reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 20-88.93 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.93. Modification of Convention child support order

A. A tribunal of the Commonwealth may not modify a Convention child support order if the obligee remains a resident of the foreign country where the support order was issued unless:1. The obligee submits to the jurisdiction of a tribunal of the Commonwealth, either expressly or by defending on the merits of the case without objecting to the jurisdiction at the first available opportunity; or2. The foreign tribunal lacks or refuses to exercise jurisdiction to modify its support order or issue a new support order.B. If a tribunal of the Commonwealth does not modify a Convention child support order because the order is not recognized in the Commonwealth, subsection C of § 20-88.90 applies.2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.94 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.94. Personal information; limit on use

Personal information gathered or transmitted under this article may be used only for the purposes for which it was gathered or transmitted.2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-88.95 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 5.3 - Uniform Interstate Family Support Act|§ 20-88.95. Record in original language; English translation

A record filed with a tribunal of the Commonwealth under this article must be in the original language and, if not in English, must be accompanied by an English translation.2015, c. 727.
VA Code § 20-89.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-89.1. Suit to annul marriage

A. When a marriage is alleged to be void or voidable for any of the causes mentioned in § 20-13, 20-38.1, or 20-45.1 or by virtue of fraud or duress, either party may institute a suit for annulling the same; and upon proof of the nullity of the marriage, it shall be decreed void by a decree of annulment.B. In the case of natural or incurable impotency of body existing at the time of entering into the marriage contract, or when, prior to the marriage, either party, without the knowledge of the other, had been convicted of a felony, or when, at the time of the marriage, either spouse, without the knowledge of the other spouse, was with child by a person other than the other spouse or had conceived a child born to a person other than the other spouse within 10 months after the date of the solemnization of the marriage, or where, prior to the marriage, either party had been, without the knowledge of the other, a prostitute, a decree of annulment may be entered upon proof, on complaint of the party aggrieved.C. No annulment for a marriage alleged to be void or voidable under subsection B of § 20-45.1 or subsection B of this section or by virtue of fraud or duress shall be decreed if it appears that the party applying for such annulment has cohabited with the other after knowledge of the facts giving rise to what otherwise would have been grounds for annulment, and in no event shall any such decree be entered if the parties had been married for a period of two years prior to the institution of such suit for annulment.D. A party who, at the time of such marriage as is mentioned in § 20-48, was capable of consenting with a party not so capable shall not be permitted to institute a suit for the purpose of annulling such marriage.1975, c. 644; 1976, c. 356; 2016, cc. 457, 543; 2020, c. 900.
VA Code § 20-90 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-90. Suit to affirm marriage

A. When the validity of any marriage shall be denied or doubted by either of the parties, the other party may institute a suit for affirmance of the marriage, and upon due proof of the validity thereof, it shall be decreed to be valid, and such decree shall be conclusive upon all persons concerned.B. Notwithstanding § 20-13, a marriage of a couple where one of the parties was under the age of 18 at the time of solemnization may be decreed valid upon petition by the party who was under the age of 18 at the time of the solemnization that would otherwise be deemed voidable under subsection C of § 20-45.1 solely because of age, once such party has attained the age of 18. If both parties were under the age of 18 at the time of solemnization, such petition shall not be granted unless both parties have reached the age of 18 and join in the petition together.Code 1919, § 5102; 2016, cc. 457, 543.
VA Code § 20-93 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-93. Insanity of guilty party after commencement of desertion no defense

When the suit is for divorce from the bond of matrimony for willful desertion or abandonment, it shall be no defense that the guilty party has, since the commencement of such desertion, and within one year thereafter, become and has been adjudged insane, but at the expiration of one year from the commencement of such desertion the ground for divorce shall be deemed to be complete, and the committee of the insane defendant, if there be one, shall be made a party to the cause, or if there be no committee, then the court shall appoint a guardian ad litem to represent the insane defendant. This section shall apply whether the desertion or abandonment commenced heretofore or shall commence hereafter.Code 1919, § 5103; 1926, p. 869; 1934, p. 20; 1954, c. 389; 1975, c. 644.
VA Code § 20-94 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-94. Effect of cohabitation after knowledge of adultery, sodomy or buggery; lapse of five years

When the suit is for divorce for adultery, sodomy, or buggery, the divorce shall not be granted, if it appear that the parties voluntarily cohabited after the knowledge of the fact of adultery, sodomy or buggery, or that it occurred more than five years before the institution of the suit, or that it was committed by the procurement or connivance of the party alleging such act.Code 1919, § 5110; 1975, c. 644.
VA Code § 20-95 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-95. Grounds for divorces from bed and board

A divorce from bed and board may be decreed for cruelty, reasonable apprehension of bodily hurt, willful desertion or abandonment.Code 1919, § 5104; 1975, c. 644.
VA Code § 20-96 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-96. Jurisdiction of suits for annulment, affirmance or divorce

The circuit court shall have jurisdiction of suits for annulling or affirming marriage and for divorces, and claims for separate maintenance, and such suits shall be heard by the judge as equitable claims.Code 1919, § 5105; 1922, p. 589; 1966, c. 449; 1975, c. 644; 1977, c. 624; 1979, c. 488; 1987, c. 171; 1989, c. 556; 2005, c. 681.
VA Code § 20-97 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-97. Domicile and residential requirements for suits for annulment, affirmance, or divorce

No suit for annulling a marriage or for divorce shall be maintainable, unless one of the parties was at the time of the filing of the suit and had been for at least six months preceding the filing of the suit an actual bona fide resident and domiciliary of the Commonwealth, nor shall any suit for affirming a marriage be maintainable, unless one of the parties be domiciled in, and is and has been an actual bona fide resident of, the Commonwealth at the time of filing such suit.For the purposes of this section only:1. If a member of the Armed Forces of the United States has been stationed or resided in the Commonwealth and has lived for a period of six months or more in the Commonwealth next preceding the filing of the suit, then such person shall be presumed to be domiciled in and to have been a bona fide resident of the Commonwealth during such period of time.2. Being stationed or residing in the Commonwealth includes, but is not limited to, a member of the armed forces being stationed or residing upon a ship having its home port in the Commonwealth or at an air, naval, or military base located within the Commonwealth over which the United States enjoys exclusive federal jurisdiction.3. Any member of the Armed Forces of the United States or any civilian employee of the United States, including any foreign service officer, who (i) at the time the suit is filed is, or immediately preceding such suit was, stationed in any territory or foreign country and (ii) was domiciled in the Commonwealth for the six-month period immediately preceding his being stationed in such territory or country shall be deemed to have been domiciled in and to have been a bona fide resident of the Commonwealth during the six months preceding the filing of a suit for annulment or divorce.4. Upon separation of a married couple, either spouse may establish his own and separate domicile, though the separation may have been caused under such circumstances as would entitle such spouse to a divorce or annulment.Code 1919, § 5105; 1922, p. 589; 1958, c. 169; 1968, c. 455; 1974, c. 278; 1978, c. 412; 1985, c. 304; 1987, c. 35; 1988, c. 448; 1991, c. 259; 2009, c. 582; 2015, c. 315; 2017, c. 480; 2020, c. 900.
VA Code § 20-99 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-99. How such suits instituted and conducted; costs

Such suit shall be instituted and conducted as other suits in equity, except as otherwise provided in this section:1. Except for a divorce granted on the grounds set forth in subdivision A (9) of § 20-91, no divorce, annulment, or affirmation of a marriage shall be granted on the uncorroborated testimony of the parties or either of them.2. Whether the defendant answers or not, the cause shall be heard independently of the admissions of either party in the pleadings or otherwise.3. Process or notice in such proceedings shall be served in the Commonwealth by any of the methods prescribed in § 8.01-296 by any person authorized to serve process under § 8.01-293. Service may be made on a nonresident by any of the methods prescribed in § 8.01-296 by any person authorized to serve process under § 8.01-320.4. In cases where such suits have been commenced and an appearance has been made on behalf of the defendant by counsel, then notices to take depositions and of hearings, motions, and other proceedings except contempt proceedings, may be served by delivering or mailing a copy to counsel for opposing party, the foot of such notices bearing either acceptance of service or a certificate of counsel in compliance with the Rules of Supreme Court of Virginia. "Counsel for opposing party" shall include a pro se party who (i) has entered a general appearance in person or by filing a pleading or endorsing an order of withdrawal of that party's counsel or (ii) has signed a pleading in the case or who has notified the other parties and the clerk that he appears in the case.5. In cases where such suits have been commenced, the defendant has been served pursuant to the provisions of subdivision 1 of § 8.01-296, and the defendant has failed to file an answer to the suit or otherwise appear within the time allowed by law, no further notice to take depositions or conduct an ore tenus hearing is required to be served on the defendant and the court may enter any order or final decree without further notice to the defendant.6. Costs may be awarded to either party as equity and justice may require.Code 1919, § 5106; 1920, p. 503; 1928, p. 535; 1938, p. 202; 1968, c. 484; 1975, c. 644; 1977, c. 60; 1984, cc. 609, 616; 1987, c. 594; 1991, c. 244; 1992, c. 563; 2012, cc. 78, 84; 2013, cc. 81, 100; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 194.
VA Code § 20-99.1:1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-99.1:1. How defendant may accept service; waive service

A. A defendant in such suits may accept service of process by signing the proof of service before any officer authorized to administer oaths. This proof of service shall, when filed with the papers in the suit, have the same effect as if it had been served upon the defendant by a person authorized to serve process. In addition, service of process may be accepted or waived by any party, upon voluntary execution of a notarized writing specifying an intent to accept or waive any particular process, or by a defendant by filing an answer in the suit. Such notarized writing may be provided in the clerk's office of any circuit court and may be signed by such party to the proceedings before any clerk or deputy clerk of any circuit court, under oath, or may be drafted and filed by counsel or a pro se party in the proceeding, and shall, when filed with the papers in the suit, have the same effect as if the process specified had been personally served upon the defendant by a person authorized to serve process. For a suit for a no-fault divorce under subdivision A (9) of § 20-91, any such waiver may occur within a reasonable time prior to or after the suit is filed, provided that a copy of the complaint is attached to such waiver, or is otherwise provided to the defendant, and the final decree of divorce as proposed by the complainant is signed by the defendant. The court may enter any order or decree without further notice unless a defendant has filed an answer in the suit.B. When service is accepted pursuant to this section by a nonresident person out of the Commonwealth, such service shall have the same effect as an order of publication duly executed.C. Any process served outside the Commonwealth executed in such manner as provided for in this section is validated.1988, c. 583; 1989, c. 562; 1992, c. 563; 2019, cc. 133, 237.
VA Code § 20-99.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-99.2. Service in divorce and annulment cases

A. In any suit for divorce or annulment or affirmation of a marriage, process may be served in any manner authorized under § 8.01-296 or 8.01-320.B. Any such process served prior to July 1, 1984, shall not be invalidated solely because service was made as prescribed under § 8.01-296.1984, c. 611; 2012, cc. 78, 84.
VA Code § 20-102 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-102. When not necessary to allege or prove offer of reconciliation

It shall not be necessary, in any suit for divorce from the bond of matrimony or from bed and board upon the ground of willful desertion or abandonment, to allege or prove an offer of reconciliation.1938, p. 382; Michie Code 1942, § 5106a; 1975, c. 644.
VA Code § 20-104 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-104. Order of publication against nonresident defendant

In any suit for annulment, for divorce, either a vinculo matrimonii or a mensa et thoro, or for affirmance of a marriage, an affidavit shall be filed that the defendant is not a resident of the Commonwealth of Virginia, or that diligence has been used by or on behalf of the plaintiff to ascertain in what county or city such defendant is, without effect, an order of publication shall be entered against such defendant by the court, or by the clerk of the court wherein such suit is pending, either in term time or vacation, which order shall state the object of the suit and the grounds thereof, and the order of publication shall be published as required by law. If the plaintiff in the suit has been determined to be indigent by the court pursuant to § 19.2-159, the order stating the object of the suit and the grounds thereof shall be mailed to the defendant at his last known address and posted on the main entrance to the circuit courthouse of the city or county wherein the suit is filed, and no order of publication shall be required. No depositions in the suit shall be commenced until at least 10 days shall have elapsed after the order has been duly published or mailed and posted as required by law.All annulments or divorces heretofore granted in suits in which the defendant was proceeded against by an order of publication or of mailing and posting which required the defendant to appear within 10 days after due publication or mailing and posting thereof, and in which depositions were taken less than 15 days, but not less than 10 days, after such due publication or mailing and posting and in suits in which the defendant was proceeded against by an order of publication or of mailing and posting issued on an affidavit that diligence had been used by or on behalf of the plaintiff to ascertain in what county or city such defendant was, without effect, or wherein the order of publication or of mailing and posting was entered by the court, are hereby validated and declared to be binding upon the parties to such suit, when the other proceedings therein were regular and the annulment or divorce otherwise valid.The cost of such publication or of such mailing and posting shall be paid by the petitioner or applicant.Code 1919, § 5108; 1938, p. 111; 1940, p. 642; 1942, p. 202; 1950, p. 72; 1975, c. 644; 1996, c. 352; 2008, c. 699.
VA Code § 20-104.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-104.1. Orders of publication may be combined

Orders of publication as provided for in § 20-104 in any two or more suits for annulment or divorce may be combined into a single order to be published as required by law; provided that, at such time as the clerk may direct the plaintiff in each case shall pay to the clerk a pro rata share of the expense of such publication. Payments made by any plaintiff shall be subject to the provisions of § 20-99 as to costs.1974, c. 581.
VA Code § 20-105 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-105. Permissible form for orders of publication

Any orders of publication under the provisions of § 20-104 may be substantially in the form following:Virginia: In the _______________ Court of _______________,__________, 20_____(Here set forth Style of Cause)The object of this suit is to obtain (an annulment of marriage) (a divorce from bed and board) (a divorce from the bond of matrimony) from the defendant on the ground of _______________,(here set forth grounds)________________________________________(here set forth other relief prayed for, if any)________________________________________(here set forth the styles and objects of the suits for divorce or annulment combined)It appearing from an affidavit (that the defendant(s) is not a resident (are not residents) of this Commonwealth,) (or) (that diligence has been used by or on behalf of plaintiff(s) to ascertain in what county or city the defendant(s) is (are), without effect,) it is ordered that the defendant appear before this court (within ten days after due publication of this notice) (before _______________, 20_____) and protect (his) (her) (their) interests herein.An Extract-Teste:_______________ p.q.______________________________ (Clerk)1946, p. 272; Michie Suppl. 1946, § 5108a; 1974, c. 581.
VA Code § 20-105.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-105.1. Alternative procedures

The provisions of Title 8.01 for orders of publication shall be construed as alternatives to the procedures set forth in §§ 20-104 through 20-105 and not in conflict therewith.1978, c. 46.
VA Code § 20-107.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-107.2. Court may decree as to custody and support of children

Upon entry of a decree providing (i) for the dissolution of a marriage, (ii) for a divorce, whether from the bond of matrimony or from bed and board, (iii) that neither party is entitled to a divorce, or (iv) for separate maintenance, the court may make such further decree as it shall deem expedient concerning the (a) custody or visitation and support of the minor children of the parties as provided in Chapter 6.1 (§ 20-124.1 et seq.) or (b) support of a child over the age of 18 who meets the requirements set forth in subsection C of § 20-124.2, including an order that either party or both parties provide health care coverage or cash medical support, or both.1982, c. 309; 1984, c. 651; 1986, c. 421; 1987, c. 597; 1988, cc. 794, 887; 1989, c. 740; 1991, cc. 60, 545, 588; 1992, cc. 585, 716, 742; 1993, cc. 573, 599, 633; 1994, cc. 719, 769; 1996, c. 331; 2009, c. 713; 2015, cc. 653, 654.
VA Code § 20-108 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 20 - Domestic Relations|Chapter 6 - Divorce, Affirmation and Annulment|§ 20-108. Revision and alteration of such decrees

The court may, from time to time after decreeing as provided in § 20-107.2, on petition of either of the parents, or on its own motion or upon petition of any probation officer or the Department of Social Services, which petition shall set forth the reasons for the relief sought, revise and alter such decree concerning the care, custody, and maintenance of the children and make a new decree concerning the same, as the circumstances of the parents and the benefit of the children may require. The intentional withholding of visitation of a child from the other parent without just cause may constitute a material change of circumstances justifying a change of custody in the discretion of the court.No support order may be retroactively modified, but may be modified with respect to any period during which there is a pending petition for modification in any court, but only from the date that notice of such petition has been given to the responding party.Any member of the United States Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, National Guard, or any other reserve component thereof, who files a petition or is a party to a petition requesting the adjudication of the custody, visitation or support of a child based on a change of circumstances due to one of the parent's deployment, as that term is defined in § 20-124.7, shall be entitled to have such a petition expedited on the docket of the court.Code 1919, § 5111; 1926, p. 105; 1927, p. 184; 1934, p. 515; 1938, p. 784; 1944, p. 397; 1948, p. 593; 1986, c. 537; 1987, c. 649; 1991, c. 438; 2002, c. 747; 2004, c. 204; 2006, c. 371; 2011, c. 351.