**Tshàm-hûn** (Tshàm-hûn huat-su, Tshàm kong; 1915-nî 11-gue̍h 24-ji̍t－2009-nî 3-gue̍h 7-ji̍t), sio̍k-ka sènn Tsô (曹), huì Huē-bûn (會汶), Tiong-kok tang-pak jîn-sū. Huat-miâ Sîng-khong (成空), hō Sim-gua̍t (心月), tsū-hō Tshàm-hûn (懺雲). Tsing-tshî kài-lu̍t [zh], suan-iông Tsīng-thóo tsong [en] (淨土宗), tshòng-kiàn Liân-in sī (蓮因寺). Sī Tâi-uân Hu̍t-kàu kài tsiânn tshut-miâ ê huat-su, sìn-tsiòng lóng tsun-tshing i uî Tshàm kong (懺公).

Sing-pîng
---------

Tshàm-hûn huat-su tshut-sì teh Tiong-kok Tang-pak Hōng-thian síng kah Hân-kok kau-kài ê sóo-tsāi, Ah-lio̍k kan kang-puān An-tong Tsô-sī sè-ka, tio̍h-sī khiā tī kin-á-ji̍t ê Liâu-lîng-síng Tan-tong-tshī. Liáu-āu suá-ki Tāi-liân-tshī. A-kong Tsô Tik-sīng (曹德盛), a-má Iông Tāi-liân (楊大蓮); lāu-pē Tsô Tsùn-bîng (曹駿明, Tsô Kok-tsīng (曹國靖)) pat tam-jīm An-tong siong-bū huē-tiúnn; siok-ka koh-ū tuā-hiann, jī-hiann, tuā-muē Huē-hiân (會賢), sió-muē, sió-tī Huē-tsiong (會漳), Tshàm kong pâi-hâng tē-3. Sió-tī Huē-tsiong pat-teh Suann-tang lông-gia̍p tāi-ha̍k lông-gia̍p huà-ha̍k-hē jīm-kàu, mā ha̍k hu̍t iú-nî.

### Kiû-ha̍k būn-huat

Tsiū-to̍k tiong-ha̍k kî-kan, in-uī lāu-pē phuà-pēñ pat puàñ-tn̂g-hioh ha̍k-gia̍p. Tsāi ka sî, tio̍h tsuan-kuàn teh uē sū-lí tôo, uî ji̍t-āu huē-tsè se-hong sam sìng-siōng tiān-tīng ki-tshóo. Iah-pat liû-ha̍k Ji̍t-pún, ha̍k-si̍p bí-su̍t; in-uī lāu-pē pēnn-guî huán-kok suah-lâi tsi̍h-tsām ha̍k-gia̍p. 1938-nî, 24-huè teh Tāi-liân siong-gia̍p ha̍k-tn̂g kui-i Liáu-in (了因) huat-su ha̍k-hu̍t. 1940-nî 26-huè teh Mukden Tsû-un sī (慈恩寺), Siu-ên (修緣) lāu huê-siūñ tsō-hā píng-siū ngóo-kài. 1941-nî, 27-huè í Bông-sam (蒙山) huat-pún si-si̍t (施食) huat-mn̂g uî pún, tshú-āu í Bông-sam uî siông-khò. 1942-nî, 28-huè tang-thinn teh Lîng-suí sī (凌水寺) uî Bîng-lóng (明朗) lāu huê-siūnn sàng tsiong, lāu huê-siūnn lîm-tsiong siong-kò: "Huē-bûn (會汶): sè-kan kai ké, kip-sok pān-tong it-tshè, tshut-ke siu-hīng! (會汶：世間皆假，急速辦當 一切，出家修行!). 1943-nî, 29-huè king-iû Síng-thim (省琛) lāu huê-siūnn kài-siāu, tsū An-tong tsì Pak-pîng Tsīng-liân sī (淨蓮寺) an-ki.

### Siū Upasampadā

1944-nî, 30-huè tsìn-ji̍p Pak-pîng Tsiu Siok-ka (周叔迦) ki-sū teh Suī-ìng sī (瑞應寺) tshòng-pān tsi Tiong-kok Hu̍t-kàu ha̍k-īnn (1940－1956), kiû-ha̍k 4-nî. Tī 30-huè tsit-nî teh Pak-pîng Kóng-tsè sī (廣濟寺) 出家 siū Upasampadā (具足戒). Lé Sū-puê (澍培) huat-su tsiok-huat (祝髮), huat-miâ Sîng-khong (成空), hō Sim-gua̍t (心月). Tsit-nî kah-sin nî tang-thinn tsiân-óng Kóng-tsè sī (廣濟寺), i Pó-huâ thuân-sîng tē-18 tāi thuân kài huê-siūñ Iông-uān (融緣) huat-su, karma ācārya (羯摩阿闍黎) Iông-tsè (融濟) huat-su, kàu-siū ācārya Tō-guân (道源) huat-su tíng-tíng tāi-tik líng-siū kài-huat. 1948-nî (Bîn-kok 37-nî) khí-tîng lâm-hā tiâu-lé Lîng-pho Ashoka sī (阿育王寺), Soo-tsiu Hân-san sī (寒山寺), Soo-tsiu Pò-kok sī (報國寺), Siōng-hái Tsīng-an sī (靜安寺), Lîng-hái (能海) tāi-su Kim-kong tō-tiûñ tíng-tíng ê sóo-tsāi. Tsit-nî hā-thiñ, tsì Hok-tsiu tshin-tsing Tsû-tsiu (慈舟) tāi-su.

### Tang-tōo Tâi-uân

1949-nî, 35-huè suî Kok-bîn tsìng-hú thiat-thè lâi Tâi-uan. Tī 1956-nî, 42-huè kah tē-tsú teh Tâi-uan Lâm-tâu kuān Poo-lí tìn Kuan-in suañ tah-kiàn Ìn-hông (印弘) bâu-pông, in 87 tsuí-tsai, thóo-tsio̍h pang-lo̍h jî-lai huí-tiāu. 1963-nî, 49-huè hām tē-tsú Sìng-in (性因) huat-su teh Tâi-uân Lâm-tâu kuān Tsuí-lí hiong Tíng-khàm tshun tshòng-kiàn Liân-in sī.

### Tshòng-kiàn tsai-kài ha̍k-huē

1966-nî, khai-pān tāi-tsuan tshing-lian tsai-kài ha̍k-huē (齋戒學會). Muí-nî hân-sú ká kok khai-pān Pat-kuan tsai-kài (八關齋戒) tsi̍t-pái, sú-ká muí-tshù nn̄g-kài, hân-ká muí-tshù tsi̍t-kài. Teh Liân-in sī pān-uân nn̄g-piàn liáu-āu, koh-tsài î-suá kî-thann ê biō-sī kè-sio̍k pān-lí, kî-thann biō-sī ū Ka-gī Gī-tik sī (義德寺), Sin-tik Tshuì-piah-giâm sī (翠壁岩寺), Tiong-li̍k Înn-kong sī (圓光寺) lóng pat pān-kuè Pat-kuan tsai-kài. Tshàm-hûn huat-su tshî-lu̍t sīm-giâm, muí-ji̍t 4-tiám liáu-āu, Liân-in sī put-liû lú-tsiòng, mā bē-tàng lâu lú-tsiòng, iah bē-tàng kuè-mê. In-tshú tsai-kài ha̍k-huē lu-tsiòng pōo uí-thok Lâm-tâu kuān Tik-san tìn Tik-san sī (德山寺), Ka-gī kuānTik-kiā hiong Gī-tik sī (義德寺)、Lâm-tâu kuān Poo-lí tìn Lâm-lîm tsing-sià (南林精舍) tíng sī hia̍p-pān Pat-kuan tsai-kài ua̍h-tāng. Āu-lâi teh Lâm-tâu Poo-lí kiàn-siat Lú-tsiòng Liân-in ha̍k-īnn (蓮音學苑), lú-tsiòng Tsai-kài piān teh tsia pān-lí. Kah kok tāi-tsuan ha̍k-īnn ê Hu̍t-ha̍k siā bi̍t-tshiat kau-liû,ting-ki tīng-kî kú-pān Hu̍t-7.

### Uân-tsi̍k

Tshàm-hûn huat-su tī 2009-nî 3-gue̍h 7-ji̍t lîng-sîn 1-tiám, teh Tâi-uan Lâm-tâu kuān Tsuí-lí hiong Tíng-khàm tshun Liân-in sī tsū-tshî liâu uân-tsi̍p, hiáng-siū 94-huè, 3-gue̍h 9-ji̍t tshiáñ Bōng-tsham (夢參) tiúñ-ló hong-kuan, 3-gue̍h 27-ji̍t iû Kó-tshing (果清) lu̍t-su gia̍h hué jhāpita (hué-huà).

Kòng-hiàn kah íng-hióng
-----------------------

Tshàm-hûn huat-su tshî kài giâm-kín, "í kài uî su" (以戒為師), it-sim suan-iông tsīng-thóo (淨土). "Lé-hu̍t" (禮佛) hām "Hòng bông-san" (放蒙山) lóng sī muí-ji̍t siu-hīng tsi kong-khò. The̍h-tshiong siōng-liām (誦唸) A-mí-tōo hu̍t (阿彌陀佛) hu̍t-hō, huat-su huē-tsè tsi "Se-hong sam sìng-siōng" (西方三聖像) tsong-giâm tshing-lē, uî tsuân-kiû siōng liû-thong tsiá, huat-su siōng-liām tsi "Lio̍k jī pai hu̍t" (六字拜佛) ūn-tiau iah-sī kok tō-tiûnn kú-pān Hu̍t-7 tiānn-tiānn sú-iōng, sī Tsīng-thóo tsong (淨土宗) teh Tâi-uân ki̍k-uî tiōng-iàu ê huat-su. Huat-su 30-huè tshut-ke liáu-āu, tsik hîng "Kuè ngóo put si̍t" (過午不食) tsi kài-lu̍t, bô tsi̍t-kang thîng-tiāu. Huat-su tuì tē-tsú ê hùn-liān mā sī i-huat "kái-hîng pīng tiōng" (解行並重), lî-tshiánn koh-khah kok tāi-ha̍k Hu̍t-ha̍k siā lâi-óng bi̍t-tshiat; teh tō-ín tshing-liân ha̍k hu̍t siōng, kòng-hiàn liâng-to.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  10月18日為懺雲法師農曆生日。 (Hàn-gí)
2. 1 2 3 4 5 6  懺雲法師,"懺雲和尚開示錄"(第1/2/3輯),財團法人佛陀教育基金會,2014年8月. (Hàn-gí)
3. 1 2 3  懺公上人簡傳 Archived 2016-11-09 at the Wayback Machine. 蓮因寺資訊網
4. 1 2  寺院丛林,"莲因寺"[*íng-íng bô-hāu ê liân-kiat*],佛教百科.
5. ↑  佛陀教育基金會 編輯,"略述親聞慈舟大師數事",<慈舟大師法彚>--慈舟大師紀念集,pp.63-66,臺北,財團法人佛陀教育基金會,2014-07.
6. ↑  宣化上人講述,"大乘起信論淺釋" Archived 2021-08-14 at the Wayback Machine.美國萬佛聖城,1971年. (Hàn-gí)
7. ↑  李玉珍,"雲水不住──曉雲法師的比丘尼典範" Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine.曉雲法師思想行誼研討會暨第十三屆國際佛教教育文化研討會,台北石碇,2006年10月.
8. ↑  蓮因寺,"蓮因寺聲明啟事" Archived 2021-08-13 at the Wayback Machine.人間福報,2003.10.27. (Hàn-gí)
9. ↑  蓮因寺網路全球念佛共修,"懺雲法師簡介""存档副本". goân-loē-iông tī 2009-02-13 hőng khó͘-pih. 2010-09-29 khòaⁿ--ê.
10. 1 2  懺雲法師,"懺雲法師圓寂""存档副本". goân-loē-iông tī 2011-07-21 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-03-22 khòaⁿ--ê. ,Yahoo!奇摩部落.
11. 1 2  眾善奉行．日起有功,"迴向懺雲法師成就正覺" Archived 2015-12-23 at the Wayback Machine.台大獅子吼佛學專站. (Hàn-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Nirvana
* Tiong-kok huat-ha̍k-īnn (中國佛學院)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* 懺公上人簡傳 Archived 2021-09-29 at the Wayback Machine.
* 蓮因寺資訊網Archived 2018-05-25 at the Wayback Machine. (Hàn-gí)
* 蓮因寺網路全球念佛共修 (Hàn-gí)
* 懺公上人簡傳 (Hàn-gí)
* 佛學多媒體資料庫 > 演講錄音 > 懺雲法師Archived 2019-06-14 at the Wayback Machine. (Hàn-gí)
* YouTube YouTube téng ê **(05)上人超度父母之因緣－懺雲老和尚** ê iáⁿ-phìⁿ (Hàn-gí)
* YouTube YouTube téng ê **懺公上人與夢參長老座談** ê iáⁿ-phìⁿ (Hàn-gí)
* 蓮因寺: 釋經律論Archived 2021-08-13 at the Wayback Machine. (Hàn-gí)