**张锡媛**（1907年10月28日—1930年1月），邓小平的第一任妻子。

生平
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張茜本名張錫瑗，1907年10月28日生於直隶省顺天府房山县。父親張鏡海是鐵路工人，姐妹三人，她是其中最大，两位妹妹分别是张锡瑞、张锡珍（张晓梅）。父亲張鏡海因二·七大罷工被通緝。張錫瑗又名西遠、希園，河北良鄉（今屬北京房山區）人，比鄧小4歲，父親是良鄉鐵路站站長；1922年入保定直隸第二女子師範學校讀書；1924年加入中國共產黨青年團，並擔任學校團組織負責人，參與學生驅趕校長，作為學生代表之一赴北京、天津宣傳學生運動；同年加入中國國民黨並任中國國民黨保定市監察委員；1925年隨父親到北京，入清明中學讀書，同時任中國國民黨北京市婦女部秘書，參加國民會議促成會活動；受李大釗影響接受共產主義思想，於同年加入中國共產黨；11月被派往蘇聯莫斯科中山大學學習，俄文名字叫多加多娃；1926年回國，1927年在保定參與領導鐵路工人罷工，後調到中共中央機關秘書處工作。

1924年，就读于保定第二女子师范学校。1925年，全家遷居北京，三姐妹同時加入共青團，在中国共产党北方區委創辦學校學習，深受李大釗教誨，不久張錫瑗正式加入中國共產黨。1925年11月，張錫瑗与妹妹张锡瑞、陈绍禹进入苏联莫斯科中山大学学习，与邓小平相识。

1927年张锡瑗回国，受中共中央指示進入中共中央秘書處，在上海與鄧小平一起工作。1928年，兩人因相愛而结婚。1928年冬，鄧小平在上海與中國共產黨員張錫媛結婚。1929年夏，鄧小平趕赴廣西策劃左右江起義，張留在上海，鄧經常往返廣西和上海向中共中央匯報工作。1930年初，鄧回到上海時，妻子張錫瑗臨產住進寶隆醫院；鄧到醫院照看妻子，張錫瑗生下孩子沒過幾天患產褥熱去世，孩子隨後夭折。1930年1月，張产子后患产褥热，因難產而死時，鄧小平在廣西還不知道。

參考資料
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1. 1 2 3 4 5  文：亚歷山大‧潘佐夫、梁思文，译：吴润璇.. 中天电子报，来源：旺报. 2016-08-31  [2018-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-07） （简体中文）. 他只知道那个女孩的真名是张锡媛，于1907年10月28日出生在直隶省房山县良乡站的工人之家（她的父亲是名铁道工人）。1925年11月27日，张锡媛与陈绍禹一同从中国来到了中山大学。在抵达莫斯科的一个月之后，加入了共产党。
2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7  寒山碧原著，伊藤潔縮譯，唐建宇、李明翻譯：《鄧小平傳》，香港：東西文化事業公司，1993年1月
3. 1 2 3 . 搜狐网. 2017-08-18  [2018-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-18） （简体中文）.
4. 1 2  中共中央文獻研究室編，楊勝群主編，劉金田副主編 (编).  香港第一版. 香港: 中和出版. 2014. ISBN 978-988-8284-56-6.
5. ↑  矢吹晉.  **第2卷**. 知青頻道出版. 1994. ISBN 957-9061-99-8 （中文（繁體））.

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| * 
* 论
* 编
邓小平家系 |
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|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 邓克达 |   | 戴氏 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
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|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 张氏 |   | 邓绍昌 |   | 淡氏 |   | 萧氏 |   | 夏伯根 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
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|  | 邓先烈 |  | 唐氏\* |   | 张锡媛 |   | 金维映 |   | 邓小平 |   | 卓琳 |  | 邓先修 |   | 丁华 |  | 邓先治 |   | 谢金碧 |  | 邓先珍 |  | 邓先清 |  | 张仲仁 |   | 邓先芙 |  | 待考证 |   | 邓先蓉 |  | 邓先群 |
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|  | 吴建常 |   | 邓林 |  | 邓朴方 |  | 张宏 |   | 邓楠 |  | 贺平 |   | 邓榕 |  | 邓质方 |   | 刘小元 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
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|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 邓卓棣 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
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\*唐氏是邓小平一岁时，父母作主定的娃娃亲对象。邓小平加入共产主义青年团后，执意退婚，家里只好默认。后来，由邓小平的父母做主，唐氏以邓家女儿的身份出嫁了。 |

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