**Montana** sī Bí-kok ê chi̍t-ê chiu. Siú-hú tī Helena. Siāng toā ê siâⁿ-chhī sī Billings.

Tē-hō-miâ
---------

Montana chit jī sī tùi Se-pan-gâ-gí *Montaña* hō--lâi, ì-sù sī "soaⁿ" he̍k-chiá "soaⁿ-tē", "soaⁿ-khu".

Tī se-pō͘ ê soaⁿ-khu, chá-kî sī hō͘ Se-pan-gâ thàm-hiám-chiá hō chò *Montaña del Norte*. Eng-gí ê Montana chit jī, tāi-seng sī Ohio ê James Ashley chú-chhî ê Bí-kok Chham-gī-īⁿ Léng-thó͘ Úi-oân-hōe (*United States House Committee on Territories*) tī chiam-tùi sin-siat Idaho Léng-thó͘ ê hoat-àn lāi-bīn sú-iōng--ê. Tong-sî hō͘ kî-tha ê chi̍t kóa chham-gī-oân hoán-tùi, lí-iû sī Montana "bô ì-sù". Kàu 1864 nî, beh tùi Idaho pun chhut sin léng-thó͘ ê sî-chūn, Ashley koh chi̍t pái chhái-ēng Montana, m̄-koh iû-goân siū tio̍h hoán-tùi, pí-lūn gī-oân Samuel Cox jīn-ûi chia tōa-hūn só͘-chāi lóng m̄-sī soaⁿ-tē, jî-chhiá jīn-ûi ēng goân-chū-bîn ê miâ pí Se-pan-gâ miâ khah hó-sè. Tong-sî ia̍h ū lâng thê chhut Shoshone, chóng-sī tè-bé chūn koat-tēng chiàu Léng-thó͘ Úi-goân-hōe ê ì-kiàn sú-iōng Montana.

Tē-lí
-----

Montana sī Bí-kok biān-chek pâi tē-4 ê chiu-hūn, lóng-chóng 380,800 pêng-hong-bí, tī i thâu-chêng sī Alaska (siāng-tōa), Texas, kap California. Pún chiu ùi pak-pêng 877 kong-lí tn̂g ê pian-kài, si kap Kha-ná-tah ê British Columbia, Alberta, kap Saskatchewan 3-ê séng sio-chiap; lēng-gōa ùi i tang-pêng sī kâng-kok ê North Dakota chham South Dakota, lâng pêng sī Wyoming, sai-pêng kiam sai-lâm sī Idaho.

Le̍k-sú
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Montana khah-chá sī chi̍t kóa goân-chū bîn-cho̍k teh seng-oa̍h. Au-chiu-lâng kap Bí-kok ê khui-khún-chiá kòe--lâi liáu-áu só͘ gū tio̍h ê pō͘-cho̍k ū tiong-lâm-pō͘ ê Crow; tang-lâm-pêng ê Cheyenne; koh ū tiong-pō͘ kiam tiong-pak-pō͘ ê Blackfeet, Assiniboine kap Gros Ventres; chham sai-pêng ê Kootenai kap Salish; lēng-gōa mā ǔ ti Flathead Ô͘ ê Pend d'Oreille kap sai-pêng soaⁿ-tē ê Kalispel.

Montana óa tāi-lio̍k hun-kài (*continental divide*) tang-pêng ê hit pō͘-hūn, sī hâm tī 1803 nî Louisiana Siu-bé lāi-té.

Tong It-chhù Tāi-chiàn hoat-seng ê sî, Montana chhut-sin ê Bí-kok thâu chi̍t ūi lú-seng kok-hōe gī-oân Jeannette Rankin hoan-tùi soan-chiàn, m̄-koh siū tio̍h chāi-tē lâng phó͘-phiàn phoe-phêng, hit chūn chi-chhî chham-chiàn sī chú-liû ì-kiàn. Tùi 1917 nî kàu 1918 nî kî-kan ū 40,000 lâng hong chio ji̍p kun-tūi.

Bí-kok tī 1941 nî 12 goe̍h 8 ji̍t ka-ji̍p Jī-chhù Tāi-chiàn ê sî, í-keng chin chē lâng tâu-kun, koh tī soan-chiàn liáu-āu thâu nî sin ji̍p 40,000 lâng ji̍p-iâⁿ; kàu chiàn-cheng kiat-sok hit chūn, í-keng 57,000 lâng cho-peng, sī kui-chiu jîn-kháu ê 10%, kî-tiong mā bōe chió sī goân-chū-bîn, pau-koat chham-ú Bi̍t-bé káng-chiá (Code talker) ê Crow-kok (Crow Nation) cho̍k-lâng.

Léng-chiàn sî-kî, Montana hoat-tián chò Bí-kok khong-kun Kun-sū Khong-tiong Ūn-su Pō͘-mn̂g (*Military Air Transport Service*) ê chóng-pō͘.

Jîn-kháu
--------

Chiàu Bí-kok Phó͘-cha Kio̍k ê ko͘-sǹg, Montana tī 2015 nî 7 goe̍h chhe 1 ê jîn-kháu ū 1,032,949, pí 2010 nî Bí-kok Phó͘-cha ê thóng-kè ke 4.40%.

Keng-chè
--------

Montana tī 2014 nî ê GDP sī 44,269 pa̍h-bān bí-kim. Chiàu 2015 nî ê chu-liāu, pún chiu siāng-chē lâng chò ê khang-khòe sī kiān-khong chiàu-kò͘ kap siā-hōe hû-chō͘ (*health care and social assistance*) sán-gia̍p.

Montana tī 2015 nî kui tang ê n̂g-tāu sán-liōng ū 10.3 pa̍h-bān tòng.

Kau-thong
---------

Chū 1880 nî-tāi khai-sí, thih-lō͘ chiū sī Montana tiōng-iàu ê ūn-su hong-sek. Le̍k-sú-siōng keng-kòe pún tē-hng ê tang-sai hong-hiòng khoah chiu lō͘-sòaⁿ chú-iàu ū Milwaukee Lō͘ (*Milwaukee Road*), Tōa Pak-hng (*Great Northern*), kap Pak-hng Thài-pêng-iûⁿ (*Northern Pacific*). King-á-ji̍t tī Montana siāng tōa ê thih-lō͘ lō͘-sòaⁿ sī BNSF Railway, sī tùi chá-chêng Tōa Pak-hng kè-sio̍k--lâi-ê. Tī Montana se-pō͘, koh ū Montana RailLink, choan-bûn teh keng-êng í-chá sio̍k Pah-hng Thài-pêng-iûⁿ ê hē-thóng. Amtrak ê Empire Builder lia̍t-chhia mā tùi pak-pêng keng-kòe Montana.

Su-chì
------

* "Congressional Globe, 38th Congress, 1st session". Library of Congress. March 17, 1864. April 1, 2013 khòaⁿ--ê.
* "Granite Peak". National Geodetic Survey. 2008. March 28, 2013 khòaⁿ--ê.

Chù-kha
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1. ↑  "United States Summary: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts, 2010 Census of Population and Housing" (PDF) (PDF). United States Census Bureau. September 2012. p. 41 (Table 18). April 11, 2014 khòaⁿ--ê.
2. ↑  "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. June 22, 2017. June 22, 2017 khòaⁿ--ê.
3. ↑  "Median Annual Household Income". *The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation*. December 9, 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.
4. 1 2  National Geodetic Survey 2008.
5. 1 2  Geological Survey 2001.
6. ↑  Montana Historical Society (1910). *Contributions to the Historical Society of Montana*. Rocky Mountain Publishing Company. pp. 47–.
7. 1 2  Malone, Roeder & Lang 1991, pp. 95–96.
8. 1 2  Sanders 1910, pp. 15–60.
9. 1 2  Library of Congress 1864.
10. ↑  "Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015" (CSV). U.S. Census Bureau. December 26, 2015. December 26, 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.
11. ↑  Total Gross Domestic Product by State for Montana, FRED.
12. ↑  "Major industries with highest employment, by state, 1990-2015". *Bureau of Labor Statistics*. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2016-08-05. 2017-01-23 khòaⁿ--ê.
13. ↑  "U.S. Yield & Production: Production by State". *SoyStats*. The American Soybean Association. 2017-02-16 khòaⁿ--ê.

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