reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AZ Rev Stat § 48-573 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-573 - Pedestrian malls

48-573.  Pedestrian malls In addition to the powers granted in section 48-572,  when the public interest or convenience requires,  the governing body of a municipality may: 1. Establish pedestrian malls. 2. Prohibit,  in whole or in part,  vehicular traffic on a pedestrian mall. 3. Pay,  from general funds of the municipality or other available monies or from the proceeds of assessments levied on lands benefited by the establishment of a pedestrian mall,  the damages,  if any,  allowed or awarded to any property owner by reason of the establishment of a pedestrian mall,  provided that the resolution of intention contains a statement that an assessment will be levied to pay the whole or a stated portion of such damages,  if any,  allowed or awarded to any property owner by reason of the establishment of such pedestrian mall. 4. Construct on public streets which have been or will be established as a pedestrian mall improvements of any kind or nature necessary or convenient to the operation of such streets as a pedestrian mall,  including but not limited to paving,  sidewalks,  curbs,  gutters,  sewers,  covered walkways or areas,  air conditioning,  drainage works,  street lighting facilities,  fire protection facilities,  flood protection facilities,  water distribution facilities,  vehicular parking areas,  retaining walls,  landscaping,  tree planting,  statuary,  fountains,  decorative structures,  benches,  rest rooms,  child care facilities,  display facilities,  information booths,  public assembly facilities,  and other structures,  works or improvements necessary or convenient to serve members of the public using such pedestrian mall including the reconstruction or relocation of existing municipally owned works,  improvements or facilities on such streets. Such improvements or structures may be attached to abutting private buildings or structures,  provided that such improvements or structures shall be located on public property.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-577 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-577 - Plans; estimate of cost; limitation on assessment

48-577.  Plans;  estimate of cost;  limitation on assessment Before passing the resolution of intention,  preliminary plans that show the location and the type and character of the proposed improvements and estimates of the cost and expenses of the proposed improvements shall be prepared and filed with the clerk. The assessment for any lot shall not exceed its proportion of the estimate.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-578 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-578 - Publication of resolution of intention; posting notice of resolution

48-578.  Publication of resolution of intention;  posting notice of resolution The resolution of intention shall be published in successive issues five times in a daily newspaper,  or two times in a weekly or semiweekly newspaper,  published and of general circulation in the municipality. The superintendent of streets shall also cause to be conspicuously posted along the line of the proposed improvement,  at not more than three hundred feet apart,  notices of the passage of the resolution. The notice shall be headed " Notice of proposed improvement"  in letters at least one inch in height,  and shall state the fact of the passage of the resolution of intention,  and briefly describe the improvement proposed.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-579 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-579 - Protest against proposed improvement; protest as bar to improvement proceedings; objection to extent of assessment district

48-579.  Protest against proposed improvement;  protest as bar to improvement proceedings;  objection to extent of assessment district A. The owners of a majority of the frontage of the property fronting on the proposed improvement,  or,  when the cost of the improvement has been made chargeable upon a district,  the owners of a majority of the frontage of property contained within the limits of the assessment district,  may make a written protest against the improvement within fifteen days after the date of the last publication of the resolution of intention,  or within fifteen days after the completion of the posting of notices by the superintendent of streets if such date is subsequent to the day of the last publication. B. The protest shall show a description of the property and the amount of the frontage owned by each signer together with his post office address,  and shall be filed with the clerk who shall endorse thereon the date of delivery to him,  and the protests so delivered and endorsed,  if sufficient,  shall be a bar to any further proceedings in making the improvement for six months from the date the protest is filed,  unless the owners of one half or more of the frontage as aforesaid shall meanwhile petition for the work to be done. No portion of the improvement included in any proceeding barred by the protest shall be included within a new proceeding within six months from filing the protest,  unless the owners of one half or more of the frontage of property fronting upon such portion petition for the work to be included in the new proceeding. C. When the cost of the improvement has been made chargeable upon a district,  objections to the extent of the district to be assessed to pay the expenses of the improvement may be made by an owner in the assessment district within the time provided for the filing of protests against the work. The objections shall show the amount of frontage owned by each signer,  and his post office address. D. When an objection to the extent of the proposed assessment district has been filed,  the governing body of the municipality shall fix a time for hearing the objection,  and the clerk shall notify the objectors by mail at the address given by each objector of the date of the hearing at least ten days prior to the hearing. E. At the hearing,  which may be adjourned,  the governing body shall hear and pass upon the objections,  and its decision shall be final and conclusive. It may modify the extent of the proposed assessment district,  in which event a new resolution of intention shall be passed containing a description of the modified district,  which shall be published,  and notices thereof posted as required of an original resolution of intention.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-580 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-580 - Procedure for making and hearing protests and objections

48-580.  Procedure for making and hearing protests and objections A. In determining protests and objections,  the governing body shall be guided by these rules: 1. Each paper containing signatures shall have attached thereto the affidavit of an owner to be assessed,  stating that each signature was affixed in his presence and is the signer's genuine signature. 2. The protest or objection shall be counted only for the property described as belonging to the signer,  and a signature without the description shall not be counted. 3. The signature of one cotenant,  or,  if community property,  the signature of either spouse,  is sufficient for a protest if no objection to the signature is made by the other cotenant or spouse. If the signature is so protested,  the protest shall be counted only to the extent of the signer's interest in the property. 4. A protest or objection signed by a guardian,  executor,  administrator or trustee is valid without an order of court therefor. 5. A protest or objection by a person in possession under contract of purchase is valid. 6. When several persons have a claim to or an interest in property,  the signature of any of them is sufficient unless questioned by another having such claim or interest,  whereupon the wishes of the person legally entitled to possession of the property at the date of the protest shall control. 7. A protest or objection signed by an agent or attorney in fact shall be disregarded unless the authority of the agent has been recorded with the county recorder,  or written or telegraphic authority is attached to the protest or objection before expiration of the time for filing the protest or objection. 8. A signature may be withdrawn from a protest or objection by filing the withdrawal with the clerk in his office at or before five o'clock p.m.,  of the last day set for filing protests. 9. An objection to the signature of a cotenant,  spouse,  claimant or person interested may be filed,  and the authority of an agent or attorney in fact questioned,  at any time before the governing body finally passes upon the sufficiency of the protest,  but an agency or authority may not be revoked as to the signature after expiration of the protest period. B. The governing body may fix a date for a hearing upon the sufficiency of a protest,  which shall be within thirty days from the expiration of the protest period,  and shall give notice of the hearing by publication twice in a daily,  or once in a weekly or semiweekly paper published in the municipality or county,  and by mailing the notice to each protestant at his address of record. C. The notice shall require all persons signing the protest,  their agents or attorneys,  to appear and show cause why the protest should not be overruled. D. Upon the hearing the governing body may disregard all signatures of which the right to sign does not appear upon the records of the county recorder,  and which is not supported by evidence at the hearing.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-581 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-581 - Resolution ordering improvement; notice; bids

48-581.  Resolution ordering improvement;  notice;  bids A. When no protests against the work or no objections as to the extent of the proposed assessment district have been filed within the time specified,  or when a protest is found by the governing body to be insufficient,  or when the objections to the extent of the proposed district have been heard and denied,  the governing body may order,  by resolution,  the proposed improvements described in the resolution of intention. B. The resolution need not fully describe the improvement nor the extent of the assessment district,  but may refer to the resolution of intention for the description. C. On completion of the plans and specifications,  the superintendent shall publish a notice of the passage of the resolution ordering the work,  and inviting sealed bids for making the improvement therein ordered,  twice in one or more daily newspapers or once in a weekly or semiweekly newspaper,  published and circulated in the city or town,  and shall post a copy of the notice for five days on or near the door of the meeting place of the governing body. The notice shall state the time within which proposals may be filed with the clerk,  which shall not be less than ten days from the date of the first publication of the notice. D. When in the resolution of intention the governing body has provided for alternative plans and specifications,  the invitation for bids for making the improvement may require separate bids according to each of the several alternative plans and specifications.  E. The governing body may combine by resolution two or more improvement projects for which resolutions of intention have been approved in order to allow the construction of those improvements under one contract and to allow one series of improvement bonds.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-582 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-582 - Assessment of public property

48-582.  Assessment of public property A. When a lot belonging to the United States,  the state,  a county,  city,  school district or any political subdivision or institution of the state or county,  fronts upon the proposed work or improvement,  or is included within the district declared by the governing body in its resolution of intention to be the district to be assessed to pay the costs and expenses thereof,  the governing body shall,  in the resolution of intention,  declare whether or not such lot shall be omitted from the assessment thereafter to be made. B. If the lot is omitted from the assessment,  then the total expense of all work done shall be assessed on the remaining lots fronting on the work or improvement,  or lying within the assessment district,  without regard to the omitted lot. C. If the governing body declares the lot included in the assessment,  or if no declaration is made respecting the lot,  then the municipality shall be liable for and shall pay such sum as thereafter may be assessed against the lot. The amount of the assessment levied against the lot may be included in any bonds issued for the improvement,  and if so included,  the assessments shall bear the same interest,  and be payable by the municipality in installments,  as assessments against property of private persons. D. The municipality may contract with the state,  or body to which the lot belongs,  for payment to the municipality of the assessment and interest as it becomes due and payable,  and the state,  or such body,  shall perform the contract.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-583 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-583 - Payment of costs by city

48-583.  Payment of costs by city A. The governing body may order in the resolution of intention that the whole or any part of the cost and expenses of any work shall be paid from the treasury of the municipality from such fund as it designates. When so ordered,  the superintendent of streets,  in making up the assessment,  shall first deduct from the whole cost and expenses such part as has been ordered paid from the treasury,  and assess the remainder of the costs and expenses proportionately upon the lots liable to be assessed for the work. B. When the whole of the cost is to be paid out of the treasury,  then no assessment shall be made and the whole amount shall be payable thirty days after the acceptance of the work by the street superintendent.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-585 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-585 - Option of municipality to reject bids; municipality as contractor; limitation of assessment

48-585.  Option of municipality to reject bids;  municipality as contractor;  limitation of assessment The governing body may at any time within ten days after the time fixed for opening bids,  by resolution adopted by a vote of two thirds of all its members,  order that the proposed contract not be made,  and that the municipality itself perform the work embraced therein,  in accordance with the plans and specifications adopted for such work. If the order is made that the municipality perform the work,  then the municipality shall become and shall be considered the contractor. The municipality shall not be permitted to assess an amount in excess of the amount proposed by the lowest responsible bidder,  or,  if no bids have been received,  in excess of the amount of the estimate therefor.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-587 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-587 - Bonds required from contractor

48-587.  Bonds required from contractor The contractor shall,  before executing the contract,  file with the superintendent such bond or bonds as required under the provisions of title 34,  chapter 2,  article 2.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-588 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-588 - Cost of publication

48-588.  Cost of publication A. Before the contract is entered into,  the bidder to whom the award was made shall advance to the superintendent of streets,  for payment by him,  the costs of publication of the notices,  resolutions,  orders and other expenses required under the proceedings provided for by this article. B. If the work is abandoned by the municipality before letting the contract,  the costs incurred previous to the abandonment shall be paid by the municipality.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-591 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-591 - Action against property owner to collect assessment

48-591.  Action against property owner to collect assessment A. At any time after thirty-five days from the date of the warrant,  or,  if any objection filed with the governing body as provided in section 48-590 is denied,  at any time after five days from its decision,  the contractor may sue the owner of the lot assessed and recover the amount of an assessment remaining unpaid with interest thereon at the rate of eight per cent per annum until paid,  and to foreclose the lien of the assessment. B. Where personal demand has been made,  and the owner has refused to pay the assessment so demanded,  the plaintiff may recover a reasonable attorney's fee. C. Only one action shall be commenced for the foreclosure of liens arising under a single proceeding against the same defendant. D. The warrant,  assessment and diagram,  with the affidavit of demand and nonpayment,  shall be prima facie evidence of the regularity and correctness of the assessment and of the prior proceedings and acts of the superintendent and governing body,  upon which the warrant,  assessment and diagram are based,  and like evidence of the right of plaintiff to recover.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-592 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-592 - Invalidity of liens or bonds; extent of validity; means to secure interest of persons damaged

48-592.  Invalidity of liens or bonds;  extent of validity;  means to secure interest of persons damaged A. If the lien of an assessment or reassessment,  or of a bond issued to represent the amount assessed on any lot is held invalid by a court because a portion of the improvement ordered was without the power of the governing body to order,  or was not properly embraced within the contract for the work,  or in the assessment made to cover the expenses,  the owner of the warrant or the holder of the bond is entitled to a judgment determining what portion of the assessment was legal. There shall thereafter be issued to him by the superintendent within sixty days,  and in accordance with the directions of the judgment,  a new assessment for an amount which the court finds was the reasonable value of the portion of the improvement legally authorized by the proceedings,  which amount shall be reassessed upon the property in the same manner and with like effect as provided for issuing the original assessment,  and may be enforced as an original assessment. The holder of bonds representing the original assessment shall be entitled to new bonds on each lot representing the amount of the reassessment. B. If the lien of an assessment,  or of a bond issued therefor,  is held invalid by a court for any cause arising subsequent to the time the authority of the governing body attaches to order the work,  or when the lien is defeated or held invalid for any cause,  and it also appears that the owner of the property,  holding it at the time the notice of the award of contract was published,  had personal knowledge of the intention to order award of the contract,  and has not filed a protest against the improvement or a notice of his objection to the award of contract,  the owner of the assessment or bond may recover from the owner of the lot covered by the assessment such sum as the court shall find the lot to have been actually benefited by the improvement,  not exceeding the amount which would have been properly assessable against the lot.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-593 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-593 - Proportionate assessment; collection or issuance of bonds

48-593.  Proportionate assessment;  collection or issuance of bonds The governing body may,  upon completion of any portion of the improvement for which the contract price equals twenty thousand dollars or more,  order the superintendent to make an assessment for the proportionate part of the contract completed,  and thereon proceedings and rights of collection of such proportionate amount shall be had as provided by this article. If the resolution of intention for the improvement provides for the issuance of improvement bonds,  they shall be issued and delivered to the contractor for the proportionate amount of the contract price so assessed.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-594 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-594 - Correction of assessment; reallocation of assessment

48-594.  Correction of assessment;  reallocation of assessment A. After an assessment has been approved by the governing body,  the contractor and all persons having an interest in any lot assessed may request the governing body,  by a duly acknowledged written instrument,  to modify or correct an assessment. The governing body may order such modification or correction to be made,  and direct the superintendent to note the modification or correction on his record of the assessment,  together with the date it is made. The modification or correction under this subsection shall not affect the rights of persons under the assessment who have not joined in the request.  B. The governing body may reallocate all or part of an assessment as follows: 1. The superintendent shall prepare a list of all the assessments to be reallocated,  including: (a) The assessment number,  legal description and amount assessed on each affected parcel before the reallocation. (b) The assessment number,  legal description and name and address of the owner as shown on the most recent tax roll.  (c) The amount to be assessed on each parcel after reallocation. 2. The superintendent shall prepare an amendment to the assessment diagram reflecting the new assessment numbers and parcel boundaries. 3. The superintendent shall cause a notice to be mailed to each owner of an affected parcel showing the proposed reallocation and stating that the owner may file a written objection to the reallocation within twenty days after the notice was mailed.  4. If no objections are received within twenty days after the notice is mailed,  the governing body may approve the proposed reallocation. If timely objections are received,  the governing body shall hold a hearing on the objections. The governing body shall mail notice of the hearing to all affected owners at least ten days before the hearing. At the hearing the objecting parties shall present evidence supporting their objections. After the hearing the governing body shall rule on all objections received and may approve the proposed reallocation or may make changes to the reallocation as the governing body considers necessary and approve the reallocation as changed. The governing body shall also approve the amendment to the assessment diagram as submitted or with changes the governing body considers to be necessary. 5. After the governing body s decision,  the superintendent shall record the reallocated assessment and amended assessment diagram in the superintendent s office. 6. The amount assessed immediately after the reallocation shall be equal to the amount assessed immediately before the reallocation. 7. As a condition to reallocation,  the governing body may require the affected property owners to pay the costs of reallocation,  including engineering and legal costs,  or may include the costs in the amount assessed against the affected parcels. The costs are due and payable as part of the next installment of the assessment.