reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 4-2-724 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2 - Sales|Part 7 - Remedies|§ 4-2-724. Admissibility of Market Quotations

 Whenever the prevailing price or value of any goods regularly bought and sold in any established commodity market is in issue, reports in official publications or trade journals or in newspapers or periodicals of general circulation published as the reports of such market shall be admissible in evidence. The circumstances of the preparation of such a report may be shown to affect its weight but not its admissibility.   History. Source: L. 65: P. 1343, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 155-2-724. History. Source: L. 65: P. 1343, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 155-2-724.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Prior Uniform Statutory Provision: None.   Purposes: To make market quotations admissible in evidence while providing for a challenge of the material by showing the circumstances of its preparation.   No explicit provision as to the weight to be given to market quotations is contained in this section, but such quotations, in the absence of compelling challenge, offer an adequate basis for a verdict.   Market quotations are made admissible when the price or value of goods traded “in any established market” is in issue. The reason of the section does not require that the market be closely organized in the manner of a produce exchange. It is sufficient if transactions in the commodity are frequent and open enough to make a market established by usage in which one price can be expected to affect another and in which an informed report of the range and trend of prices can be assumed to be reasonably accurate.   This section does not in any way intend to limit or negate the application of similar rules of admissibility to other material, whether by action of the courts or by statute. The purpose of the present section is to assure a minimum of mercantile administration in this important situation and not to limit any liberalizing trend in modern law.   Definitional Cross Reference:   “Goods”. Section 4-2-105 .   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Hearsay in Criminal Cases Under The Colorado Rules of Evidence: An Overview”, see 50 U. Colo. L. Rev. 277.
CO Code § 4-2.5-105 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 4-2.5-105. Territorial Application of Article to Goods Covered by Certificate of Title

 Subject to the provisions of sections 4-2.5-304 (3) and 4-2.5-305 (3) , with respect to goods covered by a certificate of title issued under a statute of this state or of another jurisdiction, compliance and the effect of compliance or noncompliance with a certificate of title statute are governed by the law (including the conflict of laws rules) of the jurisdiction issuing the certificate until the earlier of (a) surrender of the certificate, or (b) four months after the goods are removed from that jurisdiction and thereafter until a new certificate of title is issued by another jurisdiction.   History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 277, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 9-103(2)(a) and (b).   Changes: Substantially revised. The provisions of the last sentence of Section 9-103(2)(b) have not been incorporated as it is superfluous in this context. The provisions of Section 9-103(2)(d) have not been incorporated because the problems dealt with are adequately addressed by this section and Sections 2A-304(3) and 305(3).   Purposes: The new certificate referred to in (b) must be permanent, not temporary. Generally, the lessor or creditor whose interest is indicated on the most recently issued certificate of title will prevail over interests indicated on certificates issued previously by other jurisdictions. This provision reflects a policy that it is reasonable to require holders of interests in goods covered by a certificate of title to police the goods or risk losing their interests when a new certificate of title is issued by another jurisdiction.   Cross References:   Sections 2A-304(3), 2A-305(3), 9-103(2)(b) and 9103(2)(d).   Definitional Cross Reference:   “Goods”. Section 2A-103(1)(h).
CO Code § 4-2.5-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 4-2.5-106. Limitation on Power of Parties to Consumer Lease to Choose Applicable Law and Judicial Forum

  If the law chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is that of a jurisdiction other than a jurisdiction in which the lessee resides at the time the lease agreement becomes enforceable or within thirty days thereafter or in which the goods are to be used, the choice is not enforceable.    If the judicial forum chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is a forum that would not otherwise have jurisdiction over the lessee, the choice is not enforceable.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 278, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Unif. Consumer Credit Code § 1.201(8), 7A U.L.A. 36 .   Changes: Substantially revised.   Purposes:   There is a real danger that a lessor may induce a consumer lessee to agree that the applicable law will be a jurisdiction that has little effective consumer protection, or to agree that the applicable forum will be a forum that is inconvenient for the lessee in the event of litigation. As a result, this section invalidates these choice of law or forum clauses, except where the law chosen is that of the state of the consumer's residence or where the goods will be kept, or the forum chosen is one that otherwise would have jurisdiction over the lessee.   Subsection (1) limits potentially abusive choice of law clauses in consumer leases. The 30-day rule in subsection (1) was suggested by Section 9-103(1)(c). This section has no effect on choice of law clauses in leases that are not consumer leases. Such clauses would be governed by other law.   Subsection (2) prevents enforcement of potentially abusive jurisdictional consent clauses in consumer leases. By using the term judicial forum, this section does not limit selection of a nonjudicial forum, such as arbitration. This section has no effect on choice of forum clauses in leases that are not consumer leases; such clauses are, as a matter of current law, “prima facie valid”. The Bremen v. Zapata Off-Shore Co., 407 U.S. 1, 10 (1972). Such clauses would be governed by other law, including the Model Choice of Forum Act (1968).   Cross Reference:   Section 9-103(1)(c).   Definitional Cross References:   “Consumer lease”. Section 2A-103(1)(e).   “Lease agreement”. Section 2A-103(1)(k).   “Lessee”. Section 2A-103(1)(n).   “Goods”. Section 2A-103(1)(h).   “Party”. Section 1-201(29).   ANNOTATION   Private parties cannot enter into a forum selection clause simply to deprive a court of its subject matter jurisdiction. Vanderbeek v. Vernon Corp., 25 P.3d 1242 (Colo. App. 2000), aff'd, 50 P.3d 866 (Colo. 2002); Edge Telecom, Inc. v. Sterling Bank, 143 P.3d 1155 (Colo. App. 2006).
CO Code § 4-2.5-107 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 4-2.5-107. Waiver or Renunciation of Claim or Right After Default

 Any claim or right arising out of an alleged default or breach of warranty may be discharged in whole or in part without consideration by a written waiver or renunciation signed and delivered by the aggrieved party.   History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 278, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 1-107.   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology. This clause is used throughout the official comments to this Article to indicate the scope of change in the provisions of the Uniform Statutory Source included in the section; these changes range from one extreme, e.g., a significant difference in practice (a warranty as to merchantability is not implied in a finance lease (Section 2A-212)) to the other extreme, e.g., a modest difference in style or terminology (the transaction governed is a lease not a sale (Section 2A-203)).   Cross References:   Sections 2A-203 and 2A-212.   Definitional Cross References:   “Aggrieved party”. Section 1-201(2).   “Delivery”. Section 1-201(14).   “Rights”. Section 1-201(36).   “Signed”. Section 1-201(39).   “Written”. Section 1-201(46).
CO Code § 4-2.5-109 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 1 - General Provisions|§ 4-2.5-109. Option to Accelerate at Will

  A term providing that one party or his or her successor in interest may accelerate payment or performance or require collateral or additional collateral “at will” or “when he or she deems himself or herself insecure” or in words of similar import must be construed to mean that he or she has power to do so only if he or she in good faith believes that the prospect of payment or performance is impaired.    With respect to a consumer lease, the burden of establishing good faith under subsection (1) of this section is on the party who exercised the power; otherwise the burden of establishing lack of good faith is on the party against whom the power has been exercised.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 279, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 1-208 and Unif. Consumer Credit Code 5.109(2), 7A U.L.A. 171 .   Purposes:   Subsection (1) reflects modest changes in style to the provisions of the first sentence of Section 1-208.   Subsection (2), however, reflects a significant change in the provisions of the second sentence of Section 1-208 by creating a new rule with respect to a consumer lease. A lease provision allowing acceleration at the will of the lessor or when the lessor deems itself insecure is of critical importance to the lessee. In a consumer lease it is a provision that is not usually agreed to by the parties but is usually mandated by the lessor. Therefore, where its invocation depends not on specific criteria but on the discretion of the lessor, its use should be regulated to prevent abuse. Subsection (1) imposes a duty of good faith upon its exercise. Subsection (2) shifts the burden of establishing good faith to the lessor in the case of a consumer lease, but not otherwise.   Cross Reference:   Section 1-208.   Definitional Cross References:   “Burden of establishing”. Section 1-201(8).   “Consumer lease”. Section 2A-103(1)(e).   “Good faith”. Sections 1-201(19) and 2-103(1)(b).   “Party”. Section 1-201(29).   “Term”. Section 1-201(42).
CO Code § 4-2.5-202 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-202. Final Written Expression: Parol or Extrinsic Evidence

  Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a writing intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to such terms as are included therein may not be contradicted by evidence of any prior agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented:   By course of dealing or usage of trade or by course of performance; and    By evidence of consistent additional terms unless the court finds the writing to have been intended also as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement.        History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 280, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-202.   Definitional Cross References:   “Agreement”. Section 1-201(3).   “Course of dealing”. Section 1-205.   “Party”. Section 1-201(29).   “Term”. Section 1-201(42).   “Usage of trade”. Section 1-205.   “Writing”. Section 1-201(46).
CO Code § 4-2.5-203 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-203. Seals Inoperative

 The affixing of a seal to a writing evidencing a lease contract or an offer to enter into a lease contract does not render the writing a sealed instrument and the law with respect to sealed instruments does not apply to the lease contract or offer.   History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 280, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-203.   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology.   Definitional Cross References:   “Lease contract”. Section 2A-103(1)(l).   “Writing”. Section 1-201(46).
CO Code § 4-2.5-204 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-204. Formation in General

  A lease contract may be made in any manner sufficient to show agreement, including conduct by both parties which recognizes the existence of a lease contract.    An agreement sufficient to constitute a lease contract may be found although the moment of its making is undetermined.    Although one or more terms are left open, a lease contract does not fail for indefiniteness if the parties have intended to make a lease contract and there is a reasonably certain basis for giving an appropriate remedy.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 281, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-204.   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology.   Definitional Cross References:   “Agreement”. Section 1-201(3).   “Lease contract”. Section 2A-103(1)(l).   “Party”. Section 1-201(29).   “Remedy”. Section 1-201(34).   “Term”. Section 1-201(42).
CO Code § 4-2.5-205 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-205. Firm Offers

 An offer by a merchant to lease goods to or from another person in a signed writing that by its terms gives assurance it will be held open is not revocable, for lack of consideration, during the time stated or, if no time is stated, for a reasonable time, but in no event may the period of irrevocability exceed three months. Any such term of assurance on a form supplied by the offeree must be separately signed by the offeror.   History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 281, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-205.   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology.   Definitional Cross References:   “Goods”. Section 2A-103(1)(h).   “Lease”. Section 2A-103(1)(j).   “Merchant”. Section 2-104(1).   “Person”. Section 1-201(30).   “Reasonable time”. Section 1-204(1) and (2).   “Signed”. Section 1-201(39).   “Term”. Section 1-201(42).   “Writing”. Section 1-201(46).
CO Code § 4-2.5-206 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-206. Offer and Acceptance in Formation of Lease Contract

  Unless otherwise unambiguously indicated by the language or circumstances, an offer to make a lease contract must be construed as inviting acceptance in any manner and by any medium reasonable in the circumstances.    If the beginning of a requested performance is a reasonable mode of acceptance, an offeror who is not notified of acceptance within a reasonable time may treat the offer as having lapsed before acceptance.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 281, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-206(1)(a) and (2).   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology.   Definitional Cross References:   “Lease contract”. Section 2A-103(1)(l).   “Notifies”. Section 1-201(26).   “Reasonable time”. Section 1-204(1) and (2).
CO Code § 4-2.5-207 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-207. Course of Performance or Practical Construction

  If a lease contract involves repeated occasions for performance by either party with knowledge of the nature of the performance and opportunity for objection to it by the other, any course of performance accepted or acquiesced in without objection is relevant to determine the meaning of the lease agreement.    The express terms of a lease agreement and any course of performance, as well as any course of dealing and usage of trade, must be construed whenever reasonable as consistent with each other; but if that construction is unreasonable, express terms control course of performance, course of performance controls both course of dealing and usage of trade, and course of dealing controls usage of trade.    Subject to the provisions of section 4-2.5-208 on modification and waiver, course of performance is relevant to show a waiver or modification of any term inconsistent with the course of performance.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 281, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Sections 2-208 and 1-205(4).   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology, except that subsection (2) was further revised to make the subsection parallel the provisions of Section 1-205(4) by adding that course of dealing controls usage of trade.   Purposes: The section should be read in conjunction with Section 2A-208. In particular, although a specific term may control over course of performance as a matter of lease construction under subsection (2), subsection (3) allows the same course of dealing to show a waiver or modification, if Section 2A-208 is satisfied.   Cross References:   Sections 1-205(4), 2-208 and 2A-208.   Definitional Cross References:   “Course of dealing”. Section 1-205.   “Knowledge”. Section 1-201(25).   “Lease agreement”. Section 2A-103(1)(k).   “Lease contract”. Section 2A-103(1)(l).   “Party”. Section 1-201(29).   “Term”. Section 1-201(42).   “Usage of trade”. Section 1-205.
CO Code § 4-2.5-208 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-208. Modification, Rescission and Waiver

  An agreement modifying a lease contract needs no consideration to be binding.    A signed lease agreement that excludes modification or rescission except by a signed writing may not be otherwise modified or rescinded, but, except as between merchants, such a requirement on a form supplied by a merchant must be separately signed by the other party.    Although an attempt at modification or rescission does not satisfy the requirements of subsection (2) of this section, it may operate as a waiver.    A party who has made a waiver affecting an executory portion of a lease contract may retract the waiver by reasonable notification received by the other party that strict performance will be required of any term waived, unless the retraction would be unjust in view of a material change of position in reliance on the waiver.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 282, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-209.   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology, except that the provisions of subsection 2- 209(3) were omitted.   Purposes: Section 2-209(3) provides that “the requirements of the statute of frauds section of this Article (Section 2-201) must be satisfied if the contract as modified is within its provisions.” This provision was not incorporated as it is unfair to allow an oral modification to make the entire lease contract unenforceable, e.g. if the modification takes it a few dollars over the dollar limit. At the same time, the problem could not be solved by providing that the lease contract would still be enforceable in its premodification state (if it then satisfied the statute of frauds) since in some cases that might be worse than no enforcement at all. Resolution of the issue is left to the courts based on the facts of each case.   Cross References:   Sections 2-201 and 2-209.   Definitional Cross References:   “Agreement”. Section 1-201(3).   “Between merchants”. Section 2-104(3).   “Lease agreement”. Section 2A-103(1)(k).   “Lease contract”. Section 2A-103(1)(l).   “Merchant”. Section 2-104(1).   “Notification”. Section 1-201(26).   “Party”. Section 1-201(29).   “Signed”. Section 1-201(39).   “Term”. Section 1-201(42).   “Writing”. Section 1-201(46).
CO Code § 4-2.5-210 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 2.5 - Leases|Part 2 - Formation and Construction of Lease Contract|§ 4-2.5-210. Express Warranties

  Express warranties by the lessor are created as follows:   Any affirmation of fact or promise made by the lessor to the lessee which relates to the goods and becomes part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the goods will conform to the affirmation or promise.    Any description of the goods which is made part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the goods will conform to the description.    Any sample or model that is made part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the whole of the goods will conform to the sample or model.       It is not necessary to the creation of an express warranty that the lessor use formal words, such as “warrant” or “guarantee,” or that the lessor have a specific intention to make a warranty, but an affirmation merely of the value of the goods or a statement purporting to be merely the lessor's opinion or commendation of the goods does not create a warranty.     History. Source: L. 91: Entire article added, p. 283, § 1, effective July 1, 1992.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Uniform Statutory Source: Section 2-313.   Changes: Revised to reflect leasing practices and terminology.   Purposes:   All of the express and implied warranties of the Article on Sales (Article 2) are included in this Article, revised to reflect the differences between a sale of goods and a lease of goods. Sections 2A-210 through 2A-216. The lease of goods is sufficiently similar to the sale of goods to justify this decision. Hawkland, The Impact of the Uniform Commercial Code on Equipment Leasing, 1972 Ill. L.F. 446, 459-60. Many state and federal courts have reached the same conclusion.   Value of the goods, as used in subsection (2), includes rental value.   Cross References:   Article 2, esp. Section 2-313, and Sections 2A-210 through 2A-216.   Definitional Cross References:   “Conforming”. Section 2A-103(1)(d).   “Goods”. Section 2A-103(1)(h).   “Lessee”. Section 2A-103(1)(n).   “Lessor”. Section 2A-103(1)(p).   “Value”. Section 1-201(44).