reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 5-3-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 5-3-2. Right to Appeal From Probate Courts; Exception

  An appeal shall lie to the superior court from any decision made by the probate court, except an order appointing a temporary administrator.   Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this Code section, no appeal from the probate court to the superior court shall lie from any civil case in a probate court which is provided for by Article 6 of Chapter 9 of Title 15.    (Laws 1805, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 283; Laws 1823, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 497; Ga. L. 1851-52, p. 49, § 1; Ga. L. 1851-52, p. 91, § 19; Ga. L. 1859, p. 33, § 5; Code 1863, § 3530; Ga. L. 1866, p. 24, § 1; Code 1868, § 3553; Code 1873, § 3611; Code 1882, § 3611; Civil Code 1895, § 4454; Civil Code 1910, § 4999; Code 1933, § 6-201; Ga. L. 1972, p. 738, § 6; Ga. L. 1986, p. 982, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Exercise of judicial power, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. VI, Sec. I, Para. VI.   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 1986, p. 982, § 25, not codified by the General Assembly, provided that that Act would apply to all cases filed on or after July 1, 1986.   Law reviews.   - For annual survey on trial practice and procedure, see 38 Mercer L. Rev. 383 (1986).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Applicability   Jurisdiction   Effect of Appeal    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, § 183 et seq.   ALR.   - Questions or legal theories affecting trust estates as subject to consideration on appeal though not raised below, 11 A.L.R.2d 317.    Change of law after decision of lower court as affecting decision on appeal or error, 111 A.L.R. 1317; 151 A.L.R. 987.   Appealability of order pertaining to pretrial examination, discovery, interrogatories, production of books and papers, or the like, 37 A.L.R.2d 586.   Appealability of order, of court possessing probate jurisdiction, allowing or denying tardy presentation of claim to personal representative, 66 A.L.R.2d 659.   Appealability of order entered in connection with pretrial conference, 95 A.L.R.2d 1361.   Judgment subject to appeal as entitled to full faith and credit, 2 A.L.R.3d 1384.
GA Code § 5-3-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 5-3-3. Persons by Whom Appeal May Be Entered Generally; Attorney's Authority to Appeal to Be in Writing; Dismissal for Failure to File; Ratification of Unauthorized Appeal

 An appeal may be entered by the plaintiff or defendant in person, or by his attorney at law or in fact and, if by the latter, he must be authorized in writing, which authority shall be filed in the court in which the case is pending at the time the appeal is entered; but if it is shown to the court that the authority exists, the court may allow a reasonable time to file the same. Upon failure to so file, the appeal shall be dismissed and execution shall issue without further order. If the authority is not filed within the time allowed, a ratification of an unauthorized appeal, if made in writing and filed in the clerk's office before the next term of the court, shall render the appeal valid.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3535; Code 1868, § 3558; Code 1873, § 3615; Code 1882, § 3615; Civil Code 1895, § 4457; Civil Code 1910, § 5002; Code 1933, § 6-104.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, § 231 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 4 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, § 325 et seq.   ALR.   - Right of trustee of express trust to appeal from order or decree not affecting his own personal interest, 6 A.L.R.2d 147.   Attorney's right to institute or maintain appeal where client refuses to do so, 91 A.L.R.2d 618.
GA Code § 5-3-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 5-3-4. Appeal by One of Several Plaintiffs or Defendants - Authorization and Procedure Generally

 When there is more than one party plaintiff or defendant, and one or more of the parties plaintiff or defendant desire to appeal, and the others refuse or fail to appeal, the party plaintiff or defendant desiring to appeal may enter an appeal in the manner provided by law.   (Laws 1839, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 500; Code 1863, § 3539; Code 1868, § 3562; Code 1873, § 3619; Code 1882, § 3619; Civil Code 1895, § 4461; Civil Code 1910, § 5006; Code 1933, § 6-110; Ga. L. 1995, p. 10, § 5.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, § 231 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 4 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, §§ 237 et seq., 325 et seq.   ALR.    - May new trial or reversal for error as to measure of damages against one or more of the parties be restricted to those parties, 32 A.L.R. 255.   Right to perfect appeal, against party who has not appealed, by cross appeal filed after time for direct appeal has passed, 32 A.L.R.3d 1290.
GA Code § 5-3-5 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 5-3-5. Appeal by One of Several Plaintiffs or Defendants - Effect of Judgment on Appeal Generally; Recovery of Damages Awarded Upon Appeal

 Upon the appeal of either party plaintiff or defendant, as provided in Code Section 5-3-4, the whole record shall be taken up and all shall be bound by the final judgment; but, in case damages are awarded upon such appeal, the damages shall only be recovered against the party appealing and his security, if any, and not against the party failing or refusing to appeal.   (Laws 1839, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 500; Code 1863, § 3540; Code 1868, § 3563; Code 1873, § 3620; Code 1882, § 3620; Civil Code 1895, § 4462; Civil Code 1910, § 5007; Code 1933, § 6-111.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, § 231 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 4 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, § 325 et seq.   ALR.    - May new trial or reversal for error as to measure of damages against one or more of the parties be restricted to those parties, 32 A.L.R. 255.    Power of legislature to require appellate court to review evidence, 33 A.L.R. 10.    Judgment or order dismissing action as against one defendant as subject of appeal or error before disposition of case as against codefendant, 114 A.L.R. 759.    Grant of new trial, or reversal of judgment on appeal as to one joint tortfeasor, as requiring new trial or reversal as to other tortfeasor, 143 A.L.R. 7.
GA Code § 5-3-6 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 5-3-6. Appeal by One of Several Plaintiffs or Defendants - Liability and Recourse of Surety on Judgment on Appeal

 The security, if any, of the party appealing shall be bound for the judgment on the appeal; and, in case the security is compelled to pay off the debt or damages for which judgment is entered in the case, he shall have recourse only against the party for whom he became security.   (Laws 1823, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 498; Laws 1839, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 500; Code 1863, § 3541; Code 1868, § 3564; Code 1873, § 3621; Code 1882, § 3621; Civil Code 1895, § 4463; Civil Code 1910, § 5008; Code 1933, § 6-112.)   Law reviews.   - For survey article on constitutional law, see 34 Mercer L. Rev. 53 (1982).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    First part of section provides for liability when principal appeals, whether or not surety appeals. Beall v. Cochran, 18 Ga. 38 (1855); Barnett v. Travis, 96 Ga. 760, 22 S.E. 314 (1895); National Sur. Co. v. White, 21 Ga. App. 471, 94 S.E. 589 (1917).    Second clause of section grants right of subrogation against principal. National Surety Co. v. White, 21 Ga. App. 471, 94 S.E. 589 (1917).   Charging estate of security.    - Plaintiff, by scire facias, may charge estate of security on appeal with amount of final judgment rendered against original party. Bank of Charleston v. Moore, 6 Ga. 416 (1849).    Plaintiff may charge estate of security with amount of judgment by entry of judgment nunc pro tunc. Mayo v. Kersey, 24 Ga. 167 (1858).   Surety not subject for breach of bond when trial cannot be had as to appellant.    - Condemnation money for which surety on appeal is liable is that which is recovered in case on appeal trial. If, by reason of injunction, death, or other cause, no trial of case is or can be had as to appellant, the surety is not subject for a breach of bond. Planters' & Miners' Bank v. Hudgins, 84 Ga. 108, 10 S.E. 501 (1889).    Cited in Satzky v. King, 115 Ga. 948, 42 S.E. 233 (1902); Bennett v. Farkas, 126 Ga. 228, 54 S.E. 942 (1906); Touchton v. Stewart, 222 Ga. 455, 150 S.E.2d 643 (1966).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, § 231 et seq.   ALR.    - Failure of sureties on appeal bond to justify after exception to their sufficiency and consequent dismissal of appeal, as releasing them from liability, 96 A.L.R. 1371.    Liability on supersedeas bond which was legally insufficient to effect stay, where enforcement of judgment was in fact suspended, 120 A.L.R. 1062.    Condition of bond on appeal not in terms covering payment of money judgment, as having that effect by implication or construction, 124 A.L.R. 501.   Attorneys' fees paid by appellee in resisting unsuccessful appellate review as damages recoverable on appeal bond, 37 A.L.R.2d 525.
GA Code § 5-3-8 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 5-3-8. Requirement of Consent to Withdrawal of Appeal

 After an appeal has been entered, no person shall be allowed to withdraw the appeal without the consent of the adverse party.   (Laws 1799, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 495; Code 1863, § 3550; Code 1868, § 3573; Code 1873, § 3629; Code 1882, § 3629; Civil Code 1895, § 4471; Civil Code 1910, § 5016; Code 1933, § 6-503.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - First decision of intermediate court as law of the case on appeal to court of last resort from subsequent decision, 41 A.L.R. 1078; 118 A.L.R. 1286.    Public interest as ground for refusal to dismiss an appeal, where question has become moot, or dismissal is sought by one or both parties, 132 A.L.R. 1185.
GA Code § 5-3-21 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-21. Notice of Appeal; Form; Service

 (a) An appeal to the superior court may be taken by filing a notice of appeal with the court, agency, or other tribunal appealed from. No particular form shall be necessary for the notice of appeal, but the following is suggested: (NAME OF INFERIOR JUDICATORY) STATE OF GEORGIA ________________________ ) ) v. ) (Case number ) designation) ) ________________________ ) APPEAL TO SUPERIOR COURT Notice is hereby given that __________________, appellant herein, and __________________________, above-named, hereby appeals to the Superior (plaintiff, defendant, etc.) Court of ______________ County from the judgment (or order, decision, etc.) entered herein on  (date)  ,   . Dated: ________________________. _____________________________________________________________________ Attorney For Appellant _____________________________________________________________________ Address   A copy of the notice of appeal shall be served on all parties in the same manner prescribed by Code Section 5-6-32. Failure to perfect service on any party shall not work dismissal, but the superior court shall grant continuances and enter such other orders as may be necessary to permit a just and expeditious determination of the appeal.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3534; Code 1868, § 3557; Ga. L. 1868, p. 131, § 2; Code 1873, § 3614; Code 1882, § 3614; Civil Code 1895, § 4456; Civil Code 1910, § 5001; Code 1933, § 6-103; Ga. L. 1972, p. 738, § 3; Ga. L. 1999, p. 81, § 5.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review § 292 et seq. 14 Am. Jur. 2d, Certiorari, § 49 et seq.   2 Am. Jur. Pleading and Practice Forms, Appeal and Error, § 68.   ALR.   - Sufficiency of "designation" under Federal Appellate Procedure Rule 3(c) of judgment or order appealed from in civil cases by notice of appeal not specifically designating such judgment or order, 141 A.L.R. Fed 445.
GA Code § 5-3-23 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-23. Signature on Bond of Attorney at Law or in Fact

 If an appeal is entered by the attorney at law or in fact, he may sign the name of the principal to the appeal bond, if required, and the principal shall be bound thereby as though he had signed it himself.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3537; Code 1868, § 3560; Code 1873, § 3617; Code 1882, § 3617; Civil Code 1895, § 4459; Civil Code 1910, § 5004; Code 1933, § 6-107.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   2 Am. Jur. Pleading and Practice Forms, Appeal and Error, § 261.
GA Code § 5-3-25 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-25. Appeal by Partners or Joint Contractors; Signature on Bond; Appeal by Corporation

 When several partners or joint contractors bring or defend an action as such, any one of the partners or joint contractors may enter an appeal in the name of the firm or joint contractors and sign the name of the firm or joint contractors to a bond if required by the superior court, which shall be binding on the firm and the joint contractors as though they had signed it themselves. In the case of corporations, the appeal may be entered by the president or any agent thereof managing the case or by the attorney of record.   (Laws 1838, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 589; Code 1863, § 3538; Code 1868, § 3561; Code 1873, § 3618; Code 1882, § 3618; Civil Code 1895, § 4460; Civil Code 1910, § 5005; Code 1933, § 6-108.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 4 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, § 325 et seq.   ALR.    - Survival of liability on joint obligation, 67 A.L.R. 608.
GA Code § 5-3-26 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-26. Requirement of Written Defenses in Appeal From Justice of the Peace Court; Right to Amend Pleadings

 Reserved. Repealed by Ga. L. 1983, p. 884, § 4-2, effective July 1, 1983.   Editor's notes.   - This Code section was based on Ga. L. 1884-85, p. 97, § 1; Civil Code 1895, § 4139; Civil Code 1910, § 4739; Code 1933, § 6-303.
GA Code § 5-3-27 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-27. Amendments to Cure Defects

 No appeal shall be dismissed because of any defect in the notice of appeal, bond, or affidavit of indigence or because of the failure of the lower court, agency, or other tribunal to transmit the pleadings or other record; but the superior court shall at any time permit such amendments and enter such orders as may be necessary to cure the defect.   (Code 1933, § 6-115, enacted by Ga. L. 1972, p. 738, § 5.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, §§ 264, 307, 341, 915.   C.J.S.   - 4 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, §§ 415, 470, 600, 737.
GA Code § 5-3-28 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-28. Transmittal of Record and Transcripts to Superior Court; Issuance of Orders and Writs

  Within ten days of the filing of the notice of appeal, it shall be the duty of the judge or other official of the court, agency, or tribunal appealed from to cause a true copy of the pleadings, if any, and all other parts of the record (and transcript of evidence and proceedings, where the appeal is not de novo) to be transmitted to the superior court.   The superior court may issue such orders and writs as may be necessary in aid of its jurisdiction on appeal.    (Code 1933, § 6-114, enacted by Ga. L. 1972, p. 738, § 5.)   Cross references.   - Appeals - probate court transcript not transmitted, Uniform Rules for the Probate Courts, Rule 9.3.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Meaning of "pleadings."    - In a de novo proceeding, reference to "pleadings" generally refers to entire record sent up to superior court from lower tribunal and not only to appellant's petition for appeal. Judd v. Valdosta/Lowndes County Zoning Bd. of Appeals, 147 Ga. App. 128, 248 S.E.2d 196 (1978).    Cited in Tony v. Pollard, 248 Ga. 86, 281 S.E.2d 557 (1981); Mack v. Demming, 248 Ga. 117, 281 S.E.2d 591 (1981).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, § 467 et seq.
GA Code § 5-3-29 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-29. De Novo Investigation

 An appeal to the superior court in any case where not otherwise provided by law is a de novo investigation. It brings up the whole record from the court below; and all competent evidence shall be admissible on the trial thereof, whether adduced on a former trial or not. Either party is entitled to be heard on the whole merits of the case.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3548; Code 1868, § 3571; Code 1873, § 3627; Code 1882, § 3627; Civil Code 1895, § 4469; Civil Code 1910, § 5014; Code 1933, § 6-501; Ga. L. 1972, p. 738, § 8; Ga. L. 1983, p. 884, § 3-1; Ga. L. 1986, p. 982, § 2.)   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 1986, p. 982, § 25, not codified by the General Assembly, provided that that Act would apply to all cases filed on or after July 1, 1986.   Law reviews.   - For annual survey of law of wills, trusts, and administration of estates, see 38 Mercer L. Rev. 417 (1986).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Effect of Appeal on Inferior Court's Judgment   Scope of Appeal   Procedural Issues    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 47 Am. Jur. 2d, Justices of the Peace, §§ 50, 51.   C.J.S.   - 5 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, § 886 et seq.   ALR.    - Review on appeal of evidence as to genuineness of disputed documents, 6 A.L.R. 507; 12 A.L.R. 212; 27 A.L.R. 319.    May new trial or reversal for error as to measure of damages against one or more of the parties be restricted to those parties, 32 A.L.R. 255.    First decision of intermediate court as law of the case on appeal to court of last resort from subsequent decision, 41 A.L.R. 1078; 118 A.L.R. 1286.    Evidence erroneously stricken out as proper for consideration by appellate court to sustain finding or verdict, 152 A.L.R. 371.   Propriety and prejudicial effect of prosecutor's remarks as to victim's age, family circumstances, or the like, 50 A.L.R.3d 8.
GA Code § 5-3-31 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 3 - Appeals to Superior or State Court|Article 2 - Procedure|§ 5-3-31. Damages Assessed for Frivolous Appeals

 If upon the trial of any appeal it shall appear to the jury that the appeal was frivolous and intended for delay only, they shall assess damages against the appellant and his security, if any, in favor of the appellee for such delay, not exceeding 25 percent on the principal sum which they shall find due, which damages shall be specially noted in their verdict.   (Laws 1799, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 495; Code 1863, § 3552; Code 1868, § 3575; Ga. L. 1868, p. 132, § 2; Code 1873, § 3631; Code 1882, § 3631; Civil Code 1895, § 4473; Civil Code 1910, § 5018; Code 1933, § 6-602; Ga. L. 1983, p. 884, § 3-2.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, §§ 891, 892.   C.J.S.   - 5 C.J.S., Appeal and Error, § 754.   ALR.   - Award of damages for dilatory tactics in prosecuting appeal in state court, 91 A.L.R.3d 661.
GA Code § 5-5-20 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 5 - New Trial|Article 2 - Grounds|§ 5-5-20. Verdict Contrary to Evidence and Justice

 In any case when the verdict of a jury is found contrary to evidence and the principles of justice and equity, the judge presiding may grant a new trial before another jury.   (Laws 1799, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 503; Code 1863, § 3637; Code 1868, § 3662; Code 1873, § 3713; Code 1882, § 3713; Civil Code 1895, § 5477; Penal Code 1895, § 1057; Civil Code 1910, § 6082; Penal Code 1910, § 1084; Code 1933, § 70-202.)   Law reviews.   - For survey of cases dealing with criminal law and criminal procedure from June 1, 1977 through May 1978, see 30 Mercer L. Rev. 27 (1978).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Judgment Notwithstanding Verdict   Application   Appeal from Denial of New Trial    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 58 Am. Jur. 2d, New Trial, § 245 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 23 C.J.S., Criminal Law, §§ 1972, 1973. 66 C.J.S., New Trial, § 117 et seq.   ALR.    - Abuse of witness by counsel as ground for new trial or reversal, 4 A.L.R. 414.    Power of court to reduce or increase verdict without giving party affected the option to submit to a new trial, 53 A.L.R. 779; 95 A.L.R. 1163.    Power of trial court to dismiss defendant in criminal case for insufficiency of evidence after submitting case to jury or after verdict of guilty, 131 A.L.R. 187.   Court's power to grant new trial as to both defendants, over their objection, because of verdict holding employer and absolving employee for latter's negligence, 16 A.L.R.2d 969.   Propriety of limiting to issue of damages alone new trial granted on ground of inadequacy of damages awarded, 29 A.L.R.2d 1199.   Prejudicial effect of misconduct by one other than juror during authorized view by jury in civil case, 45 A.L.R.2d 1128.   Verdict for money judgment which finds for party for ambiguous or no amount, 49 A.L.R.2d 1328.   Disclosure in criminal case of juror's political, racial, religious, or national origin prejudice against accused or witnesses as ground for new trial or reversal, 91 A.L.R.2d 1120.   Discussion, during jury deliberation, of possible insurance coverage as prejudicial misconduct, 47 A.L.R.3d 1299.   Standard for granting or denying new trial in state criminal case on basis of recanted testimony - modern cases, 77 A.L.R.4th 1031.   Propriety of limiting to issue of damages alone new trial granted on ground of inadequacy of damages - modern cases, 5 A.L.R.5th 875.   Excessiveness or adequacy of damages awarded for injuries causing mental or psychological damage, 52 A.L.R.5th 1.   Inattention of juror from sleepiness or other cause as ground for reversal or new trial, 59 A.L.R.5th 1.
GA Code § 5-5-21 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 5 - Appeal and Error|Chapter 5 - New Trial|Article 2 - Grounds|§ 5-5-21. Verdict Against Weight of Evidence

 The presiding judge may exercise a sound discretion in granting or refusing new trials in cases where the verdict may be decidedly and strongly against the weight of the evidence even though there may appear to be some slight evidence in favor of the finding.   (Ga. L. 1853-54, p. 46, § 3; Code 1863, § 3641; Code 1868, § 3666; Code 1873, § 3717; Code 1882, § 3717; Civil Code 1895, § 5482; Penal Code 1895, § 1058; Civil Code 1910, § 6087; Penal Code 1910, § 1085; Code 1933, § 70-206.)   Law reviews.   - For survey of cases dealing with criminal law and criminal procedure from June 1, 1977 through May 1978, see 30 Mercer L. Rev. 27 (1978).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Judgment Notwithstanding Verdict   Application   Appeal or Certiorari From Denial of New Trial    RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 23 C.J.S., Criminal Law, § 1973. 66 C.J.S., New Trial, §§ 117, 125, 237 et seq., 283.   ALR.    - Power of court to reduce or increase verdict without giving party affected the option to submit to a new trial, 53 A.L.R. 779; 95 A.L.R. 1163.    Power of trial court to dismiss defendant in criminal case for insufficiency of evidence after submitting case to jury or after verdict of guilty, 131 A.L.R. 187.   Court's power to grant new trial as to both defendants, over their objection, because of verdict holding employer and absolving employee for latter's negligence, 16 A.L.R.2d 969.