reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
WI Stat § 345.09 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.09 - Service of process on nonresident.

345.09  Service of process on nonresident. (1) The use and operation of a motor vehicle over the highways of this state by a nonresident is considered an irrevocable appointment by the nonresident of the secretary to be the true and lawful attorney upon whom may be served all legal process in any action or proceeding against the nonresident or the nonresident's personal representative, growing out of the use or operation of the motor vehicle in this state and resulting in damage or loss to person or property, whether the damage or loss occurs on a highway or on abutting public or private property. The appointment of the secretary as attorney for service of process is binding upon the nonresident's personal representative. The use or operation of a motor vehicle over the highways of this state by the nonresident is a signification of the nonresident's agreement that any legal process or notice against the nonresident or the nonresident's personal representative that is so served shall be of the same legal force and validity as if served on them personally. (2) The secretary as attorney upon whom processes and notices may be served under this section shall, upon being served with such process or notice, forthwith mail by registered mail a copy thereof to such nonresident at the out-of-state nonresident address given in the papers so served. It is the duty of the party or the party's attorney to certify in the papers so served that the address given therein is the last-known out-of-state nonresident address of the party to be served. In all cases of service under this section there shall be served 2 authenticated copies for the secretary and such additional number of authenticated copies as there are defendants so served in the action. One of the secretary's copies shall be retained for the secretary's record of service and the other copy shall be returned with proper certificate of service attached for filing in court as proof of service of the copies by having mailed them by registered mail to the defendants named therein. The service fee shall be $25 for each defendant so served. The secretary shall keep a record of all such processes and notices, which record shall show the day and hour of service. (3) This section applies to a nonresident defendant who was a resident of this state at the time of the accident or occurrence which gave rise to the cause of action sued on.History:  1977 c. 29 ss. 1467, 1654 (7) (c); 1977 c. 60, 418; 1993 a. 16; 1999 a. 9; 2001 a. 102.Service upon a nonresident's father at the father's residence was insufficient for the exercise of personal jurisdiction over a nonresident in a diversity case, despite claimed actual notice, when no attempt was made to comply with this section. Chilcote v. Shertzer, 372 F. Supp. 86 (1974).
WI Stat § 345.17 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.17 - Penalty for false statements.

345.17  Penalty for false statements. (1) Unless another civil or criminal penalty is expressly prescribed by law, no person may make a false statement to the department or secretary on which the department or the secretary relies in:(a) Issuing a duplicate title.(b) Issuing a duplicate license or operating privilege.(c) Performing an act or administering a law that the department or secretary is required by law to administer or perform. (2) Any person who violates sub. (1) shall forfeit not less than $25 nor more than $100 for the first offense and shall forfeit not less than $100 nor more than $500 for the 2nd and each subsequent offense.History:  1973 c. 218; 1977 c. 29 s. 1654 (7) (a), (c); 1989 a. 105; 1999 a. 80.
WI Stat § 345.18 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.18 - Sentencing of juveniles.

345.18  Sentencing of juveniles. A person under the age of 18 years shall be present at the imposition of sentence in cases for violation of chs. 341 to 348 and 351 or ordinances enacted in conformity therewith under ch. 349. This section does not apply to parking violations or to cases where a stipulation of guilt or no contest has been accepted for a violation of a local ordinance. A court may waive the requirement of personal appearance under this section in cases of exceptional hardship.History:  1979 c. 110 s. 60 (6); 1979 c. 333 s. 5.
WI Stat § 345.20 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.20 - General provisions in traffic forfeiture actions.

345.20  General provisions in traffic forfeiture actions. (1) Definitions. In ss. 345.20 to 345.53:(a) “Judge" has the meaning specified in s. 967.02 (2m). (b) “Traffic regulation" means a provision of chs. 194 or 341 to 349 for which the penalty for violation is a forfeiture or an ordinance enacted in accordance with s. 349.06. Except as otherwise specifically provided, “traffic regulation" does not include a nonmoving traffic violation as defined in s. 345.28 (1). (2)  Procedure. (a) Except as provided in par. (b), the apprehension of alleged violators of traffic regulations and the trial of forfeiture actions for the violation of traffic regulations shall be governed by ss. 345.21 to 345.53. Where no specific procedure is provided in ss. 345.21 to 345.53, ch. 799 shall apply to such actions in circuit court.(b) The trial of forfeiture actions in municipal court for the violation of traffic regulations shall be governed by ch. 800. Provisions relating to the uniform traffic citation in s. 345.11, to arrests in ss. 345.21 to 345.24, to deposits and pleas of no contest under s. 345.26, to the authority of the court under ss. 345.37, 345.47, 345.48 and 345.50 and to guaranteed arrest bonds under s. 345.61 apply to violations of ordinances to be tried in municipal court.(c) Sections 967.055 and 972.11 (3m) apply to traffic forfeiture actions for violations of s. 346.63 (1) or (5) or a local ordinance in conformity therewith.(d) A nonmoving traffic violation is governed by s. 345.28. The trial of forfeiture actions for nonmoving traffic violations is governed by ss. 345.28 and 345.34 to 345.47. Where no specific procedure is provided in ss. 345.28 or 345.34 to 345.47, ch. 799 applies to actions in circuit court and ch. 800 applies to actions in municipal court.(f) Sections 23.50 to 23.85 apply to actions in circuit court to recover forfeitures and weapons surcharges imposed under ch. 814 for violations of s. 167.31 (2) (b), (c), or (d). No points may be assessed against the driving record of a person convicted of a violation of s. 167.31 (2) (b), (c), or (d). The report of conviction shall be forwarded to the department.(g) Sections 23.50 to 23.85 apply to actions in circuit court to recover forfeitures for violations of s. 287.81. No points may be assessed against the driving record of a person convicted of a violation of s. 287.81. The report of conviction and abstract of court record copy of the citation form shall be forwarded to the department.History:  1971 c. 278; 1977 c. 305; 1979 c. 32 s. 92 (16), (17); 1979 c. 34; 1979 c. 175 s. 50; 1981 c. 20, 165; 1983 a. 74, 189; 1985 a. 36; 1987 a. 3, 267; 1989 a. 31, 105, 170, 335; 1993 a. 359; 1995 a. 227; 2003 a. 139; 2015 a. 196.Wisconsin's uniform traffic court procedure. Hough, 1972 WBB No. 4.
WI Stat § 345.21 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.21 - Authority to arrest with a warrant.

345.21  Authority to arrest with a warrant. (1) A person may be arrested for the violation of a traffic regulation with a warrant that substantially complies with ch. 968. Except as provided in sub. (2), the person arrested shall be brought without unreasonable delay before a court having jurisdiction to try the action or a judge. (2) In traffic regulation actions, the judge or municipal judge who issues a warrant under sub. (1) may endorse upon the warrant the amount of the deposit. If no endorsement is made the deposit schedule under s. 345.26 (2) shall apply unless the court directs that the person be brought before the court.History:  1971 c. 278; 1973 c. 218; 1977 c. 305 s. 64.
WI Stat § 345.22 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.22 - Authority to arrest without a warrant.

345.22  Authority to arrest without a warrant. A person may be arrested without a warrant for the violation of a traffic regulation if the traffic officer has reasonable grounds to believe that the person is violating or has violated a traffic regulation.History:  1971 c. 278.Although this section and s. 968.24 pertain only to crimes and violations of traffic regulations, neither statute forecloses traffic stops to enforce non-traffic civil forfeiture offenses. State v. Iverson, 2015 WI 101, 365 Wis. 2d 302, 871 N.W.2d 661, 14-0515.The statement in Popke, 2009 WI 37, that “a police officer may . . . conduct a traffic stop when, under the totality of the circumstances, he or she has grounds to reasonably suspect that a crime or traffic violation has been or will be committed," did not purport to circumscribe the universe of possible scenarios within which traffic stops permissibly may occur, or to make such limits contingent on whether the legislature has titled a particular law a “traffic regulation." A reasonable suspicion that a violation of the littering statute, s. 287.81, a non-traffic civil forfeiture offense, had occurred justified a brief and limited traffic stop. The more onerous standard of probable cause would also therefore justify a traffic stop. State v. Iverson, 2015 WI 101, 365 Wis. 2d 302, 871 N.W.2d 661, 14-0515.A city police officer is a traffic officer within s. 345.22. 61 Atty. Gen. 419.
WI Stat § 345.23 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.23 - Officer's action after arrest without a warrant.

345.23  Officer's action after arrest without a warrant. If a person is arrested without a warrant for the violation of a traffic regulation, the arresting officer shall issue a citation under s. 345.11, and in addition: (1) May release the person; or (2) Shall release the person when he or she:(a) Makes a deposit under s. 345.26; or(c) Deposits the person's valid Wisconsin operator's license with the officer. If the license is deposited with the officer, the officer shall issue to the licensee a receipt which shall be valid as a driver's license through the date specified on the receipt, which shall be the same as the court appearance date, and the officer shall, at the earliest possible time prior to the court appearance date, deposit the license with the court.(d) Presents a guaranteed arrest bond certificate under s. 345.61. (3) Shall, if the alleged violator is not released under sub. (1) or (2), bring him or her without unreasonable delay before a judge or, for ordinance violations, before a municipal judge in the county in which the violation was alleged to have been committed. (4) Shall, if the alleged violator is released under sub. (1) or (2), specify on the citation a return date which may not be more than 90 days after the issue date.History:  1971 c. 278; 1973 c. 218; 1977 c. 305, 418; 1983 a. 189 s. 329 (32); 1989 a. 105, 170, 359.
WI Stat § 345.24 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.24 - Officer's action after arrest for driving under influence of intoxicant.

345.24  Officer's action after arrest for driving under influence of intoxicant. (1) A person arrested under s. 346.63 (1) or (5) or an ordinance in conformity therewith or s. 346.63 (2) or (6) or 940.25, or s. 940.09 where the offense involved the use of a vehicle, may not be released until 12 hours have elapsed from the time of his or her arrest or unless a chemical test administered under s. 343.305 shows that the person has an alcohol concentration of less than 0.04, but the person may be released to his or her attorney, spouse, relative or other responsible adult at any time after arrest. (2) If the person was issued an out-of-service order under s. 343.305 (7) (b), the person may be released as provided under sub. (1). History:  1971 c. 278; 1977 c. 193; 1981 c. 20; 1985 a. 337; 1987 a. 3; 1989 a. 105; 1995 a. 436; 2009 a. 103.
WI Stat § 345.255 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.255 - Deposit after release.

345.255  Deposit after release. A person arrested under s. 345.22 for the violation of a traffic regulation who is released under s. 345.23 (1) shall be permitted to make a deposit any time prior to the court appearance date. The deposit shall be made in person or by mailing it to the clerk of the court of the county in which the alleged violation occurred.History:  1973 c. 218.
WI Stat § 345.27 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.27 - Information to persons charged.

345.27  Information to persons charged. (1) Whenever a person is charged with a violation of a traffic regulation, the law enforcement officer shall inform the person of the following:(a) That certain convictions may result in revocation or suspension of his or her operating privilege if the conviction will have that effect.(b) That demerit points may be assessed against his or her driving record for the offense. The law enforcement officer may estimate the number of demerit points for the particular offense and list it on the traffic citation form.(c) The number of demerit points that is cause for revocation or suspension. (2) Before taking the plea of a person charged with a violation of law the judge shall inform the violator of the following:(a) That conviction of the charge may result in the revocation or suspension of his or her operating privilege.(b) The number of demerit points that may be assessed against the violator upon conviction of the violation, based on the available information. (3) Whenever a person has been convicted in this state on the basis of a forfeiture of deposit or a plea of guilty or no contest and the person was not informed as required under subs. (1) and (2), the person may, within 60 days after being notified of the revocation or suspension of the operating privilege, petition the court to reopen the judgment and grant him or her an opportunity to defend on the merits. If the court finds that the petitioner was not informed as required under subs. (1) and (2), the court shall order the judgment reopened. The court order reopening the judgment automatically reinstates the revoked or suspended operating privilege.History:  1989 a. 170.
WI Stat § 345.30 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.30 - Jurisdiction.

345.30  Jurisdiction. Jurisdiction over actions for violation of traffic regulations and nonmoving traffic violations is conferred upon circuit courts. Municipal courts shall have jurisdiction over traffic regulations enacted in accordance with s. 349.06 and over actions for violations of nonmoving traffic ordinances enacted in accordance with s. 349.06 or 349.13.History:  1971 c. 278; 1977 c. 449; 1981 c. 165.
WI Stat § 345.31 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.31 - Venue in traffic regulation actions.

345.31  Venue in traffic regulation actions. Section 971.19 on place of trial in criminal actions applies to actions for the violation of traffic regulations and nonmoving traffic violations except that, in the case of a violation of an ordinance of a municipality which is located in more than one county, the action may be brought in any court sitting in that municipality even though in another county. As an alternative, the plaintiff may bring the action in the county where the defendant resides.History:  1971 c. 278; 1981 c. 165.
WI Stat § 345.32 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.32 - Initial appearance before judge.

345.32  Initial appearance before judge. If a defendant is arrested and brought without unreasonable delay before a judge who, or a court which, does not have jurisdiction to try the case, the defendant shall be committed to await trial in a court with jurisdiction and all papers shall be sent forthwith to that court. In lieu of commitment, the judge may release the defendant if the defendant posts bond for the defendant's appearance in such court, or the judge may release the defendant on the defendant's recognizance for such appearance, or the judge may release the defendant without bail. The court to which the case is sent may similarly release the defendant.History:  1971 c. 278; 1991 a. 316.
WI Stat § 345.34 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.34 - Arraignment; pleas.

345.34  Arraignment; pleas. (1) If the defendant appears in response to a citation, or is arrested and brought before a court with jurisdiction to try the case, the defendant shall be informed that he or she is entitled to a jury trial. The defendant may plead guilty, not guilty, or no contest. If the defendant requests a continuance at the initial appearance, the court shall adjourn the arraignment without entering any plea. (2) If the defendant pleads guilty or no contest, the court shall accept the plea, find the defendant guilty and proceed under s. 345.47. (3) If a summons is served or citation is issued by a police officer for a violation of any municipal ordinance or of chs. 194 or 340 to 348 and 350, the defendant may enter a plea of not guilty based on such summons or citation by letter to the judge at the address indicated on the summons or citation, the letter to show the defendant's return address. The letter may include a request for trial during normal daytime business hours. Upon receipt of the letter, the judge shall reply by mail to the defendant's address setting forth a time and place for trial, the time to be during normal business hours if requested by the defendant. The date of the trial shall be at least 10 days from the mailing by the judge. Nothing in this subsection forbids the setting of the trial at any time convenient to all parties concerned.History:  1971 c. 278; 1973 c. 218; 1977 c. 305; 1991 a. 316; 2017 a. 40.Courts may not dismiss traffic complaints on the payment of a penalty and costs, or costs alone. 63 Atty. Gen. 328.
WI Stat § 345.36 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.36 - Not guilty plea; failure to appear.

345.36  Not guilty plea; failure to appear. (1) Except as provided in this subsection, if the defendant pleads not guilty, the court shall set a future date for trial or advise the defendant that notice will later be sent of the date set for trial. If the defendant appears in response to a nonmoving traffic violation under s. 345.28, the court may provide an immediate trial. The court shall release the defendant if he or she posts an appearance bond, or the court may release the defendant on recognizance or without bail. A defendant not so released shall be committed to jail to await trial. (2) If a defendant fails to appear at the date set under sub. (1), the court shall either:(a) Issue a warrant under ch. 968 and, if the defendant has posted bond for appearance at that date, the court may order the bond forfeited; or(b) Deem the nonappearance a plea of no contest and enter judgment accordingly. If the defendant has posted bond for appearance at that date, the court may also order the bond forfeited. The court shall promptly mail a copy of the judgment to the defendant. The judgment shall allow not less than 20 days from the date thereof for payment of any forfeiture, plus costs, fees, and surcharges imposed under ch. 814. If the defendant moves to open the judgment within 20 days after the date set for trial, and shows to the satisfaction of the court that the failure to appear was due to mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect, the court shall open the judgment, reinstate the not guilty plea, and set a new trial date. The court may impose costs under s. 814.07. The court shall immediately notify the department to delete the record of conviction based upon the original judgment. (3) If the offense involved is a nonmoving traffic violation and the defendant is subject to s. 345.28 (5) (c), a default judgment may be entered and opened as provided in s. 345.28 (5) (c).History:  1971 c. 278; 1983 a. 231; 1987 a. 27; 1991 a. 39; 1993 a. 16; 1997 a. 27, 135; 2001 a. 16; 2003 a. 139; 2017 a. 40.
WI Stat § 345.375 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.375 - Judgment against a corporation or limited liability company.

345.375  Judgment against a corporation or limited liability company. (1) If a corporation or limited liability company fails to appear within the time required by the citation, the default of such corporation or limited liability company may be recorded and the charge against it taken as true and judgment shall be rendered accordingly. (2) Upon default of the defendant corporation or limited liability company or upon conviction, judgment for the amount of the forfeiture, plus costs, fees, and surcharges imposed under ch. 814, shall be entered.History:  1973 c. 218; 1977 c. 29; 1987 a. 27; 1989 a. 107; 1993 a. 112; 1997 a. 27; 1999 a. 9; 2001 a. 16; 2003 a. 139.
WI Stat § 345.38 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.38 - Effect of plea of no contest.

345.38  Effect of plea of no contest. The forfeiture of a deposit under s. 345.37 (2) to a charge of violation of a traffic regulation shall not be admissible in evidence as an admission against interest in any action or proceeding arising out of the same occurrence as the charge of violation of a traffic regulation.History:  1971 c. 278; 1989 a. 170.
WI Stat § 345.40 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.40 - Pleading.

345.40  Pleading. A citation which complies with s. 345.11 or a complaint which complies with the appropriate provisions of ch. 968 may be used as the initial pleading, or the municipal judge, clerk or a deputy of the clerk may enter upon the records of the court a statement of the offense charged, which shall stand as a complaint, unless the court directs that formal complaint be made. Several counts may be joined in one complaint or a separate complaint may be prepared for each separate violation. The defendant's plea shall be guilty, no contest or not guilty and shall be entered as not guilty upon failure to plead. A plea of not guilty shall put all matters in such case at issue.History:  1971 c. 278; 1985 a. 332.
WI Stat § 345.41 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.41 - Motion to dismiss.

345.41  Motion to dismiss. Defenses which could be taken by pleas in abatement, in bar, demurrers and motions to quash shall be raised by motion to dismiss, which motion shall be made before any trial on the merits, or be waived.History:  1971 c. 278.
WI Stat § 345.42 (2021)
2021 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations|Chapter 345 - Vehicles — civil and criminal liability.|345.42 - Preliminary proceedings.

345.42  Preliminary proceedings. (1) In civil actions under this chapter, oral argument permitted on motions under s. 345.41 or 345.421 may be heard by telephone under s. 807.13 (1). Any pretrial or scheduling conference may be conducted by telephone under s. 807.13 (3) and any pretrial conference may be conducted on the trial date. (2) There shall be no preliminary examination.History:  1971 c. 278; Sup. Ct. Order, 141 Wis. 2d xiii (1987).Summary judgment procedure is inconsistent with, and unworkable in, ch. 345 forfeiture proceedings. State v. Schneck, 2002 WI App 239, 257 Wis. 2d 704, 652 N.W.2d 434, 02-0513.