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WV Code § 46-2A-526 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A-526. Lessor's Stoppage of Delivery in Transit or Otherwise

(1) A lessor may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other bailee if the lessor discovers the lessee to be insolvent and may stop delivery of carload, truckload, planeload or larger shipments of express or freight if the lessee repudiates or fails to make a payment due before delivery, whether for rent, security or otherwise under the lease contract, or for any other reason the lessor has a right to withhold or take possession of the goods.(2) In pursuing its remedies under subsection (1), the lessor may stop delivery until:(a) Receipt of the goods by the lessee;(b) Acknowledgment to the lessee by any bailee of the goods, except a carrier, that the bailee holds the goods for the lessee; or(c) Such an acknowledgment to the lessee by a carrier via reshipment or as a warehouse.(3)(a) To stop delivery, a lessor shall so notify as to enable the bailee by reasonable diligence to prevent delivery of the goods.(b) After notification, the bailee shall hold and deliver the goods according to the directions of the lessor, but the lessor is liable to the bailee for any ensuing charges or damages.(c) A carrier who has issued a nonnegotiable bill of lading is not obliged to obey a notification to stop received from a person other than the consignor.
WV Code § 46-2A–527 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A–527. Lessor's Rights to Dispose of Goods

(1) After a default by a lessee under the lease contract of the type described in section 2A-523(1) or 2A-523(3)(a) or after the lessor refuses to deliver or takes possession of goods (section 2A-525 or 2A-526), or, if agreed, after other default by a lessee, the lessor may dispose of the goods concerned or the undelivered balance thereof by lease, sale or otherwise.(2) Except as otherwise provided with respect to damages liquidated in the lease agreement (section 2A–504) or otherwise determined pursuant to agreement of the parties (sections 1-302 and 2A–503), if the disposition is by lease agreement substantially similar to the original lease agreement and the new lease agreement is made in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner, the lessor may recover from the lessee as damages: (i) Accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of the commencement of the term of the new lease agreement; (ii) the present value, as of the same date, of the total rent for the then remaining lease term of the original lease agreement minus the present value, as of the same date, of the rent under the new lease agreement applicable to that period of the new lease term which is comparable to the then remaining term of the original lease agreement; and (iii) any incidental damages allowed under section 2A–530, less expenses saved in consequence of the lessee's default.(3) If the lessor's disposition is by lease agreement that for any reason does not qualify for treatment under subsection (2), or is by sale or otherwise, the lessor may recover from the lessee as if the lessor had elected not to dispose of the goods and section 2A-528 governs.(4) A subsequent buyer or lessee who buys or leases from the lessor in good faith for value as a result of a disposition under this section takes the goods free of the original lease contract and any rights of the original lessee even though the lessor fails to comply with one or more of the requirements of this article.(5) The lessor is not accountable to the lessee for any profit made on any disposition. A lessee who has rightfully rejected or justifiably revoked acceptance shall account to the lessor for any excess over the amount of the lessee's security interest (section 2A-508(5)).
WV Code § 46-2A–528 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A–528. Lessor's Damages for Nonacceptance, Failure to Pay, Repudiation, or Other Default

(1) Except as otherwise provided with respect to damages liquidated in the lease agreement (section 2A–504) or otherwise determined pursuant to agreement of the parties (sections 1-302 and 2A–503), if a lessor elects to retain the goods or a lessor elects to dispose of the goods and the disposition is by lease agreement that for any reason does not qualify for treatment under section 2A–527(2), or is by sale or otherwise, the lessor may recover from the lessee as damages for a default of the type described in section 2A–523(1) or 2A–523(3)(a), or, if agreed, for other default of the lessee: (i) Accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of default if the lessee has never taken possession of the goods, or, if the lessee has taken possession of the goods, as of the date the lessor repossesses the goods or an earlier date on which the lessee makes a tender of the goods to the lessor; (ii) the present value as of the date determined under clause (I) of the total rent for the then remaining lease term of the original lease agreement minus the present value as of the same date of the market rent at the place where the goods are located computed for the same lease term; and (iii) any incidental damages allowed under section 2A–530, less expenses saved in consequence of the lessee's default.(2) If the measure of damages provided in subsection (1) of this section is inadequate to put a lessor in as good a position as performance would have, the measure of damages is the present value of the profit, including reasonable overhead, the lessor would have made from full performance by the lessee, together with any incidental damages allowed under section 2A-530, due allowance for costs reasonably incurred and due credit for payments or proceeds of disposition.
WV Code § 46-2A-529 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A-529. Lessor's Action for the Rent

(1) After default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in section 2A-523(1) or 2A-523(3)(a) or, if agreed, after other default by the lessee, if the lessor complies with subsection (2), the lessor may recover from the lessee as damages:(a) For goods accepted by the lessee and not repossessed by or tendered to the lessor, and for conforming goods lost or damaged within a commercially reasonable time after risk of loss passes to the lessee (section 2A-219): (i) Accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of entry of judgment in favor of the lessor; (ii) the present value as of the same date of the rent for the then remaining lease term of the lease agreement; and (iii) any incidental damages allowed under section 2A-530, less expenses saved in consequence of the lessee's default; and(b) For goods identified to the lease contract if the lessor is unable after reasonable effort to dispose of them at a reasonable price or the circumstances reasonably indicate that effort will be unavailing: (i) Accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of entry of judgment in favor of the lessor; (ii) the present value as of the same date of the rent for the then remaining lease term of the lease agreement; and (iii) any incidental damages allowed under section 2A-530, less expenses saved in consequence of the lessee's default.(2) Except as provided in subsection (3), the lessor shall hold for the lessee for the remaining lease term of the lease agreement any goods that have been identified to the lease contract and are in the lessor's control.(3) The lessor may dispose of the goods at any time before collection of the judgment for damages obtained pursuant to subsection (1). If the disposition is before the end of the remaining lease term of the lease agreement, the lessor's recovery against the lessee for damages is governed by section 2A-527 or section 2A-528, and the lessor will cause an appropriate credit to be provided against a judgment for damages to the extent that the amount of the judgment exceeds the recovery available pursuant to section 2A-527 or 2A-528.(4) Payment of the judgment for damages obtained pursuant to subsection (1) entitles the lessee to the use and possession of the goods not then disposed of for the remaining lease term of and in accordance with the lease agreement.(5) After default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in section 2A-523(1) or section 2A-523(3)(a) or, if agreed, after other default by the lessee, a lessor who is held not entitled to rent under this section must nevertheless be awarded damages for nonacceptance under section 2A-527 or section 2A-528.
WV Code § 46-2A-530 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A-530. Lessor's Incidental Damages

Incidental damages to an aggrieved lessor include any commercially reasonable charges, expenses or commissions incurred in stopping delivery, in the transportation, care and custody of goods after the lessee's default, in connection with return or disposition of the goods, or otherwise resulting from the default.
WV Code § 46-2A-531 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A-531. Standing to Sue Third Parties for Injury to Goods

(1) If a third party so deals with goods that have been identified to a lease contract as to cause actionable injury to a party to the lease contract: (a) The lessor has a right of action against the third party; and (b) the lessee also has a right of action against the third party if the lessee:(i) Has a security interest in the goods; (ii) Has an insurable interest in the goods; or(iii) Bears the risk of loss under the lease contract or has since the injury assumed that risk as against the lessor and the goods have been converted or destroyed.(2) If at the time of the injury the party plaintiff did not bear the risk of loss as against the other party to the lease contract and there is no arrangement between them for disposition of the recovery, his or her suit or settlement, subject to his or her own interest, is as a fiduciary for the other party to the lease contract.(3) Either party with the consent of the other may sue for the benefit of whom it may concern.
WV Code § 46-2A-532 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2A. Leases|§46-2A-532. Lessor's Rights to Residual Interest

In addition to any other recovery permitted by this article or other law, the lessor may recover from the lessee an amount that will fully compensate the lessor for any loss of or damage to the lessor's residual interest in the goods caused by the default of the lessee.
WV Code § 46-3-101 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-101. Short Title

§46-3-101. Short title.This article shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code -- Negotiable Instruments.
WV Code § 46-3-102 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-102. Subject Matter

(a) This article applies to negotiable instruments. It does not apply to money, to payment orders governed by article four-a, or to securities governed by article eight.(b) If there is conflict between this article and article four or nine, articles four and nine govern.(c) Regulations of the board of Governors of the federal reserve system and operating circulars of the federal reserve banks supersede any inconsistent provision of this article to the extent of the inconsistency.
WV Code § 46-3-105 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-105. Issue of Instrument

(a) "Issue" means the first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving rights on the instrument to any person.(b) An unissued instrument, or an unissued incomplete instrument that is completed, is binding on the maker or drawer, but nonissuance is a defense. An instrument that is conditionally issued or is issued for a special purpose is binding on the maker or drawer, but failure of the condition or special purpose to be fulfilled is a defense.(c) "Issuer" applies to issued and unissued instruments and means a maker or drawer of an instrument.
WV Code § 46-3-106 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-106. Unconditional Promise or Order

(a) Except as provided in this section, for the purposes of section 3-104(a), a promise or order is unconditional unless it states (i) an express condition to payment, (ii) that the promise or order is subject to or governed by another writing or (iii) that rights or obligations with respect to the promise or order are stated in another writing. A reference to another writing does not of itself make the promise or order conditional.(b) A promise or order is not made conditional (i) by a reference to another writing for a statement of rights with respect to collateral, prepayment or acceleration or (ii) because payment is limited to resort to a particular fund or source.(c) If a promise or order requires, as a condition to payment, a countersignature by a person whose specimen signature appears on the promise or order, the condition does not make the promise or order conditional for the purpose of section 3-104(a).
WV Code § 46-3-107 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-107. Instrument Payable in Foreign Money

Unless the instrument otherwise provides, an instrument that states the amount payable in foreign money may be paid in the foreign money or in an equivalent amount in dollars calculated by using the current bank offered spot rate at the place of payment for the purchase of dollars on the day on which the instrument is paid.
WV Code § 46-3-108 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-108. Payable on Demand or at Definite Time

(a) A promise or order is "payable on demand" if it (i) states that it is payable on demand or at sight, or otherwise indicates that it is payable at the will of the holder or (ii) does not state any time of payment.(b) A promise or order is "payable at a definite time" if it is payable on elapse of a definite period of time after sight or acceptance or at a fixed date or dates or at a time or times readily ascertainable at the time the promise or order is issued, subject to rights of (i) prepayment, (ii) acceleration, (iii) extension at the option of the holder or (iv) extension to a further definite time at the option of the maker or acceptor or automatically upon or after a specified act or event.(c) If an instrument, payable at a fixed date, is also payable upon demand made before the fixed date, the instrument is payable on demand until the fixed date and, if demand for payment is not made before that date, becomes payable at a definite time on the fixed date.
WV Code § 46-3-109 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-109. Payable to Bearer or to Order

(a) A promise or order is payable to bearer if it:(1) States that it is payable to bearer or to the order of bearer or otherwise indicates that the person in possession of the promise or order is entitled to payment;(2) Does not state a payee; or(3) States that it is payable to or to the order of cash or otherwise indicates that it is not payable to an identified person.(b) A promise or order that is not payable to bearer is payable to order if it is payable (i) to the order of an identified person or (ii) to an identified person or order. A promise or order that is payable to order is payable to the identified person.(c) An instrument payable to bearer may become payable to an identified person if it is specially indorsed pursuant to section 3-205(a). An instrument payable to an identified person may become payable to bearer if it is indorsed in blank pursuant to section 3-205(b).
WV Code § 46-3-110 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-110. Identification of Person to Whom Instrument Is Payable

(a) The person to whom an instrument is initially payable is determined by the intent of the person, whether or not authorized, signing as, or in the name or behalf of, the issuer of the instrument. The instrument is payable to the person intended by the signer even if that person is identified in the instrument by a name or other identification that is not that of the intended person. If more than one person signs in the name or behalf of the issuer of an instrument and all the signers do not intend the same person as payee, the instrument is payable to any person intended by one or more of the signers.(b) If the signature of the issuer of an instrument is made by automated means, such as a check-writing machine, the payee of the instrument is determined by the intent of the person who supplied the name or identification of the payee, whether or not authorized to do so.(c) A person to whom an instrument is payable may be identified in any way, including by name, identifying number, office, or account number. For the purpose of determining the holder of an instrument, the following rules apply:(1) If an instrument is payable to an account and the account is identified only by number, the instrument is payable to the person to whom the account is payable. If an instrument is payable to an account identified by number and by the name of a person, the instrument is payable to the named person, whether or not that person is the owner of the account identified by number.(2) If an instrument is payable to (i) a trust, an estate, or a person described as trustee or representative of a trust or estate, the instrument is payable to the trustee, the representative, or a successor of either, whether or not the beneficiary or estate is also named, (ii) a person described as agent or similar representative of a named or identified person, the instrument is payable to the represented person, the representative, or a successor of the representative, (iii) a fund or organization that is not a legal entity, the instrument is payable to a representative of the members of the fund or organization or (iv) an office or to a person described as holding an office, the instrument is payable to the named person, the incumbent of the office, or a successor to the incumbent.(d) If an instrument is payable to two or more persons alternatively, it is payable to any of them and may be negotiated, discharged, or enforced by any or all of them in possession of the instrument. If an instrument is payable to two or more persons not alternatively, it is payable to all of them and may be negotiated, discharged, or enforced only by all of them. If an instrument payable to two or more persons is ambiguous as to whether it is payable to the persons alternatively, the instrument is payable to the persons alternatively.
WV Code § 46-3-111 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-111. Place of Payment

Except as otherwise provided for items in article four, an instrument is payable at the place of payment stated in the instrument. If no place of payment is stated, an instrument is payable at the address of the drawee or maker stated in the instrument. If no address is stated, the place of payment is the place of business of the drawee or maker. If a drawee or maker has more than one place of business, the place of payment is any place of business of the drawee or maker chosen by the person entitled to enforce the instrument. If the drawee or maker has no place of business, the place of payment is the residence of the drawee or maker.
WV Code § 46-3-112 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-112. Interest

(a) Unless otherwise provided in the instrument (i) an instrument is not payable with interest and (ii) interest on an interest-bearing instrument is payable from the date of the instrument.(b) Interest may be stated in an instrument as a fixed or variable amount of money or it may be expressed as a fixed or variable rate or rates. The amount or rate of interest may be stated or described in the instrument in any manner and may require reference to information not contained in the instrument. If an instrument provides for interest, but the amount of interest payable cannot be ascertained from the description, interest is payable at the judgment rate in effect at the place of payment of the instrument and at the time interest first accrues.
WV Code § 46-3-113 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-113. Date of Instrument

(a) An instrument may be antedated or postdated. The date stated determines the time of payment if the instrument is payable at a fixed period after date. Except as provided in section 4-401 (c), an instrument payable on demand is not payable before the date of the instrument.(b) If an instrument is undated, its date is the date of its issue or, in the case of an unissued instrument, the date it first comes into possession of a holder.
WV Code § 46-3-114 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-114. Contradictory Terms of Instrument

If an instrument contains contradictory terms, typewritten terms prevail over printed terms, hand written terms prevail over both, and words prevail over numbers.
WV Code § 46-3-115 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-115. Incomplete Instrument

(a) "Incomplete instrument" means a signed writing, whether or not issued by the signer, the contents of which show at the time of signing that it is incomplete but that the signer intended it to be completed by the addition of words or numbers.(b) Subject to subsection (c), if an incomplete instrument is an instrument under section 3-104, it may be enforced according to its terms if it is not completed, or according to its terms as augmented by completion. If an incomplete instrument is not an instrument under section 3-104, but, after completion, the requirements of section 3-104 are met, the instrument may be enforced according to its terms as augmented by completion.(c) If words or numbers are added to an incomplete instrument without authority of the signer, there is an alteration of the incomplete instrument under section 3-407.(d) The burden of establishing that words or numbers were added to an incomplete instrument without authority of the signer is on the person asserting the lack of authority.
WV Code § 46-3-116 (2021)
2021 West Virginia Code|Chapter 46. Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3. Negotiable Instruments|§46-3-116. Joint and Several Liability; Contribution

(a) Except as otherwise provided in the instrument, two or more persons who have the same liability on an instrument as makers, drawers, acceptors, indorsers who indorse as joint payees, or anomalous indorsers are jointly and severally liable in the capacity in which they sign.(b) Except as provided in section 3-419(e) or by agreement of the affected parties, a party having joint and several liability who pays the instrument is entitled to receive from any party having the same joint and several liability contribution in accordance with applicable law.(c) Discharge of one party having joint and several liability by a person entitled to enforce the instrument does not affect the right under subsection (b) of a party having the same joint and several liability to receive contribution from the party discharged.