reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MI Comp L § 600.2153 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2153 - Public Officers; Administration of Oaths for Certain Purposes.

600.2153 Public officers; administration of oaths for certain purposes. Sec. 2153.  Whenever any application is made to any public officer or board of officers to do any act in an official capacity, and such officer or board requires information or proof to enable him or them to decide on the propriety of doing such act, such information or proof may be required to be given by affidavit, and such officer or any member of such board, may administer all necessary oaths for that purpose. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2154 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2154 - Witness; Obligation to Answer Through Revealing Civil Liability; Self-Incrimination.

600.2154 Witness; obligation to answer through revealing civil liability; self-incrimination. Sec. 2154.  Any competent witness in a cause shall not be excused from answering a question relevant to the matter in issue, on the ground merely that the answer to such question may establish, or tend to establish, that such witness owes a debt, or is otherwise subject to a civil suit; but this provision shall not be construed to require a witness to give any answer which will have a tendency to accuse himself of any crime or misdemeanor, or to expose him to any penalty or forfeiture, nor in any respect to vary or alter any other rule respecting the examination of witnesses. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2155 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2155 - Statement, Writing, or Action Expressing Sympathy, Compassion, Commiseration, or Benevolence; Admissibility in Action for Malpractice; "Family" Defined.

600.2155 Statement, writing, or action expressing sympathy, compassion, commiseration, or benevolence; admissibility in action for malpractice; "family" defined.Sec. 2155.  (1) A statement, writing, or action that expresses sympathy, compassion, commiseration, or a general sense of benevolence relating to the pain, suffering, or death of an individual and that is made to that individual or to the individual's family is inadmissible as evidence of an admission of liability in an action for medical malpractice.  (2) This section does not apply to a statement of fault, negligence, or culpable conduct that is part of or made in addition to a statement, writing, or action described in subsection (1).  (3) As used in this section, "family" means spouse, parent, grandparent, stepmother, stepfather, child, adopted child, grandchild, brother, sister, half brother, half sister, father-in-law, or mother-in-law. History: Add. 2011, Act 21, Imd. Eff. Apr. 20, 2011 Compiler's Notes: Former MCL 600.2155, which pertained to obligation of witness to answer, was repealed by Act 274 of 1984, Eff. Mar. 29, 1985.Enacting section 1 of Act 21 of 2011 provides:"Enacting section 1. This amendatory act applies only to civil actions filed on or after the effective date of this amendatory act."
MI Comp L § 600.2156 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2156 - Minister, Priest, or Christian Science Practitioner; Nondisclosure of Confessions.

600.2156 Minister, priest, or Christian Science practitioner; nondisclosure of confessions. Sec. 2156.  No minister of the gospel, or priest of any denomination whatsoever, or duly accredited Christian Science practitioner, shall be allowed to disclose any confessions made to him in his professional character, in the course of discipline enjoined by the rules or practice of such denomination. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1962, Act 187, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1962
MI Comp L § 600.2157 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2157 - Physician-Patient Privilege; Waiver.

600.2157 Physician-patient privilege; waiver. Sec. 2157.  Except as otherwise provided by law, a person duly authorized to practice medicine or surgery shall not disclose any information that the person has acquired in attending a patient in a professional character, if the information was necessary to enable the person to prescribe for the patient as a physician, or to do any act for the patient as a surgeon. If the patient brings an action against any defendant to recover for any personal injuries, or for any malpractice, and the patient produces a physician as a witness in the patient's own behalf who has treated the patient for the injury or for any disease or condition for which the malpractice is alleged, the patient shall be considered to have waived the privilege provided in this section as to another physician who has treated the patient for the injuries, disease, or condition. If a patient has died, the heirs at law of the patient, whether proponents or contestants of the patient's will, shall be considered to be personal representatives of the deceased patient for the purpose of waiving the privilege under this section in a contest upon the question of admitting the patient's will to probate. If a patient has died, the beneficiary of a life insurance policy insuring the life of the patient, or the patient's heirs at law, may waive the privilege under this section for the purpose of providing the necessary documentation to a life insurer in examining a claim for benefits. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1989, Act 102, Eff. Sept. 1, 1989 ;-- Am. 1995, Act 205, Imd. Eff. Nov. 29, 1995
MI Comp L § 600.2157a (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2157a - Definitions; Consultation Between Victim and Sexual Assault or Domestic Violence Counselor; Admissibility.

600.2157a Definitions; consultation between victim and sexual assault or domestic violence counselor; admissibility. Sec. 2157a.  (1) For purposes of this section:  (a) "Confidential communication" means information transmitted between a victim and a sexual assault or domestic violence counselor, or between a victim or sexual assault or domestic violence counselor and any other person to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary to further the interests of the victim, in connection with the rendering of advice, counseling, or other assistance by the sexual assault or domestic violence counselor to the victim.  (b) "Domestic violence" means that term as defined in section 1501 of Act No. 389 of the Public Acts of 1978, being section 400.1501 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.  (c) "Sexual assault" means assault with intent to commit criminal sexual conduct.  (d) "Sexual assault or domestic violence counselor" means a person who is employed at or who volunteers service at a sexual assault or domestic violence crisis center, and who in that capacity provides advice, counseling, or other assistance to victims of sexual assault or domestic violence and their families.  (e) "Sexual assault or domestic violence crisis center" means an office, institution, agency, or center which offers assistance to victims of sexual assault or domestic violence and their families through crisis intervention and counseling.  (f) "Victim" means a person who was or who alleges to have been the subject of a sexual assault or of domestic violence.  (2) Except as provided by section 11 of the child protection law, Act No. 238 of the Public Acts of 1975, being section 722.631 of the Michigan Compiled Laws, a confidential communication, or any report, working paper, or statement contained in a report or working paper, given or made in connection with a consultation between a victim and a sexual assault or domestic violence counselor, shall not be admissible as evidence in any civil or criminal proceeding without the prior written consent of the victim. History: Add. 1984, Act 340, Eff. Mar. 29, 1985
MI Comp L § 600.2157b (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2157b - Confidential Communication to Crime Stoppers Organization; Definitions.

600.2157b Confidential communication to crime stoppers organization; definitions.Sec. 2157b.  (1) Except as provided in subsection (2) or (3), a person shall not be required to do either of the following in a civil or criminal proceeding:  (a) Disclose, by way of testimony or otherwise, a confidential communication to a crime stoppers organization.  (b) Produce, under subpoena, any records, documentary evidence, opinions, or decisions relating to a confidential communication to a crime stoppers organization by way of any discovery procedure.  (2) An individual arrested and charged with a criminal offense or an individual who is a party in a civil proceeding may petition the court for an inspection conducted in camera of the records of a confidential communication to a crime stoppers organization concerning that individual. The petition shall allege facts showing that the records would provide evidence favorable to the defendant or the party in a civil proceeding and relevant to the issue of guilt or punishment, or liability. If the court determines that the person is entitled to all or any part of those records, the court may order production and disclosure as it deems appropriate.  (3) The prosecution in a criminal proceeding may petition the court for an inspection conducted in camera of the records of a confidential communication to a crime stoppers organization that the prosecution contends was made by the defendant, or by another individual acting on behalf of the defendant, for the purpose of providing false or misleading information to the crime stoppers organization. The petition shall allege facts showing that the records would provide evidence supporting the prosecution's contention and would be relevant to the issue of guilt or punishment. If the court determines that the prosecution is entitled to all or any part of those records, the court may order production and disclosure as it deems appropriate.  (4) As used in this section:  (a) "Confidential communication to a crime stoppers organization" means a statement by any person, in any manner whatsoever, to a crime stoppers organization for the purpose of reporting alleged criminal activity.  (b) "Crime stoppers organization" means a private, nonprofit organization that distributes rewards to persons who report to the organization information concerning criminal activity and that forwards the information to the appropriate law enforcement agency. History: Add. 2006, Act 557, Imd. Eff. Dec. 29, 2006
MI Comp L § 600.2158 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2158 - Crime; Interest or Relationship of Witness, Effect.

600.2158 Crime; interest or relationship of witness, effect. Sec. 2158.  No person shall be excluded from giving evidence on any matter, civil or criminal, by reason of crime or for any interest of such person in the matter, suit, or proceeding in question, or in the event of such matter, suit or proceeding, in which such testimony may be offered, or by reason of marital or other relationship to any party thereto; but such interest, relationship, or conviction of crime, may be shown for the purpose of drawing in question the credibility of such witness, except as is hereinafter provided. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2159 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2159 - Parties as Witnesses; Depositions; Comment on Failure of Criminal Defendant to Testify.

600.2159 Parties as witnesses; depositions; comment on failure of criminal defendant to testify. Sec. 2159.  On the trial of any issue joined, or in any matter, suit or proceeding, in any court, or on any inquiry arising in any suit or proceeding in any court, or before any officer or person having by law, or by consent of parties, authority to hear, receive, and examine evidence, the parties to any such suit or proceeding named in the record, and persons for whose benefit such suit or proceeding is prosecuted, or defended, may be witnesses therein in their own behalf or otherwise, in the same manner as other witnesses, except as hereinafter otherwise provided; and the deposition of any such party or person may be taken and used in evidence under the rules and statutes governing depositions, and any such party or person may be proceeded against and compelled to attend and testify, as is provided by law for other witnesses. No person shall be disqualified as a witness in any civil or criminal case or proceeding by reason of his interest in the event of the same as a party or otherwise or by reason of his having been convicted of any crime; but such interest or conviction may be shown for the purpose of affecting his credibility. A defendant in any criminal case or proceeding shall only at his own request be deemed a competent witness, and his neglect to testify shall not create any presumption against him, nor shall the court permit any reference or comment to be made to or upon such neglect. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2160 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2160 - Repealed. 1967, Act 263, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.

600.2160 Repealed. 1967, Act 263, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section provided for admissibility of testimony of opposite party on matters equally within knowledge of deceased or mentally incompetent person.
MI Comp L § 600.2161 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2161 - Cross Examination of Opposite Party or Agent.

600.2161 Cross examination of opposite party or agent. Sec. 2161.  In any suit or proceeding in any court in this state, either party, if he shall call as a witness in his behalf, the opposite party, employee or agent of said opposite party, or any person who at the time of the happening of the transaction out of which such suit or proceeding grew, was an employee or agent of the opposite party, shall have the right to cross-examine such witness the same as if he were called by the opposite party; and the answers of such witness shall not interfere with the right of such party to introduce evidence upon any issue involved in such suit or proceeding, and the party so calling and examining such witness shall not be bound to accept such answers as true. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2163 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2163 - Repealed. 1998, Act 323, Imd. Eff. Aug. 3, 1998.

600.2163 Repealed. 1998, Act 323, Imd. Eff. Aug. 3, 1998. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to children under 10 years as witnesses.
MI Comp L § 600.2164 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2164 - Expert Witnesses; Fees; Contempt for Excessive Fees; Number; Application of Section.

600.2164 Expert witnesses; fees; contempt for excessive fees; number; application of section. Sec. 2164.  (1) No expert witness shall be paid, or receive as compensation in any given case for his services as such, a sum in excess of the ordinary witness fees provided by law, unless the court before whom such witness is to appear, or has appeared, awards a larger sum, which sum may be taxed as a part of the taxable costs in the case. Any such witness who shall directly or indirectly receive a larger amount than such award, and any person who shall pay such witness a larger sum than such award, shall be guilty of contempt of court, and on conviction thereof be punished accordingly.  (2) No more than 3 experts shall be allowed to testify on either side as to the same issue in any given case, unless the court trying such case, in its discretion, permits an additional number of witnesses to testify as experts.  (3) The provisions of this section shall not be applicable to witnesses testifying to the established facts, or deductions of science, nor to any other specific facts, but only to witnesses testifying to matters of opinion. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
MI Comp L § 600.2164a (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2164a - Expert Witness; Testimony at Trial by Video Communication Equipment; Motion; Payment of Cost.

600.2164a Expert witness; testimony at trial by video communication equipment; motion; payment of cost.Sec. 2164a.  (1) If a court has determined that expert testimony will assist the trier of fact and that a witness is qualified to give the expert testimony, the court may, with the consent of all parties, allow the expert witness to be sworn and testify at trial by video communication equipment that permits all the individuals appearing or participating to hear and speak to each other in the court, chambers, or other suitable place. A verbatim record of the testimony shall be taken in the same manner as for other testimony.  (2) Unless good cause is shown to waive the requirement, a party who wishes to present expert testimony by video communication equipment under subsection (1) shall submit a motion in writing and serve a copy of the motion on all other parties at least 7 days before the date set for the trial.  (3) A party who initiates the use of video communication equipment under this section shall pay the cost for its use, unless the court otherwise directs. History: Add. 2012, Act 68, Eff. June 1, 2012 Compiler's Notes: Enacting section 1 of Act 68 of 2012 provides:"Enacting section 1. This amendatory act takes effect June 1, 2012 and applies only to actions filed on or after June 1, 2012."
MI Comp L § 600.2165 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2165 - Disclosure of Students' Records or Communications by School Teacher or Employee.

600.2165 Disclosure of students' records or communications by school teacher or employee. Sec. 2165.  No teacher, guidance officer, school executive or other professional person engaged in character building in the public schools or in any other educational institution, including any clerical worker of such schools and institutions, who maintains records of students' behavior or who has records in his custody, or who receives in confidence communications from students or other juveniles, shall be allowed in any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court of this state, to disclose any information obtained by him from the records or such communications; nor to produce records or transcript thereof, except that testimony may be given, with the consent of the person so confiding or to whom the records relate, if the person is 18 years of age or over, or, if the person is a minor, with the consent of his or her parent or legal guardian. History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1972, Act 87, Imd. Eff. Mar. 20, 1972
MI Comp L § 600.2166 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2166 - Admissibility of Evidence in Action by or Against Person Incapable of Testifying.

600.2166 Admissibility of evidence in action by or against person incapable of testifying. Sec. 2166.  (1) In an action by or against a person incapable of testifying, a party's own testimony shall not be admissible as to any matter which, if true, must have been equally within the knowledge of the person incapable of testifying, unless some material portion of his testimony is supported by some other material evidence tending to corroborate his claim.  (2) A "person incapable of testifying" includes an individual who is incapable of testifying by reason of death or incompetency and his heirs, legal representatives, or assigns; and includes an individual, corporation, or other entity, or the successors thereof, whose agent, having material knowledge of the matter, is incapable of testifying by reason of death or incompetency. A "party's own testimony" includes the testimony of his agents, successors, assigns, predecessors, or assignors.  (3) In any such actions, all entries, memoranda, and declarations by the individual so incapable of testifying, relevant to the matter, as well as evidence of his acts and habits of dealing tending to disprove or show the improbability of the claims of the adverse party, may be received in evidence.  (4) When the deposition, affidavit, or testimony of a person incapable of testifying is taken in his lifetime or when he is mentally sound, and is read in evidence in the action, the affidavit or testimony of the other party shall be admitted in his own behalf on all matters mentioned or covered in the deposition, affidavit, or testimony. When the testimony or deposition of a witness has once been taken and used, or has heretofore been taken and used, upon the trial of any cause, and the same was, when so taken and used, competent and admissible under this section, the subsequent death or incompetency of the witness or of any other person shall not render the testimony incompetent under this section, but the testimony shall be received upon any subsequent trial of such cause. History: Add. 1967, Act 263, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967 ;-- Am. 1969, Act 63, Imd. Eff. July 21, 1969 ;-- Am. 1974, Act 305, Imd. Eff. Dec. 9, 1974 Compiler's Notes: Section 2 of Act 305 of 1974 provides: “This 1974 amendatory act shall apply to actions pending on its effective date and to actions commenced thereafter, regardless of whether the cause of action arose prior to the effective date of this act or arose thereafter.”
MI Comp L § 600.2167 (2021)
2021 Michigan Compiled Laws|Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961|Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948)|236-1961-21 - Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)|Section 600.2167 - Repealed. 2014, Act 124, Imd. Eff. May 20, 2014.

600.2167 Repealed. 2014, Act 124, Imd. Eff. May 20, 2014. Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to receipt of technician's report in evidence.