reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NY Town L § 281 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 16 - Zoning and Planning 281 - Municipal Improvements in Streets.

§  281.  Municipal improvements in streets. No public municipal street   utility or improvement shall be constructed by the town in any street or   highway within  that  part  of  the  town  outside  the  limits  of  any   incorporated  city  or  village  until  it has become a public street or   highway and is duly placed  on  the  official  map  or  plan,  provided,   however,  that subject to the discretion of the town board, a subsurface   utility or improvement operated for revenue by the town or by a  special   district  may be constructed by the town in a private street, provided a   public easement satisfactory to the town  board  is  obtained  for  such   utility or improvement.
NY Town L § 282 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 16 - Zoning and Planning 282 - Court Review.

§  282.  Court  review.  Any  person  or persons, jointly or severally   aggrieved by any decision of the planning board concerning such plat  or   the  changing  of  the  zoning regulations of such land, or any officer,   department, board or bureau of the town, may have the decision  reviewed   by a special term of the supreme court in the manner provided by article   seventy-eight   of  the  civil  practice  law  and  rules  provided  the   proceeding is commenced within thirty  days  after  the  filing  of  the   decision in the office of the town clerk.Commencement  of  the  proceeding  shall  stay  proceedings  upon  the   decision appealed from.If, upon the hearing, it shall appear to the court that  testimony  is   necessary for the proper disposition of the matter, it may take evidence   or  appoint  a referee to take such evidence as it may direct and report   the same to the court with his findings of fact and conclusions of  law,   which  shall  constitute  a  part  of  the  proceedings  upon  which the   determination of the court shall be  made.  The  court  may  reverse  or   affirm,  wholly  or  partly,  or  may modify the decision brought up for   review.Costs shall not be allowed against the planning board, unless it shall   appear to the court that it acted with gross negligence or in bad  faith   or with malice in making the decision appealed from.All  issues in any proceeding under this section shall have preference   over all other civil actions and proceedings.
NY Town L § 283 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 16 - Zoning and Planning 283 - Issuance of Licenses and Permits in Certain Towns.

§  283.  Issuance of licenses and permits in certain towns. If, in any   town of the first class at the time of the enactment  of  this  chapter,   there exists a building department, set up as an adjunct of the planning   board,  all  licenses or permits, whenever and in the manner required by   any building zone ordinance, local law or building code, shall be issued   by said department, and all fees therefor be collected  as  provided  by   the  requirements  of the building zone ordinance, local law or building   code.
NY Town L § 285 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 16 - Zoning and Planning 285 - Separability Clause.

§  285.  Separability clause. If any part or provision of this article   or the application thereof to any person  or  circumstance  be  adjudged   invalid  by  any court of competent jurisdiction, such judgment shall be   confined in its operation to the part, provision or application directly   involved in the controversy in  which  such  judgment  shall  have  been   rendered and shall not affect or impair the validity of the remainder of   this   article   or   the   application  thereof  to  other  persons  or   circumstances and the legislature hereby declares  that  it  would  have   enacted this article or the remainder thereof had the invalidity of such   provision or application thereof been apparent.
NY Town L § 290 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 17 - Cemeteries 290 - Duties of Town Board.

§  290. Duties of town board. The town board shall lay out into burial   lots any burial grounds conveyed to them;  and  within  one  year  after   conveyance  to them they shall cause to be recorded in the office of the   clerk of the county in which they reside a plot or plots of  the  ground   so  laid  out  by  them,  which  shall  clearly  indicate the number and   location of the several lots, which plots shall be  duly  certified  to,   under  the  hands  and  seals  of  the  supervisor  and  town clerk, and   acknowledged  before  an  officer   authorized   to   take   proof   and   acknowledgment of deeds. They shall designate and set aside certain lots   which  shall  be  free  from  the  interment  of the remains of indigent   persons, deceased, and shall sell and convey, by direction of a majority   of the board, under the hands and  seals  of  the  supervisor  and  town   clerk,  burial  lots,  at  such  terms as may be agreed upon between the   parties, and expend the moneys realized from such sale in improving  and   preserving  the particular burial ground from the sale of whose lots the   moneys were received. All moneys realized from the sale of  burial  lots   shall,  upon  the receipt thereof, be paid over to the supervisor of the   town to be retained by him as a separate fund and paid out only  on  the   order of a majority of such town board.
NY Town L § 292 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 17 - Cemeteries 292 - Transfer of Burial Grounds to Cemetery Corporation.

§  292.  Transfer  of burial grounds to cemetery corporation. Any town   may convey and transfer its right, title  and  interest  in  any  burial   grounds  within the limits of and belonging to the town, or belonging to   the town and individual lot owners, to a cemetery corporation authorized   to hold and maintain property within the  town  for  cemetery  purposes,   organized  or to be organized under the membership corporations law. The   deed of conveyance shall be executed by the supervisor, after  the  town   board shall have authorized such conveyance.
NY Town L § 292-A (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 17 - Cemeteries 292-A - Cemetery and Funeral Home Combinations.

§  292-a.  Cemetery  and  funeral home combinations. 1. No town shall, directly or indirectly:  (a) sell, or have, enter into or perform a lease of any  of  its  real property dedicated to cemetery purposes or adjacent thereto to a funeral entity, or use any of its property for location of a funeral entity;  (b) commingle funds used for cemetery purposes with a funeral entity;  (c) direct or carry on its cemetery related business or affairs with a funeral entity;  (d) authorize control of its cemetery related business or affairs by a funeral entity;  (e)  engage in any sale or cross-marketing of goods or services with a funeral entity;  (f) have, enter into or perform a management or service  contract  for cemetery operations with a funeral entity; or  (g)  have, enter into or perform a management contract with any entity other than a not-for-profit or religious  corporation,  or  governmental entity.   2. Only the provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of subdivision one of this  section  shall  apply  to  towns with thirty acres or less of real property dedicated to cemetery purposes, and only to the extent the sale or lease is of real property dedicated to cemetery  purposes,  and  such cemeteries  shall  not  engage  in  the  sale  of  funeral home goods or services, except if such goods and services are otherwise  permitted  to be sold by cemeteries.   3.  For the purposes of this section, "funeral entity" means a person, partnership, corporation, limited liability company  or  other  form  of business  organization  providing  funeral  home  services,  or  owning, controlling,  conducting  or  affiliated  with  a  funeral   home,   any subsidiary  thereof or any officer, director or stockholder having a ten per centum or  greater  proprietary,  beneficial,  equitable  or  credit interest in a funeral home.
NY Town L § 293 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 17 - Cemeteries 293 - Exception.

§  293.  Exception.  All  provisions of the preceding sections of this   article  which  are  inconsistent  with  the   provisions   of   chapter   seventy-six  of  the  laws of eighteen hundred sixty-nine, as amended by   chapter  four  hundred  thirty-two  of  the  laws  of  eighteen  hundred   ninety-nine, shall not apply to Greenfield cemetery in Hempstead, Nassau   county, or to the trustees or management thereof.
NY Town L § 294 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 17 - Cemeteries 294 - Armed Forces' Burial Plot.

§  294.  Armed  forces'  burial plot. 1. The town board in each of the   towns of this state may upon the application in writing of  any  veteran   armed forces' association in the town, or upon a petition of any writing   of  five  or  more  veterans of the armed forces of the United States in   towns where no veteran armed forces  organization  exists,  purchase  or   provide  an armed forces' plot in one or more cemeteries where no burial   plots are now owned by armed forces organizations, in which burial plots   deceased members of the  armed  forces  of  the  United  States  may  be   interred  and,  except in the county of Broome, may also provide for the   annual care of armed forces' burial plots in cemeteries, at the rate  of   not  to  exceed  twenty  dollars for each grave of a member of the armed   forces in such burial plot or plots, and the expense shall  be  included   in  the town expenses, assessed, levied and collected in the same manner   as other town expenses are levied and collected.2. In the county of Broome, the board of supervisors shall provide for   the annual care of armed forces'  burial  plots,  either  heretofore  or   hereafter  established,  in  all  cemeteries in such county, at the rate   aforesaid, and the expense thereof shall be  a  county  charge  audited,   assessed,  levied  and  collected in the same manner as are other county   charges.
NY Town L § 300 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 300 - Apportionment of Division Fence.

§  300.  Apportionment  of division fence. Each owner of two adjoining   tracts of land,  except  when  they  otherwise  agree,  shall  make  and   maintain a just and equitable portion of the division fence between such   lands,  unless  both  of  said adjoining owners shall agree to let their   said lands lie open, along the division line, to the use of all  animals   which  may be lawfully upon the lands of either; provided, however, that   the owner of an adjoining tract of land who does not keep  such  animals   thereon  within  five  years  of the date of the erection or repair of a   division  fence  shall  not  be  obligated  or  liable   for   erecting,   maintaining  or  repairing  such  a  division  fence under this article.   Unless otherwise agreed, an adjoining owner  who  erects  or  repairs  a   division  fence shall be entitled to recover from the owner of the other   adjoining tract,  twenty  percent  of  the  proportionate  cost  thereof   otherwise  ascribable  to such other owner for each year or part thereof   in which the other adjoining tract is regularly used for keeping animals   occurring within five years of the date of such erection or repair. When   the adjoining lands shall  border  upon  any  of  the  navigable  lakes,   streams  or  rivers of the state, the owners of the lands shall make and   maintain the division fence between them down to the line of  low  water   mark, in such lakes, streams or rivers except those lands which overflow   annually so as to be so submerged with water that no permanent fence can   be  kept  thereon, and known as low flat lands; and when adjoining lands   shall be bounded by a line between the banks of  streams  of  water  not   navigable,  and  the  owners  or occupants thereof cannot agree upon the   manner in which the division fence between them shall be maintained, the   fence viewers of the town shall direct upon which bank  of  the  stream,   and  where  the  division  fence shall be located, and the portion to be   kept and maintained by each adjoining owner.
NY Town L § 301 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 301 - Lands Lying Open.

§  301.  Lands  lying  open.  When the owners of adjoining lands shall   choose to let them lie open,  as  provided  in  section  three  hundred,   neither  of  such  owners  shall be liable to the other in any action or   proceeding for any damages done by animals  lawfully  upon  the  other's   premises  going  upon the lands so lying open or upon any other lands of   the owner thereof through such lands so lying open. Either owner of  any   lands  so  lying  open  and adjoining may, unless the agreement is for a   specified period, and after such agreement has expired may then have the   same inclosed, by giving written notice to that effect to the owners  or   occupants of the adjoining lands, whereupon it shall be the duty of both   parties  to  build  and maintain their several proportions of a division   fence.
NY Town L § 302 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 302 - Division Fence on Change of Title.

§  302.  Division  fence on change of title. Whenever a subdivision or   new apportionment of any division fence shall become necessary by reason   of transfer of the title of either of the adjoining owners, to the whole   or any portion of the adjoining lands, by conveyance, devise or descent,   such subdivision or new apportionment shall thereupon  be  made  by  the   adjoining  owners  affected  thereby;  and  either adjoining owner shall   refund to the other a just proportion of the value at the time  of  such   transfer of title of any division fence that shall theretofore have been   made  and  maintained  by such other adjoining owner, or the person from   whom he derived his title, or he shall  build  his  proportion  of  such   division fence. The value of any fence, and the proportion thereof to be   paid  by  any  person,  and  the proportion to be built by him, shall be   determined by any two of the fence viewers  of  the  town,  in  case  of   disagreement.
NY Town L § 303 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 303 - Settlement of Disputes.

§ 303. Settlement of disputes. If disputes arise between the owners of   adjoining  lands,  concerning  the  liability of either party to make or   maintain any division fence, or the proportion or particular part of the   fence to be made or maintained by either of them, such disputes shall be   settled by any two of the fence viewers of the town, one of  whom  shall   be  chosen  by  each  party;  and  if  either neglect, after eight days'   notice, to make such choice, the other party may select both. The  fence   viewers,  in  all  matters  heard by them, shall see that all interested   parties have had  reasonable  notice  thereof,  and  shall  examine  the   premises  and hear the allegations of the parties. If they cannot agree,   they shall select another  fence  viewer  to  act  with  them,  and  the   decision  of  any  two  shall  be  reduced  to  writing,  and  contain a   description of the fence, and the proportion to be maintained  by  each,   and  shall be forthwith filed in the office of the town clerk, and shall   be final upon the parties to such dispute, and all parties holding under   them.
NY Town L § 304 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 304 - Powers of Fence Viewers.

§ 304. Powers of fence viewers. Witnesses may be examined by the fence   viewers  on  all  questions  submitted to them; and either of such fence   viewers may issue subpoenas for witnesses. A subpoena issued under  this   section  shall  be  regulated  by the civil practice law and rules. Each   fence viewer thus employed shall be entitled to  one  dollar  and  fifty   cents  per  diem.  The  party  refusing  or  neglecting to pay the fence   viewers or either of them shall be liable to an action for the same with   costs.
NY Town L § 305 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 305 - Neglect to Make or Repair Division Fence.

§  305. Neglect to make or repair division fence. If any person who is   liable to contribute to the erection or repair of a division fence shall   neglect or refuse to make and maintain his proportion of such fence,  or   shall permit the same to be out of repair, he shall be liable to pay the   party   injured  all  such  damages  as  shall  accrue  thereby,  to  be   ascertained and appraised by any two fence viewers of the town,  and  to   be  recovered  with costs. The appraisement shall be reduced to writing,   and signed by the fence viewers making it. If such  neglect  or  refusal   shall  be continued for the period of one month after request in writing   to make or repair the fence, the party injured may make  or  repair  the   same,  at  the  expense  of  the  party so neglecting or refusing, to be   recovered from him with costs.
NY Town L § 306 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 306 - Fence Destroyed by Accident.

§ 306. Fence destroyed by accident. Whenever a division fence shall be   injured  or  destroyed by floods, or other casualty, the person bound to   make and repair such fence, or any part thereof, shall  make  or  repair   the same, or his just proportion thereof, within ten days after he shall   be  so required by any person interested therein. Such requisition shall   be in writing, and signed by the party  making  it.  If  the  person  so   notified  shall  refuse  or  neglect to make or repair his proportion of   such fence, for the space of ten days  after  such  request,  the  party   injured  may  make  or  repair  the  same at the expense of the party so   refusing or neglecting, to be recovered from him with costs.
NY Town L § 307 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 307 - Damages for Insufficient Fence.

§  307.  Damages  for insufficient fence. Whenever the electors of any   town shall have made any rule or regulation prescribing  what  shall  be   deemed  a  sufficient  division fence in such town, any person who shall   thereafter neglect to keep a fence according to such rule or  regulation   shall  be precluded from recovering compensation for damages done by any   beast lawfully kept upon the adjoining lands that may enter therefrom on   any lands of such person, not fenced in conformity to the said  rule  or   regulation,  through any such defective fence. When the sufficiency of a   fence shall come in question in any action, it shall be presumed to have   been sufficient until the contrary be established.
NY Town L § 308 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 308 - Damages for Omitting to Build Fence.

§  308.  Damages  for omitting to build fence. If any person liable to   contribute to the erection or repair of a division fence  shall  neglect   or  refuse  to  make and maintain his proportion of such fence, or shall   permit the same to be put out of repair, he shall not be allowed to have   and maintain any action for damages incurred  by  beast  coming  thereon   from  adjoining lands, where such beasts are lawfully kept, by reason of   such defective fence, but shall be liable to pay to  the  party  injured   all  damages  that shall accrue to his lands, and the crops, fruit trees   and shrubbery thereon, and fixtures  connected  with  the  land,  to  be   ascertained  and  appraised by any two fence viewers of the town, and to   be recovered, with costs; which appraisement shall be reduced to writing   and signed by the fence viewers making the same, but shall be only prima   facie evidence of the amount of such damages.
NY Town L § 309 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 309 - Use of Barbed or Other Wire for Division Fence.

§ 309. Use of barbed or other wire for division fence. Barbed or other   wire  may  be  used in the construction of any division fence, provided,   that such fence, be built in the following manner:  The fence  shall  be   of  at  least  four  strands of wire with the posts and supports of such   fence, at such distances apart, as the fence viewers  of  the  town  may   prescribe, but the posts thereof shall be no further apart than fourteen   feet;  and  such  fence  shall  be  otherwise  substantially built and a   reasonable sufficient inclosure for holding the particular kind or class   of cattle or animals usually pastured  on  either  side  of  the  fence.   Nothing  contained  in section three hundred seven shall be construed to   authorize the electors of any town to prohibit the use of  wire  fences,   for division fences, if such fences comply with the requirements of this   section.  Whenever  such  fence  shall  become so out of repair as to be   unsafe, it shall be the duty of  the  owner  or  owners  to  immediately   repair the same. But this section shall not be so construed as to permit   railroad  corporations  to use barbed wire in the construction of fences   along their lines contrary to the provisions of section fifty-two of the   railroad law.
NY Town L § 310 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 310 - Lien Upon Strays.

§  310.  Lien  upon strays. Whenever any person shall have any strayed   horses, cattle, sheep, swine or other beast upon his inclosed  land,  or   shall find any such beast on land owned or occupied by him doing damage,   and such beast shall not have come upon such lands from adjoining lands,   where  they  are  lawfully  kept, by reason of his refusal or neglect to   make or maintain a division fence required of him by  law,  such  person   may have a lien with priority over all other liens upon such beasts, for   so  long  as such person shall retain possession of such beasts, for the   damage sustained by reason of their so coming upon his lands  and  doing   damage,  for  his  reasonable charges for keeping them, and all fees and   costs made thereon, and he may  keep  such  beast  until  such  damages,   charges,  fees  and  costs  are  paid,  or such lien is foreclosed, upon   complying with the provisions of this article relating thereto.
NY Town L § 311 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 311 - Notice of Lien to Town Clerk.

§  311.  Notice of lien to town clerk. If such beasts are not redeemed   within five days after coming upon such lands, the  person  entitled  to   such lien shall deliver to the town clerk of the town, within which such   lands or some part thereof shall be, a written notice subscribed by him,   containing  his residence, and a description of the beasts so strayed or   coming upon his lands, as near as may be, and that he claims a  lien  on   such  beasts  for  such damages, charges, fees and costs. The town clerk   shall record the notice in a book to be kept by him  for  that  purpose,   for  which  he shall receive ten cents for each beast, to be paid by the   person delivering the notice. Such books shall always be kept  open  for   inspection, and no fees shall be taken by the clerk therefor.
NY Town L § 312 (2021)
2021 New York Laws TWN - Town Article 18 - Fences, Strays and Pounds 312 - Impounding Strays.

§ 312. Impounding strays. Within six days after such beasts shall have   come upon such lands, such owner or occupant may cause them to be put in   the  nearest  pound  in  the same town, if there be one, there to remain   until they be redeemed, sold or reclaimed according to law. If there  be   no  such  pound, or he elect to keep such beasts, he shall cause them to   be properly fed and cared for until they are redeemed, sold or reclaimed   according to law.