reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 49-6a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-6a - Definitions. Interim financing policy disclosure required.

 (a) For the purposes of this section:(1) “Creditor” means any state bank and trust company or national banking association, state or federal savings bank, state or federal savings and loan association, state or federal credit union, licensed mortgage lender, mortgage correspondent lender or other financial institution.(2) “Mortgage loan” means a loan which is secured by a first mortgage on one to four family residential real property located in this state;(3) “Applicant” means any person who applies for a mortgage loan; and(4) “Interim financing” means a short term loan, the proceeds of which are to be used by an applicant to purchase one to four family residential real property, which is due and payable upon the sale of the applicant's current residence.(b) Each creditor who has a policy of not offering interim financing shall disclose such policy to the applicant in writing in plain language at the time the mortgage loan application is filed. The applicant shall sign the disclosure statement to acknowledge its receipt.(P.A. 86-160; P.A. 08-176, S. 76.)History: P.A. 08-176 redefined “creditor” in Subdiv. (1) to include “mortgage correspondent lender” and make a conforming change, effective July 1, 2008.
CT Gen Stat § 49-6b (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-6b - Definitions.

 For the purposes of this section and sections 49-6c and 49-6d:(1) “Person” includes individuals, partnerships, associations, limited liability companies and corporations;(2) “Creditor” means any person or the assignee of any person who in the ordinary course of business extends credit to a consumer debtor residing in this state;(3) “Consumer debtor” means any natural person to whom credit for personal, family or household purposes has been extended;(4) The adjective “consumer” characterizes the transaction as one in which the party to whom credit is offered or extended is a natural person, and the money, property or services which are the subject of the transaction are primarily for personal, family, or household use.(P.A. 86-268, S. 4; P.A. 95-79, S. 172, 189.)History: P.A. 95-79 redefined “person” to include limited liability companies, effective May 31, 1995.
CT Gen Stat § 49-6c (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-6c - Notice of late fee required. Exception.

 A creditor shall mail to a consumer debtor a written notice of the imposition of any delinquency charge, late fee or similar assessment as a result of a late payment on a note, mortgage or installment sales contract unless the creditor issues a periodic statement which may include any delinquency charge, late fee, or similar assessment. Such notice shall be mailed within sixty days of the imposition of such charge.(P.A. 86-268, S. 5.)
CT Gen Stat § 49-6d (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-6d - Legal representation.

 (a) Each creditor shall notify a consumer debtor in writing when a mortgage loan application is filed that such debtor:(1) May have legal interests that differ from the creditor's;(2) May not be required by the creditor to be represented by the creditor's attorney;(3) May waive the right to be represented by an attorney;(4) May direct any complaints concerning violations of this section to the Department of Banking.(b) The notice shall be written in plain language and shall be signed by the consumer debtor to acknowledge its receipt.(P.A. 86-268, S. 6; P.A. 87-9, S. 2, 3.)History: (Revisor's note: Pursuant to P.A. 87-9 “banking department” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “department of banking”).
CT Gen Stat § 49-7 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-7 - Agreements concerning expenses and attorneys' fees.

 Any agreement contained in a bill, note, trade acceptance or other evidence of indebtedness, whether negotiable or not, or in any mortgage, to pay costs, expenses or attorneys' fees, or any of them, incurred by the holder of that evidence of indebtedness or mortgage, in any proceeding for collection of the debt, or in any foreclosure of the mortgage, or in protecting or sustaining the lien of the mortgage, is valid, but shall be construed as an agreement for fair compensation rather than as a penalty, and the court may determine the amounts to be allowed for those expenses and attorneys' fees, even though the agreement may specify a larger sum.(1949 Rev., S. 7193; P.A. 79-602, S. 67.)History: P.A. 79-602 substituted “is” for “shall be” and “those”, “that” or “the” for “such” where appearing.Cited. 120 C. 671. Imposition of attorneys' fee does not render note usurious as such fee is not interest within meaning of Sec. 37-4. 141 C. 301. Attorneys' fees properly awarded for defense of antitrust suit and in bankruptcy proceedings as well as for the foreclosure proceedings. 178 C. 640.Cited. 1 CA 30.
CT Gen Stat § 49-7a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-7a - Lenders prohibited from requiring multiple original notes.

 No lender shall require a borrower, as a condition of obtaining a loan, to sign multiple original notes to evidence such loan.(P.A. 95-200.)
CT Gen Stat § 49-7f (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-7f - Mortgage brokers and lenders prohibited from referring buyers of real property to a real estate broker, salesperson or attorney for a fee or commission. Suspension or revocation of licenses.

 (a) No mortgage broker or lender, as defined in subdivision (5) of section 49-31d, or any person affiliated with such mortgage broker or lender shall receive a fee, commission or other form of referral fee for the referral of any person to (1) a real estate broker, real estate salesperson, as defined in section 20-311, or any person affiliated with such broker or salesperson or any person engaged in the real estate business, as defined in said section 20-311, or (2) an attorney-at-law admitted to practice within this state or any person affiliated with such attorney.(b) Any person who violates the provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall upon a verified complaint in writing of any person, provided such complaint, or such complaint together with evidence, documentary or otherwise, presented in connection therewith, shall make out a prima facie case, to the Banking Commissioner, who shall investigate the actions of any mortgage broker or lender, or any person who assumes to act in any of such capacities within this state. The Banking Commissioner shall have the power temporarily to suspend or permanently to revoke any license issued under the provisions of subpart (A) of part I of chapter 668 and, in addition to or in lieu of such suspension or revocation, may, in the commissioner's discretion, impose a fine of not more than one thousand dollars for each offense for any violation of the provisions of subsection (a) of this section.(P.A. 94-240, S. 13; P.A. 96-200, S. 26; P.A. 03-84, S. 38.)History: P.A. 96-200 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute “salesperson” for “salesman”; (Revisor's note: In 1997 a reference in Subsec. (b) to “chapter 660a” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “subdivision (A) of part I of chapter 668”. In 2003 the reference to “subdivision (A)” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “subpart (A)” for clarity of reference); P.A. 03-84 changed “Commissioner of Banking” to “Banking Commissioner” and made a technical change in Subsec. (b), effective June 3, 2003.
CT Gen Stat § 49-9 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-9 - Release of mortgage, mechanic's lien or power of attorney. Form of instrument. Index. Operation of executed release.

 (a) A mortgage of real or personal property, a mechanic's lien or a power of attorney for the conveyance of land may be released by an instrument in writing executed, attested and acknowledged in the same manner as deeds of land, setting forth that the mortgage, mechanic's lien or power of attorney for the conveyance of land is discharged or that the indebtedness or other obligation secured thereby has been satisfied. That instrument vests in the person or persons entitled thereto such legal title as is held by virtue of the mortgage, or mechanic's lien. An instrument in substantially the form following is sufficient for the release:Know all Men by these Presents, That .... of .... in the county of .... and state of .... do hereby release and discharge a certain (mortgage, mechanic's lien or power of attorney for the conveyance of land) from .... to .... dated .... and recorded in the records of the town of .... in the county of .... and state of Connecticut, in book .... at page ....In Witness Whereof .... have hereunto set .... hand and seal, this .... day of ....,A.D. ....Signed, sealed and deliveredin the presence of(Seal)(Acknowledgment)(b) In the case of partial releases of mortgages as provided for in section 49-8, the instrument shall state the extent to which the mortgage is partially released and a sufficiently definite and certain description of that part of the property securing the mortgage which is being released therefrom.(c) Town clerks shall note the discharge or partial release as by law provided and shall index the record of each such instrument under the name of the releasor and of the mortgagor.(d) A release of mortgage executed in accordance with this section shall operate to release the interest of the releasor in the mortgage which is the subject of the release, even if such interest is, in fact, acquired by the releasor after executing such release or does not appear of record until after the execution of such release. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the effect of any release of mortgage recorded before, on or after October 1, 2006.(1949 Rev., S. 7113; 1963, P.A. 590, S. 2; 1967, P.A. 120, S. 1; P.A. 79-602, S. 69; P.A. 06-156, S. 2.)History: 1963 act applied provisions to power of attorney for the conveyance of land, designated previous provisions as Subsecs. (a) and (c) and inserted new Subsec. (b) re partial release of mortgages; 1967 act removed judgment liens from purview of section; P.A. 79-602 made minor changes in wording; P.A. 06-156 added Subsec. (d) re operation of release executed in accordance with section.See Sec. 7-34a re town clerks' fees.See Sec. 52-380d re release of judgment lien on real or personal property.
CT Gen Stat § 49-9a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-9a - Validation of release of mortgage. Affidavit.

 (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, a release of mortgage executed by any person other than an individual that is invalid because it is not issued or executed by, or fails to appear in the name of the record holder of the mortgage on one, two, three or four-family residential real property located in this state, including, but not limited to, a residential unit in any common interest community, as defined in section 47-202, shall be as valid as if it had been issued or executed by, or appeared in the name of, the record holder of the mortgage unless an action challenging the validity of the release is commenced and a notice of lis pendens is recorded in the land records of the town where the release is recorded within five years after the release is recorded, provided an affidavit is recorded in the land records of the town where the mortgage was recorded which states the following:(1) The affiant has been and remains the record owner or the personal representative of the record owner of the real property described in the mortgage for at least two years prior to and as of the date of the affidavit;(2) The recording information for the mortgage, any assignment of the mortgage and the release;(3) Since the date of the recording of the release, the affiant has received no demand for payment of all or any portion of the debt secured by the mortgage and has received no notice or communication that would indicate that all or any portion of the mortgage debt remains due and owing; and(4) To the best of the affiant's knowledge and belief, the mortgage debt has been paid in full.(b) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to any release obtained by forgery or fraud.(P.A. 04-67, S. 1; P.A. 10-36, S. 7; P.A. 16-194, S. 3.)History: P.A. 04-67 effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 10-36 made technical changes, effective July 1, 2010; P.A. 16-194 amended Subsec. (a)(1) by adding provisions re affiant remains record owner or personal representative of record owner as of the date of the affidavit.
CT Gen Stat § 49-11 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-11 - Release of mortgage by executor, administrator, spouse, next of kin, guardian, conservator or other suitable person.

 The executor of the will or administrator of the estate of any deceased mortgagee, or the spouse or next of kin, or other suitable person whom the court considers to have a sufficient interest, to whom a decree is issued under section 45a-273, and any guardian whose ward, or conservator whose conserved person, as defined in section 45a-644, is a mortgagee, may, on the payment, satisfaction or sale of the mortgage debt, release the legal title to the party entitled thereto.(1949 Rev., S. 7115; P.A. 79-193, S. 2; P.A. 80-483, S. 131, 186; P.A. 81-82, S. 2; P.A. 07-116, S. 30.)History: P.A. 79-193 authorized spouse or next of kin to release legal title; P.A. 80-483 made slight change in wording for clarity; P.A. 81-82 permitted any suitable person deemed to have a sufficient interest by the court to release a mortgage of a deceased mortgagee; P.A. 07-116 substituted “considers” for “deems”, added “or conservator whose conserved person, as defined in section 45a-644” and made a conforming change.Mortgage title does not revest by payment of mortgage money after law day. 17 C. 146. Under section, part of the land may be released on payment of part of the debt. 50 C. 266.
CT Gen Stat § 49-12 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-12 - Release of mortgage by foreign executor, administrator, trustee, conservator or guardian.

 The executor of the will or the administrator or trustee of the estate of any deceased nonresident, or the conservator or guardian of any nonresident person, may, by a release or assignment executed in the manner required for the execution of instruments conveying title to real estate in this state, release or assign any mortgage of real estate held by such deceased or nonresident person in this state, provided the executor, administrator, trustee, guardian or conservator shall file for record, with the town clerk of the town in which the real estate is situated, a certificate of his appointment and qualification, issued by the court having jurisdiction of the settlement of the estate of the deceased or the estate of the nonresident person.(1949 Rev., S. 7116; 1953, S. 2953d; P.A. 79-602, S. 71.)History: P.A. 79-602 substituted “the” for “such” where appearing.
CT Gen Stat § 49-13a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-13a - Undischarged mortgage invalid as further lien. Time periods. Tolling of time period by recording notice.

 (a) When record title to real property remains encumbered by any undischarged mortgage, and the mortgagor or those owning the mortgagor's interest therein have been in undisturbed possession of the property for at least twenty years after the expiration of the time limited in the mortgage for the full performance of the conditions thereof, or for at least forty years from the recording of the mortgage if the mortgage does not disclose the time when the note or indebtedness is payable or the time for full performance of the conditions of the mortgage, unless a notice is recorded pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the mortgage shall be invalid as a further lien against the real property, provided an affidavit, subscribed and sworn to by the party in possession, stating the fact of such possession, is recorded on the land records of the town in which the property is situated.(b) The record holder of an undischarged mortgage on real property may, prior to the expiration of the applicable time period specified in subsection (a) of this section, record a notice, on the land records of the town in which the property is situated, that contains: (1) The name or names of the mortgagors; (2) the recording information for the mortgage and any assignment of the mortgage; and (3) a statement of the reasons why the mortgage is valid and effective. Upon the recording of such notice in accordance with this subsection, the applicable time period after which the mortgage shall be invalid as a further lien against the real property as provided in subsection (a) of this section shall be tolled for a period of ten years from the recording of such notice. Any such notice shall be indexed in the grantor's index under the name or names of the mortgagors and in the grantee's index under the name of the record holder of the mortgage.(1969, P.A. 595, S. 3; P.A. 79-602, S. 73; P.A. 95-102, S. 5; P.A. 06-156, S. 4.)History: P.A. 79-602 substituted “the” for “such” where appearing; P.A. 95-102 required 40 rather than 60 years of undisturbed possession and deleted reference to “presumed” invalidity of mortgage; P.A. 06-156 designated existing provisions as Subsec. (a) and amended same by replacing 40 years with 20 years re expiration of time limited in mortgage for full performance, adding provision re 40-year time period if mortgage does not disclose time payable or for full performance, inserting provision re notice recorded pursuant to Subsec. (b) and making technical changes, and added Subsec. (b) re tolling of applicable time period by recording notice.
CT Gen Stat § 49-16 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-16 - Foreclosure certificate. Penalty.

 When any mortgage of real estate has been foreclosed, and the time limited for redemption has passed, and the title to the mortgaged premises has become absolute in the mortgagee, or any person claiming under him, he shall, either in person or by his agent or attorney, forthwith make and sign a certificate describing the premises foreclosed, the deed of mortgage on which the foreclosure was had, the book and page where the same was recorded and the time when the mortgage title became absolute. The certificate shall be recorded in the records of the town where the premises are situated and shall be substantially in the form following:To all whom it may concern. This certifies that a mortgage from .... of the town of ...., county of ...., in the state of ...., to .... of the town of ...., county of ...., and state of ...., bearing date the .... day of ...., A.D. ...., and recorded in the land records of the town of ...., book ...., page ...., was foreclosed upon the complaint of .... against ...., the owner of the equity of redemption in said mortgaged premises, and against ...., having an interest therein, in the .... court .... held at .... within and for the county of .... and the state of Connecticut on the .... day of ...., A.D. 20... The premises foreclosed are described as follows, viz.: .... The time limited for redemption in said judgment of foreclosure has passed and the title to said premises became absolute in the said .... on the .... day of ...., A.D. 20...Dated at ...., this .... day of ...., 20...If such person neglects to lodge the certificate for one month after the title becomes absolute, he shall be fined not more than five dollars.(1949 Rev., S. 7197; P.A. 79-602, S. 76.)History: P.A. 79-602 made minor changes in wording but made no substantive changes; (Revisor's note: In 2001 the references in this section to the date “19..” were changed editorially by the Revisors to “20..” to reflect the new millennium).Penalties for only 1 year before suit can be collected; filing of certificate before action no bar to action. 57 C. 52. Filing certificate does not extinguish mortgage debt unless premises are actually appropriated to its satisfaction; what constitutes such appropriation. 102 C. 648. Cited. 202 C. 566.Cited. 20 CA 163.
CT Gen Stat § 49-17 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-17 - Foreclosure by owner of debt without legal title.

 When any mortgage is foreclosed by the person entitled to receive the money secured thereby but to whom the legal title to the mortgaged premises has never been conveyed, the title to such premises shall, upon the expiration of the time limited for redemption and on failure of redemption, vest in him in the same manner and to the same extent as such title would have vested in the mortgagee if he had foreclosed, provided the person so foreclosing shall forthwith cause the decree of foreclosure to be recorded in the land records in the town in which the land lies.(1949 Rev., S. 7198.)Failure to produce mortgage, if it is admitted in the pleadings, held of no consequence. 81 C. 422. Under section, the holder of a promissory note is presumed to be the owner of the debt and, unless the presumption is rebutted, the holder may foreclose the mortgage. 303 C. 224.Section provides avenue for holder of note to foreclose on property when mortgage has not been assigned to him. 75 CA 791. Statute codifies common law principle of long standing that “the mortgage follows the note”, pursuant to which only note's rightful owner has right to enforce the mortgage. 95 CA 390. Plaintiff had authority to bring foreclosure action where principals designated plaintiff as the payee and holder of a negotiable promissory note documenting defendants' indebtedness, thereby unequivocally manifesting intention to authorize plaintiff to exercise rights that law of negotiable instruments confers on holder of promissory note. 135 CA 58. Summary judgment properly granted where plaintiff demonstrated that the owner of the note authorized plaintiff to enforce the debt and initiate foreclosure proceedings on the owner's behalf. 157 CA 127. The dictates of this section and Sec. 49-33 must trump those in Sec. 47-10, and therefore a valid assignee of a mortgage note has standing to foreclose irrespective of whether that assignee records the assignment prior to instituting the action. 167 CA 183.
CT Gen Stat § 49-17a (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 49 - Mortgages and Liens|Chapter 846 - Mortgages|Section 49-17a - Collection of rental payments without legal title.

 Any previous mortgagor of real property against whom a final judgment of foreclosure has been entered, who continues to collect rental payments on such property after passage of such mortgagor's law day, and who has no legal right to do so, shall be subject to the penalties for larceny under sections 53a-122 to 53a-125b, inclusive, depending on the amount involved.(P.A. 17-26, S. 7.)