reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
DC Code § 28-3815 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3815. Administrative enforcement

(a) As used in this section — (1) “Commissioner” [“Mayor”] means the Commissioner of the District of Columbia [Mayor of the District of Columbia] or his designated agent; (b) Compliance with the requirements imposed under this chapter shall be enforced by the Commissioner [Mayor]. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to affect the authority and jurisdiction of the respective agencies designated in section 108 of the Truth-in-Lending Act (82 Stat. 146 et seq.; 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.). (c) Civil fines, penalties, and fees may be imposed as alternative sanctions for any infraction of the provisions of this act [this chapter], or any rules or regulations issued under the authority of this act [this chapter], pursuant to titles I-III of the Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs Civil Infractions Act of 1985 [Chapter 18 of Title 2]. Adjudication of any infraction of this act [this chapter] shall be pursuant to titles I-III of the Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs Civil Infractions Act of 1985 [Chapter 18 of Title 2].  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 678, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; Mar. 8, 1991, D.C. Law 8-237, § 24, 38 DCR 314.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3815. 1973 Ed., § 28-3815. Cross References Department of consumer and regulatory affairs, enforcement authority, see § 28-3903. Change in Government This section originated at a time when local government powers were delegated to the District of Columbia Council and to a Commissioner of the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act, 87 Stat. 818, § 711 ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.11), abolished the District of Columbia Council and the Office of Commissioner of the District of Columbia. These branches of government were replaced by the Council of the District of Columbia and the Office of Mayor of the District of Columbia, respectively. Accordingly, and also pursuant to § 714(a) of such Act ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.14(a)), appropriate changes in terminology were made, in brackets, in this section.
DC Code § 28-3816 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3816. Inconsistent laws: What law governs

If any provision of law or regulation promulgated thereunder is inconsistent with this chapter, this chapter shall govern, unless this chapter or the inconsistent provision of the other laws specifically provides otherwise.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 678, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3816. 1973 Ed., § 28-3816.
DC Code § 28-3852.01 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter II - Consumer Security Breach Notification|§ 28-3852.01. Security requirements

(a) To protect personal information from unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure, or a reasonably anticipated hazard or threat, a person or entity that owns, licenses, maintains, handles, or otherwise possesses personal information of an individual residing in the District shall implement and maintain reasonable security safeguards, including procedures and practices that are appropriate to the nature of the personal information and the nature and size of the entity or operation. (b) A person or entity that uses a nonaffiliated third party as a service provider to perform services for a person or entity and discloses personal information about an individual residing in the District under a written agreement with the third party shall require by the agreement that the third party implement and maintain reasonable security procedures and practices that: (1) Are appropriate to the nature of the personal information disclosed to the nonaffiliated third party; and (2) Are reasonably designed to protect the personal information from unauthorized access, use, modification, and disclosure. (c) When a person or entity is destroying records, including computerized or electronic records and devices containing computerized or electronic records, that contain personal information of a consumer, employee, or former employee of the person or entity, the person or entity shall take reasonable steps to protect against unauthorized access to or use of the personal information, taking into account: (1) The sensitivity of the records; (2) The nature and size of the business and its operations; (3) The costs and benefits of different destruction and sanitation methods; and (4) Available technology. (d) A person or entity who is subject to and in compliance with requirements for security procedures and practices contained in Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, approved November 12, 1999 (113 Stat. 1436; 15 U.S.C. § 6801 et seq.), or the Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act of 1996, approved August 21, 1996 (Pub. L. No. 104-191; 110 Stat. 1936), or the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, approved February 17, 2009 (Pub. L. No.111-5; 123 Stat. 226), and any rules, regulations, guidance and guidelines thereto, shall be deemed to be in compliance with this section.".  (June 17, 2020, D.C. Law 23-98, § 2(a)(5), 67 DCR 3923.)
DC Code § 28-3852.02 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter II - Consumer Security Breach Notification|§ 28-3852.02. Remedies

When a person or entity experiences a breach of the security of the system that requires notification under § 28-3852(a) or (b), and such breach includes or is reasonably believed to include a social security number or taxpayer identification number, the person or entity shall offer to each District resident whose social security number or tax identification number was released identity theft protection services at no cost to such District resident for a period of not less than 18 months. The person or entity that experienced the breach of the security of its system shall provide all information necessary for District residents to enroll in the services required under this section.  (June 17, 2020, D.C. Law 23-98, § 2(a)(5), 67 DCR 3923.)
DC Code § 28-3852.03 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter II - Consumer Security Breach Notification|§ 28-3852.03. Rulemaking

The Attorney General for the District of Columbia, pursuant to [Chapter 5 of Title 2], may issue rules to implement the notification provisions pursuant to § 28-3852(b-1).  (June 17, 2020, D.C. Law 23-98, § 2(a)(5), 67 DCR 3923.)
DC Code § 28-3853 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter II - Consumer Security Breach Notification|§ 28-3853. Enforcement

(a) [Repealed]. (b) A violation of this subchapter, or any rule issued pursuant to the authority of this subchapter, is an unfair or deceptive trade practice pursuant to § 28-3904(kk). (c) The rights and remedies available under this section are cumulative to each other and to any other rights and remedies available under law.  (Mar. 8, 2007, D.C. Law 16-237, § 2(c), 54 DCR 393; June 17, 2020, D.C. Law 23-98, § 2(a)(6), 67 DCR 3923.)
DC Code § 28-3861 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter III - Consumer Security Freeze|§ 28-3861. Definitions

For the purposes of this subchapter, the term: (1) “Consumer” means an individual who resides in the District of Columbia. (2) “Credit report” means information maintained by a credit reporting agency bearing on a consumer’s creditworthiness, credit standing, credit capacity, character, general reputation, personal characteristics, or mode of living, which is used or expected to be used or collected in whole or in part for: (A) Serving as a factor in establishing the consumer’s eligibility for credit or insurance to be used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes; (B) Employment purposes; or (C) Any other purpose authorized under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, approved October 26, 1970 (84 Stat. 1127; 15 U.S.C. § 1681b). (3) “Credit reporting agency” means any person who, for consideration, dues, or on a cooperative nonprofit basis, regularly engages in whole or in part in the practice of maintaining consumers’ credit information for the purpose of furnishing the information to third parties. (4) “Proper identification” means information generally considered sufficient to identify a person. Additional information concerning the consumer’s employment and personal or family history shall not be included within the term “proper identification” unless the consumer is unable to reasonably identify himself or herself with other information generally considered sufficient. (5) “Security freeze” or “freeze” means a restriction, at the request of the consumer and subject to certain exceptions, that prohibits the credit reporting agency from releasing all or any part of a credit report or any information derived from it without the express authorization of the consumer.  (Mar. 8, 2007, D.C. Law 16-238, § 2(b), 54 DCR 397.)  Editor's Notes Section 4 of D.C. Law 16-238 provided: “This act shall apply as of July 1, 2007.”
DC Code § 28-3863 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter III - Consumer Security Freeze|§ 28-3863. Notice of rights

Each time a credit reporting agency provides a consumer with a copy of the consumer’s credit report under section 609 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, approved October 26, 1970 (84 Stat. 1131; 15 U.S.C. § 1681g ), the credit reporting agency shall include the following notice with the credit report:  District of Columbia Consumers Have the Right to Obtain a Security Freeze District of Columbia law gives you the right to place a “security freeze” on your credit report. A security freeze restricts when a credit reporting agency may release information in your credit report without your express authorization or approval. A security freeze is designed to help prevent credit, loans, and services from being approved in your name without your consent. To obtain a security freeze, you should contact each credit reporting agency. When you place a security freeze on your credit report, the credit reporting agency will send you a personal identification number or password to use if you later choose to lift the freeze from your credit report, or to authorize the release of your credit report to a specific party or parties, or for a specific period of time after the freeze is in place. To provide that authorization, you must contact the credit reporting agency and provide all of the following: 1. The unique personal identification number or password provided by the credit reporting agency. 2. Verification of your identity. 3. Information regarding who may receive the credit report or the period of time for which the report shall be made available. Upon receiving your proper request to lift temporarily a freeze from your credit report, the credit reporting agency shall comply within 3 business days. Beginning September 1, 2008, the credit reporting agency is required to provide methods, including web-based and telephonic methods, for you to request that the freeze be temporarily lifted within 15 minutes. A security freeze does not apply when you have an existing account relationship and a copy of your report is requested by your existing creditor or its agents or affiliates for certain types of account review, collection, fraud control or similar activities. If you are actively seeking credit, the procedures involved in lifting a security freeze may slow your own applications for credit. You should plan ahead and consider lifting a freeze — either completely if you are shopping around, or for a specific creditor before actually applying for new credit. Beginning September 1, 2008, you will be able to have a credit reporting agency temporarily lift a freeze on your credit report within 15 minutes of your request. You have a right to take legal action against someone who violates your rights under the credit reporting laws. The action can be brought against a credit reporting agency or anyone who fraudulently caused the release of your credit information.”.  (Mar. 8, 2007, D.C. Law 16-238, § 2(b), 54 DCR 397.)
DC Code § 28-3864 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter III - Consumer Security Freeze|§ 28-3864. Enforcement

(a) A credit reporting agency that discovers a security breach of credit information in violation of a security freeze shall provide written notice to the affected consumer of the security breach of credit information in accordance with Subchapter II [of this chapter]. (b) If a credit reporting agency willfully violates the security freeze by releasing credit information that has been placed under a security freeze, the affected consumer may bring a civil action against the credit reporting agency for the following: (1) Injunctive relief to prevent or restrain further violation of the security freeze; (2) Actual damages; (3) Punitive damages; and (4) Reasonable attorney’s fees and costs of the action. (c) If a credit reporting agency negligently violates the security freeze by releasing credit information that has been placed under a security freeze, the affected consumer may bring a civil action against the credit reporting agency for the following: (1) Injunctive relief to prevent or restrain further violation of the security freeze; (2) Actual damages; and (3) Reasonable attorney’s fees and costs of the action. (d)(1) The Attorney General may petition the Superior Court of the District of Columbia for temporary or permanent injunctive relief against, and for an award of restitution for property lost or damages suffered by a consumer as a consequence of, a violation of this subchapter by a credit reporting agency, or fraudulent or deceptive conduct that causes the improper release or use of credit information that is subject to a security freeze. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, only the Attorney General shall enforce the requirements under § 28-3862(e)(2). (2) In an action under this section, the Attorney General may recover: (A) A civil penalty not to exceed $1,000 for each violation; and (B) Reasonable attorney’s fees and costs of the action.  (Mar. 8, 2007, D.C. Law 16-238, § 2(b), 54 DCR 397.)  Temporary Legislation  For temporary (225 days) creation of § 28-3871, see § 304 of Coronavirus Support Temporary Amendment Act of 2020 (D.C. Law 23-130, Oct. 9, 2020, 67 DCR 8622).
DC Code § 28-4801.01 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 48 - Principal and Income; Uniform Law|Subchapter I - Definitions and Fiduciary Duties|§ 28-4801.01. Short title

This chapter may be cited as the “Uniform Principal and Income Act”.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-292, § 502(c), 48 DCR 2087.)  Editor's Notes Section 1102 of D.C. Law 13-292 provided: “For purposes of Title 5 and Title 9 and sections 801(b), 805, and 806 of Title 8 of this act, the provisions relating to the administration of decedent’s estates shall apply only to the estates of decedent’s who die on or after the effective date of this act.” Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 101 of the Uniform Principal and Income Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 28-4801.03 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 48 - Principal and Income; Uniform Law|Subchapter I - Definitions and Fiduciary Duties|§ 28-4801.03. Fiduciary duties; general principles

(a) In allocating receipts and disbursements to or between principal and income, and with respect to any matter within the scope of subchapters II and III of this chapter, a fiduciary: (1) Shall administer a trust or estate in accordance with the terms of the trust or the will, even if there is a different provision in this chapter; (2) May administer a trust or estate by the exercise of a discretionary power of administration given to the fiduciary by the terms of the trust or the will, even if the exercise of the power produces a result different from a result required or permitted by this chapter; (3) Shall administer a trust or estate in accordance with this chapter if the terms of the trust or the will do not contain a different provision or do not give the fiduciary a discretionary power of administration; and (4) Shall add a receipt or charge a disbursement to principal to the extent that the terms of the trust and this chapter do not provide a rule for allocating the receipt or disbursement to or between principal and income. (b) In exercising the power to adjust under § 28-4801.04(a) or a discretionary power of administration regarding a matter within the scope of this chapter, whether granted by the terms of a trust, a will, or this chapter, a fiduciary shall administer a trust or estate impartially, based on what is fair and reasonable to all of the beneficiaries, except to the extent that the terms of the trust or the will clearly manifest an intention that the fiduciary shall or may favor one or more of the beneficiaries. A determination in accordance with this chapter is presumed to be fair and reasonable to all of the beneficiaries.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-292, § 502(c), 48 DCR 2087.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 28-4801.04. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 103 of the Uniform Principal and Income Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 28-4802.02 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 48 - Principal and Income; Uniform Law|Subchapter II - Decedent’s Estate or Terminating Income Interest|§ 28-4802.02. Distribution to residuary and remainder beneficiaries

(a) Each beneficiary described in § 28-4802.01(4) is entitled to receive a portion of the net income equal to the beneficiary’s fractional interest in undistributed principal assets, using values as of the distribution date. If a fiduciary makes more than one distribution of assets to beneficiaries to whom this section applies, each beneficiary, including one who does not receive part of the distribution, is entitled, as of each distribution date, to the net income the fiduciary has received after the date of death or terminating event or earlier distribution date but has not distributed as of the current distribution date. (b) In determining a beneficiary’s share of net income, the following rules apply: (1) The beneficiary is entitled to receive a portion of the net income equal to the beneficiary’s fractional interest in the undistributed principal assets immediately before the distribution date, including assets that later may be sold to meet principal obligations. (2) The beneficiary’s fractional interest in the undistributed principal assets must be calculated without regard to property specifically given to a beneficiary and property required to pay pecuniary amounts not in trust. (3) The beneficiary’s fractional interest in the undistributed principal assets must be calculated on the basis of the aggregate value of those assets as of the distribution date without reducing the value by any unpaid principal obligation. (4) The distribution date for purposes of this section may be the date as of which the fiduciary calculates the value of the assets if that date is reasonably near the date on which assets are actually distributed. (c) If a fiduciary does not distribute all of the collected but undistributed net income to each person as of a distribution date, the fiduciary shall maintain appropriate records showing the interest of each beneficiary in that net income. (d) A fiduciary may apply the rules in this section, to the extent that the fiduciary considers it appropriate, to net gain or loss realized after the date of death or terminating event or earlier distribution date from the disposition of a principal asset if this section applies to the income from the asset.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-292, § 502(c), 48 DCR 2087.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 28-4802.01. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 202 of the Uniform Principal and Income Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 28-4803.01 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 48 - Principal and Income; Uniform Law|Subchapter III - Apportionment And End Of Income Interest|§ 28-4803.01. When right to income begins and ends

(a) An income beneficiary is entitled to net income from the date on which the income interest begins. An income interest begins on the date specified in the terms of the trust or, if no date is specified, on the date an asset becomes subject to a trust or successive income interest. (b) An asset becomes subject to a trust: (1) On the date it is transferred to the trust in the case of an asset that is transferred to a trust during the transferor’s life; (2) On the date of a testator’s death in the case of an asset that becomes subject to a trust by reason of a will, even if there is an intervening period of administration of the testator’s estate; or (3) On the date of an individual’s death in the case of an asset that is transferred to a fiduciary by a third party because of the individual’s death. (c) An asset becomes subject to a successive income interest on the day after the preceding income interest ends, as determined under subsection (d) of this section, even if there is an intervening period of administration to wind up the preceding income interest. (d) An income interest ends on the day before an income beneficiary dies or another terminating event occurs, or on the last day of a period during which there is no beneficiary to whom a trustee may distribute income.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-292, § 502(c), 48 DCR 2087.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 301 of the Uniform Principal and Income Act (1997 Act).