**Kek-bēng** (革命) chí koân-le̍k ia̍h-sī cho͘-chit kiat-kò͘ ê kin-pún-sèng kái-piàn, chia-ê kái-piàn sī tī siòng-tùi té-chiām ê sî-kan tiong hoat-seng. Lâng tī kái-chō chū-jiân kap kái-chō siā-hōe tiong só͘ chìn-hêng ê tiōng-tāi piàn-kek.

Lâng kái-chō chū-jiân ê tiōng-tāi piàn-kek, ū ki-su̍t kek-bēng, sán-gia̍p kek-bēng téng; lâng kái-chō siā-hōe ê tiōng-tāi piàn-kek, iā-chiū-sī siā-hōe kek-bēng. It-poaⁿ lâi kóng, sī chí ùi ē-kha hiòng téng-thâu tùi tong-chiân chè-tō͘ chìn-hêng kin-pún siōng ê piàn-kek. Siā-hōe kek-bēng sī le̍k-sú hoat-tián ê hóe-chhia chhia-thâu ; i siōng-kài chhim-khek ê kin-goân sī seng-sán koan-hē kap seng-sán-le̍k ê mâu-tún. Siong-tùi î kái-kek, he sī ùi téng-thâu hiòng ē-kha ê piàn-kek. Pí-lūn tī chèng-tī chân-bīn siōng, ùi ē-kha hiòng téng-thâu ēng pō-le̍k thui-hoan kun-chú choan-chè, kiàn-li̍p bîn-chú kiōng-hô-chè, hō-chò "kek-bēng", tān-sī iā ū hô-pêng ê kek-bēng. Tī hiān-chûn ê seng-sán koan-hē chiâⁿ-chò seng-sán-le̍k kè-sio̍k hoat-tián ê giâm-tiōng chiòng-gāi sî, tio̍h iau-kiû thong-kòe kek-bēng, kái-piàn kū ê seng-sán koan-hē kap î-hō͘ chit-khoán kū ê seng-sán koan-hē ê kū téng-chân kiàn-tio̍k, iā-chiū-sī kái-piàn siā-hōe chè-tō͘, kái-hòng pī sok-pa̍k ê seng-sán-le̍k, thui-tōng siā-hōe chìn-chi̍t-pō͘ hiòng-chiân hoat-tián. Tùi-hoán, ùi téng-thâu hiòng ē-kha, ùi tè-ông chè-tō͘ thui-hêng kun-chú li̍p-hiàn chè-tō͘, chiâⁿ-li̍p bîn-chú gī-hōe, hō-chò kái-kek. Thong-siông kek-bēng khah kek-chìn kio̍k-lia̍t, ah kái-kek khah pó-siú un-hô. Tī kai-kip siā-hōe lāi, siā-hōe kek-bēng sī kai-kip tàu-cheng ê pit-jiân chhu-sè kap chi̍p-tiong piáu-hiān, thong-siông ài sú-iōng pō-le̍k.

Kek-bēng kap khí-sū ia̍h-sī hoán-loān ū pún-chit-siōng ê hūn-pia̍t, chêng-chiá ê bo̍k-tek sī ūi-tio̍h kái-piàn chèng-tī chè-tō͘, chhut-miâ ê lē ū Hoat-kok Kek-bēng. Hō͘-chiá sī ūi-tio̍h keng-ōaⁿ tong-chiân ê chèng-koân, m̄-sī chè-tō͘ ê kek-sin, chhin-chhiūⁿ Tāi-te̍k-hiong Khí-gī kap N̂g-kin chi loān. só͘-í, giâm-keh lâi kóng, Tiong-kok tē-chi̍t tiûⁿ chin-chiàⁿ koh sêng-kong ê chèng-tī kek-bēng sī Sin-hāi Kek-bēng. Le̍k-sú siōng ū kòe lô͘-lē hoán-tùi lô͘-lē-chú ê kek-bēng, lông-bîn hoán-tùi tē-chú kai-kip ê kek-bēng, chu-sán kai-kip kek-bēng kap bû-sán kai-kip kek-bēng.

Tī kang-gia̍p chân-bīn siōng ê tiōng-tāi kek-sin, hō-chò kang-gia̍p kek-bēng. Thong-siông sī kóng tùi tong-chiân kang-gia̍p ia̍h-sī seng-sán bô͘-sek chìn-hêng piàn-kek, ēng sin ê ki-khì chhin-chhiūⁿ cheng-khì-ki chhú-tāi kū-iú ê jîn-le̍k, thê-seng seng-sán hāu-lu̍t. 

It-poaⁿ lâi kóng, "kek-bēng" chit-ê sû piáu-sī chi̍t ê chèng-tī chè-tō͘ ê kái-piàn. Tī chē-chē siā-hōe kho-ha̍k, te̍k-pia̍t sī siā-hōe-ha̍k, chèng-tī-ha̍k kap le̍k-sú-ha̍k hong-bīn, siā-hōe keng-chē kek-bēng kap chèng-tī kek-bēng siū tông-téng têng-tō͘ ê gián-kiù.

Siong-koan
----------


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| --- | --- | --- |
| * Khí-gī, chèng-piàn
* Gân-sek kek-bēng, le̍k-sek kek-bēng
* Kho-ha̍k kek-bēng, sin-chio̍h-khì kek-bēng
* Bu̍t-kè kek-bēng, siong-gia̍p kek-bēng
 | * kang-gia̍p kek-bēng
	+ Tē-it-chhù kang-gia̍p kek-bēng
	+ Tē-jī-chhù kang-gia̍p kek-bēng
	+ Tē-saⁿ-chhù kang-gia̍p kek-bēng
	+ Tē-sì-chhù kang-gia̍p kek-bēng
* Tng to̍k-chhâi chiâⁿ-chò sū-si̍t, kek-bēng chiū sī gī-bū
* Hō͘-sòaⁿ Kek-bēng
 |   |

Chham-khó bûn-hiàn
------------------

1. ↑  Jack Goldstone, "Theories of Revolutions: The Third Generation*,* World Politics *32, 1980:425-53*
2. ↑  John Foran, "Theories of Revolution Revisited: Toward a Fourth Generation", *Sociological Theory* 11, 1993:1-20
3. ↑  Clifton B. Kroeber, *Theory and History of Revolution*, Journal of World History 7.1, 1996: 21-40

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