reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 600.2939 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2939 - Gaming; Action by Loser; Oath of Parties; Prosecution According to Common Law; Forfeiture; Limitation; Securities; Lands Enuring of Benefit.

600.2939 Gaming; action by loser; oath of parties; prosecution according to common law; forfeiture; limitation; securities; lands enuring of benefit. Sec. 2939.  (1) In any suit brought by the person losing any money or goods, against the person receiving the same, when it appears from the complaint that the money or goods came to the hands of the defendant by gaming, if the plaintiff makes oath before the court in which such suit is pending, that the money or goods were lost by gaming with the defendant as alleged in the complaint, judgment shall be rendered that the plaintiff recovered damages to the amount of the said money or goods, unless the defendant makes oath that he did not obtain the same, or any part thereof by gaming with the plaintiff; and if he so discharges himself, he shall recover of the plaintiff his costs; but the plaintiff may at his election, maintain and prosecute his action according to the usual course of proceedings in such actions at common law.  (2) Every person who wins or loses, at any time or sitting, by gaming or betting on the hands or sides of such as are gaming, any money or goods, to the value of $5.00 or more, whether the same is paid over or delivered, or not, shall forfeit and pay 3 times the value of such money or goods if the action therefor is commenced within 6 months after the committing of the offense.  (3) All notes, bills, bonds, mortgages, or other securities or conveyances whatever, in which the whole or any part of the consideration, shall be for any money or goods won by playing at cards, dice, or any other game whatever, or by betting on the sides or hands of such as are gaming, or by any betting or gaming whatever, or for reimbursing or repaying any moneys knowingly lent or advanced for any gaming or betting, shall be void and of no effect, as between the parties to the same, and as to all persons, except such as shall hold or claim under them in good faith, and without notice of the illegality of such contract or conveyance.  (4) Whenever any mortgage or other conveyance of land is adjudged void under (3), such lands shall enure to the sole benefit of such person or persons as would be entitled thereto, if the mortgagor or grantor were naturally dead; and all grants and conveyances for preventing such lands from coming to or devolving upon the person or persons to whose use, and benefit the said lands would so enure, is fraudulent and of no effect, except as against purchasers in good faith, and without notice of the illegality of such mortgage or other conveyance. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2940 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2940 - Nuisance; Abatement; Circuit Court; Injunction; Private Nuisance; Damages; Warrant to Abate and Remove Nuisance; Expense; Actions.

600.2940 Nuisance; abatement; circuit court; injunction; private nuisance; damages; warrant to abate and remove nuisance; expense; actions. Sec. 2940.  (1) All claims based on or to abate nuisance may be brought in the circuit court. The circuit court may grant injunctions to stay and prevent nuisance.  (2) When the plaintiff prevails on a claim based on a private nuisance, he may have judgment for damages and may have judgment that the nuisance be abated and removed unless the judge finds that the abatement of the nuisance is unnecessary.  (3) If the judgment is that the nuisance shall be abated, the court may issue a warrant to the proper officer, requiring him to abate and remove the nuisance at the expense of the defendant, in the manner that public nuisances are abated and removed. The court may stay the warrant for as long as 6 months to give the defendant an opportunity to remove the nuisance, upon the defendant giving satisfactory security to do so.  (4) The expense of abating and removing the nuisance pursuant to such warrant, shall be collected by the officer in the same manner as damages and costs are collected upon execution, excepting that the materials of any buildings, fences, or other things that may be removed as a nuisance, may be sold by the officer, in like manner as goods are sold on execution for the payment of debts. The officer may apply the proceeds of such sale to defray the expenses of the removal, and shall pay over the balance thereof, if any, to the defendant upon demand. If the proceeds of the sale are not sufficient to defray the said expenses, he shall collect the residue thereof as before provided.  (5) Actions under this section are equitable in nature unless only money damages are claimed. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2941 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2941 - Artesian or Flowing Well; Certain Condition Deemed Nuisance; Abatement; Damages; Unreasonable or Unnecessary Waste; Order or Judgment; Reopening.

600.2941 Artesian or flowing well; certain condition deemed nuisance; abatement; damages; unreasonable or unnecessary waste; order or judgment; reopening. Sec. 2941.  (1) Any artesian or flowing well, the water of which is unnecessarily allowed to run to waste in an unreasonable manner to the depletion or lowering of the head or reservoir thereof to the detriment or damage of other wells supplied from the same head or reservoir, is a nuisance, and its owner and the owner of the land on which it is situated are subject to all the actions for abatement and damages in favor of the person or persons injured, as provided by law for other nuisances or tortious acts.  (2) Where any well is supplied by a head, reservoir, stratum, or vein or by percolating waters common to other springs or wells, and the owner thereof or his lessee or licensee puts its waters to a use unreasonable or unnecessary, in view of the condition and situation of the land on which it is situated, and through such unreasonable or unnecessary use, lowers or depletes the head, pressure, or supply of water of any spring or well dependent on the same head, vein, or stratum, to the detriment or injury of the owner or any person entitled to the use thereof, the well so unreasonably and unnecessarily used, is a nuisance, and its owner and the owner of the land on which it is situated are subject to all the actions for abatement and damages in favor of the person or persons injured, as provided by law for other nuisances or tortious acts.  (3) Where any order or judgment is rendered under this section, declaring any well a nuisance because of the waste or unreasonable use of its waters and directing the abatement thereof, such order or judgment shall specify in some practicable manner the daily amount or volume of water that may be used or allowed to flow therefrom without violating such order or judgment, and specify such reasonable time as to the court shall seem just within which the provisions thereof shall be carried into effect. Any such order or judgment may be reopened at any time after entry on the question of reasonable use on a proper showing of change of circumstances or other equitable reason therefor. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2943 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2943 - Quieting Title; Relief to Defendant on Rehearing.

600.2943 Quieting title; relief to defendant on rehearing. Sec. 2943.  When any rehearing of an action quieting title to real estate is ordered on petition of a defendant, the relief to be granted the defendant shall be limited to an award of damages against the prevailing parties in the original action, in an amount determined by the court to be equivalent to the fair cash market value of the interest of the defendant in the real estate at the time of entry of the original decree. Any decree on rehearing shall not be a lien or encumbrance on the real estate to secure payment of the sum awarded. History: Add. 1962, Act 187, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1962
MI Comp L § 600.2944 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2944 - Access to Adjoining Property for Repairs or Improvements.

600.2944 Access to adjoining property for repairs or improvements. Sec. 2944.  When an owner or lessee seeks to make improvements or repairs to real property so situated that the improvements or repairs cannot reasonably be made by the owner or lessee without entering the premises of an adjoining owner or his lessee, and permission so to enter has been refused, the owner or lessee seeking to make the improvements or repairs may commence a civil action in the circuit court of the county in which the property is located. The complaint shall state the facts making the entry necessary, the date on which entry is sought, the duration and the method proposed for protecting the defendant against damage. The court may grant a limited license for entry upon such terms as justice and equity require. The owner or lessee to whom the limited license to enter is granted shall be liable to the adjoining owner or his lessee for damages occurring as a result of the entry and shall file such bond or liability insurance or both as shall be required by the court. History: Add. 1969, Act 55, Eff. July 29, 1969
MI Comp L § 600.2946a (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2946a - Determination of Damages; Limitation.

600.2946a Determination of damages; limitation. Sec. 2946a.  (1) In an action for product liability, the total amount of damages for noneconomic loss shall not exceed $280,000.00, unless the defect in the product caused either the person's death or permanent loss of a vital bodily function, in which case the total amount of damages for noneconomic loss shall not exceed $500,000.00. On the effective date of the amendatory act that added this section, the state treasurer shall adjust the limitations set forth in this subsection so that the limitations are equal to the limitations provided in section 1483. After that date, the state treasurer shall adjust the limitations set forth in this subsection at the end of each calendar year so that they continue to be equal to the limitations provided in section 1483.  (2) In awarding damages in a product liability action, the trier of fact shall itemize damages into economic and noneconomic losses. Neither the court nor counsel for a party shall inform the jury of the limitations under subsection (1). The court shall adjust an award of noneconomic loss to conform to the limitations under subsection (1).  (3) The limitation on damages under subsection (1) for death or permanent loss of a vital bodily function does not apply to a defendant if the trier of fact determines by a perponderance of the evidence that the death or loss was the result of the defendant's gross negligence, or if the court finds that the matters stated in section 2949a are true.  (4) If damages for economic loss cannot readily be ascertained by the trier of fact, then the trier of fact shall calculate damages for economic loss based on an amount that is equal to the state average median family income as reported in the immediately preceding federal decennial census and adjusted by the state treasurer in the same manner as provided in subsection (1). History: Add. 1995, Act 249, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996 Compiler's Notes: In subsection (3), the word “perponderance” evidently should read “preponderance.”
MI Comp L § 600.2947 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2947 - Product Liability Action; Liability of Manufacturer or Seller.

600.2947 Product liability action; liability of manufacturer or seller. Sec. 2947.  (1) A manufacturer or seller is not liable in a product liability action for harm caused by an alteration of the product unless the alteration was reasonably foreseeable. Whether there was an alteration of a product and whether an alteration was reasonably foreseeable are legal issues to be resolved by the court.  (2) A manufacturer or seller is not liable in a product liability action for harm caused by misuse of a product unless the misuse was reasonably foreseeable. Whether there was misuse of a product and whether misuse was reasonably foreseeable are legal issues to be resolved by the court.  (3) A manufacturer or seller is not liable in a product liability action if the purchaser or user of the product was aware that use of the product created an unreasonable risk of personal injury and voluntarily exposed himself or herself to that risk and the risk that he or she exposed himself or herself to was the proximate cause of the injury. This subsection does not relieve a manufacturer or seller from a duty to use reasonable care in a product's production.  (4) Except to the extent a state or federal statute or regulation requires a manufacturer to warn, a manufacturer or seller is not liable in a product liability action for failure to provide an adequate warning if the product is provided for use by a sophisticated user.  (5) A manufacturer or seller is not liable in a product liability action if the alleged harm was caused by an inherent characteristic of the product that cannot be eliminated without substantially compromising the product's usefulness or desirability, and that is recognized by a person with the ordinary knowledge common to the community.  (6) In a product liability action, a seller other than a manufacturer is not liable for harm allegedly caused by the product unless either of the following is true:  (a) The seller failed to exercise reasonable care, including breach of any implied warranty, with respect to the product and that failure was a proximate cause of the person's injuries.  (b) The seller made an express warranty as to the product, the product failed to conform to the warranty, and the failure to conform to the warranty was a proximate cause of the person's harm. History: Add. 1978, Act 495, Eff. Dec. 13, 1978 ;-- Am. 1995, Act 249, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996
MI Comp L § 600.2948 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2948 - Death or Injury; Warnings as Evidence.

600.2948 Death or injury; warnings as evidence. Sec. 2948.  (1) Evidence is admissible in a product liability action that, before the death of the person or injury to the person or damage to property, pamphlets, booklets, labels, or other written warnings were provided that gave notice to foreseeable users of the material risk of injury, death, or damage connected with the foreseeable use of the product or provided instructions as to the foreseeable uses, applications, or limitations of the product that the defendant knew or should have known.  (2) A defendant is not liable for failure to warn of a material risk that is or should be obvious to a reasonably prudent product user or a material risk that is or should be a matter of common knowledge to persons in the same or similar position as the person upon whose injury or death the claim is based in a product liability action.  (3) In a product liability action brought against a manufacturer or seller for harm allegedly caused by a failure to provide adequate warnings or instructions, a manufacturer or seller is not liable unless the plaintiff proves that the manufacturer knew or should have known about the risk of harm based on the scientific, technical, or medical information reasonably available at the time the specific unit of the product left the control of the manufacturer.  (4) This section does not limit a manufacturer's or seller's duty to use reasonable care in relation to a product after the product has left the manufacturer's or seller's control. History: Add. 1978, Act 495, Eff. Dec. 13, 1978 ;-- Am. 1995, Act 161, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996 ;-- Am. 1995, Act 249, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996
MI Comp L § 600.2949 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2949 - Repealed. 1995, Act 249, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996.

600.2949 Repealed. 1995, Act 249, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to contributory negligence, diminishment of damages, and frivolous claim or defense.
MI Comp L § 600.2949a (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2949a - Knowledge of Defective Product.

600.2949a Knowledge of defective product. Sec. 2949a.  In a product liability action, if the court determines that at the time of manufacture or distribution the defendant had actual knowledge that the product was defective and that there was a substantial likelihood that the defect would cause the injury that is the basis of the action, and the defendant willfully disregarded that knowledge in the manufacture or distribution of the product, then sections 2946(4), 2946a, 2947(1) to (4), and 2948(2) do not apply. History: Add. 1995, Act 249, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996
MI Comp L § 600.2949b (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2949b - Automated Motor Vehicle; Liability of Manufacturer, Subcomponent System Producer, or Motor Vehicle Mechanic or Motor Vehicle Repair Facility; Applicability of MCL 600.2945 to 600.2949a; Definitions.

600.2949b Automated motor vehicle; liability of manufacturer, subcomponent system producer, or motor vehicle mechanic or motor vehicle repair facility; applicability of MCL 600.2945 to 600.2949a; definitions.Sec. 2949b.  (1) The manufacturer of a vehicle is not liable and must be dismissed from any action for alleged damages resulting from any of the following unless the defect from which the damages resulted was present in the vehicle when it was manufactured:  (a) The conversion or attempted conversion of the vehicle into an automated motor vehicle by another person.  (b) The installation of equipment in the vehicle by another person to convert it into an automated motor vehicle.  (c) The modification by another person of equipment that was installed by the manufacturer in an automated motor vehicle specifically for using the vehicle in automatic mode.  (2) A subcomponent system producer recognized as described in section 244 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.244, is not liable in a product liability action for damages resulting from the modification of equipment installed by the subcomponent system producer to convert a vehicle to an automated motor vehicle unless the defect from which the damages resulted was present in the equipment when it was installed by the subcomponent system producer.  (3) A motor vehicle mechanic or a motor vehicle repair facility that repairs an automated motor vehicle according to specifications from the manufacturer of the automated motor vehicle is not liable in a product liability action for damages resulting from the repairs.  (4) Sections 2945 to 2949a do not apply in a product liability action to the extent that they are inconsistent with this section.  (5) As used in this section:  (a) "Automated motor vehicle" means that term as defined in section 2b of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.2b.  (b) "Automatic mode" means that term as defined in section 2b of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.2b.  (c) "Motor vehicle mechanic" means that term as defined in section 2 of the motor vehicle service and repair act, 1974 PA 300, MCL 257.1302.  (d) "Motor vehicle repair facility" means that term as defined in section 2 of the motor vehicle service and repair act, 1974 PA 300, MCL 257.1302.  (e) "Vehicle" means that term as defined in section 79 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.79. History: Add. 2013, Act 251, Imd. Eff. Dec. 27, 2013 ;-- Am. 2016, Act 335, Eff. Mar. 9, 2017
MI Comp L § 600.2950b (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-29 - Chapter 29 Provisions Concerning Specific Actions (600.2901...600.2979)|Section 600.2950b - Forms; Liability of Individual Providing Assistance.

600.2950b Forms; liability of individual providing assistance. Sec. 2950b.  (1) The state court administrative office shall develop and make available forms for use by an individual who wishes to proceed without an attorney. The forms shall include at least a petition for relief, a notice of hearing, and proof of service for a personal protection order under section 2950 or 2950a. The forms shall be written in plain English in a simple and easily understood format, and shall be limited, if practicable, to 1 page in length. Instructions for the forms shall be written in plain English and shall include a simple and easily understood explanation of the proper method of service and filing of the proof of service.  (2) The standard personal protection order form, at a minimum, shall contain all of the information required under section 2950 or 2950a.  (3) The state court administrative office shall develop and make available standardized forms for use by individuals restrained or enjoined without notice to move to modify or to rescind a personal protection order and to request a hearing.  (4) The court shall provide a form prepared under this section without charge. Upon request, the court may provide assistance, but not legal assistance, to an individual in completing a form prepared under this section and the personal protection order form if the court issues such an order, and may instruct the individual regarding the requirements for proper service of the order.  (5) To the extent not protected by the immunity conferred by 1964 PA 170, MCL 691.1401 to 691.1415, an individual other than a court employee who provides assistance under section 2950c is presumed to be acting in good faith and is not liable in a civil action for damages for acts or omissions in providing the assistance, except acts or omissions amounting to gross negligence or willful and wanton misconduct. History: Add. 1994, Act 61, Eff. July 1, 1994 ;-- Am. 1994, Act 403, Eff. Apr. 1, 1995 ;-- Am. 2000, Act 112, Eff. July 1, 2000