reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MA Gen L ch 156 § 41b (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 41b - Change in Number of Shares With Par Value

Section 41B. Any corporation having authorized shares with par value may, at a meeting duly called for the purpose, by the vote of a majority of all its stock, or if two or more classes of stock have been issued, of a majority of each class outstanding and entitled to vote, including in any event a majority of the outstanding stock of each class affected, change such shares or any class thereof into a greater number of shares with par value, or provide for the exchange thereof pro rata for a greater number of shares with par value, such greater number of shares in either case to be of the same aggregate par value as the shares so changed or exchanged and the par value of each share to be outstanding by virtue of such change or exchange to be reduced accordingly; provided that the preferences, voting powers, restrictions and qualifications of the outstanding shares so changed or exchanged shall not be otherwise impaired or diminished without the consent of the holders thereof; and, provided further, that the par value of each share to be outstanding by virtue of such change or exchange shall be at least one dollar.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 41c (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 41c - Change of Shares Without Par Value to Par Value Shares

Section 41C. Any corporation having authorized shares without par value may, at a meeting duly called for the purpose, by the vote of a majority of all its stock, or, if two or more classes of stock have been issued, of a majority of each class outstanding and entitled to vote, including in any event a majority of the outstanding stock of each class affected, change such shares or any class thereof into any number of shares with par value, or provide for the exchange thereof pro rata for any number of shares with par value; provided, that the preferences, voting powers, restrictions and qualifications of the outstanding shares so changed or exchanged shall not be otherwise impaired or diminished without the consent of the holders thereof; and provided, further, that the par value of each share having a par value shall be at least one dollar per share and that the total authorized capital stock of such corporation shall not be less than one thousand dollars for this purpose counting shares without par value as of a par value of one hundred dollars each; and provided, further, that the aggregate par value of shares becoming outstanding by virtue of such change or exchange shall not exceed the amount of capital shown on the balance sheet of the corporation with respect to the outstanding shares without par value so changed or exchanged, plus the amount of any surplus which by said vote is appropriated to capital in connection with such change or exchange.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 42 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 42 - Change of Structure; Conveyance of Property

Section 42. Every corporation may, at a meeting duly called for the purpose, by vote of two thirds of each class of stock outstanding and entitled to vote, or by a larger vote if the agreement of association or act of incorporation so requires, change its corporate name, the nature of its business, the classes of its capital stock subsequently to be issued and their preferences and voting power, or make any other lawful amendment or alteration in its agreement of association or articles of organization, or in the corresponding provisions of its act of incorporation, or authorize the sale, mortgage, pledge, lease or exchange of all its property and assets, including its good will, upon such terms and conditions as it deems expedient.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 43 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 43 - Approval of Amendments or Alterations; Fees

Section 43. Within thirty days after any meeting at which any amendment or alteration of the agreement of association or articles of organization has been adopted, articles of amendment, signed and sworn to by the president, treasurer and a majority of the directors, setting forth such amendment or alteration and the due adoption thereof, shall be submitted to the secretary, who shall examine them with the same powers as in the case of the original articles of organization, and, if he finds that they conform to the requirements of law, shall so certify and endorse his approval thereon. Thereupon the articles of amendment shall, upon payment of the fee provided in section fifty-four or fifty-five, as the case may be, be filed in the office of the state secretary. No such amendment or alteration shall take effect until such articles of amendment shall have been filed as aforesaid.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 44 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 44 - Increase in Capital Stock in Accordance With Sec. 41 or 41c; Content of Articles

Section 44. If an increase in the total amount of the capital stock of any corporation shall have been authorized by vote of its stockholders in accordance with section forty-one, or if a change or exchange of stock shall have been authorized in accordance with section forty-one C, the articles of amendment shall also set forth—(a) the total amount of capital stock already authorized; (b) the amount of stock already issued for cash payable by instalments and the amount paid thereon; and the amount of full paid stock already issued for cash, property, services or expenses; (c) the amount of additional stock authorized; (d) the amount of such stock to be issued for cash, property, services or expenses, respectively; (e) a description of said property and a statement of the nature of said services or expenses, in the manner required by section ten.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 45 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 45 - Reduction of Capital Stock in Accordance With Sec. 41 or 41c; Content of Articles

Section 45. If a reduction of the capital stock of any corporation shall have been authorized by its stockholders in accordance with section forty-one, or if a change or exchange of stock resulting in a reduction of capital shall have been authorized in accordance with section forty-one C, the articles of amendment shall also set forth—(a) the total amount of capital stock already authorized and issued; (b) the amount of the reduction and the manner in which it shall be effected; (c) a copy of the vote authorizing the reduction. No reduction of capital stock shall be lawful which renders the corporation bankrupt or insolvent, but the capital stock may be reduced by the surrender by every stockholder of his shares and the issue to him in lieu thereof of a proportional decreased number of shares, if the assets of such corporation are not reduced thereby, without creating any liability of the stockholders of such corporation in case of the subsequent bankruptcy of such corporation.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 46 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 46 - Sale, Lease or Exchange of Property and Assets; Remedy of Dissenting Stockholder

Section 46. A stockholder in any corporation which shall have duly voted to sell, lease or exchange all its property and assets or to change the nature of its business in accordance with section forty-two, who, at the meeting of stockholders, has voted against such action may, within thirty days after the date of said meeting, make a written demand upon the corporation for payment for his stock. If the corporation and the stockholder cannot agree upon the value of the stock at the date of such sale, lease, exchange or change, such value shall be ascertained by three disinterested persons, one of whom shall be named by the stockholder, another by the corporation and the third by the two thus chosen. The finding of the appraisers shall be final, and if their award is not paid by the corporation within thirty days after it is made, it may be recovered in contract by the stockholder from the corporation. Upon payment by the corporation to the stockholder of the agreed or awarded price of his stock, the stockholder shall forthwith transfer and assign the stock certificates held by him at, and in accordance with, the request of the corporation. The word ''sell'' as used in this section shall not include mortgage or pledge.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 46c (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 46c - Effect of Consolidation

Section 46C. Upon the filing of the articles of consolidation with the state secretary, all of the estate, property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the constituent corporations and all of their property, real, personal and mixed, and all the debts due on whatever account to any of them, as well as all stock subscriptions and other choses in action belonging to any of them, shall be transferred to and vested in the consolidated corporation, without further act or deed, and all claims, demands, property and other interest shall be the property of the consolidated corporation, and the title to all real estate, vested in any of the constituent corporations, shall not revert or be in any way impaired by reason of the consolidation, but shall be vested in the consolidated corporation.  The rights of creditors of any constituent corporation shall not in any manner be impaired, nor shall any liability or obligation, including taxes due or to become due, or any claim or demand in any cause existing against such corporation, or any stockholder or officer thereof, be released or impaired, by any such consolidation, but such consolidated corporation shall be deemed to have assumed, and shall be liable for, all liabilities and obligations of each of the constituent corporations in the same manner and to the same extent as if such consolidated corporation had itself incurred such liabilities or obligations. The stockholders and officers of the constituent corporations shall continue subject to all the liabilities, claims and demands existing against them as such at or before the consolidation and no action or proceeding then pending before any court or tribunal in which any constituent corporation is a party, or in which any such stockholder or officer is a party, shall abate or be discontinued by reason of such consolidation, but may be prosecuted to final judgment as though no consolidation had taken place, or such consolidated corporation may be substituted as a party in place of any constituent corporation by the court in which such action or proceeding is pending.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 46e (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 46e - Consolidations; Remedy of Dissenting Shareholders

Section 46E. A stockholder in any corporation which shall have duly voted to consolidate with another corporation in accordance with section forty-six B or forty-six D, who, at the meeting of stockholders, has voted against such consolidation, if entitled to vote, or, if not entitled to vote, has registered his disapproval in writing with the corporation at or before said meeting, may, within thirty days after the date on which the articles of consolidation were filed, make a written demand upon the consolidated corporation for payment for his stock. If such corporation and the stockholder cannot agree upon the value of the stock at the date of the consolidation, such value shall be ascertained and the stock paid for by and transferred to the consolidated corporation in the manner provided in section forty-six.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 46f (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 46f - Certificates of Merger or Consolidation; Issuance by State Secretary

Section 46F. Upon payment of a fee to be determined annually by the commissioner of administration under the provision of section three B of chapter seven, the state secretary shall issue a certificate in such form as he shall prescribe, evidencing the filing in the office of the state secretary of any articles of amendment pursuant to section forty-six A, or of any articles of consolidation pursuant to section forty-six B or section forty-six D.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 47 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 47 - Annual Report of Condition; Contents

Section 47. Every corporation shall annually, within four months after the close of its fiscal year but not before the date fixed in its by-laws for its annual meeting, or the final adjournment of said meeting, prepare and submit to the secretary a report of condition which shall be signed and sworn to by an officer of the corporation, stating:—  1. The name of the corporation.  2. The location (with street address) of its principal office in the commonwealth, and elsewhere in the case of a corporation organized to do business wholly outside the commonwealth.  3. The total amount of its authorized capital stock so far as it consists of shares with par value, and the total number of its shares without par value authorized to be issued; the amount of stock with par value, and the number of shares without par value, issued and outstanding and the amount then paid thereon; the class or classes, if any, into which it is divided; the par value, if any, and the number of its shares.  4. The names and addresses of all the directors and officers of the corporation, and the date at which the term of office of each expires.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 48 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 48 - Annual Report of Condition; Approval; Filing; Public Inspection

Section 48. The secretary shall examine such report, and if he finds that it conforms to the requirements of section forty-seven shall endorse his approval thereon; and upon the payment of the fee required by section fifty-five, it shall be filed in the office of the state secretary, who shall receive and preserve it in book form convenient for reference and open to public inspection.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 50 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 50 - Failure to File Report of Condition; Penalty

Section 50. If a corporation fails to file its report of condition within the time required by law, the secretary shall give notice by mail, postage prepaid, to such corporation of its default. If it omits to file such report within thirty days after such notice of default has been given, it shall forfeit to the commonwealth not less than five nor more than ten dollars for each day for fifteen days after the expiration of the said thirty days, and not less than ten nor more than two hundred dollars for each day thereafter during which such default continues, or any other sum, not greater than the maximum penalty or forfeiture, which the court may deem just and equitable. If a corporation fails for two successive years to file its annual report of condition, the supreme judicial court, upon application by the secretary, after notice and hearing, may decree a dissolution of the corporation.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 51 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 51 - Appointment of Receiver

Section 51. Under the circumstances set forth in section fifty-two of chapter one hundred and fifty-five, or if a judgment has been recovered against a corporation, and it has neglected for thirty days after demand made on execution to pay the amount due with the officer's fees, or to exhibit to the officer real or personal property belonging to it and subject to be taken on execution sufficient to satisfy the same, and the execution has been returned unsatisfied, one or more receivers may be appointed with the powers and duties provided in, and subject to, said section.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 52 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 52 - Failure to File Certificates or Reports

Section 52. Penalties or forfeitures incurred by any corporation which omits to cause to be duly filed any certificate or report required by section twenty-four, twenty-nine or forty-seven, may be recovered in an action brought in Suffolk county in the name of the commonwealth, or they may be recovered by an information in equity in the name of the attorney general at the relation of the secretary, brought in the supreme judicial court in Suffolk county. Upon such information, the court may issue an injunction restraining the further prosecution of the business of the corporation until such penalties or forfeitures, with interest and costs, have been paid and until such certificate or report has been filed.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 53 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 53 - Filing of Articles of Organization; Fees

Section 53. The fee for filing the articles of organization required by section 10, including the issuing by the state secretary of the certificates of incorporation, shall be determined annually by the commissioner of administration under the provision of section three B of chapter seven.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 54 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 54 - Certain Certificates; Determination of Fees

Section 54. The fees for filing the following certificates shall be determined annually by the commissioner of administration under the provision of section three B of chapter seven:  A certificate providing for an increase of capital stock with par value.  A certificate providing for a change of shares with par value to shares without par value, whether or not the capital is changed thereby.  A certificate providing for an increase in the number of shares without par value, whether or not the capital is changed thereby.  A certificate providing for a change of shares without par value into shares with par value or for an exchange of shares without par value for shares with par value, whether or not an increase or decrease or no change in the capital is provided for.
MA Gen L ch 156 § 55 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156 - Business Corporations|Section 55 - Filing of Other Amendments, Certificates, Statements and Reports; Fees

Section 55. The fees for filing all other amendments, certificates, statements or reports required by law of corporations shall be determined annually by the commissioner of administration under the provision of section three B of chapter seven for each amendment, certificate, statement or report, but no fee shall be paid for filing the certificate of change of officers or of annual meeting required by section twenty-four or twenty-nine or the annual tax return required by sections thirty-five and forty of chapter sixty-three.
MA Gen L ch 156a § 1 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156a - Professional Corporations|Section 1 - Short Title

Section 1. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the Professional Corporation Law.
MA Gen L ch 156a § 2 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156a - Professional Corporations|Section 2 - Definitions

Section 2. In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires, the following words shall have the following meanings:  (a) ''Professional corporation'', a domestic corporation organized under this chapter for the purpose of rendering one or more professional services. As used in sections five, six, eight, ten and nineteen, the term ''professional corporation'' shall also include foreign professional corporations.  (b) ''Professional service'', (i) the service performed by registered physicians and surgeons, chiropractors, podiatrists, engineers, electrologists, physical therapists, psychologists, certified public accountants, public accountants, dentists, veterinarians, optometrists acupuncturists and registered nurses, so long as the foregoing are registered or licensed under the provisions of chapter one hundred and twelve; and by attorneys-at-law admitted to practice in the courts of the commonwealth under chapter two hundred and twenty-one; (ii) any other type of service which may be rendered only pursuant to a license pursuant to the laws of the commonwealth, if the applicable regulating boards permit the licensed person to incorporate his profession under this chapter, or if such licensed person elects to incorporate his profession under this chapter and such incorporation is not prohibited by law or by regulations of the applicable regulating board.  (c) ''Regulating board'', a board or governing authority which is charged with licensing and regulating the profession of any person performing a professional service.  (d) ''Foreign professional corporation'', a corporation organized for the purpose of rendering professional service under a law other than the law of the commonwealth.  (e) ''Qualified person'', with respect to any professional corporation means a natural person, general partnership, or professional corporation which is eligible under this chapter to own shares issued by such professional corporation.  (f) ''Disqualified person'', with respect to any professional corporation means any natural person, corporation, partnership, or other entity which for any reason is or becomes ineligible under this chapter to own shares issued by such professional corporation.
MA Gen L ch 156a § 3 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XXII - Corporations|Chapter 156a - Professional Corporations|Section 3 - Professional Services Provided

Section 3. (a) Except as hereinafter provided, a professional corporation may be organized under this chapter only for the purpose of rendering professional services and services ancillary thereto within a single profession.  (b) A professional corporation may be organized for the purpose of rendering professional services within two or more professions except to the extent expressly prohibited by the licensing laws of the commonwealth applicable to such professions or the regulations of any of the applicable regulating boards.  (c) The provisions of this chapter shall not be construed as prohibiting the organization of a corporation to render professional services, or as limiting the rendering of professional services or the practice of any profession under any other provisions of law except to the extent expressly prohibited or limited by such provisions of law or the regulations of the applicable regulating boards.