reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 8.01-241 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-241. Limitation of enforcement of deeds of trust, mortgages and liens for unpaid purchase money

A. No deed of trust or mortgage heretofore or hereafter given to secure the payment of money, and no lien heretofore or hereafter reserved to secure the payment of unpaid purchase money, shall be enforced after 10 years from the time when the original obligation last maturing thereby secured shall have become due and payable according to its terms and without regard to any provision for the acceleration of such date; provided that the period of one year from the death of any party in interest shall be excluded from the computation of time.B. Notwithstanding the limitations prescribed by subsection A, a deed of trust or mortgage given, and a lien reserved to secure the payment of money, for which the original obligation last maturing thereby secured became due and payable according to its terms between July 1, 1988, and July 1, 2000, without regard to any provision for the acceleration of the date such obligation became due and payable, shall not be enforced after July 1, 2010. However, the provisions of this subsection shall have no effect on the rights of a person who (i) acquired an interest in the real property securing such deed of trust or mortgage between July 1, 2008, and the date of enactment of this subsection and (ii) would otherwise have priority over or take free of such deed of trust or mortgage under the laws of the Commonwealth at that time.C. The limitations prescribed by this section may be extended by the recordation of a certificate in the form provided in § 8.01-241.1 prior to the expiration of the limitation period prescribed herein in the clerk's office in which such lien is recorded and executed either by the party in whom the beneficial title to the property so encumbered is vested at the time of such recordation or by his duly authorized attorney-in-fact, or agent. Recordation of the certificate shall extend the limitations of the right to enforce the lien for 10 years from the date of the recordation of the certificate. The clerk of the court shall index the certificate in both names in the index of the deed book and give reference to the book and page in which the original writing is recorded. Unless the deed or deeds executed pursuant to the foreclosure of any mortgage or to the execution of or sale under any deed of trust is recorded in the county or city where the land is situated within one year after the time the right to enforce the mortgage or deed of trust shall have expired as hereinabove provided, such deed or deeds shall be void as to all purchasers for valuable consideration without notice and lien creditors who make any purchase of or acquire any lien on the land conveyed by any such deed prior to the time such deed is so recorded.Code 1950, § 8-11; 1950, p. 19; 1977, c. 617; 1980, c. 499; 1994, c. 547; 1999, c. 788; 2008, c. 226; 2009, c. 163.
VA Code § 8.01-241.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-241.1. Permissible form for certificate

Any extension of the limitations of the right to enforce the lien of a deed of trust or mortgage shall conform substantially with the following form:CERTIFICATE OF EXTENSION OF LIMITATION OF  RIGHT TO ENFORCE DEED OF TRUST OR MORTGAGEPlace of Record...........................................................…Date of Deed of Trust/Mortgage...........................................…Deed Book..............… Book Page....................................…Name of Guarantor(s)......................................................…Name of Trustee(s)........................................................…Maker(s) of Note..........................................................…Date of Note(s)...........................................................…I/we, the beneficial title holder(s) of the property encumbered by the above mentioned deed of trust/mortgage, do hereby certify that the lien of the same is hereby extended 10 years from the date of my/our endorsement upon this certificate............................................................…Beneficial Titleholder/Attorney-in-Fact/AgentCommonwealth of VirginiaCounty/City of................…:Subscribed, sworn to and acknowledged before me by...........…, this … day of........, 20 …My Commission expires:................…Notary Public1994, c. 547; 2008, c. 226.
VA Code § 8.01-242 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-242. Same; when no maturity date is given; credit line deeds of trust

No deed of trust or mortgage given to secure the payment of money, other than credit line deeds of trust described in § 55.1-318, and no lien reserved to secure the payment of unpaid purchase money, in which no date is fixed for the maturity of the debt secured by such deed of trust, mortgage, or lien, shall be enforced after twenty years from the date of the deed of trust, mortgage, or other lien; provided that the period of one year from the death of any party in interest shall be excluded from the computation of time, and provided further that the limitation may be extended by recordation of a certificate within the twenty-year period in the manner set forth in § 8.01-241. No credit line deed of trust described in § 55.1-318 in which no date is fixed for the maturity of the debt secured thereby shall be enforced after forty years from the date of the credit line deed of trust; provided that the period of one year from the death of any party in interest shall be excluded from the computation of time.Code 1950, § 8-12; 1977, c. 617; 1994, c. 547; 1999, c. 788.
VA Code § 8.01-243.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-243.1. Actions for medical malpractice; minors

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 8.01-229 A and except as provided in subsection C of § 8.01-243, any cause of action accruing on or after July 1, 1987, on behalf of a person who was a minor at the time the cause of action accrued for personal injury or death against a health care provider pursuant to Chapter 21.1 (§ 8.01-581.1 et seq.) shall be commenced within two years of the date of the last act or omission giving rise to the cause of action except that if the minor was less than eight years of age at the time of the occurrence of the malpractice, he shall have until his tenth birthday to commence an action. Any minor who is ten years of age or older on or before July 1, 1987, shall have no less than two years from that date within which to commence such an action.1987, cc. 294, 645.
VA Code § 8.01-243.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-243.2. Limitations of actions by confined persons; exhaustion

No person confined in a state or local correctional facility shall bring or have brought on his behalf any personal action relating to the conditions of his confinement until all available administrative remedies are exhausted. Such action shall be brought by or on behalf of such person within one year after cause of action accrues or within six months after all administrative remedies are exhausted, whichever occurs later.1998, c. 596; 1999, c. 47.
VA Code § 8.01-244 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-244. Actions for wrongful death; limitation

A. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 8.01-229 B, if a person entitled to bring an action for personal injury dies as a result of such injury with no such action pending before the expiration of the limitations period set forth in § 8.01-243, then an action under § 8.01-50 may be commenced within the time limits specified in subsection B of this section.B. Every action under § 8.01-50 shall be brought by the personal representative of the decedent within two years after the death of the injured person. If any such action is brought within such period of two years after such person's death and for any cause abates or is dismissed without determining the merits of such action, the time such action is pending shall not be counted as any part of such period of two years and another action may be brought within the remaining period of such two years as if such former action had not been instituted. However, if a plaintiff suffers a voluntary nonsuit pursuant to § 8.01-380, the nonsuit shall not be deemed an abatement nor a dismissal pursuant to this subsection, and the provisions of subdivision E 3 of § 8.01-229 shall apply to such a nonsuited action.Code 1950, §§ 8-633, 8-634; 1958, c. 470; 1977, c. 617; 1991, c. 722; 2008, c. 175.
VA Code § 8.01-245 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-245. Limitation on actions upon the bond of any fiduciaries or as to suits against fiduciaries themselves; accrual of cause of action where execution sustained

A. No action shall be brought upon the bond of any fiduciary except within ten years next after the right to bring such action shall have first accrued.B. When any fiduciary has settled an account under the provisions of Part A (§ 64.2-1200 et seq.) of Subtitle IV of Title 64.2, and whether or not he has given bond, a suit to surcharge or falsify such account, or to hold such fiduciary or his sureties liable for any balance stated in such account, to be in his hands, shall be brought within ten years after the account has been confirmed.C. In actions upon the bond of any personal representative of a decedent or fiduciary of a person under a disability against whom an execution has been obtained or where a court acting upon the account of such representative or committee shall order payment or delivery of estate in the hands of such committee and representative, the cause of action shall be deemed to accrue from the return day of such execution or from the time of the right to require payment or delivery upon such order, whichever shall happen first.Code 1950, §§ 8-13, 8-15, 8-16; 1964, c. 219; 1966, c. 118; 1972, c. 825; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-246 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-246. Personal actions based on contracts

Subject to the provisions of § 8.01-243 regarding injuries to person and property and of § 8.01-245 regarding the application of limitations to fiduciaries, and their bonds, actions founded upon a contract, other than actions on a judgment or decree, shall be brought within the following number of years next after the cause of action shall have accrued:1. In actions or upon a recognizance, except recognizance of bail in a civil suit, within 10 years; and in actions or motions upon a recognizance of bail in a civil suit, within three years, omitting from the computation of such three years such time as the right to sue out such execution shall have been suspended by injunction, supersedeas or other process;2. In actions on any contract that is not otherwise specified and that is in writing and signed by the party to be charged thereby, or by his agent, within five years whether such writing be under seal or not;3. In actions by a partner against another for settlement of the partnership account or in actions upon accounts concerning the trade of merchandise between merchant and merchant, their factors, or servants, within five years from the cessation of the dealings in which they are interested together;4. In actions upon (i) any contract that is not otherwise specified and that is in writing and not signed by the party to be charged, or by his agent, or (ii) any unwritten contract, express or implied, within three years.Provided that as to any action to which § 8.2-725 of the Uniform Commercial Code is applicable, that section shall be controlling except that in products liability actions for injury to person and for injury to property, other than the property subject to contract, the limitation prescribed in § 8.01-243 shall apply.Code 1950, §§ 8-13, 8-17, 8-23; 1964, c. 219; 1966, c. 118; 1977, c. 617; 2019, c. 241.
VA Code § 8.01-247 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-247. When action on contract governed by the law of another state or country barred in Virginia

No action shall be maintained on any contract which is governed by the law of another state or country if the right of action thereon is barred either by the laws of such state or country or of this Commonwealth.Code 1950, § 8-23; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-247.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-247.1. Limitation on action for defamation, etc.

Every action for injury resulting from libel, slander, insulting words, or defamation shall be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues.If a publisher of statements actionable under this section publishes anonymously or under a false identity on the Internet, an action may be filed under this section and the statute of limitations shall be tolled until the identity of the publisher is discovered or, by the exercise of due diligence, reasonably should have been discovered.1995, c. 9; 2015, c. 128.
VA Code § 8.01-248 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-248. Personal actions for which no other limitation is specified

Every personal action accruing on or after July 1, 1995, for which no limitation is otherwise prescribed, shall be brought within two years after the right to bring such action has accrued.Code 1950, § 8-24; 1954, c. 589; 1973, c. 385; 1977, c. 617; 1995, c. 9.
VA Code § 8.01-250 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-250. Limitation on certain actions for damages arising out of defective or unsafe condition of improvements to real property

No action to recover for any injury to property, real or personal, or for bodily injury or wrongful death, arising out of the defective and unsafe condition of an improvement to real property, nor any action for contribution or indemnity for damages sustained as a result of such injury, shall be brought against any person performing or furnishing the design, planning, surveying, supervision of construction, or construction of such improvement to real property more than five years after the performance or furnishing of such services and construction.The limitation prescribed in this section shall not apply to the manufacturer or supplier of any equipment or machinery or other articles installed in a structure upon real property, nor to any person in actual possession and in control of the improvement as owner, tenant or otherwise at the time the defective or unsafe condition of such improvement constitutes the proximate cause of the injury or damage for which the action is brought; rather each such action shall be brought within the time next after such injury occurs as provided in §§ 8.01-243 and 8.01-246.Code 1950, § 8-24.2; 1964, c. 333; 1968, c. 103; 1973, c. 247; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-250.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-250.1. Limitation on actions involving removal of asbestos

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 8.01-234 or any other section in this chapter, every action against a manufacturer or supplier of asbestos or material containing asbestos brought by or on behalf of any agency of the Commonwealth incorporated for charitable or educational purposes; counties, cities or towns; or school boards, to recover for (i) removal of asbestos or materials containing asbestos from any building owned or used by such entity, (ii) other measures taken to correct or ameliorate any problem related to asbestos in such building or (iii) reimbursement for such removal, correction or amelioration which would otherwise be barred prior to July 1, 1990, as a result of expiration of the applicable period of limitation, is hereby revived or extended. Any action thereon may be commenced prior to July 1, 1990.1985, c. 262; 1986, c. 458.
VA Code § 8.01-253 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-253. Limitation of suits to avoid voluntary conveyances, etc.

No gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge, which is not on consideration deemed valuable in law, or which is upon consideration of marriage, shall be avoided in whole or in part for that cause only, unless within five years from its recordation, and if not so recorded within five years from the time the same was or should have been discovered, suit be brought for that purpose, or the subject thereof, or some part of it, be distrained or levied on by or at the suit of a creditor, as to whom such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge, is declared to be void by § 55.1-401.Code 1950, § 8-19; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-254 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-254. Limitation on enforcement of bequests and legacies

Wherever by any will, the testator devises any real estate to some person and requires such person to pay some other person a specified sum of money, or provides a legacy for some person which constitutes a charge against the real estate of the testator, or any part thereof, no suit or action shall be brought to subject such real estate to the payment of such specified sum of money or such legacy, as the case may be, after twenty years from the time when the same shall have been payable, and if the will specifies no time for the payment thereof, it shall be deemed to have been payable immediately upon death of the testator.Code 1950, § 8-21; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-255 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-255. Time for presenting claim against Commonwealth

Any pecuniary claim authorized to be presented under §§ 2.2-814 and 2.2-815 shall be barred unless presented in writing to the comptroller or other authorized person no later than five years after the right to such claim shall arise. If such claim be not thus barred, any action thereon against the Commonwealth must be brought no later than three years after disallowance of such claim in whole or in part.Code 1950, § 8-752; 1966, c. 452; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-255.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-255.1. Limitation of action for breach of condition subsequent or termination of determinable fee simple estate

No person shall commence an action for the recovery of lands, nor make an entry thereon, by reason of a breach of a condition subsequent, or by reason of the termination of an estate of fee simple determinable, unless the action is commenced or entry is made within ten years after breach of the condition or within ten years from the time when the estate of fee simple determinable has been terminated. Where there has been a breach of a condition subsequent or termination of an estate fee simple determinable which occurred prior to July 1, 1965, recovery of the lands, or an entry may be made thereon by the owner of a right of entry or possibility of reverter, by July 1, 1977. Possession of land after breach of a condition subsequent or after termination of an estate of fee simple determinable shall be deemed adverse and hostile from the first breach of a condition subsequent or from the occurrence of the event terminating an estate of fee simple determinable.Code 1950, § 8-5.1; 1975, c. 136; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-255.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-255.2. Limitation on motion for new execution after loss of property sold under indemnity bond

A motion made pursuant to § 8.01-476 shall be made within five years after the right to make the same shall have accrued.Code 1950, § 8-408; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-256 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 4 - Limitations of Actions|§ 8.01-256. As to rights and remedies existing when this chapter takes effect

No action, suit, scire facias, or other proceeding which is pending before October 1, 1977, shall be barred by this chapter, and any action, suit, scire facias or other proceeding so pending shall be subject to the same limitation, if any, which would have been applied if this chapter had not been enacted. If a cause of action, as to which no action, suit, scire facias, or other proceeding is pending, exists before October 1, 1977, then this chapter shall not apply and the limitation as to such cause of action shall be the same, if any, as would apply had this chapter not been enacted. Any new limitation period imposed by this chapter, where no limitation previously existed or which is different from the limitation existing before this chapter was enacted, shall apply only to causes or rights of action accruing on or after October 1, 1977.Code 1950, § 8-37; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-257 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 5 - Venue|§ 8.01-257. Venue generally

It is the intent of this chapter that every action shall be commenced and tried in a forum convenient to the parties and witnesses, where justice can be administered without prejudice or delay. Except where specifically provided otherwise, whenever the word "action(s)" is used in this chapter, it shall mean all actions at law, suits in equity, and statutory proceedings, whether in circuit courts or district courts.1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-258 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 5 - Venue|§ 8.01-258. Venue not jurisdictional

The provisions of this chapter relate to venue -- the place of trial -- and are not jurisdictional. No order, judgment, or decree shall be voidable, avoided, or subject to collateral attack solely on the ground that there was improper venue; however, nothing herein shall affect the right to appeal an error of court concerning venue.1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-259 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 5 - Venue|§ 8.01-259. Application

Nothing in this chapter shall apply to venue in the following proceedings:(1), (2) [Repealed.](3) Habeas corpus;(4) Tax proceedings, other than those in Title 58.1;(5) Juvenile and domestic relations district courts proceedings concerning children; or(6) [Repealed.](7) Adoptions.(8) [Repealed.]In all other actions, venue shall be in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, and, with respect to such actions, in case of conflict between the provisions of this chapter and other provisions outside this chapter relating to venue, all such other provisions are hereby superseded.1977, c. 617; 1987, c. 567; 1989, c. 556.
VA Code § 8.01-260 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 5 - Venue|§ 8.01-260. Proper venue; preferred forum in certain actions; permissible forums for other actions

Except for those actions expressly excluded from the operation of this chapter, and subject to the provisions of §§ 8.01-264 and 8.01-265, the venue for any action shall be deemed proper only if laid in accordance with the provisions of §§ 8.01-261 and 8.01-262.1977, c. 617.