reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 180 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 9 - Virgin Islands Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act|§ 180. Supplementary provisions

 Unless displaced by this chapter, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relating to principal and agent, estoppels, laces, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, insolvency, or other validating or invalidating cause, supplement its provisions.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 181 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 9 - Virgin Islands Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act|§ 181. Uniformity of application and construction

 This chapter must be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this chapter among states enacting it.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 182 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 9 - Virgin Islands Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act|§ 182. Short title

 This chapter may be cited as “The Virgin Islands Uniform Fraudulent Conveyances Act”.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 241 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 11 - Statute of Frauds|§ 241. Creation or transfer of interest in real property

 (a) Except for a lease for a term not exceeding one year, no estate or interest in real property, and no trust or power over or concerning real property, or in any manner relating thereto, can be created, granted, assigned, transferred, surrendered, or declared, otherwise than— (1) by operation of law; or (2) by a deed of conveyance or other instrument in writing, signed by the person creating, granting, assigning, transferring, surrendering, or declaring the same, or by his lawful agent under written authority, and executed with such formalities as are required by law. (b) This section does not— (1) affect the power of a testator in the disposition of his real property by will; or (2) prevent a trust from arising or being extinguished by implication or operation of law.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 242 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 11 - Statute of Frauds|§ 242. Contracts for lease or sale of lands

 Every contract for the leasing for a longer period than one year from the making thereof, or for the sale of any lands, or any interest in lands, shall be void unless the contract or some note or memorandum is in writing, and signed by the party to be charged, or by his lawful agent under written authority.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 243 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 11 - Statute of Frauds|§ 243. Grant or assignment of trust in real or personal property

 Every grant or assignment of any existing trust in lands, goods, or things in action, shall be void unless the same is in writing, subscribed by the party making the same, or by his lawful agent under written authority.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 244 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 11 - Statute of Frauds|§ 244. Agreements required to be in writing

 In the following cases every agreement shall be void unless such agreement, or some note or memorandum thereof is in writing, and subscribed by the party to be charged therewith, or by his lawful agent under written authority: (1) An agreement that by its terms is not to be performed within one year from the making thereof. (2) A special promise to answer for the debt, default, or misdoings of another person. (3) An agreement, promise, or undertaking made upon consideration of marriage, except mutual promises to marry. (4) A special promise made by an executor or administrator to answer damages out of his own estate.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 245 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 11 - Statute of Frauds|§ 245. Representation as to credit, skill, or character

 No evidence is admissible to charge a person upon a representation as to the credit, skill, or character of a third person unless such representation or some memorandum thereof is in writing, and either subscribed by or in the handwriting of the party to be charged; or his lawful agent under written authority.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 246 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 11 - Statute of Frauds|§ 246. Specific performance

 Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to abridge the powers of a court to compel specific performance.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 281 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 281. Action to recover possession; parties

 Any person who has a legal estate in real property, and a present right to the possession thereof, may recover such possession, with damages for withholding the same, by an action. Such action shall be commenced against the person in the actual possession of the property at the time, or, if the property is not in the actual possession of anyone, then against the person acting as the owner thereof.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 282 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 282. Substitution of landlord as defendant; conclusiveness of judgment

 (a) A defendant who is in actual possession may, for answer, plead that he is in possession only as tenant of another, naming him and his place of residence. Thereupon the landlord, if he applies therefor, shall be made defendant in place of the tenant, and the action shall proceed in all respects as if originally commenced against him. If the landlord does not apply to be made defendant within the time the tenant is allowed to answer, thereafter he shall not be allowed to, but he shall be made defendant if the plaintiff requires it. If the landlord is made defendant on motion of the plaintiff he shall be required to appear and answer within 20 days from notice of the pendency of the action and the order making him defendant, or such further time as the court prescribes. (b) In an action against a tenant, the judgment shall be conclusive against the landlord, who has been made defendant in place of the tenant, to the same extent as if the action had been originally commenced against the landlord.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 283 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 283. Complaint

 The plaintiff in his complaint shall set forth— (1) a description of the property with such certainty as to enable the possession thereof to be delivered if recovery is had; (2) the nature of plaintiff's estate in the property, whether it is in fee, for life and for whose life, or for a term of years and the duration of such term; (3) that the plaintiff is entitled to the possession of the property; and (4) that the defendant wrongfully withholds the same from him to his damage in such sum as may be therein claimed.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 284 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 284. Answer

 The defendant shall not be allowed to give in evidence any estate in himself or another in the property, or any license or right to the possession thereof, unless the same is pleaded in his answer. If so pleaded, the nature and duration of such estate, or license, or right to the possession shall be set forth with the certainty and particularity required in a complaint. If the defendant does not defend for the whole of the property he shall specify for what particular part he does defend.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 285 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 285. Verdict

 (a) If the verdict is for the plaintiff, the jury by its verdict shall find that he is entitled to the possession of the property described in the complaint, or some part thereof, or some undivided share or interest in either, and the nature and duration of his estate in such property, part thereof, or undivided share or interest in either, as the case may be. (b) If the verdict is for the defendant the jury by its verdict shall find— (1) that the plaintiff is not entitled to the possession of the property described in the complaint, or to such part thereof as the defendant defends for; and (2) that the defendant has such license, right of possession, or estate in, such property or part thereof as he established on trial, if any.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 286 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 286. Damages; improvements in case of adverse possession

 The plaintiff shall only be entitled to recover damages for withholding the property for the term of three years next preceding the commencement of the action, and for any period that may elapse from such commencement to the time of giving a verdict therein, exclusive of the use of permanent improvements made by the defendant. When permanent improvements have been made upon the property by the defendant, or those under whom he claims, holding under color of title adversely to the claim of plaintiff, in good faith, the value thereof at the time of trial, not exceeding such damages, shall be allowed as a set-off.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 287 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 287. Expiration of plaintiff's right of possession before trial

 If the right of the plaintiff to the possession of the property expires after the commencement of the action, and before the trial, the verdict shall be given according to the fact, and judgment shall be given only for the damages.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 288 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 288. Order for entry and survey of property

 (a) For cause shown, on motion and after notice to the adverse party, the court may grant an order allowing the party applying therefor to enter upon the property in controversy, and make survey and admeasurement thereof, for the purposes of the action. (b) The order shall describe the property, and a copy thereof shall be served upon the defendant, and thereupon the party may enter upon the property and make such survey and admeasurement, but if any unnecessary injury is done to the premises he shall be liable therefor.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 289 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 289. Alienation by person in possession

 An action for the recovery of the possession of real property against a person in possession cannot be prejudiced by any alienation made by such person either before or after the commencement of the action. If such alienation is made after the commencement of the action, and the defendant does not satisfy the judgment recovered for damages for withholding the possession, such damages may be recovered by action against the purchaser.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 290 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 290. Foreclosure of mortgage

 A mortgage of real property shall not be deemed a conveyance so as to enable the owner of the mortgage to recover possession of the real property without a foreclosure and sale according to law, and a judgment thereon.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 291 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 291. Action by tenant in common

 In an action by a tenant in common of real property against a cotenant, the plaintiff shall show, in addition to the evidence of his right of possession, that the defendant either denied the plaintiff's right or did some act amounting to such denial.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 292 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 292. Action by landlord against tenant for nonpayment of rent

 (a) When in case of a lease of real property and the failure of the tenant to pay rent, the landlord has a subsisting right to reenter for such a failure, and may bring action to recover the possession of such property, and such action is equivalent to a demand of the rent and a reentry upon the property. If at any time before judgment in such action the lessee or his successor in interest as to the whole or a part of the property pays to the plaintiff or brings into court the amount of rent then in arrears, with interest, and the costs of the action, and performs the other covenants or agreements on the part of the lessee, he shall be entitled to continue in the possession according to the terms of the lease. (b) The provisions of this section are suspended during the effective period of subchapter III of chapter 31 of this title, relating to rent control, and this section shall take effect upon the termination of such subchapter as provided in section 846 of this title.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 293 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 293. Conclusiveness of judgment; new trial in case of service by publication

 In an action to recover the possession of real property, the judgment therein shall be conclusive as to the estate in such property and the right to the possession thereof, so far as the same is thereby determined, upon the party against whom the same is given and against all persons claiming from, through, or under such party after the commencement of such action, except as provided in section 294 of this title.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 294 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 13 - Actions to Recover Possession of Real Property|§ 294. Vacation of judgment and new trial after service by publication

 (a) When service of the summons is made by publication and judgment is given for want of answer, upon application to the court at any time within two years from the entry of the judgment, the defendant, or his successors in interest as to the whole or any part of the property, shall be entitled to an order vacating the judgment and granting a new trial upon the payment of the costs of the action. (b) If the plaintiff has taken possession of the property before the judgment is set aside and a new trial granted, as provided in subsection (a) of this section, such possession shall not be thereby affected in any way, and if judgment is given for the defendant in the new trial he shall be entitled to restitution by execution in the same manner as if he were plaintiff.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 331 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 15 - Actions for Nuisance, Waste, and Trespass|§ 331. Private nuisance; damages; warrant to abate; injunction

 Any person whose property is affected by a private nuisance, or whose personal enjoyment thereof is in like manner thereby affected, may maintain an action for damages therefor. If judgment is given for the plaintiff in such action, he may, in addition to the execution to enforce the same, on motion, have an order allowing a warrant to issue to the marshal to abate such nuisance. Such motion shall be made at the term at which judgment is given, and shall be allowed of course, unless it appears on the hearing that the nuisance has ceased, or that such remedy is inadequate to abate or prevent the continuance of the nuisance in which latter case the plaintiff may proceed to have the defendant enjoined.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 332 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 15 - Actions for Nuisance, Waste, and Trespass|§ 332. Issuance of warrant to abate nuisance; expenses

 If the order authorized by section 331 of this title is made, the clerk shall, at any time within sixty days, when requested by the plaintiff, issue such warrant directed to the marshal requiring him forthwith to abate the nuisance at the expense of the defendant, and return the warrant as soon thereafter as may be, with his proceedings indorsed thereon. The expenses of abating the nuisance may be levied by the marshal on the property of the defendant, and in this respect the warrant shall be deemed an execution against property.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 333 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 15 - Actions for Nuisance, Waste, and Trespass|§ 333. Stay of issuance of warrant; abatement by defendant

 (a) At any time before the order authorized by section 331 of this title is made, or the warrant issues, the defendant may, on motion, have an order to stay the issue of such warrant for such period as may be necessary, not exceeding sixty days and to allow the defendant to abate the nuisance himself, upon his giving an undertaking to the plaintiff in a sufficient amount, with one or more sureties, to the satisfaction of the court, that he will abate it within the time and in the manner specified in such order. (b) If the plaintiff is not notified of the time and place of the application for the order provided for in subsection (a) of this section, the sureties shall justify as bail upon arrest, otherwise such justification may be omitted, unless the plaintiff requires it. (c) If such order is made and undertaking given, and the defendant fails to abate the nuisance within the time specified in the order, at any time within sixty days thereafter, the warrant for the abatement of the nuisance may issue as if the same had not been stayed.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 334 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 15 - Actions for Nuisance, Waste, and Trespass|§ 334. Action for waste; treble damages, forfeiture, and eviction

 If a guardian or a tenant in severalty or in common for life or for years, of real property, commits waste thereon, any person injured thereby may maintain an action for damages therefor against such guardian or tenant. In such action there may be judgment for treble damages, forfeiture of the estate of the party committing or permitting the waste, and of eviction from the property. Judgment of forfeiture and eviction shall only be given in favor of the person entitled to the reversion against the tenant in possession when the injury to the estate in reversion is determined in the action to be equal to the value of the tenant's estate or unexpired term, or to have been done or suffered in malice.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 335 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 15 - Actions for Nuisance, Waste, and Trespass|§ 335. Action by remainderman or reversioner for injury to inheritance

 A person seized of an estate in remainder or reversion may maintain a civil action for any injury done to the inheritance, notwithstanding any intervening estate for a life or years.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 336 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 15 - Actions for Nuisance, Waste, and Trespass|§ 336. Trespass by injury to trees, timber or shrubs; treble damages

 (a) Whenever any person shall cut down, girdle, or otherwise injure, or carry off any tree, timber, or shrub on the land of another person, or on the street or highway in front of any person's house, village, town, or city lot, or cultivated grounds, or on the commons or public grounds of the Virgin Islands or highways in front thereof, without lawful authority, in an action by such person or by the Government of the United States Virgin Islands against the person committing such trespasses, or any of them, if judgment is given for the plaintiff it shall be given for treble the amount of damages allowed or assessed therefor, as the case may be. (b) If upon the trial of such action it appears that the trespass was casual or involuntary, or that the defendant had probable cause to believe that the land on which such trespass was committed was his own or that of the person in whose service or by whose direction the act was done, or that such tree or timber was taken from uninclosed woodland for the purpose of repairing any public highway or bridge upon the land or adjoining it, judgment shall only be given for single damages.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 371 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 17 - Actions to Determine Adverse Claims and Boundaries|§ 371. Action to determine adverse claim

 Any person in possession, by himself or his tenant, of real property, may maintain an action of an equitable nature against another who claims an estate or interest therein adverse to him, for the purpose of determining such claim, estate, or interest.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 372 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 17 - Actions to Determine Adverse Claims and Boundaries|§ 372. Action to determine boundaries

 In any case where any dispute or controversy exists, or may hereafter arise, between two or more owners of adjacent or contiguous lands in the Virgin Islands, concerning the boundary lines thereof, or the location of the lines dividing such lands, either party or any party to such dispute or controversy may bring and maintain an action of an equitable nature in the district court, for the purpose of having such controversy or dispute determined, and such boundary line or lines, or dividing lines, ascertained and marked by proper monuments, upon the ground where such line or lines may be ascertained to be, and established in such action.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 373 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 17 - Actions to Determine Adverse Claims and Boundaries|§ 373. Pleading

 The complaint in an action to determine boundaries shall be sufficient if it appears therefrom that the plaintiff and defendant or defendants are owners of adjacent lands and that there is a controversy or dispute between the parties concerning their boundary or dividing line or lines. It shall not be necessary to set forth the nature of such dispute or controversy further than that the plaintiff shall describe the boundary or dividing line as he claims it to be. The defendant, in his answer, shall set forth the nature of his claim with reference to the location of the lines in controversy.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 374 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 17 - Actions to Determine Adverse Claims and Boundaries|§ 374. Procedure; commissioners

 The procedure in an action to determine boundaries shall be analogous to that of other actions of an equitable nature; except that at the time of entering the judgment fixing the true location of the disputed boundary or dividing line the court shall appoint three disinterested commissioners, one of whom shall be a practical surveyor, and shall direct the commissioners to go upon the lands of the parties and establish and mark out upon the grounds, by proper marks and monuments, the boundary or dividing line as ascertained and determined by the court in its judgment.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 375 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 17 - Actions to Determine Adverse Claims and Boundaries|§ 375. Commissioners' oath and report

 Before entering upon the discharge of their duties the commissioners shall make and file their oath, in writing, to faithfully and impartially perform their duties as such commissioners. After designating the line by proper marks and monuments, they shall file in the court a report of their doings as such commissioners, and the same shall be, when approved or confirmed by the court, a part of the judgment roll in the cause.
V.I. Code tit. 28, § 376 (2019)
2019 US Virgin Islands Code|Title 28 - Property|Chapter 17 - Actions to Determine Adverse Claims and Boundaries|§ 376. Proceedings upon commissioners' report

 The report of the commissioners may be confirmed by the court, upon written motion of either party to such action, whenever it appears to the court that the motion was served upon the adverse party two days before the presentation thereof, and that no exceptions have been filed to the report within two days after the service. If exceptions are filed as aforesaid to the report, the exceptions may be heard with the motion to confirm, and the court may confirm, modify, or set aside the report, as shall seem just, and in the latter case may appoint a new commission or refer the matter to the same commissioners with appropriate instructions.