reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
IA Code § 600.12A (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.12A - Death of person to be adopted — process for final adoption decree.

600.12A Death of person to be adopted — process for final adoption decree.   1. If the person to be adopted dies following the filing of an adoption petition pursuant to section 600.3, but prior to issuance of a final adoption decree pursuant to section 600.13, the juvenile court or court may waive any investigations and reports required pursuant to section 600.8 that remain uncompleted, waive the minimum residence requirements pursuant to section 600.10, proceed to the adoption hearing, and issue a final adoption decree, unless any person to whom notice is to be provided pursuant to section 600.11 objects to the adoption.   2. If the person to be adopted dies following termination of the parental rights of the person’s biological parents but prior to the filing of an adoption petition, the person who was the guardian or custodian of the person to be adopted prior to the person’s death or the person who was in a parent-child relationship with the person to be adopted prior to the person’s death may file an adoption petition and the juvenile court or court in the interest of justice may waive any other procedures or requirements related to the adoption, proceed to the adoption hearing, and issue a final adoption decree, unless any person to whom notice is to be provided pursuant to section 600.11 objects to the adoption.   3. A final adoption decree issued pursuant to this section terminates any parental rights existing prior to the time of its issuance and establishes the parent-child relationship between the adoption petitioner and the person adopted. However, the final adoption decree does not confer any rights on the adoption petitioner to the estate of the adopted person and does not confer any rights on the adopted person to the estate of the adoption petitioner.  98 Acts, ch 1064, §1, 3; 98 Acts, ch 1190, §31; 2000 Acts, ch 1145, §16
IA Code § 600.14 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.14 - Appeal — rules.

600.14 Appeal — rules.   1. An appeal from any final order or decree rendered under this chapter or chapter 600A shall be taken in the same manner as an appeal is taken from a final judgment under the rules of civil procedure. However, a rule of civil procedure provision regarding a minimum amount of value in controversy shall not bar an adoption appeal. The supreme court shall review an adoption appeal de novo.   2. The supreme court may adopt rules which provide for the expediting of contested cases under this chapter and chapter 600A.  [C77, 79, 81, §600.14]  94 Acts, ch 1174, §9, 22; 2018 Acts, ch 1041, §127
IA Code § 600.14A (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.14A - Standby adoption.

600.14A Standby adoption.   1. As used in this section:   a. “Standby adoption” means an adoption in which a terminally ill parent consents to termination of parental rights and the issuance of a final adoption decree effective upon the occurrence of a future event, which is either the death of the terminally ill parent or the request of the parent for the issuance of a final adoption decree.   b. “Terminally ill parent” means an individual who has a medical prognosis by a licensed physician that the individual has an incurable and irreversible condition which will lead to death.   2. A terminally ill parent may consent to termination of parental rights and adoption of a child under a standby adoption if the other parent of the child is not living or the other parent has previously had the parent’s parental rights terminated.   3. A person who meets the qualifications to file an adoption petition pursuant to section 600.4 may file a petition for standby adoption. A standby adoption shall comply with the requirements of sections 600.7 through 600.12. However, the court may order that the completion of placement investigations and reports be expedited based on the circumstances of a particular case. The court may waive the minimum residence period requirement pursuant to section 600.10 to expedite the standby adoption if necessary.   4. If a consent to a standby adoption is attached to an adoption petition pursuant to section 600.6, the court determines that the requirements of this chapter relative to a standby adoption are met, and the court determines that the standby adoption is in the best interest of the child to be adopted, the court shall issue a standby adoption decree or a final adoption decree. However, the terminally ill parent’s parental rights shall not be terminated and the standby adoption shall not be finalized until the death of the terminally ill parent or the request of the terminally ill parent for issuance of the final adoption decree.   5. A standby adoption decree shall become final upon notice of the death of the terminally ill parent or upon the terminally ill parent’s request that a final adoption decree be issued. If the court determines at the time of the notice or request that the standby adoption is still in the best interest of the child, the court shall issue a final adoption decree.  2001 Acts, ch 57, §5  Referred to in §600.3, 600.6, 600.13
IA Code § 600.15 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.15 - Foreign and international adoptions.

600.15 Foreign and international adoptions.   1. A decree establishing a parent-child relationship by adoption which is issued pursuant to due process of law by a juvenile court or court of any other jurisdiction within or outside the United States shall be recognized in this state.   2. For an adoption based on a decree issued by a foreign jurisdiction within the United States, an investigator shall conduct a postplacement investigation and issue a postplacement report as provided in section 600.8.   3. a. For an adoption based on a decree issued by a jurisdiction outside the United States, an investigator shall conduct a postplacement investigation that consists of a minimum of three face-to-face visits with the minor person and the adoptive parents during the first year after the placement, with the first such visit to be conducted within sixty days of the placement of the minor person in the adoptive home. Additional visits shall be conducted if required by the jurisdiction that issued the decree.   b. The postplacement investigation and report under this subsection shall include documentation that any unique needs of the minor person are being appropriately met through the placement.  [C77, 79, 81, §600.15]  87 Acts, ch 140, §1 – 3; 98 Acts, ch 1064, §2; 99 Acts, ch 138, §4; 2000 Acts, ch 1145, §18; 2001 Acts, ch 24, §67, 74; 2002 Acts, ch 1040, §4, 5; 2014 Acts, ch 1029, §3  Referred to in §144.25A
IA Code § 600.16 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.16 - Adoption record — penalty for violations.

600.16 Adoption record — penalty for violations.   1. Any information compiled under section 600.8, subsection 1, paragraph “c”, relating to medical and developmental histories shall be made available at any time by the clerk of court, the department, or any adoption service provider that made the placement to:   a. The adopting parents.   b. The adopted person, provided that person is an adult at the time the request for information is made. For the purposes of this paragraph “adult” means a person twenty-one years of age or older or a person who attains majority by marriage.   c. Any person approved by the department if the person uses this information solely for the purposes of conducting a legitimate medical research project or of treating a patient in a medical facility.   d. A descendant of an adopted person.   2. Information regarding an adopted person’s existing medical and developmental history and family medical history, which meets the definition of background information in section 600.8, subsection 1, paragraph “c”, shall be made available as provided in subsection 1. However, the identity of the adopted person’s biological parents shall not be disclosed.   3. The provisions of this section also apply to information collected pursuant to section 600A.4, pertaining to the family medical history, medical and developmental history, and social history of the person to be adopted.   4. Any person other than the adopting parents or the adopted person, who discloses information in violation of this section, is guilty of a simple misdemeanor for the first offense, a serious misdemeanor for a second offense, and an aggravated misdemeanor for a third or subsequent offense.  [C46, §600.9; C50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, §600.9, 600.10; C77, 79, 81, §600.16]  89 Acts, ch 102, §7; 91 Acts, ch 243, §3; 92 Acts, ch 1142, §1; 92 Acts, ch 1196, §3; 94 Acts, ch 1046, §16; 94 Acts, ch 1174, §10, 11, 22; 99 Acts, ch 138, §5; 2017 Acts, ch 113, §10  Referred to in §237.21, 238.24, 600.16B, 600A.4
IA Code § 600.16B (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.16B - Fees.

600.16B Fees.   The supreme court shall prescribe and the department of human services shall adopt rules, to defray the actual cost of the provision of information or the opening of records pursuant to section 600.16 or 600.16A.  92 Acts, ch 1196, §5
IA Code § 600.17 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.17 - Financial assistance.

600.17 Financial assistance.   The department of human services shall, within the limits of funds appropriated to the department of human services and any gifts or grants received by the department for this purpose, provide financial assistance to any person who adopts a child with physical or mental disabilities or an older or otherwise hard-to-place child, if the adoptive parent has the capability of providing a suitable home for the child but the need for special services or the costs of maintenance are beyond the economic resources of the adoptive parent.   1. Financial assistance shall not be provided when the special services are available free of cost to the adoptive parent or are covered by an insurance policy of the adoptive parent.   2. “Special services” means any medical, dental, therapeutic, educational, or other similar service or appliance required by an adopted child by reason of a mental or physical disability.   3. The department of human services shall make adoption presubsidy and adoption subsidy payments to adoptive parents at the beginning of the month for the current month.  [C73, 75, §600.11; C77, 79, 81, §600.17]  83 Acts, ch 96, §157, 159; 96 Acts, ch 1129, §102; 2005 Acts, ch 175, §126  Referred to in §225C.38, 234.47, 600.5, 600.18, 600.22, 627.19
IA Code § 600.18 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.18 - Determination of assistance.

600.18 Determination of assistance.   1. Any prospective adoptive parent desiring financial assistance shall state this fact in the petition for adoption. The department of human services shall investigate the person petitioning for adoption and the child and shall file with the juvenile court or court a statement of whether the department will provide assistance as provided in sections 600.17 to 600.22, the estimated amount, extent, and duration of assistance, and any other information the juvenile court or court may order.   2. If the department of human services is unable to determine that an insurance policy will cover the costs of special services, it shall proceed as if no policy existed, for the purpose of determining eligibility to receive assistance. The department shall, to the amount of financial assistance given, be subrogated to the rights of the adoptive parent in the insurance contract.  [C73, 75, §600.12; C77, 79, 81, §600.18]  83 Acts, ch 96, §157, 159; 2000 Acts, ch 1145, §22; 2018 Acts, ch 1041, §127  Referred to in §600.5, 600.22, 627.19
IA Code § 600.19 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.19 - Amount of assistance.

600.19 Amount of assistance.   The amount of financial assistance for maintenance shall not exceed the amount the department would normally spend for foster care of the child. The amount of financial assistance for special services shall not exceed the amount the department would normally spend if it were to provide these services.  [C73, 75, §600.13; C77, 79, 81, §600.19]  Referred to in §600.5, 600.18, 600.22, 627.19
IA Code § 600.20 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.20 - Availability of assistance.

600.20 Availability of assistance.   Financial assistance shall be available only if the child to be adopted was under the guardianship of the state, county, or an agency immediately prior to adoption. The one-hundred-eighty-day period of residence in the proposed home required in section 600.10 shall not apply to this section.  [C73, 75, §600.14; C77, 79, 81, §600.20]  2017 Acts, ch 113, §14  Referred to in §600.5, 600.18, 600.22, 627.19
IA Code § 600.21 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.21 - Termination of assistance.

600.21 Termination of assistance.   Financial assistance shall terminate when the need for assistance no longer exists. Financial assistance shall not extend beyond the adopted child’s twenty-first birthday.  [C73, 75, §600.15; C77, 79, 81, §600.21]  Referred to in §600.5, 600.18, 600.22, 627.19
IA Code § 600.22 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.22 - Rules.

600.22 Rules.   The department of human services shall adopt rules in accordance with the provisions of chapter 17A, which are necessary for the administration of sections 600.17 to 600.21 and 600.23.  [C73, 75, §600.16; C77, 79, 81, §600.22]  83 Acts, ch 96, §157, 159; 87 Acts, ch 102, §1  Referred to in §600.5, 600.18, 627.19
IA Code § 600.24 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.24 - Access to records.

600.24 Access to records.   The department may allow access to adoption records held by the department or an agency if all of the following conditions are met:   1. The identity of the biological parents of the adopted person is concealed from the person gaining access to the records.   2. The person gaining access to the records uses them solely for the purposes of conducting a legitimate medical research project or of treating a patient in a medical facility.  [C79, 81, §600.24]  92 Acts, ch 1142, §3; 94 Acts, ch 1046, §18
IA Code § 600.25 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600 - ADOPTION|Section 600.25 - Pending parental rights unaffected.

600.25 Pending parental rights unaffected.   A termination of parental rights proceeding or an adoption proceeding pending on January 1, 1977, or a release of parental rights or affidavit of consent or consent to adopt properly given prior to January 1, 1977 shall not be affected by the provisions of chapter 600A.  [C79, 81, §600.25]
IA Code § 600A.1 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600A - TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS|Section 600A.1 - Construction.

600A.1 Construction.   1. This chapter shall be construed liberally. The best interest of the child subject to the proceedings of this chapter shall be the paramount consideration in interpreting this chapter. However, the interests of the parents of this child or any natural person standing in the place of the parents to this child shall be given due consideration in this interpretation.   2. The best interest of a child requires that each biological parent affirmatively assume the duties encompassed by the role of being a parent. In determining whether a parent has affirmatively assumed the duties of a parent, the court shall consider, but is not limited to consideration of, the fulfillment of financial obligations, demonstration of continued interest in the child, demonstration of a genuine effort to maintain communication with the child, and demonstration of the establishment and maintenance of a place of importance in the child’s life. Application of this chapter is limited to termination of parental rights proceedings and shall not apply to actions to establish paternity or to overcome established paternity.  [C77, 79, 81, §600A.1]  94 Acts, ch 1174, §12, 22; 2018 Acts, ch 1041, §127
IA Code § 600A.2A (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600A - TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS|Section 600A.2A - Rights and duties of custodian.

600A.2A Rights and duties of custodian.   1. The rights and duties of a custodian with respect to a child shall be as follows:   a. To maintain or transfer to another the physical possession of that child.   b. To protect, train, and discipline that child.   c. To provide food, clothing, housing, and ordinary medical care for that child.   d. To consent to emergency medical care, including surgery.   e. To sign a release of medical information to a health professional.   2. All rights and duties of a custodian shall be subject to any residual rights and duties remaining in a parent or guardian.  2008 Acts, ch 1031, §64  Referred to in §600A.2
IA Code § 600A.2B (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600A - TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS|Section 600A.2B - Rights and duties of guardian.

600A.2B Rights and duties of guardian.   Unless otherwise enlarged or circumscribed by a court or juvenile court having jurisdiction over the minor child or by operation of law, the rights and duties of a guardian with respect to a minor child shall be as follows:   1. To consent to marriage, enlistment in the armed forces of the United States, or medical, psychiatric, or surgical treatment.   2. To serve as custodian, unless another person has been appointed custodian.   3. To make reasonable visitations if the guardian does not have physical possession or custody of the minor child.   4. To consent to adoption and to make any other decision that the parents could have made when the parent-child relationship existed.  2008 Acts, ch 1031, §65  Referred to in §600A.2
IA Code § 600A.3 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600A - TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS|Section 600A.3 - Exclusivity.

600A.3 Exclusivity.   1. Termination of parental rights shall be accomplished only according to the provisions of this chapter. However, termination of parental rights between an adult child and the child’s parents may be accomplished by a decree of adoption establishing a new parent-child relationship.   2. If a proceeding held under this chapter involves an Indian child as defined in section 232B.3 and the proceeding is subject to the Iowa Indian child welfare Act under chapter 232B, the proceeding and other actions taken in connection with the proceeding or this chapter shall comply with chapter 232B. In any proceeding held or action taken under this chapter involving an Indian child, the applicable requirements of the federal Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997, Pub. L. No. 105-89, shall be applied to the proceeding or action in a manner that complies with chapter 232B and the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, Pub. L. No. 95-608.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, §232.40; C77, 79, 81, §600A.3]  2003 Acts, ch 153, §17; 2014 Acts, ch 1026, §126; 2018 Acts, ch 1041, §127
IA Code § 600A.5 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600A - TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS|Section 600A.5 - Petition for termination — venue — safety or security concerns.

600A.5 Petition for termination — venue — safety or security concerns.   1. The following persons may petition a juvenile court for termination of parental rights under this chapter if the child of the parent-child relationship is born or expected to be born within one hundred eighty days of the date of petition filing:   a. A parent or prospective parent of the parent-child relationship.   b. A custodian or guardian of the child.   2. A petition for termination of parental rights shall be filed, and venue shall lie, with the juvenile court in the county in which the guardian or custodian of the child resides or the child, the biological mother, or the pregnant woman is domiciled. If a juvenile court has made an order pertaining to a minor child under chapter 232, subchapter III, and that order is still in force, the termination proceedings shall be conducted pursuant to the provisions of chapter 232, subchapter IV.   3. A petition for termination of parental rights shall include the following:   a. The legal name, age, and domicile, if any, of the child.   b. The names, residences, and domicile of any:   (1) Living parents of the child.   (2) Guardian of the child.   (3) Custodian of the child.   (4) Guardian ad litem of the child.   (5) Petitioner.   (6) Person standing in the place of the parents of the child.   c. A plain statement of the facts and grounds in section 600A.8 which indicate that the parent-child relationship should be terminated.   d. A plain statement explaining why the petitioner does not know any of the information required under paragraphs “a” and “b” of this subsection.   e. The signature and verification of the petitioner.   4. If the petitioner alleges and affirms in the verified petition that the petitioner has a legitimate concern for the safety or security of the child or petitioner, all of the following shall apply:   a. Notwithstanding subsection 2, the petitioner may file the petition in a county within the same judicial district but other than those counties specified, and venue shall be in the county in which the petition is filed.   b. The court shall keep confidential the residence and domicile of the child and the petitioner disclosed in the petition.  [C66, 71, 73, 75, §232.42, 232.43; C77, 79, 81, §600A.5]  94 Acts, ch 1046, §20; 95 Acts, ch 49, §21; 95 Acts, ch 182, §25; 2017 Acts, ch 87, §1; 2020 Acts, ch 1062, §94  Referred to in §600A.4, 600A.6, 600A.8  Code editor directive applied
IA Code § 600A.6A (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES|Chapter 600A - TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS|Section 600A.6A - Right to and appointment of counsel.

600A.6A Right to and appointment of counsel.   1. Upon the filing of a petition for termination of parental rights under this chapter, the parent identified in the petition shall have the right to counsel in connection with all subsequent hearings and proceedings.   2. If the parent against whom the petition is filed desires but is financially unable to employ counsel, the court shall appoint counsel for the person if the person requests appointment of counsel and the court determines that the person is indigent.  2005 Acts, ch 107, §4, 14; 2014 Acts, ch 1038, §3, 5  Referred to in §600A.6, 600A.6B, 602.1302