FL Stat § 409.908 (2021)
2021 Florida Statutes|Title XXX - Social Welfare|Chapter 409 - Social and Economic Assistance|Part III - Medicaid (Ss. 409.901-409.9205)|409.908 - Reimbursement of Medicaid providers.

409.908 Reimbursement of Medicaid providers.—Subject to specific appropriations, the agency shall reimburse Medicaid providers, in accordance with state and federal law, according to methodologies set forth in the rules of the agency and in policy manuals and handbooks incorporated by reference therein. These methodologies may include fee schedules, reimbursement methods based on cost reporting, negotiated fees, competitive bidding pursuant to s. 287.057, and other mechanisms the agency considers efficient and effective for purchasing services or goods on behalf of recipients. If a provider is reimbursed based on cost reporting and submits a cost report late and that cost report would have been used to set a lower reimbursement rate for a rate semester, then the provider’s rate for that semester shall be retroactively calculated using the new cost report, and full payment at the recalculated rate shall be effected retroactively. Medicare-granted extensions for filing cost reports, if applicable, shall also apply to Medicaid cost reports. Payment for Medicaid compensable services made on behalf of Medicaid-eligible persons is subject to the availability of moneys and any limitations or directions provided for in the General Appropriations Act or chapter 216. Further, nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent or limit the agency from adjusting fees, reimbursement rates, lengths of stay, number of visits, or number of services, or making any other adjustments necessary to comply with the availability of moneys and any limitations or directions provided for in the General Appropriations Act, provided the adjustment is consistent with legislative intent.(1) Reimbursement to hospitals licensed under part I of chapter 395 must be made prospectively or on the basis of negotiation.(a) Reimbursement for inpatient care is limited as provided in s. 409.905(5), except as otherwise provided in this subsection.1. If authorized by the General Appropriations Act, the agency may modify reimbursement for specific types of services or diagnoses, recipient ages, and hospital provider types.2. The agency may establish an alternative methodology to the DRG-based prospective payment system to set reimbursement rates for:a. State-owned psychiatric hospitals.b. Newborn hearing screening services.c. Transplant services for which the agency has established a global fee.d. Recipients who have tuberculosis that is resistant to therapy who are in need of long-term, hospital-based treatment pursuant to s. 392.62.3. The agency shall modify reimbursement according to other methodologies recognized in the General Appropriations Act.The agency may receive funds from state entities, including, but not limited to, the Department of Health, local governments, and other local political subdivisions, for the purpose of making special exception payments, including federal matching funds, through the Medicaid inpatient reimbursement methodologies. Funds received for this purpose shall be separately accounted for and may not be commingled with other state or local funds in any manner. The agency may certify all local governmental funds used as state match under Title XIX of the Social Security Act, to the extent and in the manner authorized under the General Appropriations Act and pursuant to an agreement between the agency and the local governmental entity. In order for the agency to certify such local governmental funds, a local governmental entity must submit a final, executed letter of agreement to the agency, which must be received by October 1 of each fiscal year and provide the total amount of local governmental funds authorized by the entity for that fiscal year under this paragraph, paragraph (b), or the General Appropriations Act. The local governmental entity shall use a certification form prescribed by the agency. At a minimum, the certification form must identify the amount being certified and describe the relationship between the certifying local governmental entity and the local health care provider. The agency shall prepare an annual statement of impact which documents the specific activities undertaken during the previous fiscal year pursuant to this paragraph, to be submitted to the Legislature annually by January 1.(b) Reimbursement for hospital outpatient care is limited to $1,500 per state fiscal year per recipient, except for:1. Such care provided to a Medicaid recipient under age 21, in which case the only limitation is medical necessity.2. Renal dialysis services.3. Other exceptions made by the agency.The agency is authorized to receive funds from state entities, including, but not limited to, the Department of Health, the Board of Governors of the State University System, local governments, and other local political subdivisions, for the purpose of making payments, including federal matching funds, through the Medicaid outpatient reimbursement methodologies. Funds received from state entities and local governments for this purpose shall be separately accounted for and shall not be commingled with other state or local funds in any manner.(c) The agency may receive intergovernmental transfers of funds from governmental entities, including, but not limited to, the Department of Health, local governments, and other local political subdivisions, for the advancement of the Medicaid program and for enhancing or supplementing provider reimbursement under this part and part IV. The agency shall seek and maintain a low-income pool in a manner authorized by federal waiver and implemented under spending authority granted in the General Appropriations Act. The low-income pool must be used to support enhanced access to services by offsetting shortfalls in Medicaid reimbursement or paying for otherwise uncompensated care, and the agency shall seek waiver authority to encourage the donation of intergovernmental transfers and to utilize intergovernmental transfers as the state’s share of Medicaid funding within the low-income pool.(d) Hospitals that provide services to a disproportionate share of low-income Medicaid recipients, or that participate in the regional perinatal intensive care center program under chapter 383, or that participate in the statutory teaching hospital disproportionate share program may receive additional reimbursement. The total amount of payment for disproportionate share hospitals shall be fixed by the General Appropriations Act. The computation of these payments must be made in compliance with all federal regulations and the methodologies described in ss. 409.911 and 409.9113.(e) The agency is authorized to limit inflationary increases for outpatient hospital services as directed by the General Appropriations Act.(f)1. Pursuant to chapter 120, the agency shall furnish to providers written notice of the audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care established by the agency. The written notice constitutes final agency action. A substantially affected provider seeking to correct or adjust the calculation of the audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care, other than a challenge to the methodologies set forth in the rules of the agency and in reimbursement plans incorporated by reference therein used to calculate the reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care, may request an administrative hearing to challenge the final agency action by filing a petition with the agency within 180 days after receipt of the written notice by the provider. The petition must include all documentation supporting the challenge upon which the provider intends to rely at the administrative hearing and may not be amended or supplemented except as authorized under uniform rules adopted pursuant to s. 120.54(5). The failure to timely file a petition in compliance with this subparagraph is deemed conclusive acceptance of the audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care established by the agency.2. Any challenge to the methodologies set forth in the rules of the agency and in reimbursement plans incorporated by reference therein used to calculate the reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care may not result in a correction or an adjustment of a reimbursement rate for a rate period that occurred more than 5 years before the date the petition initiating the proceeding was filed.3. This paragraph applies to any challenge to final agency action which seeks the correction or adjustment of a provider’s audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care and to any challenge to the methodologies set forth in the rules of the agency and in reimbursement plans incorporated by reference therein used to calculate the reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care, including any right to challenge which arose before July 1, 2015. A correction or adjustment of an audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care which is required by an administrative order or appellate decision:a. Must be reconciled in the first rate period after the order or decision becomes final.b. May not be the basis for any challenge to correct or adjust hospital rates required to be paid by any Medicaid managed care provider pursuant to part IV of this chapter.4. The agency may not be compelled by an administrative body or a court to pay additional compensation to a hospital relating to the establishment of audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rates by the agency or for remedies relating to such rates, unless an appropriation has been made by law for the exclusive, specific purpose of paying such additional compensation. As used in this subparagraph, the term “appropriation made by law” has the same meaning as provided in s. 11.066.5. Any period of time specified in this paragraph is not tolled by the pendency of any administrative or appellate proceeding.6. The exclusive means to challenge a written notice of an audited hospital cost-based per diem reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care for the purpose of correcting or adjusting such rate before, on, or after July 1, 2015, or to challenge the methodologies set forth in the rules of the agency and in reimbursement plans incorporated by reference therein used to calculate the reimbursement rate for inpatient and outpatient care is through an administrative proceeding pursuant to chapter 120.(2)(a)1. Reimbursement to nursing homes licensed under part II of chapter 400 and state-owned-and-operated intermediate care facilities for the developmentally disabled licensed under part VIII of chapter 400 must be made prospectively.2. Unless otherwise limited or directed in the General Appropriations Act, reimbursement to hospitals licensed under part I of chapter 395 for the provision of swing-bed nursing home services must be made on the basis of the average statewide nursing home payment, and reimbursement to a hospital licensed under part I of chapter 395 for the provision of skilled nursing services must be made on the basis of the average nursing home payment for those services in the county in which the hospital is located. When a hospital is located in a county that does not have any community nursing homes, reimbursement shall be determined by averaging the nursing home payments in counties that surround the county in which the hospital is located. Reimbursement to hospitals, including Medicaid payment of Medicare copayments, for skilled nursing services shall be limited to 30 days, unless a prior authorization has been obtained from the agency. Medicaid reimbursement may be extended by the agency beyond 30 days, and approval must be based upon verification by the patient’s physician that the patient requires short-term rehabilitative and recuperative services only, in which case an extension of no more than 15 days may be approved. Reimbursement to a hospital licensed under part I of chapter 395 for the temporary provision of skilled nursing services to nursing home residents who have been displaced as the result of a natural disaster or other emergency may not exceed the average county nursing home payment for those services in the county in which the hospital is located and is limited to the period of time which the agency considers necessary for continued placement of the nursing home residents in the hospital.(b) Subject to any limitations or directions in the General Appropriations Act, the agency shall establish and implement a state Title XIX Long-Term Care Reimbursement Plan for nursing home care in order to provide care and services in conformance with the applicable state and federal laws, rules, regulations, and quality and safety standards and to ensure that individuals eligible for medical assistance have reasonable geographic access to such care.1. The agency shall amend the long-term care reimbursement plan and cost reporting system to create direct care and indirect care subcomponents of the patient care component of the per diem rate. These two subcomponents together shall equal the patient care component of the per diem rate. Separate prices shall be calculated for each patient care subcomponent, initially based on the September 2016 rate setting cost reports and subsequently based on the most recently audited cost report used during a rebasing year. The direct care subcomponent of the per diem rate for any providers still being reimbursed on a cost basis shall be limited by the cost-based class ceiling, and the indirect care subcomponent may be limited by the lower of the cost-based class ceiling, the target rate class ceiling, or the individual provider target. The ceilings and targets apply only to providers being reimbursed on a cost-based system. Effective October 1, 2018, a prospective payment methodology shall be implemented for rate setting purposes with the following parameters:a. Peer Groups, including:(I) North-SMMC Regions 1-9, less Palm Beach and Okeechobee Counties; and(II) South-SMMC Regions 10-11, plus Palm Beach and Okeechobee Counties.b. Percentage of Median Costs based on the cost reports used for September 2016 rate setting:(I) Direct Care Costs..........100 percent.(II) Indirect Care Costs..........92 percent.(III) Operating Costs..........86 percent.c. Floors:(I) Direct Care Component..........95 percent.(II) Indirect Care Component..........92.5 percent.(III) Operating Component..........None.d. Pass-through Payments..........Real Estate and     Personal Property     Taxes and Property Insurance.e. Quality Incentive Program PaymentPool..........6 percent of September     2016 non-property related     payments of included facilities.f. Quality Score Threshold to Quality for Quality IncentivePayment..........20th percentile of included facilities.g. Fair Rental Value System Payment Parameters:(I) Building Value per Square Foot based on 2018 RS Means.(II) Land Valuation..........10 percent of Gross Building value.(III) Facility Square Footage..........Actual Square Footage.(IV) Moveable Equipment Allowance..........$8,000 per bed.(V) Obsolescence Factor..........1.5 percent.(VI) Fair Rental Rate of Return..........8 percent.(VII) Minimum Occupancy..........90 percent.(VIII) Maximum Facility Age..........40 years.(IX) Minimum Square Footage per Bed..........350.(X) Maximum Square Footage for Bed..........500.(XI) Minimum Cost of a renovation/replacements..........$500 per bed.h. Ventilator Supplemental payment of $200 per Medicaid day of 40,000 ventilator Medicaid days per fiscal year.2. The direct care subcomponent shall include salaries and benefits of direct care staff providing nursing services including registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants who deliver care directly to residents in the nursing home facility, allowable therapy costs, and dietary costs. This excludes nursing administration, staff development, the staffing coordinator, and the administrative portion of the minimum data set and care plan coordinators. The direct care subcomponent also includes medically necessary dental care, vision care, hearing care, and podiatric care.3. All other patient care costs shall be included in the indirect care cost subcomponent of the patient care per diem rate, including complex medical equipment, medical supplies, and other allowable ancillary costs. Costs may not be allocated directly or indirectly to the direct care subcomponent from a home office or management company.4. On July 1 of each year, the agency shall report to the Legislature direct and indirect care costs, including average direct and indirect care costs per resident per facility and direct care and indirect care salaries and benefits per category of staff member per facility.5. Every fourth year, the agency shall rebase nursing home prospective payment rates to reflect changes in cost based on the most recently audited cost report for each participating provider.6. A direct care supplemental payment may be made to providers whose direct care hours per patient day are above the 80th percentile and who provide Medicaid services to a larger percentage of Medicaid patients than the state average.7. For the period beginning on October 1, 2018, and ending on September 30, 2021, the agency shall reimburse providers the greater of their September 2016 cost-based rate or their prospective payment rate. Effective October 1, 2021, the agency shall reimburse providers the greater of 95 percent of their cost-based rate or their rebased prospective payment rate, using the most recently audited cost report for each facility. This subparagraph shall expire September 30, 2023.8. Pediatric, Florida Department of Veterans Affairs, and government-owned facilities are exempt from the pricing model established in this subsection and shall remain on a cost-based prospective payment system. Effective October 1, 2018, the agency shall set rates for all facilities remaining on a cost-based prospective payment system using each facility’s most recently audited cost report, eliminating retroactive settlements.It is the intent of the Legislature that the reimbursement plan achieve the goal of providing access to health care for nursing home residents who require large amounts of care while encouraging diversion services as an alternative to nursing home care for residents who can be served within the community. The agency shall base the establishment of any maximum rate of payment, whether overall or component, on the available moneys as provided for in the General Appropriations Act. The agency may base the maximum rate of payment on the results of scientifically valid analysis and conclusions derived from objective statistical data pertinent to the particular maximum rate of payment.(3) Subject to any limitations or directions provided for in the General Appropriations Act, the following Medicaid services and goods may be reimbursed on a fee-for-service basis. For each allowable service or goods furnished in accordance with Medicaid rules, policy manuals, handbooks, and state and federal law, the payment shall be the amount billed by the provider, the provider’s usual and customary charge, or the maximum allowable fee established by the agency, whichever amount is less, with the exception of those services or goods for which the agency makes payment using a methodology based on capitation rates, average costs, or negotiated fees.(a) Advanced practice registered nurse services.(b) Birth center services.(c) Chiropractic services.(d) Community mental health services.(e) Dental services, including oral and maxillofacial surgery.(f) Durable medical equipment.(g) Hearing services.(h) Occupational therapy for Medicaid recipients under age 21.(i) Optometric services.(j) Orthodontic services.(k) Personal care for Medicaid recipients under age 21.(l) Physical therapy for Medicaid recipients under age 21.(m) Physician assistant services.(n) Podiatric services.(o) Portable X-ray services.(p) Private-duty nursing for Medicaid recipients under age 21.(q) Registered nurse first assistant services.(r) Respiratory therapy for Medicaid recipients under age 21.(s) Speech therapy for Medicaid recipients under age 21.(t) Visual services.(4) Subject to any limitations or directions provided for in the General Appropriations Act, alternative health plans, health maintenance organizations, and prepaid health plans shall be reimbursed a fixed, prepaid amount negotiated, or competitively bid pursuant to s. 287.057, by the agency and prospectively paid to the provider monthly for each Medicaid recipient enrolled. The amount may not exceed the average amount the agency determines it would have paid, based on claims experience, for recipients in the same or similar category of eligibility. The agency shall calculate capitation rates on a regional basis and, beginning September 1, 1995, shall include age-band differentials in such calculations.(5) Effective July 1, 2017, an ambulatory surgical center shall be reimbursed pursuant to a prospective payment methodology. The agency shall implement a prospective payment methodology for establishing reimbursement rates for ambulatory surgical centers. Rates shall be calculated annually and take effect July 1, 2017, and on July 1 each year thereafter. The methodology shall categorize the amount and type of services used in various ambulatory visits which group together procedures and medical visits that share similar characteristics and resource utilization.(6) A provider of early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and treatment services to Medicaid recipients who are children under age 21 shall be reimbursed using an all-inclusive rate stipulated in a fee schedule established by the agency. A provider of the visual, dental, and hearing components of such services shall be reimbursed the lesser of the amount billed by the provider or the Medicaid maximum allowable fee established by the agency.(7) A provider of family planning services shall be reimbursed the lesser of the amount billed by the provider or an all-inclusive amount per type of visit for physicians and advanced practice registered nurses, as established by the agency in a fee schedule.(8) A provider of home-based or community-based services rendered pursuant to a federally approved waiver shall be reimbursed based on an established or negotiated rate for each service. These rates shall be established according to an analysis of the expenditure history and prospective budget developed by each contract provider participating in the waiver program, or under any other methodology adopted by the agency and approved by the Federal Government in accordance with the waiver. Privately owned and operated community-based residential facilities which meet agency requirements and which formerly received Medicaid reimbursement for the optional intermediate care facility for the intellectually disabled service may participate in the developmental services waiver as part of a home-and-community-based continuum of care for Medicaid recipients who receive waiver services.(9) A provider of home health care services or of medical supplies and appliances shall be reimbursed on the basis of competitive bidding or for the lesser of the amount billed by the provider or the agency’s established maximum allowable amount, except that, in the case of the rental of durable medical equipment, the total rental payments may not exceed the purchase price of the equipment over its expected useful life or the agency’s established maximum allowable amount, whichever amount is less.(10) A hospice shall be reimbursed through a prospective system for each Medicaid hospice patient at Medicaid rates using the methodology established for hospice reimbursement pursuant to Title XVIII of the federal Social Security Act.(11) A provider of independent laboratory services shall be reimbursed on the basis of competitive bidding or for the least of the amount billed by the provider, the provider’s usual and customary charge, or the Medicaid maximum allowable fee established by the agency.(12)(a) A physician shall be reimbursed the lesser of the amount billed by the provider or the Medicaid maximum allowable fee established by the agency.(b) The agency shall adopt a fee schedule, subject to any limitations or directions provided for in the General Appropriations Act, based on a resource-based relative value scale for pricing Medicaid physician services. Under this fee schedule, physicians shall be paid a dollar amount for each service based on the average resources required to provide the service, including, but not limited to, estimates of average physician time and effort, practice expense, and the costs of professional liability insurance. The fee schedule shall provide increased reimbursement for preventive and primary care services and lowered reimbursement for specialty services by using at least two conversion factors, one for cognitive services and another for procedural services. The fee schedule shall not increase total Medicaid physician expenditures unless moneys are available. The Agency for Health Care Administration shall seek the advice of a 16-member advisory panel in formulating and adopting the fee schedule. The panel shall consist of Medicaid physicians licensed under chapters 458 and 459 and shall be composed of 50 percent primary care physicians and 50 percent specialty care physicians.(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b), reimbursement fees to physicians for providing total obstetrical services to Medicaid recipients, which include prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care, shall be at least $1,500 per delivery for a pregnant woman with low medical risk and at least $2,000 per delivery for a pregnant woman with high medical risk. However, reimbursement to physicians working in Regional Perinatal Intensive Care Centers designated pursuant to chapter 383, for services to certain pregnant Medicaid recipients with a high medical risk, may be made according to obstetrical care and neonatal care groupings and rates established by the agency. Nurse midwives licensed under part I of chapter 464 or midwives licensed under chapter 467 shall be reimbursed at no less than 80 percent of the low medical risk fee. The agency shall by rule determine, for the purpose of this paragraph, what constitutes a high or low medical risk pregnant woman and shall not pay more based solely on the fact that a caesarean section was performed, rather than a vaginal delivery. The agency shall by rule determine a prorated payment for obstetrical services in cases where only part of the total prenatal, delivery, or postpartum care was performed. The Department of Health shall adopt rules for appropriate insurance coverage for midwives licensed under chapter 467. Prior to the issuance and renewal of an active license, or reactivation of an inactive license for midwives licensed under chapter 467, such licensees shall submit proof of coverage with each application.(13) Medicare premiums for persons eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid coverage shall be paid at the rates established by Title XVIII of the Social Security Act. For Medicare services rendered to Medicaid-eligible persons, Medicaid shall pay Medicare deductibles and coinsurance as follows:(a) Medicaid’s financial obligation for deductibles and coinsurance payments shall be based on Medicare allowable fees, not on a provider’s billed charges.(b) Medicaid will pay no portion of Medicare deductibles and coinsurance when payment that Medicare has made for the service equals or exceeds what Medicaid would have paid if it had been the sole payor. The combined payment of Medicare and Medicaid shall not exceed the amount Medicaid would have paid had it been the sole payor. The Legislature finds that there has been confusion regarding the reimbursement for services rendered to dually eligible Medicare beneficiaries. Accordingly, the Legislature clarifies that it has always been the intent of the Legislature before and after 1991 that, in reimbursing in accordance with fees established by Title XVIII for premiums, deductibles, and coinsurance for Medicare services rendered by physicians to Medicaid eligible persons, physicians be reimbursed at the lesser of the amount billed by the physician or the Medicaid maximum allowable fee established by the Agency for Health Care Administration, as is permitted by federal law. It has never been the intent of the Legislature with regard to such services rendered by physicians that Medicaid be required to provide any payment for deductibles, coinsurance, or copayments for Medicare cost sharing, or any expenses incurred relating thereto, in excess of the payment amount provided for under the State Medicaid plan for such service. This payment methodology is applicable even in those situations in which the payment for Medicare cost sharing for a qualified Medicare beneficiary with respect to an item or service is reduced or eliminated. This expression of the Legislature is in clarification of existing law and shall apply to payment for, and with respect to provider agreements with respect to, items or services furnished on or after the effective date of this act. This paragraph applies to payment by Medicaid for items and services furnished before the effective date of this act if such payment is the subject of a lawsuit that is based on the provisions of this section, and that is pending as of, or is initiated after, the effective date of this act.(c) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b):1. Medicaid payments for Nursing Home Medicare part A coinsurance are limited to the Medicaid nursing home per diem rate less any amounts paid by Medicare, but only up to the amount of Medicare coinsurance. The Medicaid per diem rate shall be the rate in effect for the dates of service of the crossover claims and may not be subsequently adjusted due to subsequent per diem rate adjustments.2. Medicaid shall pay all deductibles and coinsurance for Medicare-eligible recipients receiving freestanding end stage renal dialysis center services.3. Medicaid payments for general and specialty hospital inpatient services are limited to the Medicare deductible and coinsurance per spell of illness. Medicaid payments for hospital Medicare Part A coinsurance shall be limited to the Medicaid hospital per diem rate less any amounts paid by Medicare, but only up to the amount of Medicare coinsurance. Medicaid payments for coinsurance shall be limited to the Medicaid per diem rate in effect for the dates of service of the crossover claims and may not be subsequently adjusted due to subsequent per diem adjustments.4. Medicaid shall pay all deductibles and coinsurance for Medicare-covered services provided to Medicare-eligible recipients by ambulances licensed pursuant to chapter 401 according to the corresponding procedure codes for such services.5. Medicaid shall pay all deductibles and coinsurance for portable X-ray Medicare Part B services provided in a nursing home, in an assisted living facility, or in the patient’s home.(14) A provider of prescribed drugs shall be reimbursed in an amount not to exceed the lesser of the actual acquisition cost based on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services National Average Drug Acquisition Cost pricing files plus a professional dispensing fee, the wholesale acquisition cost plus a professional dispensing fee, the state maximum allowable cost plus a professional dispensing fee, or the usual and customary charge billed by the provider.(a) Medicaid providers must dispense generic drugs if available at lower cost and the agency has not determined that the branded product is more cost-effective, unless the prescriber has requested and received approval to require the branded product.(b) The agency may establish a supplemental pharmaceutical dispensing fee to be paid to providers returning unused unit-dose packaged medications to stock and crediting the Medicaid program for the ingredient cost of those medications if the ingredient costs to be credited exceed the value of the supplemental dispensing fee.(c) The agency may limit reimbursement for prescribed medicine in order to comply with any limitations or directions provided in the General Appropriations Act, which may include implementing a prospective or concurrent utilization review program.(15) A provider of primary care case management services rendered pursuant to a federally approved waiver shall be reimbursed by payment of a fixed, prepaid monthly sum for each Medicaid recipient enrolled with the provider.(16) A provider of rural health clinic services and federally qualified health center services shall be reimbursed a rate per visit based on total reasonable costs of the clinic, as determined by the agency in accordance with federal regulations.(17) A provider of targeted case management services shall be reimbursed pursuant to an established fee, except where the Federal Government requires a public provider be reimbursed on the basis of average actual costs.(18) Unless otherwise provided for in the General Appropriations Act, a provider of transportation services shall be reimbursed the lesser of the amount billed by the provider or the Medicaid maximum allowable fee established by the agency, except when the agency has entered into a direct contract with the provider, or with a community transportation coordinator, for the provision of an all-inclusive service, or when services are provided pursuant to an agreement negotiated between the agency and the provider. The agency, as provided for in s. 427.0135, shall purchase transportation services through the community coordinated transportation system, if available, unless the agency, after consultation with the commission, determines that it cannot reach mutually acceptable contract terms with the commission. The agency may then contract for the same transportation services provided in a more cost-effective manner and of comparable or higher quality and standards. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit or preclude the agency from contracting for services using a prepaid capitation rate or from establishing maximum fee schedules, individualized reimbursement policies by provider type, negotiated fees, prior authorization, competitive bidding, increased use of mass transit, or any other mechanism that the agency considers efficient and effective for the purchase of services on behalf of Medicaid clients, including implementing a transportation eligibility process. The agency shall not be required to contract with any community transportation coordinator or transportation operator that has been determined by the agency, the Department of Legal Affairs Medicaid Fraud Control Unit, or any other state or federal agency to have engaged in any abusive or fraudulent billing activities. The agency is authorized to competitively procure transportation services or make other changes necessary to secure approval of federal waivers needed to permit federal financing of Medicaid transportation services at the service matching rate rather than the administrative matching rate. Notwithstanding chapter 427, the agency is authorized to continue contracting for Medicaid nonemergency transportation services in agency service area 11 with managed care plans that were under contract for those services before July 1, 2004.(19) County health department services shall be reimbursed a rate per visit based on total reasonable costs of the clinic, as determined by the agency in accordance with federal regulations under the authority of 42 C.F.R. s. 431.615.(20) A renal dialysis facility that provides dialysis services under s. 409.906(9) must be reimbursed the lesser of the amount billed by the provider, the provider’s usual and customary charge, or the maximum allowable fee established by the agency, whichever amount is less.(21) The agency shall reimburse school districts that certify the state match pursuant to ss. 409.9071 and 1011.70 for the federal portion of the school district’s allowable costs to deliver the services, based on the reimbursement schedule. The school district shall determine the costs for delivering services as authorized in ss. 409.9071 and 1011.70 for which the state match will be certified. Reimbursement of school-based providers is contingent on such providers being enrolled as Medicaid providers and meeting the qualifications contained in 42 C.F.R. s. 440.110, unless otherwise waived by the United States Department of Health and Human Services. Speech therapy providers who are certified through the Department of Education pursuant to rule 6A-4.0176, Florida Administrative Code, are eligible for reimbursement for services that are provided on school premises. Any employee of the school district who has been fingerprinted and has received a criminal background check in accordance with Department of Education rules and guidelines is exempt from any agency requirements relating to criminal background checks.(22) The agency shall request and implement Medicaid waivers from the federal Health Care Financing Administration to advance and treat a portion of the Medicaid nursing home per diem as capital for creating and operating a risk-retention group for self-insurance purposes, consistent with federal and state laws and rules.(23)(a) The agency shall establish rates at a level that ensures no increase in statewide expenditures resulting from a change in unit costs for county health departments effective July 1, 2011. Reimbursement rates shall be as provided in the General Appropriations Act.(b)1. Base rate reimbursement for inpatient services under a diagnosis-related group payment methodology shall be provided in the General Appropriations Act.2. Base rate reimbursement for outpatient services under an enhanced ambulatory payment group methodology shall be provided in the General Appropriations Act.3. Prospective payment system reimbursement for nursing home services shall be as provided in subsection (2) and in the General Appropriations Act.(24) If a provider fails to notify the agency within 5 business days after suspension or disenrollment from Medicare, sanctions may be imposed pursuant to this chapter, and the provider may be required to return funds paid to the provider during the period of time that the provider was suspended or disenrolled as a Medicare provider.(25) In accordance with 42 C.F.R. s. 433.318(d), the agency may certify that a Medicaid provider is out of business and that any overpayments made to the provider cannot be collected under state law and procedures.(26) The agency may receive funds from state entities, including, but not limited to, the Department of Health, local governments, and other local political subdivisions, for the purpose of making special exception payments and Low Income Pool Program payments, including federal matching funds. Funds received for this purpose shall be separately accounted for and may not be commingled with other state or local funds in any manner. The agency may certify all local governmental funds used as state match under Title XIX of the Social Security Act to the extent and in the manner authorized under the General Appropriations Act and pursuant to an agreement between the agency and the local governmental entity. In order for the agency to certify such local governmental funds, a local governmental entity must submit a final, executed letter of agreement to the agency, which must be received by October 1 of each fiscal year and provide the total amount of local governmental funds authorized by the entity for that fiscal year under the General Appropriations Act. The local governmental entity shall use a certification form prescribed by the agency. At a minimum, the certification form must identify the amount being certified and describe the relationship between the certifying local governmental entity and the local health care provider. Local governmental funds outlined in the letters of agreement must be received by the agency no later than October 31 of each fiscal year in which such funds are pledged, unless an alternative plan is specifically approved by the agency. To be eligible for low-income pool funding or other forms of supplemental payments funded by intergovernmental transfers, and in addition to any other applicable requirements, essential providers identified in s. 409.975(1)(a)2. must offer to contract with each managed care plan in their region and essential providers identified in s. 409.975(1)(b)1. and 3. must offer to contract with each managed care plan in the state. Before releasing such supplemental payments, in the event the parties have not executed network contracts, the agency shall evaluate the parties’ efforts to complete negotiations. If such efforts continue to fail, the agency must withhold such supplemental payments beginning in the third quarter of the fiscal year if it determines that, based upon the totality of the circumstances, the essential provider has negotiated with the managed care plan in bad faith. If the agency determines that an essential provider has negotiated in bad faith, it must notify the essential provider at least 90 days in advance of the start of the third quarter of the fiscal year and afford the essential provider hearing rights in accordance with chapter 120.History.—s. 37, ch. 91-282; s. 17, ch. 92-179; s. 1, ch. 92-311; s. 47, ch. 93-129; s. 28, ch. 93-211; s. 2, ch. 94-299; s. 4, ch. 94-317; s. 2, ch. 95-291; s. 3, ch. 95-336; s. 5, ch. 95-393; s. 6, ch. 96-417; s. 3, ch. 97-168; s. 65, ch. 97-237; s. 1, ch. 97-243; s. 11, ch. 97-260; ss. 14, 19, ch. 97-263; s. 4, ch. 97-309; ss. 13, 38, ch. 98-46; s. 236, ch. 98-166; s. 28, ch. 98-191; ss. 17, 30, ch. 2000-163; s. 19, ch. 2000-209; s. 54, ch. 2000-256; s. 110, ch. 2000-318; s. 49, ch. 2001-45; s. 51, ch. 2001-62; s. 5, ch. 2001-104; s. 4, ch. 2001-222; s. 7, ch. 2001-377; s. 16, ch. 2002-223; s. 996, ch. 2002-387; s. 22, ch. 2002-400; s. 11, ch. 2003-405; s. 53, ch. 2004-5; s. 12, ch. 2004-270; s. 21, ch. 2004-344; s. 68, ch. 2005-2; s. 9, ch. 2005-60; s. 17, ch. 2005-133; s. 13, ch. 2006-28; s. 53, ch. 2006-227; s. 96, ch. 2007-5; s. 50, ch. 2007-217; s. 3, ch. 2007-331; s. 5, ch. 2008-143; s. 1, ch. 2008-203; s. 93, ch. 2010-5; s. 7, ch. 2010-156; s. 5, ch. 2011-61; s. 12, ch. 2011-135; s. 6, ch. 2012-33; s. 4, ch. 2013-48; s. 14, ch. 2013-162; ss. 2, 6, ch. 2015-225; s. 19, ch. 2016-65; s. 1, ch. 2016-103; ss. 8, 9, ch. 2017-129; ss. 17, 18, 19, ch. 2018-10; s. 39, ch. 2018-106; ss. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, ch. 2019-116; s. 6, ch. 2020-79; ss. 12, 13, 14, 15, 47, 48, ch. 2020-114; s. 41, ch. 2020-156; ss. 7, 8, ch. 2021-41; s. 1, ch. 2021-95; s. 2, ch. 2021-151.