recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
The **Battle of Long Island** was a major battle in the American war of independence. It is also known as the **Battle of Brooklyn** or the **Battle of Brooklyn Heights**. The battle which was fought on August 27, 1776, was a major victory for the British and defeat for the Americans under General George Washington. It was the start of a successful British campaign that gave the British control of the strategically important city of New York. In the American Revolutionary War it was the first major battle to take place after the United States declared independence in July, 1776. In terms of soldiers, it was the largest battle of the entire conflict.

General George Washington, Commander-in-Chief had defeated the British in the Siege of Boston on March 17, 1776. Washington then used the Continental Army to defend the port city of New York. At that time, New York City was only at the southern end of Manhattan Island. Washington understood that the city's harbor would provide an excellent base for the British Navy during the campaign. For this reason, he established defenses there and waited for the British to attack.

The British were commanded by General William Howe. In July his force landed a few miles across the harbor on sparsely-populated Staten Island. Over the next few months, new ships slowly reinforced their position in Lower New York Harbor. In August there were 32,000 soldiers, and the British controlled the entrance of the harbor at The Narrows. Washington knew that it would be difficult to hold the city against such a force. He believed Manhattan would be the first target and he moved most of his forces there.

On August 22, the British landed on the shores of Gravesend Bay in southwest Kings County, across The Narrows from Staten Island, more than 12 miles (20 km) south from the East River crossings to Manhattan. Washington brought some of his troops to northern Kings County, expecting to fight only part of the attacking army.

After five days of waiting, the British attacked American defenses. Unknown to the Americans, however, Howe had brought his main army around their rear and attacked their flank soon after. The Americans panicked, although a stand by 400 Maryland troops prevented most of the army from being captured. The remainder of the army fled to the main defenses on Brooklyn Heights. The British dug in for a siege but, on the night of August 29–30, Washington evacuated the entire army to Manhattan without the loss of materiel or a single life. Washington and the Continental Army were driven out of New York entirely after the battle of Fort Washington and other defeats, and forced to retreat through New Jersey and into Pennsylvania.
The **Battle of Maserfield** (Welsh: *Cogwy*) was fought on 5 August 642. It was mainly between the armies of the Christian king Oswald of Northumbria and the pagan King Penda of Mercia. The battle ended in Oswald's death and his army's defeat. The site of the battle is reported to be at Oswestry in Shropshire.

Background
----------

King Oswald's uncle, King Edwin of Northumbria, was killed at the Battle of Hatfield Chase in 633 by Penda and his ally Cadwallon ap Cadfan. After the battle Cadwallon and Penda began slaughtering the people of Northumbria. This included men, women and children. Northumbria fell apart and was divided into its two former kingdoms of Deira and Bernicia. Oswald defeated and killed Cadwallon ap Cadfan at the Battle of Heavenfield in 634. After that Oswald reunited Northumbria into a single kingdom. Oswald was considered a *bretwalda* by Bede, the fourth such overlord over the other Anglo-Saxon kings. Penda remained a constant threat but was kept busy fighting the East Angles and making new alliances with the Welsh. Oswald also created several similar alliances in an effort to contain Penda. About 638 he won a battle against Owen Map Bili, the king of Strathclyde near Edinburgh. In 640 Oswald recovered the kingdom of Lindsey from Penda.

The battle
----------

There is no record of what led to this battle or why this place. As a pagan, Penda would not have been happy over Oswald bringing monks from Iona to Lindisfarne, further expanding Christianity in the north. The conquest of the Gododdin at Din Eidyn (Edinburgh) in 638 removed the last stronghold of the Britons in the north. Domnall Brecc, King of Dal Riata defeated them and was a close ally of Oswald. Northumbrians may have been there also. It would have angered the Welsh, Britons themselves, against Oswald. In 642 the armies of Northumbria and Mercia (with his Welsh allies) met at a place called Maserfield (probably in Shropshire). Oswald was killed in the battle. For a year after the battle his head and hands were fastened to stakes. Oswald's brother Oswiu finally recovered Oswald's body. Oswiu succeeded Oswald as king of Northumbria.

Outcome
-------

The battle of Maserfield left Penda "the most formidable king in England." Following the battle, Deira, in the southern part of Northumbria, chose a king of its own, Oswine. Bernicia in the north was ruled by Oswald's brother Oswiu. The immediate effect of the battle was to weaken and divide Northumbria. The long term effect was that Oswiu restored Northumbrian power over the next 13 years. He finally defeated and killed Penda at the Battle of Winwaed in 655.

Other websites
--------------

* Kings of Northumbria[*permanent dead link*]
* Who was St. Oswald? Archived 2014-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.
The **March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom** was a rally held on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. on 28 August 1963. It was where Martin Luther King, Jr gave his famous I Have a Dream speech. After the march, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the National Voting Rights Act of 1965 were passed. There were over 200,000 people there, both black and white.

Organization and planning
-------------------------

The march was first planned by A. Philip Randolph, who was the president of the Negro American Labor Council, and vice president of the AFL-CIO. He had planned another civil rights march in 1941, but it never happened. However, the threat of the march was a big reason why President Roosevelt wrote Executive Order 8802. This forced equal opportunity in the defense industry, which meant that all workers had to be treated the same, no matter what their race was.

Other leaders of civil rights movement helped Randolph plan the march and spread the word to their members. Some of the most important were James Farmer, (president of the Congress of Racial Equality), John Lewis (president of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), Martin Luther King, Jr. (president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference), Roy Wilkins (president of the NAACP), and Whitney Young (president of the National Urban League)..

Protection
----------

Many people were worried for the marchers' safety. Black nationalist leader Malcolm X sent an open telegram to George Lincoln Rockwell, the leader of the Nazi Party in the United States. Malcolm wrote:

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| "| *If your present racist agitation against our people there in Alabama causes physical harm to Reverend King or any other black Americans who are only attempting to enjoy their rights as free human beings. That you and your Ku Klux Klan friends will be met with maximum physical retaliation from those of us who are not hand-cuffed by the disarming philosophy of nonviolence and who believe in asserting our right of self-defense - by any means necessary.* | "|

The Washington DC Police department looked for black police officers from around the country to protect King during the march and speeches. They thought the presence of black officers would be more calming if trouble broke out.

Other websites
--------------

* Official program for the March on Washington
* Witnesses to History, 50 Years Later
Cosplayer as the Arkham Knight.
The **Arkham Knight** is a fictional supervillain appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. The character is a mysterious master strategist and commander of a personal army that surfaced in Gotham City. He wears a militaristic version of the Batsuit and is revealed as **Jason Todd**, who was broken by the Joker and psychologically manipulated into hating **Batman**. Jason was declared dead and became the Arkham Knight, assembling high-tech weapons and an army of mercenaries to get revenge on his former partner. He later abandoned the Arkham Knight identity and adopted the vigilante persona known as the Red Hood. *Arkham Knight* was created by Rocksteady Studios and Geoff Johns for the video game *Batman: Arkham Knight*, first appearing in *Batman: Arkham Knight* #1. (2015)

In the regular DC Universe the persona was adapted as **Astrid Arkham**, daughter of Arkham Asylum doctor Jeremiah Arkham. Astrid was born during a riot at the asylum, in the course of which her mother was killed. Her father home schooled her at Arkham Asylum and she grew up making friends with incarcerated Batman Villains like the Joker. She developed a grudge against Batman and soon began seeing him as an evil entity that hurt her only friends. When she became convinced that Batman was responsible for the death of her mother, Astrid started training herself into a skilled fighter in order to become the Arkham Knight and founded a cult of Arkham inmates called the **Knights of the Sun**. *Astrid Arkham* was created by Peter Tomasi and Doug Mahnke, first appearing in *Detective Comics* #1000. (2019)
**Barbara Gordon** is a fictional superheroine appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is a vigilante super-hero operating as a member of the Batman Family, and (depending on which continuity) the daughter or niece of Gotham City's Police commissioner James Gordon. Beginning her career as Batgirl working alongside Batman and the first Robin, she is an extremely intelligent detective and martial artist who maintains a civilian identity as a librarian. Following the events of The Killing Joke where the Joker paralyzed her from the waist down with a gunshot, she began using the name Oracle to help Batman and other heroes using a massive world-wide communications and espionage network. There are several others who take up her mantle as Batgirl during this time, including Cassandra Cain and Stephanie Brown whom she mentors, but she is eventually able to walk again and returns to her position. She is a founding member of the Birds of Prey, but has also been involved with the Justice League, the Suicide Squad and the Seven Soldiers of Victory.

Barbara Gordon was created by Julius Schwartz, Gardner Fox and Carmine Infantino after a concept by William Dozier, first appearing in Detective Comics #359 (1967). John Ostrander reinvented her as Oracle in Suicide Squad #23 (1989), although this new identity wouldn't be fully revealed until Suicide Squad #38 (1990).

As both Batgirl and Oracle, Barbara Gordon has been featured in various adaptations related to the Batman franchise, including television, film, animation, video games, and other merchandise. Aside from Craig, the character has been portrayed by Dina Meyer, Alicia Silverstone (as Barbara Wilson), and Jeté Laurence, and has been voiced by Melissa Gilbert, Tara Strong, Danielle Judovits, Alyson Stoner, Mae Whitman, Kimberly Brooks and Briana Cuoco among others. Barbara Gordon appeared in the third season of the HBO Max series Titans as the new commissioner of Gotham City portrayed by Savannah Welch.[2] The character was slated for a solo film set in the DCEU, starring Leslie Grace in the title role and intended to be released on HBO Max but was canceled in August 2022. In 2011, Barbara Gordon ranked 17th in IGN's "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes".[3]
Artist's impression of the orbits of HD 188753, a triple star system
The Algol system as it appeared on 12 August 2009.Not an artistic representation, but a true two-dimensional image with 1/2 milli-arcsecond resolution in the near-infrared H-band.
Algol (β Persei) is a triple-star system (Algol A, B, and C) in the constellation Perseus. Algol A is eclipsed by the dimmer Algol B every 2.87 days. This animation was assembled from 55 images in the near-infrared H-band. Because some phases are poorly covered, B jumps at some points along its path.
A **star system** or **stellar system** is a small number of stars which orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction.

A large number of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a *star cluster* but, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies.

A stellar system of two stars is known as a *binary star*, *binary star system* or *physical double star*. If there are no tidal effects, no disturbance from other forces, and no transfer of mass from one star to the other, such a system is stable. Both stars will orbit around the center of mass of the system indefinitely. Examples of binary systems are Sirius, Procyon and Cygnus X-1, the last of which probably consists of a star and a black hole.

Multiple star systems
---------------------

It is possible to have star systems with more than two members. Their stars are gravitationally bound to each other, and may or may not be close to each other.

A recently discovered quintuple star system (five stars) is known as 1SWASP J093010.78+533859.5. The system has two sets of binary stars, one of them with a small third star. The two sets are a long way apart, further than the orbit of Pluto is to the Sun. The binary stars are close to each other and one binary has touching stars, with their outer ionised gases mixing. That situation is called a contact binary. From the data collected, the authors are fairly sure that both binaries (and probably all five stars) are gravitationally bound in a single system. The angles of inclination (the angle between the two orbital planes) of the two binaries (88.2(3) and 86(4) degrees). This suggests they originally formed by break-up (~9-10 billion years ago ago) from a single protostellar disk. Afterwards, they stayed in the same orbital plane.

Most multiple star systems are *triple stars*. Systems with four or more components are less likely to occur.

Multiple star systems are smaller than open star clusters, which have more complex dynamics and typically have from 100 to 1,000 stars. Most multiple star systems known are triple. For example, in the 1999 revision of
Tokovinin's catalog of physical multiple stars,
551 out of the 728 systems described are triple.

Multiple-star systems can be divided into two main types: systems which are stable, or systems with chaotic behavior. Chaotic ones are usually of young stars in systems not yet disrupted by chaos.
**Javier Chércoles Blázquez** born in Caracas (Venezuela) in 1964, is a director in fashion sector, university professor and crisis advisor in humanitarian disasters.

Trajectory
----------

He holds a degree in Law from UNED and in Economics and Business from Universidad Complutense. 

Between 2000 and 2010 he worked for Inditex, a multinational based in Galicia. Chércoles was responsible for preparing Zara 's *Internal Code of Ethics*, a document that regulates the operation of the factories that work for Inditex. 

He also worked for PwC. 

### in Bangladesh

In 2008, Chércoles went to Bangladesh to personally check the situation of a factory in Dhaka, where there were verbal and physical abuse, as well as salary cuts. Chércoles acknowledged that the factory was in "very bad" condition, but said there was no evidence they were manufacturing for Inditex. He later discovered that he was associated with another factory that produced clothes for Zara. The workshops were close to each other, and Chércoles admitted that it was possible to transfer part of the production from one to another without Inditex's permission or knowledge. A few years earlier he had discovered that the victims of the Bhopal disaster had not yet been compensated, because, as he told Kofi Annan, "there is no way to calculate them, nor any political intention (to pay them)". 

As CSR director, he decided to deepen labor controls in the production chain, control measures with which Inditex's management did not agree. In 2010 he left the position receiving 1.57 million euros. 

In April 2013, in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, the Rana Plaza building collapsed and 1,134 workers were killed. He was hired by Primark to pay 14 million euros to victims  being the first multinational to deal with compensation. 

### At the University

He was voluntarily confined to the monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos for six months to write his doctoral thesis in the English language. Since June 2013, he has been working as a professor at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, at the Institute of Disaster & Vulnerability Management Studies.

He was also a professor at Complutense, URJC and ESADE Universities and an academic lecturer at Harvard, Georgetown (United States), Andrés Bello (Caracas, Venezuela) and Antonio Ruiz de Montoya (Lima, Peru) universities

Published work
--------------

* *Navigating the Spider's Web.* *Building resilience after an industrial disaster in the ready-to-wear garment sector in Bangladesh* (2012). Doctoral thesis, directed by Alfred Vernis i Domènech. Ramon Llull University.

Related pages
-------------

* Clothes
* Building collapse in Savar
Entrance to Fingal's cave, 2004
**Fingal's Cave** is a sea cave on the uninhabited island of Staffa, in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland, part of a National Nature Reserve owned by the National Trust for Scotland.

It is formed entirely from hexagonally jointed basalt columns. These are part of the same ancient lava flow as the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland and those of nearby Ulva. 
In both cases, the cooling surface of the mass of hot lava cracked in a hexagonal pattern in a similar way to drying mud cracking as it shrinks. These cracks slowly extended down into the mass of lava as it cooled and shrank to form the columns, which were later exposed by erosion.

The breakup of Pangaea separated the parts of the same rock formation.

The size of the cave, and its naturally arched roof, and the eerie sounds produced by the echoes of waves, give it the atmosphere of a natural cathedral. The cave's Gaelic name, Uamh-Binn, means "cave of melody."

In art and literature
---------------------

Basalt columns inside Fingal's Cave
Romantic composer Felix Mendelssohn visited in 1829 and wrote *Die Hebriden* (in English, *Hebrides Overture Opus 26*, commonly known as *Fingal's Cave overture*), inspired by the weird echoes in the cave. Mendelssohn's overture popularized the cave as a tourist destination. Other famous 19th-century visitors included author Jules Verne; poets William Wordsworth, John Keats, and Alfred, Lord Tennyson; and Romantic artist J.M.W. Turner, who painted "Staffa, Fingal's Cave" in 1832. Queen Victoria also made the trip.
**FIGRA** (International festival of major current affairs reports and social documentaries) is an annual festival of documentary films and the corresponding festival award. It has been held since 1993 in March-April in Le Touquet-Paris-Plage in northern France.

History
-------

The film festival was founded by Georges Marque-Bouaret in 1993. The festival's main theme revolves around pressing social issues uncovered by the reporters themselves, who also serve as directors. In this way, according to the founder, they have the opportunity to "step out of the shadows" of the press organizations they work for.

In 2016, the festival takes place from March 30 to April 3.

Main Prize
----------

* Grand Prix FIGRA for a film with a duration of 40 minutes or more
* Grand Prix FIGRA for a film under 40 minutes

Other Links
-----------

* (fr)Pour ses 30 ans, le Figra à Douai en première ligne d’un monde tourmenté  on *Le Monde*
* (fr)Un documentaire sur le groupe de mercenaires Wagner lauréat du Grand prix du Figra on *Le Figaro*
A **World War** is a war in which most of the countries in the world fight or help. 

There have been 2 World Wars so far, World War I (1914-1918) and World War II (1939-1945). The long Cold War between the Soviet Union and NATO has sometimes been considered to be World War III, as has the Ukraine War that started in 2022. Several earlier wars such as the Seven Years' War were fought in many places around the world, but they were wars among European countries.

After World War II, many people were scared that a World War III might start, probably between the United States and Western Europe on one side and the Soviet Union and maybe China on the other. After World War II, countries had many powerful weapons, including jet bomber airplanes, which could carry many powerful bombs fast and far; nuclear weapons which could destroy many buildings and kill many people instantly; and missiles which could carry nuclear weapons to other countries very fast. 

Many people were afraid that World War III might start during the Cold War. After the end of the Soviet Union, people were less afraid that World War III would begin. However, many countries still have powerful weapons and can still use them. 

Albert Einstein is supposed to have said, "I don't know what weapons countries might use to fight World War III, but wars after that will be fought with sticks and stones". That is because World War III would probably be so large that it would destroy civilization.
The **Daimokutate** (題目立) is a recitation show at Yahashira shrine in Kami-fukawa village, near the city of Nara .

The Shinto Temple in Kamifukawa has a tradition of accepting a 17-year-old boy as a member of a religious organization that carries out religious ceremonies at the temple. The acceptance of a boy into the organization at the temple is an acknowledgment that the child has become an adult.

The performance
---------------

Young men, aged 17 (If there are not enough boys aged 17 years, boys who are not yet 17 years old or are over 17 years old are also included in the performance) stand in a semi-circle dressed in samurai clothes and carrying bows. One by one, they are called to the centre by an old man who reads the name of a character in the tales of the feud between the Genji and Heike clans. There is no musical accompaniment. When all twenty-six characters have spoken, the youths rhythmically stamp their feet and sing offstage.

Originally a rite of passage at the age of seventeen to mark the formal acceptance of the eldest son into the community of the twenty-two families of Kami-fukawa, the Daimokutate is now performed annually in mid-October by young men of various ages and from many different families.Unique in Japan as a dramatic performance without acting or music, the Daimokutate is an important marker of identity and plays an indispensable role in maintaining solidarity in this mountainous town.

History
-------

The Daimokutate was performed around the end of the Muromachi period (XVI century). Daimokutate is the last living example of a tradition of reciting in sanctuary by ordinary people, attested for the first time in a document of 1534.

Documents collected by the folklore specialist Hosen Jungo between 1953 and 1955, have been preserved, but it is likely that the repertoire was much larger.

Daimokutate was inscribed in 2009 on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity of Unesco .
The **International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia** is held every May 17.

Origins
-------

On the 17th of May in 1990, the World Health Organization removed homosexuality from the International Classification of Diseases, where it was listed as a mental illness.

International Day Against Homophobia started off in Canada in 2003 as the National day against Homophobia, and was initiated by Fondation Emergence Archived 2018-02-19 at the Wayback Machine.

In 2006 The Declaration of Montreal (pronounced in Montreal during the first Outgames) demanded all countries to recognize this day, and several countries, including the European Union and Brazil have already recognized it formally.

In 2014 Fondation Emergence changed the day's name from "international day against homophobia" to "international day against homohobia and transphobia" in order to include trans realities to its mission. As well in 2015 the day's name to "international day against homophobia, transphobia and biphobia" in order to include bisexual realities to the mission.

Campaigns
---------

Each year, since 2003, Fondation Emergence launches a campaign to fight homophobia and transphobia in the world with a particular angle such as homoparentality, allies, age and trans people.

Their last campaign has been translated into 18 languages.

Related pages
-------------

* Homophobia
* Transphobia
* Biphobia
* Transgender Day of Remembrance
* Declaration of Montreal
Paweł Huelle
**Paweł Marek Huelle** (born 10 September 1957) is a Polish author, critic, journalist and university lecturer. He was born in Gdańsk, Poland.

Career
------

Huelle studied philology (language) at Gdańsk University. After that, he was the press secretary for Solidarity (Solidarnosc). He also taught various subjects at schools in Gdansk at the same time. Later he worked as the director of the Gdańsk Polish Television Center.

His first novel was *Weiser Dawidek*. It was published in 1987. It made him famous in Poland. It is about five young friends in Gdańsk. Polish literary critics called it a masterpiece and the most important Polish literary work of the decade. "Once one begins reading Weiser Dawidek, the book can hardly be put down. Like *Opowiadania*, it is written with undeniably great talent." Huelle was the Polish winner of the Samuel-Bogumil-Linde-Preis for 2005.

Most of Huelle's stories are set in Gdańsk. He says that city is "full of all kinds of ghosts. I'm not saying it's beautiful or wonderful in any way – but it's strange." Huelle has also published several short stories

Publications
------------

* *Weiser Dawidek* (1987),
* *Opowiadania na czas przeprowadzki* (1991),
* *Wiersze* (1994),
* *Pierwsza miłość i inne opowiadania* (1996),
* *Inne historie* (1999),
* *Mercedes-Benz. Z listów do Hrabala* (2001),
* *Byłem samotny i szczęśliwy* (2002),
* *Castorp* (2004),
* *Ostatnia Wieczerza* (2007),
* *Opowieści chłodnego morza* (2008),
* *Śpiewaj ogrody* (2014).

Other websites
--------------

* Paul Huelle: Danzig, my love (translated to English)
**Luis von Ahn** (born August 19, 1978) is a Guatemalan entrepreneur and a professor at Carnegie Mellon University. He is known for his work in crowdsourcing, and he founded reCAPTCHA, later sold to Google, and Duolingo.

Early Life and Education
------------------------

Von Ahn was born in Guatemala City to a well-off family. His mother, a pioneering woman in Guatemala's medical field, had him at age 42. He attended the American School of Guatemala and developed an early interest in technology. Von Ahn studied at Duke University, earning a Bachelor's degree in Mathematics in 2000, and later received a PhD in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University in 2005.

Career and Research
-------------------

Initially working in cryptography, von Ahn gained fame for his work on CAPTCHAs, tests used to prevent automated abuse on websites. His PhD introduced the concept of "human computation," combining human and computer power to solve problems. He developed games like the ESP Game, later licensed by Google. In 2007, he created reCAPTCHA, a CAPTCHA that digitizes books.

Duolingo
--------

In 2009, von Ahn co-founded Duolingo, a language education platform. Duolingo saw increased users during the COVID-19 pandemic and, as of May 2020, was valued at $1.5 billion.

Awards and Honors
-----------------

Von Ahn's work on CAPTCHAs and human computation earned him several awards, including a MacArthur Fellowship in 2006. He received recognition from various sources, such as being named one of the 50 Best Brains in Science and being awarded the Lemelson-MIT prize in 2018.

Teaching
--------

Von Ahn has won teaching awards at Carnegie Mellon University. He taught a course titled "Science of the Web" that combined graph theory and social science.

Philanthropy
------------

In 2021, von Ahn established the Luis von Ahn Foundation to support Guatemalans, especially women and girls, through financial aid to local leaders and nonprofit organizations. In 2022, the foundation planned to donate $3 million to organizations focusing on women's and girls' equality, environmental conservation, democracy, and youth participation.
**Autoethnography** is a method of social research whose defining characteristic is that the author links personal experience and autobiography with social, political, and cultural concepts. Its difference from ethnography is the high degree of subjectivity that is introduced to the study, and the fact that the perspective of the author shows personal involvement with the subject much more than participant observation invites.

Different definitions of auto-ethnography
-----------------------------------------

Maréchal defines auto-ethnography as "a form or method of research that involves self-observation and reflexive investigation in the context of ethnographic field work and writing". In the 1970s it was more simply defined as "insider ethnography", referring to the fact that the group of study is the ethnographer’s own.

Benefits and concerns regarding auto-ethnography
------------------------------------------------

The most significant element that auto-ethnography introduces to the study of culture and society is the shift from a depersonalized, "seen from a vantage point" and neutrally distanced narrative to a storyline with which the audience can engage morally, aesthetically, and intellectually, and, thus, co-participate in the events described. Especially for ethnographers who use multiple informants, auto-ethnography introduces an alternative way of writing where "the distinction between ethnographer and ‘others’ is unclear", thereby challenging "imposed identities and boundaries".

However, auto-ethnographers should avoid some dangerous pitfalls that could undermine the credibility and usefulness of their work. Chang identifies the following: "(1) excessive focus on self in isolation from others; (2) overemphasis on narration rather than analysis and cultural interpretation; (3) exclusive reliance on personal memory and recalling as a data source; (4) negligence of ethical standards regarding others in self-narratives; and (5) inappropriate application of the label autoethnography".
A **binaural beat** is an auditory illusion. It is perceived when two different pure-tone sine waves are presented to a listener, one tone to each ear.

For example, if a 530 Hz pure tone is presented to a subject's right ear, while a 520 Hz pure tone is presented to the subject's left ear, the listener will perceive the illusion of a third tone. The third sound is called a binaural beat, and in this example would have a perceived pitch correlating to a frequency of 10 Hz, that being the difference between the 530 Hz and 520 Hz pure tones presented to each ear.

They may help people with pain when they are in hospital. Some people use binaural beats to help them sleep, meditate or have out of body experiences. There are computer programs and smartphone programs that make binaural beats.

Many of the claims are not verified at present.

History
-------

Heinrich Wilhelm Dove (1803–1879) discovered binaural beats in 1839 and published his findings in the scientific journal *Repertorium der Physik*. While research about them continued after that, the subject remained something of a scientific curiosity until 134 years later, with the publishing of Gerald Oster's article "Auditory beats in the brain" (*Scientific American*, 1973). Oster's article identified and assembled the scattered pieces of relevant research since Dove, offering fresh insight (and new laboratory findings) to research on binaural beats.

Oster saw binaural beats as a powerful tool for cognitive and neurological research. Unsolved questions include how animals locate sounds in their environment: the remarkable ability of animals to pick out and focus on specific sounds in a sea of noise (known as the cocktail party effect).
Core responsibilities of human services professionals include assisting individuals, families, and communities in overcoming their problems and helping them improve their quality of life and relationships.

The Human Services career cluster prepares learners for postsecondary credentials and careers in occupations that support the everyday functioning of society and individual well-being, including careers in social work, counseling, dietetics and nutrition, athletic training, cosmetology, aesthetics, and barbering.

This career cluster includes four programs of study: Human and Social Sciences, Dietetics and Nutrition, Cosmetology, and Barbering.

The Human Services Career Cluster is divided into three pathways: Counseling and Mental Health Services (Human and Social Sciences); Family and Community Services (Dietetics and Nutrition); and Consumer Services (Cosmetology and Barbering) 

The Human and Social Sciences and Dietetics and Nutrition programs of study careers have the strongest occupational growth and more job openings than training completers.
Map of U.S. time zones between April 2, 2006, and March 11, 2007. The current situation is different only in that Pulaski County, Indiana, is now in the Eastern time zone and no longer in the Central Time Zone.
The **Central United States** is sometimes conceived as between the Eastern United States and Western United States as part of a three-region model, roughly coincident with the Midwestern United States plus the western and central portions of the Southern United States; the term is also sometimes used more or less as a synonym for the Midwest, leaving out all or most of the South. 

The Census Bureau does not provide a standard definition of "Central" region of the United States, and organizations that need to subdivide the US are free to define a "Central" region to fit their needs.

References and other websites
-----------------------------

* Central Time Zone Midwest minus OH, MI, most of Indiana (seasonal), and westernmost fringes of Plains states; plus South minus South Atlantic states, eastern KY, eastern TN, but western FL is included.
* YPO Only 6 central states of the Midwest, plus KY
* CERI Archived 2002-09-13 at the Library of Congress Web Archives All of Midwest and South including MD, DE
* NOAA Midwest minus OH, plus KY, CO, WY
* HSUS Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine Midwest minus ND, SD, KS, plus KY
* USGS Archived 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine West North Central States, South Central United States, 4 eastern Mountain States
* Adventure Camp Midwest plus South minus Atlantic states, AL, WV
***Chobits*** (ちょびっツ) is a Japanese manga and anime series created by CLAMP.

Plot
----

The story is mostly about the life of Hideki Motosuwa who did not make it into a university, and so is called a 'ronin', a repeat student. Hideki tries to get into a university by moving from his farm and studying at Seki, a cram school in Tokyo. He is not used to women, but likes to imagine that he is. He wants to have a girlfriend and a 'Persocom'. A Persocom is a kind of robot that looks like a person, but can be used like a computer, phone, and a "partner" in some cases. 

One evening when Hideki is walking home from the grocery store, he finds a unique Persocom on a curb. It is a beautiful young girl with long blonde hair, wrapped in white cloth, lying against a pile of trash bags. He takes the Persocom home. Hideki looks all over the Persocom's body for a switch to turn her on, and finds it between her legs. He turns her on and asks her questions, but all she can say is "chi", so Hideki names her Chi Archived 2014-12-31 at the Wayback Machine.

Anime
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The anime has 26 episodes and was broadcast across East Asia and Southeast Asia by the anime television network, Animax. Episodes 9, 18, and an extra 27th OVA episode are used as "recap" episodes, looking back on the events that happened previously. The episodes were given different numbers for the DVD release because the original recap episodes were not included as part of the main anime, instead being published together on the final DVD and re-numbered as 8.5, 16.5 and 24.5 making the series only 24 episodes.

There is a 6-minute special episode: "Sumomo and Kotoko on a Quest", or "Chibits", which is about Sumomo and Kotoko.

The series was supervised by Morio Asaka, and Hisashi Abe was the character designer and the animation director. The ending to the anime series is different from the manga. One thing that is different is that there is no allusion to Hideki never having Chi because of where her switch is, and the new part of Freya taking over Chi's body and asking her mother Chitose to shut them down, saying the Chobits series is a failure, and the activation of the program after all, although the effect on Persocons is not the same as in the manga.
For other uses, see Château (disambiguation).
 Château de Chenonceau in the Loire valley, France
A rural château in France.
A ***château*** (plural **châteaux**) is a manor house or castle of the lord of the manor or a country house of nobility or gentry.

The term comes from French-speaking regions and is used most often for buildings in these regions. Where clarification is needed, a fortified château (that is, a castle) is called a *château fort*. But the word is not used in the same way as "castle" is in English, and most châteaux are more appropriately described as "palaces" or "country houses" in English than as "castles". For example, the Château de Versailles is so called because it was in the country when it was built, but it does not bear any resemblance to a castle, so it is usually known in English as the Palace of Versailles.The Château de Montsoreau is the first Renaissance château to have been built in France, in the world famous Loire Valley. The Château de Montsoreau is also the only one to have been built in the Loire riverbed.

Other websites
--------------

* Photos of Loire Châteaux
* Château de l'Isle-Marie
* Roquetaillade castle
* Château de Ravignan Archived 2007-12-01 at the Wayback Machine
* Château de Montreuil-Bellay
* Château de Fontainebleau  Archived 2009-01-29 at the Wayback Machine
* Château de Bellocq Bearn (in french)
* Château Saint-Aubin Archived 2008-02-20 at the Wayback Machine
* Château of Gaston Phoebus at Morlanne in Bearn (in French)
**Sylvia McLaughlin** (December 24, 1916 – January 19, 2016) was an American environmental activist. She was best known for beginning and helping the movement to save the San Francisco Bay.

McLaughlin was born in Denver, Colorado. George E. Cranmer and Jean Chappell Cranmer were her parents. She grew up in an area with an interesting environment. She left Denver and went to Vassar College in New York.

She returned to Denver and married Donald H. McLaughlin. They moved to Berkeley, California and started a family. When Sylvia saw the environment she lived she got mad. Pollution was ruining the Bay. This inspired McLaughlin to start Save the Bay with two other women in 1961. Save the Bay gathered together many other passionate activists and stopped 2,000 acres of land in the Berkeley bay from being filled with cement. For almost forty years, Sylvia remained on the Save the Bay board. She also joined many other environment focused boards.

Her work helped people learn about the environment of the bay and how to better protect it. Because of McLaughlin, California is still very careful about maintaining the bay’s healthy habitat and creating laws to further protect it.

After many years of hard work, Sylvia McLaughlin died at age 99.
The **International Association of Handicapped Divers**, the **IAHD**, is an association whose aim is to promote, develop and conduct programs for the training of people with a disability in scuba diving. Since it's began in 1993 the IAHD has held many professional and nonprofessional programs at locations all around the world.

The IAHD is a non profit foundation and all the people on the board are volunteers. There are also volunteers in regions around the world. Physical exercise helps people improve their health both physically and mentally. A person with a disability gets these benefits as well as increased social activity by taking up an activity like scuba diving. The risks in training a disabled person in diving are no higher than for able bodied people.

Instructors may have to alter some of the techniques and some equipment may also need changing to meet the individual's need. In some cases extra pool and / or open water training may be needed. In some extreme cases even individual lessons may be needed. IAHD believes that people with a disability should be in a regular class at some point in their training. Being involved with activities like scuba diving may even result in giving a person with a disability a renewed interest in life and provide positive and lasting benefits.

Other websites
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* The IAHD official website
**Eliška Paroubek**, more commonly known as **Elsie Paroubek** (c. 1906 (1906) – between 8 April and 9 May 1911) was a Czech American girl who was a kidnapping and murder victim who was the subject of many newspapers and whose story was inspired in a book.

Biography
---------

Elsie Paroubek was born as Eliška Paroubek in or c. 1906, in the city of Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States. She was born the daughter of František Paroubek (1867–1913) and his spouse (wife) Karolína Paroubek née Vojackova (1869–1927). Elsie was raised in the city of Chicago.

Disappearance and the discovery of her body
-------------------------------------------

On 8 April 1911, when Elsie was c. four or five years old, she disappeared in the city of Chicago. Eventually, when they failed to locate her, her parents contacted the authorities and they helped search for her. When they failed to find her, authorities from the nearby states of Wisconsin and Minnesota, helped authorities from the state of Illinois to find her. Several newspapers regarding the disappearance of Elsie Paroubek was printed in the hopes that she still may be found alive. One month later on 9 May, Elsie Paroubek's dead body was discovered near the city of Lockport which is approximately 30 miles southwest from the city of Chicago. Her death turned out to be a murder. This information became known to Elsie's parents and other family members, as well many other people. Her dead body was buried three days later on 12 May, in the city of Chicago. More than 2,500 people attended Elsie's funeral.

Inspiration for other people
----------------------------

Elsie's disappearance and murder appeared in several newspapers.
Inspired by her disappearance and murder, Henry Darger wrote a popular novel which regarded her case.

Related pages
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* List of disappearances
* List of unsolved murders
* Prairie County John Doe
* Pauline Picard
Sir Colin Davis
Sir  **Colin Rex Davis**, CH, CBE, (Weybridge, Surrey, 25 September 1927 – London, England, 14 April 2013), was a British conductor. He was born in Weybridge, Surrey, UK. Davis went to school at Christ's Hospital before studying the clarinet at the Royal College of Music in London. He was not allowed to take conducting lessons there because he did not play the piano well enough. He still managed to get some experience as conductor of the Kalmar Orchestra with other music students.

In 1952 Davis worked at the Royal Festival Hall, and in the late 1950s conducted the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. He started to become well known when he was suddenly asked to conduct Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera *Don Giovanni* at the Royal Festival Hall because Otto Klemperer was ill. A year later, in 1960, he conducted Mozart's *The Magic Flute* at Glyndebourne because Thomas Beecham was ill.

In the 1960s he worked at Sadler's Wells Opera and with the London Symphony Orchestra. He was Chief Conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra. In 1971 he took over from Georg Solti as principal conductor at the Royal Opera House. He stayed there until 1986. He particularly liked conducting the operas of Michael Tippett, giving the first performances of *The Knot Garden* (1970), and *The Ice Break* (1977). In 1977 he became the first English conductor to appear at the Bayreuth Festival where he conducted *Tannhäuser*.

Davis was Principal Guest Conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1972 to 1984. He was Chief Conductor at the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1983 to 1993. In 1991, Davis was given the honorary title 'Conductor Laureate' of the Staatskapelle Dresden, the first conductor in the orchestra's history to hold that title. In 1995, Davis became Principal Conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. He stayed there until 2006, when the orchestra gave him the title of President. From 1998 to 2003, he was also Principal Guest Conductor of the New York Philharmonic.

He has received many honours, including CH and CBE

In 1949, Davis married the soprano April Cantelo. They had two children, Suzanne and Christopher. Their marriage ended in 1964, and in that same year, Davis married the young Iranian woman who had been the family *au pair*, Ashraf "Shamsi" Naini. To satisfy both the Iranian and British authorities, the couple were married three times, once in Iran and twice in the UK, in the Iranian Embassy as well as in a regular UK civil ceremony. They have five children.

On 14 April 2013, it was announced via the London Symphony Orchestra, of which Davis had been the president, that he had died that evening, aged 85, after a short illness.

Davis was not related to the conductor Sir Andrew Davis.
**Ternate** is a city in the eastern Indonesian province of North Maluku. It is made up of many islands in the Maluku Islands. It was the *de facto* provincial capital of North Maluku before Sofifi on the nearby coast of Halmahera became the capital in 2010. It is off the west coast of Halmahera. It is made up of eight islands: Ternate, Moti, Hiri, Tifure, Mayau, Makka, Mano, and Gurida. In total, the city has a land area of 162.17 square kilometres and had a total population of 185,705 according to the 2010 census, and 205,001 according to the 2020 census, with a density of 1,264 people per square kilometre. It is the biggest and most densely populated city in the province, is the economic, cultural, and education center of North Maluku, and acts as a hub to neighbouring regions. It was the capital of the Sultanate of Ternate in the 15th and 16th centuries, and fought against the Sultanate of Tidore over control of the spice trade in the Moluccas before becoming a main interest to competing European powers. Most of the population is Muslim.
**Priapulida** (priapulid or penis worms) are a phylum of marine worms. Their name refers to their extensible spiny proboscis, which, in some species, may have a shape similar to that of a human penis. They live in the mud, which they eat, in comparatively shallow waters up to 90 metres (300 ft).

Their nearest relatives are probably Kinorhyncha and Loricifera with which they constitute the taxon Scalidophora. Besides arthropods and velvet worms, the priapulids are the only members of the Ecdysozoa which are relatively large in size. They feed on slow-moving invertebrates, such as polychaete worms.

Priapulid fossils are known at least as far back as the Middle Cambrian. They were probably major predators of the Cambrian period. There are only sixteen known living species of priapulid worms.

There's a striking similarity between this word and Romanian "pula\*( penis) which is similar in Spanish"pola"
Now who's got it from who?
Well, it's not "preapolid" to indicate a Spanish origin, but Romanian
Compare it to another word" copulate\*( to have sex) also with .pula'
Constantine Cristin Quora