reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 600.8703 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8703 - Municipal Civil Infraction; Commencement; Political Subdivision as Plaintiff; Exception Under MCL 324.80146; Jurisdiction of Courts; Time and Place of Appearance.

600.8703 Municipal civil infraction; commencement; political subdivision as plaintiff; exception under MCL 324.80146; jurisdiction of courts; time and place of appearance.Sec. 8703.  (1) A municipal civil infraction action is commenced upon the issuance of a citation as provided in section 8707. The plaintiff in a municipal civil infraction action is the political subdivision whose ordinance has been violated. If the ordinance is a temporary vessel speed limit established by the county emergency management coordinator or sheriff under section 80146 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.80146, the county or municipality that requested the speed limit is considered to be the political subdivision whose ordinance has been violated.   (2) The district court and any municipal court have jurisdiction over municipal civil infraction actions.  (3) The time specified in a citation for appearance shall be within a reasonable time after the citation is issued.  (4) The place specified in the citation for appearance shall be the court referred to in subsection (2) that has territorial jurisdiction of the place where the municipal civil infraction occurred. Venue in the district court is governed by section 8312. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994 ;-- Am. 1996, Act 388, Eff. Jan. 1, 1998 ;-- Am. 2020, Act 71, Imd. Eff. Apr. 2, 2020
MI Comp L § 600.8705 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8705 - Citation; Numbering; Form; Contents; Modification; Treatment as Under Oath.

600.8705 Citation; numbering; form; contents; modification; treatment as under oath. Sec. 8705.  (1) Each citation shall be numbered consecutively, be in a form as approved by the state court administrator, and consist of the following parts:  (a) The original, which is a complaint and notice to appear by the authorized official and shall be filed with the court in which the appearance is to be made.  (b) The first copy, which shall be retained by the ordinance enforcement agency.  (c) The second copy, which shall be issued to the alleged violator if the violation is a misdemeanor.  (d) The third copy, which shall be issued to the alleged violator if the violation is a municipal civil infraction.  (2) With the prior approval of the state court administrator, the citation may be modified as to content or number of copies to accommodate law enforcement and local court procedures and practices. Use of this citation for violations other than municipal civil infractions is optional.  (3) A citation for a municipal civil infraction signed by an authorized local official shall be treated as made under oath if the violation alleged in the citation occurred in the presence of the authorized local official signing the complaint and if the citation contains the following statement immediately above the date and signature of the official: "I declare under the penalties of perjury that the statements above are true to the best of my information, knowledge, and belief." History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8711 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8711 - Citation; Admission; Denial of Responsibility; Filing of Sworn Complaint; Failure to Appear; Warrant for Arrest.

600.8711 Citation; admission; denial of responsibility; filing of sworn complaint; failure to appear; warrant for arrest. Sec. 8711.  If an authorized local official issues a citation under section 8707, the court may accept an admission with explanation or an admission or denial of responsibility upon the citation without the necessity of a sworn complaint. If the defendant denies responsibility for the municipal civil infraction, further proceedings shall not be held until a sworn complaint is filed with the court. A warrant for arrest for failure to appear on the municipal civil infraction citation under section 8727(9) shall not be issued until a sworn complaint relative to the municipal civil infraction is filed with the court. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8713 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8713 - Materially False Statement; Penalty.

600.8713 Materially false statement; penalty. Sec. 8713.  An authorized local official who, knowing the statement is false, makes a materially false statement in a citation issued under section 8707 is guilty of perjury, a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 15 years, and in addition is in contempt of court. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8717 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8717 - Request for Formal Hearing.

600.8717 Request for formal hearing. Sec. 8717.  (1) The court shall schedule a formal hearing if either the defendant or the plaintiff expressly requests a formal hearing as provided by this section.  (2) A request for a formal hearing must be received by the court at least 10 days before the hearing date. The request may be made in person, by representation, by mail, or by telephone.  (3) The party requesting a formal hearing shall notify the other party or parties of the request. Notification of the request must be received by the other parties at least 10 days before the hearing date. The notification of a request for a formal hearing may be made in person, by representation, by mail, or by telephone.  (4) In a trailway municipal civil infraction action, the court shall also schedule a formal hearing if either or both of the following apply:  (a) The trailway municipal civil infraction caused damage to a natural resource or facility.  (b) The authorized local official impounded the vehicle. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8719 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8719 - Informal Hearing.

600.8719 Informal hearing. Sec. 8719.  (1) An informal hearing shall be conducted by a district court magistrate, if authorized by the judge or judges of the district court district, or by a judge of the district court or a municipal court. A district court magistrate may administer oaths, examine witnesses, and make findings of fact and conclusions of law at an informal hearing. The judge or district court magistrate shall conduct the informal hearing in an informal manner so as to do substantial justice according to the rules of substantive law, but is not bound by the statutory provisions or rules of practice, procedure, pleading, or evidence, except provisions relating to privileged communications. There shall not be a jury at an informal hearing. A verbatim record of an informal hearing is not required.  (2) At an informal hearing, the defendant shall not be represented by an attorney and the plaintiff shall not be represented by the prosecuting attorney or attorney for a political subdivision.  (3) Notice of a scheduled informal hearing shall be given to the plaintiff. The plaintiff and defendant may subpoena witnesses. Witness fees need not be paid in advance to a witness. Witness fees for a witness on behalf of the plaintiff are payable by the district control unit of the district court for the place where the hearing occurs, or by the city or village if the hearing involves an ordinance violation in a district where the district court is not functioning.  (4) If the judge or district court magistrate determines by a preponderance of the evidence that the defendant is responsible for a municipal civil infraction, the judge or magistrate shall enter an order against the defendant as provided in section 8727. Otherwise, a judgment shall be entered for the defendant, but the defendant is not entitled to costs of the action.  (5) The plaintiff and defendant are entitled to appeal an adverse judgment entered at an informal hearing. An appeal from a municipal judge shall be a trial de novo in the circuit court. In other instances, an appeal shall be de novo in the form of a scheduled formal hearing as follows:  (a) The appeal from a judge of the district court shall be heard by a different judge of the district.  (b) The appeal from a district court magistrate shall be heard by a judge of the district. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8721 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8721 - Formal Hearing.

600.8721 Formal hearing. Sec. 8721.  (1) A formal hearing shall be conducted only by a judge of the district court or a municipal court.  (2) In a formal hearing, the defendant may be represented by an attorney, but is not entitled to counsel appointed at public expense.  (3) Notice of a formal hearing shall be given to the prosecuting attorney or the attorney who represents the plaintiff political subdivision. That attorney shall appear in court for a formal hearing and is responsible for the issuance of a subpoena to each witness for the plaintiff. The defendant may also subpoena witnesses. Witness fees need not be paid in advance to a witness. Witness fees for a witness on behalf of the plaintiff are payable by the district control unit of the district court for the place where the hearing occurs, or by the city or village if the hearing involves an ordinance violation in a district where the district court is not functioning.  (4) There shall not be a jury trial in a formal hearing.  (5) If the judge determines by a preponderance of the evidence that the defendant is responsible for a municipal civil infraction, the judge shall enter an order against the defendant as provided in section 8727. Otherwise, a judgment shall be entered for the defendant, but the defendant is not entitled to costs of the action. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8723 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8723 - Failure to Appear; Default Judgment.

600.8723 Failure to appear; default judgment. Sec. 8723.  If the defendant fails to appear as directed by the citation or other notice at a scheduled appearance under section 8715(3)(b) or (4), at a scheduled informal hearing, or at a scheduled formal hearing, the court shall enter a default judgment against the defendant. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8725 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8725 - Issuance of Citation; Fee Prohibited; Violation.

600.8725 Issuance of citation; fee prohibited; violation. Sec. 8725.  (1) An authorized local official issuing a citation under this chapter for a municipal civil infraction shall not accept a fee for issuing the citation.  (2) An authorized local official who violates this section is guilty of misconduct in office and subject to removal from office. History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994
MI Comp L § 600.8729 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8729 - Payment of Fine, Costs, Assessment, Damages, or Expenses; Default as Civil Contempt.

600.8729 Payment of fine, costs, assessment, damages, or expenses; default as civil contempt. Sec. 8729.  (1) If a defendant defaults in the payment of a civil fine, costs, assessment, or, if applicable, damages or expenses as provided in section 8733(2) if applicable, or any installment, as ordered pursuant to section 8727, the court, upon the motion of the plaintiff or upon its own motion, may require the defendant to show cause why the defendant should not be held in civil contempt and may issue a summons, an order to show cause, or a bench warrant of arrest for the defendant's appearance.  (2) If a corporation or an association is ordered to pay a civil fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses, the individuals authorized to make disbursement shall pay the fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses, and their failure to do so shall be civil contempt unless they make the showing required in this section.  (3) Unless the defendant shows that the default was not attributable to an intentional refusal to obey the order of the court or to a failure on his or her part to make a good faith effort to obtain the funds required for payment, the court shall find that the default constitutes a civil contempt and may order the defendant committed until all or a specified part of the amount due is paid.  (4) If it appears that the default in the payment of a fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses does not constitute civil contempt, the court may enter an order allowing the defendant additional time for payment, reducing the amount of payment or of each installment, or revoking the fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses.  (5) The term of imprisonment on civil contempt for nonpayment of a civil fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses shall be specified in the order of commitment and shall not exceed 1 day for each $30.00 due. A person committed for nonpayment of a civil fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses shall be given credit toward payment for each day of imprisonment and each day of detention in default of recognizance before judgment at the rate of $30.00 per day.  (6) A defendant committed to imprisonment for civil contempt for nonpayment of a civil fine, costs, assessment, or damages or expenses shall not be discharged from custody until 1 of the following occurs:  (a) The defendant is credited with the amount due pursuant to subsection (5).  (b) The amount due is collected through execution of process or otherwise.  (c) The amount due is satisfied pursuant to a combination of subdivisions (a) and (b).  (7) The civil contempt shall be purged upon discharge of the defendant pursuant to subsection (6). History: Add. 1994, Act 12, Eff. May 1, 1994 ;-- Am. 2003, Act 95, Eff. Oct. 1, 2003
MI Comp L § 600.8735 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-87 - Chapter 87 Municipal Civil Infractions (600.8701...600.8735)|Section 600.8735 - Municipal Civil Infraction; Additional Costs.

600.8735 Municipal civil infraction; additional costs. Sec. 8735.  If the defendant in a municipal civil infraction action is determined responsible for a municipal civil infraction, the judge or district court magistrate, in addition to any fine, costs, and assessment imposed under section 8727, may assess additional costs incurred in compelling the appearance of the defendant, which additional costs shall be returned to the general fund of the unit of government incurring the costs. History: Add. 1995, Act 54, Eff. Jan. 1, 1996 ;-- Am. 2003, Act 95, Eff. Oct. 1, 2003
MI Comp L § 600.8801 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-88 - Chapter 88 State Civil Infractions (600.8801...600.8835)|Section 600.8801 - Applicability of Chapter; Definitions.

600.8801 Applicability of chapter; definitions.Sec. 8801.  (1) This chapter applies only to a state civil infraction action involving a violation of state law that is designated as a state civil infraction.  (2) This chapter does not apply to a civil infraction action involving a traffic or parking violation.  (3) As used in this chapter:  (a) "Citation" means a written complaint or notice to appear in court upon which a law enforcement officer records the occurrence or existence of 1 or more state civil infractions by the person cited.  (b) "Civil infraction determination" means a determination that a defendant is responsible for a state civil infraction by 1 of the following:  (i) An admission of responsibility for the state civil infraction.  (ii) An admission of responsibility for the state civil infraction, "with explanation".  (iii) A preponderance of the evidence at an informal hearing or formal hearing on the question under section 8819 or 8821, respectively.  (iv) A default judgment, for failing to appear as directed by a citation or other notice, at a scheduled appearance under section 8815(3)(b) or (4), at an informal hearing under section 8819, or at a formal hearing under section 8821.  (c) "Law enforcement officer" means any of the following:  (i) A sheriff or deputy sheriff.  (ii) An officer of the police department of a city, village, or township, or the marshal of a city, village, or township.  (iii) An officer of the Michigan state police.  (iv) A conservation officer.  (v) A security employee employed by the state pursuant to section 6c of 1935 PA 59, MCL 28.6c.  (vi) A motor carrier officer appointed pursuant to section 6d of 1935 PA 59, MCL 28.6d.  (vii) A public safety officer employed by a university as authorized by either of the following:  (A) 1965 PA 278, MCL 390.711 to 390.717.  (B) 1990 PA 120, MCL 390.1511 to 390.1514.  (viii) If authorized by the governing body of a political subdivision, a constable of the political subdivision.  (ix) A park and recreation officer commissioned pursuant to section 1606 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.1606.  (x) A state forest officer commissioned pursuant to section 83107 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.83107.  (xi) An officer, employee, or agent of the department of agriculture enforcing, pursuant to authority granted by the director of agriculture, a statute administered, a rule promulgated, or an order issued by the department of agriculture or the director of agriculture. History: Add. 1995, Act 54, Eff. Jan. 1, 1996 ;-- Am. 1996, Act 211, Imd. Eff. May 23, 1996 ;-- Am. 2000, Act 80, Eff. Mar. 28, 2001 ;-- Am. 2005, Act 51, Imd. Eff. June 27, 2005
MI Comp L § 600.8803 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-88 - Chapter 88 State Civil Infractions (600.8801...600.8835)|Section 600.8803 - State Civil Infraction; Commencement of Action; State as Plaintiff; Jurisdiction; Time; Place; Venue; Rights of Minor.

600.8803 State civil infraction; commencement of action; state as plaintiff; jurisdiction; time; place; venue; rights of minor. Sec. 8803.  (1) A state civil infraction action is commenced upon the issuance of a citation as provided in section 8807. The plaintiff in a state civil infraction action is the state.  (2) The district court and any municipal court have exclusive jurisdiction over state civil infraction actions.  (3) The time specified in a citation for appearance shall be within a reasonable time after the citation is issued pursuant to section 8807.  (4) The place specified in the citation for appearance shall be the court referred to in subsection (2) that has territorial jurisdiction of the place where the state civil infraction occurred. Venue in the district court is governed by section 8312.  (5) If the person cited is a minor, that individual shall be permitted to appear in court or to admit responsibility for a state civil infraction without the necessity of appointment of a guardian or next friend. The courts listed in subsection (2) shall have jurisdiction over the minor and may proceed in the same manner and in all respects as if that individual were an adult. History: Add. 1995, Act 54, Eff. Jan. 1, 1996
MI Comp L § 600.8805 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-88 - Chapter 88 State Civil Infractions (600.8801...600.8835)|Section 600.8805 - Citation; Numbering; Parts; Modification; Complaint Treated as Under Oath.

600.8805 Citation; numbering; parts; modification; complaint treated as under oath. Sec. 8805.  (1) Each citation shall be numbered consecutively, be in a form as approved by the state court administrator, and consist of the following parts:  (a) The original, which is a complaint and notice to appear by the law enforcement officer and shall be filed with the court in which the appearance is to be made.  (b) The first copy, which shall be retained by the law enforcement agency.  (c) The second copy, which shall be issued to the alleged violator if the violation is a misdemeanor.  (d) The third copy, which shall be issued to the alleged violator if the violation is a state civil infraction.  (2) With the prior approval of the state court administrator, the citation may be modified as to content or number of copies to accommodate law enforcement and local court procedures and practices. Use of this citation for violations other than state civil infractions is optional.  (3) A complaint for a state civil infraction signed by a law enforcement officer shall be treated as made under oath if the complaint contains the following statement immediately above the date and signature of the officer: "I declare under the penalties of perjury that the statements above are true to the best of my information, knowledge, and belief.". History: Add. 1995, Act 54, Eff. Jan. 1, 1996