reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Civ Code § 1468 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 1 - OBLIGATIONS IN GENERAL|TITLE 3 - TRANSFER OF OBLIGATIONS|Section 1468.

1468.  Each covenant, made by an owner of land with the owner of other land or made by a grantor of land with the grantee of land conveyed, or made by the grantee of land conveyed with the grantor thereof, to do or refrain from doing some act on his own land, which doing or refraining is expressed to be for the benefit of the land of the convenantee, runs with both the land owned by or granted to the covenantor and the land owned by or granted to the covenantee and shall, except as provided by Section 1466, or as specifically provided in the instrument creating such covenant, and notwithstanding the provisions of Section 1465, benefit or be binding upon each successive owner, during his ownership, of any portion of such land affected thereby and upon each person having any interest therein derived through any owner thereof where all of the following requirements are met:(a) The land of the covenantor which is to be affected by such covenants, and the land of covenantee to be benefited, are particularly described in the instrument containing such covenants;(b) Such successive owners of the land are in such instrument expressed to be bound thereby for the benefit of the land owned by, granted by, or granted to the covenantee;(c) Each such act relates to the use, repair, maintenance or improvement of, or payment of taxes and assessments on, such land or some part thereof, or if the land owned by or granted to each consists of undivided interests in the same parcel or parcels, the suspension of the right of partition or sale in lieu of partition for a period which is reasonable in relation to the purpose of the covenant;(d) The instrument containing such covenants is recorded in the office of the recorder of each county in which such land or some part thereof is situated.Where several persons are subject to the burden of any such covenant, it shall be apportioned among them pursuant to Section 1467, except that where only a portion of such land is so affected thereby, such apportionment shall be only among the several owners of such portion. This section shall apply to the mortgagee, trustee or beneficiary of a mortgage or deed of trust upon such land or any part thereof while but only while he, in such capacity, is in possession thereof. (Amended by Stats. 1973, Ch. 474.)
CA Civ Code § 1469 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 1 - OBLIGATIONS IN GENERAL|TITLE 3 - TRANSFER OF OBLIGATIONS|Section 1469.

1469.  Each covenant made by the lessor in a lease of real property to do any act or acts on other real property which is owned by the lessor and is contiguous (except for intervening public streets, alleys or sidewalks) to the real property demised to the lessee shall, except as provided by Section 1466, be binding upon each successive owner, during his ownership, of any portion of such contiguous real property affected thereby where all of the following requirements are met:(a) Such contiguous real property is particularly described in the lease;(b) Such successive owners are in the lease expressed to be bound thereby for the benefit of the demised real property;(c) Each such act relates to the use, repair, maintenance or improvement of, or payment of taxes and assessments on, such contiguous real property or some part thereof;(d) The lease is recorded in the same manner as grants of real property, in the office of the recorder of each county in which such contiguous real property or some part thereof is situate. Such lease shall include the description of any such contiguous land described in any unrecorded instrument, the contents of which unrecorded instrument are incorporated by reference in such recorded lease. Where several persons are subject to the burden of any such covenant, it shall be apportioned among them pursuant to Section 1467, except that where only a portion of such contiguous real property is so affected thereby, such apportionment shall be only among the several owners of such portion. This section shall apply to the mortgagee, trustee or beneficiary of a mortgage or deed of trust upon such contiguous real property or any part thereof while but only while he, in such capacity, is in possession thereof.(Amended by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1502.)
CA Civ Code § 1470 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 1 - OBLIGATIONS IN GENERAL|TITLE 3 - TRANSFER OF OBLIGATIONS|Section 1470.

1470.  Each covenant made by the lessor in a lease of real property not to use or permit to be used contrary to the terms of such lease any other real property which is owned by the lessor and is contiguous (except for intervening public streets, alleys or sidewalks) to the real property demised to the lessee shall, except as provided by Section 1466, be binding upon each successive owner, during his ownership, of any portion of such contiguous real property affected thereby and upon each person having any interest therein derived through any owner thereof where all of the following requirements are met:(a) Such contiguous real property is particularly described in the lease;(b) Such successive owners and persons having any such interest are in the lease expressed to be bound thereby for the benefit of the demised real property; (c) The lease is recorded in the same manner as grants of real property, in the office of the recorder of each county in which such contiguous real property or some part thereof is situate. Such lease shall include therein the description of any such contiguous land described in any unrecorded instrument, the contents of which unrecorded instrument are incorporated by reference in such recorded lease.Where several persons are subject to the burden of any such covenant, it shall be apportioned among them pursuant to Section 1467, except that where only a portion of such contiguous real property is so affected thereby, such apportionment shall be only among the several owners of, and persons having any such interest in, such portion. This section shall apply to the mortgagee, trustee or beneficiary of a mortgage or deed of trust upon such contiguous real property or any part thereof while and only while he, in such capacity, is in possession thereof.(Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 2054.)
CA Civ Code § 1619 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1619.

1619.  A contract is either express or implied.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1620 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1620.

1620.  An express contract is one, the terms of which are stated in words.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1621 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1621.

1621.  An implied contract is one, the existence and terms of which are manifested by conduct.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1622 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1622.

1622.  All contracts may be oral, except such as are specially required by statute to be in writing.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1623 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1623.

1623.  Where a contract, which is required by law to be in writing, is prevented from being put into writing by the fraud of a party thereto, any other party who is by such fraud led to believe that it is in writing, and acts upon such belief to his prejudice, may enforce it against the fraudulent party.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1624.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1624.5.

1624.5.  (a) Except in the cases described in subdivision (b), a contract for the sale of personal property is not enforceable by way of action or defense beyond five thousand dollars ($5,000) in amount or value of remedy unless there is some record, as defined in subdivision (m) of Section 1633.2, but solely to the extent permitted by applicable law, that indicates that a contract for sale has been made between the parties at a defined or stated price, reasonably identifies the subject matter, and is signed, including by way of electronic signature, as defined in subdivision (h) of Section 1633.2, but solely to the extent permitted by applicable law, by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by his or her authorized agent.(b) Subdivision (a) does not apply to contracts governed by the Commercial Code, including contracts for the sale of goods (Section 2201 of the Commercial Code), contracts for the sale of securities (Section 8113 of the Commercial Code), and security agreements (Sections 9201 and 9203 of the Commercial Code).(c) Subdivision (a) does not apply to a qualified financial contract as that term is defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 1624 if either of the following exists:(1) There is, as provided in paragraph (3) of subdivision (b) of Section 1624, sufficient evidence to indicate that a contract has been made.(2) The parties thereto, by means of a prior or subsequent written contract, have agreed to be bound by the terms of the qualified financial contract from the time they reach agreement (by telephone, by exchange of electronic messages, or otherwise) on those terms.(Added by Stats. 2006, Ch. 254, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2007.)
CA Civ Code § 1625 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1625.

1625.  The execution of a contract in writing, whether the law requires it to be written or not, supersedes all the negotiations or stipulations concerning its matter which preceded or accompanied the execution of the instrument.(Amended by Stats. 1905, Ch. 451.)
CA Civ Code § 1626 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1626.

1626.  A contract in writing takes effect upon its delivery to the party in whose favor it is made, or to his agent.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1627 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1627.

1627.  The provisions of the Chapter on Transfers in General, concerning the delivery of grants, absolute and conditional, apply to all written contracts.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1628 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1628.

1628.  A corporate or official seal may be affixed to an instrument by a mere impression upon the paper or other material on which such instrument is written.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1629 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1629.

1629.  All distinctions between sealed and unsealed instruments are abolished.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Civ Code § 1630 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1630.

1630.  Except as provided in Section 1630.5, a printed contract of bailment providing for the parking or storage of a motor vehicle shall not be binding, either in whole or in part, on the vehicle owner or on the person who leaves the vehicle with another, unless the contract conforms to the following:(a) “This contract limits our liability—read it” is printed at the top in capital letters of 10-point type or larger.(b) All the provisions of the contract are printed legibly in eight-point type or larger.(c) Acceptance of benefits under a contract included within the provisions of this section shall not be construed a waiver of this section, and it shall be unlawful to issue such a contract on condition that provisions of this section are waived.A copy of the contract printed in large type, in an area at least 17 by 22 inches, shall be posted in a conspicuous place at each entrance of the parking lot. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the enactment of city ordinances on this subject that are not less restrictive, and such enactments are expressly authorized.(Amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 1277.)
CA Civ Code § 1630.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1630.5.

1630.5.  The provisions of any contract of bailment for the parking or storage of a motor vehicle shall not exempt the bailee from liability, either in whole or in part, for the theft of any motor vehicle, when such motor vehicle is parked or stored with such bailee, and the keys are required by such bailee to be left in the parked or stored vehicle.(Added by Stats. 1970, Ch. 1277.)
CA Civ Code § 1631 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2 - MANNER OF CREATING CONTRACTS|Section 1631.

1631.  Every person in this State who sells machinery used or to be used for mining purposes shall, at the time of sale, give to the buyer a bill of sale for the machinery. The seller shall keep a written record of the sale, giving the date thereof, describing the machinery, and showing the name and address of the buyer, and the buyer, if in this State, shall keep a record of his purchase, giving the name and address of the seller, describing the machinery, and showing the date of the purchase.(Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 222.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.1.

1633.1.  This title may be cited as the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.4.

1633.4.  This title applies to any electronic record or electronic signature created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored on or after January 1, 2000.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.5.

1633.5.  (a) This title does not require a record or signature to be created, generated, sent, communicated, received, stored, or otherwise processed or used by electronic means or in electronic form.(b) This title applies only to a transaction between parties each of which has agreed to conduct the transaction by electronic means. Whether the parties agree to conduct a transaction by electronic means is determined from the context and surrounding circumstances, including the parties’ conduct. Except for a separate and optional agreement the primary purpose of which is to authorize a transaction to be conducted by electronic means, an agreement to conduct a transaction by electronic means may not be contained in a standard form contract that is not an electronic record. An agreement in such a standard form contract may not be conditioned upon an agreement to conduct transactions by electronic means. An agreement to conduct a transaction by electronic means may not be inferred solely from the fact that a party has used electronic means to pay an account or register a purchase or warranty. This subdivision may not be varied by agreement.(c) A party that agrees to conduct a transaction by electronic means may refuse to conduct other transactions by electronic means. If a seller sells goods or services by both electronic and nonelectronic means and a buyer purchases the goods or services by conducting the transaction by electronic means, the buyer may refuse to conduct further transactions regarding the goods or services by electronic means. This subdivision may not be varied by agreement.(d) Except as otherwise provided in this title, the effect of any of its provisions may be varied by agreement. The presence in certain provisions of this title of the words “unless otherwise agreed,” or words of similar import, does not imply that the effect of other provisions may not be varied by agreement.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.6.

1633.6.  This title shall be construed and applied according to all of the following:(1) To facilitate electronic transactions consistent with other applicable law.(2) To be consistent with reasonable practices concerning electronic transactions and with the continued expansion of those practices.(3) To effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this title among states enacting it.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.7.

1633.7.  (a) A record or signature may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form.(b) A contract may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because an electronic record was used in its formation.(c) If a law requires a record to be in writing, an electronic record satisfies the law.(d) If a law requires a signature, an electronic signature satisfies the law.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.8.

1633.8.  (a) If parties have agreed to conduct a transaction by electronic means and a law requires a person to provide, send, or deliver information in writing to another person, that requirement is satisfied if the information is provided, sent, or delivered, as the case may be, in an electronic record capable of retention by the recipient at the time of receipt. An electronic record is not capable of retention by the recipient if the sender or its information processing system inhibits the ability of the recipient to print or store the electronic record.(b) If a law other than this title requires a record to be posted or displayed in a certain manner, to be sent, communicated, or transmitted by a specified method, or to contain information that is formatted in a certain manner, all of the following rules apply:(1) The record shall be posted or displayed in the manner specified in the other law.(2) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (2) of subdivision (d), the record shall be sent, communicated, or transmitted by the method specified in the other law.(3) The record shall contain the information formatted in the manner specified in the other law.(c) If a sender inhibits the ability of a recipient to store or print an electronic record, the electronic record is not enforceable against the recipient.(d) The requirements of this section may not be varied by agreement, except as follows:(1) To the extent a law other than this title requires information to be provided, sent, or delivered in writing but permits that requirement to be varied by agreement, the requirement under subdivision (a) that the information be in the form of an electronic record capable of retention may also be varied by agreement.(2) A requirement under a law other than this title to send, communicate, or transmit a record by first-class mail may be varied by agreement to the extent permitted by the other law.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.9 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.9.

1633.9.  (a) An electronic record or electronic signature is attributable to a person if it was the act of the person. The act of the person may be shown in any manner, including a showing of the efficacy of any security procedure applied to determine the person to which the electronic record or electronic signature was attributable.(b) The effect of an electronic record or electronic signature attributed to a person under subdivision (a) is determined from the context and surrounding circumstances at the time of its creation, execution, or adoption, including the parties’ agreement, if any, and otherwise as provided by law.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.10 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.10.

1633.10.  If a change or error in an electronic record occurs in a transmission between parties to a transaction, the following rules apply:(1) If the parties have agreed to use a security procedure to detect changes or errors and one party has conformed to the procedure, but the other party has not, and the nonconforming party would have detected the change or error had that party also conformed, the conforming party may avoid the effect of the changed or erroneous electronic record.(2) In an automated transaction involving an individual, the individual may avoid the effect of an electronic record that resulted from an error made by the individual in dealing with the electronic agent of another person if the electronic agent did not provide an opportunity for the prevention or correction of the error and, at the time the individual learns of the error, all of the following conditions are met:(i) The individual promptly notifies the other person of the error and that the individual did not intend to be bound by the electronic record received by the other person.(ii) The individual takes reasonable steps, including steps that conform to the other person’s reasonable instructions, to return to the other person or, if instructed by the other person, to destroy the consideration received, if any, as a result of the erroneous electronic record.(iii)The individual has not used or received any benefit or value from the consideration, if any, received from the other person.(3) If neither paragraph (1) nor (2) applies, the change or error has the effect provided by other law, including the law of mistake, and the parties’ contract, if any.(4) Paragraphs (2) and (3) may not be varied by agreement.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Civ Code § 1633.11 (2021)
2021 California Code|Civil Code - CIV|DIVISION 3 - OBLIGATIONS|PART 2 - CONTRACTS|TITLE 2.5 - ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS|Section 1633.11.

1633.11.  (a) If a law requires that a signature be notarized, the requirement is satisfied with respect to an electronic signature if an electronic record includes, in addition to the electronic signature to be notarized, the electronic signature of a notary public together with all other information required to be included in a notarization by other applicable law.(b) In a transaction, if a law requires that a statement be signed under penalty of perjury, the requirement is satisfied with respect to an electronic signature, if an electronic record includes, in addition to the electronic signature, all of the information as to which the declaration pertains together with a declaration under penalty of perjury by the person who submits the electronic signature that the information is true and correct.(Added by Stats. 1999, Ch. 428, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)