reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 44-12-228 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-228. Maintenance and Retention of Records

  Every financial institution, banking organization, and business association and all other holders required to file a report under Code Section 44-12-214 shall retain all books, records, and documents necessary to establish the accuracy and compliance of such report for ten years after the property becomes reportable, except to the extent that shorter time is provided in accordance with Article 5 of Chapter 18 of Title 50, the "Georgia Records Act," or in subsection (b) of this Code section or by rule of the commissioner.As to any property for which it has obtained the last known address of the owner, the holder shall maintain a record of the name and last known address of the owner for the same ten-year period.   Any business associations that sell in this state their traveler's checks, money orders, or other similar written instruments, other than third-party bank checks on which the business association is directly liable, or that provides such instruments to others for sale in this state shall maintain a record of those instruments while they remain outstanding, indicating the state and date of issue for three years after the date the property is reportable.     (Code 1981, §44-12-228, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)   Code Commission notes.   - Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 1990, "their traveler's checks" was substituted for "its traveler's checks" near the beginning of subsection (b).
GA Code § 44-12-229 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-229. Commissioner May Compel Filing of Report and May Examine Records; Failure to Maintain Records

  The commissioner may require any person who has not filed a report to file a verified report stating whether or not the person is holding any unclaimed property reportable or deliverable under this article.   The commissioner may at reasonable times and upon reasonable notice examine the records of any person to determine whether the person has complied with the provisions of this article. The commissioner may conduct the examination even if the person believes it is not in possession of any property reportable or deliverable under this article.   If a holder fails to maintain the records required by Code Section 44-12-228 and the records of the holder available for the periods subject to this article are insufficient to permit the preparation of a report, the holder shall be required to report and pay such amounts as may reasonably be estimated from any available records.     (Code 1981, §44-12-229, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-230 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-230. Employment of Independent Consultant

 The commissioner may employ the services of such independent consultants, and other persons possessing specialized skills or knowledge as he shall deem necessary or appropriate for the administration of this article, including, but not limited to, valuation, maintenance, upkeep, management, sale and conveyance of property, and determination of sources of unreported abandoned property.    (Code 1981, §44-12-230, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-231 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-231. Enforcement of Article; Properties Not Paid Over on a Timely Basis

  The commissioner may bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to enforce this article. Notwithstanding the provisions of Code Section 44-12-214, the commissioner shall commence enforcement for the reporting, payment, or delivery of property presumed abandoned under this article, with the exception of property held in a fiduciary capacity, not later than seven years from the date the property is presumed abandoned.   Properties due and owing under this Code section and not paid over to the commissioner on a timely basis shall be paid upon notice and demand by the commissioner or the commissioner's delegate and shall be assessed and collected in the manner provided for assessment and collection of state taxes in Chapters 2, 3, and 4 of Title 48.The commissioner is authorized to issue an execution for the amounts due as provided in Code Section 48-3-1.The remedies specified in this subsection shall be in addition to all other remedies provided for in this article.     (Code 1981, §44-12-231, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1; Ga. L. 1993, p. 1813, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-232 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-232. Article Does Not Relieve Holder of Duty That Arose Before July 1, 1990

  This article does not relieve the holder of a duty that arose before July 1, 1990, to report, pay, or deliver property.A holder who did not comply with the law in effect before July 1, 1990, is subject to the applicable enforcement and penalty provisions that then existed and they are continued in effect for the purpose of this subsection, subject to Code Section 44-12-227.   The initial report filed under this article for property that was not required to be reported before July 1, 1990, but which is subject to this article must include all items of property that would have been presumed abandoned during the ten-year period preceding July 1, 1990, as if this article had been in effect during that period.     (Code 1981, §44-12-232, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-233 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-233. Receipt of Securities Under This Article

 Whenever the commissioner shall receive securities under this article in the name of the owner, he shall forthwith take appropriate action to transfer the record of ownership of said securities into the name of the commissioner.    (Code 1981, §44-12-233, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-234 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-234. Property in Foreign Country or Arising Out of Foreign Transaction

 This article does not apply to any property held, due, and owing in a foreign country and arising out of a foreign transaction.    (Code 1981, §44-12-234, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-235 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-235. Rules and Regulations

 The commissioner may make necessary rules and regulations to carry out the provisions of this article.    (Code 1981, §44-12-235, enacted by Ga. L. 1990, p. 1506, § 1.)
GA Code § 44-12-236 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-236. Alternative Method of Disposition With Respect to Certain Dividends or Capital Credits Which Are Presumed Abandoned; Definitions; Procedures

  As used in this Code section, the term:   "Approved uses" means:   Donated to an Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3) organization serving in the electric membership corporation's service area;   Used in support of education in the electric membership corporation's service area; or   Used for economic development purposes in the electric membership corporation's service area.     "Electric membership corporation's service area" means any county in which the electric membership corporation provides electric service and any county adjacent thereto.     All patronage dividends or capital credits presumed abandoned pursuant to this article in a given calendar year that are held by an electric membership corporation organized and operating pursuant to Article 4 of Chapter 3 of Title 46 may, in lieu of payment of delivery to the commissioner pursuant to this article, be donated for approved uses if the electric membership corporation has:   Maintained for at least six months on the electric membership corporation's website or on a public posting in the electric membership corporation's main office a list of the names and last known addresses of all owners of property held by the electric membership corporation which has been presumed abandoned, together with instructions on how to claim such property; and   Published in the legal organ in the county in which the electric membership corporation's main office is located notice of the last date to claim property that has been presumed abandoned. Such notice shall be published within three to six months prior to the last date to claim the property and shall state that the names of the owners may be found at the electric membership corporation's website or the main office.       (Code 1981, §44-12-236, enacted by Ga. L. 2005, p. 792, § 1/HB 431; Ga. L. 2020, p. 493, § 44/SB 429.)
GA Code § 44-12-236.1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-236.1. Donation of Abandoned Dividends or Capital Credits by Rural Telephone Cooperatives for Certain Purposes

  As used in the Code section, the term:   "Area" means any county in which a telephone cooperative provides telephone service and any county adjacent thereto.   "Telephone cooperative" shall have the same meaning as provided for the term "cooperative" in Code Section 46-5-62.   "Telephone service" shall have the same meaning as provided for in Code Section 46-5-62.     All patronage dividends or capital credits held by a telephone cooperative that are presumed abandoned pursuant to this article in a given calendar year may, in lieu of payment of delivery to the commissioner pursuant to this article, be donated to a nonprofit organization exempt from taxation under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code that supports education or economic development in the area if the telephone cooperative has:   Maintained for at least six months on the telephone cooperative's website or on a public posting in the telephone cooperative's main office, a list of the names and last known addresses of all owners of property held by the telephone cooperative that have been presumed abandoned, together with instructions on how to claim such property; and   Published in the legal organ in the county in which the telephone cooperative's main office is located notice of the last date to claim property that has been presumed abandoned. Such notice shall be published within three to six months prior to the last date to claim the property and shall state that the names of the owners may be found at the telephone cooperative's website or main office.       (Code 1981, §44-12-236.1, enacted by Ga. L. 2017, p. 352, § 6/SB 46.)
GA Code § 44-12-237 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-237. Unclaimed United States Savings Bond

  Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of Code Section 44-12-216, United States savings bonds which are unclaimed property and subject to the provisions of Code Section 44-12-190, et seq., the "Disposition of Unclaimed Property Act," shall escheat to the State of Georgia three years after becoming unclaimed property and subject to the provisions of Code Section 44-12-190, et seq., and all property rights to such United States savings bonds or proceeds from such bonds shall vest solely in the State of Georgia.   If, within 180 days after the passage of three years pursuant to subsection (a) of this Code section, no claim has been filed in accordance with the provisions of Code Section 44-12-190, et seq., for such United States savings bonds, the commissioner shall commence a civil action in the Superior Court of Fulton County for a determination that such United States savings bonds shall escheat to the state. The commissioner may postpone the bringing of such action until sufficient United States savings bonds have accumulated in the commissioner's custody to justify the expense of such proceedings.   If no person shall file a claim or appear at the hearing to substantiate a claim or if the court shall determine that a claimant is not entitled to the property claimed, then the court, if satisfied by evidence that the commissioner has substantially complied with the laws of this state, shall enter a judgment that the subject United States savings bonds have escheated to the state.   The commissioner shall redeem such United States savings bonds, and the proceeds shall be deposited in the state general fund in accordance with the provisions of Code Section 44-12-218.     (Code 1981, §44-12-237, enacted by Ga. L. 2015, p. 937, § 2/HB 322.)
GA Code § 44-12-238 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 5 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property|§ 44-12-238. Claim for United States Savings Bonds Escheated to State

 Any person making a claim for the United States savings bonds escheated to the state under Code Section 44-12-237, or for the proceeds from such bonds, may file a claim in accordance with the provisions of Code Section 44-12-190, et seq., the "Disposition of Unclaimed Property Act." Upon providing sufficient proof of the validity of such person's claim, the commissioner may pay such claim in accordance with the provisions of Code Section 44-12-190, et seq.    (Code 1981, §44-12-238, enacted by Ga. L. 2015, p. 937, § 2/HB 322.)
GA Code § 44-12-240 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 6 - Falling Pecans|§ 44-12-240. Definitions

 As used in this article, the term:    "Harvesting season" means that portion of each calendar year beginning on October 1 and ending on December 31.   "Owner" means the person, firm, or corporation owning the land on which pecan trees are growing or the person, firm, or corporation having legal possession of the land.    (Ga. L. 1976, p. 272, § 2.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 63 Am. Jur. 2d, Property, § 31.   C.J.S.   - 73 C.J.S., Property, § 24 et seq.
GA Code § 44-12-241 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 6 - Falling Pecans|§ 44-12-241. Pecans Falling on Public Right of Way - Ownership During Harvest Season; Picking Pecans From Tree Limbs Without Permission; Penalty

  When pecan trees are grown on private property and the branches of the trees extend over public roads, streets, or highway rights of way, any pecans falling from any such pecan trees onto the public rights of way shall be the property of the owner of the pecan trees until the end of the harvesting season; and it shall be unlawful for any person to remove the pecans from any public rights of way during the harvesting season without the permission of the owner of the trees.   It shall be unlawful for any person, without the permission of the owner of pecan trees grown on private property, to pick or otherwise remove any pecans from the limbs or branches of the trees or to cause pecans to fall from the trees.   Any person who violates this Code section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.    (Ga. L. 1976, p. 272, §§ 1, 5; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 44.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 63 Am. Jur. 2d, Property, § 1.   C.J.S.   - 73 C.J.S., Property, § 24 et seq.
GA Code § 44-12-242 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 6 - Falling Pecans|§ 44-12-242. Pecans Falling on Public Right of Way - Removal Out of Harvest Season

 Any pecans remaining on public roads, streets, or highway rights of way during any portion of the calendar year except the harvesting season shall be deemed to be abandoned by the owner of the pecans; and it shall not be unlawful for any person to remove such pecans from such public rights of way.   (Ga. L. 1976, p. 272, § 3.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 63 Am. Jur. 2d, Property, § 43.   C.J.S.   - 73 C.J.S., Property, § 31 et seq.
GA Code § 44-12-243 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 12 - Rights in Personalty|Article 6 - Falling Pecans|§ 44-12-243. Effect of Article on Maintenance of Public Rights of Way; Harvest on Limited Access Highways

 This article shall not be construed to prohibit employees of the Department of Transportation or the employees of a county or municipality from engaging in normal activities of maintenance on the rights of way of public roads, streets, or highways; nor shall this article be construed to grant the owner of any pecan trees the right to harvest pecans from the right of way of any interstate or other limited access highway.   (Ga. L. 1976, p. 272, § 4.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 73 Am. Jur. 2d, Statutes, § 60 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 82 C.J.S., Statutes, § 306 et seq.
GA Code § 44-13-101 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 13 - Exemptions From Levy and Sale|Article 2 - Statutory Exemptions|§ 44-13-101. Method of Obtaining Exemption

 Every debtor seeking the benefit of Code Section 44-13-100 or, if he refuses, his wife or any person acting as her next friend shall make out a schedule of the property claimed to be exempt and shall return the schedule to the judge of the probate court of the county without making any application for homestead; and it shall not be necessary to publish the schedule in a newspaper. The judge shall record the schedule in a book to be kept by him for that purpose; and, when land out of his county is exempted, he shall transmit the schedule to the judge of the probate court of the county in which the land is located for recording in like manner.   (Laws 1822, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 385; Code 1863, § 2014; Code 1868, § 2014; Ga. L. 1870, p. 74, § 1; Code 1873, § 2041; Code 1882, § 2041; Civil Code 1895, § 2867; Ga. L. 1898, p. 52, § 1; Civil Code 1910, p. 3417; Code 1933, § 51-1401.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 31 Am. Jur. 2d, Exemptions, § 128 et seq. 40 Am. Jur. 2d, Homesteads, § 77 et seq.   ALR.    - Homestead right of cotenant as affecting partition, 140 A.L.R. 1170.
GA Code § 44-13-102 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 13 - Exemptions From Levy and Sale|Article 2 - Statutory Exemptions|§ 44-13-102. Survey and Plat of Exempted Land; Return to Probate Court; Recordation

 Upon an application by a debtor, it shall be the duty of the county surveyor or any other surveyor if there shall be no county surveyor to lay off the land allowed to the debtor's family under this article and make a plat of the same, which plat shall be returned to the judge of the probate court within 15 days after the application is made to the surveyor by the debtor, and recorded as provided for in Code Section 44-13-101.   (Laws 1841, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 389; Laws 1843, Cobb's 1851 Digest, p. 390; Code 1863, § 2015; Code 1868, § 2015; Code 1873, § 2042; Ga. L. 1878-79, p. 69, § 1; Code 1882, § 2042; Civil Code 1895, § 2868; Civil Code 1910, § 3418; Code 1933, § 51-1402; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 44.)   Cross references.   - Authority of county surveyor to establish fee for making plat of homestead, affidavit, and return, § 36-7-9.    Appointment of person to perform duties of county surveyor when no such office exists in county, § 36-7-13.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Quantity of land.    - O.C.G.A. § 44-13-102 does not apply to a case where the quantity of land owned by the defendant is less than that exempted. Rogers v. Hawkins, 20 Ga. 200 (1856); Connally v. Hardwick, 61 Ga. 501 (1878); Pritchard v. Ward, 64 Ga. 446 (1879); Clark v. Kinney, 177 Ga. 864, 171 S.E. 763 (1933).   Plats made by another than county surveyor.    - Under O.C.G.A. § 44-13-102, when it is shown that the plats were made by another than the county surveyor, the law will presume there was no county surveyor. Dunagan v. Stadler, 101 Ga. 474, 29 S.E. 440 (1897).   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 31 Am. Jur. 2d, Exemptions, § 79 et seq. 40 Am. Jur. 2d, Homesteads, § 140 et seq.
GA Code § 44-13-103 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 13 - Exemptions From Levy and Sale|Article 2 - Statutory Exemptions|§ 44-13-103. Objections to Survey or to Valuation of Improvements; Application to Probate Court; Appointment of Appraisers; Alterations in Survey

 Should any creditor, for any cause, desire to dispute the propriety of the survey or the value of the improvements, he may make application to the judge of the probate court and give notice to the debtor thereof. Thereafter, the judge may appoint three appraisers to view the survey and to value the improvements; and, on their return, the judge may direct the surveyor to make such alterations as shall, in his judgment, be conformable to law. It shall be a valid ground of objection to the propriety of any survey that the same has been so made by a disregard of the shape and location of the entire tract as to injure unjustly or needlessly the value of any land left unexempted.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2016; Code 1868, § 2016; Code 1873, § 2043; Ga. L. 1878-79, p. 69, § 2; Code 1882, § 2043; Civil Code 1895, § 2869; Civil Code 1910, § 3419; Code 1933, § 51-1403.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 31 Am. Jur. 2d, Exemptions, §§ 135, 137. 40 Am. Jur. 2d, Homesteads, § 83.
GA Code § 44-13-104 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 13 - Exemptions From Levy and Sale|Article 2 - Statutory Exemptions|§ 44-13-104. Town Property Worth More Than $500.00; Sale and Reinvestment

 If the debtor in value owns real property in town which exceeds the sum of $500.00 and it cannot be so divided as to give that amount to his family, he may give notice to the officer levying thereon. When the proceeds of the sale are distributed, the court shall order $500.00 of the same to be invested by some proper person in a home for the family of the debtor, which home shall be exempt as if laid off under this article.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2017; Code 1868, § 2017; Code 1873, § 2044; Code 1882, § 2044; Civil Code 1895, § 2870; Civil Code 1910, § 3420; Code 1933, § 51-1404.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 40 Am. Jur. 2d, Homesteads, §§ 30, 32, 37.   C.J.S.   - 40 C.J.S., Homesteads, § 33.
GA Code § 44-13-105 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 13 - Exemptions From Levy and Sale|Article 2 - Statutory Exemptions|§ 44-13-105. Sale of Property Subject to Encumbrance of Homestead

 If, from any cause, the exempt land has not been laid off when the remainder of the land is offered for sale, the purchaser shall buy subject to the encumbrance of the homestead if he was given notice of the exemption.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2018; Code 1868, § 2018; Code 1873, § 2045; Code 1882, § 2045; Civil Code 1895, § 2871; Civil Code 1910, § 3421; Code 1933, § 51-1405.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 31 Am. Jur. 2d, Exemptions, §§ 13, 134, 138, 146. 40 Am. Jur. 2d, Homesteads, §§ 83 et seq., 110 et seq.   C.J.S.   - 40 C.J.S., Homesteads, §§ 95 et seq., 148, 154.
GA Code § 44-13-106 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 44 - Property|Chapter 13 - Exemptions From Levy and Sale|Article 2 - Statutory Exemptions|§ 44-13-106. Use of Exempted Property

 The property exempt under this article shall be for the use and benefit of the family of the debtor from whose estate the property has been exempted and allowed. Upon the death of the wife or her subsequent marriage, the property shall remain for the support and benefit of the minor children of the debtor during their minority.   (Orig. Code 1863, § 2021; Ga. L. 1865-66, p. 29, § 2; Code 1868, § 2021; Code 1873, § 2048; Ga. L. 1880-81, p. 69, § 1; Code 1882, § 2048a; Civil Code 1895, § 2874; Civil Code 1910, § 3424; Code 1933, § 51-1503; Ga. L. 1982, p. 3, § 44.)   RESEARCH REFERENCES   Am. Jur. 2d.   - 31 Am. Jur. 2d, Exemptions, §§ 32, 132. 40 Am. Jur. 2d, Homestead, §§ 148, 155, 156, 166, 167.   C.J.S.   - 40 C.J.S., Homesteads, § 167 et seq.