reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 15-11-605 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 6 - Rules of Construction Applicable Only to Wills|§ 15-11-605. Increase in Securities; Accessions

  If a testator executes a will that devises securities and the testator then owned securities that meet the description in the will, the devise includes additional securities owned by the testator at death to the extent the additional securities were acquired by the testator after the will was executed as a result of the testator's ownership of the described securities and are securities of any of the following types:   Securities of the same organization acquired by reason of action initiated by the organization or any successor, related, or acquiring organization, excluding any acquired by exercise of purchase options;    Securities of another organization acquired as a result of a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or other distribution by the organization or any successor, related, or acquiring organization; or    Securities of the same organization acquired as a result of a plan of reinvestment.       Distributions in cash before death with respect to a described security are not part of the devise.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1006, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 15-11-607 as it existed prior to 1995.   ANNOTATION   Absent a contrary intent by the testatrix, a specific devisee is entitled to receive any additional shares of stock resulting from action initiated by the issuing company, regardless of whether the issuing company takes action before or after execution of the will. Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Children v. United Bank of Denver, 821 P.2d 300 (Colo. App. 1991) (decided under former § 15-11-607 as it existed prior to the 1994 repeal and reenactment of this part).
CO Code § 15-11-607 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 6 - Rules of Construction Applicable Only to Wills|§ 15-11-607. Nonexoneration

 A specific devise passes subject to any mortgage interest existing at the date of death, without right of exoneration, regardless of a general directive in the will to pay debts.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1008, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 15-11-609 as it existed prior to 1995.
CO Code § 15-11-609 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 6 - Rules of Construction Applicable Only to Wills|§ 15-11-609. Ademption by Satisfaction

  Property a testator gave in his or her lifetime to a person is treated as a satisfaction of a devise in whole or in part, only if (i) the will provides for deduction of the gift, (ii) the testator declared in a contemporaneous writing that the gift is in satisfaction of the devise or that its value is to be deducted from the value of the devise, or (iii) the devisee acknowledged in writing that the gift is in satisfaction of the devise or that its value is to be deducted from the value of the devise.    For purposes of partial satisfaction, property given during lifetime is valued as of the time the devisee came into possession or enjoyment of the property or at the testator's death, whichever occurs first.    If the devisee fails to survive the testator, the gift is treated as a full or partial satisfaction of the devise, as appropriate, in applying sections 15-11-603 and 15-11-604, unless the testator's contemporaneous writing provides otherwise.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1008, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 15-11-612 as it existed prior to 1995.
CO Code § 15-11-703 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 7 - Rules of Construction Applicable to Wills and Other Governing Instruments|§ 15-11-703. Choice of Law as to Meaning and Effect of Governing Instrument

 The meaning and legal effect of a governing instrument is determined by the local law of the state selected by the transferor in the governing instrument, unless the application of that law is contrary to the provisions relating to the elective-share described in part 2 of this article, the provisions relating to exempt property and allowances described in part 4 of this article, or any other public policy of this state otherwise applicable to the disposition.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1012, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 15-11-602 as it existed prior to 1995.
CO Code § 15-11-708 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 7 - Rules of Construction Applicable to Wills and Other Governing Instruments|§ 15-11-708. Class Gifts to “Descendants”, “Issue”, or “Heirs of the Body”; Form of Distribution if None Specified

 If a class gift in favor of “descendants”, “issue”, or “heirs of the body” does not specify the manner in which the property is to be distributed among the class members, the property is distributed among the class members who are living when the interest is to take effect in possession or enjoyment, in such shares as they would receive, under the applicable law of intestate succession, if the designated ancestor had then died intestate owning the subject matter of the class gift.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1021, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.
CO Code § 15-11-710 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 7 - Rules of Construction Applicable to Wills and Other Governing Instruments|§ 15-11-710. Worthier-Title Doctrine Abolished

 The doctrine of worthier-title is abolished as a rule of law and as a rule of construction. Language in a governing instrument describing the beneficiaries of a disposition as the transferor's “heirs”, “heirs at law”, “next of kin”, “distributees”, “relatives”, or “family”, or language of similar import, does not create or presumptively create a reversionary interest in the transferor.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1022, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.
CO Code § 15-11-711 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 7 - Rules of Construction Applicable to Wills and Other Governing Instruments|§ 15-11-711. Interests in “Heirs” and Like

 If an applicable statute or a governing instrument calls for a present or future distribution to, or creates a present or future interest in, a designated individual's “heirs”, “heirs at law”, “next of kin”, “relatives”, or “family”, or language of similar import, the property passes to those persons in such shares as would succeed to the designated individual's intestate estate under the intestate succession law of the designated individual's domicile if the designated individual died when the donative disposition is to take effect in possession or enjoyment. If the designated individual's surviving spouse is living but is remarried at the time the interest is to take effect in possession or enjoyment, the surviving spouse is not an heir of the designated individual.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1022, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.
CO Code § 15-11-802 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 8 - General Provisions Concerning Probate and Nonprobate Transfers|§ 15-11-802. Effect of Divorce, Annulment, and Decree of Separation

  An individual who is divorced from the decedent or whose marriage to the decedent has been annulled is not a surviving spouse unless, by virtue of a subsequent marriage, he or she is married to the decedent at the time of death. A decree of separation that does not terminate the status of husband and wife is not a divorce for purposes of this section.    For purposes of parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 of this article, and of section 15-12-203, a surviving spouse does not include:   An individual who obtains or consents to a final decree or judgment of divorce from the decedent or an annulment of their marriage, which decree or judgment is not recognized as valid in this state, unless subsequently they participate in a marriage ceremony purporting to marry each to the other or enter into a common-law marriage;    An individual who, following an invalid decree or judgment of divorce or annulment obtained by the decedent, participates in a marriage ceremony or enters into a common-law marriage with a third individual; or    An individual who was a party to a valid proceeding concluded by an order purporting to terminate all marital property rights.        History. Source: L. 94: Entire part R&RE, p. 1027, § 3, effective July 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 15-11-802 as it existed prior to 1995.   ANNOTATION   This section in no way limits a testator's authority to bequeath property to a person by name, whether that person is a former spouse or not. What the statute does prevent is a former spouse from taking property which the decedent has expressly devised to the “surviving spouse”. Where a decedent has bequeathed property to a “surviving spouse” by specifically using the term “surviving spouse”, this section bars the former spouse from taking that property. Christensen v. Sabad, 773 P.2d 538 (Colo. 1989).   Applied in McDonald v. Hutchins, 43 Colo. App. 135, 602 P.2d 889 (1979).
CO Code § 15-11-805 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 8 - General Provisions Concerning Probate and Nonprobate Transfers|§ 15-11-805. Ownership of Personal Property Between Spouses

  For purposes of this article, tangible personal property in the joint possession or control of the decedent and his or her surviving spouse at the time of the decedent's death is presumed to be owned by the decedent and the decedent's spouse in joint tenancy with right of survivorship if ownership is not otherwise evidenced by a certificate of title, bill of sale, or other writing. This presumption shall not apply to:   Property acquired by either spouse before the marriage;    Property acquired by either spouse by gift or inheritance during the marriage;    Property used by the decedent spouse in a trade or business in which the surviving spouse has no interest; or    Property held for another.    (Deleted by amendment,L. 2002, p. 653, § 8, effective July 1, 2002.)       The presumption created in this section may be overcome by a preponderance of the evidence demonstrating that ownership was held other than in joint tenancy with right of survivorship.     History. Source: L. 99: Entire section added, p. 466, § 4, effective July 1. L. 2002: Entire section amended, p. 653, § 8, effective July 1.    ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Estate Planning Tools for Second Marriages”, see 45 Colo. Law. 45 (Dec. 2016).   Applied in In re Estate of Whittman, 220 P.3d 961 (Colo. App. 2009), aff'd, 233 P.3d 697 (Colo. 2010).
CO Code § 15-11-806 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 8 - General Provisions Concerning Probate and Nonprobate Transfers|§ 15-11-806. Reformation to Correct Mistakes

 The court may reform the terms of a governing instrument other than a trust that is governed by section 15-5-415 , even if unambiguous, to conform the terms to the transferor's intention if it is proved by clear and convincing evidence what the transferor's intent was and that the terms of the governing instrument were affected by a mistake of fact or law, whether in expression or inducement.   History. Source: L. 2009: Entire section added,(HB 09-1287), ch. 310, p. 1687, § 15, effective July 1, 2010. L. 2018: Entire section amended,(SB 18-180), ch. 169, p. 1193, § 10, effective January 1, 2019.    Cross references:   For provisions relating to the time of taking effect or the provisions for transition of this code, see § 15-17-101 .   COMMENT   Added in 2008, Section 2-805 is based on Section 415 of the Uniform Trust Code, which in turn was based on Section 12.1 of the Restatement (Third) of Property: Wills and Other Donative Transfers (2003).   Section 2-805 is broader in scope than Section 415 of the Uniform Trust Code because Section 2-805 applies but is not limited to trusts.   Section 12.1, and hence Section 2-805, is explained and illustrated in the Comments to Section 12.1 of the Restatement and also, in the case of a trust, in the Comment to Section 415 of the Uniform Trust Code.   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Correcting Documentary Misdescription With Reformation”, see 39 Colo. Law. 97 (Aug. 2010). For article, “Court-Approved Trust Modifications--Binding Effect on IRS and Tax Consequences”, see 41 Colo. Law. 55 (June 2012). For article, “Reformation: From Here to Uncertainty”, see 44 Colo. Law. 59 (Sept. 2015). For article, “Avoiding Pitfalls for Minor Beneficiaries of IRAs and Other Qualified Retirement Benefits”, see 46 Colo. Law. 47 (Oct. 2017).   This section is not a rule of construction. In re Estate of Ramstetter, 2016 COA 81 , 411 P.3d 1043.   Former spouse has standing to pursue reformation claim. Section 15-11-804 does not foreclose a former spouse from bringing a reformation claim pursuant to this section. In re Estate of Little, 2018 COA 169 , 433 P.3d 172.
CO Code § 15-11-807 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 8 - General Provisions Concerning Probate and Nonprobate Transfers|§ 15-11-807. Modification to Achieve Transferor's Tax Objectives

 To achieve the transferor's tax objectives, the court may modify the terms of a governing instrument other than a trust that is governed by section 15-5-416 in a manner that is not contrary to the transferor's probable intention. The court may provide that the modification has retroactive effect.   History. Source: L. 2009: Entire section added,(HB 09-1287), ch. 310, p. 1687, § 15, effective July 1, 2010. L. 2018: Entire section amended,(SB 18-180), ch. 169, p. 1193, § 11, effective January 1, 2019.    Cross references:   For provisions relating to the time of taking effect or the provisions for transition of this code, see § 15-17-101 .   COMMENT   Added in 2008, Section 2-806 is based on Section 416 of the Uniform Trust Code, which in turn was based on Section 12.2 of the Restatement (Third) of Property: Wills and Other Donative Transfers (2003).   Section 2-806 is broader in scope than Section 416 of the Uniform Trust Code because Section 2-806 applies but is not limited to trusts.   Section 12.2, and hence Section 2-806, is explained and illustrated in the Comments to Section 12.2 of the Restatement and also, in the case of a trust, in the Comment to Section 416 of the Uniform Trust Code.   ANNOTATION   Law reviews. For article, “Court-Approved Trust Modifications--Binding Effect on IRS and Tax Consequences”, see 41 Colo. Law. 55 (June 2012).
CO Code § 15-11-1001 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1001. Short Title

 This part 10 shall be known and may be cited as the “Uniform International Wills Act”.   History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 811, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1002 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1002. Definitions

 As used in this part 10, unless the context otherwise requires:    “Authorized person” and “person authorized to act in connection with international wills” means a person who, by section 15-11-1010 or the laws of the United States, including members of the diplomatic and consular service of the United States designated by Foreign Service Regulations, is empowered to supervise the execution of international wills.    “International will” means a will executed in conformity with sections 15-11-1003 to 15-11-1006.     History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 811, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1003 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1003. International Wills - Validity

  A will is valid as regards form irrespective particularly of the place where it is made, of the location of the assets, and of the nationality, domicile, or residence of the testator, if it is made in the form of an international will complying with the requirements of this part 10.    The invalidity of a will as an international will does not affect its formal validity as a will of another kind.    This part 10 does not apply to the form of testamentary dispositions made by two or more persons in one instrument.     History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 811, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1004 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1004. International Wills - Requirements

  An international will shall be made in writing. It need not be written by the testator himself. It may be written in any language by hand or by any other means.    A testator shall declare in the presence of two witnesses and of a person authorized to act in connection with international wills that the document is his will and that he knows the contents thereof. Such testator need not inform the witnesses or the authorized person of the contents of the will.    In the presence of the witnesses and of the authorized person the testator shall sign the will or, if he has previously signed it, shall acknowledge his signature.    If the testator is unable to sign, the absence of his signature shall not affect the validity of the international will if such testator indicates the reason for his inability to sign and the authorized person makes note thereof on the will. In such case, it is permissible for any other person present, including the authorized person or one of the witnesses, at the direction of the testator, to sign the testator's name for him if the authorized person makes note of this on the will, but it is not required that any person sign the testator's name for him.    The witnesses and the authorized person shall there and then attest the will by signing in the presence of the testator.    The provisions of section 15-11-501 shall apply.     History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 812, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1005 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1005. International Wills - Other Points of Form

  All the signatures shall be placed at the end of the will. If the will consists of several sheets, each sheet must be signed by the testator or, if he is unable to sign, by the person signing on his behalf or, if there is no such person, by the authorized person. In addition, each sheet must be numbered.    The date of the will shall be the date of its signature by the authorized person. Such date shall be noted at the end of the will by the authorized person.    The authorized person shall ask the testator whether he wishes to make a declaration concerning the safekeeping of his will. If so and at the express request of the testator, the place where he intends to have his will kept shall be mentioned in the certificate provided for in section 15-11-1006.    A will executed in compliance with section 15-11-1004 shall not be invalid as an international will merely because it does not comply with this section.     History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 812, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1006 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1006. Certificate That Requirements for an International Will Have Been Met

  The authorized person shall attach to the will a certificate to be signed by him establishing that the requirements of this part 10 for valid execution of an international will have been fulfilled. The authorized person shall keep a copy of the certificate and deliver another to the testator.    The certificate shall be substantially in the following form:      CERTIFICATE 1. I, (name, address, and capacity), a person authorized to act in connection with international wills, 2. certify that on (date) at (place) 3. (testator) (name, address, and date and place of birth) in my presence and that of the witnesses 4. (a) (name, address, and date and place of birth) (b) (name, address, and date and place of birth) has declared that the attached document is his will and that he knows the contents thereof. *(c) (social security number or any other individual-identifying number established by law) 5. I furthermore certify that: 6. (a) In my presence and in that of the witnesses (1) the testator has signed the will or has acknowledged his signature previously affixed. *(2) following a declaration of the testator stating that he was unable to sign his will for the following reason , I have mentioned this declaration on the will, * and the signature has been affixed by (name and address) (to be completed if testator unable to sign) 7. (b) the witnesses and I have signed the will; 8. *(c) each page of the will has been signed by and numbered (to be completed if testator unable to sign); 9. (d) I have satisfied myself as to the identity of the testator and of the witnesses as designated above; 10. (e) the witnesses met the conditions requisite to act as such according to the law under which I am acting; *(f) the intended place of deposit of safekeeping of the instrument pending the death of the testator is . 11. *(g) the testator has requested me to include the following statement concerning the safekeeping of his will: 12. PLACE OF EXECUTION 13. DATE 14. SIGNATURE   * to be completed if appropriate   History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 812, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1007 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1007. Effect of Certificate

 In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the certificate of the authorized person is conclusive of the formal validity of the instrument as a will under this part 10. The absence or irregularity of a certificate does not affect the formal validity of a will under this part 10.   History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 814, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1008 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1008. Revocation

 An international will is subject to the rules of revocation of wills set forth in part 5 of this article.   History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 814, § 1, effective April 17.
CO Code § 15-11-1009 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 15 - Probate, Trusts, and Fiduciaries|Article 11 - Intestate Succession and Wills|Part 10 - International Wills|§ 15-11-1009. Source and Construction of This Part

 Sections 15-11-1001 to 15-11-1008 derive from Annex to Convention of October 26, 1973, Providing a Uniform Law on the Form of an International Will. In interpreting and applying this part 10, regard shall be had to its international origin and to the need for uniformity in its interpretation.   History. Source: L. 89: Entire part added, p. 814, § 1, effective April 17.