reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 64.2-520.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-520.1. Action for damages from legal malpractice concerning estate planning

A. An action for damages to an individual or an individual's estate, including future tax liability, resulting from legal malpractice concerning the individual's estate planning, including the provision of legal advice or the preparation of legal documents, regardless of when executed, shall accrue upon completion of the representation during which the malpractice occurred.B. Notwithstanding § 55.1-119, but subject to any written agreement between the individual and the defendant that expressly grants standing to a person who is not a party to the representation by specific reference to this subsection, the action may be maintained only by the individual or by the individual's personal representative.C. An action for damages pursuant to this section in which a written contract for legal services existed between the individual and the defendant shall be brought within five years after the cause of action accrues as provided in this section. An action for damages pursuant to this section in which an unwritten contract for legal services existed between the individual and the defendant shall be brought within three years after the cause of action accrues as provided in this section.D. Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, no such action shall be based upon damages that may reasonably be avoided or that result from a change of law subsequent to the representation upon which the action is based.E. Any action pursuant to this section shall survive pursuant to § 8.01-25.2017, cc. 43, 93.
VA Code § 64.2-520.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-520.2. Reliance on certificate of qualification of a personal representative

A. Any individual or entity conducting business in good faith with a personal representative who presents a currently effective certificate of qualification may presume that the personal representative is properly authorized to act as to any matter or transaction. A person that refuses in violation of this section to accept a certificate of qualification is subject to (i) a court order mandating acceptance of the certificate of qualification and (ii) liability for reasonable attorney fees and costs incurred in any action or proceeding that confirms the validity of the certificate of qualification or mandates acceptance of the certificate of qualification.B. A person shall either accept or reject a certificate of qualification no later than seven business days after presentation of such certificate of qualification for acceptance. A person is not required to accept a certificate of qualification for a transaction if:1. Engaging in the transaction with the personal representative would be inconsistent with state or federal law;2. The person has actual knowledge of the termination of the personal representative's authority or of the certificate of qualification before exercise of the power;3. The person in good faith believes that the certificate of qualification is not valid or that the personal representative does not have the authority to perform the act requested; or4. The person believes in good faith that the transaction may involve, facilitate, result in, or contribute to financial exploitation.2020, c. 702.
VA Code § 64.2-521 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-521. Personal representatives to sell real estate devised to be sold, and to receive certain rents

A. If the will devises real estate to be sold and no person other than the executor is appointed to sell such real estate, the executor has the power to sell and convey such real estate and to receive the proceeds of sale or the rents and profits of any real estate that the executors are authorized by the will to receive.B. Unless a contrary intent is clearly set out in the will, if no executor qualifies, or those qualifying die, resign, or are removed, an administrator with the will annexed has the power to sell or convey the real estate devised by the will to be sold and to receive the proceeds of sale or the rents and profits of any real estate.Code 1950, §§ 64-136, 64-137; 1968, c. 656, §§ 64.1-146, 64.1-147; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-522 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-522. Personal representatives to pay over sale proceeds and rents to persons entitled

An executor or administrator shall faithfully pay the rents and profits or proceeds of sale of real estate that lawfully come into his possession, or into the possession of any person for him, to such persons entitled thereto.Code 1950, § 64-141; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-151; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-523 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-523. Personal representative may execute deed pursuant to written contract of decedent

When any decedent has executed and delivered a bona fide written contract of sale, purchase option, or other agreement binding such deceased person, his heirs, personal representatives, or assigns, to convey any real property or any interest therein, his personal representatives may execute a deed and do all things necessary to effect the transfer of title to such real property or any interest therein to the purchaser upon the purchaser's full compliance with the terms and conditions of such contract, option, or agreement. Such transfer shall be as effective as if it had been made by the decedent. The contract, option, or agreement shall be attached to any deed executed by a personal representative pursuant to this section and the clerk shall record such contract, option, or agreement in the deed book. Any personal representative duly qualified in any other state, upon taking an oath that the decedent owed no debts in the Commonwealth and posting bond upon such terms and in such amount as may be fixed by the clerk, but not less than the value of the decedent's interest to be conveyed, may convey real property or any interest therein under the provisions of this section without qualifying in the Commonwealth.Code 1950, § 64-138; 1958, c. 416; 1966, c. 346; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-148; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-524 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-524. Validation of certain conveyances by foreign executor

A. Every conveyance of real estate within the Commonwealth made prior to June 30, 1986, by the executor under a will that, prior to such sale, has been probated according to the laws of another state without the qualification of the executor in the Commonwealth, shall be as valid and effective to pass the title of such real estate as if the executor had qualified in the Commonwealth, provided that (i) the will under which the executor acted was duly executed according to the laws of the Commonwealth, (ii) the will confers upon the executor the power to convey the real estate, and (iii) an authenticated copy of such will has been admitted to probate in the Commonwealth in the county or city in which the real estate or any part thereof is located.B. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any conveyance of real estate within the Commonwealth made on or after June 30, 1986, by an executor described in subsection A or the trustee of a testamentary trust established in a will where the will, prior to such sale, has been probated according to the laws of another state shall, without the qualification of the executor or the testamentary trustee in the Commonwealth, be valid and effective to pass the title of such real estate provided that (i) the executor or testamentary trustee had duly qualified according to the laws of the state where the will was probated, (ii) the will under which the executor or testamentary trustee acted was duly executed according to the laws of the Commonwealth as a valid will and confers upon the executor or testamentary trustee the power to convey the real estate so conveyed, and (iii) an authenticated copy of such will has been admitted to probate in the Commonwealth in the county or city in which the real estate or any part thereof is situated.Code 1950, §§ 64-139, 64-140; 1958, c. 558; 1960, c. 279; 1968, c. 656, §§ 64.1-149, 64.1-150; 1996, c. 93; 2012, cc. 61, 614.
VA Code § 64.2-525 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-525. Debtor's appointment as executor

The appointment of a debtor of the estate as executor shall not extinguish his debt to the estate.Code 1950, § 64-142; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-152; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-526 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-526. What personal estate to be sold; use of proceeds

A. Subject to the provisions of Article 2 (§ 64.2-309 et seq.) of Chapter 3 and excluding personal estate that the will directs not to be sold, the personal representative shall sell such assets of the personal estate where the retention of such assets is likely to result in an impairment of value. In conducting such a sale, the personal representative may give reasonable credit and take bond with good security.B. If, after the sale pursuant to subsection A, the personal estate is not sufficient to pay the funeral expenses, charges of administration, debts, and legacies, the personal representative shall sell so much of the remaining personal estate as is necessary to pay such obligations. In conducting such a sale, the personal representative shall give as much consideration as practicable to preserving specific bequests in the will and to the provisions of Article 2 (§ 64.2-309 et seq.) of Chapter 3.C. Unless necessary for the payment of funeral expenses, charges of administration, or debts, the personal representative shall not sell personal estate that the will directs not to be sold.Code 1950, §§ 64-143, 64-144, 64-145; 1966, c. 331; 1968, c. 656, §§ 64.1-153, 64.1-154, 64.1-155; 1981, c. 580; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-527 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-527. Estate held for another's life; inclusion in personal estate

Any estate for the life of another shall go to the personal representative of the party entitled to the estate and shall be applied and distributed as the personal estate of such party.Code 1950, § 64-146; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-156; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-528 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-528. Order in which debts and demands of decedents to be paid

When the assets of the decedent in his personal representative's possession are not sufficient to satisfy all debts and demands against him, they shall be applied to the payment of such debts and demands in the following order:1. Costs and expenses of administration;2. The allowances provided in Article 2 (§ 64.2-309 et seq.) of Chapter 3;3. Funeral expenses not to exceed $4,000;4. Debts and taxes with preference under federal law;5. Medical and hospital expenses of the last illness of the decedent, including compensation of persons attending him not to exceed $2,150 for each hospital and nursing home and $425 for each person furnishing services or goods;6. Debts and taxes due the Commonwealth;7. Debts due as trustee for persons under disabilities; as receiver or commissioner under decree of court of the Commonwealth; as personal representative, guardian, conservator, or committee when the qualification was in the Commonwealth; and for moneys collected by anyone to the credit of another and not paid over, regardless of whether or not a bond has been executed for the faithful performance of the duties of the party so collecting such funds;8. Debts for child support arrearages;9. Debts and taxes due localities and municipal corporations of the Commonwealth; and10. All other claims.No preference shall be given in the payment of any claim over any other claim of the same class, and a claim due and payable shall not be entitled to a preference over a claim not due.Code 1950, § 64-147; 1956, c. 231; 1966, c. 274; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-157; 1972, c. 96; 1981, c. 580; 1986, c. 109; 1993, c. 259; 1996, c. 84; 1997, c. 801; 2007, c. 735; 2008, cc. 666, 817; 2012, c. 614; 2014, c. 532; 2017, c. 591.
VA Code § 64.2-529 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-529. Creditors to be paid in order of their classification; class paid ratably; when representative not liable for paying debt

No payment shall be made to creditors of any one class until all those of the preceding class have been fully paid, and if the assets are not sufficient to pay all the creditors of any one class, the creditors of such class shall be paid ratably; but a personal representative who, after 12 months from his qualification, pays a debt or demand of his decedent is not personally liable for any debt or demand against the decedent of an equal or superior class, whether it is of record or not, unless he had notice of such debt or demand before making such payment.Code 1950, § 64-148; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-158; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-530 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-530. Lien acquired during lifetime of decedent not affected

The provisions of §§ 64.2-528 and 64.2-529 shall not affect any lien acquired during the lifetime of the decedent.Code 1950, § 64-149; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-159; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-532 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-532. Real estate of decedent as assets for payment of debts

If a decedent's personal estate is insufficient to satisfy the decedent's debts and lawful demands against his estate, all real estate of the decedent, including such real estate that remains after satisfying the debts with which the real estate was charged or was subject to under the decedent's will, are assets for the payment of the decedent's debts and all lawful demands against his estate. A decedent's real estate shall be applied to his debts and lawful demands against his estate in the same order that the personal estate of a decedent is applied pursuant to § 64.2-528.Code 1950, § 64-171; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-181; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-533 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-533. Administration of assets for payment of debts

The circuit court in which a report of the accounts of a decedent's personal representative and of the debts and demands against the decedent's estate is or may be filed may administer the real estate of the decedent in the possession of the decedent's personal representative that is an asset for the payment of the decedent's debts and demands against the decedent's estate, or any circuit court may administer such real estate.Code 1950, § 64-172; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-182; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-534 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-534. Liability of heir or devisee for value of real estate sold and conveyed; validity of premature conveyances

A. Any heir or devisee who sells and conveys any real estate that is an asset for the payment of a decedent's debts or lawful demands against his estate pursuant to § 64.2-532 is liable for the value of such real estate, with interest, to those persons entitled to be paid out of the real estate.B. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, the real estate sold or conveyed is not liable to those persons entitled to be paid out of the real estate provided that (i) the sale was made more than one year after the death of the decedent, (ii) the conveyance was bona fide, and (iii) at the time of such conveyance, no action has been commenced for the administration of the real estate and no reports have been filed of the debts and demands of such creditors.C. No sale and conveyance of such real estate made by an heir or devisee within one year after the death of the decedent is valid against creditors of such decedent, except as otherwise provided in § 64.2-535, provided that any sale and conveyance made within one year after the death of a decedent is valid against creditors as if it were made more than one year after the death of the decedent if no action has been commenced for the administration of the real estate and no report of the debts and demands has been filed within one year after the death of the decedent.Code 1950, § 64-173; 1950, p. 606; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-183; 2012, c. 614; 2015, c. 332.
VA Code § 64.2-535 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-535. When sale and conveyance within one year valid against creditors; proceeds paid to special commissioner; bond to obtain proceeds

A. For purposes of this section:"Net proceeds" means the purchase price for the real estate, including money, deferred purchase money obligations, and other securities, remaining after the payment of the expenses of sale ordinarily paid by the seller in sales of such real estate and the discharge of indebtedness and encumbrances that the real estate is primarily liable for by law.B. Any sale and conveyance of real estate that is an asset for the payment of a decedent's debts or lawful demands against his estate pursuant to § 64.2-532 made within one year after the death of the decedent is valid against creditors of such decedent, if such real estate is sold and conveyed pursuant to a decree of a court of competent jurisdiction in an action for partition, sale of lands of persons under a disability, or other judicial sale, and the net proceeds of sale are paid to a special commissioner appointed by the court.C. The special commissioner shall hold the net proceeds paid to him in lieu of the real estate subject to the claims of the decedent's creditors in the same manner and to the same extent as such real estate would have been if not sold until at least one year after the death of the decedent. If no claim has been asserted against the net proceeds, the special commissioner shall distribute the net proceeds to those creditors entitled thereto in proportion to their interest in the real estate upon (i) the expiration of the one-year period or (ii) at any time within the one-year period upon posting bond with such surety as may be prescribed by the court to secure any claims against the real estate or net proceeds.D. A purchaser of any real estate sold and conveyed in accordance with this section is not required to see to the application of the purchase money.E. The special commissioner who receives and holds such net proceeds or refunding bond shall give such bond as required by the court appointing him.Code 1950, § 64-173.1; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-184; 1996, c. 65; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-536 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-536. Liability of heir or devisee; action by personal representative or creditor; recording notice of lis pendens; evidence

An heir or devisee may be sued by the personal representative or any creditor to whom a claim is due for which the estate descended or devised is liable, or for which the heir or devisee is liable with regard to such estate. Any judgment for such a claim entered against the personal representative of the decedent is prima facie evidence of the claim against the heir or devisee in a suit against the heir or devisee by the personal representative or any creditor. In any suit by the personal representative or any creditor pursuant to this article, he shall record a notice of lis pendens as required by § 8.01-268 at the time of filing such suit. The personal representative or creditor has the burden to show to the satisfaction of the court that there are not sufficient personal assets in the estate to satisfy all claims against the estate.Code 1950, § 64-174; 1968, cc. 515, 656, § 64.1-185; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-537 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-537. Action to enforce claim of less than $100; notice

No action may be brought pursuant to this article where the amount of the claim does not exceed $100, unless, at least 30 days before the action was filed, the person or estate that is liable has been given notice that such action would be brought if the amount of the claim was not paid within such time.Code 1950, § 64-175; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-186; 2012, c. 614; 2014, c. 532.
VA Code § 64.2-538 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-538. Lien acquired during lifetime of decedent not affected

This article shall not affect any lien acquired during the lifetime of the decedent.Code 1950, § 64-176; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-187; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-539 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-539. Definitions

For the purposes of this article:"Gross estate" includes any property or interest that is required to be included in the gross estate of the decedent under the estate tax law of the United States, increased by any "adjusted taxable gifts" as defined in § 2001(b) of the Internal Revenue Code."Persons interested in the estate" includes all persons, firms, and corporations who may be entitled to receive or who have received any property or interest that is required to be included in the gross estate of the decedent or any benefit whatsoever with respect to any such property or interest, whether under a will, by intestacy, or by reason of any transfer, trust, estate, interest, right, power, or relinquishment of power taxable under any estate tax law of the Commonwealth, any other state, or the United States heretofore or hereafter enacted.Code 1950, § 64-150; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-160; 1979, c. 559; 1981, c. 98; 1994, c. 917; 2012, c. 614.
VA Code § 64.2-541 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 64.2 - Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Chapter 5 - Personal Representatives and Administration of Estates|§ 64.2-541. Recovery by executor when part of estate not in his possession

If any property required to be included in the gross estate is not in the possession of the executor, administrator, or other fiduciary, he shall recover from the person who is in possession of such property, or from the persons interested in the estate, the amount of tax payable by the persons interested in the estate that is chargeable to such persons under the provisions of this article.Code 1950, § 64-152; 1968, c. 656, § 64.1-162; 1986, c. 399; 2012, c. 614.