reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 4-9-522 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 5 - Filing|§ 4-9-522. Maintenance and Destruction of Records

  The filing office shall maintain a record of the information provided in a filed financing statement for at least one year after the effectiveness of the financing statement has lapsed under section 4-9-515 with respect to all secured parties of record. The record must be retrievable by using the name of the debtor and the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates and the date that the record was filed or recorded.    Except to the extent that a statute governing disposition of public records provides otherwise, the filing office immediately may destroy any written record evidencing a financing statement. However, if the filing office destroys a written record, it shall maintain another record of the financing statement which complies with subsection (a) of this section.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1392, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note:    This section is similar to former § 4-9-403 (3) as it existed prior to 2001.    Colorado legislative change: Colorado did not adopt the phrase “by using” after the phrase “debtor and” and added the phrase “and the date that the record was filed or recorded” in subsection (a).     OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. Former Section 9-403(3), revised substantially.   2. Maintenance of Records. Section 9-523 requires the filing office to provide information concerning certain lapsed financing statements. Accordingly, subsection (a) requires the filing office to maintain a record of the information in a financing statement for at least one year after lapse. During that time, the filing office may not delete any information with respect to a filed financing statement; it may only add information. This approach relieves the filing office from any duty to determine whether to substitute or delete information upon receipt of an amendment. It also assures searchers that they will receive all information with respect to financing statements filed against a debtor and thereby be able themselves to determine the state of the public record.   The filing office may maintain this information in any medium. Subsection (b) permits the filing office immediately to destroy written records evidencing a financing statement, provided that the filing office maintains another record of the information contained in the financing statement as required by subsection (a).
CO Code § 4-9-524 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 5 - Filing|§ 4-9-524. Delay by Filing Office

 Delay by the filing office beyond a time limit prescribed by this part 5 is excused if:    The delay is caused by interruption of communication or computer facilities, war, emergency conditions, failure of equipment, or other circumstances beyond control of the filing office; and    The filing office exercises reasonable diligence under the circumstances.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1393, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   Source. New; derived from Section 4-109.
CO Code § 4-9-529 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 5 - Filing|§ 4-9-529. Electronic and Other Filings

  (Deleted by amendment,L. 2008, p. 268, § 6.)    The secretary of state shall ensure that presentation for filing may be accomplished electronically, without the necessity for the presentation of a physical original document or the image thereof, if all required information is included and readily retrievable from the data transmitted. All electronic filings shall be retained in a form that facilitates location of the information so filed and production of a true and accurate physical printout or other representation of the information so filed.    The secretary of state is hereby specifically authorized to establish prepaid accounts, an electronic debit system, a system for the acceptance of credit cards or electronic funds transfers, or any combination thereof.    To facilitate the filing of documents in the office of the secretary of state electronically, the secretary of state is hereby specifically authorized to adopt, by rule, technical standards governing such filings and to reject documents that do not comply with such standards. Such standards may include, without limitation, the specification of commercially available software or the dissemination of software compatible with the secretary of state's reception, storage, and retrieval system. Where national standards are available and have been promulgated by a recognized professional organization, the secretary of state shall consider and may use such national standards as the basis for the rules.    (Deleted by amendment,L. 2008, p. 268, § 6.)     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1396, § 1, effective July 1. L. 2008: (a), (d), and (e) amended, p. 268, § 6, effective February 29, 2012.    Editor's note - Colorado legislative change: Colorado added this section.
CO Code § 4-9-531 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 5 - Filing|§ 4-9-531. Removal of Social Security Numbers From Financing Statements in the Custody of the Secretary of State

  As soon as feasible, but no later than July 1, 2003, the secretary of state shall remove social security numbers from the publicly accessible electronic records of all financing statements in the custody of the secretary that were filed with a filing office on or after April 6, 1989, and before July 1, 2001, pursuant to repealed provisions of this article that required that any such financing statement contain a social security number.    A financing statement from which the secretary of state removes a social security number pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall not be rendered insufficient or ineffective by such removal.    Repealed.     History. Source: L. 2002: Entire section added, p. 661, § 1, effective May 28. L. 2009: (c) repealed, (SB 09-283), ch. 336, p. 1779, § 2, effective June 1.    Editor's note:   Section 3 of chapter 336, Session Laws of Colorado 2009, provides that the act repealing subsection (c) applies to any secured transaction record in the possession of the secretary of state before, on, or after June 1, 2009.
CO Code § 4-9-603 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 6 - Default|§ 4-9-603. Agreement on Standards Concerning Rights and Duties

  The parties may determine by agreement the standards measuring the fulfillment of the rights of a debtor or obligor and the duties of a secured party under a rule stated in section 4-9-602 if the standards are not unreasonable.    Subsection (a) of this section does not empower the parties to set standards affecting the duty under section 4-9-609 to refrain from breaching the peace.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1399, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note:    This section is similar to former § 4-9-501 (3) as it existed prior to 2001.    Colorado legislative change: Colorado did not adopt the word “manifestly” before the word “unreasonable” in subsection (a) and substituted the phrase “empower the parties to set standards affecting” for the phrase “apply to” in subsection (b).     OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. Former Section 9-501(3).   2. Limitation on Ability to Set Standards. Subsection (a), like former Section 9-501(3), permits the parties to set standards for compliance with the rights and duties under this Part if the standards are not “manifestly unreasonable.” Under subsection (b), the parties are not permitted to set standards measuring fulfillment of the secured party's duty to take collateral without breaching the peace.
CO Code § 4-9-605 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 6 - Default|§ 4-9-605. Unknown Debtor or Secondary Obligor

 A secured party does not owe a duty based on its status as secured party:    To a person that is a debtor or obligor, unless the secured party knows:   That the person is a debtor or obligor;    The identity of the person; and    How to communicate with the person; or       To a secured party or lienholder that has filed a financing statement against a person, unless the secured party knows:   That the person is a debtor; and    The identity of the person.        History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1400, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. New.   2. Duties to Unknown Persons. This section relieves a secured party from duties owed to a debtor or obligor, if the secured party does not know about the debtor or obligor. Similarly, it relieves a secured party from duties owed to a secured party or lienholder who has filed a financing statement against the debtor, if the secured party does not know about the debtor. For example, a secured party may be unaware that the original debtor has sold the collateral subject to the security interest and that the new owner has become the debtor. If so, the secured party owes no duty to the new owner (debtor) or to a secured party who has filed a financing statement against the new owner. This section should be read in conjunction with the exculpatory provisions in Section 9-628. Note that it relieves a secured party not only from duties arising under this Article but also from duties arising under other law by virtue of the secured party's status as such under this Article, unless the other law otherwise provides.
CO Code § 4-9-606 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 6 - Default|§ 4-9-606. Time of Default for Agricultural Lien

 For purposes of this part 6, a default occurs in connection with an agricultural lien at the time the secured party becomes entitled to enforce the lien in accordance with the statute under which it was created.   History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1401, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. New.   2. Time of Default. Remedies under this Part become available upon the debtor's “default.” See Section 9-601. This section explains when “default” occurs in the agricultural-lien context. It requires one to consult the enabling statute to determine when the lienholder is entitled to enforce the lien.
CO Code § 4-9-612 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 6 - Default|§ 4-9-612. Timeliness of Notification Before Disposition of Collateral

  Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, whether a notification is sent within a reasonable time is a question of fact.    In a transaction other than a consumer transaction, a notification of disposition sent after default and ten days or more before the earliest time of disposition set forth in the notification is sent within a reasonable time before the disposition.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1405, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. New.   2. Reasonable Notification. Section 9-611(b) requires the secured party to send a “reasonable authenticated notification.” Under that section, as under former Section 9-504(3), one aspect of a reasonable notification is its timeliness. This generally means that the notification must be sent at a reasonable time in advance of the date of a public disposition or the date after which a private disposition is to be made. A notification that is sent so near to the disposition date that a notified person could not be expected to act on or take account of the notification would be unreasonable.   3. Timeliness of Notification: Safe Harbor. The 10-day notice period in subsection (b) is intended to be a “safe harbor” and not a minimum requirement. To qualify for the “safe harbor” the notification must be sent after default. A notification also must be sent in a commercially reasonable manner. See Section 9-611(b) (“reasonable authenticated notification”). These requirements prevent a secured party from taking advantage of the “safe harbor” by, for example, giving the debtor a notification at the time of the original extension of credit or sending the notice by surface mail to a debtor overseas.
CO Code § 4-9-622 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 6 - Default|§ 4-9-622. Effect of Acceptance of Collateral

  A secured party's acceptance of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures:   Discharges the obligation to the extent consented to by the debtor;    Transfers to the secured party all of a debtor's rights in the collateral;    Discharges the security interest or agricultural lien that is the subject of the debtor's consent and any subordinate security interest or other subordinate lien; and    Terminates any other subordinate interest.       A subordinate interest is discharged or terminated under subsection (a) of this section, even if the secured party fails to comply with this article.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1416, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. New.   2. Effect of Acceptance. Subsection (a) specifies the effect of an acceptance of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the secured obligation. The acceptance to which it refers is an effective acceptance. If a purported acceptance is ineffective under Section 9-620, e.g., because the secured party receives a timely objection from a person entitled to notification, then neither this subsection nor subsection (b) applies. Paragraph (1) expresses the fundamental consequence of accepting collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the secured obligation the obligation is discharged to the extent consented to by the debtor. Unless otherwise agreed, the obligor remains liable for any deficiency. Paragraphs (2) through (4) indicate the effects of an acceptance on various property rights and interests. Paragraph (2) follows Section 9-617(a) in providing that the secured party acquires “all of a debtor's rights in the collateral.” Under paragraph (3), the effect of strict foreclosure on holders of junior security interests and other liens is the same regardless of whether the collateral is accepted in full or partial satisfaction of the secured obligation: all junior encumbrances are discharged. Paragraph (4) provides for the termination of other subordinate interests.   Subsection (b) makes clear that subordinate interests are discharged under subsection (a) regardless of whether the secured party complies with this Article. Thus, subordinate interests are discharged regardless of whether a proposal was required to be sent or, if required, was sent. However, a secured party's failure to send a proposal or otherwise to comply with this Article may subject the secured party to liability under Section 9-625.
CO Code § 4-9-624 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 6 - Default|§ 4-9-624. Waiver

  A debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to notification of disposition of collateral under section 4-9-611 only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.    A debtor may waive the right to require disposition of collateral under section 4-9-620 (e) only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.    Except in a consumer-goods transaction, a debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to redeem collateral under section 4-9-623. Any such waiver must be by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1417, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note:    The provisions of this section are similar to provisions of several former sections as they existed prior to 2001. For a detailed comparison, see the comparative tables located in the back of the index.    Colorado legislative change: Colorado added the phrase “Any such waiver must be” in subsection (c).     OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Source. Former Sections 9-504(3), 9-505, 9-506.   2. Waiver. This section is a limited exception to Section 9-602, which generally prohibits waiver by debtors and obligors. It makes no provision for waiver of the rule prohibiting a secured party from buying at its own private disposition. Transactions of this kind are equivalent to “strict foreclosures” and are governed by Sections 9-620, 9-621, and 9-622.   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For comment, “Remedies for Failure to Notify Debtor of Disposition of Repossessed Collateral Under the U.C.C.”, see 44 U. Colo. L. Rev. 221 . For article, "Buyer-Secured Party Conflicts Under Section 9-307(1) of the Uniform Commercial Code", see 46 U. Colo. L. Rev. 333 (1974-75). For article, “Commercial Law”, see 55 Den. L.J. 425 (1978). For article, “Secured Transactions — Part I: Attachment, Perfection and Priorities”, see 11 Colo. Law. 2939 (1982). For article, “Secured Transactions — Part II: Default, Foreclosure and Bankruptcy”, see 12 Colo. Law. 13 (1983). For article, “A Review of Agricultural Law: Hard Times and Hard Choices”, see 15 Colo. Law. 629 (1986). For article, “The Colorado Farm Homestead Protection Act”, see 15 Colo. Law. 1642 (1986). For article, “Agricultural Lending in a Troubled Economy”, see 16 Colo. Law. 1773 (1987). For article, “The Agricultural Credit Act of 1987”, see 17 Colo. Law. 611 (1988).   Annotator's note. Section 4-9-624 is similar to § 4-9-504 as it existed prior to the 2001 repeal and reenactment of this article. Relevant cases construing § 4-9-504 have been included in the annotations to § 4-9-610 .
CO Code § 4-9-702 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 7 - Transition|§ 4-9-702. Saving Clause

  Except as otherwise provided in this part 7, this act applies to a transaction or lien within its scope, even if the transaction or lien was entered into or created before July 1, 2001.    Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section and sections 4-9-703 to 4-9-710:   Transactions and liens that were not governed by former article 9, were validly entered into or created before July 1, 2001, and would be subject to this act if they had been entered into or created on or after July 1, 2001, and the rights, duties, and interests flowing from those transactions and liens remain valid on or after July 1, 2001; and    The transactions and liens may be terminated, completed, consummated, and enforced as required or permitted by this act or by the law that otherwise would apply if this act had not taken effect.       This act does not affect an action, case, or proceeding commenced before July 1, 2001.     History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1423, § 1, effective July 1. L. 2002: IP(b) amended, p. 940, § 11, effective August 7.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Pre-Effective-Date Transactions. Subsection (a) contains the general rule that this Article applies to transactions, security interests, and other liens within its scope (see Section 9-109), even if the transaction or lien was entered into or created before the effective date. Thus, secured transactions entered into under former Article 9 must be terminated, completed, consummated, and enforced under this Article. Subsection (b) is an exception to the general rule. It applies to valid, pre-effective-date transactions and liens that were not governed by former Article 9 but would be governed by this Article if they had been entered into or created after this Article takes effect. Under subsection (b), these valid transactions, such as the creation of agricultural liens and security interests in commercial tort claims, retain their validity under this Article and may be terminated, completed, consummated, and enforced under this Article. However, these transactions also may be terminated, completed, consummated, and enforced by the law that otherwise would apply had this Article not taken effect.   2. Judicial Proceedings Commenced Before Effective Date. As is usual in transition provisions, subsection (c) provides that this Article does not affect litigation pending on the effective date.
CO Code § 4-9-704 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 7 - Transition|§ 4-9-704. Security Interest Unperfected Before Effective Date

 A security interest that is enforceable immediately before July 1, 2001, but that would be subordinate to the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor at that time:    Remains an enforceable security interest for one year after July 1, 2001;    Remains enforceable after June 30, 2002, only if the security interest becomes enforceable under section 4-9-203 on or before June 30, 2002; and    Becomes perfected:   Without further action, on July 1, 2001, if the applicable requirements for perfection under this act are satisfied on or before July 1, 2001; or    When the applicable requirements for perfection are satisfied if the requirements are satisfied after July 1, 2001.        History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1424, § 1, effective July 1.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section deals with security interests that are enforceable but unperfected (i.e., subordinate to the rights of a person who becomes a lien creditor) under former Article 9 or other applicable law immediately before this Article takes effect. These security interests remain enforceable for one year after the effective date, and thereafter if the appropriate steps for attachment under this Article are taken before the one-year period expires. (This section's treatment of enforceability is the same as that of Section 9-703.) The security interest becomes a perfected security interest on the effective date if, at that time, the security interest satisfies the requirements for perfection under this Article. If the security interest does not satisfy the requirements for perfection until sometime thereafter, it becomes a perfected security interest at that later time.   Example: A security interest has attached under former Article 9 but is unperfected because the filed financing statement covers “all of debtor's personal property” and controlling case law in the applicable jurisdiction has determined that this identification of collateral in a financing statement is insufficient. Upon the effective date of this Article, the financing statement becomes sufficient under Section 9-504(2). On that date the security interest becomes perfected. (This assumes, of course, that the financing statement is filed in the proper filing office under this Article.)
CO Code § 4-9-708 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Part 7 - Transition|§ 4-9-708. Persons Entitled to File Initial Financing Statement or Continuation Statement

 A person may file an initial financing statement or a continuation statement under this part 7 if:    The secured party of record authorizes the filing; and    The filing is necessary under this part 7:   To continue the effectiveness of a financing statement filed before July 1, 2001; or    To perfect or continue the perfection of a security interest.        History. Source: L. 2001: Entire article R&RE, p. 1427, § 1, effective July 1.    Editor's note - Colorado legislative change: The uniform act codified this section as section 707.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section permits a secured party to file an initial financing statement or continuation statement necessary under this Part to continue the effectiveness of a financing statement filed before this Article takes effect or to perfect or otherwise continue the perfection of a security interest. Because a filing described in this section typically operates to continue the effectiveness of a financing statement whose filing the debtor already has authorized, this section does not require authorization from the debtor.