reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-314 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-314 - Delivery or Payment to Minor or for Minor's Use and Benefit

    (a)    In this section, “disabled” has the meaning stated in 42 U.S.C. § 1382c(a)(3).    (b)    A custodian may deliver or pay to the minor or expend for the minor’s benefit so much of the custodial property as the custodian considers advisable for the use and benefit of the minor, without court order and without regard to:        (1)    The duty or ability of the custodian personally or of any other person to support the minor; or        (2)    Any other income or property of the minor which may be applicable or available for that purpose.    (c)    (1)    Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection, a custodian may transfer all or part of the custodial property to a qualified minor’s trust without a court order.        (2)    A transfer of custodial property to a qualified minor’s trust terminates the custodianship of that property to the extent of the transfer.        (3)    Custodial property created under a testamentary instrument may not be transferred under this subsection unless the transfer is expressly authorized by the instrument.        (4)    For an inter vivos transfer under this subsection to be valid, the instrument that created the custodial property shall contain in conspicuous type a statement that the transferor of the property elects to grant the custodian the authority to transfer all or part of the custodial property to a qualified minor’s trust without a court order.    (d)    If the minor is disabled, a custodian may, without court order, use all or part of the custodial property to establish or fund for the benefit of the minor:        (1)    A special needs trust, provided that the trustee is subject to the jurisdiction of a court, bonded, and required to file annual accountings of the trust;        (2)    A pooled asset special needs trust account, provided that the trust has been approved by the attorney general of the state where the minor resides; or        (3)    An ABLE account.    (e)    On petition of an interested person or the minor if the minor has attained the age of 14 years, the court may order the custodian to deliver or pay to the minor or expend for the minor’s benefit so much of the custodial property as the court considers advisable for the use and benefit of the minor.    (f)    A delivery, payment, or expenditure under this section is in addition to, not in substitution for, and does not affect any obligation of a person to support the minor.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-315 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-315 - Compensation of Custodian; Bond

    (a)    A custodian is entitled to reimbursement from custodial property for reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of the custodian’s duties.    (b)    Except for one who is a transferor under § 13-304 of this subtitle, a custodian has a noncumulative election during each calendar year to charge reasonable compensation for services performed during that year.    (c)    Except as provided in § 13-318(f) of this subtitle, a custodian need not give a bond.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-316 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-316 - Liability of Third Persons Dealing With Custodian

    A third person in good faith and without court order may act on the instructions of or otherwise deal with any person purporting to make a transfer or purporting to act in the capacity of a custodian and, in the absence of knowledge, is not responsible for determining:         (1)    The validity of the purported custodian’s designation;        (2)    The propriety of, or the authority under this subtitle for, any act of the purported custodian;        (3)    The validity or propriety under this subtitle of any instrument or instructions executed or given either by the person purporting to make a transfer or by the purported custodian; or        (4)    The propriety of the application of any property of the minor delivered to the purported custodian.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-317 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-317 - Claims Against Custodial Property

    (a)    A claim based on any of the following may be asserted against the custodial property by proceeding against the custodian in the custodial capacity, whether or not the custodian or the minor is personally liable:        (1)    On a contract entered into by a custodian acting in a custodial capacity;        (2)    For an obligation arising from the ownership or control of custodial property; or        (3)    On a tort committed during the custodianship.    (b)    A custodian is not personally liable:        (1)    On a contract properly entered into in the custodial capacity unless the custodian fails to reveal that capacity and to identify the custodianship in the contract; or        (2)    For an obligation arising from control of custodial property or for a tort committed during the custodianship unless the custodian is personally at fault.    (c)    A minor is not personally liable for an obligation arising from ownership of custodial property or for a tort committed during the custodianship unless the minor is personally at fault.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-319 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-319 - Accounting

    (a)    A minor who has attained the age of 14 years, the minor’s guardian of the person or legal representative, an adult member of the minor’s family, a transferor, or a transferor’s legal representative may petition the court for:        (1)    An accounting by the custodian or the custodian’s legal representative; or        (2)    A determination of responsibility, as between the custodial property and the custodian personally, for claims against the custodial property unless the responsibility has been adjudicated in an action under § 13-317 of this subtitle to which the minor or the minor’s legal representative was a party.    (b)    A successor custodian may petition the court for an accounting by the predecessor custodian.    (c)    The court, in a proceeding under this subtitle or in any other proceeding, may require or permit the custodian or the custodian’s legal representative to account.    (d)    If a custodian is removed under § 13-318(f) of this subtitle, the court shall require an accounting and order delivery of the custodial property and records to the successor custodian and the execution of all instruments required for transfer of the custodial property.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-320 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-320 - Transfer of Property to Minor

    The custodian shall transfer in an appropriate manner the custodial property to the minor or to the minor’s estate upon the earlier of:         (1)    The minor’s attainment of 21 years of age with respect to custodial property transferred under § 13-304, § 13-305, or § 13-306 of this subtitle;        (2)    The minor’s attainment of age 18 with respect to custodial property transferred under § 13-307 of this subtitle; or        (3)    The minor’s death.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-321 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-321 - Applicability of Subtitle

    This subtitle applies to a transfer within the scope of § 13-302 of this subtitle made on or after July 1, 1989 if:         (1)    The transfer purports to have been made under the Maryland Uniform Gifts to Minors Act; or        (2)    The instrument by which the transfer purports to have been made uses in substance the designation “As custodian under the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act” or “As custodian under the Uniform Transfers to Minors Act” of any other state, and the application of this subtitle is necessary to validate the transfer.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-322 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-322 - Validation of Prior Transfers

    (a)    Any transfer of custodial property as now defined in this subtitle made before July 1, 1989 is validated notwithstanding that there was no specific authority in the Maryland Uniform Gifts to Minors Act for the coverage of custodial property of that kind or for a transfer from that source at the time the transfer was made.    (b)    This subtitle applies to all transfers made before July 1, 1989 in a manner and form prescribed in the Maryland Uniform Gifts to Minors Act, except insofar as the application impairs constitutionally vested rights or extends the duration of custodianships in existence on the effective date of this subtitle.    (c)    With respect to the age of a minor for whom custodial property is held, this subtitle does not apply to custodial property held in a custodianship that terminated because of the minor’s attainment of the age of 18 before July 1, 1989.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-323 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-323 - Construction of Subtitle

    (a)    This subtitle shall be applied and construed to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of this subtitle among states enacting it.    (b)    This subtitle may not be construed as providing an exclusive method for making transfers to minors.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-323.1 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-323.1 - Award of Reasonable and Necessary Expenses for Prosecuting or Defending Proceeding

    (a)    In this section, “reasonable and necessary expense” includes:        (1)    Suit money;        (2)    Counsel fees; and        (3)    Costs.    (b)    At any point in a proceeding under this subtitle, the court may order either party to pay to the other party an amount for the reasonable and necessary expense of prosecuting or defending the proceeding.    (c)    Before ordering the payment, the court shall consider:        (1)    The financial resources and financial needs of both parties; and        (2)    Whether there was substantial justification for prosecuting or defending the proceeding.    (d)    On a finding by the court that there was an absence of substantial justification of a party for prosecuting or defending the proceeding, the court may award to the other party the reasonable and necessary expense of prosecuting or defending the proceeding.    (e)    The court may award reimbursement for any reasonable and necessary expense that previously has been paid.    (f)    As to any amount awarded for counsel fees, the court may:        (1)    Order that the amount awarded be paid directly to the lawyer; and        (2)    Enter judgment in favor of the lawyer.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-324 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 3 - Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act|Section 13-324 - Short Title

    This subtitle may be cited as the “Maryland Uniform Transfers to Minors Act”.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-401 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-401 - Definitions

    (a)    In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.    (b)    “Minor” means any person under 18 years of age:        (1)    Who actually resided in the State at the time of the happening of the occurrence out of which the claim, action, or judgment arises; or        (2)    Who actually resides in the State at the time money is paid to the minor or to any person acting for the minor because of a claim, action, or judgment in tort.    (c)    “Net sum” means:        (1)    The net amount due the minor or to any person acting for the minor after the deduction of the fee of the attorney and expenses; or        (2)    If the minor is not represented by an attorney, the amount due to the minor or to any person acting for the minor, by or on behalf of any person liable.    (d)    “The person responsible for the payment of the money” means:        (1)    The attorney, if the minor or any person acting for the minor is represented by an attorney; or        (2)    Any defendant, insurer, or the State under the provisions of the Unsatisfied Claim and Judgment Fund Law, if the minor or any person acting for the minor is not represented by an attorney.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-402 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-402 - Statement of Policy

    It is public policy of the State that any substantial sum of money paid to a minor because of a claim, action, or judgment in tort should be preserved for the benefit of the minor.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-403 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-403 - Appointment of Trustee or Guardian for Minor

    (a)    Unless a court appoints a guardian of the property of a minor under subsection (c) of this section, if a minor or any other person in whose name a claim in tort is made or judgment in tort obtained on behalf of a minor recovers a net sum of $5,000 or more, the person responsible for the payment of the money shall make payment by check made to the order of “............................................. (name of trustee), trustee under Title 13 of the Estates and Trusts Article, Annotated Code of Maryland, for .............................. (name of minor), minor”.    (b)    No other act is necessary to constitute the person named a trustee.    (c)    (1)    In accordance with the procedures for the appointment of a guardian under Subtitle 2 of this title, the court may appoint a guardian of the property of a minor on whose behalf a recovery in tort is sought or has been obtained if the court determines that the appointment would be in the minor’s best interest.        (2)    The petition for guardianship may be made by an interested person or a trustee under this subtitle.    (d)    If a court appoints a guardian of the property of a minor under subsection (c) of this section and the minor or any other person in whose name a claim in tort is made or judgment in tort obtained on behalf of the minor recovers a net sum of $5,000 or more, the person responsible for the payment of the money shall make payment by check made to the order of “....................................................., (name of guardian), guardian under Title 13, Subtitle 2 of the Estates and Trusts Article, Annotated Code of Maryland, for .................................. (name of minor), minor”.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-404 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-404 - Bond Not Required; Deposit or Investment of Proceeds of Appointing Check

    (a)    The trustee need not give bond.    (b)    (1)    A trustee who receives a check under § 13-403 of this subtitle shall:            (i)    Subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection, deposit the check in any financial institution as defined in § 13-301 of this title; or            (ii)    Invest or reinvest the proceeds of the check, directly or by securities or other interests of a broker or dealer, in:                1.    General obligations of or obligations guaranteed by the United States or this State;                2.    Other obligations of the United States or this State or of its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities, or municipal corporations that are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by a nationally recognized credit rating agency; or                3.    Any open end management investment company or investment trust that is registered under the federal Investment Company Act of 1940, 15 U.S.C. § 80a-1 et seq., and that:                A.    Meets the criteria of a money market fund that are specified in the federal Investment Company Act and the regulations adopted under that law; or                B.    In a prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the federal government, states as a principal investment objective long-term growth or capital appreciation through investments in equity securities.        (2)    If the trustee deposits the check in a financial institution under paragraph (1)(i) of this subsection, the trustee may direct the financial institution to invest or reinvest the proceeds of the check in a certificate of deposit or other interest bearing account.        (3)    Deposits in a financial institution under paragraph (1)(i) of this subsection may not exceed the amount of insurance provided for such deposits.        (4)    Investments in money market funds under paragraph (1)(ii)3A of this subsection, investments in stock mutual funds under paragraph (1)(ii)3B of this subsection, and investments in any combination of both money market funds and stock mutual funds may not exceed 30% of the trust assets at the time of investment.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-405 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-405 - Court Order Required for Withdrawal

    (a)    Except on the order of a circuit court, the financial institution specified in § 13–404(b) of this subtitle may not allow the withdrawal of any of the money except to pay it to the minor on the minor’s attainment of the age of 18 years or to pay to the personal representative of the minor’s estate on the death of the minor before the minor’s attaining the age of 18 years.    (b)    Payment by any institution or association in accordance with an order of the court, or to a minor on or after the minor’s 18th birthday, or to the personal representative after the death of the minor, is a complete discharge of liability of the institution or association for the money paid.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-406 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-406 - Petition to Court for Withdrawal

    (a)    A trustee shall file a petition for withdrawal of any of the money of the minor in the original court action or in the equity court in the county where the money is on deposit.    (b)    (1)    The petition shall be verified and state in detail the purposes for which the withdrawal of the money is desired.        (2)    On receiving a petition, the court shall make any inquiry necessary before granting or denying the petition in whole or in part.    (c)    If money is desired for any purpose other than to pay for medical expenses of the minor, or to further the education of the minor, including reasonable expenditures for room and board, the court shall require a strong showing of necessity by the trustee in a hearing.    (d)    If the trustee dies or is discharged, a petition filed under this section shall include a prayer for the appointment of another trustee.    (e)    In its order on a petition, the court may direct the institution where the funds of the minor are on deposit to make its check to the order of:        (1)    The trustee for the use of the minor; or        (2)    The person, firm, or organization which has performed or is to perform a service for or furnish goods to the minor.    (f)    The court also may direct payment of a reasonable fee for an attorney and the costs of the proceedings, but may not in any event direct or provide for the payment of any fees or commissions to the trustee.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-407 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 4 - Recovery by Minor in Tort|Section 13-407 - Trustee Not Required to File Accounts

    The trustee provided for in this subtitle need not file any accounts of trusteeship with any court.
MD. Estates and Trusts Code Ann. §  13-501 (2021)
2021 Maryland Statutes|Estates and Trusts|Title 13 - Protection of Minors, Disabled Persons, Susceptible Adults, and Older Adults|Subtitle 5 - Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Minors|Section 13-501 - Payment or Delivery of Money or Chattels

    (a)    (1)    Any person, including but not limited to a personal representative or trustee, who is under a duty to pay or deliver money or tangible personal property to a minor may perform the duty by paying or delivering the money or chattel to the guardian of the minor.        (2)    If there is no guardian, or if the guardian is unknown, payment or delivery in amounts or values not exceeding $5,000 per annum may be made to the parent or grandparent of the minor with whom the minor resides.        (3)    If there is no guardian, parent, or grandparent with whom the minor resides, payment or delivery in amounts or values not exceeding $5,000 per annum may be made to a parent or other person standing in loco parentis with the minor, or deposited in a financial institution described in § 13–301(h) of this title.        (4)    The payor is not under a duty to inquire whether the minor has a guardian.    (b)    (1)    A deposit in a financial institution shall be in the sole name of the minor.        (2)    The minor may not withdraw any funds:            (i)    Without an order of court; or            (ii)    Until the minor attains majority.    (c)    (1)    Other than the minor or a financial institution, a person receiving money or property for a minor shall apply the money to the support and education of the minor.        (2)    A person receiving money or property for a minor may not pay himself or herself except for reimbursement for out–of–pocket expenses for goods and services furnished by others which are necessary for the support of the minor.        (3)    Any excess sums shall be preserved for future support of the minor, and any balance not so used and any tangible chattels received for the minor shall be turned over to the minor when the minor attains majority.    (d)    (1)    If a person owes money or property to a minor and pays or delivers it in accordance with this section, the person is not responsible for the proper application of the money or property.        (2)    A release for any distribution signed by the distributee is a valid release.