reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Civ Pro Code § 391.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 3A - VEXATIOUS LITIGANTS|Section 391.8.

391.8.  (a) A vexatious litigant subject to a prefiling order under Section 391.7 may file an application to vacate the prefiling order and remove his or her name from the Judicial Council’s list of vexatious litigants subject to prefiling orders. The application shall be filed in the court that entered the prefiling order, either in the action in which the prefiling order was entered or in conjunction with a request to the presiding justice or presiding judge to file new litigation under Section 391.7. The application shall be made before the justice or judge who entered the order, if that justice or judge is available. If that justice or judge who entered the order is not available, the application shall be made before the presiding justice or presiding judge, or his or her designee. (b) A vexatious litigant whose application under subdivision (a) was denied shall not be permitted to file another application on or before 12 months has elapsed after the date of the denial of the previous application. (c) A court may vacate a prefiling order and order removal of a vexatious litigant’s name from the Judicial Council’s list of vexatious litigants subject to prefiling orders upon a showing of a material change in the facts upon which the order was granted and that the ends of justice would be served by vacating the order. (Added by Stats. 2011, Ch. 49, Sec. 2. (SB 731) Effective January 1, 2012.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 575 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 7a - PRETRIAL CONFERENCES|Section 575.

575.  The Judicial Council may promulgate rules governing pretrial conferences, and the time, manner and nature thereof, in civil cases at issue, or in one or more classes thereof, in the superior courts.(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 61. Effective January 1, 2003.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 575.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 7a - PRETRIAL CONFERENCES|Section 575.1.

575.1.  (a) The presiding judge of each superior court may prepare, with the assistance of appropriate committees of the court, proposed local rules designed to expedite and facilitate the business of the court. The rules need not be limited to those actions on the civil active list, but may provide for the supervision and judicial management of actions from the date they are filed. Rules prepared pursuant to this section shall be submitted for consideration to the judges of the court and, upon approval by a majority of the judges, the judges shall have the proposed rules published and submitted to the local bar and others, as specified by the Judicial Council, for consideration and recommendations.(b) After a majority of the judges have officially adopted the rules, they shall be filed with the Judicial Council as required by Section 68071 of the Government Code and as specified in rules adopted by the Judicial Council. The Judicial Council shall prescribe rules to ensure that a complete current set of local rules and amendments, for each county in the state, is made available for public examination in each county. The local rules shall also be published for general distribution in accordance with rules adopted by the Judicial Council. Each court shall make its local rules available for inspection and copying in every location of the court that generally accepts filing of papers. The court may impose a reasonable charge for copying the rules and may impose a reasonable page limit on copying. The rules shall be accompanied by a notice indicating where a full set of the rules may be purchased.(c) If a judge of a court adopts a rule that applies solely to cases in that judge’s courtroom, or a particular branch or district of a court adopts a rule that applies solely to cases in that particular branch or district of a court, the court shall publish these rules as part of the general publication of rules required by the California Rules of Court. The court shall organize the rules so that rules on a common subject, whether individual, branch, district, or courtwide appear sequentially. Individual judges’ rules and branch and district rules are local rules of court for purposes of this section and for purposes of the adoption, publication, comment, and filing requirements set forth in the Judicial Council rules applicable to local court rules.(Amended by Stats. 2003, Ch. 149, Sec. 9. Effective January 1, 2004.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 575.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 7a - PRETRIAL CONFERENCES|Section 575.2.

575.2.  (a) Local rules promulgated pursuant to Section 575.1 may provide that if any counsel, a party represented by counsel, or a party if in pro se, fails to comply with any of the requirements thereof, the court on motion of a party or on its own motion may strike out all or any part of any pleading of that party, or, dismiss the action or proceeding or any part thereof, or enter a judgment by default against that party, or impose other penalties of a lesser nature as otherwise provided by law, and may order that party or his or her counsel to pay to the moving party the reasonable expenses in making the motion, including reasonable attorney fees. No penalty may be imposed under this section without prior notice to, and an opportunity to be heard by, the party against whom the penalty is sought to be imposed.(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that if a failure to comply with these rules is the responsibility of counsel and not of the party, any penalty shall be imposed on counsel and shall not adversely affect the party’s cause of action or defense thereto.(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 806, Sec. 14. Effective January 1, 2003.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 576 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 7a - PRETRIAL CONFERENCES|Section 576.

576.  Any judge, at any time before or after commencement of trial, in the furtherance of justice, and upon such terms as may be proper, may allow the amendment of any pleading or pretrial conference order.(Added by Stats. 1963, Ch. 882.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.

676.  This title shall be known and may be cited as the Uniform Foreign-Money Claims Act.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.1.

676.1.  As used in this title:(1) “Action” means a judicial proceeding or arbitration in which a payment in money may be awarded or enforced with respect to a foreign-money claim. (2) “Bank-offered spot rate” means the spot rate of exchange at which a bank will sell foreign money at a spot rate. (3) “Conversion date” means the banking day next preceding the date on which money, in accordance with this title, is (i) paid to a claimant in an action or distribution proceeding, (ii) paid to the official designated by law to enforce a judgment or award on behalf of a claimant, or (iii) used to recoup, setoff, or counterclaim in different moneys in an action or distribution proceeding. (4) “Distribution proceeding” means a judicial or nonjudicial proceeding for the distribution of a fund in which one or more foreign-money claims is asserted and includes an accounting, an assignment for the benefit of creditors, a foreclosure, the liquidation or rehabilitation of a corporation or other entity, and the distribution of an estate, trust, or other fund. (5) “Foreign money” means money other than money of the United States of America. (6) “Foreign-money claim” means a claim upon an obligation to pay, or a claim for recovery of a loss, expressed in or measured by a foreign money. (7) “Money” means a medium of exchange for the payment of obligations or a store of value authorized or adopted by a government or by intergovernmental agreement. (8) “Money of the claim” means the money determined as proper pursuant to Section 676.4. (9) “Person” means an individual, a corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, joint venture, partnership, association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity. (10) “Rate of exchange” means the rate at which money of one country may be converted into money of another country in a free financial market convenient to or reasonably usable by a person obligated to pay or to state a rate of conversion. If separate rates of exchange apply to different kinds of transactions, the term means the rate applicable to the particular transaction giving rise to the foreign-money claim. (11) “Spot rate” means the rate of exchange at which foreign money is sold by a bank or other dealer in foreign exchange for immediate or next day availability or for settlement by immediate payment in cash or equivalent, by charge to an account, or by an agreed delayed settlement not exceeding two days. (12) “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.2.

676.2.  (a) This title applies only to a foreign-money claim in an action or distribution proceeding.(b) This title applies to foreign-money issues even if other law under the conflict-of-laws rules of this state applies to other issues in the action or distribution proceeding.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.3.

676.3.  (a) The effect of this title may be varied by agreement of the parties made before or after commencement of an action or distribution proceeding or the entry of judgment. (b) Parties to a transaction may agree upon the money to be used in a transaction giving rise to a foreign-money claim and may agree to use different moneys for different aspects of the transaction. Stating the price in a foreign money for one aspect of a transaction does not alone require the use of that money for other aspects of the transaction.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.4.

676.4.  (a) The money in which the parties to a transaction have agreed that payment is to be made is the proper money of the claim for payment. (b) If the parties to a transaction have not otherwise agreed, the proper money of the claim, as in each case may be appropriate, is one of the following: (1) The money regularly used between the parties as a matter of usage or course of dealing. (2) The money used at the time of a transaction in international trade, by trade usage or common practice, for valuing or settling transactions in the particular commodity or service involved. (3) The money in which the loss was ultimately felt or will be incurred by the party claimant.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.5.

676.5.  (a) If an amount contracted to be paid in a foreign money is measured by a specified amount of a different money, the amount to be paid is determined on the conversion date. (b) If an amount contracted to be paid in a foreign money is to be measured by a different money at the rate of exchange prevailing on a date before default, that rate of exchange applies only to payments made within a reasonable time after default, not exceeding 30 days. Thereafter, conversion is made at the bank-offered spot rate on the conversion date. (c) A monetary claim is neither usurious nor unconscionable because the agreement on which it is based provides that the amount of the debtor’s obligation to be paid in the debtor’s money, when received by the creditor, shall equal a specified amount of the foreign money of the country of the creditor. If, because of unexcused delay in payment of a judgment or award, the amount received by the creditor does not equal the amount of the foreign money specified in the agreement, the court or arbitrator shall amend the judgment or award accordingly.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.6.

676.6.  (a) A person may assert a claim in a specified foreign money. If a foreign-money claim is not asserted, the claimant makes the claim in United States dollars. (b) An opposing party may allege and prove that a claim, in whole or in part, is in a different money than that asserted by the claimant. (c) A person may assert a defense, setoff, recoupment, or counterclaim in any money without regard to the money of other claims. (d) The determination of the proper money of the claim is a question of law.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.7.

676.7.  (a) Except as provided in subdivision (c), a judgment or award on a foreign-money claim shall be stated in an amount of the money of the claim. (b) A judgment or award on a foreign-money claim is payable in that foreign money or, at the option of the debtor, in the amount of United States dollars which will purchase that foreign money on the conversion date at a bank-offered spot rate. (c) Assessed costs shall be entered in United States dollars. (d) Each payment in United States dollars shall be accepted and credited on a judgment or award on a foreign-money claim in the amount of the foreign money that could be purchased by the dollars at a bank-offered spot rate of exchange at or near the close of business on the conversion date for that payment. (e) A judgment or award made in an action or distribution proceeding on both (1) a defense, setoff, recoupment, or counterclaim and (2) the adverse party’s claim, shall be netted by converting the money of the smaller into the money of the larger, and by subtracting the smaller from the larger, and specify the rates of exchange used. (f) A judgment substantially in the following form complies with subdivision (a): “IT IS ADJUDGED AND ORDERED, that Defendant (insert name) pay to Plaintiff (insert name) the sum of (insert amount in the foreign money) plus interest on that sum at the rate of (insert rate--see Section 676.9) percent a year or, at the option of the judgment debtor, the number of United States dollars which will purchase the (insert name of foreign money) with interest due, at a bank-offered spot rate at or near the close of business on the banking day next before the day of payment, together with assessed costs of (insert amount) United States dollars.‛(g) If a contract claim is of the type covered by subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 676.5, the judgment or award shall be entered for the amount of money stated to measure the obligation to be paid in the money specified for payment or, at the option of the debtor, the number of United States dollars which will purchase the computed amount of the money of payment on the conversion date at a bank-offered spot rate. (h) A judgment shall be entered in foreign money in the same manner, and has the same effect as a lien, as other judgments. It may be discharged by payment.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.8.

676.8.  The rate of exchange prevailing at or near the close of business on the day the distribution proceeding is initiated governs all exchanges of foreign money in a distribution proceeding. A foreign-money claimant in a distribution proceeding shall assert its claim in the named foreign money and show the amount of United States dollars resulting from a conversion as of the date the proceeding was initiated.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.9 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.9.

676.9.  (a) With respect to a foreign-money claim, recovery of prejudgment or pre-award interest and the rate of interest to be applied in the action or distribution proceeding, except as provided in subdivision (b), are matters of the substantive law governing the right to recovery under the conflict-of-laws rules of this state. (b) The court or arbitrator shall increase or decrease the amount of prejudgment or pre-award interest otherwise payable in a judgment or award in foreign money to the extent required by the law of this state governing a failure to make or accept an offer of settlement or offer of judgment, or conduct by a party or its attorney causing undue delay or expense. (c) A judgment or award on a foreign-money claim bears interest at the rate applicable to judgments of this state.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.10 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.10.

676.10.  (a) If an action is brought to enforce a judgment of another jurisdiction expressed in a foreign money and the judgment is recognized in this state as enforceable, the enforcing judgment shall be entered as provided in Section 676.7, whether or not the foreign judgment confers an option to pay in an equivalent amount of United States dollars. (b) A foreign judgment may be enforced in accordance with Title 11 (commencing with Section 1710.10) of Part 3. (c) A satisfaction or partial payment made upon the foreign judgment, on proof thereof, shall be credited against the amount of foreign money specified in the judgment, notwithstanding the entry of judgment in this state. (d) A judgment entered on a foreign-money claim only in United States dollars in another state shall be enforced in this state in United States dollars only.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.11 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.11.

676.11.  (a) Computations under this section are for the limited purposes of the section and do not affect computation of the United States dollar equivalent of the money of the judgment for the purpose of payment. (b) For the limited purpose of facilitating the enforcement of provisional remedies in an action, the value in United States dollars of assets to be seized or restrained pursuant to a writ of attachment, garnishment, execution, or other legal process, the amount of United States dollars at issue for assessing costs, or the amount of United States dollars involved for a surety bond or other court-required undertaking, shall be ascertained as provided in subdivisions (c) and (d). (c) A party seeking process, costs, bond, or other undertaking under subdivision (b) shall compute in United States dollars the amount of the foreign money claimed from a bank-offered spot rate prevailing at or near the close of business on the banking day next preceding the filing of a request or application for the issuance of process or for the determination of costs, or an application for a bond or other court-required undertaking. (d) A party seeking the process, costs, bond, or other undertaking under subdivision (b) shall file with each request or application an affidavit or certificate executed in good faith by its counsel or a bank officer, stating the market quotation used and how it was obtained, and setting forth the calculation. Affected court officials incur no liability, after a filing of the affidavit or certificate, for acting as if the judgment were in the amount of United States dollars stated in the affidavit or certificate.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.12 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.12.

676.12.  (a) If, after an obligation is expressed or a loss is incurred in a foreign money, the country issuing or adopting that money substitutes a new money in place of that money, the obligation or the loss is treated as if expressed or incurred in the new money at the rate of conversion the issuing country establishes for the payment of like obligations or losses denominated in the former money. (b) If substitution under subdivision (a) occurs after a judgment or award is entered on a foreign-money claim, the court or arbitrator shall amend the judgment or award by a like conversion of the former money.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.13 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.13.

676.13.  Unless displaced by particular provisions of this title, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant, and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, or other validating or invalidating causes supplement its provisions.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.14 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.14.

676.14.  This title shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this title among states enacting it.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.15 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.15.

676.15.  If any provision of this title or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, that invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this title which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this title are severable.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 676.16 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 2 - OF CIVIL ACTIONS|TITLE 8.5 - UNIFORM FOREIGN-MONEY CLAIMS ACT|Section 676.16.

676.16.  This title applies to actions and distribution proceedings commenced on or after January 1, 1992.(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 932, Sec. 1.)
CA Civ Pro Code § 1209.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Code of Civil Procedure - CCP|PART 3 - OF SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS OF A CIVIL NATURE|TITLE 5 - OF CONTEMPTS|Section 1209.5.

1209.5.  When a court of competent jurisdiction makes an order compelling a parent to furnish support or necessary food, clothing, shelter, medical attendance, or other remedial care for his or her child, proof that the order was made, filed, and served on the parent or proof that the parent was present in court at the time the order was pronounced and proof that the parent did not comply with the order is prima facie evidence of a contempt of court.(Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 163, Sec. 57. Effective January 1, 1993. Operative January 1, 1994, by Sec. 161 of Ch. 163.)