reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
DC Code § 16-4602.10 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter II - Jurisdiction|§ 16-4602.10. Appearance of parties and child

(a) In a child-custody proceeding in the District, the court may order a party to the proceeding who is in the District to appear before the court in person, with or without the child. The court may order any person who is in the District and who has physical custody or control of the child to appear in person with the child. (b) If a party to a child-custody proceeding whose presence is desired by the court is outside the District, the court may order that a notice given pursuant to section 16-4601.07 include a statement directing the party to appear in person, with or without the child, and informing the party that failure to appear may result in a decision adverse to the party. (c) The court may enter any orders necessary to ensure the safety of the child and of any person ordered to appear under this section. (d) If a party to a child-custody proceeding who is outside the District is directed to appear under subsection (b) of this section or desires to appear personally before the court, with or without the child, the court may require another party to pay reasonable and necessary travel and other expenses of the party so appearing and of the child.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 210 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.01 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.01. Definitions

For the purposes of this subchapter, the term: (1) “Petitioner” means a person who seeks enforcement of an order for return of a child under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction or enforcement of a child-custody determination. (2) “Respondent” means a person against whom a proceeding has been commenced for enforcement of an order for return of a child under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction or enforcement of a child-custody determination.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 301 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.02 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.02. Enforcement under Hague Convention

Under this subchapter, a court of the District may enforce an order for the return of the child made under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction as if it were a child-custody determination.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 302 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.03 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.03. Duty to enforce

(a) A court of the District shall recognize and enforce a child-custody determination of a court of another state if the latter court exercised jurisdiction in substantial conformity with this chapter or the determination was made under factual circumstances meeting the jurisdictional standards of this chapter and the determination has not been modified in accordance with this chapter. (b) A court of the District may utilize any remedy available under other law of the District to enforce a child-custody determination made by a court of another state. The remedies provided in this subchapter are cumulative and do not affect the availability of other remedies to enforce a child-custody determination.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 303 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.04 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.04. Temporary visitation

(a) A court of the District which does not have jurisdiction to modify a child-custody determination may issue a temporary order enforcing: (1) A visitation schedule made by a court of another state; or (2) The visitation provisions of a child-custody determination of another state that does not provide for a specific visitation schedule. (b) If a court of the District makes an order under subsection (a)(2) of this section, it shall specify in the order a period that it considers adequate to allow the petitioner to obtain an order from a court having jurisdiction under the criteria specified in subchapter II of this chapter. The order remains in effect until an order is obtained from the other court or the period expires.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 16-4603.08. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 304 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.06 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.06. Enforcement of registered determination

(a) A court of the District may grant any relief normally available under the law of the District to enforce a registered child-custody determination made by a court of another state. (b) A court of the District shall recognize and enforce, but may not modify, except in accordance with subchapter II of this chapter, a registered child-custody determination of a court of another state.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 306 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.07 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.07. Simultaneous proceedings

If a proceeding for enforcement under this subchapter is commenced in a court of the District and the court determines that a proceeding to modify the determination is pending in a court of another state having jurisdiction to modify the determination under subchapter II of this chapter, the enforcing court shall immediately communicate with the modifying court. The proceeding for enforcement continues unless the enforcing court, after consultation with the modifying court, stays or dismisses the proceeding.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 307 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.09 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.09. Service of petition and order

Except as otherwise provided in §§ 16-306 (adoptions), 16-2306 (neglect proceedings), 16-2357 (termination of parental rights), and 16-4603.11 (custody under emergency circumstances), the petition and order must be served upon respondent and any person who has physical custody of the child by any method authorized for the service of complaints under the rules for domestic relations proceedings adopted by the Board of Judges of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 309 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.10 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.10. Hearing and order

(a) Unless the court issues a temporary emergency order pursuant to section 16-4602.04, upon a finding that a petitioner is entitled to immediate physical custody of the child, the court shall order that the petitioner may take immediate physical custody of the child unless the respondent establishes that: (1) The child-custody determination has not been registered and confirmed under section 16-4603.05 and that: (A) The issuing court did not have jurisdiction under subchapter II of this chapter; (B) The child-custody determination for which enforcement is sought has been vacated, stayed, or modified by a court of a state having jurisdiction to do so under subchapter II of this chapter; or (C) The respondent was entitled to notice, but notice was not given in accordance with the standards of section 16-4601.07, in the proceedings before the court that issued the order for which enforcement is sought; or (2) The child-custody determination for which enforcement is sought was registered and confirmed under section 16-4603.05 but has been vacated, stayed, or modified by a court of a state having jurisdiction to do so under subchapter II of this chapter. (b) The court shall award the fees, costs, and expenses authorized under section 16-4603.12 and may grant additional relief, including a request for the assistance of the Metropolitan Police Department or other law enforcement officials, and set a further hearing to determine whether additional relief is appropriate. (c) If a party called to testify refuses to answer on the ground that the testimony may be self-incriminating, the court may draw an adverse inference from the refusal. (d) A privilege against disclosure of communications between spouses and a defense of immunity based on the relationship of husband and wife or parent and child may not be invoked in a proceeding under this subchapter.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 310 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.11 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.11. Warrant to take physical custody of child

(a) Upon the filing of a petition seeking enforcement of a child-custody determination, the petitioner may file a verified application for the issuance of a warrant to take physical custody of the child if the child is imminently likely to suffer serious physical harm or be removed from the District. (b) If the court, upon the testimony of the petitioner or other witness, finds that the child is imminently likely to suffer serious physical harm or be removed from the District, it may issue a warrant to take physical custody of the child. The petition must be heard on the next judicial day after the warrant is executed unless that date is impossible. In that event, the court shall hold the hearing on the first judicial day possible. The application for the warrant must include the statements required by section 16-4603.08(b). (c) A warrant to take physical custody of a child must: (1) Recite the facts upon which a conclusion of imminent serious physical harm or removal from the jurisdiction is based; (2) Direct law enforcement officers to take physical custody of the child immediately; and (3) Provide for the placement of the child pending final relief. (d) The respondent must be served with the petition, warrant, and order immediately after the child is taken into physical custody. (e) A warrant to take physical custody of a child is enforceable throughout the District. If the court finds on the basis of the testimony of the petitioner or other witness that a less intrusive remedy is not effective, it may authorize law enforcement officers to enter private property to take physical custody of the child. If required by exigent circumstances of the case, the court may authorize law enforcement officers to make a forcible entry at any hour. (f) The court may impose conditions upon placement of a child to ensure the appearance of the child and the child’s custodian.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 16-4603.09. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 311 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.12 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.12. Costs, fees, and expenses

(a) The court shall award the prevailing party, including a state, necessary and reasonable expenses incurred by or on behalf of the party, including costs, communication expenses, attorney’s fees, investigative fees, expenses for witnesses, travel expenses, and child care during the course of the proceedings, unless the party from whom fees or expenses are sought establishes that the award would be clearly inappropriate. (b) The court may not assess fees, costs, or expenses against a state unless authorized by law other than this chapter.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 16-4603.08 and § 16-4603.10. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 312 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.13 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.13. Recognition and enforcement

A court of the District shall accord full faith and credit to an order issued by a court of another state and consistent with this chapter which enforces a child-custody determination by a court of another state unless the order has been vacated, stayed, or modified by a court having jurisdiction to do so under subchapter II of this chapter.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 313 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.14 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.14. Appeals

An appeal may be taken from a final order in a proceeding under this subchapter. The appeal shall be considered on an expedited basis. Unless the court enters a temporary emergency order under section 16-4602.04 , the enforcing court may not stay an order enforcing a child-custody determination pending appeal.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 314 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.15 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.15. Role of Attorney General for the District of Columbia

(a) In a case arising under this chapter or involving the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, the Attorney General for the District of Columbia may take any lawful action, including resort to a proceeding under this subchapter or any other available civil proceeding, to locate a child, obtain the return of a child, or enforce a child-custody determination if there is: (1) An existing child-custody determination; (2) A request to do so from a court in a pending child-custody proceeding; (3) A reasonable belief that a criminal statute has been violated; or (4) A reasonable belief that the child has been wrongfully removed or retained in violation of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. (b) A member of the Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia acting under this section acts on behalf of the court and may not represent any party.  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214; Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(b)(1), 56 DCR 1572.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 16-4603.16 and § 16-4603.17. Effect of Amendments D.C. Law 17-378, in the section heading and subsecs. (a) and (b), substituted “Attorney General for the District of Columbia” for “Corporation Counsel”. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 315 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.16 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.16. Role of law enforcement

At the request of a member of the Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia acting under section 16-4603.15 , a member of the Metropolitan Police Department or other law enforcement officer may take any lawful action reasonably necessary to locate a child or a party and assist the Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia with responsibilities under section 16-4603.15 .  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214; Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(b)(2), 56 DCR 1572.)  Section References This section is referenced in § 16-4603.17. Effect of Amendments D.C. Law 17-378 substituted “Attorney General for the District of Columbia” for “Corporation Counsel”. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 316 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4603.17 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter III - Enforcement|§ 16-4603.17. Costs and expenses

If the respondent is not the prevailing party, the court may assess against the respondent all direct expenses and costs incurred by the Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia and Metropolitan Police Department or other law enforcement officers under section 16-4603.15 or section 16-4603.16 .  (Apr. 27, 2001, D.C. Law 13-293, § 2(d), 48 DCR 2214; Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(b)(3), 56 DCR 1572.)  Effect of Amendments D.C. Law 17-378 substituted “Attorney General for the District of Columbia” for “Corporation Counsel”. Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 317 of the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (1997 Act).
DC Code § 16-4604.01 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter IV - Child Abduction Prevention|§ 16-4604.01. Short title

This subchapter may be cited as the “Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act”.  (Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(d), 56 DCR 1572.)  Editor's Notes Former § 16-4604.01 has been recodified as § 16-4605.01 by D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(e). Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 1 of the Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act.
DC Code § 16-4604.02 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter IV - Child Abduction Prevention|§ 16-4604.02. Definitions

For the purposes of this subchapter, the term: (1) “Abduction” means the wrongful removal or wrongful retention of a child. (2) “Child” means an unemancipated individual who is less than 18 years of age. (3) “Child-custody proceeding” means a proceeding in which legal custody, physical custody, or visitation with respect to a child is at issue. The term includes a proceeding for divorce, dissolution of marriage, separation, neglect, abuse, dependency, guardianship, paternity, termination of parental rights, or protection from domestic violence. (4) “Petition” includes a motion or its equivalent. (5) “Record” means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. (6) “Travel document” means records relating to a travel itinerary, including travel tickets, passes, reservations for transportation, or accommodations. The term “travel document” does not include a passport or visa. (7) “Wrongful removal” means the taking of a child that breaches rights of custody or visitation given or recognized under the law of this state. (8) “Wrongful retention” means the keeping or concealing of a child that breaches rights of custody or visitation given or recognized under the law of this state.  (Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(d), 56 DCR 1572.)  Editor's Notes Former § 16-4604.02 has been recodified as § 16-4605.03 by D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(e). Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 2 of the Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act.
DC Code § 16-4604.03 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter IV - Child Abduction Prevention|§ 16-4604.03. Cooperation and communication among courts

Sections 16-4601.10 , 16-4601.11 , and 16-4601.12 apply to cooperation and communications among courts in proceedings under this subchapter.  (Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(d), 56 DCR 1572.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 3 of the Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act.
DC Code § 16-4604.04 (2021)
2021 District of Columbia Code|Title 16 - Particular Actions, Proceedings and Matters. [Enacted title]|Chapter 46 - Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement|Subchapter IV - Child Abduction Prevention|§ 16-4604.04. Actions for abduction prevention measures

(a) A court on its own motion may order abduction prevention measures in a child-custody proceeding if the court finds that the evidence establishes a credible risk of abduction of the child. (b) A party to a child-custody determination or another individual or entity having a right under the law of this state or any other state to seek a child-custody determination for the child may file a petition seeking abduction prevention measures to protect the child under this subchapter. (c) The Attorney General for the District of Columbia may seek a warrant to take physical custody of a child under § 16-4604.09 or other appropriate prevention measures.  (Mar. 31, 2009, D.C. Law 17-378, § 2(d), 56 DCR 1572.)  Editor's Notes Uniform Law: This section is based upon § 4 of the Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act.