reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 46.2-1304.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1304.1. Localities may regulate construction and parking of commercial motor vehicles used to transport municipal solid waste; penalty

The governing body of any county, city, or town may by ordinance provide that:1. No commercial motor vehicle used to transport municipal solid waste shall be parked anywhere within the county, city, or town, except at locations zoned or otherwise authorized for such use by applicable ordinance, special exception, or variance;2. Any such commercial motor vehicle found parked at a nonauthorized location may be towed or removed from that location as provided in § 46.2-1231; and3. The cargo compartment of every commercial motor vehicle that is used to transport municipal solid waste shall be so constructed so as to prevent the escape of municipal solid waste therefrom. Such ordinances shall exclude from their provisions vehicles owned or operated by persons transporting municipal solid waste from their residences to a permitted transfer or disposal facility.No such ordinance shall impose, for any violation of any of its provisions, a penalty greater than provided for a traffic infraction as provided in § 46.2-113. Any such penalty shall be in addition to any vehicle towing and storage charges.For the purposes of this section, "municipal solid waste" shall have the meaning prescribed by the Virginia Waste Management Board by regulation ( 9VAC20-80-10 ).For the purposes of this section and local ordinances adopted under this section, "commercial motor vehicle" shall have the meaning prescribed in § 46.2-341.4.2001, c. 356.
VA Code § 46.2-1305 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1305. Regulation of vehicular and pedestrian traffic on roadways and parking areas in residential subdivisions

The governing body of any county, city, or town which has adopted ordinances under the provisions of Chapter 22 (§ 15.2-2200 et seq.) of Title 15.2, may require as a part of such land use regulations for residential subdivisions employing roadways and parking areas not in public ownership, the posting and maintenance of signs or other appropriate markings regulating the operation and parking of motor vehicles and pedestrian traffic, and may adopt ordinances applying the regulations to existing and future residential subdivisions.1972, c. 471, § 46.1-181.2; 1989, c. 727; 2003, c. 418.
VA Code § 46.2-1307 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1307. Designation of private roads as highways for law-enforcement purposes

The governing body of any county, city, or town may adopt ordinances designating the private roads, within any residential development containing 100 or more lots or residential dwelling units, as highways for law-enforcement purposes. Such ordinance may also provide for certification of road signs and speed limits by private licensed professional engineers using criteria developed by the Commissioner of Highways, and, for law-enforcement purposes, such certification shall have the same effect as if certified by the Commissioner of Highways.1979, c. 100, § 46.1-181.5; 1987, c. 152; 1989, c. 727; 2007, cc. 74, 187, 310.
VA Code § 46.2-1307.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1307.1. Designation of private roads as highways for law-enforcement purposes in certain counties

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 46.2-1307, the governing body of Warren County may adopt ordinances designating the private roads within any residential development containing 50 or more lots as highways for law-enforcement purposes, and the governing body of Greene County, upon receipt of a petition therefore by a majority of property owners within a residential development containing 25 or more lots, may adopt ordinances designating the private roads within any such development as highways for law-enforcement purposes. Such ordinance may also provide for certification of road signs and speed limits by private licensed professional engineers using criteria developed by the Commissioner of Highways, and for law-enforcement purposes, such certification shall have the same effect as if certified by the Commissioner of Highways.2006, c. 870; 2007, c. 187; 2014, c. 90.
VA Code § 46.2-1308 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1308. Disposition of fines in traffic cases; failure or neglect to comply with section

In counties, cities, and towns whose governing bodies adopt the ordinances authorized by §§ 46.2-1300 and 46.2-1304, all fines imposed for violations of such ordinances shall be paid into the county, city or town treasury. Fees shall be disposed of according to law.In all cases, however, in which the arrest is made or the summons is issued by an officer of the Department of State Police or of any other division of the state government, for violation of the motor vehicle laws of the Commonwealth, the person arrested or summoned shall be charged with and tried for a violation of some provision of this title and all fines and forfeitures collected upon convictions of any person so arrested or summoned shall be credited to the Literary Fund.Willful failure, refusal or neglect to comply with this provision shall constitute a Class 4 misdemeanor and may be grounds for removal of the guilty person from office. Charges for dereliction of the duties here imposed shall be tried by the circuit court of the jurisdiction served by the officer charged with the violation.Code 1950, § 46-199; 1952, c. 251; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-182; 1989, c. 727; 2012, c. 408.
VA Code § 46.2-1309 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1309. Officers may direct traffic; signals

Law-enforcement officers and uniformed school crossing guards may direct traffic by signals. Such signals other than by voice shall be as follows:1. To stop traffic by hand. -- Stand with shoulders parallel to moving traffic. Raise arms forty-five degrees above shoulder with hand extended, palm towards moving traffic to be stopped.2. To move traffic by hand. -- Stand with shoulders parallel to traffic to be moved. Extend right arm and hand full length at height of shoulders towards such traffic, fingers extended and joined, palm down. Bring hand sharply in direction traffic is to move. Repeat movement with left arm and hand to start traffic from opposite direction.3. To stop and start traffic by whistle. -- One blast, moving traffic to stop; two blasts, traffic in opposite direction to move.4. Emergency stop of traffic by whistle. -- Three or more short blasts, all traffic shall immediately clear the intersection and stop.Such law-enforcement officers and uniformed school crossing guards may also use supplemental traffic direction devices, including but not limited to hand-held stop or go signs, in directing traffic as provided in this section.Code 1950, §§ 46-201, 46-202; 1954, c. 380; 1958, c. 541, § 46.1-183; 1966, c. 607; 1989, c. 727; 1995, c. 473.
VA Code § 46.2-1310 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1310. Authority to deputize persons to direct traffic in certain circumstances

The chief of police of any county, city, or town, or the sheriff of any county which does not have a chief of police, may deputize persons over the age of eighteen years for the limited purpose of directing traffic in accordance with § 46.2-1309 during periods of heavy traffic or congestion. Such persons shall first receive training as the chief of police or sheriff determines necessary to fully acquaint such persons with the techniques of traffic control. They shall not have arrest powers.Any person who is deputized as provided in the foregoing provisions of this section, shall at all times while engaged in traffic control wear a distinctive uniform, safety vest, or a white reflectorized belt which crosses both the chest and back above the waist.1973, c. 371, § 46.1-183.1; 1989, c. 727.
VA Code § 46.2-1311 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1311. Applicability of county ordinances within towns

Any traffic ordinance adopted by the governing body of a county shall not apply within the limits of any town in which the traffic is regulated by town ordinances.1958, c. 541, § 46.1-185; 1989, c. 727.
VA Code § 46.2-1312 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1312. Size, design, and color of signs, signals, and markings erected by local authorities

Traffic signs and traffic signals and markings placed or erected by local authorities pursuant to this title shall conform in size, design, and color to those erected for the same purpose by the Department of Transportation.1958, c. 541, § 46.1-187; 1964, c. 319; 1968, c. 146; 1989, c. 727.
VA Code § 46.2-1313 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1313. Incorporation of provisions of this title, Article 9 (§ 16.1-278 et seq.) of Chapter 11 of Title 16.1 and Article 2 (§ 18.2-266 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2 in ordinances

Ordinances enacted by local authorities pursuant to this chapter may incorporate appropriate provisions of this title, of Article 9 (§ 16.1-278 et seq.) of Chapter 11 of Title 16.1, and of Article 2 (§ 18.2-266 et seq.) of Chapter 7 of Title 18.2 into such ordinances by reference. Nothing contained in this title shall require the readoption of ordinances heretofore validly adopted. Local authorities may adopt ordinances incorporating by reference the appropriate provisions of state law before the effective date of such state law; provided that such local ordinances do not become effective before the effective date of the state law. The provisions of this section are declaratory of existing law.1958, c. 541, § 46.1-188; 1968, c. 243; 1972, c. 286; 1976, c. 396; 1989, c. 727; 1991, c. 224; 1993, c. 302; 1994, c. 264; 2000, c. 48.
VA Code § 46.2-1314 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1314. Traffic schools; requiring attendance by persons convicted of certain violations

The governing body of any county or city may by ordinance provide for the establishment of a traffic school in the locality, at which instruction concerning laws and ordinances for the regulation of vehicular traffic, safe operation of vehicles, and such other subjects as may be prescribed shall be given. The ordinance shall provide for the supervision of the school, the days and hours of its operation, and its personnel. In the discretion of the governing body, the ordinance establishing a traffic school may vest the direction and conduct of the school in the general district court charged with hearing traffic cases.The governing body of any county or city may, alternatively, by ordinance provide for the designation of an existing traffic school or course operated as part of a county or city adult education program as a traffic school for the purposes of this section.Any court in a county or city which provides for a traffic school under this section may require any person found guilty of a violation of any provision of Chapter 8 (§ 46.2-800 et seq.) of this title or local ordinance governing the operation of motor vehicles to attend a traffic school in the county or city where the person is a resident or any traffic school that has been established in any jurisdiction contiguous to the county or city of residence of the convicted violator for a period specified in the order requiring the attendance if the governing body of that contiguous jurisdiction consents thereto. The requirement for attendance may be in lieu of or in addition to the penalties prescribed by § 46.2-113 or any such ordinance. Failure to comply with the order of the court shall be punishable as contempt.1964, c. 267, § 46.1-16.1; 1968, c. 47; 1973, c. 389; 1989, c. 727; 1993, c. 72.
VA Code § 46.2-1315 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 13 - Powers of Local Governments|§ 46.2-1315. Powers of localities to regulate use of motorized skateboards or scooters, bicycles, or electric power-assisted bicycles for hire

A. Any county, city, town, or political subdivision may (i) by ordinance regulate or (ii) by any governing body action or administrative action establish a demonstration project or pilot program regulating the operation of motorized skateboards or scooters, bicycles, or electric power-assisted bicycles for hire, provided that such regulation or other governing body or administrative action is consistent with this title. Such ordinance or other governing body or administrative action may require persons offering motorized skateboards or scooters, bicycles, or electric power-assisted bicycles for hire to be licensed, provided that on or after October 1, 2020, in the absence of any licensing ordinance, regulation, or other action, a person may offer motorized skateboards or scooters, bicycles, or electric power-assisted bicycles for hire.B. The provisions of this section shall not be construed to limit the authority of any locality (i) as authorized by any other provision of law or (ii) to first enact, revise, or amend any ordinance or action created pursuant to subsection A prior to or subsequent to a person offering motorized skateboards or scooters, bicycles, or electric power-assisted bicycles for hire in the locality.C. Any person who offers motorized skateboards or scooters, bicycles, or electric power-assisted bicycles for hire in any locality that has not enacted any licensing ordinance, regulation, or other action regulating such business on or after January 1, 2020, and prior to March 27, 2020, may continue to operate in such locality and shall be subject to any subsequent regulations.2019, c. 780; 2020, c. 478.
VA Code § 46.2-1400 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1400. "Ridesharing arrangement" defined

Ridesharing arrangement means the transportation of persons in a motor vehicle when such transportation is incidental to the principal purpose of the driver, which is to reach a destination and not to transport persons for profit. The term includes ridesharing arrangements known as carpools, vanpools, and bus pools. "Ridesharing arrangement" does not include a prearranged ride as defined in § 46.2-2000.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-556; 1989, c. 727; 2015, cc. 2, 3.
VA Code § 46.2-1401 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1401. Motor carrier laws do not apply

The following laws and regulations of the Commonwealth shall not apply to any ridesharing arrangement using a motor vehicle with a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver:1. Laws and regulations containing insurance requirements that are specifically applicable to motor carriers or commercial vehicles;2. Laws imposing a greater standard of care on motor carriers or commercial vehicles than that imposed on other drivers or owners of motor vehicles;3. Laws and regulations with equipment requirements and special accident reporting requirements that are specifically applicable to motor carriers or commercial vehicles; and4. Laws imposing a tax on fuel purchased in another state by a motor carrier or road user taxes on commercial buses.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-557; 1989, c. 727; 2002, c. 337.
VA Code § 46.2-1402 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1402. Workers' compensation law does not apply

Title 65.2, providing compensation for workers injured during the course of their employment, shall not apply to a person injured while participating in a ridesharing arrangement between his place of residence and place of employment or termini near such places; however, if the employer owns, leases, or contracts for the motor vehicle used in such arrangement, Title 65.2 shall apply.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-558; 1989, c. 727.
VA Code § 46.2-1403 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1403. Liability of employer

An employer shall not be liable for injuries to passengers and other persons resulting from the operation or use of a motor vehicle, not owned, leased or contracted for by the employer, in a ridesharing arrangement.An employer shall not be liable for injuries to passengers and other persons because he provides information or incentives or otherwise encourages his employees to participate in ridesharing arrangements.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-559; 1989, c. 727.
VA Code § 46.2-1404 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1404. Ridesharing payments or transit reduced fares are not income

Money and other benefits, other than salary, received by a driver in a ridesharing arrangement using a motor vehicle with a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver, shall not constitute income for the purpose of Chapter 3 (§ 58.1-300 et seq.) of Title 58.1 imposing taxes on income. Regular payments by riders toward a capital recovery fund not exceeding the cost of the vehicle or used to pay for leasing the vehicle shall be considered reimbursement for eligible expenses of operation. Neither shall the difference in the amount between discount and full transit fares constitute income for the purpose of Chapter 3 of Title 58.1 imposing taxes on income.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-560; 1989, c. 727; 2002, c. 337.
VA Code § 46.2-1405 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1405. Municipal licenses and taxes

No county, city, or town may impose a tax on or require a license, including business licenses or gross receipts taxes, for a ridesharing arrangement using a motor vehicle with a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-561; 1989, c. 727; 2002, c. 337.
VA Code § 46.2-1406 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1406. Overtime compensation and minimum wage laws

The participation of an employee in any kind of ridesharing arrangement shall not result in the application of Title 40.1.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-562; 1989, c. 727.
VA Code § 46.2-1407 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14 - Ridesharing|§ 46.2-1407. Certain ridesharing vehicles are not commercial vehicles or buses

A motor vehicle used in a ridesharing arrangement that has a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver, shall not be a "bus" under those portions of this title relating to equipment requirements or rules of the road.A motor vehicle used in a ridesharing arrangement that has a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver, shall not be a "bus" or "commercial vehicle" under the portions of this title relating to registration.1981, c. 218, § 46.1-563; 1989, cc. 705, 727; 2002, c. 337.
VA Code § 46.2-1408 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14.1 - Peer-To-Peer Vehicle Sharing|§ 46.2-1408. Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:"Peer-to-peer vehicle sharing" means the authorized use of a shared vehicle by a shared vehicle driver through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform."Peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform" means an online-enabled application, website, or system that connects vehicle owners with drivers to enable the sharing of peer-to-peer shared vehicles for financial consideration."Shared vehicle" means a motor vehicle that has been made available for sharing through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform. "Shared vehicle" does not include a daily rental vehicle as defined in § 58.1-1735."Shared vehicle driver" means an individual who has been authorized to operate a shared vehicle by the shared vehicle owner under a vehicle sharing platform agreement."Shared vehicle owner" means the registered owner, or a person or entity designated by the registered owner, of a vehicle made available for sharing to shared vehicle drivers through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform."Vehicle sharing delivery period" means the period of time beginning when the agent of a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform takes custody of the shared vehicle and ending when the shared vehicle arrives at the location agreed upon in the governing vehicle sharing platform agreement."Vehicle sharing period" means the period of time that commences with the vehicle sharing delivery period or, if there is no vehicle sharing delivery period, that commences when the vehicle sharing start time occurs and ends at the vehicle sharing termination time."Vehicle sharing platform agreement" means the terms and conditions applicable to a shared vehicle owner and a shared vehicle driver that govern the use of a shared vehicle through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform."Vehicle sharing start time" means the time when the shared vehicle becomes subject to the control of the shared vehicle driver at or after the sharing of a shared vehicle is scheduled to begin as documented in the records of a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform."Vehicle sharing termination time" means the earliest of the following events:1. When the shared vehicle is delivered to the location agreed upon in the vehicle sharing platform agreement on or after the expiration of the agreed-upon period of time established for the use of a shared vehicle according to the terms of the vehicle sharing platform agreement;2. When the shared vehicle is returned to a location as alternatively agreed upon by the shared vehicle owner and shared vehicle driver within the agreed-upon period of time as communicated through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform; or3. When the shared vehicle owner, or the shared vehicle owner's authorized designee, takes possession and control of the shared vehicle.2020, c. 1266.
VA Code § 46.2-1410 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14.1 - Peer-To-Peer Vehicle Sharing|§ 46.2-1410. Exemption: vicarious liability

A peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform and a shared vehicle owner shall be exempt from vicarious liability under any law that imposes liability solely based on vehicle ownership for any offense that occurs during a vehicle sharing period.2020, c. 1266.
VA Code § 46.2-1411 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14.1 - Peer-To-Peer Vehicle Sharing|§ 46.2-1411. Notification of implications of lien

At the time when a vehicle owner registers as a shared vehicle owner on a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform and prior to when the shared vehicle owner makes a shared vehicle available for vehicle sharing on the peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform, the peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform shall notify the shared vehicle owner that, if the shared vehicle has a lien against it, the use of the shared vehicle through a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform, including use without physical damage coverage, may violate the terms of the contract with the lienholder.2020, c. 1266.
VA Code § 46.2-1412 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles|Chapter 14.1 - Peer-To-Peer Vehicle Sharing|§ 46.2-1412. Insurable interest

A. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, a peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform shall have an insurable interest in a shared vehicle during the vehicle sharing period.B. A peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform may own and maintain as the named insured one or more policies of motor vehicle liability insurance that provides coverage for:1. Liabilities assumed by the peer-to-peer vehicle sharing platform under a vehicle sharing platform agreement;2. Any liability of the shared vehicle owner;3. Damage or loss to the shared vehicle; or4. Any liability of the shared vehicle driver.2020, c. 1266.