reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
KS Stat § 22-3407 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3407 Motion to discharge jury panel.

22-3407. Motion to discharge jury panel. (1) Any objection to the manner in which a jury panel has been selected or drawn shall be raised by a motion to discharge the jury panel. The motion shall be made at least five days prior to the date set for trial if the names and addresses of the panel members and the grounds for objection thereto are known to the parties or can be learned by an inspection of the records of the clerk of the district court at that time; in other cases the motion must be made prior to the time when the jury is sworn to try the case. For good cause shown, the court may entertain the motion at any time thereafter.(2) The motion shall be in writing and shall state facts which, if true, show that the jury panel was improperly selected or drawn.(3) If the motion states facts which, if true, show that the jury panel has been improperly selected or drawn, it shall be the duty of the court to conduct a hearing. The burden of proof shall be on the movant.(4) If the court finds that the jury panel was improperly selected or drawn, the court shall order the jury panel discharged and the selection or drawing of a new panel in the manner provided by law.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3407; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3408 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3408 Trial jurors.

22-3408. Trial jurors. (1) When drawn, a list of prospective jurors shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the court and shall be a public record.(2) (a) The qualifications of jurors and grounds for exemption from jury service in civil cases shall be applicable in criminal trials, except as otherwise provided by law.(b) An exemption from service on a jury is not a basis for challenge, but is the privilege of the person exempted.(3) The prosecuting attorney and the defendant or the defendant's attorney shall conduct the examination of prospective jurors. The court may conduct an additional examination. The court may limit the examination by the defendant, the defendant's attorney or the prosecuting attorney if the court believes such examination to be harassment, is causing unnecessary delay or serves no useful purpose.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3408; L. 2017, ch. 73, § 1; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3409 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3409 Summoning jurors in misdemeanor case.

22-3409. Summoning jurors in misdemeanor case. When a jury trial is demanded, as provided by law, for misdemeanor cases, the judge shall summon not less than 12 prospective jurors from the source and in the manner provided for the summoning of other petit jurors in the district court in the county.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3409; L. 1976, ch. 163, § 20; L. 1981, ch. 154, § 2; L. 1984, ch. 39, § 42; L. 1996, ch. 214, § 34; L. 1998, ch. 192, § 6; May 28.
KS Stat § 22-3410 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3410 Challenges for cause.

22-3410. Challenges for cause. (1) Each party may challenge any prospective juror for cause. Challenges for cause shall be tried by the court.(2) A juror may be challenged for cause on any of the following grounds:(a) He is related to the defendant, or a person alleged to have been injured by the crime charged or the person on whose complaint the prosecution was begun, by consanguinity within the sixth degree, or is the spouse of any person so related.(b) He is attorney, client, employer, employee, landlord, tenant, debtor, creditor or a member of the household of the defendant or a person alleged to have been injured by the crime charged or the person on whose complaint the prosecution was instituted.(c) He is or has been a party adverse to the defendant in a civil action, or has complained against or been accused by him in a criminal prosecution.(d) He has served on the grand jury which returned the indictment or on a coroner's jury which inquired into the death of a person whose death is the subject of the indictment or information, or on any other investigatory body which inquired into the facts of the crime charged.(e) He was a juror at a former trial of the same cause.(f) He was a juror in a civil action against the defendant arising out of the act charged as a crime.(g) He was a witness to the act or acts alleged to constitute the crime.(h) He occupies a fiduciary relationship to the defendant or a person alleged to have been injured by the crime or the person on whose complaint the prosecution was instituted.(i) His state of mind with reference to the case or any of the parties is such that the court determines there is doubt that he can act impartially and without prejudice to the substantial rights of any party.(3) All challenges for cause must be made before the jury is sworn to try the case.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3410; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3411a (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3411a Felony trials; number of jurors.

22-3411a. Felony trials; number of jurors. In all felony trials, upon the request of either the prosecution or the defendant, the court shall cause enough jurors to be called, examined, and passed for cause before any peremptory challenges are required, so that there will remain sufficient jurors, after the number of peremptory challenges allowed by law for the case on trial shall have been exhausted, to enable the court to cause 12 jurors to be sworn to try the case.History: L. 1981, ch. 155, § 2; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3413 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3413 Juror's knowledge of material fact.

22-3413. Juror's knowledge of material fact. If a juror has personal knowledge of any fact material to the case, he must inform the court and shall not speak of such fact to other jurors out of court. If a juror has personal knowledge of a fact material to the case, gained from sources other than evidence presented at trial and shall speak of such fact to other jurors without the knowledge of the court or the defendant, he may be adjudged in contempt and punished accordingly.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3413; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3414 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3414 Order of trial.

22-3414. Order of trial. (1) The prosecuting attorney shall state the case and offer evidence in support of the prosecution. The defendant may make an opening statement prior to the prosecution's offer of evidence, or may make such statement and offer evidence in support of such statement after the prosecution rests.(2) The parties may then respectively offer rebutting testimony only, unless the court, for good cause, permits them to offer evidence upon their original case.(3) At the close of the evidence or at such earlier time during the trial as the judge reasonably directs, any party may file written requests that the court instruct the jury on the law as set forth in the requests. The judge shall instruct the jury at the close of the evidence before argument and the judge, in the judge's discretion, after the opening statements, may instruct the jury on such matters as in the judge's opinion will assist the jury in considering the evidence as it is presented. In cases where there is some evidence which would reasonably justify a conviction of some lesser included crime as provided in subsection  (b) of K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 21-5109, and amendments thereto, the judge shall instruct the jury as to the crime charged and any such lesser included crime.The court shall pass upon the objections to the instructions and shall either give each instruction as requested or proposed or refuse to do so, or give the requested instruction with modification. All instructions given or requested must be filed as a part of the record of the case.The court reporter shall record all objections to the instructions given or refused by the court, together with modifications made, and the rulings of the court.No party may assign as error the giving or failure to give an instruction, including a lesser included crime instruction, unless the party objects thereto before the jury retires to consider its verdict stating distinctly the matter to which the party objects and the grounds of the objection unless the instruction or the failure to give an instruction is clearly erroneous. Opportunity shall be given to make the objections out of the hearing of the jury.(4) When the jury has been instructed, unless the case is submitted to the jury on either side or on both sides without argument, the prosecuting attorney may commence and may conclude the argument. If there is more than one defendant, the court shall determine their relative order in presentation of evidence and argument. In arguing the case, comment may be made upon the law of the case as given in the instructions, as well as upon the evidence.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3414; L. 1971, ch. 114, § 7; L. 1998, ch. 185, § 3; L. 2011, ch. 30, § 127; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3415 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3415 Laws applicable to witnesses; immunity from prosecution or punishment.

22-3415. Laws applicable to witnesses; immunity from prosecution or punishment. (a) The provisions of law in civil cases relative to compelling the attendance and testimony of witnesses, their examination, the administration of oaths and affirmations, and proceedings as for contempt, to enforce the remedies and protect the rights of the parties, shall extend to criminal cases so far as they are in their nature applicable, unless other provision is made by statute.(b) The county or district attorney or the attorney general may at any time, on behalf of the state, grant in writing to any person:(1) Transactional immunity. Any person granted transactional immunity shall not be prosecuted for any crime which has been committed for which such immunity is granted or for any other transactions arising out of the same incident.(2) Use and derivative immunity. Any person granted use and derivative use immunity may be prosecuted for any crime, but the state shall not use any testimony against such person provided under a grant of such immunity or any evidence derived from such testimony. Any defendant may file with the court a motion to suppress in writing to prevent the state from using evidence on the grounds that the evidence was derived from and obtained against the defendant as a result of testimony or statements made under such grant of immunity. The motion shall state facts supporting the allegations. Upon a hearing on such motion, the state shall have the burden to prove by clear and convincing evidence that the evidence was obtained independently and from a collateral source.(c) Any person granted immunity under either or both of subsection (b)(1) or (2) may not refuse to testify on grounds that such testimony may self incriminate unless such testimony may form the basis for a violation of federal law for which immunity under federal law has not been conferred. No person shall be compelled to testify in any proceeding where the person is a defendant.(d) No immunity shall be granted for perjury as provided in K.S.A. 2021 Supp. 21-5903, and amendments thereto, which was committed in giving such evidence.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3415; L. 1972, ch. 122, § 1; L. 1999, ch. 56, § 3; L. 2011, ch. 30, § 128; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3416 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3416 Prisoner as witness.

22-3416. Prisoner as witness. No prisoner in the custody of the secretary of corrections shall be required to attend as a witness in any criminal action or proceeding except on order of the court before whom the prosecution is pending and under such terms as the court may prescribe.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3416; L. 2012, ch. 51, § 1; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3417 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3417 Objections to rulings.

22-3417. Objections to rulings. Formal exceptions to rulings or orders of the court are unnecessary. It is sufficient that a party, at the time the ruling or order of the court is made or sought, makes known to the court the action which he desires the court to take or his objection to the action of the court and his grounds therefor; and, if a party has no opportunity to object to a ruling or order at the time it is made, the absence of an objection does not thereafter prejudice him.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3417; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3418 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3418 View of place of crime.

22-3418. View of place of crime. Whenever in the opinion of the court it is proper for the jurors to have a view of the place in which any material fact occurred, it may order them to be conducted in a body under the charge of an officer to the place, which shall be shown to them by some person appointed by the court for that purpose. They may be accompanied by the defendant, his counsel and the prosecuting attorney. While the jurors are thus absent, no person other than the officer and the person appointed to show them the place shall speak to them on any subject connected with the trial. The officer or person appointed to show them the place shall speak to the jurors only to the extent necessary to conduct them to and identify the place or thing in question.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3418; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3419 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3419 Motion for judgment of acquittal.

22-3419. Motion for judgment of acquittal. (1) The court on motion of a defendant or on its own motion shall order the entry of judgment of acquittal of one or more crimes charged in the complaint, indictment or information after the evidence on either side is closed if the evidence is insufficient to sustain a conviction of such crime or crimes. If a defendant's motion for judgment of acquittal at the close of the evidence offered by the prosecution is not granted, the defendant may offer evidence without having reserved the right.(2) If a motion for judgment of acquittal is made at the close of all the evidence, the court may reserve decision on the motion, submit the case to the jury and decide the motion either before the jury returns a verdict or after it returns a verdict of guilty or is discharged without having returned a verdict.(3) If the jury returns a verdict of guilty or is discharged without having returned a verdict, a motion for judgment of acquittal may be made or renewed within seven days after the jury is discharged or within such further time as the court may fix during the seven-day period. If a verdict of guilty is returned the court may on such motion set aside the verdict and enter judgment of acquittal. It shall not be necessary to the making of such a motion that a similar motion has been made prior to the submission of the case to the jury.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3419; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3420 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3420 Conduct of jury after submission.

22-3420. Conduct of jury after submission. (a) When the case is finally submitted to the jury, they shall retire for deliberation. They must be kept together in some convenient place under charge of a bailiff until they agree upon a verdict, or be discharged by the court, subject to the discretion of the court to permit them to separate temporarily at night, and at their meals. The bailiff having them under such bailiff's charge shall not allow any communications to be made to them, or communicate with them, unless by order of the court. Before the jury's verdict is rendered the bailiff shall not communicate to any person the state of their deliberations, or the verdict agreed upon. No person other than members of the jury shall be present in the jury room during deliberations.(b) If the jury is permitted to separate, either during the trial or after the case is submitted to them, they shall be admonished by the court that: (1) It is their duty not to converse with, or allow themselves to be addressed by any other person on any subject of the trial, and that any attempt to do so should be immediately reported by them to the court; (2) it is their duty not to make any final determinations or express any opinion on any subject of the trial until the case is finally submitted to them; and (3) such admonition shall apply to every subsequent separation of the jury.(c) In the court's discretion, upon the jury's retiring for deliberation, the jury may take any admitted exhibits into the jury room, where they may review them without further permission from the court. If necessary, the court may provide equipment to facilitate review.(d) The jury shall be instructed that any question it wishes to ask the court about the instructions or evidence should be signed, dated and submitted in writing to the bailiff. The court shall notify the parties of the contents of the questions and provide them an opportunity to discuss an appropriate response. The defendant must be present during the discussion of such written questions, unless such presence is waived. The court shall respond to all questions from a deliberating jury in open court or in writing. In its discretion, the court may grant a jury's request to rehear testimony. The defendant must be present during any response if given in open court, unless such presence is waived. Written questions from the jury, the court's response and any objections thereto shall be made a part of the record.(e) The jury may be discharged by the court on account of the sickness of a juror, or other accident or calamity, or other necessity to be found by the court requiring their discharge, or by consent of both parties, or after they have been kept together until it satisfactorily appears that there is no probability of their agreeing.(f) The amendments to this section by this act establish a procedural rule, and as such shall be construed and applied retroactively.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3420; L. 2014, ch. 102, § 7; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3421 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3421 Verdict, procedure.

22-3421. Verdict, procedure. The verdict shall be written, signed by the presiding juror and read by the clerk to the jury, and the inquiry made whether it is the jury's verdict. If any juror disagrees, the jury must be sent out again; but if no disagreement is expressed, and neither party requires the jury to be polled, the verdict is complete and the jury discharged from the case. If the verdict is defective in form only, it may be corrected by the court, with the assent of the jury, before it is discharged.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3421; L. 1984, ch. 112, § 23; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3422 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3422 Allocution.

22-3422. Allocution. When the defendant appears for judgment, he must be informed by the court of the verdict of the jury, or the finding of the court and asked whether he has any legal cause to show why judgment should not be rendered. If none is shown the court shall pronounce judgment against the defendant.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3422; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3423 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3423 Mistrials.

22-3423. Mistrials. (1) The trial court may terminate the trial and order a mistrial at any time that he finds termination is necessary because:(a) It is physically impossible to proceed with the trial in conformity with law; or(b) There is a legal defect in the proceedings which would make any judgment entered upon a verdict reversible as a matter of law and the defendant requests or consents to the declaration of a mistrial; or(c) Prejudicial conduct, in or outside the courtroom, makes it impossible to proceed with the trial without injustice to either the defendant or the prosecution; or(d) The jury is unable to agree upon a verdict; or(e) False statements of a juror on voir dire prevent a fair trial; or(f) The trial has been interrupted pending a determination of the defendant's competency to stand trial.(2) When a mistrial is ordered, the court shall direct that the case be retained on the docket for trial or such other proceedings as may be proper and that the defendant be held in custody pending such further proceedings, unless he is released pursuant to the terms of an appearance bond.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3423; July 1.
KS Stat § 22-3425 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 22 - Criminal Procedure|Article 34 - Trials And Incidents Thereto|22-3425 Commitment for failure to pay fine and costs.

22-3425. Commitment for failure to pay fine and costs. (1) When a defendant is adjudged to pay a fine and costs, the court may order him to be committed to the county jail until such fine and costs are paid or may make an order providing for the payment of such fines and costs in installments.(2) Any person confined in the county jail for failure to pay a fine or costs may be released by the court which imposed sentence, upon satisfactory proof that such person is unable to pay such fine and costs. A release under this section shall not discharge a person from his liability to pay the fine and costs adjudged against him, but they may thereafter be collected by execution as on judgments in civil cases.History: L. 1970, ch. 129, § 22-3425; July 1.