reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MO Rev Stat § 563.051 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 563 - Defense of Justification|Section 563.051 - Private person's use of force in making an arrest.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017, 2 histories   563.051. Private person's use of force in making an arrest. — 1. A private person who has been directed by a person he or she reasonably believes to be a law enforcement officer to assist such officer to effect an arrest or to prevent escape from custody may, subject to the limitations of subsection 3 of this section, use physical force when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes such to be necessary to carry out such officer's direction unless he or she knows or believes that the arrest or prospective arrest is not or was not authorized.  2. A private person acting on his or her own account may, subject to the limitations of subsection 3 of this section, use physical force to arrest or prevent the escape of a person whom such private person reasonably believes has committed an offense, and who in fact has committed such offense, when the private person's actions are immediately necessary to arrest the offender or prevent his or her escape from custody.  3. A private person in effecting an arrest or in preventing escape from custody is justified in using deadly force only:  (1) When deadly force is authorized under other sections of this chapter; or  (2) When he or she reasonably believes deadly force is authorized under the circumstances and he or she is directed or authorized by a law enforcement officer to use deadly force; or  (3) When he or she reasonably believes such use of deadly force is immediately necessary to arrest a person who at that time and in his or her presence:  (a) Committed or attempted to commit a class A felony or murder; or  (b) Is attempting to escape by use of a deadly weapon.  4. The defendant shall have the burden of injecting the issue of justification under this section. ­­-------- (L. 1977 S.B. 60, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Effective 1-01-17
MO Rev Stat § 563.056 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 563 - Defense of Justification|Section 563.056 - Use of force to prevent escape from confinement.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017, 2 histories   563.056. Use of force to prevent escape from confinement. — 1. A guard or other law enforcement officer may, subject to the provisions of subsection 2 of this section, use physical force when he reasonably believes such to be immediately necessary to prevent escape from confinement or in transit thereto or therefrom.  2. A guard or other law enforcement officer may use deadly force under circumstances described in subsection 1 of this section only:  (1) When such use of deadly force is authorized under other sections of this chapter; or  (2) When he or she reasonably believes there is a substantial risk that the escapee will endanger human life or cause serious physical injury unless the escape is prevented.  3. The defendant shall have the burden of injecting the issue of justification under this section. ­­-------- (L. 1977 S.B. 60, A.L. 1983 H.B. 713 Revision, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Effective 1-01-17
MO Rev Stat § 563.070 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 563 - Defense of Justification|Section 563.070 - Accidents an excuse for offense, when.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017, 3 histories   563.070. Accidents an excuse for offense, when. — 1. Conduct which would otherwise constitute an offense under chapter 565 is excusable and not criminal when it is the result of accident in any lawful act by lawful means without knowingly causing or attempting to cause physical injury and without acting with criminal negligence.  2. The defendant shall have the burden of injecting the issue of excuse authorized under this section. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Effective 1-01-17
MO Rev Stat § 563.074 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 563 - Defense of Justification|Section 563.074 - Justification as an absolute defense, when.

Effective - 28 Aug 2007   563.074. Justification as an absolute defense, when. — 1. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 563.016, a person who uses force as described in sections 563.031, 563.041, 563.046, 563.051, 563.056, and 563.061 is justified in using such force and such fact shall be an absolute defense to criminal prosecution or civil liability.  2. The court shall award attorney's fees, court costs, and all reasonable expenses incurred by the defendant in defense of any civil action brought by a plaintiff if the court finds that the defendant has an absolute defense as provided in subsection 1 of this section. ­­-------- (L. 2007 S.B. 62 & 41)
MO Rev Stat § 565.001 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.001 - Procedure for chapter 565.

Effective - 01 Oct 1984, 2 histories   565.001. Procedure for chapter 565. — 1. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the construction and procedures for charging, trial, punishment and appellate review of any offense defined in this chapter and committed after July 1, 1984.  2. The provisions of this chapter shall not govern the construction or procedures for charging, trial, punishment or appellate review of any offense committed before the effective date of this chapter. Such an offense must be construed, punished, charged, tried and reviewed on appeal according to applicable provisions of law existing prior to the effective date of this chapter in the same manner as if this chapter had not been enacted, the provisions of section 1.160 notwithstanding.  3. All provisions of "The Criminal Code" or other law consistent with the provisions of this chapter shall apply to this chapter. In the event of a conflict, the provisions of this chapter shall govern the interpretation of the provisions of this chapter.  4. Persons accused of committing a homicide offense shall be prosecuted:  (1) In the county in which the offense is committed; or  (2) If the offense is committed partly in one county and partly in another, or if the elements of the offense occur in more than one county, then in any of the counties where any element of the offense occurred; or  (3) In the county in which the body of the deceased victim is found; or  (4) If subdivisions (1), (2), and (3) of this subsection do not apply, then in the county in which the victim lived. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A)  Effective 10-01-84
MO Rev Stat § 565.003 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.003 - Culpable mental state may exist though different person killed — time between act and death no defense.

Effective - 01 Oct 1984, 2 histories   565.003. Culpable mental state may exist though different person killed — time between act and death no defense. — 1. The culpable mental state necessary for a homicide offense may be found to exist if the only difference between what actually occurred and what was the object of the offender's state of mind is that a different person or persons were killed.  2. The length of time which transpires between conduct which results in a death and is the basis of a homicide offense and the event of such death is no defense to any charge of homicide. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A)  Effective 10-01-84
MO Rev Stat § 565.005 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.005 - Prior to trial for first degree murder, opposing counsels to furnish requested information, rules applied.

Effective - 01 Oct 1984, 2 histories   565.005. Prior to trial for first degree murder, opposing counsels to furnish requested information, rules applied. — 1. At a reasonable time before the commencement of the first stage of any trial of murder in the first degree at which the death penalty is not waived, the state and defendant, upon request and without order of the court, shall serve counsel of the opposing party with:  (1) A list of all aggravating or mitigating circumstances as provided in subsection 1 of section 565.032, which the party intends to prove at the second stage of the trial;  (2) The names of all persons whom the party intends to call as witnesses at the second stage of the trial;  (3) Copies or locations and custodian of any books, papers, documents, photographs or objects which the party intends to offer at the second stage of the trial. If copies of such materials are not supplied to opposing counsel, the party shall cause them to be made available for inspection and copying without order of the court.  2. The disclosures required in subsection 1 of this section are supplemental to those required by rules of the supreme court relating to a continuing duty to disclose information, the use of matters disclosed, matters not subject to disclosure, protective orders, and sanctions for failure to comply with an applicable discovery rule or order, all of which shall also apply to any disclosure required by this section. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A)  Effective 10-01-84
MO Rev Stat § 565.006 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.006 - Waiver of jury trial permitted, when.

Effective - 01 Oct 1984, 2 histories   565.006. Waiver of jury trial permitted, when. — 1. At any time before the commencement of the trial of a homicide offense, the defendant may, with the assent of the court, waive a trial by jury and agree to submit all issues in the case to the court, whose finding shall have the force and effect of a verdict of a jury. Such a waiver must include a waiver of a trial by jury of all issues and offenses charged in the case, including the punishment to be assessed and imposed if the defendant is found guilty.  2. No defendant who pleads guilty to a homicide offense or who is found guilty of a homicide offense after trial to the court without a jury shall be permitted a trial by jury on the issue of the punishment to be imposed, except by agreement of the state.  3. If a defendant is found guilty of murder in the first degree after a jury trial in which the state has not waived the death penalty, the defendant may not waive a jury trial of the issue of the punishment to be imposed, except by agreement with the state and the court.  4. Any waiver of a jury trial and agreement permitted by this section shall be entered in the court record. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A)  Effective 10-01-84  (2002) Arizona statute allowing trial judge to determine presence or absence of aggravating factors required for imposition of death penalty violates Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial. Ring v. Arizona, 122 S.Ct. 2428 (U.S. Supreme Court).
MO Rev Stat § 565.010 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.010 - Consent as a defense.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017   565.010. Consent as a defense. — 1. When conduct is charged to constitute an offense because it causes or threatens physical injury, consent to that conduct or to the infliction of the injury is a defense only if:  (1) The physical injury consented to or threatened by the conduct is not serious physical injury; or  (2) The conduct and the harm are reasonably foreseeable hazards of:  (a) The victim's occupation or profession; or  (b) Joint participation in a lawful athletic contest or competitive sport; or  (3) The consent establishes a justification for the conduct under chapter 563 of this code.  2. The defendant shall have the burden of injecting the issue of consent. ­­-------- (L. 1977 S.B. 60, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Transferred 2014; formerly 565.080; Effective 1-01-17
MO Rev Stat § 565.020 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.020 - First degree murder, penalty — person under eighteen years of age, penalty.

Effective - 13 Jul 2016, 2 histories   565.020. First degree murder, penalty — person under eighteen years of age, penalty. — 1. A person commits the offense of murder in the first degree if he or she knowingly causes the death of another person after deliberation upon the matter.  2. The offense of murder in the first degree is a class A felony, and, if a person is eighteen years of age or older at the time of the offense, the punishment shall be either death or imprisonment for life without eligibility for probation or parole, or release except by act of the governor. If a person has not reached his or her eighteenth birthday at the time of the commission of the offense, the punishment shall be as provided under section 565.033. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A, A.L. 1990 H.B. 974, A.L. 2016 S.B. 590) Effective 7-13-16  CROSS REFERENCE:  Execution, location, duties of the warden, 546.730
MO Rev Stat § 565.021 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.021 - Second degree murder, penalty.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017, 3 histories   565.021. Second degree murder, penalty. — 1. A person commits the offense of murder in the second degree if he or she:  (1) Knowingly causes the death of another person or, with the purpose of causing serious physical injury to another person, causes the death of another person; or  (2) Commits or attempts to commit any felony, and, in the perpetration or the attempted perpetration of such felony or in the flight from the perpetration or attempted perpetration of such felony, another person is killed as a result of the perpetration or attempted perpetration of such felony or immediate flight from the perpetration of such felony or attempted perpetration of such felony.  2. The offense of murder in the second degree is a class A felony, and the punishment for second degree murder shall be in addition to the punishment for commission of a related felony or attempted felony, other than murder or manslaughter.  3. Notwithstanding section 556.046 and section 565.029, in any charge of murder in the second degree, the jury shall be instructed on, or, in a jury-waived trial, the judge shall consider, any and all of the subdivisions in subsection 1 of this section which are supported by the evidence and requested by one of the parties or the court. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Effective 1-01-17  CROSS REFERENCE:  No bail, certain defendants, certain offenses, 544.671  (1990) Reduction in sentence was available to defendant when statute which limited maximum term of imprisonment became effective before state brought charges but after crime was committed. (Mo.App.) Searcy v. State, 784 S.W.2d 911. (1998) Defendant may be charged under the felony murder statute instead of involuntary manslaughter at the prosecutor's discretion when both apply. State v. Pembleton, 978 S.W.2d 352 (E.D.Mo.).
MO Rev Stat § 565.023 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.023 - Voluntary manslaughter, penalty — under influence of sudden passion, defendant's burden to inject.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017, 2 histories   565.023. Voluntary manslaughter, penalty — under influence of sudden passion, defendant's burden to inject. — 1. A person commits the offense of voluntary manslaughter if he or she:  (1) Causes the death of another person under circumstances that would constitute murder in the second degree under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 565.021, except that he or she caused the death under the influence of sudden passion arising from adequate cause; or  (2) Knowingly assists another in the commission of self-murder.  2. The defendant shall have the burden of injecting the issue of influence of sudden passion arising from adequate cause under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of this section.  3. The offense of voluntary manslaughter is a class B felony. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Effective 1-01-17
MO Rev Stat § 565.024 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.024 - Involuntary manslaughter, first degree, penalty.

Effective - 28 Aug 2017, 3 histories   565.024. Involuntary manslaughter, first degree, penalty. — 1. A person commits the offense of involuntary manslaughter in the first degree if he or she recklessly causes the death of another person.  2. The offense of involuntary manslaughter in the first degree is a class C felony, unless the victim is intentionally targeted as a law enforcement officer, as defined in section 556.061, or the victim is targeted because he or she is a relative within the second degree of consanguinity or affinity to a law enforcement officer, in which case it is a class B felony. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A, A.L. 1986 H.B. 1596, A.L. 1999 S.B. 328, et al., A.L. 2005 H.B. 972 merged with S.B. 37, et al., A.L. 2005 1st Ex. Sess. H.B. 2, A.L. 2006 S.B. 872, et al., A.L. 2008 H.B. 1715, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491, A.L. 2017 S.B. 34)  (1992) Definition of "person" in section 1.205, RSMo, which includes unborn children is applicable to other statutes and court concludes that it applies at least to this section, the involuntary manslaughter statute. State v. Knapp, 843 S.W.2d 345 (Mo. en banc). (2018) Amended version of section, which repealed provision requiring prisoner to serve a mandatory minimum of eighty-five percent of sentence before becoming parole eligible, was not retroactively applicable to prisoner entering Alford plea under prior version of section. Fields v. Missouri Bd. of Probation and Parole, 559 S.W.3d 12 (Mo.App. W.D.).
MO Rev Stat § 565.027 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.027 - Involuntary manslaughter, second degree, penalty.

Effective - 28 Aug 2017, 2 histories   565.027. Involuntary manslaughter, second degree, penalty. — 1. A person commits the offense of involuntary manslaughter in the second degree if he or she acts with criminal negligence to cause the death of any person.  2. The offense of involuntary manslaughter in the second degree is a class E felony, unless the victim is intentionally targeted as a law enforcement officer, as defined in section 556.061, or the victim is targeted because he or she is a relative within the second degree of consanguinity or affinity to a law enforcement officer, in which case it is a class D felony. ­­-------- (L. 2014 S.B. 491, A.L. 2017 S.B. 34)
MO Rev Stat § 565.029 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.029 - Lesser degree offenses in homicide cases — instruction on lesser offenses, when.

Effective - 01 Jan 2017   565.029. Lesser degree offenses in homicide cases — instruction on lesser offenses, when. — 1. With the exceptions provided in subsection 3 of this section and subsection 3 of section 565.021, section 556.046 shall be used for the purpose of consideration of lesser offenses by the trier in all homicide cases.  2. The following lists shall comprise, in the order listed, the lesser degree offenses:  (1) The lesser degree offenses of murder in the first degree are:  (a) Murder in the second degree under subdivisions (1) and (2) of subsection 1 of section 565.021;  (b) Voluntary manslaughter under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 565.023;  (c) Involuntary manslaughter in the first degree; and  (d) Involuntary manslaughter in the second degree;  (2) The lesser degree offenses of murder in the second degree are:  (a) Voluntary manslaughter under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 565.023;  (b) Involuntary manslaughter in the first degree; and  (c) Involuntary manslaughter in the second degree.  3. No instruction on a lesser included offense shall be submitted unless requested by one of the parties or the court. ­­-------- (L. 1983 S.B. 276, A.L. 1984 S.B. 448 § A, A.L. 2014 S.B. 491)  Transferred 2014; formerly 565.025; Effective 1-01-17
MO Rev Stat § 565.033 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXVIII - Crimes and Punishment; Peace Officers and Public Defenders|Chapter 565 - Offenses Against the Person|Section 565.033 - Person under eighteen, sentencing — factors to be considered, jury instructions.

Effective - 13 Jul 2016   565.033. Person under eighteen, sentencing — factors to be considered, jury instructions. — 1. A person found guilty of murder in the first degree who was under the age of eighteen at the time of the commission of the offense shall be sentenced to a term of life without eligibility for probation or parole as provided in section 565.034, life imprisonment with eligibility for parole, or not less than thirty years and not to exceed forty years imprisonment.  2. When assessing punishment in all first degree murder cases in which the defendant was under the age of eighteen at the time of the commission of the offense or offenses, the judge in a jury-waived trial shall consider, or the judge shall include in instructions to the jury for it to consider, the following factors:  (1) The nature and circumstances of the offense committed by the defendant;  (2) The degree of the defendant's culpability in light of his or her age and role in the offense;  (3) The defendant's age, maturity, intellectual capacity, and mental and emotional health and development at the time of the offense;  (4) The defendant's background, including his or her family, home, and community environment;  (5) The likelihood for rehabilitation of the defendant;  (6) The extent of the defendant's participation in the offense;  (7) The effect of familial pressure or peer pressure on the defendant's actions;  (8) The nature and extent of the defendant's prior criminal history, including whether the offense was committed by a person with a prior record of conviction for murder in the first degree, or one or more serious assaultive criminal convictions;  (9) The effect of characteristics attributable to the defendant's youth on the defendant's judgment; and  (10) A statement by the victim or the victim's family member as provided by section 557.041 until December 31, 2016, and beginning January 1, 2017, section 595.229. ­­-------- (L. 2016 S.B. 590) Effective 7-13-16