reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 3.2-703 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-703. Authority to quarantine

The Board may quarantine the Commonwealth or any portion thereof when it determines that such action is necessary to prevent or retard the spread of a pest into, within, or from the Commonwealth. Before a quarantine is adopted, the Board shall, after due public notice, hold a public hearing in accordance with the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.), at which hearing any interested party may appear and be heard either in person or by attorney. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2.2-4002 or any other law to the contrary, the Commissioner may impose a temporary quarantine for a period not to exceed 90 days. A public hearing, as provided herein, shall be held if it appears that a quarantine for more than the 90-day period will be necessary to prevent or retard the spread of the pest. The Commissioner shall give notice of the establishment of the quarantine in a newspaper having general circulation in the area affected by the quarantine. The Commissioner may limit the application of the temporary or permanent quarantine to the infested area and appropriate environs, to be known as the regulated areas, and may without further hearing extend or reduce the regulated area upon publication of a notice to that effect in a newspaper having general circulation in the area affected by the quarantine or by direct written notice to those concerned. Any temporary quarantine imposed by the Commissioner or any extensions or reductions in the regulated areas pursuant to this section shall be reviewed by the Board at its next regularly scheduled meeting, such review by the Board shall be made within 90 days of the Commissioner's action.Following establishment of a quarantine, no person shall move any regulated article described in the quarantine or move the pest against which the quarantine is established, within, from, into, or through the Commonwealth contrary to regulations.The regulations may restrict the movement of the pest and any regulated articles from the regulated area in the Commonwealth into or through other parts of the Commonwealth or other states and from the regulated area in other states into or through the Commonwealth and shall impose such inspection, disinfection, certification, or permit and other requirements as the Commissioner deems necessary to effectuate the purposes of this article. The Commissioner may issue administrative instructions relating to the enforcement of regulations including acceptable certification procedures, regulated articles, and exemptions.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.23; 1980, c. 291; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-704 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-704. Quarantine against regulated articles in other states

When the Board has good reason to believe in the existence of infested regulated articles in localities in other states, territories, or countries, or that conditions exist that, in the judgment of the Board, render the importation of such regulated articles from such localities a menace to the health of the Commonwealth, the Board shall, by proclamation, prohibit the importation of any regulated article from any locality of other states, territories, or countries, into the Commonwealth.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.24; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-705 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-705. Authority for abatement and other emergency measures; compensation to property owners

Whenever the Commissioner finds any article that is infested or reasonably believed to be infested or a host or pest exists on any property or is in transit in the Commonwealth, he may require full information as to origin, number and destination of same and, upon giving notice to the owner or his agent in possession thereof, seize, quarantine, treat, or otherwise dispose of such pest, host, or article in such manner as the Commissioner deems necessary to suppress, control, eradicate, prevent, or retard the spread of a pest; or the Commissioner may order such owner or agent to so treat or otherwise dispose of the pest, host, or article. The owner of any property destroyed or ordered to be treated or otherwise disposed of under this section may, in an action against the Commonwealth in the appropriate court, recover just compensation for any property so destroyed or the reasonable costs of disposal of any property so ordered if he establishes that the property was not a pest, or a host, or an infested article.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.25; 1980, c. 291; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-706 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-706. Authority for inspections; warrants

To effectuate the purpose of this article, the Commissioner may, with a warrant or with the consent of the owner, make reasonable inspections of any property in the Commonwealth and may, without a warrant, stop and inspect, in a reasonable manner, any means of conveyance moving within the Commonwealth, upon probable cause that it contains or carries any pest, host, or other regulated article subject to this article, and may make any other reasonable inspection of any property or means of conveyance for which, under the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the Commonwealth, no warrant is required.In accordance with § 19.2-52, the appropriate persons have authority to issue warrants for such inspections upon a showing by the Commissioner that there is probable cause to believe that there exists in or on the property to be inspected a pest, host, or other regulated article subject to this article.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.26; 1980, c. 291; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-707 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-707. Cooperation with other agencies and private organizations

When the Commissioner deems it necessary to suppress, control, eradicate, prevent, or retard the spread of any pest, he may cooperate with:1. Any agency of the federal government, and may expend state funds on federal lands;2. Any agency of an adjacent state if the use of funds appropriated to carry out this article for operations in an adjacent are approved in advance by the Governor or his designee;3. Any agency of a local government within the Commonwealth; and4. Any public and private organizations within the Commonwealth.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.27; 1990, c. 370; 2000, c. 730; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-708 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-708. Cooperative Suppression Program Fund established

The Cooperative Suppression Program Fund is hereby established as a special fund on the books of the State Comptroller, and all moneys credited to such fund are hereby appropriated for the purpose set forth in the Department's Gypsy Moth Cooperative Suppression Program Guidelines and shall be used exclusively for the administration of the Cooperative Suppression Program. Moneys for such fund may be derived from appropriations from the general fund of the state treasury; grants of private or government money designated for specified activities pursuant to the Suppression Program; fees for services rendered pursuant to the Suppression Program; payment for products, equipment, or material or any other thing supplied by the Commissioner; payment for educational publications, materials or supplies provided by the Commissioner, and grants, bequests and donations. All funds collected for, appropriated, or received by the Commissioner shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the Gypsy Moth Cooperative Suppression Program Fund. No part of such fund shall revert to the general fund of the state treasury.1990, c. 370, § 3.1-188.27:1; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-709 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-709. Authority for compensation to growers in infested areas

The Commissioner, when he determines that it is necessary to fulfill the objectives of this article, may authorize the payment of reasonable compensation to growers in infested areas for eliminating or not planting host crops, or otherwise controlling the target pest, pursuant to instructions issued by the Commissioner or for losses or expenses resulting from the destruction of any host or regulated articles. No payment shall be authorized for the destruction of regulated articles moved in violation of any regulation or any hosts planted contrary to instructions issued by the Commissioner.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.28; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-710 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-710. Penalties

A. Any person who violates any of the provisions of this article, or who alters, forges, or counterfeits, or uses without authority any certificate or permit or other document provided for in this article or in the regulations of the Board adopted hereunder is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.B. Any person who has knowingly moved any regulated article into the Commonwealth from any quarantined area of any other state, which regulated article has not been treated or handled under provisions of the quarantine and regulations in effect at the point of origin, is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.29; 1980, c. 291; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-711 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-711. Costs of administration; reimbursements to Commonwealth

Costs of administering this law shall be borne by the Commonwealth. The costs for services, products, or articles that the Commissioner determines are beyond the reasonable scope of the law, shall be paid by the persons affected to the State Treasurer. The Commissioner shall cause all reimbursements to be promptly credited to the State fund from which expended, regardless of the date the costs were incurred or collected.1975, c. 29, § 3.1-188.30; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-712 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-712. Permit required to sell and transport plant pests

No person shall sell, barter, offer for sale, move, transport, deliver, ship, or offer for shipment into or within the Commonwealth any plant pests in any living stage without first obtaining a permit from the Commissioner. Such permit shall be issued only after it has been determined that the plant pests are not injurious, are generally present already, or are for scientific purposes subject to specified safeguards.Code 1950, § 3-178.14; 1964, c. 476; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-188.31:1; 1980, c. 291; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-713 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 7 - Tree and Crop Pests|§ 3.2-713. Judicial review

Judicial review of any action of the Board or the Commissioner shall be in accordance with the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.).1980, c. 291, § 3.1-188.31:2; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-800 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-800. Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:"Certificate" means a document issued or authorized by the Commissioner indicating that a regulated article is not contaminated with a noxious weed."Infested" means the establishment of a noxious weed or exposure to such weed, which would be reasonable cause to believe that establishment could occur."Move" means to ship, offer for shipment, receive for transportation, carry, or otherwise transport, move, or allow to be moved."Noxious weed" means any living plant, or part thereof, declared by the Board through regulations under this chapter to be detrimental to crops, surface waters, including lakes, or other desirable plants, livestock, land, or other property, or to be injurious to public health, the environment, or the economy, except when in-state production of such living plant, or part thereof, is commercially viable or such living plant is commercially propagated in Virginia."Permit" means a document issued or authorized by the Commissioner to provide for movement of regulated articles to restricted destinations for limited handling, utilization, processing, or for scientific purposes."Person" means the term as defined in § 1-230. The term also means any society."Quarantine" means a legal declaration by the Board that specifies: (i) the noxious weed; (ii) the articles to be regulated; (iii) conditions governing movement; and (iv) exemptions."Regulated article" means any article of any character as described in this chapter or in the quarantine carrying or capable of carrying a noxious weed against which this chapter or the quarantine is directed.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.12; 1996, c. 266; 2008, c. 860; 2016, c. 171.
VA Code § 3.2-801 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-801. Powers and duties of Commissioner

The Commissioner shall exercise or perform the powers and duties imposed upon him by this chapter. The Commissioner shall make surveys for noxious weeds and when the Commissioner determines that an infestation exists within the Commonwealth, he may request the Board to declare the weed to be noxious under this chapter and the Board shall proceed as specified in § 3.2-802.The Commissioner in coordination with the Department of Wildlife Resources shall develop a plan for the identification and control of noxious weeds in the surface waters and lakes of the Commonwealth.The Commissioner may cooperate with any person or any agency of the federal government in carrying out the provisions of this chapter.Expenses incurred on property owned or controlled by the federal government shall be reimbursed and refunded to the appropriation from which they were expended.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.13; 1996, c. 266; 2008, c. 860; 2015, cc. 158, 180; 2020, c. 958.
VA Code § 3.2-802 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-802. Powers and duties of Board; quarantine

A. The Board shall establish by regulation, after a public hearing, those weeds deemed to be noxious weeds not otherwise so declared by the terms of this chapter. Prior to designating a living plant or part thereof as a noxious weed, the Board shall review the recommendations of an advisory committee established by the Commissioner to conduct a scientific risk assessment of the proposed plant. The assessment shall include the degree to which the plant is detrimental to crops; surface waters, including lakes; other desirable plants; livestock; land or other property; public health; the environment; and the economy. The advisory committee shall also include in its recommendations to the Board an analysis of the current and potential in-state commercial viability of the specific plant species and the economic impact on industries affected by the designation of the plant as a noxious weed.B. The Board may establish a statewide quarantine and adopt regulations pertaining to regulated articles and conditions governing movement, under which the Commissioner shall proceed to eradicate or suppress and prevent the dissemination of noxious weeds in the Commonwealth, and shall adopt other regulations as are necessary to carry out the purpose of this chapter. The Board may adopt regulations governing the movement of regulated articles entering the Commonwealth from without. Following the establishment of a quarantine, no person shall move any noxious weed or any regulated article described in the quarantine from any regulated area without a valid permit or certificate.Subsequent to the declaration of a quarantine by the Board, the Commissioner shall limit the application of the regulations pertinent to such quarantine to the infested portion of the Commonwealth and appropriate environs, which would be known as the regulated area and may, without further hearing, extend the regulated area to include additional portions of the Commonwealth upon publication of a notice to that effect in a newspaper distributed in the extended area or by direct written notice to those concerned.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.14; 2008, c. 860; 2016, c. 171.
VA Code § 3.2-803 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-803. Cost of controlling noxious weeds

The cost of controlling or eradicating noxious weeds on all property owned or controlled by a State department or political subdivision thereof or control authority, agency, commission, or board, including highways, roadways, streets, alleys, and rights-of-way, shall be paid by the entity out of funds appropriated for its use. When it is not feasible for the entity to conduct the control program, the Commissioner may proceed with the control and the entity shall reimburse the cost and these moneys shall be refunded to the appropriation from which they were expended.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.15; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-804 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-804. Prohibited acts; noxious weeds

No person shall violate any provisions of this chapter or any regulation adopted hereunder. No person shall move, transport, deliver, ship, or offer for shipment into or within the Commonwealth any noxious weed, or part thereof, without first obtaining a permit from the Commissioner. Such permit shall be issued only after it has been determined that the noxious weed is generally present already or it is for scientific purposes subject to prescribed safeguards.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.16; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-805 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-805. Authority to stop sale or delivery of noxious weeds

The Commissioner, in order to prevent the introduction or dissemination of noxious weeds, may stop delivery, stop sale, seize, destroy, treat, or order returned to the point of origin, at the owner's expense, any noxious weed, article, or substance whatsoever, if transported or moved within the Commonwealth, or if existing on any premises, or brought into the Commonwealth from any place outside thereof, if such is found by him to be infested with any noxious weed subject to the provisions of this chapter.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.17; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-806 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-806. Access to plants or plant products; state and local police cooperation upon request

The Commissioner shall have access to plants or plant products or any other article or substance suspected of being infested with a noxious weed for inspection and shall be provided with full information as to origin and destination of same by the person in possession of any plants or other articles.State and local police, upon request in specific instances, shall cooperate with the Commissioner in the enforcement of this chapter. This chapter shall supersede any ordinances in the Commonwealth insofar as carrying out its intent.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.19; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-807 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-807. Inspection of premises and conveyances

To effectuate the purpose of this chapter, the Commissioner may make reasonable inspections of any premises in the Commonwealth and any property therein or thereon and may stop and inspect in a reasonable manner any means of conveyance moving within the Commonwealth when there is probable cause to believe it maintains or carries any noxious weed subject to the provisions of this chapter.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.20; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-808 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-808. Injunctions

The Commissioner or landowner affected may apply to any appropriate court for an injunction and such court may grant a temporary or permanent injunction restraining a person from violating or continuing the violation of any provision of this chapter, or the Commissioner from the enforcement of any provision of this chapter, when the court determines that the testimony and evidence presented warrants such action, without reference to adequacy of any remedy existing at law.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.21; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-809 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 8 - Noxious Weeds|§ 3.2-809. Penalty for violation

Any person who fails to comply with the provisions of this chapter or the regulations adopted hereunder is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.1970, c. 175, § 3.1-296.18; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-900 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 9 - Nuisance Birds|§ 3.2-900. Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:"Nuisance birds" means blackbirds, red-winged blackbirds, grackles, cowbirds, pigeons, and starlings, or any other species so declared by regulations of the Board when causing or about to cause economic losses in the Commonwealth; becoming detrimental to the public health and welfare; defacing or defiling public or private property or otherwise creating a public nuisance."Person" means the term as defined in § 1-230. The term also means any society.1968, c. 64, § 3.1-1012; 2008, c. 860.
VA Code § 3.2-901 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food|Chapter 9 - Nuisance Birds|§ 3.2-901. Powers and duties of Commissioner

A. The Commissioner shall conduct investigations and surveys to determine economic losses or public nuisances caused by nuisance birds and may develop a plan of action when he has determined that they are causing or about to cause economic losses in the Commonwealth, are detrimental to the public health and welfare, or otherwise create a public nuisance.B. The Commissioner may provide technical assistance to persons for the suppression of any nuisance birds when it has been determined that they are defacing or defiling public or private property.C. The Commissioner may appoint an advisory committee to evaluate facts in any particular situation and to make recommendations to him on the course of action. Plan of action programs shall be selected and executed so as to protect human life, other birds, and wildlife.D. The Commissioner may upon receipt of a complaint of a nuisance bird problem from an individual property owner, tenant, or sharecropper, make an investigation and determine the degree of assistance required. If after such investigation the Commissioner finds suppression necessary, he shall recommend acceptable means and methods.E. The Commissioner may provide assistance and cooperate with federal agencies, other state agencies, other states, political subdivisions of the Commonwealth, public and private agencies, organizations, institutions, and persons in the exercise of the duties imposed upon him by this chapter. Any plan of action conducted by the Commissioner under the provisions of this chapter shall be consistent with other applicable state and federal laws. Money accepted from any cooperator or person shall be deposited to a special nuisance bird fund to be expended in the enforcement of this chapter.1968, c. 64, §§ 3.1-1013, 3.1-1014, 3.1-1015, 3.1-1019; 2008, c. 860.