reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 52-5-6 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-6. Organization of Company; Quorum; Election of First Board of Directors; Qualifications of Directors; Election and Appointment of Officers and Agents; Annual Election Of, and Filling of Vacancies On, Board of Directors

 When the amount of capital stock has been subscribed, the persons named in the certificate of incorporation, or a majority of them, are authorized to call a meeting of the stockholders for the purpose of organization, which meeting shall be held in the city or other place where the principal office of the company shall be located, and of which meeting notice shall have been given as provided in this chapter. At the meeting, at which a majority of stock subscribed shall constitute a quorum, there shall be elected a board of directors of not less than three to manage the affairs of the company, each share of stock to be entitled to one vote and a plurality of votes cast being necessary to elect. The persons so elected shall continue in office until relieved by their successors. No person shall be a director in the company unless he is a stockholder; and a majority of the directors must be citizens of this state. The board of directors shall select from their number a president, may elect one or more vice-presidents, and may appoint a secretary, a treasurer, and such other officers, agents, and servants as they may deem necessary. The regular election of directors shall be held annually at the principal office of the company. Vacancies occasioned by death, resignation, or otherwise shall be filled in such manner as shall be provided by the bylaws of the company.   (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 5; Civil Code 1895, § 2153; Civil Code 1910, § 2571; Ga. L. 1913, p. 51, § 1; Code 1933, § 17-207; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 52.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 830 et seq. 18B Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 1183, 1186, 1193.   C.J.S.   - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, § 442 et seq.
GA Code § 52-5-7 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-7. Opening Books of Subscription for Capital Stock; Restriction on Increase of Capital Stock

 When the certificate has been issued, the persons named therein, in case they shall not have subscribed for the entire capital stock, may open books of subscription to complete the subscription to the capital stock of the company, in such manner and for such amount per share as they may deem proper and expedient, and may receive the subscriptions until the entire capital stock is subscribed. In no case shall the capital stock be increased except as provided in this chapter.   (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 4; Civil Code 1895, § 2152; Civil Code 1910, § 2570; Code 1933, § 17-206.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 187, 403, 480 et seq., 487, 488, 509 et seq., 527, 614 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, §§ 185 et seq., 242 et seq.
GA Code § 52-5-8 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-8. Manner of Payment for Stock; Auction Sale of Stock Upon Default by Subscriber; Giving Delinquent Subscriber Notice of Auction Sale

 The directors may require the subscribers to the capital stock to pay the amounts variously subscribed by them in such installments as they may deem proper. The directors may receive cash or property, real or personal, at the agreed value thereof in the payment of such installments. If any subscriber shall neglect to pay any installments as required by resolution of the board of directors, the directors may direct an action to be brought against him forthwith for the amount of the call. Alternatively, after 30 days' notice to the stockholder, the board of directors may, in its discretion, cause his stock to be sold at auction to the highest bidder for cash. Any deficiency in the sum thus realized necessary to make the amount of the call shall be made good by the delinquent. Any surplus over the amount of the call and the expenses of the sale shall be paid over to him. A certificate of stock shall be issued to the purchaser and he shall stand in the same relation to the company as the delinquent would have, had he not so made default. Such sale shall be in the city or other place where the principal office of the company is located, at such time and place as the directors may prescribe. If for any reason it is not practicable to serve the delinquent stockholder with notice of the sale, personally or by mail, or if he is a nonresident of this state, then notice may be given him of the sale by publication in the newspaper in which sheriff's advertisements are published in the county of its principal office, once a week for four weeks prior to the date of the sale.   (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 6; Civil Code 1895, § 2154; Civil Code 1910, § 2572; Code 1933, § 17-209; Ga. L. 1995, p. 10, § 52.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 413 et seq., 417 et seq., 421 et seq., 480 et seq., 491, 494, 495, 564 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 18A C.J.S., Corporations, §§ 212 et seq., 234 et seq.
GA Code § 52-5-9 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-9. Stock as Constituting Personal Property; Determination of Manner of Transfer of Stock

 The stock in the company shall be deemed personal property and shall be transferable in such manner as may be prescribed by the bylaws of the company.   (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 7; Civil Code 1895, § 2155; Civil Code 1910, § 2573; Code 1933, § 17-210.)   Cross references.   - Consideration of stocks as personalty, § 44-1-3.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 355 et seq.
GA Code § 52-5-10 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-10. Procedure for Increase of Capital Stock

  A company desiring to have its capital stock increased shall:   File in the office of the Secretary of State a petition signed with the corporate name, stating:   The name and character of the corporation;   The date of its original charter and all amendments thereto; and   That it desires to amend the company's charter to increase its capital stock;     File, along with the petition called for in paragraph (1) of this subsection:   A certified abstract from the minutes of the board of directors showing that the application for the proposed increase in capital stock has been authorized by the vote of a majority of the stockholders of the entire capital stock entitled, by the terms of the corporation's charter, to vote at an annual or special meeting called for that purpose, by a resolution of the board of directors; and   An affidavit showing that notice of such meeting was mailed to each stockholder or, in case of death, to the stockholder's legal representatives or heirs at law, addressed to the stockholder's last known residence, at least ten days prior to the day of the meeting.       The affidavit called for in subparagraph (a)(2)(B) of this Code section shall be made and signed in due form of law by the president or secretary of the company and shall show that the ten days' notice has been published once a week for four weeks in the newspaper in which is published the sheriff's sales of the county in which the principal office of the corporation desiring to increase its capital stock is located. The stock may be voted in person or by written proxy.    (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 7; Civil Code 1895, § 2156; Civil Code 1910, § 2574; Code 1933, § 17-211.)   Cross references.   - Certificate issued by the Secretary of State upon his approval of the corporation's petition to increase its capital stock, § 14-4-121.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 384 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, § 242 et seq.
GA Code § 52-5-11 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-11. Powers of Companies Generally

 The company shall have the following powers:    To acquire, purchase, hold, and operate all such real and personal property as may be necessary or convenient for the maintenance and operation of its business and to accomplish the purposes of its organization;   To convey persons, vessels, and other property by the use of steam, sail, or other means and to receive compensation therefor; and to do all other things incident to a general navigation business, including the right to tow, assist, and rescue vessels;   To erect and maintain convenient buildings, wharves, docks, fixtures, and machinery for the accommodation and use of its passengers, freight, and other business;   To regulate the time and manner in which passengers, vessels, and other property shall be transported and the compensation to be paid therefor, subject to any existing law upon the subject; and   To borrow such sum or sums of money, at such rates of interest and upon such terms, as the company or its directors may agree upon and to execute trust deeds or mortgages, or both, if in their judgment the occasion may require it, for securing the payment thereof.    (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 8; Civil Code 1895, § 2157; Civil Code 1910, § 2575; Code 1933, § 17-212.)   Cross references.   - Powers of corporations generally, §§ 14-4-60 and14-4-61.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    Cited in Southland S.S. Co. v. Dixon, 151 Ga. 216, 106 S.E. 111 (1921).   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL    Although assisting vessels is incidental to a navigation business,  it is not a navigation business. 1969 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 69-97.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 27, 33 et seq. 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 168, 169. 18B Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 1715 et seq., 1719 et seq., 1794, 1825, 1826. 78 Am. Jur. 2d, Waters, § 122 et seq.   25 Am. Jur. Pleading and Practice Forms, Wharves, § 2.   C.J.S.   - 19 C.J.S., Corporations, § 791 et seq. 65 C.J.S., Navigable Waters, §§ 11, 13, 35, 39, 40, 41, 93.
GA Code § 52-5-12 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 5 - Navigation Companies|§ 52-5-12. Adoption of Chapter by Companies Incorporated Prior to April 1, 1969, and by Persons Otherwise Owning or Operating a Navigation Business

  Any navigation company incorporated prior to April 1, 1969, whether by the General Assembly or otherwise, may amend its charter by adopting the provisions of this chapter, by filing with the Secretary of State a petition signed with the corporate name, stating the name and character of the corporation, the date of the original Act of incorporation, and all amendments thereto. The company shall state in the petition that it desires to amend its charter by having granted to it the corporate powers and privileges granted to other navigation companies by this chapter. The company shall also file along with the petition a certified abstract from the minutes of the corporation, showing that the application for amendment has been authorized by resolution which has been duly adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote thereon of the corporation at a meeting held for the purpose of passing upon the resolution duly certified by the president and secretary of the corporation.   When a navigation company amends its charter by following the procedures specified in subsection (a) of this Code section, it may retain its original organization and the same amount of capital stock and other rights and privileges provided for in the original charter, except the right of exemption from taxation, which may not be in conflict with this chapter or any other law of this state relating to the powers and privileges of navigation corporations; and such amendments shall be without prejudice to any of the prior rights or contracts of the corporation.   This chapter may also be adopted by any person owning or operating a navigation business, without prejudice to such organization as may already have existed and without prejudice to his existing contracts and obligations. Whenever any person desires to adopt the provisions of this chapter as provided in this subsection, he shall file a petition with the Secretary of State setting forth with particularity in what manner it is desired to adopt this chapter. When such petition is filed, the Secretary of State shall issue to the person, under the great seal of the state, a certificate setting forth that this person is a body corporate with all the powers, duties, and liabilities of this chapter. Before the certificate shall be issued, the petitioner shall pay to the Secretary of State the fee provided in Code Section 14-4-183.    (Ga. L. 1894, p. 71, § 9; Civil Code 1895, § 2158; Civil Code 1910, § 2576; Code 1933, § 17-213.)   Cross references.   - Petition for amendment of charter and the certificate issued upon approval of charter amendment or adoption of this chapter, §§ 14-4-100 and14-4-101.    Fee for amendment of charter, § 14-4-183.
GA Code § 52-8-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 8 - Discharge of Substances Dangerous to Navigation or Property|§ 52-8-1. Throwing Stone, Gravel, or Other Ballast Into Navigable Waters

 Any master of a vessel or watercraft who shall throw or permit to be thrown any stone, gravel, or other ballast from on board the vessel or watercraft into any of the waters of any bay or harbor of this state or within three miles of the outside bar of any such bay or harbor shall forfeit a sum not less than $500.00 nor more than $2,000.00 for each such offense. One-half of the forfeiture shall be paid to the person who first gives information of the offense to the Board of Pilotage Commissioners and the other half shall be paid to the use of the commissioners of the harbors, respectively, for improvement of navigation. In addition, any such master may be punished by imprisonment for not over three months, in the discretion of the court.   (Laws 1847, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 50; Code 1863, § 1486; Code 1868, § 1543; Code 1873, § 1537; Code 1882, § 1537; Civil Code 1895, § 1685; Penal Code 1895, § 646; Civil Code 1910, § 1931; Penal Code 1910, § 686; Code 1933, §§ 98-102, 98-9902.)
GA Code § 52-8-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 8 - Discharge of Substances Dangerous to Navigation or Property|§ 52-8-2. Duty of Pilots to Report Unlawful Discharge of Stone, Gravel, or Other Ballast Into Bays and Harbors

 Every pilot having knowledge of the discharge of any stone, gravel, or other ballast in any bay or harbor of this state, or within three miles of the outside bar of any such bay or harbor, as specified in Code Section 52-8-1, must give information thereof to the Board of Pilotage Commissioners as soon as practicable; and, upon his failure to do so, such pilot shall be deprived of his license and shall be forever disqualified for the office of pilot.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 1488; Code 1868, § 1545; Code 1873, § 1539; Code 1882, § 1539; Civil Code 1895, § 1687; Civil Code 1910, § 1933; Code 1933, § 98-103.)
GA Code § 52-8-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 8 - Discharge of Substances Dangerous to Navigation or Property|§ 52-8-3. Recovery of Forfeiture; Attachment and Replevy of Vessels

 Upon receipt by the Board of Pilotage Commissioners of satisfactory evidence of the offense specified in Code Section 52-8-1, it shall be the duty of the board to proceed to recover the forfeiture provided for in that Code section by process of attachment in the name of the state, which may be issued as other attachments on the oath of the informer or of one of the commissioners and may be levied on the vessel from which the offense was committed. The vessel may be replevied by the master, owner, or consignee by giving bond, payable to the state, in double the amount of the penalty, with the condition to have the vessel forthcoming to satisfy such judgment as may be rendered in the action.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 1487; Code 1868, § 1544; Code 1873, § 1538; Code 1882, § 1538; Civil Code 1895, § 1686; Civil Code 1910, § 1932; Code 1933, § 98-104.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 80 C.J.S., Shipping, § 5.
GA Code § 52-8-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 8 - Discharge of Substances Dangerous to Navigation or Property|§ 52-8-4. Power of Municipalities to Prohibit Throwing or Depositing of Substances Which Might Lessen Depth of Navigable Waters

 The corporate authorities of any municipality in this state are authorized, within their respective jurisdictions, to prohibit, under proper penalties, the throwing or depositing in navigable waters of any substance of any nature or kind which might in any degree lessen the depth of navigable water within the jurisdictional limits of such municipalities.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 1489; Code 1868, § 1546; Code 1873, § 1540; Code 1882, § 1540; Civil Code 1895, § 1688; Civil Code 1910, § 1934; Code 1933, § 98-105; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 52.)
GA Code § 52-8-5 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 8 - Discharge of Substances Dangerous to Navigation or Property|§ 52-8-5. Power of Municipalities to Prohibit Throwing or Depositing of Substances Dangerous to Navigation or Injurious to Vessels

 The corporate authorities of any municipality in this state are authorized, within their respective jurisdictions, to prohibit under proper penalties the throwing or depositing in navigable waters, of any substance which they might consider dangerous to navigation or injurious to vessels or to property abutting upon such navigable waters; and the master of any vessel from which any forbidden substance is thrown or deposited in violation of any ordinance promulgated under this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.   (Ga. L. 1945, p. 279, § 26.)
GA Code § 52-9-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 9 - River and Harbor Development|§ 52-9-1. Projects for Improving Navigation Channels

 The General Assembly recognizes the need for maintaining navigation inlets, harbors, and rivers to promote commercial and recreational uses of our coastal waters and their resources. The General Assembly further recognizes that dredging activities to deepen or maintain navigation channels within tidal inlets, as well as the entrances to harbors and rivers, often alter the natural drift of sand resources within the littoral zone. This alteration can be exacerbated when the sand resources are deposited in designated upland or offshore disposal areas instead of being returned to the natural river-sand transport-beach system. This alteration can adversely impact natural resources, recreation, tourism, and associated coastal economies. Moreover, the General Assembly believes in the duties of government to protect life and property. Therefore, it is the policy of this state that there shall be no net loss of sand from the state's coastal barrier beaches resulting from dredging activities to deepen or maintain navigation channels within tidal inlets, as well as the entrances to harbors and rivers.   (Ga. L. 1967, p. 516; Ga. L. 1972, p. 1015, § 1516; Ga. L. 2002, p. 569, § 2; Ga. L. 2004, p. 784, § 1.)   Cross references.   - Powers and duties of Department of Natural Resources regarding rivers, § 12-5-331.
GA Code § 52-9-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 9 - River and Harbor Development|§ 52-9-2. Disposal of Sand and Sediment Originating From Water Navigation Related Projects

  With regard to all sand that is suitable for beach replenishment originating from the dredging of navigation channels within tidal inlets, as well as the entrances to harbors and rivers:   Such sand shall be used to replenish the adjacent coastal beaches, if feasible, either by deposition of sand into the nearshore littoral zone or direct placement on affected beaches;   If such sand is placed elsewhere, then a quality and quantity of sand from an alternate location necessary to mitigate any adverse effects caused by the dredging shall be used to replenish affected coastal beaches; provided, however, that this paragraph shall apply only where beach replenishment is necessary to mitigate effects from the dredging and dredged material removal from the natural river-sand transport-beach system of a specific project and beach replenishment from another source is the least costly environmentally sound mitigation option;   The disposition of sand shall be completed in cooperation with and, when required by applicable state or federal law, with the approval of the local governing authority and the Department of Natural Resources according to the requirements of Part 2 of Article 4 of Chapter 5 of Title 12, the "Shore Protection Act"; and   All such activities shall provide protection to coastal marshlands as defined in paragraph (3) of Code Section 12-5-282 and to nesting sea turtles and hatchlings and their habitats.     The Department of Natural Resources and the party undertaking the dredging shall coordinate to determine the option under subsection (a) of this Code section for beach replenishment that is most beneficial to the adjacent or affected coastal beaches, including, where applicable, identifying an alternate source of sand for purposes of paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of this Code section, after taking into consideration environmental impacts and any limitation of applicable state and federal law.    (Ga. L. 1967, p. 516; Ga. L. 1972, p. 1015, § 1516; Ga. L. 2002, p. 569, § 2; Ga. L. 2004, p. 784, § 1; Ga. L. 2005, p. 60, § 52/HB 95.)   Cross references.   - Authority of Department of Natural Resources to contract and make agreements, § 12-3-5.
GA Code § 52-10-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 10 - Foreign Trade Zones|§ 52-10-1. "Public Corporation" Defined

 As used in this chapter, "public corporation" means the State of Georgia or any political subdivision thereof, any public agency of this state or of any political subdivision thereof, or any public board, bureau, commission, or authority created by the General Assembly.   (Ga. L. 1965, p. 40, § 2.)
GA Code § 52-10-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 10 - Foreign Trade Zones|§ 52-10-2. Application by Public Corporation to Establish and Operate Foreign Trade Zone

 Any public corporation of the State of Georgia, as that term is defined in Code Section 52-10-1, is authorized to make application for the privilege of establishing, operating, and maintaining a foreign trade zone in accordance with an act of Congress approved June 18, 1934, entitled "An Act to provide for the establishment, operation, and maintenance of foreign trade zones in ports of entry of the United States, to expedite and encourage foreign commerce, and for other purposes."   (Ga. L. 1965, p. 40, § 1.)
GA Code § 52-10-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 52 - Waters of the State, Ports, and Watercraft|Chapter 10 - Foreign Trade Zones|§ 52-10-3. Application by Private Corporation to Establish and Operate Foreign Trade Zone

 Any private corporation hereafter organized under the laws of this state for the purpose of establishing, operating, and maintaining a foreign trade zone in accordance with the act of Congress referred to in Code Section 52-10-2 is authorized to make application for the privilege of establishing, operating, and maintaining a foreign trade zone in accordance with the said act of Congress.   (Ga. L. 1965, p. 40, § 3.)