reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
LA Civ Code art. 1939 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1939. Acceptance by performance

When an offeror invites an offeree to accept by performance and, according to usage or the nature or the terms of the contract, it is contemplated that the performance will be completed if commenced, a contract is formed when the offeree begins the requested performance. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1940 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1940. Acceptance only by completed performance

When, according to usage or the nature of the contract, or its own terms, an offer made to a particular offeree can be accepted only by rendering a completed performance, the offeror cannot revoke the offer, once the offeree has begun to perform, for the reasonable time necessary to complete the performance. The offeree, however, is not bound to complete the performance he has begun. The offeror's duty of performance is conditional on completion or tender of the requested performance. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1941 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1941. Notice of commencement of performance

When commencement of the performance either constitutes acceptance or makes the offer irrevocable, the offeree must give prompt notice of that commencement unless the offeror knows or should know that the offeree has begun to perform. An offeree who fails to give the notice is liable for damages. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1942 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1942. Acceptance by silence

When, because of special circumstances, the offeree's silence leads the offeror reasonably to believe that a contract has been formed, the offer is deemed accepted. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1943 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1943. Acceptance not in accordance with offer

An acceptance not in accordance with the terms of the offer is deemed to be a counteroffer. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1944 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1944. Offer of reward made to the public

An offer of a reward made to the public is binding upon the offeror even if the one who performs the requested act does not know of the offer. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1945 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1945. Revocation of an offer of reward made to the public

An offer of reward made to the public may be revoked before completion of the requested act, provided the revocation is made by the same or an equally effective means as the offer. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1946 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1946. Performance by several persons

Unless otherwise stipulated in the offer made to the public, or otherwise implied from the nature of the act, when several persons have performed the requested act, the reward belongs to the first one giving notice of his completion of performance to the offeror. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1947 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1947. Form contemplated by parties

When, in the absence of a legal requirement, the parties have contemplated a certain form, it is presumed that they do not intend to be bound until the contract is executed in that form. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1948 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1948. Vitiated consent

Consent may be vitiated by error, fraud, or duress. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1949 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1949. Error vitiates consent

Error vitiates consent only when it concerns a cause without which the obligation would not have been incurred and that cause was known or should have been known to the other party. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1950 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1950. Error that concerns cause

Error may concern a cause when it bears on the nature of the contract, or the thing that is the contractual object or a substantial quality of that thing, or the person or the qualities of the other party, or the law, or any other circumstance that the parties regarded, or should in good faith have regarded, as a cause of the obligation. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1951 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1951. Other party willing to perform

A party may not avail himself of his error if the other party is willing to perform the contract as intended by the party in error. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1952 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1952. Rescission; liability for damages

A party who obtains rescission on grounds of his own error is liable for the loss thereby sustained by the other party unless the latter knew or should have known of the error. The court may refuse rescission when the effective protection of the other party's interest requires that the contract be upheld. In that case, a reasonable compensation for the loss he has sustained may be granted to the party to whom rescission is refused. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1953 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1953. Fraud may result from misrepresentation or from silence

Fraud is a misrepresentation or a suppression of the truth made with the intention either to obtain an unjust advantage for one party or to cause a loss or inconvenience to the other. Fraud may also result from silence or inaction. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1954 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1954. Confidence between the parties

Fraud does not vitiate consent when the party against whom the fraud was directed could have ascertained the truth without difficulty, inconvenience, or special skill. This exception does not apply when a relation of confidence has reasonably induced a party to rely on the other's assertions or representations. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1955 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1955. Error induced by fraud

Error induced by fraud need not concern the cause of the obligation to vitiate consent, but it must concern a circumstance that has substantially influenced that consent. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1956 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1956. Fraud committed by a third person

Fraud committed by a third person vitiates the consent of a contracting party if the other party knew or should have known of the fraud. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1957 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1957. Proof

Fraud need only be proved by a preponderance of the evidence and may be established by circumstantial evidence. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1958 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1958. Damages

The party against whom rescission is granted because of fraud is liable for damages and attorney fees. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1959 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1959. Nature

Consent is vitiated when it has been obtained by duress of such a nature as to cause a reasonable fear of unjust and considerable injury to a party's person, property, or reputation. Age, health, disposition, and other personal circumstances of a party must be taken into account in determining reasonableness of the fear. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1960 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1960. Duress directed against third persons

Duress vitiates consent also when the threatened injury is directed against the spouse, an ascendant, or descendant of the contracting party. If the threatened injury is directed against other persons, the granting of relief is left to the discretion of the court. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1961 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1961. Duress by third person

Consent is vitiated even when duress has been exerted by a third person. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1962 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1962. Threat of exercising a right

A threat of doing a lawful act or a threat of exercising a right does not constitute duress. A threat of doing an act that is lawful in appearance only may constitute duress. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1963 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1963. Contract with party in good faith

A contract made with a third person to secure the means of preventing threatened injury may not be rescinded for duress if that person is in good faith and not in collusion with the party exerting duress. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1964 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1964. Damages

When rescission is granted because of duress exerted or known by a party to the contract, the other party may recover damages and attorney fees. When rescission is granted because of duress exerted by a third person, the parties to the contract who are innocent of the duress may recover damages and attorney fees from the third person. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1965 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1965. Lesion

A contract may be annulled on grounds of lesion only in those cases provided by law. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1966 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1966. No obligation without cause

An obligation cannot exist without a lawful cause. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1967 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1967. Cause defined; detrimental reliance

Cause is the reason why a party obligates himself. A party may be obligated by a promise when he knew or should have known that the promise would induce the other party to rely on it to his detriment and the other party was reasonable in so relying. Recovery may be limited to the expenses incurred or the damages suffered as a result of the promisee's reliance on the promise. Reliance on a gratuitous promise made without required formalities is not reasonable. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1968 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1968. Unlawful cause

  The cause of an obligation is unlawful when the enforcement of the obligation would produce a result prohibited by law or against public policy.  Examples of obligations with unlawful causes include those that arise from gaming, gambling, and wagering not authorized by law.  Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985; Acts 2019, No. 106, §1.
LA Civ Code art. 1969 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1969. Cause not expressed

An obligation may be valid even though its cause is not expressed. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1970 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1970. Untrue expression of cause

When the expression of a cause in a contractual obligation is untrue, the obligation is still effective if a valid cause can be shown. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1971 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1971. Freedom of parties

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1972 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1972. Possible or impossible object

A contractual object is possible or impossible according to its own nature and not according to the parties' ability to perform. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1973 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1973. Object determined as to kind

The object of a contract must be determined at least as to its kind. The quantity of a contractual object may be undetermined, provided it is determinable. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1974 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1974. Determination by third person

If the determination of the quantity of the object has been left to the discretion of a third person, the quantity of an object is determinable. If the parties fail to name a person, or if the person named is unable or unwilling to make the determination, the quantity may be determined by the court. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1975 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1975. Output or requirements

The quantity of a contractual object may be determined by the output of one party or the requirements of the other. In such a case, output or requirements must be measured in good faith. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1976 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1976. Future things

Future things may be the object of a contract. The succession of a living person may not be the object of a contract other than an antenuptial agreement. Such a succession may not be renounced. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1977 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1977. Obligation or performance by a third person

The object of a contract may be that a third person will incur an obligation or render a performance. The party who promised that obligation or performance is liable for damages if the third person does not bind himself or does not perform. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1978 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1978. Stipulation for a third party

A contracting party may stipulate a benefit for a third person called a third party beneficiary. Once the third party has manifested his intention to avail himself of the benefit, the parties may not dissolve the contract by mutual consent without the beneficiary's agreement. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1979 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1979. Revocation

The stipulation may be revoked only by the stipulator and only before the third party has manifested his intention of availing himself of the benefit. If the promisor has an interest in performing, however, the stipulation may not be revoked without his consent. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1980 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1980. Revocation or refusal

In case of revocation or refusal of the stipulation, the promisor shall render performance to the stipulator. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1981 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1981. Rights of beneficiary and stipulator

The stipulation gives the third party beneficiary the right to demand performance from the promisor. Also the stipulator, for the benefit of the third party, may demand performance from the promisor. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1982 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1982. Defenses of the promisor

The promisor may raise against the beneficiary such defenses based on the contract as he may have raised against the stipulator. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1983 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1983. Law for the parties; performance in good faith

Contracts have the effect of law for the parties and may be dissolved only through the consent of the parties or on grounds provided by law. Contracts must be performed in good faith. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1984 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1984. Rights and obligations will pass to successors

Rights and obligations arising from a contract are heritable and assignable unless the law, the terms of the contract or its nature preclude such effects. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1985 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1985. Effects for third parties

Contracts may produce effects for third parties only when provided by law. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1986 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1986. Right of the obligee

Upon an obligor's failure to perform an obligation to deliver a thing, or not to do an act, or to execute an instrument, the court shall grant specific performance plus damages for delay if the obligee so demands. If specific performance is impracticable, the court may allow damages to the obligee. Upon a failure to perform an obligation that has another object, such as an obligation to do, the granting of specific performance is at the discretion of the court. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1987 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1987. Right to restrain obligor

The obligor may be restrained from doing anything in violation of an obligation not to do. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1988 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1988. Judgment may stand for act

A failure to perform an obligation to execute an instrument gives the obligee the right to a judgment that shall stand for the act. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1989 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1989. Damages for delay

Damages for delay in the performance of an obligation are owed from the time the obligor is put in default. Other damages are owed from the time the obligor has failed to perform. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1990 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1990. Obligor put in default by arrival of term

When a term for the performance of an obligation is either fixed, or is clearly determinable by the circumstances, the obligor is put in default by the mere arrival of that term. In other cases, the obligor must be put in default by the obligee, but not before performance is due. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1991 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1991. Manners of putting in default

An obligee may put the obligor in default by a written request of performance, or by an oral request of performance made before two witnesses, or by filing suit for performance, or by a specific provision of the contract. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1992 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1992. Risk devolves upon the obligor

If an obligee bears the risk of the thing that is the object of the performance, the risk devolves upon the obligor who has been put in default for failure to deliver that thing. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1993 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1993. Reciprocal obligations

In case of reciprocal obligations, the obligor of one may not be put in default unless the obligor of the other has performed or is ready to perform his own obligation. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1994 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1994. Obligor liable for failure to perform

An obligor is liable for the damages caused by his failure to perform a conventional obligation. A failure to perform results from nonperformance, defective performance, or delay in performance. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1995 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1995. Measure of damages

Damages are measured by the loss sustained by the obligee and the profit of which he has been deprived. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1996 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1996. Obligor in good faith

An obligor in good faith is liable only for the damages that were foreseeable at the time the contract was made. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1997 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1997. Obligor in bad faith

An obligor in bad faith is liable for all the damages, foreseeable or not, that are a direct consequence of his failure to perform. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1998 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1998. Damages for nonpecuniary loss

Damages for nonpecuniary loss may be recovered when the contract, because of its nature, is intended to gratify a nonpecuniary interest and, because of the circumstances surrounding the formation or the nonperformance of the contract, the obligor knew, or should have known, that his failure to perform would cause that kind of loss. Regardless of the nature of the contract, these damages may be recovered also when the obligor intended, through his failure, to aggrieve the feelings of the obligee. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 1999 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 1999. Assessment of damages left to the court

When damages are insusceptible of precise measurement, much discretion shall be left to the court for the reasonable assessment of these damages. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 2000 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2000. Damages for delay measured by interest; no need of proof; attorney fees

When the object of the performance is a sum of money, damages for delay in performance are measured by the interest on that sum from the time it is due, at the rate agreed by the parties or, in the absence of agreement, at the rate of legal interest as fixed by R.S. 9:3500. The obligee may recover these damages without having to prove any loss, and whatever loss he may have suffered he can recover no more. If the parties, by written contract, have expressly agreed that the obligor shall also be liable for the obligee's attorney fees in a fixed or determinable amount, the obligee is entitled to that amount as well. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985; Acts 1985, No. 137, §1, eff. July 3, 1985; Acts 1987, No. 883, §1; Acts 2004, No. 743, §3, eff. Jan. 1, 2005. NOTE: SEE ACTS 1985, NO. 137, §2.
LA Civ Code art. 2001 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2001. Interest on interest

Interest on accrued interest may be recovered as damages only when it is added to the principal by a new agreement of the parties made after the interest has accrued. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 2002 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2002. Reasonable efforts to mitigate damages

An obligee must make reasonable efforts to mitigate the damage caused by the obligor's failure to perform. When an obligee fails to make these efforts, the obligor may demand that the damages be accordingly reduced. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 2003 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2003. Obligee in bad faith

An obligee may not recover damages when his own bad faith has caused the obligor's failure to perform or when, at the time of the contract, he has concealed from the obligor facts that he knew or should have known would cause a failure. If the obligee's negligence contributes to the obligor's failure to perform, the damages are reduced in proportion to that negligence. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 2004 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2004. Clause that excludes or limits liability

Any clause is null that, in advance, excludes or limits the liability of one party for intentional or gross fault that causes damage to the other party. Any clause is null that, in advance, excludes or limits the liability of one party for causing physical injury to the other party. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 2005 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2005. Secondary obligation

Parties may stipulate the damages to be recovered in case of nonperformance, defective performance, or delay in performance of an obligation. That stipulation gives rise to a secondary obligation for the purpose of enforcing the principal one. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.
LA Civ Code art. 2006 (2021)
2021 Louisiana Laws|Civil Code|Art. 2006. Nullity of the principal obligation

Nullity of the principal obligation renders the stipulated damages clause null. Nullity of the stipulated damages clause does not render the principal obligation null. Acts 1984, No. 331, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1985.