reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 565.39 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.39 - Device Used as Seal; Effect; Application to Official Seals.

565.39 Device used as seal; effect; application to official seals. Sec. 39.  A scroll or device used as a seal upon any deed of conveyance or other instrument whatever, whether intended to be recorded or not, shall have the same force and effect as a seal attached thereto, or impressed thereon, but this section shall not be construed to apply to such official seals as are or may be provided for by law. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 65 ;-- CL 1857, 2758 ;-- CL 1871, 4241 ;-- How. 5699 ;-- CL 1897, 9005 ;-- CL 1915, 11740 ;-- CL 1929, 13313 ;-- CL 1948, 565.39 Former Law: Act of Oct. 23, 1822, Terr. Laws, vol. 1, p. 272, contains similar provisions. The act of June 10, 1828, provided that “any instrument to which the person making the same shall affix any device by way of seal, shall be adjudged and held to be of the same force and obligations as if it were actually sealed.” And that “all instruments executed since the thirty-first day of December, 1827, to which the person or persons executing the same may have affixed any device by way of seal, shall be adjudged and held of the same force and obligation as if the same were actually sealed.” Laws of 1828, p. 29; Revision of 1833, p. 516; Terr. Laws, vol. 2, p. 667; Starkweather v. Martin, 28 Mich. 479. A similar provision has been in force ever since. R.S. 1838, p. 438, 439; Sec. 8, Act 108 of 1840. Until the R.S. of 1846 (p. 487, Sec. 49), there was no statutory provision dispensing with the necessity of a seal, or a substitute therefor, to a conveyance of lands.
MI Comp L § 565.40 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.40 - Prior Legal Conveyances; Effect as Evidence, Recording; Conveyance Under Unacknowledged Contract, Record as Evidence.

565.40 Prior legal conveyances; effect as evidence, recording; conveyance under unacknowledged contract, record as evidence. Sec. 40.  All conveyances of real estate heretofore made and acknowledged or proved, in accordance with the laws of this state, in force at the time of such making and acknowledgment or proof, shall have the same force as evidence, and be recorded in the same manner, and with the like effect, as conveyances executed and acknowledged in pursuance of the provisions of this chapter. And where any conveyance, with an unacknowledged contract in writing attached, annexed or appended thereto, and referred to in the body of such conveyance as being thereto attached, appended or annexed, has been heretofore recorded, or that may be hereafter recorded; the record, or a transcript of the record of such conveyance and contract, certified by the register in whose office the same may have been recorded, may be read in evidence in any court within this state without further proof thereof; but the effect of such evidence may be rebutted by other competent testimony. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 65 ;-- CL 1857, 2759 ;-- CL 1871, 4242 ;-- How. 5700 ;-- Am. 1889, Act 101, Eff. Oct. 2, 1889 ;-- CL 1897, 9006 ;-- CL 1915, 11741 ;-- CL 1929, 13314 ;-- CL 1948, 565.40
MI Comp L § 565.41 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.41 - Discharge of Mortgage; Payment of Filing Fee by Mortgagee; Date of Discharge.

565.41 Discharge of mortgage; payment of filing fee by mortgagee; date of discharge.Sec. 41.  (1) Within the applicable time period in section 44(2) after a mortgage has been paid or otherwise satisfied, the mortgagee or the personal representative, successor, or assign of the mortgagee shall prepare a discharge of the mortgage, file the discharge with the register of deeds for the county where the mortgaged property is located, and pay the fee for recording the discharge.  (2) If a discharge of mortgage received by a register of deeds under subsection (1) is not recorded on the day it is received, the register of deeds shall place on or attach to the discharge, by means of a stamp, electronically, or otherwise, the date the discharge is received. The date placed on or attached to the discharge under this subsection is prima facie evidence of the date the discharge was filed with the register of deeds. History: Add. 1964, Act 110, Eff. Aug. 28, 1964 ;-- Am. 2004, Act 447, Imd. Eff. Dec. 27, 2004
MI Comp L § 565.42 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.42 - Discharge of Mortgage; Certificate of Mortgagee; Circuit Court, or Register in Chancery.

565.42 Discharge of mortgage; certificate of mortgagee; circuit court, or register in chancery. Sec. 42.  Any mortgage shall also be discharged upon the record thereof by the register of deeds, in whose custody it shall be, whenever there shall be presented to him a certificate executed by the mortgagee, his personal representative or assigns, acknowledged, approved and certified as in this chapter provided, to entitle conveyances or instruments in writing in any wise affecting the title to lands to be recorded, specifying that such mortgage has been paid, or otherwise satisfied or discharged; or upon the presentation to such register of deeds of the certificate of the circuit court, signed by the judge of said court, and under the seal thereof, certifying that it has been made to appear to said court that said mortgage has been duly paid, or upon the presentation to such register of deeds of a certificate of the register in chancery of the county and under the seal thereof certifying that a decree of foreclosure of any such mortgage has been duly entered in his office, and that the records in his office shows that such decree has been fully paid and satisfied. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 65 ;-- CL 1857, 2761 ;-- Am. 1867, Act 102, Imd. Eff. Mar. 26, 1867 ;-- CL 1871, 4244 ;-- Am. 1875, Act 47, Eff. Aug. 3, 1875 ;-- How. 5702 ;-- CL 1897, 9008 ;-- CL 1915, 11743 ;-- CL 1929, 13316 ;-- CL 1948, 565.42 Compiler's Notes: The register of chancery, referred to in this section, is now clerk of the circuit court. See MCL 600.571.
MI Comp L § 565.43 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.43 - Discharge of Mortgage; Recording of Certificate; Reproduced Documents; Reference to Liber and Page Containing Certificate.

565.43 Discharge of mortgage; recording of certificate; reproduced documents; reference to liber and page containing certificate.Sec. 43.  Every certificate described in section 42 of this chapter, and the proof or acknowledgment of the certificate, shall be recorded at full length, and a reference shall be made to the liber and page, or other unique identifying number, containing the certificate, in the minutes of the discharge of the mortgage made by the register upon the mortgage. If the register of deeds is authorized by the board of commissioners to reproduce deeds, mortgages, maps, instruments, or writings, as provided in section 2 of 1964 PA 105, MCL 691.1102, and the mortgage does not exist in a hard copy medium, it is not necessary for him or her to make reference to the liber and page containing the certificate on the liber and page containing the mortgage. Instead, reference to the liber and page containing the certificate shall be made in the index to the permanent index of mortgages. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 65 ;-- CL 1857, 2762 ;-- CL 1871, 4245 ;-- How. 5703 ;-- CL 1897, 9009 ;-- CL 1915, 11744 ;-- CL 1929, 13317 ;-- CL 1948, 565.43 ;-- Am. 1959, Act 22, Imd. Eff. Apr. 30, 1959 ;-- Am. 1992, Act 212, Imd. Eff. Oct. 5, 1992 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 358, Imd. Eff. Dec. 23, 2008
MI Comp L § 565.44 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.44 - Discharge of Mortgage; Refusal; Civil Liability; Penalty; Time Periods.

565.44 Discharge of mortgage; refusal; civil liability; penalty; time periods.Sec. 44.  (1) If a mortgagee or the personal representative or assignee of the mortgagee, after full performance of the condition of the mortgage, whether before or after a breach of the mortgage, or, if the mortgage is entirely due, after a tender of the whole amount due, within the applicable time period in subsection (2) after being requested and after tender of the mortgagee's reasonable charges, refuses or neglects to discharge the mortgage as provided in this chapter or to execute and acknowledge a certificate of discharge or release of the mortgage, the mortgagee is liable to the mortgagor or the mortgagor's heirs or assigns for $1,000.00 damages. The mortgagee is also liable for all actual damages caused by the neglect or refusal to the person who performs the condition of the mortgage or makes the tender to the mortgagee or the mortgagee's heirs or assigns, or to anyone who has an interest in the mortgaged premises. Damages under this section may be recovered in an action for money damages or to procure a discharge or release of the mortgage. The court may, in its discretion, award double costs in an action under this section.  (2) The discharge of mortgage, execution and acknowledgment of a certificate, or filing of a discharge of mortgage required by this section or section 41 shall be performed within whichever of the following time periods is applicable:  (a) For the first 2 years after the effective date of the amendatory act that added this subsection, 75 days.  (b) Beginning 2 years after the effective date of the amendatory act that added this subsection, 60 days. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 65 ;-- CL 1857, 2763 ;-- Am. 1861, Act 13, Eff. June 15, 1861 ;-- CL 1871, 4246 ;-- How. 5704 ;-- CL 1897, 9010 ;-- CL 1915, 11745 ;-- CL 1929, 13318 ;-- CL 1948, 565.44 ;-- Am. 2004, Act 447, Imd. Eff. Dec. 27, 2004
MI Comp L § 565.46 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.46 - Proof and Acknowledgment of Deeds; Application of Law to Instruments Affecting Lands.

565.46 Proof and acknowledgment of deeds; application of law to instruments affecting lands. Sec. 46.  The preceding sections of this chapter to procure, enforce and obtain the proof and acknowledgment of deeds, shall be, and the same are hereby made applicable to all instruments in writing in any wise affecting the title to lands which are required or authorized to be acknowledged, or acknowledged and recorded. History: Add. 1867, Act 102, Imd. Eff. Mar. 26, 1867 ;-- CL 1871, 4248 ;-- How. 5706 ;-- CL 1897, 9012 ;-- CL 1915, 11747 ;-- CL 1929, 13319 ;-- CL 1948, 565.46
MI Comp L § 565.47 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.47 - Recording by Register of Deeds; Acknowledgment Required.

565.47 Recording by register of deeds; acknowledgment required. Sec. 47.  A deed, mortgage, or other instrument in writing that by law is required to be acknowledged affecting the title to lands, or any interest therein, shall not be recorded by the register of deeds of any county unless the deed, mortgage, or other instrument is acknowledged or proved as provided by this chapter.  History: Add. 1867, Act 102, Imd. Eff. Mar. 26, 1867 ;-- CL 1871, 4249 ;-- How. 5707 ;-- CL 1897, 9013 ;-- CL 1915, 11748 ;-- CL 1929, 13320 ;-- CL 1948, 565.47 ;-- Am. 2002, Act 23, Imd. Eff. Mar. 4, 2002
MI Comp L § 565.48 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.48 - Deed by Surviving Joint Tenant of Lands; Recording; Certified Copy of Death.

565.48 Deed by surviving joint tenant of lands; recording; certified copy of death.Sec. 48.  A register of deeds shall not record a deed or other instrument in writing that purports to convey an interest in land by the survivor or survivors under a deed to joint tenants or tenants by the entirety, unless, for each joint tenant or tenant by the entirety who is indicated in the deed or instrument to be deceased, a certified copy of the death certificate or other proof of death that is permitted by the laws of this state to be received for record by the register, is shown to have been recorded in the register's office by liber and page reference or is filed concurrently with the deed or other instrument and recorded as a separate document. History: Add. 1947, Act 20, Eff. Oct. 11, 1947 ;-- CL 1948, 565.48 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 195, Eff. Sept. 18, 2018
MI Comp L § 565.49 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 565 - Conveyances of Real Property|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (565.1 - 565.49)|R-S-1846-565-1-65 - Chapter 65 Chapter 65. of Alienation by Deed, and the Proof and Recording of Conveyances, and the Canceling of Mortgages. (565.1...565.49)|Section 565.49 - Conveyances; Same Person or Persons Among Grantors and Grantees; Joint Tenancy, Tenancy by Entireties.

565.49 Conveyances; same person or persons among grantors and grantees; joint tenancy, tenancy by entireties. Sec. 49.  Conveyances in which the grantor or 1 or more of the grantors are named among the grantees therein shall have the same force and effect as they would have if the conveyance were made by a grantor or grantors who are not named among the grantees. Conveyances expressing an intent to create a joint tenancy or tenancy by the entireties in the grantor or grantors together with the grantee or grantees shall be effective to create the type of ownership indicated by the terms of the conveyance. History: Add. 1955, Act 3, Eff. Oct. 14, 1955
MI Comp L § 566.131 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.131 - 566.146)|R-S-1846-566-131-81 - Chapter 81 Chapter 81. of Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts, Relative to Goods, Chattels, and Things in Action. (566.131...566.146)|Section 566.131 - Transfers in Trust of Property Void as Against Creditors; Exceptions.

566.131 Transfers in trust of property void as against creditors; exceptions.Sec. 1.  (1) Except as provided in subsections (2) to (4), a deed of gift, conveyance, transfer, or assignment, verbal or written, of property made in trust for the use of the person making the gift, conveyance, transfer, or assignment is void as against the creditors, existing or subsequent, of the person.  (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to the lapse, release, waiver, or disclaimer of a power of appointment given to a donee by a third party. As used in this subsection, "donee" means that term as defined in section 2 of the powers of appointment act of 1967, 1967 PA 224, MCL 556.112.  (3) Subsection (1) does not apply to the creation of a trust by an individual if all of the following apply:  (a) The individual created the trust for the benefit of the individual's spouse.  (b) The trust is treated as qualified terminable interest property under section 2523(f) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 2523.  (c) The individual retains a beneficial interest in the trust income, trust principal, or both, which beneficial interest follows the termination of the individual's spouse's prior beneficial interest in the trust.  (4) Subsection (1) does not apply to a gift, conveyance, transfer, or assignment from a trust to a person who created the trust if all of the following apply:  (a) The trust is an irrevocable trust for the benefit of third parties.  (b) The trust is a grantor trust with regard to the person for income tax purposes under sections 671 to 679 of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 671 to 679.  (c) The trustee has the discretionary authority to reimburse or advance trust property to the person for taxes concerning income attributable to the trust property.  (d) The gift, conveyance, transfer, or assignment is the exercise by the trustee of the discretionary authority described in subdivision (c). History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 81 ;-- CL 1857, 3182 ;-- CL 1871, 4697 ;-- How. 6184 ;-- CL 1897, 9514 ;-- CL 1915, 11980 ;-- CL 1929, 13416 ;-- CL 1948, 566.131 ;-- Am. 2009, Act 42, Eff. Apr. 1, 2010
MI Comp L § 566.134 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.131 - 566.146)|R-S-1846-566-131-81 - Chapter 81 Chapter 81. of Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts, Relative to Goods, Chattels, and Things in Action. (566.131...566.146)|Section 566.134 - Auction Sales; Memorandum of Contract.

566.134 Auction sales; memorandum of contract. Sec. 4.  Whenever any goods shall be sold at auction and the auctioneer or the clerk of the auction at the time of sale enters in a sale book a memorandum specifying the nature and price of the property sold and the name of the purchaser, such memorandum, together with the auction bills, catalogue, or written or printed notice of sale containing the name of the person on whose account the sale is made and the terms of sale, shall be deemed a memorandum of the contract of sale within the meaning of the last section. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 81 ;-- CL 1857, 3185 ;-- CL 1871, 4700 ;-- How. 6187 ;-- CL 1897, 9517 ;-- Am. 1907, Act 237, Eff. Sept. 28, 1907 ;-- CL 1915, 11982 ;-- CL 1929, 13418 ;-- CL 1948, 566.134
MI Comp L § 566.135 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.131 - 566.146)|R-S-1846-566-131-81 - Chapter 81 Chapter 81. of Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts, Relative to Goods, Chattels, and Things in Action. (566.131...566.146)|Section 566.135 - Representation Concerning Character; Business or Credit of Another.

566.135 Representation concerning character; business or credit of another. Sec. 5.  No action shall be brought to charge any person, upon or by reason of any favorable representation or assurance, made concerning the character, conduct, credit, ability, trade or dealings of any other person, unless such representation or assurance be made in writing, and signed by the party to be charged thereby, or by some person thereunto by him lawfully authorized. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 81 ;-- CL 1857, 3186 ;-- CL 1871, 4701 ;-- How. 6188 ;-- CL 1897, 9518 ;-- CL 1915, 11983 ;-- CL 1929, 13419 ;-- CL 1948, 566.135
MI Comp L § 566.136 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.131 - 566.146)|R-S-1846-566-131-81 - Chapter 81 Chapter 81. of Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts, Relative to Goods, Chattels, and Things in Action. (566.131...566.146)|Section 566.136 - Consideration; Evidence.

566.136 Consideration; evidence. Sec. 6.  The consideration of any contract, agreement or promise required by this chapter to be in writing, need not be expressed in the written contract, agreement or promise, or in any note or memorandum thereof, but may be proved by any other legal evidence. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 81 ;-- CL 1857, 3187 ;-- CL 1871, 4702 ;-- How. 6189 ;-- CL 1897, 9519 ;-- CL 1915, 11984 ;-- CL 1929, 13420 ;-- CL 1948, 566.136
MI Comp L § 566.137-566.146 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.131 - 566.146)|R-S-1846-566-131-81 - Chapter 81 Chapter 81. of Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts, Relative to Goods, Chattels, and Things in Action. (566.131...566.146)|Section 566.137-566.146 - Repealed. 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964.

566.137-566.146 Repealed. 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964. Compiler's Notes: The repealed sections pertained to fraudulent conveyances and contracts with respect to goods, chattels, and things in action.
MI Comp L § 566.221 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.221 - 566.226)|R-S-1846-566-221-82 - Chapter 82 Chapter 82. General Provisions Relating to Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts. (566.221...566.226)|Section 566.221 - Acts to Hinder or Defraud Creditors; Invalidity.

566.221 Acts to hinder or defraud creditors; invalidity. Sec. 1.  Every conveyance or assignment, in writing or otherwise, of any estate or interest in lands, or in goods or things in action, or of any rents or profits issuing therefrom, and any charge upon lands, goods or things in action, or upon the rents or profits thereof, made with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud creditors or other persons of their lawful suits, damages, forfeitures, debts or demands, and every bond or other evidence of debt given, suit commenced, decree or judgment suffered, with the like intent, as against the persons so hindered, delayed or defrauded, shall be void. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 82 ;-- CL 1857, 3198 ;-- CL 1871, 4713 ;-- How. 6203 ;-- CL 1897, 9533 ;-- CL 1915, 11998 ;-- CL 1929, 13434 ;-- CL 1948, 566.221
MI Comp L § 566.222 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.221 - 566.226)|R-S-1846-566-221-82 - Chapter 82 Chapter 82. General Provisions Relating to Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts. (566.221...566.226)|Section 566.222 - Grant or Assignment of Trust to Be in Writing.

566.222 Grant or assignment of trust to be in writing. Sec. 2.  Every grant or assignment of any existing trust in lands, goods or things in action, unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the party making the same, or by his agent lawfully authorized, shall be void. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 82 ;-- CL 1857, 3199 ;-- CL 1871, 4714 ;-- How. 6204 ;-- CL 1897, 9534 ;-- CL 1915, 11999 ;-- CL 1929, 13435 ;-- CL 1948, 566.222
MI Comp L § 566.223 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 566 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts|R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846 (566.221 - 566.226)|R-S-1846-566-221-82 - Chapter 82 Chapter 82. General Provisions Relating to Fraudulent Conveyances and Contracts. (566.221...566.226)|Section 566.223 - Acts Void as Against Heirs or Assigns of Creditor and Purchaser.

566.223 Acts void as against heirs or assigns of creditor and purchaser. Sec. 3.  Every conveyance, charge, instrument or proceeding, declared by law to be void as against creditors or purchasers, shall be equally void as against the heirs, successors, personal representatives or assigns of such creditors or purchasers. History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 82 ;-- CL 1857, 3200 ;-- CL 1871, 4715 ;-- How. 6205 ;-- CL 1897, 9535 ;-- CL 1915, 12000 ;-- CL 1929, 13436 ;-- CL 1948, 566.223