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IA Code § 554.12305 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12305 - Liability for late or improper execution or failure to execute payment order.

554.12305 Liability for late or improper execution or failure to execute payment order.   1. If a funds transfer is completed, but execution of a payment order by the receiving bank in breach of section 554.12302 results in delay in payment to the beneficiary, the bank is obligated to pay interest to either the originator or the beneficiary of the funds transfer for the period of delay caused by the improper execution. Except as provided in subsection 3, additional damages are not recoverable.   2. If execution of a payment order by a receiving bank in breach of section 554.12302 results in noncompletion of the funds transfer, failure to use an intermediary bank designated by the originator, or issuance of a payment order that does not comply with the terms of the payment order of the originator, the bank is liable to the originator for the originator’s expenses in the funds transfer and for incidental expenses and interest losses, to the extent not covered by subsection 1, resulting from the improper execution. Except as provided in subsection 3, additional damages are not recoverable.   3. In addition to the amounts payable under subsections 1 and 2, damages, including consequential damages, are recoverable to the extent provided in an express written agreement of the receiving bank.   4. If a receiving bank fails to execute a payment order that the receiving bank was obligated by express agreement to execute, the receiving bank is liable to the sender for the sender’s expenses in the transaction and for incidental expenses and interest losses resulting from the failure to execute. Additional damages, including consequential damages, are recoverable to the extent provided in an express written agreement of the receiving bank, but are not otherwise recoverable.   5. Reasonable attorney’s fees are recoverable if demand for compensation under subsection 1 or 2 is made and refused before an action is brought on the claim. If a claim is made for breach of an agreement under subsection 4 and the agreement does not provide for damages, reasonable attorney’s fees are recoverable if demand for compensation under subsection 4 is made and refused before an action is brought on the claim.   6. Except as stated in this section, the liability of a receiving bank under subsections 1 and 2 may not be varied by agreement.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §25
IA Code § 554.12401 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12401 - Payment date.

554.12401 Payment date.   “Payment date” of a payment order means the day on which the amount of the order is payable to the beneficiary by the beneficiary’s bank. The payment date may be determined by instruction of the sender but cannot be earlier than the day the order is received by the beneficiary’s bank and, unless otherwise determined, is the day the order is received by the beneficiary’s bank.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §26  Referred to in §554.12105
IA Code § 554.12402 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12402 - Obligation of sender to pay receiving bank.

554.12402 Obligation of sender to pay receiving bank.   1. This section is subject to sections 554.12205 and 554.12207.   2. With respect to a payment order issued to the beneficiary’s bank, acceptance of the order by the bank obligates the sender to pay the bank the amount of the order, but payment is not due until the payment date of the order.   3. This subsection is subject to subsection 5 and to section 554.12303. With respect to a payment order issued to a receiving bank other than the beneficiary’s bank, acceptance of the order by the receiving bank obligates the sender to pay the bank the amount of the sender’s order. Payment by the sender is not due until the execution date of the sender’s order. The obligation of the sender to pay the sender’s payment order is excused if the funds transfer is not completed by acceptance by the beneficiary’s bank of the payment order instructing payment to the beneficiary of the sender’s payment order.   4. If the sender of a payment order pays the order and was not obligated to pay all or part of the amount paid, the bank receiving payment shall refund payment to the extent the sender was not obligated to pay. Except as provided in sections 554.12204 and 554.12304, interest is payable on the refundable amount from the date of payment.   5. If a funds transfer is not completed as stated in subsection 3 and an intermediary bank is obligated to refund payment as stated in subsection 4 but is unable to do so because the intermediary bank is not permitted by applicable law or because the bank suspends payments, a sender in the funds transfer that executed a payment order in compliance with an instruction, as stated in section 554.12302, subsection 1, paragraph “a”, to route the funds transfer through the intermediary bank is entitled to receive or retain payment from the sender of the payment order that it accepted. The first sender in the funds transfer that issued an instruction requiring routing through that intermediary bank is subrogated to the right of the bank that paid the intermediary bank to refund as stated in subsection 4.   6. The right of the sender of a payment order to be excused from the obligation to pay the order as stated in subsection 3 or to receive refund under subsection 4 may not be varied by agreement.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §27  Referred to in §554.12303, 554.12304, 554.12403, 554.12405
IA Code § 554.12403 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12403 - Payment by sender to receiving bank.

554.12403 Payment by sender to receiving bank.   1. Payment of the sender’s obligation under section 554.12402 to pay the receiving bank occurs as follows:   a. If the sender is a bank, payment occurs when the receiving bank receives final settlement of the obligation through a federal reserve bank or through a funds-transfer system.   b. If the sender is a bank and the sender credited an account of the receiving bank with the sender, or caused an account of the receiving bank in another bank to be credited, payment occurs when the credit is withdrawn or, if not withdrawn, at midnight of the day on which the credit is withdrawable and the receiving bank knows of that fact.   c. If the receiving bank debits an account of the sender with the receiving bank, payment occurs when the debit is made to the extent the debit is covered by a withdrawable credit balance in the account.   2. a. If the sender and receiving bank are members of a funds-transfer system that nets obligations multilaterally among participants, the receiving bank receives final settlement when settlement is complete in accordance with the rules of the system.   b. The obligation of the sender to pay the amount of a payment order transmitted through the funds-transfer system may be satisfied, to the extent permitted by the rules of the system, by setting off and applying against the sender’s obligation the right of the sender to receive payment from the receiving bank of the amount of any other payment order transmitted to the sender by the receiving bank through the funds-transfer system.   c. The aggregate balance of obligations owed by each sender to each receiving bank in the funds-transfer system may be satisfied, to the extent permitted by the rules of the system, by setting off and applying against that balance the aggregate balance of obligations owed to the sender by other members of the system. The aggregate balance is determined after the right of setoff stated in paragraph “b” has been exercised.   3. If two banks transmit payment orders to each other under an agreement that settlement of the obligations of each bank to the other under section 554.12402 will be made at the end of the day or other period, the total amount owed with respect to all orders transmitted by one bank shall be set off against the total amount owed with respect to all orders transmitted by the other bank. To the extent of the setoff, each bank has made payment to the other.   4. In a case not covered by subsection 1, the time when payment of the sender’s obligation occurs under section 554.12402, subsection 2 or 3, is governed by applicable principles of law that determine when an obligation is satisfied.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §28; 2010 Acts, ch 1061, §73  Referred to in §554.12105, 554.12209
IA Code § 554.12404 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12404 - Obligation of beneficiary’s bank to pay and give notice to beneficiary.

554.12404 Obligation of beneficiary’s bank to pay and give notice to beneficiary.   1. Subject to sections 554.12211, subsection 5, and 554.12405, subsections 4 and 5, if a beneficiary’s bank accepts a payment order, the beneficiary bank shall pay the amount of the order to the beneficiary of the order. Payment is due on the payment date of the order, but if acceptance occurs on the payment date after the close of the funds-transfer business day of the beneficiary’s bank, payment is due on the next funds-transfer business day. If the beneficiary’s bank refuses to pay upon demand by the beneficiary and receipt of notice of particular circumstances that will give rise to consequential damages as a result of nonpayment, the beneficiary may recover damages resulting from the refusal to pay to the extent the beneficiary’s bank had notice of the damages, unless the beneficiary’s bank proves that it did not pay because of a reasonable doubt concerning the right of the beneficiary to payment.   2. If a payment order accepted by the beneficiary’s bank instructs payment to an account of the beneficiary, the bank shall notify the beneficiary of receipt of the order before midnight of the next funds-transfer business day following the payment date. If the payment order does not instruct payment to an account of the beneficiary, the beneficiary’s bank is required to notify the beneficiary only if notice is required by the order. Notice may be given by first class mail or any other means reasonable in the circumstances. If the beneficiary’s bank fails to give the required notice, the bank shall pay interest to the beneficiary on the amount of the payment order from the day notice should have been given until the day the beneficiary learned of receipt of the payment order by the beneficiary’s bank. No other damages are recoverable. Reasonable attorney’s fees are also recoverable if demand for interest is made and refused before an action is brought on the claim.   3. The right of a beneficiary to receive payment and damages as stated in subsection 1 may not be varied by agreement or a funds-transfer system rule. The right of a beneficiary to be notified as stated in subsection 2 may be varied by agreement of the beneficiary or by a funds-transfer system rule if the beneficiary is notified of the rule before initiation of the funds transfer.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §29  Referred to in §554.12405, 554.12406, 554.12501
IA Code § 554.12406 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12406 - Payment by originator to beneficiary — discharge of underlying obligation.

554.12406 Payment by originator to beneficiary — discharge of underlying obligation.   1. Subject to section 554.12211, subsection 5, and section 554.12405, subsections 4 and 5, the originator of a funds transfer pays the beneficiary of the originator’s payment order at the time a payment order for the benefit of the beneficiary is accepted by the beneficiary’s bank in the funds transfer and in an amount equal to the amount of the order accepted by the beneficiary’s bank, but not more than the amount of the originator’s order.   2. If payment under subsection 1 is made to satisfy an obligation, the obligation is discharged to the same extent discharge would result from payment to the beneficiary of the same amount in money, unless the payment under subsection 1 was made by a means prohibited by the contract of the beneficiary with respect to the obligation, the beneficiary, within a reasonable time after receiving notice of receipt of the order by the beneficiary’s bank, notified the originator of the beneficiary’s refusal of the payment, funds with respect to the order were not withdrawn by the beneficiary or applied to a debt of the beneficiary, or the beneficiary would suffer a loss that could reasonably have been avoided if payment had been made by a means complying with the contract. If payment by the originator does not result in discharge under this section, the originator is subrogated to the rights of the beneficiary to receive payment from the beneficiary’s bank under section 554.12404, subsection 1.   3. For the purpose of determining whether discharge of an obligation occurs under subsection 2, if the beneficiary’s bank accepts a payment order in an amount equal to the amount of the originator’s payment order less charges of one or more receiving banks in the funds transfer, payment to the beneficiary is deemed to be in the amount of the originator’s order unless upon demand by the beneficiary the originator does not pay the beneficiary the amount of the deducted charges.   4. Rights of the originator or of the beneficiary of a funds transfer under this section may be varied only by agreement of the originator and the beneficiary.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §31  Referred to in §554.4213, 554.12105, 554.12405
IA Code § 554.12501 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12501 - Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule.

554.12501 Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule.   1. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the rights and obligations of a party to a funds transfer may be varied by agreement of the affected party.   2. “Funds-transfer system rule” means a rule of an association of banks governing transmission of payment orders by means of a funds-transfer system of the association or rights and obligations with respect to those orders, or to the extent the rule governs rights and obligations between banks that are parties to a funds transfer in which a federal reserve bank, acting as an intermediary bank, sends a payment order to the beneficiary’s bank. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, a funds-transfer system rule governing rights and obligations between participating banks using the system may be effective even if the rule conflicts with this Article and indirectly affects another party to the funds transfer who does not consent to the rule. A funds-transfer system rule may also govern the rights and obligations of parties other than participating banks using the system to the extent stated in section 554.12404, subsection 3, section 554.12405, subsection 4, and section 554.12507, subsection 3.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §32  Referred to in §554.12105
IA Code § 554.12502 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12502 - Creditor process served on receiving bank — setoff by beneficiary’s bank.

554.12502 Creditor process served on receiving bank — setoff by beneficiary’s bank.   1. As used in this section, “creditor process” means levy, attachment, garnishment, notice of lien, sequestration, or similar process issued by or on behalf of a creditor or other claimant with respect to an account.   2. This subsection applies to the creditor process with respect to an authorized account of the sender of a payment order if the creditor process is served on the receiving bank. For the purpose of determining the rights of the parties with respect to the creditor process, if the receiving bank accepts the payment order, the balance in the authorized account is deemed to be reduced by the amount of the payment order to the extent the bank did not otherwise receive payment of the order, unless the creditor process is served at a time and in a manner affording the bank a reasonable opportunity to act on it before the bank accepts the payment order.   3. If a beneficiary’s bank has received a payment order for payment to the beneficiary’s account in the bank, the following rules apply:   a. The beneficiary’s bank may credit the beneficiary’s account. The amount credited may be set off against an obligation owed by the beneficiary to the bank or may be applied to satisfy a creditor process served on the bank with respect to the account.   b. The beneficiary’s bank may credit the beneficiary’s account and allow withdrawal of the amount credited unless a creditor process with respect to the account is served at a time and in a manner affording the beneficiary’s bank a reasonable opportunity to act to prevent withdrawal.   c. If a creditor process with respect to the beneficiary’s account has been served and the beneficiary’s bank has had a reasonable opportunity to act on it, the beneficiary’s bank may not reject the payment order except for a reason unrelated to the service of process.   4. Creditor process with respect to a payment by the originator to the beneficiary pursuant to a funds transfer may be served only on the beneficiary’s bank with respect to the debt owed by that bank to the beneficiary. Any other bank served with the creditor process is not required to act with respect to the process.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §33
IA Code § 554.12503 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12503 - Injunction or restraining order with respect to funds transfer.

554.12503 Injunction or restraining order with respect to funds transfer.   For proper cause and in compliance with applicable law, a court may restrain a person from issuing a payment order to initiate a funds transfer, an originator’s bank from executing the payment order of the originator, or the beneficiary’s bank from releasing funds to the beneficiary or the beneficiary from withdrawing the funds. A court may not otherwise restrain a person from issuing a payment order, paying or receiving payment of a payment order, or otherwise acting with respect to a funds transfer.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §34
IA Code § 554.12504 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12504 - Order in which items and payment orders may be charged to account — order of withdrawals from account.

554.12504 Order in which items and payment orders may be charged to account — order of withdrawals from account.   1. If a receiving bank has received more than one payment order of the sender or one or more payment orders and other items that are payable from the sender’s account, the bank may charge the sender’s account with respect to the various orders and items in any sequence.   2. In determining whether a credit to an account has been withdrawn by the holder of the account or applied to a debt of the holder of the account, credits first made to the account are first withdrawn or applied.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §35
IA Code § 554.12505 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12505 - Preclusion of objection to debit of customer’s account.

554.12505 Preclusion of objection to debit of customer’s account.   If a receiving bank has received payment from the receiving bank’s customer with respect to a payment order issued in the name of the customer as sender and accepted by the receiving bank, and the customer received notification reasonably identifying the order, the customer is precluded from asserting that the receiving bank is not entitled to retain the payment unless the customer notifies the receiving bank of the customer’s objection to the payment within one year after the notification was received by the customer.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §36
IA Code § 554.12506 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12506 - Rate of interest.

554.12506 Rate of interest.   1. If, under this Article, a receiving bank is to pay interest with respect to a payment order issued to the bank, the amount payable may be determined by agreement of the sender and receiving bank, or by a funds-transfer system rule if the payment order is transmitted through a funds-transfer system.   2. If the amount of interest is not determined by an agreement or rule as stated in subsection 1, the amount is calculated by multiplying the applicable federal funds rate by the amount on which interest is payable, and then multiplying the product by the number of days for which interest is payable. The applicable federal funds rate is the average of the federal funds rates published by the federal reserve bank of New York for each of the days for which interest is payable divided by three hundred sixty. The federal funds rate for any day on which a published rate is not available is the same as the published rate for the next preceding day for which there is a published rate. If a receiving bank that accepted a payment order is required to refund payment to the sender of the order because the funds transfer was not completed, but the failure to complete was not due to any fault by the receiving bank, the interest payable is reduced by a percentage equal to the reserve requirement on deposits of the receiving bank.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §37