reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.052 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter C. Impartial Third Parties|Section 154.052. Qualifications of Impartial Third Party

Sec. 154.052.  QUALIFICATIONS OF IMPARTIAL THIRD PARTY.  (a)  Except as provided by Subsections (b) and (c), to qualify for an appointment as an impartial third party under this subchapter a person must have completed a minimum of 40 classroom hours of training in dispute resolution techniques in a course conducted by an alternative dispute resolution system or other dispute resolution organization approved by the court making the appointment.(b)  To qualify for an appointment as an impartial third party under this subchapter in a dispute relating to the parent-child relationship, a person must complete the training required by Subsection (a) and an additional 24 hours of training in the fields of family dynamics, child development, and family law, including a minimum of four hours of family violence dynamics training developed in consultation with a statewide family violence advocacy organization.(c)  In appropriate circumstances, a court may in its discretion appoint a person as an impartial third party who does not qualify under Subsection (a) or (b) if the court bases its appointment on legal or other professional training or experience in particular dispute resolution processes.|Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1121, Sec. 1, eff. June 20, 1987.Amended by: Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 195 (S.B. 539), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2017.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.053 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter C. Impartial Third Parties|Section 154.053. Standards and Duties of Impartial Third Parties

Sec. 154.053.  STANDARDS AND DUTIES OF IMPARTIAL THIRD PARTIES.  (a)  A person appointed to facilitate an alternative dispute resolution procedure under this subchapter shall encourage and assist the parties in reaching a settlement of their dispute but may not compel or coerce the parties to enter into a settlement agreement.(b)  Unless expressly authorized by the disclosing party, the impartial third party may not disclose to either party information given in confidence by the other and shall at all times maintain confidentiality with respect to communications relating to the subject matter of the dispute.(c)  Unless the parties agree otherwise, all matters, including the conduct and demeanor of the parties and their counsel during the settlement process, are confidential and may never be disclosed to anyone, including the appointing court.(d)  Each participant, including the impartial third party, to an alternative dispute resolution procedure is subject to the requirements of Subchapter B, Chapter 261, Family Code, and Subchapter C, Chapter 48, Human Resources Code.|Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1121, Sec. 1, eff. June 20, 1987.  Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1150, Sec. 29, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.054 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter C. Impartial Third Parties|Section 154.054. Compensation of Impartial Third Parties

Sec. 154.054.  COMPENSATION OF IMPARTIAL THIRD PARTIES.  (a)  The court may set a reasonable fee for the services of an impartial third party appointed under this subchapter.(b)  Unless the parties agree to a method of payment, the court shall tax the fee for the services of an impartial third party as other costs of suit.|Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1121, Sec. 1, eff. June 20, 1987.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.055 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter C. Impartial Third Parties|Section 154.055. Qualified Immunity of Impartial Third Parties

Sec. 154.055.  QUALIFIED IMMUNITY OF IMPARTIAL THIRD PARTIES.  (a)  A person appointed to facilitate an alternative dispute resolution procedure under this subchapter or under Chapter 152 relating to an alternative dispute resolution system established by counties, or appointed by the parties whether before or after the institution of formal judicial proceedings, who is a volunteer and who does not act with wanton and wilful disregard of the rights, safety, or property of another, is immune from civil liability for any act or omission within the course and scope of his or her duties or functions as an impartial third party.  For purposes of this section, a volunteer impartial third party is a person who does not receive compensation in excess of reimbursement for expenses incurred or a stipend intended as reimbursement for expenses incurred.(b)  This section neither applies to nor is it intended to enlarge or diminish any rights or immunities enjoyed by an arbitrator participating in a binding arbitration pursuant to any applicable statute or treaty.|Added by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 875, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1993.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.071 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter D. Miscellaneous Provisions|Section 154.071. Effect of Written Settlement Agreement

Sec. 154.071.  EFFECT OF WRITTEN SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT.  (a)  If the parties reach a settlement and execute a written agreement disposing of the dispute, the agreement is enforceable in the same manner as any other written contract.(b)  The court in its discretion may incorporate the terms of the agreement in the court's final decree disposing of the case.(c)  A settlement agreement does not affect an outstanding court order unless the terms of the agreement are incorporated into a subsequent decree.|Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1121, Sec. 1, eff. June 20, 1987.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.072 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter D. Miscellaneous Provisions|Section 154.072. Statistical Information on Disputes Referred

Sec. 154.072.  STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON DISPUTES REFERRED.  The Texas Supreme Court shall determine the need and method for statistical reporting of disputes referred by the courts to alternative dispute resolution procedures.|Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1121, Sec. 1, eff. June 20, 1987.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 154.073 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 154 - Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures|Subchapter D. Miscellaneous Provisions|Section 154.073. Confidentiality of Certain Records and Communications

Sec. 154.073.  CONFIDENTIALITY OF CERTAIN RECORDS AND COMMUNICATIONS.  (a)  Except as provided by Subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f), a communication relating to the subject matter of any civil or criminal dispute made by a participant in an alternative dispute resolution procedure, whether before or after the institution of formal judicial proceedings, is confidential, is not subject to disclosure, and may not be used as evidence against the participant in any judicial or administrative proceeding.(b)  Any record made at an alternative dispute resolution procedure is confidential, and the participants or the third party facilitating the procedure may not be required to testify in any proceedings relating to or arising out of the matter in dispute or be subject to process requiring disclosure of confidential information or data relating to or arising out of the matter in dispute.(c)  An oral communication or written material used in or made a part of an alternative dispute resolution procedure is admissible or discoverable if it is admissible or discoverable independent of the procedure.(d)  A final written agreement to which a governmental body, as defined by Section 552.003, Government Code, is a signatory that is reached as a result of a dispute resolution procedure conducted under this chapter is subject to or excepted from required disclosure in accordance with Chapter 552, Government Code.(e)  If this section conflicts with other legal requirements for disclosure of communications, records, or materials, the issue of confidentiality may be presented to the court having jurisdiction of the proceedings to determine, in camera, whether the facts, circumstances, and context of the communications or materials sought to be disclosed warrant a protective order of the court or whether the communications or materials are subject to disclosure.(f)  This section does not affect the duty to report abuse or neglect under Subchapter B, Chapter 261, Family Code, and abuse, exploitation, or neglect under Subchapter C, Chapter 48, Human Resources Code.(g)  This section applies to a victim-offender mediation by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice as described in Article 56A.602, Code of Criminal Procedure.|Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1121, Sec. 1, eff. June 20, 1987.  Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1150, Sec. 30, eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1352, Sec. 6, eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1034, Sec. 13, eff. Sept. 1, 2001;  Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1420, Sec. 21.001(6), 21.002(3), eff. Sept. 1, 2001.Amended by: Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 469 (H.B. 4173), Sec. 2.04, eff. January 1, 2021.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.001 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 171.001. Arbitration Agreements Valid

Sec. 171.001.  ARBITRATION AGREEMENTS VALID.  (a)  A written agreement to arbitrate is valid and enforceable if the agreement is to arbitrate a controversy that:(1)  exists at the time of the agreement;  or(2)  arises between the parties after the date of the agreement.(b)  A party may revoke the agreement only on a ground that exists at law or in equity for the revocation of a contract.|Acts 1965, 59th Leg., p. 1593, ch. 689, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966.  Amended by Acts 1979, 66th Leg., p. 1708, ch. 704, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 27, 1979.  Redesignated from Vernon's Ann.Civ.Stat. art. 224 and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 588, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.002 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 171.002. Scope of Chapter

Sec. 171.002.  SCOPE OF CHAPTER.  (a)  This chapter does not apply to:(1)  a collective bargaining agreement between an employer and a labor union;(2)  an agreement for the acquisition by one or more individuals of property, services, money, or credit in which the total consideration to be furnished by the individual is not more than $50,000, except as provided by Subsection (b);(3)  a claim for personal injury, except as provided by Subsection (c);(4)  a claim for workers' compensation benefits;  or(5)  an agreement made before January 1, 1966.(b)  An agreement described by Subsection (a)(2) is subject to this chapter if:(1)  the parties to the agreement agree in writing to arbitrate;  and(2)  the agreement is signed by each party and each party's attorney.(c)  A claim described by Subsection (a)(3) is subject to this chapter if:(1)  each party to the claim, on the advice of counsel, agrees in writing to arbitrate;  and(2)  the agreement is signed by each party and each party's attorney.|Acts 1965, 59th Leg., p. 1593, ch. 689, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966.  Redesignated from Vernon's Ann.Civ.Stat. art. 225 and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 588, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.003 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter A. General Provisions|Section 171.003. Uniform Interpretation

Sec. 171.003.  UNIFORM INTERPRETATION.  This chapter shall be construed to effect its purpose and make uniform the construction of other states' law applicable to an arbitration.|Acts 1965, 59th Leg., p. 1593, ch. 689, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1966.  Redesignated from Vernon's Ann.Civ.Stat. art. 226 and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 588, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.021 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter B. Proceedings to Compel or Stay Arbitrations|Section 171.021. Proceeding to Compel Arbitration

Sec. 171.021.  PROCEEDING TO COMPEL ARBITRATION.  (a)  A court shall order the parties to arbitrate on application of a party showing:(1)  an agreement to arbitrate;  and(2)  the opposing party's refusal to arbitrate.(b)  If a party opposing an application made under Subsection (a) denies the existence of the agreement, the court shall summarily determine that issue.  The court shall order the arbitration if it finds for the party that made the application.  If the court does not find for that party, the court shall deny the application.(c)  An order compelling arbitration must include a stay of any proceeding subject to Section 171.025.|Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 4748, ch. 830, eff. Aug. 29, 1983.  Amended by Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 338, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 26, 1985.  Redesignated from Vernon's Ann.Civ.St. art. 238-20, Sec. 1 to 2A and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 588, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.022 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter B. Proceedings to Compel or Stay Arbitrations|Section 171.022. Unconscionable Agreements Unenforceable

Sec. 171.022.  UNCONSCIONABLE AGREEMENTS UNENFORCEABLE.  A court may not enforce an agreement to arbitrate if the court finds the agreement was unconscionable at the time the agreement was made.|Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 4748, ch. 830, eff. Aug. 29, 1983.  Amended by Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 338, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 26, 1985.  Redesignated from Vernon's Ann.Civ.St. art. 238-20, Sec. 3 and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 588, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.023 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter B. Proceedings to Compel or Stay Arbitrations|Section 171.023. Proceeding to Stay Arbitration

Sec. 171.023.  PROCEEDING TO STAY ARBITRATION.  (a)  A court may stay an arbitration commenced or threatened on application and a showing that there is not an agreement to arbitrate.(b)  If there is a substantial bona fide dispute as to whether an agreement to arbitrate exists, the court shall try the issue promptly and summarily.(c)  The court shall stay the arbitration if the court finds for the party moving for the stay.  If the court finds for the party opposing the stay, the court shall order the parties to arbitrate.|Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 4748, ch. 830, eff. Aug. 29, 1983.  Redesignated from Vernon's Ann.Civ.St. art. 238-20, Sec. 4 and amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 588, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.024 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter B. Proceedings to Compel or Stay Arbitrations|Section 171.024. Place for Making Application

Sec. 171.024.  PLACE FOR MAKING APPLICATION.  (a)  If there is a proceeding pending in a court involving an issue referable to arbitration under an alleged agreement to arbitrate, a party may make an application under this subchapter only in that court.(b)  If Subsection (a) does not apply, a party may make an application in any court, subject to Section 171.096.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.025 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter B. Proceedings to Compel or Stay Arbitrations|Section 171.025. Stay of Related Proceeding

Sec. 171.025.  STAY OF RELATED PROCEEDING.  (a)  The court shall stay a proceeding that involves an issue subject to arbitration if an order for arbitration or an application for that order is made under this subchapter.(b)  The stay applies only to the issue subject to arbitration if that issue is severable from the remainder of the proceeding.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.026 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter B. Proceedings to Compel or Stay Arbitrations|Section 171.026. Validity of Underlying Claim

Sec. 171.026.  VALIDITY OF UNDERLYING CLAIM.  A court may not refuse to order arbitration because:(1)  the claim lacks merit or bona fides;  or(2)  the fault or ground for the claim is not shown.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.041 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.041. Appointment of Arbitrators

Sec. 171.041.  APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS.  (a)  The method of appointment of arbitrators is as specified in the agreement to arbitrate.(b)  The court, on application of a party stating the nature of the issues to be arbitrated and the qualifications of the proposed arbitrators, shall appoint one or more qualified arbitrators if:(1)  the agreement to arbitrate does not specify a method of appointment;(2)  the agreed method fails or cannot be followed;  or(3)  an appointed arbitrator fails or is unable to act and a successor has not been appointed.(c)  An arbitrator appointed under Subsection (b) has the powers of an arbitrator named in the agreement to arbitrate.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.042 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.042. Majority Action by Arbitrators

Sec. 171.042.  MAJORITY ACTION BY ARBITRATORS.  The powers of the arbitrators are exercised by a majority unless otherwise provided by the agreement to arbitrate or this chapter.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.043 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.043. Hearing Conducted by Arbitrators

Sec. 171.043.  HEARING CONDUCTED BY ARBITRATORS.  (a)  Unless otherwise provided by the agreement to arbitrate, all the arbitrators shall conduct the hearing.  A majority of the arbitrators may determine a question and render a final award.(b)  If, during the course of the hearing, an arbitrator ceases to act, one or more remaining arbitrators appointed to act as neutral arbitrators may hear and determine the controversy.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.044 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.044. Time and Place of Hearing; Notice

Sec. 171.044.  TIME AND PLACE OF HEARING;  NOTICE.  (a)  Unless otherwise provided by the agreement to arbitrate, the arbitrators shall set a time and place for the hearing and notify each party.(b)  The notice must be served not later than the fifth day before the hearing either personally or by registered or certified mail with return receipt requested.  Appearance at the hearing waives the notice.(c)  The court on application may direct the arbitrators to proceed promptly with the hearing and determination of the controversy.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.045 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.045. Adjournment or Postponement

Sec. 171.045.  ADJOURNMENT OR POSTPONEMENT.  Unless otherwise provided by the agreement to arbitrate, the arbitrators may:(1)  adjourn the hearing as necessary;  and(2)  on request of a party and for good cause, or on their own motion, postpone the hearing to a time not later than:(A)  the date set by the agreement for making the award;  or(B)  a later date agreed to by the parties.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.046 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.046. Failure of Party to Appear

Sec. 171.046.  FAILURE OF PARTY TO APPEAR.  Unless otherwise provided by the agreement to arbitrate, the arbitrators may hear and determine the controversy on the evidence produced without regard to whether a party who has been notified as provided by Section 171.044 fails to appear.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.047 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.047. Rights of Party at Hearing

Sec. 171.047.  RIGHTS OF PARTY AT HEARING.  Unless otherwise provided by the agreement to arbitrate, a party at the hearing is entitled to:(1)  be heard;(2)  present evidence material to the controversy;  and(3)  cross-examine any witness.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|
TX Civ Prac & Rem Code § 171.048 (2021)
2021 Texas Statutes|Civil Practice and Remedies Code|Title 7 - Alternate Methods of Dispute Resolution|Chapter 171 - General Arbitration|Subchapter C. Arbitration|Section 171.048. Representation by Attorney; Fees

Sec. 171.048.  REPRESENTATION BY ATTORNEY;  FEES.  (a)  A party is entitled to representation by an attorney at a proceeding under this chapter.(b)  A waiver of the right described by Subsection (a) before the proceeding is ineffective.(c)  The arbitrators shall award attorney's fees as additional sums required to be paid under the award only if the fees are provided for:(1)  in the agreement to arbitrate;  or(2)  by law for a recovery in a civil action in the district court on a cause of action on which any part of the award is based.|Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 5.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.|