reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 13-10-62 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 13 - Contracts|Chapter 10 - Contracts for Public Works|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Bonds|§ 13-10-62. (See Editor's notes.) Notice of Commencement

  The contractor furnishing the payment bond or security deposit shall post on the public works construction site and file with the clerk of the superior court in the county in which the site is located a notice of commencement no later than 15 days after the contractor physically commences work on the project and supply a copy of the notice of commencement to any subcontractor, materialman, or person who makes a written request of the contractor. Failure to supply a copy of the notice of commencement within ten calendar days of receipt of the written request from such subcontractor, materialman, or person shall render the provisions of paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of Code Section 13-10-63 inapplicable to such subcontractor, materialman, or person making the request. The notice of commencement shall include:   The name, address, and telephone number of the contractor;   The name and location of the public work being constructed or a general description of the improvement;   The name and address of the state or the agency or authority of the state that is contracting for the public works construction;   The name and address of the surety for the performance and payment bonds, if any; and   The name and address of the holder of the security deposit provided, if any.     The failure to file a notice of commencement shall render the notice to the contractor requirements of paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of Code Section 13-10-63 inapplicable.   The clerk of the superior court shall file the notice of commencement within the records of that office and maintain an index separate from other real estate records or an index with the preliminary notices specified in subsection (a) of Code Section 44-14-361.3. Each such notice of commencement shall be indexed under the name of the state and the name of the contractor as contained in the notice of commencement.     (Code 1981, §13-10-62, enacted by Ga. L. 2001, p. 820, § 1; Ga. L. 2013, p. 628, § 3/SB 179.)    The 2013 amendment,  effective May 6, 2013, substituted "paragraph (2)" for "paragraph (1)" in subsection (b).   For application of this statute in 2020, see Executive Orders 06.11.20.01, 06.29.20.02, 07.15.20.01, 07.31.20.02, 08.15.20.01, and 08.31.20.02.   A listing of Executive Orders issued in 2020 can be found at https://gov.georgia.gov/executive-action/executive-orders/2 020-executive-orders.
GA Code § 13-10-64 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 13 - Contracts|Chapter 10 - Contracts for Public Works|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Bonds|§ 13-10-64. (See Editor's notes.) Supplying Copy of Bond or Security Deposit Agreement and Contract; Fees for Certified Copies

 The official who has the custody of the bond or security deposit required by this article is authorized and directed to furnish to any person making application therefor a copy of the bond or security deposit agreement and the contract for which it was given, certified by the official who has custody of the bond or security deposit. With his or her application, such person shall also submit an affidavit that he or she has supplied labor or materials for such work and that payment therefor has not been made or that he or she is being sued on any such bond or security deposit. Such copy shall be primary evidence of the bond or security deposit and contract and shall be admitted in evidence without further proof. Applicants shall pay for such certified copies and such certified statements such fees as the official fixes to cover the cost of preparation thereof, provided that in no case shall the fee fixed exceed the fees which the clerks of the superior courts are permitted to charge for similar copies.    (Code 1981, §13-10-64, enacted by Ga. L. 2001, p. 820, § 1.)   For application of this statute in 2020, see Executive Orders 06.11.20.01, 06.29.20.02, 07.15.20.01, 07.31.20.02, 08.15.20.01, and 08.31.20.02.   A listing of Executive Orders issued in 2020 can be found at https://gov.georgia.gov/executive-action/executive-orders/2 020-executive-orders.
GA Code § 13-10-65 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 13 - Contracts|Chapter 10 - Contracts for Public Works|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Bonds|§ 13-10-65. (See Editor's notes.) Time for Instituting Action

 No action can be instituted on the payment bonds or security deposits after one year from the completion of the contract and the acceptance of the public works construction by the proper public authorities. Every action instituted under this article shall be brought in the name of the claimant, without the state or the agency or authority of the state for which the work was done or was to be done being made a party thereto.    (Code 1981, §13-10-65, enacted by Ga. L. 2001, p. 820, § 1.)   For application of this statute in 2020, see Executive Orders 06.11.20.01, 06.29.20.02, 07.15.20.01, 07.31.20.02, 08.15.20.01, and 08.31.20.02.   A listing of Executive Orders issued in 2020 can be found at https://gov.georgia.gov/executive-action/executive-orders/2 020-executive-orders.   Law reviews.   - For article, "Construction Law," see 63 Mercer L. Rev. 107 (2011).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Claim untimely.   - Materials supplier's suit on a payment bond for a road improvement project was time-barred because the work was completed and accepted by the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) more than one year before suit was filed; the statute of limitations concerned acceptance of the actual construction work, not GDOT's internal procedure. Strickland v. Arch Ins. Co., 718 Fed. Appx. 927 (11th Cir. 2018)(Unpublished).
GA Code § 13-10-66 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 13 - Contracts|Chapter 10 - Contracts for Public Works|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Bonds|§ 13-10-66. Acceptance of Electronic Signatures and Seals

 Public procurement officers shall accept electronic signatures and electronic corporate seals on bonds issued pursuant to this part so long as such signatures and seals comply with the provisions of Chapter 12 of Title 10 and Code Section 33-24-14.    (Code 1981, §13-10-66, enacted by Ga. L. 2021, p. 459, § 1-2/SB 169.)
GA Code § 13-10-70 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 13 - Contracts|Chapter 10 - Contracts for Public Works|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Bonds|§ 13-10-70. Liquidated Damages for Late Completion and Incentives for Early Completion

 Public works construction contracts may include both liquidated damages provisions for late construction project completion and incentive provisions for early construction project completion when the project schedule is deemed to have value. The terms of the liquidated damages provisions and the incentive provisions shall be established in advance as a part of the construction contract and included within the terms of the bid or proposal.    (Code 1981, §13-10-70, enacted by Ga. L. 2013, p. 628, § 4/SB 179.)
GA Code § 14-2-101 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Short Title and Reservation of Power|§ 14-2-101. Short Title

 This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Georgia Business Corporation Code."    (Code 1981, §14-2-101, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For article, "Georgia Condominium Law: Beyond the Condominium Act," see 13 Ga. St. B. J. 24 (2007). For article, "The Georgia LLC Act Comes of Age," see 16 (No. 1) Ga. St. B. J. 20 (2010). For article, "Researching Georgia Law," see 34 Ga. St. U. L. Rev. 741 (2015).
GA Code § 14-2-102 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Short Title and Reservation of Power|§ 14-2-102. Reservation of Power to Amend or Repeal

 The General Assembly has power to amend or repeal all or part of this chapter at any time and all domestic and foreign corporations subject to this chapter are governed by the amendment or repeal.    (Code 1981, §14-2-102, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18 Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 79.   C.J.S.   - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, § 77 et seq.   ALR.    - Power of state to amend charter of a private incorporated charity, 62 A.L.R. 573.    Constitutional and statutory provisions relating to consolidation, merger, or reorganization of corporations as applicable retrospectively to corporation previously chartered, 131 A.L.R. 734.
GA Code § 14-2-103 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 1 - Short Title and Reservation of Power|§ 14-2-103. Independent Legal Significance of Chapter Provisions

 Each provision of this chapter shall have independent legal significance.    (Code 1981, §14-2-103, enacted by Ga. L. 1989, p. 946, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-2-121 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-121. Forms

 The Secretary of State may prescribe and furnish on request forms for:    An application for a certificate of existence;   A foreign corporation's application for a certificate of authority to transact business in this state;   A foreign corporation's application for a certificate of withdrawal;   The annual registration; and   Such other forms not in conflict with this chapter as may be prescribed by the Secretary of State.     (Code 1981, §14-2-121, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-2-121.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-121.1. Valid Period for Annual Registration

 Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the Secretary of State may provide for the annual registration required under this chapter to be valid for a period up to and including three years. The Secretary of State is authorized to adopt the necessary rules and regulations to implement such a registration process.    (Code 1981, §14-2-121.1, enacted by Ga. L. 2017, p. 145, § 1-1/HB 87.)
GA Code § 14-2-122 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-122. Filing Fees and Penalties

 The Secretary of State shall collect the following fees and penalties when the documents described in this Code section are delivered to him or her for filing:   Document Fee -------- --- (1) Articles of incorporation $ 100.00 (2) Application for certificate of authority 225.00 (3) Annual registration 50.00 (4) Penalty for late filing of annual registration 25.00 (5) Agent's statement of resignation No fee (6) Certificate of judicial dissolution No fee (7) Articles of dissolution or intent to dissolve No fee (8) Application of withdrawal No fee (9) Application for reservation of a corporate name 25.00 (10) Civil penalty for a foreign corporation transacting business in this state without a certificate of authority 500.00 (11) Statement of change of address of registered agent . . . . $5.00 per corporation but not less than 20.00 (12) Application for reinstatement 250.00 (13) Certificate of conversion 95.00 (14) Any other document required or permitted to be filed by this chapter 20.00    (Code 1981, §14-2-122, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 946, § 3; Ga. L. 1997, p. 1165, § 1; Ga. L. 2002, p. 989, § 2; Ga. L. 2003, p. 883, § 1; Ga. L. 2007, p. 455, § 1/SB 234; Ga. L. 2008, p. 253, § 1/SB 436; Ga. L. 2010, p. 9, § 1-34/HB 1055; Ga. L. 2011, p. 430, § 1/SB 64.)   Law reviews.   - For survey article on business associations, see 60 Mercer L. Rev. 35 (2008). For note, "Skimming from the 2%: The Status of Georgia's Restrictions on Shareholder Access to Corporate Information," 46 Ga. L. Rev. 835 (2012).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 174, 278.   C.J.S.   - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, § 62. 19 C.J.S., Corporations, § 988.
GA Code § 14-2-123 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-123. Effective Time and Date of Document

  Except as provided in subsection (b) of this Code section and subsection (c) of Code Section 14-2-124, a document accepted for filing is effective:   At the time of filing on the date it is filed, as evidenced by the Secretary of State's date and time endorsement on the original document; or   At the time specified in the document as its effective time on the date it is filed.     A document may specify a delayed effective time and date, and if it does so the document shall become effective at the time and date specified. If a delayed effective date but no time is specified, the document shall become effective at the close of business on that date. A delayed effective date for a document may not be later than the ninetieth day after the date on which it is filed.   If a document is determined by the Secretary of State to be incomplete and inappropriate for filing, the Secretary of State may return the document to the person or corporation filing it, together with a brief written explanation of the reason for the refusal to file, in accordance with subsection (c) of Code Section 14-2-125 and, if the applicant returns the document with corrections in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Secretary of State, the filing date of the document will be the filing date that would have been applied had the original document not been deficient.     (Code 1981, §14-2-123, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-2-124 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-124. Correcting Filed Document

  A domestic or foreign corporation may correct a document filed by the Secretary of State if the document:   Contains an incorrect statement; or   Was defectively executed, attested, sealed, verified, or acknowledged.     A document is corrected:   By preparing articles of correction that:   Describe the document (including its filing date);   Specify the incorrect statement and the reason it is incorrect or the manner in which the execution was defective; and   Correct the incorrect statement or defective execution; and     By delivering the articles to the Secretary of State for filing.     Articles of correction are effective on the effective date of the document they correct except as to persons relying on the uncorrected document and adversely affected by the correction. As to those persons, articles of correction are effective when filed.     (Code 1981, §14-2-124, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 946, § 4; Ga. L. 2002, p. 989, § 3.)
GA Code § 14-2-125 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-125. Filing Duty of Secretary of State

  If a document delivered to the office of the Secretary of State for filing satisfies the requirements of Code Section 14-2-120, the Secretary of State shall file it.   The Secretary of State files a document by stamping or otherwise endorsing his official title and the date and time of receipt on both the original and the document copy. After filing a document, except as provided in Code Sections 14-2-503 and 14-2-1510, the Secretary of State shall deliver the document copy to the domestic or foreign corporation or its representative.   If the Secretary of State refuses to file a document, he shall return it to the domestic or foreign corporation or its representative within ten days after the document was delivered, together with a brief, written explanation of the reason for his refusal.   The Secretary of State's duty to file documents under this Code section is ministerial. His filing or refusing to file a document does not:   Affect the validity or invalidity of the document in whole or part;   Relate to the correctness or incorrectness of information contained in the document; or   Create a presumption that the document is valid or invalid or that information contained in the document is correct or incorrect.       (Code 1981, §14-2-125, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)   Law reviews.   - For annual survey on business associations, see 68 Mercer L. Rev. 71 (2016).
GA Code § 14-2-126 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-126. Appeal From Secretary of State's Refusal to File Document

  If the Secretary of State refuses to file a document delivered to his office for filing, the domestic or foreign corporation may appeal the refusal within 30 days after the return of the document to the superior court of the county where the corporation's registered office is or will be located. The appeal is commenced by petitioning the court to compel filing the document and by attaching to the petition the document and the Secretary of State's explanation of his refusal to file.   The matter shall promptly be tried de novo by the court without a jury. The court may summarily order the Secretary of State to file the document or take other action the court considers appropriate.   The court's final decision may be appealed as in other civil proceedings.     (Code 1981, §14-2-126, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-2-127 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-127. Evidence of Filing

 A certificate attached to a copy of a document or electronic transmission filed by the Secretary of State, bearing his or her signature, which may be in facsimile, and the printed or embossed seal of this state, or its electronic equivalent, is prima-facie evidence that the original document has been filed with the Secretary of State.    (Code 1981, §14-2-127, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1; Ga. L. 1999, p. 405, § 2.)
GA Code § 14-2-128 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-128. Certificate of Existence

  Any person may apply to the Secretary of State to furnish a certificate of existence for a domestic corporation or a certificate of authorization for a foreign corporation.   A certificate of existence or authorization sets forth:   The domestic corporation's corporate name or the foreign corporation's corporate name used in this state;   That the domestic corporation is duly incorporated under the law of this state and the date of its incorporation, or that the foreign corporation is authorized to transact business in this state;   That its most recent annual registration required by Code Section 14-2-1622 has been delivered to the Secretary of State; and   That articles of dissolution have not been filed.     Subject to any qualification stated in the certificate, a certificate of existence or authorization issued by the Secretary of State may be relied upon as prima-facie evidence that the domestic or foreign corporation is in existence or is authorized to transact business in this state.     (Code 1981, §14-2-128, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-2-129 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 2 - Filing Documents|§ 14-2-129. Penalty for Signing False Document

 A person who signs a document he knows is false in any material respect with intent that the document be delivered to the Secretary of State for filing shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $500.00.    (Code 1981, §14-2-129, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18B Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 1598.   C.J.S.   - 19 C.J.S., Corporations, §§ 649, 650, 1036.   ALR.    - Constitutionality of statute regarding conduct of officers or directors of insolvent corporation which will render them criminally responsible, 76 A.L.R. 530.
GA Code § 14-2-130 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 3 - Secretary of State|§ 14-2-130. Powers

 The Secretary of State has the power reasonably necessary to perform the duties required of him by this chapter.    (Code 1981, §14-2-130, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)
GA Code § 14-2-142 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 4 - Definitions|§ 14-2-142. Number of Shareholders

  For purposes of this chapter, the following identified as a shareholder in a corporation's current record of shareholders constitute one shareholder:   Three or fewer co-owners;   A corporation, partnership, trust, estate, or other entity;   The trustees, guardians, custodians, or other fiduciaries of a single trust, estate, or account.     For purposes of this chapter, shareholdings registered in substantially similar names constitute one shareholder if it is reasonable to believe that the names represent the same person.     (Code 1981, §14-2-142, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1; Ga. L. 1994, p. 97, § 14.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, §§ 273, 862 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, § 372 et seq.
GA Code § 14-2-150 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 14 - Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations|Chapter 2 - Business Corporations|Article 1 - General Provisions|Part 5 - Execution of Documents|§ 14-2-150. Signatures

 The signatures of the officers of a corporation and the seal of the corporation upon any bond, debenture, interest coupon, or other debt security may be facsimiles if the instrument is authenticated or countersigned by a trustee or transfer agent or registered by a registrar other than the corporation or an employee of the corporation. The transfer agent or registrar may sign manually or in facsimile.    (Code 1981, §14-2-150, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1; Ga. L. 1989, p. 946, § 7.)   Law reviews.   - For article discussing issuance of debt securities under the Georgia Business Corporation Code, see 3 Ga. L. Rev. 11 (1968).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 18A Am. Jur. 2d, Corporations, § 245.   C.J.S.   - 19 C.J.S., Corporations, § 752.