reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
ID Code § 48-1603 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 16 - HEALTH-RELATED CASH DISCOUNT CARDS|Section 48-1603 - DESIGNATION OF AGENT.

48-1603. DESIGNATION OF AGENT. Any person who sells, markets, promotes, advertises or otherwise distributes any card or other purchasing mechanism or device, which is not insurance, that purports to offer discounts from health care providers in health-related purchases in Idaho, shall designate an agent who is a resident of Idaho, for service of process and register such agent with the secretary of state.  History: [48-1603, added 2000, ch. 185, sec. 1, p. 456.]
ID Code § 48-1701 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1701 - LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT.

48-1701. LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT. (1) The legislature of the state of Idaho finds that: (a) Idaho is striving to build an entrepreneurial and knowledge-based economy. Attracting and nurturing information technology (IT) and other knowledge-based companies are important parts of this effort and will be beneficial to Idaho’s future. (b) Patents are essential to encouraging innovation, especially in the IT and knowledge-based fields. The protections afforded by the federal patent system create an incentive to invest in research and innovation, which spurs economic growth. Patent holders have every right to enforce their patents when they are valid and infringed, to solicit interest from prospective licensees and to initiate patent enforcement litigation as necessary to protect intellectual property. (c) The legislature does not wish to interfere with the good faith enforcement of patents or good faith patent litigation. The legislature also recognizes that Idaho is preempted from passing any law that conflicts with federal patent law. (d) Abusive patent litigation, and especially the assertion of bad faith infringement claims, can harm Idaho companies. A business that receives a letter or other communication asserting such claims faces the threat of expensive and protracted litigation and may feel that it has no choice but to settle and to pay a licensing fee, even if the claim is meritless. (e) Not only do bad faith patent infringement claims impose a significant burden on individual Idaho businesses, they also undermine Idaho’s efforts to attract and nurture IT and other knowledge-based companies. Funds used to avoid the threat of bad faith litigation are no longer available to invest, produce new products, expand or hire new workers, thereby harming Idaho’s economy. (2) Through this narrowly focused chapter, the legislature seeks to facilitate the efficient and prompt resolution of patent infringement claims, protect Idaho businesses from abusive and bad faith assertions of patent infringement and build Idaho’s economy, while at the same time carefully not interfering with legitimate patent enforcement actions.  History: [48-1701, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 699.]
ID Code § 48-1702 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1702 - DEFINITIONS.

48-1702. DEFINITIONS. As used in this chapter: (1) "Demand letter" means a letter, e-mail or other communication asserting or claiming that the target has engaged in patent infringement, or that the actions of the target would benefit from the grant of a license to any patent, or any similar assertion. (2) "Idaho person" means a person as defined in section 48-602, Idaho Code. (3) "Target" means an Idaho person: (a) Who has received a demand letter or against whom an assertion or allegation of patent infringement has been made; (b) Who has been threatened with litigation or against whom a lawsuit has been filed alleging patent infringement; or (c) Whose customers have received a demand letter asserting that the person’s product, service or technology has infringed a patent.  History: [48-1702, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 700.]
ID Code § 48-1703 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1703 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT.

48-1703. BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT. (1) It is unlawful for a person to make a bad faith assertion of patent infringement in a demand letter, a complaint or any other communication. (2) A court may consider the following factors as evidence that a person has made a bad faith assertion of patent infringement: (a) The person sends a demand letter to a target without first conducting an analysis comparing the claims in the patent to the target’s products, services or technology. (b) The demand letter does not contain the following information: (i) The patent number; (ii) The name and address of the patent owner or owners and assignee or assignees, if any; and (iii) The factual allegations concerning the specific areas in which the target’s products, services and technology infringe the patent or are covered by the claims in the patent. (c) The demand letter does not identify specific areas in which the products, services and technology are covered by the claims in the patent. (d) The demand letter demands payment of a license fee or response within an unreasonably short period of time. (e) The person offers to license the patent for an amount that is not reasonably based on the value of a license to the patent. (f) The person asserting a claim or allegation of patent infringement acts in subjective bad faith, or a reasonable actor in the person’s position would know or reasonably should know that such assertion is meritless. (g) The claim or assertion of patent infringement is deceptive. (h) The person or its subsidiaries or affiliates have previously filed or threatened to file one (1) or more lawsuits alleging patent infringement based on the same or similar claim, the person attempted to enforce the claim of patent infringement in litigation and a court found the claim to be meritless. (i) Any other factor the court finds relevant. (3) A court may consider the following factors as evidence that a person has not made a bad faith assertion of patent infringement: (a) The person engages in a good faith effort to establish that the target has infringed the patent and to negotiate an appropriate remedy. (b) The person makes a substantial investment in the use of the patent or in the production or sale of a product or item covered by the patent. (c) The person has: (i) Demonstrated good faith in previous efforts to enforce the patent, or a substantially similar patent; or (ii) Successfully enforced the patent, or a substantially similar patent, through litigation. (d) Any other factor the court finds relevant. (4) Any violation of the provisions of this chapter is an unlawful, unfair and deceptive act or practice in trade or commerce for the purpose of applying the Idaho consumer protection act, chapter 6, title 48, Idaho Code.  History: [48-1703, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 700.]
ID Code § 48-1704 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1704 - PERSONAL JURISDICTION.

48-1704. PERSONAL JURISDICTION. Any person outside this state sending a demand letter to an Idaho person shall be deemed to be transacting business within this state within the meaning of section 5-514(a), Idaho Code, and shall thereby be subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state.  History: [48-1704, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 701.]
ID Code § 48-1705 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1705 - AUTHORITY OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND DISTRICT COURTS.

48-1705. AUTHORITY OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND DISTRICT COURTS. The attorney general and the district court shall have the same authority in enforcing and carrying out the provisions of this chapter as is granted the attorney general and district courts under the Idaho consumer protection act, chapter 6, title 48, Idaho Code.  History: [48-1705, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 701.]
ID Code § 48-1706 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1706 - PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION, REMEDIES AND DAMAGES — LIMITATION OF ACTION.

48-1706. PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION, REMEDIES AND DAMAGES — LIMITATION OF ACTION. (1) A target of conduct involving assertions of patent infringement, or a person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter or by a violation of rules promulgated under chapter 6, title 48, Idaho Code, may bring an action in district court. A court may award the following remedies to a plaintiff who prevails in an action brought pursuant to this subsection: (a) Equitable relief; (b) Damages; (c) Costs and fees, including reasonable attorney’s fees; and (d) Exemplary damages in an amount equal to fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) or three (3) times the total of damages, costs and fees, whichever is greater. (2) The remedies provided for in this chapter are not exclusive and shall be in addition to any other procedures or remedies for any violation or conduct provided for in any other statute. (3) No private action may be brought under the provisions of this chapter more than three (3) years after the cause of action accrues. A cause of action shall be deemed to have accrued when the party bringing an action under the provisions of this chapter knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should have known, about the violation of the provisions of this chapter. Each bad faith assertion of patent infringement constitutes a separate violation under this chapter.  History: [48-1706, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 701.]
ID Code § 48-1707 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1707 - BOND.

48-1707. BOND. Upon motion by a target and a finding by the court that a target has established a reasonable likelihood that a person has made a bad faith assertion of patent infringement in violation of this chapter, the court shall require the person to post a bond in an amount equal to a good faith estimate of the target’s costs to litigate the claim and amounts reasonably likely to be recovered under this chapter, conditioned upon payment of any amounts finally determined to be due to the target. A hearing shall be held if either party so requests. The court may waive the bond requirement if it finds the person has available assets equal to the amount of the proposed bond or for other good cause shown.  History: [48-1707, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 701.]
ID Code § 48-1708 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 17 - BAD FAITH ASSERTIONS OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT|Section 48-1708 - EXEMPTIONS.

48-1708. EXEMPTIONS. A demand letter or assertion of patent infringement that includes a claim for relief arising under 35 U.S.C. section 271(e)(2) shall not be subject to the provisions of this chapter.  History: [48-1708, added 2014, ch. 277, sec. 1, p. 702.]
ID Code § 48-1801 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1801 - SHORT TITLE.

48-1801. SHORT TITLE. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Residential Solar Energy System Disclosure Act."  History: [48-1801, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 781.]
ID Code § 48-1802 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1802 - DEFINITIONS.

48-1802. DEFINITIONS. As used in this chapter: (1) "Consumer" means a person who, for primarily personal, family, or household purposes: (a) Purchases a residential solar energy system under a solar agreement; or (b) Leases a residential solar energy system under a system lease agreement. (2) "Residential solar energy system" means a solar energy system that: (a) Is installed on or in real property in the state of Idaho; (b) Generates electricity primarily for on-site consumption for primarily personal, family, or household purposes; and (c) Has an electricity delivery capacity that exceeds one (1) kilowatt. (3) "Solar agreement" means a system purchase agreement or a system lease agreement. (4) "Solar energy system" means a system or configuration of energy devices that collects and uses solar energy to generate electricity to be used by a consumer. (5) "Solar retailer" means a person who: (a) Sells or proposes to sell a residential solar energy system to a consumer under a system purchase agreement; or (b) Owns the residential solar energy system that is the subject of a system lease agreement or proposed system lease agreement. (6) "System lease agreement" means an agreement: (a) Under which a consumer leases a residential solar energy system from a solar retailer; and (b) That provides for the consumer to make payments over a term for the lease of the residential solar energy system. (7) "System purchase agreement" means an agreement under which a consumer purchases a residential solar energy system, or the energy created from a residential solar energy system, from a solar retailer either outright or through installment payments.  History: [48-1802, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 781.]
ID Code § 48-1803 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1803 - APPLICABILITY.

48-1803. APPLICABILITY. (1) The provisions of this chapter shall apply to any solar agreement entered into on or after October 1, 2019, between a solar retailer and a consumer including, but not limited to, a solar agreement that accompanies the transfer of ownership or lease of real property. (2) The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to: (a) The transfer or rental of real property on which a residential solar energy system is, or is expected to be, located if the presence of the residential solar energy system is incidental to the transfer or rental; (b) A lender, governmental entity, or other third party that enters into an agreement with a consumer to finance a residential solar energy system but is not a party to a system purchase agreement or lease agreement; or (c) A sale or lease of, or the purchase of electricity from, a solar energy system that is not a residential solar energy system.  History: [48-1803, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 782.]
ID Code § 48-1804 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1804 - DISCLOSURE STATEMENT REQUIRED.

48-1804. DISCLOSURE STATEMENT REQUIRED. (1) Before entering a solar agreement, a solar retailer shall provide to a potential consumer a separate, written disclosure statement as provided in this section and, as applicable, the information required in sections 48-1805, 48-1806, and 48-1807, Idaho Code. (a) The requirements of this subsection may be satisfied by the electronic delivery of a disclosure statement to the potential consumer. (b) An electronic document delivered pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection shall satisfy the font size standard under subsection (2)(a) of this section if the required disclosures are displayed in a clear and conspicuous manner. (2) A disclosure statement under subsection (1) of this section shall: (a) Be in at least twelve (12) point font; (b) Contain: (i) The name, address, and telephone number or e-mail address of the potential consumer; (ii) The name, address, telephone number, and e-mail address of the solar retailer; (iii) The name, address, telephone number, e-mail address, and state contractor registration number of the person who is expected to install the system that is the subject of the solar agreement; and (iv) If the solar retailer is the person who is expected to provide operations or maintenance support to the potential consumer or who introduced that person to the potential consumer, the name, address, telephone number, e-mail address, and any applicable state contractor registration number of the operations or maintenance support person; and (c) Any applicable information and disclosures as required in sections 48-1805, 48-1806, and 48-1807, Idaho Code.  History: [48-1804, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 782.]
ID Code § 48-1806 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1806 - CONTENTS OF DISCLOSURE STATEMENT FOR SYSTEM PURCHASE AGREEMENT.

48-1806. CONTENTS OF DISCLOSURE STATEMENT FOR SYSTEM PURCHASE AGREEMENT. If a solar retailer is proposing to enter a system purchase agreement with a potential consumer, the disclosure statement required in section 48-1804, Idaho Code, shall also include: (1) A statement with substantially the following form and content: "You are entering an agreement to purchase an energy generation system. You will own the system installed on your property. You may be entitled to federal tax credits because of the purchase. You should consult your tax advisor."; (2) The price quoted to the potential consumer for a non-financed purchase of the system; (3) If the system purchase agreement is not an outright purchase and requires installment payments: (a) The interest rate charged and a schedule of required and anticipated payments from the consumer to the solar retailer and any third parties over the term of the system purchase agreement, including application fees, up-front charges, down payment, scheduled payments under the system purchase agreement, payments at the end of the term of the system purchase agreement, payments for any operations or maintenance contract offered by or through the solar retailer in connection with the system purchase agreement, payments for replacement of system components likely to require replacement before the end of the term of the system purchase agreement, and any prepayment penalties; and (b) A figure that reflects the total amount to be paid by the consumer pursuant to the charges set forth in paragraph (a) of this subsection; (4) A statement indicating the charges associated with insuring the system against loss or a statement that loss insurance is not included within the schedule of payments under the system purchase agreement; (5) A statement, if applicable, with substantially the following form and content: "You are responsible for obtaining insurance coverage for any loss or damage to the system. You should consult an insurance professional to understand how to protect against the risk of loss or damage to the system. You should also consult your home insurer about the potential impact of installing a system."; and (6) Information disclosing whether the system purchase agreement is transferrable to a purchaser of the home or real property where the system is located and, if so, any conditions for a transfer.  History: [48-1806, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 784.]
ID Code § 48-1807 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1807 - CONTENTS OF DISCLOSURE STATEMENT FOR SYSTEM LEASE AGREEMENT.

48-1807. CONTENTS OF DISCLOSURE STATEMENT FOR SYSTEM LEASE AGREEMENT. If a solar retailer is proposing to enter a system lease agreement with a potential consumer, the disclosure statement required in section 48-1804, Idaho Code, shall also include: (1) A statement with substantially the following form and content: "You are entering an agreement to lease an energy generation system. You will lease (not own) the system installed on your property. You will not be entitled to any federal tax credit associated with the lease."; (2) Information about whether the system lease agreement may be transferred to a purchaser of the home or real property where the system is located and, if so, any conditions for a transfer; (3) If the solar retailer will not obtain insurance against damage or loss to the system, a statement to that effect and a description of the consequences to the consumer if there is damage or loss to the system; and (4) Information about what will happen to the system at the end of the term of the system lease agreement.  History: [48-1807, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 785.]
ID Code § 48-1808 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1808 - GOOD FAITH ESTIMATE ALLOWED.

48-1808. GOOD FAITH ESTIMATE ALLOWED. A solar retailer that does not, at the time of providing a disclosure statement required in section 48-1804(1), Idaho Code, have information required under sections 48-1805(2)(a) and (b) and 48-1806(2),(3), and (4), Idaho Code, may make a good faith estimate of that information in the disclosure statement if the solar retailer clearly indicates that the information is an estimate and provides the basis for the estimate.  History: [48-1808, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 785.]
ID Code § 48-1809 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 18 - RESIDENTIAL SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM DISCLOSURE ACT|Section 48-1809 - AUTHORITY OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND DISTRICT COURT.

48-1809. AUTHORITY OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL AND DISTRICT COURT. (1) The attorney general and the district court shall have the same authority in enforcing and carrying out the provisions of this chapter as is granted the attorney general and district court under the Idaho consumer protection act, chapter 6, title 48, Idaho Code. (2) All penalties, costs, and fees received or recovered by the attorney general shall be remitted to the consumer protection fund and expended pursuant to section 48-606(5), Idaho Code. (3) Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to affect: (a) A remedy a consumer has independent of this chapter; or (b) The attorney general’s ability or authority to enforce any other law or regulation.  History: [48-1809, added 2019, ch. 267, sec. 1, p. 785.]
ID Code § 48-1901 (2021)
2021 Idaho Code|Title 48 - MONOPOLIES AND TRADE PRACTICES|Chapter 19 - IDAHO CHARITABLE ASSETS PROTECTION ACT|Section 48-1901 - SHORT TITLE.

48-1901. SHORT TITLE. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Idaho Charitable Assets Protection Act."  History: [48-1901, added 2020, ch. 321, sec. 1, p. 921.]