reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
WV Code § 39A-3-1 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 3. Digital Signatures; State Electronic Records and Transactions|§39A-3-1. Definitions

(1) "Certificate" means a computer-based record that:(A) Identifies the certification authority issuing it;(B) Names or identifies its subscriber;(C) Contains the subscriber's public key; and(D) Is digitally signed by the certification authority issuing it.(2) "Certification authority" means a person who issues a certificate.(3) "Digital mark" consists of an electronic code indicating approval or confirmation which is entered into a protected digital record following access protocols which identify the user and require a password, personal identification number, encrypted card or other security device which restricts access to one or more authorized individuals; and(4) "Digital signature" consists of a message transformed using an asymmetric cryptosystem so that a person having the initial message and the signer's public key can accurately determine:(A) Whether the transformed message was created using the private key that corresponds to the signer's public key; and(B) Whether the initial message has been altered since the message was transformed.(5) "Electronic postmark" means an electronic service provided by the United States Postal Service that provides evidentiary proof that an electronic document existed in a certain form at a certain time and that an electronic document was opened or the contents of the electronic document were displayed at a time and date documented by the United States Post Office.(6) "Federal certificate authority and repository program" means an official program established by an agency of the United States government for the issuance and authentication of digital signature certificates or other secure electronic authorizations to individuals for use in electronic transactions.
WV Code § 39A-3-2 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 3. Digital Signatures; State Electronic Records and Transactions|§39A-3-2. Acceptance of Electronic Signature by Governmental Entities in Satisfaction of Signature Requirement

(a) Any governmental entity may, by appropriate official action, authorize the acceptance of electronic signatures in lieu of original signatures on messages or filings requiring one or more original signatures, subject to the requirements and limitations of section three of this article.(b) Any governmental entity may elect to participate and utilize the Secretary of State's digital signature authority and registry. Upon acceptance of and registration with the Secretary of State's digital signature authority and registry, the governmental entity's electronic transactions are bound to the regulation of the authority and registry and the rules promulgated thereunder. Any governmental entity not required to participate, but which elects to participate, may withdraw at any time from the program upon notification of the Secretary of State and all others who utilize that entity's digital signature program.(c) Any governmental entity may adopt, in the manner provided by law, an ordinance, rule or official policy designating the documents on which electronic signatures, electronic postmarks or both are authorized and the type or types of electronic signatures which may be accepted for each type of document. Those governmental entities not subject to the provisions of chapter twenty-nine-a of this code which propose to authorize the acceptance of electronic signatures, electronic postmarks or both on documents filed with that entity shall give public notice of the proposed adoption in a manner prescribed by law, an ordinance, rule or official policy, but in no case for less than thirty days before adoption.(d) Any governmental entity which intends to extend, modify or revoke the authority to accept electronic signatures or postmarks shall do so by the same means and with the same notice as required in this section for adoption.
WV Code § 39A-3-3 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 3. Digital Signatures; State Electronic Records and Transactions|§39A-3-3. Duties of the Secretary of State; State Agencies Use of Electronic Signatures

(a) The Secretary of State shall propose emergency and legislative rules for promulgation in accordance with the provisions of article three, chapter twenty-nine-a of this code to establish standards and processes to facilitate the use of electronic signatures in all governmental transactions by state agencies subject to chapter twenty-nine-a of this code. The rules shall include minimum standards for secure transactions to promote confidence and efficiency in legally binding electronic document transactions. The rules may be amended from time to time to keep the rules current with new developments in technology and improvements in secured transaction processes.(b) The Secretary of State is designated the certification authority and repository for all governmental agencies which are subject to chapter twenty-nine-a of this code and shall regulate transactions and digital signature verifications. The Secretary may enter into reciprocal agreements with all state and federal governmental entities to promote the efficient governmental use of electronic transactions. The Secretary of State may propose legislative rules for issuing certificates that bind public keys to individuals, and other electronic transaction authentication devices as provided in this article. The Secretary of State is further authorized to contract with a public or private entity to serve as certification authority for the State of West Virginia. The certification authority may contract with persons to provide certification services. Any contract entered into must require the certification authority to meet the requirements of this article and any rules promulgated by the Secretary of State.(c) Nothing contained in this article may be construed to mandate any specific form of technology, process or standard to be the only technology, process or standard which may be utilized by state entities. Nor may anything contained in this article be construed to limit the Secretary of State in adopting by legislative rule, alternative technologies to authorize electronic signatures and electronic postmarks.(d) Nothing contained in this article may be construed to authorize the use of electronic signatures, electronic postmarks, or both, to effect service of a summons and complaint.
WV Code § 39A-3-4 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 3. Digital Signatures; State Electronic Records and Transactions|§39A-3-4. Secretary of State; Liability

The Secretary of State, serving as authority and repository of signature keys for governmental entities shall revoke any signature key when the secretary has reason to believe that the digital signature key has been stolen, fraudulently used or otherwise compromised. This article creates no liability upon the Secretary of State for any transaction compromised by any illegal act or inappropriate uses associated with electronic signatures.
WV Code § 39A-3-5 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 3. Digital Signatures; State Electronic Records and Transactions|§39A-3-5. Severability

If any provision of this article be found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable under the Constitution of this state or the laws and Constitutions of the United States, the remaining provisions of this article shall be severable and shall continue in full force and effect.
WV Code § 39A-4-1 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act|§39A-4-1. Short Title

This article may be cited as the Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act.
WV Code § 39A-4-2 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act|§39A-4-2. Definitions

For purposes of this article, the following terms shall have the meanings stated below:(1) "Document" means information that is:(A) Inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form; and(B) Eligible to be recorded in the land records maintained by the clerk of the county commission, herein after "county clerk" or "clerk".(2) "Electronic" means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities.(3) "Electronic document" means a document that is received by the county clerk in an electronic form.(4) "Electronic signature" means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with a document and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the document.(5) "Person" means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency, instrumentality or any other legal or commercial entity.(6) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
WV Code § 39A-4-3 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act|§39A-4-3. Validity of Electronic Documents

(a) If a law requires, as a condition for recording, that a document be an original, be on paper or another tangible medium or be in writing, the requirement is satisfied by an electronic document satisfying the requirements of this article.(b) If a law requires, as a condition for recording, that a document be signed, the requirement is satisfied by an electronic signature.(c) A requirement that a document or a signature associated with a document be notarized, acknowledged, verified, witnessed, or made under oath is satisfied if the electronic signature of the person authorized to perform that act, and all other information required to be included, is attached to or logically associated with the document or signature. A physical or electronic image of a stamp, impression, or seal need not accompany an electronic signature on a document that complies with the electronic notarization procedure under 39-4-19 of this code and 153 CSR 45.
WV Code § 39A-4-4 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act|§39A-4-4. Recording of Documents

(a) In this section, "paper document" means a document that is received by the county clerk in a form that is not electronic.(b) A county clerk:(1) Who implements any of the functions listed in this section shall do so in compliance with standards established by the Real Property Electronic Recording Standards Advisory Committee pursuant to 39A-4-5 of this code;(2) May receive, index, store, archive, and transmit electronic documents;(3) May provide for access to, and search and retrieval of, documents and information by electronic means;(4) Who accepts electronic documents for recording shall continue to accept paper documents as authorized by state law and shall place entries for both types of documents in the same index;(5) May convert paper documents accepted for recording into electronic form;(6) May convert information recorded before the clerk began to record electronic documents into electronic form;(7) May accept electronically any fee or tax relating to electronic recording of real property documents that the clerk is authorized to collect; and(8) May agree with other officials of a state or a political subdivision thereof, or of the United States, on procedures or processes to facilitate the electronic satisfaction of prior approvals and conditions precedent to recording and the electronic payment of fees and taxes.
WV Code § 39A-4-6 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act|§39A-4-6. Uniformity of Application and Construction

In applying and construing the Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.
WV Code § 39A-4-7 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce|Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act|§39A-4-7. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act

This article modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (15 U.S.C. 7001, et seq.) but does not modify, limit or supersede 101(c) of that act (15 U.S.C. 7001(c)) or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in 103(b) of that act (15 U.S.C. 7003(b)).
WV Code § 39B-1-101 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-101. Short Title

This chapter may be cited as the Uniform Power of Attorney Act, and is cited in this chapter as "this act".
WV Code § 39B-1-103 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-103. Applicability

This act applies to all powers of attorney except:(1) A power to the extent it is coupled with an interest in the subject of the power, including a power given to or for the benefit of a creditor in connection with a credit transaction;(2) A power to make health-care decisions;(3) A proxy or other delegation to exercise voting rights or management rights with respect to an entity; and(4) A power created on a form prescribed by a government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality for a governmental purpose.
WV Code § 39B-1-104 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-104. Power of Attorney Is Durable

A power of attorney created under this act is durable unless it expressly provides that it is terminated by the incapacity of the principal.
WV Code § 39B-1-105 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-105. Execution of Power of Attorney

A power of attorney must be signed by the principal or in the principal's conscious presence by another individual directed by the principal to sign the principal's name on the power of attorney and must be acknowledged by the principal before a notary public or other individual authorized by law to take acknowledgments.
WV Code § 39B-1-106 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-106. Validity of Power of Attorney

(a) A power of attorney executed in this state on or after the effective date of this act, is valid if its execution complies with section one hundred five of this article.(b) A power of attorney executed in this state before the effective date of this act, is valid if its execution complied with the law of this state as it existed at the time of execution.(c) A power of attorney executed other than in this state is valid in this state if, when the power of attorney was executed, the execution complied with:(1) The law of the jurisdiction that determines the meaning and effect of the power of attorney pursuant to section one hundred seven of this article; or(2) The requirements for a military power of attorney pursuant to 10 U. S. C. §1044b.(d) Except as otherwise provided by statute other than this act, a photocopy or electronically transmitted copy of an original power of attorney has the same effect as the original.
WV Code § 39B-1-107 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-107. Meaning and Effect of Power of Attorney

The meaning and effect of a power of attorney is determined by the law of the jurisdiction indicated in the power of attorney and, in the absence of an indication of jurisdiction, by the law of the jurisdiction in which the power of attorney was executed.
WV Code § 39B-1-108 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-108. Nomination of Conservator or Guardian; Relation of Agent to Court-Appointed Fiduciary

(a) In a power of attorney, a principal may nominate a conservator of the principal's estate or guardian of the principal's person for consideration by the court if protective proceedings for the principal's estate or person are begun after the principal executes the power of attorney. In the protective proceedings the court shall consider the nomination in accordance with the provisions of section eight, article two, chapter forty-four-a of this code.(b) If, after a principal executes a power of attorney, a court appoints a conservator of the principal's estate or other fiduciary charged with the management of some or all of the principal's property, the agent is accountable to the fiduciary as well as to the principal. Unless otherwise ordered by the court making the appointment, the power of attorney and the agent's authority thereunder terminates upon the appointment.
WV Code § 39B-1-109 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-109. When Power of Attorney Effective

(a) A power of attorney is effective when executed unless the principal provides in the power of attorney that it becomes effective at a future date or upon the occurrence of a future event or contingency.(b) If a power of attorney becomes effective upon the occurrence of a future event or contingency, the principal, in the power of attorney, may authorize one or more persons to determine in a writing or other record that the event or contingency has occurred.(c) If a power of attorney becomes effective upon the principal's incapacity and the principal has not authorized a person to determine whether the principal is incapacitated, or the person authorized is unable or unwilling to make the determination, the power of attorney becomes effective upon a determination in a writing or other record by:(1) A physician or licensed psychologist that the principal is incapacitated within the meaning of section one hundred two (5) (A) of this article; or(2) An attorney at law, a judge or an appropriate governmental official that the principal is incapacitated within the meaning of section one hundred two (5) (B) of this article.(d) A person authorized by the principal in the power of attorney to determine that the principal is incapacitated may act as the principal's personal representative pursuant to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, §1171 through §1179 of the Social Security Act, 42 U. S. C. §1320d, and applicable regulations, to obtain access to the principal's health-care information and communicate with the principal's health-care provider.
WV Code § 39B-1-110 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-110. Termination of Power of Attorney or Agent's Authority

(a) A power of attorney terminates when:(1) The principal dies;(2) The principal becomes incapacitated, if the power of attorney is not durable;(3) The principal revokes the power of attorney;(4) The power of attorney provides that it terminates;(5) The purpose of the power of attorney is accomplished; or(6) The principal revokes the agent's authority or the agent dies, becomes incapacitated, or resigns, and the power of attorney does not provide for another agent to act under the power of attorney.(b) An agent's authority terminates when:(1) The principal revokes the authority;(2) The agent dies, becomes incapacitated, or resigns;(3) An action is filed for the dissolution or annulment of the agent's marriage to the principal or their legal separation, unless the power of attorney otherwise provides; or(4) The power of attorney terminates.(c) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, an agent's authority is exercisable until the authority terminates pursuant to this section, notwithstanding a lapse of time since the execution of the power of attorney.(d) Termination of an agent's authority or of a power of attorney is not effective as to the agent or another person that, without actual knowledge of the termination, acts in good faith under the power of attorney. An act so performed, unless otherwise invalid or unenforceable, binds the principal and the principal's successors in interest.(e) Incapacity of the principal of a power of attorney that is not durable does not revoke or terminate the power of attorney as to an agent or other person who, without actual knowledge of the incapacity, acts in good faith under the power of attorney. An act so performed, unless otherwise invalid or unenforceable, binds the principal and the principal's successors in interest.(f) The execution of a power of attorney does not revoke a power of attorney previously executed by the principal unless the subsequent power of attorney provides that the previous power of attorney is revoked or that all other powers of attorney are revoked.
WV Code § 39B-1-111 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-111. Coagents and Successor Agents

(a) A principal may designate two or more persons to act as coagents. Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, each coagent may exercise his or her authority independently and the consent of all coagents is not necessary for the validity of an act or transaction.(b) A principal may designate one or more successor agents to act if an agent resigns, dies, becomes incapacitated, is not qualified to serve, or declines to serve. A principal may grant authority to designate one or more successor agents to an agent or other person designated by name, office or function. Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, a successor agent:(1) Has the same authority as that granted to the original agent; and(2) May not act until all predecessor agents have resigned, died, become incapacitated, are no longer qualified to serve, or have declined to serve.(c) Except as otherwise provided in the power of attorney and this act, an agent who does not participate in or conceal a breach of fiduciary duty committed by another agent, including a predecessor agent, is not liable for the actions of the other agent.(d) An agent who has actual knowledge of a breach or imminent breach of fiduciary duty by another agent has a duty to notify the principal and, if the principal is incapacitated, take any action reasonably appropriate in the circumstances to safeguard the principal's best interest. An agent who fails to notify the principal or take action as required by this article is liable for the reasonably foreseeable damages that could have been avoided if the agent had notified the principal or taken such action.
WV Code § 39B-1-112 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-112. Reimbursement and Compensation of Agent

Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, an agent is entitled to reimbursement of expenses reasonably incurred on behalf of the principal and to compensation that is reasonable under the circumstances: Provided, That an agent who is related to the principal as an ancestor, spouse or descendent is not entitled to compensation for services as agent, unless the power of attorney specifically provides for compensation.
WV Code § 39B-1-113 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act|Article 1. General Provisions|§39B-1-113. Agent's Acceptance

Except as otherwise provided in the power of attorney, a person accepts appointment as an agent under a power of attorney by exercising authority or performing duties as an agent or by any other assertion or conduct indicating acceptance.