reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AL Code § 27-3A-6 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 3A - Health Care Service Utilization Review Act.|Section 27-3A-6 - Violations of Chapter by Utilization Review Agent.

Section 27-3A-6Violations of chapter by utilization review agent. (a) Whenever the department has reason to believe that a utilization review agent subject to this chapter has been or is engaged in conduct that violates this chapter, the department shall notify the utilization review agent of the alleged violation. The agent shall respond to the notice not later than 30 days after the notice is made. (b) If the department finds that the utilization review agent has violated this chapter, or that the alleged violation has not been corrected, the department may conduct a contested case hearing on the alleged violation in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act. (c) If, after the hearing, the department determines that the utilization review agent has engaged in a violation, the department shall reduce the findings to writing and shall issue and cause to be served upon the agent a copy of the findings and an order requiring the agent to cease and desist from engaging in the violation. (d) The department may also exercise either or both of the following disciplinary powers: (1) Impose an administrative fine of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for a violation that occurred with such frequency as to indicate a general business pattern or practice. (2) Suspend or revoke the certification of a utilization review agent if the agent knew the act was in violation of this chapter and repeated the act with such frequency as to indicate a general business pattern or practice. (Acts 1994, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 94-786, p. 80, §6.)
AL Code § 27-4-8 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4 - Fees and Taxes.|Section 27-4-8 - Annual License Fee of Life Insurers Organized to Aid Nonprofit Educational and Scientific Institutions.

Section 27-4-8Annual license fee of life insurers organized to aid nonprofit educational and scientific institutions. Annuity considerations and premiums received by a life insurer licensed to transact business in this state and which is organized and operated without profit to any private shareholder or individual and exclusively for the purpose of aiding nonprofit education and scientific institutions by issuing insurance or annuity contracts only for the benefit of such institutions and individuals employed in the services thereof at the time such policy or contract is issued shall not be subject to the payment of a privilege tax based upon premiums or annuity considerations under the provisions of this chapter or any other law of this state. In lieu of such privilege tax upon premiums and annuity considerations, such nonprofit company shall pay an annual license fee of $5,000.00 to the commissioner for the privilege of transacting an insurance business in this state. The initial payment of such shall be due on the date that such insurer is licensed to do business in the State of Alabama and upon March 1, of each year succeeding that of admission, so long as such insurer shall be licensed to transact an insurance business in this state. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §83.)
AL Code § 27-4-11 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4 - Fees and Taxes.|Section 27-4-11 - Refund of Taxes or Licenses Paid by Mistake.

Section 27-4-11Refund of taxes or licenses paid by mistake. (a) Where any taxpayer in the payment of taxes or payments of licenses which are paid directly to the commissioner and where by a mistake of fact or law has paid an amount in excess of the amount due or has made an erroneous payment, the Comptroller is authorized to draw his warrant on the Treasurer in favor of such taxpayer and the Treasurer is authorized to pay such warrant for the amount of such overpayment or erroneous payment. (b) Before any refund under this section can be made the taxpayer, his heirs, successors or assigns shall file, in duplicate, a petition directed to the commissioner, setting up the fact relied on to procure the refunding of the money erroneously paid. Such application must be made within three years from the date of such payment. (c) The commissioner shall examine said petition and the records of the Department of Insurance, and if the facts set forth in the petition are such as to entitle the petitioner to the refunding of the money as requested and the commissioner, upon the evidence adduced is satisfied that the petitioner is entitled to the refund as requested, he shall so certify to the Comptroller, stating the amount to be refunded by the state, the particular fund on which such warrant shall be drawn, including both the special revolving fund and the General Fund, and he shall forward to the Comptroller a copy of the petition with the certificate attached. If the Comptroller shall be satisfied that the petition is in form required by law, he shall draw his warrant on the Treasurer as provided in this section for the amount certified to him by the commissioner. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §86.)
AL Code § 27-4A-1 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4A - Insurance Premium Tax.|Section 27-4A-1 - Short Title.

Section 27-4A-1Short title. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as "The Insurance Premium Tax Reform Act of 1993." (Acts 1993, No. 93-679, p. 1291, §1.)
AL Code § 27-4A-2 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4A - Insurance Premium Tax.|Section 27-4A-2 - Definitions.

Section 27-4A-2Definitions. For the purposes of this chapter only, the following terms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, shall have the meanings: (1) ANNUITY CONSIDERATIONS. All sums received as consideration for annuity contracts. (2) COMMISSIONER. The Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Alabama. (3) DEPARTMENT. The Department of Insurance of the State of Alabama. (4) DOMESTIC INSURER. Any insurer organized under the laws of the State of Alabama which maintains its principal office and chief place of business in the State of Alabama. (5) FOREIGN INSURER. Any insurer organized under the laws of any country or of any state of the United States other than the State of Alabama and any insurer organized under the laws of Alabama which maintains its principal office or chief place of business outside the State of Alabama. (6) INSURER. Every insurer as defined in Section 27-1-2, and every other insurance company or association charging a premium for contracts entered into by those companies, associations, or societies, which shall include every non-profit corporation organized pursuant to Sections 10-4-100 to 10-4-115, inclusive, every mutual aid association including those organized pursuant to Chapter 30, Title 27, and every health maintenance organization including those organized pursuant to Chapter 21A, Title 27. Notwithstanding the foregoing, societies exempt pursuant to Section 27-34-42, and self-insurance programs utilizing a trust fund or similar entity providing workers' compensation, health, and other insurance-like coverage shall not be included within this definition of insurer. (7) MEDICAL LIABILITY INSURANCE. Liability insurance provided to hospitals, physicians, dentists, and other persons licensed by the State of Alabama to provide healthcare services against legal liability resulting from the failure of such insureds to comply with the standard of care applicable to them in rendering medical care to patients, including general liability insurance written as a part of such insurance. (8) PREMIUMS. All amounts received in cash or otherwise on risks in this state as consideration for contracts of insurance, less all of the following: a. Insurance premiums returned. b. Reinsurance premiums from insurance companies authorized to do business in Alabama and subject to the premium tax provided for in Chapter 4 of Title 27. c. Dividends paid, applied, or left with the company to accumulate at interest. Premiums shall not include: (i) annuity considerations; or (ii) charges by title insurers for abstracting, record searching, certificates as to the record title, escrow and closing services and other related services, or the costs and expenses of examinations of title. (Acts 1993, No. 93-679, p. 1291, §2; Acts 1993, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 93-847, p. 67, §1.)
AL Code § 27-4A-4 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4A - Insurance Premium Tax.|Section 27-4A-4 - Penalties.

Section 27-4A-4Penalties. Every insurer failing to comply with the requirements of this chapter shall be subject to a penalty of not less than $1,000 nor exceeding $10,000, recoverable in an action brought by the Attorney General for the commissioner. Upon any violation, the commissioner may suspend or revoke the insurer's certificate of authority. Penalties recovered under this section shall be paid to the State Treasury to the credit of the State General Fund. (Acts 1993, No. 93-679, p. 1291, §4.)
AL Code § 27-4A-5 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4A - Insurance Premium Tax.|Section 27-4A-5 - Exclusive Tax on Premiums.

Section 27-4A-5Exclusive tax on premiums. The premium tax levied by this chapter is exclusive and shall be in lieu of all other and additional taxes and licenses of the state or county imposed on, based upon or measured by premiums received by the insurer for business done in this state. No license or privilege tax shall be charged any insurer paying the premium tax levied by this chapter by or on behalf of any county. (Acts 1993, No. 93-679, p. 1291, §5.)
AL Code § 27-4A-6 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4A - Insurance Premium Tax.|Section 27-4A-6 - Exemption From Income and Ad Valorem Taxes.

Section 27-4A-6Exemption from income and ad valorem taxes. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to repeal any existing laws or statutes which exempt or exclude insurers from the payment of fees, taxes, or licenses other than the tax imposed by this chapter. Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence, insurers upon which this section imposes a tax upon their premium income or in lieu thereof, shall be exempt from income taxes imposed by the State of Alabama under the provisions of Chapter 18 of Title 40, or any other similar law. (Acts 1993, No. 93-679, p. 1291, §6; Act 2000-705, p. 1442, §3.)
AL Code § 27-4A-7 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 4A - Insurance Premium Tax.|Section 27-4A-7 - Mutual Aid Associations.

Section 27-4A-7Mutual aid associations. Mutual aid associations shall be subject to the provisions of this chapter and subject to the annual premium tax to be paid by insurers on insurance premiums. (Acts 1993, No. 93-679, p. 1291, §10.)
AL Code § 27-5-1 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-1 - Definitions Not Mutually Exclusive; Exceptions to Applicability of Chapter.

Section 27-5-1Definitions not mutually exclusive; exceptions to applicability of chapter. (a) It is intended that certain insurance coverages may come within the definitions of two or more kinds of insurance as defined in this chapter, and the inclusion of such coverage within one definition shall not exclude it as to any other kind of insurance within the definition of which such coverage is likewise reasonably includable. (b) The definitions contained in this chapter shall not be applicable to the construction of Sections 11-51-120 and 11-51-121. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §87.)
AL Code § 27-5-2 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-2 - "Life Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-2"Life insurance" defined. "Life insurance" is insurance on human lives. The transaction of life insurance includes also the granting of endowment benefits, additional benefits in event of death or dismemberment by accident or accidental means, additional benefits in event of the insured's disability, burial insurance, and optional modes of settlement of proceeds of life insurance. Life insurance does not include workmen's compensation coverages. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §88.)
AL Code § 27-5-3 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-3 - "Annuity" Defined.

Section 27-5-3"Annuity" defined. For the purpose of this title, an "annuity" is a contract under which obligations are assumed with respect to periodic payments for a specific term, or terms, or where the making or continuance of all or of some of such payments or the amount of any such payment is dependent upon the continuance of human life, except payments made pursuant to optional modes of settlement under the authority of Section 27-5-2. Such a contract, which includes extra benefits of the kinds set forth in Sections 27-5-2 and 27-5-3, shall, nevertheless, be deemed to be an annuity if such extra benefits constitute a subsidiary or incidental part of the entire contract. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §88.1.)
AL Code § 27-5-4 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-4 - "Disability Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-4"Disability insurance" defined. "Disability insurance" is insurance of human beings against bodily injury, disablement or death by accident or accidental means, or the expense thereof, or against disablement or expense resulting from sickness and every insurance appertaining thereto. Disability insurance does not include workmen's compensation coverages. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §89.)
AL Code § 27-5-5 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-5 - "Property Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-5"Property insurance" defined. "Property insurance" is insurance on real or personal property of every kind and of every interest therein, whether on land, water, or in the air, against loss or damage from any and every hazard or cause and against loss consequential upon such loss or damage other than noncontractual legal liability for any such loss or damage. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §90.)
AL Code § 27-5-7 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-7 - "Surety Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-7"Surety insurance" defined. "Surety insurance" includes: (1) Fidelity insurance, which is insurance guaranteeing the fidelity of persons holding positions of public or private trust; (2) Insurance guaranteeing the performance of contracts, other than insurance policies, and guaranteeing and executing bonds, undertakings and contracts of suretyship; and (3) Insurance indemnifying banks, bankers, brokers, financial or moneyed corporations or associations against loss, resulting from any cause, of bills of exchange, notes, bonds, securities, evidences of debt, deeds, mortgages, warehouse receipts or other valuable papers, documents, money, precious metals, and articles made therefrom, jewelry, watches, necklaces, bracelets, gems, precious and semiprecious stones, including any loss while the same are being transported in armored motor vehicles or by messenger, but not including any other risks of transportation or navigation; also, insurance against loss or damage to such an insured's premises or to his furnishings, fixtures, equipment, safes, and vaults therein caused by burglary, robbery, theft, vandalism or malicious mischief, or any attempt thereat. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §92.)
AL Code § 27-5-8 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-8 - "Marine Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-8"Marine insurance" defined. "Marine insurance" includes: (1) Insurance against any and all kinds of loss or damage to: a. Vessels, craft, aircraft, cars, automobiles and vehicles of every kind, as well as all goods, freights, cargoes, merchandise, effects, disbursements, profits, moneys, bullion, precious stones, securities, choses in action, evidence of debt, valuable papers, bottomry and respondentia interests, and all other kinds of property and interests therein in respect to, appertaining to or in connection with any and all risks or perils of navigation, transit, or transportation, including war risks, on or under any seas or other waters, on land or in the air, or while being assembled, packed, crated, baled, compressed, or similarly prepared for shipment or while awaiting the same or during any delays, storage, transshipment, or reshipment incident thereto, including marine builder's risks and all personal property floater risks; b. Person or to property in connection with, or appertaining to, a marine, inland marine, transit or transportation insurance, including liability for loss of, or damage to, either, arising out of or in connection with the construction, repair, operation, maintenance or use of the subject matter of such insurance, but not including life insurance or surety bonds nor insurance against loss by reason of bodily injury to the person arising out of the ownership, maintenance or use of automobiles; c. Precious stones, jewels, jewelry, gold, silver, and other precious metals, whether used in business or trade or otherwise and whether the same be in course of transportation or otherwise; and d. Bridges, tunnels and other instrumentalities of transportation and communication, excluding buildings, their furniture and furnishings, fixed contents and supplies held in storage, unless fire, tornado, sprinkler leakage, hail, explosion, earthquake, riot and/or civil commotion are the only hazards to be covered; piers, wharves, docks, and slips, excluding the risks of fire, tornado, sprinkler leakage, hail, explosion, earthquake, riot, and/or civil commotion; and other aids to navigation and transportation, including dry docks and marine railways, against all risks. (2) "Marine protection and indemnity insurance," meaning insurance against, or against legal liability of the insured for, loss, damage or expense arising out of, or incident to, the ownership, operation, chartering, maintenance, use, repair, or construction of any vessel, craft or instrumentality in use in ocean or inland waterways, including liability of the insured for personal injury, illness, or death or for loss of, or damage to, the property of another person. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §93.)
AL Code § 27-5-9 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-9 - "Wet Marine and Transportation Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-9"Wet marine and transportation insurance" defined. For the purposes of this title, "wet marine and transportation insurance" is that part of marine insurance which includes only: (1) Insurance upon vessels, crafts, hulls and of interests therein or with relation thereto; (2) Insurance of marine builder's risks, marine war risks, and contracts of marine protection and indemnity insurance; (3) Insurance of freights and disbursements pertaining to a subject of insurance coming within this section; and (4) Insurance of personal property and interests therein in course of exportation from, or importation into, any country and in course of transportation coastwise or on inland waters, including transportation by land, water or air from point of origin to final destination, in respect to, appertaining to or in connection with any and all risks or perils of navigation, transit or transportation, and while being prepared for and while awaiting shipment and during any delays, storage, transshipment or reshipment incident thereto. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §93.)
AL Code § 27-5-10 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-10 - "Title Insurance" Defined.

Section 27-5-10"Title insurance" defined. "Title insurance" is insurance of owners of property, or others having an interest therein or liens or encumbrances thereon against loss by encumbrance, or defective titles, or invalidity or adverse claim to title. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §94.)
AL Code § 27-5-11 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-11 - Limits of Risk.

Section 27-5-11Limits of risk. (a) No insurer shall retain any risk on any one subject of insurance, whether located or to be performed in this state or elsewhere, in an amount exceeding 10 percent of its surplus to policyholders. (b) A "subject of insurance," for the purposes of this section, as to insurance against fire and hazards other than windstorm, earthquake, and other catastrophic hazards, includes all properties insured by the same insurer which are customarily considered by underwriters to be subject to loss or damage from the same fire or the same occurrence of such other hazard insured against. (c) Reinsurance ceded as authorized by Section 27-5-12 shall be deducted in determining risk retained. As to surety risks, deduction shall also be made of the amount assumed by any established incorporated cosurety and the value of any security deposited, pledged or held subject to the surety's consent and for the surety's protection. (d) As to alien insurers, this section shall relate only to risks and surplus to policyholders of the insurer's United States branch. (e) "Surplus to policyholders," for the purposes of this section, in addition to the insurer's capital and surplus, shall be deemed to include any voluntary reserves which are not required pursuant to law and shall be determined from the last sworn statement of the insurer on file with the commissioner or by the last report of examination of the insurer, whichever is the more recent at time of assumption of risk. (f) This section shall not apply to life or disability insurance, title insurance, insurance of wet marine and transportation risks, workmen's compensation insurance, employers' liability coverages, nor to any policy or type of coverage as to which the maximum possible loss to the insurer is not readily ascertainable on issuance of the policy. (g) Limits of risk as to newly formed domestic mutual insurers shall be as provided in Section 27-27-15. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §95.)
AL Code § 27-5-12 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-12 - Reinsurance.

Section 27-5-12Reinsurance. Repealed by Act 2013-209, §2, effective January 1, 2014. (Acts 1971, No. 407, p. 707, §96; Acts 1990, No. 90-767, p. 1566; Acts 1994, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 94-788, p. 87, §1; Act 2003-346, p. 879, §1.)
AL Code § 27-5-13 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5 - Kinds of Insurance; Limits of Risk; Reinsurance.|Section 27-5-13 - Denial of Health or Disability Insurance Coverage Upon Diagnosis of Sickle-Cell Anemia Prohibited.

Section 27-5-13Denial of health or disability insurance coverage upon diagnosis of sickle-cell anemia prohibited. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any insurance company doing business within the state which offers health or disability insurance, is hereby prohibited from denying coverage to applicants because the applicant has been diagnosed as having sickle-cell anemia, and is hereby required to pay any valid claim made involving treatment or care of sickle-cell anemia in accordance with other policy provisions. (Acts 1982, No. 82-542, p. 893, §1.)
AL Code § 27-5A-1 (2021)
2021 Code of Alabama|Title 27 - Insurance.|Chapter 5A - Reinsurance Intermediaries.|Section 27-5A-1 - Short Title.

Section 27-5A-1Short title. This chapter may be cited as the Alabama Reinsurance Intermediary Act. (Acts 1993, No. 93-673, p. 1215, §1.)