reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 10-5A-27 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 5A - Commodities and Commodity Contracts and Options|Article 2 - Enforcement|§ 10-5A-27. Applicability of Code Sections 10-5a-2, 10-5a-5, and 10-5a-6

  Code Sections 10-5A-2, 10-5A-5, and 10-5A-6 apply to persons who offer to sell or solicit a purchase when:   An offer to sell or solicitation of a purchase is made in this state; or   An offer to sell or solicitation of a purchase is made and accepted in this state.     Code Sections 10-5A-2, 10-5A-5, and 10-5A-6 apply to persons who offer to buy or solicit a sale when:   An offer to buy or solicitation of a sale is made in this state; or   An offer to buy or solicitation of a sale is made and accepted in this state.     For the purpose of this Code section, an offer to sell or to buy or a solicitation of a purchase or sale is made in this state, whether or not either party is then present in this state, when the offer or solicitation:   Originates from this state; or   Is directed by the offeror or solicitor to this state and received at the place to which it is directed or at any post office in this state in the case of a mailed offer or solicitation.     For the purpose of this Code section, an offer to buy or to sell or solicitation of a sale or purchase is accepted in this state when acceptance:   Is communicated to the offeror or solicitor in this state; and   Has not previously been communicated to the offeror or solicitor, orally or in writing, outside this state; and acceptance is communicated to the offeror in this state, whether or not either party is then present in this state, when the offeree directs it to the offeror or solicitor in this state, reasonably believing the offeror or solicitor to be in this state and it is received at the place to which it is directed or at any post office in this state in the case of a mailed acceptance.     An offer to sell or to buy or solicitation of a purchase or sale is not made in this state when:   The publisher circulates or there is circulated on his behalf in this state any bona fide newspaper or other publication of general, regular, and paid circulation which is not published in this state, or which is published in this state but has had more than two-thirds of its circulation outside this state during the past 12 months; or   A radio or television program originating outside this state is received in this state.       (Code 1981, §10-5A-27, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1636, § 1.)
GA Code § 10-5A-28 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 5A - Commodities and Commodity Contracts and Options|Article 2 - Enforcement|§ 10-5A-28. Administrative Proceedings

  The Commissioner shall commence an administrative proceeding under this chapter by entering either a notice of intent to do a contemplated act or a summary order. The notice of intent or summary order may be entered without notice, without opportunity for hearing, and need not be supported by findings of fact or conclusions of law, but must be in writing.   Upon entry of a notice of intent or summary order, the Commissioner shall promptly notify all interested parties that the notice or summary order has been entered and the reasons therefor. If the proceeding is pursuant to a notice of intent, the Commissioner shall inform all interested parties of the date, time, and place set for the hearing on the notice. If the proceeding is pursuant to a summary order, the Commissioner shall inform all interested parties that they have 30 business days from the entry of the order to file a written request for a hearing on the matter with the Commissioner and that the hearing will be scheduled to commence within 30 business days after the receipt of the written request.   If the proceeding is pursuant to a summary order, the Commissioner, whether or not a written request for a hearing is received from any interested party, may set the matter down for hearing on the Commissioner's own motion.   If no hearing is requested and none is ordered by the Commissioner, the summary order will automatically become a final order after 30 business days.   If a hearing is requested or ordered, the Commissioner, after notice of, and opportunity for, hearing to all interested persons, may modify or vacate the order or extend it until final determination.   No final order or order after hearing may be returned without:   Appropriate notice to all interested persons;   Opportunity for hearing by all interested persons; and   Entry of written findings of fact and conclusions of law.  Every hearing in an administrative proceeding under this chapter shall be public unless the Commissioner grants a request joined in by all the respondents that the hearing be conducted privately.        (Code 1981, §10-5A-28, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1636, § 1.)
GA Code § 10-5A-29 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 5A - Commodities and Commodity Contracts and Options|Article 2 - Enforcement|§ 10-5A-29. Judicial Review of Commissioner's Orders

  Any person aggrieved by a final order of the Commissioner may obtain a review of the order in a superior court of appropriate jurisdiction by filing in court, within 60 days after the entry of the order, a written petition praying that the order be modified or set aside in whole or in part. A copy of the petition for review shall be served upon the Commissioner.   Upon the filing of a petition for review, except where the taking of additional evidence is ordered by the court pursuant to subsection (e) or (f) of this Code section, the court shall have exclusive jurisdiction of the matter, and the Commissioner may not modify or set aside the order, in whole or in part.   The filing of a petition for review under subsection (a) of this Code section does not, unless specifically ordered by the court, operate as a stay of the Commissioner's order, and the Commissioner may enforce or ask the court to enforce the order pending the outcome of the review proceedings.   Upon receipt of the petition for review, the Commissioner shall certify and file in the court a copy of the order and the transcript or record of the evidence upon which it was based. If the order became final by operation of law under subsection (d) of Code Section 10-5A-28, the Commissioner shall certify and file in court the summary order and evidence of its service upon the parties to it and an affidavit certifying that no hearing has been held and that the order became final pursuant to subsection (d) of Code Section 10-5A-28.   If either the aggrieved party or the Commissioner applies to the court for leave to adduce additional evidence and shows to the satisfaction of the court that there were reasonable grounds for failure to adduce the evidence in the hearing before the Commissioner or other good cause, the court may order the additional evidence to be taken by the Commissioner under such conditions as the court considers proper.   If new evidence is ordered taken by the court, the Commissioner may modify the findings and order by reason of the additional evidence and shall file in the court the additional evidence together with any modified or new findings or order.   The court shall review the petition based upon the original record before the Commissioner as amended under subsections (e) and (f) of this Code section. The findings of the Commissioner as to the facts, if supported by competent, material, and substantive evidence, are conclusive. Based upon this review, the court may affirm, modify, enforce, or set aside the order, in whole or in part.     (Code 1981, §10-5A-29, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1636, § 1.)
GA Code § 10-5A-30 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 5A - Commodities and Commodity Contracts and Options|Article 2 - Enforcement|§ 10-5A-30. Burden of Proving Exemptions

 It shall not be necessary to prove the negative as to any of the exemptions of this chapter in any complaint, information, indictment, writ, or proceeding brought under this chapter; and the burden of proof of any such exemption shall be upon the party claiming the same.    (Code 1981, §10-5A-30, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1636, § 1.)
GA Code § 10-5A-31 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 5A - Commodities and Commodity Contracts and Options|Article 2 - Enforcement|§ 10-5A-31. Criminal Penalties for Violating Chapter; Institution of Criminal Proceedings

  Any person who willfully violates any provision of this chapter shall be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than $50,000.00 or imprisoned for not more than ten years, or both, for each violation.   The Commissioner may refer such evidence as is available concerning violations of this chapter or any rule or order of the Commissioner to the Attorney General or the proper district attorney, who may, with or without such a reference from the Commissioner, institute the appropriate criminal proceedings under this chapter.     (Code 1981, §10-5A-31, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1636, § 1.)
GA Code § 10-6-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 1 - Creation and Nature of Relationship|§ 10-6-2. Formality Necessary to Create Agency

 Where the exercise or performance of an agency is bywritten instrument, the agency shall also be created by written instrument; provided, however, unless a contrary intent is expressly set forth therein, any written instrument creating an agency regardless of the formality of its execution shall conclusively be deemed to authorize the execution of instruments with the formalities necessary or appropriate to accomplish the purposes for which the agency was granted.A corporation may create an agent in its usual mode of transacting business and without its corporate seal. Any deed or other instrument executed under seal pursuant to an agency created by an act not under seal, if not otherwise required to be under seal for its validity, shall be binding upon the principal and valid as if an unsealed instrument.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2160; Code 1868, § 2156; Code 1873, § 2182; Code 1882, § 2182; Civil Code 1895, § 3002; Civil Code 1910, § 3574; Code 1933, § 4-105; Ga. L. 1991, p. 410, § 1; Ga. L. 1993, p. 457, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For article surveying recent legislative and judicial developments in Georgia's real property laws, see 31 Mercer L. Rev. 187 (1979).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Real Estate Transactions   Corporate Agents    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, § 14.   C.J.S.   - 2A C.J.S., Agency, § 38 et seq.   ALR.    - Applicability to corporate officers and employees of statute requiring agent's authority to be in writing, 1 A.L.R. 1132.    Liability of bank for losses incurred on loans or investments made on recommendation of its officers or employees, 113 A.L.R. 246.    Recording laws as applied to power of attorney under which deed or mortgage is executed, 114 A.L.R. 660.    Construction and application of statute which enables real estate broker to recover commissions on oral contract with owner who has been served with written notice of the terms thereof, 148 A.L.R. 676.   Advertising agency as agent of advertising medium or of advertiser, 53 A.L.R.2d 1139.   Doctrine of apparent authority as applied to agent of municipality, 77 A.L.R.3d 925.
GA Code § 10-6-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 1 - Creation and Nature of Relationship|§ 10-6-3. Who May Be Agent

 Any person who is of sound mind may be appointed an agent; so a principal shall be bound by the acts of his infant agent.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2159; Code 1868, § 2155; Code 1873, § 2181; Code 1882, § 2181; Civil Code 1895, § 3001; Civil Code 1910, § 3573; Code 1933, § 4-102.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, § 12 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 2A C.J.S., Agency, §§ 25, 28.   ALR.    - Infant's appointment of agent, and acts of agent thereunder, as void or voidable, 31 A.L.R. 1001.
GA Code § 10-6-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 1 - Creation and Nature of Relationship|§ 10-6-4. Fiduciary Authority to Sell and Convey Property as Attorneys in Fact

  Personal representatives, guardians, conservators, and trustees are authorized to sell and convey property by attorneys in fact in all cases where they may lawfully sell and convey in person.   When a personal representative, guardian, conservator, or trustee exercising the authority conferred by subsection (a) of this Code section appoints an attorney in fact by a power of attorney to which Chapter 6B of this title is applicable under Code Section 10-6B-81, the exercise of fiduciary powers by such attorney in fact under such power of attorney shall be subject to Code Section 10-6B-40.    (Ga. L. 1855-56, p. 148, § 11; Code 1868, § 2154; Code 1873, § 2180; Code 1882, § 2180; Civil Code 1895, § 3000; Civil Code 1910, § 3572; Code 1933, § 4-104; Ga. L. 2006, p. 805, § 1/SB 534; Ga. L. 2020, p. 377, § 2-8/HB 865.)    The 2020 amendment,  effective January 1, 2021, designated the existing provisions as subsection (a), substituted "Personal representatives" for "Executors, administrators" in subsection (a), and added subsection (b).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, §§ 20, 112 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 2A C.J.S., Agency, § 225 et seq.   ALR.    - Liability of receiver in his official capacity for torts or negligence of receivership employees, 10 A.L.R. 1055.   Disposition of all or residue of testator's property, without referring to power of appointment, as constituting sufficient manifestation of intention to exercise power, in absence of statute, 15 A.L.R.3d 346.   Liability of executor or administrator, or his bond, for loss caused to estate by act or default of his agent or attorney, 28 A.L.R.3d 1191.
GA Code § 10-6-5 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 1 - Creation and Nature of Relationship|§ 10-6-5. What May Be Done by Agent; Delegation of Agent's Authority

 Whatever one may do himself may be done by an agent, except such personal trusts in which special confidence is placed on the skill, discretion, or judgment of the person called in to act; so an agent may not delegate his authority to another unless specially empowered to do so.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2158; Code 1868, § 2153; Code 1873, § 2179; Code 1882, § 2179; Civil Code 1895, § 2999; Civil Code 1910, § 3571; Code 1933, § 4-103.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "The Georgia Power of Attorney Act," see 24 Ga. St. B.J. 20 (Dec. 2018).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Delegation of Authority    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, §§ 2, 146 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 2A C.J.S., Agency, §§ 141, 143, 254, 255, 281.   ALR.    - Authority of agent to assent to account stated, 2 A.L.R. 71.    Validity of rule or stipulation making messenger in employment of telegraph company agent of sender in taking message to office for transmission, 9 A.L.R. 1235.    Validity of factor's pledge of his principal's property, 14 A.L.R. 423.    Liability of undisclosed principal on sealed contract, 32 A.L.R. 162.    Death as revoking power of attorney to transfer corporate stock, 40 A.L.R. 1004.    Character as holder in due course of concern which takes paper from its dealers or agents, 61 A.L.R. 694.    Implied or ostensible authority of officer, agent, or employee to engage medical services, 71 A.L.R. 638.    Authority of claim agent as regards terms or condition of settlement, 87 A.L.R. 1277.    Necessity of alleging fact of agency in declaring upon contract made by party through agent, 89 A.L.R. 895.    Power of sale as including power to mortgage, 92 A.L.R. 882.    Agent's authority to collect or receive payment as including implied, apparent, or ostensible authority to do so before maturity of obligations, 100 A.L.R. 389.   Authority of agent to endorse and transfer commercial paper, 37 A.L.R.2d 453.   Authority of agent to borrow money for principal, 55 A.L.R.2d 1215.   Agent's authority to execute warrant of attorney to confess judgment against principal, 92 A.L.R.2d 952.   Discharge of debtor who makes payment by delivering checks payable to creditor to latter's agent, where agent forges creditor's signature and absconds with proceeds, 49 A.L.R.3d 843.   Principal's liability for punitive damages because of false arrest or imprisonment, or malicious prosecution, by agent or employee, 93 A.L.R.3d 826.   Tort liability of public schools and institutions of higher learning for accidents associated with transportation of students, 23 A.L.R.5th 1.
GA Code § 10-6-6 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 1 - Creation and Nature of Relationship|§ 10-6-6. Conditional Power of Attorney

  As used in this Code section, the term "conditional power of attorney" means a written power of attorney stating that it becomes effective at a specified future time or on the occurrence of a specified event or contingency, including, but not limited to, the subsequent incapacity of the principal.   In a conditional power of attorney, the principal may designate one or more persons who, by a written declaration under penalty of false swearing, have the power to determine conclusively that the specified event or contingency has occurred.The principal may designate the attorney in fact or another person to perform this function, either alone or jointly with other persons.   A power of attorney containing the designation described in subsection (b) of this Code section becomes effective when the person or persons designated in the power of attorney execute a written declaration under penalty of false swearing that the specified event or contingency has occurred; and any person may act in reliance on the written declaration without liability to the principal or to any other person, regardless of whether the specified event or contingency has actually occurred.   This Code section shall apply to a power of attorney whether executed before, on, or after July 1, 1993, if the power of attorney contains the designation described in subsection (b) of this Code section.   Subsections (b) and (c) of this Code section do not provide the exclusive method by which a power of attorney may be limited to take effect upon the occurrence of a specified event or contingency.     (Code 1981, §10-6-6, enacted by Ga. L. 1993, p. 1052, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For note on 1993 enactment of this Code section, see 10 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 31 (1993).
GA Code § 10-6-7 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 1 - Creation and Nature of Relationship|§ 10-6-7. Application

 This chapter shall not apply to powers of attorney to which Chapter 6B of this title is applicable.    (Code 1981, §10-6-7, enacted by Ga. L. 2017, p. 435, § 3-1/HB 221.)
GA Code § 10-6-20 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 2 - Relations Between Principal and Agent|§ 10-6-20. Rights Under Agency for Illegal Purpose

 No rights shall arise to either party out of an agency created for an illegal purpose.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2169; Code 1868, § 2165; Code 1873, § 2191; Code 1882, § 2191; Civil Code 1895, § 3018; Civil Code 1910, § 3590; Code 1933, § 4-201.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, §§ 17, 55.   ALR.    - Right to recover against employee or his bond for money or property, the fruits of an employment involving a violation of law, 2 A.L.R. 906.    Right to recover money which the plaintiff placed in the hands of an agent, to be used for gambling purposes, 3 A.L.R. 1635.    Illegality of transaction or proposed transaction as affecting right of real estate broker to commission for promoting it, 85 A.L.R. 274.
GA Code § 10-6-22 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 2 - Relations Between Principal and Agent|§ 10-6-22. Diligence Required of Agent

 An agent for hire shall be bound to exercise, about the business of his principal, that ordinary care, skill, and diligence required of a bailee for hire. A voluntary agent, without hire or reward, shall be liable only for gross neglect.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2163; Code 1868, § 2159; Code 1873, § 2185; Code 1882, § 2185; Civil Code 1895, § 3009; Civil Code 1910, § 3581; Code 1933, § 4-203.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, § 213 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 2A C.J.S., Agency, § 305 et seq.   ALR.    - Liability of agent for shrinkage or shortage in commodity purchased for principal, 8 A.L.R. 1120.    Duty of factor, broker, or commission merchant with respect to care and protection of goods entrusted to him, 17 A.L.R. 538.    Liability of real estate agent or broker to employer because of unfit character of purchaser or tenant procured by him, 60 A.L.R. 1379.    Personal liability of agent in respect of funds received from third person and turned over to principal not entitled thereto, 82 A.L.R. 307.   Advertising agency as agent of advertising medium or of advertiser, 53 A.L.R.2d 1139.   Liability of vendor's real-estate broker or agent to purchaser or prospect for misrepresenting or concealing offer or acceptance, 55 A.L.R.2d 342.   Real-estate broker's liability to principal for accepting note, check, or property, rather than cash, as earnest money, 59 A.L.R.2d 1455.   Right of principal to recover punitive damages for agent's or broker's breach of duty, 67 A.L.R.2d 952.   Liability of real-estate broker to principal for negligence in carrying out agency, 94 A.L.R.2d 468.   Liability of insurance agent, for exposure of insurer to liability, because of failure to cancel or reduce risk, 35 A.L.R.3d 792.   Liability of insurance agent, for exposure of insurer to liability, because of failure to fully disclose or assess risk or to report issuance of policy, 35 A.L.R.3d 821.   Liability of insurance agent, for exposure of insurer to liability, because of issuance of policy beyond authority or contrary to instructions, 35 A.L.R.3d 907.   Liability of insurance agent or broker on ground of inadequacy of liability insurance coverage procured, 72 A.L.R.3d 704, 60 A.L.R.5th 165.   Liability of insurance agent or broker on ground of inadequacy of life, health, and accident insurance coverage procured, 72 A.L.R.3d 735.   Liability of insurance agent or broker on ground of inadequacy of property insurance coverage procured, 72 A.L.R.3d 747.   Liability of insurance agent or broker for placing insurance with insolvent carrier, 42 A.L.R.5th 199.
GA Code § 10-6-23 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 6 - Agency|Article 2 - Relations Between Principal and Agent|§ 10-6-23. Agent May Follow Instructions From One of Several Principals

 Where several persons shall appoint an agent to do an act for their joint benefit, the instructions of one, not inconsistent with the general directions, shall protect the agent in his act.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2167; Code 1868, § 2163; Code 1873, § 2189; Code 1882, § 2189; Civil Code 1895, § 3013; Civil Code 1910, § 3585; Code 1933, § 4-207.)   Law reviews.   - For annual survey of law on business associations, see 62 Mercer L. Rev. 41 (2010).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 3 Am. Jur. 2d, Agency, §§ 218 et seq., 239.   C.J.S.   - 2A C.J.S., Agency, §§ 30, 284 et seq.   ALR.   - Liability of member of unincorporated association for tortious acts of association's nonmember agent or employee, 62 A.L.R.3d 1165.