reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AR Code § 12-64-405 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-405. Summary courts-martial punishments

 (a) Officers and warrant officers may not be tried by summary courts-martial.  (b) No person with respect to whom summary courts-martial have jurisdiction may be brought to trial before a summary court-martial if he or she objects thereto. If objection to a trial by summary court-martial is made by an accused, trial may be ordered by special or general court-martial as may be appropriate.  (c) A summary court-martial may, under such limitations as the Governor may prescribe, adjudge one (1) or more of the following punishments:  (1) Confinement with hard labor not exceeding thirty (30) days;  (2) A fine or forfeiture of pay and allowances in an amount that shall not exceed thirty (30) days of the service member's base pay and allowances;  (3) Reprimand; and  (4) Reduction of enlisted persons to a lower grade.
AR Code § 12-64-406 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-406. Convening courts-martial

 (a) General, special, and summary courts-martial may be convened by the Governor or the commanding general of the organized militia.  (b) Special courts-martial may be convened by the commanding officer of a garrison, fort, post, camp, air base, auxiliary air base, or other place where troops are on duty, or of a brigade, regiment, wing, group, detached battalion, separate squadron, or other detached command.  (c)  (1) Summary courts-martial consisting of one (1) commissioned officer may be convened by the commanding officer of a garrison, fort, post, camp, air base, auxiliary air base, or other place where the troops are on duty, or of a brigade, regiment, wing, group, detached battalion, squadron, company, or other detachment.  (2) The proceedings shall be informal.
AR Code § 12-64-407 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-407. Service on courts-martial

 (a) Any commissioned officer of or on duty with the organized militia is eligible to serve on all courts-martial for the trial of any person who may lawfully be brought before such courts for trial.  (b) Any warrant officer of or on duty with the organized militia is eligible to serve on general and special courts-martial for the trial of any person, other than a commissioned officer, who may lawfully be brought before such courts for trial.  (c)  (1)  (A) Any enlisted member of the organized militia is eligible to serve on general and special courts-martial for the trial of any enlisted member who may lawfully be brought before such courts for trial, but he or she shall serve as a member of a court only if before the convening of the court the accused personally has requested in writing that enlisted members serve on it.  (B) After such a request, the accused may not be tried by a general or special court-martial the membership of which does not include enlisted members in a number comprising at least one-third (1/3) of the total membership of the court unless eligible members cannot be obtained on account of physical conditions or military exigencies.  (C) If such members cannot be obtained, the court may be convened and the trial held without them, but the convening authority shall make a detailed written statement to be appended to the record stating why they could not be obtained.    (2) In this subsection the word, “unit” means any regularly organized body of the organized militia not larger than a company, a squadron, or a body corresponding to one of them.    (d) When it can be avoided, no person subject to this code shall be tried by a court-martial any member of which is junior to him or her in rank or grade.  (e) When convening a court-martial, the convening authority shall detail as members thereof such members as in his or her opinion are best qualified for the duty by reason of age, education, training, experience, length of service, and judicial temperament.  (f) No member is eligible to serve as a member of a general or special court-martial when he or she is the accuser or a witness for the prosecution or has acted as investigating officer or as counsel in the same case.
AR Code § 12-64-409 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-409. Military judge

 (a) A military judge shall be detailed to each general and special court-martial.  (b) The military judge shall be a commissioned officer who is a member of the bar of the highest court of a state or a member of the bar of a federal court and who is certified to be qualified for that duty by the State Judge Advocate.  (c) The military judge shall be detailed by the State Judge Advocate.  (d) Neither the convening authority nor any member of his or her staff shall prepare or review any report concerning the effectiveness, fitness, or efficiency of the military judge so detailed which relates to his or her performance of duty as a military judge.  (e) No person shall be eligible to act as military judge in a case if he or she is the accuser or a witness for the prosecution or has acted as investigating officer or as a counsel in the same case.  (f) The military judge of a court-martial may not consult with the members of the court, except in the presence of the accused, trial counsel, and defense counsel, nor may he or she vote with the members of the court.
AR Code § 12-64-410 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-410. Trial and defense counsel

 (a) For each general and special court-martial, the authority convening the court shall detail trial counsel and defense counsel.  (b)  (1) A person who has acted as investigating officer, military judge, or court member in any case shall not later act as trial counsel, assistant trial counsel, or, unless expressly requested by the accused, defense counsel or assistant defense counsel in the same case.  (2) A person who has acted for the prosecution shall not act later in the same case for the defense.  (3) A person who has acted for the defense shall not act later in the same case for the prosecution.    (c)  (1) If a victim of a crime committed subject to this code has a special victims' counsel provided at the expense of an appropriate government agency, the special victims' counsel shall be afforded all of the rights and privileges offered to counsel at similar courts of the United States Army and the United States Air Force.  (2) A judge advocate certified to practice before military courts is fully certified and qualified to serve as a special victims' counsel for the courts convened under this code, without regard to the judge advocate's licensing state.  (3) Any counsel furnished at the expense of the United States Government or the state government shall be qualified to serve as a special victims' counsel under this section and, if qualified, shall be exempt from any fees or additional requirements.
AR Code § 12-64-411 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-411. Court reporters — Interpreters

 (a) Under such rules as the Governor may prescribe, the convening authority of a general or special court-martial shall detail or employ qualified court reporters who shall record the proceedings of and testimony taken before that court.  (b) Under like rules or regulations, the convening authority of a military court may detail or employ interpreters or other professional experts who shall interpret for and assist the court.  (c) Under like rules or regulations, the convening authority of a general or special court-martial shall detail a military court clerk who shall serve in that role in any appeal prescribed by § 12-64-714.
AR Code § 12-64-412 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-412. Marshals

 (a) The military judge of a general and special court-martial and a summary court officer may each appoint by warrant, and at any time remove, one (1) or more marshals.  (b) Each marshal shall perform the usual duties of a similarly appointed marshal and shall execute any process, mandate, or order issued by the military judge or court or officer and perform all acts and duties imposed or authorized by this code to be performed by a sheriff, marshal, or constable.
AR Code § 12-64-413 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-413. Immunity of court and officers

 No action or proceeding may be prosecuted against the convening authority or a member of a military court or officer or person acting under its authority or reviewing its proceedings because of the approval, imposition, or execution of any sentence or the imposition or collection of a fine or penalty, or the execution of any process or mandate of a military court.
AR Code § 12-64-414 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 4 - Courts-Martial|§ 12-64-414. Absent and additional members

 (a) No member of a general or special court-martial shall be absent or excused after the accused has been arraigned except for physical disability or as a result of a challenge or by order of the convening authority for good cause.  (b)  (1) Whenever a general court-martial is reduced below six (6) members, the trial may not proceed unless the convening authority details new members sufficient in number to provide not less than six (6) members.  (2) When the new members have been sworn, the trial may proceed after the recorded testimony of each witness previously examined has been read to the court in the presence of the military judge, the accused, and the counsel.    (c)  (1) Whenever a special court-martial is reduced below four (4) members, the trial may not proceed unless the convening authority details new members sufficient in number to provide not less than four (4) members.  (2) When the new members have been sworn, the trial shall proceed as if no evidence has previously been introduced unless a verbatim record of the testimony of previously examined witnesses or a stipulation thereof is read to the court in the presence of the accused and counsel.
AR Code § 12-64-501 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-501. Statutes of limitations

 (a) A person charged with desertion or absence without leave in time of war or with aiding the enemy or with mutiny may be tried and punished at any time without limitation.  (b) Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person charged with an offense is not liable to be tried by court-martial if the offense was committed more than five (5) years before the receipt of sworn charges and specifications by an officer exercising court-martial jurisdiction over the command.  (c) A person charged with an offense is not liable to be punished by nonjudicial punishment if the offense was committed more than two (2) years before the imposition of nonjudicial punishment.  (d) Periods in which the accused was absent from territory in which the state has authority to apprehend him or her, or in the custody of civil authorities, or in the hands of the enemy, shall be excluded in computing the period of limitation prescribed in this section.
AR Code § 12-64-502 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-502. Charges and specifications

 (a) Charges and specifications shall be signed by a person subject to this code under oath before a person authorized by this code to administer oaths and shall state:  (1) That the signer has personal knowledge of, or has investigated the matters set forth therein; and  (2) That they are true in fact to the best of his or her knowledge and belief.    (b) Upon the preferring of charges:  (1) The proper authority shall take immediate steps to determine what disposition should be made thereof in the interest of justice and discipline; and  (2) The person accused shall be informed of the charges against him or her as soon as practicable.
AR Code § 12-64-503 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-503. Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited

 (a) No person subject to this code may compel any person to incriminate himself or herself or to answer any question, the answer to which may tend to incriminate him or her.  (b) No person subject to this code may interrogate or request any statement from an accused or a person suspected of an offense without first informing him or her of the nature of the accusation and advising him or her that he or she does not have to make any statement regarding the offense of which he or she is accused or suspected and that any statement made by him or her may be used as evidence against him or her in a trial by court-martial.  (c) No person subject to this code may compel any person to make a statement or produce evidence before any military tribunal if the statement or evidence is not material to the issue and may tend to degrade him or her.  (d) No statement obtained from any person in violation of this section or through the use of coercion, unlawful influence, or unlawful inducement may be received in evidence against him or her in a trial by court-martial.
AR Code § 12-64-504 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-504. Investigation

 (a) A preliminary hearing shall be held in accordance with 10 U.S.C. § 832 et seq., as it existed on January 1, 2019, before the referral of charges and specifications for trial by general court-martial.  (b)  (1) Under rules prescribed by the Governor, a preliminary hearing is not required if the accused submits a written waiver of the preliminary hearing to the convening authority and the convening authority grants the waiver.  (2) The purpose of the preliminary hearing shall be limited to determining the following:  (A) Whether or not the specification alleges an offense under this chapter;  (B) Whether or not there is probable cause to believe that the accused committed the offense charged;  (C) Whether or not the convening authority has court-martial jurisdiction over the accused and over the offense; and  (D) A recommendation as to the disposition that should be made of the case.    (3) The rights of the accused and the rights of the victim shall be the same as provided under 10 U.S.C. § 832 et seq., as it existed on January 1, 2019.
AR Code § 12-64-505 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-505. Reference for trial

 (a) Before directing the trial of any charge by general court-martial, the convening authority shall refer it to the State Judge Advocate for consideration and advice.  (b) The convening authority shall not refer a charge to a general court-martial for trial unless he or she has found that the charge alleges an offense under this code and is warranted by evidence indicated in the report of the investigation.  (c) If the charges or specifications are not formally correct or do not conform to the substance of the evidence contained in the report of the investigating officer, formal corrections and such changes in the charges and specifications as are needed to make them conform to the evidence may be made.
AR Code § 12-64-506 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-506. Forwarding of charges

 When a person is held for trial by general court-martial, the commanding officer shall, within eight (8) days after the accused is ordered into arrest or confinement, if practicable, forward the charges, together with the investigation and allied papers, to the Governor. If that is not practicable, he or she shall report in writing to the Governor the reasons for delay.
AR Code § 12-64-507 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-507. Service of charges

 (a) The trial counsel to whom court-martial charges are referred for trial shall cause to be served upon the accused, or the defense counsel, a copy of the charges upon which trial is to be held.  (b) In time of peace, no person may, against his or her objection, be brought to trial before a general court-martial within a period of five (5) days after the service of the charges upon him or her or before a special court-martial within a period of three (3) days after the service of the charges upon him or her.
AR Code § 12-64-508 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-508. Procedural rules

 The procedures used by general, special, and summary courts-martial shall be similar to those established by the United States Congress for similar courts of the United States Army and United States Air Force; however, the Governor has executive authority over the military courts of the organized militia and may implement state-specific procedural rules when necessary and practical.
AR Code § 12-64-509 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-509. Unlawfully influencing action of court

 (a) No authority convening a general, special, or summary court-martial nor any other commanding officer or officer serving on the staff thereof may censure, reprimand, or admonish the court or any member, military judge, or counsel thereof with respect to the findings or sentence adjudged by the court or with respect to any other exercise of its or his or her functions in the conduct of the proceeding.  (b) No person subject to this code may attempt to coerce or by any unauthorized means influence the action of the court-martial or any other military tribunal or any member thereof in reaching the findings or sentence in any case or the action of any convening, approving, or reviewing authority with respect to his or her judicial acts.
AR Code § 12-64-510 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-510. Duties of trial and defense counsel

 (a) The trial counsel of a general or special court-martial shall prosecute in the name of the state and shall, under the direction of the court, prepare the record of the proceedings.  (b) The accused has the right to be represented in his or her defense before a general or special court-martial by:  (1) Civilian counsel if provided by the accused;  (2) Military counsel of the accused's own selection if reasonably available; or  (3) The defense counsel detailed under this code.    (c) In every court-martial proceeding, the defense counsel may, in the event of conviction, forward for attachment to the record of proceedings a brief of such matters as he or she feels should be considered in behalf of the accused on review including any objection to the contents of the record which he or she considers appropriate.  (d)  (1) An assistant trial counsel of a general court-martial may, under the direction of the trial counsel or when he or she is qualified to be a trial counsel as required by this code, perform any duty imposed by law, rule, regulation, or the custom of the service upon the trial counsel of the court.  (2) An assistant trial counsel of a special court-martial may perform any duty of the trial counsel.    (e) An assistant defense counsel of a general or special court-martial may, under the direction of the defense counsel or when he or she is qualified to be the defense counsel as required by this code, perform any duty imposed by law, rule, regulation, or the custom of the service upon counsel for the accused.
AR Code § 12-64-511 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-511. Sessions — Records of proceedings

 (a) Whenever a general or special court-martial deliberates or votes, only the members of the court may be present.  (b) After a general court-martial has finally voted on the findings, the court may request the military judge and the reporter to put the findings in proper form; and those proceedings shall be on the record.  (c) All other proceedings, including any consultation of the court with counsel or the military judge, shall be made a part of the record and shall be in the presence of the accused, the defense counsel, the trial counsel, and the military judge if one is assigned to the case.
AR Code § 12-64-512 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-512. Continuances

 A court-martial may, for reasonable cause, grant a continuance to any party for such time and as often as may appear to be just.
AR Code § 12-64-513 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-513. Challenges

 (a)  (1) Members of a general or special court-martial and the military judge of a general or special court-martial may be challenged by the accused or the trial counsel for cause stated to the court.  (2) The court shall determine the relevancy and validity of challenges for cause and may not receive a challenge to more than one (1) person at a time.  (3) Challenges by the trial counsel shall ordinarily be presented and decided before those by the accused are offered.    (b) Each accused and the trial counsel is entitled to one (1) peremptory challenge, but the military judge may not be challenged except for cause.
AR Code § 12-64-514 (2020)
2020 Arkansas Code|Title 12 - Law Enforcement, Emergency Management, and Military Affairs|Subtitle 4 - Military Affairs|Chapter 64 - Military Justice|Subchapter 5 - Procedure|§ 12-64-514. Oaths

 (a) The military judge, interpreters, and, in general and special courts-martial, members, trial counsel, assistant trial counsel, defense counsel, assistant defense counsel, and reporters shall take an oath or affirmation in the presence of the accused to perform their duties faithfully.  (b) Each witness before a military court shall be examined on oath or affirmation.