reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MO Rev Stat § 427.130 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.130 - Coupon book revision required, when, how.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.130. Coupon book revision required, when, how. — If any form of amortization is used by the creditor and a coupon book was sent to the debtor at the inception of the credit transaction, the creditor shall send to the debtor one of the following:  (1) A reprinted coupon book with revised calculations of the debtor's payments that includes the amortized costs of the collateral protection coverage;  (2) A supplemental coupon book with calculations of the debtor's additional payments based upon the amortized costs of the collateral protection coverage, for use by the debtor in addition to the original coupon book; or  (3) A letter with both the amortized cost of the collateral protection insurance and a calculation of the debtor's new payments including the amortized cost of the insurance. Such letter shall state in bold letters that the new payment obligation replaces the payment amount indicated in the coupon book. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.135 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.135 - Collateral protection coverage cancelled, when.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.135. Collateral protection coverage cancelled, when. — 1. Any collateral protection coverage purchased unilaterally by the creditor subsequent to the date of the credit agreement shall be cancelled whenever and for so long as:  (1) The debtor has in place substitute insurance of at least the level of coverage required by the credit agreement to protect the collateral; and  (2) The debtor is able to provide the creditor with proper evidence of such coverage.  2. If, within thirty days after notice is sent pursuant to subsection 1 or 2 of section 427.125, a debtor provides the creditor with proper evidence that the debtor had insurance on the collateral as required by the credit agreement on the date the collateral protection became effective and that the debtor continues to have insurance on the collateral as required by the credit agreement, the creditor shall cancel the coverage that it purchased and may not charge the debtor any costs, including insurance premiums, interest, or other charges in connection with the coverage. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.140 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.140 - Unearned premiums to be refunded.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.140. Unearned premiums to be refunded. — Upon cancellation or expiration of collateral protection coverage, the amount of unearned premiums, if any, as calculated in accordance with the policy approved by the department of commerce and insurance as permitted by law, shall be refunded to the debtor. The amount of unearned premiums, however, may not be calculated by the rule of 78 or sum of the digits method. A refund of unearned premiums may be credited to the debtor's obligation under the credit agreement or distributed directly to the debtor by check or other means. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.145 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.145 - Placement of coverage.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.145. Placement of coverage. — Collateral protection coverage may be placed with any insurance carrier selected by the creditor that is licensed to underwrite the insurance by the department of commerce and insurance. The insurance shall be evidenced by an individual policy or a certificate of insurance. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.150 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.150 - Liability limitation, notice.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.150. Liability limitation, notice. — A creditor that places collateral protection coverage in substantial compliance with the terms of sections 427.110 to 427.190 shall not be directly or indirectly liable in any manner to a debtor, cosigner, guarantor, or any other person in connection with the placement of the collateral protection coverage. Notices and coupon books required to be mailed to a debtor under sections 427.110 to 427.190 are not required to be mailed to any person other than to the debtor, and shall be mailed first class, postage prepaid, to the debtor's last known address on file with the creditor. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.155 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.155 - No fiduciary relationship intended.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.155. No fiduciary relationship intended. — Sections 427.110 to 427.190 do not impose a fiduciary relationship between the creditor and the debtor. Placement of collateral protection coverage is for the sole purpose of protecting the interest of the creditor when the debtor fails to insure collateral as required by the credit agreement. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.160 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.160 - Insurance not required.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.160. Insurance not required. — A creditor is not required to purchase collateral protection coverage or to otherwise insure collateral. A creditor shall not be liable to a debtor or to any other person for failure to purchase collateral protection coverage, as a result of the amount or level of coverage of collateral protection coverage purchased by the creditor, or because the creditor purchased collateral protection coverage that protects only the interests of the creditor or less than all of the interests of the debtor. Sections 427.110 to 427.190 shall not create a cause of action for damages on behalf of the debtor or any other person in connection with the placement of collateral protection coverage, and violations of these sections shall not be deemed to violate the standard of care under any common law cause of action. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.165 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.165 - Uniform commercial code not affected by act.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.165. Uniform commercial code not affected by act. — The obligations and rights of the creditor and the debtor with respect to the collateral as provided by the uniform commercial code are not affected by sections 427.110 to 427.190. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.170 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.170 - Severability — nonimpairment.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.170. Severability — nonimpairment. — The provisions of sections 427.110 to 427.190 are severable under section 1.140 and shall not impair any other remedies, rights, or options available to a creditor pursuant to any law, regulation, ruling, court order, contract, or agreement. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.180 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.180 - Insurer may claim protection of act.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.180. Insurer may claim protection of act. — Any insurer, as defined in subdivision (5) of section 375.012, that underwrites collateral protection coverage for various creditors, may claim the protection of sections 427.110 to 427.190. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.190 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.190 - Statute of limitations.

Effective - 28 Aug 1997   427.190. Statute of limitations. — An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right to determine liability for collateral protection coverage shall be commenced within five years after the cause of action accrues. The cause of action shall accrue when such collateral protection coverage is purchased. ­­-------- (L. 1997 H.B. 257)
MO Rev Stat § 427.200 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 427 - Creditor Protection|Section 427.200 - Lease of personal property allowed — writing required.

Effective - 28 Aug 1999   427.200. Lease of personal property allowed — writing required. — Any person may hold personal property for lease, except as otherwise provided by law. A lease shall be in writing and may be either the functional equivalent of a loan or a true lease where the lessee pays compensation for the use of the leased property which is returned to the lessor at the end of the lease. A motor vehicle lease may include the outstanding balance of a prior loan or lease of a motor vehicle used as a trade-in, as well as other items that are capitalized or amortized during the lease term. Lease payments shall be considered in the nature of rent rather than interest, and the provisions of chapter 408 relating to interest, shall not apply. ­­-------- (L. 1999 S.B. 386)
MO Rev Stat § 428.005 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.005 - Short title.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.005. Short title. — Sections 428.005 to 428.059 may be cited as the "Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act". ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.014 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.014 - Insolvency.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.014. Insolvency. — 1. A debtor is insolvent if the sum of the debtor's debts is greater than all of the debtor's assets at a fair valuation.  2. A debtor who is generally not paying his debts as they become due is presumed to be insolvent.  3. A partnership is insolvent under subsection 1 of this section if the sum of the partnership's debts is greater than the aggregate, at a fair valuation, of all of the partnership's assets and the sum of the excess of the value of each general partner's nonpartnership assets over the partner's nonpartnership debts.  4. Assets under this section do not include property that has been transferred, concealed, or removed with intent to hinder, delay, or defraud creditors or that has been transferred in a manner making the transfer voidable under sections 428.005 to 428.059.  5. Debts under this section do not include an obligation to the extent it is secured by a valid lien on property of the debtor not included as an asset. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.019 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.019 - Value.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.019. Value. — 1. Value is given for a transfer or an obligation if, in exchange for the transfer or obligation, property is transferred or an antecedent debt is secured or satisfied, but value does not include an unperformed promise made otherwise than in the ordinary course of the promisor's business to furnish support to the debtor or another person.  2. For the purposes of subdivision (2) of subsection 1 of section 428.024 and section 428.029, a person gives a reasonably equivalent value if the person acquires an interest of the debtor in an asset pursuant to a regularly conducted, noncollusive foreclosure sale or execution of a power of sale for the acquisition or disposition of the interest of the debtor upon default under a mortgage, deed of trust, or security agreement.  3. A transfer is made for present value if the exchange between the debtor and the transferee is intended by them to be contemporaneous and is in fact substantially contemporaneous. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.024 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.024 - Transfers fraudulent as to present and future creditors.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.024. Transfers fraudulent as to present and future creditors. — 1. A transfer made or obligation incurred by a debtor is fraudulent as to a creditor, whether the creditor's claim arose before or after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred, if the debtor made the transfer or incurred the obligation:  (1) With actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud any creditor of the debtor; or  (2) Without receiving a reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the transfer or obligation, and the debtor:  (a) Was engaged or was about to engage in a business or a transaction for which the remaining assets of the debtor were unreasonably small in relation to the business or transaction; or  (b) Intended to incur, or believed or reasonably should have believed that he would incur, debts beyond his ability to pay as they became due.  2. In determining actual intent under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of this section, consideration may be given, among other factors, to whether:  (1) The transfer or obligation was to an insider;  (2) The debtor retained possession or control of the property transferred after the transfer;  (3) The transfer or obligation was disclosed or concealed;  (4) Before the transfer was made or obligation was incurred, the debtor had been sued or threatened with suit;  (5) The transfer was of substantially all the debtor's assets;  (6) The debtor absconded;  (7) The debtor removed or concealed assets;  (8) The value of the consideration received by the debtor was reasonably equivalent to the value of the asset transferred or the amount of the obligation incurred;  (9) The debtor was insolvent or became insolvent shortly after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred;  (10) The transfer occurred shortly before or shortly after a substantial debt was incurred; and  (11) The debtor transferred the essential assets of the business to a lienor who transferred the assets to an insider of the debtor. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)  (2004) Failure to specifically plead theory of piercing the corporate veil or alter ego does not preclude creditor from recovering under Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act. Fischer v. Brancato, 147 S.W.3d 794 (Mo.App.E.D.).
MO Rev Stat § 428.029 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.029 - Transfers fraudulent as to present creditors.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.029. Transfers fraudulent as to present creditors. — 1. A transfer made or obligation incurred by a debtor is fraudulent as to a creditor whose claim arose before the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred if the debtor made the transfer or incurred the obligation without receiving a reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the transfer or obligation and the debtor was insolvent at that time or the debtor became insolvent as a result of the transfer or obligation.  2. A transfer made by a debtor is fraudulent as to a creditor whose claim arose before the transfer was made if the transfer was made to an insider for an antecedent debt, the debtor was insolvent at that time, and the insider had reasonable cause to believe that the debtor was insolvent. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.034 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.034 - When transfer is made or obligation is incurred.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.034. When transfer is made or obligation is incurred. — For the purposes of sections 428.005 to 428.059:  (1) A transfer is made:  (a) With respect to an asset that is real property other than a fixture, but including the interest of a seller or purchaser under a contract for the sale of the asset, when the transfer is so far perfected that a good-faith purchaser of the asset from the debtor against whom applicable law permits the transfer to be perfected cannot acquire an interest in the asset that is superior to the interest of the transferee; and  (b) With respect to an asset that is not real property or that is a fixture, when the transfer is so far perfected that a creditor on a simple contract cannot acquire a judicial lien otherwise than under sections 428.005 to 428.059 that is superior to the interest of the transferee;  (2) If applicable law permits the transfer to be perfected as provided in subdivision (1) of this section and the transfer is not so perfected before the commencement of an action for relief under sections 428.005 to 428.059, the transfer is deemed made immediately before the commencement of the action;  (3) If applicable law does not permit the transfer to be perfected as provided in subdivision (1) of this section, the transfer is made when it becomes effective between the debtor and the transferee;  (4) A transfer is not made until the debtor has acquired rights in the asset transferred;  (5) An obligation is incurred:  (a) If oral, when it becomes effective between the parties; or  (b) If evidenced by a writing, when the writing executed by the obligor is delivered to or for the benefit of the obligee. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.039 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.039 - Remedies of creditors.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.039. Remedies of creditors. — 1. In an action for relief against a transfer or obligation under sections 428.005 to 428.059, a creditor, subject to the limitations in section 428.044, may obtain:  (1) Avoidance of the transfer or obligation to the extent necessary to satisfy the creditor's claim;  (2) An attachment or other provisional remedy against the asset transferred or other property of the transferee in accordance with the procedure prescribed by applicable laws of this state;  (3) Subject to applicable principles of equity and in accordance with applicable rules of civil procedure,  (a) An injunction against further disposition by the debtor or a transferee, or both, of the asset transferred or of other property;  (b) Appointment of a receiver to take charge of the asset transferred or of other property of the transferee; or  (c) Any other relief the circumstances may require.  2. If a creditor has obtained a judgment on a claim against the debtor, the creditor, if the court so orders, may levy execution on the asset transferred or its proceeds. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.044 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.044 - Defenses, liability, and protection of transferee.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.044. Defenses, liability, and protection of transferee. — 1. A transfer or obligation is not voidable under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 428.024 against a person who took in good faith and for a reasonably equivalent value or against any subsequent transferee or obligee.  2. Except as otherwise provided in this section, to the extent a transfer is voidable in an action by a creditor under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 428.039, the creditor may recover judgment for the value of the asset transferred, as adjusted under subsection 3 of this section or the amount necessary to satisfy the creditor's claim, whichever is less. The judgment may be entered against:  (1) The first transferee of the asset or the person for whose benefit the transfer was made; or  (2) Any subsequent transferee other than a good-faith transferee who took for value or from any subsequent transferee.  3. If the judgment under subsection 2 of this section is based upon the value of the asset transferred, the judgment must be for an amount equal to the value of the asset at the time of the transfer, subject to adjustment as the equities may require.  4. Notwithstanding voidability of a transfer or an obligation under sections 428.005 to 428.059, a good-faith transferee or obligee is entitled, to the extent of the value given the debtor for the transfer or obligation, to:  (1) A lien on or a right to retain any interest in the asset transferred;  (2) Enforcement of any obligation incurred; or  (3) A reduction in the amount of the liability on the judgment.  5. A transfer is not voidable under subdivision (2) of subsection 1 of section 428.024 or section 428.029 if the transfer results from:  (1) Termination of a lease upon default by the debtor when the termination is pursuant to the lease and applicable law; or  (2) Enforcement of a security interest in compliance with sections 400.9-101 to 400.9-507.  6. A transfer is not voidable under subsection 2 of section 428.029:  (1) To the extent the insider gave new value to or for the benefit of the debtor after the transfer was made unless the new value was secured by a valid lien;  (2) If made in the ordinary course of business or financial affairs of the debtor and the insider; or  (3) If made pursuant to a good-faith effort to rehabilitate the debtor and the transfer secured present value given for that purpose as well as an antecedent debt of the debtor. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.049 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.049 - Extinguishment of claim for relief or cause of action.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.049. Extinguishment of claim for relief or cause of action. — A claim for relief or cause of action with respect to a fraudulent transfer or obligation under sections 428.005 to 428.059 is extinguished unless action is brought:  (1) Under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 428.024, within four years after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred or, if later, within one year after the transfer or obligation was or could reasonably have been discovered by the claimant;  (2) Under subdivision (2) of subsection 1 of section 428.024 or subsection 1 of section 428.029, within four years after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred; or  (3) Under subsection 2 of section 428.029, within one year after the transfer was made or the obligation was incurred. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.054 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.054 - Supplementary provisions.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.054. Supplementary provisions. — Unless displaced by the provisions of sections 428.005 to 428.059, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relating to principal and agent, estoppel, laches, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, insolvency, or other validating or invalidating cause, supplement its provisions. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)
MO Rev Stat § 428.059 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXVII - Debtor-Creditor Relations|Chapter 428 - Fraudulent Conveyances and Liens|Section 428.059 - Uniformity of applications and construction.

Effective - 28 Aug 1992   428.059. Uniformity of applications and construction. — Sections 428.005 to 428.059 shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of sections 428.005 to 428.059 among states enacting it. ­­-------- (L. 1992 S.B. 448)