reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NY Real Prop L § 235-E (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 235-E - Duty to Provide a Written Receipt.

§  235-e.  Duty  to provide a written receipt. (a) Upon the receipt of the payment of rent for residential premises in the form of cash, or any instrument other than the personal check of the lessee, it shall be  the duty  of  the  lessor,  or any agent of the lessor authorized to receive rent, to provide the  lessee  with  a  written  receipt  containing  the following:   1. The date;   2. The amount;   3. The identity of the premises and period for which paid; and   4. The signature and title of the person receiving the rent.  (b)  A lessee may request, in writing, that a lessor provide a receipt for rent paid by personal check. If such request is made, the lessor, or any agent of the lessor authorized to receive rent,  shall  provide  the lessee  with  the  receipt described in subdivision (a) of this section. Such request shall, unless otherwise specified by the lessee, remain  in effect  for  the  duration  of  such  lessee's tenancy. The lessor shall maintain a record of all cash receipts  for  rent  for  at  least  three years.  (c)  If a payment of rent is personally transmitted to a lessor, or an agent of a lessor authorized to  receive  rent,  the  receipt  for  such payment shall be issued immediately to a lessee. If a payment of rent is transmitted  indirectly  to a lessor, or an agent of a lessor authorized to receive rent, a lessee  shall  be  provided  with  a  receipt  within fifteen days of such lessor or agent's receipt of a rent payment.  (d)  If  a lessor, or an agent of a lessor authorized to receive rent, fails to receive payment for rent within five days of the date specified in a lease agreement, such lessor or agent shall  send  the  lessee,  by certified  mail,  a  written  notice stating the failure to receive such rent payment. The failure of a  lessor,  or  any  agent  of  the  lessor authorized to receive rent, to provide a lessee with a written notice of the  non-payment  of  rent may be used as an affirmative defense by such lessee in an eviction proceeding based on the non-payment of rent.
NY Real Prop L § 235-G (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 235-G - Electronic Billing And/or Payment of Rent.

§  235-g.  Electronic  billing  and/or  payment of rent. 1. A landlord   shall not require a lessee or tenant to use an electronic billing and/or   payment system as the only method for the payment of  rent.  A  landlord   shall  not  assess  any  fee or other charge for a lessee or tenant that   chooses not to use an electronic billing and/or payment system.2. Any agreement by a lessee  or  tenant  of  a  dwelling  waiving  or   modifying  his  or her rights as set forth in this section shall be void   as contrary to public policy.
NY Real Prop L § 235-H (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 235-H - Waiver of Right to Bring a Declaratory Judgment Action.

§  235-h.  Waiver  of right to bring a declaratory judgment action. No   commercial lease shall contain any provision waiving or prohibiting  the   right  of any tenant to bring a declaratory judgment action with respect   to any provision, term  or  condition  of  such  commercial  lease.  The   inclusion  of  any  such waiver provision in a commercial lease shall be   null and void as against public policy.
NY Real Prop L § 235-I (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 235-I - Unreasonable Tenant Fees for Reproductions of Keys.

§  235-i.  Unreasonable  tenant  fees  for  reproductions  of  keys. A   landlord shall not charge a tenant a fee for the reproduction of keys to   a single dwelling greater than one hundred ten  percent  of  the  actual   cost  of  reproduction,  provided  such  limitation shall not apply if a   tenant requires the reproduction of keys for a single dwelling more than   three times in a calendar year.
NY Real Prop L § 236 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 236 - Assignment of Lease of a Deceased Tenant.

§  236.  Assignment of lease of a deceased tenant. Notwithstanding any   contrary provision contained in any lease hereafter made  which  affects   premises  demised  for  residential  use,  or partly for residential and   partly for  professional  use,  the  executor,  administrator  or  legal   representative  of a deceased tenant under such a lease, may request the   landlord thereunder to consent to the assignment of such a lease, or  to   the  subletting  of  the premises demised thereby. Such request shall be   accompanied by the written consent thereto of any co-tenant or guarantor   of such lease and a statement of the name, business and  home  addresses   of the proposed assignee or sublessee. Within ten days after the mailing   of  such request, the landlord may ask the sender thereof for additional   information as will enable the landlord to  determine  if  rejection  of   such request shall be unreasonable. Within thirty days after the mailing   of  the request for consent, or of the additional information reasonably   asked for by the landlord, whichever is later, the landlord shall send a   notice to the sender thereof of his election to terminate said lease  or   to grant or refuse his consent. Landlord's failure to send such a notice   shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  consent  to  the  proposed  assignment  or   subletting. If the landlord consents, said  lease  may  be  assigned  in   accordance with the request provided a written agreement by the assignee   assuming  the performance of the tenant's obligations under the lease is   delivered to  the  landlord  in  form  reasonably  satisfactory  to  the   landlord,  or the premises may be sublet in accordance with the request,   as the case may be, but the estate of the deceased tenant, and any other   tenant thereunder, shall nevertheless remain liable for the  performance   of  tenant's  obligations  under  said lease. If the landlord terminates   said lease or unreasonably refuses his  consent,  said  lease  shall  be   deemed  terminated,  and the estate of the deceased tenant and any other   tenant thereunder shall be discharged from further liability  thereunder   as  of  the last day of the calendar month during which the landlord was   required hereunder to exercise his option. If  the  landlord  reasonably   refuses his consent, said lease shall continue in full force and effect,   subject to the right to make further requests for consent hereunder. Any   request,  notice  or  communication  required  or authorized to be given   hereunder shall be sent by registered or certified mail, return  receipt   requested.  This  act  shall  not  apply to a proprietary lease, viz.: a   lease to, or held by, a tenant entitled thereto by reason  of  ownership   of  stock  in a corporate owner of premises which operates the same on a   cooperative basis. Any waiver of any part of this section shall be  void   as against public policy.
NY Real Prop L § 237 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 237 - Discrimination in Leases With Respect to Bearing of Children.

§  237.  Discrimination in leases with respect to bearing of children.   Any person, firm or corporation owning or having in charge any apartment   house, tenement house or other building or mobile  home  park  used  for   dwelling  purposes  who  shall,  in any lease of any or part of any such   building or mobile home park,  have  a  clause  therein  providing  that   during  the term thereof the tenants shall remain childless or shall not   bear children, shall be guilty of a violation.
NY Real Prop L § 237-A (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 237-A - Discrimination Against Children in Dwelling Houses and Manufactured Home Parks.

§  237-a.  Discrimination  against  children  in  dwelling  houses and manufactured home parks. a. Any person, firm or  corporation  owning  or having  in  charge any apartment house, tenement house or other building or manufactured home park used for dwelling purposes who shall refuse to rent any or part of any such building or manufactured home park  to  any person  or  family,  or  who  discriminates in the terms, conditions, or privileges of any such rental, solely on the ground that such person  or family  has or have a child or children shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not  less  than fifty  nor  more  than  one  hundred dollars for each offense; provided, however, the prohibition  against  discrimination  against  children  in dwelling  houses  and  manufactured home parks contained in this section shall not apply to:  (1)  housing  units  for  senior  citizens  subsidized,  insured,   or guaranteed by the federal government; or  (2)  one  or two family owner occupied dwelling houses or manufactured homes; or  (3) manufactured home parks intended and  operated  for  occupancy  by persons fifty-five years of age or older. In determining whether housing is  intended  and  operated for occupancy by persons fifty-five years of age or older, Sec. 807(b)(2)(c)(42 U.S.C. 3607(b)(2)(c)) of the  federal Fair Housing Act of 1988, as amended, shall apply.   b. Civil liability:  (1)  where  discriminatory  conduct  prohibited  by  this  section has occurred, an aggrieved individual shall have a cause of  action  in  any court   of   appropriate   jurisdiction  for  damages,  declaratory  and injunctive relief;  (2) in all actions brought under this section,  reasonable  attorney's fees  as  determined  by  the  court  may  be  awarded  to  a prevailing plaintiff.
NY Real Prop L § 238-A (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant 238-A - Limitation on Fees.

§  238-a.  Limitation  on  fees. In relation to a residential dwelling unit:   1. (a) Except in instances where statutes or regulations provide for a payment, fee or charge, no landlord, lessor, sub-lessor or  grantor  may demand  any  payment,  fee,  or  charge  for  the  processing, review or acceptance of an application, or demand any other payment, fee or charge before or at the beginning of the tenancy, except background checks  and credit checks as provided by paragraph (b) of this subdivision, provided that  this  subdivision  shall  not  apply  to  entrance fees charged by continuing care retirement  communities  licensed  pursuant  to  article forty-six  or  forty-six-A  of  the  public  health law, assisted living providers licensed pursuant to article forty-six-B of the public  health law,  adult  care  facilities  licensed pursuant to article seven of the social services law, senior residential communities that have  submitted an  offering plan to the attorney general, or not-for-profit independent retirement  communities  that   offer   personal   emergency   response, housekeeping, transportation and meals to their residents.  (b) A landlord, lessor, sub-lessor or grantor may charge a fee or fees to  reimburse  costs  associated  with conducting a background check and credit check, provided the cumulative fee or fees for such checks is  no more  than  the  actual cost of the background check and credit check or twenty dollars, whichever is less, and the landlord, lessor,  sub-lessor or  grantor shall waive the fee or fees if the potential tenant provides a copy of a background check or credit check conducted within  the  past thirty days. The landlord, lessor, sub-lessor or grantor may not collect the  fee  or  fees  unless  the  landlord, lessor, sub-lessor or grantor provides the potential tenant with a copy of  the  background  check  or credit  check  and the receipt or invoice from the entity conducting the background check or credit check.   2. No landlord, lessor, sub-lessor or grantor may demand any  payment, fee,  or  charge for the late payment of rent unless the payment of rent has not been made within five days of the date  it  was  due,  and  such payment,  fee,  or charge shall not exceed fifty dollars or five percent of the monthly rent, whichever is less.   3. Any provision of a  lease  or  contract  waiving  or  limiting  the provisions of this section shall be void as against public policy.
NY Real Prop L § 239 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239 - Legislative Findings.

§  239.  Legislative  findings.  The  legislature  recognizes that the   ever-increasing cost of home heating has resulted in widespread consumer   interest in the use of portable kerosene heaters.  Because  there  is  a   wide  variety  of  kerosene  heaters,  including  different  designs and   intended purposes, the public interest requires that those heaters which   are  used  in  residential  structures  meet  certain  safety  standards   designed  to  insure  that  they  are  reasonably safe for that purpose.   Accordingly, it is the intent of this article to protect the  public  by   establishing  standards  which  will  permit  the use of reasonably safe   heaters in residential structures.
NY Real Prop L § 239-B (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239-B - Only Approved Portable Kerosene Heaters Permitted in Structures.

§   239-b.  Only  approved  portable  kerosene  heaters  permitted  in   structures. Portable kerosene heaters which do not meet the requirements   of subdivision seven  of  section  two  hundred  thirty-nine-a  of  this   article  are  prohibited  in  structures.  It  shall be unlawful for any   person (1) to use  any  portable  kerosene  heater  except  an  approved   portable kerosene heater in any portion of a structure, or (2) being the   owner  of such structure, to provide or place or cause to be provided or   placed in any portion of  a  structure,  any  portable  kerosene  heater   except  an  approved portable kerosene heater for use by any occupant of   such structure.
NY Real Prop L § 239-C (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239-C - Approval by the Secretary of State.

§  239-c.  Approval  by  the  secretary  of  state. After April first,   nineteen hundred  eighty-two,  no  portable  kerosene  heater  shall  be   offered for sale in this state for use in a structure unless it has been   approved  by  the  secretary  of  state  or his designee. In determining   whether to approve a portable kerosene heater for sale, the secretary of   state shall consider whether the heater  meets  (1)  the  standards  set   forth  in subdivision seven of section two hundred thirty-nine-a of this   article, and (2) any additional standards which the secretary  of  state   reasonably  believes  are  required  to  effectuate the purposes of this   article as set forth in section two hundred thirty-nine of this article.   The secretary of state may promulgate reasonable rules  and  regulations   setting  forth  the procedure by which portable kerosene heaters will be   reviewed for approval.
NY Real Prop L § 239-D (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239-D - Sale of Unapproved Portable Kerosene Heaters.

§  239-d. Sale of unapproved portable kerosene heaters. All unapproved   portable kerosene heaters offered for sale  in  this  state  shall  have   printed  thereon  or  attached  thereto and on the package in which such   heater is sold the following statement: "This heater is not approved for   residential or commercial use." There shall also be printed  thereon  or   attached  thereto  and  on the package in which such heater is sold such   other information as may be required by the secretary of state.
NY Real Prop L § 239-E (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239-E - Portable Kerosene Heaters Prohibited in Multiple Dwellings.

§  239-e.  Portable kerosene heaters prohibited in multiple dwellings.   It shall be unlawful to use any portable kerosene heater in  a  multiple   dwelling.
NY Real Prop L § 239-F (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239-F - Penalties for Violation.

§  239-f.  Penalties  for  violation. Any person who shall violate any   provision of this article shall be guilty of a  misdemeanor,  punishable   for  each  offense  by  a  fine  not exceeding one hundred dollars or by   imprisonment for a period of not more than ninety days.
NY Real Prop L § 239-G (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters 239-G - Application of Article.

§  239-g.  Application  of  article.  1.  This  article  shall  not be   applicable to any city having a population in  excess  of  five  hundred   thousand.2.  Nothing  in  this article shall be construed to permit the sale or   use of any portable kerosene heater in any municipality  in  which  such   use or sale is restricted or prohibited by any general, special or local   law or rule or regulation.
NY Real Prop L § 240 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 240 - Definitions and Use of Terms.

§  240.  Definitions  and  use of terms. 1. The term "heirs," or other   words of inheritance, are not requisite to create or convey an estate in   fee.2. The term "conveyance," as used  in  this  article,  includes  every   instrument,  in  writing, except a will, by which any estate or interest   in real property is created, transferred, assigned or surrendered.3. Every instrument creating, transferring, assigning or  surrendering   an  estate  or  interest in real property must be construed according to   the intent of the parties, so far as such intent can  be  gathered  from   the whole instrument, and is consistent with the rules of law.4.  The  terms  "estate" and "interest in real property" include every   such estate and interest,  freehold  or  chattel,  legal  or  equitable,   present or future, vested or contingent.
NY Real Prop L § 240-B (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 240-B - Certain Conveyances Authorized; Effect Thereof.

§ 240-b. Certain conveyances authorized; effect thereof. 1. Any person   or persons owning real property or an interest in real property which he   or  they  have  power to convey, may effectively convey such property or   interest by a conveyance naming himself or themselves and another person   or persons, or one or more of themselves and  another  person  or  other   persons,  as  grantees,  and  the  conveyance  has the same effect as to   whether it creates an estate in severalty, a joint tenancy, or a tenancy   by the entirety, or tenancy in common, as if it were a conveyance from a   stranger who owned the property or interest  to  the  persons  named  as   grantees in the conveyance.2. Any two or more persons owning real property or an interest in real   property  which  they  have power to convey, may effectively convey such   property or interest by a conveyance naming one, or more  than  one,  or   all  such  persons, as grantees, and the conveyance has the same effect,   as to whether it creates an estate in severalty, or a joint tenancy,  or   a  tenancy  by  the  entirety,  or  tenancy  in  common, as if it were a   conveyance from a stranger who owned the property  or  interest  to  the   persons named as grantees in the conveyance.3.  As  used  in  this  section,  "person" may be a married person and   "persons" may be persons married to each other.
NY Real Prop L § 240-C (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 240-C - Joint Tenancy Severance.

§ 240-c. Joint tenancy severance. 1. In addition to any other means by which a joint tenancy with right of survivorship may be severed, a joint tenant  may  unilaterally sever a joint tenancy in real property without consent of any non-severing joint tenant or tenants by:  (a) Execution and delivery of a deed that conveys legal title  to  the severing  joint  tenant's  interest  to  a  third person, whether or not pursuant to an agreement requiring the third person  to  reconvey  legal title to the severing joint tenant; or  (b)  Execution  of  a  written instrument that evidences the intent to sever the joint tenancy, including a deed that names the severing tenant as the direct grantee of the severing tenant's interest.   2. No severance of a joint tenancy pursuant to subdivision one of this section shall terminate the right of survivorship  of  any  non-severing joint  tenant or tenants as to the severing tenant's interest unless the deed or written instrument effecting the severance is recorded, prior to the death of the severing tenant, in the county where the real  property is located.   3. Nothing in this section shall limit the manner or effect of:  (a)  A  severance  of a joint tenancy pursuant to a written instrument executed by all joint tenants, or pursuant to a written agreement of all joint tenants.  (b) A severance of a joint tenancy effected by a  deed  from  a  joint tenant to another joint tenant.  (c) A severance ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction.
NY Real Prop L § 241 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 241 - Ancient Conveyances Abolished.

§  241. Ancient conveyances abolished. The conveyance of real property   by feoffment, with livery of seizin, or by fines, or common  recoveries,   is abolished.
NY Real Prop L § 243 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 243 - Grant of Fee or Freehold.

§  243.  Grant  of  fee  or  freehold. A grant in fee or of a freehold   estate, must be subscribed  by  the  person  from  whom  the  estate  or   interest  conveyed is intended to pass, or by his lawful agent thereunto   authorized in writing. If not duly  acknowledged  before  its  delivery,   according  to the provisions of this chapter, its execution and delivery   must be attested by at least one witness, or, if  not  so  attested,  it   does  not  take effect as against a subsequent purchaser or incumbrancer   until so acknowledged.
NY Real Prop L § 244 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 244 - When Grant Takes Effect.

§  244.  When  grant takes effect. A grant takes effect, so as to vest   the estate or interest intended to be conveyed, only from its  delivery;   and  all  the  rules of law, now in force, in respect to the delivery of   deeds, apply to grants hereafter executed.
NY Real Prop L § 245 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 245 - Estate Which Passes by Grant or Devise.

§  245.  Estate  which passes by grant or devise. A grant or devise of   real property passes all the  estate  or  interest  of  the  grantor  or   testator  unless the intent to pass a less estate or interest appears by   the express terms of such grant or devise or  by  necessary  implication   therefrom.  A  greater  estate or interest does not pass by any grant or   conveyance, than the grantor possessed or could lawfully convey, at  the   time of the delivery of the deeds; except that every grant is conclusive   against  the  grantor and his heirs claiming from him by descent, and as   against a subsequent purchaser or incumbrancer  from  such  grantor,  or   from  such  heirs claiming as such, other than a subsequent purchaser or   incumbrancer in  good  faith  and  for  a  valuable  consideration,  who   acquires  a  superior  title  by  a  conveyance that has been first duly   recorded.
NY Real Prop L § 246 (2021)
2021 New York Laws RPP - Real Property Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages 246 - Certain Deeds Declared Grants.

§  246.  Certain deeds declared grants. Deeds of bargain and sale, and   of lease and release, may continue to be used;  and  are  to  be  deemed   grants, subject to all the provisions of law in relation thereto.