reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
DC Code § 22-1808 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18 - General Offenses|§ 22-1808. Offenses committed beyond District

Any person who by the commission outside of the District of Columbia of any act which, if committed within the District of Columbia, would be a criminal offense under the laws of said District, thereby obtains any property or other thing of value, and is afterwards found with any such property or other such thing of value in his or her possession in said District, or who brings any such property or other such thing of value into said District, shall, upon conviction, be punished in the same manner as if said act had been committed wholly within said District.  (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 854, § 836a; Dec. 21, 1911, 37 Stat. 45, ch. 2; May 21, 1994, D.C. Law 10-119, § 2(c), 41 DCR 1639.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 22-108. 1973 Ed., § 22-108. Cross References Receiving stolen goods, see §§ 22-3231 and 22-3232.
DC Code § 22-1809 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18 - General Offenses|§ 22-1809. Prosecutions

All prosecutions for violations of § 22-1321 or any of the provisions of any of the laws or ordinances provided for by this act shall be conducted in the name of and for the benefit of the District of Columbia, and in the same manner as provided by law for the prosecution of offenses against the laws and ordinances of the said District. Any person convicted of any violation of § 22-1321 or any of the provisions of this act, and who shall fail to pay the fine or penalty imposed, or to give security where the same is required, shall be committed to the Workhouse of the District of Columbia for a term not exceeding 6 months for each and every offense. The second sentence of this section shall not apply with respect to any violation of § 22-1312(b).  (July 29, 1892, 27 Stat. 325, ch. 320, § 18; June 29, 1953, 67 Stat. 93, 98, ch. 159, §§ 202(a)(2), 211(b); redesignated § 211a, May 26, 2011, D.C. Law 18-375, § 3(b), 58 DCR 731.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 22-109. 1973 Ed., § 22-109. Cross References Adulteration of food and drugs, see § 48-101 et seq. Alcoholic Beverage Control Act, see § 25-101 et seq. Conduct of prosecutions, see § 23-101. Uniform Narcotic Drug Act, see § 48-901.02 et seq. Emergency Legislation For temporary (90 day) amendment of section, see § 303(b) of Public Safety Legislation Sixty-Day Layover Emergency Amendment Act of 2010 (D.C. Act 18-693, January 18, 2011, 58 DCR 640). For temporary (90 day) amendment of section, see § 303(b) of Public Safety Legislation Sixty-Day Layover Congressional Review Emergency Amendment Act of 2011 (D.C. Act 19-45, April 20, 2011, 58 DCR 3701). References in Text The term, “this act,” referred to twice in this section, refers to the Act of July 29, 1892, 27 Stat. 325, ch. 320.
DC Code § 22-1810 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18 - General Offenses|§ 22-1810. Threatening to kidnap or injure a person or damage his property

Whoever threatens within the District of Columbia to kidnap any person or to injure the person of another or physically damage the property of any person or of another person, in whole or in part, shall be fined not more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01 or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.  (June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 238, Pub. L. 90-351, title X, § 1502; June 11, 2013, D.C. Law 19-317, § 223, 60 DCR 2064.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 22-2307. 1973 Ed., § 22-2307. Section References This section is referenced in § 23-546. Effect of Amendments The 2013 amendment by D.C. Law 19-317 substituted “not more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01” for “not more than $5,000”. Cross References Blackmail, see § 22-3252. Extortion, see § 22-3251. Emergency Legislation For temporary (90 days) amendment of this section, see § 223 of the Criminal Fine Proportionality Emergency Act of 2013 (D.C. Act 20-45, April 1, 2013, 60 DCR 5400, 20 DCSTAT 1300). Editor's Notes Applicability of D.C. Law 19-317: Section 401 of D.C. Law 19-317 provided that the act shall apply only to offenses committed on or after June 11, 2013.
DC Code § 22-1832 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1832. Forced labor

(a) It is unlawful for an individual or a business knowingly to use coercion to cause a person to provide labor or services. (b) It is unlawful for an individual or a business knowingly to place or keep any person in debt bondage.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 102, 57 DCR 5405.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 14-311, § 22-1836, § 22-1837, and § 22-1840.
DC Code § 22-1833 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1833. Trafficking in labor or commercial sex acts

It is unlawful for an individual or a business to recruit, entice, harbor, transport, provide, obtain, or maintain by any means a person, knowing, or in reckless disregard of the fact that: (1) Coercion will be used or is being used to cause the person to provide labor or services or to engage in a commercial sex act; or (2) The person is being placed or will be placed or kept in debt bondage.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 103, 57 DCR 5405.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 14-311, § 22-1836, § 22-1837, § 22-1839, § 22-1840, and § 23-113.
DC Code § 22-1834 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1834. Sex trafficking of children

(a) It is unlawful for an individual or a business knowingly to recruit, entice, harbor, transport, provide, obtain, or maintain by any means a person who will be caused as a result to engage in a commercial sex act knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that the person has not attained the age of 18 years. (b) In a prosecution under subsection (a) of this section in which the defendant had a reasonable opportunity to observe the person recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, obtained, or maintained, the government need not prove that the defendant knew that the person had not attained the age of 18 years.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 104, 57 DCR 5405.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 14-311, § 22-1836, § 22-1837, § 22-1839, § 22-1840, § 22-3020.51, and § 23-113.
DC Code § 22-1835 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1835. Unlawful conduct with respect to documents in furtherance of human trafficking

It is unlawful for an individual or business knowingly to destroy, conceal, remove, confiscate, or possess any actual or purported government identification document, including a passport or other immigration document, or any other actual or purported document, of any person to prevent or restrict, or attempt to prevent or restrict, without lawful authority, the person’s liberty to move or travel in order to maintain the labor or services of that person.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 105, 57 DCR 5405.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 14-311, § 22-1836, § 22-1837, and § 22-1840.
DC Code § 22-1836 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1836. Benefitting financially from human trafficking

It is unlawful for an individual or business knowingly to benefit, financially or by receiving anything of value, from voluntarily participating in a venture which has engaged in any act in violation of § 22-1832, § 22-1833, § 22-1834, or § 22-1835, knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that the venture has engaged in the violation.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 106, 57 DCR 5405.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 14-311, § 22-1837, § 22-1839, and § 22-1840.
DC Code § 22-1837 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1837. Penalties

(a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, whoever violates § 22-1832, § 22-1833, or § 22-1834 shall be fined not more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01, imprisoned for not more than 20 years, or both. (2) Whoever violates sections § 22-1832, § 22-1833, or § 22-1834 when the victim is held or provides services for more than 180 days shall be fined not more than 1 1/2 times the maximum fine authorized for the designated act, imprisoned for not more than 1 1/2 times the maximum term authorized for the designated act, or both. (b) Whoever violates § 22-1835 shall be fined not more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both. (c) Whoever violates § 22-1836 shall be fined or imprisoned up to the maximum fine or term of imprisonment for a violation of each referenced section. (d) Whoever attempts to violate § 22-1832, § 22-1833, § 22-1834, § 22-1835 or § 22-1836 shall be fined not more than 1/2 the maximum fine otherwise authorized for the offense, imprisoned for not more than 1/2 the maximum term otherwise authorized for the offense, or both. (e) No person shall be sentenced consecutively for violations of §§ 22-1833 and 22-1834 for an offense arising out of the same incident.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 107, 57 DCR 5405; June 11, 2013, D.C. Law 19-317, § 224, 60 DCR 2064.)  Effect of Amendments The 2013 amendment by D.C. Law 19-317 substituted “not more than the amount set forth in § 22-3571.01” for “not more than $200,000” in (a)(1), and for “not more than $5,000” in (b). Emergency Legislation For temporary (90 days) amendment of this section, see § 224 of the Criminal Fine Proportionality Emergency Act of 2013 (D.C. Act 20-45, April 1, 2013, 60 DCR 5400, 20 DCSTAT 1300). Editor's Notes Applicability of D.C. Law 19-317: Section 401 of D.C. Law 19-317 provided that the act shall apply only to offenses committed on or after June 11, 2013.
DC Code § 22-1838 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1838. Forfeiture

(a) In imposing sentence on any individual or business convicted of a violation of this chapter, the court shall order, in addition to any sentence imposed, that the individual or business shall forfeit to the District of Columbia: (1) Any interest in any property, real or personal, that was used or intended to be used to commit or to facilitate the commission of the violation; and (2) Any property, real or personal, constituting or derived from any proceeds that the individual or business obtained, directly or indirectly, as a result of the violation. (b) The following shall be subject to forfeiture to the District of Columbia and no property right shall exist in them: (1) Any property, real or personal, used or intended to be used to commit or to facilitate the commission of any violation of this chapter. (2) Any property, real or personal, which constitutes or is derived from proceeds traceable to any violation of this chapter.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 108, 57 DCR 5405.)
DC Code § 22-1839 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1839. Reputation or opinion evidence

In a criminal case in which a person is accused of trafficking in commercial sex, as prohibited by § 22-1833, sex trafficking of children, as prohibited by § 22-1834, or benefitting financially from human trafficking, as prohibited by § 22-1836, reputation or opinion evidence of the past sexual behavior of the alleged victim is not admissible. Evidence of an alleged victim’s past sexual behavior other than reputation or opinion evidence also is not admissible, unless such evidence other than reputation or opinion evidence is admitted in accordance with § 22-3022(b), and is constitutionally required to be admitted.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 109, 57 DCR 5405.)
DC Code § 22-1840 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1840. Civil action

(a) An individual who is a victim of an offense prohibited by § 22-1832, § 22-1833, § 22-1834, § 22-1835 or § 22-1836 may bring a civil action in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. The court may award actual damages, compensatory damages, punitive damages, injunctive relief, and any other appropriate relief. A prevailing plaintiff shall also be awarded attorney’s fees and costs. Treble damages shall be awarded on proof of actual damages where a defendant’s acts were willful and malicious. (b) Any statute of limitation imposed for the filing of a civil suit under this section shall not begin to run until the plaintiff knew, or reasonably should have known, of any act constituting a violation of § 22-1832, § 22-1833, § 22-1834, § 22-1835 or § 22-1836, or until a minor plaintiff has reached the age of majority, whichever is later. (c) If a person entitled to sue is imprisoned, insane, or similarly incapacitated at the time the cause of action accrues, so that it is impossible or impracticable for him or her to bring an action, then the time of the incapacity is not part of the time limited for the commencement of the action. (d) A defendant is estopped to assert a defense of the statute of limitations when the expiration of the statute is due to conduct by the defendant inducing the plaintiff to delay the filing of the action.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 110, 57 DCR 5405.)
DC Code § 22-1842 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1842. Training program

(a) The Metropolitan Police Department (“MPD”), the Child and Family Services Agency (“CFSA”), and the Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services (“DYRS”) shall provide training on human trafficking to: (1) New law enforcement officers, social workers, and case managers; and (2) Current law enforcement officers, social worker employees, and case managers who have not previously received comparable training. (b) The training shall be a minimum of 4 hours and shall include: (1) The nature and dimension of human trafficking; (2) The legal rights and remedies available to a victim of human trafficking; (3) The services and facilities available to a victim of human trafficking; (4) The legal duties imposed on a police officer, social worker, or case manager to enforce the provisions of D.C. Law 20-276, and to offer protection and assistance to a victim of human trafficking; (5) Techniques for determining when a person may be a victim of trafficking; (6) Techniques for handling a human trafficking offense that promotes the safety of the victim; and (7) The particular needs of youth and minor trafficking victims; (c) MPD, CFSA, and DYRS shall consult with community organizations that provide training, resources, advocacy, or services to victims of human trafficking for assistance in developing and presenting training on human trafficking.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 112; as added May 7, 2015, D.C. Law 20-276, § 6(a), 62 DCR 479.)
DC Code § 22-1843 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1843. Public posting of human trafficking hotline

[Not funded].  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 113; as added May 7, 2015, D.C. Law 20-276, § 6(b), 62 DCR 479.)  Editor's Notes Applicability of D.C. Law 20-276: Section 10 of D.C. Law 20-276 provided: (a) that § 6(b) of the act, which enacted this section, shall apply upon the date of inclusions of its fiscal effect in an approved budget and financial plan; (b) that the Chief Financial Officer shall certify the date of the inclusion of the fiscal effect in an approved budget and financial plan, and provide notice to the Budget Director of the Council of the certification; (c) that the Budget Director shall cause the notice of the certification to be published in the District of Columbia Register; and (d) that the date of publication of the notice of the certification shall not affect the applicability of § 6(b) of the act.
DC Code § 22-1844 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1844. Motion to vacate conviction or expunge criminal records for victims of trafficking

(a) A person convicted of an eligible offense may apply by motion to the Superior Court for the District of Columbia to vacate the judgment of conviction and expunge all records identifying the movant as having been arrested, prosecuted, or convicted of the offense if the conduct of the person that resulted in the conviction was a direct result of the person having been a victim of trafficking. (b) A person arrested but not prosecuted, or whose prosecution was terminated without conviction, for an eligible offense or an ineligible offense, may apply by motion to the Superior Court for the District of Columbia to expunge all records identifying the movant as having been arrested or prosecuted for the offense if the conduct of the person that resulted in the arrest or prosecution was a direct result of the person having been a victim of trafficking. (c) A motion filed under this section shall: (1) Be in writing; (2) State the arrests, prosecutions, and convictions for which the movant seeks relief; (3) State the grounds upon which eligibility for relief is based and facts in support of the movant's claim; (4) Be accompanied by any appropriate exhibits, affidavits, and supporting documents; and (5) Be served upon the prosecutor. (d) A movant may file a motion under this section regardless of whether any other person, such as the person who made the movant a victim of trafficking, has been arrested, prosecuted, or convicted for an offense. (e) A person may file a motion under this section only after: (1) All criminal proceedings against the person related to the offenses that are the subject of the motion have completed; and (2) The person completes any sentence of incarceration, commitment, probation, parole, or supervised release related to the offenses that are the subject of the motion. (f) At the request of a movant or prosecutor, the Court may place any record or part of a proceeding related to a motion filed under this section under seal while the motion is pending. (g) A person may file a motion under this section for an arrest, prosecution, or conviction that occurred before, on, or after April 5, 2019.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 114; as added Apr. 5, 2019, D.C. Law 22-279, § 2(b), 65 DCR 12951.)
DC Code § 22-1845 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1845. Review by Court

(a)(1) If it plainly appears from the face of the motion, any accompanying exhibits, affidavits, and documents, and the record of any prior proceedings, that the movant is not eligible for relief or is not entitled to relief, the Court may dismiss or deny the motion. (2) If the motion contains a curable deficiency, the Court shall provide the movant with reasonable time to cure the deficiency and refile the motion. (b) If the motion is not dismissed or denied after initial review, the Court shall order the prosecutor to file a response to the motion. Within 90 days after the Court's order for a response, the prosecutor shall file a response indicating whether the prosecutor supports or opposes the motion. (c) The Court may hold a hearing on any motion filed under § 22-1844; provided, that if the prosecutor opposes a motion filed under § 22-1844, the Court shall hold a hearing on the motion within 90 days after the filing of the opposition. (d) The Court shall grant a motion filed under § 22-1844(a), if the movant establishes, by clear and convincing evidence that: (1) The movant was convicted of an eligible offense; (2) The movant is a victim of trafficking; and (3) The conduct by the movant resulting in the conviction was a direct result of the movant having been a victim of trafficking. (e) The Court shall grant a motion filed under § 22-1844(b), if the movant establishes, by clear and convincing evidence that: (1) The movant was arrested but not prosecuted, or the prosecution was terminated without conviction, for an eligible offense or an ineligible offense; (2) The movant is a victim of trafficking; and (3) The conduct by the movant resulting in the arrest or prosecution was a direct result of the movant having been a victim of trafficking. (f) There shall be a rebuttable presumption that a movant is a victim of trafficking if the movant includes in the motion a copy of an official record from a federal, state, tribal, or local proceeding finding that the movant was a victim of trafficking, including a Certification Letter or Eligibility Letter from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (g) The Court may grant a motion under this section based solely on an affidavit or sworn testimony of the movant.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 115; as added Apr. 5, 2019, D.C. Law 22-279, § 2(b), 65 DCR 12951.)
DC Code § 22-1847 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18A - Human Trafficking|§ 22-1847. Appeals

An order dismissing, granting, or denying a motion filed under§ 22-1844 shall be a final order for purposes of appeal.  (Oct. 23, 2010, D.C. Law 18-239, § 117; as added Apr. 5, 2019, D.C. Law 22-279, § 2(b), 65 DCR 12951.)
DC Code § 22-1861 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 22 - Criminal Offenses and Penalties|Chapter 18B - Ivory and Horn Trafficking|§ 22-1861. Definitions

 For the purposes of this chapter, the term: (1) "Educational or scientific institution" means an entity that: (A) Receives an educational or scientific tax exemption from the federal Internal Revenue Service or the institution's national, state, or local tax authority; or (B) Is accredited as an educational or scientific institution from a qualified national, regional, state, or local authority for the institution's location. (2) "Prohibited animal product" means: (A) The tooth or tusk composed of ivory, whether raw or worked, from any species of elephant, hippopotamus, mammoth, mastodon, narwhal, or whale; (B) The horn of any species of rhinoceros; or (C) An item that is wholly or partially composed of any material described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of this paragraph.  (Aug. 6, 2020, D.C. Law 23-126, § 2, 67 DCR 5060.)  Applicability Section 7082 of D.C. Law 23-149 repealed section 6 of D.C. Law 23-126 removing the applicability provision impacting this section. Therefore, the creation of this section by Law 23-126 has been implemented.  Applicability of D.C. Law 23-126: § 6 of D.C. Law 23-126 provided that the creation of this section by § 2 of D.C. Law 23-126 is subject to the inclusion of the law’s fiscal effect in an approved budget and financial plan. Therefore that amendment has not been implemented.