reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 19.2-224 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-224. In prosecution for forgery, unnecessary to set forth copy of forged instrument

In a prosecution for forging or altering any instrument or other thing, or attempting to employ as true any forged instrument or other thing, or for any of the offenses mentioned in Article 1 (§ 18.2-168 et seq.) of Chapter 6 of Title 18.2, it shall not be necessary to set forth any copy or facsimile of such instrument or other thing; but it shall be sufficient to describe the same in such manner as would sustain an indictment for stealing such instrument or other thing, supposing it to be the subject of larceny.Code 1950, § 19.1-169; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-225 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-225. Allegation of intent

Where an intent to injure, defraud or cheat is required to constitute an offense, it shall be sufficient, in an indictment or accusation therefor, to allege generally an intent to injure, defraud or cheat without naming the person intended to be injured, defrauded or cheated; and it shall be sufficient, and not be deemed a variance, if there appear to be an intent to injure, defraud or cheat the United States, or any state, or any county, corporation, officer or person.Code 1950, § 19.1-170; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-226 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-226. What defects in indictments not to vitiate them

No indictment or other accusation shall be quashed or deemed invalid:(1) For omitting to set forth that it is upon the oaths of the jurors or upon their oaths and affirmations;(2) For the insertion of the words "upon their oath," instead of "upon their oaths";(3) For not in terms alleging that the offense was committed "within the jurisdiction of the court" when the averments show that the case is one of which the court has jurisdiction;(4) For the omission or misstatement of the title, occupation, estate, or degree of the accused or of the name or place of his residence;(5) For omitting the words "with force and arms" or the statement of any particular kind of force and arms;(6) For omitting to state, or stating imperfectly, the time at which the offense was committed when time is not the essence of the offense;(7) For failing to allege the kind or value of an instrument which caused death or to allege that it was of no value;(8) For omitting to charge the offense to be "against the form of the statute or statutes";(9) For the omission or insertion of any other words of mere form or surplusage; or(10) For omitting or stating incorrectly the Virginia crime code references for the particular offense or offenses covered.Nor shall it be abated for any misnomer of the accused; but the court may, in case of a misnomer appearing before or in the course of a trial, forthwith cause the indictment or accusation to be amended according to the fact.Code 1950, § 19.1-172; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 2003, c. 148.
VA Code § 19.2-227 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-227. When judgment not to be arrested or reversed

Judgment in any criminal case shall not be arrested or reversed upon any exception or objection made after a verdict to the indictment or other accusation, unless it be so defective as to be in violation of the Constitution.Code 1950, § 19.1-165; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-228 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-228. Name and address of complaining witness to be written on indictment, etc., for misdemeanor

In a prosecution for a misdemeanor the name and address of the complaining witness, if there be one, shall be written at the foot of the presentment, indictment or information when it is made, found or filed. In case the grand jury that brings in such presentment or indictment or the attorney for the Commonwealth who files such information fail to write the name of a complaining witness at the foot of the presentment, indictment or information, then the name of a complaining witness may be entered of record as such by the court on the motion of the defendant or the attorney for the Commonwealth at any time before the judgment.Code 1950, § 19.1-173; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-229 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-229. When complaining witness required to give security for costs

For good cause the court may require a complaining witness to give security for the costs and if he fails to do so dismiss the prosecution at his costs.Code 1950, § 19.1-174; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-230 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-230. Bill of particulars

A court of record may direct the filing of a bill of particulars at any time before trial. A motion for a bill of particulars shall be made before a plea is entered and at least seven days before the day fixed for trial and the bill of particulars shall be filed within such time as is fixed by the court.1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-231 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-231. Amendment of indictment, presentment or information

If there be any defect in form in any indictment, presentment or information, or if there shall appear to be any variance between the allegations therein and the evidence offered in proof thereof, the court may permit amendment of such indictment, presentment or information, at any time before the jury returns a verdict or the court finds the accused guilty or not guilty, provided the amendment does not change the nature or character of the offense charged. After any such amendment the accused shall be arraigned on the indictment, presentment or information as amended, and shall be allowed to plead anew thereto, if he so desires, and the trial shall proceed as if no amendment had been made; but if the court finds that such amendment operates as a surprise to the accused, he shall be entitled, upon request, to a continuance of the case for a reasonable time.Code 1950, §§ 19.1-175 through 19.1-177; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-232 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-232. What process to be awarded against accused on indictment, etc.

When an indictment or presentment is found or made, or information filed, the court, or the judge thereof, shall award process against the accused to answer the same, if he be not in custody. Such process, if the prosecution be for a felony, shall be a capias; if it be for a misdemeanor, for which imprisonment may be imposed, it may be a capias or summons, in the discretion of the court or judge; in all other cases, it shall be, in the first instance a summons, but if a summons be returned executed and the defendant does not appear, or be returned not found, the court or judge may award a capias. The officer serving the summons or capias shall also serve a copy of the indictment, presentment, or information therewith.If the accused is in custody when an indictment or presentment is found or made, or information is filed, and no process is awarded, the attorney for the Commonwealth shall so notify the court of such at the time of first appearance for each indictment, presentment, or information for which a report is required upon arrest pursuant to subsection A of § 19.2-390, and the court shall order that the fingerprints and photograph of the accused be taken for each offense by a law-enforcement officer or by the agency that has custody of the accused at the time of first appearance. The law-enforcement officer or agency taking the fingerprints and photograph shall submit a report to the Central Criminal Records Exchange for each offense pursuant to subsection A of § 19.2-390.Code 1950, § 19.1-178; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 1980, c. 349; 2019, cc. 782, 783.
VA Code § 19.2-233 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-233. How awarded, directed, returnable and executed

Sections 8.01-292 and 8.01-295 shall apply to process in criminal, as well as in civil cases; and the court may, in the same case against the same person, award at the same time, or different times, several writs of summons or capias directed to officers of different counties or cities. An officer having a capias under which the accused is let to bail shall give a certificate of the fact, which shall protect him against any other capias which may have been issued for the same offense. A summons shall be served by delivering a copy thereof to the party in person and the clerk issuing such summons shall deliver or transmit therewith as many copies thereof as there are persons named therein on whom it is to be served.Code 1950, § 19.1-179; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-234 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-234. Procedure when person arrested under capias

An officer who, under a capias from any court, arrests a person accused of an offense shall proceed in accordance with § 19.2-80 and Article 1 (§ 19.2-119 et seq.) of Chapter 9 of Title 19.2 regarding bail.Code 1950, § 19.1-183; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 1986, c. 327.
VA Code § 19.2-235 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-235. Clerks to mail process to officers in other counties, etc.

The clerk of every court shall forward, by mail, all process issued for the Commonwealth, directed to the officer of any county or city other than his own.Code 1950, § 19.1-181; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-236 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-236. Where process of arrest may be executed

When process of arrest in a criminal prosecution is issued from a court, either against a party accused or a witness, the officer to whom it is directed or delivered may execute it in any part of the Commonwealth.Code 1950, § 19.1-182; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-237 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-237. Process on indictment or presentment for misdemeanor

On any indictment or presentment for a misdemeanor process shall be issued immediately. If the accused appear and plead to the charge, the trial shall proceed without delay, unless good cause for continuance be shown. If, in any misdemeanor case the accused fails to appear and plead, when required the court may either award a capias or proceed to trial in the same manner as if the accused had appeared, plead not guilty and waived trial by jury, provided, that the court shall not in any such case enforce a jail sentence.Code 1950, §§ 19.1-180, 19.1-184; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 1979, c. 468.
VA Code § 19.2-238 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 14 - Presentments, Indictments and Informations|§ 19.2-238. Summons against corporation; proceedings; expense of publication

A summons against a corporation to answer an indictment, presentment or information may be served as provided in §§ 8.01-299 through 8.01-301; and if the defendant after being so served fail to appear, the court may proceed to trial and judgment, without further process, as if the defendant had appeared, plead not guilty and waived trial by jury. And when, in any such case, publication of a copy of the process is required according to such sections, the expense of such publication may be certified by the court to the Comptroller, and shall be paid out of the state treasury; but the same shall be taxed with other costs and collected from the defendant, if judgment be for the Commonwealth, and be paid into the state treasury by the officer collecting the same.Code 1950, § 19.1-186; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-239 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-239. Jurisdiction in criminal cases

The circuit courts, except where otherwise provided, shall have exclusive original jurisdiction for the trial of all presentments, indictments and informations for offenses committed within their respective circuits.Code 1950, § 19.1-187; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-240 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-240. Clerks shall make out criminal docket; transportation orders

Before every term of any court in which criminal cases are to be tried the clerk of the court shall make out a separate docket of criminal cases then pending, in the following order, numbering the same:1. Felony cases;2. Misdemeanor cases.He shall docket all felony cases in the order in which the indictments are found and all misdemeanor cases in the order in which the presentments or indictments are found or informations are filed or appeals are allowed by magistrates and as soon as any presentments or indictments are made at a term of court he shall forthwith docket the same in the order required above. Upon request of, and receipt of all necessary information from, the attorney for the Commonwealth or counsel for the defendant, the court shall issue all necessary transportation orders for the transport of any defendant incarcerated in a state or local correctional facility to the court. If authorized by the court and upon receipt of all necessary information from the attorney for the Commonwealth or counsel for the defendant, the clerk or deputy clerk may issue these orders on behalf of the court.Traffic infractions shall be docketed with misdemeanor cases.Cases appealed from the juvenile and domestic relations district court shall not be placed on the criminal docket except for cases involving criminal offenses committed by adults as provided in § 16.1-302. Cases transferred to a circuit court from a juvenile and domestic relations district court pursuant to Article 7 (§ 16.1-269.1 et seq.) of Chapter 11 of Title 16.1 shall be docketed as provided in this section upon return of a true bill of indictment by the grand jury.Code 1950, § 19.1-189; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 1977, c. 585; 1990, c. 258; 1994, cc. 859, 949; 2017, c. 479.
VA Code § 19.2-241 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-241. Time within which court to set criminal cases for trial

The judge of each circuit court shall fix a day of his court when the trial of criminal cases will commence, and may make such general or special order in reference thereto, and to the summoning of witnesses, as may seem proper, but all criminal cases shall be disposed of before civil cases, unless the court shall direct otherwise.When an indictment is found against a person for felony or when an appeal has been perfected from the conviction of a misdemeanor or traffic infraction, the accused, if in custody, or if he appear according to his recognizance, may be tried at the same term and shall be tried within the time limits fixed in § 19.2-243; provided that no trial shall be held on the first day of the term unless it be with consent of the attorney for the Commonwealth and the accused and his attorney.Code 1950, §§ 19.1-188 through 19.1-190; 1960, c. 366; 1972, c. 705; 1975, c. 495; 1977, c. 585; 1978, c. 410.
VA Code § 19.2-242 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-242. Accused discharged from jail if not indicted in time

A person in jail on a criminal charge that has been certified or otherwise transferred from a district court to a circuit court shall be discharged from imprisonment if a presentment, indictment or information be not found or filed against him before the end of the second term of the court at which he is held to answer, unless it appear to the court that material witnesses for the Commonwealth have been enticed or kept away or are prevented from attendance by sickness or inevitable accident, and except, also, in the cases provided in §§ 19.2-168.1 and 19.2-169.1. A discharge under the provisions of this section shall not, however, prevent a reincarceration after a presentment or indictment has been found.Code 1950, § 19.1-163; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 2018, c. 551.
VA Code § 19.2-244 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-244. Venue in general

A. Except as otherwise provided by law, the prosecution of a criminal case shall be had in the county or city in which the offense was committed. Except as to motions for a change of venue, all other questions of venue must be raised before verdict in cases tried by a jury and before the finding of guilty in cases tried by the court without a jury.B. If an offense has been committed within the Commonwealth and it cannot readily be determined within which county or city the offense was committed, venue for the prosecution of the offense may be had in the county or city (i) in which the defendant resides; (ii) if the defendant is not a resident of the Commonwealth, in which the defendant is apprehended; or (iii) if the defendant is not a resident of the Commonwealth and is not apprehended in the Commonwealth, in which any related offense was committed.C. The courts of a locality shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the courts of any other locality adjoining such locality over criminal offenses committed in or upon the premises, buildings, rooms, or offices owned or occupied by such locality or any officer, agency, or department thereof that are located in the adjoining locality.1975, c. 495; 2015, cc. 632, 637; 2018, c. 164.
VA Code § 19.2-245 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-245. Offenses committed without and made punishable within Commonwealth; embezzlement or larceny committed within Commonwealth; where prosecuted

Prosecution for offenses committed wholly or in part without and made punishable within this Commonwealth may be in any county or city in which the offender is found or to which he is sent by any judge or court; and if any person shall commit larceny or embezzlement beyond the jurisdiction of this Commonwealth and bring the stolen property into the same he shall be liable to prosecution and punishment for larceny or embezzlement in any county or city into which he shall have taken the property as if the same had been wholly committed therein; and if any person shall commit larceny or embezzlement within this Commonwealth and take the stolen property into any county or city other than the county or city within which the same was committed he shall be liable to prosecution and punishment for such larceny or embezzlement in any such county or city into which he shall have taken the property as if the same had been wholly committed therein; provided, that if any person shall commit embezzlement within this Commonwealth he shall be liable as aforesaid or to prosecution and punishment for his offense in the county or city in which he was legally obligated to deliver the embezzled funds or property.Code 1950, § 19.1-220; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495; 1977, c. 216.
VA Code § 19.2-245.01 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-245.01. Offenses involving reports or statements concerning cigarette sales or stamping

Any criminal violation of Chapter 42 (§ 3.2-4200 et seq.) of Title 3.2, Article 10 (§ 18.2-246.6 et seq.) of Chapter 6 of Title 18.2, or § 18.2-514 involving reports or statements concerning cigarette sales or stamping may be prosecuted in the City of Richmond.2009, c. 847; 2013, c. 625.
VA Code § 19.2-245.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-245.1. Forgery; where prosecuted

If any person commits forgery, that forgery may be prosecuted in any county or city (i) where the writing was forged, or where the same was used or passed, or attempted to be used or passed, or deposited or placed with another person, firm, association, or corporation either for collection or credit for the account of any person, firm, association, or corporation; (ii) where the writing is found in the possession of the defendant; or (iii) where an issuer, acquirer, or account holder sustained a financial loss as a result of the offense.1979, c. 30; 2000, c. 327; 2019, cc. 46, 621.
VA Code § 19.2-245.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-245.2. Tax offenses; where prosecuted

If an offense involving tax, as defined in Title 58.1, is committed, that offense may be prosecuted in either any county or city where a false or fraudulent tax return, document, or statement was filed, or the county or city where the offender resides. However, venue shall not be in the City of Richmond solely because a false or fraudulent tax return, document or statement was filed directly with the Department of Taxation.1990, c. 631.
VA Code § 19.2-246 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-246. Injury inflicted by person within Commonwealth upon one outside Commonwealth

If a mortal wound or other violence or injury be inflicted by a person within this Commonwealth upon one outside of the same, or upon one in this Commonwealth who afterwards dies from the effect thereof out of the Commonwealth, the offender shall be amenable to prosecution and punishment for the offense in the courts of the county or city in which he was at the time of the commission thereof as if the same had been committed in such county or city.Code 1950, § 19.1-221; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.
VA Code § 19.2-247 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-247. Venue in certain homicide cases

Where evidence exists that a homicide has been committed either within or without the Commonwealth, under circumstances that make it unknown where such crime was committed, the homicide and any related offenses shall be amenable to prosecution in the courts of the county or city where the body or any part thereof of the victim may be found or, if the victim was removed from the Commonwealth for medical treatment prior to death and died outside the Commonwealth, in the courts of the county or city from which the victim was removed for medical treatment prior to death, as if the offense has been committed in such county or city. In a prosecution pursuant to subdivision A 8 of § 18.2-31, the offense may be prosecuted in any jurisdiction in the Commonwealth in which any one of the killings may be prosecuted.Code 1950, § 19.1-221.1; 1973, c. 308; 1975, c. 495; 1996, c. 959; 2002, c. 503; 2015, cc. 632, 637; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 344, 345.
VA Code § 19.2-248 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 19.2 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 15 - Trial and Its Incidents|§ 19.2-248. Venue when mortal wound, etc., inflicted in one county and death ensues in another

If a mortal wound, or other violence or injury, be inflicted, or poison administered in one county or city, and death ensues therefrom in another county or city, the offense may be prosecuted in either.Code 1950, § 19.1-223; 1960, c. 366; 1975, c. 495.