reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 16-10-21 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-21. Conspiracy to Defraud State or Political Subdivision

  A person commits the offense of conspiracy to defraud the state when he conspires or agrees with another to commit theft of any property which belongs to the state or to any agency thereof or which is under the control or possession of a state officer or employee in his official capacity. The crime shall be complete when the conspiracy or agreement is effected and an overt act in furtherance thereof has been committed, regardless of whether the theft is consummated. A person convicted of the offense of conspiracy to defraud the state shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.   A person commits the offense of conspiracy to defraud a political subdivision when he conspires or agrees with another to commit theft of any property which belongs to a political subdivision or to any agency thereof or which is under the control or possession of an officer or employee of a political subdivision in his official capacity. The crime shall be complete when the conspiracy or agreement is effected and an overt act in furtherance thereof has been committed, regardless of whether the theft is consummated. A person convicted of the offense of conspiracy to defraud a political subdivision shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.    (Ga. L. 1872, p. 25, § 1; Code 1882, § 4493; Penal Code 1895, § 287; Penal Code 1910, § 291; Code 1933, § 26-4201; Code 1933, § 26-2307, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 16 Am. Jur. 2d, Conspiracy, § 1 et seq. 50 Am. Jur. 2d, Larceny, §§ 27, 31, 51 et seq., 96. 63C Am. Jur. 2d, Public Officers and Officials, § 369 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 15A C.J.S., Conspiracy, § 94 et seq.   ALR.   - When does statute of limitations begin to run against civil action or criminal prosecution for conspiracy, 62 A.L.R.2d 1369.   Criminal prosecution or disciplinary action against medical practitioner for fraud in connection with claims under medicaid, medicare, or similar welfare program for providing medical service, 50 A.L.R.3d 549.   Filing of false insurance claims for medical services as ground for disciplinary action against dentist, physician, or other medical practitioner, 70 A.L.R.4th 132.   State criminal prosecution against medical practitioner for fraud in connection with claims under Medicaid, Medicare, or similar welfare program for providing medical services, 79 A.L.R.6th 125.
GA Code § 16-10-24.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-24.1. Obstructing or Hindering Firefighters

  As used in this Code section, the term "firefighter" means:   Any person who is employed as a professional firefighter on a full-time basis for at least 40 hours per week by any county, municipal, or state fire department when such person has responsibility for preventing and suppressing fires, protecting life and property, enforcing municipal, county, or state fire prevention codes, or enforcing any law or ordinance pertaining to the prevention or control of fires;   Any volunteer firefighter as the term "volunteer firefighter" is defined by paragraph (7) of Code Section 47-7-1 as said paragraph (7) exists on January 1, 1988; or   Any person employed as a professional firefighter on a full-time basis for at least 40 hours per week by a person or corporation which has a contract with a municipality or county to provide fire prevention and fire-fighting services for such municipality or county when such person has responsibility for preventing and suppressing fires, protecting life and property, enforcing municipal or county fire prevention codes, or enforcing any municipal or county ordinances pertaining to the prevention and control of fires.     Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this Code section, a person who knowingly and willfully obstructs or hinders any firefighter in the lawful discharge of the firefighter's official duties is guilty of a misdemeanor.   Whoever knowingly and willfully resists, obstructs, or opposes any firefighter in the lawful discharge of the firefighter's official duties by offering or doing violence to the person of such firefighter is guilty of a felony and shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.     (Code 1981, §16-10-24.1, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 301, § 1; Ga. L. 1991, p. 755, § 1; Ga. L. 2002, p. 660, § 4; Ga. L. 2002, p. 1259, § 11.)
GA Code § 16-10-24.2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-24.2. Obstructing or Hindering Emergency Medical Technicians or Emergency Medical Professionals; Criminal Penalty

  As used in this Code section, the term:   "Emergency medical professional" means any person performing emergency medical services who is licensed or certified to provide health care in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 11, Chapter 26, or Chapter 34 of Title 43.   "Emergency medical technician" means any person who has been certified as an emergency medical technician, cardiac technician, paramedic, or first responder pursuant to Chapter 11 of Title 31.     Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this Code section, a person who knowingly and willfully obstructs or hinders any emergency medical technician, any emergency medical professional, or any properly identified person working under the direction of an emergency medical professional in the lawful discharge of the official duties of such emergency medical technician, emergency medical professional, or properly identified person working under the direction of an emergency medical professional is guilty of a misdemeanor.   Whoever knowingly and willfully resists or obstructs any emergency medical technician, any emergency medical professional, or any properly identified person working under the direction of an emergency medical professional in the lawful discharge of the official duties of the emergency medical technician, emergency medical professional, or properly identified person working under the direction of an emergency medical professional by threatening or doing violence to the person of such emergency medical technician, emergency medical professional, or properly identified person working under the direction of an emergency medical professional is guilty of a felony and shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.     (Code 1981, §16-10-24.2, enacted by Ga. L. 1994, p. 331, § 1; Ga. L. 1996, p. 835, § 1; Ga. L. 1999, p. 81, § 16.)
GA Code § 16-10-24.3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-24.3. Obstructing or Hindering Persons Making Emergency Telephone Calls

 Any person who verbally or physically obstructs, prevents, or hinders another person with intent to cause or allow physical harm or injury to another person from making or completing a 9-1-1 telephone call or a call to any law enforcement agency to request police protection or to report the commission of a crime is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine not to exceed $1,000.00 or imprisonment not to exceed 12 months, or both.    (Code 1981, §16-10-24.3, enacted by Ga. L. 1998, p. 608, § 1; Ga. L. 2005, p. 660, § 1/HB 470.)
GA Code § 16-10-24.4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-24.4. Obstructing or Hindering Park Ranger

  As used in this Code section, the term "park ranger" means any person, other than a law enforcement officer and other individuals covered under Code Section 16-10-24, however designated, who is employed by the state, any political subdivision of the state, or the United States for the enforcement of park rules and regulations.   Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this Code section, a person who knowingly and willfully obstructs or hinders any park ranger in the lawful discharge of his or her official duties shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.   Whoever knowingly and willfully resists, obstructs, or opposes any park ranger in the lawful discharge of his or her official duties by offering or doing violence to the person of such park ranger shall be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.     (Code 1981, §16-10-24.4, enacted by Ga. L. 2013, p. 642, § 1/HB 126.)
GA Code § 16-10-25 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-25. Giving False Name, Address, or Birthdate to Law Enforcement Officer

 A person who gives a false name, address, or date of birth to a law enforcement officer in the lawful discharge of his official duties with the intent of misleading the officer as to his identity or birthdate is guilty of a misdemeanor.   (Code 1933, § 26-2506, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 224, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "Constitutional Criminal Litigation," see 32 Mercer L. Rev. 993 (1981). For article, "Misdemeanor Sentencing in Georgia," see 7 Ga. St. B.J. 8 (2001).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Application    OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL    Maintenance of records by Georgia Crime Information Center regarding violations of former Code 1933, § 26-2506 (see now O.C.G.A. § 16-10-25). See 1976 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 76-33.   Effect of 1989 amendment on fingerprinting requirements.    - When O.C.G.A. § 16-10-25, as amended, provides that a person who gives a law enforcement officer a false date of birth, as well as a false name or address, has committed a misdemeanor, and when the previous version of this offense had previously been designated as an offense for which those charged with a violation were to be fingerprinted the statutory amendment presents no reason for that designation to be withdrawn. The designation of this offense as an offense for which those charged with a violation are to be fingerprinted shall continue. 1989 Op. Att'y Gen. 89-52.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 67 C.J.S., Obstruction of Justice or Governmental Administration, §§ 4, 18, 34.   ALR.   - Criminal liability for false personation during stop for traffic infraction, 26 A.L.R.5th 378.   Defenses to state obstruction of justice charge relating to interfering with criminal investigation or judicial proceeding, 87 A.L.R.5th 597.
GA Code § 16-10-27 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-27. Transmitting False Report of Fire

 A person who transmits in any manner to a fire department, public or private, or to any other group which is organized for the purpose of preventing or controlling fires a false report of a fire, knowing at the time that there is no reasonable ground for believing that such fire exists, is guilty of a misdemeanor.   (Ga. L. 1937, p. 373, §§ 1, 2; Code 1933, § 26-2608, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - Validity and construction of statutes or ordinances imposing civil or criminal penalties on alarm system users, installers, or servicers for false alarms, 17 A.L.R.5th 825.
GA Code § 16-10-29 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-29. Request for Ambulance Service When Not Reasonably Needed

  It shall be unlawful for any person to transmit in any manner a request for ambulance service to any person, firm, or corporation furnishing ambulance service, public or private, knowing at the time of making the request for ambulance service that there exists no reasonable need for such ambulance service.   Any person who violates subsection (a) of this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.    (Ga. L. 1977, p. 797, §§ 1, 2.)   Cross references.   - Provision of emergency medical services generally, T. 31, C. 11.
GA Code § 16-10-30 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 2 - Obstruction of Public Administration and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-30. Refusal to Obey Official Request at Fire or Other Emergency

 A person in a gathering who refuses to obey the reasonable official request or order of a peace officer or firefighter to move, for the purpose of promoting the public safety by dispersing those gathered in dangerous proximity to a fire or other emergency, is guilty of a misdemeanor.   (Code 1933, § 26-2606, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1; Ga. L. 2002, p. 660, § 4; Ga. L. 2002, p. 1259, § 11.)   Cross references.   - Freedom of assembly, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. I, Sec. I, Para. IX.    Further provisions regarding willful failure or refusal to comply with order by policeman or firefighter directing, controlling, or regulating traffic, § 40-6-2.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    O.C.G.A. § 16-10-30 is not unconstitutionally vague or overbroad. Sabel v. State, 250 Ga. 640, 300 S.E.2d 663 (1983).   Words sufficiently definite to inform.    - "Reasonable official request," "dangerous proximity," and "emergency," when given their ordinary meaning, are words of common understanding that are sufficiently definite to inform a person of common intelligence as to when that person is violating the law. Sabel v. State, 250 Ga. 640, 300 S.E.2d 663 (1983).    Application of O.C.G.A. § 16-10-30 to members of the Revolutionary Communist Party involved in an angry public confrontation with residents of an apartment complex, in the absence of any violent acts, or of efforts of the police to respond directly to any illegal conduct without focusing enforcement efforts on those engaged in speech, was unconstitutional. Sabel v. Stynchcombe, 746 F.2d 728 (11th Cir. 1984).    Cited in State v. Burroughs, 244 Ga. 288, 260 S.E.2d 5 (1979).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 53A Am. Jur. 2d, Mobs and Riots, §§ 16, 27.   C.J.S.   - 67 C.J.S., Obstructing Justice or Governmental Administration, §§ 4, 18.   ALR.   - Failure or refusal to obey police officer's order to move on, on street, as disorderly conduct, 65 A.L.R.2d 1152.   Validity and construction of statute or ordinance forbidding unauthorized persons to enter upon or remain in school building or premises, 50 A.L.R.3d 340.   What constitutes such discriminatory prosecution or enforcement of laws as to provide valid defense in state criminal proceedings, 95 A.L.R.3d 280.   Criminal and civil liability of civilians and police officers concerning recording of police actions, 84 A.L.R.6th 89.
GA Code § 16-10-50 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 3 - Escape and Other Offenses Related to Confinement|§ 16-10-50. Hindering Apprehension or Punishment of Criminal

  A person commits the offense of hindering the apprehension or punishment of a criminal when, with intention to hinder the apprehension or punishment of a person whom he knows or has reasonable grounds to believe has committed a felony or to be an escaped inmate or prisoner, he:   Harbors or conceals such person; or   Conceals or destroys evidence of the crime.     A person convicted of the offense of hindering apprehension or punishment of a criminal shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.    (Laws 1833, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 808; Code 1863, § 4384; Code 1868, § 4422; Code 1873, § 4490; Ga. L. 1876, p. 114, § 1; Code 1882, §§ 4490, 4490a; Penal Code 1895, §§ 321, 322; Penal Code 1910, §§ 326, 327; Code 1933, §§ 26-4601, 26-4602; Code 1933, § 26-2503, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL    Campus police officer must report  commission of felony or presence of escaped convict to appropriate civil authority. 1970 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 70-69.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 39 Am. Jur. 2d, Harboring Criminals, § 1 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 30A C.J.S., Escape, §§ 31, 32. 67 C.J.S., Obstructing Justice or Governmental Administration, § 35 et seq.   ALR.    - Substitution or attempted substitution of another for one under sentence as a criminal offense, 28 A.L.R. 1381.   When statute of limitations begins to run on charge of obstructing justice or of conspiracy to do so, 77 A.L.R.3d 725.
GA Code § 16-10-53 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 3 - Escape and Other Offenses Related to Confinement|§ 16-10-53. Aiding or Permitting Another to Escape Lawful Custody or Confinement

  A person who knowingly aids another in escaping from lawful custody or from any place of lawful confinement shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.   A peace officer or employee of any place of lawful confinement who recklessly permits any person in his custody to escape is guilty of a misdemeanor.    (Laws 1833, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 807; Code 1863, §§ 4376, 4377, 4379; Code 1868, §§ 4414, 4415, 4417; Code 1873, §§ 4482, 4483, 4485; Ga. L. 1876, p. 112, § 2; Code 1882, §§ 4482, 4483, 4483b, 4485; Penal Code 1895, §§ 312, 313, 315, 317; Penal Code 1910, §§ 317, 318, 320, 322; Code 1933, §§ 26-4505, 26-4506, 26-4508, 26-4510; Ga. L. 1955, p. 578, § 2; Code 1933, § 26-2502, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL   Force permitted in arresting persons reasonably suspected of aiding escape.   - If correctional officer reasonably believes persons in aircraft landing inside perimeter of correctional facility are aiding or attempting to aid an escape, then the officer is entitled to make an arrest of those persons. To effectuate this arrest the officer is justified in using reasonable force. 1981 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 81-90.    Extent to which force may be utilized in disabling aircraft landing inside perimeter of correctional facility.  See 1981 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 81-90.    Maintenance by Georgia Crime Information Center  of records regarding violations of provisions regarding aiding or permitting escape. See 1976 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 76-33.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 27A Am. Jur. 2d, Escape, § 9.   C.J.S.   - 30A C.J.S., Escape and Related Offenses; Rescue, § 24 et seq.   ALR.   - What justifies escape or attempt to escape, or assistance in that regard, 70 A.L.R.2d 1430.   Escape or prison breach as affected by means employed, 96 A.L.R.2d 520.   When statute of limitation begins to run on charge of obstructing justice or of conspiracy to do so, 77 A.L.R.3d 725.   Immunity of public officer from liability for injuries caused by negligently released individual, 5 A.L.R.4th 773.
GA Code § 16-10-55 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 3 - Escape and Other Offenses Related to Confinement|§ 16-10-55. Persuading, Enticing, Instigating, Aiding, or Abetting Person in a Penal Institution to Commit Mutiny

 A person who persuades, entices, instigates, counsels, aids, or abets a person in the lawful custody of any penal institution to commit the offense of mutiny shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years.   (Laws 1833, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 810; Code 1863, § 4397; Code 1868, § 4438; Code 1873, § 4511; Code 1882, § 4511; Penal Code 1895, § 330; Penal Code 1910, § 335; Code 1933, § 26-4802; Code 1933, § 26-2508, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - When statute of limitation begins to run on charge of obstructing justice or of conspiracy to do so, 77 A.L.R.3d 725.
GA Code § 16-10-71 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 16 - Crimes and Offenses|Chapter 10 - Offenses Against Public Administration|Article 4 - Perjury and Related Offenses|§ 16-10-71. False Swearing

  A person to whom a lawful oath or affirmation has been administered or who executes a document knowing that it purports to be an acknowledgment of a lawful oath or affirmation commits the offense of false swearing when, in any matter or thing other than a judicial proceeding, he knowingly and willfully makes a false statement.   A person convicted of the offense of false swearing shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000.00 or by imprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years, or both.    (Laws 1833, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 804; Code 1863, §§ 4357, 4358; Code 1868, §§ 4395, 4396; Code 1873, §§ 4462, 4463; Code 1882, §§ 4462, 4463; Penal Code 1895, §§ 258, 259; Penal Code 1910, §§ 261, 262; Code 1933, §§ 26-4003, 26-4004; Code 1933, § 26-2402, enacted by Ga. L. 1968, p. 1249, § 1.)   Cross references.   - False swearing in connection with candidacy for election, § 21-2-565.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Oath or Affirmation    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 60A Am. Jur. 2d, Perjury, § 2.   C.J.S.   - 70 C.J.S., Perjury, §§ 1, 3, 10, 13 et seq., 27, 44 et seq.   ALR.    - Assignment of perjury on affidavit for continuance, 1 A.L.R. 1138.    Fraud or perjury as to physical condition resulting from injury as ground for relief from or injunction against a judgment for personal injuries, 16 A.L.R. 397.    Perjury as predicated upon statements upon application for marriage license, 101 A.L.R. 1263.    Criminal offense of perjury as affected by fact that affidavit or statement under oath upon which charge of perjury was predicated was requirement not of statute, but of boards or officials in administration of statute, 108 A.L.R. 1240.    Corroboration by circumstantial evidence of testimony of single witness in prosecution for perjury, 111 A.L.R. 825.    Former jeopardy as regards successive prosecutions for perjury charged to have been committed in the same action or proceeding, 120 A.L.R. 1171.   Imputation of perjury or false swearing as actionable per se, 38 A.L.R.2d 161.   Perjury or false swearing as contempt, 89 A.L.R.2d 1258.   Civil liability of witness falsely attesting signature to document, 96 A.L.R.2d 1346.   Invalidity of statute or ordinance giving rise to proceeding in which false testimony was received as defense to prosecution for perjury, 34 A.L.R.3d 413.   Offense of perjury as affected by lack of jurisdiction by court or governmental body before which false testimony was given, 36 A.L.R.3d 1038.   Perjury conviction as affected by notary's nonobservance of formalities for administration of oath to affiant, 80 A.L.R.3d 278.   What amounts to habitual intemperance, drunkenness, excessive drug use, and the like within statute relating to substantive grounds for divorce, 101 ALR6th 455.