reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CO Code § 4-3-506 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Part 5 - Dishonor|§ 4-3-506. Recording Credit Card or Social Security Numbers Prohibited

  When payment is made by check or other negotiable instrument, a person shall not record or require the maker of the check to record a credit card or social security number given as identification or proof of creditworthiness.    Subsection (a) of this section shall not prohibit:   The recording of a credit card number when a check or other negotiable instrument is issued to pay the credit card designated by the credit card number.      The recording of a person's social security number on a check or other negotiable instrument issued to pay a student loan. (2) (i) The recording of a person's social security number on a check or other negotiable instrument issued to pay a student loan.       The recording of a person's social security number on a bonafide loan application.         (c) Subsection (a) of this section shall not prohibit a person from requesting a purchaser of goods or services to display a credit card as indication of creditworthiness or identification if the only information about the credit card that is recorded is the type of credit card and the issuer of the credit card.   History. Source: L. 2003: Entire section added, p. 1337, § 1, effective August 6. L. 2004: (b)(2)(ii) amended, p. 574, § 29, effective July 1.
CO Code § 4-3-601 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Part 6 - Discharge and Payment|§ 4-3-601. Discharge and Effect of Discharge

  The obligation of a party to pay the instrument is discharged as stated in this article or by an act or agreement with the party which would discharge an obligation to pay money under a simple contract.    Discharge of the obligation of a party is not effective against a person acquiring rights of a holder in due course of the instrument without notice of the discharge.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire article R&RE, p. 876, § 1, effective January 1, 1995.    Cross references:   For offenses relating to this title, see part 5 of article 5 of title 18.   Official Comments   Copyright by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. Reproduced with the permission of the Permanent Editorial Board for the Uniform Commercial Code. All rights reserved. —   Editor's note:   The Official Comments to the Uniform Commercial Code are available only in the printed book form of Colorado Revised Statutes. As noted above, the Official Comments are subject to copyright by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. At this time, Colorado has a license to reprint the Official Comments in the printed book form.   Editor's note:   This article was numbered as article 3 of chapter 155, C.R.S. 1963. The provisions of this article were repealed and reenacted in 1994, resulting in the addition, relocation, and elimination of sections as well as subject matter. For amendments to this article prior to 1994, consult the Colorado statutory research explanatory note and the table itemizing the replacement volumes and supplements to the original volume of C.R.S. 1973 beginning on page vii in the front of this volume. Former C.R.S. section numbers are shown in editor's notes following those sections that were relocated.   Editor's note:   This section is similar to former §§ 4-3-601 and 4-3-602 as they existed prior to 1994.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   Subsection (a) replaces subsections (1) and (2) of former Section 3-601. Subsection (b) restates former Section 3-602. Notice of discharge is not treated as notice of a defense that prevents holder in due course status. Section 3-302(b). Discharge is effective against a holder in due course only if the holder had notice of the discharge when holder in due course status was acquired. For example, if an instrument bearing a canceled indorsement is taken by a holder, the holder has notice that the indorser has been discharged. Thus, the discharge is effective against the holder even if the holder is a holder in due course.   ANNOTATION   Applied in Farner v. Cole, 778 P.2d 688 (Colo. 1989).
CO Code § 4-3-603 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments|Part 6 - Discharge and Payment|§ 4-3-603. Tender of Payment

  If tender of payment of an obligation to pay an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument, the effect of tender is governed by principles of law applicable to tender of payment under a simple contract.    If tender of payment of an obligation to pay an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument and the tender is refused, there is discharge, to the extent of the amount of the tender, of the obligation of an indorser or accommodation party having a right of recourse with respect to the obligation to which the tender relates.    If tender of payment of an amount due on an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument, the obligation of the obligor to pay interest after the due date on the amount tendered is discharged. If presentment is required with respect to an instrument and the obligor is able and ready to pay on the due date at every place of payment stated in the instrument, the obligor is deemed to have made tender of payment on the due date to the person entitled to enforce the instrument.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire article R&RE, p. 877, § 1, effective January 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 4-3-604 as it existed prior to 1994.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   Section 3-603 replaces former Section 3-604. Subsection (a) generally incorporates the law of tender of payment applicable to simple contracts. Subsections (b) and (c) state particular rules. Subsection (b) replaces former Section 3-604(2). Under subsection (b) refusal of a tender of payment discharges any indorser or accommodation party having a right of recourse against the party making the tender. Subsection (c) replaces former Section 3-604(1) and (3).
CO Code § 4-4-106 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|§ 4-4-106. Payable Through or Payable at Bank - Collecting Bank

  If an item states that it is “payable through” a bank identified in the item, (i) the item designates the bank as a collecting bank and does not by itself authorize the bank to pay the item, and (ii) the item may be presented for payment only by or through the bank.    If an item states that it is “payable at” a bank identified in the item, (i) the item designates the bank as a collecting bank and does not by itself authorize the bank to pay the item, and (ii) the item may be presented for payment only by or through the bank.    If a draft names a nonbank drawee and it is unclear whether a bank named in the draft is a co-drawee or a collecting bank, the bank is a collecting bank.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 883, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. This section replaces former Sections 3-120 and 3-121. Some items are made “payable through” a particular bank. Subsection (a) states that such language makes the bank a collecting bank and not a payor bank. An item identifying a “payable through” bank can be presented for payment to the drawee only by the “payable through” bank. The item cannot be presented to the drawee over the counter for immediate payment or by a collecting bank other than the “payable through” bank.   2. Subsection (b) retains the alternative approach of the present law. Under Alternative A a note payable at a bank is the equivalent of a draft drawn on the bank and the midnight deadline provisions of Sections 4-301 and 4-302 apply. Under Alternative B a “payable at” bank is in the same position as a “payable through” bank under subsection (a).   3. Subsection (c) rejects the view of some cases that a bank named below the name of a drawee is itself a drawee. The commercial understanding is that this bank is a collecting bank and is not accountable under Section 4-302 for holding an item beyond its deadline. The liability of the bank is governed by Sections 4-202(a) and 4-103(e).
CO Code § 4-4-108 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|§ 4-4-108. Time of Receipt of Items

  For the purpose of allowing time to process items, prove balances, and make the necessary entries on its books to determine its position for the day, a bank may fix an afternoon hour of 2 p.m. or later as a cutoff hour for the handling of money and items and the making of entries on its books.    An item or deposit of money received on any day after a cutoff hour so fixed or after the close of the banking day may be treated as being received at the opening of the next banking day.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 884, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 4-4-107 as it existed prior to 1994, and the former § 4-4-108 was relocated to § 4-4-109 .   OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. Each of the huge volume of checks processed each day must go through a series of accounting procedures that consume time. Many banks have found it necessary to establish a cutoff hour to allow time for these procedures to be completed within the time limits imposed by Article 4. Subsection (a) approves a cutoff hour of this type provided it is not earlier than 2 P.M. Subsection (b) provides that if such a cutoff hour is fixed, items received after the cutoff hour may be treated as being received at the opening of the next banking day. If the number of items received either through the mail or over the counter tends to taper off radically as the afternoon hours progress, a 2 P.M. cutoff hour does not involve a large portion of the items received but at the same time permits a bank using such a cutoff hour to leave its doors open later in the afternoon without forcing into the evening the completion of its settling and proving process.   2. The provision in subsection (b) that items or deposits received after the close of the banking day may be treated as received at the opening of the next banking day is important in cases in which a bank closes at twelve or one o'clock, e.g., on a Saturday, but continues to receive some items by mail or over the counter if, for example, it opens Saturday evening for the limited purpose of receiving deposits and cashing checks.
CO Code § 4-4-111 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 1 - General Provisions and Definitions|§ 4-4-111. Statute of Limitations

 An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this article must be commenced within three years after the cause of action accrues.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 885, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section conforms to the period of limitations set by Section 3-118(g) for actions for breach of warranty and to enforce other obligations, duties or rights arising under Article 3. Bracketing “cause of action” recognizes that some states use a different term, such as “claim for relief.”
CO Code § 4-4-203 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2 - Collection of Items - Depositary and Collecting Banks|§ 4-4-203. Effect of Instructions

 Subject to article 3 of this title concerning conversion of instruments (section 4-3-420 ) and restrictive indorsements (section 4-3-206 ), only a collecting bank's transferor can give instructions that affect the bank or constitute notice to it, and a collecting bank is not liable to prior parties for any action taken pursuant to the instructions or in accordance with any agreement with its transferor.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 886, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section adopts a “chain of command” theory which renders it unnecessary for an intermediary or collecting bank to determine whether its transferor is “authorized” to give the instructions. Equally the bank is not put on notice of any “revocation of authority” or “lack of authority” by notice received from any other person. The desirability of speed in the collection process and the fact that, by reason of advances made, the transferor may have the paramount interest in the item requires the rule.   The section is made subject to the provisions of Article 3 concerning conversion of instruments (Section 3-420) and restrictive indorsements (Section 3-206). Of course instructions from or an agreement with its transferor does not relieve a collecting bank of its general obligation to exercise good faith and ordinary care. See Section 4-103(a). If in any particular case a bank has exercised good faith and ordinary care and is relieved of responsibility by reason of instructions of or an agreement with its transferor, the owner of the item may still have a remedy for loss against the transferor (another bank) if such transferor has given wrongful instructions.   The rules of the section are applied only to collecting banks. Payor banks always have the problem of making proper payment of an item; whether such payment is proper should be based upon all of the rules of Articles 3 and 4 and all of the facts of any particular case, and should not be dependent exclusively upon instructions from or an agreement with a person presenting the item.
CO Code § 4-4-206 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2 - Collection of Items - Depositary and Collecting Banks|§ 4-4-206. Transfer Between Banks

 Any agreed method that identifies the transferor bank is sufficient for the item's further transfer to another bank.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 887, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section is designed to permit the simplest possible form of transfer from one bank to another, once an item gets in the bank collection chain, provided only identity of the transferor bank is preserved. This is important for tracing purposes and if recourse is necessary. However, since the responsibilities of the various banks appear in the Article it becomes unnecessary to have liability or responsibility depend on more formal indorsements. Simplicity in the form of transfer is conducive to speed. If the transfer is between banks, this section takes the place of the more formal requirements of Section 3-201.
CO Code § 4-4-211 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2 - Collection of Items - Depositary and Collecting Banks|§ 4-4-211. When Bank Gives Value for Purposes of Holder in Due Course

 For purposes of determining its status as a holder in due course, a bank has given value to the extent it has a security interest in an item, if the bank otherwise complies with the requirements of section 4-3-302 on what constitutes a holder in due course.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 892, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 4-4-209 as it existed prior to 1994, and the former § 4-4-211 was relocated to § 4-4-213 .   OFFICIAL COMMENT   The section completes the thought of the previous section and makes clear that a security interest in an item is “value” for the purpose of determining the holder's status as a holder in due course. The provision is in accord with the prior law (N.I.L. Section 27) and with Article 3 (Section 3-303). The section does not prescribe a security interest under Section 4-210 as a test of “value” generally because the meaning of “value” under other Articles is adequately defined in Section 1-201.
CO Code § 4-4-212 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 2 - Collection of Items - Depositary and Collecting Banks|§ 4-4-212. Presentment by Notice of Item Not Payable By, Through, or at a Bank - Liability of Drawer or Indorser

  Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank may present an item not payable by, through, or at a bank by sending to the party to accept or pay a written notice that the bank holds the item for acceptance or payment. The notice must be sent in time to be received on or before the day when presentment is due and the bank must meet any requirement of the party to accept or pay under section 4-3-501 by the close of the bank's next banking day after it knows of the requirement.    If presentment is made by notice and payment, acceptance, or request for compliance with a requirement under section 4-3-501 is not received by the close of business on the day after maturity or, in the case of demand items, by the close of business on the third banking day after notice was sent, the presenting bank may treat the item as dishonored and charge any drawer or indorser by sending it notice of the facts.     History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 892, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    Editor's note:   This section is similar to former § 4-4-210 as it existed prior to 1994, and the former § 4-4-212 was relocated to § 4-4-214 .   OFFICIAL COMMENT   1. This section codifies a practice extensively followed in presentation of trade acceptances and documentary and other drafts drawn on nonbank payors. It imposes a duty on the payor to respond to the notice of the item if the item is not to be considered dishonored. Notice of such a dishonor charges drawers and indorsers. Presentment under this section is good presentment under Article 3. See Section 3-501.   2. A drawee not receiving notice is not, of course, liable to the drawer for wrongful dishonor.   3. A bank so presenting an instrument must be sufficiently close to the drawee to be able to exhibit the instrument on the day it is requested to do so or the next business day at the latest.
CO Code § 4-4-404 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 4 - Relationship Between Payor Bank and Its Customer|§ 4-4-404. Bank Not Obligated to Pay Check More Than Six Months Old

 A bank is under no obligation to a customer having a checking account to pay a check, other than a certified check, which is presented more than six months after its date, but it may charge its customer's account for a payment made thereafter in good faith.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 900, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section incorporates a type of statute that had been adopted in 26 jurisdictions before the Code. The time limit is set at six months because banking and commercial practice regards a check outstanding for longer than that period as stale, and a bank will normally not pay such a check without consulting the depositor. It is therefore not required to do so, but is given the option to pay because it may be in a position to know, as in the case of dividend checks, that the drawer wants payment made.   Certified checks are excluded from the section because they are the primary obligation of the certifying bank (Sections 3-409 and 3-413). The obligation runs directly to the holder of the check. The customer's account was presumably charged when the check was certified.
CO Code § 4-4-501 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 5 - Collection of Documentary Drafts|§ 4-4-501. Handling of Documentary Drafts - Duty to Send for Presentment and to Notify Customer of Dishonor

 A bank that takes a documentary draft for collection shall present or send the draft and accompanying documents for presentment and, upon learning that the draft has not been paid or accepted in due course, shall seasonably notify its customer of the fact even though it may have discounted or bought the draft or extended credit available for withdrawal as of right.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 903, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    Cross references:   For offenses relating to this title, see part 5 of article 5 of title 18.   Official Comments   Copyright by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. Reproduced with the permission of the Permanent Editorial Board for the Uniform Commercial Code. All rights reserved. —   Editor's note:   The Official Comments to the Uniform Commercial Code are available only in the printed book form of Colorado Revised Statutes. As noted above, the Official Comments are subject to copyright by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. At this time, Colorado has a license to reprint the Official Comments in the printed book form.   Editor's note:   This article was numbered as article 4 of chapter 155, C.R.S. 1963. This article was amended with relocations in 1994, resulting in the addition, relocation, and elimination of sections as well as subject matter. For amendments to this article prior to 1994, consult the Colorado statutory research explanatory note and the table itemizing the replacement volumes and supplements to the original volume of C.R.S. 1973 beginning on page vii in the front of this volume. Former C.R.S. section numbers are shown in editor's notes following those sections that were relocated.   OFFICIAL COMMENT   This section states the duty of a bank handling a documentary draft for a customer. “Documentary draft” is defined in Section 4-104. The duty stated exists even if the bank has bought the draft. This is because to the customer the draft normally represents an underlying commercial transaction, and if that is not going through as planned the customer should know it promptly.
CO Code § 4-4-502 (2021)
2021 Colorado Code|Title 4 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 4 - Bank Deposits and Collections|Part 5 - Collection of Documentary Drafts|§ 4-4-502. Presentment of “On Arrival” Drafts

 If a draft or the relevant instructions require presentment “on arrival”, “when goods arrive”, or the like, the collecting bank need not present until in its judgment a reasonable time for arrival of the goods has expired. Refusal to pay or accept because the goods have not arrived is not dishonor; the bank must notify its transferor of the refusal but need not present the draft again until it is instructed to do so or learns of the arrival of the goods.   History. Source: L. 94: Entire article amended with relocations, p. 903, § 2, effective January 1, 1995.    OFFICIAL COMMENT   The section is designed to establish a definite rule for “on arrival” drafts. The term includes not only drafts drawn payable “on arrival” but also drafts forwarded with instructions to present “on arrival.” The term refers to the arrival of the relevant goods. Unless a bank has actual knowledge of the arrival of the goods, as for example, when it is the “notify” party on the bill of lading, the section only requires the exercise of such judgment in estimating time as a bank may be expected to have. Commonly the buyer-drawee will want the goods and will therefore call for the documents and take up the draft when they do arrive.