reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 17.1-238 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-238. State highway plat book

The state highway plat book, which shall be provided by the Department of Transportation, shall be installed in the circuit court clerk's office of each county of the Commonwealth and in the clerk's office of the circuit court of any city wherein the Department of Transportation has acquired any interest in land, and all highway plats pertaining to the primary and secondary highway systems, and all plats in connection therewith, shall be filed therein by the clerk. The state highway plat book may be produced in one of the following forms: (i) paper; (ii) microfilm, microfiche, or any other microphotographic process, that meets state archival microfilm standards and state electronic records guidelines pursuant to § 42.1-82; or (iii) electronic process. The clerk shall note on each recorded deed relating to such plats and in the deed book, wherein such deed is recorded, or through recordation of a separate instrument referencing the page where such deed is recorded, the numbers of the state highway plat book and page wherein such plats are filed. The clerk so filing the plats and so noting the same shall receive a fee of $5. All plats filed prior to July 1, 1950, in such state highway plat book are hereby validated.1950, p. 477, § 17-69.1; 1956, c. 19; 1994, c. 432; 1998, c. 872; 2014, c. 330; 2015, c. 641.
VA Code § 17.1-239 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-239. Character of books used for recording; standards for microfilm, etc.

All books used in the clerk's office for the permanent recordation of deeds, wills and other instruments shall either be made of high quality record paper, strictly number one rag stock, or permanent-durable, acid-free paper composed of strong, well-purified chemical wood fibers as prescribed by regulations pursuant to subdivision A 2 of § 42.1-82, or, if microfilm, microfiche, or microphotographic process is used in the clerk's office, the deeds, wills or other instruments shall be processed in accordance with standards established pursuant to § 42.1-82. All books are to be substantially bound, with a durable cloth or plastic cover over all.Code 1919, § 3399, § 17-70; 1934, p. 174; 1972, c. 501; 1975, c. 58; 1983, c. 293; 1988, c. 35; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-240 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-240. Recording by microphotographic or electronic process

A procedural microphotographic process, digital reproduction, or any other micrographic process that stores images of documents in reduced size or in electronic format may be used to accomplish the recording of writings otherwise required by any provision of law to be spread in a book or retained in the circuit court clerk's office, including the civil and criminal order books, the Will Book or Fiduciary Account Book, the Juvenile Order Book, the Adoption Order Book, the Trust Fund Order Book, the Deed Book, the Plat Book, the Land Book, the Bond Book, the Judgment Docket Book, the Partnership or Assumed Name Certificate Book, marriage records, and financing statements. Any such micrographic, microphotographic, or electronic recording process shall meet archival standards as recommended by The Library of Virginia.1977, c. 142, § 17-70.1; 1983, c. 293; 1997, c. 579; 1998, c. 872; 2005, c. 681; 2018, c. 523.
VA Code § 17.1-241 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-241. Clerks to procure books for record

Every circuit court clerk shall procure appropriate books for records as the business of his office requires. But orders for the same shall first be obtained by the clerks from the governing bodies of their respective counties or cities.Code 1919, § 3400, § 17-71; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-242 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-242. Custody of books, records, etc.

The circuit court clerks shall have custody of and shall keep all court records, including books, evidence, records, maps, and papers, deposited in their offices or at such location otherwise designated by the clerk, as well as records stored in electronic format whether the storage media for such electronic records are on premises or elsewhere.Code 1919, § 3400, § 17-72; 1998, c. 872; 2001, c. 497; 2014, c. 460.
VA Code § 17.1-243 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-243. Clerks to have land books bound

Except those clerks using an automated system, clerks shall bind, in volumes of convenient size, all books in their respective clerks' offices not currently bound showing the assessments of lands since the year 1850, and shall bind in like volumes such books hereafter filed in their clerks' offices at intervals of not more than five years.Code 1919, § 5979, § 17-73; 1998, c. 872; 2014, c. 460.
VA Code § 17.1-244 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-244. Books, etc., in clerks' offices rebound, transcribed, microfilmed or digitally reproduced; credit given to transcripts, etc.

Any court of record or, if so designated by the judge, the clerk thereof may cause any of the books or records in the clerk's office which may be in need thereof to be rebound, transcribed, microfilmed or digitally reproduced. The same faith and credit shall be given to such transcript or reproductions from the microfilm or digitally reproduced record as the book or record transcribed would have been entitled to.Code 1919, § 5980, § 17-74; 1972, c. 549; 1976, c. 630; 1997, c. 836; 1998, c. 872; 2008, cc. 823, 833.
VA Code § 17.1-245 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-245. Books may be taken from clerk's office to be rebound, etc.

The court or, if so designated by the judge, the clerk directing any book or books to be bound, rebound, microfilmed or digitally reproduced may allow the same to be taken from the clerk's office in which such book or books may be on file, but shall take all necessary and proper precautions, by requiring bonds or otherwise, to insure the preservation and return and to prevent the mutilation thereof.Code 1919, § 5981, § 17-75; 1976, c. 630; 1997, c. 836; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-246 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-246. How costs thereof certified and paid

The cost incurred shall be certified by the court or, if so designated by the judge, the clerk, to the governing body of the county or city in whose clerk's office the books or records so bound, rebound, microfilmed, transcribed or digitally reproduced are on file, to be paid by such county or city.Code 1919, § 5982, § 17-76; 1976, c. 630; 1997, c. 836; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-248 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-248. Clerk to make index to each of his books

The clerk of every circuit court shall have an index to each book he is required to keep, except those for which general indexes are required or permitted, and kept, making convenient reference to every order, record or entry therein. Every execution and every judgment or decree for money shall be indexed, in the name of the person against whom and in the name of the person in whose favor the judgment or decree was rendered.Code 1919, § 3391, § 17-78; 1942, p. 179; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-250 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-250. Correction of indexes

No clerk or deputy clerk of any court in which deeds are recorded shall correct any indexing mistake by insertion, or alter or reprint the page, unless, at the time of such insertion, alteration or reprinting, he (i) notes the date and nature of the change in the index or (ii) by any other means capable of maintaining a permanent record of the change together with the original recording, indicates the date and nature of the change and the name of the person who made it.1966, c. 403, § 17-79.1; 1991, c. 652; 1998, c. 872; 2014, c. 330.
VA Code § 17.1-251 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-251. Indexing of certain subdivision plats or maps

When any plat or map of a subdivision which contains fifteen lots or more is recorded in the general index, the clerk shall, in addition to complying with the requirements set forth in § 17.1-249, add the magisterial district wherein the subdivision is located. Such plat or map shall also show the source of title of the immediate grantor.1974, c. 349, § 17-79.2; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-252 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-252. Indexing by tax map reference number

Circuit court clerks in those localities with a unique parcel identification system shall require that any deed or other instrument conveying or relating to an interest in real property bear, on the first page of the deed or other instrument, or state in the cover sheet submitted with the deed or other instrument, the tax map reference number or numbers, or the parcel identification number (PIN) or numbers, of the affected parcel or parcels. Upon admitting the deed or other instrument to record, the clerk may, in addition to any other indexing required by law, index the deed or other instrument by the tax map reference number or numbers or by the parcel identification number or numbers.1982, c. 597, § 17-79.3; 1986, c. 21; 1988, c. 116; 1992, c. 478; 1996, c. 231; 1997, cc. 224, 902; 1998, cc. 75, 872; 1999, cc. 133, 163; 2000, cc. 440, 446; 2014, c. 338.
VA Code § 17.1-253 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-253. Committee to inquire into necessity of general index; report; plan adopted; locality to cover cost

A. Whenever the circuit court, or the judge thereof, finds that there is need of an improved system of general indexing to any of the records kept by the clerk of court, it shall be the duty of the court or judge, in its or his discretion, to appoint a committee to inquire into the necessity for such indexing, and make a report to the court, or the judge thereof.B. If the committee reports that the work is needed, the court or judge shall authorize and direct the committee to make a written contract with some responsible and experienced person or persons, but such contract shall be approved by the court or judge before it becomes effective.C. When such index is installed in any clerk's office the same plan of index to current records shall be adopted and used by the clerk of such court.D. The governing body of the county or city wherein such indexing shall be directed by the court or judge to be done shall, if necessary, provide a sufficient sum to pay for such indexing and materials.Code 1919, §§ 3395, 3396, 3397, 3398, §§ 17-80, 17-81, 17-82, 17-83; 1948, p. 62; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-254 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-254. Validation of judgment records in office of clerk of Circuit Court of Norfolk

The "General Index to Judgment Lien Docket and Execution Books" designated "A-D," "E-K," "L-R" and "S-Z," respectively, in the office of the clerk of the Circuit Court of the City of Norfolk is hereby validated, and is and shall be for all purposes whatever the legal record of judgments docketed as provided by law in the office of such clerk for the period beginning January 2, 1917.1948, p. 59, § 17-83.1; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-255 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-255. Expired

Expired.
VA Code § 17.1-258 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258. Expired

Expired.
VA Code § 17.1-258.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.2. Definition

As used in this article, "electronic filing of documents" means the filing or recordation with a circuit court clerk of written information as defined in § 1-257, for the purpose of creating an electronic record as defined in subdivision 7 of § 59.1-480.2005, c. 744.
VA Code § 17.1-258.3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.3. Electronic filing in civil or criminal proceedings

Any clerk of circuit court may establish and operate a system for electronic filing in civil or criminal proceedings that shall be governed by the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia. The circuit court clerk may require each person whom the clerk authorizes to file documents electronically to provide proof of identity to the clerk and to enter into an agreement specifying the electronic filing procedures to be followed, including, but not limited to, security procedures, as defined in the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (§ 59.1-479 et seq.), for transmitting signed or notarized documents. The clerk may charge copy fees per page, as provided in subdivision A 8 of § 17.1-275, and obtain reimbursement for fees paid by subscribers to its designated application service providers for the technology systems used to operate electronic filing in civil and criminal cases in the clerk's office. The fees and reimbursements collected shall be deposited by the clerk into the clerk's nonreverting local fund to be used to cover operational expenses as defined in § 17.1-295. Nothing herein shall be construed to prevent the clerk from entering into agreements with designated application service providers to provide all or part of the network or system for electronic filing of civil or criminal records as provided herein. Further, nothing herein shall be construed to require the electronic filing of any civil or criminal record, and such records may continue to be filed in paper form.Any clerk of circuit court with an electronic filing system established in accordance with the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia may charge an additional $5 fee for every civil case initially filed by paper, except that a person who is determined to be indigent pursuant to § 19.2-159 shall be exempt from the payment of such fee. The fee shall be paid to the clerk's office and deposited by the clerk into the clerk's nonreverting local fund to be exclusively used to cover the operational expenses as defined in § 17.1-295.2005, c. 744; 2008, cc. 823, 833; 2010, cc. 430, 717, 760; 2013, cc. 74, 77; 2014, c. 460; 2015, c. 317.
VA Code § 17.1-258.3:1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.3:1. Electronic filing of land records; paper form

A. A clerk of a circuit court may provide a network or system for electronic filing of land records in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 (§ 55.1-346 et seq.) of Chapter 3 of Title 55.1 regarding the satisfaction of mortgages and the Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act (§ 55.1-661 et seq.). The clerk may require each filer to provide proof of identity to the clerk. The clerk shall enter into an electronic filing agreement with each filer in accordance with Virginia Real Property Electronic Recording Standards established by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency. Nothing herein shall be construed to prevent the clerk from entering into agreements with designated application service providers to provide all or part of the network or system for electronic filing of land records as provided herein. Further, nothing herein shall be construed to require the electronic filing of any land record, and such records may continue to be filed in paper form.B. Any clerk of a circuit court with an electronic filing system established in accordance with this section may charge a fee not to exceed $5 per instrument for every land record filed by paper. The fee shall be paid to the clerk's office and deposited by the clerk into the clerk's nonreverting local fund to be used exclusively to cover the operational expenses as defined in § 17.1-295.C. The clerk shall maintain a disaster plan, as defined in § 42.1-77, for recovery of any land record in possession of the clerk that is maintained as an electronic record.2008, cc. 823, 833; 2010, c. 430; 2012, c. 234; 2013, c. 77; 2016, c. 264; 2017, cc. 90, 289.
VA Code § 17.1-258.3:2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.3:2. Official certificates and certified records in digital form

A clerk of circuit court may establish a system for providing official certificates and certified records in digital form of any document maintained by the clerk. The clerk may require any person to provide proof of identity to the clerk in order to obtain access to such records. The clerk or his designated application service provider may assess an additional fee not to exceed $5 per official certificate accompanying or attesting the certified records, subject to subdivision A 8 of § 17.1-275 and to the exemptions provided in § 17.1-267. The clerk may perform such other notarial acts as allowed under § 47.1-12. The fee shall be paid to the clerk's office and deposited by the clerk into the clerk's nonreverting local fund to be used to cover operational expenses as defined in § 17.1-295. Nothing herein shall be construed to require any person to obtain an electronic certificate of any record maintained by the clerk, and such record may continue to be obtained in paper form. The clerk of the circuit court of any jurisdiction shall be immune from suit arising from any acts or omissions relating to providing official certificates and certified records in digital form of any document maintained by the clerk pursuant to this section unless the clerk was grossly negligent or engaged in willful misconduct.2010, c. 430; 2011, c. 715; 2013, c. 77.
VA Code § 17.1-258.3:3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.3:3. Submission of records as electronic documents

Upon written agreement with the clerk, any agency or instrumentality of the Commonwealth may submit any record to the clerk as an electronic document. The form of electronic submission shall comply with the security and data standards established by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency for any such electronic submission. Any record so submitted shall satisfy any law requiring that a document be an original, be on paper or another tangible medium, or be in writing.2015, c. 641.
VA Code § 17.1-258.4 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.4. Signature; when effective as original; notarization; seal

A. If the electronically filed document contains an electronic signature pursuant to the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (§ 59.1-479 et seq.) that is capable of independent verification and renders any subsequent changes or modifications to the electronic document evident, any statutory requirement for original signature shall be deemed to be satisfied.B. Any statutory requirement for a document to be notarized shall be deemed satisfied by the appropriately executed electronic signature of such notary pursuant to the Virginia Notary Act (§ 47.1-1 et seq.).C. When a seal or stamp is required to be affixed by any court or clerk on a document, the attachment of an official electronic seal or official electronic stamp to the electronic document is sufficient. "Official electronic seal" and "official electronic stamp" mean an electronic image of a seal or stamp, respectively, of the court or clerk, that is produced by software applications authorized by the clerk that are protected by system credentials to which only the clerk or persons authorized by the clerk have access.2005, c. 744; 2008, cc. 823, 833; 2010, cc. 717, 760; 2013, c. 77.
VA Code § 17.1-258.5 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.5. Application

All documents recorded on or after July 1, 2004 that comply with the provisions of this article shall be conclusively presumed to be in proper form for recording, except in cases of fraud.2005, c. 744.
VA Code § 17.1-258.6 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-258.6. Acceptability of electronic medium; submission of trial court record to appellate court

A. In connection with civil or criminal proceedings in circuit court, any statutory requirement for an original, original paper, paper, record, document, facsimile, memorandum, exhibit, certification, or transcript shall be satisfied if such is in an electronic form approved for filing under the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia. However, this section shall not apply to documents the form of which is specified in any statute governing the creation and execution of wills, codicils, testamentary trusts, premarital agreements, and negotiable instruments.B. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any statutory authorization for the use of copies or reproductions in civil or criminal proceedings in circuit court shall be satisfied by use of such copies or reproductions in hard copy or electronic form approved for filing under the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia.C. Any clerk of a circuit court with an electronic filing system that complies with the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia may provide the trial court record in electronic form to the appropriate clerk of any appellate court. The clerk of the Supreme Court and the clerk of the Court of Appeals shall accept the official civil or criminal record in electronic form as otherwise required by law. The clerk in the appellate court may also request that any paper trial court records be forwarded to such clerk.D. The Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia shall not prohibit the use of a private vendor electronic filing system if such system is in compliance with the filing standards established by the Court.2010, cc. 717, 760; 2015, c. 71; 2018, cc. 125, 129, 523.
VA Code § 17.1-259 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-259. Recordation of master deed of trust; form and requisites

A. Any person may record in any clerk's office in the Commonwealth where deeds are recorded a form of a deed of trust, hereinafter referred to as a "master deed."B. The master deed shall bear the caption "Master Deed of Trust," and may contain any provisions not in conflict with law. The provisions shall be numbered or lettered, clearly distinguishable one from the other, and susceptible of exact reference.1954, c. 8, §§ 17-83.2, 17-83.3; 1998, c. 872.
VA Code § 17.1-260 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 17.1 - Courts of Record|Chapter 2 - Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records|§ 17.1-260. Recordation, effect and requisites of incorporating deed

Any person may record a deed of trust hereinafter referred to as an "incorporating deed," which incorporates by reference any one or more of the provisions of a master deed recorded in the same clerk's office. The provisions incorporated by reference shall be of the same force and effect and shall be as binding upon the parties to the incorporating deed and their successors in title as if fully set forth in the incorporating deed. No incorporating deed shall refer to more than one master deed.1954, c. 8, § 17-83.4; 1998, c. 872.