recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Tong-hong king-tsè lūn-tân** (gô-gú: Восточный экономический форум hi̍k-tsiá ВЭФ; hàn-gú: 東方經濟論壇) sī ta̍k-nî teh Gôlôsu Vladivostok kí-hîng ê kok-tsè lūn-tân, tsú-iàu ê tsong-tsí sī teh kóo-lē guā-siong teh Gôlôsu Uán-tong tē-khu lâi tâu-tsu.

Malaysia tsóng-lí Mahathir Mohamad, Gôlôsu tsóng-thóng Vladimir Putin lóng tshut-si̍k 2019-nî Tong-hong king-tsè lūn-tân uì 2015-nî khí ta̍k-nî 9-gue̍h teh Gôlôsu Vladivostok uán-tong liân-pang tāi-ha̍k kú-hîng. Ji̍t-pún siú-siòng pat-tī 2017-nî tshut-si̍k tsit-ê lūn-tân.

Liâu-kok kok-ka hù tsú-si̍k Pany Yathotou sī 2023-nî 9-gue̍h tē-8 kài Tong-hong king-tsè lūn-tân tang-tiong siōng tiōng-iàu ê guā-pin.

Tong-hong king-tsè lūn-tân iû Gôlôsu tsìng-hú hia̍p-huē Roscongress tsí-tīng sóo tsoo-sîng ê uí-guân-huē lâi tsú-pān ê, tsit-ê tsoo-tsit iah-koh tsú-pān St. Petersburg ê kok-tsè king-tsè lūn-tân kah kî-thann tíng-tíng ê kok-tsè lūn-tân.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  "Venue of the Eastern Economic Forum". goân-loē-iông tī 2017-09-07 hőng khó͘-pih. 2017-09-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
2. ↑  Japanese Prime-Minister Abe and Foreign Affairs minister Kono are attending Far East Economic Forum (September 6-7, 2017) (Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs) in Japanese
3. ↑  Far East Economic Forum Begins Today in Vladivostok Archived 2017-09-06 at the Wayback Machine. (NHK) in Japanese
4. ↑  "Kremlin says Laos will be top guest at economic forum, no word on Kim Jong Un". *Reuters*. 10 September 2023.

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* St. Petersburg International Economic Forum
* World Economic Forum
* Boao Forum for Asia
* Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* Koaⁿ-hong bāng-chām
* Roscongress Foundation
**Sam-thue sîng-jī-huat** (hàn-gú: 三推成字法; ing-gú: three steps into characters; **sam-thui sîng-tsī huat**) ûi Tshing-kok ka-khìng [zh] 5-nî (1800年) tsìn-kang jîn-sū N̂g Khiam (黃謙) sóo tù-tsok ê tsi̍t-pōo kin-kì Tiong-kok Tsuân-tsiu lâm-uann khiunn uî-tsú ê Bân-lâm-gú im-ūn su "Uī-im miāu-ngōo" (彙音妙悟) tsit-pún tsheh lāi-té sóo thê-tshut ê siong-tsá Bân-lâm-gú phing-jī huat. Tsit khuán phing-jī huat sī-í ūn-bió "ngōo-tsa̍p ê jī-bó (guân-im)" uî king, í siann-bió "tsap-ngōo ê im (hú-im)" uî uī, koh iōng "8 im siann-tiāu" su-tsit kuàn-tshuan kî-kan, tō-lâi tsiânn-tsò "Sam thue sîng-jī huat".

Gú-sû kiat-kòo
--------------

| Ūn-bió (guân-im) |
| Siann-bió (hú-im) | Siann-tiāu (tiâu-hō) |

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  總主編 陳支平,徐泓,"閩南方言",福建人民出版社,福州市,2010年1月,pp.259-261. ISBN 978-7-211-05758-0 (Hàn-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Tiong-kok chhiat-im sin-jī [zh] (Tiong-kok tshiat-im sin-jī)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* 三推成字法 (Hàn-gí)
* 彙音與十五音傳承簡考Archived 2014-09-03 at the Wayback Machine. (Hàn-gí)
| ?Chit-á |
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| Kho: | Cyprinidae |
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| Chéng: | ***C. carassius*** |
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| ***Carassius carassius***(Linnaeus, 1758) |
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**Chit-á**/**chit-(á)-hî** (Hàn-jī: 鯽仔, ha̍k-miâ *Carassius carassius*) sī siⁿ tī ô͘, pī, chùn-kau lāi ê chi̍t-chióng hî-á, kap tāi-á kāng-khoán sio̍k tī tāi-hêng-ba̍k tāi-á-kho. Chit-chióng hî khòaⁿ--khí-lâi chhin-chhiūⁿ tāi-á, kha-chiah-phiaⁿ kēng-ku, thé-hêng bô kóng kài-tōa, hán-tit tōa kòe 1 kong-kin poàⁿ, thâu kap chhùi lóng sè-sè-ê-á, bô chhiu, it-poaⁿ lâi kóng pak-tó· khah tōa, sek-chúi sī pe̍h--ê, nā kha-chiah-phiaⁿ khah chē sī chheⁿ-chheⁿ tài ka-pi-sek. I ê kut khah chē, m̄-koh chin hó-chia̍h, sī sò·-siông ê si̍t-iōng-hî.

Chit-khóan hî kap tāi-á pí--khí-lâi khah m̄-kiaⁿ kôaⁿ. Seng-o̍ah tī chiáⁿ-chúi lāi-té. Keng-kòe tn̂g-kî ê jîn-kang phah-chéng kap chū-jiân hóan-chéng, ū put-chí-á chē khóan ê piàn-chéng, pí-lūn-kóng kim-hî tō sī chit-á iōng jîn-kang tn̂g-kî pôe-ióng kā kái--chhut-lâi ê 1 chióng chit-á ê piàn-chéng.

Chit-á tī Au-chiu kap A-chiu lóng ū, sī Tâi-ôan chin tiōng-iàu ê chiáⁿ-chúi keng-chè hî-lūi kap ióng-si̍t hî-lūi. Tiò-hî ê lâng hèng kā lia̍h. Mā ū lâng chhī tī hoe-hn̂g ê tî-á lāi chhī hó-khoàⁿ-·ê.

Chham-khó chu-liāu
------------------

* Fishbase
* fish.org.tw
Pak-kiann tn̂g-tshun lōo 6 hō īnn tsú-lâu siāng-sî kuà-iú Kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn kì Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu ê pâi-pián.
Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu tāi-iú tsng tsú-lâu 2018 khai-sí ka-kuà kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn ê pâi-pián
**Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn** (hàn-gú: 國家行政學院; ing-gú: National Academy of Governance), 1994-nî sîng-li̍p. 2018-nî khai-sí kah Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu tsit-e ki-kòo nn̄g-ê pâi-á, khiā tī Tiong-kok Pak-kiann tshī. Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn sī uī-tio̍h sik-ìng kái-kik khai-hòng hām siā-huē tsú-gī hiān-tāi-huà kiàn-siat sū-gia̍p ê su-iàu, tī 1988-nî khai-si tiû-kiàn, 1994-nî teh Pak-kiann sîng-li̍p; tong-sî uî tsiànn-pōo kip kok-bū-īnn ti̍t-sio̍k sū-gia̍p tan-uī, uá-iūnn Huat-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn kiàn-li̍p ê kong-bū-guân puê-hùn ki-kòo. Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn īnn-tiúnn sī iû kok-bū-īnn pì-su-tiúnn kiam-jīm, siú-jīm īnn-tiúnn sī Lí Kuì-sian (李貴鮮). Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn sī puê-hùn ko-kip hām tiong-kip kok-ka kong-bū-guân ê sin-hîng ha̍k-hú kah puê-ióng ko-tsân-tshù ê hîng-tsìng kuán-lí í-ki̍p tsìng-tshik gián-kiù jîn-tsâi ê tiōng-iàu ki-tē,. Tī 2018-nî thiat-siau tsîng sī khiā-tī Pak-kiann-tshī hái-tīng khu se-pak sam-khuân siōng Soo-tsiu kiô sai ê tn̂g-tshun kiô lōo 6-hō.

2018-nî 3-gue̍h, teh tshim-huà tóng hām kok-ka ki-kòo ê kái-kik tiong, pìng-ji̍p Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu. Kái-uî Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu ka-kuà ê pâi-á. Tī 2019-nî, Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu ha̍k-pò (tshòng-khan tī 1997-nî) kap Kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn ha̍k-pò（tshòng-khan tī 2000-nî) ha̍p-pìng tsò Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu (Kok-ka hîng-tsìng) ha̍k-pò.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  "党政干部院校主办学报/综合性期刊排名" (PDF). 重庆社会主义学院. 2019年3月28日. Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn (PDF) tī 2020年6月6日. 2020年6月6日 khòaⁿ--ê.
2. ↑  "中共中央党校学报 2018年 第6期". Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2019-06-12. 2020-06-06 khòaⁿ--ê.
3. ↑  "中共中央党校(国家行政学院)学报 2019年 第1期". goân-loē-iông tī 2020-06-06 hőng khó͘-pih. 2020-06-06 khòaⁿ--ê.

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Tiong-kok kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn tshut-pán siā (国家行政学院出版社)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* Tiong-kiōng tiong-iong tóng-hāu (Kok-ka hîng-tsìng ha̍k-īnn) Archived 2022-10-23 at the Wayback Machine. (Hàn-gí)
**Ông Hiong-siân**(王香禪; 1886-?) pún-miâ **Bóng-tshī**(罔市), iū miâ **Liû-sian**(留仙), **Hiong-siân**(香嬋), piáu-jī **Tāi-khing**(黛卿), gē-miâ **Bóng-tshi**(夢癡). Ông Hiong-siân tī Tâi-pak Báng-kah tshut-sì, sī Tshing-tiâu kah Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi tshut-miâ ê gē-tuànn tsham tsa-bóo si-jîn. I sī Liân Hîng ê tē-tsú, Siā Kài-tsio̍h ê bóo.

Ông Hiong-siân tshut-sin sàn-tshiah, tshù-lāi ê king-tsè lóng khò in a-hiann Ông Á-thôo(王仔塗) sîng-tam. Tsū sè-hàn, i tō khì hōo Táng Á-tī(董仔治) siu tsò khè-kiánn. Hiong-siân khai-sí tī Pîng-lo̍k-iû(平樂遊) tsiú-lâu kah Hok-tsiu-á sai-hū o̍h Pah-khik.Tsa̍p-it huè ê sî-tsūn, Hiong-siân thàu-kuè si-jîn Ông Tsú-ho̍k(王子鶴) ê kài-siāu, khì kàu Tuā-tiū-tiânn ê Kiàm-lâu su-sio̍k(劍樓書塾) hiòng Tiō It-san o̍h siá hiong-liâm-si(香奩詩), kàu-ha̍k N̂g Jīm ê *Hiong-tsháu tsian-ngóo tsù*(香草箋偶註). Hiong-siân in-uī kah-ì tha̍k *Hông-lâu bóng*, him-siān tsú-kak Lîm Tāi-gio̍k, sóo-í kā piáu-jī hō-tsò **Tāi-khing**.

Hit tang-tsūn, Hiong-siân hōo lâng hō-tsò **Tâi-uân sam-tāi bí-jîn**, tàm Tuā-tiū-tiânn Íng-lo̍k-tsō tshiùnn King-hì, Liân Hîng ta̍k kang lóng tsáu khì hia kā phâng-tiûnn. Hiong-siân mā bat kàu Tâi-lâm Pó-bí-lâu(寶美樓) piáu-ián *Jī tsìn-kiong*(二進宮), *Sam-liông kàu tsú*(三娘教子), kah *Tsè kang*(祭江), tsin tsē sū-sin lóng uī i tshi-bê. Hiong-siân tuà tī Tâi-lâm ê sî-tsūn, Liân Hîng tsìng-sik siu i tsò tē-tsú, kà i *Si-king*, *Tshóo-sû*, kah Lí Siong-ún ê si-tsi̍p, Liân Hîng koh o-ló i kóng *Kim tsik huí-jiân sîng-tsiong, put kiám Siā-tîng ēng sù.*(今則斐然成章，不減謝庭詠絮。). Iáu-m̄-koh, nn̄g lâng pīng bô kiat-hun, Hiong-siân āu-lâi kè hōo Lô Siù-huī, siá si *Būn hue*(問花). Tān-sī, Lô Siù-huī suah pàng-sak i, tsáu khì kah Tshuà Phik-gîm tàu-tīn, nn̄g lâng tsiông-tshú lī-iân.

Hiong-siân tsin tsheh-sim, khai-sí tāi-liōng siá si, iōng **Tāi-khing** tsò pit-miâ, tâu-kó Tâi-uân ji̍t-ji̍t sin-pò, tshin-tshiūnn *Tshiu-kám*(秋感), *Su-huâi*(書懷), *Mûi-hui*(梅妃), kah *Hô mûi-hui ūn*(和梅妃韻) tō sī hit tang-sî ê tsok-phín.
| ?Sè-khún |
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| Toā-tn̂g-khún  *Escherichia coli* |
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| Acidobacteria
Actinobacteria
Aquificae
Bacteroidetes
Chlamydiae
Chlorobi
Chloroflexi
Chrysiogenetes
Cyanobacteria
Deferribacteres
Deinococcus-Thermus
Dictyoglomi
Fibrobacteres
Firmicutes
Fusobacteria
Gemmatimonadetes
Nitrospirae
Planctomycetes
Proteobacteria
Spirochaetes
Thermodesulfobacteria
Thermomicrobia
Thermotogae
Verrucomicrobia |

**Sè-khún** (細菌; *bacterium*; ba̋i-kín) sī sò·-bo̍k chìam chiok-chē ê iú-ki-thé. Sè-khún pī the̍h-lâi chí-chheng prokaryotes he̍k eubacteria sīm-chí pau-koah Archaea. Chia, sè-khún kan-taⁿ kóng-sī eubacteria. Gián-kiù sè-khún ê ha̍k-būm kìo-chò sè-khún-ha̍k, sī bî-seng-bu̍t-ha̍k ê kî-tiong chi̍t pō·-mn̂g. 

Sè-khún sī só·-ū seng-bu̍t lāi-té sò·-liōng siāng-chē ê. In kóng-hoat chûn-chāi tī thô·-bah, chúi ê khoân-kéng, koh kah kî-thaⁿ seng-bu̍t kiōng-seng (symbiosis). Chiok-chē pēⁿ-goân-thé sī sè-khún. Sè-khún ê hêng-thé chiâⁿ-sè, éng-éng kan-taⁿ 0.5 kàu 5.0 μm hiah-tōa, sui-bóng ū-ê khah-tōa chhiūⁿ Thiomargarita namibiensis kap Epulopiscium fishelsoni ē tōa-kàu chhiau-kòe 0.5 mm. In it-poaⁿ ū sè-pau-piah, chhiūⁿ si̍t-bu̍t kap ko͘ hit-khoán, m̄-koh, sè-khún ê sè-pau-piah chèng-siông sī peptidoglycan só· kò·-sêng, m̄-sī cellulose (tī si̍t-bu̍t), ia̍h-m̄-sī chitin (tī *fungus*), kah eukaryote ê sè-pau-piah mā-m̄-sī sio-kâng-goân-thâu ê. Chiâⁿ-chē ē ēng flagellum lâi sóa-tín-tang, m̄-koh in ê kò·-chō kah kî-thaⁿ seng-bu̍t ê bô-kâng.

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* On-line text book on bacteriology (2015)
**Ph (jī-ha̍p jī-bió [en])** (sió-siá: **ph**) sī tsi̍t-ê jī-ha̍p jī-bó, tāi-piáu /f/ hi̍k-tsiá /p/ ê sàng-khì-im [en] /pʰ/; teh lating gú-giân lāi-té, /ph/ iōng-teh tsioh-lâi ê sû-gú; thong-siông guân-tsū elláda-gú. Kóo elláda-gú ê jī-bó /phi/ ⟨Φ, φ⟩, siōng-tāi-sing piáu-sī /pʰ/ (sàng-khì [en] ê /p/ im), in-tshú hông tsuán-lio̍k lating tsiànn-jī-huat ⟨Ph⟩, tsit-ê kuàn-lē hông tsuán-î kàu kî-thann tsi̍t-kuá ê Se-au gú-giân. ⟨φ⟩ ê elláda-gú huat-im āu-lâi kái-tsò /f/, tse mā-sī kî-thann gú-giân tang-tiong siong-kuan tsioh-sû ê huat-im.

Im-ti̍k piáu-sī
---------------

It-puann piáu-sī tshing siang-tûn sat-im ê sàng-khì-im [en] /pʰ/.

Kok-tsióng gú-giân ê piáu-sī
----------------------------

Teh huat-gú, ing-gú, uile̍ksū-gú hām kî-thann ìn-Au gí-hē lāi-té, jī-ha̍p jī-bó ⟨ph⟩ thong-siông piáu-sī hú-im [f]. Teh ing-gú lāi-té, ph tāi-piáu /f/, pí-jū /symphony/. lē-guā siōng, teh ing-gú lāi-té, ⟨ph⟩ tāi-piáu Stephen miâ-jī tang-tiong ê /v/ í-kip tsi̍t-kuá-á kóng-uē ê lâng tuì /nephew/ ê huat-im.

Teh tik-gú lāi-té, iōng-teh elláda-gú gú-guân-sû, tāi-piáu /f/, pí-jū /symphonie/. Teh huat-gú lāi-té, tāi-piáu /f/, pí-jū /phonétique/. Tī 1990-nî huat-gú ping-siá king-tsìng ê sî-tsūn, /nénuphar/ (water lily) it-sû hông king-tsìng tsò /nénufar/, sit-khì jī-ha̍p jī-bó "ph", in-uī ph lâi-tsū huán-bûn huân-gú m̄-ko m̄-sī Elláda-gú. In-uī /nénuphar/ it-sû ê ping-siá lâi-tsū tān-sû /nymphe/ sóo hîng-sîng ê tshò-ngōo ping-siá siong-kuan. Ph (sió-siá: ph), sī uile̍ksū-gú jī-bó lāi-té ê tē-20 ê jī-bó. Ph sī tsi̍t-ê hù-im, ph ê huat-im sī [f]. Ph tsok-uî hù-im tshut-hiān teh tān-sû ê khui-thâu, pí-jū 'Pheniciaid', tsok-uî jī-bó /p/ ê iân-sin jī-hîng; pí-jū 'a phobl' (pobl) tíng-tíng.

Teh Indo-Aryan lgú-giân [en] ê lating jī-bió ping-siá tang-tiong, jī-ha̍p jī-bó "ph" thong-siông piáu-sī sàng-khì hù-im [en] [pʰ]. Teh ua̍tlâm-gú lāi-té, ph tāi-piáu /pʰ/, m̄-ku ū-tang-sî-á mā-ē tha̍k-tsò /f/. Teh tâi-lô ping-im í-kip pe̍h-uē-jī lāi-té, tāi-piáu tshing siang-tûn sat-im ê sàng-khì-im [en] /pʰ/, pí-jū /pho/.

Kè-sǹg-ki tāi-bé
----------------

Ph (jī-ha̍p jī-bió [en]) ē-tàng iōng i-hā ê Unicode jī-hû piáu-sī:

* jī-bió kiat-kòo hun-kái (ki-pún lating jī-bió, piàn-im hû-hō):

| Hîng-sik | Jī-bú | Jī-hû ket-kòo | 16 tsìn-tsè tāi-bé | Suat-bîng | Pī-tsù |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Tuā-siá | **Ph** | PU+0050◌hU+0068 | `U+0050, U+0068` | Lating tuā-siá jī-bó ⟨P⟩ka-siōng latin sió-siá jī-bó ⟨h⟩ |  |
| Sió-siá | **ph** | pU+0070◌hU+0068 | `U+0070, U+0068` | Lating sió-siá jī-bó ⟨p⟩ka-siōng latin sió-siá jī-bó ⟨h⟩ |  |
|

Tsù-kái
-------

1. 1 2 3  台語字第0950151609號公告，《臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案 Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine.》，中華民國教育部，2006年10月14日. (Hàn-gí)
2. ↑  Соболевский С. И. Учебник латинского языка / С. И. Соболевский. — М.: Издательство литературы на иностранных языках, 1953. — 9 с. (Gô-gú)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Sàng-khì hù-im [en] (sàng-khì-im/Aspirated consonant)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* ScriptSource - LATIN CAPITAL LETTER (P), SMALL LETTER (h) (Eng-gí)
* ScriptSource - LATIN SMALL LETTER (ph) (Eng-gí)
* 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典--聲母索引--聲母ph (Hàn-gí)
tóng-àn:OC Central Weather Bureau.svgTiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú ê phiau-chì
Tiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú pún-pō͘
**Tiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú** (中央氣象署) sī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú ê khì-siōng choan-chek ki-koan, lē-sio̍k tī Kau-thong-pō͘, hū-chek khì-siōng koan-chek kap ī-pò gia̍p-bū, pau-hâm thiⁿ-khì, tē-tāng, hái-siōng, thian-bûn téng tē-kiû kho-ha̍k hāng-bo̍k, bo̍k-chiân iā sī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ûi-it koaⁿ-hong ê khì-siōng ī-pò, chai-hāi-sèng thiⁿ-khì te̍k-pò (hong-thai kéng-pò, hô-ú te̍k-pò, kiông-hong te̍k-pò, kē-un te̍k-pò téng) kap tē-tāng pò-kò ê hoat-pò͘ tan-ūi.

Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
-----------------

* **Tiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú** tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn.
* Kau-thong-pō͘ Tiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú
* Kau-thong-pō͘ Tiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú Lâm-pō͘ Khì-siōng Ho̍k-bū Archived 2023-09-15 at the Wayback Machine.
* Pò thiⁿ-khì ê Facebook choan-ia̍h
* Pò tē-tāng ê Facebook choan-ia̍h
* YouTube YouTube téng ê **Tiong-iong Khì-siōng-sú** pîn-tō
Lông-kho ê phiau-chì
**Pîn-tong Lông-gia̍p Seng-bu̍t Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu** (屏東農業生物科技園區), kán-chheng **Lông-kho** (農科), sī Tâi-oân ê tē-it chō lông-gia̍p seng-bu̍t kho-ki hn̂g-khu, ūi-tī Pîn-tong-koān Tióng-tī-hiong, che mā sī thong-sè-kài ûi-it ê lông-gia̍p choan-gia̍p kho-ha̍k hn̂g-khu. Lē-sio̍k tī Lông-gia̍p-pō͘. Lông-kho sêng-li̍p ê bo̍k-tek sī ūi-tio̍h beh hoat-tián lông-gia̍p kho-ki, ín-chìn lông-gia̍p kho-ki jîn-châi, hêng-sêng lông-gia̍p kho-ki ê sán-gia̍p chū-lo̍h, chhiok-chìn lông-gia̍p sán-gia̍p ê choán-hêng seng-kip, lâi khak-pó Tâi-oân lông-gia̍p ê éng-sio̍k keng-êng.

Chham-khó
---------

1. ↑  Pîn-tong Lông-gia̍p Seng-bu̍t Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu - Chiu-piⁿ khoân-kéng kái-siàu Archived 2016-11-23 at the Wayback Machine.
2. ↑  Hêng-chèng-īⁿ Lông-gia̍p Úi-oân-hōe Choân-kiû Chu-sìn-bāng > Siông-kiàn būn-tap-chi̍p (FAQ) > Pîn-tong Lông-gia̍p Seng-bu̍t Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu Tiû-pī-chhù Archived 2016-11-23 at the Wayback Machine.
3. ↑  Lông-gia̍p Seng-ki Sán-gia̍p Chu-sìn-bāng — Lông-gia̍p Seng-bu̍t Kho-ki Hn̂g-khu Archived 2016-12-25 at the Wayback Machine.
**Lí Bûn-gî** (hàn-gú: 李文儀; 1978-nî 9-gue̍h 30-ji̍t - ), Tâi-uân sin-bûn tsú-pò [en], tsú-tshî-jîn, tsè-tsok-jîn [en]; uì Ing-kok Lûn-tun tāi-ha̍k ha̍k-īnn [en] pit-gia̍p hi̍k-tit ha̍k-īnn kok-tsè kong-kiōng tsìng-tshik si̍k-sū [en]. Pat ho̍k-bū teh Tiong-kok sî-pò, Nî-tāi sin-bûn tâi [en], TVBS sin-bûn-tâi [en]. TĪ 2017-nî 6-gue̍h 1-ji̍t tsiânn-tsò Sam-li̍p iNEWS tâi, "iNEWS siong-tsìng àm-pò" (iNEWS最正晚報) tsú-pò. TĪ 2018-nî 9-gue̍h tsuán-jīm kāng-tsi̍p-thuân ê Sam-li̍p sin-bûn-tâi [en], pat tsò-kué àm-sî 8-tiám sin-bûn sî-tuānn "Sin-bûn tshim一tōo" (新聞深一度) tsú-pò. Hiān-tsú-sî tam-jīm Sam-li̍p sin-bûn-tâi "Tsìng-góo sin-bûn" (正午新聞) tsú-pò, í-ki̍p "Siau-sit ê kok-kài" ê tsú-tshî-jîn.

Sing-pîng
---------

Uì sè-hàn Lí Bûn-gî tio̍h li̍p-tsì tsiânn-tsò tsi̍t-ê sin-bûn-jîn. Tāi-ha̍k suán-ti̍k khì-tha̍k kok-li̍p tsìng-tī tāi-ha̍k sin-bûn-hē, m̄-kù i pat thán-pi̍k kóng-kuè "tsú-pò khang-khuè guân-pún bô teh jîn-sing ê kui-uē lāi-té". In-tshú pit-gia̍p liáu-āu, suán-ti̍k tsìn-ji̍p Tiong-kok sî-pò tam-jīm pò-siā kì-tsiá, tshái-hóng tsìng-tī lōo-suànn iú-kuan ê sin-bûn pò-tō. Liáu-āu teh in-iân tsè-huē tsi-hā, tsìn-ji̍p Tong-hong uī-sī [en] kah Nî-tāi sin-bûn tâi [en] tam-jīm tsú-pò [en].

Ka-tso̍k
--------

Lāu-pē Lí Khé-sìng (李啟聖) sī siōng-hāu kun-kai thè-hiu. A-kong Lí Ūn-sîng [zh] sī Tiong-hua bîn-kok kok-kun tsiòng-líng, Lí Ūn-sîng pat tam-jīm-kuè Tiong-hua bîn-kok lio̍k-kun [en] siōng-tsiòng hù-su-līng.

Lí Bûn-gî bo̍k-tsiân bī-hun. I bat thàu-lōo pē-bú ū tsi̍t-tsām-á ū-teh kā tshui kiò i khah-kín kiat-hun; m̄-ko i jīn-uî "iân-hūn nā-kàu, tio̍h-ē tú-tio̍h ū-iân--ê, án-ne tō-ē kiat-hun.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  煙霞山林 (2012-07-21). "李文儀：頭皮下的東西才是關鍵". *煙霞山林 - gracecss # 天空部落 TIAN #*. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-09-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2018-09-24 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Hàn-gí)
2. ↑  "39歲仍單身！李文儀感情隨緣 對象「半夜不要嚇到就行」". 三立新聞網. 2018-03-21. Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2018-05-26. 2018-09-24 khòaⁿ--ê.

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Tong-hong uī-sī [en]
* Nî-tāi sin-bûn tâi [en]
* Sin-bûn tsú-pò [en]

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* 新聞主播 李文儀 ê Facebook choan-ia̍h (Hàn-gí)
* Weni Li 李文儀 tī Instagram (Hàn-gí)
**Goá Ka-tī** (Eng-gí: My Own Self) sī Joseph Jacobs chhá-chi̍p ê Eng-gí gín-á-kó͘. Ruth Manning-Sanders ê *Scot-tē Bîn-sio̍k-kó͘* (*Scottish Folk Tales*) lāi-té mā ū siu.

Khài-iàu
--------

Ū 1 tùi bú-á-kiáⁿ toà tī 1 keng sè keng-á chhù, hit kho͘-ûi-á ū chē chē 'hó chhù-piⁿ'. Ū 1 àm gín-á-kiáⁿ bô ài khì khùn, lāu-bú sim-thâu ak-chak, ka-tī seng khì hioh. Boé--á ū 1 ê cha-bó͘ gín-á ùi ian-tâng-kóng lo̍h--lâi, kóng i hō chò "Goá Ka-tī"; cha-po͘ gín-á ìn kóng i mā hō kāng miâ. In chò-tīn sńg 1 khùn. Lō͘-boé cha-po͘ gín-á lā hoé-thoàⁿ ê sî, bô-sè-jī kā thoàⁿ-iù-á poé tùi cha-bó͘ gín-á ê kha--khì. Cha-bó͘ gín-á toā-siaⁿ ki. Hit tia̍p ū siaⁿ-im ùi iân-tâng-kóng thoân--lo̍h-lâi, mn̄g kóng hoat-seng siáⁿ tāi-chì, cha-bó͘ gín-á ìn kóng "goá ka-tī" khì thǹg tio̍h i ê kha. Hit ê siaⁿ-im kóng i bô eng-kai ka-tī ti hia pìⁿ-ku-pìⁿ-pih; soà--lo̍h 1 ki tn̂g chhiú-kut ùi ian-tâng-kóng chhun--chhut-lâi, kā cha-bó͘ gín-á giú cháu, siau-sit--khì.

Liáu-āu, hoān-nā a-bú kiò in kiáⁿ khì khún, i lóng chiâⁿ thiaⁿ-chhùi.

Hō-ló-oē ê pán-pún
------------------

1997 nî Tân Tēⁿ Hông-giâu ùi Eng-gí ê pán-pún kā hoan-e̍k chò Hō-ló-oē ê **Goá Ka-tī**.

Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat
-----------------

* Jacobs goân-pún ê Eng-gí pán-pún *My Own Self* Archived 2013-03-13 at the Wayback Machine.
* Tân Tēⁿ Hông-giâu hoan-e̍k ê pán-pún
Ha-ma-seng po͘-thâu.
**Há-má-seng,** mā tshing tsò **Há-má-sian,** sī Ko-hiông-chhī Kó͘-san-khu lâm-bīn khò-kīn Ko-hiông-káng ê chi̍t-ê chū-lo̍h, sī khah-chá Ko-hiông-chhī ê tiong-sim, ū éng-pái Tâi-oân chhiòng-kòan thih-lō͘ ê chhia-chām, koh-ū chham Kî-tin-khu ê Kî-āu sio-thàng ê tō͘-chûn bé-thâu.

Ha-ma-seng chi̍t-ê miâ sī tùi Ji̍t-pún-oē ê "Hamasen" (濱線) lâi-ê, sī "hái-kîⁿ lō͘-sòaⁿ" ê ì-sù, che-sī éng-pái thàng lâi-kàu chia ê thih-lō͘ ê miâ. Chi̍t-ê só͘-chāi tī Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi chha-put-to tioh-sī Minatotyô (湊町), Sinhamatyô (新濱町) chham Tokobukityô (壽町).

Kó͘-chek ia̍h éng-pái ê siat-si
-------------------------------

* (高雄市役所, たかおしやくしょ)
* (高雄警察署, たかおけいさつしょ)
* (打狗停車場)
* (打狗第一尋常高等小學校)
* Yamatakaya (山形屋, やまかたや)
* Minatotyô chhī-tiûⁿ (湊町市場)
* Ài-kok Hū-jîn Hōe-kóan (愛國婦人會館, あいこくふじんかいかん)
* Ko-hiông iû-piān-kio̍k (高雄郵便局, たかおゆうびんきょく)
* Butokuden (武德殿, ぶとくでん)
* Kó͘-san hî-chhī-tiûⁿ (鼓山漁市場)
* Eng-kok Léng-sū-kóan (英國領事館)
* Hiông-tìn Pak-mn̂g (雄鎮北門)

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: ***Ha-má-seng*** |
Hiān-tāi-hòa ê tiān-chú im-ga̍k kang-chok-sek
**Tiān-chú im-ga̍k** (電子音樂), he̍k **tiān-im** (電音), sī ēng tiān-chú ga̍k-khì kap tiān-chú im-ga̍k ki-su̍t só͘ chè-chok ê im-ga̍k; ah chhòng-chok ia̍h-sī piáu-ián chit-khoán im-ga̍k ê im-ga̍k-ka chiū hō-chò tiān-chú im-ga̍k-ka. It-poaⁿ lâi kóng, sú-iōng tiān-chú ki-hâi ki-su̍t kap sú-iōng tiān-chú ki-su̍t chè-chok ê siaⁿ-im sī ē-tàng khu-pia̍t--ê.

Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
-----------------

* **Tiān-chú im-ga̍k** tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn.
* History of Electroacoustic Music – Timeline
* A chronology of computer and electronic music Archived 2017-02-28 at the Wayback Machine.
* '120 Years of Electronic Music'  History of electronic musical instruments 1880 to present day
* Electronic Music Foundation

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Sìn-kù khòng-chè | 
* LCCN: sh85042350
* GND: 4014355-7
* BNF: cb121323832 (data)
* NDL: 00561459
* NKC: fd993392
* BNE: XX527960

 |

 |
**Tâi-tiong-chhī Chèng-hú** (臺中市政府) sī Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok (Tâi-oân) Tâi-tiong-chhī tē-hng chū-tī sū-hāng ê chòe-ko hêng-chèng ki-koan. Tī Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok Chèng-hú ê kè-kò͘ tiong sī ti̍t-hat-chhī chū-tī ê hêng-chèng ki-koan, mā tông-sî hū-chek chip-hêng tiong-iong ki-koan úi-pān ê sū-hāng. Tâi-tiong-chhī ê chū-tī kàm-tok ki-koan sī Hêng-chèng-īⁿ. Tâi-tiong-chhī lóng-chóng siat ū 28 ê it-kip ki-koan, 28 ê khu-kong-só͘, 172 ê jī-kip ki-koan, 307 keng kok-kip ha̍k-hāu, 22 keng iù-tī-hn̂g. Lēng-goā, Tâi-tiong-chhī Chèng-hú koh ū keng-êng 2 ê chhī-êng sū-gia̍p ki-kò͘.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

| * hián
* lūn
* pian
Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok (Tâi-oân) ê tē-hng chèng-hú |
| --- |
|  |
| Ti̍t-hat-chhī | 
* Ko-hiông
* Sin-pak
* Tâi-lâm
* Tâi-pak
* Tâi-tiong
* Thô-hn̂g

 |
|  |
| Séng-hat-chhī | 
* Ka-gī
* Ke-lâng
* Sin-tek

 |
|  |
| Koān | 
* Biâu-le̍k
* Chiang-hòa
* Gî-lân
* Hoa-liân
* Hûn-lîm
* Ka-gī
* Kim-mn̂g
* Lâm-tâu
* Liân-kang
* Phêⁿ-ô͘
* Pîn-tong
* Sin-tek
* Tâi-tang

 |

 |
**Tâi-oân tiān-iáⁿ** (hàn-jī: 台灣電影) sī tī Tâi-oân seng-sán kap chè-chok ê tiān-iáⁿ, ùi Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi khai-sí, hām ta̍k-ê sî-tāi ê siā-hōe hoat-tián sek-sek-siong-koan. Tong-kim ê Tâi-oân siā-hoē ū to-goân ê bûn-hoà ki-chhó͘, chū-iû koh hū-iú chhòng-chok-le̍k, só͘-í ē-tàng hō͘ tiān-iáⁿ kang-chok-chiá liông-hó ê chhun-tián bú-tâi, pēng tī Hoâ-gí tiān-iáⁿ ê pán-tô͘ téng hoat-hui it-tēng ê éng-hióng-la̍t.

Tâi-oân kā ka-kī seng-sán ê tiān-iáⁿ hō-chò **Kok-phìⁿ** (國片), iā-chiū-sī kok-sán iáⁿ-phìⁿ ê ì-sù; put-kò chit-khoán kóng-hoat kan-na the̍h-lâi kóng 1945 nî Kok-bîn Chèng-hú chiap-siu Tâi-oân liáu-āu, he̍k-chiá sī 1949 nî lióng-hoāⁿ hun-tī liáu-āu ê Tâi-oân tiān-iáⁿ.

Chham-khó
---------

1. ↑  Tâi-oân tiān-iáⁿ kán-sú Archived 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine.
2. ↑  Hêng-chèng-īⁿ Sin-bûn-kio̍k, *Chín-heng Tâi-oân tiān-iáⁿ chi chhek-lio̍k ú kè-ōe－Tâi-oân tiān-iáⁿ jû-hô bīn-tùi Hân-kok, Tāi-lio̍k téng kok chi kēng-cheng ap-le̍k*
Chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia 120N
Pa-lí, Hoat-kok chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia
**Chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia** (Hoâ-gí: 路面電車, Eng-gí: tram) sī chi̍t-chióng kiâⁿ tī thih-ki-lō͘ chhiūⁿ hoé-chhia m̄-koh bô hoé-chhia hiah tāng ê kong-kiōng ūn-su kang-kū, beh chài-lâng ia̍h chài-hoè. Kah kî-thaⁿ thih-ki-lō͘ ūn-su kang-kū bô-kâng, chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia ê thih-ki-lō͘ chú-iàu sī pho͘ tī chhia-lō͘, ē kah khì-chhia, o͘-tó͘-bái, kap koè-lō͘-lâng tâng-chê sú-iōng chhia-lō͘. Hiān-tāi ê chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia hē-thóng ū chē-chē sī kē té-poâⁿ ê chhia-sin, m̄-bián iōng tio̍h goe̍h-tâi, só͘-í ē-tàng kah kî-thaⁿ chhia-lō͘ ūn-su kang-kū kap koè-lō͘-lâng ê kiâⁿ-lō͘ chéng-ha̍p chò-hoé.

Chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia sú-iōng tiān-le̍k chò tōng-le̍k lâi kiâⁿ, i lī-iōng pantograph ia̍h trolley pole tùi khan-tī lō͘ koân-téng ê tiān-chhia-soàⁿ lâi the̍h-tio̍h tiān-le̍k.

Chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia hē-thóng tī 20 sè-kí khah-chá ê sî tī kang-gia̍p-hoà sè-kài chiâⁿ sî-kiâⁿ. Sui-bóng āu--lâi ū khah thè liû-hêng, m̄-koh choè-kīn (2006) chit kúi-tang ū koh oat-tó-tńg--lâi ê khoán-chè.

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: ***Chhia-lō͘ tiān-chhia*** |
**Bôngkóo bûn tāi-tsōng king** (Bôngkóo-gú: Монголын Трипитака; **Bôngkóo bûn tāi-tsōng king**) sī tāi-tsōng king ê Bông-kóo bûn huan-i̍k khik-pún. Téh li̍k-sú siōng lóng-tsóng ū 4-pái Bôngkóo bûn huan-i̍k khik-pún.

Li̍k-sú iân-kik
---------------

Bôngkóo bûn tāi-tsōng king iah-sī Tsōng-bûn tāi-tsōng king (Tibetan Tripitaka) ê Bôngkóo bûn huan-i̍k khik-pún, koh kiò-tsò Jû-lâi tāi-tsōng king (如來大藏經) hi̍k-tsiá Huan-tsōng king (番藏經). Bông-bûn tāi-tsōng king sī Guân Bîng Tshing sam-tiâu Bông-kóo tē-khu ê hu̍t-king huē-tsi̍p. Teh Guân-tiâu Tāi-tik (大德) nî-kan; Bîng-tiâu Bān-li̍k (萬曆) nî-kan, Tsông-tsing (崇禎) tshoo-nî; Tshing-tiâu Khong-hi (康熙) nî-kan, Khiân-liông (乾隆) nî-kan huán-ho̍k tiông-khik.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  蒙文大藏经

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Ko-lê tāi-tsōng king

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* Bông-bûn tāi-tsōng king tsu-liāu-khòo 2020-nî kiàn-sîng (Hàn-gí)
**Huat-guân sī (pak-kiann)** (hân-gú: 法源寺 (北京), koh kiò-tsò Bín-tiong sī (憫忠寺)), sī khiā-tī Tiong-kok Pak-kiann-tshī se-kau-khu tshài-tshī-kháu [en] hū-kīn kà-kiánn ôo-tông ê lâm-pîng, mā sī Pak-kiann siânn-lāi hiān-tsûn li̍k-sú siong iu-kiú ê hu̍t-sī. Sī-lāi tin-tsông tāi-liōng hu̍t-king, hu̍t-siōng kah tsio̍h-khik, bo̍k-tsiân uî Tiong-kok Hu̍t-ha̍k-īnn [de] hām Tiong-kok Hu̍t-kàu tôo-su bûn-bu̍t-kuán ê sóo-tsāi-tē. Tī 2001-nî, Huat-guân sī hōo Tiong-hua jîn-bîn kiōng-hô-kok kok-bū-īnn [en] kong-pòo tsò tē-5 phue Tiong-kok tsuân-kok tiōng-tiám bûn-bu̍t pó-hōo tan-uī [en] tsi it.

Tôo-siōng
---------

* Huat-guân sī  ji̍p-kháu ji̍p-kháu ê tâng-siōngHuat-guân sī ji̍p-kháu ji̍p-kháu ê tâng-siōng
* Huat-guân sī ê Syringa pekinesis [en] (ting-hiunn)Huat-guân sī ê Syringa pekinesis [en] (ting-hiunn)
* Tāi tsio̍h-hái kap té-tsōTāi tsio̍h-hái kap té-tsō

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  其地属原宣武区 [en]，现宣武区已并入西城区 (Hàn-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Tshài-tshī-kháu [en]
* Tiong-kok Hu̍t-ha̍k-īnn [de]
* Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University (摩訶朱拉隆功皇家佛學院大學)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* 法源寺 (北京市西城區的景點) (Hàn-gí)
* 法源寺 Archived 2020-09-20 at the Wayback Machine.(Hàn-gí)
Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông
**Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông** (張七郎; 1888 nî 12 goe̍h 16 ji̍t - 1947 nî 4 goe̍h 4) Chè-hiàn Kok-tāi, Hoa-liân-koān Chham-gì-hoē gī-tiúⁿ. I kap nn̄g ê hau-siⁿ, Hōng-lîm Chho͘-tiong Hāu-tiúⁿ Tiuⁿ Chong-jîn (張宗仁), i-sing Tiuⁿ Kó-jîn (張果仁), bô iân-kò͘ hông lia̍h--khí, poàⁿ-mî teh bōng-á-po͘ piⁿ hông chhìⁿ-sat.

Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông 1888 nî 12 goe̍h 16 ji̍t tī Sin-tek-chiu Iûⁿ-muîⁿ chhut-sì, in-uì pâi tē chhit-ē chhiah kiò Chhit-lông. 1915 nî tuì Tâi-oân Chóng-tok-hú I-ha̍k-hāu chhut-gia̍p. 1921 nî poaⁿ kàu Hoa-liân Hōng-lîm khui Jîn-siū Pīⁿ-īⁿ (仁壽病院).

Chiong-chiàn liáu-āu, Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông chin hoan-gêng Chó͘-kok lâi Tâi-oân. 1946 nî tòng-soán Hoa-liân-koān Chham-gī-goân koh tòng-soán gī-tiúⁿ, kâng nî mā tòng-soán Chè-hiàn Kok-tāi. 

Jī-jī-pat Sū-kiāⁿ hoat-seng liáu-āu i bô tan-jīm jīm-hô ê jīm-bū, in-uī i tú chiah àn Tiong-kok chham-ka Chè-hiàn Hōe-gī tńg--lâi, lóng tī-teh phoà-pīⁿ tó teh bîn-chhn̂g. 1947 nî 4 goe̍h chhe 4 àm-sî, i kap 3 ê kiáⁿ khì hō͘ Kok-bîn-tóng lia̍h--khì, hit-àm i kap nn̄g ê hāu-siⁿ, Tiuⁿ Chong-lîn (張宗仁), Tiuⁿ Kó-lîn (張果仁), teh bōng-á-po͘ piⁿ hōng chhèng-sat. I tē jī kiáⁿ Tiuⁿ I-lîn (張依仁) in-uī ū khì Tiong-kok tang-pak pīⁿ-īⁿ ho̍k-bū ê sî bat khì hō͘ Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k o-ló chiah bô tāi-chì.

Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông pē-kiáⁿ siū-hāi ê īn-sò͘, in bó͘ Chiam Kim-ki (詹金枝) ioh: 

1. Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông tī Hoa-liân-koān chham-gī-hoē tuì koān ê ī-sǹg ū ì-kiàn.
2. Tùi koā̄n-chèng kap Hōng-lîm Chho͘-tiong ū ì-kiàn.
3. Jī-jī-pat sū-kiāⁿ liáu-āu chò koān-tiúⁿ ê hāu-soán-jîn.

Chām-goā liân-kiat
------------------

* 228 Sū-kiān Kì-liām Ki-kim-hoē: Tiuⁿ Chhit-lông ê siāu-kài Archived 2010-01-21 at the Wayback Machine.

Chham-khó
---------

1. ↑  臺灣新民報社, pian. (1937). "張七郎". *臺灣人士鑑*. 呂靈石.
**Kiông-beh-khu̍t-chéng Iá-seng Tōng-si̍t-bu̍t Kok-chè Bō·-e̍k Kong-iok** (Eng-gí: *Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna*, kán-chheng **CITES**) sī 1 ê chèng-hú chi-kan ê kok-chè kong-iok, bo̍k-te̍k sī beh phiah-bián ía-seng tōng-bu̍t, si̍t-bu̍t in-ūi kok-chè bé-bē soah éng-hióng tio̍h in ê seng-chûn. Chit ê kong-iok bó·-chióng thêng-tō· pó-hō· 3-bān-gōa chióng tōng-si̍t-bu̍t.

CITES ū-sî mā hō·-chò **Washington Kong-iok**, in-ūi 1973 nî 3-goe̍h 3 tī Bí-kok Washington DC khai-hòng hō· 80-gōa-kok ê tāi-piáu chhiam-jī. 1975 nî 7-goe̍h 1 khí ū-hāu. Chìn-chêng ê chún-pī khang-khòe tùi 1963 nî tō khai-sí; hit nî Sè-kài Pó-io̍k Tông-bêng (IUCN) ê hōe-oân chū-hōe thong-kòe 1 ê koat-gī-àn.

Sui-jiân chhiam-siok kok ū hoat-lu̍t chek-jīm chip-hêng CITES ê jīm-bū, CITES pún-sin bô chhú-tāi in ê hoat-lu̍t, ke̍k-ke thê-kiong 1 ê khak-á hō· in khì siat-kè ka-kī kok-lāi ê hoat-lu̍t.

CITES iau-kiû kok-ka koán-chè chi̍t-kóa-á bu̍t-chéng ê kok-chè bé-bē. Chìn-chhut-kháu chia ê bu̍t-chéng su-iàu seng keng-kòe 1 ê hí-khó hē-thóng phe-chún chiah ē-iōng-tit.

Bo̍k-chêng iok-lio̍k ū 5,000 chióng tōng-bu̍t kap 28,000 chióng si̍t-bu̍t siū CITES pó-hō·. Chia ê chéng àn-chiàu gûi-hiám thêng-tō· pun chò 3 lūi, hō·-chò hù-lio̍k (*appendix*).

* Hù-lio̍k 1: ū khu̍t-chéng gûi-ki ê chéng. Ū te̍k-sû chêng-hêng chiah ē ún-chún bé-bē.
* Hù-lio̍k 2: bī-pit ū khu̍t-chéng ê gûi-ki, m̄-koh ūi beh phiah-bián bô hā in seng-chûn ê iōng-hoat, iá-sī ū koán-chè ê su-iàu.
* Hù-lio̍k 3: chì-chió tī 1 ê kok-ka ū siū pó-hō· ê chéng; hit kok ū iau-kiû CITES ê chhiam-siok kok tàu koán-chè bé-bē.

Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
-----------------

* CITES
	+ Chhiam-jī ê kok-ka Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine.
	+ Pó-hō· miâ-toaⁿ
**Hu̍t-ha̍k tāi sû-tián** (佛學大辭典), sī Ting Hok-pó (丁福保) ki-sū hàu-sî (耗時) 8-nî piān-tio̍k jî-sîng ê Hu̍t-ha̍k sû-tián, huan-i̍k tsū Ji̍t-pún lâng Ota Tokunou (織田得能/おだ とくのう ) ê Hu̍t-kàu tāi sû-tián (佛教大辭典), sī san-tû Ji̍t-pún Hu̍t-kàu siong-kuan tsu-liāu í-ki̍p bûn-hiàn tshut-tshú tsi-āu sóo tsiânn-tsò ê tsiat i̍k-pún. Tī 1922-nî tsìng-sik tshut-pán, siu-lio̍k tiâu-bo̍k 3-bān guā-ê, 360 guā-bān jī.

Ên-kik
------

Ing-kok lâng Soothill (蘇慧廉) hām Bí-kok lâng Hô Lo̍k-ik (何樂益) tī 1934-nî huan-i̍k tsit-pún tsheh uî ing-bûn, tshú-guā ta̍k ê jī-tiâu ka-siōng Thian-siânn bûn (Devanagari (天城文); tsuán-siá tsò Latin jī-bió). Soothill kuè-sin liáu-āu, Hô Lo̍k-ik tī 1937-nî koh-tsài king-sin, tshut-pán Hàn-thuân Hu̍t-kàu sû-tián (A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms; 漢傳佛教辭典). Lionel Giles (翟林奈) sī tsú-iàu ê kàu-tsìng-tsiá tsit-it. Tshut-pán siōng-tuā ê kim-tsînn tsàn-tsōo-tsiá uî Sòng Bí-lîng (宋美齡) tiong-ha̍k ê lāu-su Huì Má-lí (費馬利).

iû-î nî-hān ê kuan-hē, tsit-pún sû-tián pán-kuân í-king tshú-î kong-iú líng-i̍k. Soo-sī Ing-bûn pán iah-sī tshú-î kong-iú líng-i̍k.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  2009年，碩士論文（研究生：常新）宋美齡與華興中學 Ia̍h-bīn chûn-àn pī-hūn
，中原大學。
2. ↑  (Eng-gí) 蘇氏英文版，蘇氏序言 Ia̍h-bīn chûn-àn pī-hūn

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Wikisource ū koan-hē pún bûn-chiong ê goân-sú bûn-pún:
**佛學大辭典** |

* 在线佛学辞典 Ia̍h-bīn chûn-àn pī-hūn
，包括《佛学大辞典》
* (Eng-gí) 電子==化的蘇氏英文板 Ia̍h-bīn chûn-àn pī-hūn
（《A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms》）
Tâi-tiān Tōa-lâu
**Tâi-oân Tiān-le̍k Kó͘-hūn Iú-hān Kong-si** (台灣電力股份有限公司), kán-chheng **Tâi-tiān** (台電), sī Tâi-oân kui-bô͘ siāng tōa ê tiān-le̍k kong-si. Tâi-tiān ê chiân-sin sī Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê Tâi-oân Tiān-le̍k Tu-sek Hōe-siā. Bo̍k-chiân sī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Keng-chè-pō͘ ê kok-êng sū-gia̍p ki-koan, mā sī Tâi-oân tiān-le̍k lêng-goân chèng-chhek ê chip-hêng tan-ūi, hū-chek Tâi-Phêⁿ-Kim-Má ê tiān-le̍k kiong-èng. Chia̍t-chì 2017 nî, Tâi-tiān sī choân Tâi-oân si̍t-siu chu-pún-gia̍h siāng tōa ê kong-si. Tī 1995 nî Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú si̍t-si "tiān-le̍k chū-iû-hòa" chìn-chêng, Tâi-tiān hū-chek só͘-ū ê hoat-tiān, sàng-tiān, kap phòe-tiān; khai-hòng bîn-kan heng-kiàn hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ liáu-āu, bîn-kan hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ só͘ hoat chhut ê tiān-le̍k lóng hō͘ Tâi-tiān bé--khí-lâi.

Kàu 2016 nî ûi-chí, Tâi-tiān chóng-kiōng ū 11 chō chúi-le̍k hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ, 11 chō hóe-le̍k hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ, kap 3 chō êng-ūn-tiong ê he̍k-lêng hoat-tiān-chhiúⁿ. Hoat-tiān chong-tì chóng iông-liōng ū 4213.25-bān chheng-óa, hoat-tiān liōng 2257.92-ek tō͘. Kî-tiong, hóe-le̍k hoat-tiān chiàm 79.9% (pau-hâm jiân-môe 36.9%, jiân-iû 4.4%, jiân-khì 36%, khì-tiān kiōng-seng 2.6%), chài-seng lêng-goân chiàm 5.1%, chúi-le̍k 1.5%, he̍k-lêng 13.5%.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

| * hián
* lūn
* pian
Flag of the Republic of China Tâi-oân ê kok-êng sū-gia̍p |
| --- |
|  |
| Keng-chè-pō͘ chú-koan | Tâi-oân Thn̂g-gia̍p Kong-si **·** Tâi-oân Tiong-iû Kong-si **·** Tâi-oân Tiān-le̍k Kong-si **·** Tâi-oân Chū-lâi-chúi Kong-si |
|  |
| Châi-chèng-pō͘ chú-koán | Tiong-kok Su-chhut-ji̍p Gîn-hâng **·** Tâi-oân Kim-iông Khòng-kó͘ Kong-si **·** Tâi-oân Thó͘-tē Gîn-hâng **·** Tâi-oân Ian-chiú Kong-si **·** Châi-chèng-pō͘ Ìn-soat-chhiúⁿ |
|  |
| Kau-thong-pō͘ chú-koán | Tiong-hôa Iû-chèng Kong-si **·** Tâi-oân Thih-lō͘ Koán-lí-kio̍k **·** Tâi-oân Káng-bū Kong-si **·** Thô-hn̂g Kok-chè Ki-tiûⁿ Kong-si |
|  |
| Kim-kàm-hōe chú-koán | Tiong-iong Chûn-khoán Pó-hiám Kong-si |
|  |
| Tiong-iong Gîn-hâng chú-koán | Tiong-iong Chō-pè-chhiúⁿ **·** Tiong-iong Ìn-chè-chhiúⁿ |

 |
Hoat-kok Aude ê Carcassonne. 
Eng-gí ê ***castle*** (óa-im : "khá-so͘h"), thang hoan-e̍k chò **siâⁿ** (城), sī chi̍t-khoán kiàn-tio̍k, sī Tiong-sè-kí ê hông-gī siat-si. Chá-kî ê siâⁿ tāi-iok tī 9 sè-kí chhut-hiān. Tī hóe-io̍h kap hóe-phàu hoat-tián khí-lâi liáu-āu, siâⁿ-pó chiām-chiām hō iàu-sài thè-ōaⁿ khì. 

Ji̍t-pún-sek ê siâⁿ hō-chò "siro" (城, しろ); Lō͘-se-a-sek hō-chò "kreml" (*Кремль*).

Tēng-gī
-------

### Gí-goân

Eng-gí ê *castle* chit jī, lâi-goân sī Latin tan-jī *castellum*, hit jī koh sī *castrum* ê kiám-chió-sek (*diminutive*), ì-sù sī an-chē ê só͘-chāi. Kó͘ Eng-gí ê *castel*, Kó͘ Hoat-gí ê *castel* ia̍h *chastel*, Hoat-gí ê *château*, Se-pan-gâ-gí ê *castillo*, I-ta-lí-a-gí ê *castello*, kap chi̍t kóa kî-tha giân-gí ê tan-jī, mā sī tùi *castellum* thoân--kòe. *Castle* chit jī, tī Norman Cheng-ho̍k liáu-āu bô lōa-kú thoân ji̍p khì Eng-gí, pián-sī chit-má kóng chit khoán kiàn-tio̍k-bu̍t, he tī hit chūn ê Eng-lân koh sī sin mi̍h-kiāⁿ.

Chham-chiàu
-----------

1. ↑  Creighton & Higham 2003, chpt 1
**Yano Tetu** (Ji̍t-bûn: 矢野徹, 1923 nî 10 goe̍h 10 - 2004 nî, 10-goe̍h 13), Ji̍t-pún kho-ha̍k siáu-soat hoan-e̍k-chiá, chok-ka. I tùi 1940 nî-tāi bóe-kî khai-sí tōa-liōng kài-siāu Bí-kok ê kho-hoàn siáu-soat chok-phín hō· Ji̍t-pún-lâng chai. I sī thâu-1-ê hóng-būn Bí-kok ê Ji̍t-pún kho-hoàn chok-ka (1953 nî). I tàu hoat-khí Ji̍t-pún SF Chok-ka-hōe (日本SF作家クラブ), mā bat tam-jīm hōe-tiúⁿ (1978-1979).

Yano--sī chhut-seⁿ tī Ehime-koān, Matuyama-chhī; i tī Kobe-chhī tōa-hàn. Tī Tiong-iong Tāi-ha̍k (Tyuô Daigaku) tha̍k 3-tang ê chheh, liáu-āu hō· chèng-hú cheng-tiàu ji̍p-khì lio̍k-kun 2 nî koh 2 goe̍h-ji̍t. Ji̍t-pún chiàn-pāi liáu-āu, i tī Bí-kun ki-tē khioh pùn-sò tō· ji̍t-chí. I tùi Bí-kok peng-á tàn-hìⁿ-sak ê kho-hoàn siáu-soat ê chheh-phôe, ang-á chin ū chhù-bī, chū án-ne khai-sí o̍h tha̍k Eng-bûn. Kúi-nā-nî liáu-āu oân-nā liâu-lo̍h-khì hoan-e̍k ê sū-kang. Kàu-taⁿ hoan-e̍k liáu 360 pún chó-iū, te̍k-pia̍t sī Robert Heinlein, Frederik Pohl, Desmond Bagley, Frank Herbert téng-jîn ê chok-phín.

Tù-chok
-------

I koh-jîn ê chhòng-chok pau-koat:

* *Kamui ê Kiàm* (カムイの剣)
* *Tē-kiû Lêng-nî* (1969, 地球0年)
* *Chih-chóa Ú-tiū-chûn ê Thoân-soat* (1978, 折紙宇宙船の伝説).

Gōa-pō· liân-kiat
-----------------

* Ji̍t-pún SF Chok-ka-hōe ê kán-kài
Oân-kong
**Oân-kong** sī kí kiàn-tio̍k-bu̍t choh chò oan-khiau-hêng (thóng tùi téng-koân) ê niû-thiāu, mā kí kui-ê oan-khiau-hêng ê kiàn-tio̍k kò͘-chō-bu̍t.

Khài-iàu
--------

Tī 2 ki niû-thiāu ê tiong-kan, ēng khiau-soàⁿ ê kò͘-chō, thàu-koè khiau-soàⁿ khiau-lu̍t ê cheng-ka, lâi chō-chok khiau-soàⁿ ē-kha ê khong-kan, sī oân-kong ê ki-pún goân-lí. Oân-kong siōng-chia̍p tī kiô kap ū mn̂g-chhùi ê piah lâi sú-iōng, iā-chiū-sī it-poaⁿ kóng--ê oân-kong-kiô kap oân-kong-mn̂g.

Oân-kong ê kò͘-chō--ni̍h, toā-pō͘-hūn tūi-ti̍t ê tāng-liōng lóng choán-chò ap-sok-le̍k thoân khì oân-kong ê 2 ê chi-tiám, chit-khoán kò͘-chō kap khiā-ti̍t ê niū-thiāu bô-kâng, khiā-ti̍t ê niû-thiāu toā-pō͘-hūn áu-chih ê le̍k-kí kap chián-le̍k lóng sàng lâi tī thán-khiā ê niû-thiāu téng-koân. Mā in-ūi án-ne, tùi ap-sok-le̍k toā, chián-le̍k kap tiong-le̍k téng-téng pí-káu-tek khah sè ê thia̍p-choh kiàn-tio̍k-bu̍t lâi kóng, oân-kong sī chin hó ê khí-chō hong-sek.

Iú-koan ê bûn-chiuⁿ
-------------------

* Oân-kong-kiô
* Oân-kong-mn̂g
Kán Kiat
**Kán Kiat** (Hàn-jī: (簡吉; 1903 nî 5 goe̍h 20 – 1951 nî 3 goe̍h 7), Tâi-oân Hōng-soaⁿ-lâng, sī tī Ji̍t-pún thóng-tī sî-tāi ê chú-iàu lông-bîn ūn-tōng-chiá, 1925-nî khai-sí thui-tōng sêng-li̍p lông-bîn cho͘-ha̍p, bat sī Tâi-oân Lông-bîn Cho͘-ha̍p ("Lông-cho͘") chú-iàu kàn-pō͘.

Poē-kéng
--------

Pian-chi̍p tiong *Chit pha iáu-bōe ū lâng siá. Chhiáⁿ tàu pó͘-chhiong lōe-iông.*

Ūn-tōng seng-gâi
----------------

Tī Kán Kiat, Tiō Káng (趙港), kap Lông-cho͘ kàn-pō͘ ê ló͘-le̍k thui-tōng chi-hā, Lông-cho͘ tùi chho͘ sêng-li̍p ê 5-ê chi-pō͘, 1000-goā miâ hoē-oân, kàu liáu 1928-nî té sî í-keng ū 27-ê pō͘, hoē-oân jîn-sò͘ ū 24000 chiah chē, sī Tâi-oân tong-sî siōng ū éng-hióng-le̍k ê siā-hoē thoân-thé. Kán Kiat ūi-tio̍h cheng-chhú lông-bîn koân-lī bat chē-kaⁿ, siōng tn̂g ê chi̍t-pái sī 1931-nî khí chē-kaⁿ 10 tang, chhut-lâi liáu iû-goân jia̍t-sim lông-bîn ūn-tōng, choè-āu in-ūi chham-ka Kiōng-sán-tóng kái-hòng Tâi-oân ūn-tōng, pī chí-khòng sī chham-ú chhek-tōng 228 Sū-piàn ê "húi-tia̍p". In-ūi án-ne pī lia̍h phoàⁿ sí-hêng, 1951-nî 3-goe̍h 7-ji̍t pī chhèng-sat, hiáng-nî 49 hoè.

Sī-sè
-----

Tâi-oân Tāi-chiòng Tiān-náu Chi̍p-thoân ê táng-sū-tiúⁿ Kán Bêng-jîn (簡明仁) sī Kán Kiat ê hāu-seⁿ.

Chham-khó chu-liāu
------------------

* 韓嘉玲，《播種集—日據時期臺灣農民運動人物誌》，財團法人簡吉陳何文教基金會，1997年
* 蔡文輝，《不悔集—日據時代臺灣社會與農民運動》，財團法人簡吉陳何文教基金會，1997年

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: ***Kan Kiat*** |
**Bînlâm-gí gí-huat** (bînlâm-gí bûn-huat; tâi-lô: bân-lâm-gí gí-huat，poj: bân-lâm-gí gí-hoat, bân-phing: bbánlám-ggí bûn-hoat; eng-gí: minnanese grammar) sī bân-lâm-gí gí-gên ê bûn-huat. Bân-lâm-gí gí-gên ê bun-huat tsong-tsí (goal) sī teh suat-bîng bân-lâm-gí án-nuā kèn-li̍p kù-hîng, sû-tsoo, kah tan-sû tíng-tíng ket-kòo (structure) ê kui-tsik. Kah kî-thañ ê hàn-gí gí-gên kāng-khuán, bân-lâm-gí m̄-sī hun-sik gí, bîng-sû bô kik-uī (grammatical case), sìng-pe̍t (grammatical gender) kah sòo-liōng (quantity) ê khu-pia̍t, m̄-kù su-iàu iōng liông-sû (Classifier (linguistics)); tōng-sû bô hun jîn-tshing (grammatical person) kah sòo-liōng, m̄-kù ē-iōng tsōo-tōng-sû (auxiliary verb) iá-sī tōng-sû póo-gí (complement (linguistics)) lai piáu-sī sî-thài (grammatical tense) kah gí-khì (grammatical mood), koh ē-sái tsiâñ-tsē tōng-sû khǹg teh kāng tsi̍t-e̊ bûn-kù lāi-té, tō sī sóo-kóng ê lên-tōng ket-kòo. Bân-lâm-gí ê kui-huān ki-kòo (機構) sī teh tâi-uân ê Tiong-hua Bîn-kok kàu-io̍k-pōo, kuan-hong ê bân-lâm-gí phing-im huat-tsik sī tâi-lô phing-im kah tâi-uân hong-im hû-hō (臺灣方音符號). 

Bînlâm-gí bo̍k-tsiân tsú-iàu iōng-tēh hok-kèn lâm-pōo, kńg-tang tang-pōo, tsik-kang lâm-pōo, tâi-uân, sin-ka-pho, má-lâi-se-a, tang-lâm-a, kah hái-guā huâ-jîn tsi-kan, sio̍k-î bân-gí ê tsi̍t-tsióng. Bân-lâm-gí teh kok-tē e tshing-hoo (title) lóng bô kāng-khuán, teh tang-lâm-a kiò-tsò hok-kèn-uē; teh tiong-kok tāi-lio̍k kiò-tsò hok-kèn hong-gên, bân-lâm-uē, bân-lâm-gí iá-sī bân-lâm-gí hong-gên; teh tâi-uân kiò-tsò tâi-gí, mā-sī ū-lâng kiò hô-ló-uē.

Tsù-kái
-------

1. 1 2  馬重奇,"閩南方言的源流與嬗變",福建人民出版社,福州市,7月,2005年. (Hàn-gí)

Tsham-khó bûn-hèn
-----------------

* 李如龍,"閩南方言語法研究",福州,福建人民出版社,2007-07。ISBN-978-7-211-05423-7 (Hàn-gí)
* 盧廣誠,"臺灣閩南語概要",南天書局有限公司,臺北市,1月,2006年. (Hàn-gí)
* 林寶卿,"閩南語教程",廈門大學出版社,厦门市,3月,2005年. (Hàn-gí)
* 蔣為文,"語言,認同與去殖民",成功大學臺灣文學系,臺南市,1月,2005年. (Hàn-gí)
* 潘春發,楊景紘,陳春美,"學生臺語演講稿文集",旭智文化事業出版,臺北市,11月,2004年. (Hàn-gí)
* 許極燉,"臺語學講座",開拓出版有限公司,臺北縣新店市,7月,2003年. (Hàn-gí)
* 魏益民,"實用鄉土生活臺灣話",南天書局有限公司,臺北市,2月,2001年. (Hàn-gí)
* Wells,J.C."Orthographic diacritics and multilingual computing",Dept. of Phonetics and Linguistics, University College London,UK,2001.. (Eng-gí)
* 許極燉,"臺灣話通論",南天書局有限公司,臺北市,5月,2000年. (Hàn-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Bîn-lâm-gú im-hē (閩南語音系)

Guā-pōo lên-ket
---------------

* 中研院語言所 - 期刊目錄 (Hàn-gí)
* 鹭水芗南-闽南语部落 (Hàn-gí)
* 台灣羅馬字協會 (Hàn-gí)
* 台語新詞辭庫
* Tâi-gí thiaⁿ-siá liān-si̍p (台語聽寫練習)
**Tsiok-íng Hú-sing** (hàn-gú: 燭影斧聲), mā kiò-tsò Hú-sing Tsiok-íng (斧聲燭影), Tsiok-kong Hú-íng (燭光斧影), sī teh kóng tī kong-guân 976-nî Pak Sòng kkhai-kok hông-tè Sòng Thài-tsóo Tiáu Khong-īn (趙匡胤/Tiō Khong-īn) tu̍t-jiân kà-ping (駕崩), Sòng Thài-tsóo ê sió-tī tio̍h-sī Sòng Thài-tsong Tiáu Kong-gī (趙光義) tuè-bué-tsiū kè-uī tsi-kan sóo huat-sing ê bî-àn sú-ha̍k-kài (史學界) huâi-gî Tiàu Kong-gī sì-hing (弒兄) tshuàn-uī. Iú-kuan tsit-tsām tāi-tsì ê kì-tsài í sing-jîn Bûn-íng (文瑩) ê Sio̍k siong-san iá-lio̍k (續湘山野錄) sóo kì-tsài sū-tsik liû-thuân siong kóng-huàn.

Kuè-tîng
--------

Tsiok-íng Hú-sing tsi-sū teh tsìng-sú (正史) pīng-bô tsit-khuán tāi-tsì ê kì-tsài, m̄-koh teh Sòng-sú Thài-tsóo Pún-kì (宋史·太祖 本紀) tíng-kuân ū án-ne siá: "Hông-tè (Sòng Thài-tsóo Tiáu Khong-īn) kà-ping teh Bān-suè tiān (萬歲殿), huē-sóo 50" (帝崩於萬歲殿，年五十). Khai-pó 9-nî Tang-thinn 9-gue̍h kuí-thiú (癸丑) tshim-iā (深夜) (kong-guân 976-nî 11-gue̍h 14-ji̍t), Tiàu Kong-gī to-teh lîng-kiū (靈柩) tsi-tsîng tsik-uī (即位), lî-tshiánn it-huán û-nî (逾年/tsi̍t-nî liáu-āu) kái-guân (改元) ê kuàn-lē, tī Khai-pó 9-nî 12-gue̍h kap-în (甲寅) (kong-guân 977-nî 1-gue̍h 15-ji̍t) kái-guân Thài-pîng Hing-kok.

Kin-kì Bûn-íng ê "Sio̍k siong-san iá-lio̍k":

Tsù-kái
-------

1. ↑  s:宋史/卷004 開寶九年冬十月癸丑，太祖崩，帝遂即皇帝位。...十二月甲寅...改是歲為太平興國元年。 s:宋史/卷004 開寶九年十二月甲寅...改是歲為太平興國元年。

Tsham-khó bûn-hiàn
------------------

* 禚夢庵，《金匱之盟與燈影斧聲之說考辨》。(Hàn-gí)
* 劉洪濤，《從趙宋宗室的家族釋燭影斧聲之謎》。(Hàn-gí)
* 劉安志，《近年來"燭影斧聲"與金匱之盟研究述評》。(Hàn-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t
----------

* Usurper (tshuàn-uī)
* Kim-kuī tsi bîng (金匱之盟)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat
-----------------

* 《疑案裡的中國史》：宋太祖趙匡胤是否真的死於「斧聲燭影」？兇手就是趙光義？ (Hàn-gí)
* 燭影斧聲--千古之謎 (Hàn-gí)
* 斧声烛影--北宋谜案 (Hàn-gí)
* 燭影斧聲--歷史典故 (Hàn-gí)
iPhone 15
**iPhone** sī Apple kong-si kî-hā gián-hoat ê hêng-tōng tiān-ōe hē-lia̍t; i tah-chài Apple kong-si gián-hoat ê iOS chhiú-ki chok-gia̍p hē-thóng. Tē-it tāi iPhone tī 2007 nî 1 goe̍h 9 hō, iû tông-sî Apple kong-si ê CEO Steve Jobs hoat-pò͘, pēng tī kāng-nî 6 goe̍h 29 hō chèng-sek hoat-siū. 2015 nî 9 goe̍h 9 hō, Apple kong-si tī Bí-kok Kū-kim-soaⁿ kí-hêng sin-sán-phín hoat-pò͘-hōe téng, thui-chhut tē-káu tāi sán-phín iPhone 6S, tī kāng-nî 9 goe̍h 25 hō chèng-sek hoat-siū. Apple kong-si kî-hā tì-hūi-hêng chhiú-ki iPhone hē-lia̍t, iōng kò-pia̍t thui-chhut ê khoán-sek lâi kè-sǹg, ē-sái sī choân-kiû siau-liōng tē-it-tōa ê tì-hūi-hêng chhiú-ki.

iPhone ê sú-iōng-chiá kài-bīn kiàn-li̍p tī se̍h chhiú-ki ê to-tiám chhiok-khòng êng-bō͘, tong-tiong pau-koat tio̍h hi-gí kiàn-poâⁿ. I sī chi̍t-khoán kiat-ha̍p tio̍h hip-siàng kong-lêng, kò-jîn sò͘-ūi chō͘-lí, mûi-thé pò͘-hòng-khì, ióng-iú siu-hoat tiān-chú iû-kiāⁿ, bû-soàⁿ thong-sìn chong-tì, bāng-ia̍h liû-lám téng-téng kong-lêng ê tì-hūi-hêng chhiú-ki, pēng chi-oān Wi-Fi, 2G, 3G kap LTE ê liân-chiap; ki-î chiân-su̍t liân-chiap liân-soàⁿ kàu VPN sù-ho̍k-khì, si̍t-hiān hi-gí choan-soàⁿ bāng-lō͘ ho̍k-bū. I iáu ē-sái lo̍k-iáⁿ, hip-siàng, siu-hoat tiān-chú-phoe kap liû-lám bāng-ia̍h. Kî-thaⁿ kong-lêng chhiūⁿ tiān-tōng iû-hì, chham-khó kang-chok, GPS tō-hâng kap liân-chiap siā-kûn bāng-lō͘ téng-téng, chia-ê lóng ē-sái thàu-kòe hā-chài èng-iōng thêng-sek lâi si̍t-hiān, téng-î sī chi̍t tâi sok-sió te̍k-hòa ê kò-jîn tiān-náu.
Tiuⁿ Khek-huiTiuⁿ Khek-hui
**Tiuⁿ Khek-hui** (張克輝), Tiong-kok **Chôan-kok Chèng-hia̍p** hù chú-se̍k, Hàn-cho̍k, Lâm-sèng ( cha-po·--ê ), 1928 nî 2 ge̍h chhut-sì, Tâi-ôan Chiong-hòa-lâng, Tiong-kok Tâi-bêng (中國臺盟) ê sêng-ôan, Kiōng-sán-tóng-ôan, sī **Ē-mn̂g Tāi-ha̍k Keng-chè-hē** ê pit-gia̍p-seng. 1948 nî chham-ka kong-chok. (1928-2024)

Kán-kài
-------

1942 nî ~ 1948 nî tī Tâi-ôan **Chiong-hòa Ko-kip Siong-gia̍p Ha̍k-hāu** kah **Tâi-ôan Su-hōan Ha̍k-īⁿ** ha̍k-si̍p. 1948 nî ~1949 nî **Ē-mn̂g Tâi-ha̍k Keng-chè-hē** pit-gia̍p liáu-āu, ka-ji̍p Kái-hòng-kun pō·-tūi, tī **Bân, O̍at, Kàn** (闽粤赣) chit kak-sì o̍ah-tòng, bat chò kòe liân-tiúⁿ kah hù chí-tō-ôan. 1949 nî ~ 1952 nî chêng-āu chò kòe Hok-kiàn-séng An-khoe-kōan **Jîn-bîn Kong-an tūi** hù chí-tō-ôan, **An-khoe-kōan Kong-an-kio̍k** kó·-tiúⁿ (股长), siâng-sî iū-koh sī **Hok-kiàn Sèng-úi Kàn-pō· Ha̍k-hāu** ha̍k-ôan, **Séng Thó·-kái tūi** (省土改隊) chó·-tiúⁿ, **Séng-úi Tóng-hāu** ha̍k-ôan. 1952 nî ~ 1969 nî **Hok-kiàn Séng-úi Thóng-chiàn-pō·** kàn-sū, chó·-tiúⁿ. 1969 nî ~ 1973 nî hông hā-hòng kàu Lêng-hòa-kōan chiap-siū lô-tōng kái-chō, āu--lâi chiâⁿ-chòe Lêng-hòa-kōan **Kek-bēng Úi-ôan-hōe** soan-thôan-chó· hù chó·-tiúⁿ. 1973 nî ~ 1978 nî tam-jīm **Hok-kiàn-séng Kek-bēng Úi-ôan-hōe** gōa-sū-chó· ê hoan-e̍k jîn-oân. 1978 nî ~ 1982 nî chò **Hok-kiàn-séng chèng-hia̍p** hù pì-su-tiúⁿ, **Hok-kiàn-séng Kiâu-bū Pān-kong-sek** kah **Séng gōa-sū-pān** ê hù chú-jīm, **Séng Tâi-bêng** chú-úi, **Séng Tâi-liân** hù hōe-tiúⁿ. 1982 nî ~ 1991 nî chhut-jīm **Hok-kiàn Séng-úi** siông-úi kiam **Thóng-chiàn-pō·** pō·-tiúⁿ, **Hok-kiàn-séng Chèng-hia̍p** hù chú-se̍k, **Hok-kiàn-séng Siā-hōe-chú-gī Ha̍k-īⁿ** īⁿ-tiúⁿ, **Kok-bū-īⁿ Tâi-ôan Sū-bū Pān-kong-sek** ( Kok-Tâi-pān ) chú-jīm. 1991 nî ~ 1997 nî chò Tiong-hôa Chôan-kok Tâi-ôan Tông-pau Liân-gî-hōe hōe-tiúⁿ, Hái-kiap Lióng-hōaⁿ Koan-hē Hia̍p-hōe kò·-būn, Tâi-bêng tiong-iong hù chú-se̍k. 1997 nî ~ 1998 nî seng-jīm chò Tâi-beng tiong-iong chú-se̍k kah **Chôan-kok Tâi-liân** miâ-ū hōe-tiúⁿ. 1998 nî iū-koh jīm-bèng chò **Chôan-kok Chèng-hia̍p** hù chú-se̍k, Tâi-bêng tiong-iong chú-se̍k, Tiong-kok Hô-pêng Thóng-it Chhiok-chìn-hōe hōe-tiúⁿ. 2003 nî 3 ge̍h, tī **Chôan-kok Chèng-hia̍p tē-10 kài 11-chhù hōe-gī** téng tòng-sóan chiâⁿ-chòe **Chôan-kok Chèng-hia̍p** hù chú-se̍k.
Í-keng chhiam-sú tān-sī iáu-bōe phe-chún ê kok-ka.
  Siūⁿ-beh thè-chhut ê tè-iok-kok.
  M̄-sī tè-iok-kok iā m̄-sī chhiam-sú-kok.
**Kong-bîn kap Chèng-tī Koân-lī Kok-chè Kong-iok** (eng. *International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights*; **ICCPR**) sī chi̍t hūn tī 1966 nî 12 goe̍h 16 hō keng Liân-ha̍p-kok Tāi-hōe thong-kòe ê kok-chè to-hong tiâu-iok, i tī 1976 nî 3 goe̍h 23 hō seng-hāu. Chit tiâu kong-iok hō͘ tè-iok-kok sêng-tam chek-jīm, ài chun-tiōng kò-jîn ê kong-bîn kap chèng-tī koân-lī, pau-hâm seng-chûn-koân, chong-kàu ê chū-iû, chi̍p-hōe ê chū-iû, soán-kí-koân, chèng-tong hoat-lu̍t têng-sū kap kong-pêng sím-sìn téng-téng.

Kong-bîn kap Chèng-tī Koân-lī Kok-chè Kong-iok sī iû Liân-ha̍p-kok Jîn-koân Sū-bū Úi-oân-hōe só͘ kàm-koán. Liân-ha̍p-kok Jîn-koân Sū-bū Úi-oân-hōe to̍k-li̍p chāi Liân-ha̍p-kok Jîn-koân Lí-sū-hōe gōa-kháu, sêng-oân sī ùi sêng-oân-kok tiong soán-kí sán-seng, tān chia-ê lâng pēng bô tāi-piáu jīm-hô kok-ka; úi-oân-hōe ê choan-ka khui-hōe kî-kan, su-iàu khó-chhat sêng-ôan-kok i-kì kong-iok thê-kau ê tēng-kî pò-kò.

2014 nî 4 goe̍h ûi-chí, Kong-bîn kap Chèng-tī Koân-lī Kok-chè Kong-iok ū 74 ê chhiam-sú-kok kap 168 ê tè-iok-kok.

Siong-koan Liân-ha̍p-kok bûn-kiāⁿ
---------------------------------

* Sè-kài Jîn-koân Soan-giân
* Keng-chē, Siā-hōe kap Bûn-hòa Koân-lī Kok-chè Kong-iok
* Liân-ha̍p-kok Tāi-hōe 66 hō Koat-gī
* Liân-ha̍p-kok Tāi-hōe 1514 hō Koat-gī
* Liân-ha̍p-kok Tāi-hōe 1541 hō Koat-gī