Tao-cho̍k
Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê Tao-cho̍k chú-tê ia̍p-su.
**Tao** sī tiàm-tī Tâi-oân kûn-tó ê 1-ê goân-chū-bîn-cho̍k. In khiā-khí ê Lân-sū (蘭嶼) tī hiān-chhú-sî ê hêng-chèng-khu sio̍k-tī Tâi-tang-kōan Lân-sū-hiong. Kàu 2003-nî thóng-kè ûi-chí ê jîn-kháu ū 3,000-gōa-lâng, lóng-chóng hun-chò 6-ê chhoan: Âng-thâu (紅頭), Gî-jîn (漁人), Iâ-iû (椰油), Tang-chheng (東清), Lóng-tó (朗島) kap Iá-gîn (野銀).

**Tao** tō-sī "lâng" ê ì-sù, sù-siông in mā hō· lâng kiò-chò **Yami**, chit-ê miâ sī Ji̍t-pún ê ha̍k-chiá Torii Ryuzo ( Hàn-jī: 鳥居龍藏) hō--ê, 1995-nî lâi tī Tâi-oân pún-tó ê Tao siàu-liân-lâng sêng-li̍p "Tao Tông-hiong-hōe" (達悟同鄉會), khai-sí iau-kiû kā **Yami** kái-chò in gôan-té ê cho̍k-miâ: **Tao**.

Tī Tâi-oân tang-lâm gōa-hái ê **Lân-sū-tó** (蘭嶼島), gôan-té hō-chò **Âng-thâu-sū** (紅頭嶼), bīn-chek ū 45 pêng-hong-kong-lí, sī 1-ê hóe-soaⁿ-tó. Tó-sū téng-kôan tōa-pō·-hūn lóng soaⁿ, hō· jia̍t-tài ú-lîm khàm-tiâu leh.

Tao cho̍k-lâng thôan-thóng ê jîn-ke-chhù sī pòaⁿ-hiat-ki (半穴居), in-ūi tòa tī hái-tó, in khò lia̍h-hî seng-o̍ah. Ta̍k-tang 3-go̍eh kah 6-go̍eh tòe o͘-hái-chúi siû--lâi ê poe-o͘, sī in siōng-tiōng-iàu ê chia̍h-mi̍h. In mā chèng-choh han-chî, ō·-á kap tai-á-bí.

Hái-iûⁿ tī in ê seng-o̍ah lāi-té chin tiōng-iàu, só·-í hî-chûn lo̍h-chúi ê lé mā chiâⁿ-chò Tao-cho̍k 1-tang lāi-bīn chin iàu-kín ê tāi-chì.

Tao-cho̍k tī tē-lí-siōng kap kî-thaⁿ cho̍k-kûn keh-khui, in sī Tâi-oân goân-chū-bîn lāi-té khah òaⁿ kap Hàn-jîn chiap-chhiok ê 1-cho̍k.

Le̍k-sú
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### Chng-siā

Torii Ryuzo tiāu-chá ê sî Âng-thâu-sū téng-bīn ū 8-ê chng-siā (*namén*):

| Tao-gí | kî-tha siá-hoat | Ji̍t-pún miâ | Hàn-miâ |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Imouród-namén | ímaorod, imorod | 佐野村 | 紅頭社 |
| Ivarinu-namén | ívalin | 東丘村 | 銀野社 |
| Ivariminuk-namén | íranmilek, iranumilek | 清水村 | 東清社 |
| Dimawáwó-namén† |  | 中村 | 舊社 |
| Irarai-namén | jiraralay, iraraley | 菊地村 | 朗島社 |
| Yayu-namén | jiayo, yayo | 西陽村 | 椰油社 |
| Ivatashi-namén‡ | iwatas | 栗村 | 伊瓦塔司社 |
| Iratai-namén | iratay | 南根村 | 漁人社 |

* †Dimawáwó tī 1929 nî Utusikawa Nenozô (移川子之蔵) tiāu-chá sî í-kêng bô chûn-chāi.
* ‡Ivatashi tī 1947 nî pēng ji̍p Yayu.

Poe-o͘ bûn-hòa
--------------

Poe-o͘ ē-sái kóng sī Tao bûn-hòa ê tiong-sim.

Ta̍k-nî 3--go̍eh, poe-o͘ lóng ē tòe o͘-hái-chúi siû lâi Lân-sū chit-tah, Tao cho̍k-lâng ē pān Mivanwa, iā-tō-sī chio poe-o͘ lâi kàu-ūi ê chè-lé, chè-lé soah liáu-āu, in tō khai-sí lia̍p poe-o͘, m̄-koh tú-khí-kó· in kan-taⁿ tī àm-sî lia̍h, ēng táⁿ-má-hóe chhiō-kng, lâi siâⁿ hî.

Kàu 4-go̍eh, chiah ún-chún ji̍t--î ēng sè-chiah chûn-á tiàu tōa-hî, ōaⁿ àm-sî hioh-khùn, 5-go̍eh kàu 7--go̍eh, tō bô thâu-chêng ê hān-chè, chò lâng tī ji̍t--sî lâi lia̍h, chit-kúi-kò· go̍eh sī siōng bô-êng ê sî-chūn, m̄-koh chit-tōaⁿ sî-kan, in kan-taⁿ lia̍h poe-o͘, kî-thaⁿ ê hî bē-sái lia̍h.

Lia̍h--tio̍h ê poe-o͘ nā chia̍h bē-liáu, tio̍h kā pha̍k-koaⁿ, tán 9--go̍eh kòe, chha-put-to Hàn-jîn kòe Peh-go̍eh-cheh liáu-āu, tō bē-sái koh chia̍h poe-o͘--ah, chia̍h bô-liáu--ê lóng tio̍h hìⁿ-sak.

Tao tī bô-kāng go̍eh-hūn kui-tēng bô-kāng lia̍h hî ê choh-hoat, tùi seng-thài ū lī-ek, chia̍h poe-o͘ ū sî-kan ê hān-chè, khah bē hō· cho̍k-jîn lia̍h liáu siuⁿ kòe-thâu, éng-hióng poe-o͘ ê seⁿ-thòaⁿ.

Tao kā poe-o͘ khòaⁿ-chò sī Thiⁿ siúⁿ hō· in ê sîn-sèng mi̍h-kiāⁿ, só·-í tio̍h chun-chhûn lâi bīn-tùi. Tī in ê sîn-ōe kò·-sū lāi-té siōng-kài tiōng-iàu ê tō-sī poe-o͘ thok-bāng, hit-ê kò·-sū lāi-té ū kóng ta̍k-khóan poe-o͘ beh án-chóaⁿ chia̍h, koh kóng hái-tiùⁿ ê chúi thè liáu-āu, lâng kā lê, hē kap poe-o͘ lām-lām chú lâi chia̍h, kiat-kó seⁿ lia̍p-á phòa-pēⁿ, kò·-sū ū tiám-tú **mavaeng so panid**( Tao-gí ê o͘-si̍t poe-o͘) kā Tao cho̍k-lâng thok-bāng ài in chò chè-lé, in mā thàu-kòe chōe-chōe khī-khek, têng-koh kā in kap chū-jiân ê koan-hē kiàn-li̍p--khí-lâi.

Tao tùi ta̍k-khóan hî-á ( Tao-gí: among ) lóng koan-chhat kah chin iù-lō·, tùi alibangbang ( Tao-gí: poe-o͘) koh khah chù-tiōng. In kin-kì ta̍k-khóan poe-o͘ lâi ê sî-kan, chē-chió, tōa-sè lâi hun-lūi, pēng-chhiáⁿ ū bô-kāng-khóan ê chia̍h-hoat.

* **Sosowon** (Tao-gí: pe̍h-si̍t poe-o͘) sī poe-o͘ lāi-té siōng-chá lâi--ê, in kah-ì kng.

* **Kalalaw** ê si̍t téng-kôan ū thô-sek ê tiám, ū-sin ê hū-jîn-lâng bē-ēng-tit chia̍h, bô ē seⁿ-chhut gâu seⁿ pùi-á ê eⁿ-á, m̄-koh in khah sè-chiah, gín-á ē chia̍h-tit.

* **Mavaeng so panid**( Tao-gí: o͘-si̍t poe-o͘) chin hán ū, tio̍h ēng táⁿ-má-hóe lâi lia̍h, m̄-koh bē-sái ēng hòe lâi hang, bô chia̍h liáu ē seⁿ lia̍p-á.

* **Papataon** ( Tao-gí: si̍t ū kiô-á-sek pan-tiám ê poe-o͘) ji̍t--sî ēng hê-á kap hē ê bah lâi tiàu, chit-khóan poe-o͘ siōng-chia̍p khòaⁿ.

Chham-khó
---------

1. ↑  鳥居龍蔵原著/楊南郡譯註 (1996). *探險台灣*. 遠流. ISBN 957-32-2852-1.

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| * hián
* lūn
* pian
Tâi-oân goân-chū-bîn-cho̍k |
| --- |
|  |
| Hêng-chèng-īⁿ ū sêng-jīm | Amis-cho̍k (Pangcah)   Tayal-cho̍k   Bunun-cho̍k   Kanakanavu-cho̍k   Kavalan-cho̍k   Paiwan-cho̍k   Puyuma-cho̍k   Rukai-cho̍k   Saaroa-cho̍k   Sakizaya-cho̍k   Saisiyat-cho̍k   Seediq-cho̍k   Tao-cho̍k   Thao-cho̍k   Truku-cho̍k   Tsou-cho̍k |
|  |
| Tē-hng ū sêng-jīm | Makatao-cho̍k (Pîn-tong-koān)   Siraya-cho̍k (Tâi-lâm-chhī)   Taivuan-cho̍k (Hoa-liân-koān Hù-lí-hiong) |
|  |
| Koaⁿ-hong bô sêng-jīm | Babuza-cho̍k   Basay-cho̍k   Hoanya-cho̍k   Kaxabu-cho̍k   Ketagalan-cho̍k   Kulon-cho̍k   Luilang-cho̍k   Papora-cho̍k   Pazeh-cho̍k   Qauqaut-cho̍k   Taokas-cho̍k |
|  |
| Kî-thaⁿ hun-lūi | Ko-soaⁿ-cho̍k   Pêⁿ-po͘-cho̍k   Formosa-lâng |

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