reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AK Stat § 45.07.302 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.302. Through bills of lading and similar documents of title.

(a) The issuer of a through bill of lading, or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person acting as the issuer's agent or by a performing carrier, is liable to a person entitled to recover on the bill or other document for a breach by the other person or the performing carrier of its obligation under the bill or other document. However, this liability for breach by the other person or the performing carrier may be varied by agreement of the parties, except to the extent other law prohibits variation of the liability by agreement. (b) If goods covered by a through bill of lading or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person other than the issuer are received by the other person, the person is subject, with respect to its own performance while the goods are in its possession, to the obligation of the issuer. The person's obligation is discharged by delivery of the goods to another person under the bill or other document, and does not include liability for breach by another person or by the issuer. (c) The issuer of a through bill of lading or other document of title described in (a) of this section may recover from the performing carrier, or other person in possession of the goods when the breach of the obligation under the bill occurred, the amount (1) the issuer may be required to pay to a person entitled to recover on the bill or other document for the breach, as may be evidenced by a receipt, judgment, or transcript of judgment; and (2) of an expense reasonably incurred by the issuer in defending an action commenced by a person entitled to recover on the bill or other document for the breach.
AK Stat § 45.07.303 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.303. Diversion; reconsignment; change of instructions.

(a) Unless the bill of lading otherwise provides, a carrier may deliver the goods to a person or destination other than that stated in the bill or may otherwise dispose of the goods, without liability for misdelivery, on instructions from (1) the holder of a negotiable bill; (2) the consignor on a nonnegotiable bill, even if the consignee has given contrary instructions; (3) the consignee on a nonnegotiable bill in the absence of contrary instructions from the consignor, if the goods have arrived at the billed destination or if the consignee is in possession of the tangible bill or in control of the electronic bill; or (4) the consignee on a nonnegotiable bill, if the consignee is entitled as against the consignor to dispose of the goods. (b) Unless instructions described in (a) of this section are included in a negotiable bill of lading, a person to whom the bill is duly negotiated may hold the bailee according to the original terms.
AK Stat § 45.07.304 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.304. Tangible bills of lading in a set.

(a) Except as customary in international transportation, a tangible bill of lading may not be issued in a set of parts. The issuer is liable for damages caused by violation of this subsection. (b) If a tangible bill of lading is lawfully issued in a set of parts, each of which contains an identification code and is expressed to be valid only if the goods have not been delivered against another part, the whole of the parts constitutes one bill. (c) If a tangible negotiable bill of lading is lawfully issued in a set of parts and different parts are negotiated to different persons, the title of the holder to whom the first due negotiation is made prevails as to both the document of title and the goods even if a later holder may have received the goods from the carrier in good faith and discharged the carrier's obligation by surrendering its part. (d) A person who negotiates or transfers a single part of a tangible bill of lading issued in a set is liable to holders of that part as if it were the whole set. (e) The bailee shall deliver in accordance with AS 45.07.401 - 45.07.404 against the first presented part of a tangible bill of lading lawfully issued in a set. Delivery in this manner discharges the bailee's obligation on the whole bill.
AK Stat § 45.07.305 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.305. Destination bills.

(a) Instead of issuing a bill of lading to the consignor at the place of shipment, a carrier may, at the request of the consignor, procure the bill to be issued at destination or at any other place designated in the request. (b) Upon request of a person entitled as against a carrier to control the goods while in transit and on surrender of possession or control of an outstanding bill of lading or other receipt covering the goods, the issuer, subject to AS 45.07.115, may procure a substitute bill to be issued at a place designated in the request.
AK Stat § 45.07.306 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.306. Altered bills of lading.

An unauthorized alteration or filling in of a blank in a bill of lading leaves the bill enforceable according to its original tenor.
AK Stat § 45.07.307 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.307. Lien of carrier.

(a) A carrier has a lien on the goods covered by a bill of lading or on the proceeds of the goods in its possession for charges after the date of the carrier's receipt of the goods for storage or transportation, including demurrage and terminal charges, and for expenses necessary for preservation of the goods incident to their transportation or reasonably incurred in their sale under law. However, against a purchaser for value of a negotiable bill of lading, a carrier's lien is limited to charges stated in the bill or the applicable tariffs, or, if no charges are stated, to a reasonable charge. (b) A lien for charges and expenses under (a) of this section on goods that the carrier was required by law to receive for transportation is effective against the consignor or a person entitled to the goods unless the carrier had notice that the consignor lacked authority to subject the goods to the charges and expenses. Another lien under (a) of this section is effective against the consignor and a person who permitted the bailor to have control or possession of the goods unless the carrier had notice that the bailor lacked authority. (c) A carrier loses its lien on goods that the carrier voluntarily delivers or unjustifiably refuses to deliver.
AK Stat § 45.07.308 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.308. Enforcement of carrier's lien.

(a) A carrier's lien on goods may be enforced by public or private sale of the goods, in bulk or in packages, at any time or place, and on terms that are commercially reasonable, after notifying all persons known to claim an interest in the goods. The notification must include a statement of the amount due, the nature of the proposed sale, and the time and place of any public sale. The fact that a better price could have been obtained by a sale at a different time or by a method different from that selected by the carrier is not of itself sufficient to establish that the sale was not made in a commercially reasonable manner. The carrier sells goods in a commercially reasonable manner if the carrier sells the goods in the usual manner in a recognized market for them, sells at the price current in that market at the time of the sale, or otherwise sells in conformity with commercially reasonable practices among dealers in the type of goods sold. A sale of more goods than apparently necessary to be offered to ensure satisfaction of the obligation is not commercially reasonable except in cases covered by the preceding sentence. (b) Before a sale under this section, a person claiming a right in the goods may pay the amount necessary to satisfy the lien and the reasonable expenses incurred in complying with this section. In that event, the goods may not be sold but must be retained by the carrier, subject to the terms of the bill of lading and this chapter. (c) A carrier may buy at a public sale under this section. (d) A purchaser in good faith of goods sold to enforce a carrier's lien takes the goods free of the rights of persons against whom the lien was valid, despite the carrier's noncompliance with this section. (e) A carrier may satisfy the carrier's lien from the proceeds of a sale under this section, but shall hold the balance, if any, for delivery on demand to a person to whom the carrier would have been bound to deliver the goods. (f) The rights provided by this section are in addition to all other rights allowed by law to a creditor against a debtor. (g) A carrier's lien may be enforced in accordance with either (a) of this section or the procedure set out in AS 45.07.210(b). (h) A carrier is liable for damages caused by failure to comply with the requirements for sale under this section and, in case of wilful violation, is liable for conversion.
AK Stat § 45.07.309 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 3. Bills of Lading: Special Provisions.|Sec. 45.07.309. Duty of care; contractual limitation of carrier's liability.

(a) A carrier who issues a bill of lading, whether negotiable or nonnegotiable, shall exercise the degree of care in relation to the goods that a reasonably careful person would exercise under similar circumstances. This subsection does not affect a statute, regulation, or rule of law that imposes liability on a common carrier for damages not caused by its negligence. (b) Damages may be limited by a term in the bill of lading or in a transportation agreement that the carrier's liability may not exceed a value stated in the bill or transportation agreement if the carrier's rates are dependent on value and the consignor is afforded an opportunity to declare a higher value and the consigner is advised of this opportunity. However, the limitation is not effective with respect to the carrier's liability for conversion to its own use. (c) Reasonable provisions as to the time and manner of presenting claims and commencing actions based on the shipment may be included in a bill of lading or a transportation agreement.
AK Stat § 45.07.401 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 4. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: General Obligations.|Sec. 45.07.401. Irregularities in issue of receipt or bill or conduct of issuer.

The obligations imposed by this chapter on an issuer apply to a document of title even if (1) the document does not comply with the requirements of this chapter or another statute, a regulation, or another rule of law regarding its issuance, form, or content; (2) the issuer violated laws regulating the conduct of the issuer's business; (3) the goods covered by the document were owned by the bailee when the document was issued; or (4) the person issuing the document is not a warehouse but the document purports to be a warehouse receipt.
AK Stat § 45.07.402 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 4. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: General Obligations.|Sec. 45.07.402. Duplicate document of title; overissue.

A duplicate or another document of title purporting to cover goods already represented by an outstanding document of the same issuer does not confer a right in the goods, except as provided in the case of tangible bills of lading in a set of parts, overissue of documents for fungible goods, substitutes for lost, stolen, or destroyed documents, or substitute documents issued under AS 45.07.115. The issuer is liable for damages caused by the issuer's overissue or failure to identify a duplicate document by a conspicuous notation.
AK Stat § 45.07.403 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 4. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: General Obligations.|Sec. 45.07.403. Obligation of bailee to deliver; excuse.

(a) A bailee shall deliver the goods to a person entitled under a document of title if the person complies with (b) and (c) of this section, unless and to the extent that the bailee establishes any of the following: (1) delivery of the goods to a person whose receipt was rightful as against the claimant; (2) damage to or delay, loss, or destruction of the goods for which the bailee is not liable; (3) previous sale or other disposition of the goods in lawful enforcement of a lien or on a warehouse's lawful termination of storage; (4) the exercise by a seller of its right to stop delivery under AS 45.02.705 or by a lessor of its right to stop delivery under AS 45.12.526; (5) a diversion, reconsignment, or other disposition under AS 45.07.303; (6) release, satisfaction, or another personal defense against the claimant; or (7) another lawful excuse. (b) A person claiming goods covered by a document of title shall satisfy the bailee's lien if the bailee requests the person to satisfy the lien or if the bailee is prohibited by law from delivering the goods until the charges are paid. (c) Unless the person claiming the goods is a person against whom the document of title does not confer a right under AS 45.07.503(a), (1) the person claiming under a document shall surrender possession or control of an outstanding negotiable document covering the goods for cancellation or indication of partial deliveries; and (2) the bailee shall cancel the document or conspicuously indicate in the document the partial delivery, or the bailee is liable to a person to whom the document is duly negotiated. (d) [Repealed, § 113 ch 44 SLA 2009.]
AK Stat § 45.07.404 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 4. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: General Obligations.|Sec. 45.07.404. No liability for good faith delivery under document of title.

A bailee who, in good faith, has received goods and delivered or otherwise disposed of the goods according to the terms of a document of title or under this chapter is not liable for the goods even if the person (1) from whom the bailee received the goods did not have authority to procure the document or to dispose of the goods; or (2) to whom the bailee delivered the goods did not have authority to receive the goods.
AK Stat § 45.07.501 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 5. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: Negotiation and Transfer.|Sec. 45.07.501. Form of negotiation and requirements of due negotiation.

(a) The following rules apply to a negotiable tangible document of title: (1) if the document's original terms run to the order of a named person, the document is negotiated by the named person's endorsement and delivery; after the named person's endorsement in blank or to bearer, a person may negotiate the document by delivery alone; (2) if the document's original terms run to bearer, it is negotiated by delivery alone; (3) if the document's original terms run to the order of a named person and it is delivered to the named person, the effect is the same as if the document had been negotiated; (4) negotiation of the document after it has been endorsed to a named person requires endorsement by the named person and delivery; (5) a document is duly negotiated if it is negotiated in the manner stated in this subsection to a holder who purchases it in good faith, without notice of a defense against or claim to it on the part of a person, and for value, unless it is established that the negotiation is not in the regular course of business or financing or involves receiving the document in settlement or payment of a monetary obligation. (b) The following rules apply to a negotiable electronic document of title: (1) if the document's original terms run to the order of a named person or to bearer, the document is negotiated by delivery of the document to another person; endorsement by the named person is not required to negotiate the document; (2) if the document's original terms run to the order of a named person and the named person has control of the document, the effect is the same as if the document had been negotiated; (3) a document is duly negotiated if it is negotiated in the manner stated in this subsection to a holder who purchases it in good faith, without notice of a defense against or claim to it on the part of a person, and for value, unless it is established that the negotiation is not in the regular course of business or financing or involves taking delivery of the document in settlement or payment of a monetary obligation. (c) Endorsement of a nonnegotiable document of title does not make it negotiable or add to the transferee's rights. (d) The naming in a negotiable bill of lading of a person to be notified of the arrival of the goods does not limit the negotiability of the bill or constitute notice to a purchaser of the bill of an interest of that person in the goods.
AK Stat § 45.07.502 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 5. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: Negotiation and Transfer.|Sec. 45.07.502. Rights acquired by due negotiation.

(a) Subject to AS 45.07.205 and 45.07.503, a holder to whom a negotiable document of title has been duly negotiated acquires by the due negotiation (1) title to the document; (2) title to the goods; (3) all rights accruing under the law of agency or estoppel, including rights to goods delivered to the bailee after the document was issued; and (4) the direct obligation of the issuer to hold or deliver the goods according to the terms of the document free of a defense or claim by the issuer except those arising under the terms of the document or under this chapter, but, in the case of a delivery order, the bailee's obligation accrues only upon the bailee's acceptance of the delivery order, and the obligation acquired by the holder is that the issuer and any endorser will procure the acceptance of the bailee. (b) Subject to AS 45.07.503, title and rights acquired by due negotiation are not defeated by a stoppage of the goods represented by the document of title or by surrender of the goods by the bailee and are not impaired even if (1) the due negotiation or a prior due negotiation constituted a breach of duty; (2) a person has been deprived of possession of a negotiable tangible document or control of a negotiable electronic document by misrepresentation, fraud, accident, mistake, duress, loss, theft, or conversion; or (3) a previous sale or other transfer of the goods or document has been made to a third person.
AK Stat § 45.07.503 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 5. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: Negotiation and Transfer.|Sec. 45.07.503. Document of title to goods defeated in certain cases.

(a) A document of title confers no right in goods against a person who, before issuance of the document, had a legal interest or a perfected security interest in the goods and who did not (1) deliver or entrust the goods or a document of title covering the goods to the bailor or the bailor's nominee with (A) actual or apparent authority to ship, store, or sell; (B) power to obtain delivery under AS 45.07.403; or (C) power of disposition under AS 45.02.403, AS 45.12.304(b), 45.12.305(b), AS 45.29.320, 45.29.321(c) or other statute or rule of law; or (2) acquiesce in the procurement by the bailor or its nominee of a document. (b) Title to goods based upon an unaccepted delivery order is subject to the rights of a person to whom a negotiable warehouse receipt or bill of lading covering the goods has been duly negotiated. That title may be defeated under AS 45.07.504 to the same extent as the rights of the issuer or a transferee from the issuer. (c) Title to goods based upon a bill of lading issued to a freight forwarder is subject to the rights of a person to whom a bill issued by the freight forwarder is duly negotiated. However, delivery by the carrier in accordance with AS 45.07.401 - 45.07.404 under its own bill of lading discharges the carrier's obligation to deliver.
AK Stat § 45.07.504 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 5. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: Negotiation and Transfer.|Sec. 45.07.504. Rights acquired in absence of due negotiation; effect of diversion; stoppage of delivery.

(a) A transferee of a document of title, whether negotiable or nonnegotiable, to whom the document has been delivered but not duly negotiated, acquires the title and rights that the transferor had or had actual authority to convey. (b) In the case of a transfer of a nonnegotiable document of title, until, but not after, the bailee receives notice of the transfer, the rights of the transferee may be defeated (1) by those creditors of the transferor who could treat the transfer as void under AS 45.02.402 or AS 45.12.308; (2) by a buyer from the transferor in ordinary course of business if the bailee has delivered the goods to the buyer or received notification of the buyer's rights; (3) by a lessee from the transferor in ordinary course of business if the bailee has delivered the goods to the lessee or received notification of the lessee's rights; or (4) as against the bailee, by good faith dealings of the bailee with the transferor. (c) A diversion or other change of shipping instructions by the consignor in a nonnegotiable bill of lading that causes the bailee not to deliver the goods to the consignee defeats the consignee's title to the goods if the goods have been delivered to a buyer in ordinary course of business or a lessee in ordinary course of business and, in any event, defeats the consignee's rights against the bailee. (d) Delivery of the goods under a nonnegotiable document of title may be stopped by a seller under AS 45.02.705 or a lessor under AS 45.12.526, subject to the requirement of due notification in those sections. A bailee who honors the seller's or lessor's instructions is entitled to be indemnified by the seller or lessor against a resulting loss or expense.
AK Stat § 45.07.505 (2021)
2021 Alaska Statutes|Title 45. Trade and Commerce|Chapter 07. Warehouse Receipts, Bills of Lading, and Other Documents of Title|Article 5. Warehouse Receipts and Bills of Lading: Negotiation and Transfer.|Sec. 45.07.505. Endorser not guarantor for other parties.

The endorsement of a tangible document of title issued by a bailee does not make the endorser liable for a default by the bailee or previous endorsers.