the commissioner shall put such findings in writing and shall issue and cause to be served upon such insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization a copy of such findings and an order requiring such insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization to cease and desist from the conduct or practices constituting a violation of this chapter.  (b) If, after a hearing pursuant to section fifteen, the commissioner determines that the insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization charged has not engaged in conduct or practices in violation of this chapter, the commissioner shall prepare a written report which sets forth findings of fact and conclusions of law. Such report shall be served upon the insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization charged and upon the person or persons, if any, whose rights under this chapter were allegedly violated.  (c) Until the expiration of the time allowed under section nineteen for filing a petition for review or until such petition is actually filed, whichever occurs first, the commissioner may modify or set aside any order or report issued under this section. After the expiration of the time allowed under section nineteen for filing a petition for review, if no such petition has been duly filed, the commissioner may, after notice and opportunity for hearing, alter, modify or set aside, in whole or in part, any order or report issued under this section whenever conditions of fact or law warrant such action or if the public interest so requires.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 18 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 18 - Penalties; Violations of Cease and Desist Orders

Section 18. (a) In any case where a hearing pursuant to section fifteen results in the findings of a knowing violation of this chapter, the commissioner may, in addition to the issuance of a cease and desist order as prescribed in section seventeen, order payment of a monetary penalty of not more than one thousand dollars for each such violation; provided, however, that:  (1) in a hearing to which an insurance representative is a party, the monetary penalty imposed against such insurance representative shall not exceed ten thousand dollars in the aggregate for multiple violations; and  (2) in a hearing to which an insurance institution or insurance-support organization is a party, the monetary penalty imposed against such insurance institution or insurance-support organization shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars in the aggregate for multiple violations.  (b) Any person who violates a cease and desist order of the commissioner under section seventeen may, after notice and hearing and upon order of commissioner, be subject to one or more of the following penalties, at the discretion of the commissioner:  (1) a monetary fine of not more than ten thousand dollars for each such violation;  (2) a monetary fine of not more than fifty thousand dollars if the commissioner finds that such violation has occurred with such frequency as to constitute a general business practice; or  (3) suspension or revocation of an insurance institution's or insurance representative's license.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 19 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 19 - Judicial Review; Filing Deadline; Jurisdiction; Orders

Section 19. (a) Any person subject to an order of the commissioner under section seventeen or section eighteen or any person whose rights under this chapter were allegedly violated may obtain a review of any order or report of the commissioner by filing in the supreme judicial court, within twenty days from the date of the service of such order or report, a written petition requesting that the order or report of the commissioner be set aside. A copy of such petition shall be simultaneously served upon the commissioner, who shall forthwith certify and file in such court a transcript of the entire record of the proceeding giving rise to the order or report which is the subject of the petition. Upon filing of the petition and transcript, the supreme judicial court shall have jurisdiction to make and enter a decree modifying, affirming or reversing any order or report of the commissioner, in whole or in part. The findings of the commissioner as to the facts supporting any order or report, if supported by clear and convincing evidence, shall be conclusive.  (b) To the extent an order or report of the commissioner is affirmed, the court shall issue its own order commanding obedience to the terms of the order or report of the commissioner. If any party affected by an order or report of the commissioner shall apply to the court for leave to produce additional evidence and shall show to the satisfaction of the court that such additional evidence is material and that there are reasonable grounds for the failure to produce such evidence in prior proceedings, the court may order such additional evidence to be taken before the commissioner in such manner and upon such terms and conditions as the court may deem proper. The commissioner may modify his findings of fact or make new findings by reason of the additional evidence so taken and shall file such modified or new findings along with any recommendation, if any, for the modification or revocation of a previous order or report. If supported by clear and convincing evidence, the modified or new findings shall be conclusive as to the matters contained therein.  (c) An order or report issued by the commissioner under sections seventeen or eighteen shall become final:  (1) upon the expiration of the time allowed for the filing of a petition for review, if no such petition has been duly filed; except that the commissioner may modify or set aside an order or report to the extent provided in subsection (c) of section seventeen; or  (2) upon a final decision of the supreme judicial court if the court directs that the order or report of the commissioner be affirmed or the petition for review dismissed.  (d) No order or report of the commissioner under this chapter or order of a court to enforce the same shall in any way relieve or absolve any person affected by such order or report from any liability under any law of the commonwealth.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 20 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 20 - Equitable Relief; Damages; Costs and Attorney's Fees; Limitation of Actions

Section 20. (a) If any insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization fails to comply with sections eight, nine or ten with respect to the rights granted under said sections, any person whose rights are violated may apply to the superior court, or any other court of competent jurisdiction, for appropriate equitable relief.  (b) An insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization which discloses information in violation of section thirteen shall be liable for special and compensatory damages sustained by the individual to whom the information relates.  (c) In any action brought pursuant to this section, the court may award the cost of the action and reasonable attorney's fees to the prevailing party.  (d) An action under this section must be brought within two years from the date the alleged violation is or should have been discovered.  (e) Except as specifically provided in this section, there shall be no remedy or recovery available to an individual, in law or in equity, for an occurrence constituting a violation of any provisions of this chapter.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 21 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 21 - Disclosure of Information; Immunity

Section 21. No cause of action in the nature of defamation, invasion of privacy or negligence shall arise against any person for disclosing personal or privileged information in accordance with this chapter; provided, however, this section shall provide no immunity:  (1) for any person who discloses false information with malice or willful intent to injure any person; or  (2) for any person who misidentifies an individual as the subject of information and who discloses such misidentified information to others.
MA Gen L ch 175i § 22 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175i - Insurance Information and Privacy Protection|Section 22 - Information Obtained by False Pretenses; Penalties

Section 22. Any person who knowingly and willfully obtains information about an individual from an insurance institution, insurance representative or insurance-support organization under false pretenses shall be fined not more than ten thousand dollars or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both such fine and imprisonment.
MA Gen L ch 175j § 1 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175j - Administrative Supervision and Hazardous Financial Conditions of Insurities|Section 1 - Definitions

Section 1. As used in this chapter the following words shall, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, have the following meanings:—  ''Insurer'', includes every entity or person licensed, authorized or permitted by the commissioner to transact the business of insurance in the commonwealth, and for which the commissioner is granted authority to conduct an examination into its affairs; provided, however, that nonprofit hospital and medical service corporations under chapters one hundred and seventy-six A and one hundred and seventy-six B, medical service corporations under chapter one hundred and seventy-six C, dental service corporations under chapter one hundred and seventy-six E, optometric service corporations under chapter one hundred and seventy-six F, health maintenance organizations under chapter one hundred and seventy-six G, and preferred provider organizations under chapter one hundred and seventy-six I, shall not be construed to be ''insurers'' except for the limited purpose of administrative supervision under the provisions of chapter one hundred and seventy-five J.  ''Exceeded its powers'', one or more of the following conditions:  (1) the insurer has refused to permit examination of its books, papers, accounts, records or affairs by the commissioner, his deputies, employees or duly commissioned examiners;  (2) a domestic insurer has unlawfully removed from the commonwealth books, papers, accounts or records necessary for an examination of the insurer;  (3) the insurer has failed to promptly comply with the applicable financial reporting statutes or regulations and lawful division requests relating thereto;  (4) the insurer has neglected or refused to observe an order of the commissioner to make good, within the time prescribed by law, any prohibited deficiency in its capital, capital stock or surplus;  (5) the insurer is continuing to transact insurance or write business after its license has been revoked or suspended by the commissioner;  (6) the insurer, by contract or otherwise, has unlawfully or has in violation of an order of the commissioner or has without first having obtained written approval of the commissioner if approval is required by law: (i) totally reinsured its entire outstanding business; or (ii) merged or consolidated substantially its entire property or business with another insurer;  (7) the insurer engaged in any transaction in which it is not authorized or permitted to engage under the laws of this chapter, chapter one hundred and seventy-five, chapter one hundred and seventy-six D or any other applicable provision of the General Laws; or  (8) the insurer refused to comply with a lawful order of the commissioner.  ''Consent'', an agreement to administrative supervision by the insurer.
MA Gen L ch 175j § 2 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175j - Administrative Supervision and Hazardous Financial Conditions of Insurities|Section 2 - Applicability

Section 2. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to all domestic insurers, and any other insurer doing business in the commonwealth whose state of domicile has requested in writing for the commissioner to apply the provisions of this chapter as regards such insurer.
MA Gen L ch 175j § 4 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175j - Administrative Supervision and Hazardous Financial Conditions of Insurities|Section 4 - Authority of Administrative Supervisor

Section 4. (A) During the period of supervision, the commissioner or the commissioner's designee shall serve as the administrative supervisor. The administrative supervisor may impose operating restrictions or requirements on the insurer during the period of administrative supervision which are deemed necessary for the protection of policyholders or the general public. The administrative supervisor may order the insurer to:  (1) reduce the total amount of present and potential liability for policy benefits by reinsurance;  (2) reduce, suspend or limit the volume of business being accepted or renewed;  (3) reduce general insurance and commission expenses by specified methods;  (4) increase the insurer's capital and surplus;  (5) suspend or limit the declaration and payment of dividends by an insurer to its stockholders or to its policyholders;  (6) file reports in a form acceptable to the commissioner concerning the market value of an insurer's assets;  (7) limit or withdraw from certain investments or discontinue certain investment practices to the extent the commissioner deems necessary;  (8) document the adequacy of premium rates in relation to the risks insured;  (9) file, in addition to regular annual statements, interim financial reports on the form adopted by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners or on such format as promulgated by the commissioner; or  (10) cease from engaging in certain business practices which are illegal or which the administrative supervisor deems harmful to policyholders or the general public.  (B) In addition to the provisions of subsection (A), the administrative supervisor may provide that the insurer may not do any of the following things during the period of supervision without the prior approval of the administrative supervisor:  (1) dispose of, convey or encumber any of its assets or its business in force;  (2) withdraw any funds from its bank accounts;  (3) lend any of its funds;  (4) invest any of its property;  (5) transfer any of its property;  (6) incur any debt, obligation or liability;  (7) merge or consolidate with any company;  (8) approve new premiums or renew any policies;  (9) enter into any new reinsurance contract or treaty;  (10) terminate, surrender, forfeit, convert, or lapse any insurance policy, certificate or contract, except for nonpayment of premiums due;  (11) release, pay or refund premium deposits, accrued cash or loan values, unearned premiums, or other reserves on any insurance policy, certificate or contract;  (12) make any material change in management; or  (13) increase salaries and benefits of officers or directors or the preferential payment of bonuses, dividends or other payments deemed preferential.  (C) If the insurer is a foreign insurer the administrative supervisor's order may be limited to the extent provided by statute.
MA Gen L ch 175j § 5 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175j - Administrative Supervision and Hazardous Financial Conditions of Insurities|Section 5 - Extension or Release From Supervision

Section 5. (A) If placed under administrative supervision by an order issued pursuant to subsection (E) of section three, the insurer shall have sixty days, or another period of time as designated by the commissioner, to comply with the requirements of the commissioner.  (B) If it is determined after notice and hearing that the conditions giving rise to the supervision still exist at the end of the supervision period specified above, the commissioner may extend such period.  (C) If it is determined that none of the conditions giving rise to the supervision exist, the commissioner shall release the insurer from supervision.
MA Gen L ch 175j § 6 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 175j - Administrative Supervision and Hazardous Financial Conditions of Insurities|Section 6 - Confidentiality of Proceedings and Records

Section 6. (A) Except as provided in this section, and notwithstanding any other provision of the General Laws, including clause Twenty-sixth of section seven of chapter four and chapter sixty-six, all administrative and judicial proceedings arising under this chapter shall be held privately unless a public hearing is requested by the insurer, and all proceedings, hearings, notices, correspondence, reports, records and other information in the possession of the commissioner relating to the supervision of any insurer are confidential.  (B) All records of the insurer and all records of the commissioner concerning the insurer, so far as they pertain to or are a part of the record of the proceedings under this chapter, shall be and remain confidential, and shall not be subject to disclosure under clause Twenty-sixth of section seven of chapter four and chapter sixty-six or any other applicable provision of the General Laws, unless the insurer requests otherwise. Such records shall not be subject to subpoena by third parties, unless the insurer and the commissioner consent to such disclosure or release under subpoena.  (C) The personnel of the division shall have access to these proceedings, hearings, notices, correspondence, reports, records or information as permitted by the commissioner. The commissioner may open the proceedings or hearings or disclose the notices, correspondence, reports, records or information to a department, agency or instrumentality of this or any other state of the United States if the commissioner determines that the disclosure is necessary or proper for the enforcement of the laws of this or any other state of the United States.  (D) The commissioner may open the proceedings or hearings or make public the notices, correspondence, reports, records or other information if the commissioner deems that it is in the best interest of the public or in the best interest of the insurer, its insureds, creditors or the general public.  (E) The provisions of this section shall not apply to proceedings held pursuant to section one hundred and eighty B or one hundred and eighty C or chapter one hundred and seventy-five.