recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
The **1980 United States heat wave** was a period of strong heat and drought. It caused *serious* havoc and damage in the Southern Great Plains and much of the Midwestern United States during the summer of 1980. It was one of the most devastating and damaging natural disasters in terms of deaths.

The heat wave first got started in June 1980. A strong high pressure area began building in the central and Southern United States. That allowed the temperatures to soar to 90 °F (32 °C) almost every day from June to September. This high pressure system acted as a cap on the atmosphere. That prevented thunderstorm development and caused severe drought conditions. But the heat wave broke when the dying Hurricane Allen stopped the weather pattern.

The heat wave and drought led a number of cities in the Midwest and South to have record heat. In Kansas City, Missouri, the high temperature was only below 90 °F (32 °C) twice. In the same city, the high temperature hit 100 °F (38 °C) 17 days in a row. In Memphis, Tennessee, the high temperature reached 108 °F (42 °C) on Sunday, July 13. It was part of a 15-day stretch of 100 °F (38 °C) temperatures that lasted from July 6 to July 20.

The agricultural damage by the 1980 heat wave and drought was over $20 billion (1980 USD). That allowed the temperatures to soar to 90 °F (32 °C) almost every day from June to September. This high pressure system acted as a cap on the atmosphere.

In Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, high temperatures exceeded 100 °F (38 °C) a total of 69 times. Forty-two of those were consecutive days. In Dallas-Fort Worth, the high temperature hit 113 °F (45 °C) on two days: June 26 and 27.
Making fufu 
A Plate of Pounded Yam 
**Fufu** (pounded yam or cassava) is a food dish which first came from West Africa, but is enjoyed by many people across the world. Its taste somewhat resembles that of mashed potatoes with butter. It is common in Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, Cote D'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Benin, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Angola, and Gabon. 

The main ingredient for fufu is boiled cassava, plantains, and yams. In Ghana, Ivory Coast and Liberia, they separately mix and mash equal portions of boiled cassava with green plantain or cocoyam. Its thickness is then adjusted to personal preference, and it is eaten with broth-like soups. In Nigeria, fufu is made jusst from fermented cassava giving it its unique thickness compared to that found in other west African countries. It is eaten with a variety of soups with vegetables and lots of beef and fish. Other flours, such as semolina, maize flour, or mashed plantains, may take the place of cassava flour. Families in rural areas with access to farmland still maintain the original recipe of using cassava. Fufu is traditionally eaten with the fingers, and a small ball of it can be dipped into an accompanying soup or sauce.
**Bullion** (from the french word for "boiling") refers to coins, jewellery and bars made of a precious metal such as gold or silver, that are bought and stored simply as an investment in the prices of the metal(s) they are made of. Although precious metal bullion is no longer used to make coins for general circulation, it continues to be held as an investment with a reputation for stability in periods of economic uncertainty.

Unlike numismatic coins, a bullion coin is a coin, new or old, that is bought only for the price of the metal it is made of, not for its condition, age or any other value, british gold sovereigns are a common historic bullion coin, and most countries produce a coin meant solely for bullion purposes in different weights, e.g american silver eagle.

Bullion can also be in the form of bars of precious metal in different weights (and thus sizes) bars can easily be stacked and are easier to sort then coins as only the weight needs to be taken into consideration.

It may also be jewellery such as neck chains, pocket watch cases and pendants.

Typical bullion metals include:

* Silver
* Gold
* Platinum
* Palladium

Due to it's relatively small size and high value, bullion is often stolen in robberies and burglaries, as a result it is mainly stored in safes, some people who invest in bullion may choose to pay to have it stored in a safe deposit box at a local bank, rather than a safe in their own home.

"Stacking" is an informal term for the act of collecting bullion.

Low value bullion is sometimes carried in a pocket or worn as jewellery.
First Republic of Venezuela (1810-1812)
The term "**patriot**" is used to refer to supporters of Spanish American independence and of their governments that emerged during the revolutions between 1808 and 1825. 

After three centuries of colonial rule, independence came rather suddenly to most of Spanish and Portuguese America. Between 1808 and 1826 all of Latin America except the Spanish colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico slipped out of the hands of the Iberian powers who had ruled the region since the conquest. The rapidity and timing of that dramatic change were the result of a combination of long-building tensions in colonial rule and a series of external events. The movements that liberated Spanish South America arose from opposite ends of the continent. From the north came the movement led most famously by Simón Bolívar, a dynamic figure known as the Liberator. From the south proceeded another powerful force, this one directed by the more circumspect José de San Martín. After difficult conquests of their home regions, the two movements spread the cause of independence through other territories, finally meeting on the central Pacific coast. From there, troops under northern generals finally stamped out the last vestiges of loyalist resistance in Peru and Bolivia by 1826. First Republic of Venezuela was the first Patriot government and State of Upper Peru was the last Patriot government. And the leaders are Nicknamed Libertadore.
Example of theft: only the wheel of the bicycle is left
Paul-Charles Chocarne-Moreau, *The Cunning Thief*, 1931
**Theft** is when one person or group takes from another person, business, or state any object, money, or information without permission and does not intend to return it. A person who has been convicted of theft may be called a **thief**. However, the practice of engaging in theft is also called **stealing**. There are many different types of theft, such as pickpocketing and shoplifting. Burglary and robbery are separate crimes which involve theft.

[*source?*]

Stealing is basic and is illegal almost everywhere. Thieves steal things sometimes because they want to have something for themselves, or because they want to sell something for money. Sometimes thieves will make plans to rob a store, bank, house, or person, and sometimes they will just see a chance to steal something and take it. Some thieves have kleptomania. 

When thieves steal things for money, they usually pick cars, electronics, laptops, or other things they can sell easily. Sometimes thieves use pawn shops to sell things easily to someone who will not ask questions. 

stealing is cool!
The Game Boy Color in teal
The **Game Boy Color** (often said as ***GBC***) is a video game console manufactured by Nintendo. It was first introduced in Japan in October 1998 and released in North America, Europe and Australia in November 1998. It is the successor to the original Game Boy, but it precedes the Game Boy Advance (which is backwards compatible with *GB* and *GBC* games). The biggest innovation of the Game Boy Color was its colorful graphics. The Game Boy Color is almost as powerful as the Nintendo Entertainment System. Except for the Pokémon Mini, it was the last 8-bit console made by a mainstream company. The last game released for Game Boy Color was *Harry Potter And The Chamber of Secrets* in 2002.

The GBC has a color screen rather than a monochrome, but it is not backlit. It is clearly thicker and bigger and has a slightly smaller screen than the Game Boy Pocket, its last model in the Game Boy line. As with the original Game Boy, it has an 8-bit processor made by Sharp Corporation that is a hybrid between the Intel 8080 and the Zilog Z80. The spelling of the system's name, Game Boy Color, remains used throughout the world, with its American English spelling of "color".

The Game Boy Color is part of the fifth generation of video game consoles. The GBC's competitors in Japan were the grayscale 16-bit handhelds, Neo Geo Pocket and the WonderSwan, though the Game Boy Color outsold them by a wide margin. SNK and Bandai countered with the Neo Geo Pocket Color and the Wonderswan Color, this did little to change Nintendo's sales. With Sega discontinuing the Game Gear in 1997, the Game Boy Color's only competitor in the United States was its last one, the Game Boy, until the short-lived Neo Geo Pocket Color was made in August 1999. The Game Boy and the Game Boy Color together have sold 118.69 million units worldwide, making it the third-best-selling system of all time.

It was discontinued on March 23, 2003, shortly after the Game Boy Advance SP was made. Its best-selling game was *Pokémon Gold and Silver*, which sold 23 million units worldwide.
**Fingering** is the act of touching the vulva or vagina and sometimes the anus for the purpose of sexual stimulation with the fingers. It is like the handjob, which is the manual stimulation of the penis. It is a common form of foreplay  or mutual masturbation. To "finger oneself" is to masturbate in this way.

Digital penetration is penetration (for example sexual penetration) with one or more fingers.

Vaginal fingering
-----------------

  

Vaginal fingering can end in orgasm. It also may or may not include the entire sexual encounter. It may be part of foreplay or part of a start to other sexual activities. These activities can provide sexual pleasure to a partner when penetrative intercourse is not possible or desirable for whatever reason.

Anal fingering
--------------

Fingering of the butt and rectum is commonly enjoyed in preparation for further anal sex. Anal fingering can arouse a person, allowing them to relax their anus and prepare them for the insertion of a penis or a dildo.

Safety
------

The practice is generally considered safe sex as long as the hands are protected with latex gloves.
**The Pittsburgh Maulers** are a professional American Football team that started in Canton, Ohio. The Maulers play in the United States Football League (USFL) north teams. The Maulers were made a team in 2021, which was one of the eight starting teams for the re-launch of the United States Football League which closed in 1986.

Boogie Roberts

Isiah Henne

Troy Williams They have worn 2 different color schemes

Indigo and Orange (2022)

Black and Gold (2023- present)

```
                                                                            Off the post play
                                 
                                                                           Kyle Lauletta play ation from the 3
                                                                            the pass goes off the post caught   
                                                                             Sean Murphy oh my GOENESS.
                                                                              Touchdowwn maulers!!!
```

Alltime record Regular Season Postseason 

5-15 1-1
The **Korean War** (Korean: 한국전쟁, Russian: Корейская Война, Chinese: 朝鲜战争) took place between 25 June 1950 and 27 July 1953. It was a civil war fought between the Republic of Korea (South Korea), and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or North Korea). South Korea was supported by the militaries of several countries of the United Nations, commanded by the United States. North Korea was supported by the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union. The war began at 4:30 a.m. on June 25, 1950. The fighting stopped on July 27, 1953. More than two million Koreans had been killed, mostly in the North.

Both sides blame each other for starting the war. The North, led by the communist Kim Il-Sung, was helped mostly by China, led by Mao Zedong, and the Soviet Union, led by Joseph Stalin. There was medical support from East Germany, led by Walter Ulbricht); Hungary, led by Mátyás Rákosi; Romania, led by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej; Czechoslovakia,(led by Klement Gottwald; Poland, led by Bolesław Bierut; and Bulgaria. Other support came from Mongolia, led by Khorloogiin Choibalsan

The South, led by the nationalist Syngman Rhee, was helped by many countries in the United Nations, especially the United States. British troops were on the ground in smaller numbers. The U.S. forces included detachments from its Air Force and Navy.

The war ended on July 27, 1953. The United States keeps troops in South Korea in case North Korea ever invades again. Both Koreas are divided by the Korean Demilitarized Zone, which crosses the 38th parallel.
**Misskey** is open-source software for distributed social networks [en]. It was originally developed by "syuilo", a Japanese software engineer. When it was first developed the main service was a bulletin board, but the open-source community added short "Notes" and a timeline function. Those key features allowed the program and community to grow to its current size.

Overview
--------

A user's post is called a *Note*. As with other distributed social networks, users can join or create servers. Each server is managed by different administrators, in different locations. 

The origin of the Misskey name is from the lyrics of 'Brain Diver' [ja], a song released by the Japanese singer May'n [en].

History
-------

### Development

Misskey publishes its source code to GitHub. You can modify the code as long as you publish it based on AGPLv3. Since Misskey also publishes open API [en], you can create a personal application through the code. The translation is using Crowdin [en].

### Timeline

* On 2014, development and operation were launched.
* On April 8, 2018, became to use the ActivityPub protocol to communicate with each other server, and rename its codename "nighthike".
* On April 14, 2019, version 11 was released. PostgreSQL was adopted as a database software, and renamed its codename "daybreak".
* On February 6, 2020, version 12 was released. Rename its codename "indigo".
* On January 16, 2023, version 13 was released. Rename its codename "nasubi". Added functions and Changed design drastically.

Technology
----------

Code is written with TypeScript and Node.js. PostgreSQL [en] is used as a database software. Vue.js [en] is used as Web client since February, 2018. Misskey users can interact with users on any other server that supports ActivityPub [en].

Differences from Mastodon
-------------------------

Misskey and Mastodon are both distributed social networks based on ActivityPub.
But their programming languages and library are different. Their APIs are not compatible.
Mastodon's ideology takes a critical attitude to centralized SNSs such as Twitter and Facebook.[*source?*]
When it began, Misskey was not designed as a distributed social network, so its ideology isn't based on an anti-centralized attitude.

Related pages
-------------

* ActivityPub
* Mastodon (social network)
***Labyrinth*** is a 1986 musical fantasy movie directed by Jim Henson with George Lucas as executive producer. The movie was written by Terry Jones. *Labyrinth* is well-known because many of its characters are strange monsters portrayed by puppets.

Plot
----

A 16-year old girl named Sarah must babysit her infant half-brother. She doesn't enjoy babysitting him and wishes that he disappeared. Then, the Goblin King arrives and takes the baby away. He says that Sarah will get her brother back if she manages to navigate through his labyrinth and make it to his castle before her brother is turned into a goblin,

While in the labyrinth, Sarah encounters many creatures and monsters that she becomes friends with, including Hoggle (a dwarf), Ludo (a large beast), Sir Didymus (a anthropomorphic fox). During the movie, it is revealed that Hoggle is working for the Goblin King and has been tasked with leading Sarah back to the beginning of the labyrinth. Hoggle eventually turns good and helps Sarah and the others on their journey.

When they finally arrive at the castle. Sarah confronts the Goblin King and manages to defeat him at the last second. Her baby brother is returned and she is transported back home.

Cast
----

* Jennifer Connelly as **Sarah**, a 16-year old girl who searches through the labyrinth to find her baby brother
* David Bowie as **Jareth**, the king of the goblins and ruler of the labyrinth
* Christopher Malcolm as **Sarah's father**
* Shelley Thompson as **Sarah's mother**

### Creatures

| Character | Role | Puppeteer | Voice |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hoggle | A dwarf who Sarah meets in the Labyrinth | Shari Weiser | Brian Henson |
| Ludo | A large beast who becomes Sarah's friend | Rob Mills | Ron Mueck |
| Sir Didymus | An anthropomorphic fox | Dave Goelz | David Shaughnessy |
| The Worm | A talking worm | Karen Prell | Timothy Bateson |
| The Wiseman | Creature in the Labyrinth | Frank Oz | Michael Hordern |
| The Hat | A talking bird | David Goelz | David Shaughnessy |
| The Junk Lady | A villain who tries to stop Sarah | Karen Prell | Denise Bryer |
Damage as a result of the tornado.
The **1984 Barneveld tornado** occurred in Barneveld, Wisconsin on June 8, 1984.

Tornadoes began breaking out on the afternoon of June 7 across North Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. Three people were killed in Missouri by a tornado and one person was killed in Iowa just after 9:00 p.m. CDT. The severe weather then shifted into Wisconsin where a tornado watch went out at 11:00 p.m. CDT, but most of Barneveld had gone to bed that night.

A supercell thunderstorm which produced a tornado in Iowa at 9:00 p.m. CT entered Wisconsin from the Iowa/Illinois border at midnight. At 12:30 a.m. the first tornado touched down in Lafayette County. At 12:41 a.m. the tornado drove through Barneveld. A sharp bolt of lightning as well as a loud clap of thunder cut the power to the city, awakening residents. Other tornadoes broke out before dissipating after 3:00 a.m. CDT.

The tornado was rated an **F5** and killed 9 people and injured 200 others as well as $25 million in damage. It was the last F5 tornado to occur at night until the Birmingham, Alabama tornado in April 1998.
**Bariis Iskukaris**, also called **Isku-dheh karis** or just **Bariis** is a traditional rice dish from Somalia. The name *Isku-dheh karis* literally means "cooked mixed together". It is sometimes used to more broadly refer to other grain-derived crops that require similar cooking. Hence the more specific term for this dish is *bariis isku-dheh karis* which means "rice (bariis) cooked mixed together".

Ingredients
-----------

Bariis iskukaris is made from basmati rice, and is topped with raisins, peas, and fried potatoes, onions and peppers. It is usually served with roasted meat or fish. It is a national dish of Somalia and is especially popular at weddings. It is a staple dish which is served as part of a Somali daily meal. It is generally served with fresh bananas.

Spices
------

The dish has a spice mixture called *xawaash* which literally translates as "spices" in the Somali language. That is made from ground cumin, turmeric, coriander, paprika, cardamon, black pepper, cloves, cinnamon and nutmeg. Either saffron or orange or red food coloring are added to the dish after the rice has finished cooking to give the dish an orange color.

Gallery
-------

* Somali Bariis Dishes
* Bariis iskukaris with camel meatBariis iskukaris with camel meat
* Bariis iskukaris with Fish, Liver and VegetablesBariis iskukaris with Fish, Liver and Vegetables
* Bariis iskukaris with ChickenBariis iskukaris with Chicken
**Richard Dawson Kiel** (September 13, 1939 – September 10, 2014) was an American actor. He was best known and remembered for his role as Voltaire to Dr. Miguelito Loveless in the first season episodes of *The Wild, Wild West* (1965-1966). Keil was also known for his prominent role as Jaws in the *James Bond movies* The Spy Who Loved Me and Moonraker. Keil's movie and television acting career lasted over 50 years.

Early life
----------

Kiel was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan. He then moved to Fresno, California and began his acting career in Hollywood.

Acting career
-------------

Kiel began his acting career in 1960. His first television role was in the television show *Laramie* and his first movie role was in the 1961 movie *The Phantom Planet*.

Kiel also played the role of the titanium-toothed Bond villain Jaws in the James Bond movies *The Spy Who Loved Me* (1977) and *Moonraker* (1985) as well as in the James Bond video game *Everything or Nothing*. He also played Mr. Larson in the 1996 comedy film *Happy Gilmore*. Richard also portrayed all of the Kanamits in the epic Twilight Zone episode "To Serve Man"

In 1986, Kiel was nominated for a Saturn Award for his role as Jaws in both *The Spy Who Loved Me* and *Moonraker*.

Kiel's last television role was in the 2000 television series *Bloodhounds, Inc.* and his last movie and voice role was in the 2010 animated movie *Tangled*, where he provided the voice for the character of Vladimir, a gigantic but surprisingly softhearted thug who collects ceramic unicorns.

Personal life
-------------

Kiel was originally married to Faye Daniels from 1960 until they divorced in 1973. Then, he was married for a second time to Diane Rogers from 1974 until his death in 2014. Both Kiel and Rogers had 4 children together.

Keil also had acromegaly, which creates too much growth hormones. In 2005, he also wrote his own autobiography "*Making It BIG In The Movies*".

### Death

Kiel died on September 10, 2014 in Fresno, California at the age of 74. Kiel died from a heart attack caused by coronary artery disease. He was 3 days away from turning 75. Prior to his death, Keil had been admitted to a hospital in Fresno after breaking his leg the previous week.

Other websites
--------------

 Media related to Richard Kiel at Wikimedia Commons

* Richard Kiel on IMDb
Mullah **Muhammad Umar Mujahid** (1959 - 23 April 2013) was the founder of the Taliban in Afghanistan. He was usually called **Mullah Omar**. After Afghanistan was invaded by the Soviet Union in 1979, he joined the Afghan mujahideen to fight in the Soviet–Afghan War. He served as an important military general during several skirmishes, losing his right eye in an explosion. Between 1996 and 2001, he was Afghanistan's de facto head of state. Three states officially recognised him under the title of 'Head of the Supreme Council'. He was born in 1959 in Kandahar Province of Afghanistan. He held the title Commander of the Faithful from the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

  

The United States put him on their most wanted list. They believe he sheltered Osama bin Laden, and some of his al-Quaeda group, directly before and after they committed the September 11 attacks. He was believed to be directing the Taliban in their war against Hamid Karzai's Government and foreign NATO troops in Afghanistan from Pakistan. Many people considered him to be a major terrorist.

Despite his political rank, and his high status on the FBI's wanted list, not much was publicly known about Omar. There are very few photos of him. A picture that was used by the media in 2002, shows another Taliban official, but not Omar. It is also debated how authoritative the images that exist really are.

Omar's right eye was missing as the result of a war wound. People described him as being tall. He was described as shy and untalkative with foreigners.

When he was Emir of Afghanistan, Omar stayed in Kandahar most of the time and rarely met outsiders. He sent his Foreign Minister, Wakil Ahmed Muttawakil, to represent him, on most occasions.

News media claimed that he was killed by a drone strike in 2008.

In 2012, it was revealed that an individual claiming to be Omar sent a letter to President Barack Obama in 2011, expressing slight interest in peace talks.

Death
-----

On 29 July 2015, the Afghan government and state intelligence sources said that Omar had died in April 2013 two years previously in Karachi, Pakistan, of tuberculosis. Some Taliban sources denied that he had died; other sources considered the report to be speculative, designed to destabilise peace negotiations in Pakistan between the Afghan government and the Taliban. A Taliban spokesman said that they would issue a statement. Abdul Hassib Seddiqi, the spokesman for Afghanistan's National Directorate of Security, claimed: "We confirm officially that he is dead".

It was later learned that he died in Afghanistan, not Pakistan.
The **tawny owl** or **brown owl** (*Strix aluco*) is a stocky, medium-sized owl commonly found in woodlands across much of Eurasia. There are eleven recognised subspecies, and some variation in the colouring. 

The nest is usually in a tree hole where it can protect its eggs and young against potential predators. This owl is resident through the year, and highly territorial. Many young birds starve if they cannot find a vacant territory once parental care ceases.

Strix aluco, juv
This nocturnal bird of prey hunts mainly rodents, usually by dropping from a perch to seize its prey, which it swallows whole; in towns its diet includes a higher proportion of birds. Vision and hearing adaptations and silent flight aid its night hunting. The Tawny is capable of catching smaller owls, but is itself vulnerable to the Eagle owl or Northern Goshawk. Red foxes are an important cause of mortality in newly fledged young.

Although many people believe this owl has exceptional night vision, its retina is no more sensitive than a human's. Rather, it is its asymmetrically placed ears that are key to its hunting. They give the Tawny owl excellent directional hearing. Like most owls, it hunts at night. It has a rather strange, but easily imitated, call.
**Sayed Sadruddin Lakyari (**Urdu: سید صدرالدین لکیاری, Sindhi: سيد صدرالدين لڪياري), commonly known as **Laki Shah Sader**, is a Sindhi Sufi saint and Islamic preacher who traces his ancestry to Ali Ibn Abi Talib. His grandfather, Sayed Ali Makki ibn Abbas Mousavi, originally from Samarra City in Iraq, Under the command of Sayyid Ali Makki, he arrived in Sindh during the era of 'Raja Dahir' (8th century) along with a group of more than 100 followers. Following their arrival, he established his residence in Laki, Sindh. Descendants of Laki Shah Sader usually have "Lakyari" in their name to indicate their descent.

Early life and family
---------------------

Lakki Shah Sadr lived in Amri at first. Later, he chose to settle in Lakki with his father, Muhammad. He was among the distinguished scholars and spiritual leaders of 600-700 hijri era, time

In the journal "Mehran," Volume 2, 1989, published by the Sindh Adabi Board in Jamshoro, Dr. Abdul Majeed Sindhi mentioned that Khawaja Muin al-Din Chishti referred to a revered saint, Sheikh Sadruddin, residing in a hut in the villages of Lakki in the Sistan region. The explanation notes that during the late 655th Hijri and early 700th Hijri, Hazrat Sadr al-Din lived in Lakki. The title 'Sheikh' is a term of respect for saints. Some historians identify Lucky Shah Sadr as Sadr al-Din Muhammad Ahmad. The city was formerly known as Lakki Teerth. Due to the saintly attributes and respected personality of Hazrat Sadr al-Din, Lakki Shah Sadr (the city) became well-known by his name. Lakki Shah Sadr passed away at an old age, and his mausoleum is situated in the northwest of Lakki Shah Sadr (the city).

  

As per Mir Ali Sher Qaune Thattvi, the author of "Tuhfat al-Karam," Raja Delorai, also known as Raja Dahir, is believed to have given his daughter in marriage to Sayyid Ali Makki. During his preaching in various regions, Sayyid Ali Makki eventually settled in the valley between Laki Mountain and the Indus River. Inspired by his teachings, some individuals constructed a house in the area, leading to the place being named 'Lakkalvi,' later evolving into Lakke village in connection with 'Lak.' Over time, the region came to be known as 'Lakki Shah Sadar.'

During a visit to Sehwan by Raja Dahir Sayyid Ali Makki delivered a sermon, advising the king to refrain from cruelty and encourage justice and fairness in his rule. In response to the saint's counsel, Raja Dahir abandoned oppressive practices and even offered his daughter in marriage to Sayyid Ali Makki after she embraced Islam. Sayyid Ali Makki had four sons, and Sayyid Sadruddin was born to his eldest son, Sayyid Muhammad.
**Black Palestinians** are black people who live in or have family from Palestine. They are also called **Afro-Palestinians** because many have ancestors from Africa. In history, many black people were forced to go to Palestine as slaves by the Ottoman Empire. Some of them were also enslaved by Palestinian Bedouins. There are also Black Palestinians who came as immigrants from Africa. Today, they still face discrimination because of their race. One neighborhood in Gaza with many Black Palestinians is known by an insulting name for slaves. A minority of African Palestinians which number around 350-450 reside in an African enclave (Hai al-Afaarika) around the Bab al-Majlis, the northern gate, contiguous to the Haram al-Sharif, in the Muslim Quarter of Jerusalem, which also contains several micro-communities composed of Indians, Domari Gypsies, Afghans, and Moroccans.

More websites
-------------

* Black, Proud and Palestinian- Interview with Reem Mohamed Amer, Archived 2021-05-10 at the Wayback Machine
| 24-hour clock | 12-hour clock |
| --- | --- |
| 00:00 | 12:00 a.m. - midnight
(start of day) |
| 01:00 | 1:00 a.m. |
| 02:00 | 2:00 a.m. |
| 03:00 | 3:00 a.m. |
| 04:00 | 4:00 a.m. |
| 05:00 | 5:00 a.m. |
| 06:00 | 6:00 a.m. |
| 07:00 | 7:00 a.m. |
| 08:00 | 8:00 a.m. |
| 09:00 | 9:00 a.m. |
| 10:00 | 10:00 a.m. |
| 11:00 | 11:00 a.m. |
| 12:00 | 12:00 p.m. - noon |
| 13:00 | 1:00 p.m. |
| 14:00 | 2:00 p.m. |
| 15:00 | 3:00 p.m. |
| 16:00 | 4:00 p.m. |
| 17:00 | 5:00 p.m. |
| 18:00 | 6:00 p.m. |
| 19:00 | 7:00 p.m. |
| 20:00 | 8:00 p.m. |
| 21:00 | 9:00 p.m. |
| 22:00 | 10:00 p.m. |
| 23:00 | 11:00 p.m. |
| 24:00 | 12:00 a.m. - midnight
(end of day) |

World map showing the usage of 12 or 24-hour clock in different countries  24-hour  24-hour (12-hour orally)  Both in common use  12-hour
The **24-hour clock** is a way of telling the time in which the day runs from midnight to midnight and is divided into 24 hours, numbered from 0 to 23. It does not use a.m. or p.m. This system is also referred to (only in the United States and the English speaking parts of Canada) as **military time** or (only in the United Kingdom and now very rarely) as **continental time**. In some parts of the world, it is called **railway time**. Also, the international standard notation of time (ISO 8601) is based on this format.

A time in the 24-hour clock is written in the form hours:minutes (for example, 01:23), or hours:minutes:seconds (01:23:45). Numbers under 10 have a zero in front (called a leading zero); e.g. 09:07. Under the 24-hour clock system, the day begins at midnight, 00:00, and the last minute of the day begins at 23:59 and ends at 24:00, which is identical to 00:00 of the following day. 12:00 can only be noon (midday). Midnight is called 24:00 and is used to mean the end of the day and 00:00 is used to mean the beginning of the day. For example, you would say "Tuesday at 24:00" and "Wednesday at 00:00" to mean exactly the same time.
However, the U.S. military prefers not to say 24:00 - they do not like to have two names for the same thing, so they always say "23:59", which is one minute before midnight.

A 24-hour clock face
24-hour clock time is used in computers, by the militaries, for public safety, and in transport. In many African, Asian, European and Latin American countries people use it to write the time. Many people use it in speaking.

Many digital wristwatches and clocks can display the time of day using the 24-hour clock.

In railway timetables 24:00 means the *end* of the day. For example, a train due to arrive at a station during the last minute of a day arrives at 24:00; but trains which depart during the first minute of the day go at 00:00.

To write shop opening hours until midnight use, for example, "00:00–24:00", "07:00–24:00".

Advantages over the 12-hour clock system:

* Fewer confusions between morning and evening; e.g. 7 o'clock in the evening is called 19:00.
* People do not have to figure out if noon is 00h00, 24h or 12h to calculate duration.
**Jedward** are an Irish pop rap duo made up of twin brothers **John Paul Henry Daniel Richard Grimes** and **Edward Peter Anthony Kevin Patrick Grimes** (born 16 October 1991).

Music carer
-----------

### Competitions

There were formed in the UK in 2009 as John & Edward. They were contestants on the 2009 series of UK TV talent show *The X Factor* and finished in sixth place. 

They represented Ireland twice at the Eurovision Song Contest. The first time was in 2011, where they finished 8th. The second time was in 2012, where they came 19th.

### Releases

They have had one hit single featuring Vanilla Ice called "Under Pressure (Ice Ice Baby)" which reached number one in Ireland and number two in the UK. They were dropped by Sony and now are supported by Universal Music. They have released an album entitled "Planet Jedward", which charted at number 17 and a second single entitled "All The Small Things", which charted at number 46. Thay have since released two more albums, Victory (2011) and Planet Jedward (2012).

Television
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They were contestants in the 2011 edition of *Celebrity Big Brother*. They returned to the show in the 2017 edition as "all-star" contestants. They finished as runner-up behind Coleen Nolan.
The **Maipo** is a river that flows from east to west through the Santiago Metropolitan and the Valparaíso regions in central Chile. It flows just south of the national capital, Santiago, and ends in the Pacific Ocean.

The Maipo river is one of the main rivers of Chile and is an important source of irrigation and potable water for the region.

Geography
---------

The Maipo river has a length of 250 km (155 mi), and a drainage basin with an area of approximately 15,304 km2 (5,909 sq mi).

### Course

The Maipo river starts on the Andes, in the place called *Los Nacimientos*, on the side of the Maipo volcano, in the San José de Maipo commune (Santiago Metropolitan Region), at an elevation of about 3,135 m (10,285 ft).

From its start, the river flows to the northwest through the *Cajón del Maipo*, a canyon; the *El Volcán* and *Yeso* rivers join the Maio before San José de Maipo near the town of *San Gabriel* and as right tributaries. After the city of San José de Maipo the river is joined, also as a right tributary, by the *Colorado* river and then turns to the southwest.

After a total of about 110 km (68 mi), Maipo river leaves the Andes to the south of Puente Alto, still at near 800 m (2,625 ft) of altitude above sea level, and gets into the Maipo valley. Near Talagante, after flowing through the city of Santiago, the *Mapocho* river joins, as a right tributary, the Maipo river.

After crossing the coastal mountains, the Maipo gets to the town of *Llolleo*, just south of the port city of San Antonio, where it flows into the Pacific Ocean.

Main tributaries
----------------

Most of the tributaries of the Maipo river join:

 

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Left tributaries:* Clarillo - 24 km (15 mi)

  |   | Right tributaries:* El Volcán- 29 km (18 mi)
* Yeso - 40 km (25 mi)
* Colorado - 60 km (37 mi)
* Mapocho - 110 km (68 mi)
 |

Uses
----

In the upper part, the Maipo is used to produce hydroelectricity. The *Cajón del Maipo* is a popular tourist region, mainly for water sports like rafting.

In the Maipo valley, grapes are produced with the water of the river and the valley is a very important wine region.

Gallery
-------

* Los Nacimientos, place where the Maipo starts*Los Nacimientos*, place where the Maipo starts
* The Maipo river in the Cajón del MaipoThe Maipo river in the *Cajón del Maipo*
* Maipo riverMaipo river
* Mouth of the Maipo river in LlolleoMouth of the Maipo river in Llolleo

Related pages
-------------

* List of rivers of Chile

Other websites
--------------

* Media related to Maipo River at Wikimedia Commons
* Cuenca Río Maipo Archived 2012-02-12 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
Certification of the 1st Constitution of Missouri signed by the President of the State Convention, David Barton, 1820
The **Missouri Constitution** is the state constitution of the state of Missouri in the United States. It is the highest law which forms the laws and government of Missouri. It is subject only to the United States Constitution, and the people of Missouri. The fourth and current Missouri Constitution was adopted in 1945. It provides for three branches of government. The legislative branch is the Missouri General Assembly). The executive branch is headed by the Governor of Missouri. The judicial branch is the Supreme Court of Missouri and the Missouri state courts. It also sets up local governments in the form of counties and cities.

History
-------

The first constitution was written in 1820 in only 38 days. In 1845 the state outgrew its own constitutional limits on creating new counties. A second convention was called in Jefferson City and met from November 1845 until January 1846. But voters would not ratify the proposed constitution in August 1846. The Missouri Constitutional Convention was elected to decide on the issue of secession. But no changes were made to the constitution.

In 1865, delegates met in St. Louis from January 6 to April 8, 1865 to form a new constitution. It was called the 
"Draconian Constitution" and required an oath of loyalty to the Union. It was ratified on June 6, 1865. In 1867, the Supreme Court of the United States struck down the loyalty oath in *Cummings v. Missouri* (71 U.S. 277 (1867)).

Missouri citizens approved a new fourth constitutional convention in 1874. Delegates met in Jefferson City from May 5th to August 2nd, 1875. The changes to the Constitution were mainly about schools. It required 25% of the general revenue be used to support public schools. It also required separate schools for children of African descent. The constitution was ratified on October 30, 1875.

The fifth constitutional convention met in Jefferson City from May 15, 1922 to November 6, 1923. But instead of a new constitution the convention proposed 21 amendments. But the voters refused to approve all 21 amendments at the special election called for February 26, 1924. As a result, none of the amendments were ratified.

The fifth convention was called in Jefferson City on September 21, 1943. The new constitution was approved by the delegates on September 28, 1944 and ratified on February 27, 1945. It has been amended several times since then.

Other websites
--------------

* Missouri Constitution Archived 2016-06-08 at the Wayback Machine
**Executive Order 13769**, also called **Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States**, is an executive order signed by United States President Donald Trump on January 27, 2017. It limits travel to the United States from some countries and by all refugees.

The order said that no more than 50,000 refugees could be let into the United States in fiscal year 2017 until it was deemed to be in the national interest by President Trump. It stopped the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) for 120 days (about four months). After that 120 days, the program would start again for individual countries. The order also stopped the entry of refugees from Syria. The order tells some Cabinet secretaries to stop entry of nationals from countries that do not meet adjudication standards under the Immigration and Nationality Act. The United States Department of Homeland Security lists these countries as Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. 

The Department of Homeland Security later allowed green card holders and dual nationals of other countries to enter the United States. However, they had to have a passport or nationality of a non-listed country.

There were many lawsuits that tried to stop the order. One was *State of Washington v. Trump*, which resulted in a temporary restraining order (TRO). The TRO was issued on February 3, 2017. It stopped much of the executive order. The issue is about whether the order is legal and whether it is against the United States Constitution.

More than 100 travelers were held. They were held for hours without family or legal assistance. Up to 60,000 visas were taken away.

Protests against the order took place in airports and cities.

The order was criticized by Democratic and Republican members of U.S. Congress, Catholic bishops, business leaders and universities.
The **University of Santiago de Compostela - USC** is a public university in the city of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. A second campus is located in Lugo, Galicia. It is one of the world's oldest universities in continuous operation.

In 1495 a school was opened in Santiago. In 1504, Pope Julius II approved the foundation of a university in Santiago but "the bull for its creation was not granted by Clement VII until 1526". In 1555 it moved away from strictly religious instruction with the help of Cardinal Juan Álvarez de ToledoIt began to develop other academic fields, including science.

Today the university covers more than 130 hectares (320 acres). It has more than 2,000 teachers involved in study and research, over 42,000 students, and more than 1,000 people working in administration and services. The Ministry of Education, recognises it as one of the most prestigious universities in Spain.

The university ranks 5th in Spain's best universities ranking by Complutense University of Madrid and 4th amongst public universities.

History
-------

Alonso III de Fonseca
Early in the 16th century the old Pilgrim's Hospital was purchased with the aim of transforming it into a university college. The Santiago Alfeo College, today known as the Fonseca College, was also built. It became the centre of the university life until the second half of the 18th century. At the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th centuries the San Patricio College, or College of the Irish, was created and the San Xerome College was moved to its current location.

The students lived as boarders. They studied Theology, Grammar and Arts Later Law especially ecclesiastical law) and Medicine were added.

In 18th century university escaped from the control of the religious orders of the Catholic Church. It came under the control of the Spanish monarchy. Charles III granted the title of "Regia" (in English, Royal) to the university. The university seal has the Royal Crown over the coat of arms of Castilla, León and Galicia, as well as the most important founders' emblems.

When the Jesuits were expelled from Spain in 1767 Charles III gave their land and buildings in Santiago to the university. The university started schools for Experimental Physics and Chemistry.

Interior of Fonseca College
In the 1980s, two new university campuses in A Coruña and Vigo were established. They later became independent universities.
The current logo for Beat Saber
**Beat Saber** is a rhythm virtual reality video game by Beat Games for Windows PCVR and PlayStation VR as an early release. The game was made available for certain headsets such as Oculus Quest and Quest 2 and HTC Vive on May 21, 2019.

Gameplay
--------

On an Oculus Quest 2 headset, when starting up Beat Saber you will be met with many warning screens and the main menu. The Main Menu has 4 options, "Solo, Online, Campaign, Party Mode". In Solo mode, you can pick any song with any difficulty on any mode. In Online Mode, you can play with up to 5 people in a random lobby or with friends where you play songs to determine the winner. In Campaign Mode, you play different songs on different difficulties to get to the next songs. Sometimes the songs have special requirements, to go to the next level. In Party Mode, you can play with people in the same room as you. The goal is to try and beat the high score by making different rankings on the local leaderboard. Beat Saber comes with 5 music packs for free, you can buy other music packs as well such as the Interscope Mixtape or BTS Music Pack. They can not be found in Campaign mode. The goal of Beat Saber is to slash blocks in time with the beat to earn a good score. While in a song, you may see obstacles that you have to pass through such as walls or spikes.

Reception
---------

Beat Saber is a very popular VR game and is sometimes the first VR game someone buys. It is the first VR game to almost immediately break into Steam's Top Sellers list.

### Mods

The community of Beat Saber is very diverse. Some people have created mods that allow you to create and play custom songs. Mods also allow you to change how your blocks, walls, and sabers look.
The **Capture of Kishangarh Fort** in Rajasthan State India took place during the 1965 War between India and Pakistan It had captured one of the most important actions of the Desert Theater.This war is the finest example of the use of local militia in the history of the Sub-Continent.

Background
----------

The outpost is around 11 kilometres (Lat 27.871 N,Lon 70.563 E) inside Indian territory, in the so-called Jaisalmer Bulge. It is a small mud Structure 70 by 60 metres across. It sits 22 km east of the town of Tanot towards the International border. It also sits on the only road linking any part of Rajasthan with the Pakistani city of Rahim Yar Khan.

The Desert Sector was a mere sideshow in the 1965 Indo-Pakistan War. Both sides had little experience in desert fighting at the time, and moreover the main industrial, and economic heartland of Pakistan and India were to the north. As a result when war came the Indians main effort would be against Lahore and Sialkot in the Punjab. However the Indians left some forces in the region with the aim of launching local offensives. Pakistani army troops in the region were already very stretched, having to defend a sector nearly a thousand km in length. To counteract this effort, the commander Pakistan Army Rangers asked the local people for help.

The Hurs
--------

The Hurs were and are the main tribe living in this area. A proud and fierce people, the Hurs had given the British a difficult time. They had rebelled during World War II against British rule. At the time of the 1965 War the spiritual leader of the Hur was the Pir Pagaro.

The Hurs had earlier not joined the Pakistan Army in any numbers, however with the coming of war, thousands volunteered to fight against the Indians. The Hurs were (due to constraints of finances as well as time) given only basic training and armed with light weapons such as machine guns and assault rifles. The militia was placed under the Pakistani military and para-military forces operating in the sector (known collectively as the "Desert Force"). The Hur militia was commanded by the Faqir Jamal Mangrio.

The Battle
----------

The war began on 6 September 1965 and the hostilities in this sector commenced on September the 8th. Initially the Desert Force and the Hur was placed in a defensive role, a role for which they were well suited as it turned out. The Hur were familiar with the terrain and the local area and possessed many essential desert survival skills which their opponents (and indeed their comrades in the Pakistan Army) did not. Fighting as mainly light infantry, the Hur inflicted many casualties on the Indian forces as they entered Sindh. The Hurs were also employed as skirmishers, harassing the Indians LOC, a task they often undertook on camels. As the battle wore on the Hurs and the Desert Force were increasingly used to attack and capture Indian villages inside Rajasthan. It was in this vein that an assault on Kishangarh fort was launched. The attack surprised the Indians and the fort was captured after several days of bitter fighting.