reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NV Rev Stat § 172.137 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.137 - Use of affidavit before grand jury: When permitted; notice by district attorney; circumstances under which district attorney must produce person who signed affidavit; continuances.

  1. If a witness resides outside this State or more than 100 miles from the place of a grand jury proceeding, the witness’s affidavit may be used at the proceeding if it is necessary for the district attorney to establish as an element of any offense that:  (a) The witness was the owner, possessor or occupant of real or personal property; and  (b) The defendant did not have the permission of the witness to enter, occupy, possess or control the real or personal property of the witness.  2. If a financial institution does not maintain any principal or branch office within this State or if a financial institution that maintains a principal or branch office within this State does not maintain any such office within 100 miles of the place of a grand jury proceeding, the affidavit of a custodian of the records of the financial institution or the affidavit of any other qualified person of the financial institution may be used at the proceeding if it is necessary for the district attorney to establish as an element of any offense that:  (a) When a check or draft naming the financial institution as drawee was drawn or passed, the account or purported account upon which the check or draft was drawn did not exist, was closed or held insufficient money, property or credit to pay the check or draft in full upon its presentation; or  (b) When a check or draft naming the financial institution as drawee was presented for payment to the financial institution, the account or purported account upon which the check or draft was drawn did not exist, was closed or held insufficient money, property or credit to pay the check or draft in full.  3. If the defendant has been subpoenaed to appear before the grand jury or if the defendant has requested to testify pursuant to NRS 172.241, the district attorney shall provide either written or oral notice to the defendant, within a reasonable time before the scheduled proceeding of the grand jury, that an affidavit described in this section will be used at the proceeding.  4. If, at or before the time of the proceeding, the defendant establishes that:  (a) There is a substantial and bona fide dispute as to the facts in an affidavit described in this section; and  (b) It is in the best interests of justice that the person who signed the affidavit be examined or cross-examined,  the grand jury may request that the district attorney produce the person who signed the affidavit and may continue the proceeding for any time it deems reasonably necessary in order to receive such testimony.  (Added to NRS by 1993, 548; A 1999, 164)
NV Rev Stat § 172.138 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.138 - Use of audiovisual technology to present live testimony before grand jury: Requirements.

  1. If a witness resides more than 100 miles from the place of a grand jury proceeding or is unable to attend the grand jury proceeding because of a medical condition, or if good cause otherwise exists, the district judge supervising the proceedings of the grand jury must allow a witness to testify before the grand jury through the use of audiovisual technology.  2. If a witness testifies at the grand jury proceeding through the use of audiovisual technology:  (a) The testimony of the witness must be transcribed by a certified court reporter appointed pursuant to NRS 172.215 in accordance with the provisions of NRS 172.225; and   (b) Before giving testimony, the witness must be sworn and must sign a written declaration, on a form provided by the district judge, which acknowledges that the witness understands that he or she is subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state and may be subject to criminal prosecution for the commission of any crime in connection with his or her testimony, including, without limitation, perjury, and that the witness consents to such jurisdiction.  3. Audiovisual technology used pursuant to this section must ensure that the witness may be:  (a) Clearly heard and seen; and  (b) Examined.  4. As used in this section, "audiovisual technology" includes, without limitation, closed-circuit video and videoconferencing.  (Added to NRS by 2001, 545; A 2015, 579)
NV Rev Stat § 172.139 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.139 - District attorney and grand jury prohibited from questioning attorney regarding matters learned for client or issuing subpoena for work done by attorney for client.

During a grand jury proceeding, the district attorney and the grand jurors shall not:  1. Question an attorney or an attorney’s employee regarding matters which were learned during a legitimate investigation for a client.  2. Issue a subpoena for the production of the private notes or other matters representing work done by the attorney or the attorney’s employee regarding the legal services which the attorney provided for a client.  (Added to NRS by 1985, 1028)
NV Rev Stat § 172.145 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.145 - Defendant entitled to submit statement regarding preliminary hearing which grand jury must receive; grand jury required to hear and district attorney required to submit known evidence which will explain away charge; invitations and issuance of process for witnesses.

  1. The grand jury is not bound to hear evidence for the defendant, except that the defendant is entitled to submit a statement which the grand jury must receive providing whether a preliminary hearing was held concerning the matter and, if so, that the evidence presented at the preliminary hearing was considered insufficient to warrant holding the defendant for trial. It is their duty, however, to weigh all evidence submitted to them, and when they have reason to believe that other evidence within their reach will explain away the charge, they shall order that evidence to be produced, and for that purpose may require the district attorney to issue process for the witnesses.  2. If the district attorney is aware of any evidence which will explain away the charge, the district attorney shall submit it to the grand jury.  3. The grand jury may invite any person, without process, to appear before the grand jury to testify.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1409; A 1985, 555; 2011, 287)
NV Rev Stat § 172.155 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.155 - Degree of evidence to warrant indictment; objection.

  1. The grand jury ought to find an indictment when all the evidence before them, taken together, establishes probable cause to believe that an offense has been committed and that the defendant has committed it.  2. The defendant may object to the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain the indictment only by application for a writ of habeas corpus.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1409; A 1979, 331)
NV Rev Stat § 172.165 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.165 - Grand juror must declare knowledge as to commission of public offense; investigation.

If a member of the grand jury knows or has reason to believe that a public offense has been committed, which is triable within the jurisdiction of the district court which has impaneled such grand jury, the member must declare such knowledge or belief to the member’s fellow jurors, who shall thereupon investigate the alleged offense.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1409; A 1969, 6)
NV Rev Stat § 172.175 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.175 - Matters into which grand jury shall and may inquire.

  1. Each grand jury that is not impaneled for a specific limited purpose shall inquire into:  (a) The case of every person imprisoned in the jail of the county, on a criminal charge, against whom an indictment has not been found or an information or complaint filed.  (b) The condition and management of any public prison located within the county.  (c) The misconduct in office of public officers of every description within the county which may constitute a violation of a provision of chapter 197 of NRS.  2. A grand jury that is not impaneled for another specific limited purpose may inquire into any and all matters affecting the morals, health and general welfare of the inhabitants of the county, or of any administrative division thereof, or of any township, incorporated city, irrigation district or town therein.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1409; A 1973, 1274; 1985, 556, 701)
NV Rev Stat § 172.185 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.185 - Grand jury entitled to enter jails and examine records.

The grand jury shall be entitled to free access, at all reasonable times, to all public prisons and to the examination without charge of all public records within its district.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1409)
NV Rev Stat § 172.195 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.195 - Issuance of subpoenas by grand jury; subpoenaed witnesses must be informed of general nature of inquiry.

  1. Except as otherwise provided in NRS 172.139, the grand jury may issue subpoenas, subscribed by the foreman or by the deputy or temporary foreman when acting for the foreman, for witnesses within the State and for the production of books, papers or documents.  2. The grand jury shall orally inform any witness so subpoenaed of the general nature of the grand jury’s inquiry before the witness testifies. Such a statement must be included in the transcript of the proceedings.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1409; A 1985, 573, 1029)
NV Rev Stat § 172.197 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.197 - Procedure when person subpoenaed to appear before grand jury intends to assert constitutional privilege against self-incrimination.

  1. If a person who has been subpoenaed to appear before a grand jury informs the district attorney that the person intends to refuse to testify and to assert the person’s constitutional privilege against self-incrimination, the district attorney shall:  (a) Move for an order of immunity pursuant to NRS 178.572;  (b) Challenge the existence of a valid privilege by filing in any court of record a motion to compel the testimony of the person; or  (c) Withdraw the subpoena.  2. All proceedings which are held on a motion filed pursuant to subsection 1 must be closed.  3. If the existence of the privilege is challenged, the court shall hear the evidence of both parties and determine whether or not a valid privilege exists and to which matters, if any, it extends.  4. The district attorney shall not call a person to testify before a grand jury regarding matters which have been so determined to be within the person’s constitutional privilege against self-incrimination.  (Added to NRS by 1985, 554)
NV Rev Stat § 172.205 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.205 - Power to engage services of skilled persons.

The grand jury shall have the power, with the consent of the board of county commissioners, to engage the services of an attorney other than and in addition to the district attorney, certified public accountants, and such other skilled persons as may be necessary in the performance of its inquisitorial powers.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1410; A 2017, 3485)
NV Rev Stat § 172.215 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.215 - Certified court reporter: Appointment; compensation; material required for and prohibited from inclusion in notes.

  1. Whenever criminal causes are being investigated by the grand jury, it shall appoint a certified court reporter. If the certified court reporter is not an official reporter of the district court, the certified court reporter shall, before entering upon his or her duties, take and subscribe the constitutional oath of office. The certified court reporter is entitled to receive the same compensation for services as an official reporter of the district court.  2. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, the certified court reporter shall include in the notes taken of a grand jury proceeding all criminal matters which come before the grand jury including:  (a) The charge by the impaneling judge;  (b) Any subsequent instructions or statements made by the judge;  (c) Each statement made by the district attorney;  (d) Each question asked of and response given by the witnesses who appear before the grand jury; and  (e) Any statements made by the grand jurors during the proceeding.  3. The certified court reporter shall not include in his or her notes:  (a) Any confidential communication between a witness and the witness’s legal counsel, if the legal counsel is allowed to accompany the witness before the grand jury; or  (b) The deliberations and voting of the grand jury.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1410; A 1973, 1323; 1985, 1029; 1993, 1411)
NV Rev Stat § 172.225 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.225 - Transcripts: Preparation; public record.

  1. If an indictment has been found or accusation presented against a defendant, the stenographic reporter shall certify and file with the county clerk an original transcription of his or her notes and a copy thereof and as many additional copies as there are defendants.  2. The reporter shall complete the certification and filing within 10 days after the indictment has been found or the accusation presented unless the court for good cause makes an order extending the time.  3. The county clerk shall:  (a) Deliver a copy of the transcript so filed with the county clerk to the district attorney immediately upon receipt thereof;  (b) Retain one copy for use only by judges in proceedings relating to the indictment or accusation; and  (c) Deliver a copy of the transcript to each defendant who is in custody or has given bail or to the defendant’s attorney.  4. Any defendant to whom a copy has not been delivered is entitled upon motion to a continuance of the defendant’s arraignment until a date 10 days after the defendant actually receives a copy.  5. If several criminal charges against a defendant are investigated on one investigation and thereafter separate indictments are returned or accusations presented upon the several charges, the delivery to the defendant or his or her attorney of one copy of the transcript of the investigation is a compliance with this section as to all of the indictments or accusations.  6. Upon the filing of such a transcript with the county clerk, the transcript and any related physical evidence exhibited to the grand jury become a matter of public record unless the court:  (a) Orders that the presentment or indictment remain secret until the defendant is in custody or has been given bail; or  (b) Upon motion, orders the transcript and evidence to remain secret until further order of the court.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1410; A 1975, 910; 1983, 359)
NV Rev Stat § 172.235 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.235 - Who may be present when grand jury is in session.

  1. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, the following persons may be present while the grand jury is in session:  (a) The district attorney;  (b) A witness who is testifying;  (c) An attorney who is accompanying a witness pursuant to NRS 172.239;  (d) Any interpreter who is needed;  (e) The certified court reporter who is taking stenographic notes of the proceeding;  (f) Any person who is engaged by the grand jury pursuant to NRS 172.205; and  (g) Any other person requested by the grand jury to be present.  2. No person other than the jurors may be present while the grand jury is deliberating or voting.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1410; A 1985, 555; 1993, 1412)
NV Rev Stat § 172.239 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.239 - Legal counsel for certain persons who appear before grand jury.

  1. A person whose indictment the district attorney intends to seek or the grand jury on its own motion intends to return may be accompanied by legal counsel during any appearance before the grand jury.  2. The legal counsel who accompanies a person pursuant to subsection 1 may advise his or her client but shall not:  (a) Address directly the members of the grand jury;  (b) Speak in such a manner as to be heard by the members of the grand jury; or  (c) In any other way participate in the proceedings of the grand jury.  3. The court or the foreman of the grand jury may have the legal counsel removed if the legal counsel violates any of the provisions of subsection 2 or in any other way disrupts the proceedings of the grand jury.  4. The district attorney or the foreman of the grand jury shall give a person entitled to legal counsel notice of the provisions of this section at the time the person is served with a subpoena to appear before the grand jury. If such a person is invited without process to appear, the grand jury shall include with the invitation notice of the provisions of this section.  (Added to NRS by 1985, 554)
NV Rev Stat § 172.241 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.241 - Right of certain persons to appear before grand jury; notice of consideration of indictment; withholding of notice; effect of inadequate notice.

  1. A person whose indictment the district attorney intends to seek or the grand jury on its own motion intends to return, but who has not been subpoenaed to appear before the grand jury, may testify before the grand jury if the person requests to do so and executes a valid waiver in writing of the person’s constitutional privilege against self-incrimination.  2. A district attorney or a peace officer shall serve reasonable notice upon a person whose indictment is being considered by a grand jury unless the court determines that adequate cause exists to withhold notice. The notice is adequate if it:  (a) Is given to the person, the person’s attorney of record or an attorney who claims to represent the person and gives the person not less than 5 judicial days to submit a request to testify to the district attorney; and  (b) Advises the person that the person may testify before the grand jury only if the person submits a written request to the district attorney and includes an address where the district attorney may send a notice of the date, time and place of the scheduled proceeding of the grand jury.  3. The district attorney may apply to the court for a determination that adequate cause exists to withhold notice if the district attorney:  (a) Determines that the notice may result in the flight of the person whose indictment is being considered, on the basis of:  (1) A previous failure of the person to appear in matters arising out of the subject matter of the proposed indictment;  (2) The fact that the person is a fugitive from justice arising from charges in another jurisdiction;  (3) Outstanding local warrants pending against the person; or  (4) Any other objective factor;  (b) Determines that the notice may endanger the life or property of other persons; or  (c) Is unable, after reasonable diligence, to notify the person.  4. If a district attorney applies to the court for a determination that adequate cause exists to withhold notice, the court shall hold a closed hearing on the matter. Upon a finding of adequate cause, the court may order that no notice be given.  5. If notice required to be served upon a person pursuant to subsection 2 is not adequate, the person must be given the opportunity to testify before the grand jury. If the person testifies pursuant to this subsection, the grand jury must be instructed to deliberate again on all the charges contained in the indictment following such testimony.  (Added to NRS by 1985, 554; A 1991, 1063; 1997, 188; 2015, 580)
NV Rev Stat § 172.245 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.245 - Secrecy of proceedings of grand jury; permitted disclosures; penalty.

  1. The disclosure of:  (a) Evidence presented to the grand jury;  (b) Information obtained by the grand jury;  (c) The results of an investigation made by the grand jury; and  (d) An event occurring or a statement made in the presence of the grand jury other than its deliberations and the vote of a juror,  may be made to the district attorney for use in the performance of the district attorney’s duties.  2. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 3, the Attorney General or a member of the Attorney General’s staff, a grand juror, district attorney or member of the district attorney’s staff, peace officer, clerk, stenographer, interpreter, witness or other person invited or allowed to attend the proceedings of a grand jury shall not disclose:  (a) Evidence presented to the grand jury;  (b) An event occurring or a statement made in the presence of the grand jury;  (c) Information obtained by the grand jury; or  (d) The results of an investigation made by the grand jury.  3. A person may disclose his or her knowledge concerning the proceedings of a grand jury:  (a) When so directed by the court preliminary to or in connection with a judicial proceeding;  (b) When permitted by the court at the request of the defendant upon a showing that grounds may exist for a motion to dismiss the presentment or indictment because of matters occurring before the grand jury;  (c) If the person was a witness before the grand jury and is disclosing his or her knowledge of the proceedings to the person’s own attorney; or  (d) As provided in NRS 172.225.  4. No obligation of secrecy may be imposed upon any person except in accordance with this section. The court may direct that a presentment or indictment be kept secret until the defendant is in custody or has been given bail, and the clerk shall seal the presentment or indictment. It is unlawful for any person to disclose the finding of the secret presentment or indictment except when necessary for the issuance and execution of a warrant or summons.  5. A person who violates any of the provisions of this section is guilty of a gross misdemeanor and contempt of court.  6. The Attorney General or district attorney shall investigate and prosecute a violation of this section.  7. The grand jury shall inform each person who appears before the grand jury of the provisions of this section and the penalties for its violation.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1410; A 1985, 552)
NV Rev Stat § 172.255 (2021)
2021 Nevada Revised Statutes|Chapter 172 - Proceedings After Commitment and Before Indictment|NRS 172.255 - Finding and return of presentment or indictment; effect of failure to indict.

  1. A presentment or indictment may be found only upon the concurrence of 12 or more jurors.  2. The jurors shall vote separately on each person and each count included in a presentment or indictment.  3. The presentment or indictment must be returned by the grand jury to a judge in open court or, in the absence of the judge, to the clerk of the court in open court, who shall determine that 12 or more jurors concurred in finding a presentment or indictment. If the defendant has been held to answer and 12 jurors do not concur in finding a presentment or indictment, the foreman shall so report to the court in writing forthwith.  4. The failure to indict does not prevent the same charge from being again submitted to a grand jury if resubmission is approved by the court.  (Added to NRS by 1967, 1411; A 1971, 208; 1985, 1030)