reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
UT Code § 68-3-12 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 3 - Construction|Section 12 - Rules of construction.

68-3-12. Rules of construction.    (1)   (a) In the construction of a statute in the Utah Code, the general rules listed in this Subsection (1) shall be observed, unless the construction would be:   (i) inconsistent with the manifest intent of the Legislature; or     (ii) repugnant to the context of the statute.       (b) The singular includes the plural, and the plural includes the singular.     (c) A word used in one gender includes the other gender.     (d) A word used in the present tense includes the future tense.     (e) In accordance with Title 46, Chapter 4, Part 5, Electronic Records in Government Agencies, a word related to the medium used in the provision of a government service may include an electronic or other medium.     (f) "Include," "includes," or "including" means that the items listed are not an exclusive list, unless the word "only" or similar language is used to expressly indicate that the list is an exclusive list.     (g) "May" means that an action is authorized or permissive.     (h) "May not" means that an action is not authorized and is prohibited.     (i) "Must" means, depending on the context in which it is used, that:   (i) an action is required or mandatory;     (ii) an action or result is compelled by necessity;     (iii) an item is indispensable; or     (iv) an action or event is a condition precedent to:   (A) the authority to act;     (B) a prohibition;     (C) the accrual or loss of a right; or     (D) the imposition or removal of an obligation.         (j) "Shall" means that an action is required or mandatory.       (2)   (a) Except as provided in Subsection (2)(b) or (c), the use of the following terms in the Utah Code is strongly discouraged:   (i) "shall not";     (ii) "should not";     (iii) "must not"; or     (iv) "but not limited to" after "include," "includes," or "including."       (b) A term described in Subsection (2)(a) may be used when unusual circumstances exist that require the use of the term, including the use of the term:   (i) in an interstate compact; or     (ii) to ensure consistency with a federal law or rule.       (c)   (i) Except as provided in Subsection (2)(c)(ii), the use of the word "should" is strongly discouraged.     (ii) The word "should" may be used to:   (A) refer to a recommended action, including a provision that a person shall or may recommend whether an action "should" be taken;     (B) indicate an expected standard of knowledge, including a provision that a person "should" know:   (I) whether a fact exists; or     (II) that an action is likely to cause a specified result; or       (C) refer to a determination as to whether an action "should" have occurred.         (d) The use of the word "must" is strongly discouraged when the term "shall" can be used in its place.      Amended by Chapter 254, 2010 General Session
UT Code § 68-3-13 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 3 - Construction|Section 13 - Printing boldface in numbered bills -- Purpose -- Effect -- Power of Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel to change.

68-3-13. Printing boldface in numbered bills -- Purpose -- Effect -- Power of Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel to change.  A short summary of each section, part, chapter, or title, called boldface, may be printed in numbered bills introduced in the Legislature. This boldface is not law; it is intended only to highlight the content of each section, part, chapter, or title for legislators. Inaccurate boldface is not a basis for invalidating legislation. The Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel is authorized in Section 36-12-12 to change the boldface in the enrolling process so that it more accurately reflects the substance of each section, part, chapter, or title.  Enacted by Chapter 16, 1989 General Session
UT Code § 68-4-5 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 4 - Utah Commission on Uniform State Laws|Section 5 - Creation -- Members -- Terms.

 Effective 5/12/2020  68-4-5. Creation -- Members -- Terms.    (1) There is established the "Utah Commission on Uniform State Laws," which consists of members of the Utah State Bar who are appointed as commissioners to the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws as follows:   (a) one commissioner, appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall be a member of the Senate at the time of appointment;     (b) one commissioner, appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall be a member of the House of Representatives at the time of appointment;     (c) two commissioners, appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall be active members of the Utah State Bar;     (d) one commissioner who is the Legislature's general counsel or, alternatively, an attorney from the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel who is appointed by the general counsel;     (e) any commissioner that has previously served as a member of the commission and has been elected as a life member of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws according to the conference's constitution, bylaws, and rules of procedure; and     (f) up to one associate commissioner, appointed by the Legislature's general counsel, who is an attorney from the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel.       (2) Commissioners appointed by the governor shall be appointed for four-year terms commencing on the date of their confirmation by the Senate.     (3) A commissioner continues to serve:   (a) unless the commissioner dies or resigns;     (b) unless the commissioner ceases to be a member of the Utah State Bar in good standing; or     (c)   (i) for a commissioner appointed by the governor and notwithstanding expiration of the commissioner's term under Subsection (2), until the governor:   (A) reappoints the commissioner to a new term; or     (B) appoints a successor commissioner;       (ii) for the general counsel, until the general counsel ceases to serve as general counsel or appoints an attorney to serve in the general counsel's place;     (iii) for a commissioner appointed to serve in the place of the general counsel, until the general counsel chooses to serve as a commissioner or appoints a successor commissioner; or     (iv) for an associate commissioner, until the general counsel appoints a successor commissioner or elects not to fill the position of associate commissioner.        Amended by Chapter 352, 2020 General Session
UT Code § 68-4-6 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 4 - Utah Commission on Uniform State Laws|Section 6 - Vacancies.

 Effective 5/12/2020  68-4-6. Vacancies.    (1) For a commissioner who serves in a governor-appointed position described in Subsection 68-4-5(1)(a), (b), or (c):   (a) the office of a commissioner becomes vacant and the governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall immediately appoint a new commissioner upon the commissioner's:   (i) death;     (ii) resignation; or     (iii) failure to be a member of the Utah State Bar in good standing; and       (b) the governor may, with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint a new commissioner or, as applicable, reappoint the current commissioner, provided that the current commissioner meets the requirements for appointment, after any of the following events:   (i) the commissioner's failure to actively serve as commissioner;     (ii) the commissioner's refusal to serve as commissioner;     (iii) expiration of the commissioner's term;     (iv) the commissioner's appointment to another position on the commission; or     (v) the commissioner's election as a life member of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws.         (2)   (a) The commissioner who is the Legislature's general counsel shall serve only while acting as the Legislature's general counsel.     (b) A commissioner who is serving as an appointee of the Legislature's general counsel shall serve at the will of the general counsel.      Amended by Chapter 352, 2020 General Session
UT Code § 68-4-7 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 4 - Utah Commission on Uniform State Laws|Section 7 - Meetings -- Officers.

68-4-7. Meetings -- Officers.    (1) The commissioners shall meet at least once each year and shall organize by the election of one of their number as chair and another as secretary, who shall hold their respective offices for a term of two years and until their successors are elected.     (2) The chair and secretary may be reelected for additional terms.    Amended by Chapter 356, 2011 General Session
UT Code § 68-4-8 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 4 - Utah Commission on Uniform State Laws|Section 8 - Duties of commissioners.

68-4-8. Duties of commissioners.    (1) The commissioners shall:   (a) participate in the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws on behalf of the state;     (b) examine the subjects upon which uniformity of legislation in the various states of the union is desirable but that are outside the jurisdiction of the Congress of the United States;     (c) confer upon these matters with the commissioners appointed by other states for the same purpose;     (d) at the direction of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, serve on national committees that draft uniform and model laws; and     (e) devise and recommend other means to accomplish the purposes of this chapter.       (2) The commission may request a legislator to sponsor, as an item on the interim study resolution, or as a bill or resolution for introduction, any uniform legislation that the commission determines would be in the best interests of the state to adopt.    Amended by Chapter 356, 2011 General Session
UT Code § 68-4-9 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 68 - Statutes|Chapter 4 - Utah Commission on Uniform State Laws|Section 9 - Expenditures -- Oversight by Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel.

68-4-9. Expenditures -- Oversight by Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel.    (1) A commissioner may not receive compensation or benefits for the commissioner's service, but may receive per diem and travel expenses in accordance with:   (a) Section 63A-3-106;     (b) Section 63A-3-107; and     (c) rules made by the Division of Finance pursuant to Sections 63A-3-106 and 63A-3-107.       (2) The Legislature shall make appropriations to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel to pay the necessary expenses of the commissioners and to make appropriate contribution on behalf of this state to the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, including any expenses of a commissioner who has been elected as a life member of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws.     (3) The commissioners shall keep a full account of their expenditures in the discharge of their official duties and shall report the account to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel.    Amended by Chapter 356, 2011 General Session
UT Code § 69-1-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|Section 1 - Notice by, authorized.

69-1-1. Notice by, authorized.  Whenever any notice, information or intelligence is required to be given the same may be given by telegraph or telephone. Any such notice, information or intelligence shall be delivered to the telegraph or telephone operator in writing and shall be delivered to the person for whom it is intended in writing by the operator at the receiving office, who shall, on request, certify thereon that the writing so delivered is a true copy of the original. Notice by telegraph or telephone shall be deemed actual notice.  No Change Since 1953
UT Code § 69-1-2 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|Section 2 - Transmitting written instruments by telegraph or telephone authorized -- Entitled to record -- Force and effect of copies -- Documents submitted to recorder -- Requirements.

69-1-2. Transmitting written instruments by telegraph or telephone authorized -- Entitled to record -- Force and effect of copies -- Documents submitted to recorder -- Requirements.  Any power of attorney or other instrument in writing duly proved or acknowledged and certified so as to be entitled to record may, together with the certificate of its proof or acknowledgment, be sent by telegraph or telephone, and the telegraphic or telephonic copy shall prima facie have the same force and effect in all respects, and may be admitted to record and recorded in the same manner and with the same effect, as the original. Documents submitted to the county recorder for recording shall be original or certified copies from other offices of public record, as required by Title 57, Real Estate.  Amended by Chapter 93, 1990 General Session
UT Code § 69-1-3 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|Section 3 - Transmitting agreements for payment of money -- Burden of proof.

69-1-3. Transmitting agreements for payment of money -- Burden of proof.  Checks, due bills, promissory notes, bills of exchange and all orders or agreements for the payment or delivery of money or other thing of value may be made or drawn by telegraph, and when so made or drawn shall have the same force and effect to charge the maker, drawer, endorser or acceptor thereof, and shall create the same rights and equities in favor of the payee, drawee, endorsee, acceptor, holder or bearer thereof, as if duly made or drawn and delivered in writing. Except as provided in Section 69-1-4, whenever the genuineness or execution of any such instrument received by telegraph shall be denied on oath by or on behalf of the person sought to be charged thereby it shall be incumbent upon the party claiming under or alleging the existence of the same to prove the existence and execution of the original writing from which the telegraphic copy was transmitted. The original message shall in all cases be preserved in the telegraph office from which the same is sent.  Amended by Chapter 20, 1995 General Session
UT Code § 69-1-4 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 1 - General Provisions|Section 4 - Transmitting certified instruments -- Burden of proof.

69-1-4. Transmitting certified instruments -- Burden of proof.  Except as hereinbefore otherwise provided, any instrument in writing, duly certified under his hand and official seal by a notary public, commissioner of deeds or clerk of a court of record to be genuine to the personal knowledge of such officer, may, together with such certificate, be sent by telegraph or telephone. The telegraphic or telephonic copy thereof shall, prima facie only, have the same force, effect and validity in all respects as the original, and the burden of proof shall be on the party denying the genuineness or due execution of the original.  No Change Since 1953
UT Code § 69-3-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 3 - Telecommunication Towers and Related Facilities|Section 1 - Authority to acquire sites -- Title.

69-3-1. Authority to acquire sites -- Title.  The state, counties, cities, and towns may create or acquire sites to accommodate the erection of telecommunication towers and related facilities. Title to these sites shall be retained by the state, county, city, or town acquiring such sites in order to promote the location of such towers in a manageable area and to protect the aesthetics and environment of the area.  Enacted by Chapter 95, 1986 General Session
UT Code § 69-3-2 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 3 - Telecommunication Towers and Related Facilities|Section 2 - Acquisition of sites by eminent domain.

69-3-2. Acquisition of sites by eminent domain.  The state, counties, cities, and towns may acquire land for the creation of such tower sites by eminent domain or otherwise.  Enacted by Chapter 95, 1986 General Session
UT Code § 69-3-3 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 3 - Telecommunication Towers and Related Facilities|Section 3 - Use of sites.

69-3-3. Use of sites.  The state, county, city, or town after acquiring a site shall permit the public use of such site subject to the following conditions:  (1) the facilities and access roads are designed and constructed so as to minimally disturb the natural terrain;     (2) the owner of any tower on such site agrees to accommodate the multiple use of the tower where feasible; and     (3) the owner of any tower agrees to pay to the state, county, city, or town, as the case may be, the fair market rental value for the use of the site.    Enacted by Chapter 95, 1986 General Session
UT Code § 69-3-4 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 3 - Telecommunication Towers and Related Facilities|Section 4 - Grandfather clause.

69-3-4. Grandfather clause.  This chapter shall not affect the use, operation, expansion, or construction of towers and related facilities on property owned by telecommunication companies as of January 1, 1986.  Enacted by Chapter 95, 1986 General Session
UT Code § 69-4-1 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 69 - Telegraphic and Telephonic Transactions|Chapter 4 - Telecommunication Network Review|Section 1 - Telecommunication network review.

 Effective 5/8/2018  69-4-1. Telecommunication network review.    (1) Before the creation, expansion, or upgrade of a state-owned or state-funded telecommunication network, whether voice, data, or video transmission, the agency or entity proposing any change shall submit a plan to the governor detailing the proposed changes.     (2) If, after consultation with the agency or entity it is the opinion of the governor that implementation of the plan would result in significant impact on telephone ratepayers, the governor shall direct the Public Service Commission to prepare an advisory report detailing how implementing the plan will affect telephone ratepayers where the plan would be in effect.     (3) The Public Service Commission shall complete and provide the advisory report to the governor, the agency or entity involved, and the Public Utilities, Energy, and Technology Interim Committee within 60 days after receiving the governor's request.    Amended by Chapter 32, 2018 General Session
UT Code § 70A-5-101 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 70A - Uniform Commercial Code|Chapter 5 - Uniform Commercial Code - Letters of Credit|Section 101 - Title.

70A-5-101. Title.  This chapter shall be known as "Uniform Commercial Code -- Letters of Credit."  Repealed and Re-enacted by Chapter 241, 1997 General Session
UT Code § 70A-5-103 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 70A - Uniform Commercial Code|Chapter 5 - Uniform Commercial Code - Letters of Credit|Section 103 - Scope.

70A-5-103. Scope.    (1) This chapter applies to letters of credit and to certain rights and obligations arising out of transactions involving letters of credit.     (2) The statement of a rule in this chapter does not by itself require, imply, or negate application of the same or a different rule to a situation not provided for, or to a person not specified, in this chapter.     (3) With the exception of this Subsection (3), Subsections (1) and (4), Subsections 70A-5-102(9) and (10), 70A-5-106(4), and 70A-5-114(4), and except to the extent prohibited in Section 70A-1a-302 and Subsection 70A-5-117(4), the effect of this chapter may be varied by agreement or by a provision stated or incorporated by reference in an undertaking. A term in an agreement or undertaking generally excusing liability or generally limiting remedies for failure to perform obligations is not sufficient to vary obligations prescribed by this chapter.     (4) Rights and obligations of an issuer to a beneficiary or a nominated person under a letter of credit are independent of the existence, performance, or nonperformance of a contract or arrangement out of which the letter of credit arises or which underlies it, including contracts or arrangements between the issuer and the applicant and between the applicant and the beneficiary.    Amended by Chapter 272, 2007 General Session
UT Code § 70A-5-104 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 70A - Uniform Commercial Code|Chapter 5 - Uniform Commercial Code - Letters of Credit|Section 104 - Formal requirements.

70A-5-104. Formal requirements.  A letter of credit, confirmation, advice, transfer, amendment, or cancellation may be issued in any form that is a record and is authenticated:  (1) by a signature; or     (2) in accordance with the agreement of the parties or the standard practice referred to in Subsection 70A-5-108(5).    Repealed and Re-enacted by Chapter 241, 1997 General Session
UT Code § 70A-5-105 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 70A - Uniform Commercial Code|Chapter 5 - Uniform Commercial Code - Letters of Credit|Section 105 - Consideration.

70A-5-105. Consideration.  Consideration is not required to issue, amend, transfer, or cancel a letter of credit, advice, or confirmation.  Repealed and Re-enacted by Chapter 241, 1997 General Session
UT Code § 70A-5-106 (2021)
2021 Utah Code|Title 70A - Uniform Commercial Code|Chapter 5 - Uniform Commercial Code - Letters of Credit|Section 106 - Issuance, amendment, cancellation, and duration.

70A-5-106. Issuance, amendment, cancellation, and duration.    (1) A letter of credit is issued and becomes enforceable according to its terms against the issuer when the issuer sends or otherwise transmits it to the person requested to advise or to the beneficiary. A letter of credit is revocable only if it so provides.     (2) After a letter of credit is issued, rights and obligations of a beneficiary, applicant, confirmer, and issuer are not affected by an amendment or cancellation to which that person has not consented except to the extent the letter of credit provides that it is revocable or that the issuer may amend or cancel the letter of credit without that consent.     (3) If there is no stated expiration date or other provision that determines its duration, a letter of credit expires one year after its stated date of issuance or, if none is stated, after the date on which it is issued.     (4) A letter of credit that states that it is perpetual expires five years after its stated date of issuance, or if none is stated, after the date on which it is issued.    Repealed and Re-enacted by Chapter 241, 1997 General Session