reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
NC Gen Stat § 15A-611 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 30 - Probable-Cause Hearing.|§ 15A-611 - Probable-cause hearing procedure.

 15A-611. Probable-cause hearing procedure.(a) At the probable-cause hearing:(1) A prosecutor must represent the State.(2) The defendant may be represented by counsel.(3) The defendant may testify as a witness in his own behalf and call and examine other witnesses, and produce other evidence in his behalf.(4) Each witness must testify under oath or affirmation and is subject to cross-examination.(b) The State must by nonhearsay evidence, or by evidence that satisfies an exception to the hearsay rule, show that there is probable cause to believe that the offense charged has been committed and that there is probable cause to believe that the defendant committed it, except:(1) A report or copy of a report made by a physicist, chemist, firearms identification expert, fingerprint technician, or an expert or technician in some other scientific, professional, or medical field, concerning the results of an examination, comparison, or test performed by him in connection with the case in issue, when stated by such person in a report made by him, is admissible in evidence.(2) If there is no serious contest, reliable hearsay is admissible to prove value, ownership of property, possession of property in another than the defendant, lack of consent of the owner, possessor, or custodian of property to its taking or to the breaking or entering of premises, chain of custody, authenticity of signatures, and the existence and text of a particular ordinance or regulation of a governmental unit or agency.The district court judge is not required to exclude evidence on the ground that it was acquired by unlawful means.  (c) If a defendant appears at a probable-cause hearing without counsel, the judge must determine whether counsel has been waived. If he determines that counsel has been waived, he may proceed without counsel. If he determines that counsel has not been waived, except in a situation covered by G.S. 15A-606(e) he must take appropriate action to secure the defendant's right to counsel.(d) A probable-cause hearing may not be held if an information in superior court is filed upon waiver of indictment before the date set for the hearing. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-612 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 30 - Probable-Cause Hearing.|§ 15A-612 - Disposition of charge on probable-cause hearing.

 15A-612. Disposition of charge on probable-cause hearing.(a) At the conclusion of a probable-cause hearing the judge must take one of the following actions:(1) If he finds that the defendant probably committed the offense charged, or a lesser included offense of such offense within the original jurisdiction of the superior court, he must bind the defendant over to a superior court for further proceedings in accordance with this Chapter. The judge must note his findings in the case records.(2) If he finds no probable cause as to the offense charged but probable cause with respect to a lesser included offense within the original jurisdiction of the district court, he may set the case for trial in the district court in accordance with the terms of G.S. 15A-613. In the absence of a new pleading, the judge may not set a case for trial in the district court on any offense which is not lesser included.(3) If he finds no probable cause pursuant to subdivisions (1) or (2) as to any charge, he must dismiss the proceedings in question.(b) No finding made by a judge under this section precludes the State from instituting a subsequent prosecution for the same offense. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 14.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-613 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 30 - Probable-Cause Hearing.|§ 15A-613 - Setting offense for trial in district court.

 15A-613. Setting offense for trial in district court.If an offense set for trial in the district court under the terms of G.S. 15A-604(b)(4) or any provision of G.S. 15A-612 is a lesser included offense of the charge before the court on a pleading, the judge may:(1) Accept a plea of guilty or no contest, with the consent of the prosecutor; or(2) Proceed to try the offense immediately, with the consent of both the defendant and the prosecutor.Otherwise, the judge must enter an appropriate order for subsequent calendaring of the case for trial in the district court. The trial so ordered may not be earlier than five working days nor later than 15 working days from the date of the order. The judge must note in the case records the new offense with which the defendant is charged, has been tried, or to which he entered a plea of guilty or no contest. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-614 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 30 - Probable-Cause Hearing.|§ 15A-614 - Review of eligibility for pretrial release.

 15A-614. Review of eligibility for pretrial release.Upon binding a defendant in custody over to the superior court for trial or upon entering an order for subsequent calendaring of the case of such a defendant for trial in the district court, the judge must again review the eligibility of the defendant for release under Article 26 of this Chapter, Bail. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-615 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 30 - Probable-Cause Hearing.|§ 15A-615 - Testing of certain persons for sexually transmitted infections.

 15A-615. Testing of certain persons for sexually transmitted infections.(a) After a finding of probable cause pursuant to the provisions of Article 30 of Chapter 15A of the General Statutes or indictment for an offense that involves nonconsensual vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse; an offense that involves vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse with a child 12 years old or less; or an offense under G.S. 14-202.1 that involves vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse with a child less than 16 years old; the victim or the parent, guardian, or guardian ad litem of a minor victim may request that a defendant be tested for the following sexually transmitted infections:(1) Chlamydia;(2) Gonorrhea;(3) Hepatitis B;(3a) Herpes;(4) HIV; and(5) Syphilis.In the case of herpes, the defendant, pursuant to the provisions of this section, shall be examined for oral and genital herpetic lesions and, if a suggestive but nondiagnostic lesion is present, a culture for herpes shall be performed.  (b) Upon a request under subsection (a) of this section, the district attorney shall petition the court on behalf of the victim for an order requiring the defendant to be tested. Upon finding that there is probable cause to believe that the alleged sexual contact involved in the offense would pose a significant risk of transmission of a sexually transmitted infection listed in subsection (a) of this section, the court shall order the defendant to submit to testing for these infections. A defendant ordered to be tested under this section shall be tested not later than 48 hours after the date of the court order. A test for HIV ordered pursuant to this section shall use the HIV-RNA Detection Test for determining HIV infection.(c) If the defendant is in the custody of the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice of the Department of Public Safety, the defendant shall be tested by the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice of the Department of Public Safety. If the defendant is not in the custody of the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice of the Department of Public Safety, the defendant shall be tested by the local health department. The Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice of the Department of Public Safety shall inform the local health director of all test results. The local health director shall ensure that the victim is informed of the results of the tests and counseled appropriately. The agency conducting the tests shall inform the defendant of the results of the tests and ensure that the defendant is counseled appropriately. The results of the tests shall not be admissible as evidence in any criminal proceeding.  (1993, c. 489, s. 1; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 8, s. 1; 2006-226, s. 10; 2006-264, s. 33(a); 2007-403, s. 1; 2011-145, s. 19.1(h); 2017-186, s. 2(aaa).)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-621 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-621 - "Grand jury" defined.

 15A-621. "Grand jury" defined.A grand jury is a body consisting of not less than 12 nor more than 18 persons, impaneled by a superior court and constituting a part of such court. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-624 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-624 - Grand jury the judge of facts; judge the source of legal advice.

 15A-624. Grand jury the judge of facts; judge the source of legal advice.(a) The grand jury is the exclusive judge of the facts with respect to any matter before it.(b) The legal advisor of the grand jury is the presiding or convening judge. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-626 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-626 - Who may call witnesses before grand jury; no right to appear without consent of prosecutor or judge.

 15A-626. Who may call witnesses before grand jury; no right to appear without consent of prosecutor or judge.(a) Except as provided in this section, no person has a right to call a witness or appear as a witness in a grand jury proceeding.(b) In proceedings upon bills of indictment submitted by the prosecutor to the grand jury, the clerk must call as witnesses the persons whose names are listed on the bills by the prosecutor. If the grand jury desires to hear any witness not named on the bill under consideration, it must through its foreman request the prosecutor to call the witness. The prosecutor in his discretion may call, or refuse to call, the witness.(c) In considering any matter before it a grand jury may swear and hear the testimony of a member of the grand jury.(d) Any person not called as a witness who desires to testify before the grand jury concerning a criminal matter which may properly be considered by the grand jury must apply to the district attorney or to a superior court judge. The judge or the district attorney in his discretion may call the witness to appear before the grand jury.(e) An official who is required or authorized to call a witness before the grand jury does so by issuing a subpoena for the witness or by causing one to be issued. If the official is assured that the witness will appear when requested without issuance of a subpoena, he may call the witness simply by notifying him of the time and place his presence is requested before the grand jury. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-627 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-627 - Submission of bill of indictment to grand jury by prosecutor.

 15A-627. Submission of bill of indictment to grand jury by prosecutor.(a) When a defendant has been bound over for trial in the superior court upon any charge in the original jurisdiction of such court, the prosecutor, unless he dismisses the charge under the terms of Article 50 of this Chapter, Voluntary Dismissal by the State, or proceeds upon a bill of information, must submit a bill of indictment charging the offense to the grand jury for its consideration.(b) A prosecutor may submit a bill of indictment charging an offense within the original jurisdiction of the superior court. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-628 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-628 - Functions of grand jury; record to be kept by clerk.

 15A-628. Functions of grand jury; record to be kept by clerk.(a) A grand jury:(1) Must return a bill submitted to it by the prosecutor as a true bill of indictment if it finds from the evidence probable cause for the charge made.(2) Must return a bill submitted to it by the prosecutor as not a true bill of indictment if it fails to find probable cause for the charge made. Upon returning a bill of indictment as not a true bill, the grand jury may request the prosecutor to submit a bill of indictment as to a lesser included or related offense.(3) May return the bill to the court with an indication that the grand jury has not been able to act upon it because of the unavailability of witnesses.(4) May investigate any offense as to which no bill of indictment has been submitted to it by the prosecutor and issue a presentment accusing a named person or named persons with one or more criminal offenses if it has found probable cause for the charges made. An investigation may be initiated upon the concurrence of 12 members of the grand jury itself or upon the request of the presiding or convening judge or the prosecutor.(5) Must inspect the jail and may inspect other county offices or agencies and must report the results of its inspections to the court.(b) In proceeding under subsection (a), the grand jury may consider any offense which may be prosecuted in the courts of the county, or in the courts of the superior court district or set of districts as defined in G.S. 7A-41.1 when there has been a waiver of venue in accordance with Article 3 of this Chapter, Venue.(c) Bills of indictment submitted by the prosecutor to the grand jury, whether found to be true bills or not, must be returned by the foreman of the grand jury to the presiding judge in open court. Presentments must also be returned by the foreman of the grand jury to the presiding judge in open court.(d) The clerk must keep a permanent record of all matters returned by the grand jury to the judge under the provisions of this section. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27; 1987 (Reg. Sess., 1988), c. 1037, s. 59.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-629 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-629 - Procedure upon finding of not a true bill; release of defendant, etc.; institution of new charge.

 15A-629. Procedure upon finding of not a true bill; release of defendant, etc.; institution of new charge.(a) Upon the return of a bill of indictment as not a true bill, the presiding judge must immediately examine the case records to determine if the defendant is in custody or subject to bail or conditions of pretrial release. If so, except as provided in subsection (b), the judge must immediately order release from custody, exoneration of bail, or release from conditions of pretrial release, as the case may be.(b) Upon the return of a bill of indictment as not a true bill but with a request that the prosecutor submit a bill of indictment to a lesser included or related offense, the judge may defer the action required in subsection (a) for a reasonable period, not to extend past the end of that session of superior court, to allow the institution of the new charge. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-630 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-630 - Notice to defendant of true bill of indictment.

 15A-630. Notice to defendant of true bill of indictment.Upon the return of a bill of indictment as a true bill the presiding judge must immediately cause notice of the indictment to be mailed or otherwise given to the defendant unless he is then represented by counsel of record. The notice must inform the defendant of the time limitations upon his right to discovery under Article 48 of this Chapter, Discovery in the Superior Court, and a copy of the indictment must be attached to the notice. If the judge directs that the indictment be sealed as provided in G.S. 15A-623(f), he may defer the giving of notice under this section for a reasonable length of time. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, 2nd Sess., c. 983, s. 143.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-631 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 31 - The Grand Jury and Its Proceedings.|§ 15A-631 - Grand jury venue.

 15A-631. Grand jury venue.In the General Court of Justice, the place for returning a presentment or indictment is a matter of venue and not jurisdiction. A grand jury shall have venue to present or indict in any case where the county in which it is sitting has venue for trial pursuant to the laws relating to trial venue. (1985, c. 553, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-641 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-641 - Indictment and related instruments; definitions of indictment, information, and presentment.

 15A-641. Indictment and related instruments; definitions of indictment, information, and presentment.(a) Any indictment is a written accusation by a grand jury, filed with a superior court, charging a person with the commission of one or more criminal offenses.(b) An information is a written accusation by a prosecutor, filed with a superior court, charging a person represented by counsel with the commission of one or more criminal offenses.(c) A presentment is a written accusation by a grand jury, made on its own motion and filed with a superior court, charging a person, or two or more persons jointly, with the commission of one or more criminal offenses. A presentment does not institute criminal proceedings against any person, but the district attorney is obligated to investigate the factual background of every presentment returned in his district and to submit bills of indictment to the grand jury dealing with the subject matter of any presentments when it is appropriate to do so. (1797, c. 474, s. 3, P.R.; R.C., c. 35, s. 6; 1879, c. 12; Code, s. 1175; Rev., s. 3240; C.S., s. 4607; 1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-642 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-642 - Prosecutions originating in superior court to be upon indictment or information; waiver of indictment.

 15A-642. Prosecutions originating in superior court to be upon indictment or information; waiver of indictment.(a) Prosecutions originating in the superior court must be upon pleadings as provided in Article 49 of this Chapter, Pleadings and Joinder.(b) Indictment may not be waived in a capital case or in a case in which the defendant is not represented by counsel.(c) Waiver of indictment must be in writing and signed by the defendant and his attorney. The waiver must be attached to or executed upon the bill of information. (1907, c. 71; C.S., s. 4610; 1951, c. 726, ss. 1, 2; 1971, c. 377, s. 30.1; 1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-643 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-643 - Joinder of offenses and defendants and consolidation of indictments and informations.

 15A-643. Joinder of offenses and defendants and consolidation of indictments and informations.The rules with respect to joinder of offenses and defendants and the consolidation of charges in indictments and informations are provided in Article 49 of this Chapter, Pleadings and Joinder. (1917, c. 168; C.S., s. 4622; 1921, c. 100; 1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-644 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-644 - Form and content of indictment, information or presentment.

 15A-644. Form and content of indictment, information or presentment.(a) An indictment must contain:(1) The name of the superior court in which it is filed;(2) The title of the action;(3) Criminal charges pleaded as provided in Article 49 of this Chapter, Pleadings and Joinder;(4) The signature of the prosecutor, but its omission is not a fatal defect; and(5) The signature of the foreman or acting foreman of the grand jury attesting the concurrence of 12 or more grand jurors in the finding of a true bill of indictment.(b) An information must contain everything required of an indictment in subsection (a) except that the accusation is that of the prosecutor and the provisions of subdivision (a)(5) do not apply. The information must also contain or have attached the waiver of indictment pursuant to G.S. 15A-642(c).(c) A presentment must contain everything required of an indictment in subsection (a) except that the provisions of subdivisions (a)(4) and (5) do not apply and the foreman must by his signature attest the concurrence of 12 or more grand jurors in the presentment. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1; 1975, c. 166, s. 27.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-644.1 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-644.1 - Filing of information when plea of guilty or no contest in district court to Class H or I felony.

 15A-644.1. Filing of information when plea of guilty or no contest in district court to Class H or I felony.A defendant who pleads guilty or no contest in district court pursuant to G.S. 7A-272(c)(1) shall enter that plea to an information complying with G.S. 15A-644(b), except it shall contain the name of the district court in which it is filed. (1995 (Reg. Sess., 1996), c. 725, s. 3.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-645 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-645 - Allegations of previous convictions.

 15A-645. Allegations of previous convictions.Trial upon indictments and informations involving allegation of previous convictions is subject to the provisions of G.S. 15A-928. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-646 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 32 - Indictment and Related Instruments.|§ 15A-646 - Superseding indictments and informations.

 15A-646. Superseding indictments and informations.If at any time before entry of a plea of guilty to an indictment or information, or commencement of a trial thereof, another indictment or information is filed in the same court charging the defendant with an offense charged or attempted to be charged in the first instrument, the first one is, with respect to the offense, superseded by the second and, upon the defendant's arraignment upon the second indictment or information, the count of the first instrument charging the offense must be dismissed by the superior court judge. The first instrument is not, however, superseded with respect to any count contained therein which charged an offense not charged in the second indictment or information. (1973, c. 1286, s. 1.)
NC Gen Stat § 15A-721 (2021)
2021 North Carolina General Statutes|Chapter 15A - Criminal Procedure Act|Article 37 - Uniform Criminal Extradition Act.|§ 15A-721 - Definitions.

 15A-721. Definitions.Where appearing in this Article the term "Governor" includes any person performing the functions of Governor by authority of the law of this State. The term "executive authority" includes the Governor, and any person performing the functions of governor in a state other than this State. The term "state," referring to a state other than this State, includes any other state or territory, organized or unorganized, of the United States of America. (1937, c. 273, s. 1; 1973, c. 1286, s. 16.)