recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**John Thompson Dorrance** (1873 – 1930) was an American chemist. While working at the Campbell Soup Company he discovered a method to create condensed soup. Dorrance served as president of the Campbell Soup Company from 1914 to 1930.

Early career
------------

Dorrance was born in Bristol, Pennsylvania November 11, 1873. His parents were John and Eleanor (Thompson) Dorrance. He earned a Bachelor of Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He received a PhD degree from the University of Göttingen in Germany in 1897. Dorrance then returned to the United States to work for his uncle at the Joseph Cambell Preserve Company. His uncle started him at $7.50 per week. Dr. Dorrance also had to provide his own equipment and supplies for his laboratory. While studdying in Europe, Dorrance became used to having soup with his meals. He wanted to perfect a method of canning soup and adding it their product line. In 1897 he invented condensed soup. By removing the water it reduced the weight of the can. A lighter can cost less to transport to stores. The company was able to sell their condensed soup for 10 cents a can. The product was a success for the company. His uncle raised his pay to $9.00 a week. Dorrance also designed the now classic red and white label for Campbells Soup.

Rise to prominence
------------------

In 1900 Dorrance became vice president of the Joseph Cambell Preserve Company. At the Exposition Universelle in Paris that year, Campbell's soups won a gold medal. The medal is still shown on the soup cans today. Dorrance found that workers had time on their hands watching the soup cook in the factory. To occupy their time Dorrance created a new product: canned pork and beans. In 1914 Dorrance became president of the company, now called the Campbell Soup Company. He died of a heart disease on September 22, 1930 in Camden, New Jersey.

Other websites
--------------

* The Dorrance Legacy Of Control How A Patriarch Kept A Grip On His Company
* John Thompson Dorran, Entreprenuer
Chevalier **John Taylor** (c. 1703 – 1770 or 1772) was a British eye surgeon and a charlatan (a person who does fake medical practice). He did surgery on Johann Sebastian Bach.

Life
----

Taylor was born in Norwich. His father was a surgeon. He learned surgery at St Thomas' Hospital, London with William Cheselden.

In 1727, he published his book, *An Account of the Mechanism of the Eye*. He travelled around as a surgeon and oculist (an eye doctor). He started travelling Europe in 1734. He got academic degrees from Basel, Reims, Liège and Cologne. However, these are probably only honorary degrees. He became the Royal Oculist to King George II in 1736.

He arrived at Leipzig on 27 March 1750. On 1 April, he did surgery on Johann Sebastian Bach. Bach had eye problems in his old age. The problems were probably myopia and cataract. The newspapers at the time said that the first surgery was successful. However, Bach's cataract appeared again after around a week. Taylor did surgery again on him. Bach went blind after the second surgery. The blindness could have been caused by Taylor's surgery. Bach died on 28 July 1750.

After Taylor did surgery on Bach, he went to Berlin. He was told to leave on 23 April because of his failed surgeries. It is not known exactly where and when he died. Charles Burney said that he died in 1770 in Rome. Others say he died in Paris. London newspapers and his grandson said that he died in Prague in 1772.

Taylor pretended to be a nobleman. He started using the title "chevalier" in 1750, even though he was not a knight. He was eventually made a nobility by Pope Benedict XIV in 1755.
**Hiroshima** (広島) is the capital city of Hiroshima Prefecture. It is the largest city in the Chugoku region of western Japan. About a million people live in Hiroshima.

History
-------

### Atomic bombing

Atomic Bomb Dome
At the time of the attack, Hiroshima was the headquarters of the 2nd General Army and 5th Division. It contained 40,000 Japanese soldiers within the city's limit, and was a beehive (or center) of war industry. The industry manufactured parts for planes and boats, bombs, rifles, and handguns. Children also were shown how to construct and throw gasoline bombs. and the heavy sick were assembling traps to be planted in the beaches of Kyushu. As with other Japanese cities, many of the strategic targets in Hiroshima were mixed with civilian homes and centers made of wood and paper. This made it harder to conduct a successful precision attack. And the highly inaccuracy of the bombing technology in World War II was owed to it. As a result, the city became the first nuclear weapon used against a target in history.

The bomb exploded over Hiroshima at 8:16 on the morning of August 6, 1945. Much of the city was destroyed. An estimated 70,000 persons were killed. 20,000 were Japanese soldiers and 20,000 were Korean slave laborers of all the kiled. Another 70,000 were injured. The bomb was nicknamed *Little Boy* after President Theodore Roosevelt. A building near the blast center still remains and is called the Atomic Bomb Dome.

### Itsukushima shrine

Near to Hiroshima, there is a small island called Miyajima. The island is known for its deer. An old Shinto shrine named Itsukushima Shrine is also here. It is said that Itsukushima shrine was built at the end of the 5th century. The shrine is known for its use of red-colored wood, and especially for the *torii* gate. The gate leads into the shrine, which is partly underwater at high tide. Today, Itsukushima shrine and the Atomic Bomb Dome are registered as World Heritage sites. Also it was a landing site for the U.S.

Related pages
-------------

* Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
* Sanfrecce Hiroshima
* List of World Heritage Sites in Japan
* Hiroshima Toyo Carp

Other websites
--------------

* WW2DB: Destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki


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**Hieronymus Bosch**, (born Jeroen Anthonissen van Aken, c. 1450 – 9 August 1516) was an early Dutch painter. He lived, worked and died in 's-Hertogenbosch, a Dutch town. This was then the capital of the Duchy of Brabant, a region which included much of modern Belgium and Holland.

Many of his works depict temptation, sin and punishment in hell. The paintings have a dreamlike surreal quality, with sexual and sadistic images. The intent was probably serious, to warn of the punishment which awaited sinners in hell.

The paintings often look like, and certainly did influence, the modern art movement known as surrealism. Bosch used images of demons, half-human animals and machines, to evoke fear and confusion, and to portray the evil of man. His works contain complex, highly original, imaginative, and dense use of symbolic figures and iconography, some of which was obscure even in his own time.

Today only 25 paintings are known to be by him; Philip II of Spain collected some of the best, which are now in the Prado Museum, Madrid.

* 
* Ecce homo*Ecce homo*
* The Stone Cutting, or The cure of folly*The Stone Cutting*, or *The cure of folly*
* The Temptation of Saint Anthony*The Temptation of Saint Anthony*
* Detail of The Temptation of St AnthonyDetail of *The Temptation of St Anthony*

*The Garden of Earthly Delights* high-res version
**John Paul "Chief" Bucyk** (born May 12, 1935) is a Canadian retired ice hockey left winger. He played most of his career with the Boston Bruins.

Bucyk was born on May 12, 1935 in Edmonton to Ukrainian immigrants.

Bucyk was a skilled left winger who was one of the biggest players of his day. He had a long and great career, and had scored the fourth most points and played the third most games ever when he retired in 1978. He was also the highest scoring left winger ever. He was a very clean player and won the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy for sportsmanship in 1971 and 1974.

Bucyk played junior hockey for four seasons for his hometown team. Then he signed up with the Detroit Red Wings in 1955. Two years later he was traded to the Bruins. Bucyk became the top left wing in Boston and was a star for the team for 22 years. He often served as the team's captain.

When he retired, the Bruins also retired his number #**9** jersey. He was also elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1981. He scored 545 goals as a Bruin, the most in team history. Only Ray Bourque had more points and assists for the Bruins.

Bucyk still works the Bruins and is the team's director of road services.

Related pages
-------------

* List of NHL statistical leaders

Other websites
--------------

* Biographical information and career statistics from NHL.com, or Eliteprospects.com, or Hockey-Reference.com, or Legends of Hockey, or The Internet Hockey Database

|
|  |
| Preceded byLeo Boivin |  **Boston Bruins captain**1966–67 & 1973–77(No captain 1967-1973) | Succeeded byWayne Cashman |
|
| Preceded byPhil Goyette |  **Winner of the Lady Byng Trophy**1971 | Succeeded byJean Ratelle |
|
| Preceded byGilbert Perreault |  **Winner of the Lady Byng Trophy**1974 | Succeeded byMarcel Dionne |
"**Happy**" is a 2013 song performed by American singer and producer Pharrell Williams. It was released as a soundtrack for the animated movie *Despicable Me 2.*

It was released for the album Despicable Me 2: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song and is nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song. It was ranked at number one at the Ireland musical charts.

Composition
-----------

"Happy" was written and produced by Pharrell Williams. Williams is the lead vocalist throughout the song, while the backing vocals are performed by Rhea Dummett, Trevon Henderson, Shamika Hightower, Ashley L. Lee, Jasmine Murray and Terrence Rolle. The song was recorded at Circle House Studios in Miami, Florida in 2013 and later mixed at Music Box Studios in Atlanta, Georgia.

"Happy" is 3 minutes and 53 seconds long and has a tempo of 160 beats per minute.

Chart performance
-----------------

In October 2013, a month prior to its release, "Happy" reached the number-one spot on the Dutch Top 40 chart in the Netherlands, partially as a result of radio station 3FM airplay and online downloads, as well as featuring in a Transavia commercial.

"Happy" reached the top of the US *Billboard* Hot 100 for the week ending March 1, 2014. This became the fourth song featuring Pharrell Williams to top this chart, however it is the first song with Williams as the lead vocalist to do so. By March 2014, more than 3 million units of the song were sold in the United States.

In the United Kingdom, "Happy" debuted outside the Top 70 of the UK Singles Chart on 1 December 2013 and eventually reached the number-one position on 29 December. It was the third song featuring Pharrell Williams to chart at number one in 2013, making Williams the first artist to have three number-one singles in the United Kingdom since 2009.

In Australia, "Happy" reached the number-one position on the ARIA Singles Chart on 6 January 2014 and spent 12 non-consecutive weeks at that position.

In New Zealand, "Happy" reached the number-one position on the NZ Top 40 Singles Chart on 6 January 2014 and has spent 15 non-consecutive weeks at that position. On 28 April 2014, its 15th week at the number-one position, it became the song with the most weeks at the number-one position in the chart's history.

Other countries in which "Happy" has reached the number-one position on a national singles chart include Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and Venezuela.
A **happiness pump** is an idea in philosophy. A happiness pump is someone who will do anything to make other people happy even if it makes them very unhappy themselves. They have turned themselves into a machine (a "pump") that makes happiness.

The happiness pump is a way of showing problems in utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy. It is a way of deciding which actions are good and which are bad. In utilitarianism, actions that make more happiness or stop pain are good. Actions that stop happiness or make pain are bad. In utilitarianism, it does not matter who is becoming happier or feeling less pain. That means that, in utilitarianism, helping strangers is good. The happiness pump is a person who has taken utilitarianism too far and will give themselves lots of pain so long as they believe it makes other people somewhere in the world much happier.

The happiness pump is only an idea. Philosopher Joshua David Greene says it is almost impossible to be a happiness pump for real. People who even tried would give up.

In popular culture
------------------

A happiness pump character is on one episode of the television show *The Good Place*.

Related pages
-------------

* Thought experiment
The **helmeted honeyeater** (*Lichenostomus melanops cassidix*) is an endangered species of bird. There is only a tiny population in the Yellingbo Nature Conservation Reserve, in Victoria, Australia. The helmeted honeyeater became the state of Victoria's official bird emblem in 1971.

Famous ornithologist, John Gould first described the bird as being a separate species, which he named *Ptilotis cassidix* in 1867. It now one of the three sub-species of the yellow-tufted honeyeater, *Lichenostomus melanops*. The other sub-species are not endangered.

Where the bird lives
--------------------

This bird is only found in a five km long patch of forest along two streams in the Yellingbo Nature Conservation Reserve, 50 km east of Melbourne. A reserve was set up in the Bunyip State Park for releasing birds raised in captivity. In 2003 there were 103 individuals in the wild with 20 breeding pairs known as well as a further 34 birds in captivity at the Healesville Sanctuary. The 2009 Victorian bushfires burnt to within 200 metres of bird colony at Bunyip State Park. Captive birds had to be moved to the Melbourne Zoo when the fires also came close to the Healesville Sanctuary. However, on April 28, 2009, 13 birds bred in captivity were released back into the wild. The number of wild birds is now believed to be 113.

Before the captive breeding program was started there were only about 50–60 birds left in the wild. The birds have been bred at Healesville and at Sydney's Taronga Park Zoo.

Description
-----------

The Helmeted honeyeater is about 20 centimetres (8 inches) long. Their colour can be anywhere from black to olive green. They have a yellow patch on the heads.

What they eat
-------------

Helmeted honeyeaters eat manna, which is like a sap from some eucalyptus trees. They also eat nectar from the eucalypt flowers as well as small insects and spiders.

Saving the helmeted honeyeater
------------------------------

Several things are being done to save this bird from becoming extinct. One is a captive breeding program, where the birds are bred at Healesville and Toronga Park. When they become old enough, between 6—8 months, the are put into the wild where they will hopefully begin breeding. Forest areas are being planted with the right sort of trees and plants to provide the birds with food and shelter. This is being done on private land as well as in the State parks. There is also planting to join the small patches of bush with corridors so the birds are not trapped in one small area.

Other websites
--------------

* Friends of the Helmeted honeyeater
* A plan to save the Helmeted honeyeater Archived 2009-04-21 at the Wayback Machine
**Grand'Anse**, or *Grande Anse*, is one of the ten departments (French: *départments*, singular *départment*) of Haiti. Its capital is Jérémie.

Geography
---------

The *Départment de la Grand'Anse* has an area of 2,091 km². It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Gonâve, to the east by the Nippes Department, to the south by the Sud Department, and by the Caribbean Sea to the west.

The *Massiff de la Hotte*, an important Haitian mountain range, runs from west to east along the south of the department, with the Plymouth, Macaya and Casetaches mountain ranges. Because of this, rivers here are short; some of them are Baradères, Dame-Marie, de la Grande-Anse, de Nippes, des Roseaux and Voldrogue.

Administrative division
-----------------------

The department is divided into three *arrondissements* (like districts) and 11 *communes* (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:

1. Anse d'Hainault
	1. Anse-d'Hainault
	2. Dame-Marie
	3. Les Irois
2. Corail
	1. Beaumont
	2. Corail
	3. Pestel
	4. Roseaux
3. Jérémie
	1. Abricots
	2. Bonbon
	3. Chambellan
	4. Jérémie
	5. Moron
Homing pigeon
A **Homing pigeon** is a special breed of pigeons. These pigeons have been domesticated. They have been selectively bred to find their way home. They can do this over very long distances. The wild rock pigeon from which these birds are bred also has this homing ability. This means that it will generally return to its own nest and its own mate. This made it relatively easy to breed from the birds that repeatedly found their way home over long distances. Flights as long as 1800 kilometers have been recorded by birds in competition pigeon racing. Speeds of up to 95 km/h (59 mph) have been observed.

Homing pigeons are called carrier pigeons when they are used to carry messages. This is possible where a message is written on thin light paper (such as cigarette paper) and rolled into a small tube attached to the bird's leg; this is called pigeon post. Pigeons can only go back to one "mentally marked" point that they have identified as their home. So "pigeon mail" can only work when the sender is actually holding the receiver's pigeons. White homing pigeons are used in Release Dove ceremonies at weddings, funerals, and some sporting events.
***Homo rhodesiensis*** is a hominin species described from a single fossil skull. It was found in the colony of Northern Rhodesia, (now Zambia) at a mine called Broken Hill (now Kabwe) in 1921. The skull lacks the lower jaw, but otherwise is almost complete. In addition to the cranium, an upper jaw from another individual, a sacrum (bone of the pelvis), a tibia, and two femur fragments were also found.

Rhodesian Man is dated to be between 125,000 and 300,000 years old. Cranial capacity of the Broken Hill skull has been estimated at 1,100 cm³. Bada & al (1974) published a direct date of 110 ka for this specimen. The brain size is rather small for such a late date. The destruction of the paleoanthropological site has made layered dating impossible.

The skull is from an extremely robust (= strong) individual, and has the comparatively largest brow-ridges of any known hominid remains. It was described as having a broad face similar to *Homo neanderthalensis* (i.e. large nose and thick protruding brow ridges), and has been interpreted as an "African Neanderthal". There are several features intermediate between modern *Homo sapiens* and Neanderthals. Most current experts believe Rhodesian Man to be within the group of *Homo heidelbergensis*. Other names, such as Archaic *Homo sapiens* and *Homo sapiens rhodesiensis*, have also been suggested.
"**Hometown Glory**" is Adele's debut single. It is from her album *19*. The song was also re-released as her fourth single.

"Hometown Glory" was firstly released in 2007 as Adele debut single on singer Jamie T's Pacemaker Recordings label as a limited edition 7" vinyl single, of which only 500 copies were made. The song failed to chart mainly due to high downloads of the song during her *19* album release week, the song managed to chart within the top 40 of the UK Singles Chart for the first time.

The song was later released in 2008 as Adele's debut single for the US market. In the UK, due to the popularity of the song, which resulted in the song charting twice within the UK top 40 on download sales, the song was released as the third single (the fourth including the release of the original single) from the album on 21 July 2008. As of 27 July 2008, the track has become Adele's third consecutive UK Top 20 hit single.

Music video
-----------

The music video for "Hometown Glory" was a live performance video, recorded for the re-release of the single. The initial limited edition vinyl release of "Hometown Glory" does not have a promotional video.

Features
--------

The song has featured on various television shows.

On April 7, 2008, "Hometown Glory" was featured in the teen drama *Skins*, resulting in the song again charting in the UK Singles Charts top 40 at number 32. Later that month, on April 24, 2008, it was featured on *One Tree Hill* episode 5.15, and on May 22, 2008, the song was featured on the season four finale of *Grey's Anatomy*. On June 10, 2008, the song was used on popular British soap opera *Hollyoaks* and was used again in the soap opera on October 13, 2008. On July 2, 2008, it was featured in season 4 of *So You Think You Can Dance* in a Mia Michaels' contemporary dance by Katee Shean and eventual winner, Joshua Allen. It also featured in a Season 2 episode of Secret Diary of A Call Girl. The track has recently been used in advertisements and promotional scenes for the British soap opera Coronation Street.
**Jessie Hill** (December 9, 1932 – September 17, 1996)  was an American R&B and Louisiana blues singer and songwriter. He was best known for his popular call and response song "Ooh Poo Pah Doo". As a singer, he recorded a successful single. In addition to his original, there have been over 100 cover versions made by other artists.

Early life
----------

Hill was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. While still a teenager, he played drums in local bands. In 1951, while still drumming, he started his own group, the House Rockers. At first, Professor Longhair played piano, then later it was Huey "Piano" Smith. Hill got different musicians for the House Rockers in 1958, and started singing.

Career
------

The idea for the song "Ooh Poo Pah Doo" began from some music played by a local pianist, who had the nickname Big Four. Hill wrote the lyrics and melody. Over time, while performing it on stage, it became a longer song. Hill also added an opening part written by Dave Bartholomew. In the end, the song became "a nonsensical yet rollicking call-and-response workout that perfectly captures the energy of French Quarter life...".

Hill recorded a demo that he shopped to local record labels, finally recording a session at Cosimo Matassa's studio. The record was produced by Allen Toussaint. When it was released in early 1960, it became popular, especially during Mardi Gras in New Orleans. That year, the record sold 800,000 copies and reached the Top 5 in the US *Billboard* R&B chart. It was in the Top 30 in the *Billboard* Hot 100 pop chart as well. There have been over 100 cover versions of "Ooh Poo Pah Doo" recorded and performed live over the years by other popular musicians.

Other records he made in New Orleans were not as successful. He then moved to California and worked with other musicians from New Orleans, including Harold Battiste and Mac Rebennack. Songs he wrote there were recorded by Ike Turner and Tina Turner, (singing together as "Ike & Tina Turner"), Sonny Bono and Cher (singing together as "Sonny & Cher") and Willie Nelson.

Later life and death
--------------------

Stil living in California, a 1972 solo album was not successful at all. He ended up living in poverty and had a drinking problem. He moved back to New Orleans in 1977. He continued to drink alcohol and use narcotics. After he was arrested for drunk driving, he could no longer earn money driving his black Cadillac as a taxi. For a while he was homeless. There were several benefit concerts given to try to help him, but he did not recover from his failures.

Hill died of heart and renal failure in New Orleans in September 1996. He was 63. He is buried in Holt Cemetery in New Orleans, in a grave for the poorest citizens of the city.

Family
------

Two of his grandsons are James and Troy "Trombone Shorty" Andrews. The pair performed "Ooh Poo Pah Doo" in Episode 7 of the HBO series *Treme*. A third grandson, Travis "Trumpet Black" Hill, also performed as a trumpet player in New Orleans. He died from an infection while on tour in Tokyo on May 4, 2015.
**Jasenovac i Gradiška Stara** (Jasenovac and Stara Gradiška) is a Croatian song promoting the Ustaše. The lyrics celebrate the World War II crimes against the Serbs. The lyrics include words in the typical dialect of Herzegovina, where some of the worst atrocities against Serbs during WWII happened.

In 2007, Efraim Zuroff reported in the *Jerusalem Post* that during a performance by Marko Perković of the Croatian band Thompson at Maksimir Stadium, there were a large number of Ustaše symbols and fascist salutes among the crowd (which included politicians, government officials and celebrities), helping to create an air of discomfort among Croatia's minorities in the region at the time. Zuroff claimed that Perković gained notoriety two years earlier for having performed a modified version of the song, which "expressed nostalgia for those two infamous Croatian concentration camps in which at least 300,000 innocent Serbs, Jews, Gypsies and anti-fascist Croatians were murdered by the Ustashe with nary a Nazi in sight."

Perkovic himself denies writing or even performing the song, stating that he is a musician, not a politician. An organizer for a Thompson tour of New York City also defended Perkovic, saying he did not write the song nor is a copy available on any of his albums.

Related pages
-------------

* Independent State of Croatia
* Thompson (band)
* Ustaše

Other websites
--------------

* Audio recording of the song performed by Marko Perković Thompson in Osijek in 2002
**Jentina Rose Rees** (née Chapman) (born 6 March 1984 in Woking, England) known simply as **Jentina**, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter and model. She also is of Romani people descent.

Music career
------------

Jentina got her first record deal at the age of nineteen. She was working in a computer shop at the time. She then came to fame in 2004 with her first single "Bad Ass Strippa". It was a rap song that sampled "For the Love of Money" by R&B group the O'Jays. It reached number twenty two in the UK. Her follow up single "French Kisses" was more R&B than hip hop sounding and reached number twenty. Her third single "Mysterious" didn't chart in the UK and was only released in Italy. Her album *Jentina* was released in Italy in 2005. "Bad Ass Strippa" was later sampled and turned into a diss song by fellow female rapper Lady Sovereign called "Sad Arse Stripah".

Modeling career
---------------

Apart from being a musician, Jentina was also a model. In November 2007, she modeled for the underwear brand Wonderbra. She was also featured in a jokey video of the chocolate bar Cadbury's *Gorilla* advert where a gorilla played the drums to a Phil Collins song called "In The Air Tonight".

Personal life
-------------

Jentina was born to a Romani family that consisted of fourteen children. When she was one year old, her family moved to West Molesey, Surrey. 

In 2011, Jentina was on the judging panel for "Travellers Got Talent". She also appeared in the eight-part documentary "A Gypsy Life For Me" which aired on Bio in November 2011.

Jentina is married and has three children. They live in London.

Discography
-----------

### Albums

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Album information | *Jentina** Released: 2005
* Format: CD
 |

### Singles

| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| UK | IT | AUS |
| 2004 | "Bad Ass Strippa" | 22 | 20 | 49 | *Jentina* |
| "French Kisses"1 | 20 | — | — |
| 2005 | "Mysterious"2 | — | 30 | — |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or was not released in that country or territory. |

1 - Released in the United Kingdom only.  

2 - Released in Italy only.
**Christopher Jason Witten** (born May 6, 1982) is an American football tight end for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League. He played college football at the University of Tennessee.

College career
--------------

In his first of three years playing college football at the University of Tennessee, Witten went from being a defensive end prospect to a record breaking tight end. He posted school records for most receptions (39) and receiving yards (493). He continued to be a good, solid player in college.

Professional career
-------------------

### Dallas Cowboys

Jason Witten was drafted by the Dallas Cowboys in the 3rd round (69 overall) by the Dallas Cowboys in the 2003 NFL Draft. Witten has a successful career in Dallas. He has been voted to seven Pro Bowls. On November 28, 2008, Witten made his 400th catch in a Thanksgiving day game against the Seattle Seahawks. Witten became the 3rd all-time catch leader for a tight end over Ozzie Newsome with his 663rd career catch.

Witten (left) and Ron Jaworski in an ESPN studio on February 26, 2010.

Personal
--------

Witten is a Christian, and appeared on the show *I am Second* and talked about his faith. Witten lives in Texas, USA and is married. He has two sons, CJ and Cooper. He also owns the *Jason Witten SCORE Foundation*, which helps people affected by domestic violence.

Other websites
--------------

* Jason Witten official site
* Dallas Cowboys bio Archived 2012-06-14 at the Wayback Machine
**Homo sacer** (Latin for the ‘sacred man’ or ‘accursed man’) is a phrase taken from Roman law. It is
used to describe someone who is banished, and may be killed by anybody but not used in a religious killing
(sacrifice). Described by Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben in his book *Homo Sacer*; ‘sovereign
power and bare life’ as a person who is living a ‘naked life’ and is an outcast of society.

Occurrence
----------

Someone becomes Homo Sacer by breaking a legal agreement or oath; people who
illegally cross the borders between countries have often been referred to and treated as Homo
Sacer. In Shahram Khosravi’s book *Illegal traveller* he talks about how someone
forced to leave their country to find a better life elsewhere can become ‘homo sacer’, which can
lead to a feeling of separation from the rest of society.

Consequences
------------

This makes the person an outlaw; they have no civil rights and lose their protection
from the state. They are often victims of abuse and unfair treatment both through this loss of rights
but also from everyday citizens.
Greg Giraldo during a performance.
**Greg Giraldo** (December 10, 1965 – September 29, 2010) was an American comedian television personality, and retired lawyer. Giraldo is probably best known for his many appearances on Comedy Central's roast specials and is also known for being a regular on Lewis Black's Root of All Evil.

He was married twice, once when he was 24 and he said that last very long. At the time of his death he had 3 children and had been divorced.

He accidentally overdosed on prescription medication and he was scheduled to appear at a comedy performance at the Stress Factory in New Brunswick, New Jersey. When Giraldo failed to appear the police were called to his hotel room where they found him and they rushed him to Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital. It was reported that he had been in a coma for four days before his family had life support removed and he died on September 29, 2010.

On March 18, 2011, Comedy Central aired a special called *Give it up for Greg Giraldo*, that featured celebrities Jon Stewart, Colin Quinn, Lewis Black, Daniel Tosh, Denis Leary, Sarah Silverman, Jeffrey Ross, Nick Swardson, Dave Attell, Jim Gaffigan and Conan O'Brien as well as others as they talked about his life and career.

Official website
----------------

* Greg Giraldo's Official website
Josef Skvorecky
**Josef Škvorecký** (September 27, 1924 – January 3, 2012) was a Czech writer and publisher based in Canada. He left Czechoslovakia after the Soviet invasion in 1968. Skvorecky helped banned Czech writers have their books printed and then smuggled back in to the country.

He was born at Nachod. During World War II he worked in a factory making Messerschmitt airplanes. After the war he studied philosophy at Charles University in Prague. He worked for a government publisher. His job there was to translate books by authors such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, and Raymond Chandler. He began to write his own detective stories based on a character called Lieutenant Boruvka.

His first novel, *The Cowards* (1958), was banned because it did not agree with the government about the communist resistance to the Nazis in the war. The book did not talk about heroism and sacrifice. The characters are interested in girls and jazz. He was about to publish his second novel, *The Tank Battalion* (1968), when the Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia in 1968. Skvorecky and his wife left the country and moved to Canada where he had been offered a job at the University of Toronto. With his wife they set up their own publishing company. They reprinted *The Tank Battalion*. Copies were sold to Czech people living in exile. Some copies were smuggled back into Czechoslovakia. His publishing company specialized in printing books by banned Czech writers.

He was awarded the Order of the White Lion, by Vaclav Havel in 1990, and in 1992 was appointed to the Order of Canada.

Works by Josef Skvorecky
------------------------

* The Cowards (1958)
* The Tank Battalion (1968)
* The Engineer of Human Souls
* The Miracle Game (1972)

Other websites
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* Josef Skvorecky's official website Archived 2012-02-04 at the Wayback Machine
**Greta** is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is east of the city of Benalla. The local government that looks after Greta is the Rural City of Wangaratta. At the 2006 census, there were 231 people living in and around Greta.

History
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Greta primary school, 1874-1983
The area had four villages, all of which were called Greta at some time. The first township known as Greta, on Fifteen Mile Creek, is now called Greta West. The name is thought to come from Greta River in Cumberland, England.

After gold was found near Beechworth in 1852, roads to the gold diggings passed through the Greta area. At that time, there was a large swamp, which was later drained. The town site was laid out at Fifteen Mile Creek in 1852. During the 1860s the land was sold into small farm lots, used for cereals, cattle grazing, and dairying. At this time the township started with the Post Office opened on September 4, 1863. It closed in 1971, though post offices at Greta West and Greta South remained open until 1994.

In 1867 a Catholic school was started. By the 1880s there were 5 schools in the Greta area; Greta, Greta South, Greta West, Hansonville, and Fifteen Mile Creek. Today, only 2 of the 5 schools remain; Greta Valley and Fifteen Mile School Camp.

The nearby city of Benalla was joined to the railway in 1873. This meant that less people passed through Greta. It became mainly a farming area.

A Methodist church was started in 1878 and an Anglican church in 1890. A public hall was built in 1916.

The Kelly family
----------------

Ruins of the Kelly farm near Greta
Bushranger Ned Kelly's family lived on a small farm near Greta. It was in the small cottage at Greta that Constable Fitzpatrick tried to sexually assault Ned's sister, Kate Kelly. In the fight that followed, Fitzpatrick was injured. His mother, Ellen Kelly was put in gaol for 4 years for trying to murder Fitzpatrick. The police tried to arrest Ned and his brother Dan Kelly, but they had escaped into the bush. This was the start of the Kelly Gang.

After the siege at Glenrowan, Dan Kelly and Steve Hart, were buried in the Greta Cemetery. Ellen Kelly died at Greta in 1923, and is buried in the Greta Cemetery. Ned's younger brother, Jim Kelly, lived in the cottage at Greta until 1948. He is buried in the Greta Cemetery.

The Town today
--------------

The town has a football team playing in the Ovens & King Football League.

Other websites
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* Local History of Greta
In mathematics, an **interval** is a group of numbers that includes all numbers between the beginning and the end. Numbers that are larger than the beginning number and smaller than the end number are inside the interval, and numbers that are smaller than the beginning number or larger than the end number are not in the interval. The beginning number and end number may or may not be inside the interval. An example of an interval might be from 3.3 to 15. Here, numbers such as 4, 8, 9.5, 14, and even 14.999 are inside this interval. Numbers such as -4, 2, 3.2, 20, and 15.000001 are not inside this interval.

To write an interval, write either a square bracket ( **[** ) or a parenthesis ( **(** ), the beginning number, a comma ( **,** ), the end number, and either a closing square bracket ( **]** ) or a closing parenthesis ( **)** ). Examples of intervals are (4, 9.6), [-100, 100], [-30, -4).

Different kinds of intervals
----------------------------

Intervals can be separated by how they act at their ends. Intervals can be **closed**, **open**, or **mixed**.

### Closed Intervals

An interval that is closed also includes the beginning and the end, and generally takes the form of {\displaystyle [a,b]}. A closed interval that has 3 as the beginning and 5.4 as the end would include 3, 5.4, and every number between 3 and 5.4. To write a closed interval, use square brackets ( **[** and **]** ). An example of an closed interval is **[136, 450]**.

### Open Intervals

An interval that is open does not include the beginning or the end, and generally takes the form of {\displaystyle (a,b)}. An open interval that has 3 as the beginning and 5 as the end would include every number between 3 and 5, but it would not include 3 or 5. To write an open interval, use parentheses ( **(** and **)** ). An example of an open interval is **(2, 5)**.

### Mixed Intervals

A mixed interval is open at one end and closed at the other end, and generally takes the form of {\displaystyle [a,b)} (right-open interval) or {\displaystyle (a,b]} (left-open interval). This means that the interval may include the beginning but not the end, or it may include the end but not the beginning. For example, the interval **[9, 23)** would include 9, but it would not include 23.

Related pages
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* Affine arithmetic
* Interval arithmetic
**Hurricane Fico** of the 1978 Pacific hurricane season was a tropical cyclone that caused damage in Hawaii.

Storm history
-------------

Storm path
A tropical depression formed on July 7 and organized into the sixth tropical storm of the season the next day. Initially heading west-northwest, it changed direction to almost due west shortly after reaching Category 4 intensity on July 11. After spending over a day at that intensity, Fico decayed and fell back down to a mid-range Category 1 on July 14. Fico then reintensified back to Category 4 strength the next day.

The hurricane's strength fluctuated, but Fico stayed a major hurricane until July 17, when it entered the central Pacific as a Category 1. It slowly intensified and became a major hurricane yet again on the 21st. At this point, Fico turned to the northwest and slowly lost strength. The storm dropped to a tropical storm early on July 28, and went extratropical later that day. At a later date, the remnants were enmeshed in a frontal system which headed towards the Aleutian Islands.

Fico was a tropical cyclone for 20 days, and travelled a distance of roughly 5500 mi (9000 km), both of which were records. It was also a hurricane for 17 consecutive days. Both of Fico's records have been broken. Hurricane Tina and then Hurricane John outlasted Fico. John also outran its distance record.

Impact
------

Fico never made landfall. Despite this, it pounded the Big Island with 15-30 foot waves doing "considerable damage"  to roads and buildings along the coast. Smaller waves also broke on the southern shores of Maui with minimal effects. Six people aboard a sloop were washed overboard and rescued, while a tugboat was driven aground on a reef at Kukuiula. A weakening Fico also caused a sharp wind gradient, producing gusty gale-force winds that blew across the islands, knocking over trees and causing power outages. Fico's extratropical remnants caused heavy rains and gales south of Cold Bay in the Aleutians.

The name Fico was retired after this storm and replaced with **Fabio** in the 1982 season.

Other websites
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* CPHC Report
* Unisys Storm Track

| * v
* t
* e
Pacific hurricanes that have had their names retired |
| --- |
| Eastern Pacific | 
* Hazel
* Fico
* Fefa
* Ismael
* Pauline
* Adolph
* Kenna
* Alma
* Manuel
* Odile
* Patricia

 |
| Central Pacific | 
* Iwa
* Iniki
* Paka
* Ioke

 |
| 
* **Commons**

 |
This article is about the Atlantic hurricane in 2003. For other storms of the same name, see Hurricane Erika

**Hurricane Erika** was a Atlantic hurricane that hit extreme northeastern Mexico near the Texas-Tamaulipas border. It happened on August 16, during the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season. Erika was the eighth tropical cyclone, fifth tropical storm, and third hurricane of the season that year. The storm was created from a non-tropical area of low pressure that was tracked for five days before developing in the eastern Gulf of Mexico on August 14. Under the influence of a high pressure system, Erika moved quickly westward and became stronger under favorable conditions.

Storm history
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Storm path
A weak surface area of low pressure came apart from a frontal system on August 8. It was moving southwestward during that time. On August 9, it created convection when it was passing underneath a cold-core upper-level low. As the system rapidly continued westward, a lot of the convection stayed near the center of the upper-level low, preventing development of a closed surface circulation. On August 13, while located near the northwestern Bahamas, an increase in convection made the upper-level low building downwards to the middle levels of the troposphere, which caused the development of an upper level anticyclone.

On August 14, a closed low-level circulation nearly developed to the east of Key Largo, Florida, but because of the deep convection remaining to the north over the mid-level center, it was weakened. The mid-level storm continued going westward and it moved across Florida. After crossing Florida, Hurricane Hunters showed a poor circulation, but with winds higher than tropical storm strength, and the system was designated as Tropical Storm *Erika* late on August 14 while located 85 miles (135 km) west of Fort Myers.

NEXRAD image of Erika making landfall on northeastern Mexico.
With well-established outflow and low levels of wind shear, Erika became stronger as the circulation became better defined. A high pressure system covered over the south-central United States, forcing the storm to move just south of due west at 25 mph (40 km/h). On August 15, convection were made into bands, and as its winds were turning into hurricane strength, an eye developed within the storm. The storm quickly weakened over the Sierra Madre Oriental, and Erika was calming down early on August 17. After entering the Gulf of California on August 18, It led to the formation of a tropical disturbance. It went to the northwest and weakened on August 20.

Other websites
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* Erika's Tropical Cyclone Report


|  |
| --- |
| **Tropical cyclones of the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season** |
| 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A | 2 | B | C | D | 6 | 7 | E | 9 | F | G |
| H | I | 14 | J | K | L | M | N | O | P |

 |  | 

|  |
| --- |
| Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale |
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |

 |
| 

---

 |


|  |
| --- |
| * **Category**
* **Commons**
 |
***Kamen Rider V3*** is a Japanese television series.

Features
--------

It is the second installment in the popular Kamen Rider Series. It is also the direct sequel to the original *Kamen Rider*. It was a joint collaboration between Ishimori productions and Toei, and was shown on Mainichi Broadcasting System and NET from February 17, 1973, to February 2, 1974.

Narration
---------

Every episode of Kamen Rider V3 begins with the following opening narration: "Kamen Rider V3, Shiro Kazami, is an altered human. Mortally wounded by Destron, he is rebuilt by Kamen Riders 1 and 2, reborn as Kamen Rider V3".

Plot
----

Shiro Kazami saw a murder by the evil organization Destron, making him their next target. After several failed attempts on his life, Shiro rescues Junko Tama, a woman who also becomes Destron's target after stumbling upon the organization's main base. In an attempt to kill both, one of Destron's monsters storm Shiro's house and kills all members of his family, the duo rescued from certain death by Shiro's high school teacher, Takeshi Hongo, also known as Kamen Rider 1 and his partner, Hayato Ichimonji Kamen Rider 2. Driven with vengeance, Shiro asks the Riders to be transformed into a cyborg to fight Destron. At first they refuse, but were forced to comply to save his life after he is injured while saving them from danger. Becoming Kamen Rider V3, Shiro swears to protect humankind against Destron. Later on, he is joined by Joji Yuki, a former Destron scientist who fights as Riderman to get his revenge on Destron for being accused of treason.

Kamen Rider The Next
--------------------

As of 2007, a reimagined Kamen Rider V3 appears in *Kamen Rider The Next*, a movie loosely based on the TV series, following the Reboot (fiction) of the franchise started with the 2005 movie *Kamen Rider The First*.

Cast
----

* Shiro Kazami: Hiroshi Miyauchi
* Tōbei Tachibana: Akiji Kobayashi
* Junko Tama: Hizuru Ono
* Shigeru Tama: Hideki Kawaguchi
* Joji Yuki: Takehisa Yamaguchi (Played as Satoru Yamaguchi)
* Doktor G: Jōtarō Senba
* Baron Kiba: Eiji Gō
* Archibishop Tsubasa: Sachio Fujino
* Marshal Yoroi: Bunya Nakamura
* Ken Sakuma: Ken Kawashima
* The Destron Leader (voice): Gorō Naya
* Narration: Shinji Nakae

Songs
-----

Opening theme
* "Tatakae! Kamen Rider V3" ("Fight! Kamen Rider V3")
	+ Lyrics: Shotaro Ishinomori
	+ Composer: Shunsuke Kikuchi
	+ Vocals: Hiroshi Miyauchi and The Swingers

Ending themes
* "Shōnen Kamen Rider Tai no Uta" ("Song of the Kamen Rider Boys Squad")
	+ Lyrics: Saburo Yatsude
	+ Composer: Shunsuke Kikuchi
	+ Vocals: Ichirou Mizuki and the Columbia Yurikago-kai
	+ Episodes: 1-42
* "Hashire Hurricane" ("Run, Hurricane")
	+ Lyrics: Sukeo Nōmi
	+ Composer: Shunsuke Kikuchi
	+ Artist: Masato Shimon and the Columbia Yurikago-kai
	+ Episodes: 43-52
The logo of the foundation.
The headquarters of the foundation shown on an Azerbaijani postage stamp, 2012.
The **Heydar Aliyev Foundation** (Azerbaijani: *Heydər Əliyev Fondu*) is a non-profit organization headed by Azerbaijan's First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva. The foundation is named in honor of Azerbaijan's former leader, President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev (1923–2003), who was the father of Aliyeva's husband, the current President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev. The headquarters of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation is located in the Azerbaijani capital city Baku.

History and aim
---------------

The foundation was created in 2004, to protect the president's legacy and support a number of educational and charitable projects. The foundation's aim is to develop education, health care, arts, culture, promote Azerbaijan abroad, protect Azerbaijani cultural heritage and improve the welfare of the people.

Other websites
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Heydar Aliyev Foundation***.

* Official website (in Azerbaijani, English, and Russian)