reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MN Stat § 325D.14 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.14 — Employer Not To Dispose Of Other Than Own Products.

325D.14 EMPLOYER NOT TO DISPOSE OF OTHER THAN OWN PRODUCTS. No employer shall, directly or indirectly, by itself or through a subsidiary agency owned or controlled in whole or in part by such employer, sell, cause to be sold, or possess or control for sale to employees or to any other person, any merchandise not handled by such employer in the regular course of business, nor shall any employer permit the employer's name, credit, or premises to be used in connection with the sale or offer for sale of any such merchandise. This section shall not apply to purchases by an employer for the purpose of resale to employees of such specialized equipment and paraphernalia as may be required for employees' safety and health, candy, chewing gum, tobacco, or meals consumed on the premises of such employer. The provisions of sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 shall not apply to any cooperative associations, duly established under the laws of the state of Minnesota, with respect to any merchandising transactions, which such cooperatives are authorized by their charters to conduct with their members. History:  1943 c 144 s 6; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 325D.15 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.15 — Violations; Restraining Orders.

325D.15 VIOLATIONS; RESTRAINING ORDERS. Any person violating the provisions of sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. Each act prohibited by sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 shall constitute a separate violation and offense thereunder. In addition to the penalties provided in sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 the courts of this state are hereby vested with jurisdiction to prevent and restrain violation of sections 325D.09 to 325D.16. Any person damaged or who is threatened with loss, damage, or injury by reason of a violation of sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 shall be entitled to sue for and have injunctive relief in any court of competent jurisdiction against any damage or threatened loss or injury by reason of a violation of sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 and for the amount of the actual damages, if any. In order to obtain such injunctive relief, it shall not be necessary to allege or prove that an adequate remedy at law does not exist. History:  1943 c 144 s 7,8; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 325D.16 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.16 — Application.

325D.16 APPLICATION. Nothing in sections 325D.09 to 325D.16 shall be deemed to prohibit the sale by an employer to employees of the employer's own products or property at any price. History:  1943 c 144 s 9; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 325D.30 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.30 — Minnesota Unfair Cigarette Sales Act; Findings And Policy.

325D.30 MINNESOTA UNFAIR CIGARETTE SALES ACT; FINDINGS AND POLICY. The legislature finds that unfair, dishonest, and fraudulent business practices exist in transactions involving the sale of, or offer to sell, cigarettes in the wholesale and retail trades in this state and are demoralizing and disorganizing the said trades. Offering for sale, or sale of cigarettes below cost in the wholesale and retail trade is declared by the legislature to have the intent or effect of injuring a competitor, destroying or lessening competition, and is deemed an unfair and deceptive business practice and an unfair method of competition. Such practices affect collection of taxes and license fees imposed on persons engaged in the sale of cigarettes. It is hereby declared to be the policy of the state of Minnesota and the purposes of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 to protect the public by prohibiting such sales. History:  1967 c 600 s 1; 1987 c 268 art 13 s 40
MN Stat § 325D.31 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.31 — Citation.

325D.31 CITATION. Sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 shall be known as the "Minnesota Unfair Cigarette Sales Act." History:   1967 c 600 s 2
MN Stat § 325D.34 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.34 — Combination Sales.

325D.34 COMBINATION SALES. In all offers for sale or sales involving cigarettes and any other item at a combined price and in all offers for sale, or sales, involving the giving of any gift or concession of any kind whatsoever, and which are not given by the wholesaler or retailer with all sales made in the ordinary course of trade or business, the wholesaler's or retailer's combined selling price shall not be below the cost to the wholesaler or the cost to the retailer, respectively, of the total of all articles, products, commodities, gifts, and concessions included in such transactions, except that if any such articles, products, commodities, gifts or concessions, shall not be cigarettes, the basic cost thereof shall be determined in like manner as provided in section 325D.32, subdivision 9. History:  1967 c 600 s 5; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 325D.35 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.35 — Sales By A Wholesaler To A Wholesaler.

325D.35 SALES BY A WHOLESALER TO A WHOLESALER. When one wholesaler sells cigarettes to any other wholesaler, the former shall not be required to include in the selling price to the latter, the cost of doing business to the wholesaler, as defined by section 325D.32, but the latter wholesaler, upon resale to a retailer, shall be subject to the provisions of the said section. For the purposes of this section, any sale of cigarettes to a wholesaler that will be placed in the inventory to be sold at retail, must include in the selling price the cost of doing business as defined by section 325D.32. History:  1967 c 600 s 6; 1969 c 759 s 3; 1986 c 444; 1987 c 268 art 13 s 51
MN Stat § 325D.36 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.36 — Sales Exceptions.

325D.36 SALES EXCEPTIONS. The provisions of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 shall not apply to a sale at wholesale or a sale at retail made (a) in an isolated transaction; (b) where cigarettes are offered for sale, or sold in a bona fide clearance sale for the purpose of discontinuing trade in such cigarettes and said offer to sell, or sale shall state the reason thereof and the quantity of such cigarettes offered for sale, or to be sold; (c) where cigarettes are offered for sale, or sold as imperfect or damaged, and said offer to sell, or sale shall state the reason therefor and the quantity of such cigarettes offered for sale, or to be sold. History:   1967 c 600 s 7
MN Stat § 325D.37 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.37 — Transactions Permitted To Meet Lawful Competition.

325D.37 TRANSACTIONS PERMITTED TO MEET LAWFUL COMPETITION. Subdivision 1. Authorization. Any wholesaler may advertise, offer to sell or sell cigarettes at a price made in good faith to meet the price of a competitor who is selling the same article at the cost to the competing wholesaler as defined by sections 325D.30 to 325D.42. Any retailer may offer to sell or sell cigarettes at a price made in good faith to meet the price of a competitor who is selling at the cost to the said competing retailer as defined in sections 325D.30 to 325D.42. The price of cigarettes offered for sale, or sold under the exceptions specified in section 325D.36 shall not be considered the price of a competitor and shall not be used as a basis for establishing prices below cost, nor shall the price established at a bankrupt or forced sale be considered the price of a competitor within the purview of this section. Subd. 2. Competitor's cost. In the absence of proof of the actual cost to a competing wholesaler or to a competing retailer, as the case may be, such cost shall be the lowest cost to wholesalers or the lowest cost to retailers, as the case may be, within the same trading area as determined by a cost survey made pursuant to section 325D.38, subdivision 2. Subd. 3. Notification to commissioner. Before selling cigarettes at a price set in good faith to meet competition, a wholesaler shall notify the commissioner in writing that it intends to meet a competitor's legal price. A wholesaler filing the notice shall be allowed to meet the competitor's price unless within seven days of receipt of the notice, the commissioner informs the wholesaler that the competitor's price is an illegal price. History:  1967 c 600 s 8; 1989 c 277 art 1 s 28; 1993 c 375 art 17 s 14
MN Stat § 325D.371 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.371 — Publication Of Cigarette Prices.

325D.371 PUBLICATION OF CIGARETTE PRICES. The commissioner shall publish in the State Register the presumed legal prices of all cigarettes as calculated pursuant to section 325D.32, subdivision 10. The prices must be published within one month of each recomputation, but not less than once each year. History:   1993 c 375 art 17 s 15
MN Stat § 325D.38 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.38 — Admissible Evidence.

325D.38 ADMISSIBLE EVIDENCE. Subdivision 1. Cost to wholesalers and retailers. In determining cost to the wholesaler and cost to the retailer the court shall receive and consider as bearing on the bona fides of such cost, evidence that any person complained against under any of the provisions of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 purchased or sold the cigarettes involved in the complaint before the court, at a fictitious price, or upon terms, or in such a manner, or under such invoices, as to conceal the true cost, discounts, or terms of purchase or sale. Subd. 2. Cost survey. Where a cost survey pursuant to recognized statistical and cost accounting practices has been made for the trading area in which a violation of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 is committed or charged, to determine and establish the lowest cost to wholesalers or the lowest cost to retailers within the area, the cost survey shall be deemed competent evidence in any action or proceeding under sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 to establish actual cost to the wholesaler or actual cost to the retailer complained against. In such surveys to determine cost to the wholesaler or retailer there shall be included in the cost of doing business without limitation, labor, rent, depreciation, sales costs, compensation, maintenance of equipment, cartage, licenses, taxes, insurance, or other expenses. History:  1967 c 600 s 9; 1987 c 268 art 13 s 52
MN Stat § 325D.39 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.39 — Sales Outside Ordinary Channels Of Business; Effect.

325D.39 SALES OUTSIDE ORDINARY CHANNELS OF BUSINESS; EFFECT. In establishing the basic cost of cigarettes to a wholesaler or a retailer, it shall not be permissible to use the invoice cost or the actual cost of any cigarettes purchased at a forced, bankrupt, or closeout sale, or other sale outside of the ordinary channels of trade, including purchases from the wholesale distributors who do not have their principal place of business within the state of Minnesota. History:   1967 c 600 s 10
MN Stat § 325D.40 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.40 — Violations.

325D.40 VIOLATIONS. Subdivision 1. Remedies. Any person who would suffer injury from any threatened violation of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 may maintain an action to enjoin such actual or threatened violation and proof of actual damages need not be alleged or proved in cases of threatened violation. If a violation or threatened violation of the Minnesota Unfair Cigarette Sales Act shall be established, the court shall enjoin such violator or threatened violator, and, in addition thereto, the court shall assess in favor of the plaintiff and against defendant the injuries of the suit including reasonable attorneys fees. Where alleged and proved, the plaintiff, in addition to such injunctive relief and cost of suit including reasonable attorneys fees, shall be entitled to recover from defendant the actual damages sustained. Subd. 2. Government agency sales. All state, municipal and other governmental agencies shall be governed by the Minnesota Unfair Cigarette Sales Act, and no such agency of government shall accept any bid offer which is below the "cost to wholesaler" as defined by section 325D.32, subdivision 10, paragraph (a), nor shall sell such cigarettes at a cost less than provided for in section 325D.32, subdivision 11. History:  1967 c 302 s 2; 1967 c 600 s 11; 1969 c 759 s 4; 1973 c 607 s 3; 1978 c 793 s 72; 1986 c 444; 1987 c 268 art 13 s 53; 2015 c 21 art 1 s 71
MN Stat § 325D.405 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.405 — Investigations.

325D.405 INVESTIGATIONS. The commissioner or duly authorized agents may conduct investigations to determine compliance with the provisions of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 and, in connection with such investigations, the commissioner and duly authorized agents have all the powers conferred upon the commissioner by section 45.027. History:  1991 c 291 art 9 s 44; 1Sp2001 c 5 art 20 s 14
MN Stat § 325D.415 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.415 — Cigarette Distributor Fees.

325D.415 CIGARETTE DISTRIBUTOR FEES. A cigarette distributor as defined in section 297F.01, subdivision 4, shall pay to the commissioner an annual fee as follows: (1) a fee of $2,500 is due from those distributors whose annual cigarette tax collections exceed $2,000,000; and (2) a fee of $1,200 is due from those distributors whose annual cigarette tax collections are $2,000,000 or less. The annual fee must be paid by December 31 of each year. The annual fee must be deposited into the general fund. History:  1989 c 277 art 1 s 29; 1997 c 106 art 2 s 6; 1998 c 254 art 1 s 84; 2000 c 260 s 55; 1Sp2001 c 5 art 20 s 15
MN Stat § 325D.42 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.42 — Partial Unconstitutionality.

325D.42 PARTIAL UNCONSTITUTIONALITY. The provisions of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42 shall be deemed to be severable and if for any reason any provisions shall be determined to be unconstitutional or invalid, such determination shall not be held to affect any other provisions hereof. And no such determination shall be deemed to invalidate or render ineffectual any of the other provisions of sections 325D.30 to 325D.42. History:   1967 c 600 s 14
MN Stat § 325D.43 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.43 — Definitions.

325D.43 DEFINITIONS. Subdivision 1. Scope. As used in sections 325D.43 to 325D.48, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms defined in this section have the meanings ascribed to them. Subd. 2. Article. "Article" means a product as distinguished from its trademark, label, or distinctive dress in packaging. Subd. 3. Certification mark. "Certification mark" means a mark used in connection with the goods or services of a person other than the certifier to indicate geographic origin, material, mode of manufacture, quality, accuracy, or other characteristics of the goods or services or to indicate that the work or labor on the goods or services was performed by members of a union or other organization. Subd. 4. Collective mark. "Collective mark" means a mark used by members of a cooperative, association, or other collective group or organization to identify goods or services and distinguish them from those of others, or to indicate membership in the collective group or organization. Subd. 5. Mark. "Mark" means a word, name, symbol, device, or any combination of the foregoing in any form or arrangement. Subd. 6. Service mark. "Service mark" means a mark used by a person to identify services and to distinguish them from the services of others. Subd. 7. Trademark. "Trademark" means a mark used by a person to identify goods and to distinguish them from the goods of others. Subd. 8. Trade name. "Trade name" means a word, name, symbol, device, or any combination of the foregoing in any form or arrangement used by a person to identify the person's business, vocation, or occupation and distinguish it from the business, vocation, or occupation of others. History:  1973 c 216 s 1; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 325D.44 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.44 — Deceptive Trade Practices.

325D.44 DECEPTIVE TRADE PRACTICES. Subdivision 1. Acts constituting. A person engages in a deceptive trade practice when, in the course of business, vocation, or occupation, the person: (1) passes off goods or services as those of another; (2) causes likelihood of confusion or of misunderstanding as to the source, sponsorship, approval, or certification of goods or services; (3) causes likelihood of confusion or of misunderstanding as to affiliation, connection, or association with, or certification by, another; (4) uses deceptive representations or designations of geographic origin in connection with goods or services; (5) represents that goods or services have sponsorship, approval, characteristics, ingredients, uses, benefits, or quantities that they do not have or that a person has a sponsorship, approval, status, affiliation, or connection that the person does not have; (6) represents that goods are original or new if they are deteriorated, altered, reconditioned, reclaimed, used, or secondhand; (7) represents that goods or services are of a particular standard, quality, or grade, or that goods are of a particular style or model, if they are of another; (8) disparages the goods, services, or business of another by false or misleading representation of fact; (9) advertises goods or services with intent not to sell them as advertised; (10) advertises goods or services with intent not to supply reasonably expectable public demand, unless the advertisement discloses a limitation of quantity; (11) makes false or misleading statements of fact concerning the reasons for, existence of, or amounts of price reductions; (12) in attempting to collect delinquent accounts, implies or suggests that health care services will be withheld in an emergency situation; or (13) engages in any other conduct which similarly creates a likelihood of confusion or of misunderstanding. Subd. 2. Proof. In order to prevail in an action under sections 325D.43 to 325D.48, a complainant need not prove competition between the parties or actual confusion or misunderstanding. Subd. 3. Other law. This section does not affect unfair, deceptive, or misleading trade practices otherwise actionable at common law or under other statutes of this state. History:  1973 c 216 s 2; 1986 c 444; 1988 c 592 s 11
MN Stat § 325D.45 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.45 — Remedies.

325D.45 REMEDIES. Subdivision 1. Injunctive relief. A person likely to be damaged by a deceptive trade practice of another may be granted an injunction against it under the principles of equity and on terms that the court considers reasonable. Proof of monetary damage, loss of profits, or intent to deceive is not required. Relief granted for the copying of an article shall be limited to the prevention of confusion or misunderstanding as to source. Subd. 2. Costs and attorney fees. Costs shall be allowed to the prevailing party unless the court otherwise directs. The court may award attorneys' fees to the prevailing party if (1) the party complaining of a deceptive trade practice has brought an action knowing it to be groundless, or (2) the party charged with a deceptive trade practice has willfully engaged in the trade practice knowing it to be deceptive. Subd. 3. Remedies cumulative. The relief provided in this section is in addition to remedies otherwise available against the same conduct under the common law or other statutes of this state. History:  1973 c 216 s 3; 1986 c 444
MN Stat § 325D.47 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.47 — Uniformity Of Application And Construction.

325D.47 UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION. Sections 325D.43 to 325D.48 shall be so applied and construed as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of sections 325D.43 to 325D.48 among those states which enact it. History:   1973 c 216 s 5
MN Stat § 325D.48 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.48 — Citation.

325D.48 CITATION. Sections 325D.43 to 325D.48 may be cited as the Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act. History:   1973 c 216 s 6
MN Stat § 325D.49 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.49 — Citation.

325D.49 CITATION. Sections 325D.49 to 325D.66 may be cited as the "Minnesota Antitrust Law of 1971." History:   1971 c 865 s 1
MN Stat § 325D.50 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.50 — Definitions.

325D.50 DEFINITIONS. Subdivision 1. Scope. Unless a different meaning is clearly indicated by the context, for the purposes of sections 325D.49 to 325D.66, the terms defined in this section have the meanings ascribed to them. Subd. 2. Commodity. "Commodity" means any goods, merchandise, wares, produce, chose in action, land, article of commerce, or any other tangible or intangible property, real, personal, or mixed, for use, consumption, enjoyment, or resale. Subd. 3. Service. "Service" means any kind of activity performed in whole or in part for financial gain. Subd. 4. Contract, combination, or conspiracy. "Contract, combination, or conspiracy" means any agreement, arrangement, collusion, or understanding. "Contract" includes a purchase, a contract to purchase, a sale, a contract to sell, a lease, a contract to lease, a license, or a contract to license. "Combination" includes a trust, common selling or purchasing agent, pool, or holding company. Subd. 5. Person. "Person" means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, incorporated and unincorporated association, or any other legal or commercial entity. Subd. 6. Trade or commerce. "Trade or commerce" means any economic activity of any type whatsoever involving any commodity or service whatsoever. History:   1971 c 865 s 2
MN Stat § 325D.51 (2021)
2021 Minnesota Statutes|Chapters 324 - 341 — Trade Regulations, Consumer Protection|Chapter 325D — Restraint Of Trade|Section 325D.51 — Unreasonable Restraint Of Trade Or Commerce.

325D.51 UNREASONABLE RESTRAINT OF TRADE OR COMMERCE. A contract, combination, or conspiracy between two or more persons in unreasonable restraint of trade or commerce is unlawful. History:   1971 c 865 s 3