reglab/housing_qa huggingface dataset:
VA Code § 55.1-333 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-333. Validation of certain sales made under deeds of trust

All sales that have been made prior to January 1, 1972, under deeds of trust to secure debts and indemnify sureties containing a provision requiring the giving of notice of sale thereunder for a specified number of days by advertisement in one or more newspapers and that were made after publishing the advertisement of sale in a newspaper published daily or in a newspaper published daily except Sunday for the number of days specified in the deed of trust, counting both the day of the first publication and the day of the last publication and intervening Sundays, whether or not such paper was published on Sunday and whether or not such sales were held on the day of the last publication, provided that, in cases when the sale was held on the day of the last publication, the publication was in a newspaper the principal daily edition of which was delivered or publicly sold before the time fixed for the sale, and whether or not the first publication or the last publication, or both, appeared on Sunday, shall be held, and the same are hereby declared, to be valid and effective in all respects, if otherwise valid and effective according to the law then in force, provided, however, that nothing contained in this section shall be construed as affecting any final order entered prior to March 24, 1934, by any court of competent jurisdiction or as affecting any action now pending in any court of competent jurisdiction, and provided further, that nothing in this section shall be so construed as to affect intervening vested rights.1934, p. 257; Michie Code 1942, § 5167b; Code 1950, § 55-65; 1975, c. 284; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-334 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-334. Validation of certain sales made under deeds of trust prior to October 1, 1977

All sales that were made prior to October 1, 1977, under deeds of trust to secure debts and indemnify sureties when the notice, advertisement, and conduct of the sale were in accordance with the law of the Commonwealth as it existed on June 30, 1977, are declared to be valid and effective in all respects, provided that nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting any final order entered prior to March 23, 1978, by any court of competent jurisdiction, or any action now pending in a court of competent jurisdiction, or as affecting intervening vested rights, and provided further that no action to vacate or set aside any such sale may be brought after March 23, 1978.1978, c. 173, § 55-65.1; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-335 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-335. Validation of other sales under deeds of trust

All sales that were made prior to January 1, 1972, under deeds of trust to secure debts and indemnify sureties when the notice was not published once a week for four successive weeks or a specified number of successive weeks are declared to be valid and effective in all respects, if other reasonable advertisement of such sale was given and such sale was otherwise valid and effective, provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as affecting any final order entered prior to March 1, 1944, by any court of competent jurisdiction, or any action now pending in a court of competent jurisdiction, or as affecting intervening vested rights, and provided further that no action may be brought after January 1, 1972, to vacate or set aside any such sale.1944, p. 128; Michie Suppl. 1946, § 5167b1; Code 1950, § 55-66; 1975, c. 284; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-336 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-336. Protection of assignees or transferees of debts secured by real estate; form of certificate of transfer

Whenever a debt or other obligation secured by a deed of trust, mortgage, or vendor's lien on real estate has been assigned, the assignor or the assignee, at its option, may cause the instrument of assignment to be recorded in the clerk's office of the circuit court where such deed of trust, mortgage, or vendor's lien is recorded, provided that such instrument is otherwise in recordable form, or may cause a certificate of transfer signed by the assignor to be recorded in such clerk's office, and such instrument of assignment or certificate of transfer, upon recordation, shall operate as a notice of such assignment. The instrument of assignment or certificate of transfer shall be indexed in the name of the assignor and in the names of the obligor or maker, and the trustees, as applicable, all of whose names shall be set forth in such instrument or certificate. The certificate of transfer shall conform substantially to the following:CERTIFICATE OF TRANSFERPlace of Record:Clerk's Office of the Circuit Court of the ________ of ________, VirginiaDate of [Deed of Trust/Mortgage/Vendor's Lien]: ________,Deed Book ________, Page ____Name of Obligor or Maker: ________________ Names(s) of Trustee(s) [if a Deed of Trust]: ________________  ________________ Name of Original Payee or Obligee: ________________ Original Amount Secured [if applicable]: $____The undersigned, the original payee or obligee [or the subsequent assignee] of the obligation secured by the above-mentioned [Deed of Trust/Mortgage/Vendor's Lien], hereby certifies that the obligations secured thereby have been assigned to ______ ________________ [If a credit line deed of trust, the name and address to which notice may be mailed or delivered to the Noteholder as provided by § 55.1-318 is as follows: ________________ ________________ ]Given under (my/our) hand(s) as of the ______ day of ________, ____. ________________ (Assignor)______ of ______County/City of ________, to wit:Subscribed, sworn to, and acknowledged before me by ________ this ______ day of ________, 20__.My Commission Expires: ________ ________________ Notary PublicNotary Registration Number: ________For purposes of this section, the word "assigned" includes endorsed, pledged, hypothecated, or otherwise transferred. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to invalidate any other form or notice of assignment that may have been recorded prior to July 1, 1994. Nothing in this section shall imply that recordation of the instrument of assignment or a certificate of transfer is necessary in order to transfer to an assignee the benefit of the security provided by the deed of trust, mortgage, or vendor's lien.1994, c. 806, § 55-66.01; 1995, c. 807; 1997, c. 205; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-337 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-337. Required notice of foreclosure or repossession of manufactured home

Whenever any assignee of an installment note secured by a security interest on a manufactured home determines that legal action is desirable to enforce the debt resulting in a potential foreclosure or repossession, he shall give prior notice by mail of any action to foreclose or repossess the collateral to any assignor who is liable under a recourse endorsement or by virtue of a reserve account at least 10 business days prior to the enforcement of the security interest or eviction. Assignment by way of pledge of the security interest granted by the assignor shall not be an assignment within the meaning of this section. The failure to so notify the assignor shall not affect any rights of the assignee as against the principal debtor or any party other than the assignor with recourse or a person with rights in a reserve account. Provisions of this section may not be waived by such assignor at the time of the original sale of the installment paper but only after the expiration of at least 30 days from such initial transfer. The assignee shall send such notice to the last known address of the assignor as it appears in the records of the assignee.1978, c. 462, § 55-66.1:1; 1999, c. 77; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-338 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-338. Release to person dead inures to successors

A release of a deed of trust or a conveyance of the property embraced in such deed of trust may in all cases be made to the original grantor, whether living or dead, and any release or reconveyance so made shall inure both in law and in equity to the successors in title of such grantor.Code 1919, § 6456; 1926, p. 82; 1930, p. 71; 1932, p. 121; 1944, p. 199; Code 1950, § 55-66.2; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-340 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-340. Release by financial institution upon payment of debt placed with it for collection

In any case where a note, bond, or other evidence of indebtedness placed by a creditor for collection with a bank, trust company, savings institution, small loan company, or credit union is fully paid at such financial institution, the financial institution, through its authorized agents, may execute all certificates, releases, and affidavits required of a creditor by this chapter to effectuate a release. The financial institution may execute and deliver to the clerk an affidavit to the effect that the financial institution had been acting as collecting agent for the creditor on the debt and that the debt has been paid in full at such institution.1983, c. 220, § 55-66.3:1; 1996, c. 77; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-341 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-341. Partial satisfaction

It is lawful for any lien creditor to record a certificate of partial satisfaction of any one or more of the separate pieces or parcels of property covered by such lien. It shall also be lawful for any such creditor to record a certificate of partial satisfaction of any part of the real estate covered by such lien if a plat of such part or a deed of such part is recorded in the clerk's office and a cross-reference is made in the certificate of partial satisfaction to the book and page where the plat or deed of such part is recorded. Such certificate of partial satisfaction may be accomplished in manner and form prescribed in this chapter for making certificates of satisfaction, except that the creditor, or his duly authorized agent, shall make an affidavit to the clerk or in such certificate that such creditor is at the time of making such satisfaction the legal holder of the obligation, note, bond, or other evidence of debt, secured by such lien, and when made in conformity with the provisions of this chapter such partial satisfaction shall be as valid and binding as a proper release deed duly executed for the same purpose.Any and all partial marginal releases made prior to July 1, 1966, in any county or city of the Commonwealth, in conformity with the provisions of this chapter, either of one or more separate pieces or parcels of real estate or any part of the real estate covered by such lien, or as to one or more of the obligations secured by any such lien, or as to all of the real estate covered by such lien instrument, are hereby validated and declared to be binding upon all parties in interest, but this provision shall not be construed as intended to disturb or impair any vested right.Code 1919, § 6456; 1930, p. 70; 1932, p. 121; 1944, p. 199; Code 1950, § 55-66.4; 1952, c. 469; 1966, c. 505; 1975, c. 469; 1977, c. 141; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-342 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-342. Permissible form for certificate of satisfaction or certificate of partial satisfaction

Any release by a certificate of satisfaction or certificate of partial satisfaction shall be in conformity with §§ 55.1-339, 55.1-340, and 55.1-341 and shall conform substantially with the following Certificate of Satisfaction or Certificate of Partial Satisfaction forms:CERTIFICATE OF SATISFACTIONPlace of Record ____________Date of Note/Deed of Trust ____________Face Amount Secured/Face Amount of Note: ____________Deed Book ______ Page ____Name(s) of Grantor(s)/Maker(s); ____________Name(s) of Trustee(s) ____________Face Amount of Note(s) $______I/we, holder(s) of the above-mentioned note(s) secured by the above-mentioned deed of trust, do hereby certify that the same has/have been paid in full, and the lien therein created and retained is hereby released.GIVEN UNDER MY/OUR HAND(S) THIS ______ DAY OF ________, 20__. ________________  ________________ (NOTE HOLDERS)Commonwealth of Virginia,County/City of ____________ to wit:Subscribed, sworn to, and acknowledged before me by ____________ this ______ day of ______, 20__.My Commission Expires: ____________ ________________ NOTARY PUBLICNotary Registration Number: ____________VIRGINIA;IN THE CLERK'S OFFICE OF THE CIRCUIT COURTThis certificate was presented, and with the Certificate annexed, admitted to record on ________ at ____ o'clock _.m.Clerk's fees: $______ have been paid.Attest: ________, Deputy ClerkCERTIFICATE OF PARTIAL SATISFACTIONPlace of Record ________________Date of Deed of Trust _Deed Book ______ Page ____Name(s) of Grantor(s) ________________Name(s) of Trustee(s) ________________Maker(s) of Note(s) ________________Date of Note(s) ________________Face Amount of Note(s) $________The lien of the above-mentioned deed of trust securing the above-mentioned note is released insofar as the same is applicable to ____________ (description of property) recorded in deed book ________ at page ____ in the clerk's office of this court. The undersigned is/are the legal holder(s) of the obligation, note, bond, or other evidence of debt secured by said deed of trust.Given under my/our hand(s) this ________ day of ________, 20__. ________________  ________________ (NOTE HOLDERS)Commonwealth of Virginia,County/City of ____________ to wit:Subscribed, sworn to, and acknowledged before me by ____________ this ________ day of ________, 20__.My Commission Expires: ____________ ________________ NOTARY PUBLICNotary Registration Number: ____________The clerk shall satisfy the requirements of § 17.1-228.Certificates conforming to this section prior to the amendment effective July 1, 1984, shall be deemed to be in substantial conformity to this section.1975, c. 469, § 55-66.4:1; 1977, c. 254; 1982, c. 420; 1983, c. 220; 1984, c. 376; 1990, c. 328; 1994, c. 929; 1995, c. 271; 1996, c. 949; 2014, c. 330; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-343 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-343. Where certificates of satisfaction are to be indexed

The clerk shall record a certificate of partial satisfaction or a certificate of satisfaction on the grantor index, both under the name of each grantor on the underlying deed of trust and under the name of the first-named trustee under which the deed of trust was indexed, all as identified on the certificate of satisfaction. The deed book and page number or the instrument number of the released deed of trust shall also be designated in the index. Any clerk using a separate index book or data file for grantees only shall also record in such book or file the name of each grantor on the underlying deed of trust as identified on the certificate of satisfaction.1985, c. 245, § 55-66.4:2; 1986, c. 512; 1997, c. 579; 2002, c. 832; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-344 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-344. Releases made by court; costs and attorney fees

A. Any person who owns or has any interest in real estate or personal property on which an encumbrance as described in § 55.1-339 exists may, after 20 days' notice to the person entitled to such encumbrance, apply to the circuit court of the county or city in which such encumbrance is recorded to have the same released or discharged. Upon proof that the encumbrance has been paid or discharged or upon a finding by the court that more than 15 years have elapsed since the maturity of the lien or encumbrance, raising a presumption of payment that is not rebutted at the hearing, such court shall order the clerk to record a certificate of satisfaction or a certificate of partial satisfaction that, when so recorded, shall operate as a release of such encumbrance.All releases made prior to June 24, 1944, by any court under this section upon such presumption of payment so arising and not rebutted shall be validated.B. If the court finds that the person entitled to such encumbrance cannot with due diligence be located, and that notice has been given such person in the manner provided by § 8.01-319 or 55.1-348, or that tender has been made of the sum due thereon but has been refused for any reason by the party to whom due, the court may in its discretion order the sum due to be paid into court, to be there held as provided by law, and to be paid upon demand to the person entitled thereto. The court shall order the same to be recorded as provided in subsection A, and such certificate of satisfaction or certificate of partial satisfaction shall operate as a release of the encumbrance.C. Upon a finding by the court that the holder of a mortgage or deed of trust that has been fully paid or discharged has unjustifiably and without good cause failed or refused to release such mortgage or deed of trust, the court may order that costs and reasonable attorney fees be paid to the petitioning party. This subsection shall not preclude a separate action by the petitioning party for actual damages sustained by reason of such failure or refusal to release the encumbrance.Code 1919, § 6456; 1926, p. 81; 1930, p. 70; 1932, p. 121; 1944, p. 199; Code 1950, § 55-66.5; 1956, c. 426; 1975, c. 469; 1987, c. 604; 1992, c. 532; 1999, c. 66; 2006, c. 907; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-345 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-345. Recordation of certificate of satisfaction, etc., required when release of lien recorded

Whenever a release of a deed of trust or other obligation is recorded in the office of the clerk of any circuit court, such clerk shall record a certificate of satisfaction or certificate of partial satisfaction, stating that such deed or other obligation is released. The fee charged by the clerk for recording such release shall be paid by the lien debtor. Such certificate shall be indexed in the name of the grantors and grantees of the instrument being released. If any clerk fails for 10 days to do anything required of him by this section, he shall be liable for any damage that any person may sustain by reason of such failure.Code 1919, § 3402; Code 1950, § 55-66.6; 1975, c. 469; 1979, c. 648; 1991, c. 414; 1993, c. 39; 2010, c. 352; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-346 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-346. Applicability

The procedure authorized by this article for the release of a security interest in real property using an automated electronic recording system may be used to effect the release of a security interest regardless of when the security interest was created, assigned, or satisfied by payment made by the settlement agent. The procedure authorized by this section for the release of a security interest shall constitute an optional method of accomplishing a release of a security interest secured by property in the Commonwealth.2006, c. 907, § 55-66.8; 2019, c. 712.
VA Code § 55.1-347 (2021)
2021 Code of Virginia|Title 55.1 - Property and Conveyances|Chapter 3 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens|§ 55.1-347. Definitions

As used in this article, unless the context requires otherwise:"Day" means calendar day."Document" means information that is:1. Inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form; and2. Eligible to be recorded in the land records maintained by the clerk."Electronic," as defined in the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (§ 59.1-479 et seq.), means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities."Person" means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, government, or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality or any other legal or commercial entity."Real property" means real property that is used for residential or nonresidential purposes."Recording data" means the date, and deed book and page number or instrument number, that indicates where a document is recorded in the land records of the clerk of the circuit court pursuant to Chapter 6 (§ 55.1-600 et seq.)."Secured creditor" means a person that holds or is the beneficiary of a security interest or that is authorized both to receive payments on behalf of a person that holds a security interest in real property and to record a satisfaction of the security instrument upon receiving full performance of the secured obligation. "Secured creditor" does not include a trustee under a security instrument. "Secured creditor" also includes "lender" as used in Chapter 10 (§ 55.1-1000 et seq.) and "lien creditor" and "servicer" as defined in § 55.1-339."Secured obligation" means an obligation the payment or performance of which is secured by a security interest."Security instrument" means an agreement, however denominated, that creates or provides for a security interest, whether or not it also creates or provides for a lien on personal property."Security interest" means an interest in real property created by a security instrument, securing payment, or performance of an obligation and includes a mortgage or deed of trust."Sign" means, with present intent to authenticate, accept, or adopt a document:1. To execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or2. To attach to or logically associate with the document an electronic sound, symbol, or process."State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States."Submit for recording" means to deliver, with required fees and taxes, a document sufficient to be recorded under this article to the office of the clerk of the circuit court pursuant to Chapter 6 (§ 55.1-600 et seq.).2006, c. 907, § 55-66.9; 2019, c. 712.