reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
13 PA Cons Stat § 4105 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4105 - "Bank"; "depositary bank"; "intermediary bank"; "collecting bank"; "payor bank"; "presenting bank."

§ 4105. "Bank"; "depositary bank"; "intermediary bank";  "collecting bank"; "payor bank"; "presenting bank." The following words and phrases when used in this division shall have the meanings given to them in this section: "Bank." A person engaged in the business of banking, including a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union or trust company. "Collecting bank." A bank handling an item for collection except the payor bank. "Depositary bank." The first bank to take an item even though it is also the payor bank unless the item is presented for immediate payment over the counter. "Intermediary bank." A bank to which an item is transferred in course of collection except the depositary or payor bank. "Payor bank." A bank that is the drawee of a draft. "Presenting bank." A bank presenting an item except a payor bank. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year; June 8, 2001, P.L.123, No.18, eff. July 1, 2001)  2001 Amendment. Act 18 amended the intro. par.  Cross References. Section 4105 is referred to in sections 3103, 4104 of this title.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4106 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4106 - Payable through or payable at bank; collecting bank

§ 4106. Payable through or payable at bank; collecting bank.  (a) "Payable through" a bank.--If an item states that it is "payable through" a bank identified in the item, the item designates the bank as a collecting bank and does not by itself authorize the bank to pay the item, and the item may be presented for payment only by or through the bank.  (b) "Payable at" a bank.--If an item states that it is "payable at" a bank identified in the item, the item is equivalent to a draft drawn on the bank.  (c) Draft names nonbank drawee.--If a draft names a nonbank drawee and it is unclear whether a bank named in the draft is a co-drawee or a collecting bank, the bank is a collecting bank. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 added present section 4106 and renumbered former section 4106 to present section 4107.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4107 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4107 - Separate office of a bank

§ 4107. Separate office of a bank. A branch or separate office of a bank is a separate bank for the purpose of computing the time within which and determining the place at or to which action may be taken or notices or orders must be given under this division and under Division 3 (relating to negotiable instruments). (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 amended and renumbered former section 4106 to present section 4107 and renumbered former section 4107 to present section 4108.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4108 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4108 - Time of receipt of items

§ 4108. Time of receipt of items.  (a) Cutoff hour for handling and book entries.--For the purpose of allowing time to process items, prove balances and make the necessary entries on its books to determine its position for the day, a bank may fix an afternoon hour of 2 p.m. or later as a cutoff hour for the handling of money and items and the making of entries on its books.  (b) Items or deposits received after cutoff hour.--An item or deposit of money received on any day after a cutoff hour so fixed or after the close of the banking day may be treated as being received at the opening of the next banking day. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 amended and renumbered former section 4107 to present section 4108 and renumbered former section 4108 to present section 4109.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4109 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4109 - Delays

§ 4109. Delays.  (a) Two-banking-day delay permitted in effort to secure payment.--Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank in a good faith effort to secure payment of a specified item drawn on a payor other than a bank, and with or without the approval of any person involved, may waive, modify or extend time limits imposed or permitted by this title for a period not exceeding two additional banking days without discharge of drawers or indorsers or liability to its transferor or a prior party.  (b) Delay excused by conditions beyond control of bank.-- Delay by a collecting bank or payor bank beyond time limits prescribed or permitted by this title or by instructions is excused if the delay is caused by interruption of communication or computer facilities, suspension of payments by another bank, war, emergency conditions, failure of equipment or other circumstances beyond the control of the bank and the bank exercises such diligence as the circumstances require. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 amended and renumbered former section 4108 to present section 4109 and deleted by amendment former section 4109.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4110 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4110 - Electronic presentment

§ 4110. Electronic presentment.  (a) Definition of "agreement for electronic presentment".-- "Agreement for electronic presentment" means an agreement, clearinghouse rule or Federal Reserve regulation or operating circular, providing that presentment of an item may be made by transmission of an image of an item or information describing the item ("presentment notice") rather than delivery of the item itself. The agreement may provide for procedures governing retention, presentment, payment, dishonor and other matters concerning items subject to the agreement.  (b) When presentment made.--Presentment of an item pursuant to an agreement for presentment is made when the presentment notice is received.  (c) Presentment by presentment notice.--If presentment is made by presentment notice, a reference to "item" or "check" in this division means the presentment notice unless the context otherwise indicates. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 added section 4110.  Cross References. Section 4110 is referred to in section 4104 of this title.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4111 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 41 - General Provisions and Definitions|Section 4111 - Statute of limitations

§ 4111. Statute of limitations. An action to enforce an obligation, duty or right arising under this division must be commenced within three years after the cause of action accrues. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 added section 4111.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4201 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4201 - Status of collecting bank as agent and provisional status of credits; applicability of division; item indorsed "pay any bank."

 § 4201. Status of collecting bank as agent and provisional status of credits; applicability of division; item indorsed "pay any bank."   (a) Agency status of bank and provisional status of settlement.--Unless a contrary intent clearly appears and before the time that a settlement given by a collecting bank for an item is or becomes final, the bank, with respect to the item, is an agent or sub-agent of the owner of the item and any settlement given for the item is provisional. This provision applies regardless of the form of indorsement or lack of indorsement and even though credit given for the item is subject to immediate withdrawal as of right or is in fact withdrawn; but the continuance of ownership of an item by its owner and any rights of the owner to proceeds of the item are subject to rights of a collecting bank, such as those resulting from outstanding advances on the item and rights of recoupment or setoff. If an item is handled by banks for purposes of presentment, payment, collection or return, the relevant provisions of this division apply even though action of the parties clearly establishes that a particular bank has purchased the item and is the owner of it.  (b) Effect of "pay any bank" indorsement.--After an item has been indorsed with the words "pay any bank" or the like, only a bank may acquire the rights of a holder until the item has been: (1) returned to the customer initiating collection; or (2) specially indorsed by a bank to a person who is not a bank.  (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)    Cross References. Section 4201 is referred to in section 3206 of this title.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4202 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4202 - Responsibility for collection or return; when action timely

§ 4202. Responsibility for collection or return; when action  timely.  (a) When collecting bank must exercise ordinary care.--A collecting bank must exercise ordinary care in:  (1) presenting an item or sending it for presentment;  (2) sending notice of dishonor or nonpayment or returning an item other than a documentary draft to the transferor of the bank after learning that the item has not been paid or accepted, as the case may be;  (3) settling for an item when the bank receives final settlement; and  (4) notifying its transferor of any loss or delay in transit within a reasonable time after discovery thereof.  (b) Exercise of ordinary care.--A collecting bank exercises ordinary care under subsection (a) by taking proper action before its midnight deadline following receipt of an item, notice or settlement. Taking proper action within a reasonably longer time may constitute the exercise of ordinary care, but the bank has the burden of establishing timeliness.  (c) Nonliability of bank for action of others.--Subject to subsection (a)(1), a bank is not liable for the insolvency, neglect, misconduct, mistake or default of another bank or person or for loss or destruction of an item in the possession of others or in transit. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)
13 PA Cons Stat § 4203 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4203 - Effect of instructions

§ 4203. Effect of instructions. Subject to Division 3 (relating to negotiable instruments) concerning conversion of instruments (section 3420) and restrictive indorsements (section 3206), only a collecting bank's transferor can give instructions that affect the bank or constitute notice to it, and a collecting bank is not liable to prior parties for any action taken pursuant to the instructions or in accordance with any agreement with its transferor. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)
13 PA Cons Stat § 4204 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4204 - Methods of sending and presenting; sending directly to payor bank

§ 4204. Methods of sending and presenting; sending directly to  payor bank.  (a) Collecting bank to send items by reasonably prompt method.--A collecting bank shall send items by a reasonably prompt method, taking into consideration relevant instructions, the nature of the item, the number of those items on hand, the cost of collection involved and the method generally used by it or others to present those items.  (b) Persons to whom bank may send items.--A collecting bank may send:  (1) an item directly to the payor bank;  (2) an item to a nonbank payor if authorized by its transferor; and  (3) an item other than documentary drafts to a nonbank payor, if authorized by Federal Reserve regulation or operating circular, clearinghouse rule or the like.  (c) Presentment where payor has requested.--Presentment may be made by a presenting bank at a place where the payor bank or other payor has requested that presentment be made. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)
13 PA Cons Stat § 4205 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4205 - Depositary bank holder of unindorsed item

§ 4205. Depositary bank holder of unindorsed item. If a customer delivers an item to a depositary bank for collection:  (1) the depositary bank becomes a holder of the item at the time it receives the item for collection if the customer at the time of delivery was a holder of the item, whether or not the customer indorses the item, and, if the bank satisfies the other requirements of section 3302 (relating to holder in due course), it is a holder in due course; and  (2) the depositary bank warrants to collecting banks, the payor bank or other payor, and the drawer that the amount of the item was paid to the customer or deposited to the customer's account. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)
13 PA Cons Stat § 4206 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4206 - Transfer between banks

§ 4206. Transfer between banks. Any agreed method that identifies the transferor bank is sufficient for the further transfer of the item to another bank. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)
13 PA Cons Stat § 4207 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4207 - Transfer warranties

§ 4207. Transfer warranties.  (a) General rule.--A customer or collecting bank that transfers an item and receives a settlement or other consideration warrants to the transferee and to any subsequent collecting bank that:  (1) the warrantor is a person entitled to enforce the item;  (2) all signatures on the item are authentic and authorized;  (3) the item has not been altered;  (4) the item is not subject to a defense or claim in recoupment (section 3305(a)) of any party that can be asserted against the warrantor; and  (5) the warrantor has no knowledge of any insolvency proceeding commenced with respect to the maker or acceptor or, in the case of an unaccepted draft, the drawer.  (b) Effect of dishonor.--If an item is dishonored, a customer or collecting bank transferring the item and receiving settlement or other consideration is obliged to pay the amount due on the item according to the terms of the item at the time it was transferred or, if the transfer was of an incomplete item, according to its terms when completed as stated in sections 3115 (relating to incomplete instrument) and 3407 (relating to alteration). The obligation of a transferor is owed to the transferee and to any subsequent collecting bank that takes the item in good faith. A transferor cannot disclaim its obligation under this subsection by an indorsement stating that it is made "without recourse" or otherwise disclaiming liability.  (c) Measure of damages for breach of warranty.--A person to whom the warranties under subsection (a) are made and who took the item in good faith may recover from the warrantor as damages for breach of warranty an amount equal to the loss suffered as a result of the breach, but not more than the amount of the item plus expenses and loss of interest incurred as a result of the breach.  (d) Prohibition against certain disclaimers and discharge.-- The warranties stated in subsection (a) cannot be disclaimed with respect to checks. Unless notice of a claim for breach of warranty is given to the warrantor within 30 days after the claimant has reason to know of the breach and the identity of the warrantor, the warrantor is discharged to the extent of any loss caused by the delay in giving notice of the claim.  (e) Cause of action.--A cause of action for breach of warranty under this section accrues when the claimant has reason to know of the breach. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)
13 PA Cons Stat § 4209 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4209 - Encoding and retention warranties

§ 4209. Encoding and retention warranties.  (a) Encoding warranty.--A person who encodes information on or with respect to an item after issue warrants to any subsequent collecting bank and to the payor bank or other payor that the information is correctly encoded. If the customer of a depositary bank encodes, that bank also makes the warranty.  (b) Retention warranty.--A person who undertakes to retain an item pursuant to an agreement for electronic presentment warrants to any subsequent collecting bank and to the payor bank or other payor that retention and presentment of the item comply with the agreement. If a customer of a depositary bank undertakes to retain an item, that bank also makes this warranty.  (c) Measure of damages for breach of warranty.--A person to whom warranties are made under this section and who took the item in good faith may recover from the warrantor as damages for breach of warranty an amount equal to the loss suffered as a result of the breach, plus expenses and loss of interest incurred as a result of the breach. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 added present section 4209 and renumbered former section 4209 to present section 4211.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4210 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4210 - Security interest of collecting bank in items, accompanying documents and proceeds

§ 4210. Security interest of collecting bank in items,  accompanying documents and proceeds.  (a) General rule.--A collecting bank has a security interest in an item and any accompanying documents or the proceeds of either:  (1) in case of an item deposited in an account, to the extent to which credit given for the item has been withdrawn or applied;  (2) in case of an item for which it has given credit available for withdrawal as of right, to the extent of the credit given, whether or not the credit is drawn upon or there is a right of charge-back; or  (3) if it makes an advance on or against the item.  (b) Partial withdrawal of credit given for several items.-- If credit given for several items received at one time or pursuant to a single agreement is withdrawn or applied in part, the security interest remains upon all the items, any accompanying documents or the proceeds of either. For the purpose of this section, credits first given are first withdrawn.  (c) Satisfaction and continuation of security interest.-- Receipt by a collecting bank of a final settlement for an item is a realization on its security interest in the item, accompanying documents and proceeds. So long as the bank does not receive final settlement for the item or give up possession of the item or possession or control of the accompanying documents for purposes other than collection, the security interest continues to that extent and is subject to Division 9 (relating to secured transactions), but:  (1) no security agreement is necessary to make the security interest enforceable (section 9203(b)(3)(i)  (relating to attachment and enforceability of security interest; proceeds; supporting obligations; formal requisites));  (2) no filing is required to perfect the security interest; and  (3) the security interest has priority over conflicting perfected security interests in the item, accompanying documents or proceeds. (Nov. 26, 1982, P.L.696, No.201, eff. 180 days; July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year; June 8, 2001, P.L.123, No.18, eff. July 1, 2001; Apr. 16, 2008, P.L.57, No.13, eff. 60 days)  2008 Amendment. Act 13 amended subsec. (c) intro. par.  2001 Amendment. Act 18 amended subsec. (c).  1992 Amendment. Act 97 amended and renumbered section 4208 to section 4210 and renumbered section 4210 to section 4212.  Cross References. Section 4210 is referred to in sections 9102, 9109, 9203, 9309, 9322 of this title.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4211 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4211 - When bank gives value for purposes of holder in due course

§ 4211. When bank gives value for purposes of holder in due  course. For purposes of determining its status as a holder in due course, a bank has given value to the extent it has a security interest in an item, if the bank otherwise complies with the requirements of section 3302 (relating to holder in due course). (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 deleted section 4211 by amendment and renumbered section 4209 to section 4211.  Cross References. Section 4211 is referred to in section 5102 of this title.
13 PA Cons Stat § 4212 (2021)
2021 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes|Title 13 - COMMERCIAL CODE|Chapter 42 - Collection of Items: Depositary and Collecting Banks|Section 4212 - Presentment by notice of item not payable by, through or at a bank; liability of drawer or indorser

§ 4212. Presentment by notice of item not payable by, through  or at a bank; liability of drawer or indorser.  (a) Presentment by notice.--Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank may present an item not payable by, through or at a bank by sending to the party to accept or pay a written notice that the bank holds the item for acceptance or payment. The notice must be sent in time to be received on or before the day when presentment is due and the bank must meet any requirement of the party to accept or pay under section 3501 (relating to presentment) by the close of the next banking day of the bank after it knows of the requirement.  (b) Dishonor and notice to drawer or indorser.--If presentment is made by notice and payment, acceptance or request for compliance with a requirement under section 3501 is not received by the close of business on the day after maturity or, in the case of demand items, by the close of business on the third banking day after notice was sent, the presenting bank may treat the item as dishonored and charge any drawer or indorser by sending it notice of the facts. (July 9, 1992, P.L.507, No.97, eff. one year)  1992 Amendment. Act 97 amended and renumbered former section 4210 to present section 4212 and renumbered former section 4212 to present section 4214.