reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
LA Rev Stat § 48:441.2 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§441.2. Authority to acquire and to expropriate prior to judgment; property needed for T.I.M.E. projects

RS 441.2 - Authority to acquire and to expropriate prior to judgment; property needed for T.I.M.E. projects  Notwithstanding any other provisions of law to the contrary, a local governing authority, with the approval of the Department of Transportation and Development, may acquire any property within its jurisdiction that is needed for the construction of current or future highway construction projects established and approved under the Transportation Infrastructure Model for Economic Development as provided for in Part VI of Chapter 7 of Title 47 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes of 1950. Where such property cannot be acquired amicably, the governing authority may, for that project only, expropriate such property prior to judgment in accordance with the provisions of Part XVIII of Chapter 1 of this Title.  Acts 1991, No. 311, §1, eff. July 3, 1991.
LA Rev Stat § 48:442.1 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§442.1. Contents of petition for expropriation; property needed for design-build projects; place of filing

RS 442.1 - Contents of petition for expropriation; property needed for design-build projects; place of filing Notwithstanding the provisions of R.S. 48:442, the rights of expropriation granted by this Part shall be exercised for design-build projects authorized according to the provisions of R.S. 48:250.2 in the following manner: (1) A petition shall be filed by the plaintiff in the district court of the parish in which the property to be expropriated is situated. However, where the property to be expropriated extends into two or more parishes and the owner of the property resides in one of them, the petition shall be filed in the district court of the parish where the owner resides. If the owner does not reside in any one of the parishes into which the property extends, the petition may be filed in any one of the parishes. In all such cases, the court wherein the petition is filed shall have jurisdiction to adjudicate as to all the property involved. (2) The petition shall contain a statement of the purpose for which the property is to be expropriated, describing the property necessary therefor with a plan of the same, a description of the improvement thereon, if any, and the name of the owner or owners as shown in the public records. (3) The petition shall have annexed thereto the following: (a) A certified copy of a certificate of authorization to expropriate executed by the secretary of the department, declaring that the taking is necessary or useful for the purposes of this Part. (b) A certificate signed by the chief engineer or, in his absence, his chief assistant, declaring that he has fixed the right-of-way in a manner sufficient in his judgment to provide presently and in the future for the public interest, safety, and convenience of the traveling public and has made a determination of the amount and location of the property required for the purposes set forth in the petition and that in his opinion the property is neither excessive or inadequate for such purposes. (c) An itemized statement of the amount of money estimated to be the full extent of the owner's loss for the taking or the damage, or both, as the case may be, the methodology used in the estimate, and all of the information required by R.S. 48:443 relative to estimators. It shall be signed by those who made the estimate, showing the capacity in which they acted and the date on which it was made. The real estate administrator or his designated representative shall signify his approval on the face thereof. It shall not be grounds to dismiss the taking if it is shown that the estimate is or may be less than the full extent of the owner's loss or that the estimate was made without consideration of final plans. Acts 2005, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 43, §1, eff. Dec. 6, 2005.
LA Rev Stat § 48:443 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§443. Appointment of estimators; restrictions in selection

RS 443 - Appointment of estimators; restrictions in selection A. The real estate administrator shall select one or more persons to make the estimate of just compensation except when the estimate is expected to exceed the amount of thirty thousand dollars in which case he shall select two or more persons. However, when the department cannot amicably acquire clear title to property solely for reasons unrelated to the amount of just compensation to be paid such as unopened successions, absentee defendants, or partial interests, one person shall be selected to make the estimate regardless of the amount. The estimate shall be performed by either a real estate appraiser or real estate specialist in the regular employ of the department or a licensed Louisiana appraiser certified pursuant to the Louisiana Real Estate Appraisers Law. The person performing the estimate shall be familiar with land values in the vicinity of the property to be taken and shall conduct the appraisal in accordance with real estate appraisal guidelines. B. Each estimator in determining the extent of the owner's loss shall consider the replacement value of the property taken. C. Prior to filing its petition, the department shall provide to the owner the following information with respect to each estimate of the owner's loss. (1) The name, address, and qualifications of the person or persons preparing the estimate. (2) The amount of the estimate. (3) A description of the methodology used in the estimate. (4) Upon request by the owner, a copy of the estimate prepared by each estimator. Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1 eff. June 24, 1954; Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975; Acts 1988, No. 882, §1; Acts 1989, No. 124, §1, eff. June 22, 1989; Acts 1989, No. 736, §1; Acts 2001, No. 56, §1; Acts 2003, No. 341, §2; Acts 2006, No. 727, §1, eff. June 29, 2006.
LA Rev Stat § 48:443.1 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§443.1. Minable minerals

RS 443.1 - Minable minerals  Before exercising the rights of expropriation provided for in this Part, the state or any of its departments, except the Department of Transportation and Development, offices, boards, commissions, agencies, or instrumentalities, except political subdivisions but specifically including levee districts and their boards, shall, upon request of the owner whose property is to be taken, provide the owner with the results of tests by the Louisiana Geological Survey that show whether or not sand or gravel is present in the property. The test shall be done at no cost to the property owner.  Acts 1991, No. 1030, §2.
LA Rev Stat § 48:444 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§444. Prayer of petition; ex parte order of taking

RS 444 - Prayer of petition; ex parte order of taking  The petition shall conclude with a prayer that the property be declared taken for highway purposes. Upon presentation of the petition, the court shall issue an order directing that the amount of the estimate be deposited in the registry of the court and declaring that the property described in the petition has been taken for highway purposes at the time of the deposit.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1, eff. June 24, 1954. Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:445 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§445. Vesting of title

RS 445 - Vesting of title  Upon the deposit of the amount of the estimate in the registry of the court, for the use and benefit of the persons entitled thereto, the clerk shall issue a receipt showing the amount deposited, the date it was deposited, the style and number of the cause, and the description of the property and property rights, as contained in the petition. Upon such deposit, title to the property and the property rights specified in the petition shall vest in the department and the right to just compensation therefor shall vest in the persons entitled thereto.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1, eff. June 24, 1954; Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975; Acts 1988, No. 882, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 48:446 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§446. Notice to defendant

RS 446 - Notice to defendant  Upon receipt of the deposit, the clerk of court shall issue a notice to each defendant in the suit, notifying him that the property described in the petition has been expropriated for highway purposes.  This notice, together with a certified copy of the order, the petition, and the clerk's receipt for the deposit, shall be delivered by the clerk to the proper sheriff for service on each defendant in the manner provided for the service of citations.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1, eff. June 24, 1954. Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:447 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§447. Contesting validity of taking; waiver of defenses

RS 447 - Contesting validity of taking; waiver of defenses  A. Any defendant desiring to contest the validity of the taking on the ground that the property was not expropriated for a public purpose or on the ground that the petition and attached exhibits do not satisfy the provisions contained in R.S. 48:442 through 444 may file a motion to dismiss the suit within twenty days after the date on which the notice was served on him. He shall certify thereon that a copy thereof has been served personally or by mail on either the plaintiff or its attorney of record in the suit. This motion shall be tried contradictorily with the plaintiff to the judge alone and shall be decided prior to fixing the case for trial.  B. Failure to file the motion within the time provided constitutes a waiver of all defenses to the suit except claims for compensation.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1 eff. June 24, 1954; Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975; Acts 1988, No. 882, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 48:448 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§448. Right of possession; limitation by court

RS 448 - Right of possession; limitation by court If there are no buildings located wholly or partially upon the property described in the petition, the department is entitled to enter upon and take possession of the property upon the deposit of the estimated compensation. If any building is located wholly or partially upon the property described in the petition, the court may postpone the right of entry for any period not to exceed thirty days from the date on which the last of any parties defendant was served with the notice. However, the department in its discretion, may request the court to order possession surrendered after a longer delay. The court may fix a reasonable rental to be paid to the department by a defendant in possession of the property for each day he remains in possession after the withdrawal of any part of the amount deposited.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1, eff. June 24, 1954. Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:449 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§449. Withdrawal of amount deposited

RS 449 - Withdrawal of amount deposited  Upon the application of any party in interest, and upon due notice to all parties, the court may order that the money deposited, or any part thereof, be paid forthwith to the person entitled thereto for or on account of the just and adequate compensation to be awarded in the proceedings.  The court may make such orders as shall be just and equitable to direct the payments of taxes, encumbrances and other charges out of the money deposited.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1, eff. June 24, 1954. Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:450 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§450. Defendant's answer; requirements; delay for filing

RS 450 - Defendant's answer; requirements; delay for filing  A. Where an entire lot, block or tract of land is expropriated, any defendant may apply for a trial to determine the measure of compensation to which he is entitled, provided:  (1) He files an answer within ninety days from the date he is served with the notice;  (2) His answer sets forth the amount he claims;  (3) His answer has a certificate thereon showing that a copy thereof has been served personally or by mail on all parties to the suit who have not joined in the answer.  B. Where a portion of a lot, block, or tract of land is expropriated, any defendant may apply for a trial to determine the measure of compensation to which he is entitled, provided:  (1) He files an answer within one year from the date he is served, in the same manner provided for service of the petition, with a copy of the department's notice of acceptance, which has been filed with the clerk of court of the parish in which the action is pending, declaring that it has finally accepted the construction of the highway project for which the property was expropriated; provided however, that he may file his answer at any time prior thereto;  (2) His answer sets forth the amount he claims, including the value of each parcel expropriated and the amount he claims as damages to the remainder of his property;  (3) His damage claim is reasonably itemized;  (4) His answer has a certificate thereon showing that a copy thereof has been served personally or by mail on all parties to the suit who have not joined in the answer.  Added by Acts 1954, No. 107, §1, eff. June 24, 1954; Amended by Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975; Acts 1988, No. 882, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451. Fixing for trial; notice

RS 451 - Fixing for trial; notice  After answer is filed, if no motion to dismiss the suit pursuant to R.S. 48:447 is pending before the court, either party may, upon ex parte motion, request that the matter be docketed for trial. The court shall fix the time for the trial of the suit not more than sixty days after the filing of the motion, and the trial shall be conducted with preference and with the greatest possible dispatch. The clerk of court shall thereupon issue to all parties a notice of the time fixed for the trial. This notice shall be served at least thirty days before the time fixed for the trial and in the manner provided by law for the service of citations.  Acts 1987, No. 619, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.1 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.1. Right to trial by jury

RS 451.1 - Right to trial by jury  In an expropriation proceeding pursuant to this Part any party has the right to demand a trial by jury to determine just compensation. Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.2 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.2. Time limit for demanding jury trial; waiver of demand for jury trial; limitations

RS 451.2 - Time limit for demanding jury trial; waiver of demand for jury trial; limitations  A. A defendant may demand jury trial in his answer or by motion filed within the delays provided for the filing of his answer.  B. The department may demand jury trial by motion filed no later than fifteen days after service upon the department of an answer filed by a defendant.  C. For purposes of this Section, answers filed by attorneys appointed to represent absent or unknown defendants shall not cause these delays to begin to run, unless that answer indicates that the appointed attorney has been retained or employed by the owner to assert and prosecute a claim in his behalf.  D. Once any party has timely demanded a jury trial, that demand is effective against and binding upon all parties to the suit, and cannot thereafter be waived without the consent of all parties. With the consent of all parties, a demand for jury trial may be waived at any time prior to the swearing of the jury.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975; Acts 1988, No. 882, §1.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.3 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.3. Deposit of security for jury costs

RS 451.3 - Deposit of security for jury costs  The court shall require any party, including the department, who demands a jury trial, to post a bond or other security as may be required in ordinary similar jury cases.  Acts 1990, No. 133, §3.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.4 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.4. Trial of less than all issues; stipulation

RS 451.4 - Trial of less than all issues; stipulation  The trial of all issues for which jury trial has been requested shall be by jury unless the parties stipulate that the jury trial shall be as to certain issues only, but in all cases there shall be but one trial.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.5 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.5. Qualification and exemption of jurors

RS 451.5 - Qualification and exemption of jurors  The qualifications and exemptions of jurors and the method of choosing and summoning the general venire in jury cases are provided by special laws.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.6 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.6. Procedure in general

RS 451.6 - Procedure in general  In cases to be tried by jury, six jurors summoned in accordance with law shall be chosen by lot to try the case. The method of calling and drawing by lot shall be at the discretion of the court.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.7 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.7. Swearing of juror before examination

RS 451.7 - Swearing of juror before examination  Before being examined every prospective juror shall be sworn to answer truthfully such questions as may be propounded to him.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.8 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.8. Examination of juror

RS 451.8 - Examination of juror  The court shall permit the parties or their attorneys to conduct the examination of a prospective juror and may itself conduct an examination, which shall be limited to ascertaining the qualifications of the juror.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.9 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.9. Peremptory challenges

RS 451.9 - Peremptory challenges  Each side is allowed three peremptory challenges. If there is more than one party on any side, the court may allow each side additional peremptory challenges, not to exceed two. Each side shall be allowed an equal number of peremptory challenges. If the parties on a side are unable to agree upon the allocation of peremptory challenges among themselves, the allocation shall be determined by the court before the examination on the voir dire.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.10 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.10. Challenges for cause

RS 451.10 - Challenges for cause  A juror may be challenged for cause based upon any of the following:  (1) When the juror lacks a qualification required by law;  (2) When the juror has formed an opinion in the case or is not otherwise impartial, the cause of his bias being immaterial; (3) When the relations, whether by blood, marriage, employment, friendship, or enmity, between the juror and any party or his attorney are such that it must be reasonably believed that they would influence the juror in coming to a verdict;  (4) When the juror served on a previous jury which tried the same case or one arising out of the same facts;  (5) When the juror refuses to answer a question on the voir dire examination on the ground that his answer might tend to incriminate him. Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.11 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.11. Time for peremptory challenge

RS 451.11 - Time for peremptory challenge  After the entire jury has been accepted and sworn, no party has the right to challenge peremptorily.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.12 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.12. Challenging or excusing jurors after acceptance

RS 451.12 - Challenging or excusing jurors after acceptance  Although the entire jury may have been accepted and sworn, up to the beginning of the taking of evidence, a juror may be challenged for cause by either side or be excused either for cause or by consent of both sides, and the panel completed in the ordinary course.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.13 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.13. Swearing of jurors; selection of foreman

RS 451.13 - Swearing of jurors; selection of foreman  When the jury has been accepted by all parties, the jurors shall be sworn to try the case in a just and impartial manner, to the best of their judgment, and to render a verdict according to the law and the evidence. When the jury has retired, the jurors shall select a foreman to preside over them and sign the verdict which they may render.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.14 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.14. Alternate jurors

RS 451.14 - Alternate jurors  The court may direct that one or two jurors in addition to the regular panel be called and empanelled to sit as alternate jurors. Alternate jurors, in the order in which they are called, shall replace jurors who, prior to the time the jury retires to consider its verdict, become unable or disqualified to perform their duties. Alternate jurors shall be drawn in the same manner, shall have the same qualifications, shall be subject to the same examination and challenges, shall take the same oath, and shall have the same functions, powers, facilities, and privileges as the principal jurors. An alternate juror who does not replace a principal juror shall be discharged when the jury retires to consider its verdict. If one or two alternate jurors are called, each side shall have an equal number of peremptory challenges. The court shall determine how many challenges shall be allowed and shall allocate them among the parties on each side. The additional peremptory challenges may be used only against an alternate juror, and the other peremptory challenges allowed by law shall not be used against the alternate jurors.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.
LA Rev Stat § 48:451.15 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Roads, Bridges and Ferries|§451.15. Time for charging the jury; recordation of charge

RS 451.15 - Time for charging the jury; recordation of charge  After the trial of the case and the presentation of all the evidence and arguments, the court shall charge the jury in accordance with law. This charge shall be in writing or recorded in the same manner as testimony taken in the case.  Acts 1974, Ex.Sess., No. 30, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1975.