reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 15.2-1723 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1723. Validation of certain police forces

Any police force in existence on July 1, 1980, whose existence is authorized or was authorized by any provision of law, general or special, that was repealed by Chapter 333 of the Acts of Assembly of 1979 is hereby validated and shall continue. Any police force in existence on December 1, 1996, whose existence is authorized or was authorized by any provision of law, general or special, that is repealed by this act is hereby validated and shall continue.1979, c. 333, § 15.1-142.2; 1983, c. 576; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1723.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1723.1. Body-worn camera system

A. For purposes of this section, "body-worn camera system" means an electronic system for creating, generating, sending, receiving, storing, displaying, and processing audiovisual recordings, including cameras or other devices capable of creating such recordings, that may be worn about the person.B. No law-enforcement agency having jurisdiction over criminal law enforcement or regulatory violations shall purchase or deploy a body-worn camera system unless such agency has adopted and established a written policy for the operation of a body-worn camera system. Such policy shall follow identified best practices and be consistent with Virginia law and regulations, using as guidance the model policy established by the Department of Criminal Justice Services. Prior to the adoption of a written policy for the operation of a body-worn camera system, the agency shall make the policy available for public comment and review.2020, c. 123.
VA Code § 15.2-1723.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1723.2. Facial recognition technology; approval

A. For purposes of this section, "facial recognition technology" means an electronic system for enrolling, capturing, extracting, comparing, and matching an individual's geometric facial data to identify individuals in photos, videos, or real time. "Facial recognition technology" does not include the use of an automated or semi-automated process to redact a recording in order to protect the privacy of a subject depicted in the recording prior to release or disclosure of the recording outside of the law-enforcement agency if the process does not generate or result in the retention of any biometric data or surveillance information.B. No local law-enforcement agency shall purchase or deploy facial recognition technology unless such purchase or deployment of facial recognition technology is expressly authorized by statute. For purposes of this section, a statute that does not refer to facial recognition technology shall not be construed to provide express authorization. Such statute shall require that any facial recognition technology purchased or deployed by the local law-enforcement agency be maintained under the exclusive control of such local law-enforcement agency and that any data contained by such facial recognition technology be kept confidential, not be disseminated or resold, and be accessible only by a search warrant issued pursuant to Chapter 5 (§ 19.2-52 et seq.) of Title 19.2 or an administrative or inspection warrant issued pursuant to law.C. Nothing in this section shall apply to commercial air service airports.2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 537.
VA Code § 15.2-1725 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1725. Extending police power of localities over lands lying beyond boundaries thereof; jurisdiction of courts

Any locality owning and operating an airport, public hospital, sanitarium, nursing home, public water supply or watershed, public park, recreational area, sewage disposal plant or system, public landing, dock, wharf or canal, public school, public utility, public buildings and other public property located beyond the limits of the locality shall have and may exercise full police power over the property, and over persons using the property, and may, by ordinance, prescribe rules for the operation and use of the property and for the conduct of all persons using the property and may, further, provide penalties for the violation of such rules contained in an ordinance; such penalties, however, shall not exceed those provided by general law for misdemeanors. However, no ordinances in conflict with an ordinance of the jurisdiction wherein the property is located shall be enacted.Any locality which maintains or operates in whole or in part any property enumerated in this section may lawfully send its law-enforcement officers to the property owned beyond the limits of the locality for the purpose of protecting the property, keeping order therein, or otherwise enforcing the laws of the Commonwealth and ordinances of the locality owning the property as such laws and ordinances may relate to the operation and use thereof. The law-enforcement officer shall have power to make an arrest for a violation of any law or ordinance relating to the operation and use of the property. The district court in the city or town where the offense occurs shall have jurisdiction of all cases arising therein, and the district court of the county where the offense occurs shall have jurisdiction of all cases arising therein.It shall be the duty of the attorney for the Commonwealth for the locality wherein the offense occurs to prosecute all violators of the ordinances of the locality that pertain to the operation and use of the property enumerated in this section.Code 1950, § 15-560.1; 1952, c. 382; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-142; 1979, c. 333; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1725.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1725.1. Concurrent jurisdiction; limitations

For the purposes of local public safety regulatory authority and enforcement, the territorial limits of the City of Virginia Beach shall extend from its coastal shorelines, the coastal shorelines of Camp Pendleton, the coastal shorelines of First Landing State Park, and the coastal shorelines of False Cape State Park in a perpendicular direction for three miles into the Atlantic Ocean and Chesapeake Bay waters. This territorial jurisdiction shall be concurrent with the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth. No ordinance enacted under this authority shall conflict with the laws or regulations promulgated by the Commonwealth or any of its agencies. This authority shall not extend to the regulatory authority held by the Virginia Marine Resources Commission as provided in § 28.2-101.2012, c. 809.
VA Code § 15.2-1728 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1728. Mutual aid agreements between police departments and federal authorities

In any case where exclusive jurisdiction over any property or territory has been granted by the Commonwealth to the United States government, or to a department or agency thereof, the governing body of any contiguous locality or the Division of Capitol Police may enter into a mutual aid agreement with the appropriate federal authorities to authorize police cooperation and assistance within such property or territory. Subject to the conditions of any such agreement, all police officers and agents of the contracting governing body or agency shall have the same powers, rights, benefits, privileges and immunities while acting in the performance of their duties on the property or territory under federal authority as are lawfully conferred upon them within their own jurisdictions.1987, c. 33, § 15.1-131.10; 1997, c. 587; 2008, c. 437.
VA Code § 15.2-1729 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1729. Agreements for enforcement of state and county laws by federal officers on federal property

A. The governing body of any county may enter into an agreement with the United States government or a department or agency thereof, under the terms of which agreement law-enforcement officers employed by such government, including but not limited to members of the United States Park Police, may enforce the laws of such county and the Commonwealth on federally owned properties within such county, and on the highways located therein and other public places abutting such properties. In the event such an agreement is entered into, all of the provisions of §§ 15.2-1724 and 15.2-1727 shall be applicable, mutatis mutandis.B. The governing body of any county governed under the provisions of Chapter 8 (§ 15.2-800 et seq.) of Title 15.2 may enter into an agreement with the United States government or a department or agency thereof, under the terms of which agreement law-enforcement officers employed by such government, including but not limited to members of the United States Park Police, may enforce the laws of such county and the Commonwealth on federally owned properties within such county, and on the highways and other public places abutting such properties. In the event such an agreement is entered into, all of the provisions of §§ 15.2-1724 and 15.2-1727 shall be applicable, mutatis mutandis.1972, c. 743, § 15.1-131.4; 1997, cc. 537, 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1730 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1730. Calling upon law-enforcement officers of counties, cities or towns for assistance

In case of an emergency declared by the chief law-enforcement officer of a locality, such officer may call upon the chief law-enforcement officer of towns within his county and the chief law-enforcement officer of an adjoining county or city, or towns in adjoining counties for assistance from him or his deputies or other police officers, without the necessity for deputizing such deputies or officers. Such deputies or officers shall have full police powers in such locality as are conferred upon them by law during the period of such emergency.1974, c. 633, § 15.1-131.5; 1976, c. 206; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1730.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1730.1. Authority and immunity of sheriffs and deputies

In counties where no police department has been established and the sheriff is the chief law-enforcement officer, the sheriff may enter into agreements with any other governmental entity providing law-enforcement services in the Commonwealth, and may furnish and receive interjurisdictional law-enforcement assistance for all law-enforcement purposes, including those described in this chapter, and for purposes of Chapter 3.2 (§ 44-146.13 et seq.) of Title 44. Sheriffs and their deputies, providing or receiving such assistance, shall have all the authority, benefits, immunity from liability and exemptions from laws, ordinances and regulations as officers acting within their own jurisdictions.1999, c. 352.
VA Code § 15.2-1731 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1731. Establishment, etc., authorized; powers, authority and immunities generally

A. Localities, for the further preservation of the public peace, safety, and good order of the community, may establish, equip, and maintain auxiliary police forces that have all the powers and authority and all the immunities of full-time law-enforcement officers, if all such forces have met the training requirements established by the Department of Criminal Justice Services under § 9.1-102.B. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, an auxiliary officer shall be exempted from any initial training requirement established under § 9.1-102 until a date one year subsequent to the approval by the Criminal Justice Services Board of compulsory minimum training standards for auxiliary police officers, except that (i) any such officer shall not be permitted to carry or use a firearm while serving as an auxiliary police officer unless such officer has met the firearms training requirements established in accordance with in-service training standards for law-enforcement officers as prescribed by the Criminal Justice Services Board, and (ii) any such officer shall have one year following the approval by the Board to comply with the compulsory minimum training standards.1968, c. 157, § 15.1-159.2; 1987, c. 421; 1988, c. 864; 1997, c. 587; 2012, c. 827.
VA Code § 15.2-1732 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1732. Appropriations for equipment and maintenance

Localities may make such appropriations as may be necessary to arm, equip, uniform and maintain such auxiliary police force.1968, c. 157, § 15.1-159.3; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1733 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1733. Appointment of auxiliary police officers; revocation of appointment; uniform; organization; rules and regulations

The governing body of the locality may appoint or provide for the appointment as auxiliary police officers as many persons of good character as it deems necessary, not to exceed the number fixed by ordinance adopted by the governing body, and their appointment shall be revocable at any time by the governing body. The governing body may prescribe the uniform, organization, and such rules as it deems necessary for the operation of the auxiliary police force.1968, c. 157, § 15.1-159.4; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1734 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1734. Calling auxiliary police officers into service; police officers performing service to wear uniform; exception

A. A locality may call into service or provide for calling into service such auxiliary police officers as may be deemed necessary (i) in time of public emergency, (ii) at such times as there are insufficient numbers of regular police officers to preserve the peace, safety and good order of the community, or (iii) at any time for the purpose of training such auxiliary police officers. At all times when performing such service, the members of the auxiliary police force shall wear the uniform prescribed by the governing body.B. Members of any auxiliary police force who have been trained in accordance with the provisions of § 15.2-1731 may be called into service by the chief of police of any locality to aid and assist regular police officers in the performance of their duties.C. When the duties of an auxiliary police officer are such that the wearing of the prescribed uniform would adversely limit the effectiveness of the auxiliary police officer's ability to perform his prescribed duties, then clothing appropriate for the duties to be performed may be required by the chief of police.1968, c. 157, § 15.1-159.5; 1987, c. 421; 1988, c. 190; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1735 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1735. Acting beyond limits of jurisdiction of locality

The members of any such auxiliary police force shall not be required to act beyond the limits of the jurisdiction of any such locality except when called upon to protect any public property belonging to the locality which may be located beyond its boundaries, or as provided in § 15.2-1736.1968, c. 157, § 15.1-159.6; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1736 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1736. Mutual aid agreements among governing bodies of localities

The governing bodies of localities, institutions of higher learning having a police force appointed pursuant to subsection B of § 23.1-812, and institutions of higher education having a private police force, as well as sheriffs, and the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation with commissioned conservation officers, or any combination thereof may, by proper resolutions, enter in and become a party to contracts or mutual aid agreements for the use of their joint forces, both regular and auxiliary, their equipment and materials to maintain peace and good order. However, no such institution of higher learning shall enter into such agreement with another institution of higher education in a noncontiguous locality without the consent of all localities within which such institutions are located. Any police or other law-enforcement officer, regular or auxiliary, while performing his duty under any such contract or agreement, shall have the same authority in such locality as he has within the locality where he was appointed.In counties where no police department has been established, the sheriff may, in his discretion, enter into mutual aid agreements as provided by this section.1968, c. 157, § 15.1-159.7; 1987, c. 421; 1994, c. 268; 1997, cc. 587, 604; 2002, cc. 684, 709, 876; 2005, c. 87; 2006, c. 286; 2009, cc. 461, 609; 2010, c. 523.
VA Code § 15.2-1750 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1750. Governmental units authorized to appropriate or lend funds

The governmental units which are parties of the agreement creating the academy or which arrange to have personnel trained at the academy are authorized to appropriate or lend funds; pay fees or charges for services; convey by sale, lease or gift real or personal property, or any interest therein; provide services to the academy; or enter into such other contracts with the academy as may be appropriate to carry out any other power granted to those localities or the academy.1993, c. 935, § 15.1-159.7:4; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1751 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1751. Exemption from taxation

Any academy created under the provisions of this article shall not be required to pay taxes or assessments upon any project or upon any property acquired or used by it or upon the income therefrom and income derived from bonds shall be exempt at all times from every kind and nature of taxation by this Commonwealth or by any of its political subdivisions, municipal corporations, or public agencies of any kind.1993, c. 935, § 15.1-159.7:5; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1752 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1752. Governmental immunity

Any academy created pursuant to this article shall be deemed to be a governmental entity exercising essential governmental powers. Any such academy; its directors, officers, and employees; and any person serving as a trainer at the academy who is certified by the Department of Criminal Justice Services or any person who is a criminal justice academy approved instructor shall be entitled to immunity in any civil action or proceeding for damages or injury to any person or property of any person to the same extent that counties and their officers and employees are immune. Members of the board of directors of the academy shall have the same immunity as members of county boards of supervisors.1993, c. 935, § 15.1-159.7:6; 1997, c. 587; 2013, cc. 66, 99.
VA Code § 15.2-1753 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 17 - Police and Public Order|§ 15.2-1753. Liability of board members

No member of the board of directors of an academy shall be personally liable for any indebtedness, obligation or other liability of an academy, barring willful misconduct.1993, c. 935, § 15.1-159.7:7; 1997, c. 587.
VA Code § 15.2-1800.1 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 18 - Buildings, Monuments and Lands Generally|§ 15.2-1800.1. Tenancy in common with school board for certain property

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 22.1-125 or any other provision of law, whenever a locality has incurred a financial obligation, payable over more than one fiscal year, to fund the acquisition, construction or improvement of public school property, the local governing body of the locality shall be deemed to have acquired title to such school property, as a tenant in common with the local school board, for the term of such financial obligation. Such tenancy in common shall arise by operation of law when such financial obligation is incurred by the local governing body, and shall terminate by operation of law when such financial obligation has been paid in full. Neither the creation nor the termination of this tenancy in common shall require the execution or recordation of any deed of conveyance by either the school board or the governing body. If the school property in question is used by more than one school division, such tenancy in common shall arise and terminate on the same basis in each of the participating localities. Nothing in this section shall alter the authority or responsibility of local school boards to control and regulate the use of the property during the existence of such tenancy in common, nor shall it confer to the local governing body any additional powers over school board decisions relative to school board property, including actions taken pursuant to § 22.1-129 of the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any local governing body may elect not to acquire tenancy in common to some or all of the public school property in its locality, by adopting a resolution declining such tenancy in common for current and future financial obligations.2002, c. 674.
VA Code § 15.2-1800.2 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 18 - Buildings, Monuments and Lands Generally|§ 15.2-1800.2. Acquisition of real property near certain facilities

If a locality in the Commonwealth appropriates funds, from any source, for the acquisition of property rights surrounding Fentress Naval Auxiliary Landing Field ("Fentress") in Chesapeake, the chief executive officer of the locality shall ensure that written notice is provided to the member of the House of Delegates and the member of the Senate of Virginia representing the area in which Fentress is located. Such notice shall be provided promptly, but in no case more than five working days after the appropriation is adopted by the governing body of the locality.2018, c. 418.
VA Code § 15.2-1800.3 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns|Chapter 18 - Buildings, Monuments and Lands Generally|§ 15.2-1800.3. Sale of certain property by locality to adjoining landowners

In any instance in which a parcel of real estate is (i) located within an undeveloped common area in a subdivision, (ii) located in a subdivision with a homeowners' association that has been previously dissolved, and (iii) tax delinquent, a locality may, after giving at least 30 days of notice to adjacent property owners, choose to offer for sale such tax delinquent property in whole or in part to adjacent property owners prior to any public auction of the tax delinquent property. The locality may waive any liens associated with the property in order to facilitate the sale and may further waive payment of any past taxes, penalties, and interest with regard to any new owner.2020, c. 346.