reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
DC Code § 28:11-105 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Subtitle I - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 11 - Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 28:11-105. Transition provision on change of place of filing

(1) A financing statement or continuation statement filed prior to the effective date of this act (as provided in section 28:11-101) which shall not have lapsed prior to such effective date of this act shall remain effective for the period provided for in article 9 of this subtitle, effective January 1, 1965, but not less than five years after the filing. (2) With respect to any collateral acquired by the debtor subsequent to the effective date of this act (as provided in section 28:11-101), any effective financing statement or continuation statement described in this section shall apply only if the filing or filings are in the office or offices that would be appropriate to perfect the security interests in the new collateral under this act. (3) The effectiveness of any financing statement or continuation statement filed prior to the effective date of this act (as provided in section 28:11-101) may be continued by a continuation statement as permitted by this act except that if this act requires a filing in an office where there was no previous financing statement, a new financing statement conforming to section 28:11-106 shall be filed in that office. (4) If the record of a mortgage of real estate would have been effective as a fixture filing of goods described therein if this act had been in effect on the date of recording the mortgage, the mortgage shall be deemed effective as a fixture filing as to such goods under section 28:9-402 (6) of this act on the effective date of this act (as provided in section 28:11-101).  (Mar. 16, 1982, D.C. Law 4-85, § 40, 29 DCR 309.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28:11-105. Section References This section is referenced in § 28:11-103. References in Text “This act”, referred to in this section, is D.C. Law 4-85.
DC Code § 28:11-106 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Subtitle I - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 11 - Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 28:11-106. Required refilings

(1) If a security interest is perfected or has priority when this act takes effect (as provided in section 28:11-101) as to all persons or as to certain persons without any filing or recording, and if the filing of a financing statement would be required for the perfection or priority of the security interest against those persons under this act, the perfection and priority rights of the security interest continue until three years after such effective date of this act. The perfection will then lapse unless a financing statement is filed as provided in subsection (4) or unless the security interest is perfected otherwise than by filing. (2) If a security interest is perfected when this act takes effect (as provided in section 28:11-101) under a law other than the Uniform Commercial Code which requires no further filing, refiling or recording to continue its perfection, perfection continues until and will lapse three years after this act takes effect, unless a financing statement is filed as provided in subsection (4) or unless the security interest is perfected otherwise than by filing, or unless under section 28:9-302 (3) the other law continues to govern filing. (3) If a security interest is perfected by a filing, refiling or recording under a law repealed by this act which required further filing, refiling or recording to continue its perfection, perfection continues and will lapse on the date provided by the law so repealed for such further filing, refiling or recording unless a financing statement is filed as provided in subsection (4) or unless the security interest is perfected otherwise than by filing. (4) A financing statement may be filed within six months before the perfection of a security interest would otherwise lapse. Any such financing statement may be signed by either the debtor or the secured party. It must identify the security agreement, statement or notice (however denominated in any statute or other law repealed or modified by this act), state the office where and the date when the last filing, refiling or recording, if any, was made with respect thereto, and the filing number, if any, or book and page, if any, of recording and further state that the security agreement, statement or notice, however denominated, in another filing office under the Uniform Commercial Code effective January 1, 1965, or under any statute or other law repealed or modified by this act is still effective. Section 28:9-401 and section 28:9-103 determine the proper place to file such a financing statement. Except as specified in this subsection, the provisions of section 28:9-403 (3) for continuation statements apply to such a financing statement.  (Mar. 16, 1982, D.C. Law 4-85, § 40, 29 DCR 309.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28:11-106. Section References This section is referenced in § 28:11-105. References in Text “This act”, referred to in this section, is D.C. Law 4-85.
DC Code § 28:11-107 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Subtitle I - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 11 - Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 28:11-107. Transition provisions as to priorities

Except as otherwise provided in this article, the Uniform Commercial Code effective January 1, 1965, shall apply to any questions of priority if the positions of the parties were fixed prior to the effective date of this act (as provided in section 28:11-101 ). In other cases questions of priority shall be determined by this act.  (Mar. 16, 1982, D.C. Law 4-85, § 40, 29 DCR 309.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28:11-107. References in Text “This act”, referred to in this section, is D.C. Law 4-85.
DC Code § 28:11-108 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Subtitle I - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 11 - Effective Date and Transition Provisions|§ 28:11-108. Presumption that rule of law continues unchanged

Unless a change in law has clearly been made, the provisions of this act shall be deemed declaratory of the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code, effective January 1, 1965.  (Mar. 16, 1982, D.C. Law 4-85, § 40, 29 DCR 309.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28:11-108. References in Text “This act”, referred to in this section, is D.C. Law 4-85.
DC Code § 28-2711 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 27 - Business Holidays and Computation of Time|Subchapter II - Computation of Time|§ 28-2711. Daylight savings time

The standard time applicable in the District of Columbia shall be advanced by one hour from 2:00 a.m. on the second Sunday in March of each year until 2:00 a.m. on the first Sunday in November of each year and this time, known as daylight savings time, shall, during the period of the year for which it is applicable, be the standard time for the District of Columbia.  (Aug. 30, 1964, 78 Stat. 672, Pub. L. 88-509, § 1; Mar. 13, 1985, D.C. Law 5-133, § 2, 31 DCR 5720; Apr. 9, 1997, D.C. Law 11-255, § 27(b), 44 DCR 1271; Dec. 2, 2011, D.C. Law 19-45, § 3, 58 DCR 8937.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-2711. 1973 Ed., § 28-2711. Section References This section is referenced in § 25-723. Effect of Amendments D.C. Law 19-45 substituted “2:00 a.m. on the second Sunday in March of each year until 2:00 a.m. on the first Sunday in November” for “2:00 AM on the last Sunday in April of each year until 2:00 AM on the last Sunday in October”.
DC Code § 28-3801 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3801. Scope — Limitation on agreements and practices

This subchapter applies to actions to enforce rights arising from a consumer credit sale or a direct installment loan.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 668, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; June 17, 2020, D.C. Law 23-98, § 2(a)(2), 67 DCR 3923.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3801. 1973 Ed., § 28-3801. Cross References Automobile Consumer Protection Act, see § 50-501. Consumer protection procedures, unlawful trade practices, see § 28-3904.
DC Code § 28-3802 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3802. Definitions

As used in this chapter — (1) “revolving credit account” means a revolving credit account as defined in section 28-3701 of this subtitle; (2) “consumer credit sale” means a sale of goods or services in which — (A) a credit is granted by a person who regularly engages as a seller in credit transactions of the same kind; (B) the buyer is a natural person; (C) the goods or services are purchased primarily for a personal, family, household, or agricultural purpose; (D) either the debt is payable in installments or a finance charge is made; and (E) the amount financed does not exceed $25,000. The term includes any contract in the form of a bailment or lease if the bailee or lessee contracts to pay as compensation for use a sum substantially equivalent to or in excess of the aggregate value of the property and services involved and it is agreed that the bailee or lessee will become, or for no other or a nominal consideration has the option to become, the owner of the property upon full compliance with his obligations under the contract. (3) “direct installment loan” means a direct installment loan as that term is used in section 28-3308 and does not include a loan secured on real estate or a direct motor vehicle installment loan covered by Chapter 36 of this subtitle. (4) “cross collateral” means an arrangement wherein a seller in a “consumer credit sale” secures a debt arising from the sale by contracting for a security interest in other property if as a result of a prior sale the seller has an existing security interest in the other property. The seller may also contract for a security interest in the property sold in the subsequent sale as a security for the previous debt.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 669, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; Apr. 9, 1997, D.C. Law 11-255, § 27(l), 44 DCR 1271; Apr. 20, 1999, D.C. Law 12-264, § 27(a), 46 DCR 2118.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3802. 1973 Ed., § 28-3802.
DC Code § 28-3803 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3803. Balloon payments

With respect to a consumer credit sale or direct installment loans except for revolving credit accounts: (1) No creditor shall at any time enter into an agreement which contains or anticipates a schedule of payments under which any one payment is not equal or substantially equal to all other payments, excluding any final payment which is less than the average of previous payments or any down payment received by the creditor contemporaneously with or prior to the consummation of the transaction, or under which the intervals between any consecutive payments differ substantially. (2) Notwithstanding any provision of this section, where a consumer’s livelihood is dependent upon seasonal or intermittent income, the parties may agree in a separate writing that one or more payments or the intervals between one or more payments may be reduced or expanded in accordance with the needs of the consumer if such payments are expressly related to the consumer’s income. The separate writing shall contain a conspicuous notice directly above the signature line stating: “I waive my right to have all payments to be made under this agreement in substantially equal amounts”. (3) In the event that the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection apply, the consumer shall have the right at any time, without further cost or obligation, to revise the schedule of payments to conform both as to amounts and intervals to the average of all installments and intervals.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 669, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; Apr. 9, 1997, D.C. Law 11-255, § 27(m), 44 DCR 1271.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3803. 1973 Ed., § 28-3803. Section References This section is referenced in § 28-3909. Cross References Consumer protection procedures, restraining prohibited acts, see § 28-3909.
DC Code § 28-3804 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3804. Assignment of earnings and authorization to confess judgment prohibited

(a) A creditor may not take an assignment of earnings of the consumer for payment or as security for payment of an obligation arising out of a consumer credit sale or direct installment loan. (b) A creditor may not take or accept from the consumer a warrant or power of attorney or other authorization for the creditor, or other person acting on his behalf, to confess judgment arising out of a consumer credit sale or direct installment loan. (c) An assignment of earnings or an authorization in violation of this section is subject to the provisions of section 28-3813(d)(1) of this subtitle.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 670, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3804. 1973 Ed., § 28-3804.
DC Code § 28-3805 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3805. Debts secured by cross-collateral

(a) If debts arising from two or more consumer credit sales other than sales pursuant to a revolving charge account (section 28-3701), are secured by cross-collateral, or consolidated into one debt payable on a single schedule of payments, and the debt is secured by security interests taken with respect to one or more of the sales, payments received by the seller after the taking of the cross-collateral or the consolidation are deemed, for the purpose of determining the amount of the debt secured by the various security interests, to have been first applied to the payment of the debts arising from the sales first made. To the extent debts are paid according to this section, security interests in items of property terminate as the debts originally incurred with respect to each item are paid. (b) Payment received by the seller upon a revolving charge are deemed, for the purpose of determining the amount of the debt secured by the various security interests, to have been applied first to the payment of credit service charges in the order of their entry to the account and then to the payment of debts in the order in which the entries to the account showing the debts were made. (c) If the debts consolidated arose from two or more sales made on the same day, payments received by the seller are deemed, for the purpose of determining the amount of the debt secured by the various security interests, to have been applied first to the payment of the smallest debt.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 670, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; Apr. 9, 1997, D.C. Law 11-255, § 27(n), 44 DCR 1271.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3805. 1973 Ed., § 28-3805. Section References This section is referenced in § 28-3909. Cross References Consumer protection procedures, restraining prohibited acts, see § 28-3909.
DC Code § 28-3806 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3806. Attorney’s fees

With respect to a consumer credit sale or direct installment loan the agreement may provide for the payment by the consumer of reasonable attorney’s fees not in excess of 15% of the unpaid balance of the obligation.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 670, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; Apr. 9, 1997, D.C. Law 11-255, § 27(o), 44 DCR 1271.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3806. 1973 Ed., § 28-3806.
DC Code § 28-3807 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3807. Negotiable instruments prohibited

(a) In a consumer credit sale, no seller shall take or otherwise arrange for the consumer to sign an instrument, except a check, payable “to order” or “to bearer” as evidence of the credit obligation of the consumer. (b) Any holder of an instrument prohibited by subsection (a) of this section 28-3807, if he takes it with knowledge of a violation of this section, takes it subject to all claims and defenses of the consumer up to the amount owing on the transaction total at the time of the assignment.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 670, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3807. 1973 Ed., § 28-3807. Section References This section is referenced in § 28-3909. Cross References Consumer protection procedures, restraining prohibited acts, see § 28-3909.
DC Code § 28-3808 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3808. Assignees subject to defenses

(a) With respect to a consumer credit sale, an assignee of the rights of the seller or lessor is subject to all claims and defenses of the consumer or lessee arising out of the sale notwithstanding any terms or agreements to the contrary, but the assignee’s liability under this section may not exceed the amount owing to the assignee at the time of the assignment. (b) Rights of the consumer or lessee can only be asserted as a matter of defense to or set-off against a claim by the assignee.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 670, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3808. 1973 Ed., § 28-3808.
DC Code § 28-3809 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3809. Lender subject to defenses arising from sales

(a) A lender who makes a direct installment loan for the purpose of enabling a consumer to purchase goods or services is subject to all claims and defenses of the consumer against the seller arising out of the purchase of the goods or service if such lender acts at the express request of the seller, and — (1) the seller participates in the preparation of the loan instruments, or (2) the lender is a person or organization controlled by or under common control with the seller, or (3) the seller receives or will receive a fee, compensation, or other consideration from the lender for arranging the loan. (b) The lender’s liability under this section may not exceed the amount of the loan. Rights of the debtor can only be asserted affirmatively in an action to cancel and void the sale from its inception, or as a matter of defense to or set-off against a claim by the lender.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 671, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3809. 1973 Ed., § 28-3809.
DC Code § 28-3810 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3810. Referral sales

With respect to a consumer credit sale, the seller or lessor may not give or offer to give a rebate or discount or otherwise pay or offer to pay value to the buyer or lessee as an inducement for a sale or lease in consideration of his giving to the seller or lessor the names of prospective purchasers or lessees, or otherwise aiding the seller or lessor in making a sale or lease to another person, if the earning of the rebate, discount, or other value is contingent upon the occurrence of an event subsequent to the time the buyer or lessee agrees to buy or lease. If a buyer or lessee is induced by a violation of this section to enter into a consumer credit sale, the agreement is unenforceable by the seller or lessor and the buyer or lessee, at his option, may rescind the agreement or retain the goods delivered and the benefit of any services performed, without any obligation to pay for them.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 671, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4; Apr. 9, 1997, D.C. Law 11-255, § 27(p), 44 DCR 1271.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3810. 1973 Ed., § 28-3810. Section References This section is referenced in § 28-3909. Cross References Consumer protection procedures, restraining prohibited acts, see § 28-3909.
DC Code § 28-3813 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 28 - Commercial Instruments and Transactions. [Enacted title]|Chapter 38 - Consumer Protections|Subchapter I - General|§ 28-3813. Consumers’ remedies

(a) The remedies provided by this section shall be liberally administered to the end that the consumer as the aggrieved party shall be put in at least as good a position as if the creditor had fully complied with this chapter. Except as is otherwise specifically provided where there are wilful and repeated violations of this chapter consequential and special damages may be had in lieu of the specific penalties allowed, and in addition punitive damages may be had as indicated. (b) Any right or obligation declared by this chapter is enforceable by action unless the provision declaring it specifies a different and limited effect. (c) “Transaction total” means — (1) in the case of transactions pursuant to open end credit plans or consumer credit transactions, the total of the following calculated as if the amount or amounts financed were paid over the maximum period of the plan or, if there is no such period, over twelve months beginning with the next billing cycle or cycles following the transaction or transactions: (A) the amount financed, plus any down payment or required deposit balance, and (B) the total finance charge, including any prepaid finance charge; (2) in the case of other than open end transactions or consumer credit transactions, the total of the following: (A) the amount financed, plus any down payment or required deposit balance, and (B) the amount of all precomputed or precomputable finance charge, including any prepaid finance charge. (d)(1) In the discretion of the court, a consumer may recover from the person violating this chapter, in addition to the damages the law otherwise allows, 10% of the transaction total, if applicable, or $100, whichever is greater, for violations to which this section applies. (2) This section also applies to all violations for which no other remedy is specifically provided. (e) If a consumer prevails in a suit brought under this chapter, the court may assess reasonable attorney’s fees in addition to any other amounts recoverable under this chapter. (f) Any charge, practice, term, clause, provision, security interest, or other action or conduct which can be shown to be in wilful violation of the provisions of this chapter shall confer no rights or obligations enforceable by action.  (Dec. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 675, Pub. L. 92-200, § 4.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 28-3813. 1973 Ed., § 28-3813. Section References This section is referenced in § 28-3804.