reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  2-402 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 2 - Law Enforcement Procedures; Arrest Process|Subtitle 4 - Custodial Interrogation|Section 2-402 - Public Policy

    It is the public policy of the State that:        (1)    a law enforcement unit that regularly utilizes one or more interrogation rooms capable of creating audiovisual recordings of custodial interrogations shall make reasonable efforts to create an audiovisual recording of a custodial interrogation of a criminal suspect in connection with a case involving murder, rape, sexual offense in the first degree, or sexual offense in the second degree, whenever possible; and        (2)    a law enforcement unit that does not regularly utilize one or more interrogation rooms capable of creating audiovisual recordings of custodial interrogations shall make reasonable efforts to create an audio recording of a custodial interrogation of a criminal suspect in connection with a case involving murder, rape, sexual offense in the first degree, or sexual offense in the second degree, whenever possible.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  2-403 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 2 - Law Enforcement Procedures; Arrest Process|Subtitle 4 - Custodial Interrogation|Section 2-403 - Exemption From Maryland Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance Act

    An audio or audiovisual recording made by a law enforcement unit of a custodial interrogation of a criminal suspect is exempt from the Maryland Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance Act.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  2-404 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 2 - Law Enforcement Procedures; Arrest Process|Subtitle 4 - Custodial Interrogation|Section 2-404 - Report

    On or before December 31, 2009, and annually thereafter, the Governor’s Office of Crime Prevention, Youth, and Victim Services shall report to the House Judiciary Committee and the Senate Judicial Proceedings Committee, in accordance with § 2–1257 of the State Government Article on the progress of jurisdictions and the Department of State Police in establishing interrogation rooms capable of creating audiovisual recordings of custodial interrogations.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-102 - Charge by Criminal Information

    A State’s Attorney may charge by information:         (1)    in a case involving a felony that does not involve a felony within the jurisdiction of the District Court, if the defendant is entitled to a preliminary hearing but does not request a hearing within 10 days after a court or court commissioner informs the defendant about the availability of a preliminary hearing; or        (2)    in any other case, if a court in a preliminary hearing finds that there is probable cause to hold the defendant.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-103 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-103 - Preliminary Hearing

    (a)    If a defendant is charged with a felony other than a felony within the jurisdiction of the District Court, at the time of the defendant’s initial appearance, as required by Maryland Rule 4-213, a court or court commissioner shall advise the defendant of the defendant’s right to request a preliminary hearing.    (b)    (1)    If a defendant is charged with a felony other than a felony within the jurisdiction of the District Court, the defendant may request a preliminary hearing at the defendant’s initial appearance or at any time within 10 days after the initial appearance.        (2)    If the defendant does not request a preliminary hearing within 10 days after the initial appearance, the right to a preliminary hearing is waived.    (c)    (1)    If a defendant is charged with a felony other than a felony within the jurisdiction of the District Court, the right of a defendant to a preliminary hearing is absolute if:            (i)    the defendant is charged by criminal information; and            (ii)    the defendant requests a preliminary hearing in accordance with subsection (b) of this section.        (2)    If the defendant is charged by grand jury indictment, the right of a defendant to a preliminary hearing is not absolute but the court may allow the defendant to have a preliminary hearing.        (3)    In any other case, the right of a defendant to a preliminary hearing is not absolute, but on motion of the State’s Attorney or the defendant, and subject to the Maryland Rules, the court may allow the defendant to have a preliminary hearing.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-104 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-104 - Merger of Common Law Misdemeanor in Statutory Felony Prohibited

    If a statute makes a felony of a crime that is a misdemeanor at common law, a charging document:         (1)    may not merge the misdemeanor in the felony; but        (2)    may contain counts for the felony and for the misdemeanor.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-105 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-105 - Naming of Two or More Persons With Like Interests in Charging Document

    (a)    In speaking of any partners, joint tenants, heirs, tenants in common, or trustees, a charging document may name any one of them and speak of them as the named person and another or others, as the case may be.    (b)    In stating the ownership or possession of real or personal property owned or possessed by two or more persons, a charging document may name one of the persons and lay the ownership or possession in the named person and another or others, as the case may be.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-106 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-106 - Description of Money in Charging Document

    (a)    A charging document may describe an amount of money in dollars and cents without specifying the particular notes, denominations, coins, or certificates circulating as money that constitute the amount.    (b)    A description of an amount of money in dollars and cents under subsection (a) of this section is sustained by proof of any number of notes, denominations, coins, or certificates circulating as money without proof of the particular species of notes, denominations, coins, or certificates that constitute the amount.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-107 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-107 - Charging Document for Violation of Ordinance

    (a)    It is not necessary to set forth a copy of an ordinance or a section of an ordinance in a charging document for the violation of an ordinance of a municipal corporation, a county, or a special taxing area.    (b)    A charging document specified in subsection (a) of this section is sufficient if it:        (1)    cites the ordinance alleged to have been violated by date of passage or, if codified, by article and section number;        (2)    conforms to the law governing the framing of charging documents for a violation of an act of the General Assembly; and        (3)    concludes with the words “against the peace, government, and dignity of the State.”.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-108 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 1 - Charging Procedures and Documents|Section 4-108 - Charging Document for Crimes Involving Instruments

    (a)    In making an averment as to an instrument, whether the instrument consists wholly or partly of writing, print, or figures, a charging document may describe the instrument by its usual name or designation or by its purport, without setting out a copy of the instrument or part of the instrument.    (b)    (1)    This subsection applies to a charging document for:            (i)    counterfeiting, issuing, disposing of, altering, stealing, embezzling, destroying, or passing any kind of instrument; or            (ii)    theft by the obtaining of property by false pretenses.        (2)    A charging document is sufficient if the charging document alleges that the defendant acted with the intent to defraud, without alleging the intent of the defendant to defraud any particular person.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-202.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 2 - Venue and Other Procedural Matters|Section 4-202.1 - Transfer of Case Involving Detained Child

    (a)    In this section, “child” means a defendant who is under the age of 18 years and whose case is eligible for transfer under the provisions of § 4-202(b)(1) and (2) and (c) of this subtitle.    (b)    If a child remains in custody for any reason after a bail review hearing:        (1)    in the case of a child charged with a felony that is not within the jurisdiction of the District Court, the District Court shall:            (i)    clearly indicate on the case file and in computer records that the case involves a detained child; and            (ii)    set a preliminary hearing to be held within 15 days after the bail review hearing; or        (2)    in the case of a child charged with a crime in the District Court, the District Court:            (i)    shall clearly indicate on the case file and in computer records that the case involves a detained child;            (ii)    shall set a transfer hearing under § 4-202 of this subtitle to be held within 30 days after the filing of the charging document;            (iii)    may order that a study be made under § 4-202 of this subtitle; and            (iv)    shall require that prompt notice be given to counsel for the child, or, if the child is not represented by counsel, to the Office of the Public Defender.    (c)    On receipt of a District Court case file that indicates that the case involves a child who was detained after a bail review hearing under subsection (b) of this section, a circuit court:        (1)    unless previously set by the District Court under subsection (b)(2) of this section, shall set a transfer hearing under § 4-202 of this subtitle to be held within 30 days after the filing of the charging document in the circuit court;        (2)    unless previously ordered by the District Court under subsection (b)(2) of this section, may order that a study be made under § 4-202 of this subtitle; and        (3)    shall require that prompt notice be given to counsel for the child, or, if the child is not represented by counsel, to the Office of the Public Defender.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-202.2 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 2 - Venue and Other Procedural Matters|Section 4-202.2 - Transfer of Case Involving Detained Child -- at Sentencing

    (a)    At sentencing, a court exercising criminal jurisdiction in a case involving a child shall determine whether to transfer jurisdiction to the juvenile court if:        (1)    as a result of trial or a plea entered under Maryland Rule 4–242, all charges that excluded jurisdiction from the juvenile court under § 3–8A–03(d)(1) or (4) of the Courts Article do not result in a finding of guilty; and        (2)    (i)    pretrial transfer was prohibited under § 4–202(c)(2) of this subtitle; or            (ii)    the court did not transfer jurisdiction after a hearing under § 4–202(b) of this subtitle.    (b)    In determining whether to transfer jurisdiction under subsection (a) of this section, the court shall consider:        (1)    the age of the child;        (2)    the mental and physical condition of the child;        (3)    the amenability of the child to treatment in an institution, facility, or program available to delinquent children;        (4)    the nature of the child’s acts as proven in the trial or admitted to in a plea entered under Maryland Rule 4–242; and        (5)    public safety.    (c)    The court may not consider transferring jurisdiction to the juvenile court under this section if:        (1)    under the terms of a plea agreement entered under Maryland Rule 4–243, the child agrees that jurisdiction is not to be transferred; or        (2)    pretrial transfer was prohibited under § 4–202(c)(1) of this subtitle.    (d)    (1)    A victim or victim’s representative shall be given notice of the transfer hearing as provided under § 11–104 of this article.        (2)    (i)    A victim or victim’s representative may submit a victim impact statement to the court as provided in § 11–402 of this article.            (ii)    This paragraph does not preclude a victim or victim’s representative who has not filed a notification request form under § 11–104 of this article from submitting a victim impact statement to the court.            (iii)    The court shall consider a victim impact statement in determining whether to transfer jurisdiction under this section.    (e)    (1)    If the court transfers its jurisdiction to the juvenile court, the court shall conduct a disposition under the regular procedures of the juvenile court.        (2)    The record of the hearing and of the disposition shall be transferred to the juvenile court, subject to § 3–8A–27 of the Courts Article.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-203 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 2 - Venue and Other Procedural Matters|Section 4-203 - Process Against Corporations

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    “Corporation” includes a joint-stock company and an association.        (3)    “Limited liability company” includes a limited liability partnership and a limited liability limited partnership.    (b)    If a charging document is filed against a corporation or limited liability company, the clerk of court may issue a summons to the corporation or limited liability company in its corporate or company name to appear at the court to answer the charging document.    (c)    A summons served under subsection (b) of this section may be served in the same manner as provided for service of process in a civil suit under the Maryland Rules.    (d)    (1)    If a sheriff or other officer returns a summons served under this section as “summoned” or “served”:            (i)    the corporation or limited liability company to whom the summons was issued shall be considered as in court and as appearing to the charging document; and            (ii)    the court shall order the clerk to enter an appearance for the corporation or limited liability company and to endorse a plea of not guilty on the charging document.        (2)    After the clerk makes the entry and endorsement specified in paragraph (1)(ii) of this subsection, further proceedings may occur concerning the charging document in the same manner as if the corporation or limited liability company had appeared and pleaded not guilty.    (e)    (1)    If a corporation or limited liability company is served a summons under this section and is convicted on the charging document, a court may:            (i)    pass a judgment concerning the charging document; and            (ii)    issue process of execution to the sheriff of the county against the property of the corporation or limited liability company for the amount of the fine and costs that may be awarded against the corporation or limited liability company in the same manner as on a judgment in a civil action.        (2)    A sheriff shall sell the property of the corporation or limited liability company on an execution under paragraph (1) of this subsection in the same manner as on an execution issued in a civil suit.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-204 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 2 - Venue and Other Procedural Matters|Section 4-204 - Accessory Before the Fact

    (a)    In this section, the words “accessory before the fact” and “principal” have their judicially determined meanings.    (b)    Except for a sentencing proceeding under § 2–304 of the Criminal Law Article:        (1)    the distinction between an accessory before the fact and a principal is abrogated; and        (2)    an accessory before the fact may be charged, tried, convicted, and sentenced as a principal.    (c)    An accessory before the fact may be charged, tried, convicted, and sentenced for a crime regardless of whether a principal in the crime has been:        (1)    charged with the crime;        (2)    acquitted of the crime; or        (3)    convicted of a lesser or different crime.    (d)    If a crime is committed in the State, an accessory before the fact may be charged, tried and convicted, and sentenced in a county where:        (1)    an act of accessoryship was committed; or        (2)    a principal in the crime may be charged, tried and convicted, and sentenced.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  4-205 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 4 - Pretrial Procedures|Subtitle 2 - Venue and Other Procedural Matters|Section 4-205 - Blood Lead Level Testing

    (a)    Before trial, a court exercising criminal jurisdiction in a case involving a child may order the child to undergo blood lead level testing.    (b)    A copy of the results of a test performed under subsection (a) of this section shall be provided to:        (1)    the child;        (2)    the child’s parent or guardian;        (3)    the child’s counsel; and        (4)    the State’s Attorney.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  5-101 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 5 - Release|Subtitle 1 - In General|Section 5-101 - Release on Personal Recognizance

    (a)    This section shall be liberally construed to carry out the purpose of relying on criminal sanctions instead of financial loss to ensure the appearance of a defendant in a criminal case before verdict or pending a new trial.    (b)    (1)    Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, if, from all the circumstances, the court believes that a minor or adult defendant in a criminal case will appear as required for trial before verdict or pending trial, the defendant may be released on personal recognizance.        (2)    A failure to appear as required by personal recognizance is subject to the penalties provided in § 5-211 of this title.    (c)    A defendant may not be released on personal recognizance if the defendant is charged with:        (1)    a crime listed in § 5–202(d) of this title after having been convicted of a crime listed in § 5–202(d) of this title; or        (2)    a crime punishable by life imprisonment without parole.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  5-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 5 - Release|Subtitle 1 - In General|Section 5-102 - Defendant Charged With Crime Punishable by Life Imprisonment

    A defendant charged with a crime punishable by life imprisonment may be released on bail or other conditions of release before conviction.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  5-103 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 5 - Release|Subtitle 1 - In General|Section 5-103 - Pretrial Risk Scoring Instrument

    (a)    In this section, “pretrial risk scoring instrument” means a tool, a metric, an algorithm, or software that is used to assist in determining the eligibility of a defendant for pretrial release in a pretrial proceeding based on the defendant’s flight risk and threat to community safety.    (b)    A jurisdiction that uses a pretrial risk scoring instrument to determine the eligibility of a defendant for pretrial release shall have an independent validation study of the pretrial risk scoring instrument conducted at least once every 5 years.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  5-201 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 5 - Release|Subtitle 2 - Pretrial Release|Section 5-201 - Conditions of Pretrial Release

    (a)    (1)    The court or a District Court commissioner shall consider including, as a condition of pretrial release for a defendant, reasonable protections for the safety of the alleged victim.        (2)    If a victim has requested reasonable protections for safety, the court or a District Court commissioner shall consider including, as a condition of pretrial release, provisions regarding no contact with the alleged victim or the alleged victim’s premises or place of employment.    (b)    (1)    In accordance with eligibility criteria, conditions, and procedures required under the Maryland Rules, the court may require, as a condition of a defendant’s pretrial release, that the defendant be monitored by a private home detention monitoring agency licensed under Title 20 of the Business Occupations and Professions Article.        (2)    A defendant placed in private home detention under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall pay directly to the private home detention monitoring agency the agency’s monitoring fee.
MD. Criminal Procedure Code Ann. §  5-203 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Procedure|Title 5 - Release|Subtitle 2 - Pretrial Release|Section 5-203 - Bail Bonds in Circuit Courts

    (a)    (1)    Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3) of this subsection, a circuit court may adopt rules setting the terms and conditions of bail bonds filed in that court and rules on the qualifications of and fees charged by bail bondsmen.        (2)    Notwithstanding any other law or rule to the contrary, if expressly authorized by the court, a defendant or a private surety acting for the defendant may post a bail bond by executing it in the full penalty amount and depositing with the clerk of court the greater of 10% of the penalty amount or $25.        (3)    (i)    Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, if an order setting “cash bail” or “cash bond” specifies that it may be posted by the defendant only, the “cash bail” or “cash bond” may be posted by the defendant, by an individual, or by a private surety, acting for the defendant, that holds a certificate of authority in the State.            (ii)    Unless otherwise ordered by the court, an order setting “cash bail” or “cash bond” for a failure to pay support under Title 10, Title 11, Title 12, or Title 13 of the Family Law Article may be posted by the defendant only.        (4)    A bail bond commissioner may be appointed to carry out rules adopted under this section.        (5)    A violation of a rule adopted under this section is contempt of court and shall be punished in accordance with Title 15, Chapter 200 of the Maryland Rules.        (6)    A person may not engage in the business of becoming a surety for compensation on bail bonds in criminal cases unless the person is:            (i)    approved in accordance with any rules adopted under this section; and            (ii)    if required under the Insurance Article, licensed in accordance with the Insurance Article.    (b)    (1)    In the circuit courts in the Seventh Judicial Circuit, a bail bondsman approved under subsection (a) of this section shall pay a license fee of 1% of the gross value of all bail bonds written in all courts of the circuit, if the fee is approved by the court of the county in which it applies.        (2)    The fee shall be paid to the court as required by the rules of court and shall be used to pay the expenses of carrying out this section.        (3)    Any absolute bail bond forfeitures collected may be used to pay the expenses of carrying out this section.