reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AL Code § 10A-16-1.01 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.01 - Definition of "Business trust."

Section 10A-16-1.01Definition of "business trust." A business trust is an express trust created by a written declaration of trust whereby property is conveyed to one or more trustees, who hold and manage the same for the benefit and profit of such persons as may be or become the holders of transferable certificates evidencing the beneficial interest in the trust estate. (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §1; §19-3-60; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318.)
AL Code § 10A-16-1.02 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.02 - Establishment; Lawful Purposes.

Section 10A-16-1.02Establishment; lawful purposes. A business trust may be established by a declaration of trust, duly executed by one or more trustees, for any lawful purpose including, but not limited to, acquiring, managing, improving, leasing, dealing in, selling, or otherwise alienating, mortgaging, or otherwise incumbering real and personal property of all kinds and descriptions, including dealing in, purchasing, holding, selling, and exchanging stocks, bonds, mortgages, deeds of trust, and other securities of all kinds and descriptions; receiving the income, dividends, rents, profits, and returns therefrom, and investing the same or distributing the same to the beneficial owners of the trust in accordance with the terms of the declaration of trust. (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §2; §19-3-61; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318.)
AL Code § 10A-16-1.03 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.03 - Powers and Liabilities of Trustees; Liability of Trust for Acts of Trustees.

Section 10A-16-1.03 Powers and liabilities of trustees; liability of trust for acts of trustees. The trustees shall hold the legal title to all property at any time belonging to the business trust. They shall have control over the property as well as the control and management of the business and affairs of the business trust. Liability to third persons for any act, omission, or obligation of a trustee of a business trust, when acting in such capacity, shall extend to the whole of the trust estate, or so much thereof as may be necessary to discharge such obligation, but no trustee shall be personally liable for any such act, omission, or obligation. The trustees shall have the powers as to the investment of the trust estate as may be set out in the declaration of trust without regard to the type of investments to which trustees generally are restricted by the provisions of Article 6 of Chapter 3 of Title 19 or otherwise. (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §3; §19-3-62; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318.)
AL Code § 10A-16-1.04 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.04 - Certificate of Ownership; Liability of Beneficial Owners.

Section 10A-16-1.04Certificate of ownership; liability of beneficial owners. The beneficial ownership in a business trust may be evidenced by certificates issued by the trustees. These beneficial interests, whether certificated or uncertificated, shall be transferable in the same manner as stock of a corporation is transferable. No assessment shall be made against the interest of any beneficial owner, and no beneficial owner shall be personally liable for any debts or liabilities incurred by the trustees or by the business trust. (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §4; §19-3-63; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318.)
AL Code § 10A-16-1.05 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.05 - Contents and Recordation of Declaration of Trust.

Section 10A-16-1.05Contents and recordation of declaration of trust. (a) The written declaration of trust may provide for the election of successor trustees in the event of the death, resignation, and removal of a trustee and may provide for the amendment of the declaration of trust. The declaration of trust may also contain other provisions regarding the operation and administration of the business trust as may be necessary or desirable. (b) The declaration of trust shall be delivered to the Secretary of State for filing, accompanied by the filing fee in the amount prescribed by Chapter 1 for a certificate of formation.  (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §5; §19-3-64; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318; Act 2020-73, §10.)
AL Code § 10A-16-1.06 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.06 - Duration of Business Trust; Rules Against Perpetuities and Restraint of Alienation Not Violated.

Section 10A-16-1.06 Duration of business trust; rules against perpetuities and restraint of alienation not violated. A business trust shall not be deemed invalid as violating the rule against perpetuities or the law against suspension of the powers of alienation. Such trust may continue for the time as may be necessary to accomplish the purposes for which it may be created, provided the declaration of trust contains a provision that the trust may be terminated at any time by action of the trustees or by the vote of a specified percentage in interest of the beneficial owners thereof as set forth in the declaration of trust. (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §6; §19-3-65; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318.)
AL Code § 10A-16-1.07 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 16 - Business Trusts.|Section 10A-16-1.07 - Suits Against Trust; Property Subject to Attachment and Execution.

Section 10A-16-1.07Suits against trust; property subject to attachment and execution. A business trust may be sued for debts and other obligations incurred by the trustees in the performance of their duties under the declaration of trust and for any damages resulting from the negligence of the trustees, and its property shall be subject to attachment and execution in like manner as if it were a corporation. (Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 251, p. 2263, §7; §19-3-66; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §318.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.01 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.01 - Short Title.

Section 10A-17-1.01Short title. This chapter together with applicable provisions of Chapter 1 may be cited as the Alabama Unincorporated Nonprofit Association Law. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §1; §10-3B-1; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.02 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.02 - Definitions.

Section 10A-17-1.02Definitions. In this chapter: (1) "Member" means a person who, under the rules or practices of a nonprofit association, may participate in the selection of persons authorized to manage the affairs of the nonprofit association or in the development of policy of the nonprofit association. (2) "Nonprofit association" means an unincorporated organization consisting of two or more members joined by mutual consent as an association for a stated common, nonprofit purpose, but does not include a limited liability company, general partnership, or limited partnership. In addition, joint tenancy, tenancy in common, or tenancy by the entireties does not by itself establish a nonprofit association, even if the co-owners share use of the property for a nonprofit purpose. (3) "Nonprofit purpose" shall be any purpose for which a nonprofit corporation could be organized under the Alabama Nonprofit Corporation Act, as amended, and where no part of income or profit is distributable to its members, directors and officers. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §2; §10-3B-2; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320; Act 2018-125, §6.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.03 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.03 - Supplementary General Principles of Law and Equity.

Section 10A-17-1.03Supplementary general principles of law and equity. Principles of law and equity supplement this chapter unless specifically displaced by a particular provision of it. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §3; §10-3B-3; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.04 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.04 - Governance.

Section 10A-17-1.04Governance. (a) A nonprofit association may adopt written rules for its regulation, management, governance and dissolution. (b) As to matters not addressed by written rules, the following rules shall apply: (1) A member of a nonprofit association shall be entitled to participate in the governance of the association. A majority of the votes cast on a matter by members present and voting at a properly called meeting shall govern as to that matter. (2) As to any matter not determined by vote, the association may take action in accordance with its settled practices. (c) A member acting on behalf of the association shall discharge his or her duties in a manner the member reasonably believes to be in the best interest of the association. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §4; §10-3B-4; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.05 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.05 - Real and Personal Property; Nonprofit Association as Legatee, Devisee, or Beneficiary.

Section 10A-17-1.05Real and personal property; nonprofit association as legatee, devisee, or beneficiary. (a) Unless prohibited or otherwise limited by its written rules or governing documents, a nonprofit association in its name may acquire, hold, encumber, or transfer an estate or interest in real or personal property. (b) Unless prohibited or otherwise limited by its written rules or governing documents, a nonprofit association may be a legatee, devisee, or beneficiary of a trust or contract. (c) Real and personal property in Alabama may be acquired, held, encumbered, and transferred by a nonprofit association, whether the nonprofit association or a member has any other relationship to Alabama. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §5; §10-3B-5; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.06 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.06 - Statement of Authority as to Real Property.

Section 10A-17-1.06Statement of authority as to real property. (a) A nonprofit association shall execute and record a statement of authority to transfer an estate or interest in real property in the name of the nonprofit association. (b) An estate or interest in real property in the name of a nonprofit association may be transferred by a person so authorized in a statement of authority recorded in the office of the judge of probate of the county in which the real property is located. (c) A statement of authority shall set forth: (1) The name of the nonprofit association; (2) The address in Alabama, including the street address, if any, of the nonprofit association, or, if the nonprofit association does not have an address in Alabama, its address out of state; (3) The name or title of a person authorized to transfer an estate or interest in real property held in the name of the nonprofit association; and (4) The action, procedure, or vote of the nonprofit association which authorizes the person to transfer the real property of the nonprofit association and which authorizes the person to execute the statement of authority. (d) A statement of authority shall be executed and recorded in the same manner as a deed by a person who is not the person authorized to transfer the estate or interest. (e) The judge of probate shall collect a fee for recording a statement of authority in accordance with Article 4 of Chapter 1. (f) An amendment, including a cancellation, of a statement of authority shall meet the requirements for execution and recording, and be accompanied by payment of the same recording fee payable to and for the judge of probate, of an original statement. Unless cancelled earlier, a recorded statement of authority as amended is cancelled by operation of law five years after the date of the most recent amended statement of authority. (g) If the record title to real property is in the name of a nonprofit association and the statement of authority is recorded in the office of the judge of probate of the county in which the real property is located, the authority of the person named in a statement of authority is conclusive in favor of a person who gives value without notice that the person lacks authority. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §6; §10-3B-6; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320; Act 2020-73, §10.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.07 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.07 - Liability in Tort and Contract.

Section 10A-17-1.07Liability in tort and contract. (a) A nonprofit association is a legal entity separate from its members for the purposes of determining and enforcing rights, duties, and liabilities in contract and tort. (b) A person is not liable for a breach of a nonprofit association's contract merely because the person is a member, is authorized to participate in the management of the affairs of the nonprofit association, or is a person considered to be a member by the nonprofit association. (c) A person is not liable for a tortious act or omission for which a nonprofit association is liable merely because the person is a member, is authorized to participate in the management of the affairs of the nonprofit association, or is a person considered to be a member by the nonprofit association. (d) A tortious act or omission of a member or other person for which a nonprofit association is liable is not imputed to a person merely because the person is a member of the nonprofit association, is authorized to participate in the management of the affairs of the nonprofit association, or is a person considered to be a member by the nonprofit association. (e) A member of, or a person considered to be a member by, a nonprofit association may assert a claim against the nonprofit association. A nonprofit association may assert a claim against a member or a person considered to be a member by the nonprofit association. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §7; §10-3B-7; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.08 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.08 - Capacity to Assert and Defend; Standing.

Section 10A-17-1.08Capacity to assert and defend; standing. (a) A nonprofit association, in its name, may institute, defend, intervene, or participate in a judicial, administrative, or other governmental proceeding or in an arbitration, mediation, or any other form of alternative dispute resolution. (b) A nonprofit association may assert a claim in its name on behalf of its members if one or more members of the nonprofit association have standing to assert a claim in their own right, the interests the nonprofit association seeks to protect are germane to its purposes, and neither the claim asserted nor the relief requested requires the participation of a member. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §8; §10-3B-8; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.09 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.09 - Effect of Judgment or Order.

Section 10A-17-1.09Effect of judgment or order. A judgment or order against a nonprofit association is not by itself a judgment or order against a member. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §9; §10-3B-9; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.10 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.10 - Disposition of Personal Property of Inactive or Dissolved Nonprofit Association.

Section 10A-17-1.10Disposition of personal property of inactive or dissolved nonprofit association. If a nonprofit association has been inactive for five years or longer, or has been dissolved, a person in possession or control of personal property of the nonprofit association may transfer the property: (1) If a document of a nonprofit association specifies a person to whom transfer is to be made under these circumstances, to that person; or (2) If no person is so specified, to a nonprofit association or nonprofit corporation pursuing broadly similar purposes, or to a government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §10; §10-3B-10; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.11 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.11 - Appointment of Agent to Receive Service of Process.

Section 10A-17-1.11Appointment of agent to receive service of process. (a) A nonprofit association may deliver to the Secretary of State for filing a statement appointing an agent authorized to receive service of process. (b) A statement appointing an agent shall set forth: (1) The name of the nonprofit association; (2) The address in Alabama, including the street address, if any, of the nonprofit association, or, if the nonprofit association does not have an address in Alabama, its address out of state; and (3) The name of the person in Alabama authorized to receive service of process and the person's address, including the street address, in Alabama. (c) A statement appointing an agent shall be signed and acknowledged by a person authorized to manage the affairs of the nonprofit association. The statement shall also be signed and acknowledged by the person appointed agent, who thereby accepts appointment.  (d) The appointed agent may resign by delivering to the Secretary of State for filing a resignation, and by giving notice to the nonprofit association. The appointment of the agent shall terminate upon the expiration of 30 days after the Secretary of State has filed the resignation. (e) The Secretary of State may collect a fee for filing a statement appointing an agent to receive service of process, an amendment, or a resignation in the amount charged for filing similar documents for nonprofit corporations. (f) An amendment to a statement appointing an agent to receive service of process shall meet the requirements for execution of an original statement. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §11; §10-3B-11; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320; Act 2020-73, §10.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.12 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.12 - Claim Not Abated by Change of Members or Offices.

Section 10A-17-1.12Claim not abated by change of members or offices. A claim for relief against a nonprofit association does not abate merely because of a change in its members or persons authorized to manage the affairs of the nonprofit association. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §12; §10-3B-12; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.13 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.13 - Venue.

Section 10A-17-1.13Venue. Venue shall be as is provided in Section 6-3-6, as may be amended from time to time. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §13; §10-3B-13; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.14 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.14 - Summons and Complaint; Service on Whom.

Section 10A-17-1.14Summons and complaint; service on whom. In an action or proceeding against a nonprofit association, a summons and complaint shall be served on an agent authorized by appointment in Section 10A-17-1.11 herein to receive service of process, or on an officer, managing or general agent, or person authorized to participate in the management of its affairs, or in any manner otherwise provided in the Alabama Rules of Civil Procedure. If after reasonable efforts to accomplish service through these methods, service cannot be accomplished, then service may be made on a member of the association. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §14; §10-3B-14; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)
AL Code § 10A-17-1.15 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 10A - Alabama Business and Nonprofit Entities Code.|Chapter 17 - Unincorporated Nonprofit Associations.|Section 10A-17-1.15 - Transition Concerning Real and Personal Property.

Section 10A-17-1.15Transition concerning real and personal property. (a) If, before January 1, 1996, an estate or interest in real or personal property was purportedly transferred to a nonprofit association, on January 1, 1996 the estate or interest vests in the nonprofit association unless the parties have treated the transfer as ineffective. (b) If, before January 1, 1996, the transfer vested the estate or interest in another person to hold the estate or interest as a fiduciary for the benefit of the nonprofit association, its members, or both, on or after January 1, 1996, unless otherwise prohibited by terms of a written trust, the fiduciary may transfer the estate or interest to the nonprofit association in its name, or the nonprofit association, by appropriate proceedings, may require that the estate or interest be transferred to it in its name. (Acts 1995, No. 95-527, p. 1064, §15; §10-3B-15; amended and renumbered by Act 2009-513, p. 967, §320.)