reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MN Stat § 334.16 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.16 — Finance Charges For Open End Credit Sales.

334.16 FINANCE CHARGES FOR OPEN END CREDIT SALES. Subdivision 1. Limitation of rates. The imposition, charge or collection of a finance charge upon an account balance by a seller of goods, services or both shall be lawful, provided that: (a) The sale is a consumer credit sale pursuant to an open end credit plan, agreement or arrangement between the buyer and seller under which (1) the seller may permit the buyer to make purchases from time to time from the seller or other sellers, (2) the buyer has the privilege of paying the balance in full or in installments, and (3) a finance charge may be computed by the seller from time to time on an outstanding unpaid balance. (b) The terms of the plan, agreement or arrangement provide for a periodic rate of finance charge which does not exceed 1-1/2 percent per month computed on an amount no greater than the average daily balance of the account during each monthly billing cycle; provided a minimum finance charge not in excess of 50 cents per month may be imposed, charged or collected. (c) No finance charge in excess of 1-1/3 percent per month shall be imposed on an open end and consumer credit account by any issuer whose credit card is issued primarily for the purpose of purchasing motor fuels and related products and whose gross annual national sales exceed $10 billion. Retailers must give adequate notice to open end consumer credit customers before any higher interest rate is applied. Accompanying credit statements must not suggest that the Minnesota legislature required retailers to raise interest rates. The accompanying material must make clear that the increase affects only the maximum allowable interest rate. Subd. 2. Definitions and computations. The definitions and the provisions on computation of percentage rates in the Truth-in-Lending Act, Title I of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, Public Law 90-321, and in Regulation Z of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System adopted pursuant thereto, Code of Federal Regulations, title 12, part 226, as in effect on June 5, 1971, shall apply to the terms used in sections 334.16 to 334.18, and computations thereunder. Subd. 3. Computation of average daily balance. The calculation of the average daily balance for the purpose of the limitation on rates imposed by subdivision 1, paragraph (b), shall be made by excluding from the daily balances the amount of each sale from the date of sale until the last day of the regular billing cycle during which the sale was made. The portion of any balance arising from the sale of goods which are returned shall be excluded from the unpaid balance as of the date the goods are returned. History:  1971 c 877 s 1; 1980 c 346 s 1,2; 1981 c 347 s 4; 1985 c 57 s 1
MN Stat § 334.17 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.17 — Prior Open End Credit Sales And Agreements Confirmed.

334.17 PRIOR OPEN END CREDIT SALES AND AGREEMENTS CONFIRMED. Open end consumer credit sales plans, agreements and arrangements and sales pursuant thereto made prior to August 1, 1971, shall be enforceable by the buyer and the seller, the defense of usury shall not be interposed in any action thereon and no action shall be maintained in any court to recover moneys paid thereunder; provided the finance charge to be imposed, charged and collected on or after August 1, 1971, with respect to any open end consumer credit sales, plans, agreements and arrangements, and sales pursuant thereto whether made before or after August 1, 1971, shall not exceed the finance charge provided in section 334.16, subdivision 1, clause (b). Nothing contained in sections 334.16 to 334.18 shall be construed to affect any constitutionally protected vested right or any action by an individual acting personally, and not as a representative of a class, for recovery of interest or finance charges paid and no class action shall be maintained therefor. History:  1971 c 877 s 2; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 334.171 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.171 — Open End Credit Plans; Delinquencies And Collection Charges.

334.171 OPEN END CREDIT PLANS; DELINQUENCIES AND COLLECTION CHARGES. If an open end credit plan, agreement, or arrangement between the buyer and seller so provides, a seller or holder may collect a delinquency and collection charge on each installment in arrears for a period of not less than ten days in an amount not in excess of any such charge which may be imposed on residents of this state by any institution defined in subsection (c)(2)(F) of section 101(a) of the Competitive Equality Amendments of 1987 and the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, United States Code, title 12, section 1841(c)(2)(F), by any national banking association under section 85 of the National Bank Act of 1864, United States Code, title 12, section 85, or by any state chartered insured depository institution under section 521 of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980, United States Code, title 12, section 1813d(a). History:   1995 c 202 art 3 s 21
MN Stat § 334.18 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.18 — Penalties For Violations.

334.18 PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS. Any seller who violates any provision of sections 334.16 to 334.18, except as a result of an unintentional act or bona fide error, shall forfeit to the buyer three times any finance charge imposed, charged or collected under or in connection with the related open end credit plan, agreement or arrangement for so long as the violation continues. History:   1971 c 877 s 3
MN Stat § 334.19 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.19 — Interest Rates On Margin Accounts.

334.19 INTEREST RATES ON MARGIN ACCOUNTS. Subject to the provisions of chapter 80A, no law in this state prescribing or limiting interest rates upon loans applies to interest charged by a broker or dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, for carrying a debit balance including a debit balance arising out of a nonpurpose loan, in an account for a customer if such debit balance is payable on demand and secured by securities or bonds. History:  1974 c 26 s 1; 1975 c 27 s 1
MN Stat § 334.20 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.20 — Usurious Interest; Determination At Time Of Contract.

334.20 USURIOUS INTEREST; DETERMINATION AT TIME OF CONTRACT. The law existing at the time of a contract for the loan or forbearance of money, goods, or services, or things in action shall determine whether the interest charged on the loan or forbearance exceeded the maximum statutory interest rate, and the penalty for exceeding the maximum statutory interest rate in effect at the time of the transaction shall be applied notwithstanding a subsequent repeal or modification of the maximum statutory interest rate. This section applies to all actions to enforce a contract for the loan or forbearance of money, goods, or things in action that have not been reduced to final judgment on May 29, 1985, and applies to all contracts governed by this chapter and chapters 47, 48, 50, 51A, 52, 53, and 56, except sections 334.16 to 334.18. History:   1985 c 244 s 1
MN Stat § 334.21 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 334 — Money, Rates Of Interest|Section 334.21 — Motor Vehicle Lease Agreements.

334.21 MOTOR VEHICLE LEASE AGREEMENTS. A motor vehicle lease agreement may include the outstanding balance from a prior motor vehicle loan or lease. History:   1999 c 151 s 47
MN Stat § 336.1-101 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-101 — Short Titles.

 336.1-101 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-101 SHORT TITLES. (a) This chapter may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Code. (b) This article may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code - General Provisions. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 1
MN Stat § 336.1-102 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-102 — Scope Of Article.

 336.1-102 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-102 SCOPE OF ARTICLE. This article applies to a transaction to the extent that it is governed by another article of the Uniform Commercial Code. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 2
MN Stat § 336.1-103 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-103 — Construction Of Uniform Commercial Code To Promote Its Purposes And Policies; Applicability Of Supplemental Principles Of Law.

 336.1-103 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-103 CONSTRUCTION OF UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE TO PROMOTE ITS PURPOSES AND POLICIES; APPLICABILITY OF SUPPLEMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW. (a) The Uniform Commercial Code must be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are: (1) to simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions; (2) to permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage, and agreement of the parties; and (3) to make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions. (b) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, and other validating or invalidating cause supplement its provisions. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 3
MN Stat § 336.1-104 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-104 — Construction Against Implied Repeal.

 336.1-104 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-104 CONSTRUCTION AGAINST IMPLIED REPEAL. The Uniform Commercial Code being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly repealed by subsequent legislation if such construction can reasonably be avoided. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 4
MN Stat § 336.1-105 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-105 — Severability.

 336.1-105 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-105 SEVERABILITY. If any provision or clause of the Uniform Commercial Code or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the Uniform Commercial Code which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code are severable. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 5
MN Stat § 336.1-106 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-106 — Use Of Singular And Plural; Gender.

 336.1-106 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-106 USE OF SINGULAR AND PLURAL; GENDER. In the Uniform Commercial Code, unless the statutory context otherwise requires: (1) words in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the singular; and (2) words of any gender also refer to any other gender. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 6
MN Stat § 336.1-107 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-107 — Section Captions.

 336.1-107 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-107 SECTION CAPTIONS. Section captions are part of the Uniform Commercial Code. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 7
MN Stat § 336.1-108 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-108 — Relation To Electronic Signatures In Global And National Commerce Act.

 336.1-108 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-108 RELATION TO ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL COMMERCE ACT. This chapter modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (15 U.S.C. Section 7001, et seq.) but does not modify, limit, or supersede Section 101(c) of that act (15 U.S.C. Section 7001(c)) or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in Section 103(b) of that act (15 U.S.C. Section 7003(b)). History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 8
MN Stat § 336.1-110 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-110 — Uniform Commercial Code Account.

 336.1-110 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-110 UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE ACCOUNT. The Uniform Commercial Code account is established as an account in the state treasury. Fees that are not expressly set by statute but are charged by the secretary of state to offset the costs of providing a service under this chapter must be deposited in the state treasury and credited to the Uniform Commercial Code account. Fees that are not expressly set by statute but are charged by the secretary of state to offset the costs of providing information contained in the computerized records maintained by the secretary of state must be deposited in the state treasury and credited to the Uniform Commercial Code account. Money in the Uniform Commercial Code account is continuously appropriated to the secretary of state to implement and maintain the central filing system under this chapter, to provide, improve, and expand other online or remote lien and business entity filing, retrieval, and payment method services provided by the secretary of state, and to provide electronic access to other computerized records maintained by the secretary of state. History:  2004 c 162 art 1 s 9; 2007 c 148 art 2 s 60
MN Stat § 336.1-202 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-202 — Notice; Knowledge.

 336.1-202 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-202 NOTICE; KNOWLEDGE. (a) Subject to subsection (f), a person has "notice" of a fact if the person: (1) has actual knowledge of it; (2) has received a notice or notification of it; or (3) from all the facts and circumstances known to the person at the time in question, has reason to know that it exists. (b) "Knowledge" means actual knowledge. "Knows" has a corresponding meaning. (c) "Discover," "learn," or words of similar import refer to knowledge rather than to reason to know. (d) A person "notifies" or "gives" a notice or notification to another person by taking such steps as may be reasonably required to inform the other person in ordinary course, whether or not the other person actually comes to know of it. (e) Subject to subsection (f), a person "receives" a notice or notification when: (1) it comes to that person's attention; or (2) it is duly delivered in a form reasonable under the circumstances at the place of business through which the contract was made or at another location held out by that person as the place for receipt of such communications. (f) Notice, knowledge, or a notice or notification received by an organization is effective for a particular transaction from the time it is brought to the attention of the individual conducting that transaction and, in any event, from the time it would have been brought to the individual's attention if the organization had exercised due diligence. An organization exercises due diligence if it maintains reasonable routines for communicating significant information to the person conducting the transaction and there is reasonable compliance with the routines. Due diligence does not require an individual acting for the organization to communicate information unless the communication is part of the individual's regular duties or the individual has reason to know of the transaction and that the transaction would be materially affected by the information. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 11
MN Stat § 336.1-204 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-204 — Value.

 336.1-204 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-204 VALUE. Except as otherwise provided in articles 3, 4, and 5, a person gives value for rights if the person acquires them: (1) in return for a binding commitment to extend credit or for the extension of immediately available credit, whether or not drawn upon and whether or not a chargeback is provided for in the event of difficulties in collection; (2) as security for, or in total or partial satisfaction of, a preexisting claim; (3) by accepting delivery under a preexisting contract for purchase; or (4) in return for any consideration sufficient to support a simple contract. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 13
MN Stat § 336.1-205 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-205 — Reasonable Time; Seasonableness.

 336.1-205 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-205 REASONABLE TIME; SEASONABLENESS. (a) Whether a time for taking an action required by the Uniform Commercial Code is reasonable depends on the nature, purpose, and circumstances of the action. (b) An action is taken seasonably if it is taken at or within the time agreed or, if no time is agreed, at or within a reasonable time. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 14
MN Stat § 336.1-206 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-206 — Presumptions.

 336.1-206 MS 2002 [Repealed, 2004 c 162 art 1 s 26] 336.1-206 PRESUMPTIONS. Whenever the Uniform Commercial Code creates a "presumption" with respect to a fact, or provides that a fact is "presumed," the trier of fact must find the existence of the fact unless and until evidence is introduced that supports a finding of its nonexistence. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 15
MN Stat § 336.1-301 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-301 — Territorial Applicability; Parties' Power To Choose Applicable Law.

336.1-301 TERRITORIAL APPLICABILITY; PARTIES' POWER TO CHOOSE APPLICABLE LAW. (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, when a transaction bears a reasonable relation to this state and also to another state or nation the parties may agree that the law either of this state or of such other state or nation shall govern their rights and duties. (b) In the absence of an agreement effective under subsection (a), and except as provided in subsection (c), the Uniform Commercial Code applies to transactions bearing an appropriate relation to this state. (c) If one of the following provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code specifies the applicable law, that provision governs and a contrary agreement is effective only to the extent permitted by the law so specified: (1) section 336.2-402; (2) sections 336.2A-105 and 336.2A-106; (3) section 336.4-102; (4) section 336.4A-507; (5) section 336.5-116; (6) section 336.8-110; (7) sections 336.9-301 through 336.9-307. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 16
MN Stat § 336.1-302 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-302 — Variation By Agreement.

336.1-302 VARIATION BY AGREEMENT. (a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) or elsewhere in the Uniform Commercial Code, the effect of provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code may be varied by agreement. (b) The obligations of good faith, diligence, reasonableness, and care prescribed by the Uniform Commercial Code may not be disclaimed by agreement. The parties, by agreement, may determine the standards by which the performance of those obligations is to be measured if those standards are not manifestly unreasonable. Whenever the Uniform Commercial Code requires an action to be taken within a reasonable time, a time that is not manifestly unreasonable may be fixed by agreement. (c) The presence in certain provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code of the phrase "unless otherwise agreed," or words of similar import, does not imply that the effect of other provisions may not be varied by agreement under this section. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 17
MN Stat § 336.1-303 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 336 — Uniform Commercial Code|Section 336.1-303 — Course Of Performance, Course Of Dealing, And Usage Of Trade.

336.1-303 COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING, AND USAGE OF TRADE. (a) A "course of performance" is a sequence of conduct between the parties to a particular transaction that exists if: (1) the agreement of the parties with respect to the transaction involves repeated occasions for performance by a party; and (2) the other party, with knowledge of the nature of the performance and opportunity for objection to it, accepts the performance or acquiesces in it without objection. (b) A "course of dealing" is a sequence of conduct concerning previous transactions between the parties to a particular transaction that is fairly to be regarded as establishing a common basis of understanding for interpreting their expressions and other conduct. (c) A "usage of trade" is any practice or method of dealing having such regularity of observance in a place, vocation, or trade as to justify an expectation that it will be observed with respect to the transaction in question. The existence and scope of such a usage must be proved as facts. If it is established that such a usage is embodied in a trade code or similar record, the interpretation of the record is a question of law. (d) A course of performance or course of dealing between the parties or usage of trade in the vocation or trade in which they are engaged or of which they are or should be aware is relevant in ascertaining the meaning of the parties' agreement, may give particular meaning to specific terms of the agreement, and may supplement or qualify the terms of the agreement. A usage of trade applicable in the place in which part of the performance under the agreement is to occur may be so utilized as to that part of the performance. (e) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the express terms of an agreement and any applicable course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade must be construed whenever reasonable as consistent with each other. If such a construction is unreasonable: (1) express terms prevail over course of performance, course of dealing, and usage of trade; (2) course of performance prevails over course of dealing and usage of trade; and (3) course of dealing prevails over usage of trade. (f) Subject to section 336.2-209, a course of performance is relevant to show a waiver or modification of any term inconsistent with the course of performance. (g) Evidence of a relevant usage of trade offered by one party is not admissible unless that party has given the other party notice that the court finds sufficient to prevent unfair surprise to the other party. History:   2004 c 162 art 1 s 18