reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499sss (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499sss - Reliance on trust instrument.

 A trustee who acts in reasonable reliance on the terms of the trust as expressed in the trust instrument is not liable to a beneficiary for a breach of trust to the extent the breach resulted from the reliance.(P.A. 19-137, S. 71.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499t (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499t - Appointment of representative.

 (a) If the court determines that an interest is not represented pursuant to sections 45a-499q to 45a-499u, inclusive, or that the otherwise available representation may be inadequate, the court may appoint a guardian ad litem to receive notice, give consent, and otherwise represent, bind and act on behalf of a minor, an incapacitated or unborn individual, or a person whose identity or location is unknown. A guardian ad litem may be appointed to represent several persons or interests.(b) A guardian ad litem may act on behalf of the individual represented with respect to any matter arising under sections 45a-487j to 45a-487t, inclusive, and 45a-499a to 45a-500s, inclusive, whether or not a judicial proceeding concerning the trust is pending.(c) In making decisions in any matter, a guardian ad litem may consider the general benefit accruing to the living members of the individual's family.(P.A. 19-137, S. 20.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499tt (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499tt - Cotrustees.

 (a) Cotrustees who are unable to reach a unanimous decision may act by majority decision.(b) If a vacancy occurs in a cotrusteeship, the remaining cotrustees may act for the trust.(c) Subject to the provisions of section 45a-500l, a cotrustee shall participate in the performance of a trustee's function unless the cotrustee is unavailable to perform the function because of absence, illness, disqualification under other law or other temporary incapacity or the cotrustee has properly delegated the performance of the function to another trustee.(d) If a cotrustee is unavailable to perform duties because of absence, illness, disqualification under other law or other temporary incapacity, and prompt action is necessary to achieve the purposes of the trust or to avoid injury to the trust property, the remaining cotrustee or a majority of the remaining cotrustees may act for the trust.(e) A trustee may delegate to a cotrustee the performance of any function other than a function that the terms of the trust expressly require to be performed by the trustees jointly. Unless a delegation was irrevocable, a delegating trustee may revoke a delegation previously made.(f) Except as provided in subsection (g) of this section, a trustee who does not join in an action of another trustee is not liable for the action.(g) Subject to the provisions of section 45a-500l, a trustee shall exercise reasonable care to: (1) Prevent a cotrustee from committing a serious breach of trust; and (2) compel a cotrustee to redress a serious breach of trust.(h) A dissenting trustee who joins in an action at the direction of the majority of the trustees and who notified any cotrustee of the dissent at or before the time of the action is not liable for the action unless the action is a serious breach of trust.(P.A. 19-137, S. 46.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499ttt (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499ttt - Event affecting administration or distribution.

 If an event, including marriage, divorce, performance of educational requirements or death affects administration or distribution of a trust, a trustee who has exercised reasonable care to ascertain the happening of the event is not liable for a loss resulting from the trustee's lack of knowledge.(P.A. 19-137, S. 72.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499u (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499u - Designated representative.

 (a) The trust instrument may (1) designate one or more persons other than the settlor to represent and bind a beneficiary that is not a charity and to receive a notice, information, an accounting or a report on behalf of the beneficiary; or (2) authorize a person or persons, other than a trustee of the trust or the settlor, to designate one or more persons to represent and bind a beneficiary that is not a charity and receive any notice, information, accounting or report.(b) Except as otherwise provided in sections 45a-499a to 45a-500s, inclusive, a designated representative may not represent and bind a beneficiary while the person is serving as trustee.(c) Except as otherwise provided in sections 45a-499a to 45a-500s, inclusive, a designated representative may not represent and bind another beneficiary if the person designated also is a beneficiary, unless:(1) The person was named by the settlor; or(2) The person is the beneficiary's spouse or a grandparent or descendant of a grandparent of the beneficiary or the beneficiary's spouse.(d) A designated representative is not liable to the beneficiary whose interests are represented, or to anyone claiming through that beneficiary, for any actions or omissions to act made in good faith.(P.A. 19-137, S. 21.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499uu (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499uu - Vacancy in trusteeship; appointment of successor.

 (a) A vacancy in a trusteeship occurs if: (1) A person designated as trustee rejects the trusteeship; (2) a person designated as trustee cannot be identified or does not exist; (3) a trustee resigns; (4) a trustee is disqualified or removed; (5) a trustee dies; or (6) a conservator is appointed for an individual serving as trustee.(b) If one or more cotrustees remain in office, a vacancy in a trusteeship of a noncharitable trust need not be filled, unless otherwise required by the terms of the trust. A vacancy in a trusteeship shall be filled if the trust has no remaining trustee. A vacancy in a trusteeship of a charitable trust shall be filled, unless otherwise excused by the terms of the trust.(c) A vacancy in a trusteeship required to be filled shall be filled in the following order of priority: (1) By a person designated in the terms of the trust to act as successor trustee or appointed according to a procedure specified in the terms and, in the case of a testamentary trust, appointed by the Probate Court; (2) in the case of a noncharitable, inter vivos trust, by a person appointed by unanimous agreement of the qualified beneficiaries; or (3) by a person appointed by the court.(d) Whether or not a vacancy in a trusteeship exists or is required to be filled, the court may appoint an additional trustee or special fiduciary whenever the court considers the appointment necessary for the administration of the trust.(P.A. 19-137, S. 47.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499uuu (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499uuu - Exculpation of trustee.

 (a) A term of a trust relieving a trustee of liability for breach of trust is unenforceable to the extent that it: (1) Relieves the trustee of liability for breach of trust committed in bad faith or with reckless indifference to the purposes of the trust or the interests of the beneficiaries; or (2) was inserted as the result of an abuse by the trustee of a fiduciary or confidential relationship to the settlor.(b) Except for terms intended to provide protection for carrying out a stated trust purpose, an exculpatory term drafted or caused to be drafted by the trustee is invalid as an abuse of a fiduciary or confidential relationship unless the trustee proves that the exculpatory term is fair under the circumstances and that its existence and contents were adequately communicated to the settlor.(P.A. 19-137, S. 73.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499v (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499v - Methods of creating trust.

 A trust may be created by: (1) Transfer of property to another person as trustee during the settlor's lifetime, by deed or otherwise, or by will or other disposition taking effect upon the settlor's death; (2) declaration by the owner of property that the owner holds identifiable property as trustee; (3) exercise of a power of appointment or distribution in favor of a trustee; (4) transfer of property pursuant to a statute or judgment that requires property to be administered in the manner of an express trust, including, but not limited to, (A) a trust created by the guardian of the estate of a minor or by the conservator of an estate; or (B) a trust described in 42 USC 1396p(d)(4), as amended from time to time; or (5) court order.(P.A. 19-137, S. 22.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499vv (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499vv - Resignation of trustee.

 (a) A trustee of an inter vivos trust may resign (1) without court approval upon giving not less than thirty days' notice to the qualified beneficiaries, the settlor, if living, and all cotrustees; or (2) with the approval of the court.(b) A trustee of a testamentary trust may resign with the approval of the court.(c) In approving a resignation pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the court may issue orders and impose conditions reasonably necessary for the protection of the trust property, the beneficiaries and the other trustees, and may issue such other orders as law and equity may require.(d) Any liability of a trustee, former trustee or of any sureties on such trustee's bond for acts or omissions of such trustee is not discharged or affected by such trustee's resignation.(P.A. 19-137, S. 48.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499vvv (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499vvv - Beneficiary's consent, release or ratification.

 (a) A trustee is not liable to a beneficiary for breach of trust if the beneficiary consented to the conduct constituting the breach, released the trustee from liability for the breach or ratified the transaction constituting the breach, unless: (1) The consent, release or ratification of the beneficiary was induced by improper conduct of the trustee; or (2) at the time of the consent, release or ratification, the beneficiary did not know of the beneficiary's rights or of the material facts relating to the breach.(b) The liability of a trustee of a testamentary trust is not governed by the provisions of this section.(P.A. 19-137, S. 74.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499w (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499w - Requirements for creation.

 (a) A trust is created only if:(1) The settlor has capacity to create a trust;(2) The settlor indicates an intention to create the trust;(3) The trust has a definite beneficiary or is (A) a charitable trust; (B) a trust for the care of an animal, as provided in section 45a-489a; or (C) a trust for a noncharitable purpose under section 45a-499cc; and(4) The trustee has duties to perform.(b) A beneficiary is definite if the beneficiary can be ascertained now or in the future, subject to any applicable rule against perpetuities.(c) A power in a trustee to select a beneficiary from an indefinite class is valid. If the power is not exercised within a reasonable time, the power fails and the property subject to the power passes to the persons who would have taken the property had the power not been conferred. With respect to a charitable trust, if no default beneficiary is named in the trust instrument, the property subject to the power passes to one or more charitable purposes or beneficiaries that the court selects. The selection shall be consistent with the settlor's intention to the extent it can be ascertained.(d) The settlor's power to create or contribute to a trust may be exercised by (1) an agent under a power of attorney only to the extent expressly authorized to create or contribute property to a trust; or (2) a conservator of the estate as authorized by the court.(e) A charitable trust is created if the donor makes a gift with a charitable intent.(P.A. 19-137, S. 23.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499ww (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499ww - Removal of trustee.

 (a) The settlor of a noncharitable trust, the settlor of a charitable trust who has expressly retained the right to do so, the Attorney General in the case of a charitable trust, a cotrustee, a beneficiary or the surety on the trustee's probate bond, may request the court to remove a trustee, or a trustee may be removed by the court on its own initiative.(b) Subject to subsection (a) of this section, the court may remove a trustee if:(1) The trustee becomes incapable of executing or neglects to perform the trustee's duties, wastes the trust assets, fails to furnish an additional or substitute probate bond ordered by the court, or has committed any other serious breach of trust;(2) Lack of cooperation among cotrustees substantially impairs administration of the trust;(3) Because of unfitness, unwillingness or persistent failure of the trustee to administer the trust effectively, the court determines that removal of the trustee best serves the interests of the beneficiaries; or(4) There has been a substantial change of circumstances or removal is requested by all of the qualified beneficiaries and the court finds that (A) removal of the trustee best serves the interests of all of the beneficiaries and is not inconsistent with a material purpose of the trust; and (B) a suitable cotrustee or successor trustee is available. The court may not remove a successor corporate fiduciary in a manner that discriminates against state banks or national banking associations. No consolidated state bank or national banking association and no receiving state bank or national banking association may be removed solely because it is a successor fiduciary, as defined in section 45a-245a.(P.A. 19-137, S. 49.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499www (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499www - Limitation on personal liability of trustee.

 (a) Except as otherwise provided in the contract, a trustee is not personally liable on a contract properly entered into in the trustee's fiduciary capacity in the course of administering the trust if the trustee in the contract disclosed the fiduciary capacity.(b) Except as otherwise limited by the general statutes, the trustee is personally liable for torts committed in the course of administering a trust or for obligations arising from ownership or control of trust property, including liability for violation of environmental law, only if the trustee is personally at fault.(c) A claim may be asserted in a judicial proceeding against the trustee in the trustee's fiduciary capacity, whether or not the trustee is personally liable for the claim, if the claim is based on (1) a contract entered into by a trustee in the trustee's fiduciary capacity, (2) an obligation arising from ownership or control of trust property, or (3) a tort committed in the course of administering a trust.(P.A. 19-137, S. 75.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499x (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499x - Trusts created in other jurisdictions.

 An inter vivos trust is validly created if its creation complies with (1) the law of the jurisdiction in which the trust instrument was executed; or (2) the law of the jurisdiction in which, at the time of creation: (A) The settlor was domiciled, had a place of abode or was a national; (B) a trustee was domiciled or had a place of business; or (C) any trust property was located.(P.A. 19-137, S. 24.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499xx (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499xx - Delivery of property by former trustee.

 (a) Unless a cotrustee remains in office or the court otherwise orders, and until the trust property is delivered to a successor trustee or other person entitled to it, a trustee who has resigned or been removed has the duties of a trustee and the powers necessary to protect the trust property.(b) A trustee who has resigned or been removed shall proceed expeditiously to deliver the trust property within the trustee's possession to the cotrustee, successor trustee or other person entitled to it.(c) All suits in favor of or against the original trustee shall survive to and may be prosecuted by or against the person appointed to succeed such trustee.(P.A. 19-137, S. 50.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499xxx (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499xxx - Interest as general partner.

 (a) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section or unless personal liability is imposed in the contract, a trustee who holds an interest as a general partner in a general or limited partnership is not personally liable on a contract entered into by the partnership after the trust's acquisition of the interest if the fiduciary capacity was disclosed in the contract or in a statement previously filed pursuant to the Uniform Partnership Act, sections 34-300 to 34-399, inclusive, or the Uniform Limited Partnership Act, sections 34-9 to 34-38u, inclusive.(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section, a trustee who holds an interest as a general partner is not personally liable for torts committed by the partnership or for obligations arising from ownership or control of the interest unless the trustee is personally at fault.(c) The immunity provided by this section does not apply if an interest in the partnership is held by the trustee in a capacity other than that of trustee or is held by the trustee's spouse or one or more of the trustee's descendants, siblings or parents, or the spouse of any of them.(d) If the trustee of a revocable trust holds an interest as a general partner, the settlor is personally liable for contracts and other obligations of the partnership as if the settlor were a general partner.(P.A. 19-137, S. 76.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499y (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499y - Trust purposes.

 A trust may be created only to the extent its purposes are lawful and not contrary to public policy.(P.A. 19-137, S. 25.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499yy (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499yy - Compensation of trustee.

 (a) If the terms of a trust do not specify the trustee's compensation, a trustee is entitled to compensation that is reasonable under the circumstances.(b) If the terms of a trust specify the trustee's compensation, the trustee is entitled to be compensated as specified, but the court may allow more or less compensation if: (1) The duties of the trustee are substantially different from those contemplated when the trust was created; or (2) the compensation specified by the terms of the trust would be unreasonably low or high.(P.A. 19-137, S. 51.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499yyy (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499yyy - Protection of person dealing with trustee.

 (a) A person other than a beneficiary who in good faith assists a trustee, or who in good faith and for value deals with a trustee, without knowledge that the trustee is exceeding or improperly exercising the trustee's powers, is protected from liability as if the trustee properly exercised the power.(b) A person other than a beneficiary who in good faith deals with a trustee is not required to inquire into the extent of the trustee's powers or the propriety of their exercise.(c) A person who in good faith delivers assets to a trustee need not ensure the proper application of such assets.(d) A person other than a beneficiary who in good faith assists a former trustee, or who in good faith and for value deals with a former trustee, without knowledge that the trusteeship has terminated, is protected from liability as if the former trustee were still a trustee.(e) Comparable protective provisions of other laws relating to commercial transactions or transfer of securities by fiduciaries prevail over the protection provided by this section.(P.A. 19-137, S. 77.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499z (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499z - Charitable purposes; enforcement; conversion to new entity.

 (a) A charitable trust may be created for the relief of poverty, the advancement of education or religion, the promotion of health, governmental or municipal purposes or other purposes the achievement of which are beneficial to the community consistent with the provisions of sections 45a-514 and 47-2.(b) If the terms of a charitable trust do not indicate a particular charitable purpose or beneficiary and if the trustee is not given discretion to select the charitable beneficiaries consistent with the provisions of section 45a-515, the court may select one or more charitable purposes or beneficiaries. The selection shall be consistent with the settlor's intention to the extent it can be ascertained.(c) The settlor of a charitable trust, or a person designated by the settlor who would not otherwise have standing, may maintain a proceeding to enforce the trust only to the extent specified in the trust instrument.(d) If a charitable trust whose purposes are set forth in a trust instrument is converted to a corporation, limited liability company, benefit corporation or other entity, the governing instrument of the new entity shall recite the charitable purposes of the original trust instrument.(P.A. 19-137, S. 26.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.
CT Gen Stat § 45a-499zz (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 45a - Probate Courts and Procedure|Chapter 802c - Trusts|Section 45a-499zz - Reimbursement of expenses.

 (a) A trustee is entitled to be reimbursed out of the trust property, with interest as appropriate, for: (1) Expenses that were properly incurred in the defense or administration of the trust, unless the trustee is determined to have committed a breach of trust; and (2) to the extent necessary to prevent unjust enrichment of the trust, expenses that were not properly incurred in the administration of the trust.(b) If a trustee advances money to protect the trust, the trustee has a lien against the trust property to secure reimbursement of the money with reasonable interest.(P.A. 19-137, S. 52.)History: P.A. 19-137 effective January 1, 2020.