reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 450.2051 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2051 - Action or Proceeding by or Against Foreign Corporation Without Certificate of Authority; Order of Dismissal; Recommencement of Action; Validity of Corporate Contracts or Acts.

450.2051 Action or proceeding by or against foreign corporation without certificate of authority; order of dismissal; recommencement of action; validity of corporate contracts or acts. Sec. 1051.  (1) A foreign corporation transacting business in this state without a certificate of authority shall not maintain an action or proceeding in any court of this state until the corporation has obtained a certificate of authority. An action commenced by a foreign corporation having no certificate of authority shall not be dismissed if a certificate of authority has been obtained before the order of dismissal. Any such order of dismissal shall be without prejudice to the recommencement of such action or proceeding by the foreign corporation after it obtains a certificate of authority. This prohibition applies to:  (a) A successor in interest of the foreign corporation, except a receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, or other representative of creditors of the corporation.  (b) An assignee of the foreign corporation, except an assignee for value who accepts an assignment without knowledge that the foreign corporation should have but has not obtained a certificate of authority in this state.  (2) Failure of a foreign corporation to obtain a certificate of authority to transact business in this state does not impair the validity of a contract or act of the corporation, and does not prevent the corporation from defending an action or proceeding in a court of this state. History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973 ;-- Am. 1982, Act 407, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983
MI Comp L § 450.2055 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2055 - Penalty for Transacting Business Without Certificate of Authority.

450.2055 Penalty for transacting business without certificate of authority. Sec. 1055.  In addition to any other liability imposed by law, a foreign corporation transacting business in this state without a certificate of authority shall forfeit to the state a penalty of not less than $100.00, nor more than $1,000.00, for each calendar month, not more than 5 years prior thereto, in which it has transacted business in this state without a certificate of authority. This penalty shall not exceed $10,000.00. The penalty shall be recovered with costs in an action prosecuted by the attorney general. History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973
MI Comp L § 450.2056 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2056 - Registration of Corporate Name by Foreign Corporation Not Authorized to Transact Business in State; Filing; Duration; Notice; Renewal.

450.2056 Registration of corporate name by foreign corporation not authorized to transact business in state; filing; duration; notice; renewal.Sec. 1056.  (1) Any foreign corporation that is not authorized to transact business in this state and is not required to be authorized to transact business in this state may register its corporate name under this act, if permissible under section 212.  (2) A foreign corporation shall register its corporate name under this section by filing all of the following in the office of the administrator:  (a) An application for registration executed on behalf of the corporation, that includes the name and the mailing address of the corporation, the jurisdiction of its incorporation, the date of its incorporation, a statement that it is carrying on or doing business, and a brief statement of the business in which it is engaged.  (b) A certificate that is dated not earlier than 30 days before filing of the application, stating that the corporation is in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, executed by the office of the jurisdiction that has custody of the records pertaining to corporations.  (3) Unless sooner terminated by the filing of a certificate of termination, the registration of the corporate name of a foreign corporation is effective until the close of the calendar year in which the application for registration is filed. However, a registration filed after September 30 of a year expires at the end of the following calendar year. The administrator shall notify the corporation of the impending expiration at least 90 days before the expiration of the registration. The administrator may electronically transmit the notification to the resident agent of the corporation in the manner authorized by the corporation. A foreign corporation that has in effect a registration of its corporate name may renew the registration from year to year by filing annually an application for renewal and a certificate of good standing as required for the original registration. A renewal application may be filed between October 1 and December 31 in each year, and shall extend the registration for the following calendar year. History: Add. 1982, Act 407, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 85, Eff. June 24, 2018
MI Comp L § 450.2061 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2061 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.

450.2061 Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to franchise fee for nonprofit corporations.
MI Comp L § 450.2063 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2063 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.

450.2063 Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to valuation of shares without par value as basis for franchise fees.
MI Comp L § 450.2064 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2064 - “Regulated Investment Company” Defined.

450.2064 “Regulated investment company” defined. Sec. 1064.  A regulated investment company, for purposes of this act, means any domestic or foreign corporation or association, common law or statutory trust, under whatever authority organized, which for any taxable year or period for purposes of federal income tax is registered and regulated under the investment company act of 1940, title I of chapter 686, 54 Stat. 789 and which for such taxable year or period is classified as a regulated investment company as defined in part 1 of subchapter M of chapter 1 of the internal revenue code, 26 U.S.C. 851 to 855. History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973 ;-- Am. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989
MI Comp L § 450.2098 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2098 - Repeals.

450.2098 Repeals. Sec. 1098.  The following acts and parts of acts are repealed:  (a) Act No. 226 of the Public Acts of 1885, being sections 450.351 to 450.354 of the Compiled Laws of 1948.  (b) Sections 1 to 61, 65 to 80, 82 to 91a and 187b of Act No. 327 of the Public Acts of 1931, as amended, being sections 450.1 to 450.61, 450.65 to 450.80, 450.82 to 450.91a and 450.187b of the Compiled Laws of 1948.  (c) Act No. 16 of the Public Acts of the Extra Session of 1932, being sections 450.361 to 450.363 of the Compiled Laws of 1948.  (d) Act No. 48 of the Public Acts of 1947, as amended, being sections 450.431 and 450.432 of the Compiled Laws of 1948.  (e) Section 2908 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, being section 600.2908 of the Compiled Laws of 1948.  (f) Sections 1 to 3(b) of Act No. 85 of the Public Acts of 1921, as amended, being sections 450.301 to 450.303b of the Compiled Laws of 1948. History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973
MI Comp L § 450.2099 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 284 of 1972 - Business Corporation Act (450.1101 - 450.2099)|284-1972-10 - Chapter 10 Foreign Corporations (450.2001...450.2099)|Section 450.2099 - Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989.

450.2099 Repealed. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to effective date of act.
MI Comp L § 450.2101 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2101 - Short Title.

450.2101 Short title. Sec. 101.  This act shall be known and may be cited as the "nonprofit corporation act". History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983
MI Comp L § 450.2103 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2103 - Construction and Application of Act.

450.2103 Construction and application of act.Sec. 103.  This act shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies which include all of the following:  (a) To simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing nonprofit corporations.  (b) To provide a general corporate form for the conduct or promotion of lawful nonprofit activities or purposes, with any variations and modifications from the form as interested parties in any corporation may agree on, subject only to overriding interests of this state and of third parties. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2104 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2104 - Definitions Generally.

450.2104 Definitions generally.Sec. 104.  The definitions contained in sections 105 to 110 shall control the interpretation of this act, unless the context otherwise requires. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2105 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2105 - Definitions; A, B.

450.2105 Definitions; A, B.Sec. 105.  (1) "Administrator" means the director of the department or his or her designated representative.   (2) "Articles of incorporation" includes any of the following:  (a) The original articles of incorporation or any other instrument filed or issued under any statute to organize a domestic or foreign corporation, as amended, supplemented, or restated by certificates of amendment, merger, conversion, or consolidation, or other certificates or instruments filed or issued under any statute.   (b) A special act or charter creating a domestic or foreign corporation, as amended, supplemented, or restated.  (3) "Authorized shares" means shares of all classes that a corporation is authorized to issue.  (4) "Ballot" means an instrument in written or electronic form that is designed to record the vote or votes of shareholders or members under section 408 or section 409 or at a meeting of the shareholders or members.  (5) "Board" means board of directors or trustees or other governing board of a corporation.  (6) "Bonds" includes secured and unsecured bonds, debentures, and notes.  (7) "Business corporation" or "domestic business corporation" means a corporation for profit formed under the business corporation act, or existing on January 1, 1973 and formed before January 1, 1973 under any other statute of this state for a purpose for which a corporation for profit may be organized under that statute.  (8) "Business corporation act" means the business corporation act, 1972 PA 284, MCL 450.1101 to 450.2098. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2106 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2106 - Definitions; C to E.

450.2106 Definitions; C to E.Sec. 106.  (1) "Charitable purpose corporation" means a domestic corporation that meets any of the following:  (a) Is recognized by the United States internal revenue service as exempt or qualifies for exemption under section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 501.  (b) Is a corporation whose purposes, structure, and activities are exclusively those that are described in section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 501.  (c) Is a corporation organized or held out to be organized exclusively for 1 or more charitable purposes.  (2) "Corporation" or "domestic corporation" means a nonprofit corporation formed under this act, or formed under any other statute of this state and subject to this act under section 121 or 123 or under any other section of this act.   (3) "Department" means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs.  (4) "Director" means an individual who is a member of the board of a corporation. The term is synonymous with "trustee" of a corporation or other similar designation.   (5) "Distribution" means a direct or indirect transfer of money or other property, except the corporation's shares or memberships, or debt incurred by the corporation to or for the benefit of its shareholders or members in connection with the corporation's shares or memberships. A distribution may be in the form of a dividend, a purchase, redemption or other acquisition of shares or memberships, an issuance of indebtedness, the conversion of stock or membership in the corporation to bonds or other indebtedness, or any other declaration or payment to or for the benefit of the shareholders or members.  (6) "Electronic transmission" or "electronically transmitted" means any form of communication that meets all of the following:  (a) It does not directly involve the physical transmission of paper.  (b) It creates a record that may be retained and retrieved by the recipient.  (c) It may be directly reproduced in paper form by the recipient through an automated process. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 29, 2008 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 222, Imd. Eff. July 16, 2008 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2107 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2107 - Definitions; F.

450.2107 Definitions; F.Sec. 107.  (1) "Foreign business corporation" means a corporation for profit that is formed under laws other than the laws of this state, that includes in its purposes a purpose for which a corporation may be formed under the business corporation act.  (2) "Foreign corporation" means a nonprofit corporation formed under laws other than the laws of this state, if its purpose or purposes are a purpose or purposes for which a corporation may be formed under this act. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2108 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2108 - Definitions; M to P.

450.2108 Definitions; M to P.Sec. 108.  (1) "Member" means a person that has a membership in a corporation in accordance with the provisions of its articles of incorporation or bylaws.  (2) "Nonprofit corporation" means a corporation incorporated to carry out any lawful purpose or purposes that does not involve pecuniary profit or gain for its directors, officers, shareholders, or members.  (3) "Person" means an individual, a partnership, a domestic corporation, a domestic business corporation, a foreign corporation, a foreign business corporation, a limited liability company, or any other association, corporation, trust, or legal entity.  (4) "Predecessor act" means an act or part of an act repealed by this act, or an act or part of an act repealed by an act that this act repeals.  (5) "Private foundation" means a tax exempt corporation described in section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 501, that is classified as a private foundation under section 509(a) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 509. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 1987, Act 170, Eff. Jan. 1, 1988 ;-- Am. 1990, Act 39, Imd. Eff. Mar. 29, 1990 ;-- Am. 1993, Act 129, Imd. Eff. July 22, 1993 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2109 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2109 - Definitions; S.

450.2109 Definitions; S.Sec. 109.  (1) "Shareholder" means a person that holds shares of a domestic corporation, foreign corporation, domestic business corporation, or foreign business corporation.  (2) "Shares" means the units into which interests of shareholders in a domestic corporation, foreign corporation, domestic business corporation, or foreign business corporation are divided.  (3) "Services in a learned profession" means services provided by a dentist, an osteopathic physician, a physician, a surgeon, a doctor of divinity or other clergy, or an attorney at law. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2110 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2110 - Definitions; V.

450.2110 Definitions; V.Sec. 110.  (1) "Volunteer" means an individual who performs services for a corporation, other than services as a volunteer director, who does not receive compensation or any other type of consideration for the services other than reimbursement for expenses actually incurred.  (2) "Volunteer director" means a director who does not receive anything of more than nominal value from the corporation for serving as a director other than reasonable per diem compensation and reimbursement for actual, reasonable, and necessary expenses incurred by a director in his or her capacity as a director. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 1987, Act 170, Eff. Jan. 1, 1988 ;-- Am. 1990, Act 39, Imd. Eff. Mar. 29, 1990 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2121 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2121 - Corporations to Which Act Applicable; Corporation Formed Under Predecessor Act.

450.2121 Corporations to which act applicable; corporation formed under predecessor act.Sec. 121.  (1) Except as otherwise provided in this act or by other law, this act applies to all of the following:  (a) Every domestic corporation formed under this act or under a predecessor act, for a purpose or purposes for which a corporation might be formed under this act.  (b) Every foreign corporation that is authorized to or does conduct affairs in this state except as otherwise provided under this act or another statute.  (c) Any other domestic corporation or foreign corporation that is not formed under this act to the extent, if any, provided under section 123 or any other provision of this act or under a provision of any law governing that domestic or foreign corporation.  (2) A corporation formed under or subject to a predecessor act is subject to this act except to the extent that this act conflicts with the articles and bylaws of the corporation lawfully made under the predecessor act. The corporation may amend its articles and bylaws to bring itself in conformity with this act. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015
MI Comp L § 450.2122 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2122 - Statutory Reference to Repealed Act as Reference to This Act; Statutes Inapplicable to Domestic Corporation; Uniform Voidable Transactions Act Inapplicable to Distributions.

450.2122 Statutory reference to repealed act as reference to this act; statutes inapplicable to domestic corporation; uniform voidable transactions act inapplicable to distributions.Sec. 122.  (1) A reference in any statute of this state to parts of any act that are repealed by this act is considered to be a reference to this act, unless the context requires otherwise.  (2) The following statutes do not apply to a domestic corporation:   (a) 1846 RS 55, MCL 450.504 to 450.525.  (b) 1955 PA 156, MCL 450.701 to 450.704.  (3) The uniform voidable transactions act, 1998 PA 434, MCL 566.31 to 566.45, does not apply to distributions permitted under this act. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015 ;-- Am. 2016, Act 554, Eff. Apr. 10, 2017
MI Comp L § 450.2123 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 450 - Corporations|Act 162 of 1982 - Nonprofit Corporation Act (450.2101 - 450.3192)|162-1982-1 - Chapter 1 (450.2101...450.2151)|Section 450.2123 - Applicability to Corporation Formed Under Other Act Not Repealed by This Act; Organizations to Which Act Inapplicable.

450.2123 Applicability to corporation formed under other act not repealed by this act; organizations to which act inapplicable.Sec. 123.  (1) Subject to subsection (3), unless otherwise provided in, and to the extent not inconsistent with, the act under which a corporation is or has been formed, this act applies to a corporation that is or has been formed under an act other than this act and not repealed by this act.  (2) A corporation described in subsection (1) includes, but is not limited to, any of the following:  (a) A cooperative corporation classified as a nonprofit corporation under section 98 of 1931 PA 327, MCL 450.98.  (b) A secret society or lodge.   (c) A trustee corporation that holds property for charitable, religious, benevolent, educational, or other public benefit purposes.   (d) A church trustee corporation.   (e) An educational corporation that is organized as a trustee corporation or a nonprofit corporation.  (f) An ecclesiastical corporation.   (g) A public building corporation.  (h) A street railway under the nonprofit street railway act, 1867 PA 35, MCL 472.1 to 472.27.  (3) Except as provided in subsection (2)(h), this act does not apply to insurance or surety companies, credit unions, savings and loan associations, fraternal benefit societies, railroad, bridge, or tunnel companies, union depot companies, or banking corporations. History: 1982, Act 162, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983 ;-- Am. 1990, Act 39, Imd. Eff. Mar. 29, 1990 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 482, Imd. Eff. Jan. 12, 2009 ;-- Am. 2014, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Jan. 15, 2015