reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
5 ME Rev Stat § 7053 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7053. Intermittent employees

 §7053. Intermittent employees It is the policy of the State to permit all employees of the State to participate to the fullest extent possible in the benefits of the civil service system for classified and unclassified employees. This policy shall be extended to full-time, part-time, intermittent and all other categories of employees.   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]The Director of Human Resources shall, not later than July 1, 1986, adopt rules to assure the attainment of this policy for intermittent employees. At a minimum, the rules must:   [RR 1997, c. 2, §15 (COR).]1.  Define intermittent positions.  Define intermittent positions and must in the definition limit the use of any position to employment for not more than 1040 hours in any consecutive 12-month period;   [PL 1995, c. 502, Pt. F, §3 (AMD).] 2.  Eligibility provisions.  Provide that a person who has been employed in an intermittent position for more than 1,040 hours shall:   A. Be eligible to accrue and use vacation and sick leave days at the same rate, pro rata, as full-time state employees;   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]B. Be eligible to receive holiday pay at the same rate, pro rata, at the same rate as full-time state employees, provided that the intermittent employee works on the days before and after the holiday;   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]C. Be eligible to receive an increase in salary to the next step on the same basis as full-time employees, that is, after completing 2,080 hours of work;   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]D. Be considered a classified employee for the purposes of:   (1) Eligible registers;   (2) Classification of positions;   (3) The compensation plan;   (4) Promotion in the classified service;   (5) Provisional, emergency, exceptional and temporary appointments;   (6) Probationary period;   (7) Transfer;   (8) Reinstatement;   (9) Demotion;   (10) Suspension, layoff and dismissal;   (11) Leave of absence and resignation;   (12) Personnel records;   (13) In-service training;   (14) Service ratings; and   (15) Certification of payrolls;   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]E. Be eligible to participate on a pro rata basis in the retirement program for state employees; and   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]F. Be eligible to participate in health and hospitalization insurance programs at rates of participation reduced to reflect the less than full-time status; and   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).][PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).] 3.  Restricted application.  This section shall not apply if provided pursuant to Title 26, chapter 9-B.   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).] SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 1987, c. 320 (AMD). PL 1995, c. 502, §F3 (AMD). RR 1997, c. 2, §15 (COR).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7054 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7054. Veterans' preference (REPEALED)

 §7054. Veterans' preference (REPEALED)SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 1985, c. 811 (AMD). PL 1987, c. 402, §§A56,A57 (AMD). PL 1989, c. 20 (AMD). PL 1989, c. 443, §12 (AMD). PL 1993, c. 427, §§1,2 (AMD). PL 1995, c. 115, §1 (AMD). PL 1999, c. 462, §1 (AMD). RR 2001, c. 2, §A10 (COR). PL 2001, c. 512, §§1-3 (AMD). PL 2003, c. 20, §OO2 (AMD). PL 2003, c. 20, §OO4 (AFF). PL 2015, c. 438, §1 (RP).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7054-A (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7054-A. Access to register for ASPIRE-JOBS participants

 §7054-A. Access to register for ASPIRE-JOBS participants In making referrals to a position on an open competitive basis in the classified service, preference must be given to ASPIRE-JOBS participants as set forth in this section.   [PL 1993, c. 385, §2 (NEW).]1.  Eligibility.  Candidates must be active participants of the ASPIRE-JOBS Program, as defined in Title 22, chapter 1054-A, or current recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families who have completed the ASPIRE-JOBS Program within the past year at the time an application for employment is filed with the Bureau of Human Resources in order to be eligible for preference under this section. Candidates shall make their status in the ASPIRE-JOBS Program known to the Director of Human Resources in a manner prescribed by the director. Eligibility for preference continues for a period of one year after the date of application for employment and may be renewed at the end of one year at the request of the candidate if the candidate continues to meet the other eligibility criteria specified in this subsection. A candidate receives preference only if the candidate has earned a qualifying rating on all relevant examinations.   [PL 1993, c. 385, §2 (NEW); PL 1997, c. 530, Pt. A, §34 (AMD).] 2.  Certification preference.  Preference is limited to referral of the highest scoring ASPIRE-JOBS Program participant as an additional candidate to be interviewed. If the normal certification procedure includes an eligible ASPIRE-JOBS Program participant, further preferential certification may not be made. Preference under this section may not exclude a person who would be referred normally.   [PL 1993, c. 385, §2 (NEW).] SECTION HISTORY PL 1993, c. 385, §2 (NEW). PL 1997, c. 530, §A34 (AMD).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7054-B (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7054-B. Veteran preference

 §7054-B. Veteran preference 1.  Definitions.  As used in this section, unless the context otherwise indicates, the following terms have the following meanings.   A. "Gold star spouse" means a widow or widower of a veteran who is eligible to receive a gold star lapel pin under 10 United States Code, Section 1126 (2010).   [PL 2015, c. 438, §2 (NEW).]B. "Veteran" means a person who has served on active duty in the United States Armed Forces including the Reserves of the United States Armed Forces and the National Guard and received a discharge other than dishonorable.   [PL 2015, c. 438, §2 (NEW).][PL 2015, c. 438, §2 (NEW).] 2.  Interview.  In filling any position in the classified service, the employing agency shall offer an interview to any veteran or gold star spouse who meets the minimum qualifications established for the position.   [PL 2015, c. 438, §2 (NEW).] 3.  Retention preference.  In any reduction in personnel in the state service, employees who are veterans or gold star spouses must be retained in preference to all other competing employees in the same classification with equal seniority, status and performance reviews.   [PL 2015, c. 438, §2 (NEW).] SECTION HISTORY PL 2015, c. 438, §2 (NEW).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7054-C (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7054-C. Person with disability preference

 §7054-C. Person with disability preference 1.  Definitions.  As used in this section, unless the context otherwise indicates, the following terms have the following meanings.   A. "Person with a disability" means a person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the person's major life activities.   [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).]B. [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (RP).] C. "Special appointment program" means the program established by rule by the Department of Administrative and Financial Services, Bureau of Human Resources to provide persons with disabilities increased access to positions in the classified service.   [PL 2017, c. 261, §1 (NEW).]D. [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (RP).] [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).] 2.  Interview.  In filling a position in the classified service, the employing agency shall offer an interview to a person with a disability who meets the minimum qualifications established for the position.   [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).] 3.  Guidance and referral if not hired.  If a person with a disability applies for a position described in subsection 2 but is not selected, the Department of Administrative and Financial Services, Bureau of Human Resources shall provide guidance to the person regarding other available state positions for which the person might qualify. The Bureau of Human Resources may also refer the person to the Department of Labor, Bureau of Rehabilitation Services for potential vocational rehabilitation services, including opportunities in the special appointment program.   [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).] 4.  Retention preference.  In any reduction in personnel in the state service, employees who are persons with disabilities must be retained in preference to all other competing employees in the same classification with equal seniority, status and performance reviews.   [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).] 5.  Right to nondisclosure.  A person with a disability has the right to not disclose that person's disability at the time of hire but may not assert a right to a retention preference pursuant to subsection 4 at a later date.   [PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).] SECTION HISTORY PL 2017, c. 261, §1 (NEW). PL 2019, c. 343, Pt. QQQ, §1 (AMD).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7055 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7055. Reopening of examinations (REPEALED)

 §7055. Reopening of examinations (REPEALED)SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 2015, c. 438, §3 (RP).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7056 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 1: CITZENSHIP, RESIDENCY, HIRING PRACTICES AND VETERANS' PREFERENCE|5 §7056. Political activity (REPEALED)

 §7056. Political activity (REPEALED)SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 1987, c. 487 (AMD). PL 1997, c. 498, §5 (RP).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7061 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 2: JOB CLASSIFICATION, COMPENSATION AND QUALIFICATIONS|5 §7061. Classification plan

 §7061. Classification plan The director, in accordance with policies and procedures established by the director and in accordance with this section, shall record the duties and responsibilities of all positions in state service and establish classes for these positions. The titles of the positions and classes must be used in all personnel, accounting, budget, appropriation and financial records of all state departments, commissions and institutions.   [PL 1999, c. 668, §17 (AMD).]1.  Involvement of commissioners and directors.  In recording the duties and responsibilities of each position, the commissioners and directors of the departments and agencies of State Government shall be involved to the greatest extent possible.   [PL 1987, c. 541 (RPR).] 2.  Development of job classifications.  Job classifications created pursuant to this section shall be developed to meet the needs of each department in the most efficient and pertinent manner.   [PL 1987, c. 541 (RPR).] 2-A.  Mental health professionals.  Job classifications adopted by the director under subsection 2 must allow a person licensed as a marriage and family therapist under Title 32, chapter 119 to qualify for mental health therapist positions within the civil service system.   [PL 2011, c. 6, §1 (NEW).] 3.  Collective bargaining.   [PL 1987, c. 724, §1 (REEN); MRSA T. 5 §7061, sub-§7 (RP).] 4.  Implementation.  The procedure established pursuant to this section shall be implemented by the bureau in conjunction with state agencies. State agencies shall provide sufficient employees and resources to efficiently and effectively implement this section.   A. The procedure shall provide for periodic updating of job descriptions at least every 5 years to accurately reflect current duties and responsibilities of each job classification.   [PL 1987, c. 541 (NEW).][PL 1987, c. 541 (NEW).] 5.  Reclassification requests.  The bureau shall act as expeditiously as possible on job reclassification requests which occur while this section is in effect. Nothing in this section may be construed to authorize the bureau to defer from acting expeditiously on job reclassification requests while the issue of job classifications is being addressed pursuant to this section.   [PL 1987, c. 541 (NEW).] 6.  Report.  The director shall submit a progress report on or before February 15, 1988, to the joint standing committee of the Legislature having jurisdiction over state and local government.   [PL 1987, c. 541 (NEW).] 7.  Sunset.   Subsection 3 is repealed March 15, 1990.   [PL 1987, c. 724, §2 (AMD).] SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 1987, c. 541 (RPR). PL 1987, c. 724, §§1,2 (AMD). PL 1999, c. 668, §17 (AMD). PL 2011, c. 6, §1 (AMD).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7062 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 2: JOB CLASSIFICATION, COMPENSATION AND QUALIFICATIONS|5 §7062. Registers of eligibility

 §7062. Registers of eligibility The director, in accordance with policies and procedures established by the director, shall prepare for each class of positions in the classified service registers of persons eligible for appointment to positions in each class. Each eligible register consists of a list of all the persons who have shown by competitive tests, as provided in section 7063, that they possess the qualifications that entitle them to be considered eligible for appointment to any position in the class for which the eligible register is to be prepared, and of employees who have resigned or been dismissed, laid off or granted leaves of absence and whose names have been restored to the eligible register in accordance with this chapter.   [PL 1999, c. 668, §18 (AMD).]1.  Placement of names on register.  In establishing registers of eligible persons pursuant to this section, the names of all persons attaining the minimum final earned ratings established by the director must be placed on the register.   [PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (AMD).] 2.  Establishment of direct hire procedures.  The director shall, based on recruitment and retention needs and the provision of section 7036, subsection 22, establish where practicable direct hire procedures.   [PL 1999, c. 668, §19 (AMD).] 3.  Removal from list prohibited under certain circumstances.  A person may not be removed from a register of eligibles for:   A. Specifying the conditions under which the applicant will accept employment in a classification;   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]B. Specifying a department, bureau or division in which the applicant will accept employment in a classification; or   [PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (AMD).]C. Specifying a department, bureau or division in which the applicant will not accept employment in a classification.   [PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (AMD).]D. [PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (RP).] E. [PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (RP).] [PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (AMD).] SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 1999, c. 668, §§18,19 (AMD). PL 2015, c. 442, §3 (AMD).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7064 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 2: JOB CLASSIFICATION, COMPENSATION AND QUALIFICATIONS|5 §7064. Filling of positions

 §7064. Filling of positions Positions in the classified service must be filled by original appointment, promotion, transfer, reinstatement or demotion in accordance with policies and procedures developed by the director. These policies and procedures must provide for the direct hire of positions in the classified service where appropriate.   [PL 2007, c. 466, Pt. A, §17 (AMD).]1.  Objective.  In developing policies and procedures for filling positions, the director must be guided by the principle of filling each position as efficiently and expeditiously as possible. The director shall strive to fill each position in 30 days and no later than 45 days from the date a request to fill a position has been received from a state agency.   [PL 2007, c. 466, Pt. A, §18 (AMD).] 2.  Eligibility of unclassified employees for classified service.  In addition to any other provisions in this chapter, unclassified employees listed in section 931, subsection 1, paragraph H, and other unclassified employees, except those cited in section 931, subsection 1, paragraphs A to G, and paragraphs I and J, and in sections 932 to 953, are eligible for appointment to the classified service on the same basis as other members of the classified service.   [PL 2003, c. 177, §1 (AMD).] Notwithstanding any provision of this section to the contrary, a permanent, classified employee who accepts appointment to a major policy-influencing position listed in section 931 and in sections 932 to 952 retains, for the duration of the appointment, promotion, transfer and demotion rights consistent with this section.   [RR 2015, c. 2, §2 (COR).]SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 1987, c. 402, §B10 (AMD). PL 2003, c. 177, §1 (AMD). PL 2007, c. 466, Pt. A, §§17, 18 (AMD). RR 2015, c. 2, §2 (COR).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7068 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 3: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS, RECORDS AND TRAINING|5 §7068. Obligation to inform employee

 §7068. Obligation to inform employee 1.  Orientation session.  The director shall provide that during the first 6 months of state employment each employee shall attend an employee orientation workshop which shall be work time for the employee. Such training shall describe the nature and costs of benefits available to state employees generally, the nature and costs of benefits available to the employee and the circumstances under which the employee's benefit eligibility or cost may be changed. These benefits include, but are not limited to, vacation, holiday and sick leave, insurance programs and retirement programs.   A. In carrying out these programs, the director shall invite and include, to the extent they wish to participate, representatives of the Bureau of Employee Health, the Maine Public Employees Retirement System and employee representatives who are bargaining agents for any or all of the state employees attending the conference. Such employee representatives shall participate as the director provides in the program, but shall at least be given the chance to address employees in represented bargaining units on the rights and obligations of employees under the contract for their bargaining unit and as to insurance programs and other benefits that are available from the employee representative.   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW); PL 2007, c. 58, §3 (REV).][PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW); PL 2007, c. 58, §3 (REV).] 2.  Information provided to employees.  The appointing authority shall be responsible for attendance of new employees at the orientation session, and shall provide every new employee with written information as to the employee's rate of pay and circumstances under which the rate may be changed, including merit increases.   A. The appointing authority shall also be responsible for distributing to new employees such written information as deemed appropriate by the director to carry out the spirit of this law and such information as provided in applicable labor agreements.   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).][PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).] SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW). PL 2007, c. 58, §3 (REV).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7069 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 3: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS, RECORDS AND TRAINING|5 §7069. Director to develop brochure or publication

 §7069. Director to develop brochure or publication The director shall develop a brochure or publication by which the information in section 7068 is clearly and simply presented. The brochure or publication shall be made available to new employees upon arrival at their jobs and to other state employees upon request.   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7070-A (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 3: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS, RECORDS AND TRAINING|5 §7070-A. Personnel records; deadly force or physical force by law enforcement officer

 §7070-A. Personnel records; deadly force or physical force by law enforcement officer The name of a law enforcement officer is not confidential under section 7070, subsection 2, paragraph E in cases involving:   [PL 1991, c. 729, §2 (NEW).]1.  Deadly force.  The use of deadly force by a law enforcement officer; or   [PL 1991, c. 729, §2 (NEW).] 2.  Physical force.  The use of physical force by a law enforcement officer resulting in death or serious bodily injury.   [PL 1991, c. 729, §2 (NEW).] In cases specified in subsections 1 and 2, regardless of whether disciplinary action is taken, the findings of any investigation into the officer's conduct are no longer confidential when the investigation is completed and a decision on whether to bring criminal charges has been made, except that if criminal charges are brought, the findings of the investigation remain confidential until the conclusion of the criminal case.   [PL 1991, c. 729, §2 (NEW).]SECTION HISTORY PL 1991, c. 729, §2 (NEW).
5 ME Rev Stat § 7071 (2021)
2021 Maine Revised Statutes|TITLE 5: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AND SERVICES|Part 17-A: CIVIL SERVICE|Chapter 372: STATE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM|Subchapter 2: EMPLOYEE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND RESTRICTIONS|Article 3: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS, RECORDS AND TRAINING|5 §7071. Employee right to review personnel file

 §7071. Employee right to review personnel file The director shall, upon written request from an employee, provide the employee, former employee or his duly authorized representative with an opportunity to review his personnel file. These reviews shall take place in the Bureau of Human Resources and during its normal office hours. Time spent by an employee in reviewing his personnel file shall not be considered as time worked. For the purposes of this section, a personnel file shall include, but not be limited to, any formal or informal employee evaluations and reports relating to the employee's character, credit, work habits, compensation and benefits which the director has in his possession.   [PL 1985, c. 785, Pt. B, §38 (NEW).]SECTION HISTORY PL 1985, c. 785, §B38 (NEW).