recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
A **Separately Managed Account** or **SMA** is a type of financial investment account popular with some individual investors. SMAs are offered by financial consultants and brokerage firms, and managed by independent "money managers." A money manager is simply a business that manages stock and other securities portfolios or baskets of investments for an investor. SMAs have varying fee structures. Common characteristics of SMA programs are: they provide open investment choices; have multiple managers; and, offer a customized investment portfolio created for a client's specific needs. By customizing the portfolio, investors can limit the investment risk with various strategies, such as using stock options, according to the Wall Street Journal.

History
-------

SMAs were first introduced in the US in the 1970s by the former investment firm EF Hutton  Since that time, SMAs have grown in popularity, are offered in the US, UK, Australia and other countries. For some investors, Separately Managed Accounts are rivals to mutual funds and other types of investments.

Performance
-----------

While there is no long-term research that compares SMAs’ performance to that of mutual funds or other investment categories, the available research does show them as a strong competitor.

Morningstar Inc. a fund research firm, released research that showed that SMAs beat mutual funds in 2008. Morningstar said that SMAs outperformed mutual funds in 25 of 36 stock and bond market categories that year. In addition, Morningstar said that from 2006 to 2008, SMAs surpassed mutual funds in 22 of 26 categories.

*The Wall Street Journal* reported that Separately Managed Accounts may beat popular mutual funds because SMAs "…tend to have smaller amounts of assets than popular mutual funds, allowing them to trade more nimbly." 

Unlike mutual funds, SMAs permit the investor to tailor their basket of stocks and bonds which can limit the investment risk. *Registered Rep*, an investment trade magazine, said that SMAs also can provide 
tax advantages that may not be available with mutual funds and other investments.

The *Wall Street Journal* recognized top SMA performers including PTI Securities & Futures LP’s "Protected Index Program" and Robinson Value Management Ltd’s "Market Opportunity Composite Strategy." 

*Pensions & Investments*, a US investment trade magazine, reported on several of the highest performing SMAs for 2008.

Financial experts point out that past performance of any investment is not a predictor of future performance. So, investors should talk with a licensed financial adviser and carefully review all information available before making any investment decision. In addition, before making an investment, investors should check with the appropriate licensing and regulatory authorities to ensure that the firm(s) offering SMAs is (are) properly licensed and in good standing.
Quartz crystal
Quartz
**Quartz** is a tectosilicate mineral that is the second most common mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its crystal structure is a framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra. Each shares an oxygen atom with another tetrahedron, so the overall chemical formula is SiO2 or silica.

It's name is derived from the German *quarz,* which sounds the same but is spelled without a t.

There are many different varieties of quartz, some of which are semi-precious gemstones. They have been used for a long time to make jewelry and hardstone carvings. Agate, amethyst, rose quartz are all forms of quartz.

Quartz crystals are used in oscillators, for example in quartz clocks. People also extract the silicon to make semiconductors.
The majority of sand is small quartz bits. Quartz has a mineral hardness of 7. (mohs scale).

The word "quartz" comes from the German word "quarz".

'Fused quartz' is glass made of silica in non-crystalline form. It does not contain other ingredients that are added to other glass to lower the melting point. Fused silica has high working and melting temperatures. For some purposes, fused quartz is better than other types of glass due to its purity. The glass is used in a number of high-tech products.

Quartz comes in many different types such as clear quartz, smoky quartz, tiger's eye, lemon quartz and many more. There are many microcrystalline types of quartz, like Jasper, Onyx, Agate and Carnelian.

Shocked quartz
--------------

photomicrograph of shocked quartz
**Shocked quartz** is a form of quartz that has a microscopic structure different from normal quartz. Under intense pressure (but limited temperature), the crystalline structure of quartz is deformed along planes inside the crystal. These planes show up as lines under a microscope.

Shocked quartz is found worldwide, especially in impact craters and in the thin Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary layer. This is at the contact between Cretaceous and Paleogene rocks. It is further evidence (in addition to iridium enrichment) that the transition between the two geologic periods was caused by a large impact. Eugene Shoemaker discovered it in building stones in the Bavarian town of Nördlingen. The stones were from shocked metamorphic rocks, such as breccia, of a meteor crater.

Related pages
-------------

* Time crystal
**Kevin Michael Cosgrove** (January 6, 1955 – September 11, 2001) was an American businessman who died in the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center. He is best known for the 9-1-1 call that he made on September 11, 2001, which ended in him crying out from inside of the South Tower of the World Trade Center as it fell. He was born in Long Island, New York.

September 11 attacks
--------------------

At the time of the September 11 attacks, Cosgrove was a Vice President of Claims for Aon Corporation, living in West Islip, New York.

Cosgrove was in the 105th floor of the South Tower when the attacks happened. He had two other people with him. One of these people, Doug Cherry, is mentioned by name in Cosgrove's 9-1-1 call. Cosgrove says, "*My wife thinks I'm all right, I called and said I was leaving the building and that I was fine, and then bang!*". Then, a 9-1-1 operator says, "*Hello?*". Cosgrove answered, "*Hello. We're looking in ... we're overlooking the Financial Center. Three of us. Two broken windows. Oh God. Oh-*" Cosgrove's words ended as the South Tower fell.

Cosgrove was found in the rubble after the attacks. He was buried on September 22, 2001 at St. Patrick Catholic Cemetery in Huntington, New York.
Order of the Crown (Rwanda), Commander
**Royal Order of the Crown of Rwanda** (**Ikamba** in the native Kinyarwandan language), the second-highest, non-religious, decoration/order for merit in the De jure Kingdom of Rwanda. It is the inheritor of ancient pagan tradition (the Gucana Uruti) envisioned by H.M. King Mutara III of Rwanda in 1950 and it was formally instituted by his successor, Kigeli V, in 1959.

This distinction granted the honoree the right to be treated as a member of the family of the reigning king. The decorated hero that had undergone Gucana Uruti was allowed to wear the crown of the Mwami (King) when the Mwami was seated and not using it.

The Order may be granted as a hereditary award or as a non-hereditary honor. Nobility is conferred upon the grantee. 

There are three ranks in the Order. The highest is the Grand Collar, followed by the Grand Cross, and the lowest rank is Commander. A recipient at the ranks of Grand Collar or Grand Cross is entitled to the style of *"Son Excellence"*. A recipient at the rank of Commander is entitled to the style of *"L’honorable"*.

The original recipient was H.M. Baudouin the King of the Belgians gifted by H.M. King Mutara III in 1950. This gift was a physical precedent for the Order, and it was also a prelude to its official introduction years later.

The order has been rarely awarded by the last sovereign ruler of Rwanda HM Kigeli V and the most notable recipients include, among others, the socialist/communist affiliation leaders like Nobel prize winner and the former president of South Africa Nelson Mandela (the rank of Grand Cross, 1999) and the first Prime Minister of the independent Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo) Patrice Lumumba (posthumously handed over to the family, the rank of Grand Cross, 1966).

As a hereditary award in the rank of Grand Cross, it was granted to the pioneer of the New Ink Art movement a freethinker artist Alfred Freddy Krupa in 2013 and reconfirmed in 2016.
Goten,is a fictional character from the dragon ball franchise. His first appearance was the start of the Tenkaichi Budokai (World Martial Arts Tournament) saga where he attended the world Martial arts tournament with his friend trunks.

Goten is not mostly involved in fights or other parts of the series like Super Dragon Ball Heroes but he's in games and in merchandise.

Appearance
----------

### In Dragon Ball Z

Goten was born seven years after the Cell games. He was trained by his mother,ChiChi in the martial arts but also allowing him to transform into a super saiyan to the disappointment in which she forbids him not to transform into it again. He then trains with his older brother Gohan, who is shocked to find he can turn into a super saiyan half the age Gohan was. Gohan teaches him and his soon to be sister in-law Videl, and he quickly learns how to fly before Videl.

He then attends the world martial arts tournament where he meets his father Goku for the first time. At the tournament, Goten easily defeats his opponent and advances to the finals where he fights his best friend Trunks. Trunks overwhelmed Goten, which forces to transform into a super saiyan and brake out trunk's clutches. Trunks challenges Goten by fighting him using one arm but Goten overwhelmed him and also forcing him to go super saiyan. Goten loses to trunks after the latter tricks him knocking him out of the ring.

He and Trunks then disguise themselves as mighty mask, to participate in the adult division. After the defeat of Videl,two warriors,Spopovitch and Yamu,ambushed Gohan and most of the fighters ran after them. Hercule decide to have a battle royale with the remaining warriors, mighty mask(Goten and Trunks) defeats his opponent and Android 18 aslo defeats hers and they end up fighting her. They hold their own using their coordinated attacks but #18 overwhelmed them,forcing them to go super saiyan blowing their cover causing instant disqualification because teams are not allowed in the tournament.
***The Black Stallion*** is a 1979 adventure movie directed by Carroll Ballard. It is based on the children's book *The Black Stallion* by Walter Farley. It is about the friendship of the boy Alec Ramsey and an Arabian horse. The movie stars Kelly Reno, Teri Garr, Hoyt Axton, Mickey Rooney, and the Arabian horse Cass Ole. Francis Ford Coppola was one of the producers, and his father, Carmine Coppola composed the music.

Plot
----

It is the summer of the year 1946. Alec Ramsey is on a ship with his father off the coast of North Africa. Alec discovers a black stallion on the ship. It is tied to ropes and upset. Alec feeds the hourse sugar. The owner rebukes him. Later Alec's father shows him the things he won from a card game. Two items are a pocket kife and a small statue of Bucephalus. Bucephalus was the horse of Alexander the Great. 

The ship catches fire and begins to sink. Alec cuts the horse loose and falls into the water. The horse rescues Alec from drowning. The two are the only ones to survive. They get lost on a desert island. The horse saves Alec from a snake. The two slowly get closer together. Eventually, the boy rides the horse. A fishing ship rescues the two. 

Alec is back home, and there is a ceremony for him. His horse stays in the backyard until it runs away. Alec looks for the horse everywhere and meets Snoe (and Napoleon). Snoe tells him where Black might be. This leads Alec to the barn of Henry Dailey. Henry found the horse and is a retired racehorse jockey. Henry and Alec become friends and decide to have the horse race. One night, Henry secretly has someone from the racing industry watch the horse run. The news spreads about how fast this new *mystery horse* is. Alec wants to race. His mother gives in after protesting. Alec joins a race against the top two jockeys in the country. He is behind in the beginning, but catches up and wins. He has memories of riding on the island.

Reception
---------

The movie had good reviews from critics. It has a 90% on Rotten Tomatoes. The movie was nominated two Academy Awards in Best Actor in a Supporting Role and Best Film Editing. At the Golden Globe Awards, Carmine Coppola was nominated for Best Original Score. The movie was ranked #64 on the American Film Institute list Cheers. The film is part of the National Film Registry, because it is considered culturally significant.

Awards and honors
-----------------

### Academy Award

* Mickey Rooney was nominated for Best Actor in Supporting Role
* Robert Dalva was nominated for Best Film Editing

Other websites
--------------

* *The Black Stallion* on IMDb
* *The Black Stallion* at AllMovie
* *The Black Stallion*  at the TCM Movie Database
* *The Black Stallion* at the American Film Institute Catalog
* *The Black Stallion* at Rotten Tomatoes
**Dovrefjell** is a mountain range which forms a natural barrier between Southern Norway and the Trøndelag region. In 1974 the Norwegian government established a national park measuring 256 square kilometers, to protect its beautiful nature and the rich plant and animal life. The size was increased in 2002 to 1693 square kilometers to cover a larger portion of the mountain range.

The highest mountain peak in the range is Snøhetta. It is 2,286 meters above sea level. There was once a gold mine on the mountain but it closed at the end of the 17th century.

The main south-north highway (European route E6) in Norway and a railway both travel over Dovrefjell. The highway is open all year, but is sometimes closed for short periods during heavy winter snowfall. The railway line is named Donvrebane and it began operating in 1921.

Eidsvoll oath - 1814
--------------------

"Enige og tro til Dovre faller" (*United and loyal until the mountains of Dovre crumble*).

The mountain Dovre was chosen since it has an important part in Norwegian history, where Dovrefjell represents the eternal, unity and democracy. 

The oath was used during a difficult period in the 1800s when Norway was trying to get a new identity after leaving a union with Denmark and when the union with Sweden came to an end in 1905.

Musk ox at Dovrefjell

Other websites
--------------

* Dovrefjell - the official travel guide to Norway


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Dovre (mountain range)***.
Fritjof Capra
**Fritjof Capra** (born February 1, 1939) is an Austrian-American physicist.

Born in Vienna, Austria, Capra earned a Ph.D. in theoretical physics from the University of Vienna in 1966. He has done research on particle physics and systems theory, and has written popular books on the implications of science with ethics, metaphysics and society. In particular in *The Tao of Physics* he says that physics and metaphysics are leading to the same knowledge. His works all share a similar subtext: that *"there are hidden connections between everything"*. Capra is both a Buddhist and a Catholic Christian. 

After touring Germany in the early 1980s, Capra wrote a book in 1984 with ecofeminist author Charlene Spretnak, called *Green Politics*.

Capra pushes for western society to abandon the mechanistic views of Descartes. Unlike Descartes' reductionistic view that everything can be studied in parts to understand the whole, he allows his readers to take an objective and fresh mind, encouraging them to see the world through 'complexity theory'.

Capra is aiming for a theory of living systems, a theoretical framework for ecology. This theory has its roots in several scientific fields from the first half of the twentieth century — organismic biology, gestalt psychology, ecology, general systems theory, and cybernetics.

Bibliography
------------

* *The Tao of Physics* (1975)
* *Green Politics* with (Charlene Spretnak)
* *The Turning Point* (1982)
* *Uncommon Wisdom* (1988)
* *Belonging to the Universe: Explorations on the Frontiers of Science and Spirituality* (1991) (coauthored with David Steindl-Rast and Thomas Matus)
* *The Web of Life* (1997)
* *The Hidden Connections: A Science for Sustainable Living* (2002)

Other websites
--------------

* His homepage
* The Turning Point
* Home on the web for the Center for Ecoliteracy
* Skeptical Inquirer on Quantum Quackery Archived 2008-09-16 at the Wayback Machine
Xenu, portrayed as a conventional alien.
Scientology teaches that **Xenu** (pronounced pronounced /ˈziːnuː/ (ZEE-noo)) was the dictator of a galactic confederacy of 76 planets, who was captured and imprisoned on Earth 75 million years ago after bringing billions of his people to Earth, placing them around volcanoes and killing them by using hydrogen bombs. Scientologists believe he is still being kept there these days. Xenu is very important to the beliefs of Scientology because the story of Xenu explains the believed origin of what are known as body thetans from humans. Body thetans are believed to be the essence of Xenu's people that gather around humans and cause them spiritual harm. It is the purpose of auditing within Scientology to remove these thetans from the Scientologist.

The existence of Xenu has been reported by L. Ron Hubbard's writings and by Scientology spokesman Tommy Davis in an interview ABC affiliate KESQ-TV.

Related pages
-------------

* Scientology

Other websites
--------------

* More information about Xenu
* "Who is Xenu?"
**Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio** (28 September 1571 – 18 July 1610) was an Italian artist. He worked in Rome, Naples, Malta and Sicily between 1593 and 1610. He was a painter who did a type of art called Baroque style. He was the first person to be really good at painting this way.

Even while he was alive, many people talked about Caravaggio. Some people liked to see what he did, and how he lived, and thought he was a good person. Other people thought he was very strange. Some people thought he was bad. He did not want to fit in, sometimes. He started being a famous painter in Rome in 1600. Many people gave him money to paint pictures for them, but he used all his money and sometimes got into trouble. In 1604 someone wrote a note about him, and said that he was rude and a bad person. This note tells us how he lived, in 1601:

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| "| after a fortnight's work he will swagger about for a month or two with a sword at his side and a servant following him, from one ball-court to the next, ever ready to engage in a fight or an argument, so that it is most awkward to get along with him | "|

In 1606 he killed a young man in a fight and ran away from Rome. He ran away because Rome said it would give money to people to catch him. In Malta in 1608 he got into a fight again. He got into another fight in Naples in 1609, but this fight could have been enemies (people who hated him) trying to kill him. In 1610, after making paintings for more than ten years, he died.

Huge new churches and palazzi were being built in Rome. These big churches needed paintings to hang on the walls. The Counter-Reformation Catholic Church wanted to find painters who would paint beautiful art about God. They wanted people to like the art so much that they would think Protestantism was ugly and boring, and wouldn't want to start being part of a Protestant church. So the Catholic Church needed a new type of art, because Mannerism had been the most famous type of art for 100 years, and now it was boring. Caravaggio's paintings were new, and different from Mannerism. He painted in a way called naturalism, which means that he painted things how they actually looked. He painted pictures of people so that the people looked real, and he made his pictures look exciting by painting a lot of very dark shadows and very bright lights (which is called chiaroscuro). 

While he was alive he was very famous, and many artists wanted to paint like he did. But after he died, most people forgot about him, and didn't care about his paintings. Hundreds of years later, in the 1900s, people looked at his art again, and saw that he had been very important. They saw that many other famous artists had tried to paint like he did. Because so many artists had seen his paintings, and liked how he painted, and tried to paint like he did, he made many artists paint in the Baroque style, too. The Baroque style was very famous for hundreds of years. 

Andre Berne-Joffroy, Paul Valéry’s secretary, said that: "What begins in the work of Caravaggio is, quite simply, modern painting."

Related pages
-------------

* List of Italian painters
**Labour laws** (also known as **labor laws** or **employment laws**) govern the relationship between workers, employers, trade unions, and the government. 

Individual labour law gives employees' rights at work. Employment standards are social norms (sometimes also technical standards) for the minimum conditions under which people are allowed to work. Government agencies enforce labour law. Trade unions also play an important role in labour law, as they represent workers and negotiate with employers on their behalf.

There were laws in Assyria about work. The Code of Hammurabi set the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon.

Labour laws developed more as factories were built in the Industrial Revolution. Laws were passed in the United Kingdom in the nineteenth century to stop young children from working in factories. The Earl of Shaftesbury led the campaign for the Factories Act 1833, which limited the employment of children under eighteen years of age, stopped all night work, and provided for inspectors to enforce the law. Later there were more laws about working conditions for all workers. Similar laws were brought into other industrial countries. 

The basic feature of labour law in almost every country is that the rights and obligations of the worker and the employer are set by a contract of employment between the two. In most countries, employers must give their workers a written contract. There may be a minimum wage. There may be rules about how many hours a day people can work, about their rights to holidays and to sick pay. There are often rules about safety at work. There may be laws about treating people fairly and not discriminating.
The **Australia–New Zealand soccer rivalry** is a soccer rivalry between the Australia men's national soccer team (the Socceroos) and the New Zealand men's national football team (the All Whites), as well as between the Australia women's national soccer team (the Matildas) and the New Zealand women's national football team (the Football Ferns). It is one of many sports rivalries between Australia and New Zealand, which are rivalries because the two countries are close to each other and are culturally very similar.

The first match New Zealand played was against a team representing the state of New South Wales, with New Zealand losing 1–0 before playing them again and drawing 3–3. The first official international match for both teams was played in 1922. New Zealand won the match 3–1. This led to the creation of the Soccer Ashes.

Australia is by far the more successful team in both men's and women's soccer matches.

Overall summary
---------------

*As of 17 September 2023*

| Men's Team | GP | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Australia Australia** | 67 | 43 | 11 | 13 | 160 | 70 | +90 |
| **New Zealand New Zealand** | 67 | 13 | 11 | 43 | 70 | 160 | –90 |

*As of 12 April 2022*

| Women's Team | GP | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Australia Australia** | 53 | 35 | 8 | 10 | 95 | 43 | +52 |
| **New Zealand New Zealand** | 53 | 10 | 8 | 35 | 43 | 95 | –52 |

Related pages
-------------

* Australia–New Zealand relations
	+ Australia–New Zealand sporting relations
	+ Australia–New Zealand sporting rivalries

1. ↑
An American school bus.
A **school bus** is a type of bus that takes students to their school. They may pick kids up in front of their house or at a dedicated bus stop. In many areas passing a stopped school bus is punishable by a traffic ticket

Characteristics
---------------

1996 Blue Bird school bus
Example of school buses in front of a school in 1915
A school bus from Melbourne, Victoria
In the United States, school buses are yellow while in other countries they may be different. The 3 lines or rub rails on the outside of a school bus in the United States have a purpose for safety in the event of an accident. The bottom line shows where the bus floor is. The middle line shows the bottom of the seat. The top line shows where the top of the seat is as well as the bottom of the window. School buses are also equipped with more than one emergency exit. These could be on the side of the bus, the top, or the back. Each of these is for if the bus rolls one of these sides during an accident. When opened they also will make a loud alarm sound.

Type A
------

A Type "A" school bus is a conversion or body constructed upon a van-type or cutaway front-section vehicle with a left side driver’s door, designed for carrying more than 10 persons. Sixteen designed seating capacity or less may be single rear wheeled; 17 designed seating capacity and larger shall have dual rear wheels. This definition shall include two classifications: Type A-1, with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) less than 14,500 pounds; and Type A-2 with a GVWR greater than 14,500 pounds and less than 21,500 pounds.

Type B
------

A Type "B" school bus is constructed utilizing a body on a stripped chassis, with the entrance door behind the front wheels. This definition includes two classifications: Type B-1, with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less, designed for carrying more than 10 persons and Type B-2, with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds. The engine is beneath and/or behind the windshield and beside the driver’s seat. Both Type B-1 and Type B-2 must be equipped with dual rear tires.

Type C
------

A Type "C" school bus is constructed utilizing a chassis with a hood and front fender assembly. The entrance door is behind the front wheels. A "type C school bus" also includes a cutaway truck chassis or truck chassis with cab, with or without a left side door, and with a GVWR greater than 21,500 pounds.

Type D
------

A Type "D" or "Transit Style" school bus is a body installed upon a stripped chassis, with the engine mounted in the front or rear, and has a GVWR of more than 21,500 pounds, designed for carrying more than 10 persons. The engine may be beside the driver’s seat or it may be at the rear of the bus, behind the rear wheels. The entrance door is ahead of the front wheels.
The hierarchy of scientific classificationThe hierarchy of scientific classification
In biological taxonomy, a **domain** (also **superregnum**, **superkingdom**, or **empire**) is a taxon in the highest rank of organisms, higher than a kingdom.

Domain (or its synonyms) is the most inclusive of these biological groupings. The arrangement of taxa reflects the fundamental evolutionary differences in the genomes. There are several modern alternative domain classifications of life. Among them are:

* The 'two-empire' system, with top-level groupings of Prokaryota (or Monera) and Eukaryota empires.
* The six-kingdom system with top-level groupings of Protista, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
* The **three-domain system** of Carl Woese, introduced in 1990, with top-level groupings of Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota domains.

After defining Archaea as a new domain, Woese redrew the taxonomic tree. His three-domain system is based upon genetic relationships. It divides life into 23 main divisions in three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Archaea are neither bacteria nor eukaryotes. Looked at another way, they are prokaryotes that are not bacteria.

The three domains

Related pages
-------------

* Phylogenetics
* Taxonomy
**Sheldon Allan "Shel" Silverstein** (September 25, 1930 – May 10, 1999) was an American writer, poet, singer-songwriter, musician, composer, cartoonist, screenwriter, and a children's author who is mostly known for his children's book *The Giving Tree*. He has won two Grammy Awards.

Although he's most known for his children's poetry, he also was good at many other things. In the 1950s, while he was serving in the U.S. armed forces, Silverstein drew cartoons for the Pacific Stars and Stripes, an American military newspaper. He started writing and drawing cartoons for Playboy magazine in 1952.

Shel Silverstein also wrote plays. It was Ursula Nordstrom, a book editor, who suggested that he should write for children.

Career
------

Silverstein's first book of poetry, *Don’t Bump the Glump! and Other Fantasies*, was published in 1964. He's most well known for his books *A Light in the Attic*, *The Giving Tree*, and *Where the Sidewalk Ends*. He has been compared to other writers, like A. A. Milne, Edward Lear, and Dr. Seuss. Shel Silverstein won multiple awards for his children's poetry books. *Where the Sidewalk Ends* won the Michigan Young Readers' Award in 1981, and Silverstein also won the George C. Stone Center for Children's Books Award twice in 1984. Two books of poetry were published after Shel Silverstein's death, *Runny Babbit* and *Every Thing on It*.

Songs
-----

Silverstein also had success writing songs. Some of his poetry was based on songs he had written.

"A Boy Named Sue" is a song written by Silverstein that was first made popular by Johnny Cash in 1969. That same year Silverstein also recorded it as a single on an album on RCA Records. It was produced by Chet Atkins.

Personal life
-------------

He was born in Chicago, Illinois and raised in both Chicago and in Florida. He died in Key West, Florida on May 10, 1999 after having a heart attack. He was 68 years old.

Related pages
-------------

* List of poets from North America

Other websites
--------------

* Shel Silverstein on IMDb
* Famous Poets and Poems
* Music inspired by Shel Silverstein Archived February 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
* Shel Silverstein Discography
The incisors are the four middle teeth at the top, and the four middle teeth at the bottom.
**Incisors** are special kinds of teeth that can be found in some mammals, such as humans. They are the eight large flat teeth with straight edges that are at the front of a person's mouth, in between the canine teeth, which are pointed. The straight edges of the *incisors* are useful for biting because they cut sharply. They come together like a pair of pincers. In a human, the two teeth at the middle of each jaw are called the "central incisors", and the side ones are the "lateral incisors". (lateral means "to the side"). Some humans never grow "lateral incisors" or have very small ones, particularly at the top.

In many mammalian herbivores (plant-eaters) these front teeth are used to cut off stems of grass and other growing things, that are then ground up by the molars at the back of the mouth. Some omnivores (animals that eat both plants and meat), like humans, have incisors like herbivores. In carnivores (meat-eating mammals) like cats, the incisors are often quite small. The canine teeth are long and suitable for grasping and stabbing. Carnivores use their incisors for many jobs that need find control, such as catching fleas, carrying a kitten or peeling the skin off a fish. If a dog or a member of the cat family needs to cut something with their teeth, they use their back teeth like scissors.

Gallery
-------

* Cats have long canine teeth and small incisors.Cats have long canine teeth and small incisors.
* The incisors of rats, mice and other rodents never stop growing.The incisors of rats, mice and other rodents never stop growing.
* Herbivores like horses have teeth that can cut grass.Herbivores like horses have teeth that can cut grass.
* Dogs use their incisors for many things.Dogs use their incisors for many things.

Related pages
-------------

* Dentition
Mariano José de Larra
**Mariano José de Larra** (24 March 1809 - 13 February 1837) was a Spanish romanticist writer noted for satire and perhaps the best prose writer of 19th-century Spain.

He was born in Madrid; his father was a doctor in the French army, and, as an *afrancesado*, was forced to leave the Peninsula with his family in 1812. In 1817 Larra went back to Spain, knowing less Spanish than French. His nature was disorderly, his education was imperfect, and, after trying obtain a degree in medicine or law, he made an imprudent marriage at the age of twenty, broke with his relatives and became a journalist.

On the 27th of April 1831 he produced his first play, *No más mostrador*, based on two pieces by Scribe and Dieulafoy. Though not very original, it is brilliantly written, and held the stage for many years. On the 24th of September 1834 he produced *Macías*, a play based on his own historical novel, *El doncel de don Enrique el Doliente* (1834).

The drama and novel are interesting as experiments, but Larra was really a journalist, and the increased liberty of the press after the death of Ferdinand VII gave him opportunities. He was already famous under the pseudonyms of *Juan Pérez de Munguía* and *Fígaro* which he used in *El Pobrecito Hablador* and *La Revista Española* respectively. People in Madrid laughed at his grim humour; ministers feared his vitriolic pen and courted him; he defended Liberalism against the Carlist rebellion; he was elected as deputy for Ávila, and a great career seemed to lie before him. But the era of military pronunciamientos ruined his personal prospects and patriotic plans. His writing took on a more sombre tinge; domestic troubles increased his pessimism, and after a disastrous love-affair, he committed suicide by shooting himself in February 1837.

Larra lived long enough to prove himself the greatest prose-writer that Spain had during the 19th century. He wrote at great speed with the constant fear of the censor before his eyes, but no sign of haste is seen in his work, and the dexterity with which he aims his venomous shafts is amazing. His political instinct, his abundance of ideas and his forcible, mordant style would have given him a foremost position at any time and in any country; in Spain in his own period, they placed him beyond all rivalry.

Influence
---------

* Some of his phrases like *Vuelva usted mañana* (come back tomorrow) or *Escribir en España es llorar* (To write in Spain is to cry) are still applied to chastise present-day ills.
* The Spanish-language clone of the Slashdot Internet forum, Barrapunto, uses *Pobrecito Hablador* ("Poor little talker") as the name for anonymous commenters.
* The *Premio Mariano José de Larra* rewards young outstanding journalists in Spain.

Other websites
--------------

* Mariano José de Larra in the *Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes*.
* Proyecto Mariano José de Larra en Internet Archived 2009-03-18 at the Wayback Machine
* Mariano José de Larra: text, concordances and frequency list
Two cleaners cleaning at the US Capitol building, 1914
A **cleaner** (or **janitor**) is someone who takes away garbage and cleans surfaces. Cleaners sometimes repair things, and maintain their equipment in good working order, as well as dusting, washing, waxing and polishing.

Heavy duty cleaners often move furniture, large containers of recycled materials and waste, and other objects, and operate large buffers and other weighty equipment. "Light" duty cleaners clean chalk boards, windows, shelves, desks, light fixtures, and ledges. Some duties, like using a vacuum cleaner, can be done by either "light" or "heavy" duty cleaners. Cleaners can clean offices, staircases, kitchens, bathrooms, hallways, sidewalks, elevators, escalators, and other areas. Cleaners can specialize in washing windows, or in cleaning carpets, hospitals, food processing plants, or construction sites. Cleaners who discover seriously damaged surfaces and equipment on their sites can notify specialists, like plumbers and carpenters, about the need for professional repairs.

Cleaners are also alert for security problems, like vandalism, signs of theft (forced windows or doors, missing computers or stock), blocked fire escape routes, lights or fire alarms not working, or trespassers. When these occur, the cleaners promptly notify their sites' Security Officers and Site Supervisors. Janitors know how to keep themselves and their sites safe, by immediately removing hazards like broken class, spilled fluids, and waste from kitchens and bathrooms, and by checking hand rails, floor mats, stairs, automated doors, escalators, elevators, intercoms, and plumbing.
At around 2:35 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on January 6, 1994, American figure skater Nancy Kerrigan was hit on the lower right thigh with a baton at the Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan. She had just finished practising on an ice rink in the arena. Shane Stant did the attack with his uncle Derrick Smith. Smith was the getaway driver. They were both paid by Jeff Gillooly and Shawn Eckardt to injure Kerrigan so that she could not take part in the 1994 U.S. Figure Skating championships and 1994 Winter Olympics. Jeff Gillooly was the ex-husband of Nancy Kerrigan's rival in figure skating at the time, Tonya Harding. Some people think Harding was also involved in the attack. Gillooly and Eckdardt both said that Tonya Harding knew about the attack, but Harding said that she didn't know about it.

Kerrigan could not take part in the rest of the U.S. Championships because of the attack. She healed in time to take part in the Winter Olympics and got a silver medal. Harding took part in both the U.S. Championships and the Winter Olympics. Tonya Harding was banned for life from USFSA figure skating events. Harding had won the U.S. Championships, but had this taken away from her afterwards.

Background
----------

Nancy Kerrigan was an American figure skater. In January 1994, she was about to take part in the U.S. Figure Skating Championships in Detroit. Her main rival in that tournament was Tonya Harding. The attack happened a few days before the tournament. It caused to Kerrigan to not be able to take part. The Winter Olympics were also going to take place in February. Kerrigan and Harding were the two female figure skaters from the United States in the Olympics. The attack helped Harding as it made it easier for her to win the U.S. Championships. It also could have helped her if it had stopped Kerrigan from taking part in the Olympics.
The **2017 Bulgarian parliamentary elections** were held in Bulgaria on 26 March 2017. They were originally scheduled for 2018, but the previous political parties could not form a government. So early elections were called.

Before the elections, Boyko Borisov resigned from his prime minister position after the Bulgarian presidential election, 2016. 

In order for a political party to win seats, they must receive at least 4% of the popular vote.

The pro-European Union party, GERB, won the most seats. The Bulgarian Socialist Party gained the most seats, while the Reformist Bloc lost all of their 23 seats.

Opinion polls
-------------

Below is the weekly average of opinion polls in 2017 towards the election. The dots at the end of the graph show the final results.

Results
-------

| Parliamentary election |
| --- |
| Choice | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| GERB | 1,147,283 | 32.65% | 95 | Increase 11 |
| Bulgarian Socialist Party | 955,490 | 27.20% | 80 | Increase 41 |
| United Patriots | 318,513 | 9.07% | 27 | Decrease 3 |
| Movement for Rights and Freedoms | 315,976 | 8.99% | 26 | Decrease 12 |
| Volya | 145,637 | 4.15% | 12 | Increase 12 |
|  |
| others | 542,705 | 15.45% | 0 | – |
| None of the above | 87,854 | 2.50% | 0 | – |
| Total votes | 3,513,458 | 100% | 240 | – |

Aftermath
---------

After the results, Boyko Borisov is expected to become prime minister again.
**First-class cricket** is the notinternational/domestic matches in cricket.

Definition
----------

A first-class match is one of three or more days' scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players each. It is officially adjudged to be worthy of the status by virtue of the standard of the competing teams. Matches must allow for the teams to play two innings each, although in practice a team might play only one innings or none at all.

First-class cricket, along with historical single-wicket and modern limited-overs forms, is one of the highest-standard forms of cricket. The etymology of "first-class cricket" is unknown, but it was used loosely before it acquired official status in 1895, following a meeting of leading English clubs. At a meeting of the Imperial Cricket Conference (ICC) in 1947, it was formally defined on a global basis. A significant omission of the ICC ruling was any attempt to define first-class cricket retrospectively. That has left historians, and especially statisticians, with the problem of how to categorise earlier matches, especially those played in Great Britain before 1895. The solution put forward by the Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians (ACS) is to classify all pre-1895 matches of a high standard as **important matches**.

Test cricket
------------

Test cricket is the highest standard of cricket. It is a form of first-class cricket. Although the term "first-class" is mainly used to refer to domestic competitions. A player's first-class statistics include any performances in Test matches.

Bibliography
------------

* ACS (1981). *A Guide to Important Cricket Matches Played in the British Isles 1709 – 1863*. Nottingham: ACS.
* ACS (1982). *A Guide to First-Class Cricket Matches Played in the British Isles*. Nottingham: ACS.
* Birley, Derek (1999). *A Social History of English Cricket*. Aurum. ISBN 9781854106223.
* McCann, Tim (2004). *Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century*. Sussex Record Society.
* Webber, Roy (1951). *The Playfair Book of Cricket Records*. Playfair Books Ltd.
* *Wisden Cricketers' Almanack*, 27th edition, editor Charles F. Pardon, John Wisden & Co. 1890
* *Wisden Cricketers' Almanack*, 32nd edition, editor Sydney Pardon, John Wisden & Co. 1895
* *Wisden Cricketers' Almanack*, 85th edition, editor Hubert Preston, Sporting Handbooks Ltd, 1948
**Heiko Laessig** (born 18 June 1968) was a German former professional footballer. He played as a defender.

Career
------

Laessig started his career in 1977 in the youth team of 1. FC Magdeburg. In the 1988/89 season he was for the first time in the GDR Oberliga team. He played his first match on 5 September 1987 versus Hallescher FC Chemie. By the end of the GDR Oberliga in 1991he had played 59 first division matches for Magdeburg and scored 17 goals. After Magdeburg could not qualify for professional football in 1991 he moved to Bayer Uerdingen in the 2nd Bundesliga.1992 the club was promoted and Laessig played in the Bundesliga. He played 145 league matches for Bayer and scored 32 goals. 1996 he went to Austria and played for SV Austria Salzburg. He started as a striker but developed into an excellent defender towards the end of his playing career. For Salzburg he played 268 matches and scored 43 goals. His greatest success was winning the Austrian championship in 1997. His career as a professional soccer player ended in spring 2005. Since that time he worked as scout for FC Red Bull Salzburg.
For other uses, see Salt (disambiguation).Salt crystal
In chemistry, a **salt** is any neutral chemical compound made of cations (positive ions) attached to anions (negative ions). The main kind of salt is sodium chloride with the chemical formula NaCl. It is formed when hydrochloric acid is added to sodium hydroxide. The reaction is as follows
HCl+NaOH2 gives NaCl+H20+heat

Mixtures of salts in water are called electrolytes. Electricity is able to pass through electrolytes, as well as molten salts.

Salts can melt ice, because salts lower the temperature needed for liquid to freeze. Because of that, streets are sometimes treated with salt in winter, if the temperature is only a little below freezing.

A salt can also be explained as an ionic compound which dissociates, forming a positive ion other than hydrogen ion, and a negative ion other than hydroxyl ion.

History
-------

Because many germs cannot live in salt, it has been used to preserve food. Its use as a food preservative helped large amounts of food to be stored, sent a long way, and eaten all through the year. This helped populations to grow, cities to develop, and soldiers in wars to be fed. Salt was probably used in Egypt as long ago as 4000 BC. In ancient times, salt was more valuable than it is now, because it was hard to get in many places, and could be used not only to give foods flavor, but also to make them last longer. It allowed food to be kept past its season, and taken on long trips.

People often traded salt for other things. It was of high value in China, Turkey, the Middle East, and Africa. In the Mediterranean area, including Ancient Rome, salt was even used for money. The word *salary* comes from the Latin word for salt, because they paid people in salt. After people learned how to get salt from the ocean, salt became cheaper. The Phoenicians were some of the first to figure out how to do this, by pouring seawater on dry land. Then when it dried, they collected the salt and sold it.

Another use of salt was in war, as a way to punish a city by ruining its crops. This is called "salting the Earth". The Assyrians are said to have been one of the first to have done this to their neighbours.

Looks
-----

### Color

Salts can be found in all different colours: yellow (sodium chromate), orange (potassium dichromate), red (mercury sulphide), mauve (cobalt chloride hexahydrate), blue (copper sulfate pentahydrate, ferric hexacyanoferrate), green (nickel oxide), colorless (magnesium sulphate), white (titanium dioxide), and black (manganese dioxide). Most minerals and inorganic pigments, as well as many synthetic organic dyes, are salts.

*See also Table salt*
Phumulani is a nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing domestic violence and sexual abuse in communities of color throughout Minnesota and globally.

History
-------

Phumulani was founded by Comfort Dondo, a survivor of childhood sexual abuse and domestic violence.[*source?*] Born and raised in Zimbabwe and now residing in Minnesota, Comfort’s struggle with domestic violence was compounded by the inability of women’s shelters in America to provide the language, cultural and societal resources she and her children needed to feel safe and supported.[*source?*] Often, she found herself back in her abuser’s home with no alternative. [*source?*]

Now free from the dangerous situation, Comfort wants to make sure women and children of African descent have the cultural resources they need to feel comfortable in sharing their stories and recovering from their experiences. She understands firsthand that individuals who have fled African countries to save their lives often have lasting trauma that needs to be acknowledged and treated holistically to ensure long-term progress.

Meaning of the name Phumulani
-----------------------------

*Comfort created Phumulani, named for a Zulu word meaning "refuge," as a way of helping African immigrants and refugees in Minnesota. It is truly a place where survivors of gender-based abuse and violence can find peace and recovery.*[*source?*]

Mission of Phumulani
--------------------

To stop violence and abuse of women and children.[*source?*] Phumulani is a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing domestic violence and sexual abuse in communities of color throughout Minnesota and the nation.[*source?*] By providing culturally-specific resources to women and girls of African descent, we hope to change the cycle of gender-based abuse in the vulnerable populations.