reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 9-12-16 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 9-12-16. Validity of Judgment When Court Does Not Have Jurisdiction

 The judgment of a court having no jurisdiction of the person or the subject matter or which is void for any other cause is a mere nullity and may be so held in any court when it becomes material to the interest of the parties to consider it.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3513; Code 1868, § 3536; Code 1873, § 3594; Code 1882, § 3594; Civil Code 1895, § 5369; Civil Code 1910, § 5964; Code 1933, § 110-709.)   Cross references.   - For corresponding provision relating to criminal procedure, see § 17-9-4.   Law reviews.   - For comment on Musgrove v. Musgrove, 213 Ga. 610, 100 S.E.2d 577 (1957), upholding the validity of a divorce decree, see 20 Ga. B.J. 548 (1958).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   ANALYSIS    General Consideration   Jurisdiction   Specific Application    RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, §§ 22 et seq., 29.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 22 et seq.   ALR.    - Is service of notice or process in proceeding to vacate or modify judgment to be made upon owner of judgment or upon the attorney, 78 A.L.R. 370.    Right to attack consent judgment or decree on ground that it was not within scope of pleadings or was beyond the jurisdiction of the court, 86 A.L.R. 84.    Attack on judgment because of invalidity of contract on which it was rendered, 95 A.L.R. 1267.    Nonparty who acquires interest in property pending action or after judgment as within benefit of statute or rule providing for opening, vacating, or setting aside of judgments, 104 A.L.R. 697.    Mental incompetency at time of rendition of judgment in civil action as ground of attack upon it, 140 A.L.R. 1336.    Lapse of time as bar to action or proceeding for relief in respect of void judgment, 154 A.L.R. 818.    Extraterritorial effect of provision in decree of divorce as to custody of child, 160 A.L.R. 400.    Remedy available against invalid judgment in favor of United States, state, or other governmental unit immune to suit, 163 A.L.R. 244.    Constructive service of process in action against nonresident to set aside judgment, 163 A.L.R. 504.   Foreign divorce decree as subject to attack by spouse in state of which neither spouse is resident, 12 A.L.R.2d 382.   Setting aside default judgment for failure of statutory agent on whom process was served to notify defendant, 20 A.L.R.2d 1179.   Collateral attack on domestic nunc pro tunc judgment, 70 A.L.R.2d 1131.   Appealability of void judgment or of one granting or denying motion for vacation thereof, 81 A.L.R.2d 537.   Who, other than natural or adopting parents, or heirs of latter, may collaterally attack adoption decree, 92 A.L.R.2d 813.   Power of successor judge taking office during term time to vacate, set aside, or annul judgment entered by his or her predecessor, 51 A.L.R.5th 747.
GA Code § 9-12-17 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 9-12-17. When Creditors or Purchasers May Attack Judgment

 Creditors or bona fide purchasers may attack a judgment for any defect appearing on the face of the record or the pleadings or for fraud or collusion, whenever and wherever it interferes with their rights, either at law or in equity.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3515; Code 1868, § 3538; Code 1873, § 3596; Code 1882, § 3596; Civil Code 1895, § 5371; Civil Code 1910, § 5966; Code 1933, § 110-711.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 77 Am. Jur. 2d, Vendor and Purchaser, § 412 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 393 et seq.   ALR.    - Effect of reversal or vacation of judgment on execution sale, 29 A.L.R. 1071.    Mental incompetency at the time of rendition of judgment in civil action as ground of attack upon it, 34 A.L.R. 221; 140 A.L.R. 1336.    Criterion of extrinsic fraud as distinguished from intrinsic fraud, as regards relief from judgment on ground of fraud, 88 A.L.R. 1201.    Power of court to award alimony or property settlement in divorce suit as affected by failure of pleading or notice to make a claim therefor, 152 A.L.R. 445.
GA Code § 9-12-19 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 9-12-19. Judgment Suspended by Appeal

 Where a judgment is entered and, within the time allowed for entering an appeal, an appeal is entered, the judgment shall be suspended.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3488; Code 1868, § 3511; Code 1873, § 3569; Code 1882, § 3569; Civil Code 1895, § 5340; Civil Code 1910, § 5935; Code 1933, § 110-303.)   Cross references.   - For similar provisions, see § 5-3-7.   As to certiorari and appeals to appellate courts generally, see T. 5, C. 6.    As to staying of proceedings to enforce judgments generally, see § 9-11-62.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Suspension of judgment not to affect creditor's rights.   - While judgment is suspended upon the entering of an appeal, such suspension is not to affect the creditor's rights. In re Tinsley, 421 F. Supp. 1007 (M.D. Ga. 1976), aff'd, 554 F.2d 1064 (5th Cir. 1977).   Appeal from order appointing administrator.    - Appeal from an ordinary's (now probate judge) order appointing an administrator suspends the judgment, but it does not vacate the judgment. Shadburn Banking Co. v. Streetman, 180 Ga. 500, 179 S.E. 377 (1935).    Supersedeas deprives the trial court of jurisdiction to take further proceedings towards enforcement of the judgment superseded. Tyree v. Jackson, 226 Ga. 642, 177 S.E.2d 159 (1970).   Simultaneous state and federal actions.    - When simultaneous actions challenging the constitutionality of O.C.G.A. § 36-1-16 were pending in state and federal court, and an appeal from the federal district court order was pending, estoppel by judgment precluded state court consideration of the matter on appeal because judgments from a federal court remain binding during the pendency of an appeal and are not suspended. Mayor of Forsyth v. Monroe County, 260 Ga. 296, 392 S.E.2d 865 (1990).    Cited in New Amsterdam Cas. Co. v. Russell, 103 Ga. App. 553, 120 S.E.2d 150 (1961); Lexington Developers, Inc. v. O'Neal Constr. Co., 143 Ga. App. 440, 238 S.E.2d 770 (1977); Bell v. Bell, 247 Ga. App. 462, 543 S.E.2d 455 (2000); Amstead v. McFarland, 287 Ga. App. 135, 650 S.E.2d 737 (2007).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   C.J.S.   - 50 C.J.S., Judgments, § 850.   ALR.    - Appeal from award of injunction as stay or supersedeas, 93 A.L.R. 709.    Right of appeal from judgment or decree as affected by acceptance of benefit thereunder, 169 A.L.R. 985.   Defeated party's payment or satisfaction of, or other compliance with, civil judgment as barring his right to appeal, 39 A.L.R.2d 153.   Liability insurer's duty to pay injured person as affected by appeal or grant of new trial, or pendency of appeal or motion for new trial, from judgment against insured, or by the fact that time for appeal or motion for new trial has not expired, 31 A.L.R.3d 899.
GA Code § 9-12-20 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 9-12-20. Judgment When Security Given on Appeal

 In all cases of appeal where security has been given, the plaintiff or his attorney may enter judgment against the principal and his surety jointly and severally.   (Laws 1826, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 498; Code 1863, § 3490; Code 1868, § 3513; Code 1873, § 3571; Code 1882, § 3571; Civil Code 1895, § 5342; Civil Code 1910, § 5937; Code 1933, § 110-305.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appellate Review, §§ 325, 327.   ALR.    - Right of appeal from judgment or decree as affected by acceptance of benefit thereunder, 169 A.L.R. 985.
GA Code § 9-12-22 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 9-12-22. Effect of Transfer by Attorney; Ratification

 The transfer of a judgment by the attorney of record of the person in whose favor the judgment was entered shall be good to pass the title thereto as against every person except the person in whose favor judgment was entered or his assignee without notice. Ratification by the plaintiff shall estop him also from denying the transfer. Receipt of the money from the transfer shall be such a ratification.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3517; Code 1868, § 3540; Code 1873, § 3598; Code 1882, § 3598; Civil Code 1895, § 5375; Civil Code 1910, § 5970; Code 1933, § 110-902.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 170.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 832 et seq.   ALR.    - Payment of judgment by debtor without notice of its assignment, 32 A.L.R. 1021.   Enforceability of warrant of attorney to confess judgment against assignee, guarantor, or other party obligating himself for performance of primary contract, 5 A.L.R.3d 426.
GA Code § 9-12-23 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 1 - General Provisions|§ 9-12-23. Effect of Consent Judgment

 The consent of the parties to a judgment has the effect of removing any issuable defenses previously filed. After such a consent the court may render judgment without the verdict of a jury.    (Code 1981, §9-12-23, enacted by Ga. L. 1982, p. 1262, § 1.)
GA Code § 9-12-41 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 2 - Effect of Judgments|§ 9-12-41. Effect of Judgment in Rem

 A judgment in rem is conclusive upon everyone.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3750; Code 1868, § 3774; Code 1873, § 3827; Code 1882, § 3827; Civil Code 1895, § 5372; Civil Code 1910, § 5967; Code 1933, § 110-502.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 47 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 463 et seq.   15 Am. Jur. Pleading and Practice Forms, Judgments, § 93.   C.J.S.   - 50 C.J.S., Judgments, §§ 1382, 1383, 1388.   ALR.    - Reversal of judgment as affecting another judgment based on the reversed judgment and rendered pending the appeal, 81 A.L.R. 712.    Judgment against tort-feasor's insurer in action by injured person as res judicata in similar action by another person injured in same accident, 121 A.L.R. 890.    Decree of court of domicile respecting validity or construction of will, or admitting it or denying its admission to probate, as conclusive as regards real estate in another state devised by will, 131 A.L.R. 1023.   Judgment involving real property against the spouse as binding against other spouse not a party to the proceeding, 58 A.L.R.2d 701.   Jurisdiction on constructive or substituted service, in divorce or alimony action, to reach property within state, 10 A.L.R.3d 212.
GA Code § 9-12-43 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 2 - Effect of Judgments|§ 9-12-43. Parol Evidence Admissible

 Parol evidence shall be admissible to show that a matter apparently covered by a judgment was not really passed upon by the court.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2839; Code 1868, § 2847; Code 1873, § 2898; Code 1882, § 2898; Civil Code 1895, § 3743; Civil Code 1910, § 4337; Code 1933, § 3-608.)
GA Code § 9-12-63 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 3 - Dormancy and Revival of Judgments|§ 9-12-63. Issuance of Scire Facias; Copies; Service; Return

 A scire facias to revive a dormant judgment in the courts must issue from and be returnable to the court of the county in which the judgment was obtained. It shall be directed to all and singular the sheriffs of this state and shall be signed by the clerk of such court who shall make out copies thereof. An original and a copy shall issue for each county in which any party to be notified resides. A copy shall be served by the sheriff of the county in which the party to be notified resides 20 days before the sitting of the court to which the scire facias is made returnable and the original shall be returned to the clerk of the court from which it issued.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3525; Code 1868, § 3548; Code 1873, § 3607; Code 1882, § 3607; Civil Code 1895, § 5381; Civil Code 1910, § 5976; Code 1933, § 110-1006.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, §§ 391 et seq., 407 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 867.
GA Code § 9-12-64 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 3 - Dormancy and Revival of Judgments|§ 9-12-64. Revival on Motion After Service of Scire Facias; When Defendant Entitled to Jury Trial

 In all cases of scire facias to revive a judgment, when service has been perfected, the judgment may be revived on motion at the first term without the intervention of a jury unless the person against whom judgment was entered files an issuable defense under oath, in which case the defendant in judgment shall be entitled to a trial by jury as in other cases.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3527; Code 1868, § 3550; Code 1873, § 3609; Code 1882, § 3609; Civil Code 1895, § 5383; Civil Code 1910, § 5978; Code 1933, § 110-1008.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 405 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 867.
GA Code § 9-12-65 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 3 - Dormancy and Revival of Judgments|§ 9-12-65. Scire Facias When Judgment Transferred

 When a judgment has been transferred, the scire facias shall issue in the name of the original holder of the judgment for the use of the transferee.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3528; Code 1868, § 3551; Code 1873, § 3610; Code 1882, § 3610; Civil Code 1895, § 5384; Civil Code 1910, § 5979; Code 1933, § 110-1009; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 9.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 431 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 867.
GA Code § 9-12-66 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 3 - Dormancy and Revival of Judgments|§ 9-12-66. Venue of Action to Renew Judgment

 An action to renew a dormant judgment shall be brought in the county where the defendant in judgment resides at the commencement of the action.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 3523; Code 1868, § 3546; Code 1873, § 3605; Code 1882, § 3605; Civil Code 1895, § 5379; Civil Code 1910, § 5974; Code 1933, § 110-1004.)   Law reviews.   - For note discussing problems with venue in Georgia, and proposing statutory revisions to improve the resolution of venue questions, see 9 Ga. St. B.J. 254 (1972).   JUDICIAL DECISIONS    Cited in  Beckham v. A & W Oil & Tire Co. (In re Beckham), Bankr. (Bankr. S.D. Ga. Sept. 15, 2004).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 404.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 862.
GA Code § 9-12-67 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 3 - Dormancy and Revival of Judgments|§ 9-12-67. Revival of Judgment Against Nonresident; Service by Publication

 If the defendant in judgment or other party to be notified resides outside this state, a dormant judgment may be revived against such defendant or his representative by such process as is issued in cases in which the defendant resides in this state, provided that the defendant in judgment or other party to be notified shall be served with scire facias by publication in the newspaper in which the official advertisements of the county are published, twice a month for two months previous to the term of the court at which it is intended to revive the judgment, which service shall be as effectual in all cases as if the defendant or person to be notified had been personally served.   (Laws 1850, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 502; Code 1863, § 3526; Code 1868, § 3549; Code 1873, § 3608; Code 1882, § 3608; Civil Code 1895, § 5382; Civil Code 1910, § 5977; Code 1933, § 110-1007; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 9; Ga. L. 1984, p. 22, § 9.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 412.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 859.   ALR.    - Revival of judgment by constructive service of process upon nonresident, as affected by due process and full faith and credit clauses, 144 A.L.R. 403.    Conclusiveness of decree assessing stockholders or policyholders of insolvent corporations or mutual insurance companies, as against nonresidents, not personally served within state in which decree was rendered, 175 A.L.R. 1419.
GA Code § 9-12-68 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 3 - Dormancy and Revival of Judgments|§ 9-12-68. Revival of Dormant Decrees for Payment of Money

 Decrees for the payment of money shall become dormant like other judgments when not enforced and may be revived as provided by law for other judgments.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 4128; Code 1868, § 4160; Code 1873, § 4219; Code 1882, § 4219; Civil Code 1895, § 4861; Civil Code 1910, § 5434; Code 1933, § 37-1211.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.    - Survival statutory liability for support of relative, 96 A.L.R. 537.
GA Code § 9-12-82 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 4 - Judgment Liens|§ 9-12-82. When Money Judgment Outside County of Defendant's Residence Creates Lien Against Third Parties Without Notice

 As against bona fide purchasers for value without actual notice of a judgment or other third parties acting in good faith and without notice who have acquired a transfer or lien binding the defendant's property, no money judgment obtained in any court of this state or federal court in this state outside the county of the defendant's residence shall create a lien upon the property of the defendant located in any county other than that where obtained unless the execution issuing thereon is entered upon the general execution docket of the county of the defendant's residence within 30 days from the date of the judgment. When the execution is entered upon the docket after the 30 days, the lien shall date from such entry.   (Laws 1822, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 497; Ga. L. 1851-52, p. 238, § 1; Code 1863, § 3502; Code 1868, § 3525; Code 1873, § 3583; Ga. L. 1878-79, p. 143, § 2; Code 1882, § 3583; Ga. L. 1889, p. 1006, § 3; Civil Code 1895, §§ 2780, 5356; Civil Code 1910, §§ 3322, 5951; Code 1933, §§ 39-702, 110-512.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, § 351 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 784.   ALR.    - Conclusiveness of decree assessing stockholders or policyholders of insolvent corporations or mutual insurance companies, as against nonresidents, not personally served within state in which decree was rendered, 175 A.L.R. 1419.   Issuance or levy of execution as extending period of judgment lien, 77 A.L.R.2d 1064.
GA Code § 9-12-83 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 4 - Judgment Liens|§ 9-12-83. When Money Judgment Creates Lien on Land Located Outside County in Which Obtained Against Third Parties Without Notice

 No money judgment obtained in any court of this state or federal court in this state shall create any lien on land in any county other than that in which it was obtained as against the interests of third parties acting in good faith and without notice who have acquired a transfer or lien binding defendant's property unless at the time of the transfer or the acquisition of the lien the execution was recorded on the general execution docket in the county in which such land is located.   (Ga. L. 1914, p. 98, § 2; Code 1933, § 39-703.)
GA Code § 9-12-84 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 4 - Judgment Liens|§ 9-12-84. When Money Judgment Against Nonresident Creates Lien on Land Within State Against Third Parties Without Notice

  As against the interests of third parties acting in good faith and without notice who have acquired a transfer or lien binding any real estate situated in this state owned by a nonresident, no money judgment obtained in any court of this state or federal court in this state against the nonresident shall create a lien upon the real estate of the nonresident unless the execution issuing thereon is entered upon the general execution docket of the county in which the real estate is situated. When the execution is entered upon the docket, the lien shall date from such entry.   Nothing in this Code section shall be construed to affect the validity or force of any judgment as between the parties thereto.    (Ga. L. 1890-91, p. 207, §§ 1, 2; Civil Code 1895, §§ 2783, 2784; Civil Code 1910, §§ 3325, 3326; Code 1933, §§ 39-706, 39-707.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   ALR.   - Mere rendition, or formal entry or docketing, of judgment as prerequisite to issuance of valid execution thereon, 65 A.L.R.2d 1162.
GA Code § 9-12-85 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 4 - Judgment Liens|§ 9-12-85. Deeds, Mortgages, Judgments, or Liens Between Parties Not Affected by Money Judgments

 Nothing in Code Sections 9-12-81 and 9-12-82 shall be construed to affect the validity or force of any deed, mortgage, judgment, or other lien of any kind as between the parties thereto.   (Ga. L. 1889, p. 106, § 4; Civil Code 1895, § 2781; Civil Code 1910, § 3323; Code 1933, § 39-704.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 30 Am. Jur. 2d, Executions and Enforcement of Judgments, §§ 145, 146.   C.J.S.   - 33 C.J.S., Executions, §§ 203 et seq., 219.
GA Code § 9-12-86 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 9 - Civil Practice|Chapter 12 - Verdict and Judgment|Article 4 - Judgment Liens|§ 9-12-86. Recordation in County Where Property Located Prerequisite to Lien on Land

  For purposes of this Code section, the term "applicable records" shall include deed books, lis pendens dockets, federal tax lien dockets, general execution dockets, and attachment dockets.   No judgment, decree, or order or any writ of fieri facias issued pursuant to any judgment, decree, or order of any superior court, city court, magistrate court, municipal court, or any federal court shall in any way affect or become a lien upon the title to real property until the judgment, decree, order, or writ of fieri facias is recorded in the office of the clerk of the superior court of the county in which the real property is located and is entered in the indexes to the applicable records in the office of the clerk. Such entries and recordings must be requested and paid for by the plaintiff or the defendant, or his attorney at law.   The recording and indexing required by this Code section shall be in addition to and supplemental to all other recording of judgments, decrees, and orders required by law.   This Code section shall only apply to judgments, decrees, or orders rendered after March 25, 1958.    (Ga. L. 1958, p. 379, §§ 1-5; Ga. L. 1966, p. 142, §§ 1-3; Ga. L. 1983, p. 884, § 3-5.)   OPINIONS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL    Any and all judgments, orders, decrees, or writs of fieri facias must be recorded  and not merely one of them, and they must be recorded in as many of the appropriate records of the clerk's office as included within the definition of "applicable records." 1967 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 67-222.   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 46 Am. Jur. 2d, Judgments, §§ 349, 352.   15 Am. Jur. Pleading and Practice Forms, Judgments, § 18.   C.J.S.   - 49 C.J.S., Judgments, § 772 et seq.   ALR.    - Judgment as lien on unrecorded title to real estate, 43 A.L.R. 44.    Decree on bill of review reversing prior decree as affecting purchaser or mortgagee of real property in the interval between the original decree and the filing of the bill of review, 150 A.L.R. 676.