reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MO Rev Stat § 509.060 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.060 - Joinder of claims.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.060. Joinder of claims. — The plaintiff in his petition or in a reply setting forth a counterclaim and the defendant in an answer setting forth a counterclaim may join either as independent or as alternate claims as many claims either legal or equitable or both as he may have against an opposing party. There may be a like joinder of claims where there are multiple parties if the requirements of sections 507.030, 507.040 and 507.060 are satisfied. There may be a like joinder of cross-claims or third-party claims if the requirements of section 509.460 and section 507.080, respectively, are satisfied. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 37)
MO Rev Stat § 509.070 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.070 - Two claims may be joined in a single action, when — court shall grant relief, when.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.070. Two claims may be joined in a single action, when — court shall grant relief, when. — Whenever a claim is one heretofore cognizable only after another claim has been prosecuted to a conclusion, the two claims may be joined in a single action; but the court shall grant relief in that action only in accordance with the relative substantive rights of the parties. In particular, a plaintiff may state a claim for money and a claim to have set aside a conveyance fraudulent as to him, without first having obtained a judgment establishing the claim for money; a plaintiff may state his original claim against the defendant and also in either the original or an amended petition or a reply, a claim for having any release, composition, settlement, or discharge of the original claim set aside as fraudulent or otherwise wrongfully procured. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 38)
MO Rev Stat § 509.080 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.080 - Defenses — form of denials.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.080. Defenses — form of denials. — A party shall state in short and plain terms his defenses to each claim asserted and shall admit or deny the averments upon which the adverse party relies. If he is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of an averment, he shall so state and this has the effect of a denial. Denials shall fairly meet the substance of the averments denied. When a pleader intends in good faith to deny only a part or a qualification of an averment, he shall specify so much of it as is true and material and shall deny only the remainder. Unless the pleader intends in good faith to controvert all the averments of the preceding pleading, he may make his denials as specific denials of designated averments or paragraphs, or he may generally deny all the averments except such designated averments or paragraphs as he expressly admits; but, when he does so intend to controvert all its averments he may do so by general denial. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 39)
MO Rev Stat § 509.090 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.090 - Affirmative defenses.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.090. Affirmative defenses. — In pleading to a preceding pleading, a party shall set forth affirmatively accord and satisfaction, arbitration and award, assumption of risk, contributory negligence, discharge in bankruptcy, duress, estoppel, failure of consideration, fraud, illegality, injury by fellow servant, laches, license, payment, release, res judicata, statute of frauds, statute of limitations, truth in defamation, waiver, and any other matter constituting an avoidance or affirmative defense. When a party has mistakenly designated a defense as a counterclaim or a counterclaim as a defense, the court shall treat the pleadings as if there had been a proper designation. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 40)
MO Rev Stat § 509.100 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.100 - Failure to deny, effect.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.100. Failure to deny, effect. — Averments in a pleading to which a responsive pleading is required, other than those as to the amount of damage, are admitted when not denied in the responsive pleadings. When a reply is filed, whether required or not, all affirmative defenses of the answer which are not denied in the reply are deemed admitted. Averments in a pleading to which a responsive pleading is not filed and is not required shall be taken as denied or avoided. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 41)
MO Rev Stat § 509.110 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.110 - Pleading in alternative — consistency.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.110. Pleading in alternative — consistency. — A party may set forth two or more statements of a claim or defense alternately or hypothetically, either in one count or defense or in separate counts or defenses. When two or more statements are made in the alternative and one of them if made independently would be sufficient, the pleading is not made insufficient by the insufficiency of one or more of the alternative statements. A party may also state as many separate claims or defenses as he has whether based on legal or on equitable grounds or on both. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 42)
MO Rev Stat § 509.120 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.120 - Averments, how made.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.120. Averments, how made. — All averments of claim or defense shall be made in numbered paragraphs, the contents of each of which shall be limited as far as practicable to a statement of a single set of circumstances; and a paragraph may be referred to by number in all succeeding pleadings. Each claim founded upon a separate transaction or occurrence and each defense other than denials shall be stated in a separate count or defense whenever a separation facilitates the clear presentation of the matters set forth. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 43)
MO Rev Stat § 509.130 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.130 - Adoption of statements by reference — exhibits.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.130. Adoption of statements by reference — exhibits. — Statements in a pleading may be adopted by reference in a different part of the same pleading or in another pleading or in any motion. An exhibit to a pleading is a part thereof for all purposes. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 44)
MO Rev Stat § 509.140 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.140 - Averments as to capacity or authority of parties to sue or be sued.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.140. Averments as to capacity or authority of parties to sue or be sued. — It shall be sufficient to aver the ultimate fact of the capacity of a party to sue or be sued or the authority of a party to sue or be sued in a representative capacity or the legal existence of a corporation or of an organized association of persons that is made a party. When a person desires to raise an issue as to the legal existence of any party or the capacity of any party to sue or be sued or the authority of a party to sue or be sued in a representative capacity, he shall do so by specific negative averment, which shall include such supporting particulars as are peculiarly within the pleader's knowledge. When a party so raises such issue, the burden of proof thereon shall be placed upon the opposite party. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 45)
MO Rev Stat § 509.150 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.150 - Partnership deemed confessed, unless denied.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.150. Partnership deemed confessed, unless denied. — When parties sue or are sued as a partnership, and the names of the partners are set forth in the petition or counterclaim, the existence of the partnership shall be deemed confessed unless it be denied by specific negative averment, which shall include such supporting particulars as are peculiarly within the pleader's knowledge. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 46)
MO Rev Stat § 509.160 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.160 - Particularity required in all averments of fraud or mistake.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.160. Particularity required in all averments of fraud or mistake. — In all averments of fraud or mistake, the circumstances constituting fraud or mistake shall be stated with particularity. Malice, intent, knowledge, and other condition of mind of a person may be averred generally. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 47)
MO Rev Stat § 509.170 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.170 - Conditions precedent — how pleaded.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.170. Conditions precedent — how pleaded. — In pleading the performance or occurrence of conditions precedent, it is sufficient to aver generally that all conditions precedent have been performed or have occurred. A denial of performance or occurrence shall be made specifically and with particularity, and when so made, the party pleading the performance or occurrence shall establish on the trial the facts showing such performance or occurrence. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 48)
MO Rev Stat § 509.180 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.180 - Official documents or acts, form of pleading.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.180. Official documents or acts, form of pleading. — In pleading an official document or official act it is sufficient to aver that the document was issued or the act done in compliance with law. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 49)
MO Rev Stat § 509.190 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.190 - Judgments and decisions, form of pleading.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.190. Judgments and decisions, form of pleading. — In pleading a judgment or decision of a domestic or foreign court, judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal, or of a board or officer, it is sufficient to aver the judgment or decision without setting forth matter showing jurisdiction to render it. If such allegations be controverted, the party pleading them shall establish on the trial the facts conferring jurisdiction. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 50)
MO Rev Stat § 509.200 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.200 - Claims of items of special damage shall be specifically stated.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.200. Claims of items of special damage shall be specifically stated. — When items of special damage are claimed, they shall be specifically stated. In actions where exemplary or punitive damages are recoverable, the petition shall state separately the amount of such damages sought to be recovered. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 52)
MO Rev Stat § 509.210 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.210 - Libel and slander, averments — defenses.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.210. Libel and slander, averments — defenses. — In an action for libel or slander, it shall not be necessary to state in the petition any extrinsic facts, for the purpose of showing the application to the plaintiff of the defamatory matter out of which the claim arose, but it shall be sufficient to state, generally, that the same was published or spoken concerning the plaintiff; and if such allegation be not controverted in the answer, it shall not be necessary to prove it on the trial; in other cases it shall be necessary. The defendant may, in his answer, allege both the truth of the matter charged as defamatory and any mitigating circumstances admissible in evidence to reduce the amount of damages; and whether he prove the justification or not, he may give in evidence the mitigating circumstance. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 53)
MO Rev Stat § 509.220 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.220 - Private statutes, averments — laws of other states — judicial notice.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.220. Private statutes, averments — laws of other states — judicial notice. — 1. In pleading a private statute or a right derived therefrom, it shall be sufficient to refer to such statute by its title and the place where found in the session acts or in the revised statutes, and the court shall thereupon take judicial notice thereof.  2. In every action or proceeding wherein the pleading states that the law of another state is relied upon, the courts of this state shall take judicial notice of the public statutes and judicial decisions of said state. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 54)
MO Rev Stat § 509.230 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.230 - Pleading written instrument.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.230. Pleading written instrument. — Whenever a claim, defense, or counterclaim is founded upon a written instrument, the same may be pleaded according to legal effect, or may be recited at length in the pleading, or a copy may be attached to the pleading as an exhibit. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 55)
MO Rev Stat § 509.240 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.240 - Execution of written instrument deemed confessed, when.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.240. Execution of written instrument deemed confessed, when. — When any claim or counterclaim shall be founded upon any written instrument and the same shall be set up at length in the pleading or a copy attached thereto as an exhibit, the execution of such instrument shall be deemed confessed unless the party charged to have executed the same shall specifically deny the execution thereof. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 56)
MO Rev Stat § 509.250 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.250 - Pleadings, how construed.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.250. Pleadings, how construed. — All pleadings shall be so construed as to do substantial justice. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 57)
MO Rev Stat § 509.260 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.260 - Time of pleading.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.260. Time of pleading. — 1. A defendant shall file his answer within thirty days after the service of the summons and petition upon him, except where service by mail is had, in which event a defendant shall file his answer within thirty days after the return registered mail receipt, as required by subsection 2 of section 506.160 and subsection 3 of section 506.180, is filed in the case, or within forty-five days after the first publication of notice in case that neither personal service nor service by mail is had.  2. If a cross-claim be filed against a party, he shall file an answer thereto within twenty days after the same be filed. The plaintiff shall file his reply to a counterclaim in the answer within twenty days after filing of the answer or, if a reply is ordered by the court, within twenty days after entry of the order, unless the order otherwise directs.  3. The filing of any motion provided for in sections 509.290 to 509.320 alters the time fixed for filing any required responsive pleadings as follows, unless a different time is fixed by order of the court: If the court denies the motion or postpones its disposition until the trial on the merits, the responsive pleading may be filed within ten days after notice of the court's action; if the court grants a motion for a more definite statement or for a bill of particulars, the responsive pleading may be filed within ten days after the filing of the more definite statement or bill of particulars. In either case the time for filing of the responsive pleading shall be no less than remains of the time which would have been allowed under this section if the motion had not been made. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 58)
MO Rev Stat § 509.270 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.270 - Demurrers and pleas in abatement and to the jurisdiction shall not be used.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.270. Demurrers and pleas in abatement and to the jurisdiction shall not be used. — Demurrers and pleas in abatement and to the jurisdiction shall not be used. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 59)
MO Rev Stat § 509.280 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.280 - Motions, form of.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.280. Motions, form of. — 1. An application to the court for an order shall be by motion which, unless made during a hearing or trial, shall be made in writing, shall state with particularity the grounds therefor, and shall set forth the relief or order sought. The requirement of writing is fulfilled if the motion is stated in a written notice of the hearing of the motion.  2. The provisions applicable to captions, signing, and other matters of form of pleadings apply to all motions and other papers provided for by this code. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 60)
MO Rev Stat § 509.290 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.290 - Objections which may be raised by motions.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.290. Objections which may be raised by motions. — 1. The following objections and other matters may be raised by motion whether or not the same may appear from the pleadings and other papers filed in the cause:  (1) Lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter;  (2) Lack of jurisdiction over the person;  (3) Improper venue;  (4) Insufficiency of process;  (5) Insufficiency of service of process;  (6) That plaintiff should furnish security for costs;  (7) That plaintiff has not legal capacity to sue;  (8) That there is another action pending between the same parties for the same cause in this state;  (9) That several claims have been improperly united;  (10) That the counterclaim or cross-claim is one which cannot be properly interposed in the action.  2. The grounds of any of the above may be supplied by affidavit and may be controverted by opposing affidavit in accordance with subsection 4 of section 506.060. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 61)
MO Rev Stat § 509.300 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.300 - Failure to state a claim or defense, raised on motion, when.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.300. Failure to state a claim or defense, raised on motion, when. — The objections of failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted or to state a legal defense to a claim may be raised by motion when these objections appear on the face of the pleadings. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 62)
MO Rev Stat § 509.310 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.310 - Motion for more definite statement or for a bill of particulars.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.310. Motion for more definite statement or for a bill of particulars. — A party may move for a more definite statement or for a bill of particulars of any matter contained in a petition, answer or reply which is not averred with sufficient definiteness or particularity to enable him properly to prepare his responsive pleadings or to prepare generally for trial when a responsive pleading is not required. If the motion is granted and the order of the court is not obeyed within ten days after notice of the order, or within such other time as the court may fix, the court may strike the pleading to which the motion was directed, or make such order as it deems just. A bill of particulars becomes a part of the pleading which it supplements. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 63)
MO Rev Stat § 509.320 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.320 - Matter which party may move to strike out.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.320. Matter which party may move to strike out. — A party may move to strike any redundant, immaterial, impertinent, or scandalous matter from any pleading. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 64)
MO Rev Stat § 509.330 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.330 - Time allowed for making motions.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.330. Time allowed for making motions. — All motions made shall be made within the time allowed for responding to the opposing party's pleading or, if no responsive pleading is permitted, within twenty days after the service of the last pleading. Motions and pleadings may be filed simultaneously by the same party without waiver of the matters contained in either. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 65)
MO Rev Stat § 509.340 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.340 - Consolidation of motions — waiver of objections — exceptions.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.340. Consolidation of motions — waiver of objections — exceptions. — A party who makes a motion may join with it the other motions provided for and then available to him. No objection is waived by being joined with one or more other objections in the motion, nor shall pleading over or entering into the trial of the merits be deemed to waive any objection properly raised by motion. A party waives all objections and other matters then available to him by motion by failure to assert the same by motion within the time limited by section 509.330, except failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, or failure to state a legal defense to a claim, and except lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 66)
MO Rev Stat § 509.350 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.350 - Motion searches record.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.350. Motion searches record. — Upon motion directed to an answer or reply, substantial defects in all prior pleadings may be considered and judgment rendered against the party who has first failed to state a claim upon which relief can be granted or to state a legal defense to a claim. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 67)
MO Rev Stat § 509.360 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.360 - Motion for judgment on pleadings.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.360. Motion for judgment on pleadings. — After the pleadings are closed, but within such time as not to delay the trial, any party may move for judgment on the pleadings. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 68)
MO Rev Stat § 509.370 (2021)
2021 Missouri Revised Statutes|Title XXXV - Civil Procedure and Limitations|Chapter 509 - Pleadings|Section 509.370 - Time for hearing of motions.

Effective - 28 Aug 1943   509.370. Time for hearing of motions. — All objections raised by motion shall be heard and determined before the trial on application of any party, unless the court for good cause orders that the hearing and determination thereof be deferred until the trial. ­­-------- (L. 1943 p. 353 § 69)