reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
IA Code § 554.12507 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.12507 - Choice of law.

554.12507 Choice of law.   1. The following rules apply unless the affected parties otherwise agree or subsection 3 applies:   a. The rights and obligations between the sender of a payment order and the receiving bank are governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the receiving bank is located.   b. The rights and obligations between the beneficiary’s bank and the beneficiary are governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the beneficiary’s bank is located.   c. The issue of when payment is made pursuant to a funds transfer by the originator to the beneficiary is governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the beneficiary’s bank is located.   2. If the parties described in each paragraph of subsection 1 have made an agreement selecting the law of a particular jurisdiction to govern rights and obligations between each other, the law of that jurisdiction governs those rights and obligations, whether or not the payment order or the funds transfer bears a reasonable relation to that jurisdiction.   3. a. A funds-transfer system rule may select the law of a particular jurisdiction to govern:   (1) the rights and obligations between participating banks with respect to payment orders transmitted or processed through the system, or   (2) the rights and obligations of some or all parties to a funds transfer any part of which is carried out by means of the system.   b. A choice of law made pursuant to paragraph “a”, subparagraph (1), is binding on participating banks. A choice of law made pursuant to paragraph “a”, subparagraph (2), is binding on the originator, other sender, or a receiving bank having notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the funds transfer and of the choice of law by the system when the originator, other sender, or receiving bank issued or accepted a payment order. The beneficiary of a funds transfer is bound by the choice of law if, when the funds transfer is initiated, the beneficiary has notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the funds transfer and of the choice of law by the system. The law of a jurisdiction selected pursuant to this subsection may govern, whether or not that law bears a reasonable relation to the matter in issue.   4. In the event of inconsistency between an agreement under subsection 2 and a choice-of-law rule under subsection 3, the agreement under subsection 2 prevails.   5. If a funds transfer is made by use of more than one funds-transfer system and there is inconsistency between choice-of-law rules of the systems, the matter in issue is governed by the law of the selected jurisdiction that has the most significant relationship to the matter in issue.  92 Acts, ch 1146, §38; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §153  Referred to in §554.1301, 554.12105, 554.12501
IA Code § 554.13101 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13101 - Short title.

554.13101 Short title.   This Article shall be known and may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Code — Leases.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §5
IA Code § 554.13102 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13102 - Scope.

554.13102 Scope.   This Article applies to any transaction, regardless of form, that creates a lease.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §6
IA Code § 554.13104 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13104 - Leases subject to other law.

554.13104 Leases subject to other law.   1. A lease, although subject to this Article, is also subject to any applicable:   a. certificate of title or registration statute of this state (including as provided in chapters 321 and 462A);   b. certificate of title statute of another jurisdiction (section 554.13105); or   c. consumer protection statute of this state, or final consumer protection decision of a court of this state existing on July 1, 1994.   2. In case of conflict between this Article, other than sections 554.13105, 554.13304, subsection 3, and 554.13305, subsection 3, and a statute or decision referred to in subsection 1, the statute or decision controls.   3. Failure to comply with an applicable law has only the effect specified therein.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §8
IA Code § 554.13105 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13105 - Territorial application of Article to goods covered by certificate of title.

554.13105 Territorial application of Article to goods covered by certificate of title.   Subject to the provisions of sections 554.13304, subsection 3, and 554.13305, subsection 3, with respect to goods covered by a certificate of title issued under a statute of this state or of another jurisdiction, compliance and the effect of compliance or noncompliance with a certificate of title statute are governed by the law (including the conflict of laws rules) of the jurisdiction issuing the certificate until the earlier of surrender of the certificate, or four months after the goods are removed from that jurisdiction and thereafter until a new certificate of title is issued by another jurisdiction.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §9; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §261  Referred to in §554.1301, 554.13104
IA Code § 554.13106 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13106 - Limitation on power of parties to consumer lease to choose applicable law and judicial forum.

554.13106 Limitation on power of parties to consumer lease to choose applicable law and judicial forum.   1. If the law chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is that of a jurisdiction other than a jurisdiction in which the lessee resides at the time the lease agreement becomes enforceable or within thirty days thereafter or in which the goods are to be used, the choice is not enforceable.   2. If the judicial forum chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is a forum that would not otherwise have jurisdiction over the lessee, the choice is not enforceable.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §10  Referred to in §554.1301
IA Code § 554.13107 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13107 - Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after default.

554.13107 Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after default.   Any claim or right arising out of an alleged default or breach of warranty may be discharged in whole or in part without consideration by a written waiver or renunciation signed and delivered by the aggrieved party.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §11
IA Code § 554.13108 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13108 - Unconscionability.

554.13108 Unconscionability.   1. If the court as a matter of law finds a lease contract or any clause of a lease contract to have been unconscionable at the time it was made the court may refuse to enforce the lease contract, or it may enforce the remainder of the lease contract without the unconscionable clause, or it may so limit the application of any unconscionable clause as to avoid any unconscionable result.   2. With respect to a consumer lease, if the court as a matter of law finds that a lease contract or any clause of a lease contract has been induced by unconscionable conduct or that unconscionable conduct has occurred in the collection of a claim arising from a lease contract, the court may grant appropriate relief.   3. Before making a finding of unconscionability under subsection 1 or 2, the court, on its own motion or that of a party, shall afford the parties a reasonable opportunity to present evidence as to the setting, purpose, and effect of the lease contract or clause thereof, or of the conduct.   4. In an action in which the lessee claims unconscionability with respect to a consumer lease:   a. If the court finds unconscionability under subsection 1 or 2, the court shall award reasonable attorney’s fees to the lessee.   b. If the court does not find unconscionability and the lessee claiming unconscionability has brought or maintained an action that the lessee knew to be groundless, the court shall award reasonable attorney’s fees to the party against whom the claim is made.   c. In determining attorney’s fees, the amount of the recovery on behalf of the claimant under subsections 1 and 2 is not controlling.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §12
IA Code § 554.13109 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13109 - Option to accelerate at will.

554.13109 Option to accelerate at will.   1. A term providing that one party or the party’s successor in interest may accelerate payment or performance or require collateral or additional collateral “at will” or “when the party deems the party insecure” or in words of similar import must be construed to mean that the party has power to do so only if the party in good faith believes that the prospect of payment or performance is impaired.   2. With respect to a consumer lease, the burden of establishing good faith under subsection 1 is on the party who exercised the power; otherwise the burden of establishing lack of good faith is on the party against whom the power has been exercised.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §13
IA Code § 554.13201 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13201 - Statute of frauds.

554.13201 Statute of frauds.   1. A lease contract is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless:   a. the total payments to be made under the lease contract, excluding payments for options to renew or buy, are less than one thousand dollars; or   b. there is a writing, signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by that party’s authorized agent, sufficient to indicate that a lease contract has been made between the parties and to describe the goods leased and the lease term.   2. Any description of leased goods or of the lease term is sufficient and satisfies subsection 1, paragraph “b”, whether or not it is specific, if it reasonably identifies what is described.   3. A writing is not insufficient because it omits or incorrectly states a term agreed upon, but the lease contract is not enforceable under subsection 1, paragraph “b”, beyond the lease term and the quantity of goods shown in the writing.   4. A lease contract that does not satisfy the requirements of subsection 1, but which is valid in other respects, is enforceable:   a. if the goods are to be specially manufactured or obtained for the lessee and are not suitable for lease or sale to others in the ordinary course of the lessor’s business, and the lessor, before notice of repudiation is received and under circumstances that reasonably indicate that the goods are for the lessee, has made either a substantial beginning of their manufacture or commitments for their procurement;   b. if the party against whom enforcement is sought admits in that party’s pleading, testimony or otherwise in court that a lease contract was made, but the lease contract is not enforceable under this provision beyond the quantity of goods admitted; or   c. with respect to goods that have been received and accepted by the lessee.   5. The lease term under a lease contract referred to in subsection 4 is:   a. if there is a writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by that party’s authorized agent specifying the lease term, the term so specified;   b. if the party against whom enforcement is sought admits in that party’s pleading, testimony, or otherwise in court a lease term, the term so admitted; or   c. a reasonable lease term.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §14
IA Code § 554.13202 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13202 - Final written expression — parol or extrinsic evidence.

554.13202 Final written expression — parol or extrinsic evidence.   Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a writing intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to such terms as are included therein may not be contradicted by evidence of any prior agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented:   1. by course of dealing or usage of trade or by course of performance; and   2. by evidence of consistent additional terms unless the court finds the writing to have been intended also as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §15  Referred to in §554.13214
IA Code § 554.13203 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13203 - Seals inoperative.

554.13203 Seals inoperative.   The affixing of a seal to a writing evidencing a lease contract or an offer to enter into a lease contract does not render the writing a sealed instrument and the law with respect to sealed instruments does not apply to the lease contract or offer.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §16
IA Code § 554.13204 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13204 - Formation in general.

554.13204 Formation in general.   1. A lease contract may be made in any manner sufficient to show agreement, including conduct by both parties which recognizes the existence of a lease contract.   2. An agreement sufficient to constitute a lease contract may be found although the moment of its making is undetermined.   3. Although one or more terms are left open, a lease contract does not fail for indefiniteness if the parties have intended to make a lease contract and there is a reasonably certain basis for giving an appropriate remedy.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §17
IA Code § 554.13205 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13205 - Firm offers.

554.13205 Firm offers.   An offer by a merchant to lease goods to or from another person in a signed writing that by its terms gives assurance it will be held open is not revocable, for lack of consideration, during the time stated or, if no time is stated, for a reasonable time, but in no event may the period of irrevocability exceed three months. Any such term of assurance on a form supplied by the offeree must be separately signed by the offeror.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §18
IA Code § 554.13206 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13206 - Offer and acceptance in formation of lease contract.

554.13206 Offer and acceptance in formation of lease contract.   1. Unless otherwise unambiguously indicated by the language or circumstances, an offer to make a lease contract must be construed as inviting acceptance in any manner and by any medium reasonable in the circumstances.   2. If the beginning of a requested performance is a reasonable mode of acceptance, an offeror who is not notified of acceptance within a reasonable time may treat the offer as having lapsed before acceptance.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §19
IA Code § 554.13207 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13207 - Course of performance or practical construction.

554.13207 Course of performance or practical construction. Repealed by  2007 Acts, ch 41, §61  . See §554.1303.
IA Code § 554.13208 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13208 - Modification, rescission, and waiver.

554.13208 Modification, rescission, and waiver.   1. An agreement modifying a lease contract needs no consideration to be binding.   2. A signed lease agreement that excludes modification or rescission except by a signed writing may not be otherwise modified or rescinded, but, except as between merchants, such a requirement on a form supplied by a merchant must be separately signed by the other party.   3. Although an attempt at modification or rescission does not satisfy the requirements of subsection 2, it may operate as a waiver.   4. A party who has made a waiver affecting an executory portion of a lease contract may retract the waiver by reasonable notification received by the other party that strict performance will be required of any term waived, unless the retraction would be unjust in view of a material change of position in reliance on the waiver.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §21
IA Code § 554.13209 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13209 - Lessee under finance lease as beneficiary of supply contract.

554.13209 Lessee under finance lease as beneficiary of supply contract.   1. The benefit of a supplier’s promises to the lessor under the supply contract and of all warranties, whether express or implied, including those of any third party provided in connection with or as part of the supply contract, extends to the lessee to the extent of the lessee’s leasehold interest under a finance lease related to the supply contract, but is subject to the terms of the warranty and of the supply contract and all defenses or claims arising therefrom.   2. The extension of the benefit of a supplier’s promises and of warranties to the lessee under subsection 1 does not:   a. modify the rights and obligations of the parties to the supply contract, whether arising therefrom or otherwise, or   b. impose any duty or liability under the supply contract on the lessee.   3. Any modification or rescission of the supply contract by the supplier and the lessor is effective between the supplier and the lessee unless, before the modification or rescission, the supplier has received notice that the lessee has entered into a finance lease related to the supply contract. If the modification or rescission is effective between the supplier and the lessee, the lessor is deemed to have assumed, in addition to the obligations of the lessor to the lessee under the lease contract, promises of the supplier to the lessor and warranties that were so modified or rescinded as they existed and were available to the lessee before modification or rescission.   4. In addition to the extension of the benefit of the supplier’s promises and of warranties to the lessee under subsection 1, the lessee retains all rights that the lessee may have against the supplier which arise from an agreement between the lessee and the supplier or under other law.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §22; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §155
IA Code § 554.13210 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13210 - Express warranties.

554.13210 Express warranties.   1. Express warranties by the lessor are created as follows:   a. Any affirmation of fact or promise made by the lessor to the lessee which relates to the goods and becomes part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the goods will conform to the affirmation or promise.   b. Any description of the goods which is made part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the goods will conform to the description.   c. Any sample or model that is made part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the whole of the goods will conform to the sample or model.   2. It is not necessary to the creation of an express warranty that the lessor use formal words, such as “warrant” or “guarantee”, or that the lessor have a specific intention to make a warranty, but an affirmation merely of the value of the goods or a statement purporting to be merely the lessor’s opinion or commendation of the goods does not create a warranty.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §23
IA Code § 554.13211 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13211 - Warranties against interference and against infringement — lessee’s obligation against infringement.

554.13211 Warranties against interference and against infringement — lessee’s obligation against infringement.   1. There is in a lease contract a warranty that for the lease term no person holds a claim to or interest in the goods that arose from an act or omission of the lessor, other than a claim by way of infringement or the like, which will interfere with the lessee’s enjoyment of its leasehold interest.   2. Except in a finance lease, there is in a lease contract by a lessor who is a merchant regularly dealing in goods of the kind a warranty that the goods are delivered free of the rightful claim of any person by way of infringement or the like.   3. A lessee who furnishes specifications to a lessor or a supplier shall hold the lessor and the supplier harmless against any claim by way of infringement or the like that arises out of compliance with the specifications.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §24  Referred to in §554.13214, 554.13516
IA Code § 554.13212 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13212 - Implied warranty of merchantability.

554.13212 Implied warranty of merchantability.   1. Except in a finance lease, a warranty that the goods will be merchantable is implied in a lease contract if the lessor is a merchant with respect to goods of that kind.   2. Goods to be merchantable must be at least such as   a. pass without objection in the trade under the description in the lease agreement;   b. in the case of fungible goods, are of fair average quality within the description;   c. are fit for the ordinary purposes for which goods of that type are used;   d. run, within the variation permitted by the lease agreement, of even kind, quality, and quantity within each unit and among all units involved;   e. are adequately contained, packaged, and labeled as the lease agreement may require; and   f. conform to any promises or affirmations of fact made on the container or label.   3. Other implied warranties may arise from course of dealing or usage of trade.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §25
IA Code § 554.13213 (2021)
2021 Iowa Code|Title XIII - COMMERCE|Chapter 554 - UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE|Section 554.13213 - Implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose.

554.13213 Implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose.   Except in a finance lease, if the lessor at the time the lease contract is made has reason to know of any particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the lessee is relying on the lessor’s skill or judgment to select or furnish suitable goods, there is in the lease contract an implied warranty that the goods will be fit for that purpose.  94 Acts, ch 1052, §26