recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
Chopin ê siòng-phìⁿ kap chhiam-miâChopin's signature
**Frédéric François Chopin** (Pho-lân-bûn: **Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin**; 1810 nî 3 goe̍h 1 ji̍t – 1849 nî 10 goe̍h 17 ji̍t) sī Pho-lân ê chok-khek-ka kiam kǹg-khîm-ka. I sī le̍k-sú siōng siōng ū éng-hióng-le̍k jî-chhiáⁿ iā siōng siū-tio̍h hoan-gêng ê kǹg-khîm chok-khek-ka chi-it; i tông-sî iā sī Pho-lân im-ga̍k le̍k-sú siōng chòe tiōng-iàu ê jîn-bu̍t chi-it. Chopin sī Au-chiu 19 sè-kí lōng-bān-phài im-ga̍k ê tāi-piáu jîn-bu̍t.

Chopin ê pē-bú hun-pia̍t sī Hoat-kok-lâng kap Pho-lân-lâng, i kò-jîn chiâⁿ-si̍t ê chhut-sì ji̍t-kî bo̍k-chêng iû-goân chûn-chāi cheng-gī. Chopin chū sè-hàn chiū chin kah-ì Pho-lân bîn-cho̍k im-ga̍k; i tī 7 hòe ê sî-chūn chiū chhòng-chok liáu Pho-lân bú-khek; 8 hòe sî teng-tâi ián-chhut; 20 hòe bô-kàu chiū í-keng chhut-miâ ah. Chopin tī 39 hòe chiū eng-liân chá-sē, i āu-pòaⁿ-sì-lâng chú-iàu tī Hoat-kok seng-oa̍h; tī hia, i chhòng-chok chhut chē-chē kǹg-khîm chok-phín; pí-lūn-kóng, 4 siú sū-sū-khek, 10-gōa siú Pho-lân bú-khek pau-koat *Kun-tūi* kap *Eng-hiông*, 26 siú kǹg-khîm khek-thâu pau-koat *Hō͘-tih*, 27 siú liān-si̍p-khek pau-koat *Lī-pia̍t* kap *Kek-bēng*, 4 pō͘ scherzo, 3 pō͘ kǹg-khîm sonata, chì-chió 22 siú nocturne kap 59 siú mazurka téng-téng. Chopin it-seng ê chhòng-chok chok-phín tōa-pòaⁿ lóng sī kǹg-khîm-khek, in-chhú pī lâng hō-chò **kǹg-khîm si-jîn**.
**Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán Tóng léng-tō ê to-tóng ha̍p-chok kap chèng-tī hia̍p-siong chè-tō͘**, kán-chheng **chèng-tī hia̍p-siong chè-tō͘** (政治協商制度), sī Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok hiān-hêng ê chèng-tóng chè-tō͘, í-ki̍p thui-sak ê ki-pún chèng-tī chè-tō͘ chi-it.

Kin-kì chit-ê chè-tō͘, Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán Tóng sī Tiong-kok ê ûi-it chip-chèng-tóng, peh ê bîn-chú tóng-phài tī chiap-siū Tiong-kiōng ê léng-tō hā, ū chham-chèng-tóng (參政黨) ê tē-ūi. Tiong-kiōng tùi bîn-chú tóng-phài chìn-hêng "chèng-tī léng-tō", chiū sī Tiong-kiōng thong-kòe chèng-tī hia̍p-siong ê hong-sek sòe-ho̍k bîn-chú tóng-phài tī chèng-tī goân-chek, chèng-tī hong-hiòng kap tiōng-tāi hong-chiam chèng-chhek siōng hām Tiong-kiōng pó-chhî it-tì. M̄-koh, Tiong-kiōng bē-sái bēng-lēng, kan-sia̍p he̍k-chiá khòng-chè bîn-chú tóng-phài, eng-tong pó-chèng bîn-chú tóng-phài ê cho͘-chit to̍k-li̍p kap hoat-lu̍t tē-ūi pêng-téng, bē-tàng kan-jiáu bîn-chú tóng-phài ê to̍k-li̍p-sèng kap ji̍t-siông sū-bū.
**Kok-ka Ōe-seng Gián-kiù-īⁿ** (國家衛生研究院), kán-chheng **Kok-ōe-īⁿ** (國衛院) ia̍h **Kok-ka Ōe-seng-īⁿ** (國家衛生院), sī Tâi-oân ê i-io̍h kap ōe-seng gián-kiù ki-koan, sio̍k kong-siat ê châi-thoân hoat-jîn. Tī Biâu-le̍k-koān Tek-lâm-tìn, sio̍k-î Sin-tek Kho-ha̍k Hn̂g-khu ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn. Siāng-chá ê sêng-li̍p kò͘-sióng sī tī 1988 nî, 1996 nî kin-kì *Châi-thoân Hoat-jîn Kok-ka Ōe-seng Gián-kiù-īⁿ Siat-tì Tiâu-lē* (財團法人國家衛生研究院設置條例) chèng-sek sêng-li̍p. Chhòng-li̍p ki-kim lâi-chū chèng-hú koan-chō͘, ta̍k-nî ūn-chok ê chú-iàu keng-hùi mā lâi-chū chèng-hú (Ōe-hok-pō͘).

Kok-ōe-īⁿ chú-iàu gián-kiù ê tùi-siòng sī i-ha̍k, io̍h-bu̍t, ōe-seng ia̍h-sī kî-thaⁿ sèⁿ-miā kho-ha̍k léng-he̍k, í-ki̍p siong-koan ê ki-su̍t, pí-lūn e̍k-biâu gián-hoat. Tû-liáu gián-kiù í-gōa, mā thê-kiong chi̍t-kóa gián-kiù chu-goân, chhin-chhiūⁿ sè-pau-khò͘, Choân-bîn Kiān-pó chu-liāu-khò͘ kap ta̍k-nî chéng-ha̍p-hêng i-io̍h ōe-seng gián-kiù kè-ōe keng-hùi ê pó͘-chō͘, ia̍h-sī chìn-hêng i-ha̍k choan-kho jîn-châi ê hùn-liān. Gián-kiù-īⁿ hù-siat liáu chi̍t chō cGMP seng-bu̍t chè-che-chhiúⁿ, hū-chek e̍k-biâu gián-kiù kap e̍k-biâu sêng-kó kap sán-gia̍p-kài tōa-liōng ê hâm-chiap.
Carl Ludwig Blume ê tù-chok *Collection des Orchidées les plus remarquables de l'archipel Indien et du Japon* chheh-poê
**Carl Ludwig Blume** (1789 nî 6 goe̍h 29 - 1862 nî 2 goe̍h 3), Tek-kok/Kē-tē-kok ê si̍t-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka. Chhut-sì tī Tek-kok Braunschweig, m̄-koh i ê choan-gia̍p seng-gâi chú-iàu tī Kē-tē-kok. Tī Leiden i tam-jīm Kok-ka Si̍t-bu̍t Piau-pún Koán (Rijksherbarium Herbarium) ê chú-jīm. I ê miâ ū-sî toè Kē-tē-gí ê hêng-sek siá chò **Karel Lodewijk Blume**; chóng--sī chū-pún ê Tek-gí miâ siōng chia̍p chhut-hiān tī si̍t-bu̍t-ha̍k bûn-hiàn tang-tiong.

I gián-kiù chē-chē Lâm-a (Tang-lâm-a?) ê si̍t-bu̍t chéng, te̍k-pia̍t sī tī Java (Kē-tē-kok si̍t-bîn-tē) hit-tah-á.

*Blumea* chit ê si̍t-bu̍t-ha̍k ha̍k-su̍t kî-khan hō i ê miâ.

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| Sìn-kù khòng-chè | 
* WorldCat Identities
* VIAF: 8133425
* LCCN: nr00032217
* ISNI: 0000 0000 6316 8661
* GND: 116208228
* SELIBR: 236715
* BPN: 27951182
* NLA: 40412779
* Si̍t-bu̍t-ha̍k-ka: Blume

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**Bęsia** sī chi̍t ê tī Pho-lân Kiōng-hô-kok Warmia-Masuria Séng Olsztyn Kūn Kolno Kong-siā ê chng-thâu.

Chham-oa̍t
----------

* Pho-lân ê chng-thâu

Chham-khó
---------

1. ↑  "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (ēng Pho-lân-gí). 2008-06-01.

Bęsio ojczyzno moja ty jesteś jak zdrowie!

Jak stara lilia na morzu

Jak stara łódka pana Henryka

Jak stary żagiel w sumie też pana Henryka

Jak stary liść w kiblu NIESPUSZCZONY!!!!!!!

Jak na drzwiach kartki z ocenami 

Jak zostawienie w środku karty do drzwi

Jak opozycjonista ruski 

Jak ruch Antifa

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Jak zakaz energetyków

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Jak brud, pył, syf, kiła i mogiła

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Jak butelka w jeziorze Bęsia

Ja lubie Jędrka i Morawieckiego

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Jak Jędrek

Jak Artur

Jak polo

chuj w dupe kadrom ~~no i nam~~ By sie (bęsie) i nice <3

Jak Maja

Jak słoneczko

jak Słońce w nocy

Jak Apap dzień na noc

Jak piosenka "Nie Umieraj Dżdżownico"

Jak scam

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Jak surowe kary

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Jak gówniana karta, która nie otwiera drzwi 

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Jak głupie dziecie co je kanapkę z szynką i dżemem 

Jak UwU

Jak ashuiasuiasa!@W\*SDK

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Jak stary twój stary

jak zasady

Jak Jan Paweł II

Jak Tusk

Jak plemnik

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Jak diss

Jak
Dziś ostatni dzień koloni naszej
Nigdy nie widziałem grupy lepszej niż waszej
Pan Patryk zajęcia z lego prowadzi
A pan Mikołaj w budowie dobrze radzi,
Pan Henryk lubi żeglarstwo
Natomiast Pani Ola woli malarstwo
Pan Robert nauczył nas grać na gitarze
A pan Rafał nazwał nas: młodzi wędkarze
Pani Karolina poprowadziła nas na tropie przygody
A pani Marcelina nauczyła nas jak rozróżniać jagody
Pani maja w boxie każdego porobi,
Pan Radek zdjęcie nam zrobi
Za wszystkim patrzy pani kierownik
Jest dla nas jak wspólny ratownik,
niestety to koniec.... to koniec koloni naszych 
Dziękuje za troskę serc waszych.

Jak twoja mama

Jak szmata w achterpiku na łódce pana Henryka

Jak stare mleko Marcela rozlane

Jak Pana mikołaja szafka z telefonami

Jak stary Lewiatan na uboczu drogi z spleśniałymi czipsami i tanim alkoholem

Jak stare węzły na morzu

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jak TikTok

jak seks bez przymusu przed 15 rokiem życia

Jak Among Us

Jak wikipedia

Jak MS Paint

jak policja

Jak emo

Jak Bydgoszcz

Bęsia jest WSZYSTKIM!!!
| 2006 nî |
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| 1 goe̍h · 2 goe̍h · 3 goe̍h · 4 goe̍h · 5 goe̍h · 6 goe̍h · 7 goe̍h · 8 goe̍h · 9 goe̍h · 10 goe̍h · 11 goe̍h · 12 goe̍h |

10 goe̍h 16
-----------

* Bí-kok kap Lō͘-se-a ê kho-ha̍k-ka chhoē tio̍h siāng tāng ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘ Uuo, goân-chú-hoan 118. 2002 nî bat ū ké-paû ê hoat-hiān, chit pái ū keng-koè khah giân-keh ê khak-jīn. (Reuters)

10 goe̍h 13
-----------

2006 nî ê Nobel Hô-pêng Chióng pan hō͘ Bangladesh ê Muhammad Yunus kap i hoat-khí ê Grameen Gîn-hâng, in-ūi "in chhut-la̍t ùi ē-kha-chân khí-chō keng-chè kap siā-hoē khai-hoat". (Nobel Ki-kim-hoē)

10 goe̍h 9
----------

Google kong-si tng teh hām soàⁿ-téng iáⁿ-phìⁿ bāng-chām YouTube tâm bé-siu, khó-lêng ē ēng kè-ta̍t 16.5-ek bí-kim ê Google kó͘-phiò kā YouTube bé--lo̍h-lâi. Nā kóng-liáu hó-sè, hoān-sè kin-á-ji̍t tō ē kò͘-pe̍h. (WSJ)

10 goe̍h 5
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* Thian-bûn-ha̍k-ka hoat-hiān 1 khoán sin ê thài-iông-hē-goā he̍k-chheⁿ (extrasolar planet) hō chò ke̍k-té-chiu-kî he̍k-chheⁿ (ultra-short-period planet). (BBC)

10 goe̍h 4
----------

2006 nî ê Nobel Hoà-ha̍k Chióng pan hō͘ Bí-kok Stanford Tāi-ha̍k ê Roger D. Kornberg. I gián-kiù chin-he̍k sè-pau tī hun-chú chân-chhù ê choán-lio̍k (*transcription*) thêng-sū. (Nobel Ki-kim-hoē)

10 goe̍h 3
----------

2006 nî ê Nobel Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k Chióng pan hō͘ Bí-kok ê John C. Mather kap George F. Smoot. In "hoat-hiān ú-tiū bî-pho poē-kéng hok-siā (*cosmic microwave background radiation*) ê o͘-thé (*black body*) hêng-sek kap i ê *anisotropy*". (Nobel Ki-kim-hoē)

10 goe̍h 2
----------

2006 nî ê Nobel Seng-lí-ha̍k I-ha̍k Chióng pan hō͘ Andrew Z. Fire kap Craig C. Mello 2 lâng. In "hoat-hiān RNA kan-jiáu (*interference*): siang-tiâu RNA [ē-tàng] kā gene (ki-in) kuiⁿ-tiāu". (Nobel Ki-kim-hoē)
**Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe** (中國中央電視台春節聯歡晚會), kán-chheng **Iong-sī Chhun-boán** (央視春晚), sī Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi ūi-tio̍h beh khèng-chiok kū-le̍k sin-nî, ùi 1983 nî khí tī ta̍k-nî ê jī-káu-mê ám-sî kí-pān ê tiān-sī chong-ha̍p boán-hōe. Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi, Tiong-iong Jîn-bîn Kóng-pò͘ Tiān-tâi, Tiong-kok Kok-chè Kóng-pò͘ Tiān-tâi kap kî-thaⁿ choa̍t tōa pō͘-hūn ê Tiong-kok tē-hng tiān-sī-tâi lóng ē hiān-tiûⁿ hòng-sàng chit-ê boán-hōe. Iong-sī Chhun-boán sī Tiong-kok koan-chù-tō͘ siāng koân ê tiān-sī chiat-bo̍k chi it, mā hō͘ Kim-sī Sè-kài Kì-lio̍k jīn-chèng chò sè-kài siōng koan-chiòng jîn-sò͘ siāng chē ê chiat-bo̍k.

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| * hián
* lūn
* pian
Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi Chhun-cheh Liân-hoan Boán-hōe |
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| Le̍k-kài | 
1983 nî ·
1984 nî ·
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| Jîn-bu̍t | N̂g It-ho̍k ·Hah Bûn ·Jiám Siáu-pêng ·Pâng Siáu-kong ·Iûⁿ Tong-seng |

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**Phó͘-Hoat Chiàn-cheng**, mā hō **Tek-Hoat Chiàn-cheng** (tek. *Deutsch-Französischer Krieg*) ia̍h **Hoat-Tek Chiàn-cheng** (hoat. *Guerre franco-allemande*), sī 1870 nî khí Tē-jī Hoat-lân-se Tè-kok (Hoat-kok) tùi Phó͘-ló͘-su Ông-kok (Phó͘-kok) só͘ chhōa-thâu ê Pak Tek-ì-chì Pang-liân (*Norddeutscher Bund*) ê chiàn-cheng.

Khí-in
------

1866 nî 7 goeh 3 ji̍t, siú-siōng Otto von Bismarck chhōa-thâu ê Phó͘-kok tī Königgrätz Chiàn-tò͘ chiong Ò-tē-lī phah-pāi (Phó͘-Ò Chiàn-cheng). Siū Phó͘-kok chiàn-kó ê éng-hióng, Hoat-kok ê koaⁿ-liâu kiàn-gī Hoat-kok hông-tè Napoleon 3-sè hiòng Phó͘-kok hoat-peng chó͘-gāi Phó͘-kok.

Tōng-oân
--------

Hoat-kok tī 1870 nî 7 goe̍h 15 ji̍t gī-koat chiàn-cheng sìn-chioh liáu-āu, ùi 19 hō hiòng Phó͘-kok soan-chiàn.

Phó͘-kok chong-kun Helmuth von Moltke tī 8 goe̍h 3 ji̍t ê sî, í-kēng tī Hoat-Tek pian-kài phòe-tì liáu 320,000 lâng pō͘-tūi.

Chiàn-tò͘
---------

* Wissembourg
* Spicheren
* Wörth
* Borny–Colombey
* Strasbourg
* Toul
* Mars-la-Tour
* Gravelotte
* Metz
* Beaumont
* Noisseville
* Bazeilles
* Sedan
* Bellevue
* Coulmiers
* Havana
* Amiens
* Beaune-la-Rolande
* Villepion
* Loigny et Poupry
* Beaugency
* Hallue
* Bapaume
* Villersexel
* Le Mans
* Lisaine
* St. Quentin
* Pa-lí
	+ Châtillon
* Belfort

Chham-chiàu
-----------

### Su-chì

* Wawro, Geoffrey (2003). *The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France in 1870–1871*. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-33728-4.

### Chù-kha

1. ↑  Wawro 2003, 1 Causes of the Franco-Prussian War
2. 1 2  Wawro 2003, 3 Mobilization for War
**Bo̍h Sū-lîn** (莫士麟, Oa̍t-lâm-gí: Mạc Sĩ Lân, Thài-kok-gí: ม่อซื่อหลิน, 1700 nî  – 1780 nî ), mā thang kiò chò **Bo̍h Chong** (鄚琮, Mạc Tông, Khmer-gí: ម៉ាក់ តុង), **Bo̍h Thian-sù** (鄚天賜, Mạc Thiên Tứ, ម៉ាក់ ធានទឺ) ia̍h **Bo̍h Thian-sek** (鄚天錫, Mạc Thiên Tích), sī Hà Tiên (Hô-sian) chóng-tok, 1736 nî kàu 1771 nî kap 1773 nî kàu 1777 nî chāi-jīm. Kampuchea bûn-hiàn kiò i **Neak Somdec Preah Sotoat** (អ្នកសម្ដចព្រះសុទត្ដ), Siam-lô (Thài-kok) ê bûn-hiàn kiò i **Phraya Rachasethi Yuan** (พระยาราชาเศรษฐี ญวน) ia̍h **Ong Chien Chun** (องเชียงชุน).

Bo̍h Sū-lîn sī Bo̍h Kiú ê toā-kiáⁿ, tī 1736 nî kè-jīm Hà Tiên chóng-tok, hō͘ Nguyễn Phúc Chú chhek-hong chò *Tông Đức hầu* (琮德侯, Chong-tek Hâu). Chāi-jīm ê sî-kî, chiong Hà Tiên hoat-tián sêng Thài-kok-oan ê tiōng-iàu káng-kháu. 1739 nî, i pang-chān Outey 2-sè toa̍t kàu Kampuchea ông-ūi.

1767 nî, Bián-tiān bia̍t-bông Ayutthaya Ông-kok, Thai Sa ê sun-á Chao Chui cháu lâi Hà Tiên. Siam-lô kok-ông Taksin iau-kiû kau chhut Chao Chui, hō͘ i kī-choa̍t. 1771 nî, Taksin phài Phraya Phiphit (Tân Liân) chiàm-niá, i cháu khì Trấn Giang (kin-á-ji̍t Cần Thơ), 1773 nî chiah tńg lâi Hà Tiên.

Bo̍h Sū-lîn tī Oa̍t-lâm loē-chiàn lāi-bīn chi-chhî Nguyễn Chú, hoán-tùi Tây Sơn Tiâu. Nguyễn Chú bia̍t-bông í-āu, i cháu khì Siam-lô, siū kàu Taksin ê siu-liû. 1780 nî, i siūⁿ-beh cháu tńg Hà Tiên, hō͘ Taksin lia̍h khí-lâi sím-mn̄g. I tī kaⁿ-lô lāi-bīn chū-sat.

Ka-cho̍k
--------

Bo̍h Sū-lîn ū chin chē kiáⁿ-jî, pau-koat:

* Kiáⁿ:
	+ Bo̍h Chú-hông (鄚子潢, Mạc Tử Hoàng)
	+ Bo̍h Chú-iông (鄚子溶, Mạc Tử Dung) *ia̍h* Bo̍h Chú-iân (鄚子沿, Mạc Tử Duyên)
	+ Bo̍h Chú-tóng (鄚子淌, Mạc Tử Thảng)
	+ Bo̍h Chú-seng (鄚子泩, Mạc Tử Sanh)
	+ Bo̍h Chú-chùn (鄚子浚, Mạc Tử Tuấn)
	+ Bo̍h Chú-thiam (鄚子添, Mạc Tử Thiêm)
* Cha-bó͘-kiáⁿ:
	+ Bo̍h--sī Liông (鄚氏隆, Mạc Thị Long)
	+ Bo̍h--sī Tâi (鄚氏咍, Mạc Thị Hai)
	+ Bo̍h--sī Kak (鄚氏灚, Mạc Thị Giác)

Chù-kái
-------

1. ↑  "ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រប្រទេសកម្ពុជា-ជំពូកទី៣" (ēng Khmer-gí).
2. 1 2  Ooi 2004, p. 806
3. ↑  Cooke & Li 2004, p. 44–46
4. 1 2  *Việt Nam sử lược*, Quyển 2, Tự chủ thời đại, Chương 6
5. 1 2 3  *Đại Nam liệt truyện tiền biên*, vol. 6
6. 1 2  *Hà Tiên trấn Hiệp trấn Mạc thị gia phả*
7. ↑  พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงธนบุรี

Chham-khó
---------

* Coedes, George (1966), *The making of South East Asia*, University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-05061-7
* Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana (2004), *Water frontier: commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong Region, 1750-1880*, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 978-0-7425-3083-6
* Ooi, Keat Gin (2004), "Mac Thien Tu (1780-1800)", *Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, Volume 1*, ABC-CLIO, pp. 806–807, ISBN 1-57607-770-5
**Tē-jī-chhù sán-gia̍p** (第二次產業), he̍k-chiá **kang-gia̍p** (工業), sī í seng-sán sán-phín ûi-chú ê sán-gia̍p. Tē-jī-chhù sán-gia̍p toā-poàⁿ ē í tē-it-chhù sán-gia̍p ia̍h-sī kî-thaⁿ chè-chō-siong ê sán-phín lâi chò-ûi i-ê goân-liāu; só͘ chè-chō chhut-lâi ê siong-phín khó-lêng ē chhut-kháu ia̍h-sī hoàn-bē hō͘ it-poaⁿ ê kheh-hō͘, mā ū khó-lêng ē chiâⁿ-chò kî-thaⁿ chè-chō-siong ê goân-liāu. Tē-jī-chhù sán-gia̍p koh ē-sái hun-chò kheng-kang-gia̍p kap tāng-kang-gia̍p. Tī kā goân-liāu ka-kang chò sán-phín ê kòe-têng tiong, khó-lêng ē siau-hàu toā-liōng ê lêng-goân, iā ē su-iàu kang-chhiúⁿ kap ki-hâi siat-pī, sīm-chì iáu-koh ū hòe-khì goân-bu̍t-liāu ia̍h-sī hòe-jia̍t téng-téng khó-lêng ē éng-hióng khoân-kéng kap chō-sêng u-jiám ê būn-tê. Put-kò, tē-it-chhù kap tē-saⁿ-chhù sán-gia̍p lóng su-iàu tē-jī-chhù sán-gia̍p ê chi-chhî.

Siong-koan
----------

* Sán-gia̍p
* Tē-it-chhù sán-gia̍p
* Tē-saⁿ-chhù sán-gia̍p
* Tē-sì-chhù sán-gia̍p
* Tē-gō͘-chhù sán-gia̍p
***Bûn-hòa Chu-sán Pó-chûn Hoat*** (文化資產保存法), kán-chheng ***Bûn-chu-hoat*** (文資法), sī Tâi-oân Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú ūi-tio̍h beh pó-chûn bûn-hòa chu-sán, chhiong-si̍t kok-bîn cheng-sîn seng-oa̍h, kap hoat-iông to-goân bûn-hòa só͘ li̍p ê hoat-lu̍t. It-chhè bûn-hòa chu-sán ê pó-chûn, î-hō͘, soan-iông, kap khoân-lī choán-î lóng-chóng ài chiàu chit tiâu hoat-lu̍t ê kui-tēng lâi chò; bô kui-tēng ê pō͘-hūn, chiàu kî-thaⁿ siong-koan hoat-lu̍t ê kui-tēng. *Bûn-chu-hoat* siāng chá tī 1982 nî chè-tēng; 2005 nî chìn-hêng chéng-thé-sèng kap kiat-kò͘-sèng ê siu-hoat; 2016 nî chìn-hêng choân-bûn siu-chèng, hiān-sî chóng-kiōng ū 11 chiong 113 tiâu.

Kin-kì siāng sin ê *Bûn-chu-hoat* lōe-iông, bûn-hòa chu-sán sī keng-kòe chí-tēng ia̍h teng-lio̍k ê kok-chióng ū kè-ta̍t ê sū-bu̍t. Iú-hêng bûn-hòa chu-sán pun chò "kó͘-chek", "le̍k-sú kiat-tio̍k", "kì-liām kiàn-tio̍k", "chū-lo̍k kiàn-tio̍k kûn", "khó-kó͘ ûi-chí", "sú-chek", "bûn-hòa kéng-koan", "kó͘-bu̍t" (kok-pó, tiōng-iàu bûn-bu̍t, kap it-poaⁿ bûn-bu̍t), kap "chū-jiân tē-kéng" téng 9 lūi. Bû-hêng bûn-hòa chu-sán pun chò thoân-thóng piáu-ián gē-su̍t, thoân-thóng kang-gē, kháu-su̍t le̍k-sú, bîn-sio̍k, thoân-thóng tì-sek kap si̍t-chiān téng 5 lūi. Tû-liáu chū-jiân tē-kéng iû Lông-úi-hōe chú-koán í-gōa, kî-thaⁿ kok-lūi lóng-chóng iû Bûn-hòa-pō͘ chò chú-koán ki-koan.
**Tiong-kok Tong-hong Hâng-khong 5735-hō pan-ki sit-sū**（koh-kiò-chòe**"3·21"Tong-hâng MU5735 Hâng-khong-khì Poe-hêng sū-kò͘**, **3·21 Tong-hâng kheh-ki sū-kò͘**、**Tong-hâng"3·21"tūi-ki sū-kò͘**a̍h-sī**Ngô͘-chiu Khong-lān**、**Têng-koān khong-lān**、**Kńg-sai Khong-lān**）sī hoat-seng tī Pak-kiaⁿ sî-kan 2022-nî 3-ge̍h 21-hō e-po͘ ê chi̍t-kiāⁿ ê Tiong-kok kheh-ki tūi-lo̍h sū-kò͘. Sit-sū hui-ki sī Tong-hong Hâng-khong Hûn-lâm iú-hān Kong-si poe-ê Pho-im 737-800-hêng hui-ki, pian-hō B-1791, tùi Khun-bêng poe-khì Kńg-chiu, hâng-pan pian-hō sī **MU5735**（IATA）抑是**CES5735**（ICAO）.Hui-ki hō͘-lâng kàm-chhek kàu khoài-sok tūi-lo̍h hām sit-liân liáu-āu tāi-iok-á tī 14:22 sî tī Kńg-sai Chòng-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu Ngô͘-chiu-chhī Têng-koān Lông-lâm-tìn Bo̍k-lông-chhoan chi̍t-ê kam-á-hn̂g tūi-lo̍h.

Chham-khó chu-liāu
------------------

1. ↑  温璐、秦华 (2022-03-24). "国务院安委办、应急管理部：以东航"3·21"坠机事故为警示 立即开展民航安全隐患排查" (ēng Hôa-gí). 人民网. Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2022-03-24. 2022-03-24 khòaⁿ--ê.
2. ↑  "一夜过去，东航客机坠毁事故有这些最新情况". *湖南省应急管理厅*. 2022-03-24 khòaⁿ--ê.
3. ↑  "藤县空难搜寻工作持续展开". *新华网* (ēng Hôa-gí). Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2022-03-26. 2022-03-24 khòaⁿ--ê.
4. ↑  "藤县空难丨失事飞机的一部黑匣子已找到-今日头条". *光明網* (ēng Hôa-gí). Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2022-03-26. 2022-03-24 khòaⁿ--ê.
Bí-kok Kok-ka Chit-gia̍p An-chôan Ōe-seng Géng-kiù-só͘.
**Bí-kok Kok-ka Chit-gia̍p An-chôan Ōe-seng Géng-kiù-só͘** (Eng-gí: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, kán-chheng **NIOSH**) sī Bí-kok kok-lāi ê chi̍t-ê Liân-pang ki-kò͘, hū-chek tùi kang-chok siòng-koan ê siong-hāi hô chi̍t-pēⁿ chìn-hêng géng-kiù í-ki̍p thê-keng ī-hông ê kiàn-gī. NIOSH lē-sio̍k Bí-kok Ōe-seng ki̍p Kong-kiōng Ho̍k-bū-pō͘ tiong ê Chi̍t-pēⁿ Khòng-chè kah Ī-hông Tiong-sim (CDC). 
NIOSH ê Chóng-pō͘ siat-li̍p tī Washington, D.C. Ohio, Cincinnati, West Virginia Morgantown, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh, Colorado Denver, Alaska Anchorage, Washington Spokane, í-ki̍p Georgia Atlanta lóng-ū in ê géng-kiù si̍t-giām-sek kah pān-kong-sek. NIOSH sī chi̍t-ê iû chiok-chē choan-gia̍p chó͘-sêng ê ki-kò͘, lāi-pō͘ chit-kang chhiau-kòe 1,400 lâng, In tāi-pió chiok-chē ê chit-gia̍p, pau-koat liû-hêng-pēⁿ-ha̍k, i-ha̍k, kang-gia̍p ōe-seng, an-chôan, sim-lí-ha̍k, kang-têng-ha̍k, hòa-ha̍k kah thóng-kè-ha̍k. Bo̍k-chêng NIOSH ê hū-chek-jîn sī John Howard.
**Bo̍h Kiú** (鄚玖, Oa̍t-lâm-gí: Mạc Cửu, Khmer-gí: ម៉ាក គីវ, 1655 nî  – 1736 nî ) sī chi̍t ê Tiong-kok ê mō͘-hiám-ka, i tī Kampuchea kap Oa̍t-lâm chi-kan pān-ián tiōng-iàu kak-sek.

I tī Tiong-kok Kńg-tang Lûi-chiu chhut-sì. Boán-chheng ji̍p Koan í-āu cháu khì Kampuchea. Tāi-khài 1687 nî kàu 1695 nî chi-kan, hō͘ Kampuchea kok-ông jīm-bēng chò Peam (Khmer-gí: ពាម) ê *Uknhea* (ឧកញ៉ា), toà-niá Tiong-kok î-bîn lâi Banteay Meas hū-kīn khai-hoat. Tān-sī, Banteay Meas ê Khmer-cho̍k iáu iû Khmer-cho̍k chóng-tok *Uknhea Reachea Settheay* (ឧកញ៉ារាជាសេដ្ឋី) koán-lí kàu 1771 nî.

I tī Peam khí--liāu chi̍t ê kiò chò Hà Tiên (Hô-sian) ê siâⁿ-chhī. 1708 nî, Bo̍h Kiú poān-loān, tâu-hâng Oa̍t-lâm ê Nguyễn Chú, hō͘ Nguyễn Phúc Chu chhek-hong chò *Cửu Ngọc hầu* (玖玉侯, Kiú-gio̍k Hâu), Peam kái chò Oa̍t-lâm miâ-jī *Hà Tiên trấn*. 1715 nî, Kampuchea kok-ông Thommo Reachea 3-sè phah *Hà Tiên trấn*, i cháu khì Lũng Kỳ (Kep), kàu 1735 nî chiah tńg lâi.

I tī 1736 nî koè-sin, i ê kiáⁿ Bo̍h Sū-lîn kè-jīm Hà Tiên chóng-tok.

Ka-cho̍k
--------

* Kiáⁿ: Bo̍h Sū-lîn
* Cha-bó͘-kiáⁿ: kè hō͘ Tân Siōng-chhoan
Tek-kho ê hêng-chèng tōa-lâu
**Sin-tek Kho-ha̍k Kang-gia̍p Hn̂g-khu** (新竹科學工業園區), kán-chheng **Sin-tek Kho-ha̍k Hn̂g-khu** ia̍h **Tek-kho** (竹科), sī Tâi-oân ê tē-it chō kho-ha̍k hn̂g-khu. Hoān-ûi hâm-kài Sin-tek-chhī Tang-khu kap Sin-tek-koān Pó-san-hiong. Hn̂g-khu
lāi ê chhiúⁿ-siong í keng-êng tiān-chú tāi-kang ho̍k-bū ûi-chú, sī Tâi-oân ko-tō͘ hoat-tián ko-kho-ki tāi-kang sán-gia̍p ê chú-iàu kho-ki tiōng-tìn chi it, ū "Tâi-oân Sia̍k-kok" (台灣矽谷) ê miâ-hō.

Sêng-li̍p kàu-taⁿ ū 400 keng í-siōng ko-kho-ki tāi-kang-gia̍p, ho̍k-bū-gia̍p chhiúⁿ-siong chìn-chù, chú-iàu sán-gia̍p pau-koat ū pòaⁿ-tō-thé-gia̍p, tiān-náu-gia̍p, thong-sìn-gia̍p, kng-tiān-gia̍p, cheng-bi̍t ki-hāi-gia̍p kap seng-bu̍t kho-ki-gia̍p, sī choân-kiû pòaⁿ-tō-thé chè-chō-gia̍p siāng-kài bi̍t-chi̍p ê só͘-chāi chi-it, bo̍k-chiân í-khai-hoat Sin-tek Hn̂g-khu iok 632 kong-khéng kap Tek-lâm Hn̂g-khu iok 141 kong-khéng, iok ū 12 bān lâng tī hn̂g-khu lāi kang-chok. Keng-kòe chē nî khai-hoat, Sin-tek Kho-ha̍k Hn̂g-khu chiām-chiām chiâⁿ-chò Pak Tâi-oân ê kho-ki sán-gia̍p tiong-sim, pēng-chhiáⁿ chiàu kok-ka hoat-tián kè-ōe khok-tāi ki-tē, bo̍k-chiân khok-chhiong kè-ōe pau-koat Thô-hn̂g Liông-thâm Hn̂g-khu, Biâu-le̍k Tâng-lô Hn̂g-khu, Sin-tek Seng-bu̍t I-ha̍k Hn̂g-khu í-ki̍p Gî-lân Hn̂g-khu. Mā in-ūi i-ê sêng-kong keng-giām, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú lio̍k-sio̍k tī Tâi-oân kî-thaⁿ tē-khu siat-li̍p Tiong-kho kap Lâm-kho. M̄-koh chia-ê sán-gia̍p phōaⁿ-sûi tio̍h ko-u-jiám ê hù-sán-phín, in-chhú pòaⁿ-tō-thé chè-chō-gia̍p lóng sī khoân-pó kap kiān-khong būn-tê, sī Au-Bí kok-ka só͘ bē-tàng chiap-siū, in-chhúhoat-kui kap chip-hoat khoan-sang ê Tâi-oân chiâⁿ-chò siāng sek-ha̍p ê siat-chhiúⁿ tē-tiám, mā sī sè-kài pòaⁿ-tō-thé tāi-kang chè-chō ê tiōng-tìn, chhòng-chō liáu bē-chiókeng-chè kap chiū-gia̍p ki-hōe, pí-lūn Tâi-chek-tiān téng ū-miâ kho-ki tōa-chhiúⁿ lóng tī chia siat-tì kì-tiám.
Ông Hiong-siân.
**Ông Hiong-siân**(王香禪; 1886-?) pún-miâ **Bóng-tshī**(罔市), iū miâ **Liû-sian**(留仙), **Hiong-siân**(香嬋), piáu-jī **Tāi-khing**(黛卿), gē-miâ **Bóng-tshi**(夢癡). Ông Hiong-siân tī Tâi-pak Báng-kah tshut-sì, sī Tshing-tiâu kah Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi tshut-miâ ê gē-tuànn tsham tsa-bóo si-jîn. I sī Liân Hîng ê tē-tsú, Siā Kài-tsio̍h ê bóo.

Ông Hiong-siân tshut-sin sàn-tshiah, tshù-lāi ê king-tsè lóng khò in a-hiann Ông Á-thôo(王仔塗) sîng-tam. Tsū sè-hàn, i tō khì hōo Táng Á-tī(董仔治) siu tsò khè-kiánn. Hiong-siân khai-sí tī Pîng-lo̍k-iû(平樂遊) tsiú-lâu kah Hok-tsiu-á sai-hū o̍h Pah-khik.Tsa̍p-it huè ê sî-tsūn, Hiong-siân thàu-kuè si-jîn Ông Tsú-ho̍k(王子鶴) ê kài-siāu, khì kàu Tuā-tiū-tiânn ê Kiàm-lâu su-sio̍k(劍樓書塾) hiòng Tiō It-san o̍h siá hiong-liâm-si(香奩詩), kàu-ha̍k N̂g Jīm ê *Hiong-tsháu tsian-ngóo tsù*(香草箋偶註). Hiong-siân in-uī kah-ì tha̍k *Hông-lâu bóng*, him-siān tsú-kak Lîm Tāi-gio̍k, sóo-í kā piáu-jī hō-tsò **Tāi-khing**.

Hit tang-tsūn, Hiong-siân hōo lâng hō-tsò **Tâi-uân sam-tāi bí-jîn**, tàm Tuā-tiū-tiânn Íng-lo̍k-tsō tshiùnn King-hì, Liân Hîng ta̍k kang lóng tsáu khì hia kā phâng-tiûnn. Hiong-siân mā bat kàu Tâi-lâm Pó-bí-lâu(寶美樓) piáu-ián *Jī tsìn-kiong*(二進宮), *Sam-liông kàu tsú*(三娘教子), kah *Tsè kang*(祭江), tsin tsē sū-sin lóng uī i tshi-bê. Hiong-siân tuà tī Tâi-lâm ê sî-tsūn, Liân Hîng tsìng-sik siu i tsò tē-tsú, kà i *Si-king*, *Tshóo-sû*, kah Lí Siong-ún ê si-tsi̍p, Liân Hîng koh o-ló i kóng *Kim tsik huí-jiân sîng-tsiong, put kiám Siā-tîng ēng sù.*(今則斐然成章，不減謝庭詠絮。). Iáu-m̄-koh, nn̄g lâng pīng bô kiat-hun, Hiong-siân āu-lâi kè hōo Lô Siù-huī, siá si *Būn hue*(問花). Tān-sī, Lô Siù-huī suah pàng-sak i, tsáu khì kah Tshuà Phik-gîm tàu-tīn, nn̄g lâng tsiông-tshú lī-iân.

Hiong-siân tsin tsheh-sim, khai-sí tāi-liōng siá si, iōng **Tāi-khing** tsò pit-miâ, tâu-kó Tâi-uân ji̍t-ji̍t sin-pò, tshin-tshiūnn *Tshiu-kám*(秋感), *Su-huâi*(書懷), *Mûi-hui*(梅妃), kah *Hô mûi-hui ūn*(和梅妃韻) tō sī hit tang-sî ê tsok-phín.
A right-handed Cartesian coordinate system, illustrating the *x* (right-left), *y* (forward-backward) and *z* (up-down) axes relative to a human being.
**Sin-thé ê siong-tùi hong-ūi** (ing-gú: Body relative direction, mā kiò-tsò "í tsū-ngóo uî tiong-sim ê tsō-piau" (egocentric coordinates)) sī siong-tuì sin-thé (pí-jū lâng ê sin-thé) ê kí-hô hong-hiòng [en]. Siōng tsia̍p-khuànn ê ū : tsó-iū; hiòng-tsîng hām hiòng-āu; tíng-kuân hām ē-kha. Tsia-ê hong-hiòng hîng-sîng sam-tuì tsìng-kau-tio̽k.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  Deutscher, Guy (August 26, 2010). "Does Your Language Shape How You Think?". *The New York Times*. August 31, 2010 khòaⁿ--ê.

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* VSMPO-AVISMA [en]
* Bunge kong-si [en] (Bunge Limited)
* ADM kong-si [en] (ADM (company))
* Wilmar International kong-si [en] (Wilmar International)
* Ted Osius [en]

Guā-pōo lên-ket
---------------

* Whitman Richards 1975. VISUAL SPACE PERCEPTION. HANDBOOK Of PERCEPTION, VOL. V, Chapter 10. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. New York, San Francisco, London
| ?Âng-pak Thī-ke |
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| Kang ê |
|  | Bú ê |
| Pó-io̍k chōng-hóng |
| Kē-gûi-hiám （IUCN 3.1） |
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| **Seng-bu̍t-ha̍k hun-lūi** |
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| Kài: | Animalia |
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| Mn̂g: | Chordata |
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| Kong: | Aves |
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| Bo̍k: | Galliformes |
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| Kho: | Phasianidae |
| A-kho: | Phasianinae |
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| Sio̍k: | *Tragopan* |
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| Chéng: | ***T. temminckii*** |
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| Ha̍k-miâ |
| ***Tragopan temminckii***(Gray, 1831) |
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 *Tragopan temminckii*
**Âng-pak Thī-ke** (Eng-gí: Temminck's Tragopan; Ha̍k-miâ: Tragopan temminckii) sī chi̍t-chióng tiong-téng thé-hêng ê Thī-ke, thé-tn̂g khó-ta̍t 64 kong-hun, hiông-chiáu ú-mn̂g gân-sek sī chhim âng-sek, ū pe̍h-sek pan-tiám, hūi o͘-sek, thúi hún-sek, bīn-pō͘ lâm-sek. Tòa pe̍h-sek pan-tiám. Gōa-pió kah âng-heng kak-thī sio-siāng, chia̍h-mi̍h ū Chiuⁿ-kó, chháu-á.
Seng-o̍ah tī Tang-lâm-a pak-pō͘ ê sim-lîm tiong, Ìn-tō͘ tang-pak-pō͘, O̍at-lâm sai-pak pō͘ kah Tiong-kok lâm-hong chu-séng lóng-ū hūn-pò͘.

1. ↑  BirdLife International (2012). **Tragopan temminckii**.  *nî IUCN Siū Ui-hia̍p Bu̍t-chéng Âng Miâ-toaⁿ*. IUCN. chih-chiap.
Hasegawa Kiyosi (長谷川 清, はせがわ きよし), Ji̍t-pún hái-kun kun-jîn, Tâi-oân tē-18 ê chóng-tok. Chòe-koân kai-kip chèng-sam-ūi, hun it-téng, kong it-kip, hái-kun tāi-chiòng.

Chhut-sin
---------

1883 nî 5 goe̍h 7 ji̍t chhut-sì tī Hukui-koān Asuwa-kūn Yasiro-chhoan(Hiān-chāi Hukui-chhī.

Keng-le̍k
---------

1940 nî 11 goe̍h 27 ji̍t chiūⁿ-jīm Tâi-oân chóng-tok. Jīm-lāi tńg-hô chêng-jīm chóng-tok Kobayasi Seizô ê chong-kàu chèng-chhek, sêng-li̍p Hông-bîn hōng-kong-hōe. Chho͘-téng phó͘-thong kàu-io̍k gī-bū hoa. Si̍t-si lio̍k-kun te̍k-pia̍t chì-goān-peng í-kip hái-kun te̍k-pia̍t chì-goān-peng chè-tō͘. 

1944 nî, kio̍k-sè tùi Ji̍t-pún chin put-lī, Tâi-oân-tó í-keng ti̍t-chiap bīn-tùi Bí-kok ui-hia̍p. Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú phah-sǹg hō͘ Tâi-oân-kun su-lēng kiam-jīm Tâi-oân chóng-tok lâi èng-hù ûi-ki, tī án-ne ê chêng-hêng chi-hā, Hasegawa tī 12 goe̍h 1 ji̍t sî tiāu chóng-tok chit-bū, kái-jīm kun-sū chham-gī koaⁿ. [1]

Sí-bông
-------

Nî-phó͘
-------

Chham-khó chu-liāu
------------------

1. ↑  'Tâi-oân-sú Sió-sū-tián *, Oán-liû chhut-pán-siā,《台灣史小事典》遠流出版社, 155 ia̍h.*

  



|
|  |
| **Chêng-jīm**: **Kobayasi Seizô** | Chāi-jīm sî-kî
**1940 nî 11 goe̍h 27 ji̍t — 1944 nî 12 goe̍h 1 ji̍t** | **Āu-jīm**: **Andô Rikiti** |
Sap-bûn chi̍t-tè.
**Sap-bûn** sī chi̍t lūi chheng-kiat-che, iōng chí-hông-sng chham kah-sò͘ (K) ia̍h la̍p-sò͘ (Na) ê iông-lī-chú hóan-èng chè-chō, chāi hòa-ha̍k-siōng sī iâm-lūi. 

Sap-bûn chheng-kiat ê gôan-lí sī lī-iōng iông-lī-chú ê chhin-chúi-sèng kap chí-hông-sng ê ià-chúi-sèng, chi̍t hong-bīn chham a-cha-mi̍h sio-khan; chi̍t hong-bīn koh kah chúi-hun-chú sio-khan, liáu-āu kā a-cha khan lî-khui mi̍h-kiāⁿ ê piáu-bīn.

Gí-gôan
-------

Hō-ló-ōe "sap-bûn" chit jī mā ū lâng kóng "sat-bûn" ia̍h "soat-bûn". (Hàn-jī: 雪文), in ê goân-thâu sī Au-chiu gí-giân, pí-lūn Phû-tô-gâ-gí kóng "sabão" (IPA: /sɐ.ˈβɐ̃w̃/).

Tī chi̍t kóa só͘-chāi, sap-bûn chit khóan mi̍h-kiāⁿ hō chò "tê-kho͘" (he̍k-chiá choan-bûn chí chi̍t lūi sap-bûn), che sī in-ūi kó͘-chá-sî lī-iōng tê-kho͘, iā-chiū-sī chè-chō tê-iû chhun--lo̍h ê iû-tái lâi chheng sin-khu, sé mi̍h-kiāⁿ.

Lēng-gōa mā ū chi̍t kóa só͘-chāi kóng "hoan-kiⁿ".

Siong-koan
----------

* Sap-bûn-hún
Der Tagesspiegel ê piau-tsì.
Der Tagesspiegel pò-tsuá ê thâu-ia̍h tshut-pán tī 1945 9-gue̍h 27.
**Der Tagesspiegel** (ì-sù sī "Muí-ji̍t kìng-pò" (Muí-ji̍t kiànn-pò; Daily Mirror); tik-gú: Der Tagesspiegel; ing-gú: The Daily Mirror) sī tsi̍t-hūn Tik-kok ji̍t-pò. Der Tagesspiegel teh Washington D.C. kah Potsdam siat-iú khu-i̍k thong-sìn tshù. Potsdam sī siú-too uî-it tsi̍t-hūn huat-hîng liōng tsing-ka ê tsú-iàu pò-tsuá; hiān-tsú-sî huat-hîng-liōng uî 148,000 hūn, tse sī uì tiông-sin thóng-it í-lâi ê huat-hîng kè-sǹg. Der Tagesspiegel sī tsi̍t-hūn tsū-iû-phài [en] ê pò-tsuá, teh Tik-kok tsìng-tī puē-kíng tsi-hā hông kui-luī tsò tiong-kan phài ê muî-thé [en].

Li̍k-sú hām khing-khak
----------------------

Der Tagesspiegel tī 1945-nî 9-gue̍h 27-ji̍t iû Erik Reger, Walther Karsch kah Edwin Redslob tíng-jîn sóo tshòng-li̍p. Tsóng-pōo khiā-ti Berlin ê khiā-tī Kreuzberg [en] tē-khu ê Askanischer Platz, kī-lî Potsdamer Platz [en] tāi-iok 600 m (2,000 ft), iah-sī í-tsîng Peklîm tshiûnn-uî-á (Berlin Wall) ê sóo-tsāi.

Teh tshiau-kuè 45-nî ê sî-kan lāi-té, Der Tagesspiegel iû tsi̍t-king to̍k-li̍p sìn-thok kong-si sóo-iú. 1993-nî, uī-tio̍h ìng-tuì kìng-tsing jû-lâi jû ki̍k-lia̍t ê tshut-pán khuân-kíng, pīng-tshiánn khip-ín ki-su̍t hiān-tāi-huà sóo su-iàu ê tâu-tsu; pí-jû sin ìn-suat-tshiúnn ê uí-thok kah kái-siān hûn-siau, Der Tagesspiegel hōo Holtzbrinck tshut-pán tsi̍p-thuân [en] siu-kòo. Der Tagesspiegel bo̍k-tsiân ê tshut-pán-siong sī Dieter von Holtzbrinck, tsú-pian [en] sī Stephan-Andreas Casdorff hām Lorenz Maroldt; Pierre Gerckens, Giovanni di Lorenzo [en] kah Hermann Rudolph sī Der Tagesspiegel ê pian-tsi̍p. Mā ū tsi̍t-kuá-á tù-bîng ê tsok-ka pau-kuat Bas Kast [en] hām Harald Martenstein [en].

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  Annikki Koskensalo; John Smeds; Angel Huguet; Rudolf De Cillia (2012). *Language: Competence-Change-Contact*. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 90.  (Eng-gí)
2. ↑  Craig R. Eisendrath; Melvin Allan Goodman; Melvin A. Goodman, pian. (2001). *The Phantom Defense: America's Pursuit of the Star Wars Illusion*. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 136.  (Eng-gí)
3. ↑  Glen Segell, pian. (2004). *Disarming Iraq*. Glen Segell Publishers. p. 352.  (Eng-gí)
4. ↑  W. Pojmann, pian. (2004). *Migration and Activism in Europe since 1945*. Springer. p. 2008. This qualitative analysis was complemented by a quantitative media analysis of coverage of the two case studies in two major Berlin dailies; the leftist Berliner Zeitung and the more centrist Tagesspiegel.  (Eng-gí)
5. ↑  "Der Tagesspiegel". *VoxEurop*. 28 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Tāi-pò [en] (Broadsheet)
* Sin-bûn muî-thé [en] (News media)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: ***Der Tagesspiegel*** |

* Official website (Tek-gú)
* Society for News Design Tagesspiegel World's Best-Designed Detail Page

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Sìn-kù khòng-chè | 
* WorldCat Identities
* VIAF: 217311514
* GND: 7535453-6

 |

 |
| Tiong-kok kok-kua [en] |
| --- |
| 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  "Pu Tian Yue" (hui kuan-hong)  |  1878–1896
  |
|  "Tune of Li Zhongtang" (hui kuan-hong)  |  1896–1906
  |
|  "Praise the Dragon Flag" (hui kuan-hong)  |  1906–1911
  |
|  "Cup of Solid Gold"  |  1911–1912
  |
|  "Song of Five Races Under One Union"  |  1912–1913
  |
|  "Khing-hûn kua"  |  1913–1915
  |
|  "Tiong-huâ hiông-li̍p ú-tiū kan" |  1915–1921
  |
|  "Khing-hûn kua"  |  1921–1928
  |
|  "Sam-bîn tsú-gī kua"  |  1928–present
  |
|  "Kok-tsè kua"  |  1931–1937
  |
|  "Gī-ióng-kun tsìn-hîng-khik"  |  1949–bo̍k-tsiân
  |

 |
| * hián
* lūn
* pian
 |

**Khing-hûn kua** (hàn-gú: 卿雲歌; ing-gú: Song to the Auspicious Cloud), tshut-tsū "Siōng-su tāi-tuān [zh]·Gû hā tuān" (尚書大傳·虞夏傳). Khing-hûn sī tsi̍t-tsióng siông-suī tsi hûn, Su-má Tshian "Sú-kì·Thian-kuan su" (史記·天官書), ū kì-tsài: "jio̍k ian hui ian, jio̍k hûn huihûn, iok-iok hun-hun, siau-sok lûn-khun, sī uī khing-hûn. Khing-hûn, hí-khì iā. (若煙非煙, 若雲非雲, 郁郁紛紛, 蕭索輪囷，是謂卿雲. 卿雲, 喜氣也) Kiû tông kiû, "Kiû buān-buān hê" (糺縵縵兮) hîng-iông khing-hûn u-sû khiok-tsiat tsi tsōng. "Khing-hûn-kua" pat nńg-tōo iû Tiong-hua bîn-kok Pak-iûnn tsìng-hú tiông-sin phóo-khik pīng-tshiánn tīng-tsò kok-kua.

Li̍k-sú
-------

Siōng-thâu-á ê pán-pún iû Belgium tsok-khik-ka kah sèkài-gú tsiá [en] tsuan-ka "Jean Hautstont" tī 1896-nî tshòng-tsok,  Pīng-tshiánn tī 1913-nî tsì 1915-nî kî-kan iōng-tsò lîm-sî kok-kua. Tē-2 tshù ê pán-pún iû Siàu Iú-buê [en] (肖友梅) tsok-khik, tī 1921-nî tsì 1928-nî kî-kan hông iōng-tsò kuan-hong kok-kua. Tsit nn̄g-siú kua ê kua-sû lóng tshú-tshâi tsū Ho̍k Sing [en] (伏生) tī kong-guân tsiân 200-100 nî tsi-kan sóotù-tsok ê "Siōng-su tāi-tuân".

Nn̄g ê pán-pún ê "Khing-hûn kua" (卿雲歌) ê kua-sû lóng sī kin-kì "Siōng-su tāi-tuān [zh]" (尚書大傳) lāi-té ê tsi̍t-siú kua-khik kái-pian ê, thiann-kóng sī Tiong-kok kóo-tāi Sùn-tè thuân-uī hōo Tāi-ú ê sî-tsūn sóo tshiùnn ê. Siông-hûn kua ê kóo-bûnguân kua-sû jû-hā:

Khing-hûn lān-hê, kiû buān-buān hê. Ji̍t-gua̍t kong-huâ, tàn-ho̍k tàn-hê. (卿雲爛兮, 糺縵縵兮. 日月光華, 旦復旦兮)

Tsit siú kua ê ì-siōngsī siōng-ting tio̍h tsuán-î kah piàn-huà, sóo tsí ê sī Tiong-kok kóo-tāi thuân-suat tang-tiong ê kun-tsú sè-si̍p tsè-tōo tsìn-tsîng, Giâu-sùn [zh] sî-tāi ê hông-tè jiōng-tsō jiōng-uī ê tsun-kuì tsik-uī tsè-tōo. Kun-tsú tsè-tōo kiat-sok, kiōng-hô-kok sîng-li̍p liáu-āu. Tsit siú kua-khik ê kua-sû siū-tio̍h tsiânn-tsē lâng ê khuànn tsiūnn-ba̍k, tsiânn-tsò sin tsìng-hú ê kok-kua.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  "HAUTSTONT, Jean - [Dictionnaire international des militants anarchistes]".

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Jîn-tì-ha̍k [en] (Anthroposophy)

Guap-oo liân-kiat
-----------------

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: ***Song to the Auspicious Cloud*** |

* "第二次《卿云歌》". Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2015-07-13. 2009-03-01 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Hàn-gí)
* Audio, sheet music, and lyrics (Eng-gí)
**Gán-kiû Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi** (眼球中央電視台) sī Tâi-ôan ê chi̍t keng bāng-lō͘ mûi-thé, tī 2015 nî 8 goe̍h 5 ji̍t sêng-li̍p, chú-iàu hòng-sàng "Iong-sī Chi̍t Hun-cheng" (央視一分鐘) hē-lia̍t sin-bûn iáⁿ-phìⁿ, i ēng khau-sé ê hêng-sek chū-chheng "Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Koaⁿ-mûi" (中華民國官媒), bô͘-hóng Tiong-kok Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi ê pò-tō hong-sek chè-chok chhin-chhiūⁿ sin-bûn pò-tō ê chhòng-khang iáⁿ-phìⁿ kap streaming ti̍t-pò͘, pò-tō lōe-iông í ok-pìⁿ Hái-kiap lióng-hōaⁿ chèng-tī, kong-kiōng gī-tê kap khau-sé pó-siú-chú-gī ûi-chú.

Chham-khó
---------

1. ↑  "為何自稱官媒？ 眼球中央電視台：用反諷凸顯憲法荒謬". 自由時報. 2016-11-03.
2. ↑  "什麼！30年交不到女朋友 也是陸客不來的錯？". 聯合新聞網. 2016-09-07.
3. ↑  "自製反諷新聞影片 網路媒體好吸睛". 公視新聞. 2016-12-11.
4. ↑  "對岸看過來！網推「藍八大攔轎寶島旅遊攻略」". 自由時報. 2016-10-17.
5. ↑  "「金罵獎」酸片神嘲諷 摑面黨大贏家". 蘋果日報. 2015-11-22.

Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
-----------------

* Gán-kiû Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi ê Facebook choan-ia̍h
* YouTube téng ê **Gán-kiû Tiong-iong Tiān-sī-tâi** pîn-tō
Bēng Boán-chiu
**Bēng Boán-chiu** (孟晚舟) sī chi̍t ūi Tiong-kok seng-lí-lâng, hiān-jīm Hôa-ûi kong-si ê hù-táng-sū-tiúⁿ kiam châi-bū-tiúⁿ. I sī Hôa-ûi chhòng-pān-jîn Jīm Chèng-hui hām tē-it ê bó͘ Bēng Kun (孟軍) ê cha-bó͘-kiáⁿ.

1993 nî ka-ji̍p Hôa-ûi kong-si. 1997 nî, tī Hôa-tiong Lí-kang Tāi-ha̍k tha̍k se̍k-sū. I tī pit-gia̍p āu tò-tńg khì Hôa-ûi siōng-pan, bat chò kòe Hôa-ûi kok-chè hōe-kè-pō͘ chóng-kàm, Hôa-ûi Hiong-káng kong-si châi-bū-tiúⁿ kap tiòng-bū koán-lí-pō͘ chóng-chhâi. 2011 nî 4 goe̍h, i chiâⁿ-chò Hôa-ûi siông-bū táng-sū kiam châi-bū-tiúⁿ. 2018 nî 3 goe̍h, seng-jīm hù-táng-sū-tiúⁿ kiam châi-bū-tiúⁿ, mā sī hiān-sî Hôa-ûi kî-hā 11 keng kong-si ê táng-sū.

2018 nî 12 goe̍h chhe 1, Ka-ná-tāi kéng-hong èng Bí-kok chèng-hú ê su-hoat hō͘-chō͘ iau-kiû tái-pó͘ tī Un-ko-hôa choán-ki ê Bēng Boán-chiu, ín-hoat khan-sia̍p Bí-kok, Tiong-kok, Ka-ná-tāi 3 kok ê su-hoat, chèng-tī, gōa-kau sū-kiāⁿ. 2019 nî 1 goe̍h 28 hō, Bí-kok soan-pò͘ chèng-sek iau-kiû ín-tō͘ Bēng Boán-chiu, í 23 hāng chōe-miâ khí-sò͘ Hôa-ûi.
Marcel Duchamp
**Marcel Duchamp** (Kok-chè Im-phiau: [maʀsɛl dyʃɑ̃]) (1887 nî 7 goe̍h 28 – 1968 nî 10 goe̍h 2) sī 1 ê Hoat-kok gē-su̍t-ka (āu—lâi tī 1955 nî pìⁿ Bí-kok-chek). I ê chok-phín kap lí-liām tùi Tē-jī-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiàn liáu-āu ê Se-iûⁿ bí-su̍t-kài ū chin toā ê éng-hióng. Lâng tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ kā i kap Dada, Chhiau-hiān-si̍t-chú-gī ê ūn-tōng khan chò-hoé, chóng—sī i tī Chhiau-hiān-si̍t-phài ê kak-sek chú-iàu sī kha-chhiah-āu—ê. 

Ū chiok chē lâng siá chheh, bûn-chiuⁿ gī-lūn Duchamps ê chok-phín kap i ê su-sióng ê ì-gī. Tùi i lâi kóng, hit-koá kái-soeh oân-ná sī chhòng-chok; in hoán-èng kái-soeh ê lâng. I keng-koè i ê chok-phín thàm-thó gē-sut ê koè-thêng kap hêng-siau. Chhiūⁿ kóng i kā 1 chō jiō-chō (urinal) hō chò gē-su̍t, hō-miâ "Choâⁿ-thâu" (Fountain). Āu—lâi sīm-chì pàng-sak bí-su̍t, choan-tô͘ kiâⁿ se-iûⁿ-kî. I ê chok-phín bô chē; tong-sî ê *avant-garde* tiâu-liû lóng ū chhap—tio̍h.

Seng-gâi
--------

I pún-miâ **Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp**, chhut-sì tī Hoat-kok Haute-Normandie tē-tāi ê Seine-Maritime ê chng-thâu, hō chò Blainville-Crevon. Ka-têng tiōng-sī bûn-hoà oa̍h-tōng, tī chhù-lāi sù-siông saⁿ-kap kiâⁿ-kî, tha̍k chheh, oē-tô͘, chàu im-ga̍k. Chhù—ni̍h ū koà chē-chē goā-kong Emile Nicolle ê koè-oē kap khek-pán chok-phín.

Chheng-siàu-liân sî, khai-sí o̍h oē-tô͘, thâu-khí-seng sī o̍h Ìn-siōng-chú-gī ê hong-keh. 

1927 nî 6 goe̍h 8, kap Lydie Sarazin-Lavassor kiat-liân-lí, 6 goe̍h-ji̍t tō lî-iân. 1954 nî kap Alexina "Teeny" Sattler kiat-hūn, it-ti̍t kàu Duchamps pia̍t-sè. 1955 nî i chiâⁿ chò Bí-kok kong-bîn.

Chok-phín kap bí-ha̍k su-sióng
------------------------------

### Chò-piān-mi̍h

Duchamps khai-hoat chò-piān-mi̍h (readymades) chún gē-su̍t-phín ê su-sióng. I kéng koá thong-sio̍k, chè-chō piān ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ, ū-sî ē sió kái—koè, án-ne kā hō chò gē-su̍t. Tī chit ê koè-têng, kéng 1 hāng mi̍h-kiāⁿ, hō 1 ê miâ, chhiam 1 ê jī, hit ê thong-sio̍k mi̍h tō pìⁿ-chiâⁿ gē-su̍t-phín. Duchamps tùi sûn sī-kak gē-su̍t bô chhù-bī, keng-thé kóng he sī "sī-bāng-moh gē-su̍t" (retinal art). Ūi beh cháu-chhoē pa̍t chióng piáu-hiān ê hoat-tō͘, i tī 1915 nî khai-sí siat-kè chò-piān-mi̍h. Hit-tang-chūn "chò-piān-mi̍h" sī iōng lâi khu-pia̍t kang-tiûⁿ chè-chō—ê kap thoân-thóng chhiú-kang chò ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ. I kéng piān-mi̍h te̍k-pia̍t kéng hit-koá "sī-kak-te̍k bô-bī-bô-sò͘"--ê (visual indifference). I ê soán-tek hoán-èng chhut i kāu-khoe-hâi, gâu sau-that, hèng kiâⁿ ài-māi ê hong-keh. I bat kóng: "...chū-pún to khài-liām iu-sian, m̄ sī sī-kak ê lē...sī 1 chióng teh hò͘ⁿ-tēng chiōng gē-su̍t lâi tēng-gī ê khó-lêng-sèng" [*bô chhut-chhù*].

Duchamp hān-chè chò-piān-mi̍h ê sán-gia̍h, kui-sì-lâng ke̍k-ke chiah 20 kiāⁿ nā-niā. I kám-kak án-ne lâi hān-chè, i chiah ū hoat-tō͘ pī-bián poa̍h lo̍h-khì phín-bī (taste) ê hām-khut. I liáu-kái oân-nā siám-pī phín-bī oân-nā kéng mi̍h-kiāⁿ, chit 2 hāng chi-kan ū mâu-tún. Phín-bī, "hó"--ê ia̍h "bái"--ê, i kám-kak lóng sī gē-su̍t ê sí-te̍k.


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|  | Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: ***Category:Marcel Duchamp*** |
**Tōa Tâi-lâm Kong-chhia** (大台南公車) sī **Tâi-lâm-chhī Chhī-khu Khì-chhia Kheh-ūn** ê phín-pâi hêng-siōng miâ-chheng. Tōa Tâi-lâm Kong-chhia í Tâi-lâm-chhī kong-kiōng ūn-su chò-ûi chú-koán ki-koan ê khì-chhia ho̍k-bū, chú-iàu iû "kàn-chi-sòaⁿ kong-chhia" (幹支線公車) kap "chhī-khu kong-chhia" (市區公車) nn̄g tōa pō͘-hūn cho͘-sêng.

2010 nî 12 goe̍h 25 hō, Tâi-lâm-koān kap Tâi-lâm-chhī (séng-hat-chhī) hat-khu ha̍p-pèng kái-chè chò chit-má ê Tâi-lâm-chhī (ti̍t-hat-chhī) liáu-āu, Kau-thong-pō͘ Kong-lō͘ Chóng-kio̍k Ka-gī-khu Kàm-lí-só͘ kā lō͘-sòaⁿ pí-lē tī Tâi-lâm-chhī hat-he̍k lāi chhiau-kòe 50% ê kong-lō͘ khì-chhia kheh-ūn lō͘-sòaⁿ î-kau hō͘ Tâi-lâm-chhī Chèng-hú kàm-lí. Chia-ê goân kong-lō͘ khì-chhia kheh-ūn lō͘-sòaⁿ tī 2013 nî 3 goe̍h chì 2013 nî 12 goe̍h kan tio̍k-pō͘ chéng-pèng chò 6 tiâu kàn-sòaⁿ kong-chhia lō͘-sòaⁿ kap 74 tiâu chi-sòaⁿ kong-chhia lō͘-sòaⁿ, í le̍k-sek, nâ-sek, chang-sek, kam-á-sek, n̂g-sek kap âng-sek hun-pia̍t chò-ûi 6 tiâu kàn-sòaⁿ kong-chhia hē-thóng ê sek-pia̍t gân-sek, iû Heng-lâm Kheh-ūn kap Sin-iâⁿ Kheh-ūn chit nn̄g keng bîn-êng khì-chhia kheh-ūn kong-si keng-êng.

Tōa Tâi-lâm Kong-chhia ê "chhī-khu kong-chhia" hē-thóng sī goân-té Tâi-lâm-chhī (séng-hat-chhī) só͘ hat ê 6 ê chhī-hat-khu (Tiong-se-khu, Tang-khu, Lâm-khu, Pak-khu, An-pêng-khu kap An-lâm-khu) kap Éng-khong-khu, Jîn-tek-khu kap Ko-hiông-chhī Ka-tiāⁿ-khu téng jîn-kháu bi̍t-chi̍p khu chò-ûi ho̍k-bū hoān-ûi ê kong-kiōng khì-chhia ho̍k-bū, iû Hú-siâⁿ Kheh-ūn, Heng-lâm Kheh-ūn kap Sù-hong Kheh-ūn keng-êng, tāi-pō͘-hūn lō͘-sòaⁿ sêng-si̍p ha̍p-pèng chêng chiū í-keng chûn-chāi ê Tâi-lâm-chhī (séng-hat-chhī) chhī-khu khì-chhia kheh-ūn lō͘-sòaⁿ.

Bo̍k-chiân, Tōa Tâi-lâm Kong-chhia ê êng-ūn lō͘-sòaⁿ sò͘ ū 113 tiâu: kàn-sòaⁿ kong-chhia 6 tiâu, chi-sòaⁿ kong-chhia 75 tiâu, chhī-khu kong-chhia 20 tiâu, koan-kong kong-chhia 4 tiâu, siang-chân pa-suh 1 tiâu, Ko-thih khoài-chia̍p 2 tiâu, tân-sèng chiap-poh kong-chhia 7 tiâu.
Tōa pe̍h-hoe kúi-chiam-chháu
Tōa pe̍h-hoe kúi-chiam-chháu ê hoe
Tōa pe̍h-hoe kúi-chiam-chháu ê kóe-chí
**Tōa pe̍h-hoe kúi-chiam-chháu** (Hàn-jī: 大白花鬼針草; Hôa-gí: 大花咸豐草; ha̍k-miâ: *Bidens pilosa* var. *radiata*) kui-sio̍k-î kiok-kho (*Compositae*) sī to-nî-seng ê chháu-pún si̍t-bu̍t. 

I kui-nî-thàu-tang lóng-ē khui-hoe, kah-ì seⁿ tī kui-kang ū ji̍t-thâu pha̍k ê só·-chāi.

Tī Tâi-oân i hun-pò· tī pêⁿ-tē kàu kē hái-poa̍t ê soaⁿ-khu, tī hái-piⁿ mā chiâⁿ chia̍p khòaⁿ--kìⁿ. I seⁿ tī lō·-piⁿ, pha-hng-tē, kap chháu-pō·-tē.

Hêng-thāi
---------

Keng sì-kak-hêng, ū lêng-kak.

Hio̍h-á sī tan-hio̍h, he̍k ki-sò· ú-chōng ho̍k-hio̍h; sió-hio̍h sī ke-nn̄g-hêng he̍k phi-chiam-hêng, ū chho· ê kì-á khí ê pian-iân.

I ê hoe pâi-lia̍t hêng-sêng thâu-chōng-hoe-sū (*頭狀花序*) tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ hông kiò-chò thâu-hoe. I ê thâu-hoe ê piⁿ-hoe (sia̍t-chōng-hoe, *邊花, 舌狀花*) ū 5~8 hio̍h, pe̍h-sek, ū-tang-sî--á sī chí-âng-sek, tn̂g 10~18 mm; sim-hoe (*心花, 筒狀花*) n̂g-sek; thâu-hoe ê ti̍t-kèng ē tōa kàu 4~5 mm, thêng-hiān sòaⁿ-pâng-chōng (*繖房狀*) pâi-lia̍t.

Kóe-chí sī sán-kó, o·-sek, ū 2~3 mûi phi tò-chhà-chhì ê bâng-chōng koan-mô· (*芒狀冠毛*). 

Lēng-gōa iáu-ū sió pe̍h-hoe kúi-chiam-chháu (*Bidens pilosa* var.*minor*), kap n̂g-hoe kúi-chiam-chháu (*Bidens bipinnata*) seⁿ tio̍h chiok-sêng.
**Toubon huat** (tsuân-tshing: 1994-nî 8-gue̍h 4-ji̍t kuan-î huat-gú sú-iōng ê tē 94-665-hō huat-lu̍t: huat-gú: loi Toubon; ing-gú: Toubon Law) sī Huat-kok tsìng-hú [en] kui-tīng **kiông-tsè sú-iōng huat-gú ê tsi̍t-hāng huat-lu̍t**. Toubon huat kui-tīng kiông-tsè teh i-hā ê ki-kuan [de], tsoo-tsit [en], kuan-hong tsu-tsōo ê ha̍k-hāu tt. ê ki-kòo [de] pit-su kiông-tsè sú-iōng Huat-gú; kui-tīng sī teh kuan-hong tsìng-hú tshut-pán ê tshut-pán-bu̍t [en], sóo-ū ê kóng-kò, sóo-ū ê kang-tsok tiûñ-sóo, teh siong-gia̍p ha̍p-tông [en], kah kî-thañ ê tsi̍t-kuá siong-gia̍p thong-sìn khuân-kíng, sóo-ū tsìng-hú tsu-tsōo ê ha̍k-hāu hām līng-guā kî-thañ ê tsi̍t-kuá-á khuân-kíng lāi-té lóng-sī pit-su sú-iōng huat-gú lâi hén-sī piáu-ta̍t kóo-thong sìn-sit.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  See the text of the Toubon Law in English at La Délégation Générale à la Langue Française. (Eng-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Tsiong Thài-iām [zh]
* Oxford tāi-ha̍k chhut-pán-siā [en] (Oxford tāi-ha̍k tshut-pán-siā/Oxford University Press)
* Pī kik [en] (Aversive case)
* Sin Tui [en] (Xin Zhui)
* Chū-iû A-chiu tiān-tâi [en] (Tsū-iû A-tsiu tēn-tâi/Radio Free Asia)

Guā-pōo lên-ket
---------------

* Proposition de loi complétant la loi n° 94-665 du 4 août 1994 relative à l'emploi de la langue française (Eng-gí)
* La protection linguistique des salariés dans la mondialisation: l’exemple de la France, communication de J-Cl. Amboise (Eng-gí)
* L'emploi de la langue française : le cadre légal, sur le site de la DGLFLF (Eng-gí)
* La loi Toubon est-elle applicable aux NTIC ? (Eng-gí)
1930 nî ê Bū-siā
**Bū-siā sū-kiāⁿ** (霧社事件) sī Tâi-oân tī Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi tiong-kî ê 1930 nî hoat-seng ê goân-chū-bîn bú-chong khí-gī sū-kiāⁿ. Po̍k-hoat ê tē-tiàm tī-leh chit-má ê Lâm-tâu-koān Jîn-ài-hiong. Sū-kiāⁿ ê khí-in sī Seediq-cho̍k goân-chū-bîn put-boán Chòng-tok-hú tn̂g-kî í-lâi ê po̍k-chèng, iû thâu-lâng Mona Rudo su̍t-niá kok pō͘-lo̍h liân-ha̍p khí-sū, kong-kek iû Ji̍t-pún-lâng kiàn-li̍p ê iūⁿ-pán chū-lo̍h Bū-siā, thàn Bū-siā kong-ha̍k-hāu kí-hêng ūn-tōng-hōe sî thâi-sí chē-chē Ji̍t-pún-lâng. Sū-hoat liáu-āu, Ji̍t-pún hong-bīn má-siōng tiàu-chi̍p kun-tūi kap kéng-chhat, ēng hui-hêng-kim soaⁿ-phàu, to̍k-khì téng-téng bú-khì kiông-le̍k tìn-ap. Chòe-āu, Mona Rudo chū-sat, chham-ú hêng-tōng ê pō͘-lo̍h cho-gū bia̍t-cho̍k, chē-chē cho̍k-jîn chi̍p-thé tiàu-tāu, chhun-ê î-seng-chiá pī Ji̍t-pún-lâng soá khì Chhoan-tiong-tó chi̍p-tiong koán-lí. Chit pái ê sū-kiāⁿ gông-gia̍h tio̍h Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú kap kok-chè siā-hōe, tî-liáu Tâi-oân Chóng-tok-hú ê lí-hoan chèng-chhek cho-gū tio̍h tiōng-tāi thiáu-chiàn, mā chō-sêng hit-tang-chūn ê chóng-tok Isizuka Eizô lī-chit.
**Lōan í chè-chok-jîn** (Hàn-jī: 戀與製作人, Ji̍t. 恋とプロデューサー〜EVOL×LOVE〜, Eng. Mr Love: Queen's Choice / Mr Love: Dream Date) sī So͘-chiu-tia̍p-chí-bóng-lo̍k-kho-kī-iú-hān-kong-si (蘇州疊紙網絡科技有限公司) khai-hoat ê lú-sèng-hiòng **chhiú-ki**-iû-hì.

Sè-kài-koan
-----------

### Chhiah-sek lú-ông ká-soat (赤色女王假說, The Red Queen Hypothesis)

### Evol

Evol sī bun chok tiong chhiau-lêng-le̍k ê chheng-ho͘.

### Black Swan Kè-hoa̍t (Black Swan Project)

Teng-tiûⁿ jîn-bu̍t
------------------

### Khó-kong-lio̍k tùi-siōng

* Pe̍h-khí (白起)

Loān-gí-chhī te̍k-chhiam-sú(特遣署) ê Evol tek-pia̍t-kéng-chhat, Evol sī khòng-chè hong.
* Lí Te̍k-giân (李澤言)

Hôa-juē(華銳)-chi̍p-toân ê CEO , Evol sī khòng-chè sî-kan.
* Hí-be̍k (許墨)

Loān-gí-tāi-ha̍k(戀語大學) ê khek-chō(客座) kàu-siū, Evol bī-ti.
* Chiu Kî-lo̍k (周棋洛)

Chhiau-kip kī-seng(巨星), Evol sī choa̍t-tui khip-ín-le̍k.
1. ↑  Au-bí sū-ho̍k-khì, chhàm-kiàn koan-hong Twitter.
2. ↑  Tang-lâm-a sū-ho̍k-khì, chhàm-kiàn koan-hong Twitter.
Im-ga̍k (Bí-kok Hái-kun Ga̍k-thoân ián-chàu)
**Kun chi Tài** (君之代, Ji̍t-pún-oē: 君が代, Hepburn-sek Lô-má-jī: Kimigayo), ia̍h-sī **Kun-tāi-koa** (君代歌), sī Ji̍t-pún ê kok-koa. Koa-sû chhut-chù (出處) sī *Kó͘-kim Hô-koa-chi̍p* (古今和歌集), tâu chi̍t kù sī 我が君は (wa ga kimi wa, gún kok-kun (國君)). Liáu-āu tī *Hô-Hàn Lóng-ēng-chi̍p* (和漢朗詠集) chhut-hiān hiān-tāi pán. Chò-khek-chiá sī Hayashi Hiromori (林廣守).

*Kun chi Tài* siōng chá tī Bêng-tī Sî-tāi (明治時代) tēng-chò Ji̍t-pún kok-koa. Hiong-káng Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi (香港日本時代) ū chèng-sek Tiong-bûn (Bûn-giân-bûn) pán, hō-choè *Hông-chò͘* (皇祚). Tē 2 pái sè-kài tāi-chiàn (第二擺世界大戰) í-āu, in-ùi Chù-ji̍t Bêng-kun Chóng-su-lēng (駐日盟軍總司令) kong-pò͘ Ji̍t-pún chèng-hú tāi-chiàn chìn-chêng ê kong-kò (公告) bô-hāu, só͘-í piàn-chò sū-si̍t siōng (事實上, de facto) ê kok-koa. 1999 nî 8 goe̍h 9 ji̍t, Ji̍t-pún Chham-gī-īⁿ (日本參議院) tong-koè *Koan-sia̍p (關涉) Kok-kî kap Kok-koa ê Hoat-lu̍t* (国旗及び国歌に関する法律, kán-lio̍k-chò (簡略做) *Kok-kî Kok-koa Hoat*), *Kun chi Tāi* koh chiâⁿ-chò chèng-sek ê Ji̍t-pún kok-koa, ùi 2000 nî 3 goe̍h 1 ji̍t khí ū hāu.

Koa-sû
------

| Goân-bûn (1999 nî) | Choan iōng kana | Ji̍t-pún-sek Lô-má-jī | Hiong-káng Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê bûn-giân hoan-e̍k (Bân-lâm-gú tha̍k-chhè-im) | Hui chèng-sek Bân-lâm-gú hoan-e̍k |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 君が代は千代に八千代にさざれ石[1]のいわお[2]となりて苔の生すまで | きみがよはちよにやちよにさざれいしのいわおとなりてこけのむすまで | kimigayo watiyo ni yatiyo nisazareisi noiwao to naritekoke no musu made | 皇祚連綿兮久長 
萬世不變兮悠長
小石凝結成巖兮
更巖生綠苔之祥
Hông-chò͘ liâm-biân hê kú-tiông,
bān sè put piàn hê iû-tiông.
Sió se̍k gêng-kiat sêng giâm hê,
kèng giâm seng lio̍k thai chi siông.[3] | Lí ê nî-hè 
ū chheng-tāi, it-ti̍t-kàu peh-chheng tāi, 
ùi chio̍h-á kiat-chò gâm-chio̍h,
kàu gâm-chio̍h seⁿ thî. |

Chù-kái
-------

1. ↑  さざれ石 mā ē-sái siá-chò 細石.
2. ↑  いわお ê Hàn-jī sī 巖.
3. ↑  liân-ue̍h sī chham-khó, si̍t-chè siōng ta̍k jī lóng bô piàn-tiàu.

Koan-liân Bûn-chiuⁿ
-------------------

* Hino kī-choa̍t phoāⁿ-chàu Kun chi Tāi ê sò͘-siōng (Hino 拒絕伴奏君之代的訴訟)
* Kun chi Tāi siáu-liân

Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
-----------------

* 东京教师未唱君之代遭处分 上法庭告教委 (Hoâ-gí)

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|  | Wikisource ū koan-hē pún bûn-chiong ê goân-sú bûn-pún:
**:ja:君が代** |
2009 nî sè-kài kok-kok ê kun-tūi jîn-sò͘
**Kun-tūi** (軍隊), iā hō-chò bú-chong le̍k-liōng, sī kok-ka ūi-tio̍h pó-hō͘ i-ê kok-ka kap jîn-bîn ê lī-ek, siū-khoân sú-iōng tì-bēng bú-le̍k kap bú-khì ê chèng-kui bú-chong le̍k-liōng. Kun-tūi ê jīn-bū it-poaⁿ sī pó-hō͘ kok-ka kap jîn-bîn, í-ki̍p tùi kî-thaⁿ kok-ka hoat-tōng chiàn-cheng; mā ū chi̍t-kóa kok-ka ê chèng-kui bú-chong le̍k-liōng bô kiò-chò "kun-tūi", chhin-chhiūⁿ oân-choân kun-sū-hòa ê Ji̍t-pún Chū-ōe-tūi.

Taⁿ it-poaⁿ kok-ka ê kun-tūi tāi-iok ū lio̍k-kun (hâm hiàn-peng), hái-kun (hâm hái-kun lio̍k-chiàn-tūi) kap khong-kun téng kun-chióng. Lēng-gōa koh ū te̍k-sû pō͘-tūi, thài-khong pō͘-tūi, tiān-chú-chiàn pō͘-tūi téng-téng. Tī kun-jîn tiong, ū kun-koaⁿ, sū-koaⁿ, sū-peng téng kun-kai. Kun-tūi ē-tàng lī-iōng kok-ka gī-bū-e̍k ia̍h-sī chì-goān-e̍k lâi pó-chhiong peng-goân.

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