**毛貽昌**（1870年10月15日—1920年1月23日），字**順生**，號**良弼**，湖南省湘潭市人，毛澤東之父。

祖籍争议
----

20世纪90年代，由于《中湘韶山毛氏四修族谱》的公开面世，在寻根问祖热的推动下，不少人开始对毛泽东祖籍进行"深入"研究，起初还仅仅停留在"学术研究"的层面上，后来逐渐异化为借伟人祖籍搭台，唱旅游经济大戏，"研究成果"也越来越低俗和荒唐。目前毛泽东的祖籍有"江西吉水说"、"浙江衢州说"、"河南原阳说"、"云南永胜说"等。

### "江西吉水说"

此说源于《韶山毛氏族谱》中的《源流记》：毛太华"避乱由江西吉州龙城迁云南之澜沧卫"，2002年5月27日，人民网、中新社都报道说，江西吉水县八都镇毛泽东祖籍龙城遗址附近的院背村发现了3块刻有"毛氏祖籍"字样的千年古砖，进一步证明了毛泽东祖籍在吉水龙城。邹华享认为吉水县此举与秦末农民起义领袖陈胜、吴广玩的"鱼腹藏书"造假把戏异曲同工，即使真的发现了3块刻有"毛氏祖籍"的千年古砖，也无法进一步证明吉水龙城是毛泽东祖籍，"毛氏祖籍"不只是"毛泽东祖籍"，还不如干脆"发现"几块刻有"毛泽东祖籍"字样的古砖。

### "浙江衢州说"

1993年，衢州市社科联副主席郑艮安得到一份《韶山毛氏族谱·凡例》的复印件，上面写到"自宋工部尚书让公世居三衢。生子休公，官至银青光禄大夫、国子祭酒兼殿中侍御史，出守吉州，迎尚书让公就养，占籍吉之吉水龙城家焉。"郑艮安以此为线索，"考察"出了韶山毛氏先人落籍三衢的来龙去脉，"论证"出《毛泽东祖籍在浙江衢州》，该文叙说了毛宝为江南毛氏一世祖，毛璩为江南毛氏三世祖、三衢毛氏一世祖，毛璩之子宏之、敏之在衢州烂柯山生息。吉水毛氏一世祖毛让是毛璩第十二世孙、清漾毛元琼第六世孙。"如是，衢州毛氏——吉水毛氏——韶山毛氏，这是一脉相承的，是江南毛氏的主系相传。"2000年4月，郑艮安又自费出版了《毛泽东祖籍溯源——从韶山到衢州》，该书考叙了"以国为氏"——毛氏的起源、河南原阳——韶山毛氏的古籍、浙江衢州——毛泽东的祖籍、江西吉水——韶山毛氏的原籍、云南永胜——韶山毛氏的客籍、湖南韶山——毛泽东的故乡。从此确立了毛泽东祖籍浙江衢州说。邹华享认为，客籍与祖籍还好区别，而毛氏的"起源"、"古籍"，毛泽东的"祖籍"、"原籍"、"故乡"如何理解，这几个词的词义如何界定，谁能明白无误地说清它们之间的异同？邹华享直指郑艮安这是在玩一种很低级的文字游戏，让读者有云绕雾照的感觉。

董志珍在《衢州市牒资源综述》中介绍了江山市档案馆所藏《清漾毛氏族谱》，文内说："清漾人毛让，字伯逊，毛宝十四世孙于北宋建隆三年迁居江西吉水（今江西吉安）龙城，成为江西吉水毛氏始祖。元朝末年，吉水仙茶乡人毛太华赴云南从军，明朝初年因军功从云南来到湖南定居，为韶山毛氏之始祖。毛泽东为韶山毛氏第二十世孙。"清漾是今江山市石门镇清漾村，那毛泽东的祖籍地就具体到了清漾村。往上溯，三衢毛氏的第六代毛元琼，于梁武帝大同年间，从烂柯山居清漾，那衢县（今柯城区）烂柯山是毛元琼的原籍、毛泽东的祖籍地。邹华享认为如果套"祖籍"研究者的思路，吉水毛氏祖籍浙江江山，江山毛氏祖籍浙江衢县，不能因江山、柯城都是衢州属地，就笼统地称之曰衢州，这违背了"祖籍"属地的通常说法。况且，衢州毛氏无法证实都是毛宝的后裔。2005年9月16日，烂柯山毛泽东祖籍记念地开发项目招商，自称"经中共中央文献研究室认定，毛泽东祖居地在浙江省衢州市烂柯山毛家湾双龙戏珠处"。邹华享指出"经中共中央文献研究室认定"没有"认定书"，如果是因为郑艮安在中共中央文献研究室下属的出版社自费出版了《毛泽东祖籍溯源——从韶山到衢州》，就说明毛泽东祖籍在衢州得到了中共中央文献研究室的"认定"，明显是拉大旗作虎皮的广告欺诈行为。

生平
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毛贻昌原本是一个贫农，读过两年书，10岁时，毛贻昌和文素勤订婚，14岁时，毛贻昌的母亲去世，15岁时，毛贻昌和18岁的文素勤结婚。毛貽昌17歲就開始操持家业，因家中負債，被迫加入湘軍當了幾年兵，長了一些見識，也積攢了一些錢。回家後，他陸續贖回父親毛恩普典當出去的土地，不久又買進一些，在毛澤東10歲時家里土地增加到20畝，第年能收入10擔稻谷。毛贻昌善于經營，精打細算，後又逐漸典進了別人的一些田地。後來，他集中精力做稻谷和牛的買賣生意，資本積累到银洋兩三千元，在小小的韶山衝里相对比较富裕。

1910年秋，毛贻昌打算送毛泽东去湘潭一家米店当学徒，毛泽东在私塾老师毛麓钟及两位舅舅等亲戚的帮助下，最终劝服毛贻昌将毛泽东送到湘乡东山小学堂学习。1917年之后的几年中，毛家几次被軍閥败兵勒索，又遭强盗抢劫，妻子多年的病痛日益加剧。但毛貽昌依然热心公益事业。1919年上半年，韶山嘴前的韶河上修筑石拱桥，毛贻昌参与修桥义务劳动，并慷慨解囊捐献。据"韶麓桥碑"记载，总捐款额为银洋108元，毛贻昌捐了4元，位列个人捐款额第三位。

在母亲逝世后不久的一段时间里，毛泽东曾请堂伯父毛福生作陪，将父亲接到长沙在自己身边住了一段时间。在父亲虚岁五十大壽生日的时候，毛泽东宴请友人为毛貽昌祝寿，还陪同弟弟毛泽覃陪父亲、伯父到照相馆拍照留念。

死后
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父亲逝世时，毛泽东正带领湖南驱张代表团在北京活动，未能回家奔丧。毛泽民请毛麓钟代毛泽东作泣父灵联："决不料一百有一旬，哭慈母又哭严君，血泪虽枯恩莫报；最难堪七朝连七夕，念长男更念季子，儿曹未集去何匆。"半年后，毛泽东回到韶山，祭拜父亲灵位，向毛泽民了解父亲病情和丧事办理详情。

1959年6月25日，毛泽东回到家乡。第二天一早，他来到父母墓前，神情肃穆，深鞠三躬，说："前人辛苦，后人幸福。"下山后，在参观父母生前住过的卧室时，他又对身边人员说："我父亲得了伤寒病，母亲颈上生了一个包，穿了一个眼，只因为那个时候……如果是现在，他们都不会死的。"

家族
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| 毛贻昌家族 |
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|   | **高祖父：**毛际耀（1770－1849） |
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|   | **曾祖父：**毛祥焕（1794－1839） |   |
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|   | **高祖母：**毛庞氏（1771－1842） |
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|   | **祖父：**毛祖人（1823－1893） |   |
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|   | **曾祖母：**毛张氏（1802－1832） |   |
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|   | **父：**毛恩普（1846－1904） |   |
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|   | **祖母：**毛周氏（1820－1876） |   |
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|   | **毛贻昌**（1870－1920） |   |
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|   | **母：**毛刘氏（1846－1884） |   |
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### 夫人

* 文素勤

### 子女

* 三子毛泽东
* 四子毛泽民
* 五子毛泽覃
* 养女毛泽建

参考文献
----

1. 1 2 3 4  邹, 华享, 《文史博览》 (02期), 2006年, (02期): 4–6 []
2. 1 2 3 4  邹, 华享, 《图书馆》 (06期), 2006年, (06期): 67–81 []
3. ↑ .  [2009-11-15]. （原始内容存档于2009-10-06）.

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| 

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* 论
* 编
毛泽东家系 |
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|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 毛贻昌(1870-1920) |   | 文素勤(1867-1919) |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
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|   | 毛泽东(1893-1976) |   | 罗一秀(1889-1910) |   | 杨开慧(1901-1930) |   | 贺子珍\*(1910-1984) |   |   |   |   |   | 江青(1914-1991) |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 毛泽民\*\*(1895-1943) |   |   |   |   |   |   | 朱旦华(1911-2010) |   | 毛泽覃(1905-1935) |   | 贺怡(1911-1949) |
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| 刘思齐(1930-2022) |   | 毛岸英(1922-1950) |   | 毛岸青(1923-2007) |   | 邵华(1938-2008) |   | 毛岸龙(1927-1931) |   | 楊月花(1929-) |   | \*毛岸红(1932) |   | 李敏(1936-) |   | 孔令华(1935-1999) |   | 李讷(1940-) |   | 王景清(1927-2021) |   | 毛远新(1941-) |   | 贺麓成(1935-) |
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|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 毛新宇(1970-) |   | 郝明莉(1972-？) |   | 刘滨(1977年-) |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 孔继宁 (1962-) |   | 孔东梅(1972-) |   | 王效芝(1972-)\*\*\* |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
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|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 毛东东(2003-) |   | 毛甜懿(2008-) |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
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\* 贺子珍产有3子3女，其中毛泽东的五子（1933）没有起名，次女（1935）及六子（1938）没有中文名。\*\* 毛泽民有三任妻子：第一任王淑兰、第二任钱希钧、第三任朱旦华。\*\*\* 王效芝为李讷与徐姓前夫所生。 |

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