Another example is *Mycobacterium vaccae*, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for *M. vaccae*, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane is co-metabolized in the presence of propane. This allows for the commensal growth of *Pseudomonas* on cyclohexane. The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane.

Another example is *Mycobacterium vaccae*, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for *M. vaccae*, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane is co-metabolized in the presence of propane. This allows for the commensal growth of *Pseudomonas* on cyclohexane. The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane.

Another example is *Mycobacterium vaccae*, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for *M. vaccae*, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane is co-metabolized in the presence of propane. This allows for the commensal growth of *Pseudomonas* on cyclohexane. The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane.

Another example is *Mycobacterium vaccae*, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for *M. vaccae*, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane is co-metabolized in the presence of propane. This allows for the commensal growth of *Pseudomonas* on cyclohexane. The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane.

Another example is *Mycobacterium vaccae*, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for *M. vaccae*, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane is co-metabolized in the presence of propane. This allows for the commensal growth of *Pseudomonas* on cyclohexane. The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane.

**Kometabolizm** ikki birikmaning bir vaqtning o'zida degradatsiyasi sifatida aniqlanadi, bunda ikkinchi birikmaning (ikkilamchi substrat ) degradatsiyasi birinchi birikma (birlamchi substrat ) mavjudligiga bog'liq.  Bu har bir substrat turli fermentlar tomonidan bir vaqtning o'zida katabolize bo'lgan bir vaqtning o'zida **katabolizmadan** farq qiladi.   Kometabolizm organizm tomonidan uning o'sishi degradatsiyasini katalizlash uchun ishlab chiqarilgan ferment-undan energiya va uglerod olish uchun substrat ham qo'shimcha birikmalarni parchalashga qodir bo'lganda paydo bo'ladi.Ushbu qo'shimcha birikmalarning tasodifiy degradatsiyasi bakteriyalarning o'sishini qo'llab-quvvatlamaydi va bu birikmalarning ba'zilari bakteriyalar uchun ma'lum konsentratsiyalarda hatto toksik bo'lishi ham mumkin.  

Ushbu hodisaning birinchi hisoboti etanning *Pseudomonas methanica(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas\_methanica" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Pseudomonas methanica" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="15">Pseudomonas methanica</a>) turlari tomonidan parchalanishi edi.*  Bu bakteriyalar metan monooksigenaza (MMO)(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane\_monooxygenase" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Methane monooxygenase" class="cx-link" data-linkid="17">methane monooxygenase (MMO)</a>) fermenti yordamida o'sish-substrat metanini parchalaydi. MMO etan va propanni parchalash qobiliyatiga ega ekanligi aniqlandi, ammo bakteriyalar o'sishi bu birikmalardan energiya va uglerod manbalari sifatida foydalana olmagan. 

Another example is *Mycobacterium vaccae*, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this enzyme also oxidizes, at no additional cost for *M. vaccae*, cyclohexane into cyclohexanol. Thus, cyclohexane is co-metabolized in the presence of propane. This allows for the commensal growth of *Pseudomonas* on cyclohexane. The latter can metabolize cyclohexanol, but not cyclohexane.

1. ↑  Beam, H. W.; Perry, J. J. (1973-03-01). "Co-metabolism as a factor in microbial degradation of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons" (en). *Archiv für Mikrobiologie* **91** (1): 87–90. doi:10.1007/BF00409542. ISSN 0003-9276. PMID 4711459.
2. 1 2 3 4 5 6  Ryoo, D.; Shim, H.; Canada, K.; Barbieri, P.; Wood, T. K. (July 2000). "Aerobic degradation of tetrachloroethylene by toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase of Pseudomonas stutzeri OX1". *Nature Biotechnology* **18** (7): 775–778. doi:10.1038/77344. ISSN 1087-0156. PMID 10888848. . Ryoo, D.; Shim, H.; Canada, K.; Barbieri, P.; Wood, T. K. (July 2000). "Aerobic degradation of tetrachloroethylene by toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase of Pseudomonas stutzeri OX1". *Nature Biotechnology*. **18** (7): 775–778. doi:10.1038/77344. ISSN 1087-0156. PMID 10888848. S2CID 19633783.
3. ↑  Beam, H. W.; Perry, J. J. (1973-03-01). "Co-metabolism as a factor in microbial degradation of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons" (en). *Archiv für Mikrobiologie* **91** (1): 87–90. doi:10.1007/BF00409542. ISSN 0003-9276. PMID 4711459.
4. ↑  Beam, H. W.; Perry, J. J. (1973-03-01). "Co-metabolism as a factor in microbial degradation of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons" (en). *Archiv für Mikrobiologie* **91** (1): 87–90. doi:10.1007/BF00409542. ISSN 0003-9276. PMID 4711459.
5. ↑  Beam, H. W.; Perry, J. J. (1973-03-01). "Co-metabolism as a factor in microbial degradation of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons" (en). *Archiv für Mikrobiologie* **91** (1): 87–90. doi:10.1007/BF00409542. ISSN 0003-9276. PMID 4711459.
6. ↑  Beam, H. W.; Perry, J. J. (1973-03-01). "Co-metabolism as a factor in microbial degradation of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons" (en). *Archiv für Mikrobiologie* **91** (1): 87–90. doi:10.1007/BF00409542. ISSN 0003-9276. PMID 4711459.
7. 1 2  Joshua, C. J.; Dahl, R.; Benke, P. I.; Keasling, J. D. (2011). "Absence of Diauxie during Simultaneous Utilization of Glucose and Xylose by Sulfolobus acidocaldarius". *J Bacteriol* **193** (6): 1293–1301. doi:10.1128/JB.01219-10. PMID 21239580. PMC 3067627. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3067627.
8. ↑  Gulvik, C. A.; Buchan, A. (2013). "Simultaneous catabolism of plant-derived aromatic compounds results in enhanced growth for members of the Roseobacter lineage". *Appl Environ Microbiol* **79** (12): 3716–3723. doi:10.1128/AEM.00405-13. PMID 23563956. PMC 3675927. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3675927.
9. ↑  Qin, Ke; Struckhoff, Garrett C.; Agrawal, Abinash; Shelley, Michael L.; Dong, Hailiang (2015-01-01). "Natural attenuation potential of tricholoroethene in wetland plant roots: Role of native ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms". *Chemosphere* **119** (Supplement C): 971–977. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.040. PMID 25303656.
10. 1 2 3  Nzila, Alexis (2013-07-01). "Update on the cometabolism of organic pollutants by bacteria". *Environmental Pollution* **178** (Supplement C): 474–482. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.042. PMID 23570949.
11. ↑  Beam, H. W.; Perry, J. J. (1973-03-01). "Co-metabolism as a factor in microbial degradation of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbons" (en). *Archiv für Mikrobiologie* **91** (1): 87–90. doi:10.1007/BF00409542. ISSN 0003-9276. PMID 4711459.