reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
32 V.S.A. § 5402c
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5402c. Wind-powered electric generating facilities tax

§ 5402c. Wind-powered electric generating facilities tax|(a) A facility certified by the Commissioner of Public Service as a facility which produces electrical energy for resale, generated solely from wind power, which has an installed capacity of at least one megawatt, which was placed in service after January 1, 2007, and which holds a valid certificate of public good issued under 30 V.S.A. § 248, shall be assessed an alternative education property tax on its buildings and fixtures used directly and exclusively in the generation of electrical energy from wind power.(b) The tax shall be imposed at a rate per kWh of electrical energy produced by the certified facility, as determined by the Public Service Department for the six months ending April 30 and the six months ending October 31 each year. The rate of the tax shall be $0.003.(c) In no case shall the tax imposed for any six-month period be less than an amount equal to the rate per kWh imposed by this subsection multiplied by the number of kWh that would be generated if the facility operated at 15 percent of the facility's average capacity factor.(d) The tax imposed by this section shall be paid to the Commissioner of Taxes by the person or entity then owning or operating the certified facility by December 1 for the period ending October 31 and by June 1 for the period ending April 30 for deposit into the Education Fund. A person or entity failing to make returns or pay the tax imposed by this section within the time required shall be subject to and governed by the provisions of sections 3202 and 3203 and subchapters 8 and 9 of chapter 151 of this title.(e) Unless buildings and fixtures are taxed under this section, they shall remain subject to taxation under section 5402 of this title. Buildings and fixtures subject to the education property tax under this section shall not be taken into account in determining the common level of appraisal for the municipality. (Added 2007, No. 92 (Adj. Sess.), § 25; amended 2011, No. 127 (Adj. Sess.), § 5, eff. Jan. 1, 2013.)
32 V.S.A. § 5403
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5403. Assessment districts

§ 5403. Assessment districts|(a) A municipality may vote at any regular or special meeting to merge with one or more other municipalities in the same unified union school district to create or join an assessment district for the purpose of standardized property valuation.(b) All municipalities merged into an assessment district shall agree to implement standardized assessment procedures approved by the Commissioner. The Commissioner shall provide written guidance to municipalities relating to how they may receive approval under this subsection.(c) A vote to merge with an assessment district shall be binding on a municipality for five years. After five years, a municipality may vote at any regular or special meeting to leave the assessment district, unless the assessment district has consolidated all administrative functions.(d) All municipalities within an assessment district shall be treated as a single municipality for purposes of the equalization process established by section 5405 of this chapter.(e) Municipalities within an assessment district shall maintain independent grand lists for municipal taxation, as well as independent processes for grievances, property valuation appeals, abatements, grand list filing, use value appraisal parcel management, reappraisal, and financial interaction with the Agency of Education, unless the Commissioner, in writing, authorizes the municipalities of an assessment district to consolidate all property valuation administrative functions. (Added 2019, No. 51, § 26.)
32 V.S.A. § 5404
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5404. Determination of education property tax grand list

§ 5404. Determination of education property tax grand list|(a) Municipalities shall determine the education property tax grand list by calculating one percent of the listed value of nonhomestead and homestead real property as provided in this section. The listed value of all nonhomestead and homestead real property in a municipality shall be its fair market value, its value established under a stabilization agreement described in section 5404a of this title, or the use value of property enrolled in a Use Value Program under chapter 124 of this title. If a homestead is located on a parcel of greater than two acres, the entire parcel shall be appraised at fair market value; the housesite shall then be appraised as if it were situated on a separate parcel and the value of the housesite shall be subtracted from the value of the total parcel to determine the value of the remainder of the parcel.(b) Annually, on or before August 15, the clerk of a municipality, or the supervisor of an unorganized town or gore, shall transmit to the Director in an electronic or other format as prescribed by the Director: education and municipal grand list data, including exemption information and grand list abstracts; tax rates; and the total amount of taxes assessed in the town or unorganized town or gore. The data transmitted shall identify each parcel by a parcel identification number assigned under a numbering system prescribed by the Director. Municipalities may continue to use existing numbering systems in addition to, but not in substitution for, the parcel identification system prescribed by the Director. If changes or additions to the grand list are made by the listers or other officials authorized to do so after such abstract has been so transmitted, such clerks shall forthwith certify the same to the Director.(c) If a town clerk or the legislative body fails without good cause, as determined by the Commissioner, to transmit the grand list data or the tax data in a timely manner and in the format required by the Director, the Commissioner shall notify the Secretary of Transportation and the Secretary of Education, who shall withhold all general and other aid payments owing to the municipality until the grand list information is filed as required by the Director under subsection (b) of this section. Federal funds are exempt from withholding if either Secretary has an opinion of counsel that withholding would be a violation of federal law.(d) Municipalities shall include, on all property tax bills, the parcel identification number prescribed in subsection (b) of this section. (Added 1997, No. 60, § 45, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; amended 2003, No. 68, § 29, eff. June 18, 2003; 2009, No. 160 (Adj. Sess.), § 5, eff. June 4, 2010; 2013, No. 92 (Adj. Sess.), § 286, eff. Feb. 14, 2014.)
32 V.S.A. § 5404b
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5404b. Hydro-electric property; conservation easements; transfers

§ 5404b. Hydro-electric property; conservation easements; transfers|Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including the provisions of subdivisions 3481(1) and 3802(1) of this title:  (1) any real property subject to conservation easements granted pursuant to the terms of any agreement executed on or after January 1, 1997 between companies owning real property used for hydro-electric generation in this State, and the State of Vermont shall continue to be assessed and property taxes collected as if such property were not subject to such easements; (2) any real property purchased by the State pursuant to the terms of any agreement executed on or after January 1, 1997 between companies owning real property used for hydro-electric generation in this State and the State of Vermont, which property continues to be owned by the State, or by some successor owner which would otherwise be exempt from property taxes, shall continue to be assessed and property taxes collected as if such property were not so purchased by the State; and (3) any real property and fixtures used for hydro-electric generation and purchased by the Town of Rockingham on or after January 1, 2002, which property and fixtures continue to be owned by the Town of Rockingham and used for purposes of hydro-electric generation, shall continue to be listed on the education property tax grand list and assessed as if such property were not so purchased by the Town of Rockingham. The Town shall, in lieu of property taxes, pay to any governmental body authorized to levy property taxes the amount which would be assessable as property taxes on the real and tangible personal property if that property were the property of a utility. These payments shall be due, and bear interest if unpaid, as in the case of taxes on the property of a utility. For purposes of these payments in lieu of taxes, the assessors of the taxing authority shall make a valuation and assessment of the property, and determine the tax that would be assessable if the property were owned by a utility. Payments in lieu of taxes made under this chapter shall be treated in the same manner as taxes for the purposes of all procedural and substantive provisions of law, including appeals, now and hereinafter in effect applicable to assessment and taxation of real and personal property, collection and abatement of these taxes, and the raising of public revenues. (Added 1997, No. 60, § 45, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; amended 2003, No. 121 (Adj. Sess.), § 100, eff. June 8, 2004.)
32 V.S.A. § 5406
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5406. Notice of fair market value and coefficient of dispersion

§ 5406. Notice of fair market value and coefficient of dispersion|(a) Not later than January 1 of each year, the Director of Property Valuation and Review shall notify the town clerk and chair of the board of listers of each municipality of the equalized education property value and the coefficient of dispersion of that town for the prior year, and of the manner by which the equalized education property value and coefficient of dispersion were determined by the Director.(b) Not later than April 1 of each year, the Director shall certify to the Secretary of Education the equalized education property value and coefficient of dispersion for the prior year of every municipality of the State.(c) If the Director of Property Valuation and Review certifies that a municipality has completed a townwide reappraisal, the common level of appraisal for that municipality shall be equal to its new grand list value divided by its most recent equalized grand list value, for purposes of determining education property tax rates. (Added 1997, No. 60, § 45, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; amended 1997, No. 71 (Adj. Sess.), § 10, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; 2003, No. 76 (Adj. Sess.), § 9, eff. Feb. 17, 2004; 2005, No. 75, § 12; 2013, No. 92 (Adj. Sess.), § 287, eff. Feb. 14, 2014.)
32 V.S.A. § 5408
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5408. Petition for redetermination

§ 5408. Petition for redetermination|(a) Not later than 35 days after mailing of a notice under section 5406 of this title, a municipality may petition the Director of Property Valuation and Review for a redetermination of the municipality's equalized education property value and coefficient of dispersion. The petition shall be in writing and shall be signed by the chair of the legislative body of the municipality or designee.(b)(1) Upon receipt of a petition for redetermination under subsection (a) of this section, the Director shall, after written notice, grant a hearing upon the petition to the aggrieved town.  (2) The Director shall thereafter notify the town and the Secretary of Education of his or her redetermination of the equalized education property value and coefficient of dispersion of the town or district, in the manner provided for notices of original determinations under section 5406 of this title.   (c)(1) A municipality, within 30 days after the Director's redetermination, may appeal the redetermination to the Superior Court of the county in which the municipality is located. The Superior Court shall hear the matter de novo in the manner provided by Rule 74 of the Vermont Rules of Civil Procedure.  (2) An appeal from the decision of the Superior Court shall be to the Supreme Court under the Vermont Rules of Appellate Procedure. (Added 1997, No. 60, § 45, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; amended 1999, No. 49, § 52, eff. June 2, 1999; 2013, No. 92 (Adj. Sess.), § 288, eff. Feb. 14, 2014; 2013, No. 174 (Adj. Sess.), § 16, eff. June 4, 2014; 2018, No. 2 (Sp. Sess.), § 5.)
32 V.S.A. § 5409
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5409. Duties of municipalities and administration

§ 5409. Duties of municipalities and administration|The following shall apply with regard to the statewide education tax imposed under this chapter:  (1) Late payments of the tax by a municipality to the State shall be assessed interest at a per diem rate of eight percent per annum of the amount due. If a payment is more than 90 days overdue, any State funds due the municipality shall be withheld. (2) If by August 1 a municipality has failed to issue notices of assessment of the statewide education tax; or if the municipality fails for more than 90 days after the due date for any installment payment to enforce the tax in the municipality; then the Commissioner of Taxes shall either issue notices of assessment or collect the tax, or both, or bring appropriate court action to require the municipal officials to issue notices and collect the tax, as the Commissioner deems necessary. (3) In any case of administration under subdivision (2) of this section by the Commissioner of Taxes of education property tax:  (A) Sections 3202, 3203, 5868, 5875, 5882-5887, and 5891-5895 of this title, as amended, shall apply in the same manner as to income tax. (B) Persons aggrieved by decisions of the listers may appeal in the manner provided for property tax appeals in chapter 131 of this title; and the Commissioner of Taxes shall have all the powers described in chapter 133 of this title. (C) The Commissioner may abate in whole or in part the statewide education taxes of a taxpayer who has been granted an abatement of municipal taxes under 24 V.S.A. § 1535.  (4) [Deleted.] (5) In case of insufficient property tax payment by a taxpayer to a municipality, payments shall be allocated first to municipal property tax, and next to statewide education tax. In case of insufficient payment by a taxpayer to the Department of Taxes, payments shall be allocated first to liabilities other than education taxes, and next to education tax. (6) In case of overpayment by a taxpayer who has an income tax liability under chapter 151 of this title and a homestead property tax liability, a refund of the overpayment, after accounting for any benefit amount allowed under chapter 154 of this title, shall be deemed to be a refund of income tax for purposes of debt setoff under subchapter 12 of chapter 151 of this title. (7) Notwithstanding section 435 of this title, the Commissioner shall deposit the revenue from taxes imposed under this chapter in the education fund. (8) A municipality's liability to the State for education taxes shall not be reduced by any early payment property tax discount or similar discount offered by the municipality. (Added 1997, No. 60, § 45, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; amended 1997, No. 71 (Adj. Sess.), § 11, eff. Jan. 1, 1998; 1997, No. 71 (Adj. Sess.), § 75, eff. January 1, 1999; 1997, No. 156 (Adj. Sess.), § 50, eff. April 29, 1998; 2003, No. 68, § 21, eff. June 18, 2003; 2019, No. 14, § 78, eff. April 30, 2019.)
32 V.S.A. § 5411
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 135 - Education Property Tax|§ 5411. Rules

§ 5411. Rules|The Commissioner of Taxes and the Director of Property Valuation and Review may each adopt formal or informal rules in order to carry out the provisions of this chapter. (Added 1997, No. 60, § 45, eff. Jan. 1, 1998.)
32 V.S.A. § 5812
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5812. Income taxation of parties to a civil union

§ 5812. Income taxation of parties to a civil union|This chapter shall apply to parties to a civil union or civil marriage and surviving parties to a civil union or civil marriage as if federal income tax law recognized a civil union and civil marriage in the same manner as Vermont law. (Added 1999, No. 91 (Adj. Sess.), § 21; amended 2013, No. 73, § 19.)
32 V.S.A. § 5819
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5819. Inconsistent provisions

§ 5819. Inconsistent provisions|Notwithstanding any provision of the statutes of this State to the contrary, no individual, corporation or other taxpayer, and no item of income, shall be exempt from taxation under this chapter unless the individual, corporation, other taxpayer or item of income, as the case may be, is expressly exempted from taxation by this chapter. (Added 1966, No. 61 (Sp. Sess.), § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966; amended 1967, No. 121, § 2, eff. Jan. 1, 1968 for taxable years beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1968.)
32 V.S.A. § 5820
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5820. Purpose

§ 5820. Purpose|(a) This chapter is intended to conform the Vermont personal and corporate income taxes with the United States Internal Revenue Code, except as otherwise expressly provided, in order to simplify the taxpayer's filing of returns, reduce the taxpayer's accounting burdens, and facilitate the collection and administration of these taxes.(b) It is intended that, for any taxable year, individuals, estates, and trusts shall be taxed upon only their Vermont income for that year, but that the rate at which the Vermont income of any taxpayer is taxed under this chapter shall reflect the taxpayer's ability to pay as measured by his or her adjusted gross income for the taxable year. (Added 1966, No. 61 (Sp. Sess.), § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966; amended 1967, No. 121, § 3, eff. Jan. 1, 1968 for taxable years beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1968.)
32 V.S.A. § 5821
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5821. Name of tax

§ 5821. Name of tax|The tax imposed by this subchapter shall be known as the Vermont personal income tax. (Added 1966, No. 61 (Sp. Sess.), § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966.)
32 V.S.A. § 5824
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5824. Adoption of federal income tax laws

§ 5824. Adoption of federal income tax laws|The statutes of the United States relating to the federal income tax, as in effect on March 31, 2021, but without regard to federal income tax rates under 26 U.S.C. § 1, are hereby adopted for the purpose of computing the tax liability under this chapter, and shall continue in effect as adopted until amended, repealed, or replaced by act of the General Assembly. (Added 2001, No. 140 (Adj. Sess.), § 7, eff. June 21, 2002; 2001, No. 144 (Adj. Sess.), § 23, eff. June 21, 2002; amended 2003, No. 66, § 313; 2003, No. 152 (Adj. Sess.), § 24, eff. June 7, 2004; 2005, No. 14, § 13; 2005, No. 94 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. March 8, 2006; 2007, No. 33, § 6, eff. May 18, 2007; 2007, No. 190 (Adj. Sess.), § 26; 2009, No. 1 (Sp. Sess.), § H.26, eff. June 2, 2009; 2009, No. 160 (Adj. Sess.), § 29, eff. June 4, 2010; 2011, No. 45, § 2, eff. May 24, 2011; 2011, No. 143 (Adj. Sess.), § 9, eff. May 15, 2012; 2013, No. 73, § 20; 2013, No. 174 (Adj. Sess.), § 5, eff. Jan. 1, 2014; 2015, No. 57, § 66, eff. Jan. 1, 2015; 2015, No. 134 (Adj. Sess.), § 11, eff. Jan. 1, 2015; 2017, No. 73, § 7, eff. Jan. 1, 2016; 2018, No. 11 (Sp. Sess.), § H.7, eff. Jan. 1, 2018; 2019, No. 51, § 5, eff. Jan. 1, 2019; 2019, No. 175 (Adj. Sess.), § 13, eff. Jan. 1, 2020; 2021, No. 9, § 23, eff. Jan. 1, 2021; 2021, No. 73, § 23, eff. March 31, 2021.)
32 V.S.A. § 5825
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5825. Credit for taxes paid to other states and provinces

§ 5825. Credit for taxes paid to other states and provinces|(a) A taxpayer of this State who was a resident individual, estate, or trust during any portion of a taxable year shall receive credit against the tax imposed, for that taxable year, by section 5822 of this title for income taxes imposed by, and paid to, another state or territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or a province of Canada, upon the taxpayer's income earned or received from sources within that state, territory, district or province during that portion of that taxable year. In no case shall the credit allowed by this section exceed the portion of Vermont income tax, otherwise imposed by this chapter, attributable to the adjusted gross income earned or received from sources within such other state, territory, district or province.(b) For purposes of this section, when a taxpayer domiciled in another jurisdiction is deemed to be a resident of Vermont as provided by subdivision 5811(11)(A)(ii) of this title, income from intangibles not employed in a business, trade or profession shall be deemed to be derived from sources within the jurisdiction of domicile. However, notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection, no credit will be allowed against the tax imposed unless the jurisdiction of domicile provides for a similar credit. (Added 1966, No. 61 (Sp. Sess.), § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966; amended 1981, No. 134 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. April 2, 1982; 1991, No. 67, § 26, eff. June 19, 1991; 1991, No. 186 (Adj. Sess.), § 12; 1997, No. 50, § 16, eff. June 26, 1997; 2001, No. 140 (Adj. Sess.), § 8, eff. June 21, 2002.)
32 V.S.A. § 5825a
2021 Vermont Statutes|Title 32 - Taxation and Finance|Chapter 151 - Income Taxes|§ 5825a. Credit for Vermont Higher Education Investment Plan contributions

§ 5825a. Credit for Vermont Higher Education Investment Plan contributions|(a) A taxpayer of this State, including each spouse filing a joint return, shall be eligible for a nonrefundable credit against the tax imposed under section 5822 of this title of 10 percent of the first $2,500.00 per beneficiary, contributed by the taxpayer during the taxable year to a Vermont Higher Education Investment Plan account under 16 V.S.A. chapter 87, subchapter 7, provided the account is provided directly by the Vermont Student Assistance Corporation to the participant.(b) A taxpayer who has received a credit under subsection (a) of this section shall repay to the Commissioner 10 percent of any distribution from a higher education investment plan account, up to a maximum of the total credits received by the taxpayer under subsection (a) of this section minus any amount of repayment of such credits in prior tax years except when the distribution:  (1) is used exclusively for costs of attendance at an approved postsecondary education institution as defined in 16 V.S.A. § 2822(6); (2) is used for a qualifying expense associated with a registered apprenticeship program pursuant to 26 U.S.C. § 529(c)(8); or (3) is made after the death of the beneficiary or after the beneficiary becomes disabled pursuant to subdivisions (q)(2)(C) and (m)(7) of 26 U.S.C. § 72.   (c) Repayments under subsection (b) of this section shall be subject to assessment, notice, penalty and interest, collection, and other administration in the same manner as an income tax under this chapter. (Added 2003, No. 65, § 2, eff. for tax years beginning on and after Jan. 1, 2004; amended 2005, No. 207 (Adj. Sess.), § 6, eff. May 31, 2006; 2019, No. 51, § 19, eff. Jan. 1, 2019; 2019, No. 154 (Adj. Sess.), § E.605.3, eff. Oct. 2, 2020; 2019, No. 175 (Adj. Sess.), § 19, eff. Oct. 8, 2020; 2021, No. 20, § 269.)