recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Latin American poetry** is poetry written by poets born in Latin America. 

Lyric poetry is popular in Latin America. Some lines in lyric poems rhyme. Sometimes lyric poems do not rhyme. Rubén Darío, César Vallejo, Ernesto Cardenal, Gabriela Mistral, and Pablo Neruda wrote lyric poems.

Prose poetry is also popular in Latin America. Prose poems are written in sentences and paragraphs. (The lines do not rhyme.) Jorge Luis Borges (*Everything and Nothing*), Pablo Neruda (*Passions and Impressions)*, Octavio Paz (*Eagle or Sun?*), Alejandra Pizarnik (*Sex/Nigh*t), and Giannina Braschi (*Empire of Dreams*) wrote prose poetry.

Latin American poets also have a strong tradition of epic poetry**.** National themes, landscapes, and local traditions appear in epic poems. José Hernández wrote the famous epic poem *Martín Fierro* about cowboy culture in Argentina.

History
-------

In the 17th century, Sor Juana was a nun who lived in Mexico. She wrote spiritual and philosophical poems.

In the 19th century, the Cuban poet José Martí wrote the famous poem, "Yo soy un hombre sincero" ("I'm a sincere man"). This poem became the lyrics of the popular song "Guantanamera". Rubén Darío was a famous modernist poet. He wrote "Azul" (1888). Cesar Vallejo is one of the most important poets in the Spanish Language. Vallejo wrote *Trilce (*1922).

In the 20th century, Gabriela Mistral was the first Latin American poet to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. She wrote about children, teachers, family, and romance. Pablo Neruda wrote the epic poem *Canto General*. Neruda was the second Latin American poet won the Nobel Prize. Alejandra Pizarnik wore prose poems about childhood, cruelty, and death. Giannina Braschi writes epic poetry about immigration, revolution, and freedom. Ana Castillo writes about the Mexican border, ghosts, and Chicano culture. Roberto Bolaño wrote novels about poets. His famous novels *2666 and Savage Detectives.* Bolaño also wrote many poems in free verse and in prose.

Latin American poets
--------------------

**The Colonial period**

* Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
* Luis de Góngora y Argote

**19th century**

* Rubén Darío
* José Martí
* Gabriela Mistral

**20th century**

* Jorge Luis Borges
* Roberto Bolaño
* Giannina Braschi
* Roberto Bolaño
* Carmen Boullosa
* Ernesto Cardenal
* Ana Castillo
* Julia de Burgos
* Nicolás Guillén
* Gabriela Mistral
* Pablo Neruda
* Nicanor Parra
* César Vallejo
* Octavio Paz
* Jorge Enrique González Pacheco

Related pages
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* Latin American Literature
* Latina poetry
* Puerto Rican literature
* American poetry
Lucky the Dinosaur at Walt Disney World on June 11th, 2005
**Lucky the Dinosaur** is an approximately 8-foot-tall (2.4 m) green Segnosaurus free roaming audio animatronics figure which pulls a flower-covered cart and is led by "Chandler the Dinosaur Handler".
Lucky premiered at The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles on August 28, 2003. He made appearances at Disney California Adventure Park as well. Lucky appeared regularly at the DinoLand U.S.A. area of Disney's Animal Kingdom at Walt Disney World from June 2005 to August 2005. He was then moved to Hong Kong Disneyland to celebrate the grand opening of the park in September 2005. As of August 2015, Lucky is at his final home of Walt Disney Imagineering. He is still running as he meets visitors who come with the Backstage Magic Tour from Adventures By Disney.

Lucky is notable in that he was the first free roaming audio-animatronic figure ever created by Disney's Imagineers. The flower cart he pulls conceals the computer and power source. Lucky is capable of moving, vocalizing, and responding to guests.

Related pages
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Lucky the Dinosaur***.

* Disney's Animal Kingdom attraction and entertainment history
* Hong Kong Disneyland attraction and entertainment history
* Muppet Mobile Lab
**Kelly Lynn Loeffler** (/ˈlɛflər/; born November 27, 1970) is an American businesswoman, political donor and politician. Loeffler was the United States Senator from Georgia from January 6, 2020 to January 20, 2021. Before becoming senator, she had no political experience. She is a member of the Republican Party. She lost her re-election bid on January 5, 2021 to Raphael Warnock.

She was the chief executive officer of Bakkt and the part-owner of the Atlanta Dream of the Women's National Basketball Association.

On November 27, 2019 Governor Brian Kemp's said that Loeffler was his top pick to replace Senator Johnny Isakson. Kemp formally picked Loeffler as his senate pick.

Loeffler is very wealthy and was one of the wealthiest members of the United States Senate.

Early life
----------

Kelly was born on November 27, 1970, in Bloomington, Illinois. She was raised on the family farm in Stanford, Illinois.

Business career
---------------

According to the non-partisan Center for Responsive Politics, Loeffler and her husband have donated 3.2 *million* dollars to political committees. While the majority of these donations have gone to the Republican Party, some donations have gone to Democrats, including Representative David Scott (GA–13), a Democrat, who received $10,200. Loeffler donated $750,000 to Restore Our Future, a Super PAC supporting former Governor Mitt Romney's 2012 presidential campaign. The National Republican Senatorial Committee received $247,500 from Loeffler and her husband.

Loeffler first considered running for office in 2014. She briefly expressed interest in seeking the Republican nomination in the 2014 United States Senate election in Georgia but ultimately passed on the race because of Intercontinental Exchange's pending acquisition with the New York Stock Exchange.

Personal life
-------------

In 2004, Loeffler, then 34, married businessman Jeffrey Spreecher. Spreecher is 15 years older than Loeffler. They have no children.
**Kappalottiya Tamizhan** (The Tamilian who drives the ship) is a Tamil movie released in 1961. The movie was directed by B.R.Panthulu. The main roles were acted by Sivaji Ganesan and Gemini Ganesan. The supporting roles were made by S. V. Subbaiah, T. K. Shanmugham, S. V. Ranga Rao, Savitri and S. A. Ashokan. The movie was based on the life history of freedom fighter, V. O. Chidambaram Pillai. This movie was awarded the National Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil. Somehow it failed in the collections or became a commercially failed movie.

Reception
---------

*Kappalottiya Thamizhan* received generally positive reviews. Malathi Rangarajan of *The Hindu newspaper* said, "Films on patriotism are many. But Panthulu's *Kappalottiya Tamizhan* stands higher for the natural imitations of Sivaji Ganesan as VOC, and S.V. Subbiah as Bharatiar. The reviews praise the movie that it remains a perfect showcase of the Independence Movement in the South.

Box office
----------

*Kappalottiya Thamizhan* was the first Tamil movie to get tax exemption (No tax is needed to pay), from the Government of India. This is because of the movie's content of patriotism. But it became a commercial failure. It faced a loss of Rs. 7 Lakhs.
Not to be confused with Soufrière Hills or La Grande Soufrière.

**La Soufrière** ("The Sulfurer") or **Soufrière Saint Vincent** is an active volcano on the island of Saint Vincent in the Windward Islands of the Caribbean.

Geography and structure
-----------------------

At 1,220 m (4,003 ft), La Soufrière is the highest peak on Saint Vincent as well as the highest point in the island country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

It is in the northern part of the island of Saint Vincent in the Saint David and Charlotte parishes. The mountain is surrounded by the towns of Wallibou and Chateaubelair to the southwest, Fancy to the north, Orange Hill and Georgetown to the southeast and the Richmond Peak and Mount Brisbane to the south.

🌋
Soufrière is an active composite volcano (or stratovolcano) with a lake in the crater and is the island's youngest and northernmost volcano. It has a main crater of 1.6 km in diameter, with the northeast edge cut by another smaller crater in 1812.

History
-------

The first historical eruption of the volcano took place during 1718; it and the 1812 eruption produced major explosions. Much of the northern end of the island was devastated by a major eruption in 1902 that killed 1,680 people; this eruption was just hours before the eruption of Mount Pelée on Martinique.

Several volcanoes in the Caribbean are named Soufrière (French: "sulphur mine"). Two of them are Soufrière Hills on Montserrat and La Grande Soufrière on Guadeloupe.

On 9 April 2021, the volcano erupted causing over 20,000 to evacuate.

Other websites
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* St. Vincent and The Grenadines: St. Vincent's Interior Archived 2013-05-10 at the Wayback Machine
* The University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre
* USGS/CVO West Indian Volcanoes
* Volcano Live: Soufrière St. Vincent Volcano
* Volcano World: Soufriere St. Vincent

| Authority control Edit this at Wikidata |
| --- |
| International | 
* VIAF

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| National | 
* France
* BnF data
* Israel
* United States

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| Geographic | 
* Global Volcanism Program

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| Other | 
* IdRef

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**Las Galeras** is a Dominican Municipal district of Santa Bárbara de Samaná, Samaná province. It is on the east coast of the Samaná Peninsula, on the *Rincón Bay* that is found between *Cabrón* and *Samaná* capes.

*Las Galeras*, in English *The Galleys* (a galley was a war ship where prisoners and slaves were used to move the ship), because two galleys stayed here during the 16th Century.

Population
----------

In the last national census (2010), the district had a total population of 6,929: 3,800 men and 3,129 women. The urban population was only 13.41% of the total population.

Economy
-------

The most important economic activities of the province are agriculture, fishing and tourism.

Crossroads in Las Galeras.Crossroads in Las Galeras.
The region is famous for its beautiful beaches with palms. There is a beach at the seafront of Las Galeras itself, as well as a white sand beach, "La Playita" ("The Small Beach") within walking distance from the town. It is possible to take a boat to visit "Playa Rincón" ("Rincón Beach"), another beautiful beach in the region.
**James Hadley Billington** (June 1, 1929 – November 20, 2018) was an American academic. He was the 13th Librarian of the Library of Congress. He was appointed by President Ronald Reagan. Billington served as librarian from September 14, 1987 until his resignation on September 30, 2015.

Early life
----------

Billington born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania on June 1, 1929. He was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Billington studied at Princeton University and at Balliol College, Oxford.

Career
------

### Early career

Billington (right) with George Soros (left), January 2001
Billington first began as a professor in Harvard University. From 1973 to 1987, Billington was director of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, the nation’s official memorial in Washington, D.C. to America’s 28th president. As director, he founded the Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies at the Center and seven other new programs as well as the *Wilson Quarterly*.

### Librarian of Congress (1987-2015)

Billington was sworn in as the Librarian of Congress on September 14, 1987. He is the 13th person to hold the position since the Library of Congress was established in 1800. His appointment was unanimously confirmed by the Senate.

Billington has championed the Library’s American Memory National Digital Library (NDL) Program, which makes freely available on-line over 24 million American historical items from the collections of the Library and other research institutions. These unique American Memory materials and the Library’s other Internet services, which include the congressional database, THOMAS, the on-line card catalog, exhibitions, information from the U.S. Copyright Office and a web site for children and families called America’s Library, handled more than 2.6 billion transactions last year.

Billington resigned in early September 2015 because of his age. His resignation became effective on September 30, 2015.

Personal life
-------------

Billington was married to the former Marjorie Anne Brennan. They had four children: Dr. Susan Billington Harper, Anne Billington Fischer, the Rev. James Hadley Billington Jr. and Thomas Keator Billington, as well as 12 grandchildren. Dr. Billington and his daughter Susan are the first father and daughter to both be awarded Rhodes Scholarships and use them to earn DPhils (at Oxford University).

Billington died at a hospital in Washington, D.C. on November 20, 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 89.

Other websites
--------------

 Media related to James Hadley Billington at Wikimedia Commons

* *Booknotes* interview with Billington on *Russia Transformed*, September 13, 1992. Archived November 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
* C-SPAN *Q&A* interview with Billington, July 1, 2007
**Krautrock** is rock and electronic music. It was born in Germany in the late 1960s. The term was popularized in the English-speaking press. Later, German media began to use it as a term for all German rock bands from the late 1960s and 1970s. That was while abroad the term specifically referred to more experimental artists who often but not always used synthesizers and other electronic instruments.

Largely divorced from the traditional blues and rock and roll influences of British and American rock music until that time, the period contributed to the evolution of electronic music and ambient music as well as the birth of post-punk, alternative rock and New Age music.

Artists
-------

Key artists associated with the tag include Can, Amon Düül II, Ash Ra Tempel, Faust, Popol Vuh, Cluster, Tangerine Dream, Klaus Schulze, Neu!, and Kraftwerk.

Etymology
---------

The word "krautrock" was applied to the experimental German rock movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s by the British music press, and was retained by its practitioners. The term *krautrock* was originally a humorous one coined by the UK music press (such as *New Musical Express* and *Melody Maker*), where "krautrock" found an early and enthusiastic underground following. The term comes from the ethnic slur "kraut". Its use by the music press was inspired by a track from Amon Düül's *Psychedelic Underground* titled "Mama Düül und Ihre Sauerkrautband Spielt Auf" ('Mama Düül and her Sauerkrautband Strike Up'). As is often the case with musical genre labels, not many of the bands wanted to see themselves pigeon-holed. They tended to eschew the term. The term is also a problematic category because of the differences, from one artist to another so labelled.

Musicologist Julian Cope, in his book *Krautrocksampler*, expressed in words that "Krautrock is a subjective British phenomenon," based on the way the music was received in the United Kingdom instead of on the actual West German music scene out of which it became bigger.

For example, while one of the main groups originally tagged as krautrock, Faust, recorded a seminal 12-minute track they titled "Krautrock". They later distanced themselves from the term, expressing in words that: "When the English people started talking about Krautrock, we thought they were just taking the piss... and when you hear the so-called 'Krautrock renaissance,' it makes me think everything we did was for nothing."
***Kulindadromeus*** is a herbivorous dinosaur, an ornithischian from the Jurassic of Siberia, Russia.

The fossil shows clear signs of feather-like structures on its body. This is important because it was not known whether this group had proto-feathers. These structures probably had the function of temperature regulation: they were not flight feathers.

The original specimen was a partial skull with lower jaws. The volcanic ash layers of the formation form a *Konservat-Lagerstätte* with exceptional preservation. From 2010 onwards, more fossil material has been discovered, including subadult and juvenile individuals.

Features of the body surface
----------------------------

Specimens show large parts of its body surface (skin or 'integuent'). There are rows of scales on top of its tail and a covering of scales branching into feather-like structures. Until its discovery proto-feathers were thought to be only in the Theropoda. The feather remains discovered are of three types.

The first type consists of hair-like filaments covering the trunk, neck and head. These are up to three centimetres long and resemble the "dino-fuzz" already known from theropods like *Sinosauropteryx*. The second type shows groups of 1.5 centimetres-long filaments, each group coming from a base plate. These are on the upper arm and thigh. The base plates are ordered in a hexagonal pattern but do not touch each other. The third type is unique. It was found on the upper lower legs and consists of bundles of six or seven ribbon-like structures, up to two centimetres long. Each ribbon is made from about ten parallel filaments up to 0.1 millimetres wide.

The filaments earlier reported in Ornithischia, on *Psittacosaurus* and *Tianyulong*, could be homologous to the "protofeathers" found in non-avian theropods. This would imply that feathers are original to the Dinosauria as a whole and possibly to the Archosauria as a whole, since there are similar structures in the Pterosauria.

There are also three types of scales. Overlapping hexagonal scales, up to 3.5 millimetres in diameter, are present on the lower shins. Small round non-overlapping scales, less than one millimetre in cross-section, cover the hands, ankles and feet. The top of the tail is covered by five long rows of arched rectangular scales, measuring up to one by two centimetres. With these scales the trailing edge of each scale slightly overlaps the front edge of the scale behind it. In the middle, to the contrary, a small spur projects forward, covering the trailing edge of the preceding scale. The authors think the scales were not ossified scutes or osteoderms.
**Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan** (25 January 1948 – 13 May 2022) was the President of the United Arab Emirates, Emir of Abu Dhabi, and commander of the UAE Armed Forces.

Biography
---------

Khalifa was born to Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the first president of the United Arab Emirates (1971–2004) and emir of Abu Dhabi. 

During his youth, he attended the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst. 

He held a number of administrative posts throughout the 1960s before becoming the head of the Abu Dhabi Defence Force, which became the core of the UAE Armed Forces in 1971.

After the country became independent from the United Kingdom, Khalifa served in a number of government positions under his father. He was Defence Minister, Finance Minister, and Prime Minister. He also held a number of other administrative offices during the 1970s. In 1976, Khalifa became the deputy supreme commander of the armed forces under his father.

He succeeded his father as the President of the United Arab Emirates and Emir of Abu Dhabi in November 2004. One of Khalifa's earliest reforms was announcing that the Federal National Council would have half its members elected, but the other half would be appointed by the emirs. 

A leaked diplomatic cable signed by the U.S. ambassador in 2010 described Khalifa as being an "uncharismatic personage".

The Al Nahyan family had $150 billion net worth in total.

In January 2014, Khalifa had a stroke and had bad health afterwards.

Khalifa died on 13 May 2022 in Abu Dhabi at the age of 73.

Related pages
-------------

* Burj Khalifa
**Joannah Stutchbury** was a Kenyan land and environmental rights defender (LED) activist. She was the one of the leading conservationists of the environment of Kenyan forests. She was remembered for her dedicated efforts to protect Kiambu forest from encroachment. She helped a lot to the Kenya Forest Service during her lifetime. She raised her voice against the destruction of the Kiambu forests. She was shot multiple times and was killed on 15 July 2021. She died at the age of 67. Joannah was the great-niece of Jim Corbett.

Activism and Murder
-------------------

Joannah Stutchbury was campaigning against the developer businessmen encroaching on the Kiambu Forest near Nairobi. She had spoken out against land-grabbers and famous private developers. In 2018, she hit the headlines when she single-handedly confronted those developers. The developers were felling trees in the Kiambu Forests. Due to her intense activism, Stutchbury was threatened to be killed many times. However, she received no protection from police. She was told by unknown people that they would kill her if she continued intervening and destroying their plans. They warned her not to stop them in constructing a roadway through the forest.

On 15 July 2021, Joannah Stutchbury was shot dead near her home in Kenya, because of her campaign against the development of wetlands in a national park. On the day of the incident, she stopped her car to clear branches blocking her driveway. Then, suddenly, she was shot several times. Later, her neighbours found her body in her car. Her car engine was still running. Surprisingly, her valuables were still in the vehicle. From that, it was confirmed that the attack was not a robbery. Stutchbury had raised her voice against the local businessmen, against the encroachment and building up of structures on the nearby Kiambu Forest. Before the incident, she had received multiple death threats, but nevertheless continued to stand for the environment until her death.
According to a report from "Permaculture", Joannah Stutchbury was shot four times during her murder. The World Forest Organisation petitioned to the President of Kenya, to protect an area of the forest at national level, in honour of Joannah.

Other websites
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* 
*
A map of the Kentucky river.
A picture of the Kentucky river.
The **Kentucky River** is a river in the state of Kentucky. It is a tributary of, or flows into, the Ohio River and is 259 miles long. The city of Frankfort is located on the Kentucky River. It is formed at Beattyville, Kentucky, which is in Lee County, which is where the North and South Forks come together.

Description
-----------

Map of the watershed of the Kentucky River, showing the North Fork, Middle Fork, and South Fork tributaries.
The river is formed in eastern Kentucky at Beattyville, in Lee County, when the North, Middle and South Forks meet at about 670 feet (204 m). The river flows generally northwest, and is highly meandering in the mountains. It then flows through Daniel Boone National Forest, then past Irvine and Boonesborough, then southwest, passing south of Lexington, then north through Frankfort. It joins the Ohio at Carrollton.

Approximately 15 mi (25 km) southwest of Boonesborough it is joined by the Red River. About 20 mi (30 km) southwest of Boonesborough it is joined by Silver Creek. At High Bridge, it is joined by the Dix River. At Frankfort, it is joined by Benson Creek. 10 mi north of Frankfort, Elkhorn Creek flows into the river.

Between Clays Ferry in Madison County and Frankfort, the river passes through the Kentucky River Palisades. The latter is a series of steep gorges approximately 100 mi (160 km) in length.

According to Robert F. Collins of the United States Forest Service, Dr. Thomas Walker named the river, in 1750, Louisa River, after Princess Louisa, the wife of Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland. Later, the name Louisa became Levisa and shifted to the nearby stream today called Levisa Fork River.
**James Byron Dean** (February 8, 1931 – September 30, 1955) was an American movie actor. He was best known for his part in a movie called *Rebel Without a Cause*. He was in two other movies *East of Eden* and *Giant*, both of which were huge successes. He got an Academy Award (Oscar) nomination after his death. He was the first person to get this nomination posthumously (after they died).

Early life
----------

James Dean was born in 1931 in Marion, Indiana, United States. His parents were called Winton Dean and Mildred Wilson. Six years later, the family moved to California, and James went to school in Los Angeles. He was very close to his mother. She died of cancer when he was nine, and James went to live with his aunt and uncle in Fairmount, Indiana. In high school, he became interested in drama and car racing. After he graduated, he moved back to California to live with his father and stepmother. He attended Santa Monica College and UCLA, but left college in 1951 to become a professional actor. 

In an interview, Elizabeth Taylor told something which James Dean had said to her during their filming. After his mother’s death, when he was 11 years old, he was sexually harassed by a Protestant minister. This experience tortured him during all his whole childhood.

Death
-----

In 1955, Dean was killed in a road crash while driving his sports car to a race. He was buried in Fairmount, Indiana.

Other websites
--------------

* James Dean on IMDb
For the musical album, see Lungs (album).
Human lungs and heart
The **lung** is an organ in many vertebrates (animals having a *spine*, or backbone). It takes blood oxygen from the air, and expels carbon dioxide. Most vertebrates with lungs have two of them.

In animals, the lungs are the area where gas exchange takes place. Without gas exchange, oxygen would not pass into the blood from the lungs so the body cells would not be able to receive the oxygen needed for respiration.

The alveoli are moist to allow oxygen to move from the lung through the alveoli into blood vessels and red blood cells. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the alveoli. The oxygen-filled blood goes back to the heart and the carbon dioxide in the alveoli is pushed out of the lungs and into the air we breathe out.

Bird lung
---------

Birds lungs are smaller than mammal lungs, and do not have alveoli, instead they have millions of para-bronchi. These para-bronchi end up in tiny capillaries or very small blood vessels and they pass close to the body's blood vessels, so diffusion can occur and the oxygen and carbon dioxide is exchanged. The oxygen and carbon dioxide in birds lungs are continuously diffused into and out of the blood, not like in mammals where diffusion can only happen in the alveoli. Air does not go into and back out of the lungs as in mammals. Instead, muscular air sacs push the air forward through bird lungs.

Reptile lung
------------

Reptile lungs open and close because of the ribs surrounding them pressing down on them and then opening up with the help of muscles. The liver is also attached to the bottom of the lungs and when a muscle which is attached to the liver pulls, the liver moves away from the lungs and pulls them, making them bigger.

Amphibian lung
--------------

Frog lungs are very simple compared to most other lungs, they are simply balloons, with moist outsides allowing for diffusion. But frogs do not move around much and so do not need lots of oxygen, but they can also take in oxygen through their moist outer skin if a big demand of oxygen is needed (e.g. Fight or flight response)

Other websites
--------------

* A revision site directed towards IGSCE students Archived 2002-11-08 at the Wayback Machine
* A to Z list of diseases of the Lung
* List of Lung Cancer information sites Archived 2008-11-10 at the Wayback Machine
* In depth articles on the lung
* In depth article on the anatomy of a lung
Flag of the Maratha Empire
Map of the Maratha Empire in 1758
The **Maratha Empire**, or **Maratha Confederacy**, was a group of Indian states that dominated much of the Indian subcontinent in the 17th and the 18th centuries. The empire formally existed from 1674 to 1818. The Marathas are given much of the credit for ending Mughal rule in India.

The Marathas were a warrior people from the western Deccan Plateau (present-day Maharashtra). They rose to prominence by establishing "self-rule of Hindu/Indian people" in their region. The Marathas became prominent in the 17th century under the leadership of Shivaji who revolted against the Adil Shahi dynasty and the Mughal Empire and formed a kingdom, with Raigad as his capital. Known for their mobility, the Marathas were able to consolidate their territory during the Mughal–Maratha Wars and later controlled a large part of the Indian subcontinent stretching from Peshawar in the north to Thanjavur in the south with their capital at Pune in the year 1758. 

Their power was eventually ended by the series of wars fought against the British Empire. The first two Anglo-Maratha wars resulted in a victory for the Marathas however the third one resulted in the defeat of the Marathas and annexation of the Maratha Empire in Maharashtra into British India. The Marathas had another opportunity to rebel against British rule and form their own kingdom in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. They joined this rebellion in the hopes of permanently kicking the British power out of India. However, by the end of 1859, the rebellion was crushed and all the Maratha rebel leaders were either executed or went into exile and took refuge in Nepal.

Related pages
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* Maratha dynasty
Lady Macbeth at the bedside of King Duncan (*Lady Macbeth* by George Cattermole, 1850)
**Lady Macbeth** is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's play *Macbeth* (c.1603–1607). She is the wife to the play's main character, Macbeth, a Scottish nobleman. After talking him into killing the king, she becomes Queen of Scotland. Later, she feels bad about her part in the crime and falls sleepwalking. She dies off-stage in the last act. This is thought to be suicide.

The idea for the character came from Kings Duff and Duncan in *Holinshed's Chronicles* (1587), a history of Britain familiar to Shakespeare. Shakespeare's Lady Macbeth appears to be made up of two personalities in Holinshed's work. These are Donwald's nagging, murderous wife in the account of King Duff and Macbeth's ambitious wife in the account of King Duncan.

More information
----------------

* Lady MacBeth and the Daemonologie of Hysteria
* Some Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work
* Women's Fantasy of Manhood: A Shakespearian Theme

Other pages
-----------

* *Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District* - opera by Dmitry Shostakovich

Other websites
--------------

* *Macbeth:* Folio Version Archived 2009-01-14 at the Wayback Machine
* *Macbeth:* Full-text online Archived 2011-04-26 at the Wayback Machine
* List of all appearances and all mentions of Lady Macbeth in the play.
*Lady Godiva* by John Collier, *ca* 1897
**Lady Godiva** (Old English: *Godgifu*; about 980 – 1067) was an Anglo-Saxon noblewoman. She was married to Earl Leofric and frequently donated to the church, and was highly religious. There are legends that say that she rode naked through the streets of Coventry in England.

Legend
------

Lady Godiva was the wife of Earl Leofric of Mercia. The Earl’s taxes were very high, and people in Coventry were very upset about it. Lady Godiva begged her husband to lower the taxes many times, but he never agreed to. Finally, the Earl told Lady Godiva that if she rode through the streets completely naked, he would lower the taxes. Lady Godiva sent a message through town that told everyone to close their shutters and stay indoors. Then, she rode through town only clothed by her hair. The Earl gave in and lowered the taxes of the town. However, a tailor named Tom drilled a hole through his shutters, and caught a glimpse of Lady Godiva. He was struck blind, some think from heaven, and some think the town "took care of him" themselves. There were many celebrations to remember Lady Godiva’s courage.

Related pages
-------------

* Exhibitionism
* Public nudity
* *The Seven Lady Godivas*, an early Dr. Seuss book
* Nudity and protest

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Lady Godiva***.

* Lady Godiva[*permanent dead link*], the website of the women's sports team
* Cecilia Parsons, "Countess Godiva", 1999, revised 2004: biography and developing legend
* BBC News – the unearthing of a stained glass window identified with Lady Godiva
* James Grout: *Lady Godiva*, part of the Encyclopædia Romana
* How Lady Godiva Got a Tax Break
**Time zones in the Middle East**  

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|     | UTC+02:00 | Egypt Standard Time |
|     | UTC+02:00UTC+03:00 | Eastern European Time /Israel Standard Time /Palestine Standard TimeEastern European Summer Time /Israel Summer Time /Palestine Summer Time |
|     | UTC+03:00 | Arabia Standard Time /Turkey Standard Time |
|     | UTC+03:30 | Iran Standard Time |
|     | UTC+04:00 | Gulf Standard Time |

▉▉▉▉ Standard time observed all year  
▉ Daylight saving time observed

Iran.
**Iran Standard Time (IRST),** also called **Iran Time (IRT),** is a time zone used in Iran. The standard time is 3.5 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+03:30). During its daylight saving time (DST), it used **Iran Daylight Time (IRDT)**, which was 4.5 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+04:30), but however, from 2006 to 2007, IRDT was not used in Iran, but was re-introduced on March 21, 2008. On September 21, 2022, Iran abolished daylight saving time and now observes standard time the entire year.

Daylight saving dates for Iran
------------------------------

Before it was ended in 2022, daylight saving time (DST) started on March 21 or 22 (Farvardin) and ended on September 21-22 (Shahrivar).
The **MIT License** is a free software license that was created at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). It is a permissive license, meaning that it allows programmers to put the code in proprietary software on the condition that the license is given with that software, and GPL-compatible, meaning that the GPL permits programmers to combine and redistribute it with software that uses the MIT License.

According to the Free Software Foundation, the MIT License is more accurately called the **X11 license**, since MIT has used many licenses for software and the license was first written for the X Window System.

Software that use the MIT License include Expat, PuTTY, Mono development platform class libraries, Ruby on Rails, Cakephp, Twisted, Lua 5.0 onwards and the X Window System, which the license was written for.

Some software are dual licensed under the MIT License, such as older versions of the cURL library, which allowed recipients to choose either the Mozilla Public License or the MIT License.

License
-------

This is the license:

```
Copyright (c) <year> <copyright holders>

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.

```

Related pages
-------------

* List of software licenses

Other websites
--------------

* The MIT License template
* The X Window System Trap by Richard Stallman
**Lewis & Clark College** is a private university in Portland, Oregon. The school was formed in 1867. It has about 3,600 students and about 150 teachers.

History
-------

The college started in 1867 in Albany, Oregon as part of the Presbyterian Church. At that time is was called **Albany Collegiate Institute**. The first class graduated in 1873. In 1905 the school changed its name to **Albany College** and started giving Bachelor of Arts degrees. The school opened a campus in Portland in 1934. The Portland campus was very popular, so the school decided to move there. The school opened a much larger campus in Portland in 1942, and renamed the school **Lewis & Clark College**, to honor the Lewis and Clark Expedition. In 1966, the school stopped being part of a church and became a secular school.

Students
--------

In 2013 Lewis & Clark College had 2,039 undergraduate students and 1,553 graduate students. The school has 29 majors. The most popular major is Social Science. 64% of students who apply to the school are accepted. In 2013 tuition was $41,928 a year. 60% of students are female, and 40% of students are male. The school does not have any fraternities or sororities.

Some notable graduates of the school are:

* Matt Biondi - A swimmer who won 11 Olympic medals
* Jeanne M. Holm - The first woman to be a 1 Star General in the United States Air Force
* Monica Lewinsky - A woman who had a relationship with United States President Bill Clinton
* Muhammad bin Nayef - The Deputy Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
* Bill Walker - The Governor of Alaska
**Lara Veronin** is a Russian-Taiwanese-American singer born on 2 May 1988. She is famous for being the lead vocalist of the C-Pop band Nan Quan Mama. The band's first album ***Treasure Map*** and second album ***Nan Quan Mama, Version 2*** both peaked at #4 on the Taiwanese Album Charts. She has also appeared as a featured voicalist on Jay Chou's sixth album ***November's Chopin*** on the track *Coral Sea*.

Biography
---------

Veronin was born and raised in Monterey Park, California, America and moved to Taiwan in her teens. Her father is a Russian American, and her mother a Taiwanese. She speaks fluent English and Mandarin as shown in her songs, but says she is unable to speak Russian.

Reportedly, Veronin's talent was discovered when she met C-pop singer Jay Chou at a restaurant where she was working. He was interested in her voice and recruited her for his band, Nan Quan Mama. Her role as the lead singer of Nan Quan Mama gave her instant fame.

She gained greater recognition as her songs "靠近一點點 Kao Jin Yi Dian Dian" and "Say You Love Me" were chosen to be theme songs for It Started With A Kiss, a Chinese romantic comedy television series in 2005.

In 2006, Veronin was cast in the television series *Engagement for Love*, co-starring Alex To and Ambrose Hsu.

As of now, Veronin is studying in college in Taipei while continuing her music career.

Style
-----

Her musical style is often disputed (argued about). This is because most of her songs when she performs solo are in the alternative or pop-rock genre, but when she performs as a vocalist in the band Nan Quan Mama, she often sings blues- and soul-influenced dance music.

Other websites
--------------

* Nan Quan Mama Official Site Archived 2010-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
* Veronin UN-Official Xanga Blog
* Veronin UN-Official Myspace
* Rockers Union[*permanent dead link*]

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Authority control: Artists Edit this at Wikidata | 
* MusicBrainz artist

 |
Leontyne Price
**Leontyne Price** (born February 10, 1927) is an American soprano. She is particularly associated with Verdi roles, notably in the operas *Il trovatore* and *Aida*. She was one of the first black singers to enjoy an international career in opera.

Life and career
---------------

Price was born in Laurel, Mississippi. She studied at Central State College, Wilberforce, Ohio, and with Florence Kimball at the Juilliard School of Music in New York City. She began her professional career in 1952, when she appeared as Bess in George Gershwin's *Porgy and Bess* on Broadway, followed by an international tour. She made her recital debut in New York City in 1954, and appeared in a television production of *Tosca* for NBC in 1955. 

Her actual operatic debut took place in San Francisco in 1957, as Mme Lidoine in Poulenc's *Le dialogue des carmélites*, followed by her first *Aida*. The role of Aida would quickly become her signature role and the vehicle for her debuts in 1958 at the Vienna State Opera, the Royal Opera House in London and at La Scala in Milan both in 1960. She also appeared at the Salzburg Festival as Donna Elvira in *Don Giovanni* and Leonora in *Il trovatore*.

She made her debut at the Lyric Chicago Opera in 1959, and at the Metropolitan Opera in 1961, as Leonora in *Il trovatore*. She was to sing at the Met for twenty-four consecutive seasons. Amongst her greatest roles are the female lead in operas such as Verdi's *Ernani*, *Un ballo in maschera*, *La forza del destino*, Mozart's *Don Giovanni* and *Cosi fan tutte*, Puccini's *Manon Lescaut*, *Madame Butterfly*, *La fanciulla del West*, Richard Strauss's *Ariadne auf Naxos*, etc.

She created the role of Cleopatra in Samuel Barber's *Anthony and Cleopatra* for the opening of the new Metropolitan Opera at Lincoln Center in 1966.

Leontyne Price was one of the outstanding lyric-dramatic sopranos of her generation, she had a rich, warm and luscious voice enhanced by a fine stage presence. She retired from the stage in 1985.

Sources
-------

* *The Metropolitan Opera Encyclopedia*, edited by David Hamilton, Simon and Schuster, 1987.
* *The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta*, James Anderson, Wings Books, 1993.
Many varieties of soybean.
A **legume** is a type of dry fruit. It is usually produced by plants in the family Fabaceae. Legumes can be a variety of fruits: peas and beans are types of legumes.

Description
-----------

Legumes grow from the carpel, the female reproductive part of a plant. The fruit of a legume is found inside a pod that can be split on both sides. However, there are some foods that grow inside pods that are not legumes.

Peas inside their pods.

Health
------

Legumes contain many healthy nutrients, such as protein. They are a good source of protein for vegetarians and vegans, or people who do not eat meat and fish. They also contain fibre. This helps to have a healthy digestive system. However, they contain some nutrients which humans find difficult to digest. It is recommended that legumes are soaked (left in water) before cooking to help with nutrient absorption (taking in more nutrients). Some amino acids, such as methionine, are not found very much in some legumes. However, they are needed to help the body use protein.

Use
---

India imports (buys from other countries) the most legumes. This may be because a lot of Indians follow the religion of Hinduism, which does not let people eat meat. Legumes are a cheap and plentiful source of food in a country where around 22% of the population are in poverty. The top four producers and exporters (selling to other countries) of legumes are:

* Canada
* Myanmar
* Australia
* USA

The USA uses legumes for a variety of reasons. It is the highest producer. It uses soybeans to feed cattle and make vegetable oil. Peanuts are a popular snack food in the USA and these are also a type of legume.

Related pages
-------------

* List of fruit
**Lake Biel** (also called **Lake Bienne**) is the biggest lake in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland. The lake has a length of 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) and a width of 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi). Its surface area is about 40 square kilometres (15 sq mi). Taximum depth is about 74 metres (243 ft). It is 429 metres (1,407 ft) above sea level. It is surrounded by a lot of wine-producing villages.

Together with Lake Morat and Lake Neuchâtel it is one of the three largest lakes in the Jura region of Switzerland. There are two rivers which run into Lake Biel. The first one is the Suze, it's Biel’s only river. The second one is the Aare, one of Switzerland’s longest rivers. It was redirected into the lake in 1878.

Vineyards are located on the sunny side of Lake Biel and benefit from the southeast orientation of the hills. The lake provides a balanced climate. Soils are highly calcareous. There are 220 hectares (540 acres) of vineyards and a large variety of vine types, traditionally white wines, but increasingly red wines. The Chasselas, Pinot gris, Pinot noir, Pinot blanc and Chardonnay are grown by about 80 winegrowers. Most of the wine goods are family farms and the vine is often sold directly from the wine cellars.

Vineyards in the region of Lake Biel have been found since the Roman times. Archeologists found amphora for the wine. The vineyards still exist thanks to a ban released in 1933, which forbid building in the vineyards.

It is a common tourist destination and is a beautiful lake, with many recreational activities to do.

Other websites
--------------

 Media related to Lake Biel at Wikimedia Commons

* Prospekt Bielerseewein
**John Gould Veitch** (April 1839 – 13 August 1870) was an expert on plants and growing plants, he was also a traveller and one of the first Victorian British plant experts to visit Japan to look for and collect new plants. He was a great-grandson of John Veitch, the founder of the Veitch family plant growing business. He also visited the Philippines, Australia, Fiji, and other Polynesian islands looking for new plants to bring back to Great Britain.

He brought back a number of the glasshouse plants that were in fashion at the time, such as *Acalyphas*, *Cordylines*, *Codiaeums* (Crotons) and *Dracaenas*, and from Fiji, a palm of a new genus later named after him, *Veitchia joannis*, in addition to this genus the Veitch family name is honoured by hundreds of other plant names.

In Japan, he met another famous plant collector called Robert Fortune, and their competing collections returned to England on the same ship. For example, each man claimed that they had discovered a species of *Chamaecyparis pisifera* (a kind of cypress).

He married Jane Hodge soon after his return to England in 1866 and they had two sons, James Herbert Veitch, (1868 – 1907) and John Gould Veitch, Jr. (1869 – 1914)

John Gould Veitch died of tuberculosis at the age of 31.