GA Code § 10-1-373 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 10 - Commerce and Trade|Chapter 1 - Selling and Other Trade Practices|Article 15 - Deceptive or Unfair Practices|Part 1 - Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act|§ 10-1-373. Enjoining Deceptive Trade Practices; Costs and Attorney's Fees; Relief Cumulative

  A person likely to be damaged by a deceptive trade practice of another may be granted an injunction against it under the principles of equity and on terms that the court considers reasonable. Proof of monetary damage, loss of profits, or intent to deceive is not required. Relief granted for the copying of an article shall be limited to the prevention of confusion or misunderstanding as to source.   Costs shall be allowed to the prevailing party unless the court otherwise directs. The court, in its discretion, may award attorney's fees to the prevailing party if:   The party complaining of a deceptive trade practice has brought an action which he knew to be groundless; or   The party charged with a deceptive trade practice has willfully engaged in the trade practice knowing it to be deceptive.     The relief provided in this Code section is in addition to remedies otherwise available against the same conduct under the common law or other statutes of this state.    (Ga. L. 1968, p. 337, § 3.)   Law reviews.   - For comment, "The Georgia Fair Business Practices Act: Business As Usual," see 9 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 453 (1993).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Consumer.    - Company's motion to dismiss pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) made applicable in bankruptcy through Fed. R. Bankr. P. 7012, was denied because nothing in the language of Georgia's Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act (UDTPA), O.C.G.A. § 10-1-370 et seq., required the debtor to be a consumer or required a consumer to be injured; therefore, the "consumer" issue was irrelevant to standing under the UDTPA. Johnston Indus. Ala., Inc. v. Nat'l Contract Assocs. (In re Johnston Indus.), 300 Bankr. 821 (Bankr. M.D. Ga. 2003).   Injunction is sole remedy.    - Sole remedy provided under O.C.G.A. § 10-1-373 is injunctive relief. Lauria v. Ford Motor Co., 169 Ga. App. 203, 312 S.E.2d 190 (1983).    Sole remedy available under O.C.G.A. § 10-1-373 was injunctive relief; however, a plaintiff had to establish a likelihood of damage to plaintiff by a deceptive trade practice of another. Moore-Davis Motors, Inc. v. Joyner, 252 Ga. App. 617, 556 S.E.2d 137 (2001).    Because a marketer did not seek injunctive relief, an insurer's verbal cancellation of a written contract with the marketer to sell health, medical, and surgical insurance products did not give rise to a cause of action under Georgia's Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act, O.C.G.A. § 10-1-370 et seq., specifically O.C.G.A. § 10-1-372(a), because an injunction was the sole remedy available under O.C.G.A. § 10-1-373. Med S. Health Plans, LLC v. Life of the S. Ins. Co., F. Supp. 2d (M.D. Ga. May 19, 2008).    In a deceptive trade case, the trial court erred in granting permanent injunctive relief at the interlocutory hearing as the defendant had no notice that the trial court intended at that hearing to consider the merits of permanent injunctive relief. McHugh Fuller Law Group, PLLC v. PruittHealth-Toccoa, LLC, 297 Ga. 94, 772 S.E.2d 660 (2015).    Proof of neither direct competition nor actual confusion is required to obtain relief under O.C.G.A. § 10-1-373. All that is required is that use of name cause confusion to others using reasonable care. Giant Mart Corp. v. Giant Disct. Foods, Inc., 247 Ga. 775, 279 S.E.2d 683 (1981).    Proof of falsity  is sufficient to sustain a finding of irreparable injury for purposes of a preliminary injunction. Energy Four, Inc. v. Dornier Medical Sys., 765 F. Supp. 724 (N.D. Ga. 1991).   Proof of lost sales.   - Plaintiff who can prove actual lost sales is entitled to an injunction even though the decline in the plaintiff's sales is mostly attributable to factors other than the plaintiff's competitor's allegedly false or misleading representations. Because detailed proof of individual lost sales goes to the issue of damages, it is not a prerequisite for equitable relief. Energy Four, Inc. v. Dornier Medical Sys., 765 F. Supp. 724 (N.D. Ga. 1991).    Proof of monetary damages  may not be necessary to sustain every cause of action based on the plaintiff's disparagement claim, but a showing that some customer's buying decision was adversely affected is a threshold requirement for each. Servicetrends, Inc. v. Siemens Medical Sys., 870 F. Supp. 1042 (N.D. Ga. 1994).   Confusingly similar names.    - This part authorizes injunctions restraining use of a family name previously appropriated by another as a trade name, where under all the circumstances, such as the other descriptive words of the trade name, the type of business carried on, the geographical area in which the trade name has acquired a meaning, and other distinguishing factors, there remains a likelihood of confusion and misunderstanding among the general public. Baker Realty Co. v. Baker, 228 Ga. 766, 187 S.E.2d 850 (1972).   Infringement of trade names.    - If the right to protection of a trade name exists, the injured party may seek both injunctive relief and damages. Diedrich v. Miller & Meier & Assocs., 254 Ga. 734, 334 S.E.2d 308 (1985).    Chapter 11 debtor was entitled to a preliminary injunction under the Lanham Act, 11 U.S.C. § 1125(a), and O.C.G.A. §§ 10-1-373 and10-1-451, against a competing user of its trade name "Reliable Heating and Air" because the debtor clearly demonstrated a substantial likelihood of success on the merits of its claims and demonstrated that it would suffer irreparable harm if an injunction were not issued. Reliable Air, Inc. v. Jape (In re Reliable Air, Inc.), Bankr. (Bankr. N.D. Ga. Sept. 14, 2007).   Denial of interlocutory injunction reversed only for abuse of discretion.    - The denial of an interlocutory injunction against alleged deceptive trade practices will not be reversed unless it appears that the trial court has abused the court's discretion. Baker Realty Co. v. Baker, 228 Ga. 766, 187 S.E.2d 850 (1972).   Requirement of harm.    - O.C.G.A. § 10-1-373(a) of the Georgia Deceptive Trade Practices Act, O.C.G.A. § 10-1-370 et seq., required the plaintiff dry cleaners to allege they were likely to be damaged by a deceptive trade practice and the allegations that the defendant natural gas supplier disseminated information about future natural gas prices did not pose any future harm, nor were the dry cleaners entitled to injunctive relief for a hypothetical future harm; thus, the Deceptive Trade Practices Act claims failed. Byung Ho Cheoun v. Infinite Energy, Inc., F.3d (11th Cir. Jan. 27, 2010)(Unpublished).   Punitive damages.    - Trademark holder was not entitled to summary judgment regarding punitive damages under Georgia state law because O.C.G.A. § 10-1-373 applied only to causes of action for torts arising before July 1, 1987, and this issue was required to be decided only if there was an award of damages in the action for trademark infringement. ITT Corp. v. Xylem Group, LLC, F. Supp. 2d (N.D. Ga. Aug. 5, 2013).   Attorneys' fees determined in bifurcated proceeding.    - When an alleged Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act (UDTPA), O.C.G.A. § 10-1-370, et seq., violation is one of several claims being tried, the UDTPA contemplates a bifurcated proceeding. The statute anticipates that the fact finder will first determine the prevailing party before the trial court makes a decision as to whether an award of attorney fees is warranted. Logically, therefore, neither party would present evidence as to their attorney fees during the trial, and the issue is not required to be raised in the pretrial order. Bearoff v. Craton, 350 Ga. App. 826, 830 S.E.2d 362 (2019).    Cited in Tri-State Culvert Mfg., Inc. v. Tri-State Drainage Prods., Inc., 236 Ga. 157, 223 S.E.2d 202 (1976); Rolls-Royce Motors, Ltd. v. A & A Fiberglass, Inc., 428 F. Supp. 689 (N.D. Ga. 1977); Jellibeans, Inc. v. Skating Clubs of Ga., Inc., 716 F.2d 833 (11th Cir. 1983); Southern Bell Tel. & Tel. Co. v. Associated Tel. Directory Publishers, 756 F.2d 801 (11th Cir. 1985); Sweeney v. Athens Regional Medical Ctr., 709 F. Supp. 1563 (M.D. Ga. 1989); Intown Enters., Inc. v. Barnes, 721 F. Supp. 1263 (N.D. Ga. 1989); Eckles v. Atlanta Tech. Group, Inc., 267 Ga. 801, 485 S.E.2d 22 (1997).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 54A Am. Jur. 2d, Monopolies, Restraints of Trade, and Unfair Trade Practices, § 1066 et seq. 74 Am. Jur. 2d, Trademarks and Tradenames, § 128 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 87 C.J.S., Trade-Marks, Trade-Names and Unfair Competition, §§ 336 et seq., 381, 382, 434, 458.   U.L.A.   - Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act (1966 Revision) (U.L.A.) § 3.   ALR.    - Right to protection against appropriation of advertising matter or methods, 17 A.L.R. 760; 30 A.L.R. 615; 5 A.L.R. Fed. 625.    Right of producer or distributor to protection against use of his containers, 60 A.L.R. 285.    Doctrine of secondary meaning in the law of trademarks and of unfair competition, 150 A.L.R. 1067.   Punitive or exemplary damages as recoverable for trademark infringement or unfair competition, 47 A.L.R.2d 1117.   Rights and remedies with respect to another's use of a deceptively similar advertising slogan, 2 A.L.R.3d 748.   Right of charitable or religious association or corporation to protection against use of same or similar name by another, 37 A.L.R.3d 277.   Right to private action under state consumer protection Act, 62 A.L.R.3d 169.   Failure to deliver ordered merchandise to customer on date promised as unfair or deceptive trade practice, 7 A.L.R.4th 1257.   Right to private action under state consumer protection act - Equitable relief available, 115 A.L.R.5th 709.   Fraudulent representations concerning price, discount, condition, quality, availability or shipping costs of consumer goods and services sold on internet, 38 A.L.R.7th Art. 4.   Copyright, Under Federal Copyright Act (17 USCS § 1 et seq.), in Advertising Materials, Catalogs, and Price Lists, 5 A.L.R. Fed. 625.