reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
DC Code § 31-2231.04 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.04. False information and advertising generally

No person shall make, publish, disseminate, circulate, or place before the public, or cause, directly or indirectly, to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, or placed before the public, in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication, or in a notice, circular, pamphlet, letter, or poster, or over a radio or television station, or in any other way, an advertisement, announcement, or statement containing an assertion, representation, or statement with respect to the business of insurance or with respect to an insurer in the conduct of its insurance business which is untrue, deceptive, or misleading.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 104, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.05 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.05. Defamation

No person shall make, publish, disseminate, or circulate, directly or indirectly, or aid, abet, or encourage the making, publishing, disseminating or circulating, of an oral or written statement or a pamphlet, circular, article, or literature, which is false with respect to, maliciously critical of, or derogatory to, the financial condition of an insurer and which is calculated to injure the insurer.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 105, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.06 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.06. Boycott, coercion, and intimidation

No person shall enter into an agreement to commit, or by a concerted action commit, an act of boycott, coercion, or intimidation resulting in, or tending to result in, unreasonable restraint of, or monopoly in, the business of insurance.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 106, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.07 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.07. Illegal dealing in premiums; excess charges for insurance

(a) Subject to the acceptance of the risk by the insurer, no person shall willfully collect a premium or charge for insurance which is not then provided, or is not in due course to be provided, by an insurance policy issued by an insurer. (b) No person shall willfully collect as a premium or charge for insurance a sum in excess of the premium or charge specified in the policy and applicable to such insurance in accordance with the classifications and rates as filed with and approved by the Commissioner. In a case where the classifications, premiums, or rates are not required to be filed and approved, the premium or charge shall not be in excess of that specified in the policy and fixed by the insurer. This subsection shall not prohibit a reasonable fee or charge for insurance premium payment plans, regardless of the number of installment payments involved.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 107, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.08 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.08. False statements and entries

(a) No person shall knowingly file with an insurance regulatory or other public official, knowingly make, publish, disseminate, circulate, or deliver to a person, or place before the public, or knowingly cause directly or indirectly to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, delivered to a person, or placed before the public, a false material statement of fact as to the financial condition of an insurer. (b) No person shall knowingly: (1) Make a false entry of a material fact in a book, report, or statement of an insurer; (2) With intent to deceive an agent of the Commissioner lawfully appointed to examine the insurer’s condition or any of its affairs, fail to make a true entry of any material fact pertaining to the business of an insurer in a book, report, or statement of the insurer; or (3) Make a false material statement to an insurance department official.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 108, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.09 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.09. Stock operations and advisory board contracts

No person, as an inducement to purchase insurance, shall issue or deliver, or permit its agents, officers, or employees to issue or deliver: (1) Agency company stock or other capital stock, benefit certificates, or shares in a common law corporation; (2) Securities; or (3) A special or advisory board contract or other contracts of any kind promising returns and profits.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 109, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.10 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.10. Failure to maintain marketing and performance records

No person shall fail to maintain its books, records, documents, and other business records in such order that data regarding complaints, claims, rating, underwriting, and marketing are not accessible and retrievable for examination by the Commissioner. Data for at least the current calendar year and the 2 preceding years shall be maintained.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 110, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.14 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.14. Interlocking ownerships, management

(a) An insurer may retain, invest in, or acquire the whole or any part of the capital stock of any other insurer, or have a common management with another insurer, unless the retention, investment, acquisition, or common management is inconsistent with another provision of law, or, by reason thereof, the business of the insurers with the public is conducted in a manner which substantially lessens competition generally in the insurance business or tends to create a monopoly. (b) A person otherwise qualified may be a director of 2 or more insurers which are competitors unless the effect is to lessen substantially competition between insurers generally or tends materially to create a monopoly.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 114, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.15 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.15. Unfair financial planning practices; an insurance agent or broker

(a) No person shall hold himself or herself out, directly or indirectly, to the public as a financial planner, investment adviser, consultant, financial counselor, or any other specialist engaged in the business of giving financial planning or advice relating to investments, insurance, real estate, tax matters, or trust and estate matters if the person is in fact engaged only in the sale of insurance policies or contracts. (b)(1) No person shall engage in the business of financial planning without disclosing to the client before the execution of the agreement provided for in subsection (c) of this section or the solicitation of the sale of a product or service that: (A) He or she is also an insurance salesperson; and (B) A commission for the sale of an insurance product will be received in addition to a fee for financial planning, if it is the case. (2) The disclosure under this subsection may be made by including it in a disclosure document required by federal or state securities law. (c) All fees, other than commissions for financial planning by an insurance producer, shall be based upon a written agreement signed by the party to be charged in advance of the performance of the services under the agreement. A copy of the agreement shall be provided to the party to be charged at the time the agreement is signed by the party. The agreement shall specifically state: (1) The services for which the fee is to be charged; (2) The amount of the fee to be charged or the manner in which it will be determined; and (3) The client shall not be required to purchase an insurance product through the person furnishing the agreement. (d) The person furnishing the agreement shall retain a copy for at least 3 years after completion of services. A copy shall be available to the Commissioner upon request.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 115, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.16 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.16. Failure to provide claims history

(a) A property and casualty insurer shall provide the following loss information for the 3 previous policy years to the first named insured within 30 days of receipt of the first named insured’s written request: (1) On all claims, the date and description of occurrence, and the total amount of payments; and (2) For any occurrence not included in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the date and description of the occurrence. (b) If the first named insured is requested by a prospective insurer to provide detailed loss information other than that required under subsection (a) of this section, the first named insured may mail or deliver a written request to the insurer for the additional information. No prospective insurer shall request more detailed loss information than is reasonably required to underwrite the same line or class of insurance. The insurer shall provide the information under subsection (a) of this section to the first named insured as soon as possible, but not later than 20 days after the receipt of the written request. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no insurer shall be required to provide loss reserve information, and no prospective insurer may refuse to insure an applicant, solely because the prospective insurer is unable to obtain loss reserve information. (c) The Commissioner may promulgate regulations to exclude the provision of the loss information as set forth in subsection (a) of this section for any line or class of insurance if it can be shown that the information is not needed for that line or class of insurance or if the provision of loss information is otherwise required by law. (d) Information provided under subsection (a) of this section shall not be subject to discovery by a party other than the insured, the insurer, and the prospective insurer.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 116, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.18 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.18. Failure to maintain complaint handling procedures

An insurer shall maintain a complete record of all complaints which it has received since the date of its last examination as otherwise required in this chapter. The record shall indicate the total number of complaints, their classification by line of insurance, the nature of each complaint, the disposition of each complaint, and the time to process each complaint. For purposes of the section, the term “complaint” shall mean a written communication from a policyholder, subscriber, claimant, or insurance department primarily expressing a grievance.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 118, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.19 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.19. Misrepresentation in insurance application

(a) No person shall make false or fraudulent statements or representations on, or relative to, an application for an insurance policy for the purpose of obtaining a fee, commission, money, or other benefit from a provider or individual person. (b) No person shall cause to be presented a false or fraudulent claim, or proof in support of a claim, for the payment of the loss upon a contract of insurance or prepare, make, or subscribe a false or fraudulent account, certificate, affidavit, proof of loss, or other document or writing with the intent that it may be presented or used in support of a false or fraudulent claim.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 119, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.20a (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.20a. Prohibition on offsetting short-term disability benefits

 *NOTE: This section was created by temporary legislation that will expire on March 11, 2022.   *NOTE: This section has been amended by emergency legislation with identical permanent legislation that will become effective in January, 2022.*  (a) No insurer may offset or reduce benefits or income available to an individual under a temporary or short-term disability insurance policy based on estimated or actual benefits the individual may or does receive under subchapter IV of Chapter 5 of Title 32. (b) Subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to the actions of a self-insured employer or to the actions of an insurer to the extent the insurer is acting on behalf of a self-insured employer as a third-party administrator for the self-insured employer. (c) For the purposes of this section, the term "self-insured employer" shall have the same meaning as provided in § 32-541.01(19A).  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 120a; as added July 29, 2021, D.C. Law 24-18, § 3, 68 DCR 006100; Aug. 23, 2021, D.C. Act 24-159, § 4067, 68 DCR 008602.)  Emergency Legislation  For temporary (90 days) amendment of this section, see § 4067 of Fiscal Year 2022 Budget Support Emergency Act of 2021 (D.C. Act 24-159, Aug. 23, 2021, 68 DCR 008602).   For temporary (90 days) creation of this section, see § 3 of Short-term Disability Insurance Benefit Protection Emergency Amendment Act of 2021 (D.C. Act 24-90, May 26, 2021, 68 DCR 005853).  Temporary Legislation  For temporary (225 days) creation of this section, see § 3 of Short-term Disability Insurance Benefit Protection Temporary Amendment Act of 2021 (D.C. Law 24-18, July 29, 2021, 68 DCR 006100).
DC Code § 31-2231.21 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.21. “Twisting” prohibited

No person shall make or issue, or cause to be made or issued, a written or oral statement misrepresenting or making incomplete comparisons as to the terms, conditions, or benefits contained in a policy for the purpose of inducing or attempting or tending to induce the policyholder to lapse, forfeit, surrender, retain, exchange, or convert an insurance policy.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 121, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2231.22 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.22. Powers of the Commissioner; cease and desist orders

(a) The Commissioner may examine and investigate the affairs of a person engaged in the business of insurance in the District of Columbia to determine whether the person has been or is engaged in an unfair trade practice, an unfair method of competition, or an unfair or deceptive action practice under this chapter. The Commissioner may suspend or revoke the license or certificate of authority for a person that violates this chapter or a rule or regulation adopted under this chapter, or fails to comply with an order of the Commissioner. (b)(1) The Commissioner may enforce this chapter, or any rules and regulations adopted under this chapter, by issuing an order: (A) To cease and desist from the violation and further similar violations; and (B) Requiring the violator to correct the violation, including the restitution of money or property to a person aggrieved by the violation. (2) If a violator fails to comply with an order issued under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Commissioner may impose a civil penalty of up to $1,000 for each violation from which the violator failed to cease and desist or which the violator failed to correct. (c) The Commissioner may request the Corporation Counsel of the District of Columbia (“Corporation Counsel”) take appropriate action in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia (“Superior Court”) for the enforcement of an order issued under this section. The Corporation Counsel may also seek, and the Superior Court may order or decree, damages and other relief allowed by law, including restitution. In an action brought by the Corporation Counsel under this section, the Corporation Counsel may be awarded attorney’s fees and costs. (d) In determining the amount of financial penalty to be imposed under subsection (b) of this section, the Commissioner shall consider the following: (1) The seriousness of the violation; (2) The good faith of the violator; (3) The violator’s history of previous violations; (4) The deleterious effect of the violation on the public and the insurance industry; (5) The assets of the violator; and (6) Any other factor relevant to the determination of the financial penalty.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 122, 48 DCR 1225.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 31-2231.23 and § 31-2231.24.
DC Code § 31-2231.23 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.23. Hearings

(a) Before the Commissioner takes an action under § 31-2231.22, the Commissioner shall provide the person alleged to have violated this chapter an opportunity for a hearing. (b) Notice of the hearing shall be given, and the hearing shall be held, in accordance with §§ 2-509 and 2-510. (c) The hearing notice shall be served at the person’s principal place of business by certified mail, return receipt requested, at least 30 days before the hearing. (d) The Commissioner may administer oaths or affirmations, examine and cross-examine witnesses, receive oral and documentary evidence, and shall have the power to subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, and require the production of books, papers, records, correspondence, or other documents deemed relevant to the matter at issue. (e) In the case of a refusal of a person to comply with any subpoena issued or to testify with respect to any matter upon which the person may be lawfully interrogated, the Superior Court, on application of the Commissioner, may issue an order requiring the person to comply with the subpoena or to testify.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 123, 48 DCR 1225.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 31-2231.24.
DC Code § 31-2231.24 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.24. Judicial review

If, after any hearing under § 31-2231.23, the Commissioner does not find a violation of this chapter, an aggrieved person may, within 60 days after the decision has been issued, or later in connection with § 31-2231.11(a), (b), or (b-1) upon a showing of good cause by a victim of an intrafamily offense, sexual assault, dating violence, or stalking, appeal the decision of the Commissioner to the District of Columbia Court of Appeals. In addition, any person subject to an order of the Commissioner under § 31-2231.22 may obtain a review of the order by filing in the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, within 60 days after the order has been issued, a written petition requesting that the order of the Commissioner be set aside. Except as provided above for the time for filing an appeal, appeals shall be made in accordance with § 2-510.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 124, 48 DCR 1225; Apr. 8, 2011, D.C. Law 18-360, § 202(b), 58 DCR 896.)  Effect of Amendments D.C. Law 18-360 substituted “issued, or later in connection with § 31-2231.11(a), (b), or (b-1) upon a showing of good cause by a victim of an intrafamily offense, sexual assault, dating violence, or stalking, appeal” for “issued, appeal”. Editor's Notes Section 203 of D.C. Law 18-360 provided: “Sec. 203. Application. This title shall apply to policies and certificates of insurance that are health benefit plans as defined under section 2(4) of the Health Insurance Coverage for Habilitative Services for Children Act of 2006, effective March 2, 2007 (D.C. Law 16-198; D.C. Official Code § 31-3271(4)), that are issued 90 days after the effective date of this title. This title shall not apply to short-term limited duration health benefit plans.”
DC Code § 31-2231.25 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 22A - Unfair Insurance Trade Practices|§ 31-2231.25. Regulations

The Commissioner may, in accordance with § 2-505, promulgate reasonable rules, regulations, or orders as are necessary or appropriate to carry out and effectuate the provisions of this chapter.  (Apr. 3, 2001, D.C. Law 13-265, § 125, 48 DCR 1225.)
DC Code § 31-2301 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 31 - Insurance and Securities|Chapter 23 - United States Branch Domestication of Non-U.S. Insurers|§ 31-2301. Definitions

For purposes of this chapter, the term: (1) “Domestication” means the reorganization under this chapter of the United States branch of a Non-U.S. insurer whereby a domestic or foreign insurer acquires all the business and assets and assumes all the liabilities of the branch. (2) “Domestic insurer” means a stock insurance company incorporated under the laws of the District of Columbia. (3) “Foreign insurer” means a stock insurance company incorporated under the laws of any other state of the United States. (4) “Non-U.S. insurer” means a stock insurance company organized under the laws of a foreign country. (5) “United States branch” means the business unit through which business is transacted within the United States by a Non-U.S. insurer and the assets and liabilities of the insurer within the United States pertaining to such business.  (Oct. 21, 2000, D.C. Law 13-194, § 2, 47 DCR 7427.)