reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
AZ Rev Stat § 48-501 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-501 - Definitions

48-501.  Definitions In this article,  unless the context otherwise requires: 1. " City council"  and " council"  includes any body or board in which is vested by law the legislative power of a municipality. 2. " Clerk"  or " city clerk"  includes any person or officer who acts as clerk of the city or town council. 3. " Improvement"  includes all the improvements mentioned in this article,  and the term or terms " street opening or widening"  and " opening or widening"  include all improvements mentioned in this article. 4. " Municipality"  and " city"  includes counties,  incorporated cities and towns and other corporations organized for municipal purposes. 5. " Owner"  and " any person interested"  includes: (a) The person owning the fee to real property. (b) The person in whom,  on the day any protest or petition is filed,  the legal title to real property appears by deeds recorded in the county recorder's office of the county in which the city or town is situated. (c) Any person in possession of real property,  as the executor,  administrator,  trustee under an express trust,  guardian or other legal representative of the owner. (d) Any person in possession of real property under a recorded written contract of purchase thereof. (e) Any person in possession of real property,  as lessee thereof under a recorded lease which requires such lessee to pay or discharge all assessments for street or other public improvement that may be levied or assessed against such real property,  and the holder of a mortgage or lien against the real property. 6. " Property of a railroad or street railroad"  includes property owned or controlled by any person,  as a railroad,  street railroad or interurban railroad right of way whether owned or controlled in fee or as an easement or by virtue of a franchise or otherwise,  and the roadbed,  ties and rails located on such right of way. Such property shall be assessed and the assessment thereof enforced in the same manner and to the same effect as other lands and property in the assessment district. 7. " Street superintendent"  includes any officer or board who,  by law,  has charge of streets or the improvement thereof in a city or town. In a city or town having no street superintendent,  the council may appoint a person to perform the duties imposed on the street superintendent,  and such person shall be deemed " street superintendent."  8. " Treasurer"  or " city treasurer"  includes any person or officer who has charge and makes payment of city or town funds.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-502 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-502 - Scope of article; acquisition of property by condemnation

48-502.  Scope of article;  acquisition of property by condemnation When the public interest or convenience requires,  the city or town council of a municipality may order the laying out,  opening,  extending,  widening,  straightening or closing up,  in whole or in part,  of any public street,  subway,  square,  lane,  alley,  court,  place or right of way for any water course,  irrigation ditch,  pipe line,  water main or sewer for sanitary or drainage purposes,  within the municipality,  and acquire,  by condemnation,  any property necessary or convenient for that purpose.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-503 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-503 - Off-street parking sites in cities; acquisition of property; exceptions to acquisition of property

48-503.  Off-street parking sites in cities;  acquisition of property;  exceptions to acquisition of property A. When the public interest or convenience requires,  the city or town council of such municipality may order the laying out,  opening,  extending,  widening,  straightening or closing up,  in whole or in part,  of any off-street parking site within the municipality,  and acquire any property necessary or convenient for that purpose,  by the exercise of the right of eminent domain. B. If in connection with any lot or parcel within a proposed assessment district,  adequate off-street parking facilities have been provided,  such lot or parcel shall be excluded from the assessment district and shall not be assessed for such improvements if within the time and in the manner provided in section 48-507 the owner or owners file a written protest. For the purposes of this subsection in cities having a zoning code or ordinance,  such off-street parking facilities shall not be deemed adequate unless the off-street parking facilities provided meet or exceed the requirements of the zoning code or ordinance for a lot or parcel of that size in that zone,  and in cities not having a zoning code or ordinance,  the facilities provided shall not be deemed adequate unless parking space for one motor vehicle is provided for each three hundred square feet of floor space in the building served by such off-street parking site. If any lot or parcel within a proposed assessment district organized for the acquisition of off-street parking sites is zoned and used exclusively for single family residential purposes,  such lot or parcel shall be excluded from the assessment district,  and shall not be assessed for such improvements,  if within the time and in the manner provided in section 48-507 the owner or owners file a written protest.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-504 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-504 - Exceptions to taking of property

48-504.  Exceptions to taking of property Notwithstanding the provisions of section 48-503,  if a natural person or persons own a business building and the land on which same is located which is not sought to be taken and operates a business therein within the proposed district,  additional land owned by such person contiguous to the business building containing an area equal to or less than the area occupied by such building shall not be subject to taking by eminent domain without the consent of the owner for the purposes of section 48-503,  provided the owner has operated such business on such land for at least one year prior to the adoption of the resolution of intention. The owner shall designate in writing to the council the description of the area which shall not be subject to taking within fifteen days after receiving a written request from the council. In the event the owner fails to designate such area within such fifteen days,  then the council by resolution may designate the area to be taken.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-505 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-505 - Resolution or ordinance of intention to order improvement; petition

48-505.  Resolution or ordinance of intention to order improvement;  petition Before ordering an improvement to be made,  the city or town council shall comply with both of the following: 1. Pass a resolution or ordinance declaring its intention to do so,  describing the improvement and the land necessary or convenient to be taken therefor,  and specifying the boundaries of the assessment district to be benefited by the improvement and to be assessed to pay the expense of the improvement. The resolution or ordinance of intention may be combined in a single resolution or ordinance of intention to make public improvements pursuant to section 48-576. 2. If the city or town council determines that the district should be formed and after the final resolution of any protests made pursuant to section 48-507,  the city or town council shall submit within one hundred twenty days to the city or town clerk a petition to form the district that is signed by owners of more than one-half of the taxable property units within the area of the proposed district and that is signed by persons owning collectively more than one-half of the assessed valuation of the property within the area of the proposed district. Property that is exempt pursuant to title 42,  chapter 11,  article 3 is not considered in determining the total assessed valuation of the proposed district and owners of property that is not subject to taxation are not eligible to sign the petition. On verification of the petition signatures,  the city or town council may form the improvement district and order the improvement as otherwise provided by law.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-506 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-506 - Notice of resolution

48-506.  Notice of resolution A. The street superintendent shall cause to be conspicuously posted along all streets and parts of streets within the assessment district described in the resolution,  at not more than three hundred feet in distance apart,  not less than three notices of the passage of the resolution. B. The notices shall be headed " Notices of public work"  in letters not less than one inch in height,  shall state the fact and date of passage of the resolution,  shall briefly describe the improvement proposed,  shall refer to the resolution for further particulars,  and shall publish the notice in a newspaper as required by section 39-204.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-508 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-508 - Order for improvement; initiation of condemnation proceedings

48-508.  Order for improvement;  initiation of condemnation proceedings Having acquired jurisdiction,  the council may,  by resolution,  order the improvement to be made and direct an action to be brought by the city or town attorney,  in the name of the municipality,  for condemnation of the property to be taken. The action shall be brought within thirty days after passage of the resolution ordering the improvement,  but the council may,  by resolution,  extend the time for bringing the action for an additional period not exceeding thirty days. The action shall be governed by the law of eminent domain,  except as otherwise provided.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-509 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-509 - Complaint in condemnation action

48-509.  Complaint in condemnation action The complaint filed in the action provided for by section 48-508 shall set forth,  or state the substance of,  the resolution ordering the improvement,  but need not set up the proceedings had before bringing the action. The resolution shall be conclusive evidence in the action of the public necessity of the proposed improvement,  and that the improvement is located in the manner which will be for the greatest public good and the least private injury.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-510 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-510 - Choice between trial or appointment of referees to determine compensation

48-510.  Choice between trial or appointment of referees to determine compensation When all defendants to the condemnation action have answered,  or have been served with summons and their default entered,  the plaintiff or any defendant whose default has not been entered,  may,  upon five days notice to the parties,  except defendants in default,  move the court to set the action for trial. If,  upon hearing the motion,  a trial by jury or by the court without a jury is not demanded,  the trial shall be deemed waived by all parties not so demanding,  and the court shall appoint three disinterested persons as referees to ascertain the compensation to be paid to the defendants waiving trial. The referees shall be residents of the municipality where the improvement is to be made,  and over the age of eighteen years,  and shall take and file with the court an oath to discharge their duties faithfully and impartially. If a referee fails to qualify,  resigns,  is removed by order of court or is unable to act,  the vacancy created shall be filled by the court.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-511 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-511 - Referees; duties; report

48-511.  Referees;  duties;  report A. The referees shall at once proceed to view the lands sought to be condemned and ascertain the proper compensation to be paid to such of the parties interested in each parcel as have waived a trial by jury or by the court. B. The referees may examine witnesses under oath to be administered by any of them,  and may have subpoenas issued by the clerk of the court requiring the attendance of witnesses,  or production of evidence before them. C. The referees shall make and file with the court a written report of their findings,  and their necessary expenses within thirty days after the date of their appointment,  or within such extended time,  not exceeding ninety days,  as the court,  upon good cause shown,  may allow. D. If a vacancy in the referees occurs and is filled,  or if new referees are appointed,  or if a new report from the same referees is ordered,  as provided in this article,  the time for filing the report shall be thirty days from the date of the order filling the vacancy,  or appointing new referees,  or ordering a new report from the same referees,  and the time may be extended as above provided. Any two of the referees who agree thereto may make the report.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-512 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-512 - Compensation and damages; date of accrual; apportionment

48-512.  Compensation and damages;  date of accrual;  apportionment A. The compensation and damages shall be deemed accrued at the date of the order appointing referees or of the order setting the cause for trial,  and its actual value at that date shall be the measure of compensation for all property to be actually taken,  and of damages to property not taken but injuriously affected. Improvements placed upon the property subsequent to the date of publishing the notice of the passage of the resolution of intention shall not be included in the assessment of compensation or damages. B. The referees,  the court or the jury,  shall find separately the value of each parcel of property sought to be condemned,  and all improvements thereon pertaining to the realty and of each separate estate or interest therein. If a parcel sought to be condemned is only a part of a larger parcel,  they shall find the damages which will accrue to the portion not sought to be condemned,  and to each separate estate or interest therein by reason of its severance from the portion sought to be condemned,  and the construction of the improvement in the manner proposed by the plaintiff. Such damages shall be fixed irrespective of any benefit from the improvement.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-513 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-513 - Referee's report; objections; notice of hearing; court action on report

48-513.  Referee's report;  objections;  notice of hearing;  court action on report A. Upon filing the referee's report the court shall,  upon motion of any party,  appoint a day for hearing the report,  not less than fifteen days thereafter. Notice of the time and place of the hearing shall,  at least ten days before the time so appointed,  be served on all other parties,  except those in default. B. The plaintiff,  or any defendant who has answered,  may file objections in writing to the report,  specifying the grounds,  at any time not less than one day prior to the hearing. C. The clerk of the court shall give notice of filing the report and of the time and place appointed for the hearing to all persons owning or having an interest in any property included within the assessment district described in the resolution of intention,  by causing the notice to be published for two days in a daily newspaper published and circulated in the city. If there is no daily newspaper,  then publication shall be by at least one insertion in a weekly newspaper so published and circulated. The publication shall commence at least five days before the time appointed for hearing the report,  and shall require all persons owning or having an interest in any property included within the assessment district to intervene in the action,  and file,  in the office of the clerk of the court,  their objections in writing to the report specifying the grounds upon which the objections are based. The notice shall also contain a description of the assessment district as set forth in the resolution of intention. D. At any time within not less than one day prior to the hearing,  a person not a party to the action owning,  or having an interest in,  any property included within the assessment district,  may intervene in the action and file objections in writing to the report,  specifying the grounds upon which the objections are based and such person so intervening may appear and contest the report and introduce evidence in support of the objections. E. After hearing the report and objections,  the court may confirm the report,  may modify it and confirm it as modified or may set it aside and order a new report from the same referees,  or from new referees to be appointed. If new referees are appointed,  the same proceedings shall be had as upon the first reference.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-514 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-514 - Notice of trial; intervention; continuance

48-514.  Notice of trial;  intervention;  continuance A. If there is a trial of the action by a jury,  or by the court without a jury,  the clerk of the court shall give notice of the time and place of the trial to all persons owning or having an interest in any property within the assessment district for the improvement. The notice shall be published in the same manner and for the same time as required by section 48-513,  subsection C and shall require all persons owning or having an interest in any property included within the assessment district for the improvement to intervene in the action,  and to appear at the trial thereof and introduce evidence relative to the compensation and damages to be awarded to the defendants therein. B. At any time within not less than one day prior to the trial,  any person not a party to the action having an interest in any property included within the assessment district may intervene in the action,  and,  upon the trial thereof,  may appear and introduce evidence relative to the compensation and damages to be awarded to the defendants therein. C. The cost of publication of the notices required by this section and section 48-513 shall be paid by the plaintiff,  and allowed as costs in the action. D. If a hearing or trial is continued by the court to a subsequent date,  no notice need be given by the clerk of the continuance.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-515 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-515 - Judgment; fees

48-515.  Judgment;  fees A. Upon confirmation of the report of the referees,  or receipt of the verdict of the jury,  or the filing of findings of the court,  the court shall enter judgment in accordance with the report,  verdict or findings,  that upon payment to the respective parties,  or into court for their benefit,  of the several amounts found due them as compensation,  and of the costs allowed to them,  the property shall be condemned to the use of the plaintiff,  and dedicated to the use specified in the complaint. B. The court shall allow the referees,  as costs to be paid by plaintiff,  a reasonable compensation to be fixed by the court upon the hearing of the report,  and their necessary expenses.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-516 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-516 - Appeals

48-516.  Appeals An appeal may be taken from the judgment within thirty days from the entry thereof,  and from any order granting or denying a new trial within ten days after the entry of the order.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-517 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-517 - Abandonment of proceedings; return of assessments paid

48-517.  Abandonment of proceedings;  return of assessments paid The council may,  at any time prior to payment of the compensation awarded the defendants,  abandon the proceedings and cause the action to be dismissed without prejudice. If any of the assessments levied to pay the expense of the improvements,  as provided in this article,  have been actually paid in money at the time of abandonment,  the money shall be refunded to the persons by whom it was paid.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-518 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-518 - Diagram of improvement district

48-518.  Diagram of improvement district Upon entry of judgment,  the council shall order the city or town engineer to make and deliver to the street superintendent a diagram of the improvement and the property within the assessment district described in the resolution of intention. The diagram shall show the land to be taken for the proposed improvement,  and also each separate lot,  piece or parcel of land within the assessment district,  and the dimensions of each lot,  piece or parcel of land,  and its relative location to the proposed improvement.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-519 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-519 - Delivery of diagram; assessment of expenses

48-519.  Delivery of diagram;  assessment of expenses A. The city or town engineer shall deliver the diagram to the street superintendent,  and shall endorse thereon the date of delivery. B. The street superintendent shall,  within thirty days after receiving the diagram,  assess the total expenses of the proposed improvement upon and against the lands,  including the property of a railroad or street railroad,  within the assessment district,  except the land to be taken for the improvement,  in proportion to the benefits to be derived from the improvement. The council may extend the time for completing the assessment for a period not exceeding thirty days. C. The total expense of the improvement to be assessed shall include the amounts awarded to defendants by the judgment for condemnation,  their costs,  the compensation and expenses of the referees allowed by the court,  costs of the plaintiff,  the expenses of making the assessment,  and all expenses necessarily incurred by the city or town in connection with the proposed improvement.
AZ Rev Stat § 48-520 (2021)
2021 Arizona Revised Statutes|Title 48 - Special Taxing Districts|§ 48-520 - Written assessment

48-520.  Written assessment A. The street superintendent shall make the assessment in writing,  describing each lot,  piece or parcel of land assessed for the improvement,  designating each with a number,  and shall also designate each lot,  piece or parcel of land on the diagram with the same number. The diagram shall thereupon be attached to and become a part of the assessment. B. The assessment shall show the total sum to be raised thereby,  as provided in this article,  and the items of the total sum,  and opposite each lot,  piece or parcel of land assessed the amount assessed thereon and the name of the owner thereof,  if known to the street superintendent,  or if unknown,  the word " unknown"  shall be written instead of the name. C. An error or mistake in the designation of the owner of a lot,  piece or parcel of land,  or of his interest therein,  shall not affect the validity of the assessment.