reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MN Stat § 540.152 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 540 — Parties To Actions|Section 540.152 — Service Of Process On Unions, Groups, Or Associations.

540.152 SERVICE OF PROCESS ON UNIONS, GROUPS, OR ASSOCIATIONS. The transaction of any acts, business, or activities within the state of Minnesota by any officer, agent, representative, employee, or member of any union or other groups or associations having officers, agents, members, or property without the state on behalf of the union or other groups or associations or any of its members or affiliated local unions shall be deemed an appointment by the union or other groups or associations of the secretary of state of the state of Minnesota to be the true and lawful attorney of the union or other groups or associations, upon whom may be served all legal processes or notices in any action or proceeding against or involving the union or other groups or associations growing out of any acts, business or activities within the state of Minnesota resulting in damage or loss to person or property or giving rise to any cause of action under the laws of the state of Minnesota or to any matters or proceedings arising under the Minnesota Labor Relations Act. Such acts, business, or activities shall be a signification of the agreement of the union or other groups or associations and its members that any process or notice in any action, matter, or proceeding against or involving it, which is so served, shall be of the same legal force and validity as if served upon the union or other groups or associations and its members personally. Service of process or notice shall be made according to section 5.25. The service shall be sufficient service upon the union or other groups or associations and its members. History:  1947 c 527 s 2; 1955 c 597 s 2; 1955 c 820 s 47; 1980 c 541 s 8; 3Sp1981 c 2 art 1 s 72; 1984 c 618 s 57; 1987 c 404 s 187; 1989 c 335 art 1 s 258; 1995 c 128 art 1 s 18
MN Stat § 540.153 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 540 — Parties To Actions|Section 540.153 — Exceptions.

540.153 EXCEPTIONS. Sections 540.151 to 540.153 shall not apply to any person or labor organization subject to the Federal Railway Labor Act, United States Code Annotated, title 45, chapter 8. History:   1947 c 527 s 3
MN Stat § 540.154 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 540 — Parties To Actions|Section 540.154 — Actions Against Unions, Groups, Or Associations; Where Brought.

540.154 ACTIONS AGAINST UNIONS, GROUPS, OR ASSOCIATIONS; WHERE BROUGHT. An action in a state court against an association referred to in section 540.151 shall be brought in district court in the county in which the organization maintains its principal office in this state or in the district court of the county in which the acts complained of occurred. History:   1955 c 597 s 3
MN Stat § 540.17 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 540 — Parties To Actions|Section 540.17 — Joinder Of Connecting Carriers.

540.17 JOINDER OF CONNECTING CARRIERS. Subdivision 1. Joinder. When any personal property shall be transported by two or more connecting common carriers into or through this state and shall become injured or damaged during transportation, the consignor, consignee or owner thereof, or the owner's assignee, in an action to recover damages for such injury, may join as parties defendant one or more of such connecting common carriers with the last or delivering common carrier. Subd. 2. Pleading and proof. In any such action brought in any court of this state against the last or delivering carrier and any one or more connecting common carriers, it shall be sufficient for the plaintiff to allege in the complaint and prove upon the trial of such action, that such personal property was in good order and condition when delivered to the initial carrier, that the same was transported from the initial point of shipment to its destination by two or more connecting common carriers, including the defendants, that it was in whole or in part injured or damaged on arrival at destination, and the general nature and amount of such injury or damage thereto, and such proof shall be prima facie evidence that such injury or damage was caused by the negligence of all the defendants and the amount of loss or damage caused to such property by the negligence of each and every one of the defendants shall be determined by the jury upon the trial of the action from all the evidence in the case, and a verdict rendered accordingly. History:  (9183, 9184) 1907 c 446 s 1,2; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 540.18 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 540 — Parties To Actions|Section 540.18 — Damage By Minor; Responsibility Of Parent, Guardian, And Minor.

540.18 DAMAGE BY MINOR; RESPONSIBILITY OF PARENT, GUARDIAN, AND MINOR. Subdivision 1. Liability rule. The parent or guardian of a minor who is under the age of 18 and who is living with the parent or guardian and who willfully or maliciously causes injury to any person or damage to any property is jointly and severally liable with such minor for such injury or damage to an amount not exceeding $1,000, if such minor would have been liable for such injury or damage if the minor had been an adult. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to relieve such minor from personal liability for such injury or damage. The liability provided in this subdivision is in addition to and not in lieu of any other liability which may exist at law. Recovery under this section shall be limited to special damages. Subd. 2. Not applicable to certain persons. This section shall not apply to persons having custody or charge of any minor under the authority of the Human Services or Corrections Department of the state. History:  Ex1967 c 41 s 1-3; 1969 c 803 s 1; 1980 c 580 s 22; 1984 c 654 art 5 s 58; 1986 c 444; 1993 c 326 art 6 s 5; 2005 c 10 art 4 s 28
MN Stat § 541.01 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.01 — Application To State And Other States; Exceptions.

541.01 APPLICATION TO STATE AND OTHER STATES; EXCEPTIONS. Actions can only be commenced within the periods prescribed in this chapter, after the cause of action accrues, except where a different limitation is prescribed by the Uniform Commercial Code or, in special cases, by other statute; provided that a cause of action for sales or use taxes imposed by any other state shall be deemed to have accrued at the time such tax first becomes due and payable. Such limitation shall apply to actions by or in behalf of the state and the several political subdivisions thereof; provided that no occupant of a public way, levee, square, or other ground dedicated or appropriated to public use shall acquire, by reason of occupancy, any title thereto. No occupant of the land of a public or private cemetery shall acquire any title to the cemetery land by reason of the occupancy. History:  (9185, 9186) RL s 4071,4072; 1963 c 749 s 1; 1965 c 812 s 19; 1981 c 26 s 3; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 541.02 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.02 — Recovery Of Real Estate, 15 Years.

541.02 RECOVERY OF REAL ESTATE, 15 YEARS. No action for the recovery of real estate or the possession thereof shall be maintained unless it appears that the plaintiff, the plaintiff's ancestor, predecessor, or grantor was seized or possessed of the premises in question within 15 years before the beginning of the action. Such limitations shall not be a bar to an action for the recovery of real estate assessed as tracts or parcels separate from other real estate, unless it appears that the party claiming title by adverse possession or the party's ancestor, predecessor, or grantor, or all of them together, shall have paid taxes on the real estate in question at least five consecutive years of the time during which the party claims these lands to have been occupied adversely. The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to actions relating to the boundary line of lands, which boundary lines are established by adverse possession, or to actions concerning lands included between the government or platted line and the line established by such adverse possession, or to lands not assessed for taxation. History:  (9187) RL s 4073; 1913 c 239 s 1; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 541.024 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.024 — Limitation Of Actions Affecting Title To Or Possession Of Tax-forfeited Lands.

541.024 LIMITATION OF ACTIONS AFFECTING TITLE TO OR POSSESSION OF TAX-FORFEITED LANDS. Subdivision 1. Limitation. As against a real estate title based upon or derived from a county auditor's certificate of forfeiture, or auditor's certificate of sale or state assignment certificate which has been of record for at least four years in the office of the county recorder or in the office of the registrar of titles, no action affecting the possession or title of the real estate shall be commenced on or after June 15, 1978, to enforce any adverse right, claim, interest, incumbrance, or lien, based upon the alleged invalidity of the county auditor's certificate of forfeiture, or auditor's certificate of sale or state assignment certificate. Subd. 2. Not affect. This section shall not affect any rights of the federal government or any rights of a person in actual, open, hostile, notorious, and exclusive possession of the real estate on the date of the placing of record of the county auditor's certificate of forfeiture, auditor's certificate of sale or state assignment certificate and continuously thereafter to the time of the commencement of an action. Subd. 3. Abandonment of right. A claimant under any instrument, event or transaction barred by this section shall be conclusively presumed to have abandoned all right, claim, interest, incumbrance or lien based thereon; and the title based upon or derived from the county auditor's certificate of forfeiture, auditor's certificate of sale, or state assignment certificate shall be deemed marketable. It is the policy of the state of Minnesota that, except as provided by Laws 1977, Chapter 265, unadjudicated adverse rights shall not fetter the marketability of tax titles of real estate. Subd. 4. Limit of extension of right. This section does not extend the right to commence any action beyond the date on which the right would be extinguished under section 284.28 or any other law. Subd. 5. Auditor certificates. This section applies to real estate titles based upon or derived from a county auditor's certificate of forfeiture, or auditor's certificate of sale, or state assignment certificate issued prior to June 15, 1977. History:  1977 c 265 s 2; 1980 c 543 s 9
MN Stat § 541.03 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.03 — Foreclosure Of Real Estate Mortgage.

541.03 FORECLOSURE OF REAL ESTATE MORTGAGE. Subdivision 1. Limitation. No action or proceeding to foreclose a real estate mortgage, whether by action or advertisement or otherwise, shall be maintained unless commenced within 15 years from the maturity of the whole of the debt secured by the mortgage, and this limitation shall not be extended by the nonresidence of any plaintiff or defendant or any party interested in the land upon which the mortgage is a lien in any action commenced to foreclose such mortgage, nor by reason of any payment made after such maturity, nor by reason of any extension of the time of payment of the mortgage or the debt or obligation thereby secured or any portion thereof, unless such extension shall be in writing and shall have been recorded in the same office in which the original mortgage is recorded, within the limitation period herein provided, or prior to the expiration of any previously recorded extension of such mortgage or debt, nor by reason of any disability of any party interested in the mortgage. Subd. 2. When time begins to run; commencement of proceedings. The time within which any such action or proceeding may be commenced shall begin to run from the date of such mortgage, unless the time of the maturity of the debt or obligation secured by such mortgage shall be clearly stated in such mortgage. Any action or proceeding to foreclose a real estate mortgage, whether by action, by advertisement, or otherwise, commenced within the period of limitation herein provided, may be prosecuted to completion notwithstanding the expiration of the period of limitation, and proceedings to foreclose a real estate mortgage by advertisement shall be deemed commenced on the date of the first publication of the notice of sale. History:  (9188, 9189) 1909 c 181 s 1,2
MN Stat § 541.04 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.04 — Judgments, Ten Years.

541.04 JUDGMENTS, TEN YEARS. No action shall be maintained upon a judgment or decree of a court of the United States, or of any state or territory thereof, unless begun within ten years after the entry of such judgment. History:  (9190) RL s 4075; 2010 c 238 s 4,7; 2010 c 371 s 5; 2011 c 66 s 8; 2012 c 183 s 1; 2012 c 216 art 1 s 45
MN Stat § 541.05 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.05 — Various Cases, Six Years.

541.05 VARIOUS CASES, SIX YEARS. Subdivision 1. Six-year limitation. Except where the Uniform Commercial Code otherwise prescribes, the following actions shall be commenced within six years: (1) upon a contract or other obligation, express or implied, as to which no other limitation is expressly prescribed; (2) upon a liability created by statute, other than those arising upon a penalty or forfeiture or where a shorter period is provided by section 541.07; (3) for a trespass upon real estate; (4) for taking, detaining, or injuring personal property, including actions for the specific recovery thereof; (5) for criminal conversation, or for any other injury to the person or rights of another, not arising on contract, and not hereinafter enumerated; (6) for relief on the ground of fraud, in which case the cause of action shall not be deemed to have accrued until the discovery by the aggrieved party of the facts constituting the fraud; (7) against sureties upon the official bond of any public officer, whether of the state or of any county, town, school district, or a municipality therein; in which case the limitation shall not begin to run until the term of such officer for which the bond was given shall have expired; (8) for damages caused by a dam, used for commercial purposes; or (9) for assault, battery, false imprisonment, or other tort resulting in personal injury, if the conduct that gives rise to the cause of action also constitutes domestic abuse as defined in section 518B.01. Subd. 2. Strict liability. Unless otherwise provided by law, any action based on the strict liability of the defendant and arising from the manufacture, sale, use or consumption of a product shall be commenced within four years. History:  (9191) RL s 4076; 1953 c 378 s 1; 1965 c 812 s 20; 1978 c 738 s 1; 1986 c 444; 2000 c 471 s 1; 2015 c 5 art 15 s 18
MN Stat § 541.052 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.052 — Limitation Of Actions For Damages Based On Errors In Land Surveys.

541.052 LIMITATION OF ACTIONS FOR DAMAGES BASED ON ERRORS IN LAND SURVEYS. Subdivision 1. Land surveys. Except where fraud is involved, no action to recover damages for an error in the survey of land, nor any action for contribution or indemnity for damages sustained on account of an error, may be brought against any person performing the survey more than two years after the discovery of the error, nor in any event more than ten years after the date of the survey. Subd. 2. Action allowed. Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision 1, in the case of action which occurs during the ninth or tenth year after the date of the survey, an action to recover damages may be brought within two years after the date on which the action occurred, but in no event may an action be brought more than 12 years after the date of the survey. History:   1986 c 455 s 93
MN Stat § 541.053 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.053 — Limitation Of Actions Based On Consumer Debt.

541.053 LIMITATION OF ACTIONS BASED ON CONSUMER DEBT. Notwithstanding section 541.31, subdivision 1, actions upon an obligation arising out of a consumer debt primarily for personal, family, or household purposes shall be commenced within six years. After its expiration, the statute of limitations is not revived by the collection of a payment on an account, a discharge in a bankruptcy proceeding, or an oral or written reaffirmation of the debt. History:   2013 c 104 s 2
MN Stat § 541.06 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.06 — Sheriffs, Coroners; Forfeitures, Three Years.

541.06 SHERIFFS, CORONERS; FORFEITURES, THREE YEARS. The following actions shall be commenced within three years: against a sheriff or coroner for any act done in an official capacity and in virtue of an office, or for any omission of an official duty, including the nonpayment of money collected or received on a judgment or execution. History:  (9192) RL s 4077; 1953 c 378 s 2; 1986 c 444; 2005 c 10 art 2 s 4
MN Stat § 541.07 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.07 — Two- Or Three-year Limitations.

541.07 TWO- OR THREE-YEAR LIMITATIONS. Except where the Uniform Commercial Code, this section, section 541.05, 541.073, 541.076, or 604.205 otherwise prescribes, the following actions shall be commenced within two years: (1) for libel, slander, assault, battery, false imprisonment, or other tort resulting in personal injury, and all actions against veterinarians as defined in chapter 156, for malpractice, error, mistake, or failure to cure, whether based on contract or tort; provided a counterclaim may be pleaded as a defense to any action for services brought by a veterinarian after the limitations period if it was the property of the party pleading it at the time it became barred and was not barred at the time the claim sued on originated, but no judgment thereof except for costs can be rendered in favor of the party so pleading it; (2) upon a statute for a penalty or forfeiture, except as provided in sections 541.074 and 541.075; (3) for damages caused by a dam, other than a dam used for commercial purposes; but as against one holding under the preemption or homestead laws, the limitations shall not begin to run until a patent has been issued for the land so damaged; (4) against a master for breach of an indenture of apprenticeship; the limitation runs from the expiration of the term of service; (5) for the recovery of wages or overtime or damages, fees, or penalties accruing under any federal or state law respecting the payment of wages or overtime or damages, fees, or penalties except, that if the employer fails to submit payroll records by a specified date upon request of the Department of Labor and Industry or if the nonpayment is willful and not the result of mistake or inadvertence, the limitation is three years. (The term "wages" means all remuneration for services or employment, including commissions and bonuses and the cash value of all remuneration in any medium other than cash, where the relationship of master and servant exists and the term "damages" means single, double, or treble damages, accorded by any statutory cause of action whatsoever and whether or not the relationship of master and servant exists); (6) for damages caused by the establishment of a street or highway grade or a change in the originally established grade; (7) against the person who applies the pesticide for injury or damage to property resulting from the application, but not the manufacture or sale, of a pesticide. History:  (9193) RL s 4078; 1925 c 113 s 1; 1935 c 80 s 1; 1945 c 513 s 1; 1953 c 378 s 3; 1955 c 843 s 1; 1963 c 749 s 2; 1965 c 812 s 21; 1978 c 738 s 2; 1982 c 546 s 2; 1984 c 608 s 4; 1989 c 190 s 1; 1989 c 286 s 1; 1990 c 419 s 1; 1992 c 511 art 7 s 23; 1997 c 213 art 3 s 1; 1999 c 23 s 1; 2000 c 471 s 2
MN Stat § 541.072 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.072 — Special Limitation.

541.072 SPECIAL LIMITATION. An action to recover damages heretofore caused by the establishment of a street or highway grade or a change in the originally established grade may be brought within the time prescribed in section 541.07 or within six months after April 25, 1955, whichever is the longer period. History:   1955 c 843 s 2
MN Stat § 541.073 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.073 — Actions For Damages Due To Sexual Abuse; Special Provisions.

541.073 ACTIONS FOR DAMAGES DUE TO SEXUAL ABUSE; SPECIAL PROVISIONS. Subdivision 1. Definition. As used in this section: (1) "sexual abuse" means conduct described in sections 609.342 to 609.3451 and 609.3458; and (2) "person" includes a natural person, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, organization, association, or other entity. Subd. 2. Limitations period. (a) An action for damages based on sexual abuse: (1) must be commenced within six years of the alleged sexual abuse in the case of alleged sexual abuse of an individual 18 years or older; (2) may be commenced at any time in the case of alleged sexual abuse of an individual under the age of 18, except as provided for in subdivision 4; and (3) must be commenced before the plaintiff is 24 years of age in a claim against a natural person alleged to have sexually abused a minor when that natural person was under 14 years of age. (b) The plaintiff need not establish which act in a continuous series of sexual abuse acts by the defendant caused the injury. (c) This section does not affect the suspension of the statute of limitations during a period of disability under section 541.15. Subd. 3. Applicability. This section applies to an action for damages commenced against a person who was a cause of the plaintiff's damages either by (1) committing sexual abuse against the plaintiff, or (2) negligence. Subd. 4. Vicarious liability or respondeat superior claims. A claim for vicarious liability or liability under the doctrine of respondeat superior must be commenced within six years of the alleged sexual abuse, provided that if the plaintiff was under the age of 18 at the time of the alleged abuse, the claim must be commenced before the plaintiff is 24 years of age. This subdivision does not limit the availability of these claims under other law. Subd. 5. Title. This section may be cited as the "Child Victims Act." History:  1989 c 190 s 2; 1991 c 232 s 1; 2013 c 89 s 1; 1Sp2021 c 11 art 4 s 31
MN Stat § 541.074 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 540 - 552 — Civil Procedure|Chapter 541 — Limitation Of Time, Commencing Actions|Section 541.074 — Civil Remedy In Racketeering Cases.

541.074 CIVIL REMEDY IN RACKETEERING CASES. A civil proceeding under section 609.911 shall be commenced within five years. History:   1989 c 286 s 2