reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Corp Code § 419 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 4 - Shares and Share Certificates|Section 419.

419.  (a) A domestic or foreign corporation may issue a new share certificate or a new certificate for any other security in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or the owner’s legal representative to give the corporation a bond (or other adequate security) sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it (including any expense or liability) on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate. (b) If a corporation refuses to issue a new share certificate or other certificate in place of one theretofore issued by it, or by any corporation of which it is the lawful successor, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or the owner’s legal representative may bring an action in the superior court of the proper county for an order requiring the corporation to issue a new certificate in place of the one lost, stolen or destroyed.(c) If the court is satisfied that the plaintiff is the lawful owner of the number of shares or other securities, or any part thereof, described in the complaint and that the certificate therefor has been lost, stolen or destroyed, and no sufficient cause has been shown why a new certificate should not be issued in place thereof, it shall make an order requiring the corporation to issue and deliver to the plaintiff a new certificate for such shares or other securities. In its order the court shall direct that, prior to the issuance and delivery to the plaintiff of such new certificate, the plaintiff give the corporation a bond (or other adequate security) as to the court appears sufficient to indemnify the corporation against any claim that may be made against it (including any expense or liability) on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 420 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 4 - Shares and Share Certificates|Section 420.

420.  Neither a domestic nor foreign corporation nor its transfer agent or registrar is liable:(a) For transferring or causing to be transferred on the books of the corporation to the surviving joint tenant or tenants any share or shares or other securities issued to two or more persons in joint tenancy, whether or not the transfer is made with actual or constructive knowledge of the existence of any understanding, agreement, condition or evidence that the shares or securities were held other than in joint tenancy or of a breach of trust by any joint tenant.(b) To a minor or incompetent person in whose name shares or other securities are of record on its books or to any transferee of or transferor to either for transferring the shares or other securities on its books at the instance of or to the minor or incompetent or for the recognition of or dealing with the minor or incompetent as a shareholder or security holder, whether or not the corporation, transfer agent or registrar had notice, actual or constructive, of the nonage or incompetency, unless a guardian or conservator of the property of the minor or incompetent has been appointed and the corporation, transfer agent or registrar has received written notice thereof.(c) To any married person or to any transferee of such person for transferring shares or other securities on its books at the instance of the person in whose name they are registered, without the signature of such person’s spouse and regardless of whether the registration indicates that the shares or other securities are community property, in the same manner as if such person were unmarried.(d) For transferring or causing to be transferred on the books of the corporation shares or other securities pursuant to a judgment or order of a court which has been set aside, modified or reversed unless, prior to the registration of the transfer on the books of the corporation, written notice is served upon the corporation or its transfer agent in the manner provided by law for the service of a summons in a civil action, stating that an appeal or other further court proceeding has been or is to be taken from or with regard to such judgment or order. After the service of such notice neither the corporation nor its transfer agent has any duty to register the requested transfer until the corporation or its transfer agent has received a certificate of the clerk of the court in which the judgment or order was entered or made, showing that the judgment or order has become final.(e) The Commercial Code shall not affect the limitations of liability set forth in this section. Section 1100 of the Family Code shall be subject to the provisions of this section and shall not be construed to prevent transfers, or result in liability to the corporation, transfer agent or registrar permitting or effecting transfers, which comply with this section.(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 89. Effective January 1, 2003.)
CA Corp Code § 421 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 4 - Shares and Share Certificates|Section 421.

421.  Each holder of shares of a close corporation, whether original or subsequent, by accepting the certificates for the shares which contain the legend required by subdivision (c) of Section 418 agrees and consents that such holder cannot make any transfer of shares which would violate the provisions of subdivision (d) of Section 418 and waives any right which such holder might otherwise have under any other law to sell such shares to a greater number of purchasers or to demand any registration thereof under the Securities Act of 1933, as now or hereafter amended, or as provided in any statute adopted in substitution therefor, or otherwise, so long as the corporation is a close corporation.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 422 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 4 - Shares and Share Certificates|Section 422.

422.  (a) When the articles are amended in any way affecting the statements contained in the certificates for outstanding shares, or it becomes desirable for any reason, in the discretion of the board, to cancel any outstanding certificate for shares and issue a new certificate therefor conforming to the rights of the holder, the board may order any holders of outstanding certificates for shares to surrender and exchange them for new certificates within a reasonable time to be fixed by the board.(b) The order may provide that a holder of any certificates so ordered to be surrendered is not entitled to vote or to receive dividends or exercise any of the other rights of shareholders until the holder has complied with the order, but such order operates to suspend such rights only after notice and until compliance. The duty of surrender of any outstanding certificates may also be enforced by civil action.(c) When the articles are amended in any way affecting the statements contained in the initial transaction statement or other written statements for outstanding uncertificated securities, or it becomes desirable for any reason, in the discretion of the board, to amend, revise, or supersede outstanding initial transaction statements or written statements, the board may order the issuance and delivery to holders of record of amended, revised, or superseding initial transaction statements or written statements.(Amended by Stats. 1986, Ch. 766, Sec. 19.)
CA Corp Code § 501 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 5 - Dividends and Reacquisitions of Shares|Section 501.

501.  Neither a corporation nor any of its subsidiaries shall make any distribution to the corporation’s shareholders (Section 166) if the corporation or the subsidiary making the distribution is, or as a result thereof would be, likely to be unable to meet its liabilities (except those whose payment is otherwise adequately provided for) as they mature.(Repealed and added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 503 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 5 - Dividends and Reacquisitions of Shares|Section 503.

503.  (a) The provisions of Sections 500 and 501 shall not apply to a purchase or redemption of shares of a deceased shareholder from the proceeds of insurance on the life of that shareholder in excess of the total amount of all premiums paid by the corporation for that insurance, in order to carry out the provisions of an agreement between the corporation and that shareholder to purchase or redeem those shares upon the death of the shareholder.(b) The provisions of Sections 500 and 501 shall not apply to the purchase or redemption of shares of a disabled shareholder from the proceeds of disability insurance applicable to the disabled shareholder in excess of the total amount of all premiums paid by the corporation for the insurance, in order to carry out the provisions of an agreement between the corporation and the shareholder to purchase or redeem shares upon the disability of the shareholder as defined within that policy. For the purposes of this subdivision, “disability insurance” means an agreement of indemnification against the insured’s loss of the ability to work due to accident or illness.(Repealed and added by Stats. 2011, Ch. 203, Sec. 5. (AB 571) Effective January 1, 2012.)
CA Corp Code § 504 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 5 - Dividends and Reacquisitions of Shares|Section 504.

504.  (a) The provisions of Section 500 do not apply to a dividend declared by either of the following:(1) A regulated investment company, as defined in the federal Internal Revenue Code, as amended, to the extent that the dividend is necessary to maintain the status of the corporation as a regulated investment company under the provisions of that code.(2) A real estate investment trust, as defined in Part II of Subchapter M of Chapter 1 of Subtitle A of the federal Internal Revenue Code, as amended, to the extent that the dividend is necessary to maintain the status of the corporation as a real estate investment trust under the provisions of that code.(b) The provisions of this chapter do not apply to any purchase or redemption of shares redeemable at the option of the holder by a registered open-end investment company under the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, so long as the right of redemption remains unsuspended under the provisions of that statute and the articles and bylaws of the corporation.(Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 112, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2001.)
CA Corp Code § 505 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 5 - Dividends and Reacquisitions of Shares|Section 505.

505.  Nothing in this chapter prohibits additional restrictions upon the declaration of dividends or the purchase or redemption of a corporation’s own shares by provision in the articles or bylaws or in any indenture or other agreement entered into by the corporation.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 508 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 5 - Dividends and Reacquisitions of Shares|Section 508.

508.  This chapter does not apply in connection with any proceeding for winding up and dissolution under Chapter 18 or 19.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)
CA Corp Code § 511 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 5 - Dividends and Reacquisitions of Shares|Section 511.

511.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, a negotiable instrument issued by a corporation for the purchase or redemption of shares shall be enforceable by a holder in due course (Section 3302 of the Commercial Code) without notice that it was issued for that purpose or by a person who acquired the instrument through such a holder.(Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 370.)
CA Corp Code § 602 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 6 - Shareholders Meetings and Consents|Section 602.

602.  (a) Unless otherwise provided in the articles, a majority of the shares entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of the shareholders, but in no event shall a quorum consist of less than one-third (or, in the case of a mutual water company, 20 percent) of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting or, except in the case of a close corporation, of more than a majority of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting. Except as provided in subdivision (b), the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented and voting at a duly held meeting at which a quorum is present (which shares voting affirmatively also constitute at least a majority of the required quorum) shall be the act of the shareholders, unless the vote of a greater number or voting by classes is required by this division or the articles.(b) The shareholders present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by at least a majority of the shares required to constitute a quorum or, if required by this division or the articles, the vote of a greater number or voting by classes.(c) In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of shareholders may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of a majority of the shares represented either in person or by proxy, but no other business may be transacted, except as provided in subdivision (b).(Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 485, Sec. 8. Effective January 1, 2001.)
CA Corp Code § 603 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 6 - Shareholders Meetings and Consents|Section 603.

603.  (a) Unless otherwise provided in the articles, any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice, if a consent in writing, as specified in Section 195, setting forth the action so taken, shall be provided by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.(b) Unless the consents of all shareholders entitled to vote have been solicited in writing, both of the following shall apply:(1) Notice of any shareholder approval pursuant to Section 310, 317, 1152, 1201 (except for a reorganization as to which shareholders have the right, pursuant to Chapter 13 (commencing with Section 1300) to demand payment of cash for their shares), or 2007 without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given at least 10 days before the consummation of the action authorized by that approval. Notice shall be given as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 601.(2) Prompt notice shall be given of the taking of any other corporate action approved by shareholders without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent, to those shareholders entitled to vote who have not consented in writing. Notice shall be given as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 601.(c) Any shareholder giving a written consent, or the shareholder’s proxyholders, or a transferee of the shares or a personal representative of the shareholder or their respective proxyholders, may revoke the consent personally or by proxy by a writing received by the corporation prior to the time that written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the secretary of the corporation, but may not do so thereafter. The revocation is effective upon its receipt by the secretary of the corporation.(d) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), directors may not be elected by written consent except by unanimous written consent of all shares entitled to vote for the election of directors; provided that the shareholders may elect a director to fill a vacancy, other than a vacancy created by removal, by the written consent of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.(Amended by Stats. 2013, Ch. 109, Sec. 1. (AB 457) Effective January 1, 2014.)
CA Corp Code § 604 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 6 - Shareholders Meetings and Consents|Section 604.

604.  (a) Any form of proxy or written consent distributed to 10 or more shareholders of a corporation with outstanding shares held of record by 100 or more persons shall afford an opportunity on the proxy or form of written consent to specify a choice between approval and disapproval of each matter or group of related matters intended to be acted upon at the meeting for which the proxy is solicited or by such written consent, other than elections to office, and shall provide, subject to reasonable specified conditions, that where the person solicited specifies a choice with respect to any such matter the shares will be voted in accordance therewith.(b) In any election of directors, any form of proxy in which the directors to be voted upon are named therein as candidates and which is marked by a shareholder “withhold” or otherwise marked in a manner indicating that the authority to vote for the election of directors is withheld shall not be voted for the election of a director.(c) Failure to comply with this section shall not invalidate any corporate action taken, but may be the basis for challenging any proxy at a meeting and the superior court may compel compliance therewith at the suit of any shareholder.(d) This section does not apply to any corporation with an outstanding class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or whose securities are exempted from such registration by Section 12(g)(2) of that act.(Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 501.)
CA Corp Code § 605 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 6 - Shareholders Meetings and Consents|Section 605.

605.  (a) For the purpose of determining whether a corporation has outstanding shares held of record by 100 or more persons, shares shall be deemed to be “held of record” by each person who is identified as the owner of such shares on the record of shareholders maintained by or on behalf of the corporation, subject to the following:(1) In any case where the record of shareholders has not been maintained in accordance with accepted practice, any additional person who would be identified as such an owner on such record if it had been maintained in accordance with accepted practice shall be included as a holder of record.(2) Shares identified as held of record by a corporation, a partnership, a limited liability company, a trust, whether or not the trustees are named, or other organization shall be included as so held by one person.(3) Shares identified as held of record by one or more persons as trustees, executors, guardians, conservators, custodians or in other fiduciary capacities with respect to a single trust, estate or account shall be included as held of record by one person.(4) Shares held by two or more persons as coowners shall be included as held by one person.(5) Shares registered in substantially similar names, where the corporation (or other person soliciting proxies) has reason to believe because of the address or other indications that such names represent the same person, may be included as held of record by one person.(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a):(1) Shares held, to the knowledge of the corporation (or other person soliciting proxies), subject to a voting trust, deposit agreement or similar arrangement shall be included as held of record by the recordholders of the voting trust certificates, certificates of deposit, receipts or similar evidences of interest in such securities; provided, however, that the corporation (or other person soliciting proxies) may rely in good faith on such information as is received in response to its request from a nonaffiliated issuer of the certificates or evidences of interest.(2) If the corporation (or other person soliciting proxies) knows or has reason to know that the form of holding shares of record is used primarily to circumvent the provisions of this section, the beneficial owners of such shares shall be deemed to be the record owners thereof.(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1010, Sec. 65. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Corp Code § 700 (2021)
2021 California Code|Corporations Code - CORP|TITLE 1 - CORPORATIONS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL CORPORATION LAW|CHAPTER 7 - Voting of Shares|Section 700.

700.  (a) Except as provided in Section 708 and except as may be otherwise provided in the articles, each outstanding share, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote of shareholders.(b) Any holder of shares entitled to vote on any matter may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal, other than elections to office, but, if the shareholder fails to specify the number of shares such shareholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the shareholder’s approving vote is with respect to all shares such shareholder is entitled to vote.(Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 682.)