reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 38-27.5-102 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 27.5 - Health-Care Provider Liens|§ 38-27.5-102. Definitions

 As used in this article 27.5, unless the context otherwise requires:    “Health-care provider” means a person licensed or certified in the state to practice medicine, pharmacy, chiropractic, nursing, physical therapy, podiatry, dentistry, optometry, occupational therapy, or other healing arts, or an entity directly employing such persons, and any other licensed health-care provider as permitted by the laws of the state.    “Health-care provider lien” means a lien created by a health-care provider or its assignee related to charges for health-care services given to a person injured as a result of the negligence or wrongful acts of another person, which is asserted against money received as a result of a claim or claims that the injured person asserts against third parties or under an uninsured or underinsured motorist insurance policy.    “Net judgment, settlement, or payment” means the proceeds received by an injured person on the injured person's claim or claims against third parties or under an uninsured or underinsured motorist policy, after the reduction of reasonable attorney fees and litigation expenses, if any.    “Usual and customary billed charge” means a health-care provider's billed charge in the absence of insurance for a service that is similar to the billed charges for like services provided by other health-care providers in the same geographic area.     History. Source: L. 2021: Entire article added, (HB 21-1300), ch. 473, p. 3389, § 1, effective September 7.
CO Code § 38-27.5-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 27.5 - Health-Care Provider Liens|§ 38-27.5-103. Assignment of Health-Care Provider Liens - Not Admissible as Evidence

  A health-care provider claiming a health-care provider lien under this article 27.5 may assign, in writing, a health-care provider lien to any other person or entity. An assignee of a health-care provider lien has all the rights and remedies of the health-care provider and is subject to the restrictions and obligations of the health-care provider under this article 27.5.    Except in an action under the “Uniform Consumer Credit Code”, article 1 of title 5, any amount paid by an assignee of a health-care provider lien for the assignment, the fact of the assignment, and the terms of the assignment are not discoverable or admissible as evidence in any civil action or claim that the injured person asserts against third parties or under an uninsured or underinsured motorist insurance policy for any purpose, including as evidence of the reasonable value of a health-care provider's services.    An injured person treated on a health-care provider lien basis may not seek to recover, as the cost of medical services or treatment, more than the health-care provider's usual and customary billed charges.    Amounts awarded for medical bills subject to a health-care provider lien shall not be subject to offset or reduction in any post-verdict proceeding under section 13-21-111.6.    This section only applies to a claim or claims an injured party asserts against third parties or under an uninsured or underinsured motorist insurance policy involving a medical lien and has no other application or effect regarding compensation paid to health-care providers.     History. Source: L. 2021: Entire article added, (HB 21-1300), ch. 473, p. 3389, § 1, effective September 7.
CO Code § 38-27.5-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 27.5 - Health-Care Provider Liens|§ 38-27.5-106. No Impact on Hospital Liens

 This article 27.5 does not change, modify, or amend the provisions of section 38-27-101 .   History. Source: L. 2021: Entire article added, (HB 21-1300), ch. 473, p. 3393, § 1, effective September 7.
CO Code § 38-27.5-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 27.5 - Health-Care Provider Liens|§ 38-27.5-107. Dispute Resolution - Standing

 A person or entity against whom the injured person asserts a civil action or claim that includes a request for damages related to health-care services or treatment provided under a health-care provider lien does not have standing to challenge a health-care provider's or its assignee's compliance with this article 27.5, whether in the civil action or claim asserted by the injured person or in a separate civil action.   History. Source: L. 2021: Entire article added, (HB 21-1300), ch. 473, p. 3393, § 1, effective September 7.
CO Code § 38-27.5-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 27.5 - Health-Care Provider Liens|§ 38-27.5-108. Priority of Health-Care Provider Liens

  The holder of a health-care provider lien may file a record of its health-care provider lien by following the provisions set forth in the “Colorado Statutory Lien Registration Act”, article 9.7 of title 4, including listing the name and address of the injured person, the date of the accident or incident, the name and address of the holder of the health-care provider lien, and the name and address of each health-care provider that rendered health-care services underlying the health-care provider lien.    In the event multiple health-care provider liens are asserted against an injured person's net judgment, settlement, or payment, health-care provider liens for which records were filed pursuant to article 9.7 of title 4 shall have priority for payment out of the injured person's net judgment, settlement, or payment before payments are made on health-care provider liens for which no such records were filed. In the event multiple records have been filed pursuant to article 9.7 of title 4 for health-care provider liens related to a single accident or incident, priority for payment out of the injured person's net judgment, settlement, or payment on each such lien shall be determined by the dates the records were filed, with the health-care provider lien having the earliest filed record receiving priority over those with subsequently filed records.    Filing a record of a health-care provider lien under this section is optional and the sole purpose thereof is to establish the priority of payments between multiple health-care provider liens. Filing a record of a health-care provider lien pursuant to article 9.7 of title 4 does not waive any of the statutory provisions established in this article 27.5.     History. Source: L. 2021: Entire article added, (HB 21-1300), ch. 473, p. 3393, § 1, effective September 7.
CO Code § 38-28-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-101. Action - Who May Maintain

 Actions for the division and partition of real or personal property or interest therein may be maintained by any person having an interest in such property.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 1. CSA: C. 122, § 24. CRS 53: § 103-1-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-1. History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 1. CSA: C. 122, § 24. CRS 53: § 103-1-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-1.
CO Code § 38-28-102 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-102. Parties

 All persons having any interest, direct, beneficial, contingent, or otherwise, in such property shall be made parties.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 2. CSA: C. 122, § 25. CRS 53: § 103-1-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-2. History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 2. CSA: C. 122, § 25. CRS 53: § 103-1-2. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-2.
CO Code § 38-28-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-103. Complete Adjudication

 The court shall make a complete adjudication of the rights of all parties to such property.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 3. CSA: C. 122, § 26. CRS 53: § 103-1-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-3. History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 3. CSA: C. 122, § 26. CRS 53: § 103-1-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-3.
CO Code § 38-28-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-104. Process, Practice, Procedure

 The process, practice, and procedure shall be in compliance with the Colorado rules of civil procedure then in effect.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 4. CSA: C. 122, § 27. CRS 53: § 103-1-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-4. History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 4. CSA: C. 122, § 27. CRS 53: § 103-1-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-4.
CO Code § 38-28-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-105. Commissioners - Oath - Partition - Objections

 Upon the entry of any order for partition, the court shall appoint one or more disinterested commissioners who shall take oath to fairly and impartially make partition of the property in accordance with the decree of court. Such commissioners shall view the property and make partition thereof in writing, assigning to each party his share, and shall submit the same to the court for confirmation. Objections may be filed by any party within the time fixed by the court.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 5. CSA: C. 122, § 28. CRS 53: § 103-1-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-5. History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 5. CSA: C. 122, § 28. CRS 53: § 103-1-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-5.
CO Code § 38-28-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-106. Commissioners May Divide Land

 The commissioners appointed by the court, with the approval of the court, may divide any lands involved in such action into lots or parcels, streets, and alleys and file a map or plat thereof in compliance with law and applicable ordinances.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 6. CSA: C. 122, § 29. CRS 53: § 103-1-6. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-6. History. Source: L. 49: P. 544, § 6. CSA: C. 122, § 29. CRS 53: § 103-1-6. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-6.
CO Code § 38-28-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-107. Sale of Property - Notice

 If the commissioners report and the court finds that partition of the property cannot be made without manifest prejudice to the rights of any interested party, the court may direct the sale of such property at public sale upon such terms as the court may fix. Notice of such sale shall be given in the same manner as may be required by law for sales of real estate upon execution.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 7. CSA: C. 122, § 30. CRS 53: § 103-1-7. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-7. History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 7. CSA: C. 122, § 30. CRS 53: § 103-1-7. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-7.
CO Code § 38-28-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-108. Report - Confirmation - Distribution

 The person making such sale shall make report thereof to the court for confirmation, and upon confirmation, the court shall direct the execution of a proper instrument of conveyance to the purchaser. The court shall direct the distribution of the net proceeds of such sale and any undistributed income from such property among the persons entitled thereto.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 8. CSA: C. 122, § 31. CRS 53: § 103-1-8. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-8. History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 8. CSA: C. 122, § 31. CRS 53: § 103-1-8. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-8.
CO Code § 38-28-109 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-109. Compensation of Commissioners - Fees and Costs

 The court shall fix the compensation of the commissioners and the person making the sale and may order the payment thereof, with costs, expenses, and attorney's fees, out of the proceeds of such sale or make any other order which it deems best for the payment of such compensation, fees, and costs.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 9. CSA: C. 122, § 32. CRS 53: § 103-1-9. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-9. History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 9. CSA: C. 122, § 32. CRS 53: § 103-1-9. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-9.
CO Code § 38-28-110 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 28 - Partition|§ 38-28-110. Powers of Court

 The court at any time may make such orders as it may deem necessary to promote the ends of justice to completely adjudicate every question and controversy concerning the title, rights, and interest of all persons whether in being or not, known or unknown, and may direct the payment and discharge of liens and have the property sold free from any lien or may apportion any lien among the persons to whom the partition is made.   History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 10. CSA: C. 122, § 33. CRS 53: § 103-1-10. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-10. History. Source: L. 49: P. 545, § 10. CSA: C. 122, § 33. CRS 53: § 103-1-10. C.R.S. 1963: § 103-1-10.
CO Code § 38-30-101 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-101. Parties Entitled to Hold Lands May Convey

 Any person, association of persons, or body politic or corporate which is entitled to hold real estate, or any interest in real estate whatever, shall be authorized to convey the same to another or a body corporate or politic by deed.   History. Source: R.S. P. 106, § 1. G.L. § 160. G.S. § 198. R.S. 08: § 668. C.L. § 4869. CSA: C. 40, § 1. CRS 53: § 118-1-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-1. History. Source: R.S. P. 106, § 1. G.L. § 160. G.S. § 198. R.S. 08: § 668. C.L. § 4869. CSA: C. 40, § 1. CRS 53: § 118-1-1. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-1.
CO Code § 38-30-103 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-103. Livery of Seisin, Not Necessary

 Livery of seisin is in no case necessary for the conveyance of any lands, tenements, or hereditaments.   History. Source: R.S. P. 106, § 2. G.L. § 161. G.S. § 199. R.S. 08: § 670. C.L. § 4871. CSA: C. 40, § 3. CRS 53: § 118-1-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-3. History. Source: R.S. P. 106, § 2. G.L. § 161. G.S. § 199. R.S. 08: § 670. C.L. § 4871. CSA: C. 40, § 3. CRS 53: § 118-1-3. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-3.
CO Code § 38-30-104 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-104. Vendor's After-Acquired Title Deemed in Trust for Vendee

 If any person sells and conveys to another by deed or conveyance, purporting to convey an estate in fee simple absolute, any tract of land or real estate lying and being in this state, not being possessed of the legal estate or interest therein at the time of the sale and conveyance and, after such sale and conveyance, the vendor becomes possessed of and confirmed in the legal estate of the land or real estate so sold and conveyed, it shall be taken and held to be in trust and for the use of the grantee or vendee, and said conveyance shall be held and taken, and shall be as valid as if the grantor or vendor had the legal estate or interest at the time of said sale or conveyance.   History. Source: R.S. P. 106, § 4. G.L. § 163. G.S. § 201. R.S. 08: § 672. C.L. § 4873. CSA: C. 40, § 5. CRS 53: § 118-1-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-4. History. Source: R.S. P. 106, § 4. G.L. § 163. G.S. § 201. R.S. 08: § 672. C.L. § 4873. CSA: C. 40, § 5. CRS 53: § 118-1-4. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-4.
CO Code § 38-30-104.5 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-104.5. Grantor's Interest in Vacated Right-of-Way Deemed Included

 Every conveyance or encumbrance of real property, voluntary or otherwise, including but not limited to any form of deed, lease, deed of trust, mortgage, or lien, is deemed to include the grantor's interest, if any, in any vacated street, alley, or other right-of-way that adjoins the real property unless the interest is expressly excluded by the terms of the conveyance or encumbrance.   History. Source: L. 2017: Entire section added, (SB 17-097), ch. 117, p. 416, § 2, effective August 9.
CO Code § 38-30-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-105. Lands Not in Possession May Be Conveyed

 Any person claiming right or title to lands, tenements, or hereditaments, although he may be out of possession, and notwithstanding there may be an adverse possession thereof, may sell, convey, and transfer his interest in and to the same in as full and complete a manner as if he were in the actual possession of the lands and premises intended to be conveyed.   History. Source: R.S. P. 107, § 5. G.L. § 164. G.S. § 202. R.S. 08: § 673. C.L. § 4874. CSA: C. 40, § 6. CRS 53: § 118-1-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-5. History. Source: R.S. P. 107, § 5. G.L. § 164. G.S. § 202. R.S. 08: § 673. C.L. § 4874. CSA: C. 40, § 6. CRS 53: § 118-1-5. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-5.
CO Code § 38-30-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-106. Tenant in Fee Tail Takes in Fee Simple

 In cases where, by the common law, any person may be or become seized in fee tail of any lands, tenements, or hereditaments by virtue of any devise or conveyance, or by any other means whatsoever, such person, instead of becoming seized in fee tail thereof, shall be deemed and adjudged to be seized of such lands, tenements, and hereditaments in fee simple.   History. Source: R.S. P. 107, § 6. G.L. § 165. G.S. § 203. R.S. 08: § 674. C.L. § 4875. CSA: C. 40, § 7. CRS 53: § 118-1-6. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-6. L. 83: Entire section amended, p. 1467, § 1, effective May 25. History. Source: R.S. P. 107, § 6. G.L. § 165. G.S. § 203. R.S. 08: § 674. C.L. § 4875. CSA: C. 40, § 7. CRS 53: § 118-1-6. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-6. L. 83: Entire section amended, p. 1467, § 1, effective May 25.
CO Code § 38-30-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-107. Estate Granted Deemed Fee Simple Unless Limited

 Every estate in land which is granted, conveyed, or devised to one, although other words necessary to transfer an estate of inheritance are not added, shall be deemed a fee simple estate of inheritance if a lesser estate is not limited by express words or does not appear to be granted, devised, or conveyed by operation of law.   History. Source: R.S. P. 107, § 7. G.L. § 166. G.S. § 204. R.S. 08: § 675. C.L. § 4876. CSA: C. 40, § 8. CRS 53: § 118-1-7. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-7. History. Source: R.S. P. 107, § 7. G.L. § 166. G.S. § 204. R.S. 08: § 675. C.L. § 4876. CSA: C. 40, § 8. CRS 53: § 118-1-7. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-7.
CO Code § 38-30-107.5 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-107.5. Royalty Interests - Minerals or Geothermal Resources

  Any conveyance, reservation, or devise of a royalty interest in minerals or geothermal resources, whether of a perpetual or limited duration, contained in any instrument executed on or after July 1, 1991, creates a real property interest which vests in the holder or holders of such interest the right to receive the designated royalty share of the specified minerals or geothermal resources or the proceeds therefrom in accordance with the terms of the instrument. Unless otherwise provided in the conveyance, reservation, or devise, the holder of such interest shall not have the right to:   Explore for or develop the minerals or geothermal resources;    Grant a mineral development lease; or    Receive any share of rentals, bonus payments, surface damage payments, or similar sums that might be payable under the terms of any mineral development lease.        History. Source: L. 91: Entire section added, p. 1677, § 1, effective July 1.
CO Code § 38-30-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-108. Conveyances to Grantee in a Representative Capacity

  An instrument conveying an interest in real property, in which the grantee is described as trustee, agent, conservator, executor, administrator, attorney-in-fact, personal representative, nominee, custodian, or a person acting in any other representative capacity, shall also describe the representative capacity of such grantee by one or more of the following means:   Naming the person so represented;    Identifying the statute, the trust or other agreement, or the court appointment under which the grantee is acting; or    Referring, by proper description to book, page, document number, or file to an instrument, order, decree, or other writing containing any such description of the representative capacity of the grantee that is recorded with the county clerk and recorder in the county where the real property is located.       If the representative capacity of the grantee is not described as provided in subsection (1) of this section, the description of a grantee in any such representative capacity in such instrument of conveyance shall be presumed to be a description of the person only and shall not be notice of the representative capacity of such grantee.    After the recording of an instrument conveying an interest in real property in which the grantee is described as acting in a representative capacity, but in which the description of the grantee does not comply with subsection (1) of this section, and regardless of whether such instrument of conveyance was recorded prior to or after August 8, 2001, an affidavit that has been executed by or on behalf of such grantee, which refers by proper description by book, page, document number, or file to the recording information of such instrument of conveyance and that contains one of the descriptions of the representative capacity of such grantee described in subsection (1) of this section, may be recorded with the county clerk and recorder of the county where the real property is located. Upon the recording of such affidavit, all persons shall thereafter have notice of the representative capacity of such grantee with respect to the interest in real property so conveyed.     History. Source: L. 21: P. 187, § 1. C.L. § 4877. CSA: C. 40, § 9. CRS 53: § 118-1-8. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-8. L. 2001: Entire section amended, p. 398, § 1, effective August 8. History. Source: L. 21: P. 187, § 1. C.L. § 4877. CSA: C. 40, § 9. CRS 53: § 118-1-8. C.R.S. 1963: § 118-1-8. L. 2001: Entire section amended, p. 398, § 1, effective August 8.
CO Code § 38-30-108.5 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 38 - Property - Real and Personal|Article 30 - Titles and Interests|§ 38-30-108.5. Conveyances to Trusts - Ownership and Transfer of Property

  A trust may acquire, convey, encumber, lease, or otherwise deal with any interest in real or personal property in the name of the trust.    In order to evidence the existence of a trust and the authority of one or more trustees to act on behalf of the trust with respect to an interest in real property held in the name of the trust, any trustee of the trust may execute and record with the county clerk and recorder of the county in which the real property is located, a statement of authority pursuant to section 38-30-172 (2).    The provisions of subsection (1) of this section shall also apply to any interest in real or personal property that is already in the name of the trust as of August 8, 2001. Nothing in this section shall be construed to be the exclusive manner in which title to an interest in real or personal property may be held by or on behalf of a trust, and title to an interest in real or personal property may be held by or on behalf of a trust in any other manner permitted by law.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire section added, p. 399, § 2, effective August 8.