reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Ins Code § 12389.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 3.7 - Underwritten Title Companies|Section 12389.5.

12389.5.  Every person engaged in the business of preparing title searches, title examinations, title reports, and certificates of abstracts of title, upon which a title insurer writes title policies, is required to be licensed as an underwritten title company in compliance with the licensing requirements of this article.(Added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 433, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1996.)
CA Ins Code § 12389.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 3.7 - Underwritten Title Companies|Section 12389.7.

12389.7.  (a) Sections 1070, 1070.5, 1070.6, 1071.5, 1072, and 1076 shall be applicable to underwritten title companies.(b) The following terms from Sections 1070, 1070.5, 1070.6, 1071.5, 1072, and 1076 shall be applicable to underwritten title companies as follows:(1) “Certificate of Authority” shall mean an underwritten title company license.(2) “Insurer” shall mean an underwritten title company.(3) “Reinsurer” shall mean a title underwriter or another underwritten title company.(c) For the purposes of this section, Sections 1070, 1070.5, 1070.6, 1071.5, 1072, and 1076 shall be construed in accordance with the nature of underwritten title companies and the business of title insurance.(Added by Stats. 2013, Ch. 321, Sec. 26. (AB 1391) Effective January 1, 2014.)
CA Ins Code § 12390 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4 - General Powers|Section 12390.

12390.  Every domestic title insurer may issue title policies and may also insure:(a) The identity, due execution, and validity of any note or bond secured by mortgage.(b) The identity, due execution, validity and recording of any such mortgage. (c) The identity, due execution and validity of evidences of indebtedness issued by this State, or by any political subdivision or district therein, or by any private or public corporation.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 12391 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4 - General Powers|Section 12391.

12391.  Such insurer also may:(a) Act as registrar or transfer agent of this State, or of any political subdivision or district therein, or of any private or public corporation.(b) Transfer or countersign any evidences of indebtedness which it may insure. (c) Transfer or countersign certificates of stock of any private or public corporation.(Enacted by Stats. 1935, Ch. 145.)
CA Ins Code § 12394 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4 - General Powers|Section 12394.

12394.  A title insurer, as to its title insurance department, shall be subject to and shall comply with all the requirements of the insurance laws and the rules and regulations of the commissioner. It may invest its assets apportioned to its title insurance department, and the accumulations therefrom, in the manner in which the assets of title insurers are allowed by the laws of this state to be invested.(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 187, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2000.)
CA Ins Code § 12396 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4.5 - Business Plans|Section 12396.

12396.  (a) For purposes of this article, “controlled business source” means an affiliate, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 1215, of any title insurer, controlled escrow company, or underwritten title company.(b) For purposes of this article:(1) “License” means a securities permit issued to a title insurance entity, a license to operate as an underwritten title company, or a certificate of authority to act as a title insurer.(2) “Licensee” means the holder of a license.(c) For purposes of this article, a title order shall be deemed to emanate from a controlled business source if the controlled business source is acting in the capacity of a principal, lender, representative, or agent of any of the parties to the transaction, or any other person or entity with which the reporting entity has an agreement, written or otherwise, whereby title orders are traded or otherwise exchanged in order to achieve compliance with this article.(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 344, Sec. 1.)
CA Ins Code § 12397 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4.5 - Business Plans|Section 12397.

12397.  Any applicant for a license shall indicate the applicant’s intent to actively compete in the marketplace for title insurance in each county in which the applicant seeks to or does conduct the business of title insurance. The failure to so indicate shall constitute grounds for denial of the license. Each applicant for a license shall also demonstrate that its plan of operation and intended course of business conduct will not involve reliance for more than 50 percent of its closed title orders from controlled business sources.(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 344, Sec. 1.)
CA Ins Code § 12397.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4.5 - Business Plans|Section 12397.5.

12397.5.  (a) Each licensee shall make submissions as are required by the Department of Insurance to enable the department to determine the nature and extent of the licensee’s efforts to actively compete in each county in which it transacts its business. The licensee shall maintain records of its title orders sufficient to indicate the source of the title orders.(b) Competitive behavior shall be measured by the source of closed title orders in each county in which the licensee engages in the title business and by the entity’s progress toward meeting the 50 percent objective specified in Section 12397, as indicated in the annual, verified report filed pursuant to subdivision (c).(c) Within 90 days following the end of each business year, as established by the licensee, each licensee shall file with the commissioner, and any title insurer with which the licensee maintains an underwriting agreement, a verified report executed by the licensee’s chief executive officer or his or her designee under penalty of perjury, stating the percent of closed title orders for each county originating from controlled and noncontrolled business sources. Each title insurer that maintains an underwriting agreement with another licensee shall, within 30 days after receipt of this report, file with the commissioner a verified statement, signed by the licensee’s chief executive officer or by his or her designee under penalty of perjury, that the report is substantially correct or that insufficient information is contained in the report to enable an opinion to be formed concerning the correctness of the report.(d) Upon receipt by the department of a verified statement, signed under penalty of perjury, that less than 5 percent of the business a licensee transacts emanates from controlled business sources, the licensee shall be relieved of further reporting under this article, but shall be subject to reporting under subdivision (c) at any time that 5 percent or more of the business which the licensee transacts emanates from controlled business sources.(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 344, Sec. 1.)
CA Ins Code § 12398 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4.5 - Business Plans|Section 12398.

12398.  The failure of an applicant or licensee to comply with any of the requirements of this article shall be grounds for the denial of an application for a license, the suspension or revocation of an issued license, or other disciplinary action determined by the commissioner, in accordance with procedures prescribed by law therefor.(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 344, Sec. 1.)
CA Ins Code § 12399 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 4.5 - Business Plans|Section 12399.

12399.  Nothing in this article shall limit or preclude the consideration or approval of an application for a license, except as expressly provided in this article.(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 344, Sec. 1.)
CA Ins Code § 12400 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5 - Exemptions|Section 12400.

12400.  The provisions of subdivision (f) of Section 381, and the provisions of Sections 382, 383, 383.5, 386, 481, 750, 751, 752, 755, 755.5, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 760.5, 763, 763.5, 766, 800, 801, 802, 803, and 804, shall not apply to title insurers.(Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 1152.)
CA Ins Code § 12400.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5 - Exemptions|Section 12400.1.

12400.1.  Article 5.6 (commencing with Section 1875.20) of Chapter 12 of Part 2 of Division 1 does not apply to title insurers.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 131, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Ins Code § 12400.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5 - Exemptions|Section 12400.5.

12400.5.  A title insurance company or underwritten title company engaged in the business of title insurance, as defined in Section 12340.3, shall not be deemed to have participated in any acts prohibited by Division 1 (commencing with Section 25000) of Title 4 of the Corporations Code solely by reason of engaging in the business of title insurance as authorized pursuant to this chapter.(Added by Stats. 1993, Ch. 314, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1994.)
CA Ins Code § 12401 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.

12401.  The purpose of this article is to promote the public welfare by regulating rates for the business of title insurance as herein provided to the end that they shall not be excessive, inadequate or unfairly discriminatory. It is the express intent of this article to permit and encourage competition between persons or entities engaged in the business of title insurance on a sound financial basis, and nothing in this article is intended to give the commissioner power to fix and determine a rate level by classification or otherwise.(Repealed and added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.1.

12401.1.  Every title insurer, underwritten title company, and controlled escrow company shall file with the commissioner its schedules of rates, all regularly issued forms of title policies to which such rates apply, and every modification thereof which it proposes to use in this state. Every schedule of rates filed by a title insurer shall set forth the entire charge to the public for each type of title policy included within such schedule and shall include without separate statement thereof that portion of the charge, if any, which is based upon work performed by an underwritten title company; there shall be no separate filing by an underwritten title company for such work. Every filing shall set forth its effective date, which shall be not earlier than the 30th day following its receipt by the commissioner, and shall indicate the character and extent of the coverages and services contemplated.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.2.

12401.2.  Every title insurer, underwritten title company and controlled escrow company shall establish basic classifications of coverages and services to be used as the basis for determining rates.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.4.

12401.4.  In order to further uniform administration of rate regulatory laws, the commissioner and every person or entity in the business of title insurance and every advisory organization in this state may exchange information and experience data with insurance supervisory officials of this and other states and rating organizations in other states and may consult with them with respect to such information and data.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.6.

12401.6.  Nothing in this article shall be construed to prohibit concert of action between entities under the same general management and control.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.7.

12401.7.  No title insurer, underwritten title company or controlled escrow company shall use any rate in the business of title insurance prior to its effective date nor prior to the filing with respect to such rate having been publicly displayed and made readily available to the public for a period of no less than 30 days in each office of the title insurer, underwritten title company, or controlled escrow company in the county to which such rate applies, and no rate increase shall apply to title policies or services which have been contracted for prior to such effective date.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.71 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.71.

12401.71.  (a) Notwithstanding Sections 12401.1 and 12401.7, a title insurer, underwritten title company, or controlled escrow company may use a new rate prior to 30 days after the filing if the new rate results in a reduction from an existing rate, the earlier effective date is set forth in the filing, and the new rate has been publicly displayed and made readily available to the public prior to its effective date.(b) Any rate reduction filed by a title insurer, underwritten title company, or controlled escrow company pursuant to subdivision (a) shall be subject to the authority of the commissioner as set forth in this article and Article 6.7 (commencing with Section 12414.13).(c) Five years from the effective date of this section, and within existing resources, the department shall review the reduced rates authorized by this section to determine if they are inadequate or if they increase the possibility of title insurers becoming insolvent. This review shall be in addition to any other authorized by statute.(Added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 440, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2004.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.8.

12401.8.  Charges in excess of those set forth in a rate filing which has become effective may be made when such filing includes a statement that such charges may be made in the event unusual insurance risks are assumed or unusual services performed in the transaction of the business of title insurance; provided, that such charges are reasonably commensurate with the risks assumed or the costs of the services performed and provided further that each person or entity obligated to pay all or any part of such charges consents thereto in writing in advance.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.9 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.9.

12401.9.  The schedules of rates which are required to be filed with the commissioner under the provisions of Section 12401.1 shall be printed or typed in type not smaller than 10-point and, so long as they are effective, full copies thereof, showing their effective date or dates, shall be kept at all times available to the public and prominently displayed in a public place in each office of a title insurer, an underwritten title company and a controlled escrow company in the county to which such rates apply. On request, copies of such schedules or adequate summaries of the pertinent part or parts thereof shall be furnished to the public.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12401.10 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.5 - Rate Filing and Regulation|Section 12401.10.

12401.10.  Nothing in this article shall require the filing of rates by title insurers for reinsurance contracts or agreements or policies of excess coinsurance.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12402 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.7 - Advisory Organizations|Section 12402.

12402.  No advisory organization shall conduct its operations in this state without first filing with the commissioner: (a) a copy of its constitution, articles of agreement or association or certificate of incorporation, and of its bylaws, rules, and regulations governing the conduct of its business; (b) a list of its members; (c) the name and address of a resident of this state upon whom notices or orders of the commissioner or process affecting such advisory organization may be served.(Repealed and added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12402.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.7 - Advisory Organizations|Section 12402.1.

12402.1.  Every advisory organization shall adopt bylaws or rules and regulations which will:(a) Permit any person or entity in the business of title insurance in this state to become a member at a reasonable cost and without discrimination;(b) Permit any member to withdraw at any time upon written notice;(c) Prohibit any act or agreement by which any person or entity is restrained from lawfully engaging in the business of title insurance in this state;(d) Require that the commissioner be given prompt notification of every change in any of the items described in subdivisions (a), (b), and (c) of Section 12402.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12402.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 5.7 - Advisory Organizations|Section 12402.2.

12402.2.  No bylaw or rule or regulation required by Section 12402.1 shall be effective until filed with the commissioner.(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 1130.)
CA Ins Code § 12404.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 2 - CLASSES OF INSURANCE|PART 6 - INSURANCE COVERING LAND|CHAPTER 1 - Title Insurance|ARTICLE 6 - Rebates and Commissions|Section 12404.1.

12404.1.  The furnishing of a preliminary report by any title insurer, controlled escrow company or underwritten title company, without charge to any person, shall constitute a violation of Section 12404. The charge for a preliminary report shall have a reasonable relation to the cost of production of the report but in no event shall it be less than the rate for a standard owners policy, minimum liability, as set forth in the company’s rate schedule. After billing any person for a preliminary report the title insurer, controlled escrow company or underwritten title company shall promptly make a good faith attempt to collect; provided, however, that notwithstanding Section 12404, but without limiting the applicability of that section to other transactions, this charge may be waived or canceled, if the company follows uniform practices as to all customers under like circumstances.(a) After the issuance of the preliminary report, but before the charge is waived or canceled, the files of the issuing company contain a copy of a bona fide sales or exchange agreement, or loan commitment executed by the party or parties in interest relating to the property described in the report, and the sale, exchange, or loan is not consummated.(b) When the preliminary report so furnished contains a lien or encumbrance or other title defect which the issuing company has refused to eliminate from its policy of title insurance or to provide insurance against loss by reason thereof, and another title insurance company has eliminated the lien or encumbrance or other title defect from its policy of title insurance or provided insurance against loss resulting therefrom within a reasonable period of time from the date of the issuance of the preliminary report.The furnishing of the names of owners of record, descriptions of real property, and property characteristics, as defined in Section 408.3 of the Revenue and Taxation Code, shall not be deemed to be a violation of Section 12404, whether provided on individual or multiple properties and whether provided in printed form or by electronic media.(Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 551, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1993.)