reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CT Gen Stat § 33-697 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-697 - Court-ordered meeting.

 (a) The superior court for the judicial district where a corporation's principal office or, if none in this state, its registered office is located may summarily order a meeting to be held: (1) On application of any shareholder of the corporation entitled to participate in an annual meeting if an annual meeting was not held or action by written consent in lieu thereof did not become effective within the earlier of six months after the end of the corporation's fiscal year or fifteen months after its last annual meeting; or (2) on application of a shareholder who signed a demand for a special meeting valid under section 33-696, if: (A) Notice of the special meeting was not given within thirty days after the date the demand was delivered to the corporation's secretary; or (B) the special meeting was not held in accordance with the notice.(b) The court may fix the time and place of the meeting, determine the shares entitled to participate in the meeting, specify a record date or dates for determining shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the meeting, prescribe the form and content of the meeting notice, fix the quorum required for specific matters to be considered at the meeting, or direct that the votes represented at the meeting constitute a quorum for action on those matters, and enter other orders necessary to accomplish the purpose or purposes of the meeting.(P.A. 94-186, S. 58, 215; P.A. 09-55, S. 6; P.A. 11-147, S. 3.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 09-55 amended Subsec. (a)(1) to authorize ordering of a meeting if action by written consent in lieu of annual meeting did not become effective within specified time period; P.A. 11-147 amended Subsec. (b) to authorize court to specify record “dates”.
CT Gen Stat § 33-700 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-700 - Waiver of notice.

 (a) A shareholder may waive any notice required by sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws before or after the date and time stated in the notice. The waiver must be in writing, be signed by the shareholder entitled to the notice and be delivered to the corporation for inclusion in the minutes or filing with the corporate records.(b) A shareholder's attendance at a meeting: (1) Waives objection to lack of notice or defective notice of the meeting, unless the shareholder at the beginning of the meeting objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting; (2) waives objection to consideration of a particular matter at the meeting that is not within the purpose or purposes described in the meeting notice, unless the shareholder objects to considering the matter when it is presented.(P.A. 94-186, S. 61, 215; P.A. 96-271, S. 51, 254.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 96-271 amended Subsec. (a) to replace “articles” of incorporation with “certificate” of incorporation, effective January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 33-701 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-701 - Record date.

 (a) The bylaws may fix or provide the manner of fixing the record date or dates for one or more voting groups in order to determine the shareholders entitled to notice of a shareholders' meeting, to demand a special meeting, to vote or to take any other action. If the bylaws do not fix or provide for fixing a record date, the board of directors of the corporation may fix a future date as the record date.(b) A record date fixed under this section may not be more than seventy days before the meeting or action requiring a determination of shareholders.(c) A determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a shareholders' meeting is effective for any adjournment of the meeting unless the board of directors fixes a new record date or dates, which it must do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than one hundred twenty days after the date fixed for the original meeting.(d) If a court orders a meeting adjourned to a date more than one hundred twenty days after the date fixed for the original meeting, it may provide that the original record date or dates continue in effect or it may fix a new record date or dates.(e) The record date for a shareholders' meeting fixed by or in the manner provided in the bylaws or by the board of directors shall be the record date for determining shareholders entitled both to notice of and to vote at the shareholders' meeting, unless in the case of a record date fixed by the board of directors and to the extent not prohibited by the bylaws, the board, at the time it fixes the record date for shareholders entitled to notice of the meeting, fixes a later record date on or before the date of the meeting to determine the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting.(P.A. 94-186, S. 62, 215; P.A. 11-147, S. 5.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 11-147 amended Subsecs. (a), (c) and (d) to allow record “dates” to be fixed and added Subsec. (e) re authority of board to fix different record dates for determining shareholders entitled to notice of the meeting and shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting.
CT Gen Stat § 33-702 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-702 - Chairperson to preside.

 (a) At each meeting of shareholders, a chairperson shall preside. The chairperson shall be appointed as provided in the bylaws or, in the absence of such provision, by the board of directors.(b) The chairperson, unless the certificate of incorporation or bylaws provide otherwise, shall determine the order of business and shall have the authority to establish rules for the conduct of the meeting.(c) Any rules adopted for, and the conduct of, the meeting shall be fair to shareholders.(d) The chairperson of the meeting shall announce at the meeting when the polls close for each matter voted upon. If no announcement is made, the polls shall be deemed to have closed upon the final adjournment of the meeting. After the polls close, no ballots, proxies or votes, nor any revocations or changes thereto, may be accepted.(P.A. 98-137, S. 4, 62; 98-219, S. 33, 34.)History: P.A. 98-137 effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 98-219 revised effective date of P.A. 98-137, but without affecting this section.
CT Gen Stat § 33-703 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-703 - Remote participation in annual and special meetings.

 (a) Shareholders of any class or series may participate in any meeting of shareholders by means of remote communication to the extent the board of directors authorizes such participation for such class or series. Participation by means of remote communication shall be subject to such guidelines and procedures as the board of directors adopts, and shall be in conformity with subsection (b) of this section.(b) Shareholders participating in a shareholders' meeting by means of remote communication shall be deemed present and may vote at such a meeting if the corporation has implemented reasonable measures: (1) To verify that each person participating remotely is a shareholder, and (2) to provide such shareholders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the shareholders, including an opportunity to communicate, and to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting, substantially concurrent with such proceedings.(P.A. 11-147, S. 2.)
CT Gen Stat § 33-705 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-705 - Voting entitlement of shares.

 (a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section or unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise, each outstanding share, regardless of class, is entitled to one vote on each matter voted on at a shareholders' meeting.(b) Absent special circumstances, the shares of a corporation are not entitled to vote if they are owned, directly or indirectly, by a second corporation, domestic or foreign, and the first corporation owns, directly or indirectly, a majority of the shares entitled to vote for directors of the second corporation.(c) Subsection (b) of this section does not limit the power of a corporation to vote any shares, including its own shares, held by it in a fiduciary capacity.(d) Redeemable shares are not entitled to vote after notice of redemption is mailed to the holders and a sum sufficient to redeem the shares has been deposited with a bank, trust company or other financial institution under an irrevocable obligation to pay the holders the redemption price on surrender of the shares.(e) A corporation may, by provision in its certificate of incorporation, confer upon holders of any debt securities issued or to be issued by the corporation, whether or not secured by mortgage or otherwise, such voting rights in respect of the corporate affairs and management of the corporation as may be therein provided.(P.A. 94-186, S. 64, 215; P.A. 96-271, S. 52, 53, 254.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 96-271 replaced “articles” of incorporation with “certificate” of incorporation where appearing, effective January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 33-707 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-707 - Shares held by nominees.

 (a) A corporation may establish a procedure by which the beneficial owner of shares that are registered in the name of a nominee is recognized by the corporation as the shareholder. The extent of this recognition may be determined in the procedure.(b) The procedure may set forth: (1) The types of nominees to which it applies; (2) the rights or privileges that the corporation recognizes in a beneficial owner; (3) the manner in which the procedure is selected by the nominee; (4) the information that must be provided when the procedure is selected; (5) the period for which selection of the procedure is effective; and (6) other aspects of the rights and duties created.(P.A. 94-186, S. 66, 215.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 33-708 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-708 - Corporation's acceptance or rejection of votes.

 (a) If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment corresponds to the name of a shareholder, the corporation if acting in good faith is entitled to accept the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment and give it effect as the act of the shareholder.(b) If the name signed on a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment does not correspond to the name of its shareholder, the corporation if acting in good faith is nevertheless entitled to accept the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment and give it effect as the act of the shareholder if:(1) The shareholder is an entity and the name signed purports to be that of an officer or agent of the entity;(2) The name signed purports to be that of an administrator, executor, guardian or conservator representing the shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence of fiduciary status acceptable to the corporation has been presented with respect to the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment;(3) The name signed purports to be that of a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy of the shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence of this status acceptable to the corporation has been presented with respect to the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment;(4) The name signed purports to be that of a pledgee, beneficial owner or attorney-in-fact of the shareholder and, if the corporation requests, evidence acceptable to the corporation of the signatory's authority to sign for the shareholder has been presented with respect to the vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment;(5) Two or more persons are the shareholder as cotenants or fiduciaries and the name signed purports to be the name of at least one of the co-owners and the person signing appears to be acting on behalf of all the co-owners.(c) The corporation is entitled to reject a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment if the secretary or other officer or agent authorized to tabulate votes, acting in good faith, has reasonable basis for doubt about the validity of the signature on it or about the signatory's authority to sign for the shareholder.(d) The corporation and its officer or agent who accepts or rejects a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment in good faith and in accordance with the standards of this section or subsection (b) of section 33-706 are not liable in damages to the shareholder for the consequences of the acceptance or rejection.(e) Corporate action based on the acceptance or rejection of a vote, consent, waiver or proxy appointment under this section or subsection (b) of section 33-706 is valid unless a court of competent jurisdiction determines otherwise.(P.A. 94-186, S. 67, 215; P.A. 98-137, S. 6, 62; 98-219, S. 33, 34.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 98-137 amended Subsecs. (d) and (e) to add reference to Sec. 33-706(b), effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 98-219 revised effective date of P.A. 98-137, but without affecting this section.
CT Gen Stat § 33-709 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-709 - Quorum and voting requirements for voting groups.

 (a) Shares entitled to vote as a separate voting group may take action on a matter at a meeting only if a quorum of those shares exists with respect to that matter. Unless the certificate of incorporation or sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive, provide otherwise, a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter by the voting group constitutes a quorum of that voting group for action on that matter.(b) Once a share is represented for any purpose at a meeting, it is deemed present for quorum purposes for the remainder of the meeting and for any adjournment of that meeting unless a new record date is or must be set for that adjourned meeting.(c) If a quorum exists, action on a matter, other than the election of directors, by a voting group is approved if the votes cast within the voting group favoring the action exceed the votes cast opposing the action, unless the certificate of incorporation or sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive, require a greater number of affirmative votes.(d) An amendment of the certificate of incorporation adding, changing or deleting a quorum or voting requirement for a voting group greater than specified in subsection (a) or (c) of this section is governed by section 33-711.(e) The election of directors is governed by section 33-712.(f) Whenever a provision of sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive, provides for voting of classes or series as separate voting groups, the rules provided in subsection (c) of section 33-798 for amendments of the certificate of incorporation apply to that provision.(P.A. 94-186, S. 68, 215; P.A. 96-271, S. 54, 254; P.A. 12-32, S. 11.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 96-271 replaced “articles” of incorporation with “certificate” of incorporation where appearing, effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 12-32 added Subsec. (f) re provisions providing for voting of classes or series as separate voting groups.
CT Gen Stat § 33-710 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-710 - Action by single and multiple voting groups.

 (a) If the certificate of incorporation or sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive, provide for voting by a single voting group on a matter, action on that matter is taken when voted upon by that voting group as provided in section 33-709.(b) If the certificate of incorporation or sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive, provide for voting by two or more voting groups on a matter, action on that matter is taken only when voted upon by each of those voting groups counted separately as provided in section 33-709. Action may be taken by one voting group on a matter even though no action is taken by another voting group entitled to vote on the matter.(P.A. 94-186, S. 69, 215; P.A. 96-271, S. 55, 254.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 96-271 replaced “articles” of incorporation with “certificate” of incorporation where appearing, effective January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 33-711 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-711 - Greater quorum or voting requirement.

 (a) The certificate of incorporation may provide for a greater quorum or voting requirement for shareholders, or voting groups of shareholders, than is provided for by sections 33-600 to 33-998, inclusive.(b) An amendment to the certificate of incorporation that adds, changes or deletes a greater quorum or voting requirement must meet the same quorum requirement and be adopted by the same vote and voting groups required to take action under the quorum and voting requirements then in effect or proposed to be adopted, whichever is greater.(P.A. 94-186, S. 70, 215; P.A. 96-271, S. 56, 254.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 96-271 replaced “articles” of incorporation with “certificate” of incorporation where appearing, effective January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 33-712 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-712 - Voting for directors. Cumulative voting.

 (a) Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the shares entitled to vote in the election at a meeting at which a quorum is present.(b) Shareholders do not have a right to cumulate their votes for directors unless the certificate of incorporation so provides.(c) A statement included in the certificate of incorporation that “all or a designated voting group of shareholders are entitled to cumulate their votes for directors”, or words of similar import, means that the shareholders designated are entitled to multiply the number of votes they are entitled to cast by the number of directors for whom they are entitled to vote and cast the product for a single candidate or distribute the product among two or more candidates.(d) Shares otherwise entitled to vote cumulatively may not be voted cumulatively at a particular meeting unless: (1) The meeting notice or proxy statement accompanying the notice states conspicuously that cumulative voting is authorized; or (2) a shareholder who has the right to cumulate votes gives notice to the corporation not less than forty-eight hours before the time set for the meeting of the shareholder's intent to cumulate votes during the meeting, and, if one shareholder gives this notice, all other shareholders in the same voting group participating in the election are entitled to cumulate their votes without giving further notice.(P.A. 94-186, S. 71, 215; P.A. 96-271, S. 57, 254; P.A. 09-55, S. 7.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 96-271 replaced “articles” of incorporation with “certificate” of incorporation where appearing, effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 09-55 amended Subsec. (d) to make technical changes.
CT Gen Stat § 33-713 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-713 - Inspectors.

 (a) A corporation having any shares listed on a national securities exchange or regularly traded in a market maintained by one or more members of a national or affiliated securities association shall, and any other corporation may, appoint one or more inspectors to act at a meeting of shareholders and make a written report of the inspectors' determinations. Each inspector shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of the inspector's ability.(b) The inspectors shall (1) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each; (2) determine the shares represented at a meeting; (3) determine the validity of proxies and ballots; (4) count all votes; and (5) determine the result.(c) An inspector may be an officer or employee of the corporation.(P.A. 98-137, S. 7, 62; 98-219, S. 33, 34.)History: P.A. 98-137 effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 98-219 revised effective date of P.A. 98-137, but without affecting this section.
CT Gen Stat § 33-715 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-715 - Voting trust.

 (a) One or more shareholders may create a voting trust, conferring on a trustee the right to vote or otherwise act for them, by signing an agreement setting out the provisions of the trust, which may include anything consistent with its purpose, and transferring their shares to the trustee. When a voting trust agreement is signed, the trustee shall prepare a list of the names and addresses of all voting trust beneficial owners, together with the number and class of shares each transferred to the trust, and deliver copies of the list and agreement to the corporation's principal office.(b) A voting trust becomes effective on the date the first shares subject to the trust are registered in the trustee's name.(c) Limits, if any, on the duration of a voting trust shall be as set forth in the voting trust, except that a voting trust that became effective on or before September 30, 2015, is valid for not more than ten years after its effective date unless such voting trust is: (1) Extended in accordance with the provisions of subsection (d) of this section; or (2) amended to provide otherwise by unanimous agreement of the parties to the voting trust.(d) All or some of the parties to a voting trust in effect on or before September 30, 2015, may extend such voting trust for additional terms of not more than ten years each by signing an extension agreement and obtaining the voting trustee's written consent to the extension. Such extension is valid for ten years from the date the first shareholder signs the extension agreement. The voting trustee must deliver copies of the extension agreement and list of beneficial owners to the corporation's principal office. An extension agreement binds only those parties signing the extension agreement.(P.A. 94-186, S. 72, 215; P.A. 15-48, S. 2.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997; P.A. 15-48 made a technical change in Subsec. (a), amended Subsec. (b) by deleting provision re voting trust is valid for not more than 10 years after its effective date, deleted former Subsec. (c) re extension of voting trust, added new Subsec. (c) re durational limits of voting trust as set forth in the voting trust, and added Subsec. (d) re process for extending durational limits of voting trust in effect on or before September 30, 2015.
CT Gen Stat § 33-716 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-716 - Voting agreement.

 (a) Two or more shareholders may provide for the manner in which they will vote their shares by signing an agreement for that purpose. A voting agreement created under this section is not subject to the provisions of section 33-715.(b) A voting agreement created under this section is specifically enforceable.(P.A. 94-186, S. 73, 215.)History: P.A. 94-286 effective January 1, 1997.
CT Gen Stat § 33-720 (2020)
2020 Connecticut General Statutes|Title 33 - Corporations|Chapter 601 - Business Corporations|Section 33-720 - Derivative proceedings. Definitions.

 As used in sections 33-720 to 33-727, inclusive:(1) “Derivative proceeding” means a civil suit in the right of a domestic corporation or, to the extent provided in section 33-727, in the right of a foreign corporation.(2) “Shareholder” includes a beneficial owner whose shares are held in a voting trust or held by a nominee on the beneficial owner's behalf.(P.A. 94-186, S. 75, 215.)History: P.A. 94-186 effective January 1, 1997.