reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
CA Ins Code § 1853.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 2 - Making and Use of Rates|Section 1853.5.

1853.5.  With respect to any matters pertaining to the making of rates or rating systems, the preparation or making of insurance policy or bond forms, underwriting rules, surveys, inspections and investigations, the furnishing of loss or expense statistics or other information and data, or carrying on of research, two or more admitted insurers having a common ownership or operating in this State under common management or control, are hereby authorized to act in concert between or among themselves the same as if they constituted a single insurer, and to the extent that such matters relate to co-surety bonds, two or more admitted insurers executing such bonds are hereby authorized to act in concert between or among themselves the same as if they constituted a single insurer.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1853.8 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 2 - Making and Use of Rates|Section 1853.8.

1853.8.  Agreements may be made among admitted insurers with respect to the equitable apportionment among them of casualty insurance which may be afforded applicants who are in good faith entitled to but who are unable to procure such insurance through ordinary methods, and with respect to the use of reasonable rate modifications for such insurance, such agreements to be subject to the approval of the commissioner.All such agreements shall be submitted in writing to the commissioner for his consideration and approval, together with such information as he may reasonably require. The commissioner shall approve only such agreements as are found by him to contemplate (a) the use of rates which meet the standards prescribed by this chapter and (b) activities and practices that are not unfair, unreasonable or otherwise inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter.At any time after such agreements are in effect the commissioner may review the practices and activities of the adherents to such agreements and if after a hearing upon not less than 10 days notice to such adherents he finds that any such practice or activity is unfair or unreasonable, or is otherwise inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter, he may issue a written order to the parties to any such agreement specifying in what respects such act or practice is unfair or unreasonable or otherwise inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter and requiring the discontinuance of such activity or practice. For good cause, and after hearing upon not less than 10 days notice to the adherents thereto, the commissioner may revoke approval of any such agreement.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1853.9 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 2 - Making and Use of Rates|Section 1853.9.

1853.9.  Upon compliance with the provisions of this chapter applicable thereto any rating organization, advisory organization, and any group, association or other organization of admitted insurers which engages in joint underwriting or joint reinsurance through such organization or by standing agreement among the members thereof, may conduct operations in this State. As respects insurance risks or operations in this State, no insurer shall be a member or subscriber of any such organization, group or association that has not complied with the provisions of this chapter applicable to it.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1853.95 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 2.5 - Making and Use of Rates Insurance of Properties Being Purchased From Department of Veterans Affairs|Section 1853.95.

1853.95.  Admitted insurers are hereby expressly authorized to enter into agreements with the Department of Veterans Affairs with respect to the furnishing of insurance covering property being purchased from such department pursuant to Chapter 3, Division 4 of the Military and Veterans Code or the Veterans’ Farm and Home Purchase Act of 1943, at special rates and forms for such insurance as are determined by the Director of Veterans Affairs to be reasonable.(Added by Stats. 1950, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 19.)
CA Ins Code § 1853.96 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 2.5 - Making and Use of Rates Insurance of Properties Being Purchased From Department of Veterans Affairs|Section 1853.96.

1853.96.  The use of such rates and forms by insurers pursuant to such agreements is hereby expressly permitted, and the provisions of Section 1852 are not applicable thereto.(Added by Stats. 1950, 1st Ex. Sess., Ch. 19.)
CA Ins Code § 1853.97 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 2.5 - Making and Use of Rates Insurance of Properties Being Purchased From Department of Veterans Affairs|Section 1853.97.

1853.97.  Automobile liability insurance and automobile physical damage insurance may, at the option of the insurer, be considered a single line for rate filing purposes.(Added by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1113, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Ins Code § 1855 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 4 - Advisory Organizations|Section 1855.

1855.  No advisory organization shall conduct its operations in this State unless and until it has filed with the commissioner (a) a copy of its constitution, articles of incorporation, agreement or association, and of its by-laws, or rules and regulations governing its activities, all duly certified by the custodian of the originals thereof, (b) a list of its members and subscribers, and (c) the name and address of a resident of this State upon whom notices or orders of the commissioner or process may be served.Every such advisory organization shall notify the commissioner promptly of every change in its constitution, its articles of incorporation, agreement or association, and of its by-laws, rules and regulations governing the conduct of its business; its list of members and subscribers; and the name and address of the resident of this State designated by it upon whom notices or orders of the commissioner or process affecting such organization may be served.No such advisory organization shall engage in any unfair or unreasonable practice with respect to such activities.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1855.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 4 - Advisory Organizations|Section 1855.1.

1855.1.  It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this article to promote competition in the insurance business and provide a means whereby insurance consumers can more easily comparison shop for insurance coverage by allowing insurance advisory organizations to develop and draft for use by all insurers in California common forms, coverages, endorsements, and manuals for insurance policies and bonds.(Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 880, Sec. 4.)
CA Ins Code § 1855.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 4 - Advisory Organizations|Section 1855.2.

1855.2.  As used in this article, “advisory organization” means every group, association, or other organization of insurers, whether located within or outside of this state, that develops and prepares policy or bond forms, or manuals, for use by admitted insurers, carries on research relative to the development and preparation of policy and bond forms, and acts in an advisory, as distinguished from a ratemaking, capacity.Every advisory organization shall, prior to operation, file with the commissioner (a) a copy or its constitution, its articles of agreement or association, or its certificate of incorporation, and its bylaws, rules, and regulations governing its activities, (b) a list of its members, and (c) the name and address of a resident of this state upon whom notices or orders of the commissioner or process issued at his or her direction may be served. Every advisory organization shall thereafter promptly notify the commissioner of every material change in the documents required to be filed with the commissioner.(Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 880, Sec. 5.)
CA Ins Code § 1855.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 4 - Advisory Organizations|Section 1855.3.

1855.3.  Two or more insurers may cooperate with and act in concert with others as members of an advisory organization with respect to any matters pertaining to the preparation or making of insurance policy or bond forms, or manuals, or carrying on of research relative to the preparation and development of policy or bond forms, or manuals.(Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 880, Sec. 6.)
CA Ins Code § 1855.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 4 - Advisory Organizations|Section 1855.4.

1855.4.  Members and subscribers of advisory organizations may use the policy or bond forms, or manuals, of advisory organizations, either consistently or intermittently, but, except for insurers having common ownership or management, shall not agree with each other or others to adhere thereto or violate the antitrust or unfair business practice laws. The fact that two or more admitted insurers are members or subscribers of an advisory organization, or the fact that they use, either consistently or intermittently, the policy or bond forms, or manuals, prepared by an advisory organization, shall not be sufficient evidence, alone or in conjunction with each other, to support a finding either that an agreement to adhere to those forms or manuals exists or that an insurer or advisory organization is violating the antitrust or unfair business practice laws. These facts may be used only for the purpose of supplementing or explaining other evidence of the existence of an agreement to adhere to those forms or manuals or the existence of the violation of the antitrust or unfair business practice laws. No act, agreement, or practice involving the activities of an advisory organization, an insurer’s participation in those activities, or the use of an advisory organization’s products or services shall be found to be unfair or unreasonable under this code because it is uncompetitive unless proven by a preponderance of the evidence that the act, agreement, or practice violates the antitrust or unfair business practice laws. Findings of this nature that are made in support of an order or regulation of the commissioner shall be determined and enforced under Article 7 (commencing with Section 1858) of this chapter. As used in this section, “antitrust laws” means Part 2 (commencing with Section 16600) of the Business and Professions Code, and “unfair business practice laws” means Part 3 (commencing with Section 17500) of the Business and Professions Code.(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 1002, Sec. 1. Effective September 29, 1996. [)
CA Ins Code § 1855.5 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 4 - Advisory Organizations|Section 1855.5.

1855.5.  (a) An advisory organization may prepare and distribute insurance policy or bond forms, and manuals, including policy writing rules, rating plans, classification codes and descriptions, territory codes and descriptions, prospective loss costs, and rules that include factors and relativities such as increased limits factors, classification relativities, or similar factors, if, prior to being used by insurers, they are submitted in writing to the commissioner for his or her consideration and approval, together with any information the commissioner may reasonably require. All of these documents shall be available for public inspection at the office of the commissioner. The commissioner shall approve advisory organization policy forms or bond forms, or manuals, that are not found by him or her to be unfair, unreasonable, or violate the provisions of this code, including Sections 1861.02 and 1861.05.(b) Upon submission of any advisory organization policy forms or bond forms, or manuals, the commissioner may review them, and if after a hearing, at which representatives of consumers and other interested parties may participate, upon not less than 10 days’ notice to an advisory organization he or she finds that the contents of policy forms or bond forms, or manuals, are unfair or unreasonable, or violate the provisions of this code, he or she may issue a written order to the advisory organization specifying in what respect the contents of the policy forms, bond forms, or manuals, are unfair or unreasonable or violate the provisions of this code and disapprove the use of the forms or manuals.(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, if the commissioner fails to act within 90 days of the submission of a proposed policy or bond form, or manual by an advisory organization, the policy or bond form, or manual, shall be deemed approved.(d) For good cause, and after a hearing, at which representatives of consumers and other interested parties may participate, upon not less than 10 days’ notice to the advisory organization, the commissioner may revoke approval of any policy form or bond form or manual only upon his or her finding grounds that would permit disapproval of the policy or bond form, or manual, if submitted for approval at the time of the revocation hearing.(e) Nothing in this chapter shall be interpreted to allow an advisory organization to set or establish rates or to issue any manual that contains final rates for any insurance coverage, policy endorsement, or bond.(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 1002, Sec. 2. Effective September 29, 1996. [)
CA Ins Code § 1856 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 5 - Joint Underwriting and Joint Reinsurance|Section 1856.

1856.  Every group, association or other organization of insurers which engages in joint underwriting or joint reinsurance through such group, association or organization or by standing agreement among the members thereof shall file with the commissioner (a) a copy of its constitution, its articles of incorporation, agreement or association, and of its by-laws, rules and regulations governing its activities, all duly certified by the custodian of the originals thereof, (b) a list of its members, and (c) the name and address of a resident of this State upon whom notices or orders of the commissioner or process may be served.Every such group, association or other organization shall notify the commissioner promptly of every change in its constitution, its articles of incorporation, agreement or association, and of its by-laws, rules and regulations governing the conduct of its business; its list of members; and the name and address of the resident of this State designated by it upon whom notices or orders of the commissioner or process affecting such group, association or organization may be served.No such group, association or organization shall engage in any unfair or unreasonable practice with respect to such activities.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1857.1 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 6 - Records and Examinations|Section 1857.1.

1857.1.  The commissioner shall, at least once every five years, and may as often as may be reasonable and necessary, make or cause to be made an examination of each licensed rating organization, and he may, as often as may be reasonable and necessary, make or cause to be made an examination of any advisory organization or group, association or other organization of insurers which engages in joint underwriting or joint reinsurance.In lieu of any such examination the commissioner may accept the report of an examination made by the insurance supervisory official of another state.In examining any organization, group or association pursuant to this section the commissioner shall ascertain whether such organization, group or association, and, in the case of a rating organization, any rate or rating system made or used by it, complies with the requirements and standards of this chapter applicable to it.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1857.2 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 6 - Records and Examinations|Section 1857.2.

1857.2.  The commissioner may, at any reasonable time, make or cause to be made an examination of every admitted insurer transacting any class of insurance to which the provisions of this chapter are applicable to ascertain whether such insurer and every rate and rating system used by it for every such class of insurance complies with the requirements and standards of this chapter applicable thereto. Such examination shall not be a part of a periodic general examination participated in by representatives of more than one state.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1857.3 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 6 - Records and Examinations|Section 1857.3.

1857.3.  The officers, managers, agents and employees of any such organization, group, association or insurer may be examined at any time under oath and shall exhibit all books, records, accounts, documents or agreements governing its method of operation, together with all data, statistics and information of every kind and character collected or considered by such organization, group, association or insurer in the conduct of the operations to which such examination relates.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1857.4 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 6 - Records and Examinations|Section 1857.4.

1857.4.  The reasonable cost of any examination authorized by this article shall be paid by the organization, group, association or insurer to be examined.(Added by Stats. 1947, Ch. 805.)
CA Ins Code § 1857.7 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 6.5 - Recording and Reporting of Loss and Expense Experience|Section 1857.7.

1857.7.  The application referred to in subdivision (b) of Section 1861.05 shall include, but shall not be limited to, all of the following information:(1) Premiums written.(2) Premiums earned.(3) Unearned premiums.(4) The dollar amount of claims paid.(5) The number of outstanding claims.(6) Net loss reserves for outstanding claims excluding claims incurred but not reported.(7) Net loss reserves for claims incurred but not reported.(8) Losses incurred as a percentage of premiums earned.(9) Net investment gain or loss and other income or gain or loss allocated to products liability lines.(10) Net income before federal and foreign income taxes.(11) Expenses incurred including loss adjustment expense, commission and brokerage expense, other acquisition expense and general expense.(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 530, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1995.)
CA Ins Code § 1858 (2021)
2021 California Code|Insurance Code - INS|DIVISION 1 - GENERAL RULES GOVERNING INSURANCE|PART 2 - THE BUSINESS OF INSURANCE|CHAPTER 9 - Rates and Rating and Other Organizations|ARTICLE 7 - Hearings, Procedure and Judicial Review|Section 1858.

1858.  (a) Any person aggrieved by any rate charged, rating plan, rating system, or underwriting rule followed or adopted by an insurer or rating organization, may file a written complaint with the commissioner requesting that the commissioner review the manner in which the rate, plan, system, or rule has been applied with respect to the insurance afforded to that person. In addition, the aggrieved person may file a written request for a public hearing before the commissioner, specifying the grounds relied upon.(b) The commissioner shall advise the insurer or rating organization that a complaint has been filed against it and the nature of the complaint and provide the insurer or rating organization with an opportunity to respond to the complaint.(c) If the commissioner has information concerning a similar complaint, he or she may deny the request for a public hearing until a determination is made or a public hearing is held on the similar complaint or may consolidate similar complaints for determination or public hearing. If he or she believes, after review and investigation of the facts alleged in the complaint and the facts alleged in any response to the complaint, that probable cause for the complaint does not exist or that the complaint is not made in good faith, he or she shall so advise the complainant and shall deny any request made for a public hearing. If he or she believes, after review and investigation of the facts alleged in the complaint and the facts alleged in any response to the complaint, that probable cause for the complaint does exist, that the complaint charges a violation of this chapter, and that the complainant would be aggrieved if the violation is proven, he or she shall proceed as provided in Section 1858.1 unless the complaint was accompanied by a request for public hearing, in which case he or she shall proceed as provided in Section 1858.2.(d) Nothing in this section prohibits or limits the right of any aggrieved person, either prior to or in conjunction with the filing of a written complaint with the commissioner under this section, from requesting an insurer or rating organization to review the manner in which the rate, plan, system, or rule has been applied with respect to the insurance afforded to that person.(Amended by Stats. 1987, Ch. 1289, Sec. 1.)