reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
GA Code § 36-42-10 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-10. Applicability of "Revenue Bond Law"; Form and Provisions for Exchange and Transfer of Bonds; Certificate of Validation; Specification of Interest Rates in Notice to District Attorney or Attorney General

  All bonds issued by the authority under this chapter shall be issued and validated under and in accordance with Article 3 of Chapter 82 of this title, the "Revenue Bond Law," except as provided in this chapter, provided that notes and other obligations of the authority may, but shall not be required to, be so validated.   Bonds issued by an authority may be in such form, either coupon or fully registered, or both coupon and fully registered, and may be subject to such exchangeability and transferability provisions, as the bond resolution authorizing the issuance of such bonds or any indenture or trust agreement may provide.   Bonds shall bear a certificate of validation. The signature of the clerk of the superior court of the county in which the issuing authority is located may be made on the certificate of validation of such bonds by facsimile or by manual execution, stating the date on which such bonds were validated; and such entry shall be original evidence of the fact of judgment and shall be received as original evidence in any court in this state.   In lieu of specifying the rate or rates of interest which bonds to be issued by an authority are to bear, the notice to the district attorney or the Attorney General, the notice to the public of the time, place, and date of the validation hearing, and the petition and complaint for validation may state that the bonds when issued will bear interest at a rate not exceeding a maximum per annum rate of interest (which may be fixed or may fluctuate or otherwise change from time to time) specified in such notices and petition and complaint or may state that, in the event the bonds are to bear different rates of interest for different maturity dates, none of such rates will exceed the maximum rate (which may be fixed or may fluctuate or otherwise change from time to time) so specified; provided, however, that nothing in this Code section shall be construed as prohibiting or restricting the right of the authority to sell such bonds at a discount, even if in doing so the effective interest cost resulting therefrom would exceed the maximum per annum interest rate specified in such notices and in the petition and complaint.   The terms "cost of the project" and "cost of any project" shall have the meaning prescribed in this chapter whenever those terms are referred to in bond resolutions of an authority, in bonds, notes, or other obligations of an authority, or in notices or proceedings to validate such bonds, notes, or other obligations of an authority.    (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1744, § 8.)   Law reviews.   - For article surveying developments in Georgia local government law from mid-1980 through mid-1981, see 33 Mercer L. Rev. 187 (1981).
GA Code § 36-42-11 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-11. Agreements and Instruments of Authority Generally; Use of Proceeds; Subsequent Issues; Bond Anticipation Notes

  Subject to the limitations and procedures provided by this Code section and by Code Section 36-42-10, the agreements or instruments executed by an authority may contain such provisions not inconsistent with law as shall be determined by the board of directors of the authority.   The proceeds derived from the sale of all bonds, notes, and other obligations issued by an authority shall be held and used for the ultimate purpose of paying, directly or indirectly as permitted in this chapter, all or part of the cost of any project, or for the purpose of refunding any bonds, notes, or other obligations issued in accordance with this chapter.   Issuance by an authority of one or more series of bonds, notes, or other obligations for one or more purposes shall not preclude it from issuing other bonds, notes, or other obligations in connection with the same project or with any other projects; but the proceeding wherein any subsequent bonds, notes, or other obligations are issued shall recognize and protect any prior loan agreement, mortgage, deed to secure debt, trust deed, security agreement, or other agreement or instrument made for any prior issue of bonds, notes, or other obligations, unless in the resolution authorizing such prior issue the right is expressly reserved to the authority to issue subsequent bonds, notes, or other obligations on a parity with such prior issue.   An authority shall have the power and is authorized, whenever bonds of the authority shall have been validated as provided in this chapter, to issue from time to time its notes in anticipation of such bonds as validated and to renew from time to time any such notes by the issuance of new notes, whether or not the notes to be renewed have matured. The authority may issue such bond anticipation notes only to provide funds which would otherwise be provided by the issuance of the bonds as validated. Such notes may be authorized, sold, executed, and delivered in the same manner as bonds. As with its bonds, the authority may sell such notes at public sale or at private sale. Any resolution or resolutions authorizing notes of the authority or any issue thereof may contain any provisions which the authority is authorized to include in any resolution or resolutions authorizing bonds of the authority to any issue thereof; and the authority may include in any notes any terms, covenants, or conditions which the authority is authorized to include in any bonds. Validation of such bonds shall be a condition precedent to the issuance of such notes, but it shall not be required that such notes be judicially validated. Bond anticipation notes shall not be issued in an amount exceeding the par value of the bonds in anticipation of which they are to be issued.    (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1744, § 8.)
GA Code § 36-42-12 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-12. Obligations of Authorities Not Public Debt of State or Political Subdivision Thereof

 No bonds, notes, or other obligations of, and no indebtedness incurred by, an authority shall constitute an indebtedness or obligation of the State of Georgia or any county, municipal corporation, or political subdivision thereof, nor shall any act of any authority in any manner constitute or result in the creation of an indebtedness of this state or any county, municipal corporation, or political subdivision thereof. No holder or holders of any such bonds, notes, or other obligations shall ever have the right to compel any exercise of the taxing power of the state or any county, municipal corporation, or political subdivision thereof, nor to enforce the payment thereof against the state or any such county, municipal corporation, or political subdivision.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1744, § 11.)
GA Code § 36-42-13 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-13. Constitutional Authority for Enactment of Chapter; Tax Exemption

 This chapter is enacted pursuant to authority granted the General Assembly by the Constitution of Georgia. Each authority created pursuant to this chapter is created for nonprofit and public purposes; and it is found, determined, and declared that the creation of each such authority and the carrying out of its corporate purposes is in all respects for the benefit of the people of this state and that each authority is an institution of purely public charity and will be performing an essential governmental function in the exercise of the power conferred upon it by this chapter; and for such reasons the state covenants with the holders from time to time of the bonds, notes, and other obligations issued under this chapter that no such authority shall be required to pay any taxes or assessments imposed by this state or any counties, municipal corporations, political subdivisions, or taxing districts thereof upon any property acquired by the authority or under its jurisdiction, control, possession, or supervision or leased by it to others or upon its activities in the operation or maintenance of any such property or on any income derived by the authority in the form of fees, recording fees, rentals, charges, purchase price, installments, or otherwise; and that the bonds, notes, and other obligations of each such authority, their transfer, and the income therefrom shall at all times be exempt from taxation within this state. The tax exemption provided for in this Code section shall not include any exemption from sales and use tax on property purchased by the authority or for use by the authority.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1744, § 12.)   Cross references.   - Authority of General Assembly to create development authorities, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. IX, Sec. VI, Para. III.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Constitutional authority.    - Downtown Development Authorities Law is solely based upon Ga. Const. 1983, Art. IX, Sec. VI, Para. III (development authorities) and not Ga. Const. 1983, Art. IX, Sec. III, Para. I (intergovernmental contracts). Odom v. Union City Downtown Dev. Auth., 251 Ga. 248, 305 S.E.2d 110 (1983).
GA Code § 36-42-14 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-14. Effect of Chapter on Other Public Authorities

 This chapter shall not affect any other authority existing as of April 17, 1981, or thereafter under general or local constitutional amendment or under general or local law.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1744, § 14.)
GA Code § 36-42-15 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-15. Construction of Chapter; Applicability of the "Georgia Uniform Securities Act of 2008."

 This chapter shall be liberally construed to effect the purposes hereof. The offer, sale, or issuance of bonds, notes, or other obligations by any authority shall not be subject to regulation under Chapter 5 of Title 10, the "Georgia Uniform Securities Act of 2008." No notice, proceeding, or publication except those required by this chapter shall be necessary to the performance of any act authorized by this chapter, nor shall any such act be subject to referendum.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 1744, § 10; Ga. L. 2008, p. 381, § 10/SB 358.)
GA Code § 36-42-16 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-16. Creation of Special Districts

 Pursuant to Article IX, Section II, Paragraph VI of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, municipalities may create one or more special districts within the area of operation of a downtown development authority for the purpose of levying and collecting taxes, fees, or assessments to pay the cost of any project or to support the exercise of any other powers which the authority may possess.    (Code 1981, §36-42-16, enacted by Ga. L. 1992, p. 2533, § 5.)
GA Code § 36-42-17 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 42 - Downtown Development Authorities|§ 36-42-17. Assessments Under Code Section 36-42-16; Priority of Liens Regarding Assessments for Downtown Development Authorities

  An assessment under Code Section 36-42-16 that relates to any project described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (6) of Code Section 36-42-3 shall be levied and may be collected when:   A written contract regarding such assessment is executed by the property owner, the authority, and the project administrator;   Such contract is administratively acknowledged by the relevant local jurisdiction with the taxing authority; and   A notice of assessment is recorded in the property records of the relevant local jurisdiction.     A lien for any assessment under Code Section 36-42-16 that relates to any project under subparagraph (B) of paragraph (6) of Code Section 36-42-3 shall have the same priority as municipal liens under paragraph (4) of subsection (b) and subparagraph (g)(2)(B) of Code Section 48-2-56.     (Code 1981, §36-42-17, enacted by Ga. L. 2015, p. 1329, § 1/SB 4; Ga. L. 2017, p. 753, § 1/HB 428.)    The 2017 amendment,  effective July 1, 2017, added subsection (a); and designated the previously existing provisions of this Code section as subsection (b).
GA Code § 36-43-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-1. Short Title

 This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "City Business Improvement District Act."   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 1.)
GA Code § 36-43-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-2. Legislative Purpose

 The General Assembly finds that many business districts within large cities in this state are in an economically depressed condition and that this condition adversely affects the economic and general well-being of the people of such large cities of the state. It is further found and declared that the establishment of city business improvement districts is an effective means for restoring and promoting commercial and other business activity within such business districts.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 3.)   Cross references.   - Clearance and rehabilitation of blighted areas, T. 8, C. 4.
GA Code § 36-43-3 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-3. Definitions

 As used in this chapter, the term:    "District" means a city business improvement district established pursuant to this chapter.   "District plan" or "plan" means a proposal adopted by ordinance which includes all of the following:   A map of the district;   A description of the boundaries of the district proposed for creation or extension, such description to be sufficient to identify the lands included, the present and proposed uses of these lands, the supplemental services to be provided within the district, the maximum millage to be levied for providing supplemental services, the proposed time for implementation and completion of the plan, any design and rehabilitation standards which may be mandated for buildings located within each district, and any rules and regulations applicable to the district. Boundaries of any such district shall not include land on which is located telephone central office and switching facilities serving an area exceeding the boundaries of the district; and   Any other item required to be incorporated therein by the governing authority.     "Municipality" means any municipal corporation located wholly within this state.   "Supplemental services" means those services provided for the improvement and promotion of the district, including, but not limited to, advertising, promotion, sanitation, security, and business recruitment and development.   "Taxpayer" means any entity or person paying ad valorem taxes on real or personal property, whether on one or more businesses or one or more parcels of property within a district.    (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 2; Ga. L. 1988, p. 539, § 1.)
GA Code § 36-43-4 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-4. Powers of Municipalities With Respect to Districts Generally

 Upon the establishment of any city business improvement district pursuant to this chapter, the governing authority of any municipality to which this chapter is applicable shall have authority to exercise the following powers with respect to each such district, subject to this chapter:    To adopt a district plan for the provision of supplemental services to the district and to adopt budgets for the implementation of such supplemental services;   To fix and levy annually a millage upon real and personal property within the district, to make such assessments liens upon the properties, and to enforce such liens in the same manner as other city taxes;   To provide supplemental services or to contract with nonprofit corporations or to contract with downtown development authorities established pursuant to Chapter 42 of this title for all or part of the supplemental services required to implement the plan;   To mandate design and rehabilitation standards for buildings located within the district subject to any existing or established historic preservation requirements or ordinances; and   To levy and collect a surcharge on existing business license and occupation taxes upon businesses and occupations within the district and to enforce liens for nonpayment of said surcharges in the same manner as other city taxes.    (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 4; Ga. L. 1990, p. 1348, § 1; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2533, § 6.)
GA Code § 36-43-5 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-5. Adoption of District Plan

 The governing authority of any municipality to which this chapter is applicable may create city business improvement districts by the adoption of district plans, as follows:    No such plan may be adopted except upon a written petition signed and acknowledged by either:   At least 51 percent of the municipal taxpayers (as shown by the most recent list of taxpayers billed by the municipality) of the district proposed for creation or extension; or   Municipal taxpayers owning at least 51 percent (by assessed value as shown by the most recent assessment rolls of the municipality) of the taxable property subject to ad valorem real and personal property taxation in the district;     Such petition must be accompanied by a proposed district plan, to include a budget, a formula for imposing assessments on the taxpayers within the district, and design and rehabilitation standards, if desired;   The petition shall be presented to the governing authority of the municipality, which shall refer it to the appropriate municipal departments for review of its sufficiency, reasonableness of assessments, and financial feasibility of the plan. These departments shall submit to the governing authority reports which shall approve of, disapprove of, or give qualified approval with modifications to the district plan, with reasons therefor. The governing authority shall hold a public hearing on the issue of whether such district should be created, provided that notice of the hearing shall be placed in a newspaper of general circulation in the community at least ten days prior to the date of the hearing. The governing authority may approve, approve with modifications, or disapprove the plan; and   Any district plan thus adopted may be amended from time to time or rescinded or its budget may be revised by ordinance.    (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 5; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2533, § 6.)
GA Code § 36-43-6 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-6. Financing of Districts

 The expense incurred in the provision of supplemental services within a district shall be financed in accordance with the district plan upon which the establishment or extension of the district was based, provided that the cost of supplemental services shall not include the cost to the district of services performed by the municipality on a city-wide basis. Any property tax charges or business license fee and occupation tax surcharges shall be levied and collected in the same manner, at the same time, and by the same officers as other city taxes and assessments.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 6; Ga. L. 1990, p. 1348, § 2; Ga. L. 1992, p. 2533, § 6.)
GA Code § 36-43-7 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-7. Segregation of Funds

 No charges assessed and collected by a municipality pursuant to this chapter shall be spent for any purpose not authorized by the district plan of the district where such charges were assessed and collected, except for such costs as may be attributed to the billing and collection of such charges.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 7.)
GA Code § 36-43-8 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-8. Design and Rehabilitation Standards

 Upon the establishment of any district pursuant to this chapter, the governing authority of any municipality to which this chapter is applicable may mandate design and rehabilitation standards for buildings within districts if it finds that such standards are necessary to prevent or eliminate blight, to establish and improve property values, and to foster economic development within districts. The governing authority may establish deadlines for compliance with these standards and may provide for their enforcement.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 8.)   Cross references.   - Standards and requirements for construction, alteration and other modifications of buildings generally, T. 8, C. 2.   Clearance and rehabilitation of blighted areas, T. 8, C. 4.
GA Code § 36-43-9 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 43 - City Business Improvement Districts|§ 36-43-9. Termination of Districts

 Any district which is created or renewed pursuant to Code Section 36-43-5 shall terminate and cease to exist on a date specific no less than five years and no more than ten years from the date of its creation or renewal by ordinance.   (Ga. L. 1981, p. 4531, § 9; Ga. L. 1998, p. 1209, § 13.)
GA Code § 36-44-1 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 44 - Redevelopment Powers|§ 36-44-1. Short Title

 This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Redevelopment Powers Law."    (Code 1981, §36-44-1, enacted by Ga. L. 2009, p. 158, § 2/HB 63.)   Cross references.   - PILOT restriction, § 36-80-16.1.   JUDICIAL DECISIONS   Power to impose fees.    - An intergovernmental agreement between a city and development authority was lawful under Ga. Const. 1983, Art. IX, Sec. II, Para. VII(c), despite the objectors' claim that the city was not authorized to assess infrastructure fees and provide the fees as payment for bonds; the city had statutory authority to impose the fees under the Redevelopment Powers Law, O.C.G.A. § 36-44-1 et seq., and O.C.G.A. § 36-88-6(g)(1) of the Enterprise Zone Employment Act, O.C.G.A. § 36-88-1 et seq. Franzen v. Downtown Dev. Auth. of Atlanta, 309 Ga. 411, 845 S.E.2d 539 (2020).   Validation of bonds.   - Trial court's validation of three bonds at issue was upheld because the record supported the trial court's decision to defer to the city's view that redevelopment served a beneficial public purpose and while not all residents, including the intervenors, shared the city's vision for the area, that did not mean that the project was illegal. Franzen v. City of Atlanta, Ga. App. , S.E.2d (Mar. 29, 2021).
GA Code § 36-44-2 (2021)
2021 Georgia Code|Title 36 - Local Government|Chapter 44 - Redevelopment Powers|§ 36-44-2. Legislative Findings and Purpose

 It is found and declared that economically and socially depressed areas exist within counties and municipalities of this state and that these areas contribute to or cause unemployment, limit the tax resources of counties and municipalities, and create a greater demand for governmental services and, in general, have a deleterious effect upon the public health, safety, morals, and welfare. It is, therefore, in the public interest that such areas be redeveloped to the maximum extent practicable to improve economic and social conditions therein in order to abate or eliminate such deleterious effects. To encourage such redevelopment, it is essential that the counties and municipalities of this state have additional powers to form a more effective partnership with private enterprise to overcome economic limitations that have previously impeded or prohibited redevelopment of such areas. It is the purpose of this chapter, therefore, to grant such additional powers to the counties and municipalities of this state, and it is the intention of the General Assembly that this chapter be liberally construed to carry out such purpose.    (Code 1981, §36-44-2, enacted by Ga. L. 2009, p. 158, § 2/HB 63.)