reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-302 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 3 - Execution of Documents|Section 1-302 - Alternative to Acknowledgment and Verification

    (a)    Any requirement in this article that a document be acknowledged or verified under oath is satisfied if the document or a signed certificate attached to and made a part of it contains a statement to the effect:        (1)    Either:            (i)    That the individual signing the document acknowledges it to be his act; or            (ii)    If signed for a corporation or other entity, that the individual signing the document acknowledges it to be the act of that entity;        (2)    In the case of articles of incorporation, that the incorporator acknowledges the articles to be his act; and        (3)    As to all other matters or facts required to be verified under oath, that, to the best of the knowledge, information, and belief of the individual signing the document, these matters and facts are true in all material respects, and that the statement is made under the penalties for perjury.    (b)    If the procedures provided in this section are used:        (1)    The statement of acknowledgment has the same legal effect as an acknowledgment made before a person authorized to take acknowledgments; and        (2)    The person making a statement required to be verified under oath is subject to the penalties for perjury to the same extent as if the statement had been verified under oath.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-303 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 3 - Execution of Documents|Section 1-303 - Corporate Acknowledgments

    (a)    A corporation may acknowledge by its appointed attorney any document required by law to be acknowledged, and the appointment may be in the document.    (b)    The document may be acknowledged by the president or a vice president of the corporation without any appointment.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-304 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 3 - Execution of Documents|Section 1-304 - Affixing Corporate Seal

    (a)    If any corporation is required to place its corporate seal to a document, it is sufficient to meet the requirements of any law of this State relating to a corporate seal to place the word “(seal)” adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to sign the document on behalf of the corporation.    (b)    If a Maryland corporation is required to place its corporate seal to a document, it is sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule, or regulation relating to a corporate seal to place the word “(seal)” adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to sign the document on behalf of the corporation.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-401 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 4 - Miscellaneous|Section 1-401 - Service of Process and Notice

    (a)    Service of process on the resident agent of a corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or real estate investment trust, or any other person constitutes effective service of process under the Maryland Rules on the corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or real estate investment trust, or other person in any action, suit, or proceeding which is pending, filed, or instituted against it under the provisions of this article.    (b)    (1)    Any notice required by law to be served by personal service on a resident agent or other agent or officer of any Maryland or foreign corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or real estate investment trust required by statute to have a resident agent in this State may be served on the corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or real estate investment trust in the manner provided by the Maryland Rules relating to the service of process on corporations.        (2)    Service under the Maryland Rules is equivalent to personal service on a resident agent or other agent or officer of a corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or real estate investment trust mentioned in paragraph (1) of this subsection.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-402 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 4 - Miscellaneous|Section 1-402 - Financial Accounts of Maryland Corporation Presumed Proper

    A determination required or permitted to be made under any provision of this article relating to stated capital, surplus, capital surplus, earned surplus, or any other account or matter relating to the financial position or results of operations of a Maryland corporation is prima facie proper and in accordance with this article if:         (1)    Specific provisions of this article do not require otherwise; and        (2)    It is made in good faith in accordance with generally accepted accounting practices and principles.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-403 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 4 - Miscellaneous|Section 1-403 - Defense of Ultra Vires

    (a)    Unless a lack of power or capacity is asserted in a proceeding described in this section, an act of a corporation or a transfer of real or personal property by or to the corporation is not invalid or unenforceable solely because the corporation lacked the power or capacity to take the action.    (b)    (1)    Lack of corporate power or capacity may be asserted by a stockholder in a proceeding to enjoin the corporation from doing an act or from transferring or acquiring real or personal property.        (2)    If the act or transfer sought to be enjoined is based on a contract to which the corporation is a party and if all parties to the contract are parties to the proceeding, the court may set the contract aside and enjoin its performance.        (3)    The court may award compensatory damages to any party to the contract who suffers a loss because of the action of the court. However, the court may not award compensatory damages for loss of anticipated profits to be derived from performance of the contract.    (c)    Lack of corporate power or capacity may be asserted by the corporation in a suit brought in its name by the corporation or its receiver, trustee, other legal representative, or in a representative suit brought by a stockholder against its present or former officers or directors.    (d)    Lack of corporate power or capacity may be asserted by the Attorney General in a proceeding for the forfeiture of the charter of the corporation or to enjoin it from transacting unauthorized business.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-404 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 4 - Miscellaneous|Section 1-404 - Improper Use of Corporate Indication

    (a)    Any person who owns, operates, or directs an unincorporated organization, firm, association, or other entity which includes in its name the word “corporation”, “incorporated”, or, except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, “limited” or an abbreviation of any of these words or which holds itself out to the public as a corporation is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $500.    (b)    This section does not prohibit:        (1)    A limited partnership from using the term “limited partnership” in its name;        (2)    A limited liability company from using the terms “limited liability company” or “L.L.C.” in its name; or        (3)    A limited liability partnership from using the terms “limited liability partnership” or “L.L.P.” in its name.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-406 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 4 - Miscellaneous|Section 1-406 - Trade Names

    (a)    Any person engaged in any mercantile, trading, or manufacturing business as an agent or doing business or trading under any designation, title, or name other than the person’s own name, prior to commencing operation of the business, shall file with the Department of Assessments and Taxation a certificate:        (1)    In writing;        (2)    Affirmed or acknowledged under oath; and        (3)    Disclosing:            (i)    The true and correct names and addresses of the principal or owner of the business;            (ii)    The character and location of the business; and            (iii)    The name, title, or designation under which the business is conducted.    (b)    The name, title, or designation under which a business is conducted shall be recorded with the Department as provided in Subtitle 5 of this title.    (c)    The information required in subsection (a) of this section shall be filed in the manner that the Department requires by regulation.    (d)    (1)    The Department of Assessments and Taxation shall maintain a public record, to be known as the “agency record”.        (2)    The agency record shall record all certificates filed in accordance with this section, and the certificates shall be properly indexed.    (e)    The Department of Assessments and Taxation shall charge and receive a fee of:        (1)    $25 for recording the certificates under this section; and        (2)    $25 for each amendment, cancellation, or renewal of a certificate.    (f)    (1)    A certificate filed under this section is effective for a period of 5 years from the date the certificate is filed.        (2)    Every 5 years following the year in which a certificate is filed or renewed, a person who has filed or renewed a certificate under this section may renew the certificate by filing, within 6 months before the end of the 5-year period, an application for renewal in the manner that the Department requires by regulation.        (3)    A renewal application extends the certificate for 5 years from the end of the previous 5-year period.    (g)    This section does not apply to any person who has filed a certificate similar to the certificate required under this section with the Department of Assessments and Taxation before July 1, 1991.    (h)    A person that willfully and knowingly executes and files a false certificate under subsection (a) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000 or imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or both.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-501 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-501 - "Entity" Defined

    In this subtitle, “entity” includes:         (1)    A corporation;        (2)    A limited liability company;        (3)    A limited liability partnership;        (4)    A limited partnership;        (5)    A limited liability limited partnership;        (6)    A professional corporation;        (7)    A trade name filer; and        (8)    A business trust.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-502 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-502 - Requirements

    (a)    (1)    The name of a corporation must include one of the following words or an abbreviation of one of the following words:            (i)    “Company”, if it is not preceded by the word “and” or a symbol for the word “and”;            (ii)    “Corporation”;            (iii)    “Incorporated”; or            (iv)    “Limited”.        (2)    If a corporation is a benefit corporation, the name of the benefit corporation must include:            (i)    The words “benefit corporation”;            (ii)    “Benefit Corp.”;            (iii)    The words “benefit company”, if not preceded by the word “and” or a symbol for the word “and”; or            (iv)    “Benefit Co.”, if not preceded by the word “and” or a symbol for the word “and”.    (b)    (1)    The name of a limited liability company must include:            (i)    The words “limited liability company”;            (ii)    “L.L.C.”;            (iii)    “LLC”;            (iv)    “L.C.”; or            (v)    “LC”.        (2)    If a limited liability company is a benefit limited liability company, the name of the benefit limited liability company must include:            (i)    The words “benefit limited liability company”;            (ii)    “Benefit L.L.C.”;            (iii)    “Benefit LLC”;            (iv)    “Benefit L.C.”; or            (v)    “Benefit LC”.    (c)    The name of a limited liability partnership must include:        (1)    The words “limited liability partnership”;        (2)    “L.L.P.”; or        (3)    “LLP”.    (d)    The name of a limited partnership must include:        (1)    The words “limited partnership”;        (2)    “L.P.”; or        (3)    “LP”.    (e)    The name of a limited liability limited partnership must include:        (1)    The words “limited liability limited partnership”;        (2)    “L.L.L.P.”; or        (3)    “LLLP”.    (f)    (1)    The corporate name of a professional corporation must include:            (i)    The word “chartered”;            (ii)    The abbreviation “chtd.”;            (iii)    The words “professional association”;            (iv)    The abbreviation “P.A.”;            (v)    The words “professional corporation”; or            (vi)    The abbreviation “P.C.”.        (2)    A professional corporation need not use any word specified under paragraph (1) of this subsection if:            (i)    The corporation has registered the name to be used in the manner provided in § 1–406 of this title; and            (ii)    The name is the same as its corporate name except for the allowable omissions.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-503 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-503 - Prohibited Language in Names

    (a)    An entity name may not contain language stating or implying that the entity is organized for a purpose other than that allowed by the entity’s:        (1)    Articles of incorporation, if the entity is a corporation;        (2)    Articles of organization, if the entity is a limited liability company;        (3)    Certificate of limited liability partnership, if the entity is a limited liability partnership;        (4)    Certificate of limited partnership, if the entity is a limited partnership; or        (5)    Articles of incorporation, if the entity is a professional corporation.    (b)    The name of a limited partnership may not contain the name of a limited partner unless:        (1)    It is also the name of a general partner; or        (2)    The business of the limited partnership had been carried on under the name before the admission of that limited partner.    (c)    Except for words specified in § 1-502(f) of this subtitle, the name of a professional corporation may not use any other word, abbreviation, affix, or prefix that indicates it is a corporation.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-504 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-504 - Name to Be Distinguishable

    An entity name must be distinguishable upon the records of the Department from:         (1)    The entity name of an entity organized or authorized to transact business in the State;        (2)    An entity name reserved or registered under this subtitle; and        (3)    The disclosed assumed name adopted by a foreign entity authorized to transact business in this State.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-505 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-505 - Exclusive Use of Name

    (a)    (1)    A person may reserve the exclusive use of an entity name, including a disclosed assumed name for a foreign entity whose entity name is not available, by delivering an application to the Department for filing.        (2)    The application must set forth the name and address of the applicant and the entity name proposed to be reserved.        (3)    If the Department finds that the entity name applied for is available, the Department shall reserve the name for the applicant’s exclusive use for a 30-day period.    (b)    (1)    The owner of a reserved entity name may transfer the reservation to another person by delivering to the Department a signed notice of the transfer that states the name and address of the transferee.        (2)    The transferee under this subsection:            (i)    Has the exclusive use of the reserved entity name for a 30-day period starting from the date of the owner’s signed notice of the transfer provided under paragraph (1) of this subsection; and            (ii)    May not transfer the reserved entity name to another person.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-506 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-506 - Foreign Entities

    (a)    A foreign entity may register its entity name or its entity name with any changes required by § 1-502 or § 1-503 of this subtitle, if the name is distinguishable upon the records of the Department as provided in § 1-504 of this subtitle.    (b)    A foreign entity shall register its entity name by delivering to the Department for filing an application setting forth its entity name, or its entity name with any changes required by § 1-502 or § 1-503 of this subtitle, the state or country and date of its organization, and a brief description of the nature of the business in which it is engaged.    (c)    The name is registered for the applicant’s exclusive use upon the effective date of the application.    (d)    (1)    A foreign corporation whose registration is effective may renew it for successive years by delivering to the Department for filing a renewal application, which complies with the requirements of subsection (b) of this section, between October 1 and December 31 of the preceding year.        (2)    The renewal application when filed renews the registration for the following calendar year.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-507 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-507 - Grandfather Clause

    An entity name that was recorded, registered, or reserved prior to October 1, 1998, may continue to be used even if the name does not comply with the requirements of this subtitle.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  1-508 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 1 - General Provisions|Subtitle 5 - Entity Names|Section 1-508 - Regulations

    The Department may adopt regulations necessary to implement this subtitle.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  2-101 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 2 - Corporations in General -- Formation, Organization, and Operation|Subtitle 1 - Formation and Powers|Section 2-101 - Purpose for Which Corporation May Be Formed; Application of Other Statutes

    (a)    Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, a corporation may be formed under this title for any lawful purposes.    (b)    If the purpose for which a corporation is organized or its form makes it subject to a special provision of law, the corporation also shall comply with that provision.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  2-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 2 - Corporations in General -- Formation, Organization, and Operation|Subtitle 1 - Formation and Powers|Section 2-102 - Formation Generally

    (a)    Except as provided elsewhere in this section, in order to form a corporation, one or more adult individuals acting as incorporators shall:        (1)    Sign and acknowledge articles of incorporation; and        (2)    File them for record with the Department.    (b)    (1)    A proposed corporation becomes a body corporate under the name and subject to the purposes, conditions, and provisions stated in the articles of incorporation, effective as of the later of:            (i)    The time the Department accepts the articles for record; or            (ii)    The time established under the articles, not later than 30 days after the Department accepts the articles for record.        (2)    Except in a proceeding by the State for forfeiture of a corporation’s charter, acceptance of the articles for record by the Department is conclusive evidence of the formation of the corporation.        (3)    (i)    The Department may not accept articles of incorporation from a fire or rescue organization to be located in Frederick County for the purpose of providing fire or rescue service in Frederick County unless the articles are accompanied by a written resolution of the governing body of Frederick County indicating approval of the proposed incorporation.            (ii)    Incorporated municipalities in Frederick County with primary responsibility for governmental funding for fire service shall within their jurisdiction hold those powers assigned to the governing body of Frederick County in this paragraph.
MD. Corporations and Associations Code Ann. §  2-106 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Corporations and Associations|Title 2 - Corporations in General -- Formation, Organization, and Operation|Subtitle 1 - Formation and Powers|Section 2-106 - Corporate Name

    (a)    A corporation shall record its name with the Department as provided in Title 1, Subtitle 5 of this article.    (b)    The Department may permit a foreign corporation that has a name prohibited by Title 1, Subtitle 5 of this article to register or qualify to do business in this State, if the foreign corporation agrees:        (1)    To transact business in this State only under a disclosed assumed name that meets the requirements of Title 1, Subtitle 5 of this article; and        (2)    To use the assumed name in all of its dealings with the Department and the conduct of its affairs in this State.