reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Penal Code § 870 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 870.

870.  The magistrate or his or her clerk shall keep the depositions taken on the information or the examination, until they are returned to the proper court; and shall not permit them to be examined or copied by any person except a judge of a court having jurisdiction of the offense, or authorized to issue writs of habeas corpus, the Attorney General, district attorney, or other prosecuting attorney, and the defendant and his or her counsel; provided however, upon demand by the defendant or his or her attorney the magistrate shall order a transcript of the depositions taken on the information, or on the examination, to be immediately furnished the defendant or his or her attorney, after the commitment of the defendant as provided by Sections 876 and 877, and the reporter furnishing the depositions, shall receive compensation in accordance with Section 869.(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 535. Effective January 1, 2003.)
CA Penal Code § 871 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 871.

871.  If, after hearing the proofs, it appears either that no public offense has been committed or that there is not sufficient cause to believe the defendant guilty of a public offense, the magistrate shall order the complaint dismissed and the defendant to be discharged, by an indorsement on the depositions and statement, signed by the magistrate, to the following effect: “There being no sufficient cause to believe the within named A. B. guilty of the offense within mentioned, I order that the complaint be dismissed and that he or she shall be discharged.”(Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 938, Sec. 3.)
CA Penal Code § 871.6 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 871.6.

871.6.  If in a felony case the magistrate sets the preliminary examination beyond the time specified in Section 859b, in violation of Section 859b, or continues the preliminary hearing without good cause and good cause is required by law for such a continuance, the people or the defendant may file a petition for writ of mandate or prohibition in the superior court seeking immediate appellate review of the ruling setting the hearing or granting the continuance. Such a petition shall have precedence over all other cases in the court to which the petition is assigned. If the superior court grants a peremptory writ, it shall issue the writ and a remittitur three court days after its decision becomes final as to the court if this action is necessary to prevent mootness or to prevent frustration of the relief granted, notwithstanding the rights of the parties to seek review in a court of appeal. When the superior court issues the writ and remittitur as provided in this section, the writ shall command the magistrate to proceed with the preliminary hearing without further delay, other than that reasonably necessary for the parties to obtain the attendance of their witnesses.The court of appeal may stay or recall the issuance of the writ and remittitur. The failure of the court of appeal to stay or recall the issuance of the writ and remittitur shall not deprive the parties of any right they would otherwise have to appellate review or extraordinary relief.(Added June 5, 1990, by initiative Proposition 115, Sec. 17.)
CA Penal Code § 872 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 872.

872.  (a) If, however, it appears from the examination that a public offense has been committed, and there is sufficient cause to believe that the defendant is guilty, the magistrate shall make or indorse on the complaint an order, signed by him or her, to the following effect: “It appearing to me that the offense in the within complaint mentioned (or any offense, according to the fact, stating generally the nature thereof), has been committed, and that there is sufficient cause to believe that the within named A. B. is guilty, I order that he or she be held to answer to the same.”(b) Notwithstanding Section 1200 of the Evidence Code, the finding of probable cause may be based in whole or in part upon the sworn testimony of a law enforcement officer or honorably retired law enforcement officer relating the statements of declarants made out of court offered for the truth of the matter asserted. An honorably retired law enforcement officer may only relate statements of declarants made out of court and offered for the truth of the matter asserted that were made when the honorably retired officer was an active law enforcement officer. Any law enforcement officer or honorably retired law enforcement officer testifying as to hearsay statements shall either have five years of law enforcement experience or have completed a training course certified by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training that includes training in the investigation and reporting of cases and testifying at preliminary hearings.(c) For purposes of subdivision (b), a law enforcement officer is any officer or agent employed by a federal, state, or local government agency to whom all of the following apply:(1) Has either five years of law enforcement experience or who has completed a training course certified by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training that includes training in the investigation and reporting of cases and testifying at preliminary hearings.(2) Whose primary responsibility is the enforcement of any law, the detection and apprehension of persons who have violated any law, or the investigation and preparation for prosecution of cases involving violation of laws.(Amended by Stats. 2013, Ch. 125, Sec. 1. (AB 568) Effective January 1, 2014. Note: This section was amended on June 5, 1990, by initiative Prop. 115.)
CA Penal Code § 872.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 872.5.

872.5.  Notwithstanding Article 1 (commencing with Section 1520) of Chapter 2 of Division 11 of the Evidence Code, in a preliminary examination the content of a writing may be proved by an otherwise admissible original or otherwise admissible secondary evidence.(Repealed and added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 100, Sec. 7. Effective January 1, 1999.)
CA Penal Code § 873 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 873.

873.  If the offense is not bailable, the following words must be added to the indorsement: “And he is hereby committed to the Sheriff of the County of ____. ”(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 875 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 875.

875.  If the offense is bailable, and the defendant is admitted to bail, the following words must be added to the order, “and that he be admitted to bail in the sum of ____ dollars, and is committed to the Sheriff of the County of ____ until he gives such bail.”(Amended by Code Amendments 1880, Ch. 60.)
CA Penal Code § 876 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 876.

876.  If the magistrate order the defendant to be committed, he must make out a commitment, signed by him, with his name of office, and deliver it, with the defendant, to the officer to whom he is committed, or, if that officer is not present, to a peace officer, who must deliver the defendant into the proper custody, together with the commitment.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 877 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 877.

877.  The commitment must be to the following effect except when it is made under the provisions of section 859a of this code.County of ____ (as the case may be).The people of the State of California to the sheriff of the county of ____:An order having been this day made by me, that A. B. be held to answer upon a charge of (stating briefly the nature of the offense, and giving as near as may be the time when and the place where the same was committed), you are commanded to receive him into your custody and detain him until he is legally discharged. Dated this ____ day of ____ nineteen ____. (Amended by Stats. 1935, Ch. 217.)
CA Penal Code § 877a (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 877a.

877a.  When the commitment is made under the provisions of section 859a of this code, it must be made to the following effect:County of ____ (as the case may be).The people of the State of California to the sheriff of the county of ____.A. B. having pleaded guilty to the offense of (stating briefly the nature of the offense, and giving as near as may be the time when and the place where the same was committed), you are commanded to receive him into your custody and detain him until he is legally discharged.Dated this ____ day of ____ nineteen ____. (Added by Stats. 1935, Ch. 217.)
CA Penal Code § 878 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 878.

878.  On holding the defendant to answer or on a plea of guilty where permitted by law, the magistrate may take from each of the material witnesses examined before him on the part of the people a written undertaking, to the effect that he will appear and testify at the court to which the depositions and statements or case are to be sent, or that he will forfeit the sum of five hundred dollars.(Amended by Stats. 1935, Ch. 217.)
CA Penal Code § 879 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 879.

879.  When the magistrate or a Judge of the Court in which the action is pending is satisfied, by proof on oath, that there is reason to believe that any such witness will not appear and testify unless security is required, he may order the witness to enter into a written undertaking, with sureties, in such sum as he may deem proper, for his appearance as specified in the preceding section.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 880 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 880.

880.  Infants who are material witnesses against the defendant may be required to procure sureties for their appearance, as provided in the last section.(Amended by Stats. 1977, Ch. 579.)
CA Penal Code § 881 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 881.

881.  (a) If a witness, required to enter into an undertaking to appear and testify, either with or without sureties, refuses compliance with the order for that purpose, the magistrate shall commit him or her to prison until he or she complies or is legally discharged.(b) If a witness fails to appear at the preliminary hearing in response to a subpoena, the court may hear evidence, including testimony or an affidavit from the arresting or interviewing officer, and if the court determines on the basis of the evidence that the witness is a material witness, the court shall issue a bench warrant for the arrest of the witness, and upon the appearance of the witness, may commit him or her into custody until the conclusion of the preliminary hearing, or until the defendant enters a plea of nolo contendere, or the witness is otherwise legally discharged.The court may order the witness to enter into a written undertaking to the effect that he or she will appear and testify at the time and place ordered by the court or that he or she will forfeit an amount that the court deems proper.(c) Once the material witness has been taken into custody on the bench warrant he or she shall be brought before the magistrate issuing the warrant, if available, within two court days for a hearing to determine if the witness should be released on security of appearance or maintained in custody.(d) A material witness shall remain in custody under this section for no longer than 10 days.(e) If a material witness is being held in custody under this section the prosecution is entitled to have the preliminary hearing proceed, as to this witness only, within 10 days of the arraignment of the defendant. Once this material witness has completed his or her testimony the defendant shall be entitled to a reasonable continuance.(Amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 828, Sec. 53.)
CA Penal Code § 882 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 882.

882.  When, however, it satisfactorily appears by examination, on oath of the witness, or any other person, that the witness is unable to procure sureties, he or she may be forthwith conditionally examined on behalf of the people. The examination shall be by question and answer, in the presence of the defendant, or after notice to him or her, if on bail, and conducted in the same manner as the examination before a committing magistrate is required by this code to be conducted, and the witness thereupon discharged; and the deposition may be used upon the trial of the defendant, except in cases of homicide, under the same conditions as mentioned in Section 1345; but this section does not apply to an accomplice in the commission of the offense charged.(Amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 828, Sec. 54.)
CA Penal Code § 883 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 3 - ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS REGARDING CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|CHAPTER 7 - Examination of the Case, and Discharge of the Defendant, or Holding Him to Answer|Section 883.

883.  When a magistrate has discharged a defendant, or has held him to answer, he must return, without delay, to the Clerk of the Court at which the defendant is required to appear, the warrant, if any, the depositions, and all undertakings of bail, or for the appearance of witnesses taken by him.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 888 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 888.

888.  A grand jury is a body of the required number of persons returned from the citizens of the county before a court of competent jurisdiction, and sworn to inquire of public offenses committed or triable within the county.Each grand jury or, if more than one has been duly impaneled pursuant to Sections 904.5 to 904.9, inclusive, one grand jury in each county, shall be charged and sworn to investigate or inquire into county matters of civil concern, such as the needs of county officers, including the abolition or creation of offices for, the purchase, lease, or sale of equipment for, or changes in the method or system of, performing the duties of the agencies subject to investigation pursuant to Section 914.1.(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 1297, Sec. 1.)
CA Penal Code § 888.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 888.2.

888.2.  As used in this title as applied to a grand jury, “required number” means:(a) Twenty-three in a county having a population exceeding 4,000,000.(b) Eleven in a county having a population of 20,000 or less, upon the approval of the board of supervisors.(c) Nineteen in all other counties.(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 295, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Penal Code § 889 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 889.

889.  An indictment is an accusation in writing, presented by the grand jury to a competent court, charging a person with a public offense.(Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 501.)
CA Penal Code § 890 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 890.

890.  Unless a higher fee or rate of mileage is otherwise provided by statute or county or city and county ordinance, the fees for grand jurors are fifteen dollars ($15) a day for each day’s attendance as a grand juror, and the mileage reimbursement applicable to county employees for each mile actually traveled in attending court as a grand juror.(Amended by Stats. 2001, Ch. 218, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2002. Operative July 1, 2002, by Sec. 2 of Ch. 218.)
CA Penal Code § 890.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 890.1.

890.1.  The per diem and mileage of grand jurors where allowed by law shall be paid by the treasurer of the county out of the general fund of the county upon warrants drawn by the county auditor upon the written order of the judge of the superior court of the county.(Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 501.)
CA Penal Code § 891 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 891.

891.  Every person who, by any means whatsoever, willfully and knowingly, and without knowledge and consent of the grand jury, records, or attempts to record, all or part of the proceedings of any grand jury while it is deliberating or voting, or listens to or observes, or attempts to listen to or observe, the proceedings of any grand jury of which he is not a member while such jury is deliberating or voting is guilty of a misdemeanor.This section is not intended to prohibit the taking of notes by a grand juror in connection with and solely for the purpose of assisting him in the performance of his duties as such juror.(Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 501.)
CA Penal Code § 892 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 4 - GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS|CHAPTER 1 - General Provisions|Section 892.

892.  The grand jury may proceed against a corporation.(Amended by Stats. 1973, Ch. 249.)
CA Penal Code § 940 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 1 - Finding and Presentment of the Indictment|Section 940.

940.  An indictment cannot be found without concurrence of at least 14 grand jurors in a county in which the required number of members of the grand jury prescribed by Section 888.2 is 23, at least eight grand jurors in a county in which the required number of members is 11, and at least 12 grand jurors in all other counties. When so found it shall be endorsed, “A true bill,” and the endorsement shall be signed by the foreman of the grand jury.(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 295, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Penal Code § 943 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 1 - Finding and Presentment of the Indictment|Section 943.

943.  When an indictment is found, the names of the witnesses examined before the Grand Jury, or whose depositions may have been read before them, must be inserted at the foot of the indictment, or indorsed thereon, before it is presented to the Court.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 944 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 1 - Finding and Presentment of the Indictment|Section 944.

944.  An indictment, when found by the grand jury, must be presented by their foreman, in their presence, to the court, and must be filed with the clerk. No recommendation as to the dollar amount of bail to be fixed shall be made to any court by any grand jury.(Amended by Stats. 1974, Ch. 695.)
CA Penal Code § 945 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 1 - Finding and Presentment of the Indictment|Section 945.

945.  When an indictment is found against a defendant not in custody, the same proceedings must be had as are prescribed in Sections 979 to 984, inclusive, against a defendant who fails to appear for arraignment.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 948 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 2 - Rules of Pleading|Section 948.

948.  All the forms of pleading in criminal actions, and the rules by which the sufficiency of pleadings is to be determined, are those prescribed by this Code.(Enacted 1872.)
CA Penal Code § 949 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 2 - Rules of Pleading|Section 949.

949.  The first pleading on the part of the people in the superior court in a felony case is the indictment, information, or the complaint in any case certified to the superior court under Section 859a. The first pleading on the part of the people in a misdemeanor or infraction case is the complaint except as otherwise provided by law. The first pleading on the part of the people in a proceeding pursuant to Section 3060 of the Government Code is an accusation.(Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 931, Sec. 373. Effective September 28, 1998.)
CA Penal Code § 950 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 2 - Rules of Pleading|Section 950.

950.  The accusatory pleading must contain:1. The title of the action, specifying the name of the court to which the same is presented, and the names of the parties;2. A statement of the public offense or offenses charged therein.(Amended by Stats. 1951, Ch. 1674.)
CA Penal Code § 951 (2021)
2021 California Code|Penal Code - PEN|PART 2 - OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE|TITLE 5 - THE PLEADINGS|CHAPTER 2 - Rules of Pleading|Section 951.

951.  An indictment or information may be in substantially the following form: The people of the State of California against A. B. In the superior court of the State of California, in and for the county of ____. The grand jury (or the district attorney) of the county of ____ hereby accuses A. B. of a felony (or misdemeanor), to wit: (giving the name of the crime, as murder, burglary, etc.), in that on or about the ____ day of ____, 19__, in the county of ____, State of California, he (here insert statement of act or omission, as for example, “murdered C. D.”).(Amended by Stats. 1927, Ch. 613.)