reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 46-3-180 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-3-180. Effect of Article on Cause of Action, Liability, Penalty, or Special Proceeding Accrued, Existing, Incurred, or Pending as of July 1, 1981

 The repeal of a prior Act by this article shall not affect any cause of action, liability, penalty, or action or special proceeding which is accrued, existing, incurred, or pending on July 1, 1981; but the same may be asserted, enforced, prosecuted, or defended as if the prior Act had not been repealed.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 4.)
GA Code § 46-3-181 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-3-181. Reservation of Power by General Assembly

 The General Assembly shall at all times have power to prescribe such regulations, provisions, and limitations as it may deem advisable, which regulations, provisions, and limitations shall be binding upon any and all persons which are subject to this article; and the General Assembly shall have power to amend, repeal, or modify this article at pleasure.   (Code 1933, § 34C-107, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)
GA Code § 46-3-182 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-3-182. Construction of Article as Against Part 1 of Article 1 of This Chapter, the "Georgia Territorial Electric Service act."

 Nothing in this article repeals, or is intended to repeal, either expressly or by implication, any provision of Part 1 of Article 1 of this chapter, the "Georgia Territorial Electric Service Act."   (Code 1933, § 34C-108, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)
GA Code § 46-3-200 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-200. Purposes of Electric Membership Corporations

 An electric membership corporation may serve any one or more of the following purposes:    Furnish electrical energy and service;   Assist its members in the efficient and economical use of energy;   Engage in research and promote and develop energy conservation and sources and methods of conserving, producing, converting, and delivering energy;   Provide and operate broadband facilities and provide and use the broadband services described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (8.1) of Code Section 46-3-171;   Furnish on a nondiscriminatory basis the broadband services described in subparagraphs (C) and (D) of paragraph (8.1) of Code Section 46-3-171;   Form, fund, support, and operate a broadband affiliate, directly or indirectly, contingent upon compliance with Code Sections 46-5-163 and 46-3-200.2; and   Engage in any lawful act or activity necessary or convenient to effect the foregoing purposes.    (Ga. L. 1937, p. 644, § 3; Code 1933, § 34C-201, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1; Ga. L. 2019, p. 226, § 2/SB 2.)    The 2019 amendment,  effective April 26, 2019, rewrote this Code section, which read: "An electric membership corporation may serve any one or more of the following purposes:   "(1) To furnish electrical energy and service;   "(2) To assist its members in the efficient and economical use of energy;   "(3) To engage in research and to promote and develop energy conservation and sources and methods of conserving, producing, converting, and delivering energy; and   "(4) To engage in any lawful act or activity necessary or convenient to effect the foregoing purposes."   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 27A Am. Jur. 2d, Energy and Power Sources, §§ 14, 15, 34, 43.   C.J.S.   - 29 C.J.S., Electricity, §§ 10-15.
GA Code § 46-3-200.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-200.1. Authorized Acts of Electric Membership Corporation or Broadband Affiliate

 In order to assist a broadband affiliate in the planning, engineering, construction, extension, provision, operation, repair, and maintenance of broadband services, an electric membership corporation or its broadband affiliate shall be authorized to:    Apply for, accept, repay, and utilize loans, grants, and other financing from any person; and   Enter into contracts, agreements, partnerships, or other types of business relationships with any person.     (Code 1981, §46-3-200.1, enacted by Ga. L. 2019, p. 226, § 3/SB 2.)
GA Code § 46-3-200.3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-200.3. Rights, Powers, and Benefits to Broadband Affiliates of Electric Membership Corporations

 Broadband affiliates shall have all of the rights, powers, and benefits granted to other entities under the provisions of Title 14 and shall not be subject to any restrictions contained in this article, except that a broadband affiliate shall:    Only serve the purposes of developing, providing, furnishing, or promoting broadband facilities and broadband services, or a combination of such purposes; and   Be subject to the provisions of Code Section 46-3-200.2.     (Code 1981, §46-3-200.3, enacted by Ga. L. 2019, p. 226, § 3/SB 2.)
GA Code § 46-3-202 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-202. Defense of Ultra Vires

 No act of an electric membership corporation and no conveyance or transfer of real or personal property to or by an electric membership corporation shall be invalid by reason of the fact that the electric membership corporation was without capacity or power to do such act or to make or receive such conveyance or transfer; but such lack of capacity or power may be asserted:    In an action by a member or director against the electric membership corporation to enjoin the doing of any act or the transfer of real or personal property by or to the electric membership corporation, unless the plaintiff has assented to the act or transfer in question or in bringing the action is acting in collusion with officials of the electric membership corporation. If the unauthorized act or transfer sought to be enjoined is being or is to be performed or made pursuant to any contract to which the electric membership corporation is a party, the court may, if all the parties to the contract are parties to the action and if it deems the same to be equitable, set aside and enjoin the performance of such contract and in so doing may allow to the electric membership corporation or to the other parties to the contract, as the case may be, compensation for the loss or damage sustained by either of them which may result from the action of the court in setting aside and enjoining the performance of such contracts; but anticipated profits to be derived from the performance of the contract shall not be awarded by the court as a loss or damage sustained;   In an action by the electric membership corporation, whether acting directly or through a receiver, trustee, or other legal representative or through members in a representative action, against an incumbent or former officer or director of the electric membership corporation for loss or damage due to his unauthorized act; or   In an action by the Attorney General to dissolve the electric membership corporation or in an action by the Attorney General to enjoin the electric membership corporation from the transaction of unauthorized business.    (Code 1933, § 34C-203, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 19 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 2009-2012, 2014-2016, 2034.   C.J.S.   - 19 C.J.S., Corporations, §§ 573-579.
GA Code § 46-3-203 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-203. Unauthorized Assumption of Corporate Powers

 All persons who assume to act as an electric membership corporation before the Secretary of State has issued the certificate of incorporation to the incorporator or incorporators or his or their attorney shall be jointly and severally liable for all debts and liabilities incurred or arising as a result thereof.   (Code 1933, § 34C-204, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 19 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 1521-1634.
GA Code § 46-3-204 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-204. Limitations as to Actions Growing Out of Acquisition of Rights of Way, Easements, or Occupation of Lands of Others; Damages Recoverable

 All rights of action accruing against any electric membership corporation growing out of the acquisition of rights of way or easements or the occupying of lands of others by such electric membership corporations shall be barred at the end of 12 months from the date of the accrual of such cause of action; and in cases where any such electric membership corporation is in possession of the lands of others without having condemned the property as provided, and such electric membership corporation is using any such land of another for any of the purposes for which an electric membership corporation may be created under this article, and the owners of the land took no legal steps to prevent the occupation of the land by the electric membership corporation, the rights of the owner of the land shall be limited to whatever damages may have been caused to his realty by such occupation; and this limitation shall apply to all persons whether sui juris or not.   (Ga. L. 1939, p. 312, § 3; Code 1933, § 34C-205, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 26 Am. Jur. 2d, Eminent Domain, §§ 136. 171 et seq.   27 Am. Jur. 2d, Eminent Domain, §§ 910, 911, 912, 917.   C.J.S.   - 29 C.J.S., Electricity, § 59.   ALR.   - Effect of fraud to toll the period for bringing action prescribed in statute creating the right of action, 15 A.L.R.2d 500.   Settlement negotiations as estopping reliance on statute of limitations, 39 A.L.R.3d 127.   Fraud as extending statutory limitations period for contesting will or its probate, 48 A.L.R.4th 1094.
GA Code § 46-3-205 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 2 - Corporate Purposes and Powers|§ 46-3-205. Use of Easements

  The General Assembly finds that electric membership corporations providing broadband services should be permitted to use existing electric easements to provide or expand access to broadband services. The General Assembly also finds that utilizing existing electric easements to provide broadband services, without the placement of additional poles or other ground based structures, does not change the physical use of the easement, interfere with or impair any vested rights of the owner or occupier of the real property subject to the electric easement, or place any additional burden on the property interests of such owner or occupier. Consequently, the installation and operation of broadband services within any electric easement are merely changes in the manner or degree of the granted use as appropriate to accommodate a new technology and, absent any applicable express prohibition contained in the instrument conveying or granting the electric easement, shall be deemed as a matter of law to be a permitted use within the scope of every electric easement.   Subject to compliance with any express prohibitions in an electric easement, the owner of an electric easement may use an electric easement to install, maintain, lease, and operate broadband services without incurring liability to the owner or occupant of the real property subject to the electric easement or paying additional compensation to the owner or occupant of the real property subject to the electric easement, so long as no additional poles or other ground based structures are installed; provided, however, that any electric utility owning an electric easement may assess fees and charges and impose reasonable conditions on the use of its facilities within an electric easement for the purpose of providing or supporting broadband services.   Nothing in this Code section shall in any way affect, abrogate, or eliminate the obligation of an owner of an electric easement that is located on, along, over, across, or under property owned or controlled by a railroad company or state agency to comply with the application, review, safety, and permit requirements of such railroad company or state agency for projects of the nature contemplated by this Code section. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, insurance coverage and responsibility of the owner of an electric easement to pay for costs incurred by a railroad company or state agency related to such requirements, such as safety measures and engineering review costs. For purposes of this subsection, the term "state agency" means any department, division, board, bureau, commission, or other agency of the state government or any state authority.     (Code 1981, §46-3-205, enacted by Ga. L. 2019, p. 226, § 4/SB 2; Ga. L. 2020, p. 485, § 1/SB 370.)
GA Code § 46-3-221 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 3 - Corporate Name|§ 46-3-221. Reservation of Names

  The exclusive right to the use of a corporate name may be reserved by:   Any person intending to organize an electric membership corporation under this article;   Any electric membership corporation intending to change its name;   Any foreign electric cooperative intending to make application for a certificate of authority to transact business in this state;   Any foreign electric cooperative authorized to transact business in this state and intending to change its name; or   Any person intending to organize a foreign electric cooperative and intending to have such foreign electric cooperative make application for a certificate of authority to transact business in this state.     The reservation shall be made by making application to the Secretary of State to reserve a specified corporate name. If the Secretary of State finds that the name is available for corporate use, he shall reserve the name for the exclusive use of the applicant for a period of four calendar months from the date of filing. An extension of this period may be granted by the Secretary of State for good cause shown.   Any person or electric membership corporation acquiring the right to use the corporate name of an electric membership corporation or other domestic corporation or of a foreign corporation or foreign electric cooperative authorized to transact business in this state may, on furnishing the Secretary of State satisfactory evidence of such acquisition, reserve the exclusive right to such corporate name for a period of five years.   The right to the exclusive use of a specified corporate name reserved as provided in this Code section may be transferred to any person by filing in the office of the Secretary of State a notice of such transfer, executed by the applicant for whom the name was reserved and specifying the name and address of the transferee.   The Secretary of State may revoke any reservation if, after hearing in his office, he finds that the application therefor or any transfer was not made in good faith.    (Code 1933, § 34C-302, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)
GA Code § 46-3-240 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 4 - Registered Office, Registered Agents, Service of Process, and Venue|§ 46-3-240. Registered Office and Registered Agent

  Each electric membership corporation shall have and continuously maintain in this state:   A registered office which may be, but need not be, the same as its place of business; and   A registered agent, which agent may be:   A natural person residing in this state whose business office is identical with such registered office; or   A domestic corporation or a foreign corporation authorized to transact business in this state, such domestic or foreign corporation having a business office identical with such registered office.       The Secretary of State shall maintain current records, alphabetically arranged by corporate name, of the address of each electric membership corporation's registered office and of the name and address of each electric membership corporation's registered agent.   No registered agent shall be appointed without his or its prior written consent. Such written consent shall be filed with or as part of the document first appointing any registered agent and shall be in such form as the Secretary of State may prescribe.    (Code 1933, § 34C-401, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 306. 19 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 2195, 2196, 2202, 2206, 2212, 2844, 2903.   C.J.S.   - 19 C.J.S., Corporations, § 2053.
GA Code § 46-3-241 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 4 - Registered Office, Registered Agents, Service of Process, and Venue|§ 46-3-241. Change of Registered Office or Registered Agent

  An electric membership corporation may change its registered office or change its registered agent, or both, by executing and filing in the office of the Secretary of State a statement setting forth:   The name of the electric membership corporation;   The address of its then registered office;   If the address of its registered office is to be changed, the new address of the registered office;   The name of its then registered agent;   If its registered agent is to be changed, the name of its successor registered agent and the written consent of such successor agent to his appointment; and   That the address of its registered office and the address of the business office of its registered agent, as changed, will be identical.     If the Secretary of State finds that such statement conforms to subsection (a) of this Code section, he shall file such statement in his office; and upon such filing, the change of address of the registered office or the change of the registered agent, or both, as the case may be, shall become effective.   Any registered agent of an electric membership corporation may resign as such agent upon filing a written notice thereof with the Secretary of State. The appointment of such agent shall terminate upon the expiration of 30 days after receipt of such notice by the Secretary of State. There shall be attached to such notice an affidavit of such agent, if an individual, or of an officer thereof, if a corporation, that at least ten days prior to the date of filing such notice a written notice of the agent's intention to resign was mailed or delivered to the president, secretary, or treasurer of the electric membership corporation for which such agent is acting. Upon such resignation's becoming effective, the address of the business office of the resigned registered agent shall no longer be the registered office of the electric membership corporation.   A registered agent may change his or its business address and the address of the registered office of any electric membership corporation of which he or it is registered agent to another place within the same county by filing a statement as required in subsection (a) of this Code section, except that such statement need be signed only by the registered agent and need not be responsive to paragraph (5) of subsection (a) of this Code section and must state that a copy of the statement has been mailed or delivered to a representative of such electric membership corporation other than the notifying registered agent.    (Code 1933, § 34C-402, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)
GA Code § 46-3-243 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 3 - Electrical Service|Article 4 - Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives|Part 4 - Registered Office, Registered Agents, Service of Process, and Venue|§ 46-3-243. Venue in Proceedings Against Electric Membership Corporations and Foreign Electric Cooperatives Generally

  Notwithstanding Code Section 46-1-2, venue in proceedings against an electric membership corporation or foreign electric cooperative shall be determined in accordance with the Constitution of Georgia and this Code section.   Unless otherwise required by the Constitution of Georgia, an electric membership corporation or foreign electric cooperative may be sued only in the county of its residence, as described below:   Each electric membership corporation and each foreign electric cooperative authorized to transact business in this state shall be deemed to reside in the county where its registered office is maintained. If any such electric membership corporation or foreign electric cooperative fails to maintain a registered office, it shall be deemed to reside in the county in this state where its last-named registered office or principal office, as shown by the records of the Secretary of State, was maintained;   Each electric membership corporation and each foreign electric cooperative authorized to transact business in this state shall be deemed to reside and may be sued on contracts in the county in which the contract sought to be enforced was made or is to be performed, if it has an office and transacts business in that county;   Each electric membership corporation and each foreign electric cooperative authorized to transact business in this state shall be deemed to reside, and may be sued for damages because of torts, wrong, or injury done, in the county where the cause of action originated, if it has an office and transacts business in that county.      (Code 1933, § 34C-404, enacted by Ga. L. 1981, p. 1587, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 19 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 2180-2184, 2186, 2188, 2189, 2191.   C.J.S.   - 29 C.J.S., Electricity, § 59.