recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
A **walrus** (***Odobenus rosmarus***) is a marine mammal, the only species of the family **Odobenidae**, which is one of the three pinniped families. They live in the cold northern seas of the Arctic Ocean around North America and Europe.

Description
-----------

Walruses have lots of things similar to true seals and eared seals. Like true seals, they just have a hole for an ear - not ear flaps. Like eared seals, they can rotate their back flippers forward to walk on land. Like both true seals and eared seals, they are very good swimmers and divers. However, walruses do have some features that neither true seals nor eared seals have.

The most famous thing about walruses are their *tusks*. Even though they are called tusks, they are actually teeth growing out of their mouth, a bit like the narwhal. The tusks grow for about 15 years before they reach their full length, which is about 102 cm (40 in) for males and 76 cm (30 in) for females.

Both the male and female walrus grow tusks. They can use them to protect themselves from polar bears and killer whales and use them when they eat. When they eat bigger preys such as seals and small whales, they first tear them apart with their tusks to make them easier to eat. Another important use of a walrus's tusks is to pull itself out onto the ice. Pushing its tusks into the ice, the walrus gets extra help hauling its huge body out of the sea. This is probably how walruses got their family name *Odobenidae*, which comes from Greek words meaning "one that walks with teeth". They do not walk with their teeth, but it can look as if they do when they pull themselves out of the water. Their tusks can also be used to cut holes in the ice. Tusks are slightly longer and thicker among males, who use them for fighting, dominance and display; the strongest males with the largest tusks typically dominate social groups. Tusks are also used to form and maintain holes in the ice and aid the walrus in climbing out of water onto ice.

Walruses are very big, even compared to big male sea lions. When they are all grown up, they can weigh more than 1,400 kg (3,086 lb). The walruses that live in the Atlantic Ocean are a little smaller than the ones in the Pacific Ocean. Both kinds like to stay in the cold north. With all their blubber, which can be as much as 6 in (15 cm) thick, they are very comfortable in icy water.

Features
--------

Walruses are usually brown, but walruses can change colour depending on how warm they are. They are usually different kinds of brown, but as they get warmer, their skin can turn pink. This is because as they get warmer, blood rushes to the skin to try to cool it.

The walrus has an air sac under its throat which acts like a flotation bubble and allows it to bob vertically in the water while sleeping. 

The males have a large penis bone, up to 63 cm (25 in) in length, the largest of any land mammal, both in absolute size and relative to body size.
The **Chauchat** ("Show-sha", French pronunciation: [ʃoʃa]) is a gun. It was the standard light machine gun or "machine rifle" of the French Army during World War I (1914–18). Its official designation was "**Fusil Mitrailleur Modele 1915 CSRG**" ("Machine Rifle Model 1915 CSRG"). Beginning in June 1916, it was placed into regular service with French infantry, where the troops called it the **FM Chauchat**, after Colonel Louis Chauchat, the main contributor to its design. The Chauchat in 8 mm Lebel was also extensively used in 1917–18 by the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.), where it was officially designated as the "**Automatic Rifle, Model 1915 (Chauchat)**". A total of 262,000 Chauchats were manufactured between December 1915 and November 1918, including 244,000 chambered for the 8mm Lebel service cartridge, making it the most widely manufactured automatic weapon of World War I. The armies of eight other nations—Belgium, Finland, Greece, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Serbia—also used the Chauchat machine rifle in fairly large numbers during and after World War I.
For the computer pointing device, see Computer mouse.

A **mouse** (plural *mice*) is a small rodent, which is a kind of mammal. 
It has a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail and a high breeding rate. Most belong to the mus genus. The best known mouse species is the common house mouse (*Mus musculus*). Usually, house mice are brownish-gray. It is also a popular pet. In some places, certain kinds of field mice are also common. They are known to invade homes for food and occasionally shelter.

These small animals are often used in science experiments, or sometimes kept as pets. Some mice carry diseases. In some places they damage crops. This causes some people to think of mice as vermin or pests. Many other people think mice are cute and fun animals. 

Mice are rodents, therefore they are related to squirrels, rats, and beavers. Mice eat weeds, seeds, berries, and more. They are eaten by owls, foxes, snakes, weasels, and cats, amongst others.

Types of mice
-------------

The word "mouse" should only be used for small murines, but does get used for other distantly-related small rodents. The murines are the largest subfamily of mammals. In fact, it is larger than almost all mammal orders.

### House mouse

See the main article: House mouse
The common house mouse is thought of as a pest. They are found in the homes of humans.

### Vole

See the main article: Vole
Voles are *not* mice, they are in a different family of rodents. 

### Deer mouse

These are not mice either, or only distantly related. These mice live in forests. They can run and jump better than mice, and they get their common name from this.

The aggressive *grasshopper mouse* rarely eats other mice, but it does like grasshoppers and insects. It is also only a distant relative.

Mice in media
-------------

Anthropomorphism makes cartoon mice look and act more like people than like real mice. For example, the Disney characters Mickey and Minnie Mouse walk, talk, and act like people. Jerry, the mouse star of Tom and Jerry cartoons, is similarly humanized.

Mice used in research (or *laboratory mouse*)
---------------------------------------------

Laboratory mice get used for experiments.

In 2024, media wrote about research where skin cell can maybe be turned into an egg (that has not been [[fertilization|fertilized). That kind of egg is called a zygote.
Conception of what Gliese 581 c might look like.
**Gliese 581 c** is a exoplanet that orbits the red dwarf star Gliese 581. It is located about 20 light years away in the Libra. It is about six times as massive as Earth, and circles its star about 11 million kilometers from it (the Earth is 150 million kilometers away from the sun). It takes it 13 days to circle the star once. When it was discovered in 2007, it was thought to be Earth-like and habitable.

Habitability
------------

Gliese 581 c was thought to be habitable when it was discovered, and it was thought to be in the habitable zone. However, later studies by the von Bloh team said that Gliese 581 c circled too close to the star to be in the habitable zone. Gliese 581 c may also suffer a severe greenhouse effect, making it as hot as Venus. If that is true, it is uninhabitable. Also, red dwarfs like Gliese 581 are not very friendly to life as we know it, since they are very stellar active (meaning they emit strong solar flares and such).

### Tidal locking

Gliese 581 c may be tidally locked to its star. Just as one side of the Moon always faces Earth, the length of Gliese 581 c's day would then match the length of its year. Tidal locking also means the planet would have no axial tilt and that means the planet would not experience any seasons. Even with a permanent day one one side, and a permanent night on one side, a sliver of land between the two zones may be habitable.
**HighBeam Research** was a business that had a search engine and fulltext online archive. It was provided by Cengage Learning (through its Gale subsidiary) for newspapers, magazines, academic journals, newswires, trade magazines and encyclopedias in English. It was headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

HighBeam had access to over 6,556 publications. However, only fulltext access is provided. No complete issues of papers are included.

The site had archives from newspapers, newswires, and arts magazines such as: 

* Associated Press,
* The Boston Globe,
* The Christian Science Monitor,
* The Economist,
* The Independent,
* The International Herald Tribune,
* The Jerusalem Post,
* The Nation,
* The Spectator,
* Newsweek
* The Washington Post.

Among the legal journals covered by HighBeam Research were: 

* Harvard Law Review
* Yale Law Journal
* Duke Law Journal

HighBeam had access to trade magazines including:

* Advertising Age,
* Crain's Chicago Business
* Beef Today
* AutoWeek
* Doors and Hardware

Among the academic journals in HighBeam were: 

* The Journal of Cancer Research and Therapies,
* The Journal of Autoimmune Diseases,
* The Journal of Education research, and
* The Journal of Social Psychology.

Reference books include titles from Oxford University Press, including dictionaries, usage guides, and almanacs.
A close-up view of palm nut soup
**Palm nut soup** or **banga** is a soup made from palm fruit common in Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo and Ivory Coast. It is made from a palm cream or palm nut base with stewed marinated meats and smoked dried fish. It is often eaten with starch, fufu, omotuo, banku, fonio, or rice.

### Cameroon

*Mbanga* soup is a palm fruit soup in Cameroon and West Africa. It is often served with kwacoco. The soup is Cameroon's version of the West African banga. In Cameroon mbanga is made using fresh palm nuts. Outside the area canned nuts can be used.

### Nigeria

Eba (garri from cassava) served with fresh fish banga (palm kernel) soup in a clay pot
Palm oil rice (banga rice) served with assorted cuts of beef and boiled egg
Banga is a type of palm fruit soup from the Niger Delta particularly among the itsekiri ethnic group.

In Nigeria it is used to accompany other dishes such as Starch (*Usi*) for the itsekiri people of Delta State. The Igbo people have the stew and soup varieties made from palm fruits. Ofe akwu is the stew variety usually taken with rice while the palm fruit extract is used especially in Anambra region for Oha and Onugbu soup accompanied with pounded cassava. The palm fruit is important to the Igbo people. The palm fruit is often harvested from locally grown palm fruit trees, after which it is thoroughly washed, boiled and mashed for the extraction of its oil, the main ingredient in the preparation of the Banga soup.

Banga soup is flavored with beletete, aidan fruit, rohojie, Banga spice leaves called Obenetietien (scent or bitter leaves can be substituted), a stick of oburunbebe, finely chopped onion, ground crayfish, chili pepper or scotch bonnet, and salt. The soup is eaten with starch made with Cassava Starch and palm-oil or rice in the south or south eastern parts of Nigeria. Banga Soup is mostly prepared using fresh catfish dried/smoked fish or meat. It can also have the addition of Okra.

Obe Ẹyẹn, also known as banga soup, is a soup eaten by the itsekiri people of Southern Nigeria. It is made by extracting the liquid of palm kernels. Other ingredients like crayfish, meat, fish, pepper and cow tripe are added. It is eaten with eba or usi (starch). (*Elaeis guineensis*) extract.

Gallery
-------

* Palm nut soup with fishPalm nut soup with fish
* Palm nut soupPalm nut soup
* Akan Ghanaian palm nut soupAkan Ghanaian palm nut soup
* Palm nut soup close upPalm nut soup close up
* Palm nut soupPalm nut soup
* Fufu with palm nut soup, snail and tilapiaFufu with palm nut soup, snail and tilapia

Other websites
--------------

* Palm nut soup recipe
* Palm Nut Soup Archived 2016-03-17 at the Wayback Machine
* 

Video: How to make Palmnut Soup (GH)]]
The **Australian Plant Name Index** (**APNI**) is an online database of all the names of Australian vascular plants. It covers all names. It includes bibliographic and typification details, links to other resources, and data from the Census of Australian Vascular Plants divided by state. Users can also make notes and comments on other details.

Overview
--------

The APNI is recognised by Australian herbaria as the official source for Australian plant descriptions. It is the core component of Australia's Virtual Herbarium, which is a collaborative project with A$10-million funding. The project is aimed at providing integrated online access to the data and specimen collections of Australia's major herbaria.

Two search interfaces are offered:

* Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), a full search interface that delivers full results, with no automatic interpretation, and
* What's Its Name (WIN), a less powerful search interface that delivers concise results, together with automatic (and not always correct) interpretation.

Originally the idea of Nancy Tyson Burbidge, it began as a four-volume printed work of 3,055 pages. It contains over 60,000 plant names. It was compiled by Arthur Chapman, and was part of the Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS). In 1991 it was made available as an online database, and handed over to the Australian National Botanic Gardens. Two years later, responsibility for its maintenance has given to the newly formed Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research.

Other websites
--------------

* Official Australian Plant Name Index website — *full detail search.*
* What's Its Name (WIN) — *full detail search.*
**Sivan Rotem** is an Israeli opera singer, voice development teacher and a painter.

Biography
---------

Sivan Rotem was born in Buenos Aires. After moving to Israel, she lived in Kibbutz Afikim and then in Hofit. Her daughter, Noga Rotem, composes music for movies.

Rotem began her musical career as a violinist, but later trained as a classical singer under the guidance of Mira Zakai at the Academy of Music at Tel Aviv University.

Rotem had many performances as an opera singer. She appeared at the Seattle Opera as Violetta in La Traviata and as Susanna in The Marriage of Figaro. At the San Jose Opera, she appeared as Mozetta in La bohème and as Rosalinda in Die Fledermaus.  In Israel, Rotem appeared in the The Israeli Opera Tel Aviv-Yafo in the operas La Bohème (1987), Urfao and Eurydice (1992), Così fan tutte (1999), Don Pasquale (1993), Werther (1996, 1999) and Elektra (2000).  Other operas in which she participated were The Magic Flute (conducted by Zubin Mehta),  A Midsummer Night's Dream, Carmen, Don Giovanni and The Impresario. 

During her career Rotem sang with many orchestras. Among other things, she sang as a soloist with the symphony orchestras of Los Angeles, San Diego, Vancouver, Bochum and Krakow. In Israel she performed with all the important orchestras,  including the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra, The Israeli Chamber Orchestra, the Kibbutz Chamber Orchestra, the The Haifa Symphony Orchestra, Simpont Ra'anana and The Israeli Sinfonietta Beer Sheva. 

Rotem performed with David Broza and Sinfont Ra'anana at Nights of Spain, sang Ladino songs at Pestilladino, Flamenco songs with Baldy O'Leary, and performed at the liturgical festival in Nazareth and Schubertiade. 

Rotem won song awards in international competitions in Barcelona and New York, as well as first place in the Kol Yisrael Young Artist competition. She also won scholarships from America-Israel Cultural Foundation.

Rotem recorded the Symphony No. 2 of Aharon Haralaf, "The Bird of War", with the Haifa Symphony Orchestra and Tahi Al-Ahavah, Spanish love songs, with the pianist Jonathan Zak. Rotem and Zeke also recorded the songs of the German Jewish composer Giacomo Meyerbeer. 

Sivan Rotem is also a painter who exhibits her paintings in galleries in Israel.
(2008)
**George Roger Waters** (born 6 September 1943) is an English rock musician. He was born in Great Bookham, Surrey and moved to Cambridge during his early childhood. He is best known as the bass player, co-lead singer, principal lyricist, and founder member of the English rock band Pink Floyd (1964–1986). Waters became the main songwriter in Pink Floyd after Syd Barrett left in January 1968. He sang lead vocals on at least one half of all Pink Floyd tracks when he was with the band. Many consider 1973–1979 to be the Golden Age of the Waters era Pink Floyd, during which time they released four studio albums. 

Released in 1973, *The Dark Side of the Moon* is one of the top selling albums of all time. Pink Floyd followed the success of *Dark Side* with *Wish You Were Here* (1975), *Animals* (1977) and 1979's *The Wall*, a double album considered by many to be rock's finest. *The Wall*, based on the life struggles of Roger Waters, is the best selling double disk of all time, and as Pink Floyd's second definitive album, it solidified their status among the world's elite rock bands. In 1983 Pink Floyd released their tenth studio album, *The Final Cut*. Written and almost entirely sung by Roger, (Gilmour sang on just one track), it is the only Pink Floyd album on which Waters is credited for the writing and composition of every song. *The Final Cut* is more fairly considered Roger's first solo album, essentially using David Gilmour and Nick Mason as studio musicians. One of rock music's most critically acclaimed and commercially successful acts, Pink Floyd has sold over 200 million albums worldwide, including 74.5 million in the United States.

Following his legal and philosophical split with Pink Floyd in 1986, Waters began a solo career, releasing three studio albums, *The Pros and Cons of Hitchhiking* (1984), *Radio K.A.O.S.* (1987), and in 1992, the highly acclaimed *Amused to Death*. In 1990, Roger staged one of the largest rock concerts ever, *The Wall Concert in Berlin*, on the vacant land between Potsdamer Platz and the Brandenburg Gate. In 2005 he released the critically acclaimed opera, *Ça Ira*, which would go on to top the classical charts in America and Britain, as well as joining Nick Mason, Richard Wright and David Gilmour, for an historical performance at the 2 July 2005 Live 8 concert in London's Hyde Park, Pink Floyd's first public performance with Roger in 24 years.

Waters has toured extensively as a solo act since 2005, performing *Dark Side* to sold out audiences and critical acclaim the world over. Waters performed an extensive tour of *The Wall* between 2010 and 2013. He is often criticized for his statements about Israel. Because of those, German cities have tried to ban his concerts.
**Brent Wilson** (born July 20th, 1987) is an American former bassist for the rock band Panic! at the Disco. He recorded one studio album with the band, A Fever You Can't Sweat Out (2005). He was fired and replaced by Jon Walker on May 17, 2006.

On January 22nd, 2021 Wilson was arrested during a traffic stop where he was found to have been caring drugs. On November 15, 2022, Wilson was sentenced to 46 months in prison followed by three years of supervised release.

Panic! At the Disco (2004-2006)
-------------------------------

Wilson joined Panic! At the Disco in 2004. The band’s debut studio album, A Fever You Can't Sweat Out, was released on September 27, 2005. The album was an unexpected success, going 4x platinum and propelling the band into superstardom.

Dismissal from Panic! At the Disco (2006)
-----------------------------------------

On May 17, 2006, Panic! at the Disco announced that Wilson had been fired, stating, "There really isn’t a good way to say this, and it was a decision that was very tough to make, but feels like it will be the right decision for everyone. We regret to inform you that Brent is no longer a part of Panic at the Disco, and although this choice does feel very healthy, he is a great friend of ours and he will definitely be missed. We all wish him well and the best of luck in everything he wants to do in the future. The last few years will be something we will never forget, all the places we’ve been that we never thought we’d go and things we’ve seen that we thought we’d never see when we started this band. Right now, our friend Jon is going to be filling in, and I’m sure it would ease his nerves a bit to get a warm reception. We’re at home preparing for the summer tour, and we’ve never worked so hard on putting something together. I can’t tell you how excited we are for these shows and for you all to see what we’ve been planning, we’ve got a few tricks up our sleeves… just you wait." The band faced heavy backlash for the firing, including from Wilson’s brother, Blake. This caused a feud between the two parties, including claims of betrayal on Panic’s part and performance problems and substance abuse on Wilson’s part. Wilson also filed a suit against the band, claiming he was owed royalties.

Aftermath and Arrest
--------------------

After his time in Panic! At the Disco, he went on to become an accountant for a commercial real estate agency and got married, having a son named Connor. In July of 2018, he pleaded guilty to possession of a controlled substance. On January 22nd, 2021, Wilson was pulled over after he crossed three lanes of traffic without a turn signal, cutting off oncoming traffic. During the stop, a search of Wilson and the vehicle uncovered 13 grams of meth, 1.2 grams of cocaine, 62.6 grams of heroin, a scale, small baggies, foil covered in residue, and a loaded Glock 17. Wilson, who was on parole at the time of the arrest, was also said to be out two hours beyond his curfew deadline. On November 15, 2022, Wilson was sentenced to 46 months in prison followed by three years of supervised release for possession with the intent to distribute heroin and felon in possession of a firearm.
**Microsoft Office 2000** is a business software developed by Microsoft. Successors like Office 97 and Microsoft Office 2000 introduced the ''Office News'' channel on May 14, 1999. Microsoft Office 2000 was released on June 7, 1999, along with Windows 2000 Beta 1.

History and development
-----------------------

Development of Office 2000 started at the beginning of Windows 98 Beta 2 in January 1997, with version 10.9.0. Development ended on December 31st, 1997. Microsoft announced in 1999 that they would be releasing Microsoft Office 2000 with the "Office News" channel. They announced it in New York City and Redmond, Washington. 

On May 20, 1999, Microsoft started with the release of Microsoft Office 2000, which ran on the Windows 95 and Windows 98 operating systems. On June 7, 1999, Microsoft released Office 2000 worldwide.

Support
-------

Microsoft Office 2000 was supported on Windows 95 and Windows 98. Microsoft released Office 2000 for Windows 2000 on March 17, 2000. Office 2000 was released for Windows ME on September 19, 2000. 

On August 29, 2001, Windows XP was released with Microsoft Office 2000. At the time, Windows Vista did not support Microsoft Office 2000.

Support life cycles
-------------------

On July 20, 2004, Microsoft announced that they would be ending all support for Microsoft Office 2000. BBC News and The New York Times announced that Microsoft Office 2000 would no longer be supported on September 20, 2004. It was supported for 6 years in total.
**Shannon Goad Sharpe** (born June 26, 1968) is a former American Football tight end who played for the Denver Broncos and Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League. Sharpe is known for his creative commentary and occasional trash-talking. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame, and inducted on August 6, 2011. Sharpe played 12 seasons for Denver (1990–99, 2002–03) and two years with the Baltimore (2000–01), winning three Super Bowls and finishing his career as the NFL's all-time leader in receptions (815), receiving yards (10,060) and receiving touchdowns (62) by a tight end until Tony Gonzalez surpassed all 3 of these records, including breaking his total yardage record on October 5, 2008. Sharpe holds the distinction of being the first tight end ever to amass over 10,000 receiving yards. Shannon was also named a member of the NFL's first team All-Decade team of the 1990s.

Sharpe grew up poor and is the brother of former wide receiver Sterling Sharpe. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio in 2011.
*Amanita phalloides*, the death cap
The genus ***Amanita*** contains a species of basidiomycete mushrooms, including some of the most toxic known. It is found worldwide.

This genus is responsible for approximately 95% of the fatalities resulting from mushroom poisoning, with the **death cap** accounting for about 50% on its own. The most potent toxin present in these mushrooms is amanitin, of which at least eight versions are known.

Species
-------

* Amanita abietum
* Amanita abrupta
* Amanita albocreata
* Amanita bisporigera
* Amanita caesarea
* Amanita jacksoni
* Amanita muscaria
* Amanita ocreata
* Amanita pantherina
* Amanita phalloides
* Amanita verna
* Amanita virosa

Notable species
---------------

### Fly agaric

See the main article: Fly agaric
***Amanita muscaria***, commonly known as the *fly agaric*, is a psychoactive fungus. It is known as the fly agaric for its ability to kill houseflies when combined with milk. The reason for this is that flies are attracted to the milk because it is so sweet. When they drink the milk they feel the effects of the mushroom and begin to get intoxicated.

### Death cap

***Amanita phalloides***, commonly known as the *death cap*, is a deadly poisonous fungus, one of many in the genus *Amanita*. Widely distributed across Europe, *A. phalloides* forms ectomycorrhizas with various broadleaved trees. In some cases, death cap has been accidentally introduced to new regions with the cultivation of non-native species of oak, chestnut, and pine. The large fruiting bodies (mushrooms) appear in summer and autumn; the caps are generally greenish in color, with a white stipe (stem) and gills (underneath the cap).

One mushroom, if eaten, may destroy the liver and cause death. There is no antidote.p211

### Toxins

Their major toxic mechanism is the inhibition of RNA polymerase II, a vital enzyme in the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Without mRNA, essential protein synthesis, and hence cell metabolism, grind to a halt and the cell dies.

The liver is the organ most affected, because it is the organ which is first encountered after absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Other organs, especially the kidneys, are susceptible.p217 The RNA polymerase of *Amanita phalloides* is insensitive to the effects of amatoxins, so the mushroom does not poison itself.
**Amiga** is a popular music record label in Germany. It used to be a record label of the East German state-owned music publisher VEB Deutsche Schallplatten before becoming a record label of the Bertelsmann Music Group in 1994.

In 1947, actor and singer Ernst Busch became allowed by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany to create a music publishing house, which was named Lied der Zeit GmbH ("Song of the Times"). This publishing company included the label Amiga. In the 1950s, Lied der Zeit became VEB Deutsche Schallplatten ("German Records"), a state-owned company that had a monopoly on making records. VEB Deutsche Schallplatten had multiple record labels, each for different genres; Amiga releases included folk, jazz, pop, rock, Schlager music, chanson, and children's music.

After East Germany and West Germany became one country, most of the public state enterprises that were from East Germany were taken into pieces or sold to private investors. The Amiga label and catalog were obtained by Bertelsmann Music Group in 1994, which then became part of Sony Music Entertainment in 2008.

Amiga's catalog has 2,200 albums and about 5,000 singles, or a total of 30,000 titles.

Related pages
-------------

* List of record labels

Books
-----

* Rauhut, Birgit; Rauhut, Michael (1999). *Amiga: die Diskographie aller Rock- und Pop-Produktionen 1964-1990*.

Other websites
--------------

* Amiga Musik - Official Site of the Sony BMG label (in German)
* Amiga on Discogs
Slot machines in the Trump Taj Mahal
A **slot machine** (American English), called also **fruit machine** (British English), **the slots** (Canadian English), **poker machine** or **"pokies" (slang)** (Australian English and New Zealand English) or simply **slot** (American English), is a casino gambling machine with set of numbers or pictures that after putting money in it and pressing button will randomly spin. The game is popular in casinos as it is easy and hassle free way to gamble money. Display of a slot machine have a reels, which have symbols and when player go to play, build in random number generator generates result in different symbols. If same numbers or pictures line up the player will win their bet or multiplier of it.

Slot machines include a currency detector that detects if coins and notes are real ones and what values they have. The machine pays the winning or issue a coupon that will entitle to collecting reward in cash or prizes.
In some countries where money gambling in casinos is illegal the slot machines can issue free prizes, coupons or vouchers. Slot machines are the most popular gambling method in casinos and make up about 70 percent of the US casino's income.

The first slot machine was invented by Charles Fey of San Francisco, California, U.S in 1894. The following year Fey built the 4-11-44 in his basement; it proved so successful at a local saloon that he soon quit his job and opened a factory to produce more units. In 1898 Fey built the Card Bell, the first three-reel slot machine with automatic cash payouts. The Card Bell had a handle that set the reels in motion when it was pushed down and playing card suitmarks that lined up to form poker hands. His next slot machine, the Liberty Bell, was built in 1899 and used horseshoes and bells as well as playing card suitmarks on the reels. Three bells lined up in a row meant the top payout. Chiefly because of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, only 4 of more than 100 Liberty Bell machines built by Fey survive. The Liberty Bell proved immensely popular among saloon patrons in San Francisco and was quickly copied by Fey’s competitors, such as the Mills Novelty Company of Chicago.

Variants
--------

1. Progressive Jackpot Slots
2. Multiple Pay-Line
3. Multiplier Slots
4. Bonus Multiplier Slots
5. Megaways Slots
6. Classic Slots
7. 3D Slots
8. Video Slots
Regions with desert climates
  BWh (hot desert climate)
  BWk (cold desert climate)
**Desert climate** or **Arid climate** (in the Köppen climate classification: BWh "hot desert climate" and BWk "cold desert climate") is a type of climate where precipitation is generally less than 250 millimetres (10 in) a year. Low rainfall is a feature of deserts such as the Arabian, central Australia and the Sahara. It is a feature of continental interiors, the western sides of continents, and the leeward side of tall mountain ranges. Parts of the Arctic and Antarctic have arid climates even though they are cold.

Defining a desert
-----------------

A "true desert" is one where plant cover is very sparse and rainfall is rare or infrequent. Because desert air is dry there is little moisture to hold onto the heat of the day. Desert nights are usually very cold. This wide temperature variation can make a desert climate difficult to live in.

Some deserts get more than 250mm of rainfall yearly but are still arid areas. For example, the Kalahari Desert gets up to 640 millimetres (25 in) a year. It has great sand dunes like the Sahara, but they do not shift in the winds. They have plants that anchor the sand and help to keep their shape. Other areas can also have more than 250mm of precipitation but lose more water via evapotranspiration than falls as precipitation. Tucson and Alice Springs are good examples of this. Tucson gets an average of 303 millimetres (12 in) of rainfall a year. Alice Springs receives about 540 millimetres (21 in) yearly. Some scientists do not consider these as true deserts.

Types
-----

There are three types of desert climates in the Köppen climate classification: a hot desert climate (BWh), a cold desert climate (BWk) and a mild desert climate (BWh/BWn). Hot deserts have very hot summers that have temperatures that can even reach 45 °C (113 °F). Temperatures can even be very warm during winter. Cold deserts can have hot summers as well, but the winters are usually very cold. They are usually at high altitudes and can be drier than hot deserts.

 Saguro cactus

Adaptations
-----------

Desert plants and animals have adapted to living in desert climates. Some animals can get by on less water. Some plants are able to store water. Some animals, like snakes, lizards and scorpions use poisonous venoms to kill for food. This saves valuable energy: they do not need to chase, fight or catch their prey. Many animals are nocturnal. They sleep in cool caves or burrows during the day and hunt at night. Plants likewise have adapted to saving water. Some have waterproof coverings that prevent the plant or seeds from drying out. Some, like the giant Saguaro cactus, store water. They have adapted so well that they can live for more than 150 years and can average over 40 ft tall. Many types have thorns and protective spines that keep animals from getting at their stores of water.

Related pages
-------------

* Desert
* List of deserts

Other websites
--------------

* 


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Desert climate***.
**John Brown's Body** is an epic poem by American poet Stephen Vincent Benét.

History
-------

In 1925 Stephen Vincent Benét decided to write a long poem. With this proposal he approached the Guggenheim Foundation. He asked for 2 500 dollars and got it. Then he went to France. He settled in Paris and began to write. The poem was published in 1928. At once it became very popular. No American poem gained such popularity earlier. Ever Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's works were not so widely read. 130 000 copies of the book were sold during two years. For this poem the poet received the Pulitzer Prize in 1929. Many years later he got the second Pulitzer Prize for the poem *Western Star*.

Form
----

The poem in written in many measures. The poet employs both regular blank verse, free verse and different stanzas. This fragment is an example of classical blank verse.

*Jack Ellyat had been out all day alone,*
*Except for his new gun and Ned, the setter,*
*The old wise dog with Autumn in his eyes,*
*Who stepped the fallen leaves so delicately*
*They barely rustled. Ellyat trampled them down*
*Crackling, like cast-off skins of fairy snakes.*
*He'd meant to hunt, but he had let the gun*
*Rest on his shoulder.*
From time to time the poet uses alliteration.

*Where the **s**kyscrapers lift their foggy plumes*
*Of **s**tranded **s**moke out of a **s**tony mouth*
*You are that high **s**tone and its arrogant fumes,*
*And you are ruined gardens in the '*S*outh*

The story told
--------------

John Brown's Body is a poem about Civil War in America. The story begins with John Brown and his deeds. It ends with general Lee’s surrender at Appomattox. In this work historical and fictional persons are presented together. In 1953 Charles Laughton turned the poem into a play. It was performed in many theatres in America.

Bibliography
------------

* Project Gutenberg: *John Brown's Body* (1928) (full text)
* John Brown's Body by Stephen Vincent Benét, 1928.
The **Vargas Era** (Portuguese: *Era Vargas*; Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈɛɾɐ ˈvaɾɡɐs]) is the period in the history of Brazil between 1930 and 1945, when the country was governed by President Getúlio Vargas.

Fall of the First Republic
--------------------------

The **First Brazilian Republic** is the period of Brazilian history from 1889 to 1930. The Old Republic began with the deposition of Emperor Pedro II in 1889, and ended with the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 that installed Getúlio Vargas as a new president.

During this time, Brazil was affected by the Great Depression because the economy need foreign markets and loans. The limited industrial development in São Paulo, the export of coffee and other agricultural products were not enough to help the economy.

Second Republic
---------------

The period from 1930 to 1937 is known as the **Second Brazilian Republic**, Vargas followed a path of social reformism in attempt to reconcile radically diverging interests of his supporters. His policies can best be described collectively as like those of fascist Italy under Mussolini, with an increased reliance on populism. Reflecting the influence of the *tenentes*, he even advocated a program of social welfare and reform similar to New Deal in the United States, prompting U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to proudly refer to him as "one of two people who invented the New Deal."Vargas sought to bring Brazil out of the Great Depression through statist-interventionist policies. He satisfied the demands of the rapidly growing urban bourgeois groups, voiced by the new (to Brazil) mass-ideologies of populism and nationalism. Like Roosevelt, his first steps focused on economic stimulus, a program on which all factions could agree.

Third Republic (*Estado Novo*)
------------------------------

The period from 1937 to 1945 is known as the **Third Brazilian Republic,** or **Estado Novo.** Vargas' four-year term as President under the 1934 Constitution was going to expire in 1938, however, Vargas managed to stay in power after the 1937 Brazilian coup d'état. Through this period, a series of measures were used to restrain political opposition, such as the nomination of Intervenors for the States and censorship of the media.

Related pages
-------------

* Military dictatorship in Brazil
LGBT flagmap of Tunisia.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons in Tunisia may face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Homosexuality is illegal in the Republic of Tunisia and the law does not include sexual orientation or gender identity in its civil rights laws and there is no legal recognition for same-sex couples. According to the 2013 Pew Global Attitudes Project, 93% of Tunisian adults do not believe that homosexuality is acceptable by society.<ref>{{Citation|date=4 June 2013|title=The Pew Global Project Attitudes|place=Washington, D.C.|publisher=PewResearchCenter|url= August 2016|archive-date=19 May 2017|archive-

Tunisia is socially conservative when it comes to such issues as homosexuality. There are a few led organised LGBT Human rights movements such as the movement named "Shams". Mostly Tunisians are generally Muslims with traditional values, and traditional Islamic attitudes and mores look down upon Homosexuality and cross-dressing as signs of decadence and Immorality. But Tunisian Cross-dressers are not expressly Illegal in the country. Male prostitution workers occur in some Tunisian tourist resorts. The so-called Minister for Human Rights Samir Dilou stated that "Freedom of Speech has its limits", Homosexuality is a "perversion", and gay people needed to be "treated medically" for this. His comments were condemned by many in Tunisian society who posted pro-LGBT pictures on social networking sites. In June 2012, Dilou rejected the recommendation of the United Nations Human Rights Committee for Tunisia to decriminalise same-sex sexual acts, stating that the concept of "Sexual orientation is specific to the west" which is not true and is overridden by Tunisian Law, which "clearly describes Tunisia as an fellow Arab Muslim country".

In May of 2016, several LGBTI Associations organised a small, discreet Gay Pride reception in Tunis. Associations also organised events and public demonstrations to mark the International Day against Homophobia in May.

Public Tunisian Opinion:

Public opinion regarding its LGBT Human rights is complex. According to a 2014 Survey Poll by the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, 18% of Tunisian people were in favour of legalising Same-sex marriages, with 62% being opposed to such legislation of legalisation.

Summary table
-------------

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Same-sex sexual activity legal | No Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment (Legalisation Proposed) |
| Equal age of consent | No |
| Anti-discrimination laws in employment | No |
| Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services | No |
| Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech) | No |
| Same-sex marriage | No |
| Recognition of same-sex couples | No |
| Step-child adoption by same-sex couples | No |
| Joint adoption by same-sex couples | No |
| Gays and lesbians allowed to serve openly in the military | No |
| Right to change legal gender | No |
| Access to IVF for lesbians | No |
| Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples | No |
| MSMs allowed to donate blood | No |
The **Uthmaniyya** (Arabic: عثمانیه, romanized: *ʿUthmāniyya*) were adherents of an early Islamic doctrinal stance which originated in the aftermath of caliph Uthman's assassination in 656 CE. The Uthmaniyya continued to support the deceased caliph and sought revenge for his murder. The Battle of the Camel (656 CE) and the Battle of Siffin (657 CE) both occurred within the framework of ʿUthmāniyyas versus ʿAlīds.

According to Isma'ili Shi'as, the Uthmaniyya had accepted the verdict of the arbitrators appointed at Siffin and held that Uthman had been murdered unjustly. Consequently, they repudiated the rebellion against Uthman and the resulting caliphate of Ali. In addition to the partisans of Mu'awiya, the Uthmaniyya included the upholders of the principles of the early caliphate, namely the rights of the non-Hashemid early companions of the prophet Muhammad to the caliphate. The Uthmaniyya adopted their own anti-Shi'a policies, such as the cursing of Ali from the pulpits after Friday prayers, a policy instituted by Mu'awiya.

Amr ibn al-As, Mu'awiya bin Hudayj, the Egyptian Uthmaniyya, and a bulk of the Syrians were responsible for the killing of Kinana ibn Bishr, the assassin of Uthman, as well as his men, which comprised the vanguard of Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, at al-Musannat.

In Yemen, the Uthmaniyya withheld their alms-tax to Ali and joined the rebels of Sana'a. They also protested Ali’s appointing of Ubayd Allah bin al-‘Abbas and Sa’id bin Nimran.

Related pages
-------------

* Arabs
* History of Islam
* Muslims
* Ummah
* Non-denominational Muslims
* Umayyad Caliphate
* Islamic state
* Caliphate
**Municipal elections** were held in **Toronto**, Ontario, Canada, on January 1, 1924. Wesley Hiltz was elected mayor. He defeated two well-known candidates.

Toronto mayor
-------------

Mayor Charles A. Maguire chose to retire before the election. Three well-known candidates tried to become the new mayor. Tommy Church had served as mayor from 1915 to 1921 Wesley Hiltz was chairperson of the Toronto Board of Education. Controller Joseph Singer had been nominated as a candidate for mayor but decided to withdraw in order not to divide the anti-Tommy Church vote. Col. John Allister Currie was a leader of Canadian forces during the Boer War and a sitting Conservative Party MPP. Hiltz was victorious.

Results
**Wesley Hiltz** - 44,265
Tommy Church - 33,875
John Allister Currie - 4,312

Board of Control
----------------

There were two new members of the Board of Control returned in this election: A.E. Hacker and R.H. Cameron.

Results
**Joseph Gibbons** (incumbent) - 42,778
**Thomas Foster** (incumbent) - 34,435
**A.E. Hacker** - 32,689
**R.H. Cameron** - 30,621
D.C. MacGregor - 26,637
William D. Robbins - 26,594
F.M. Johnston - 22,542
J.R. Beamish - 20,161

City council
------------

Ward 1 (Riverdale)
**W.A. Summerville** (incumbent) - 7,762
**Robert Luxton** (incumbent) - 5,129
**George J. Smith** - 5,082
L.W. Trull - 3,497
W.H. Fenwick - 2,803
C.H. Stock - 573
Ward 2 (Cabbagetown and Rosedale)
**John Winnett** - 4,295
**Bert Wemp** - 3,776
**Charles A. Risk** (incumbent) - 3,614
Herbert Henry Ball - 3,407
A.E. Brocklesby - 2,400
S.C. Parks - 1,873
J.N. Day - 694
Ward 3 (Central Business District and The Ward)
**Frank Fenton** - 4,522
**Harry W. Hunt** - 4,001
**Andrew Carrick** (incumbent) - 3,172
J. George Ramsden - 3,059
F.W. Johnston - 2,608
C.A. Reed - 2,062
W. Harper - 594
Ward 4 (Kensington Market and Garment District)
**Sam McBride** - 3,426
**Nathan Phillips** - 2,908
**Claude Pearce** (incumbent) - 2,728
E.B. Westwood - 2,190
L.A. Maldover - 1,999
C.W. Mogridge - 982
Sam Brown - 632
P.W. Benner - 399
Ward 5 (Trinity-Bellwoods)
**Clifford Blackburn** (incumbent) - 6,464
**William James Stewart** - 5,155
**Benjamin Miller** - 4,381
J. Phinnemore - 3,939
John Macdonald - 2,035
Arthur E. Fegan - 813
Ward 6 (Davenport and Parkdale)
**Brook Sykes** - 9,138
**Samuel Thomas Wright** - 7,849
**John Laxton** - 6,290
W.M. Maltby - 5,394
Guy Roach - 4,559
Richard Tuthill - 2,838
James Gill - 794
Ward 7 (West Toronto Junction)
**Samuel Ryding** (incumbent) - 3,743
**Frank Whetter** (incumbent) - 3,407
**H.M Davy** (incumbent) - 3,227
W.A. Baird - 3,157
Ward 8 (East Toronto)
**Robert Baker** (incumbent) - 5,886
**Robert Dibble** - 4,459
**Joseph T. Turner** - 3,781
J.H. Lennox - 2,591
William Robertston - 1,149
John Doggett - 1,135
C.G. Dawkes - 833
Results taken from the January 1, 1924 *Toronto Daily Star* and might not exactly match final tallies.
Aleksandar Vasiljević, guitarist, and Aleksandar Lukić, bass guitarist, of U Škripcu
**U Škripcu** (Serbian Cyrillic: У Шкрипцу; trans. *In Dire Straits*) was a Serbian and Yugoslav rock band from Belgrade.

The band was created in 1980 by Zoran Vulović "Vule" (keyboards), Milan Delčić "Delča" (vocals) and Aleksandar Vasiljević "Vasa" (guitar), who later added Miloš Obrenović (drums) and Aleksandar Lukić (bass guitar) to the band, and to change the name of the band to U Škripcu. After the band became successful and popular around Yugoslavia with the release of the album *O je!* and EP *Nove godine!*, they failed to repeat this success, and so they disbanded in 1985.

In 1986, Vulović and Delčić re-created the band, but the latter soon left the band, so the new lineup, which included the vocalist Aleksandar Tabaš and various musicians, recorded the fourth studio album, *U Škripcu*. The album was not successful, so the band disbanded again in 1988. The next year, Vulović reunited with Delčić and Vasiljević, Lukić on guitar, bassist Dejan Škopelja, and drummer Ratko Ljubičić. They recorded the fifth studio album *Izgleda da mi smo sami*. After this, the band disbanded again. After this, Vulović became a producer and manager, Delčić pursued a solo career with his band Sklekovi, and Vasiljević and Lukić became a part of the supergroup Familija. In 2007, the original lineup came back together at the Delča i Sklekovi concert at the Belgrade Dom Omladine, which was released in 2008 as *Ljubilarnih 20 i nešto godina - Live*, under the moniker **Delča a i U Škripcu**. Delčić died of cancer on 24 July 2011.

Members
-------

**Former members**

* Zoran Vulović "Vule" – keyboards (1980–1985, 1986–1987, 1989–1991, 2007)
* Milan Delčić "Delča" – vocals (1980–1985, 1986, 1989–1991, 2007)
* Aleksandar Vasiljević "Vasa" – guitar (1980–1985, 1989–1991, 2007)
* Aleksandar Lukić "Luka" – bass guitar (1980–1985) guitar (1989–1991, 2007)
* Miloš Obrenović – drums (1980–1985, 2007)
* Davor Vidiš – drums (1986)
* Dario Kumerle – bass guitar (1986)
* Zdravko Jurković – guitar (1986)
* Dejan Škopelja "Škopi" – bass (1987, 1989–1991, 2007)
* Aleksandar Tabaš – vocals (1987)
* Zoran Veljković "Kiza" – guitar (1987)
* Marko Milivojević – drums (1987)
* Ratko Ljubičić – drums (1989–1991)

Discography
-----------

### Studio albums

* *Godine ljubavi* (1982)
* *O je!* (1983)
* *Budimo zajedno!* (1984)
* *U škripcu* (1987)
* *Izgleda da mi smo sami* (1990)

### Extended plays

* *Nove godine!* (1983)

### Live albums

* *Ljubilarnih 20 i nešto godina – Live* (as Delča, a i U Škripcu; 1991)

### Singles

* "Nove godine" / "Beograd spava" (1983)

### Other appearances

* *Artistička radna akcija* ("Pamflex dom" / "Južno voće"; 1981)

Other websites
--------------

* U Škripcu at Facebook
* U Škripcu at Myspace
* U Škripcu at Discogs
* U Škripcu at YouTube
* U Škripcu at Rateyourmusic
* U Škripcu at Last.fm
* U Škripcu at B92.fm

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