reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-102 - Rules of Construction

    (a)    Conduct described as theft in this part constitutes a single crime and includes the separate crimes formerly known as:        (1)    larceny;        (2)    larceny by trick;        (3)    larceny after trust;        (4)    embezzlement;        (5)    false pretenses;        (6)    shoplifting; and        (7)    receiving stolen property.    (b)    (1)    A person acts “knowingly”:            (i)    with respect to conduct or a circumstance as described by a statute that defines a crime, when the person is aware of the conduct or that the circumstance exists;            (ii)    with respect to the result of conduct as described by a statute that defines a crime, when the person is practically certain that the result will be caused by the person’s conduct; and            (iii)    with respect to a person’s knowledge of the existence of a particular fact, if that knowledge is an element of a crime, when the person is practically certain of the existence of that fact.        (2)    The terms “knowing” and “with knowledge” are construed in the same manner.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-103 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-103 - Determination of Value

    (a)    In this section, “value” means:        (1)    the market value of the property or service at the time and place of the crime; or        (2)    if the market value cannot satisfactorily be ascertained, the cost of the replacement of the property or service within a reasonable time after the crime.    (b)    The value of property or service under this part shall be determined in accordance with this section.    (c)    (1)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, this subsection applies to a written instrument whether or not the instrument has been issued or delivered.        (2)    This subsection does not apply to a written instrument that has a readily ascertainable market value.        (3)    (i)    For purposes of this part, a written instrument is valued as provided by this paragraph.            (ii)    The value of an instrument constituting evidence of debt, including a check, draft, or promissory note, is the amount due or collectible on the instrument. That value is ordinarily the face amount of the instrument, less any portion that has been satisfied.            (iii)    The value of any other instrument that creates, releases, discharges, or otherwise affects a valuable legal right, privilege, or obligation is the amount of economic loss the owner of the instrument might reasonably suffer because of the loss of the instrument.    (d)    The value of a trade secret lacking a readily ascertainable market value is a reasonable value that represents the damage the owner suffered by the loss of an advantage over those who do not know or use the trade secret.    (e)    (1)    For the purposes of determining whether a theft violation subject to either § 7–104(g)(1) or (2) of this subtitle has been committed, when it cannot be determined whether the value of the property or service is more or less than $1,500 under the standards of this section, the value is deemed to be less than $1,500.        (2)    For the purposes of determining whether a theft violation subject to either § 7–104(g)(2) or (3) of this subtitle has been committed, when it cannot be determined whether the value of the property or service is more or less than $100 under the standards of this section, the value is deemed to be less than $100.    (f)    When theft is committed in violation of this part under one scheme or continuing course of conduct, whether from the same or several sources:        (1)    the conduct may be considered as one crime; and        (2)    the value of the property or services may be aggregated in determining whether the theft is a felony or a misdemeanor.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-105 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-105 - Motor Vehicle Theft

    (a)    In this section, “owner” means a person who has a lawful interest in or is in lawful possession of a motor vehicle by consent or chain of consent of the title owner.    (b)    A person may not knowingly and willfully take a motor vehicle out of the owner’s lawful custody, control, or use without the owner’s consent.    (c)    A person who violates this section:        (1)    is guilty of the felony of taking a motor vehicle and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both; and        (2)    shall restore the motor vehicle or, if unable to restore the motor vehicle, pay to the owner the full value of the motor vehicle.    (d)    (1)    This section does not preclude prosecution for theft of a motor vehicle under § 7-104 of this part.        (2)    If a person is convicted under § 7-104 of this part and this section for the same act or transaction, the conviction under this section shall merge for sentencing purposes into the conviction under § 7-104 of this part.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-105.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-105.1 - Owner's Affidavit

    (a)    Subject to subsection (c) of this section, in a criminal case or juvenile proceeding involving theft of a motor vehicle under § 7-104 or § 7-105 of this subtitle, an affidavit sworn to in open court by the lawful owner of the motor vehicle may be introduced thereafter as substantive evidence that the motor vehicle was taken from the lawful owner and operated, used, or possessed without the lawful owner’s authorization.    (b)    The affidavit shall:        (1)    be given under oath subject to the penalty of perjury; and        (2)    be attached to a copy of the certificate of title of the motor vehicle.    (c)    (1)    At least 10 days before a proceeding in which the State intends to introduce into evidence an affidavit as provided under this section, the State shall provide written notice to the defendant that the State intends to:            (i)    rely on the affidavit; and            (ii)    introduce the affidavit into evidence at the proceeding.        (2)    On written demand of a defendant filed at least 5 days before the proceeding described in subsection (a) of this section, the State shall require the presence of the affiant as a prosecution witness.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-106 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-106 - Newspaper Theft

    (a)    In this section, “newspaper” means a periodical that is distributed on a complimentary or compensatory basis.    (b)    A person may not knowingly or willfully obtain or exert control that is unauthorized over newspapers with the intent to prevent another from reading the newspapers.    (c)    A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 60 days or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-107 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-107 - Bad Checks -- Prosecution as Theft

    (a)    A person who obtains property or a service by a bad check under the circumstances described in Title 8, Subtitle 1 of this article may not be prosecuted for theft under this part unless that person:        (1)    makes a false representation that there are sufficient funds in the drawee bank to cover the check; and        (2)    commits deception as provided under § 7-104(b) or (e) of this part.    (b)    If a person is prosecuted for theft under this section, the presumptions of § 8-104 of this article apply to the same extent as if the person were prosecuted under § 7-104 of this part.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-108 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-108 - Charging Documents

    (a)    An indictment, information, warrant, or other charging document for theft under this part, other than for taking a motor vehicle under § 7–105 of this part, is sufficient if it substantially states:    “(name of defendant) on (date) in (county) stole (property or services stolen) of (name of victim), having a value of (less than $1,500, at least $1,500 but less than $25,000, at least $25,000 but less than $100,000, or $100,000 or more) in violation of § 7–104 of the Criminal Law Article, against the peace, government, and dignity of the State.”.     (b)    An indictment, information, warrant, or other charging document for theft under this part for taking a motor vehicle under § 7–105 of this part is sufficient if it substantially states:    “(name of defendant) on (date) in (county) knowingly and willfully took a motor vehicle out of (name of victim)’s lawful custody, control, or use, without the consent of (name of victim), in violation of § 7–105 of the Criminal Law Article, against the peace, government, and dignity of the State.”.    (c)    In a case in the circuit court in which the general form of indictment or information is used to charge a defendant with a crime under this part, the defendant, on timely demand, is entitled to a bill of particulars.    (d)    Unless specifically charged by the State, theft of property or services with a value of less than $100 as provided under § 7–104(g)(3) of this subtitle may not be considered a lesser included crime of any other crime.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-109 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-109 - Proof of Theft

    (a)    Subject to subsection (b) of this section, a charge of theft may be proved by evidence that the theft was committed in a manner that is theft under this part, even if a different manner is specified in the information, indictment, warrant, or other charging document.    (b)    A court may grant a continuance or other appropriate relief:        (1)    to ensure a fair trial; and        (2)    if the conduct of the defense would be prejudiced by lack of fair notice or by surprise.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-110 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part I - Theft|Section 7-110 - Defenses and Presumptions

    (a)    (1)    It is not a defense to the crime of theft that the defendant has an interest in the property that was the subject of the theft if another also has an interest in or right to possess the property that the defendant is not entitled to infringe.        (2)    In determining the right of possession:            (i)    a joint or common owner of the property does not have a right of possession of the property that is superior to the right of any other joint or common owner of the property; and            (ii)    in the absence of a contrary agreement, a person in lawful possession of the property has a right of possession superior to the right of possession of a person who has only a security interest in the property, even if legal title to the property lies with the holder of the security interest under a conditional sale contract or other security agreement.    (b)    (1)    It is not a defense to the crime of theft that the property was taken, obtained, or withheld from a person who had obtained the property by illegal means.        (2)    It is not a defense to the crime of theft of property or services with a value of less than $100 as provided under § 7-104(g)(3) of this subtitle that the value of the property or services at issue is $100 or more.    (c)    It is a defense to the crime of theft that:        (1)    the defendant acted under a good faith claim of right to the property involved;        (2)    the defendant acted in the honest belief that the defendant had the right to obtain or exert control over the property as the defendant did;        (3)    the property involved was that of the defendant’s spouse, unless the defendant and the defendant’s spouse were not living together as husband and wife and were living in separate residences at the time of the alleged theft; or        (4)    in a case of theft of a trade secret, the defendant rightfully knew the trade secret, or the trade secret was available to the defendant from a source other than the owner.    (d)    Any common law and evidentiary presumption applicable on July 1, 1979 to the crimes consolidated under this part also apply to the crime of theft, unless the presumption:        (1)    is repealed or modified under this part; or        (2)    is modified by a court decision rendered after July 1, 1979.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-113 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part II - Related Crimes|Section 7-113 - Embezzlement -- Fraudulent Misappropriation by Fiduciary

    (a)    A fiduciary may not:        (1)    fraudulently and willfully appropriate money or a thing of value that the fiduciary holds in a fiduciary capacity contrary to the requirements of the fiduciary’s trust responsibility; or        (2)    secrete money or a thing of value that the fiduciary holds in a fiduciary capacity with a fraudulent intent to use the money or thing of value contrary to the requirements of the fiduciary’s trust responsibility.    (b)    A person who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of embezzlement and on conviction is subject to imprisonment for not less than 1 year and not exceeding 5 years.    (c)    A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-114 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part II - Related Crimes|Section 7-114 - Defalcation

    (a)    (1)    In this section, “revenue officer” means an officer with the duty to collect revenue due to the State, a county, or other governmental entity.        (2)    “Revenue officer” includes:            (i)    a clerk;            (ii)    a notary public;            (iii)    a register of wills;            (iv)    a sheriff; and            (v)    a tax collector.    (b)    A revenue officer may not willfully detain and neglect to pay money due to the State, a county, or other governmental entity into the Treasury of the State or a county or to another revenue officer authorized to receive the money longer than:        (1)    60 days after the date specified by law for the revenue officer to make payment; or        (2)    6 months after the date that the money is collected, if the law does not specify a date for the revenue officer to make payment.    (c)    (1)    A revenue officer who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of defalcation.        (2)    On conviction, and unless the revenue officer pays the amount in default sooner, a revenue officer who violates this section:            (i)    for each violation, is subject to imprisonment for not less than 1 year and not exceeding 5 years; and            (ii)    is subject to any other penalty provided by law.    (d)    A revenue officer who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.    (e)    In a prosecution under this section, a certificate of the Comptroller of the State or of a revenue officer of a county showing that the defendant is a defaulter is admissible as prima facie evidence of defalcation under this section.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-115 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part II - Related Crimes|Section 7-115 - Rehypothecation of Personal Securities

    (a)    While a contract of pledge or hypothecation is in effect, a person may not, without the consent of the pledgor, repledge or rehypothecate a security, the title to which passes by delivery or endorsement received or held by the person as guaranty for money lent or advanced to the owner or holder of the security.    (b)    A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not less than $500 and not exceeding $5,000 or both.    (c)    A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-116 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 1 - Crimes Involving Theft|Part II - Related Crimes|Section 7-116 - Failure to Deliver Documents for Merchandise

    (a)    This section applies to a person who is entrusted with money as an advance against grain or other merchandise:        (1)    that is purchased and stored in an elevator; and        (2)    for which a certificate or receipt has been delivered to an official of the elevator storage facility or to the party with whom the grain or other merchandise is stored for shipment and transport to the purchaser.    (b)    A person may not, for the person’s own benefit and in bad faith, fail to deliver to the party who entrusted the person with money under the circumstances described in subsection (a) of this section as soon as the shipment of grain or other merchandise is completed and the bill of lading is delivered to the purchaser:        (1)    the draft or bill of exchange and other document required for shipment of the cargo of grain or other merchandise; and        (2)    any policy of insurance on the grain or other merchandise.    (c)    A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment for not less than 1 year and not exceeding 10 years or a fine not less than $500 and not exceeding $5,000 or both.    (d)    A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-301 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 3 - Crimes Involving Telecommunications and Electronics|Part I - General Provisions|Section 7-301 - Code Grabbing Devices

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    “Code grabbing device” means a device that is capable of:            (i)    receiving and recording the coded signal transmitted by an electronic security system; and            (ii)    playing back the coded signal to disarm the electronic security system.        (3)    “Electronic security system” includes:            (i)    an electronic home security system;            (ii)    a motor vehicle security alarm system;            (iii)    an automatic garage door opener;            (iv)    a home detention monitoring device; and            (v)    an electronic or magnetic theft detection device used in a retail establishment.    (b)    A person may not manufacture, sell, use, or possess a code grabbing device with the intent that the code grabbing device be used in the commission of a crime.    (c)    A person may not knowingly possess a device intended to shield merchandise from detection by an electronic security system with the intent to commit theft.    (d)    A person may not knowingly possess a tool or device designed to allow the deactivation or removal from any merchandise an electronic security system or a device used as part of an electronic security system with the intent to:        (1)    use the tool or device to deactivate any electronic security system; or        (2)    remove any electronic security system or device used as part of an electronic security system from any merchandise without the permission of the merchant or person owning or lawfully holding the merchandise.    (e)    A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-306 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 3 - Crimes Involving Telecommunications and Electronics|Part II - Recorded Articles|Section 7-306 - Application of Part

    This part does not apply to:         (1)    a radio or television broadcaster or cable radio or television operator who transfers sounds or images:            (i)    as part of or with a radio or television transmission; or            (ii)    for archival preservation; or        (2)    a person who transfers sounds or images in the person’s home for the person’s personal use without consideration being derived by the person, or any other, from the transfer.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-307 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 3 - Crimes Involving Telecommunications and Electronics|Part II - Recorded Articles|Section 7-307 - Effect on Private Litigation

    This part does not affect the rights of parties in private litigation.
MD. Criminal Law Code Ann. §  7-308 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Criminal Law|Title 7 - Theft and Related Crimes|Subtitle 3 - Crimes Involving Telecommunications and Electronics|Part II - Recorded Articles|Section 7-308 - Prohibited Transfer of Recorded Sounds or Images

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    “Deliver” means to sell, rent, distribute, or circulate.        (3)    “Performance” includes a live performance and a performance that is transmitted by wire, radio, or television.        (4)    “Recorded article” means a phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, film, videocassette, or other article on which sounds are recorded or otherwise stored.    (b)    (1)    This subsection applies only to sound recordings initially fixed before February 15, 1972.        (2)    Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person may not knowingly transfer or cause to be transferred any sounds recorded on a recorded article to any other recorded article:            (i)    with the intent to sell or cause to be sold for profit or used to promote the sale of any product; and            (ii)    without the consent of the owner of the original fixation of sounds embodied in the master recorded article.    (c)    Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person may not knowingly deliver, offer for delivery, possess for delivery, cause to be delivered, cause to be offered for delivery, or cause to be possessed for delivery a recorded article or device:        (1)    on which sounds have been transferred without the consent of the owner of the original fixation of sounds embodied in the master recorded article; or        (2)    embodying a performance without the consent of the performer.    (d)    (1)    Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person may not knowingly transfer to or cause to be transferred to a recorded article on which sounds or images have been transferred or stored any performance:            (i)    with the intent to sell or cause to be sold for profit or used to promote the sale of any product; and            (ii)    without the consent of the performer.        (2)    A person may not knowingly deliver, offer for delivery, or possess for the purpose of delivery a recorded article on which sounds or images have been transferred or stored, unless the recorded article bears in a prominent place on its outside face or package:            (i)    the actual name and street address of the transferor of the sounds or images; and            (ii)    the actual name of the performer or group.    (e)    Except in the lobby area of a motion picture theater, a person may not knowingly operate an audiovisual recording function of a device in a motion picture theater without the consent of the owner or lessee of the theater.