reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 20-88.59 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.59. Special rules of evidence and procedure

A. The physical presence of a nonresident party who is an individual in a tribunal of the Commonwealth is not required for the establishment, enforcement, or modification of a support order or the rendition of a judgment determining parentage of a child.B. An affidavit, a document substantially complying with federally mandated forms, or a document incorporated by reference in any of them that would not be excluded under the hearsay rule if given in person is admissible in evidence if given under penalty of perjury by a party or witness residing outside the Commonwealth.C. A copy of the record of child support payments certified as a true copy of the original by the custodian of the record may be forwarded to a responding tribunal. The copy is evidence of facts asserted in it and is admissible to show whether payments were made.D. Copies of bills for testing for parentage of a child, and for prenatal and postnatal health care of the mother and child, furnished to the adverse party at least 10 days before trial, are admissible in evidence to prove the amount of the charges billed and that the charges were reasonable, necessary, and customary.E. Documentary evidence transmitted from outside the Commonwealth to a tribunal of the Commonwealth by telephone, telecopier, or other electronic means that does not provide an original record may not be excluded from evidence upon an objection based on the means of transmission.F. In a proceeding under this chapter, a tribunal of the Commonwealth shall permit a party or witness residing outside the Commonwealth to be deposed or to testify under penalty of perjury by telephone, audiovisual means, or other electronic means at a designated tribunal or other location. A tribunal of the Commonwealth shall cooperate with other tribunals in designating an appropriate location for the deposition or testimony.G. If a party called to testify at a civil hearing refuses to answer on the ground that the testimony may be self-incriminating, the trier of fact may draw an adverse inference from the refusal.H. A privilege against disclosure of communication between spouses does not apply in a proceeding under this chapter.I. The defense of immunity based on the relationship between spouses or of parent and child does not apply in a proceeding under this chapter.J. A voluntary acknowledgment of paternity, certified as a true copy, is admissible to establish parentage of the child.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727; 2020, c. 900.
VA Code § 20-88.60 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.60. Communications between tribunals

A tribunal of the Commonwealth may communicate with a tribunal outside the Commonwealth in a record, or by telephone, electronic mail, or other means, to obtain information concerning the laws, the legal effect of a judgment, decree, or order of that tribunal; and the status of a proceeding. A tribunal of the Commonwealth may furnish similar information by similar means to a tribunal outside the Commonwealth.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.61 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.61. Assistance with discovery

A tribunal of the Commonwealth may (i) request a tribunal outside the Commonwealth to assist in obtaining discovery and (ii) upon request, compel a person over which it has jurisdiction to respond to a discovery order issued by a tribunal outside the Commonwealth.1994, c. 673; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.62 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.62. Receipt and disbursement of payments

A. A support enforcement agency or tribunal of the Commonwealth shall disburse promptly any amounts received pursuant to a support order, as directed by the order. The support enforcement agency or tribunal shall furnish to a requesting party or tribunal of another state or a foreign country a certified statement by the custodian of the record of the amounts and dates of all payments received.B. If neither the obligor, nor the obligee who is an individual, nor the child resides in the Commonwealth, upon request from the support enforcement agency of the Commonwealth or another state, the support enforcement agency of the Commonwealth or a tribunal of the Commonwealth shall:1. Order that the support payment be made to the support enforcement agency in the state in which the obligee is receiving services; and2. Issue and send to the obligor's employer a conforming income-withholding order or an administrative notice of change of payee, reflecting the redirected payments.C. The support enforcement agency of the Commonwealth receiving redirected payments from another state pursuant to a law similar to subsection B shall furnish to a requesting party or tribunal of the other state a certified statement by the custodian of the record of the amount and dates of all payments received.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.63 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.63. Establishment of support order

A. If a support order entitled to recognition under this chapter has not been issued, a responding tribunal of the Commonwealth with personal jurisdiction over the parties may issue a support order if (i) the individual seeking the order resides outside the Commonwealth or (ii) the support enforcement agency seeking the order is located outside the Commonwealth.B. The tribunal may issue a temporary child support order if the tribunal determines that such an order is appropriate and the individual ordered to pay is:1. A presumed father of the child;2. Petitioning to have his paternity adjudicated;3. Identified as the father of the child through genetic testing;4. An alleged father who has declined to submit to genetic testing;5. Shown by clear and convincing evidence to be the father of the child;6. An acknowledged father as provided by applicable state law;7. The mother of the child; or8. An individual who has been ordered to pay child support in a previous proceeding and the order has not been reversed or vacated.C. Upon finding, after notice and opportunity to be heard, that an obligor owes a duty of support, the tribunal shall issue a support order directed to the obligor and may issue other orders pursuant to § 20-88.48.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.63:1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.63:1. Proceeding to determine parentage

A tribunal of the Commonwealth authorized to determine parentage of a child may serve as a responding tribunal in a proceeding to determine parentage of a child brought under this chapter or a law or procedure substantially similar to this chapter.2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.64 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.64. Employer's receipt of income-withholding order of another state

An income-withholding order issued in another state may be sent by or on behalf of the obligee, or by the support enforcement agency, to the person or entity defined as the obligor's employer as defined in § 63.2-1900 under the income-withholding law of the Commonwealth without first filing a petition or comparable pleading or registering the order with a tribunal of the Commonwealth.1994, c. 673; 1997, cc. 797, 897; 1998, c. 727; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.64:1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.64:1. Employer's compliance with income-withholding order of another state

A. Upon receipt of an income-withholding order, the obligor's employer shall immediately provide a copy of the order to the obligor. The employer shall treat an income-withholding order issued in another state which appears regular on its face as if it had been issued by a tribunal of the Commonwealth.B. Except as provided in subsection C and § 20-88.64:2, the employer shall withhold and distribute the funds as directed in the withholding order by complying with the terms of the order, as applicable, that specify:1. The duration and amount of periodic payments of current child support, stated as a sum certain;2. The individual or support enforcement agency designated to receive payments and the address to which the payments are to be forwarded;3. Medical support, whether in the form of periodic cash payments, stated as a sum certain or ordering the obligor to provide health insurance coverage for the child under a policy available through the obligor's employer;4. The amount of periodic payments of fees and costs for a support enforcement agency, the issuing tribunal, and the obligee's attorney, stated as sums certain; and5. The amount of periodic payments of arrearages and interest on arrearages, stated as sums certain.C. An employer shall comply with the law of the state of the obligor's principal place of employment for withholding from income with respect to:1. The employer's fee for processing an income-withholding order;2. The maximum amount permitted to be withheld from the obligor's income; and3. The times within which the employer shall implement the withholding order and forward the child support payment.1997, cc. 797, 897; 2005, c. 754.
VA Code § 20-88.64:2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.64:2. Compliance with two or more income-withholding orders

If an obligor's employer receives two or more income-withholding orders with respect to the earnings of the same obligor, the employer satisfies the terms of the orders if the employer complies with the law of the state of the obligor's principal place of employment to establish priorities for withholding and allocating income withheld for two or more child support obligees.1997, cc. 797, 897; 2005, c. 754.
VA Code § 20-88.64:3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.64:3. Immunity from civil liability

An employer that complies with an income-withholding order issued in another state in accordance with this article is not subject to civil liability to an individual or agency with regard to the employer's withholding child support from the obligor's income.1997, cc. 797, 897; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.64:4 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.64:4. Penalties for noncompliance

An employer that willfully fails to comply with an income-withholding order issued in another state and received for enforcement is subject to the same penalties that may be imposed for noncompliance with an order issued by a tribunal of the Commonwealth.1997, cc. 797, 897; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.64:5 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.64:5. Contest by obligor

A. An obligor may contest the validity or enforcement of an income-withholding order issued in another state and received directly by an employer in the Commonwealth by registering the order in a tribunal of the Commonwealth and filing a contest to that order as provided in this chapter or otherwise contesting the order in the same manner as if the order had been issued by a tribunal of the Commonwealth.B. The obligor shall give notice of the contest to (i) a support enforcement agency providing services to the obligee, (ii) each employer that has directly received an income-withholding order relating to the obligor, and (iii) the support enforcement agency designated to receive payments in the income-withholding order.1997, cc. 797, 897; 2005, c. 754.
VA Code § 20-88.65 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.65. Administrative enforcement of orders

A. A party or support enforcement agency seeking to enforce a foreign support order, or a support order or an income-withholding order, or both, issued in another state, may send the documents required for registering the order to a support enforcement agency of the Commonwealth.B. Upon receipt of the documents, the support enforcement agency, without initially seeking to register the order, shall consider and, if appropriate, use any administrative procedure authorized by the law of the Commonwealth to enforce a support order or an income-withholding order, or both. If the obligor does not contest administrative enforcement, the order need not be registered. If the obligor contests the validity or administrative enforcement of the order, the support enforcement agency shall register the order pursuant to this chapter.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.66 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.66. Registration of order for enforcement

A foreign support order, or a support order or an income-withholding order issued in another state, may be registered in the Commonwealth for enforcement.1994, c. 673; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.67 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.67. Procedure to register order for enforcement

A. Except as provided in § 20-88.88, a foreign support order or a support order or income-withholding order of another state may be registered in the Commonwealth by sending the following records to the appropriate tribunal in the Commonwealth:1. A letter of transmittal to the tribunal requesting registration and enforcement;2. Two copies, including one certified copy, of the order to be registered, including any modification of the order;3. A sworn statement by the party requesting registration or a certified statement by the custodian of the records showing the amount of any arrearage;4. The name of the obligor and, if known, (i) the obligor's address and social security number, (ii) the name and address of the obligor's employer and any other source of income of the obligor, and (iii) a description and the location of property of the obligor in the Commonwealth not exempt from execution; and5. Except as otherwise provided in § 20-88.55, the name and address of the obligee and, if applicable, the support enforcement agency to whom support payments are to be remitted.B. On receipt of a request for registration, the registering tribunal shall cause the order to be filed as an order of a tribunal of another state or a foreign support order, together with one copy of the documents and information, regardless of their form.C. A petition or comparable pleading seeking a remedy that shall be affirmatively sought under other law of the Commonwealth may be filed at the same time as the request for registration or later. The pleading shall specify the grounds for the remedy sought.D. If two or more orders are in effect, the individual or support enforcement agency requesting registration shall:1. Furnish to the tribunal a copy of every support order asserted to be in effect in addition to the documents specified in this section;2. Specify the order alleged to be the controlling order, if any; and3. Specify the amount of consolidated arrears, if any.E. A request for a determination of which is the controlling order may be filed separately or with a request for registration and enforcement or for registration and modification. The individual or support enforcement agency requesting registration shall give notice of the request to each party whose rights may be affected by the determination.1994, c. 673; 1995, c. 484; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.68 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.68. Effect of registration for enforcement

A. A support order or income-withholding order issued in another state or a foreign support order is registered when the order is filed in the registering tribunal of the Commonwealth.B. A registered support order issued in another state or in a foreign country is enforceable in the same manner and is subject to the same procedures as an order issued by a tribunal of the Commonwealth.C. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, a tribunal of the Commonwealth shall recognize and enforce, but may not modify, a registered order if the issuing tribunal had jurisdiction.1994, c. 673; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.69 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.69. Choice of law; statute of limitations

A. Except as otherwise provided in subsection D, the law of the issuing state or foreign country governs (i) the nature, extent, amount, and duration of current payments under a registered support order; (ii) the computation and payment of arrearages and accrual of interest on the arrearages under the support order; and (iii) the existence and satisfaction of other obligations under the support order.B. In a proceeding for arrears under a registered support order, the statute of limitations of the Commonwealth or of the issuing state or foreign country, whichever is longer, applies.C. A responding tribunal of the Commonwealth shall apply the procedures and remedies of the Commonwealth to enforce current support and collect arrears and interest due on a support order of another state or a foreign country registered in the Commonwealth.D. After a tribunal of the Commonwealth or another state determines which is the controlling order and issues an order consolidating arrears, if any, a tribunal of the Commonwealth shall prospectively apply the law of the state or foreign country issuing the controlling order, including its law on interest on arrears, on current and future support, and on consolidated arrears.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.70 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.70. Notice of registration of order; contest of validity or enforcement

A. When a support order or income-withholding order issued in another state or a foreign support order is registered, the registering tribunal of the Commonwealth shall notify the nonregistering party. The notice shall be accompanied by a copy of the registered order and the documents and relevant information accompanying the order.B. A notice shall inform the nonregistering party:1. That a registered order is enforceable as of the date of registration in the same manner as an order issued by a tribunal of the Commonwealth;2. That a hearing to contest the validity or enforcement of the registered order shall be requested within 20 days after the notice unless the registered order is under § 20-88.89;3. That failure to contest the validity or enforcement of the registered order in a timely manner will result in confirmation of the order and enforcement of the order and the alleged arrearages and precludes further contest of that order with respect to any matter that could have been asserted; and4. Of the amount of any alleged arrearages.C. If the registering party asserts that two or more orders are in effect, a notice shall also:1. Identify the two or more orders and the order alleged by the party to be the controlling order and the consolidated arrears, if any;2. Notify the nonregistering party of the right to a determination of which is the controlling order;3. State that the procedures provided in subsection B apply to the determination of which is the controlling order; and4. State that failure to contest the validity or enforcement of the order alleged to be the controlling order in a timely manner may result in confirmation that the order is the controlling order.D. Upon registration of an income-withholding order for enforcement, the support enforcement agency or the registering tribunal shall notify the obligor's employer pursuant to the income-withholding for support law of the Commonwealth.1994, c. 673; 1997, cc. 797, 897; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.71 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.71. Procedure to contest validity or enforcement of registered support order

A. A nonregistering party seeking to contest the validity or enforcement of a registered support order in the Commonwealth shall request a hearing within the time required by § 20-88.70. The nonregistering party may seek to vacate the registration, to assert any defense to an allegation of noncompliance with the registered order, or to contest the remedies being sought or the amount of any alleged arrearages pursuant to § 20-88.72.B. If the nonregistering party fails to contest the validity or enforcement of the registered support order in a timely manner, the order is confirmed by operation of law.C. If a nonregistering party requests a hearing to contest the validity or enforcement of the registered support order, the registering tribunal shall schedule the matter for hearing and give notice to the parties of the date, time, and place of the hearing.1994, c. 673; 1997, cc. 797, 897; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.72 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.72. Contest of registration or enforcement

A. A party contesting the validity or enforcement of a registered support order or seeking to vacate the registration has the burden of proving one or more of the following defenses:1. The issuing tribunal lacked personal jurisdiction over the contesting party;2. The order was obtained by fraud;3. The order has been vacated, suspended, or modified by a later order;4. The issuing tribunal has stayed the order pending appeal;5. There is a defense under the law of the Commonwealth to the remedy sought;6. Full or partial payment has been made;7. The statute of limitations under § 20-88.69 precludes enforcement of some or all of the alleged arrearages; or8. The alleged controlling order is not the controlling order.B. If a party presents evidence establishing a full or partial defense under subsection A, a tribunal may stay enforcement of a registered support order, continue the proceeding to permit production of additional relevant evidence, and issue other appropriate orders. An uncontested portion of the registered support order may be enforced by all remedies available under the law of the Commonwealth.C. If the contesting party does not establish a defense under subsection A to the validity or enforcement of a registered support order, the registering tribunal shall issue an order confirming the order.1994, c. 673; 2005, c. 754; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.73 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.73. Confirmed order

Confirmation of a registered support order, whether by operation of law or after notice and hearing, precludes further contest of the support order with respect to any matter that could have been asserted at the time of registration.1994, c. 673; 2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.74 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.74. Procedure to register child support order of another state for modification

A party or support enforcement agency seeking to modify, or to modify and enforce, a child support order issued in another state shall register that order in this Commonwealth in the same manner as provided in Article 8 (§ 20-88.66 et seq.) if the order has not been registered. A petition for modification may be filed at the same time as a request for registration, or later. The pleading must specify the grounds for modification.1994, c. 673; 1997, c. 69.