reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 8.01-516.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-516.1. Garnishment dispositions

A. If the amount of liability is not disputed and the garnishee admits liability to the court either by (i) examination on the return date of the summons, or (ii) written statement as provided by § 8.01-515 on or before the return date of the summons, the court shall order the delivery of such estate or payment of the value of such estate into court without entering judgment against the garnishee. Should a garnishee fail to comply with the order within thirty days after service of such order on the garnishee, then judgment may be entered against the garnishee.B. Upon certification by the judgment creditor, its bona fide employee, or its attorney that its claim has been satisfied or that it desires its action against the garnishee to be dismissed for any other reason, the court, or clerk thereof, where the action has been filed, shall, by written order, which may be served by the sheriff, notify the garnishee to cease withholding assets of the judgment debtor, and to treat any funds previously withheld as if the original garnishment action had not been filed. The court in which the garnishment action was filed shall then dismiss the action on or before the return date.1983, c. 399; 1993, c. 385.
VA Code § 8.01-517 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-517. Exemption of portion of wages; payment of excess into court

Notwithstanding the provisions of §§ 8.01-515 and 8.01-516.1, any employer against whom any garnishment is served in connection with an action or judgment against an employee may pay to such employee when due wages or salary not exceeding the amount exempted by § 34-29 unless such exemptions shall have been specifically disallowed by the court and shall answer such garnishment summons by a written statement verified by affidavit, showing the amount of wages or salary due on the return date of the garnishment summons and the amount of wages or salary so exempted, and if there shall be an excess of wages or salary so due over the amount of the exemptions, the employer may pay the amount of such excess into the court where the garnishment summons is returnable, which payment when determined by the court to be correct will constitute a discharge of any liability of the employer to the employee for the wages or salary so withheld.Code 1950, § 8-445; 1952, c. 377; 1954, c. 379; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-518 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-518. When garnishee is personal representative of decedent

If the person so summoned be the personal representative of a decedent, he shall answer in writing whether or not there is in his hands in his fiduciary capacity, any sum of money owing to the judgment debtor, and if so, the amount thereof, if the same has been definitely determined, and when it will be payable by him; and if such amount has not been definitely ascertained, the court shall continue the case, with direction to him to thereafter, and as soon as such amount has been definitely determined, report the same to the court, and say when it will be payable by him. In either event, and when the amount so owing to the judgment debtor has been definitely fixed and determined, the court shall direct the disposition of such fund to the creditor of such other person or persons according as their rights may be determined.Code 1950, § 8-446; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-519 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-519. Proceedings where garnishee fails to appear or answer, or to disclose his liability

If the garnishee, after being served with the summons, fail to appear or answer personally, or if it be suggested that he has not fully disclosed his liability, the proceedings shall be according to §§ 8.01-564 and 8.01-565, mutatis mutandis, except that when the summons is before a general district court, the court shall proceed without a jury.Code 1950, § 8-447; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-520 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-520. Payment, etc., by garnishee before return of summons

Any person, summoned under § 8.01-511, before the return day of the summons, may pay what he is liable for to the clerk of the court issuing the summons and such clerk shall give a receipt, upon request, for what is so paid.Code 1950, § 8-448; 1977, c. 617; 1983, c. 399.
VA Code § 8.01-521 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-521. Judgments as to costs

Unless the garnishee appear to be liable for more than is so delivered and paid, there shall be no judgment against him for costs. In other cases, judgment under §§ 8.01-516.1 and 8.01-519 may be for such costs, and against such party, as the court may deem just.Code 1950, § 8-449; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-522 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-522. Wages and salaries of State employees

Unless otherwise exempted, the wages and salaries of all employees of this Commonwealth, other than State officers, shall be subject to garnishment or execution upon any judgment rendered against them. Whenever the salary or wages of such employees as above mentioned shall be garnished under this section, the process shall be such as is usual in other cases of garnishment and shall be served on the judgment debtor and on the officer or supervisor who is head of the department, agency, or institution where the employee is employed, or other officer through whom the judgment debtor's salary or wages is paid, provided that process shall not be served upon the State Treasurer or the State Comptroller except as to employees of their respective departments, and upon such service the officer or supervisor shall, on or before the return day of process, transmit to the clerk of the court issuing the process a certificate showing the amount due from the Commonwealth to such judgment debtor, up to the return day of the process, which amount the officer or supervisor shall hold subject to order of the court issuing the process. Such certificate shall be evidence of all facts therein stated, unless the court direct that the deposition of the officer or supervisor, or such other officer through whom the judgment debtor's salary or wages be paid, be taken, in which event the deposition of the officer or supervisor shall be taken in his office and returned to the clerk of the court in which the garnishment is, just as other depositions are returned, and in no such case shall the officer or supervisor be required to leave his office to testify. In all proceedings under this section, if the judgment be for the plaintiff, the amount found to be due the judgment debtor by the Commonwealth shall be paid as directed by the court.Code 1950, § 8-449.1; 1958, c. 430; 1973, c. 236; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-523 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-523. Service upon federal government

A. If the suggestion of liability as provided in § 8.01-511 is against the United States of America, the summons shall be served upon the managing employee of the agency of the federal government which is alleged to be liable, or, if the judgment debtor is a member of the armed forces of the United States, upon the chief fiscal officer of the military post to which the judgment debtor was last assigned.B. If service on the agents identified in subsection A for service of process on the United States cannot be made, then service may be made on a United States attorney or other agent in the manner set forth in Rule 4 (d) (4) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, as from time to time amended.Code 1950, § 8-441.3; 1976, c. 659; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-524 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-524. Wages and salaries of city, town and county officials, clerks and employees

Unless otherwise exempt, the wages and salaries of all officials, clerks and employees of any city, town or county shall be subject to garnishment or execution upon any judgment rendered against them.Code 1950, § 8-449.2; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-525 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18 - Executions and Other Means of Recovery|§ 8.01-525. Who are officers and employees of cities, towns and counties

All officers, clerks and employees who hold their office by virtue of authority from the General Assembly or by virtue of city, town or county authority whether by election or appointment and who receive compensation for their services from the moneys of such city, town or county shall, for the purposes of garnishment, be deemed to be, and are, officers, clerks or employees of such city, town or county.Code 1950, § 8-449.3; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-525.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.1. Recordation; notice of sale; preferences prohibited

Whenever a deed of assignment for the benefit of creditors is executed, the deed shall be recorded. If no notice of the sale has previously been given, the trustee named in such deed, or the one substituted in the manner prescribed in this article, before selling under the deed of assignment, shall, at least 10 days before the sale, notify each of the creditors named in the deed by certified mail, return receipt requested, advising of (i) the execution of such sale; (ii) when, where, and how the sale will be held; (iii) the terms of such sale; and (iv) whether or not the deed provides that acceptance shall be in full satisfaction. No creditor shall be preferred in the deed except those given a lien or preference by law, or those having a valid lien upon the property conveyed, or some part of such lien, and those having a lien shall be preferred only to the extent of the value of the property upon which they have a lien.1924, p. 657; Michie Code 1942, § 5278b; Code 1950, § 55-156; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.2. Substitution of another trustee by creditors

A majority of the unsecured creditors in number and amount of the assignor may agree in writing upon a trustee different from the one named in the deed of assignment, and upon petition to the court that would have jurisdiction if an action were brought against the assignor, such agreed trustee may be substituted in lieu of such named trustee with all of the rights, powers, and duties conferred upon such named trustee in the deed of assignment. The clerk of the court where the deed of assignment is recorded shall record such order presented by one of the parties and shall include a reference to the order book and page where such deed is recorded, together with the name of the substituted trustee, and shall make proper indexing. The substitute trustee shall reside in the county or city in which the property that is conveyed in the deed of assignment or the greater portion thereof in value is located.1924, p. 657; Michie Code 1942, § 5278c; Code 1950, § 55-157; 2014, c. 330; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.3. Procedure to question claim of creditor

Any creditor of the assignor who questions the validity of any other creditor's claim, or the trustee if he questions the validity of any claim, may file, within 30 days after the recordation of the deed, a petition against the creditor whose claim is questioned in the court that would have jurisdiction if the action was brought by the creditor whose claim is questioned against the assignor, and the burden of proof shall be upon the creditor whose claim is questioned. Upon the filing of such petition, the court may order the party whose claim is questioned to appear to defend such claim and the court shall determine the matter in a summary way.1924, p. 658; Michie Code 1942, § 5278c; Code 1950, § 55-158; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.4 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.4. Provision to bar further claim by creditors who accept deed

Any deed of assignment may contain a provision to the effect that those creditors who accept such assignment do so in full satisfaction of their respective claims and shall be forever barred from further recovery of any balance.1924, p. 658; Michie Code 1942, § 5278d; Code 1950, § 55-159; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.5 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.5. Compensation of trustee

Every trustee referred to in this article shall receive reasonable compensation for services.1924, p. 658; Michie Code 1942, § 5278d; Code 1950, § 55-160; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.6 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.6. Petition for assignment of salary, wages, or income for the benefit of creditors

Upon petition of a debtor for the assignment of his salary, wages, or income to a trustee for the benefit of his creditors, a judge may appoint a trustee, subject to the supervision and order of the court, to receive such salary, wages, or income of such debtor and pay off the obligations due by such debtor as provided in this article, provided that a majority of the creditors have provided written consent of such assignment to the court. If the debtor is employed on a salary or for wages, the written consent of his employer is required.1936, p. 523; Michie Code 1942, § 5278e; Code 1950, § 55-161; 2005, c. 839; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.7 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.7. Trustee; rights and duties; compensation

A trustee appointed pursuant to § 8.01-525.6 shall make written reports to the court as required by the court. The trustee may charge a fee of five percent of such salary, wages, or income received and disbursed by him; however, no public officer or employee who receives a full-time salary and who acts as trustee under this article shall retain such fee for his personal use.The trustee, upon being appointed, shall give written notice to any person, firm, or corporation who may owe the debtor any salary, wages, or income, and upon receiving such notice such person, firm, or corporation shall pay to the trustee any salary, wages, or income that are owed to such debtor, at the time it would otherwise be due to the debtor.The trustee may compromise and settle any claims against the debtor when he believes such compromise shall be for the benefit of all the creditors.1936, p. 523; Michie Code 1942, § 5278f; Code 1950, § 55-162; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.8 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.8. Resignation of trustee

The trustee may resign at any time after accounting for all funds in his possession, and the court may appoint another trustee.1936, p. 524; Michie Code 1942, § 5278i; Code 1950, § 55-163; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.9 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.9. Debts; order of payment

The trustee shall immediately upon receipt of such salary, wages, or income, or at such other time as the court may direct, disburse the funds as follows:1. The trustee shall first pay to the debtor directly, or for his benefit as the court may direct, any amount the debtor may be entitled to as exempt by law if he is a householder and head of a family or, if he is not a householder or head of a family, then such amount for the necessities of life as may be agreed upon by the creditors in the assignment. Nothing in this subdivision shall prevent the trustee from paying to the debtor a greater amount than is exempt by law if agreed to by the creditors and approved by the court.2. The trustee shall next pay, according to such funds as he has in his possession, a pro rata share of the balance to all the creditors on an equal basis or in such proportions as the creditors may agree.1936, p. 524; Michie Code 1942, § 5278g; Code 1950, § 55-164; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.10 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.10. Exemption from garnishment, levy, or distress

When the assignment is executed and approved by the court and the trustee has been appointed and notice given to the creditors listed in the assignment, such assignment shall be deemed legal and binding upon all creditors and such salary, wages, or income shall be exempt from garnishment, levy, or distress during such time as the assignment is in existence. Such assignment shall have priority over all liens subsequently obtained.1936, p. 524; Michie Code 1942, § 5278h; Code 1950, § 55-165; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.11 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.11. Termination of assignment by court

The court may, at any time, upon a motion stating that the terms of the assignment are not being complied with, order the debtor and trustee to appear before the court, and the court may, if the evidence justifies, or, in its discretion, declare the assignment null and void. When such action is taken by the court, a written notice shall be sent to all persons named in the assignment.The court may, on its own motion, revoke the assignment whenever it determines that the ends of justice are not being attained.When the assignment has been fully complied with, the court shall discharge the trustee and notify the employer of the debtor, if there is one, that the debtor is entitled to receive his entire salary, wages, or income directly.1936, p. 524; Michie Code 1942, § 5278i; Code 1950, § 55-166; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-525.12 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 18.1 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors|§ 8.01-525.12. Clerk to preserve assignment; fees

The clerk of the court wherein any assignment is filed, as otherwise provided by law, shall maintain the court records of such assignment, together with all reports of the trustee, and shall keep an index of all such assignments. For filing the assignment, the fee as prescribed in § 17.1-275 shall be charged.1936, p. 524; Michie Code 1942, § 5278j; Code 1950, § 55-167; 1994, c. 432; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 8.01-526 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-526. When forthcoming bond taken; property remains in debtor's possession

The sheriff or other officer levying a writ of fieri facias, or distress warrant, may take from the debtor a bond, with sufficient surety, payable to the creditor, reciting the service of such writ or warrant, and the amount due thereon, including the officer's fee for taking the bond, commissions, and other lawful charges, if any, with condition that the property shall be forthcoming at the day and place of sale; whereupon, such property may be permitted to remain in the possession and at the risk of the debtor.Code 1950, § 8-450; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-527 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-527. If bond forfeited, where returned; its effect; clerk to endorse time of return

If the condition of such forthcoming bond be not performed, the officer, unless payment be made of the amount due on the execution or warrant, including his fee, commission, and charges as aforesaid, shall, after the bond is forfeited, return it forthwith, with the execution or warrant, to such court, or the clerk's office of such court as is prescribed by § 15.1-80. The clerk shall endorse on the bond the date of its return; and against such of the obligors therein as may be alive when it is forfeited and so returned, it shall have the force of a judgment. But no execution shall issue thereon under this section.Code 1950, § 8-451; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-528 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-528. Liability of obligors; how recovery on bond is had

The obligors in such forfeited bond shall be liable for the money therein mentioned, with interest thereon from the date of the bond till paid, and the costs. The obligee or his personal representative shall be entitled to recover the same by action or motion.Code 1950, § 8-452; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-529 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-529. When bond returned, how endorsed and recorded by clerk; lien

Upon the return of a forthcoming bond to the clerk's office in the manner prescribed by § 8.01-527, it shall be the duty of the clerk to endorse thereon the date of such return, and his fee as provided by law for recordation of items specified herein, and to record in a book to be kept by him for the purpose, the date of such bond and of the return endorsed thereon, the amount of the penalty thereof, the amount, the payment whereof will discharge such penalty, and the names of the obligee and obligor to such bond. Such bond, when so returned to the clerk's office aforesaid, shall constitute a lien on the real estate of the obligor.Code 1950, § 8-458; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-530 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-530. Remedy of creditor if bond quashed

If any forthcoming bond be at any time quashed, the obligee, besides his remedy against the officer, may have such execution on his judgment, or issue such distress warrant, as would have been lawful if such bond had not been taken.Code 1950, § 8-454; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-531 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-531. In what cases forthcoming bond not to be taken

No bond for the forthcoming of property shall be taken:1. On an execution on a forthcoming bond;2. On an execution on a judgment against (i) a treasurer, sheriff, or a deputy of either of them, or a surety or personal representative of either such officer or deputy, for money received by any such officer or deputy, by virtue of his office, (ii) any such officer or his personal representative, in favor of a surety of such officer for money paid or a judgment rendered for a default in office, or (iii) a deputy of any such officer, or his surety or personal representative, in favor of his principal or the personal representative of such principal, for money paid or a judgment rendered for a default in office; or3. On any other execution on which the clerk is required by law or by order of court to endorse that "no security is to be taken."Code 1950, § 8-455; 1954, c. 333; 1977, c. 617.
VA Code § 8.01-532 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 8.01 - Civil Remedies and Procedure|Chapter 19 - Forthcoming Bonds|§ 8.01-532. How bond withdrawn from clerk's office

The obligee in a forthcoming bond, or his agent, may, at any time after the record of such bond is made by the clerk, required by § 8.01-529, withdraw the same from the clerk's office, leaving a copy thereof attested by the clerk.Code 1950, § 8-459; 1977, c. 617.