GA Code § 17-3-2.2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 17 - Criminal Procedure|Chapter 3 - Limitations on Prosecution|§ 17-3-2.2. Statute of Limitations

 In addition to any periods excluded pursuant to Code Section 17-3-2, if the victim is a person who is 65 years of age or older, the applicable period within which a prosecution must be commenced under Code Section 17-3-1 or other applicable statute shall not begin to run until the violation is reported to or discovered by a law enforcement agency, prosecuting attorney, or other governmental agency, whichever occurs earlier. Such law enforcement agency or other governmental agency shall promptly report such allegation to the appropriate prosecuting attorney. Except for prosecutions for crimes for which the law provides a statute of limitations longer than 15 years, prosecution shall not commence more than 15 years after the commission of the crime.    (Code 1981, §17-3-2.2, enacted by Ga. L. 2000, p. 1085, § 5.)   Editor's notes.   - Ga. L. 2000, p. 1085, § 1, not codified by the General Assembly, provides that: "This Act shall be known and may be cited as the 'Georgia Protection of Elder Persons Act of 2000.'"   Cross references.   - Cooperative effort in development of programs relating to abuse and exploitation of persons 65 years of age or older, § 30-5-10.   Law reviews.   - For note on 2000 enactment of this Code section, see 17 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. (2000).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Age classification does not violate equal protection.    - Supreme Court of Georgia holds that the age classification chosen in the tolling statute of O.C.G.A. § 17-3-2.2 does not violate the Equal Protection clauses of Ga. Const. 1983, Art. I, Sec. I, Para. II, and U.S. Const., amend. XIV. Harper v. State, 292 Ga. 557, 738 S.E.2d 584 (2013).   Tolling requires showing victim over 65.    - To apply the tolling provision of O.C.G.A. § 17-3-2.2, it must be shown that the victim of the crime is a person over the age of 65. Harper v. State, 292 Ga. 557, 738 S.E.2d 584 (2013).   Application to corporations.    - O.C.G.A. § 17-3-2.2 offers no protection to the interest of any corporation or other entity which is not a person who is 65 years of age or older; that is in keeping with the principle that, generally, corporations are separate legal entities from the corporation's shareholders. Harper v. State, 292 Ga. 557, 738 S.E.2d 584 (2013).   Construction.    - Trial court erred by applying O.C.G.A. § 17-3-2.2 to the RICO and theft charges against the defendants because it was necessary for the state to show that the victim was over 65 years of age, who was the principal stockholder of the corporation, was the owner of the property allegedly stolen, not the corporation, to determine the date the crime became known to the victim. Harper v. State, 292 Ga. 557, 738 S.E.2d 584 (2013).   Statute of limitations not tolled.    - Trial court correctly concluded that the four-year statute of limitation contained in O.C.G.A. § 17-3-1(c) was applicable and that the state failed to plead and prove that the tolling provisions of O.C.G.A. § 17-3-2.2 had been triggered. Consequently, the trial court did not err in granting defendants' plea in bar. State v. Mullins, 321 Ga. App. 671, 742 S.E.2d 490 (2013).    Cited in State v. Outen, 296 Ga. 40, 764 S.E.2d 848 (2014); Stubbs v. Hall, 308 Ga. 354, 840 S.E.2d 407 (2020).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - Validity, construction, and application of state statutes eliminating, extending, or tolling statute of limitations for sexual offense when DNA can provide identity of alleged perpetrator, 16 A.L.R.7th 7.