reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NY UCC § 3-415 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 4 - Liability of Parties 3-415 - Contract of Accommodation Party.

Section 3--415. Contract of Accommodation Party.  (1)  An  accommodation  party  is  one who signs the instrument in any capacity for the purpose of lending his name to another party to it.  (2) When the instrument has been taken for value before it is due  the accommodation  party  is  liable  in the capacity in which he has signed even though the taker knows of the accommodation.  (3) As against a holder in  due  course  and  without  notice  of  the accommodation  oral proof of the accommodation is not admissible to give the accommodation party the  benefit  of  discharges  dependent  on  his character  as  such.  In  other cases the accommodation character may be shown by oral proof.  (4) An indorsement which shows that it is not in the chain of title is notice of its accommodation character.  (5) An accommodation party is not liable to  the  party  accommodated, and  if he pays the instrument has a right of recourse on the instrument against such party.  (6) An accommodation party warrants to any subsequent  holder  who  is not  the  party  accommodated and who takes the instrument in good faith that       (a) all signatures are genuine or authorized; and       (b) the instrument has not been materially altered; and       (c) all prior parties had capacity to contract; and       (d) he has no knowledge of any insolvency  proceeding  instituted            with  respect  to  the  maker or acceptor or the drawer of an            unaccepted instrument.
NY UCC § 3-416 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 4 - Liability of Parties 3-416 - Contract of Guarantor.

Section 3--416. Contract of Guarantor.  (1) "Payment guaranteed" or equivalent words added to a signature mean that  the  signer engages that if the instrument is not paid when due he will pay it according to its tenor without resort by the holder  to  any other party.  (2)  "Collection  guaranteed" or equivalent words added to a signature mean that the signer engages that if the instrument is not paid when due he will pay it according to its tenor, but only  after  the  holder  has reduced  his  claim  against  the  maker  or  acceptor  to  judgment and execution has been returned unsatisfied, or after the maker or  acceptor has  become  insolvent or it is otherwise apparent that it is useless to proceed against him.  (3) Words  of  guaranty  which  do  not  otherwise  specify  guarantee payment.  (4)  No  words  of  guaranty added to the signature of a sole maker or acceptor affect his liability on the instrument. Such words added to the signature of one of two or more makers or acceptors create a presumption that the signature is for the accommodation of the others.  (5) When words of guaranty are used presentment,  notice  of  dishonor and protest are not necessary to charge the user.  (6)   Any   guaranty   written   on   the   instrument  is  enforcible notwithstanding any statute of frauds.
NY UCC § 3-417 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 4 - Liability of Parties 3-417 - Warranties on Presentment and Transfer.

Section 3--417. Warranties on Presentment and Transfer.  (1)  Any  person  who  obtains  payment  or  acceptance  and any prior transferor warrants to a person who in good faith pays or accepts that       (a) he has a good title to the instrument  or  is  authorized  to            obtain  payment or acceptance on behalf of one who has a good            title; and       (b) he has no knowledge that the signature of the maker or drawer            is unauthorized, except that this warranty is not given by  a            holder in due course acting in good faith           (i) to a maker with respect to the maker's own signature; or          (ii) to  a  drawer with respect to the drawer's own signature,                whether or not the drawer is also the drawee; or         (iii) to an acceptor of a draft if the  holder  in  due  course                took  the  draft  after  the  acceptance  or obtained the                acceptance without knowledge that the drawer's  signature                was unauthorized; and       (c) the  instrument  has not been materially altered, except that            this warranty is not given by a holder in due  course  acting            in good faith           (i) to the maker of a note; or          (ii) to  the  drawer  of  a draft whether or not the drawer is                also the drawee; or         (iii) to the acceptor of a draft with respect to an  alteration                made  prior to the acceptance if the holder in due course                took the draft after  the  acceptance,  even  though  the                acceptance  provided  "payable  as  originally  drawn" or                equivalent terms; or          (iv) to the acceptor of a draft with respect to an  alteration                made after the acceptance.  (2)  Any person who transfers an instrument and receives consideration warrants to his transferee and if the transfer is by indorsement to  any subsequent holder who takes the instrument in good faith that       (a) he  has  a  good  title to the instrument or is authorized to            obtain payment or acceptance on behalf of one who has a  good            title and the transfer is otherwise rightful; and       (b) all signatures are genuine or authorized; and       (c) the instrument has not been materially altered; and       (d) no defense of any party is good against him; and       (e) he  has  no knowledge of any insolvency proceeding instituted            with respect to the maker or acceptor or  the  drawer  of  an            unaccepted instrument.  (3)  By  transferring  "without  recourse"  the  transferor limits the obligation stated in subsection (2) (d) to a warranty  that  he  has  no knowledge of such a defense.  (4)  A  selling agent or broker who does not disclose the fact that he is acting only as such gives the warranties provided  in  this  section, but  if  he  makes  such  disclosure  warrants  only  his good faith and authority.
NY UCC § 3-418 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 4 - Liability of Parties 3-418 - Finality of Payment or Acceptance.

Section 3--418. Finality of Payment or Acceptance.Except  for  recovery  of  bank payments as provided in the Article on   Bank Deposits and Collections (Article 4) and except for  liability  for   breach  of  warranty on presentment under the preceding section, payment   or acceptance of any instrument is final in favor of  a  holder  in  due   course,  or  a  person  who  has  in  good faith changed his position in   reliance on the payment.
NY UCC § 3-419 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 4 - Liability of Parties 3-419 - Conversion of Instrument; Innocent Representative.

Section 3--419. Conversion of Instrument; Innocent Representative.  (1) An instrument is converted when       (a) a  drawee  to  whom it is delivered for acceptance refuses to            return it on demand; or       (b) any person to whom it is delivered  for  payment  refuses  on            demand either to pay or to return it; or       (c) it is paid on a forged indorsement.  (2)  In an action against a drawee under subsection (1) the measure of the drawee's liability is the face amount  of  the  instrument.  In  any other  action  under subsection (1) the measure of liability is presumed to be the face amount of the instrument.  (3) Subject to the  provisions  of  this  Act  concerning  restrictive indorsements  a  representative,  including  a  depositary or collecting bank, who has in good  faith  and  in  accordance  with  the  reasonable commercial  standards  applicable to the business of such representative dealt with an instrument or its proceeds on behalf of one  who  was  not the  true  owner  is  not  liable in conversion or otherwise to the true owner beyond the amount of any proceeds remaining in his hands.  (4) An intermediary bank or payor bank which is not a depositary  bank is  not  liable in conversion solely by reason of the fact that proceeds of an item indorsed restrictively (Sections 3--205 and 3--206)  are  not paid  or  applied  consistently  with  the restrictive indorsement of an indorser other than its immediate transferor.
NY UCC § 3-501 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-501 - When Presentment, Notice of Dishonor, and Protest Necessary or Permissible.

Section 3--501. When   Presentment,  Notice  of  Dishonor,  and  Protest                   Necessary or Permissible.  (1) Unless excused (Section 3--511) presentment is necessary to charge secondary parties as follows:       (a) presentment for acceptance is necessary to charge the  drawer            and  indorsers  of a draft where the draft so provides, or is            payable elsewhere than at the residence or place of  business            of  the  drawee,  or  its  date  of payment depends upon such            presentment.  The  holder  may  at  his  option  present  for            acceptance any other draft payable at a stated date;       (b) presentment for payment is necessary to charge any indorser;       (c) in the case of any drawer, the acceptor of a draft payable at            a  bank or the maker of a note payable at a bank, presentment            for payment is necessary, but  failure  to  make  presentment            discharges  such  drawer, acceptor or maker only as stated in            Section 3--502 (1) (b).  (2) Unless excused (Section 3--511)       (a) notice of any dishonor is necessary to charge any indorser;       (b) in the case of any drawer, the acceptor of a draft payable at            a bank or the maker of a note payable at a  bank,  notice  of            any  dishonor  is  necessary, but failure to give such notice            discharges such drawer, acceptor or maker only as  stated  in            Section 3--502 (1) (b).  (3)  Unless  excused  (Section  3--511)  protest  of  any  dishonor is necessary to charge the drawer and indorsers of any draft which  on  its face  appears  to  be  drawn  or  payable  outside  of  the  states  and territories of the United States  and  the  District  of  Columbia.  The holder  may  at  his  option  make  protest of any dishonor of any other instrument and in the case of a foreign draft may on insolvency  of  the acceptor before maturity make protest for better security.  (4) Notwithstanding any provision of this section, neither presentment nor  notice  of  dishonor nor protest is necessary to charge an indorser who has indorsed an instrument after maturity.
NY UCC § 3-502 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-502 - Unexcused Delay; Discharge.

Section 3--502. Unexcused Delay; Discharge.  (1)  Where  without  excuse  any  necessary  presentment  or notice of dishonor is delayed beyond the time when it is due  (a) any indorser is discharged; and  (b) any drawer or the acceptor of a draft payable at  a  bank  or  the maker  of  a note payable at a bank who because the drawee or payor bank becomes insolvent during the delay is deprived of funds maintained  with the  drawee  or  payor  bank  to  cover the instrument may discharge his liability by written assignment to the holder of his rights against  the drawee or payor bank in respect of such funds, but such drawer, acceptor or maker is not otherwise discharged.  (2)  Where  without  excuse  a necessary protest is delayed beyond the time when it is due any drawer or indorser is discharged.
NY UCC § 3-503 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-503 - Time of Presentment.

Section 3--503. Time of Presentment.  (1)  Unless  a  different time is expressed in the instrument the time for any presentment is determined as follows:       (a) where an instrument is payable at or a fixed period  after  a            stated date any presentment for acceptance must be made on or            before the date it is payable;       (b) where  an instrument is payable after sight it must either be            presented for acceptance or negotiated  within  a  reasonable            time after date or issue whichever is later;       (c) where  an  instrument  shows  the date on which it is payable            presentment for payment is due on that date;       (d) where an instrument is accelerated presentment for payment is            due within a reasonable time after the acceleration;       (e) with  respect  to  the  liability  of  any  secondary   party            presentment for acceptance or payment of any other instrument            is  due  within  a  reasonable  time after such party becomes            liable thereon.  (2) A reasonable time for presentment is determined by the  nature  of the  instrument,  any  usage  of  banking  or trade and the facts of the particular case. In the case of an uncertified check which is drawn  and payable  within  the  United  States and which is not a draft drawn by a bank the following are presumed to be reasonable periods within which to present for payment or to initiate bank collection:       (a) with respect to the liability  of  the  drawer,  thirty  days            after date or issue whichever is later; and       (b) with  respect  to  the  liability  of an endorser, seven days            after his indorsement.  (3) Where any presentment is due on a day which is not a full business day for either the person making presentment or  the  party  to  pay  or accept,  presentment  is  due  on the next following day which is a full business day for both parties.  (4) Presentment to be sufficient must be made at  a  reasonable  hour, and if at a bank during its banking day.
NY UCC § 3-504 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-504 - How Presentment Made.

Section 3--504. How Presentment Made.  (1)  Presentment  is  a demand for acceptance or payment made upon the maker, acceptor, drawee or other payor by or on behalf of the holder.  (2) Presentment may be made       (a) by mail, in which event the time of presentment is determined            by the time of receipt of the mail; or       (b) through a clearing house; or       (c) at the place  of  acceptance  or  payment  specified  in  the            instrument  or  if  there be none at the place of business or            residence of the party to accept or pay. If neither the party            to accept or pay nor anyone authorized  to  act  for  him  is            present or accessible at such place presentment is excused.  (3) It may be made       (a) to any one of two or more makers, acceptors, drawees or other            payors; or       (b) to  any  person  who  has  authority  to  make  or refuse the            acceptance or payment.  (4) A draft accepted or a note made payable at a bank  in  the  United States must be presented at such bank.  (5)  In  the cases described in Section 4--210 presentment may be made in the manner and with the result stated in that section.
NY UCC § 3-505 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-505 - Rights of Party to Whom Presentment Is Made.

Section 3--505. Rights of Party to Whom Presentment Is Made.  (1) The party to whom presentment is made may without dishonor require       (a) exhibition of the instrument; and       (b) reasonable  identification  of  the person making presentment            and evidence of his authority to make it if made for another;            and       (c) that the instrument be produced for acceptance or payment  at            a  place  specified  in  it, or if there be none at any place            reasonable in the circumstances; and       (d) a signed receipt on the instrument for any  partial  or  full            payment and its surrender upon full payment.  (2)  Failure  to  comply  with  any  such  requirement invalidates the presentment but the person presenting has a reasonable time in which  to comply  and  the  time  for  acceptance or payment runs from the time of compliance.
NY UCC § 3-506 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-506 - Time Allowed for Acceptance or Payment.

Section 3--506. Time Allowed for Acceptance or Payment.  (1) Acceptance may be deferred without dishonor until the close of the next  business  day following presentment. The holder may also in a good faith effort to obtain acceptance and without  either  dishonor  of  the instrument  or  discharge  of  secondary  parties  allow postponement of acceptance for an additional business day.  (2) Except as a longer time is allowed  in  the  case  of  documentary drafts  drawn  under  a  letter of credit, and unless an earlier time is agreed to by the party to pay, payment of an instrument may be  deferred without  dishonor pending reasonable examination to determine whether it is properly payable, but payment must be made in any  event  before  the close of business on the day of presentment.
NY UCC § 3-507 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-507 - Dishonor; Holder's Right of Recourse; Term Allowing Re-Presentment.

Section 3--507. Dishonor;  Holder's  Right  of  Recourse;  Term Allowing                   Re-Presentment.  (1) An instrument is dishonored when       (a) a necessary or optional presentment  is  duly  made  and  due            acceptance or payment is refused or cannot be obtained within            the  prescribed  time  or  in  case  of  bank collections the            instrument is seasonably returned by  the  midnight  deadline         Section 4--301); or       (b) presentment  is  excused  and  the  instrument  is  not  duly            accepted or paid.  (2) Subject to any necessary  notice  of  dishonor  and  protest,  the holder  has  upon  dishonor  an  immediate right of recourse against the drawers and indorsers.  (3) Return of an instrument for lack  of  proper  indorsement  is  not dishonor.  (4) A term in a draft or an indorsement thereof allowing a stated time for  re-presentment  in  the  event  of  any  dishonor  of  the draft by nonacceptance if a time draft or by nonpayment if a  sight  draft  gives the holder as against any secondary party bound by the term an option to waive  the  dishonor  without  affecting  the liability of the secondary party and he may present again up to the end of the stated time.
NY UCC § 3-508 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-508 - Notice of Dishonor.

Section 3--508. Notice of Dishonor.  (1) Notice of dishonor may be given to any person who may be liable on the  instrument  by  or  on  behalf  of  the holder or any party who has himself received notice, or any other party who can be compelled to  pay the  instrument.  In  addition  an  agent  or  bank  in  whose hands the instrument is dishonored may give notice to his principal or customer or to another agent or bank from which the instrument was received.  (2) Any necessary notice must be given by a bank before  its  midnight deadline  and  by any other person before midnight of the third business day after dishonor or receipt of notice of dishonor.  (3) Notice may be given in any reasonable manner. It may  be  oral  or written and in any terms which identify the instrument and state that it has  been  dishonored. A misdescription which does not mislead the party notified does not vitiate the notice. Sending the instrument  bearing  a stamp,  ticket  or  writing  stating that acceptance or payment has been refused or sending a notice of debit with respect to the  instrument  is sufficient.  (4) Written notice is given when sent although it is not received.  (5) Notice to one partner is notice to each although the firm has been dissolved.  (6)  When  any party is in insolvency proceedings instituted after the issue of the instrument notice may be given either to the  party  or  to the representative of his estate.  (7)  When  any  party is dead or incompetent notice may be sent to his last known address or given to his personal representative.  (8) Notice operates for the benefit of all parties who have rights  on the instrument against the party notified.
NY UCC § 3-509 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-509 - Protest; Noting for Protest.

Section 3--509. Protest; Noting for Protest.  (1)  A  protest  is  a certificate of dishonor made under the hand and seal of a United States consul or vice consul  or  a  notary  public  or other  person  authorized  to  certify  dishonor by the law of the place where dishonor occurs. It may be made upon information  satisfactory  to such person.  (2)  The  protest must identify the instrument and certify either that due presentment has been made or the reason why it is excused  and  that the instrument has been dishonored by nonacceptance or nonpayment.  (3)  The  protest  may  also  certify that notice of dishonor has been given to all parties or to specified parties.  (4) Subject to subsection (5) any necessary protest is due by the time that notice of dishonor is due.  (5) If, before protest is  due,  an  instrument  has  been  noted  for protest  by  the officer to make protest, the protest may be made at any time thereafter as of the date of the noting.
NY UCC § 3-510 (2021)
2021 New York Laws UCC - Uniform Commercial Code Article 3 - Commercial Paper Part 5 - Presentment, Notice of Dishonor and Protest 3-510 - Evidence of Dishonor and Notice of Dishonor.

Section 3--510. Evidence of Dishonor and Notice of Dishonor.   The  following  are admissible as evidence and create a presumption of dishonor and of any notice of dishonor therein shown:  (a) a document regular in form as provided in  the  preceding  section which purports to be a protest;  (b)  the  purported  stamp  or  writing  of  the drawee, payor bank or presenting bank on  the  instrument  or  accompanying  it  stating  that acceptance  or  payment  has  been  refused  for reasons consistent with dishonor;  (c) any book or record of the drawee, payor bank,  or  any  collecting bank  kept  in  the  usual course of business which shows dishonor, even though there is no evidence of who made the entry.