reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MT Code § 33-1-1509 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 1. Administration and General Provisions|Part 15. Insurance Fraud Penalties|33-1-1509. License offenses

  33-1-1509. License offenses. (1) A person commits the offense of conducting an insurance transaction without a license when the person purposely or knowingly solicits, negotiates, or sells insurance, as defined in 33-1-201, without first obtaining a license to conduct insurance transactions from the commissioner of insurance pursuant to Title 33.   (2) Except as provided in subsection (1), a person commits the offense of operating without a required license when the person purposely or knowingly engages in the acts of an insurance adjuster, insurance consultant, public adjuster, or temporary insurance producer, as those acts are set out in 33-17-102, 33-17-103, 33-17-216, and 33-17-1502, without first obtaining a license from the commissioner of insurance pursuant to Title 33.   (3) A corporation or other entity commits the offenses stated in this section when:   (a) a director, officer, servant, employee, or other person who is authorized to act on behalf of the entity commits the prohibited acts; or   (b) a manager or similarly empowered agent of the entity authorizes, requests, or commands the commission of the prohibited acts.   (4) A person convicted of a license offense shall be fined an amount not to exceed $50,000 or be imprisoned in the state prison for a term not to exceed 10 years, or both.   History: En. Sec. 9, Ch. 396, L. 2017.
MT Code § 33-1-1510 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 1. Administration and General Provisions|Part 15. Insurance Fraud Penalties|33-1-1510. Surplus lines insurance offenses

  33-1-1510. Surplus lines insurance offenses. (1) A person commits the offense of surplus lines offense if the person knowingly or negligently:   (a) issues or delivers a false policy or cover note or certification of insurance, as those documents are described in 33-2-308, related to the terms of a surplus lines insurance policy; or   (b) fails to notify an insured of a material change in the coverage described in 33-2-308 in writing within 30 days of any material change in the insurance coverage.   (2) A person convicted of a surplus lines insurance offense shall be fined not less than $50 or more than $1,000 or be imprisoned in the county detention center for not less than 30 days or more than 90 days, or both.   History: En. Sec. 10, Ch. 396, L. 2017.
MT Code § 33-1-1511 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 1. Administration and General Provisions|Part 15. Insurance Fraud Penalties|33-1-1511. Failure or refusal to cooperate with commissioner

  33-1-1511. Failure or refusal to cooperate with commissioner. (1) A person commits the offense of failure or refusal to cooperate with the insurance commissioner when the person purposely or knowingly fails or refuses to cooperate with the commissioner during a dissolution, liquidation, rehabilitation, sequestration, conservation, or receivership of any insurer or an investigation of such matters described in Title 33, chapter 2, part 13.   (2) A corporation or other entity commits the offense of failure or refusal to cooperate with the insurance commissioner when:   (a) a director, officer, servant, employee, or other person who is authorized to act on behalf of the entity purposely or knowingly fails or refuses to cooperate with the commissioner during a dissolution, liquidation, rehabilitation, sequestration, conservation, or receivership of any insurer or an investigation of such matters described in Title 33, chapter 2, part 13; or   (b) a manager or similarly empowered agent of the entity purposely or knowingly authorizes, requests, or commands the failure or refusal to cooperate with the commissioner during a dissolution, liquidation, rehabilitation, sequestration, conservation, or receivership of any insurer or an investigation of such matters described in Title 33, chapter 2, part 13.   (3) For purposes of this section, cooperation includes but is not limited to:   (a) responding in writing within 60 days to any written inquiry from the commissioner requesting a response;   (b) making available to the commissioner any information in the insurer's possession, custody, or control, regardless of the form in which the information exists; or   (c) engaging in the necessary procedures related to dissolution, liquidation, rehabilitation, sequestration, conservation, or receivership of an insurer.   (4) A person or entity convicted of failure or refusal to cooperate with the insurance commissioner shall be fined an amount not to exceed $10,000 or be imprisoned in a county detention facility for a term not to exceed 1 year, or both.   History: En. Sec. 11, Ch. 396, L. 2017.
MT Code § 33-1-1512 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 1. Administration and General Provisions|Part 15. Insurance Fraud Penalties|33-1-1512. Records and assets offenses

  33-1-1512. Records and assets offenses. (1) A person commits the offense of unlawful removal or unlawful concealment of records or assets when, with the purpose to prevent the commissioner from fulfilling the duties set out in Title 33, the person purposely or knowingly removes from this state the records or assets required by 33-3-401 of a domestic insurer as defined in 33-1-201.   (2) A corporation or other entity commits the offense of unlawful removal or unlawful concealment of records or assets when, with the purpose to prevent the commissioner from fulfilling the duties set out in Title 33:   (a) a director, officer, servant, employee, or other person who is authorized to act on behalf of the entity purposely or knowingly removes from this state or conceals the records or assets required by 33-3-401 of a domestic insurer as defined in 33-1-201; or   (b) a manager or similarly empowered agent of the entity purposely or knowingly authorizes, requests, or commands the removal from this state or concealment of the records or assets required by 33-3-401 of a domestic insurer as defined in 33-1-201.   (3) A person or entity convicted of the unlawful removal or unlawful concealment of records or assets shall be fined an amount not to exceed $10,000 or be imprisoned in the state prison for a term not to exceed 5 years, or both.   History: En. Sec. 12, Ch. 396, L. 2017.
MT Code § 33-2-101 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-101. Certificate of authority required

  33-2-101. Certificate of authority required. (1) Except as expressly otherwise provided in this code, a person acting as an insurer and an insurer transacting insurance in this state must have a subsisting certificate of authority issued by the commissioner.   (2) An insurer that has or maintains in Montana any office, representative, or facility for the solicitation or servicing of any kind of insurance in any other state must be authorized to transact the same kind of insurance in this state.   History: En. Sec. 46, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2801; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 562, L. 2005; amd. Sec. 18, Ch. 396, L. 2017.
MT Code § 33-2-102 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-102. Exceptions to certificate of authority requirement

  33-2-102. Exceptions to certificate of authority requirement. A certificate of authority shall not be required of an insurer, not otherwise authorized in this state, as to the following transactions:   (1) transactions relative to its policies lawfully written in Montana or liquidation of assets and liabilities of the insurer (other than collection of new premiums), all as resulting from its former authorized operations in Montana;   (2) transactions relative thereto subsequent to issuance of a policy covering only subjects of insurance not resident, located, or expressly to be performed in Montana at time of issuance, and which coverage was lawfully solicited, written, and delivered outside Montana;   (3) transactions pursuant to surplus lines coverages lawfully written pursuant to part 3 of this chapter;   (4) reinsurance, except as to domestic reinsurers.   History: En. Sec. 47, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2802.
MT Code § 33-2-103 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-103. Admission for investment only

  33-2-103. Admission for investment only. A foreign insurer may transact business in this state without certificate of authority for the purpose and to the extent only of investing its funds in Montana real estate or in securities secured thereby by complying with the applicable laws of this state other than this code. Such an insurer shall not be subject to any other provision of this code.   History: En. Sec. 48, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2803.
MT Code § 33-2-104 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-104. Representing or aiding unauthorized insurer prohibited

  33-2-104. Representing or aiding unauthorized insurer prohibited. (1) A person may not directly or indirectly act as insurance producer in this state for, or otherwise represent or aid on behalf of another, any insurer not authorized to transact insurance in this state in the solicitation, negotiation, or effectuation of insurance or of annuity contracts, inspection of risks, fixing of rates, investigation or adjustment of losses, collection of premiums, or any other transaction of insurance with respect to subjects of insurance resident, located or to be performed in this state.   (2) This section does not apply to:   (a) acceptance of service of process by the commissioner under 33-1-613; or   (b) surplus lines insurance and other transactions for which a certificate of authority is not required of an insurer as stated in 33-2-102.   History: En. Sec. 176, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-3401; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 713, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 562, L. 2005; amd. Sec. 19, Ch. 396, L. 2017; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 62, L. 2019.
MT Code § 33-2-105 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-105. Suits by unauthorized insurers prohibited

  33-2-105. Suits by unauthorized insurers prohibited. Except as to transactions permitted under 33-2-102, no unauthorized insurer shall institute or file or cause to be instituted or filed any suit, action, or proceeding in this state to enforce any right, claim, or demand arising out of any insurance transaction in this state until such insurer has obtained a certificate of authority to transact such insurance in this state.   History: En. Sec. 177, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-3402; amd. Sec. 8, Ch. 198, L. 1979.
MT Code § 33-2-106 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-106. General eligibility of insurers

  33-2-106. General eligibility of insurers. (1) To qualify for and hold authority to transact insurance in this state, an insurer must be otherwise in compliance with this code and with its charter powers and must be an incorporated stock insurer, an incorporated mutual insurer, or a reciprocal insurer, all of the same general type as may hereafter be formed as a domestic insurer under this code.   (2) No foreign insurer shall be authorized to transact insurance in Montana which does not maintain reserves as required by part 5 of this chapter applicable to the kind or kinds of insurance transacted by such insurer, wherever transacted in the United States, or which transacts business anywhere in the United States on the assessment plan, stipulated premium plan, or any similar plan.   (3) No foreign insurer which is directly or indirectly owned or controlled in whole or in substantial part by any government or governmental agency shall be authorized to transact insurance in Montana unless it was so owned and first so authorized prior to January 1, 1957. Membership or subscribership in a mutual or reciprocal insurer by virtue of being a policyholder thereof, ownership of stock or other security which does not have voting rights with respect to the management of the insurer, or supervision of an insurer by public authority shall not be deemed to be an ownership or control of the insurer for the purposes of this provision.   History: En. Sec. 49, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2804.
MT Code § 33-2-107 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-107. Name -- dissimilar

  33-2-107. Name -- dissimilar. (1) No insurer shall be authorized to transact insurance in this state which has or uses a name so similar to that of another insurer already so authorized as likely to mislead the public.   (2) No life insurer shall be authorized which has or uses a name deceptively similar to that of another insurer authorized to transact insurance in this state within the preceding 10 years if life insurance policies originally issued by such other insurer are still outstanding in this state.   (3) No insurer shall be so authorized which has or uses a name which tends to deceive or mislead as to the type of organization of the insurer.   (4) In case of conflict of names between two insurers or a conflict otherwise prohibited under the foregoing subsections of this section, the commissioner may permit or require the more recently authorized insurer to use in Montana such supplementation or modification of its name or such business name as may reasonably be necessary to avoid such conflict.   History: En. Sec. 50, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2805.
MT Code § 33-2-108 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-108. Combinations of insuring powers

  33-2-108. Combinations of insuring powers. (1) Except as provided in subsections (2), (3), and (4) and 33-25-213, an insurer which otherwise qualifies therefor may be authorized to transact any one kind or combination of kinds of insurance as defined in 33-1-205 through 33-1-212.   (2) A life insurer may also grant annuities but shall not be authorized to transact any other kind of insurance other than disability, except that if the insurer is otherwise qualified therefor, the commissioner shall continue to so authorize any life insurer which, immediately prior to January 1, 1961, was lawfully authorized to transact in this state a kind or kinds of insurance in addition to life and disability.   (3) A reciprocal insurer shall not transact life insurance.   (4) A title insurer shall be a stock insurer.   History: En. Sec. 51, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2806; amd. Sec. 16, Ch. 519, L. 1985.
MT Code § 33-2-109 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-109. Capital or surplus funds required

  33-2-109. Capital or surplus funds required. (1) To qualify for authority to transact any one kind of insurance, as defined in 33-1-205 through 33-1-212, or combinations of kinds of insurance as shown below, an insurer shall possess and maintain unimpaired paid-in capital stock, if a stock insurer, or surplus, if a mutual or foreign reciprocal insurer, in an amount not less than is applicable under the schedules below and shall possess when first authorized to transact insurance any additional funds as surplus as required under 33-2-110:   (a) Kind or kindsMinimum capital or   of insurancesurplus required   Life  $200,000   Disability  200,000   Life and disability  300,000   Credit life and disability   50,000   Property  400,000   Marine  400,000   Casualty    All lines, except workers' compensation  400,000    All lines, including workers' compensation  600,000   Surety  500,000   Title  200,000   Multiple lines, two or more of property, marine,    casualty, or surety  800,000   (b) For insurers licensed on or after October 1, 1999:   Kind or kinds Minimum capital or   of insurance surplus required   Life  $600,000   Disability  500,000   Life and disability  750,000   Credit life and disability  150,000   Property  500,000   Marine  500,000   Casualty    All lines, except workers' compensation  500,000    All lines, including workers' compensation  750,000   Surety  500,000   Title  500,000   Multiple lines, two or more of property, marine,    casualty, or surety  1,000,000   (2) Surplus requirements for qualification to transact one or more kinds of insurance for domestic mutual insurers are governed by Title 33, chapter 3, and surplus requirements for domestic reciprocal insurers are governed by Title 33, chapter 5.   (3) Capital and surplus requirements must be based upon all the kinds of insurance actually transacted or to be transacted by the insurer in any areas in which it operates, whether or not only a portion of the kinds are to be transacted in this state.   (4) A life insurer may also grant annuities without additional capital or additional surplus.   (5) For a credit life and disability insurer that is not a resident domestic insurer as defined in 33-1-201 and 33-1-202, the capital or surplus required by this section is an amount equal to four times the minimum capital or surplus required for credit life and disability pursuant to subsection (1).   History: En. Sec. 52, Ch. 286, L. 1959; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 319, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2807(part); amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 303, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 202, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 12, Ch. 472, L. 1999.
MT Code § 33-2-110 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-110. Special surplus required

  33-2-110. Special surplus required. In addition to the minimum paid-in capital stock (stock insurers) or minimum surplus (mutual and reciprocal insurers) required by 33-2-109, special surplus shall be possessed by insurers as follows:   (1) All stock insurers and mutual and foreign reciprocal insurers which have actively transacted insurance in their state of domicile as an authorized insurer for less than 5 years or, if an alien insurer, have transacted insurance as an authorized insurer in at least one state of the United States for less than 5 years when first authorized to transact insurance in this state shall have a surplus or additional surplus equal to not less than 100% of the paid-in capital stock (if a stock insurer) or surplus (if a mutual or foreign reciprocal) otherwise required under 33-2-109 for the kinds of insurance to be transacted.   (2) Insurers that have actively transacted insurance as authorized insurers in one or more states of the United States for more than 5 years shall possess, when first authorized in this state, surplus or additional surplus equal to not less than 50% of the paid-in capital stock (if a stock insurer) or surplus (if a mutual or foreign reciprocal insurer) otherwise required under 33-2-109.   (3) Insurers authorized to transact multiple lines of insurance in this state shall at all times have and maintain surplus of not less than $100,000, in addition to the capital (if a stock insurer) or surplus (if a mutual or foreign reciprocal insurer) required by 33-2-109. The amount of such surplus shall be included within the surplus required of newly authorized insurers pursuant to subsections (1) and (2) of this section.   History: En. Sec. 53, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2808; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 303, L. 1981.
MT Code § 33-2-111 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-111. Deposit requirement

  33-2-111. Deposit requirement. (1) An insurer may not be authorized to transact insurance in this state unless it makes and maintains in trust in this state through the commissioner for the protection of all its policyholders or of all its policyholders and creditors a deposit of cash or securities eligible for deposit under 33-2-603 in an amount not less than the minimum paid-in capital stock, if a stock insurer, or minimum surplus, if a mutual or reciprocal insurer, other than special surplus, required to be maintained for authority to transact the kinds of insurance to be transacted, except as to:   (a) title insurers, the deposit must be in the amount of $100,000;   (b) foreign insurers, in lieu of the deposit or part of the deposit in this state, the commissioner shall accept the certificate in proper form of the public official having supervision over insurers in any other state to the effect that a like deposit or part of a deposit by the insurer is being maintained in public custody in that state in trust for the purpose, among other reasonable purposes of protection of policyholders or creditors, or both, of the protection of all its policyholders or creditors, or both, in Montana;   (c) alien insurers, in lieu of the deposit or part of the deposit in this state, the commissioner shall accept evidence satisfactory to the commissioner that the insurer maintains within the United States by way of trust deposits with public depositaries or in trust institutions approved by the commissioner assets available for discharge of its United States insurance obligations. The assets must be in an amount not less than the outstanding liabilities of the insurer arising out of its insurance transactions in the United States, together with the larger of the following sums:   (i) the largest deposit required by this code to be made by foreign insurers transacting like kinds of insurance; or   (ii) $300,000.   (2) Deposits of foreign or alien insurers in another state must be in cash or securities, or both, of substantially the same quality as those eligible for deposit in this state under 33-2-603.   (3) Deposits of reserves by domestic life insurers must be made as provided in 33-2-416.   (4) Deposits made in this state are subject to the provisions of part 6 of this chapter.   History: En. Sec. 54, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2809; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 238, L. 1979; amd. Sec. 1070, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 33-2-112 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-112. Management qualifications and affiliations

  33-2-112. Management qualifications and affiliations. The commissioner may not grant or continue authority to transact insurance in this state as to any insurer the principal management personnel of which is found by the commissioner to be untrustworthy or not of good character or so lacking in insurance company managerial experience as to make the proposed operation hazardous to the insurance-buying public or to its stockholders or that the commissioner has good reason to believe is affiliated directly or indirectly through ownership, control, management, reinsurance transactions, or other insurance or business relations with any person or persons whose business operations, to the detriment of insurers, stockholders, or creditors, are or have been marked by manipulation of assets, accounts, or reinsurance or by bad faith.   History: En. Sec. 55, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-2810; amd. Sec. 1071, Ch. 56, L. 2009.
MT Code § 33-2-113 (2021)
2021 Montana Code Annotated|Title 33. Insurance and Insurance Companies|Chapter 2. Regulation of Insurance Companies|Part 1. Authorization of Insurers|33-2-113. and 33-2-114 reserved

  33-2-113 and 33-2-114 reserved.