reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 46-8-346 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 12 - Street, Suburban, and Interurban Railroads|§ 46-8-346. Effect of Sale on Corporate Existence, Powers, and Liabilities of Company

 Upon compliance with Code Sections 46-8-344 and 46-8-345, the electric street, suburban, or interurban railroad company shall be authorized to sell or otherwise dispose of its railroad and bus properties and franchises and to continue its corporate existence and the operation of its electric plants and properties for the sale and distribution of electricity for light, heat, and power purposes under its current charter to the date of expiration thereof, with all of the rights, powers, and liabilities which it previously exercised, in such manner as if no sale of such railroad and bus properties and franchises had been made.   (Ga. L. 1945, p. 260, § 3.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 19 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 2081, 2082.   C.J.S.   - 19 C.J.S., Corporations, §§ 651, 652. 74 C.J.S., Railroads, §§ 427, 431.
GA Code § 46-8-347 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 12 - Street, Suburban, and Interurban Railroads|§ 46-8-347. Adoption of Chapter by Railroad Companies

 Any railroad company desiring to adopt this chapter as a part of its charter may so signify by resolution of its board of directors filed with the Secretary of State. The certificate of the Secretary of State that such resolution has been filed with him shall be conclusive evidence of such filing and shall clothe the company with the powers specified in this article.   (Ga. L. 1894, p. 70, § 3; Civil Code 1895, § 2183; Civil Code 1910, § 2613; Code 1933, § 94-1008.)
GA Code § 46-8-348 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 12 - Street, Suburban, and Interurban Railroads|§ 46-8-348. Jurisdiction of Commission Over Interurban Railroads; Applicability of Laws Pertaining to Other Railroad Companies; Existing Contracts Between Municipalities and Railroad Companies; Fares Established by Contract Prior to August 16, 1921

 Nothing in this article shall be construed as depriving the commission of jurisdiction over interurban railroad companies or limiting its powers in any way, but all of the laws of this state which apply to railroads in general, and to street and suburban railroads in particular, shall, as far as applicable or appropriate, apply to interurban railroads, unless interurban railroads are expressly excluded from the provisions of such laws by the terms thereof. The benefits of this article shall extend to all companies incorporated in this state prior to August 19, 1916, with the power to build or operate electric street and suburban railroads and which, as of August 19, 1916, were operating street and suburban railroads partly in an incorporated city and extending through the country to another incorporated city, including those railroads which run between an incorporated city in Georgia and an incorporated city in an adjoining state. Nothing in this article shall be construed to impair any valid, subsisting contract existing as of August 16, 1921, between any municipality and any railroad company or any street or interurban railroad company. Nothing in this article shall operate to repeal any municipal ordinance existing as of August 16, 1921. The commission shall not have the power and authority under this article to increase fares on the lines of such companies which fares have been fixed by contract between such companies and any municipality prior to August 16, 1921.   (Ga. L. 1916, p. 44, § 1; Ga. L. 1921, p. 107, § 1; Code 1933, § 94-1007.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 65 Am. Jur. 2d, Railroads, § 22 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 74 C.J.S., Railroads, § 88.   ALR.    - Power to require railroads or street railways to permit use of tracks in street by other companies, 28 A.L.R. 969.    Power of Public Service Commission with respect to regulation of street railways, 39 A.L.R. 1517.
GA Code § 46-8-360 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 13 - Acts or Attempts Resulting in Insolvency or Judicial Seizure of a Company|§ 46-8-360. Through 46-8-365

 Reserved. Repealed by Ga. L. 2006, p. 699, § 9/SB 285, effective July 1, 2006.   Editor's notes.   - This article was based on Ga. L. 1892, p. 111, §§ 2-6; Penal Code 1895, §§ 686-690; Penal Code 1910, §§ 735-739; Code 1933, §§ 94-9910 - 94-9914; Ga. L. 1984, p. 22, § 46.
GA Code § 46-8-380 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 14 - Miscellaneous Offenses|§ 46-8-380. Intruding on Railroad Tracks

 Any person intruding unlawfully upon the constructed track of a railroad company, contrary to the will of the company, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.   (Laws 1837; Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 850; Code 1863, § 4334; Code 1868, § 4370; Code 1873, § 4437; Ga. L. 1875, p. 26, § 1; Code 1882, § 4437; Penal Code 1895, § 519; Penal Code 1910, § 521; Code 1933, § 94-9908.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 65 Am. Jur. 2d, Railroads, § 74.   C.J.S.   - 75 C.J.S., Railroads, § 1281.
GA Code § 46-8-381 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 14 - Miscellaneous Offenses|§ 46-8-381. Hiding on Train for Purpose of Stealing a Ride

 Any person who rides or attempts to ride on a railroad train of any character and conceals himself from the conductor or train authorities by hiding under the train, or on top of the train, or in box cars, on tenders, or elsewhere, for the purpose of avoiding the payment of fare or of stealing a ride thereon, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.   (Ga. L. 1897, p. 116, §§ 1, 2; Penal Code 1910, § 717; Code 1933, § 18-9912.)
GA Code § 46-8-382 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 8 - Railroad Companies|Article 14 - Miscellaneous Offenses|§ 46-8-382. Neglect or Refusal of Officer, Agent, or Employee of Railroad Company to Make and Furnish Report Required by Commission; Obstructing Commission

 Every officer, agent, or employee of any railroad company who willfully neglects or refuses to make and furnish any report required by the commission, as necessary to the purposes of this title, or who willfully and unlawfully hinders, delays, or obstructs the commission in the discharge of the duties imposed upon it by this title, shall be subject to a penalty of not less than $100.00 nor more than $5,000.00 for each offense, to be recovered in an action in the name of the state.   (Ga. L. 1878-79, p. 125, § 16; Code 1882, § 719p; Civil Code 1895, § 2211; Civil Code 1910, § 2654; Code 1933, § 93-401.)
GA Code § 46-9-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-3. Showings Required by Common Carrier as Prerequisite to Use of Exceptions Under Code Sections 46-9-1 and 46-9-2

 In order for a common carrier to avail himself of the act of God exception under Code Section 46-9-1 or the contractual exception under Code Section 46-9-2, he must establish not only that the act of God or the contractually excepted fact ultimately occasioned the loss but that his own negligence did not contribute thereto.   (Civil Code 1895, § 2265; Civil Code 1910, § 2713; Code 1933, § 18-103.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 13 C.J.S., Carriers, § 76.   ALR.    - Res ipsa loquitur as applicable to injury to passenger in a collision where one of the vehicles is not within carrier's control, 25 A.L.R. 690; 83 A.L.R. 1163; 161 A.L.R. 1113.    Liability of carrier for injury to passenger by car door, 25 A.L.R. 1061; 41 A.L.R. 1089.    Carrier's liability for injury to passenger due to rushing or crowding of passengers, 32 A.L.R. 1315; 155 A.L.R. 634.    Carrier's liability as affected by improper packing or preparation of goods for shipment, 81 A.L.R. 811.   Carrier's liability to passenger injured by landslide, or the like, 34 A.L.R.2d 831.   Liability of carrier to passenger injured by hurling of object through window by a third person, 46 A.L.R.2d 1098.   Liability of air carrier to passenger injured while boarding or alighting, 61 A.L.R.2d 1113.   Shipper's misdescription of goods as affecting carrier's liability for loss or damage, 1 A.L.R.3d 736.   Liability for injury to or death of passenger from accident due to physical condition of carrier's employee, 53 A.L.R.3d 669.   Liability of land carrier to passenger who becomes victim of third party's assault on or about carrier's vehicle or premises, 34 A.L.R.4th 1054.   Liability of land carrier to passenger who becomes victim of another passenger's assault, 43 A.L.R.4th 189.
GA Code § 46-9-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-4. Liability of Common Carrier Corporation for Acts Committed Outside of Scope of Charter

 In all cases where persons are injured or property is damaged by any corporation engaged as a common carrier in the transportation of freight or passengers, or both, either by land or by water, such corporation shall be liable to pay damages to anyone whose person or property may be so injured or damaged, notwithstanding the fact that such corporation was acting outside of the scope of its charter at the time of the injury or damage, if such corporation would be liable for such damages if it had been acting within its chartered powers and authority.   (Ga. L. 1884-85, p. 136, § 1; Civil Code 1895, § 2277; Civil Code 1910, § 2728; Code 1933, § 18-105.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 13 C.J.S., Carriers, §§ 71, 418, 419.   ALR.    - Liability of carrier for injury to own passenger on its line through negligence of another carrier permitted to use its tracks, 74 A.L.R. 1178.    Losses beyond insured's own route or line as within coverage of carrier's insurance, 99 A.L.R. 283.    Changed conditions as affecting duty, or enforcement of duty, as to train service or maintenance of stations imposed upon railroad by charter or statute, 111 A.L.R. 57.    Liability or indemnity policy issued to common carrier as covering vehicle while not immediately in use in regular carrier service, 141 A.L.R. 628.    Territorial coverage of motor carrier's public liability policy required by statute or ordinance as coextensive with area of authorized operation, 154 A.L.R. 520.    Initial carrier's liability as that of carrier or of warehouseman in respect of goods while in its warehouse awaiting delivery to connecting carrier, 172 A.L.R. 802.   Liability of motorbus carrier to passenger injured through fall while alighting at place other than regular bus stop, 7 A.L.R.4th 1031.
GA Code § 46-9-5 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-5. Limitation of Actions by Common Carriers for Recovery of Charges

 All actions at law by common carriers operating in this state for the recovery of their charges or any part thereof, where such charges have accrued in connection with intrastate shipments, shall be initiated within three years after the time the cause of action accrues, and not thereafter.   (Ga. L. 1933, p. 191, § 1; Code 1933, § 18-601; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 46.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "Statutes of Limitation: Counterproductive Complexities," see 37 Mercer L. Rev. 1 (1985).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Preemption by federal Interstate Commerce Act.    - While the federal Interstate Commerce Act did not preempt a motor carrier's state law actions against a shipping broker for breach of contract and recovery on an open account, the state law statute of limitations for those actions found in O.C.G.A. §§ 46-9-5,9-3-25 were preempted by the 18-month statute of limitations in 49 U.S.C. § 14705(a); therefore, the carrier's action, filed five days after the 18-month time limit had expired, was untimely. Exel Transp. Servs. v. Sigma Vita, Inc., 288 Ga. App. 527, 654 S.E.2d 665 (2007).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Expiration of period prescribed by bill of lading or statute for shipper's claim or action against carrier as affecting his right to avail himself of claim by recoupment in carrier's action against himself or claim by recoupment of carrier's action against him, 140 A.L.R. 816.
GA Code § 46-9-6 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-6. Limitation of Actions Against Carriers for Recovery of Overcharges; Requirements Regarding Rates, Charges, and Claims for Loss or Damage

 Reserved. Repealed by Ga. L. 2012, p. 580, § 17/HB 865, effective July 1, 2012.   Editor's notes.   - This Code section was based on Ga. L. 1933, p. 191, § 2; Code 1933, § 18-602; Ga. L. 1984, p. 22, § 46; Ga. L. 1985, p. 149, § 46; Ga. L. 1996, p. 950, § 5.
GA Code § 46-9-7 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-7. Time of Accrual of Actions Under Code Section 46-9-5

 For the purposes of Code Section 46-9-5, the cause of action in respect of a shipment of property shall be deemed to accrue upon delivery or tender of delivery thereof by the carrier, and not thereafter.   (Ga. L. 1933, p. 191, § 2; Code 1933, § 18-603; Ga. L. 2017, p. 774, § 46/HB 323.)   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5 in 2017, "Code Section 46-9-5" was substituted for "Code Section 46-9-6" in the heading and text.    The 2017 amendment,  effective May 9, 2017, part of an Act to revise, modernize, and correct the Code, substituted "Code Section 46-9-6," for "Code Sections 46-9-5 and 46-9-6," near the beginning of this Code section.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Who may maintain action to recover back excessive freight charge, 13 A.L.R. 289.    Expiration of period prescribed by bill of lading or statute for shipper's claim or action against carrier as affecting his right to avail himself of claim by recoupment in carrier's action against him, 140 A.L.R. 816.
GA Code § 46-9-8 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-8. Requiring Specific Bonding Company as Surety

  No common carrier authorized to do business in this state, when requiring of any employee that he give bond or undertaking of any nature whatsoever, shall require as surety thereon any specific or certain bonding company, provided that nothing in this Code section shall be construed to prevent any common carrier from specifying the form or wording of such bond.   Any person who violates this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.    (Ga. L. 1912, p. 159, § 1; Code 1933, §§ 103-601, 103-9901.)
GA Code § 46-9-9 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 46-9-9. Right of Employee or Surety to Cancel Bond; Notice of Cancellation

  Any employee who gives any bond or undertaking pursuant to Code Section 46-9-8 shall, upon the breach of any of the conditions thereof by the other party thereto, have the power to cancel the same by giving the surety thereon and the common carrier for whose benefit the same has been given at least ten days' notice in writing, setting out in full the reasons for canceling same. Any such notice to a company, corporation, or association may be served by leaving the same with any person on whom service of legal process upon such company, corporation, or association may be had.   Any surety on any such bond or undertaking shall, upon the breach of any of the conditions thereof by the employee for whom the bond or undertaking was made, have power to cancel the same by giving such employee at least ten days' notice in writing, setting out in full the reasons for canceling same, the notice to be signed by an agent or manager of such surety, provided that nothing in this Code section shall affect any right of action accruing to any person upon the breach of the contract.   Any person who violates this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.    (Ga. L. 1912, p. 159, § 2; Code 1933, §§ 103-602, 103-9901.)
GA Code § 46-9-21 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 2 - Establishment and Revision of Rates for Railroad Transportation|§ 46-9-21. Giving Notice of New and Revised Rate Schedules; Giving Proof of Authenticity of Schedules

  When any schedule has been made or revised as provided in Code Section 46-9-20, it shall be the duty of the commission to give notice of such new schedule or of any amendment or revision, by means of circulars, tariff publications, its annual reports, or in such other manner and form as it deems advisable or necessary. After such notice is given, it shall be the duty of all railroad companies affected by the new schedule to post at all of their respective stations, in a conspicuous place, a copy of the schedule for the information of the public, provided that the schedules thus prepared shall not be taken as evidence as provided in Code Section 46-9-20 until schedules have been prepared and published as provided in this Code section.   All such schedules purporting to have been printed and published by the commission as provided in this Code section shall be received and held in all such actions as prima facie the schedules of the commission, without any further proof other than the production of the schedules desired to be used as evidence, together with a certificate of the commission that the same are true copies of the schedules prepared by it for the railroad company therein named and that the same have been duly published as required by law.    (Ga. L. 1878-79, p. 125, § 6; Code 1882, § 719f; Ga. L. 1882-83, p. 133, § 1; Ga. L. 1888, p. 37, § 1; Ga. L. 1889, p. 138, § 1; Civil Code 1895, § 2191; Civil Code 1910, § 2632; Code 1933, § 93-311.)
GA Code § 46-9-22 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 2 - Establishment and Revision of Rates for Railroad Transportation|§ 46-9-22. Investigation by Commission of Through Rates

 It shall be the duty of the commission to investigate thoroughly all through freight rates from points outside of Georgia to points within Georgia and from points within Georgia to points outside of Georgia.   (Ga. L. 1890-91, p. 147, § 1; Civil Code 1895, § 2202; Civil Code 1910, § 2645; Code 1933, § 93-312.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 13 Am. Jur. 2d, Carriers, § 36. 64 Am. Jur. 2d, Public Utilities, §§ 146, 147, 152.
GA Code § 46-9-23 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 2 - Establishment and Revision of Rates for Railroad Transportation|§ 46-9-23. Report by Commission of Excessive, Unreasonable, or Discriminatory Through Rates to Proper State Railroad Officials

 Whenever the commission finds that a through rate, whether charged for transportation into or out of Georgia, is in its opinion excessive, unreasonable, or discriminatory, it shall bring this fact to the attention of the officers of the railroad company and urge upon them the propriety of changing such rate.   (Ga. L. 1890-91, p. 147, § 2; Civil Code 1895, § 2203; Civil Code 1910, § 2646; Code 1933, § 93-313.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 13 Am. Jur. 2d, Carriers, §§ 186, 187, 194 et seq. 64 Am. Jur. 2d, Public Utilities, §§ 146, 147, 152.   C.J.S.   - 13 C.J.S., Carriers, §§ 282, 314.
GA Code § 46-9-24 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 2 - Establishment and Revision of Rates for Railroad Transportation|§ 46-9-24. Report by Commission of Excessive, Unreasonable, or Discriminatory Through Rates to Interstate Commerce Commission

 Whenever rates are not changed according to the suggestion of the commission pursuant to Code Section 46-9-23, it shall be the duty of the commission to present the facts, whenever it can legally be done, to the Interstate Commerce Commission and to appeal to it for relief.   (Ga. L. 1890-91, p. 147, § 3; Civil Code 1895, § 2204; Civil Code 1910, § 2647; Code 1933, § 93-314.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 13 Am. Jur. 2d, Carriers, §§ 186, 187, 194 et seq.
GA Code § 46-9-25 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 2 - Establishment and Revision of Rates for Railroad Transportation|§ 46-9-25. Representation of Commission by Attorney General

 In all work devolving upon the commission pursuant to Code Sections 46-9-22 through 46-9-24, the commission shall receive, upon application, the services of the Attorney General of this state; and he shall also represent the commission, whenever called upon to do so, before the Interstate Commerce Commission.   (Ga. L. 1890-91, p. 147, § 4; Civil Code 1895, § 2205; Civil Code 1910, § 2648; Code 1933, § 93-315.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 7 Am. Jur. 2d, Attorney General, § 33.
GA Code § 46-9-26 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 46 - Public Utilities and Public Transportation|Chapter 9 - Transportation of Freight and Passengers Generally|Article 2 - Establishment and Revision of Rates for Railroad Transportation|§ 46-9-26. Commission to Prescribe Schedule of Maximum Rates and Charges for Freight Storage by Railroad Companies

 The commission is required to fix and prescribe a schedule of maximum rates and charges for storage of freight to be made and charged by railroad companies doing business in this state, and to fix at what time after the receipt of freight at place of destination such charges for storage shall begin. The commission shall have the power to vary such rates and charges according to the value and character of the freight stored, the nature of the place of destination, the residence of the consignee, and such other facts as in its judgment should be considered in fixing the same. All of the provisions of this title prescribing the procedure to be followed by the commission in fixing freight and passenger tariffs, hearing complaints of carriers and shippers, and altering and amending freight and passenger tariffs shall apply to the subject of fixing and amending rates and charges for storage.   (Ga. L. 1890-91, p. 149, § 1; Civil Code 1895, §§ 2206, 2207; Civil Code 1910, §§ 2649, 2650; Code 1933, § 93-317.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 13 Am. Jur. 2d, Carriers, §§ 164 et seq., 172. 64 Am. Jur. 2d, Public Utilities, § 166 et seq.