reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
DC Code § 16-1906 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 19 - Habeas Corpus|§ 16-1906. Inquiry into cause of detention; bail; bond

On the return of a writ of habeas corpus issued pursuant to this chapter and the production of the person detained, the court or judge shall immediately inquire into the legality and propriety of the confinement or detention. If it appears that the person is detained without legal warrant or authority, the court or judge shall immediately release or discharge him. If the court or judge deems his detention to be lawful and proper, the court or judge shall remand him to the same custody, or, in a proper case, admit him to bail, if he is confined on a charge of having committed a bailable criminal offense. If he is bailed, the court or judge shall require a sufficient bond or recognizance to answer in the proper court, and transmit it to that court.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 584, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-1906. 1973 Ed., § 16-1906.
DC Code § 16-1907 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 19 - Habeas Corpus|§ 16-1907. Traversing return; pleading; witnesses

A person at whose instance or in whose behalf a writ of habeas corpus has been issued may traverse the return thereto, or plead any matters showing that there is not a sufficient legal cause for his confinement or detention. The court or judge may issue process for witnesses or for the production of papers, which shall be served and enforced in like manner as similar process issued in a cause pending in the court, if the court or judge is satisfied as to the materiality of the testimony proposed to be adduced.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 584, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-1907. 1973 Ed., § 16-1907.
DC Code § 16-1908 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 19 - Habeas Corpus|§ 16-1908. Right of other persons to writ

A person entitled to the custody of another person, unlawfully confined or detained by a third person, as a parent, guardian, committee, spouse, or domestic partner, entitled to the custody of a minor child, ward, spouse, or domestic partner, upon application to the court or a judge as provided by this chapter, and showing just cause therefor, under oath, is entitled to a writ of habeas corpus, directed to the person confining or detaining, requiring him forthwith to appear and produce before the court or judge the person so detained, and the same proceedings shall be had in relation thereto as provided for by this chapter. The court or judge, upon hearing the proofs, shall determine which of the contesting parties is entitled to the custody of the person so detained, and commit the custody of the person to the party legally entitled thereto. For the purposes of this section, the term “domestic partner” shall have the same meaning as provided in § 32-701(3).  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 584, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Mar. 24, 1998, D.C. Law 12-81, § 10(t), 45 DCR 745; Sept. 12, 2008, D.C. Law 17-231, § 20(f), 55 DCR 6758; Sept. 26, 2012, D.C. Law 19-169, § 20(b), 59 DCR 5567.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-1908. 1973 Ed., § 16-1908. Effect of Amendments D.C. Law 17-231 substituted “spouse, or domestic partner” for “or husband” and “or wife”; and inserted “For the purposes of this section, the term ‘domestic partner’ shall have the same meaning as provided in § 32-701(3).” The 2012 amendment by D.C. Law 19-169 deleted “lunatic” following “minor child, ward.” Cross References Custody of children, divorce or annulment, see § 16-911. Representation of indigents in criminal cases, see § 11-2601. Editor's Notes Section 35 of D.C. Law 19-169 provided that no provision of the act shall impair any right or obligation existing under law.
DC Code § 16-1909 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 19 - Habeas Corpus|§ 16-1909. Construction of chapter

This chapter does not affect any provision of chapter 153 of Title 28, United States Code.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-1909. 1973 Ed., § 16-1909. Cross References Juvenile curfew, parenting classes, see § 2-1543.
DC Code § 16-2101 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 21 - Joint Contracts|§ 16-2101. Definition of joint and several contracts

For the purposes of action thereon, a contract or obligation entered into by two or more persons, whether: (1) the persons are partners or joint contractors; (2) the contract is under seal or not; (3) it is written or verbal; or (4) it is expressed to be joint and several or not — is deemed to be joint and several.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2101. 1973 Ed., § 16-2101. Section References This section is referenced in § 16-2102 and § 16-2103.
DC Code § 16-2102 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 21 - Joint Contracts|§ 16-2102. Death of party to the contract

If a person specified by section 16-2101 dies, his executors, administrators, or heirs are bound by the contract in the same manner and to the same extent as if the contract or obligation were expressed to be joint and several.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2102. 1973 Ed., § 16-2102.
DC Code § 16-2103 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 21 - Joint Contracts|§ 16-2103. Extinguishment or merger of cause of action

Where, with respect to a contract specified by section 16-2101 , an action is brought against: (1) all the parties thereto, but service of process is had on some, only, of the defendants; or (2) some, only, of the parties thereto, and service of process is had on them only — a judgment against the parties so served does not work an extinguishment or merger of the cause of action on which the judgment is founded as respects the parties not so served. They shall remain liable to be sued separately.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2103. 1973 Ed., § 16-2103.
DC Code § 16-2104 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 21 - Joint Contracts|§ 16-2104. Death after action brought; legal representatives

When one of several defendants in an action dies after the commencement of the action, his legal representatives may be made parties to the action as directed by Chapter 1 of Title 12.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2104. 1973 Ed., § 16-2104.
DC Code § 16-2105 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 21 - Joint Contracts|§ 16-2105. Proof of joint liability unnecessary; judgment

In actions ex contractu against alleged joint debtors it is not necessary for the plaintiff to prove their joint liability as alleged in order to maintain his action. He is entitled to recover, as in actions ex delicto, against such of the defendants as are shown by the evidence to be jointly indebted to him, or against one only, if he alone is shown to be indebted to him and judgment shall be rendered as if the others had not been joined in the action.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2105. 1973 Ed., § 16-2105.
DC Code § 16-2106 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 21 - Joint Contracts|§ 16-2106. Separate composition or compromise

Any one of several joint debtors when their debt is overdue, may make a separate composition or compromise with their creditors, with the same effect as is provided in the case of parties by Chapter 3 of Title 41 [now chapter 3 of Title 33].  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 585, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2106. 1973 Ed., § 16-2106.
DC Code § 16-2501 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 25 - Change of Name or Gender|§ 16-2501. Application; persons who may file

Whoever, being a resident of the District and desiring a change of name, may file an application in the Superior Court setting forth the reasons therefor and also the name desired to be assumed. If the applicant is an infant, the application shall be filed by his parent, guardian, or next friend.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 595, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 560, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 145(i).)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2501. 1973 Ed., § 16-2501. Cross References Adopted persons, change of name, see § 16-312. Superior court, jurisdiction, see § 11-921. Editor's Notes D.C. Law 20-37 added “or Gender” at the end of the chapter heading.
DC Code § 16-2502 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 25 - Change of Name or Gender|§ 16-2502. Notice; contents. [Repealed]

[Repealed].  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 595, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Nov. 5, 2013, D.C. Law 20-37, § 3(b), 60 DCR 12145.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2502. 1973 Ed., § 16-2502.
DC Code § 16-2503 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 25 - Change of Name or Gender|§ 16-2503. Decree

(a) Upon a showing that the court deems satisfactory, the court may change the name of the applicant according to the prayer of the application. (b)(1) Any District resident may seek a declaration by the Superior Court reflecting a change of gender. The Superior Court shall grant the declaration if the individual seeking the declaration provides, to the court, a statement from the individual’s healthcare provider as described in [§ 7-231.22(a)(2)]. If granted, the declaration shall be effective from the date of gender transition as specified in the healthcare provider’s statement. (2) Any District resident who was born in a state or foreign jurisdiction that requires a court order to amend a birth certificate to reflect a change in gender may request a court order by the Superior Court directing the birth state or foreign jurisdiction to amend the original birth certificate or issue a new birth certificate reflecting a change of gender. The Superior Court shall grant the order if the individual seeking the order provides, to the court, a statement from the individual’s healthcare provider as described in [§ 7-231.22(a)(2)]. (3) Any declaration or order issued pursuant to subsection (b) this section shall constitute conclusive proof of the individual’s gender for all purposes and shall be given the full force and effect of any judgment issued by the Superior Court.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 595, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Nov. 5, 2013, D.C. Law 20-37, § 3(c), 60 DCR 12145; Oct. 30, 2018, D.C. Law 22-164, § 203(e), 65 DCR 9324.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2503. 1973 Ed., § 16-2503. Effect of Amendments The 2013 amendment by D.C. Law 20-37 deleted “On proof of the notice prescribed by section 16-2502, and” from the beginning; added the subsection (a) designation; and added (b).
DC Code § 16-2702 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 27 - Negligence Causing Death|§ 16-2702. Party plaintiff; statute of limitations

An action pursuant to this chapter shall be brought by and in the name of the personal representative of the deceased person, and within 2 years after the death of the person injured.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 596, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Oct. 22, 2012, D.C. Law 19-177, § 3, 59 DCR 9353.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2702. 1973 Ed., § 16-2702. Effect of Amendments The 2012 amendment by D.C. Law 19-177 substituted “2 years” for “one year.” Cross References Death or injury caused by defective or unsafe improvements to real property, actions, see § 12-310 Emergency Legislation For temporary (90 day) amendment of section, see § 2 of Wrongful Death Emergency Act of 2012 (D.C. Act 19-338, March 30, 2012, 59 DCR 2567). For temporary (90 day) amendment of section, see § 2 of the Wrongful Death Congressional Review Emergency Act of 2012 (D.C. Act 19-390, July 9, 2012, 59 DCR 8499). Temporary Legislation Section 2 of D.C. Law 19-147 substituted “2 years” for “one year”. Section 4(b) of D.C. Law 19-147 provided that the act shall expire after 225 days of its having taken effect.
DC Code § 16-2703 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 27 - Negligence Causing Death|§ 16-2703. Distribution of damages

The damages recovered in an action pursuant to this chapter, except the amount specified by the verdict or judgment covering the reasonable expenses of last illness and burial, may not be appropriated to the payment of the debts or liabilities of the deceased person, but inure to the benefit of his or her family and shall be distributed to the spouse and next of kin according to the allocation made by the verdict or judgment, or in the absence of an allocation, according to the provisions of the statute of distribution in force in the District.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 596, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-2703. 1973 Ed., § 16-2703. Cross References Hospital lien for accident injury services, wrongful death damages, see § 40-201. Intestate succession, descent and distribution, see § 19-301 et seq.
DC Code § 16-3101 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3101. Definition

As used in this chapter, the term “Probate Court” means the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 598, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 561, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 145(l)(1).)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3101. 1973 Ed., § 16-3101.
DC Code § 16-3102 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3102. Settlement of accounts as prima facie evidence only

Except as provided by section 16-3111 , in actions: (1) for an accounting, by legatees or next to kin against personal representatives, or wards against their guardians; or (2) to subject the real estate of decedents to the payment of their debts, by creditors against personal representatives, or against heirs or devisees — a prior settlement of accounts in the Probate Court is only prima facie evidence as to the correctness of the accounts.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 598, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Sept. 6, 1980, D.C. Law 3-85, § 5(a), 27 DCR 2900; Apr. 30, 1988, D.C. Law 7-104, § 4(t), 35 DCR 147.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3102. 1973 Ed., § 16-3102.
DC Code § 16-3103 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3103. Summons; failure to appear or give evidence

A summons issued by the Probate Court to a person concerned in the affairs of a deceased person, or to a witness or other person whose appearance in the court is deemed necessary or proper, is returnable at the discretion of the court. When it is necessary or proper on the return of the “summoned”, and failure of the person to appear, to enforce his appearance, or when a witness before the court refuses to give evidence, the court may exercise its contempt power, or it may have his estate, or a part thereof attached and sequestered as provided by section 16-3104 .  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 599, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 561, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 145(l)(2).)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3103. 1973 Ed., § 16-3103. Section References This section is referenced in § 16-3107.
DC Code § 16-3104 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3104. Sequestration where person fails to appear

(a) If two summonses issued to a person by the Probate Court are regularly returned non est by the United States marshal and it is necessary to proceed further to compel the person’s attendance, the court may order and issue an attachment against his real and personal property. On return of the attachment, to which a schedule of the attached property, if any, shall be annexed, the court, by order, or commission under seal, may authorize a person or persons to take into his or their care and custody the property returned in the schedule, or a part thereof, and receive the profits thereof, to be accounted for, until the person summoned appears and obeys the order of the court, or until further order. If the marshal or other officer does not deliver the property accordingly, he is liable to be proceeded against as provided by this subsection. (b) The persons authorized pursuant to subsection (a) of this section to take into their care and custody the property referred to shall first give bond with such security, and in such penalty, as the court directs. The bond shall be recorded, may be sued on, shall be on a footing with an administration bond, and shall be conditioned for rendering a true account of the estate or property, and of the profits thereof, and to deliver the property according to the order of the court, after deducting such allowance for loss, and such commission, not exceeding 5 per centum of the whole, as the court deems proper. (c) When the purpose for which property sequestered under this section is answered, the court shall direct that the estate or property, and the profits, after making the deductions authorized by subsection (b) of this section, be restored to the person from whom the care and custody of the property were taken. When the person is dead, the court shall order the property to be delivered to his heirs, devisees or legal representatives, as soon as the purpose of the sequestration is answered, or immediately, on application, and on satisfying the court of the person’s right, if the purpose, after the death of the original person, can not be answered.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 599, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 561, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 145(l)(3).)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3104. 1973 Ed., § 16-3104. Section References This section is referenced in § 16-3103, § 16-3105, § 16-3106, and § 16-3107.
DC Code § 16-3105 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3105. Plenary proceeding; refusal to answer as required

When either of the parties having a contest in the Probate Court requires, the court may direct a plenary proceeding, by bill or petition, to which there shall be an answer, on oath or affirmation. If the party, refuses to answer on oath or affirmation, as the case may require, to any matter alleged in the bill or petition, and proper for the court to decide upon, the court may exercise its contempt power, or it may have his property attached and sequestered as provided by section 16-3104 .  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 599, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 561, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 145(l)(2).)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3105. 1973 Ed., § 16-3105. Section References This section is referenced in § 16-3106.
DC Code § 16-3106 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3106. Issues to be made up in plenary proceeding; jury; compelling payment of costs

In a plenary proceeding provided for by section 16-3105 , the Probate Court shall give judgment, or decree upon the bill an answer, or upon bill, answer, depositions, or finding of the jury. In all cases of contest, the court may award costs to the party deemed entitled thereto, and may compel payment by exercising its contempt power, or by attachment and sequestration of the property as provided by section 16-3104 .  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 600, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 561, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 145(l)(2); Mar. 24, 1998, D.C. Law 12-81, § 10(nn), 45 DCR 745.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3106. 1973 Ed., § 16-3106.
DC Code § 16-3107 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3107. Enforcement of judgments, orders and decrees; application of property sequestrated

The Probate Court may enforce its judgments, orders, decrees, and decisions in the manner provided by sections 16-3103 and 16-3104 . When a judgment, order, decree, or decision is for the payment of money, the court may apply the property sequestrated to the purpose for which the judgment, order, decree, or decision is given.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 600, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3107. 1973 Ed., § 16-3107.
DC Code § 16-3108 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3108. Ordering investment of funds; revocation of letters for noncompliance

The Probate Court may order a personal representative, special administrator, or guardian, whom it has appointed, to bring into court or invest in securities, to be approved by the court, any funds received by the personal representative, special administrator, or guardian. If the party does not, within a reasonable time, to be fixed by the court, comply with the order, the court may revoke his letters.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 600, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Sept. 6, 1980, D.C. Law 3-85, § 5(b), 27 DCR 2900.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3108. 1973 Ed., § 16-3108.
DC Code § 16-3109 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 31 - Probate Court Proceedings|§ 16-3109. Compelling performance of duties by personal representatives, special administrators, etc.; revocation of letters

The Probate Court may order a personal representative, special administrator, guardian, or testamentary trustee, who appears to be in default in respect to the rendering of an inventory or account or the fulfillment of a duty in the court, to be summoned to appear therein and fulfill his duty in the premises, on pain of revocation of his power to act. On his appearance, the court may make such order as is just. On his failure to appear, after having been duly summoned, the court may revoke his power to act and make such further order and other appointment as justice requires. If the summons to appear is returned by the marshal “not to be found,” an alias summons shall be mailed to the last-known post-office address of the fiduciary or served upon his attorney of record, if he is within the jurisdiction of the court. On the failure of the fiduciary to appear, the court may revoke his power to act and make such further order and other appointment as justice requires.  (Dec. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 600, Pub. L. 88-241, § 1; Sept. 6, 1980, D.C. Law 3-85, § 5(b), 27 DCR 2900.)  Prior Codifications 1981 Ed., § 16-3109. 1973 Ed., § 16-3109.