reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Ins Code § 1372 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 5 - Finances|Section 1372.

1372.  Every other exchange shall maintain at all times assets in a sum sufficient to discharge all liabilities and to provide a surplus over all liabilities of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000).An exchange subject to the provisions of this section is also subject to the provisions of Sections 1370.2, 1370.4, and 1370.8.(Amended by Stats. 1961, Ch. 454.)
CA Ins Code § 1373.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 5 - Finances|Section 1373.1.

1373.1.  No certificate of authority, other than a renewal certificate of authority, shall be issued to the attorney within three years from and after the time when the exchange commences business as an insurer nor within three years from and after the time it is first organized unless assets equal to the sum of its liabilities and the minimum surplus required by this chapter are maintained in cash or one or more of the following:(a) Securities specified in Sections 1170 to 1175 inclusive;(b) Bonds specified in Section 1176, if such bonds are legal for investment of savings banks in this State;(c) Such securities specified in Sections 1178 to 1202, inclusive, as are legal for investment of savings banks in this State;(d) Premiums in course of collection, or agents’ balances representing premiums, on policies effected not more than 90 days prior to the date on which such premiums or balances are valued for the purposes of this section, and earned service fees receivable, not over 90 days due, and evidences of debt representing such assets;(e) Interest accrued and dividends declared, receivable on any of the assets specified in subsections (a) to (d), inclusive, no part of which interest or dividends has been due in excess of one year;(f) Amount of reinsurance recoverable from admitted insurers.(Added by Stats. 1951, Ch. 544.)
CA Ins Code § 1373.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 5 - Finances|Section 1373.2.

1373.2.  (a) Except as provided in subsection (b) hereof, an exchange, the attorney for which holds a certificate of authority, which has been in business as an insurer less than three years from and after the time when it commenced business as an insurer shall maintain its assets during the balance of such three-year period in the type of assets specified in Section 1373.1, excepting such of its assets as are in excess of the sum of its liabilities and the surplus required for issuance of a certificate of authority, other than a renewal certificate of authority. Upon its failure so to do the commissioner may revoke the certificate of authority. The proceedings shall be conducted in accordance with Chapter 5 of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, and the commissioner shall have all the powers granted therein.(b) This section shall not apply to an exchange, the attorney for which holds a certificate of authority on the effective date hereof, until January 1, 1954. (Added by Stats. 1951, Ch. 544.)
CA Ins Code § 1374 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 5 - Finances|Section 1374.

1374.  In estimating the financial condition of any exchange the commissioner shall observe the following rules:(a) He or she shall charge as liabilities the same reserves as are required of incorporated insurers issuing nonassessable policies on a reserve basis.(b) Surplus deposits of subscribers shall not be charged as a liability.(c) All premium deposits and surplus deposits of subscribers due and unpaid for a period not exceeding 90 days shall be allowed as admitted assets, as in the case of incorporated insurers issuing nonassessable policies on a reserve basis. (d) An assessment levied as provided in this chapter, and not collected shall in no event be allowed as an asset.(e) The computation of reserves shall be based upon premium deposits without any deduction for the compensation of the attorney.(Amended by Stats. 1984, Ch. 564, Sec. 2.)
CA Ins Code § 1374.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 5 - Finances|Section 1374.1.

1374.1.  (a) “Surplus deposits of subscribers,” as used in this chapter, means amounts, over and above any premium charges, which are contributed by subscribers and which are used for the purpose of funding the surplus of a reciprocal or interinsurance exchange. No subscriber shall have a secured or preferred claim against any of the assets of the reciprocal or interinsurance exchange arising out of surplus deposits. All assets, including the surplus deposits, shall be held by the reciprocal or interinsurance exchange and made available for payment of claims of policyholders and creditors of the reciprocal or interinsurance exchange in preference to any claim for withdrawal by a subscriber. A subscriber may, upon withdrawal from membership and cancellation of all such insurance contracts held by the subscriber with the insurer, withdraw the amount of the subscriber’s surplus deposits, less such surrender charges as may be deducted pursuant to the subscriber’s or insured’s agreement, but only if the subscriber has given written notice to the attorney-in-fact at least 60 days in advance of the withdrawal.(b) Withdrawal of surplus deposits of subscribers shall not be permitted if, as a result of the withdrawal, the policyholder’s surplus of the exchange would be less than the capital and surplus required by Sections 700.01, 700.02, and 700. 025.(c) Withdrawal of surplus deposits of subcribers shall not be permitted after an order of conservation or liquidation of, or the appointment of a conservator or liquidator for, any such reciprocal or interinsurance exchange.(Added by Stats. 1984, Ch. 564, Sec. 3.)
CA Ins Code § 1375 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 5 - Finances|Section 1375.

1375.  Where the subscribers are grouped by industries or otherwise under any ruling or agreement which exempts the funds of one group from liability in whole or in part for the payment of losses or expenses chargeable against another group, each such independent group shall maintain the reserves and surplus required for a separate exchange and the requirements of subdivisions (f) and (g) of section 1322 relative to the number and amount of risks to be assumed must be observed as to each group.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1390 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1390.

1390.  The provisions of this article shall apply only to exchanges writing liability, common carrier liability, or workers’ compensation insurance, except that any exchange may apply for and receive the certificate provided for by Section 1401.(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 231, Sec. 8. (AB 2045) Effective January 1, 2019.)
CA Ins Code § 1391 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1391.

1391.  Whenever an exchange subject to this article, is not possessed of admitted assets sufficient to discharge all liabilities and to maintain the required surplus, the attorney may make an assessment for the amount, subject to the limits provided by this article, needed to make up the deficiency. If the attorney fails to make the assessment within 30 days after the commissioner orders him to do so, the commissioner may make the assessment. If liquidation of such an exchange is ordered, the assessment may be levied for such an amount, subject to limits provided by this article, as the commissioner determines to be necessary to discharge all liabilities of the exchange, including the reasonable cost of liquidation.(Amended by Stats. 1969, Ch. 1347.)
CA Ins Code § 1392 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1392.

1392.  Except as provided by Sections 1397, 1398, 1400 and 1401, every subscriber of an exchange subject to this article shall be liable to pay, and shall pay, his proportionate part of any such assessment, in accordance with law and his contract covering any such deficiency assessment (a) if he is notified by either the attorney or the commissioner of intention to levy such assessment within one year after the expiration or cancellation of his policy, or, (b) if an order appointing a conservator or liquidator of such exchange is entered, within one year after such expiration or cancellation.The period to be covered by the assessment shall be the period of one year immediately preceding (a) the date of notification by either the attorney or the commissioner of the intention to levy such assessment, or, (b) the date of entry of an order appointing a conservator or liquidator of such exchange, as the case may require.(Amended by Stats. 1941, Ch. 270.)
CA Ins Code § 1393 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1393.

1393.  Each such subscriber’s share of the deficiency for which an assessment is made pursuant to this article, shall be determined by applying to the premium earned on the member’s policy or policies during the period to be covered by the assessment, the ratio of the total deficiency to the total premiums earned during such period, upon all policies subject to such assessment. For the purpose of this section, premium earned is to be calculated upon the basis of the amount of the consideration for which the policy is issued, without the deduction of attorney-in-fact fees, policy fees, or other charges, excepting charges which do not recur upon the renewal or extension of the policy.(Amended by Stats. 1939, Ch. 934.)
CA Ins Code § 1394 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1394.

1394.  Subscribers liable to assessment under this article shall pay the same without offsetting any claim for unearned premiums or losses payable to or for the account of the subscriber.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1395 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1395.

1395.  Assessments under this article shall be made upon the members liable to assessment therefor, in proportion to their several liabilities.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1396 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1396.

1396.  Notice of all such proposed assessments shall be filed with the commissioner and the assessments shall not take effect until approved by him after such investigation as he deems necessary.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1397 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1397.

1397.  Assessments under this article, whether levied by the attorney, or the commissioner in the liquidation of such an exchange or otherwise, shall be of no greater amount than specified in the power of attorney.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1398 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1398.

1398.  The power of attorney of an exchange subject to this article may limit the contingent liability of the subscriber for assessment, but such contingent liability shall not be less than an amount equal to and in addition to the amount of the premium deposit provided in the policy.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1399 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1399.

1399.  Each subscriber to an exchange subject to this article may maintain with the exchange, in addition to the premium deposit provided in the policy, a further deposit to be held as the surplus deposit of such subscriber.(Amended by Stats. 1937, Ch. 727.)
CA Ins Code § 1400 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1400.

1400.  Each such subscriber maintaining a surplus deposit equal to, and in addition to, the amount of the total current annual premium deposit provided in his policy, shall have no liability for assessment during the period such surplus deposit is so maintained.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1401 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1401.

1401.  If an exchange has a surplus of admitted assets over all liabilities in a sum equal to 11/2 times the minimum paid-in capital required of incorporated insurers issuing policies on a reserve basis and doing the same classes of insurance, then the Insurance Commissioner, upon written request, shall issue his certificate stating such fact. Subscribers at an exchange so certified shall have no liability for assessment on policies issued while such certificate remains in effect. Whenever the commissioner finds such fact does not exist, he shall revoke and require the surrender of his certificate. Upon revocation of such certificate no policy shall thereafter be issued nor be permitted to remain in force beyond the date fixed for the next payment of premium without written endorsement thereon providing for assessment liability in accordance with the terms of this chapter.(Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 1131, Sec. 9. Operative July 1, 1982, by Sec. 29 of Ch. 1401.)
CA Ins Code § 1402 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 6 - Assessment of Insurers|Section 1402.

1402.  All funds of such exchange and the proceeds of the contingent liability of its subscribers shall be available for the payment of any liability of the exchange.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1420 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 7 - Dividends|Section 1420.

1420.  Savings or credits may be returned to the subscribers irrespective of the source from which such savings or credits accrue whenever such returns do not constitute an impairment of the assets or reserves required to be maintained.(Amended by Stats. 1967, Ch. 581.)
CA Ins Code § 1430 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 8 - Reports and Examination|Section 1430.

1430.  The attorney shall make a report, under oath, to the commissioner covering each calendar year. Such report shall be made annually during the time limited for the filing of annual statements by insurers transacting the same class of insurance. It shall show the financial condition of the exchange.The attorney shall at any time furnish such additional information and reports, other than names and addresses of subscribers, as the commissioner requires. The attorney shall not be required to furnish the names or addresses of any subscribers except in case of an unpaid final judgment against the exchange.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1431 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 8 - Reports and Examination|Section 1431.

1431.  The assets, business affairs and records of every exchange and its attorney shall be subject to examination by the commissioner at any reasonable time. The cost and expense of such examination shall be paid as prescribed in Section 736.(Amended by Stats. 1947, Ch. 1008.)
CA Ins Code § 1432 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 8 - Reports and Examination|Section 1432.

1432.  The commissioner has:(a) The right of examination of and supervision over reciprocal or interinsurance exchanges, their attorneys, agents and brokers.(b) The right to hold and conduct hearings in the manner and under the same procedure as in the case of other insurers.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1433 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 8 - Reports and Examination|Section 1433.

1433.  The commissioner’s right of examination shall include the right to examine the records containing the names and addresses of the subscribers. Any information obtained from such records shall be confidential and the disclosure thereof, except under order of court, constitutes a breach of official duty.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1434 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 8 - Reports and Examination|Section 1434.

1434.  Where the principal office of the attorney is located in another State, the commissioner, in lieu of examination may accept a certified copy of the report of examination made by the insurance authority of another State.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1450 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 9 - Suits|Section 1450.

1450.  The exchange may sue or be sued in its own name as in the case of an individual. Any judgment rendered against the exchange shall be binding upon each subscriber only in such proportion as his interests may appear.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1451 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 9 - Suits|Section 1451.

1451.  No action shall lie against any subscriber, upon any obligation made or incurred in the name of the exchange, until a final judgment has been obtained against the exchange and remains unsatisfied for thirty days.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1452 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 9 - Suits|Section 1452.

1452.  Process may be served upon the commissioner as provided in Article 1 (commencing with Section 12919) of Chapter 2 of Division 3.(Amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 949.)
CA Ins Code § 1453 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 9 - Suits|Section 1453.

1453.  A judgment rendered in any case where service of process has been made on the commissioner shall be binding against the subscribers as their interests appear.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1470 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 10 - Policy|Section 1470.

1470.  In any form of policy prescribed by this code, the attorney may insert provisions or conditions required by the plan of reciprocal or interinsurance if the plan is not inconsistent with, or in conflict with, any law of this State.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1500 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 12 - Agents and Brokers|Section 1500.

1500.  The provisions of this code regarding the appointment, licensing, qualification and regulation of insurance agents, brokers and solicitors, apply neither to the attorney-in-fact of a reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, nor to the salaried representatives of such exchange or attorney who receive no commissions, but do apply in the case of any agent, broker or solicitor of any reciprocal or interinsurance exchange who receives any commission.(Amended by Stats. 1947, Ch. 577.)
CA Ins Code § 1510 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 13 - Penalties|Section 1510.

1510.  Any attorney-in-fact or representative of such an attorney who exchanges, or solicits or negotiates the exchange of, any contracts of insurance of the kind and character specified in this chapter, except as provided in section 1511, without compliance by the attorney with the provisions of this chapter, is guilty of a misdemeanor.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1511 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 13 - Penalties|Section 1511.

1511.  For the purpose of organization, and upon issuance of permit by the commissioner, powers of attorney and applications for such policies may be solicited without compliance with the provisions of this chapter, but no attorney, agent or other person shall execute any such policies until all of the provisions of this chapter are complied with.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 1512 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 3 - Reciprocal Insurers|ARTICLE 13 - Penalties|Section 1512.

1512.  In addition to the foregoing penalties and where not otherwise provided, the penalty for failure or refusal to comply with any or all of the provisions of this chapter upon the part of the attorney, shall be the refusal, suspension or revocation of certificate of authority. Before such refusal, suspension or revocation, notice and hearing shall be given such attorney in accordance with the procedure provided in Section 704.(Amended by Stats. 1945, Ch. 901.)