reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
KS Stat § 68-1901 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 19 - Controlled Access Facilities|68-1901 Definitions.

68-1901. Definitions. When used in this act:(a) "A controlled access facility" means a highway, road or street especially designed to expedite and control through and local traffic, and over, from or to which highway, road or street, owners or occupants of abutting property shall have only a controlled right or easement of access, light, air or view. Such highways, roads or streets may be opened to use by all customary forms of street and highway traffic, or they may be parkways from which designated vehicles shall be excluded.(b) "Highway authorities" means the secretary of transportation and the board of county commissioners of any county or governing body of any incorporated city acting individually or collectively.(c) "Frontage road" means a highway, road or street which is auxiliary to and located on the side of another highway, road or street for service to abutting property and adjacent areas and for control of access to such other highway, road or street.History: L. 1953, ch. 307, § 1; L. 1975, ch. 427, § 167; Aug. 15.
KS Stat § 68-1902 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 19 - Controlled Access Facilities|68-1902 Authority to establish controlled access facilities.

68-1902. Authority to establish controlled access facilities. The state, county or city highway authorities, acting alone, or cooperating with each other or with any federal, state or local authority, or any other state, are hereby authorized to design, designate, establish, regulate, vacate, alter, improve, construct and maintain controlled access facilities wherever such highway authorities determine that traffic conditions, present or future, justify such facilities, and said highway authorities may regulate and restrict the use of such facilities by the various classes of vehicles or traffic in a manner consistent with the purposes and provisions of this act. The highway authorities may so regulate, restrict or prohibit access to a controlled access facility so as to best serve the traffic for which such facility is intended.History: L. 1953, ch. 307, § 2; Apr. 2.
KS Stat § 68-1903 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 19 - Controlled Access Facilities|68-1903 Acquisition of property and property rights.

68-1903. Acquisition of property and property rights. The highway authorities, jointly or severally, may acquire the desired private or public property, including rights of access, light, air or view for controlled access facilities, by gift, devise, purchase or condemnation, in the same manner as now or hereafter authorized by law for acquiring property or property rights in connection with highways, roads and streets within their respective jurisdictions.History: L. 1953, ch. 307, § 3; Apr. 2.
KS Stat § 68-1904 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 19 - Controlled Access Facilities|68-1904 New and existing facilities; grade crossing eliminations.

68-1904. New and existing facilities; grade crossing eliminations. The highway authorities may designate and establish controlled access highways as new and additional facilities, or an existing street or highway may be included within such facility, and they may provide for the elimination of intersections at grade with existing state or county roads and city streets or other public ways if the public interests shall be served thereby, but no city street, county road or state highway or other public way shall be opened into or connected with such controlled access facility without the consent of the highway authority having jurisdiction over such controlled access facility, and the respective highway authorities are hereby authorized to make all necessary agreements between themselves and the federal government as may be necessary to fully perform and fulfill the purposes and provisions of this act.History: L. 1953, ch. 307, § 4; Apr. 2.
KS Stat § 68-1905 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 19 - Controlled Access Facilities|68-1905 Frontage roads.

68-1905. Frontage roads. The highway authorities, in order to carry out the purposes and provisions of this act, are authorized to design, designate, establish, regulate, vacate, alter, improve, construct, and maintain frontage roads and to exercise the same jurisdiction thereof as is authorized over controlled access facilities under this act, and such frontage roads shall be separated from the controlled access facility as may be deemed proper and necessary by the respective highway authorities.History: L. 1953, ch. 307, § 5; Apr. 2.
KS Stat § 68-2002 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2002 Turnpike projects.

68-2002. Turnpike projects. In order to provide for the construction of modern express highways or superhighways embodying, where feasible and necessary, safety devices, including center division, ample shoulder widths, longsight distances, multiple lanes in each direction and grade separation at intersections with other highways and railroads, and thereby facilitate vehicular traffic, provide better connections between the highway system of Kansas and the highway systems of the adjoining states, remove many of the present handicaps and hazards on the congested highways in the state, and promote the agricultural and industrial development of the state, the Kansas turnpike authority is hereby authorized and empowered to construct, maintain, repair and operate turnpike projects, and to issue revenue bonds of the authority, payable solely or partly from revenues, to finance such projects. No toll road project shall be undertaken unless and until such project and the proposed location therefor have been thoroughly studied with respect to traffic, engineering, cost and financing nor unless such study shows:(a) That public funds for construction of a free expressway are not available;(b) that the construction of a toll expressway can be financed solely or partly through the investment of private funds in toll road revenue bonds; and(c) that the project and indebtedness incurred therefor can be financed solely or partly through tolls and other income from operation of the project.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 2; L. 2019, ch. 49, § 2; July 1.
KS Stat § 68-2004 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2004 Same; general grant of powers.

68-2004. Same; general grant of powers. (a) The authority is hereby authorized and empowered to:(1) Adopt bylaws for the regulation of its affairs and the conduct of its business;(2) adopt an official seal and alter the same at pleasure;(3) maintain an office at such place or places within the state as it may designate;(4) sue and be sued in its own name, plead and be impleaded;(5) determine the location, subject to the approval of the secretary of transportation, of each turnpike project financed under the provisions of this act, determine its design and the materials of construction, and construct, maintain, repair and operate the same;(6) issue turnpike revenue bonds of the authority for any of its corporate purposes, payable solely or partly from the tolls and revenues pledged for their payment, and to refund its bonds, all as provided in this act;(7) fix and revise from time to time and charge and collect tolls for transit over each turnpike project;(8) adopt rules and regulations for the use of any such turnpike project, and adopt rules and regulations for traffic control on such project;(9) acquire, hold and dispose of real and personal property in the exercise of its powers and the performance of its duties under this act;(10) designate the locations, and establish, limit and control such points of ingress to and egress from each turnpike project as may be necessary or desirable in the judgment of the authority to insure the proper operation and maintenance of such project, and to prohibit entrance to such project from any point or points not so designated;(11) make and enter into all contracts and agreements necessary or incidental to the performance of its duties and the execution of its powers under this act;(12) employ consulting engineers, attorneys, accountants, construction and financial experts, superintendents, managers, and such other employees and agents as may be necessary in its judgment, and to fix their compensation;(13) receive and accept from any federal agency grants for or in aid of the construction of any turnpike project, and to receive and accept aid or contributions from any source of either money, property, labor or other things of value, to be held, used and applied only for the purposes for which such grants and contributions may be made; and(14) do all acts and things necessary or convenient to carry out the powers expressly granted in this act.(b) Violation of any of the rules and regulations adopted under this section shall be unlawful and subject to the penalties contained in K.S.A. 8-2116, and amendments thereto.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 4; L. 1975, ch. 427, § 170; L. 1983, ch. 230, § 1; L. 2019, ch. 49, § 3; July 1.
KS Stat § 68-2008 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2008 Bonds payable solely or partly from revenues; expenses.

68-2008. Bonds payable solely or partly from revenues; expenses. Revenue bonds issued under the provisions of this act shall not be deemed to constitute a debt of the state or of any political subdivision thereof or a pledge of the faith and credit of the state or of any such political subdivision thereof, but all such bonds shall be payable solely or partly from the funds provided from revenues. All such revenue bonds shall contain on the face a statement to the effect that neither the state nor the authority shall be obligated to pay the same or the interest thereon except from revenues of the project or projects for which they are issued and that neither the faith and credit nor the taxing power of the state or any political subdivision thereof is pledge to the payment of the principal of or the interest on such bonds.All expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of this act shall be payable solely or partly from funds provided under the authority of this act and no liability or obligation shall be incurred by the authority beyond the extent to which moneys shall have been provided under the provisions of this act.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 8; L. 2019, ch. 49, § 4; July 1.
KS Stat § 68-2010 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2010 Trust agreement or resolution providing for bond issues; contents; expenses of.

68-2010. Trust agreement or resolution providing for bond issues; contents; expenses of. In the discretion of the authority any bonds issued under the provisions of this act may be secured by a trust agreement by and between the authority and a corporate trustee, which may be any trust company or bank having the powers of a trust company within or without the state. Such trust agreement or the resolution providing for the issuance of such bonds may pledge or assign the tolls and other revenues to be received, but shall not convey or mortgage any turnpike project or any part thereof. Such trust agreement or resolution providing for the issuance of such bonds may contain such provisions for protecting and enforcing the rights and remedies of the bondholders as may be reasonable and proper and not in violation of law, including covenants setting forth the duties of the authority in relation to the acquisition of property and the construction, improvement, maintenance, repair, operation and insurance of the turnpike project or projects in connection with which such bonds shall have been authorized, the rates of toll to be charged, and the custody, safeguarding and application of all moneys.It shall be lawful for any bank or trust company incorporated under the laws of the state which may act as depository of the proceeds of bonds or of revenues to furnish such indemnifying bonds or to pledge such securities as may be required by the authority. Any such trust agreement may set forth the rights and remedies of the bondholders and of the trustee, and may restrict the individual right of action by bondholders. In addition to the foregoing, any such trust agreement or resolution may contain such other provisions as the authority may deem reasonable and proper for the security of the bondholders. All expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of such trust agreement or resolution may be treated as a part of the cost of the operation of the turnpike project or projects.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 10; Apr. 7.
KS Stat § 68-2011 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2011 Trust funds; how held and applied.

68-2011. Trust funds; how held and applied. All moneys received pursuant to the authority of this act, whether as proceeds from the sale of bonds or as revenues, shall be deemed to be trust funds to be held and applied solely as provided in this act. The resolution authorizing the bonds of any issue or the trust agreement securing such bonds shall provide that any officer with whom, or any bank or trust company with which, such moneys shall be deposited shall act as trustees of such moneys and shall hold and apply the same for the purposes hereof, subject to such regulations as this act and such resolution or trust agreement may provide.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 11; Apr. 7.
KS Stat § 68-2012 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2012 Remedies of bondholders.

68-2012. Remedies of bondholders. Any holder of bonds issued under the provisions of this act or any of the coupons appertaining thereto, and the trustee under any trust agreement, except to the extent the rights herein given may be restricted by such trust agreement, may, either at law or in equity, by suit, action, mandamus or other proceeding, protect and enforce any and all rights under the laws of the state or granted hereunder or under such trust agreement or the resolution authorizing the issuance of such bonds, and may enforce and compel the performance of all duties required by this act or by such trust agreement or resolution to be performed by the authority or by any officer thereof, including the fixing, charging and collecting of tolls.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 12; Apr. 7.
KS Stat § 68-2013 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2013 Exercise of governmental function; bonds and income from projects and property exempt from taxation.

68-2013. Exercise of governmental function; bonds and income from projects and property exempt from taxation. The exercise of the powers granted by this act will be in all respects for the benefit of the people of the state, for the increase of their commerce and prosperity, and for the improvement of their health and living conditions, and as the operation and maintenance of turnpike projects by the authority will constitute the performance of essential governmental functions, the authority shall not be required to pay any taxes or assessments upon the income derived from any turnpike project or property acquired or used by the authority under the provisions of this act. Any bonds issued under the provisions of this act, their transfer and the income therefrom (including any profit made on the sale thereof) shall at all times be free from taxation within the state.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 13; L. 1975, ch. 495, § 14; July 1.
KS Stat § 68-2014 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2014 Bonds eligible for investment.

68-2014. Bonds eligible for investment. Bonds issued by the authority under the provisions of this act are hereby made securities in which all insurance companies, trust companies, banking associations, investment companies, executors, administrators, trustees and other fiduciaries may properly and legally invest funds, including capital in their control or belonging to them. Such bonds are hereby made securities which may properly and legally be deposited with and received by any state or municipal officer or any agency or political subdivision of the state for any purpose for which the deposit of bonds or obligations of the state is now or may hereafter be authorized by law.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 14; Apr. 7.
KS Stat § 68-2015 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2015 Operation of projects; restoration and repair of private property; agreements with political subdivisions; annual report and audit; employees contracting with authority; penalty.

68-2015. Operation of projects; restoration and repair of private property; agreements with political subdivisions; annual report and audit; employees contracting with authority; penalty. Each turnpike project when constructed and opened to traffic shall be maintained and kept in good condition and repair by the authority. Each such project shall also be policed and operated by such force of police, toll-takers and other operating employees as the authority may in its discretion employ.All private property damaged or destroyed in laying out and constructing said turnpike project shall be restored or repaired and placed in its original condition as nearly as practicable or adequate compensation made therefor out of funds provided under the authority of this act.All counties, cities, towns and other political subdivisions and all public agencies and commissions of the state, notwithstanding any contrary provision of law, are hereby authorized and empowered to lease, lend, grant or convey to the authority at its request upon such terms and conditions as the proper authorities of such counties, cities, towns, political subdivisions, agencies or commissions of the state may deem reasonable and fair and without the necessity for any advertisement, order of court or other action or formality, other than the regular and formal action of the authorities concerned, any real property which may be necessary or convenient to the effectuation of the authorized purposes of the authority, including public roads and other real property already devoted to public use.Annually, prior to the 10th day of each regular session of the legislature, the authority shall make an annual report of its activities for the preceding fiscal year to the governor. Each such report shall set forth a complete operating and financial statement covering its operations during the year. The authority shall cause an audit of its books and accounts to be made at least once in each year by certified public accountants and the cost thereof may be treated as a part of the cost of construction or operation of the project.Any member, agent or employee of the authority who contracts with the authority or is interested, either directly or indirectly, in any contract with the authority or in the sale of any property, either real or personal, to the authority shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 15; L. 1957, ch. 369, § 1; L. 1979, ch. 213, § 1; L. 2015, ch. 8, § 2; July 1.
KS Stat § 68-2016 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2016 Turnpike revenue refunding bonds, when.

68-2016. Turnpike revenue refunding bonds, when. The authority is hereby authorized to provide by resolution for the issuance of turnpike revenue refunding bonds of the authority for the purpose of refunding any bonds then outstanding which shall have been issued under the provisions of this act, including the payment of any redemption premium thereon and any interest accrued or to accrue to the date of redemption of such bonds, and, if deemed advisable by the authority, for the additional purpose of constructing improvements, extensions, or enlargements of the turnpike project or projects in connection with which the bonds to be refunded shall have been issued. The authority is further authorized to provide by resolution for the issuance of its turnpike revenue bonds for the combined purpose of (a) refunding any bonds then outstanding which shall have been issued under the provisions of this act, including the payment of any redemption premium thereon and any interest accrued or to accrue to the date of redemption of such bonds, and (b) paying all or any part of the cost of any additional turnpike project or projects. The issuance of such bonds, the maturities and other details thereof, the rights of the holders thereof, and the rights, duties and obligations of the authority in respect of the same, shall be governed by the provisions of this act insofar as the same may be applicable.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 16; Apr. 7.
KS Stat § 68-2017 (2021)
2021 Kansas Statutes|Chapter 68 - Roads And Bridges|Article 20 - Toll Roads Or Turnpikes|68-2017 Project to become part of state highway system after retirement of bonds; operation by secretary of transportation; continuation of tolls for other projects, when.

68-2017. Project to become part of state highway system after retirement of bonds; operation by secretary of transportation; continuation of tolls for other projects, when. Except as hereinafter provided in this section, when all bonds issued under the provisions of K.S.A. 68-2001 to 68-2020, inclusive, and acts amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto, in connection with any turnpike project and the interest thereon shall have been paid or a sufficient amount for the payment of all such bonds and the interest thereon to the maturity thereof shall have been set aside in trust for the benefit of the bondholders, such project, if then in good condition and repair, shall become a part of the state highway system and shall thereafter be maintained by the department of transportation.The secretary of transportation, when such project becomes a part of the state highway system, shall have the same power as vested in the authority by K.S.A. 68-2009, to fix, revise, charge and collect tolls for the use of such turnpike project and to contract for the use of any part thereof and to fix the terms, conditions, rents and rates of charges for such use; and such tolls, rents and rates of charges shall be sufficient to provide enough revenue to maintain, repair, operate, regulate and police such turnpike.The authority may, however, at any time prior thereto covenant to continue tolls for the use of such project and pledge such tolls to the payment of bonds issued under the provisions of K.S.A. 68-2001 to 68-2020, inclusive, and acts amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto, or K.S.A. 68-2030 to 68-2049, inclusive, and acts amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto, or K.S.A. 68-2044 and amendments thereto and statutes supplemental thereto, in connection with another turnpike project or projects, but any such pledge of tolls of a turnpike project to the payment of bonds issued in connection with another project or projects shall not be effectual until the principal of and the interest on the bonds issued in connection with the first and second mentioned project shall have been paid or provision made for their payment.History: L. 1953, ch. 308, § 17; L. 1975, ch. 427, § 174; L. 1978, ch. 275, § 1; L. 1982, ch. 280, § 1; July 1.