reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-310 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-310 - When Filing Required to Perfect Security Interest or Agricultural Lien; Security Interests and Agricultural Liens to Which Filing Provisions Do Not Apply

Section 9–310. (a) General rule: perfection by filing. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) and Section 9–312(b), a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens.  (b) Exceptions: filing not necessary. The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest:  (1) that is perfected under Section 9–308(d), (e), (f), or (g);  (2) that is perfected under Section 9–309 when it attaches;  (3) in property subject to a statute, regulation, or treaty described in Section 9–311(a);  (4) in goods in possession of a bailee which is perfected under Section 9–312(d)(1) or (2);  (5) in certificated securities, documents, goods, or instruments which is perfected without filing, control or possession under Section 9–312(e), (f), or (g);  (6) in collateral in the secured party's possession under Section 9–313;  (7) in a certificated security which is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured party under Section 9–313;  (8) in deposit accounts, electronic chattel paper, electronic documents, investment property, or letter-of-credit rights which is perfected by control under Section 9–314;  (9) in proceeds which is perfected under Section 9–315; or  (10) that is perfected under Section 9–316.  (c) Assignment of perfected security interest. If a secured party assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural lien, a filing under this article is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against creditors of and transferees from the original debtor.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-309 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-309 - Security Interest Perfected Upon Attachment

Section 9–309. The following security interests are perfected when they attach:  (1) a purchase-money security interest in consumer goods, except as otherwise provided in Section 9–311(b) with respect to consumer goods that are subject to a statute or treaty described in Section 9–311(a);  (2) an assignment of accounts or payment intangibles which does not by itself or in conjunction with other assignments to the same assignee transfer a significant part of the assignor's outstanding accounts or payment intangibles;  (3) a sale of a payment intangible;  (4) a sale of a promissory note;  (5) a security interest created by the assignment of a health-care-insurance receivable to the provider of the health-care goods or services;  (6) a security interest arising under Section 2–401, 2–505, 2–711(3), or 2A–508(5), until the debtor obtains possession of the collateral;  (7) a security interest of a collecting bank arising under Section 4–210;  (8) a security interest of an issuer or nominated person arising under Section 5–118;  (9) a security interest arising in the delivery of a financial asset under Section 9–206(c);  (10) a security interest in investment property created by a broker or securities intermediary;  (11) a security interest in a commodity contract or a commodity account created by a commodity intermediary;  (12) an assignment for the benefit of all creditors of the transferor and subsequent transfers by the assignee thereunder;  (13) a security interest created by an assignment of a beneficial interest in a decedent's estate; and  (14) a sale by an individual of an account that is a right to payment of winnings in a lottery or other game of chance.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-308 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-308 - When Security Interest or Agricultural Lien Is Perfected; Continuity of Perfection

Section 9–308. (a) Perfection of security interest. Except as otherwise provided in this section and Section 9–309, a security interest is perfected if it has attached and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in Sections 9–310 to 9–316, inclusive, have been satisfied. A security interest is perfected when it attaches if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the security interest attaches.  (b) Perfection of agricultural lien. An agricultural lien is perfected if it has become effective and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in Section 9–310 have been satisfied. An agricultural lien is perfected when it becomes effective if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the agricultural lien becomes effective.  (c) Continuous perfection; perfection by different methods. A security interest or agricultural lien is perfected continuously if it is originally perfected by 1 method under this article and is later perfected by another method under this article, without an intermediate period when it was unperfected.  (d) Supporting obligation. Perfection of a security interest in collateral also perfects a security interest in a supporting obligation for the collateral.  (e) Lien securing right to payment. Perfection of a security interest in a right to payment or performance also perfects a security interest in a security interest, mortgage, or other lien on personal or real property securing the right.  (f) Security entitlement carried in securities account. Perfection of a security interest in a securities account also perfects a security interest in the security entitlements carried in the securities account.  (g) Commodity contract carried in commodity account. Perfection of a security interest in a commodity account also perfects a security interest in the commodity contracts carried in the commodity account.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-306 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-306 - Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests in Letter-of-Credit Rights

Section 9–306. (a) Governing law: issuer's or nominated person's jurisdiction. Subject to subsection (c), the local law of the issuer's jurisdiction or a nominated person's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a letter-of-credit right if the issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is a state.  (b) Issuer's or nominated person's jurisdiction. For purposes of this part, an issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction whose law governs the liability of the issuer or nominated person with respect to the letter-of-credit right as provided in Section 5–116.  (c) When section not applicable. This section shall not apply to a security interest that is perfected only under Section 9–308(d).
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-304 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-304 - Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests in Deposit Accounts

Section 9–304. (a) Law of bank's jurisdiction governs. The local law of a bank's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a deposit account maintained with that bank.  (b) Bank's jurisdiction. The following rules determine a bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part:  (1) If an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this article, or this chapter, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.  (2) If paragraph (1) does not apply and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the agreement is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.  (3) If neither paragraph (1) nor paragraph (2) applies and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the deposit account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.  (4) If none of the preceding paragraphs applies, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the office identified in an account statement as the office serving the customer's account is located.  (5) If none of the preceding paragraphs applies, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the chief executive office of the bank is located.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-302 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-302 - Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Agricultural Liens

Section 9–302. While farm products are located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of an agricultural lien on the farm products.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-520 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-520 - Acceptance and Refusal to Accept Record

Section 9–520. (a) Mandatory refusal to accept record. A filing office shall refuse to accept a record for filing for a reason set forth in Section 9–516(b) and may refuse to accept a record for filing only for a reason set forth in Section 9–516(b).  (b) Communication concerning refusal. If a filing office refuses to accept a record for filing, it shall communicate to the person that presented the record the fact of and reason for the refusal and the date and time the record would have been filed had the filing office accepted it. The communication must be made at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office rule but, in the case of a filing office described in Section 9–501(a)(2), in no event more than 2 business days after the filing office receives the record.  (c) When filed financing statement effective. A filed financing statement satisfying Section 9–502(a) and (b) is effective, even if the filing office is required to refuse to accept it for filing under subsection (a). However, Section 9–338 applies to a filed financing statement providing information described in Section 9–516(b)(5) which is incorrect at the time the financing statement is filed.  (d) Separate application to multiple debtors. If a record communicated to a filing office provides information that relates to more than 1 debtor, this part applies as to each debtor separately.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-623 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-623 - Right to Redeem Collateral

Section 9–623. (a) Persons that may redeem. A debtor, any secondary obligor, or any other secured party or lienholder may redeem collateral.  (b) Requirements for redemption. To redeem collateral, a person shall tender:  (1) fulfillment of all obligations secured by the collateral; and  (2) the reasonable expenses and attorney's fees described in Section 9–615(a)(1).  (c) When redemption may occur. A redemption may occur at any time before a secured party:  (1) has collected collateral under Section 9–607;  (2) has disposed of collateral or entered into a contract for its disposition under Section 9–610; or  (3) has accepted collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures under Section 9–622.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-624 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-624 - Waiver

Section 9–624. (a) Waiver of disposition notification. A debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to notification of disposition of collateral under Section 9–611 only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.  (b) Waiver of mandatory disposition. A debtor may waive the right to require disposition of collateral under Section 9–620(e) only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.  (c) Waiver of redemption right. Except in a consumer-goods transaction, a debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to redeem collateral under Section 9–623 only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-626 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-626 - Action in Which Deficiency or Surplus Is in Issue

Section 9–626. (a) Applicable rules if amount of deficiency or surplus in issue. In an action arising from a transaction, other than a consumer transaction, in which the amount of a deficiency or surplus is in issue, the following rules apply:  (1) A secured party need not prove compliance with the provisions of this part relating to collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance unless the debtor or a secondary obligor places the secured party's compliance in issue.  (2) If the secured party's compliance is placed in issue, the secured party has the burden of establishing that the collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance was conducted in accordance with this part.  (3) Except as otherwise provided in Section 9–628, if a secured party fails to prove that the collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance was conducted in accordance with the provisions of this part relating to collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance, the liability of a debtor or a secondary obligor for a deficiency is limited to an amount by which the sum of the secured obligation, expenses, and attorney's fees exceeds the greater of:  (A) the proceeds of the collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance; or  (B) the amount of proceeds that would have been realized had the noncomplying secured party proceeded in accordance with the provisions of this part relating to collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance.  (4) For purposes of paragraph (3)(B), the amount of proceeds that would have been realized is equal to the sum of the secured obligation, expenses, and attorney's fees unless the secured party proves that the amount is less than that sum.  (5) If a deficiency or surplus is calculated under Section 9–615(f), the debtor or obligor has the burden of establishing that the amount of proceeds of the disposition is significantly below the range of prices that a complying disposition to a person other than the secured party, a person related to the secured party, or a secondary obligor would have brought.  (b) Non-consumer transactions; no inference. The limitation of the rules in subsection (a) to transactions other than consumer transactions is intended to leave to the court the determination of the proper rules in consumer transactions. The court may not infer from that limitation the nature of the proper rule in consumer transactions and may continue to apply established approaches.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-627 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-627 - Determination of Whether Conduct Was Commercially Reasonable

Section 9–627. (a) Greater amount obtainable under other circumstances; no preclusion of commercial reasonableness. The fact that a greater amount could have been obtained by a collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance at a different time or in a different method from that selected by the secured party is not of itself sufficient to preclude the secured party from establishing that the collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance was made in a commercially reasonable manner.  (b) Dispositions that are commercially reasonable. A disposition of collateral is made in a commercially reasonable manner if the disposition is made:  (1) in the usual manner on any recognized market;  (2) at the price current in any recognized market at the time of the disposition; or  (3) otherwise in conformity with reasonable commercial practices among dealers in the type of property that was the subject of the disposition.  (c) Approval by court or on behalf of creditors. A collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance is commercially reasonable if it has been approved:  (1) in a judicial proceeding;  (2) by a bona fide creditors' committee;  (3) by a representative of creditors; or  (4) by an assignee for the benefit of creditors.  (d) Approval under subsection (c) not necessary; absence of approval has no effect. Approval under subsection (c) need not be obtained, and lack of approval does not mean that the collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance is not commercially reasonable.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-628 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-628 - Nonliability and Limitation on Liability of Secured Party; Liability of Secondary Obligor

Section 9–628. (a) Limitation of liability to debtor or obligor. Unless a secured party knows that a person is a debtor or obligor, knows the identity of the person, and knows how to communicate with the person:  (1) the secured party is not liable to the person, or to a secured party or lienholder that has filed a financing statement against the person, for failure to comply with this article; and  (2) the secured party's failure to comply with this article does not affect the liability of the person for a deficiency.  (b) Limitation of liability to debtor, obligor, another secured party, or lienholder. A secured party is not liable because of its status as secured party:  (1) to a person that is a debtor or obligor, unless the secured party knows:  (A) that the person is a debtor or obligor;  (B) the identity of the person; and  (C) how to communicate with the person; or  (2) to a secured party or lienholder that has filed a financing statement against a person, unless the secured party knows:  (A) that the person is a debtor; and  (B) the identity of the person.  (c) Limitation of liability if reasonable belief that transaction not a consumer-goods transaction or consumer transaction. A secured party is not liable to any person, and a person's liability for a deficiency is not affected, because of any act or omission arising out of the secured party's reasonable belief that a transaction is not a consumer-goods transaction or a consumer transaction or that goods are not consumer goods, if the secured party's belief is based on its reasonable reliance on:  (1) a debtor's representation concerning the purpose for which collateral was to be used, acquired, or held; or  (2) an obligor's representation concerning the purpose for which a secured obligation was incurred.  (d) Limitation of liability for statutory damages. A secured party is not liable to any person under Section 9–625(c)(2) for its failure to comply with Section 9–616.  (e) Limitation of multiple liability for statutory damages. A secured party is not liable under Section 9–625(c)(2) more than once with respect to any 1 secured obligation.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-701 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-701 - Effective Date

Section 9–701. This act takes effect on July 1, 2001. References in this part to ''this act'' refer to the legislative enactment by which this part is added to Article 9 of chapter 106 of the General Laws. References in this part to ''former Article 9'' refer to Article 9 of chapter 106 of the General Laws as in effect immediately before this act takes effect.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-702 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-702 - Savings Clause

Section 9–702. (a) Pre-effective-date transactions or liens. Except as otherwise provided in this part, this act applies to a transaction or lien within its scope, even if the transaction or lien was entered into or created before this act takes effect.  (b) Continuing validity. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) and Sections 9–703 to 9–709, inclusive:  (1) transactions and liens that were not governed by former Article 9, were validly entered into or created before this act takes effect, and would be subject to this act if they had been entered into or created after this act takes effect, and the rights, duties, and interests flowing from those transactions and liens remain valid after this act takes effect; and  (2) the transactions and liens may be terminated, completed, consummated, and enforced as required or permitted by this act or by the law that otherwise would apply if this act had not taken effect.  (c) Pre-effective-date proceedings. This act does not affect an action, case, or proceeding commenced before this act takes effect.
MA Gen L ch 9 § 9-703 (2021)
2021 Massachusetts General Laws|Part I - Administration of the Government|Title XV - Regulation of Trade|Chapter 106 - Uniform Commercial Code|Article 9 - Secured Transactions|Section 9-703 - Security Interest Perfected Before Effective Date

Section 9–703. (a) Continuing priority over lien creditor: perfection requirements satisfied. A security interest that is enforceable immediately before this act takes effect and would have priority over the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor at that time is a perfected security interest under this act if, when this act takes effect, the applicable requirements for enforceability and perfection under this act are satisfied without further action.  (b) Continuing priority over lien creditor: perfection requirements not satisfied. Except as otherwise provided in Section 9–705, if, immediately before this act takes effect, a security interest is enforceable and would have priority over the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor at that time, but the applicable requirements for enforceability or perfection under this act are not satisfied when this act takes effect, the security interest:  (1) is a perfected security interest for 1 year after this act takes effect;  (2) remains enforceable thereafter only if the security interest becomes enforceable under Section 9–203 before the year expires; and  (3) remains perfected thereafter only if the applicable requirements for perfection under this act are satisfied before the year expires.