reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-101 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-101 - What Deeds Sufficient; Seal or Attestation Not Required

    (a)    (1)    Any deed containing the names of the grantor and grantee, a description of the property sufficient to identify it with reasonable certainty, and the interest or estate intended to be granted, is sufficient, if executed, acknowledged, and, where required, recorded.        (2)    Any lease is sufficient even though it is not acknowledged if it otherwise complies with paragraph (1) of this subsection.    (b)    If a deed is signed by the grantor in accordance with the requirements of Title 5 of this article, the absence of a seal or attestation does not affect the validity of the deed. A corporate seal is not required for the execution of any deed or other instrument, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in the corporation’s charter, bylaws, or other documents.    (c)    The masking of personal information in accordance with § 8–504 of the State Government Article does not affect the validity of a deed or other recordable instrument.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-102 - Deed Poll

    If a deed contains a covenant by the grantee or a reservation of an incorporeal interest in the property granted by the deed and is signed only by the grantor (deed poll), the acceptance of delivery of the deed by the grantee binds the grantee to the provisions in the deed as effectively as if he had signed the deed as a grantee.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-103 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-103 - Presumption of Validity

    (a)    If a deed is executed, acknowledged, and, if required, recorded, the validity of the deed in respect to its execution and delivery by the grantor to the grantee is presumed.    (b)    Subsection (a) of this section applies to a lease even though it is not acknowledged.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-104 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-104 - Livery of Seisin and Indenting Not Necessary

    Neither livery of seisin nor indenting is necessary to the validity of any deed.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-105 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-105 - Words of Inheritance Unnecessary to Create Fee Simple or Easement

    No words of inheritance are necessary to create an estate in fee simple or an easement by grant or by reservation. Unless a contrary intention appears by express terms or is necessarily implied, every grant of land passes a fee simple estate, and every grant or reservation of an easement passes or reserves an easement in perpetuity.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-107 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-107 - Powers of Attorney

    (a)    Every power of attorney executed by any person authorizing an agent or attorney to sell and grant any property shall be executed in the same manner as a deed and recorded:        (1)    Before the day on which the deed executed pursuant to the power of attorney is recorded;        (2)    On the same day as the deed executed pursuant to the power of attorney; or        (3)    Subject to subsection (b) of this section, after the day on which the deed executed pursuant to the power of attorney is recorded.    (b)    A power of attorney may be recorded after the day on which the deed executed pursuant to the power of attorney is recorded, if:        (1)    The power of attorney is both dated and acknowledged on or before the effective date of the deed executed pursuant to the power of attorney;        (2)    The power of attorney has not been revoked with respect to the period of time up to and including the date of recording of the deed in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c) of this section; and        (3)    The deed, or a recorded instrument of writing supplementing the deed contains an affidavit or certification by the agent or attorney in fact named in the power of attorney, stating substantially, that the agent or attorney in fact did not have, at the time of the execution of the deed pursuant to the power of attorney, actual knowledge of the revocation of the power of attorney, by death of the principal or, if applicable, by the subsequent disability or incompetence of the principal.    (c)    Any person executing a deed as agent or attorney for another shall describe himself in and sign the deed as agent or attorney. A power of attorney is deemed to be revoked when the instrument containing the revocation is recorded in the office where the deed should be recorded.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-108 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-108 - Abolition of Straw Deeds in Certain Cases; Grant of Property Held by the Entireties

    (a)    Any interest in property may be granted by one or more persons, as grantors, to themselves alone, or to himself or themselves and any other person, as grantees, in life tenancy, with or without powers, joint tenancy, tenancy in common, or tenancy by the entirety without the use of a straw man as an intermediate grantee-grantor. These grants, regardless of when made, are ratified, confirmed, and declared valid as having created the type of concurrent ownership that the grant purports to grant.    (b)    Any interest in property held by a husband and wife in tenancy by the entirety may be granted, (1) by both acting jointly, to themselves, to either of them, individually, or to themselves and any other person, in joint tenancy or tenancy in common; (2) by both acting jointly, to either husband or wife and any other person in joint tenancy or tenancy in common; and (3) by either acting individually to the other in tenancy in severalty, without the use of a straw man as an intermediate grantee-grantor. These grants, regardless of when made, are ratified, confirmed, and declared valid as having created the type of ownership that the grant purports to grant.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-109 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-109 - Defective Grants

    (a)    If an instrument was recorded before January 1, 1973, any failure of the instrument to comply with the formal requisites listed in this section has no effect, unless the defect was challenged in a judicial proceeding commenced by July 1, 1973.    (b)    If an instrument is recorded on or after January 1, 1973, whether or not the instrument is executed on or after that date, any failure to comply with the formal requisites listed in this section has no effect unless it is challenged in a judicial proceeding commenced within six months after it is recorded.    (c)    For the purposes of this section, the failures in the formal requisites of an instrument are:        (1)    A defective acknowledgment;        (2)    A failure to attach any clerk’s certificate;        (3)    An omission of a notary seal or other seal;        (4)    A lack of or improper acknowledgment or affidavit of consideration, agency, or disbursement;        (5)    An omission of an attestation; or        (6)    A failure to name any trustee in a deed of trust.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-110 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-110 - Validating Deeds Conveying Land in Unapproved Subdivision

    Notwithstanding § 5–302 of the Land Use Article or any similar public local law or ordinance, every deed executed or recorded before June 1, 1974, conveying land in a subdivision a plat of which had not been approved by a planning commission is fully valid and effective according to its terms if the deed would have been valid and effective but for § 5–302 of the Land Use Article or a similar public local law or ordinance.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-111 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 1 - General Rules|Section 4-111 - Subordination of Lender's Interest

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    “Lender” means a person holding an interest in or lien on property pursuant to a mortgage or deed of trust.        (3)    “Subordination agreement” means an agreement establishing priorities:            (i)    Between or among lenders; or            (ii)    Between or among a lender and any other person or persons holding an interest in property.    (b)    A lender may subordinate its interest under a mortgage or deed of trust to the interest of another lender or to the property interest of a person, through execution of a subordination agreement on behalf of the subordinating lender by:        (1)    As to a lender secured by a mortgage, the mortgagee or assignee; or        (2)    As to a lender secured by a deed of trust, the trustee or successor trustee or the holder of the note or other obligation secured by the deed of trust.    (c)    This section applies to all subordination agreements existing on or after October 1, 1997.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-201 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 2 - Forms|Section 4-201 - Forms Sufficient for Purpose Intended; Addition of Provisions

    Every form contained in this subtitle, or a form to like effect, is sufficient for the purpose intended. Any covenant, limitation, restriction, or provision may be added, annexed to, or introduced with any form.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-203 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 2 - Forms|Section 4-203 - Assignments and Releases

    (a)    “I hereby assign the within mortgage to the assignee, ............    Witness my hand this ...... day of ...........”    (b)    “I hereby release the above (or within) mortgage (or deed of trust).    Witness my hand this ...... day of ...........”    (c)    “I hereby certify, under penalties of perjury, that the within (or attached) note(s) are the only original note(s) secured by a deed of trust recorded among the Land Records of .......... in Liber .......... Folio .........., and that I received the said note(s) from (here enter name of holder) after satisfaction of the debt secured thereby.    ..............(Affiant)”    (d)    “Certificate of SatisfactionKnow All Men By These Presents:    That ................ does hereby acknowledge that the indebtedness secured by a certain deed of trust/mortgage made by .......... and .......... dated .......... and recorded among the Land Records of .......... County/City, Maryland in Liber .......... No. .........., Folio .......... has been fully paid and discharged, that ................ was, at the time of satisfaction, the holder of the deed of trust note/mortgage, and that the lien of the deed of trust/mortgage is hereby released.    Witness the hands and seals of the holders of the said deed of trust note/mortgage this .......... day of ..........., 20.....    In witness whereof, the holder of said deed of trust note/mortgage has caused this instrument to be executed on its behalf by its agent this ........ day of .........., 20.....Attest:
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  4-204 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 4 - Requisites of Valid Instruments|Subtitle 2 - Forms|Section 4-204 - Acknowledgments

    (a)    State of Maryland, .......... County, to wit: I hereby certify, that on this ........, in the year ...., before the subscriber, (here insert style of the officer taking the acknowledgment), personally appeared (here insert the name of the person making the acknowledgment), and acknowledged the foregoing deed to be his act.    (b)    State of .......... County, to wit: I hereby certify, that on this ...... day of .........., in the year ...., before the subscriber, (here insert the official style of the person taking the acknowledgment), personally appeared (here insert the name of the husband), and (here insert name of the married woman making the acknowledgment), his wife, and did each acknowledge the foregoing deed to be their respective act.    (c)    State of .......... County, to wit: I hereby certify, that on this ...... day of .........., in the year ...., before the subscriber, (here insert the official style of the officer taking the acknowledgment), personally appeared (here insert the name of the person making the acknowledgment), and acknowledged the foregoing deed to be his act.Seal of the court    In testimony whereof I have caused the seal of the court to be affixed, (or have affixed my official seal), this ...... day of .........., A.D. ...........
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  7-101 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 7 - Mortgages, Deeds of Trust, and Vendor's Liens|Subtitle 1 - Mortgages and Deeds of Trust|Section 7-101 - When Deed Absolute in Terms to Be Considered a Mortgage; Assignment of Mortgages as Security; Certain Security Interests Perfected

    (a)    Every deed which by any other writing appears to have been intended only as security for payment of an indebtedness or performance of an obligation, though expressed as an absolute grant is considered a mortgage. The person for whose benefit the deed is made may not have any benefit or advantage from the recording of the deed, unless every other writing operating as a defeasance of it, or explanatory of its being intended to have the effect only of a mortgage, also is recorded in the same records at the same time.    (b)    Subsection (a) of this section is not applicable to the grant of a security interest in a mortgage by a mortgagee, or one of several mortgagees, or any assignee of his interest in a mortgage as security for payment of an indebtedness or performance of an obligation. Such a transaction is governed by Title 9 of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code.    (c)    Notwithstanding any provision of Title 9 of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code to the contrary, if a security interest in a mortgage was attached and perfected before July 1, 2001, in accordance with subsection (b) of this section as in effect before July 1, 2001, then the security interest shall continue to be perfected after July 1, 2001, without the need for any additional filing in the land records in the county where the mortgage is recorded, and without the need for any additional filing otherwise required under Title 9 of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  7-102 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 7 - Mortgages, Deeds of Trust, and Vendor's Liens|Subtitle 1 - Mortgages and Deeds of Trust|Section 7-102 - Necessity for Recitation of Secured Amount; Priority of Future Advances

    (a)    (1)    No mortgage or deed of trust may be a lien or charge on any property for any principal sum of money in excess of the aggregate principal sum appearing on the face of the mortgage or deed of trust and expressed to be secured by it, without regard to whether or when advanced or readvanced.        (2)    Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply to a mortgage or deed of trust to:            (i)    Guarantee the party secured against loss from being an obligee of a third party;            (ii)    Indemnify the party secured against loss from being an endorser, guarantor, or surety; or            (iii)    Secure a guarantee or indemnity agreement.    (b)    If after the date of the mortgage or deed of trust, any sum of money is advanced or readvanced, any endorsement or guaranty is made, or the liability under an indemnity agreement arises, priority for such sum of money or for any indemnity arising under the endorsement, or guaranty, or indemnity agreement dates from the date of the mortgage or deed of trust as against the rights of intervening purchasers, mortgagees, trustees under deeds of trust, or lien creditors, regardless of whether the advance, readvance, endorsement, or guaranty was obligatory or voluntary under the terms of the mortgage or deed of trust.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  7-103 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 7 - Mortgages, Deeds of Trust, and Vendor's Liens|Subtitle 1 - Mortgages and Deeds of Trust|Section 7-103 - Presumption of Ownership of Notes

    (a)    The title to any promissory note, other instrument, or debt secured by a mortgage, both before and after the maturity of the note, other instrument, or debt, conclusively is presumed to be vested in the person holding the record title to the mortgage. If the mortgage is duly released of record, the promissory note, other instrument, or debt secured by the mortgage, both before and after the maturity of the promissory note, other instrument, or debt, conclusively is presumed to be paid as far as any lien on the property granted by the mortgage is concerned.    (b)    After an assignment of a mortgage is recorded, any payment made by the original mortgagor to the assignor is effective to reduce or discharge the note or debt, unless the mortgagor has received actual notice of the assignment prior to the payment. This provision also applies to a payment by a transferee of the mortgagor’s interest in the mortgaged property except where the assignment of the mortgage is of record at the effective date of the transfer of the mortgagor’s interest in the mortgaged property.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  7-104 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 7 - Mortgages, Deeds of Trust, and Vendor's Liens|Subtitle 1 - Mortgages and Deeds of Trust|Section 7-104 - Priority of Purchase-Money Mortgage or Deed of Trust

    If property is sold and granted, and as part of the same transaction the purchaser gives a mortgage or deed of trust to secure total or partial payment of the purchase money, the mortgage or deed of trust shall be preferred to any previous judgment or decree for the payment of money which is obtained against the purchaser if it recites that the sum received is all or part of the purchase money of the property or otherwise recites that it is a purchase money mortgage or deed of trust. This section is applicable regardless of whether the mortgage or deed of trust is given to the vendor of the property or to a third party who advances all or part of the purchase money.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  7-105 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 7 - Mortgages, Deeds of Trust, and Vendor's Liens|Subtitle 1 - Mortgages and Deeds of Trust|Section 7-105 - Sales

    (a)    In this section, “individual” means a natural person.    (b)    (1)    A mortgage or deed of trust may authorize the sale of the property or declare the borrower’s assent to the passing of a decree for the sale of the property, on default in a condition on which the mortgage or deed of trust provides that a sale may be made.        (2)    A power of sale or assent to decree authorized in a mortgage or deed of trust may be exercised only by an individual.        (3)    The individual selling the property under a power of sale need not be named in the mortgage or deed of trust.        (4)    An error or omission in a mortgage or deed of trust concerning the designation of the trustee or the individual authorized to exercise a power of sale does not invalidate the instrument or the ability of the mortgagee or beneficiary of the deed of trust to appoint an individual to exercise the power of sale.        (5)    If a mortgage or deed of trust allows for the appointment or substitution of a trustee or an individual authorized to exercise a power of sale, the holder of the mortgage or deed of trust may make the appointments or substitutions from time to time.    (c)    A sale made pursuant to this section, §§ 7–105.1 through 7–105.10 of this subtitle, or the Maryland Rules, after final ratification by the court and grant of the property to the purchaser on payment of the purchase money, has the same effect as if the sale and grant were made under decree between the proper parties in relation to the mortgage or deed of trust and in the usual course of the court, and operates to pass all the title which the borrower had in the property at the time of the recording of the mortgage or deed of trust.
MD. Real Property Code Ann. §  7-105.2 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Real Property|Title 7 - Mortgages, Deeds of Trust, and Vendor's Liens|Subtitle 1 - Mortgages and Deeds of Trust|Section 7-105.2 - Notice of Foreclosure -- Procedure

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    “Foreclosed Property Registry” means the Foreclosed Property Registry established by the Commissioner of Financial Regulation under § 7–105.14 of this subtitle.        (3)    “Local jurisdiction” means:            (i)    A county; or            (ii)    A municipal corporation.        (4)    “Notice of foreclosure” means the notice described in subsection (b) of this section.        (5)    “Person authorized to make the sale” means the person designated under the Maryland Rules to sell residential property subject to foreclosure.        (6)    “Residential property” means real property improved by four or fewer dwelling units that are designed principally and are intended for human habitation.    (b)    (1)    Within 7 days of the filing of an order to docket or a complaint to foreclose a mortgage or deed of trust on a residential property by a person authorized to make the sale of the residential property, the person authorized to make the sale shall provide the Commissioner of Financial Regulation with a notice of foreclosure as required under this subsection.        (2)    The notice of foreclosure shall:            (i)    Be in the form the Commissioner of Financial Regulation requires, which may be the form of a registration with the Foreclosed Property Registry; and            (ii)    Contain the following information regarding the property that is subject to foreclosure:                1.    The street address;                2.    The tax account number, if known;                3.    Whether the property is vacant, if known;                4.    The name, address, and telephone number of the owner or owners of the property, if known;                5.    The name, address, and telephone number of the person authorized to make the sale; and                6.    The name, address, and telephone number of a person authorized to manage and maintain the property before the foreclosure sale, if known.    (c)    (1)    A notice of foreclosure:            (i)    Is not a public record as defined in § 4–101 of the General Provisions Article; and            (ii)    Is not subject to Title 4 of the General Provisions Article.        (2)    The Commissioner of Financial Regulation may authorize access to a notice of foreclosure only to local jurisdictions, the agencies of local jurisdictions, and representatives of State agencies.        (3)    Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection, the Commissioner of Financial Regulation or a local jurisdiction may provide information for a specific property described in a notice of foreclosure to:            (i)    A person who owns property on the same block; or            (ii)    A homeowners association or condominium in which the property is located.