reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-302 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 3 - Local Government Tort Claims Act|Section 5-302 - Nature and Extent of Legal Representation

    (a)    Each local government shall provide for its employees a legal defense in any action that alleges damages resulting from tortious acts or omissions committed by an employee within the scope of employment with the local government.    (b)    (1)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person may not execute against an employee on a judgment rendered for tortious acts or omissions committed by the employee within the scope of employment with a local government.        (2)    (i)    An employee shall be fully liable for all damages awarded in an action in which it is found that the employee acted with actual malice.            (ii)    In such circumstances the judgment may be executed against the employee and the local government may seek indemnification for any sums it is required to pay under § 5-303(b)(1) of this subtitle.    (c)    If the injury sustained is compensable under the Maryland Workers’ Compensation Act, an employee may not sue a fellow employee for tortious acts or omissions committed within the scope of employment.    (d)    (1)    The rights and immunities granted to an employee are contingent on the employee’s cooperation in the defense of any action.        (2)    If the employee does not cooperate, the employee forfeits any and all rights and immunities accruing to the employee under subsection (b) of this section.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-303 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 3 - Local Government Tort Claims Act|Section 5-303 - Liability of Government; Defenses

    (a)    (1)    Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the liability of a local government may not exceed $400,000 per an individual claim, and $800,000 per total claims that arise from the same occurrence for damages resulting from tortious acts or omissions, or liability arising under subsection (b) of this section and indemnification under subsection (c) of this section.        (2)    The limits on liability provided under paragraph (1) of this subsection do not include interest accrued on a judgment.    (b)    (1)    Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a local government shall be liable for any judgment against its employee for damages resulting from tortious acts or omissions committed by the employee within the scope of employment with the local government.        (2)    A local government may not assert governmental or sovereign immunity to avoid the duty to defend or indemnify an employee established in this subsection.    (c)    (1)    A local government may not be liable for punitive damages.        (2)    (i)    Subject to subsection (a) of this section and except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, a local government may indemnify an employee for a judgment for punitive damages entered against the employee.            (ii)    A local government may not indemnify a law enforcement officer for a judgment for punitive damages if the law enforcement officer has been found guilty under § 3–108 of the Public Safety Article as a result of the act or omission giving rise to the judgment, if the act or omission would constitute a felony under the laws of this State.        (3)    A local government may not enter into an agreement that requires indemnification for an act or omission of an employee that may result in liability for punitive damages.    (d)    Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, this subtitle does not waive any common law or statutory defense or immunity in existence as of June 30, 1987, and possessed by an employee of a local government.    (e)    A local government may assert on its own behalf any common law or statutory defense or immunity in existence as of June 30, 1987, and possessed by its employee for whose tortious act or omission the claim against the local government is premised and a local government may only be held liable to the extent that a judgment could have been rendered against such an employee under this subtitle.    (f)    (1)    Lexington Market, Inc., in Baltimore City, and its employees, may not raise as a defense a limitation on liability described under § 5–406 of this title.        (2)    Baltimore Public Markets Corporation, in Baltimore City, and its employees, may not raise as a defense a limitation on liability described under § 5–406 of this title.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-304 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 3 - Local Government Tort Claims Act|Section 5-304 - Actions for Unliquidated Damages

    (a)    This section does not apply to an action:        (1)    Against a nonprofit corporation described in § 5–301(d)(23), (24), (25), (26), (28), or (29) of this subtitle or its employees; or        (2)    Brought under § 5–117 of this title.    (b)    (1)    Except as provided in subsections (a) and (d) of this section, an action for unliquidated damages may not be brought against a local government or its employees unless the notice of the claim required by this section is given within 1 year after the injury.        (2)    The notice shall be in writing and shall state the time, place, and cause of the injury.    (c)    (1)    The notice required under this section shall be given in person or by certified mail, return receipt requested, bearing a postmark from the United States Postal Service, by the claimant or the representative of the claimant.        (2)    Except as otherwise provided, if the defendant local government is a county, the notice required under this section shall be given to the county commissioners or county council of the defendant local government.        (3)    If the defendant local government is:            (i)    Baltimore City, the notice shall be given to the City Solicitor;            (ii)    Howard County or Montgomery County, the notice shall be given to the County Executive; and            (iii)    Anne Arundel County, Baltimore County, Frederick County, Harford County, or Prince George’s County, the notice shall be given to the county solicitor or county attorney.        (4)    For any other local government, the notice shall be given to the corporate authorities of the defendant local government.    (d)    Notwithstanding the other provisions of this section, unless the defendant can affirmatively show that its defense has been prejudiced by lack of required notice, upon motion and for good cause shown the court may entertain the suit even though the required notice was not given.    (e)    This section does not apply if, within 1 year after the injury, the defendant local government has actual or constructive notice of:        (1)    The claimant’s injury; or        (2)    The defect or circumstances giving rise to the claimant’s injury.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-401.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-401.1 - Release or Settlement of Claim by Injured Individual

    (a)    (1)    A release of the claim of an injured individual for damages resulting from a tort, signed by the injured individual within 30 days of the infliction of the injuries without the assistance or guidance of an attorney at law, and any power of attorney to or contract of employment with an attorney at law, with reference to recovery of damages for the tort, signed by the individual within  30 days after the infliction of the injuries, shall be voidable at the option of the injured individual within 60 days after the day on which the individual signed the document.        (2)    (i)    Notice that a release is voided under this subsection by the injured individual shall be:                1.    In writing; and                2.    Accompanied by the return of any money paid to the injured individual as a result of the signing of the release.            (ii)    The release is void from the date that the notice is mailed.    (b)    A person whose interest is or may become adverse to an injured individual who is confined to a hospital or sanitarium as a patient may not, within 15 days from the date of the occurrence causing the patient’s injury:        (1)    Negotiate or attempt to negotiate a settlement with the patient;        (2)    Obtain or attempt to obtain a general release of liability from the patient; or        (3)    Obtain or attempt to obtain any statement, either written or oral from the patient, for use in negotiating a settlement or obtaining a release.    (c)    Any settlement agreement entered into or any general release of liability made by any individual who is confined in a hospital or sanitarium after the individual incurs a personal injury may not be used in evidence in any court action relating to the injury and may not be used for any purpose in any legal action in connection with the injury if the settlement agreement or release is obtained contrary to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section.    (d)    A release executed by an individual who has sustained personal injuries does not discharge a subsequent tort–feasor:        (1)    Who is not a party to the release; and        (2)    (i)    Whose responsibility for the individual’s injuries is unknown at the time of execution of the release; or            (ii)    Who is not specifically identified in the release.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-402 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-402 - Civil Liability of Merchant or Owner or Lessee of Motion Picture Theater for Detention or Arrest of Person for Commission of Certain Crimes

    (a)    A merchant or an agent or employee of the merchant who detains or causes the arrest of any person shall not be held civilly liable for detention, slander, malicious prosecution, false imprisonment, or false arrest of the person detained or arrested, whether the detention or arrest takes place by the merchant or by his agent or employee, if in detaining or in causing the arrest of the person, the merchant or the agent or employee of the merchant had, at the time of the detention or arrest, probable cause to believe that the person committed the crime of “theft,” as prohibited by § 7-104 of the Criminal Law Article, of property of the merchant from the premises of the merchant.    (b)    An owner or lessee of a motion picture theater or an agent or employee of the owner or lessee who detains or causes the arrest of any person may not be held civilly liable for detention, defamation, malicious prosecution, false imprisonment, or false arrest of the person detained or arrested, if in detaining or causing the arrest of the person, the owner, lessee, agent, or employee had, at the time of the detention or arrest, probable cause to believe that the person committed in the motion picture theater a violation of § 7-308(e) of the Criminal Law Article.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-403.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-403.1 - Private Nuisance Actions Against Sport Shooting Ranges

    (a)    In this section, “sport shooting range” means an area designed and used for trapshooting, skeetshooting, or other target shooting.    (b)    This section applies only to private nuisance actions and does not apply to public nuisance actions.    (c)    If there has been no shooting activity at a sport shooting range for a period of 3 consecutive years, the date of resumption of shooting activity is considered the date of the establishment of a sport shooting range for purposes of this section.    (d)    (1)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person may not bring a civil nuisance action for noise against a person who owns, operates, or uses a sport shooting range located within the vicinity of the property of the person bringing the action if the sport shooting range was established as of the date the person acquired the property.        (2)    This section may not be construed to limit a nuisance action against a sport shooting range established on or after June 1, 1997.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-404 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-404 - Actions Against Farmers Permitting Gleaning

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    “Agent of a charitable organization” means a person who:            (i)    Is or was a director, officer, or employee of a charitable organization; or            (ii)    On a volunteer basis, is or was providing services or performing duties on behalf of a charitable organization.        (3)    “Charitable organization” means an organization, institution, association, society, or corporation that is exempt from taxation under § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.        (4)    “Farmer” means a person, including a corporation, who engages in an activity conducted solely or primarily for the production of a farm product.        (5)    “Farm product” has the meaning stated in § 10-601 of the Agriculture Article.        (6)    “Glean” means:            (i)    To harvest or collect farm products from the fields of a farmer who grants access to the fields without charging a fee; and            (ii)    To distribute the farm products to needy individuals, including unemployed and low-income individuals.    (b)    Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a farmer is not personally liable for damages in a civil action brought against the farmer for injury to a person or property by a charitable organization or an agent of a charitable organization that the farmer permitted to glean on the farmer’s property.    (c)    This section does not limit any liability that otherwise exists for willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against any dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-408 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-408 - Credit Agreements

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.        (2)    (i)    “Credit agreement” means a covenant, promise, undertaking, commitment, or other agreement by a financial institution to:                1.    Lend money;                2.    Forbear from repayment of money, goods, or things in action;                3.    Forbear from collecting or exercising any right to collect a debt; or                4.    Otherwise extend credit.            (ii)    “Credit agreement” includes agreeing to take or to not take certain actions by a financial institution in connection with an existing or prospective credit agreement.        (3)    “Financial institution” means:            (i)    A bank;            (ii)    A trust company;            (iii)    A savings bank;            (iv)    A savings and loan association; or            (v)    An affiliate or subsidiary of a bank, trust company, savings bank, or savings and loan association.    (b)    A credit agreement is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless it:        (1)    Is in writing;        (2)    Expresses consideration;        (3)    Sets forth the relevant terms and conditions of the agreement; and        (4)    Is signed by the person against whom its enforcement is sought.    (c)    (1)    This section applies only to commercial transactions.        (2)    This section does not apply to:            (i)    Credit agreements made primarily for personal, family, or household purposes; or            (ii)    Credit extended by means of, or in connection with, a credit or charge card.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-409 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-409 - Immunity -- Disclosure of Information Concerning Fire Loss

    In the absence of fraud no insurance company or person who furnishes information on its behalf is liable for damages in a civil action for any oral or written statement made or any other action taken that is necessary to supply information required under § 9-605 of the Public Safety Article.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-410 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-410 - Immunity -- Receivership of Insurer

    (a)    Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no claim of any nature whatsoever that is directly related to the receivership of an insurer shall arise against, and no liability shall be imposed upon, the Insurance Commissioner, deputy commissioner, special deputy commissioner, or any person or entity acting as a receiver of an insurer, including surety, in rehabilitation, liquidation, or conservation as a result of a court order issued on or after January 1, 1985 for any statement made or actions taken or not taken in the good faith exercise of their powers under law.    (b)    The immunity described under subsection (a) of this section may not extend to acts or omissions that are malicious or grossly negligent.    (c)    The immunity described under subsection (a) of this section extends to agents and employees of the receiver.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-411 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-411 - Immunity -- Joint Insurance Association, Member Insurers, Etc

    (a)    There may not be any liability on the part of or cause of action of any nature against an Association member, the Joint Insurance Association or its agents or employees, the Board of Directors, or the Insurance Commissioner or the Commissioner’s representatives for any action taken by them in the performance of their powers and duties under Title 25, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article, except:        (1)    To the extent that it is proven that any of the entities or individuals specified in this subsection actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property, or services, for the amount of the benefit or profit in money, property, or services actually received;        (2)    To the extent that a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to any of the entities or individuals specified in this section is entered in a proceeding based on a finding in the proceeding that the entity’s or individual’s action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding; or        (3)    To the extent that any act of an entity or individual specified in this section was committed in bad faith.    (b)    There may not be any liability on the part of or cause of action of any nature against an Association member, the Joint Insurance Association, the governing committee of the Joint Insurance Association, their agents or employees, or the Insurance Commissioner or the Commissioner’s authorized representatives for any failure to discover defects in the property inspected or for any statements made in any reports and communications concerning the insurability of the property, or in the findings required by the provisions of Title 25, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article or the hearings conducted in connection therewith.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-412 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-412 - Immunity -- Property and Casualty Insurance Guaranty Corporation, Member Insurers, Etc

    There shall be no liability on the part of and no cause of action of any nature shall arise against a member insurer, the Property and Casualty Insurance Guaranty Corporation or its agents or employees, the Board of Directors, or the Insurance Commissioner or the Commissioner’s representatives for any action taken by them in the performance of their powers and duties under Title 9, Subtitle 3 of the Insurance Article.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-413 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-413 - Immunity -- Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Corporation, Member Insurers, Similar Organizations, Etc

    (a)    Except for the payment of assessments as provided under Title 9, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article, there shall be no liability on the part of and no cause of action of any nature shall arise against a member insurer or its agents or employees, the Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Corporation or its agents or employees, members of the Board of Directors, or the Insurance Commissioner or representatives of the Commissioner for any action or omission taken by them in the performance of their powers and duties under Title 9, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article.    (b)    The immunity provided under this section shall apply to the participation in any organization that consists of one or more other State associations or corporations that have purposes similar to the Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Corporation, and to any such organization and its agents or employees.
MD. Courts and Judicial Proceedings Code Ann. §  5-414 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Courts and Judicial Proceedings|Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities|Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities|Section 5-414 - Immunity -- Labor Associations or Organizations

    An association or organization participating or interested in a labor dispute, as those terms are defined under the Labor and Employment Article, or an officer or member of the association or organization, may not be held responsible or liable in a civil action at law or suit in equity, or in any criminal prosecution, for the unlawful acts of individual officers, members, or agents, except on proof by the weight of evidence and without the aid of any presumptions of law or fact, both of:         (1)    The doing of the unlawful acts by persons who are officers, members, or agents of the association or organization; and        (2)    Actual participation in, actual authorization of, or ratification of, the unlawful acts after actual knowledge of the unlawful acts by the association or organization.