recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Almansa** is a Spanish town and municipality in the province of Albacete. The municipality borders with Alicante, Valencia and Murcia. Almansa is famous for its *Moros y Cristianos* festival celebrated from the 1st to the 6th of May.

Almansa is built at the foot of a white limestone cliff. It has a Moorish castle at the top. It is in the middle of a fertile and irrigated plain. About 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the town centre there is an obelisk to remind people of the Battle of Almansa. The battle was fought there on the 25 April 1707 during the War of Spanish Succession. The Duke of Berwick who the son of James II defeated the allied British, Portuguese and Spanish troops.

The Sierra del Mugrón is located in the Almansa city limits.

Main sights
-----------

The main sightseeing attraction is the 14th-century Castle of Almansa.

There are other important monuments, such as:

* Assumption Church (16th-19th century)
* Palace of *Los Condes de Cirat* (16th century), today the Town Hall
* Church of the *Agustinas* Convent (18th century)
* The Convent of *San Francisco* (17th century)
* Clock Tower (1780)

8 km from the city is the reservoir of Almansa, built in 1584. This reservoir is the oldest one in Europe. 12 km from the city is the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Belen (17th century).

*La Asuncion* church's bell tower.
Convent of *San Agustin*
Clock tower
The medieval 'Castle of Almansa'.
Facade of the City hall

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Almansa***.

* Portal of Almansa
**Ernest Moeran** (born Heston, Middlesex, England, 31 December 1894; died 1 December 1950) was an English composer.

Early life
----------

Moeran (pronounce: "MORE-an") was born in Heston, to the west of London. His father was an Irish clergyman. Ernest spent most of his childhood living on the coast of Norfolk. He learned to play the violin and the piano. At first he was taught at home by a governess. When he was ten he went to school. In 1908, he went to Uppingham School where he spent five years. When he left school in 1913 he started to study piano and composition at the Royal College of Music with Charles Villiers Stanford.

War service
-----------

Moeran’s studies at the Royal College of Music were interrupted after 18 months because of the start of World War I. He joined the army as a despatch rider but he was soon badly injured in the head and could no longer fight in the army. After the war he did some music teaching, but then he started to study music again. His teacher this time was John Ireland who had been a pupil of Moeran’s earlier teacher Stanford.

Composing music
---------------

After these studies his music started to be performed a lot. His *First Rhapsody* for orchestra was performed several times, including in 1924 by the Hallé Orchestra conducted by Hamilton Harty. He was asked to compose a symphony for the Hallé Orchestra, but he preferred to write shorter pieces, especially chamber music and piano music. In 1931 he wrote a *String Trio* which is one of his best works. 

Moeran became interested in folk music. He liked to go to country pubs and listen to the people singing there. He collected about 150 folk songs in Norfolk and Suffolk and made many arrangements of them.

By the mid-1920s, Moeran had become close friends with Peter Warlock. They lived together and often went out drinking together. Moeran gradually became an alcoholic.

In 1945, after Warlock had died, Moeran married the cellist Peers Coetmore. The marriage was not very happy although it helped Moeran to compose some of his best pieces: the *Cello Concerto* and *Cello Sonata*.

Moeran was found drowned in the River Kenmare. At first people thought he had committed suicide but then it was found that he had had a heart attack and died before he fell into the water.

His music
---------

Moeran’s music is influenced by folk song. His harmonies are often like those of Delius. He was also influenced by Vaughan Williams, Holst, Bax, John Ireland and Peter Warlock. For many years he concentrated on piano music, songs and chamber music, but in his later years he wrote larger works such as the Symphony in G minor (1934-7) and his Concertos for the Violin and the Cello.

Other websites
--------------

* The Worldwide Moeran Database by Andrew Rose, including a more detailed biography and a complete list of works.
A 'ticker': dealers' tool for watching market changes
A stock market is an institution where people and computers buy and sell shares of companies.

Shares
------

Shares are small pieces of a company. Shares can be bought by humans, companies, and mutual funds. When buying shares in a company, the buyer owns a small part of that company. The price of a share can be based on many different things. The main thing that affects the price is the balance between supply and demand. If many buyers want to buy a stock the price goes up. If there are more sellers than buyers, the price goes down.

Stock brokers
-------------

Some buyers trade shares in stocks through a stockbroker. A stockbroker is a person who buys or sells stocks for their customers. A stockbroker can also help customers make choices in stocks. Their advice is based on public information about the companies.

How the Share Market Works
--------------------------

The interplay of buyers and sellers drives the operation of the stock market. Orders to purchase or sell shares can be placed through brokers or internet trading platforms. These orders are matched on stock exchanges, where supply and demand dynamics determine the price. The stock market works on the supply and demand concept, with prices moving based on a variety of factors such as corporate performance, economic conditions, and investor mood.

Stock markets in the world
--------------------------

* NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) - USA
* NASDAQ (stock market for mainly technology shares) - USA
* London Stock Exchange - UK

Cultural changes in the stock market
------------------------------------

Trading stocks online has become more popular. Stocks can be traded online. There is a fee or commission each time a position is opened.
**Marybeth Tinning** (née Roe; born (1942-09-11)11 September 1942) was a American former nursing assistant, convicted murderer, and suspected serial killer who was convicted of smothering and killing her 4-month-old child (a daughter named Tami Lynne) on 20 December 1985. As a result, she was incarcerated in a incarceration facility more than 1 ½ year later on 17 July 1987 and was charged with second-degree murder. She was released from the incarceration facility 31 years later on 21 August 2018. Her eight other children died under suspicious circumstances in the years leading up to Tami Lynne's birth and death. It was at first believed that Tinning's children were dying to due to a genetic problem (or problems) in the family, but even when Tinning's adoptive child Michael died on 2 March 1981 at the age of 2, from similar causes as the other biological children did, authorities failed to open a investigation. Tinning is now suspected to be a possible serial killer.

Marriage and children
---------------------

Marybsth Tining met Joseph "Joe" Tinning in 1963 on a blind date, and they married 2 years later in 1965. 

After their marriage, they went on to have 9 children (8 biological and 1 adoptive) which includes:

1. Barbara Tinning (31 May 1967 – 2 March 1972)

2. Joseph Tinning, Jr. (10 January 1970 – 20 January 1972)

3. Jennifer Tinning (26 December 1971 – 3 January 1972) 

4. Timothy Tinning (21 November – 10 December 1973)

5. Nathan Tinning (30 March – 2 September 1975)

6. Michael Tinning (adoptive; August 1978 – 2 March 1981) 

7. Mary Frances (30 October 1978 – 22 February 1979) 

8. Jonathan (4 November 1979 – 22 March 1980) 

9. Tami Lynne (22 August – 20 December 1985)
See the main article: Gymnastics
Dominika Červenková (Czech Republic) performing her ribbon routine at 2005 World Games.**Rhythmic gymnastics** (short: RG) is a type of gymnastics. Rhythmic gymnasts perform on a floor with an apparatus, accompanied by music, in individual or group events. Gymnasts manipulate one or two apparatus: rope, hoop, ball, clubs, and ribbon. Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport that combines elements of gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation. The victor is the participant who earns the most points, determined by a panel of judges, for leaps, balances, pirouettes, flexibility, apparatus handling, execution, and artistic effect.

Rhythmic gymnastics developed from other sports. It is influenced by group gymnastics, classical ballet, German apparatus work, and the Swedish free exercise method.

International competitions are split between juniors, under sixteen by their year of birth; and seniors, for women sixteen and over again by their year of birth. The largest events in the sport are the Olympic Games, World Championships, and World Cups.

Rhythmic gymnastics was officially recognized by FIG in 1963. The first time rhythmic gymnastics was in the Olympics was in 1984 in Los Angeles. That year, a Canadian gymnast called Lori Fung won the individual competition. In 1996, rhythmic gymnastics group competitions were added to the Olympics.

Rope
----

The length of the rope depends on how tall the gymnast using it is. They swing the rope, throw and catch the rope, make figure-eights, and more. They also leap and jump through the rope while they are holding it.

Hoop
----

The hoop is made of wood. Gymnasts toss it and catch it, spin it, swing it, and roll it in many different ways.

Ball
----

Balls used in rhythmic gymnastics are made with rubber or soft plastic. Gymnasts throw balls and catch them, bounce and roll them, balance the ball on their hand, and do waves and circles.

Clubs
-----

The clubs are another piece of equipment that rhythmic gymnasts use. The clubs look similar to bowling pins or bottles. They are made of wood or plastic. Gymnasts use the clubs to do circles, throws, swings, plus tapping.

Group
-----

The group routine is a little bit different. It’s not a piece of equipment; it’s just a different kind of routine. In the group event, five rhythmic gymnasts will do a routine together. The gymnasts have to work together to make the routine work. In a group routine, gymnasts will exchange whatever equipment they are using with each other.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Rhythmic gymnastics***.

* Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (in English and French)
* Rhythmic Gymnastics (in English and German)
* The Art of Gymnastics - The Israeli site of Rhythmic Gymnastics Archived 2009-09-23 at the Wayback Machine (in English)
* Men's Rhythmic Gymnastics
* More on rhythmic gymnastics Archived 2009-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
**Human development** begins with the fertilization of a female's egg. 

The resulting zygote develops through mitosis and cell differentiation. The resulting embryo then sticks (implants) in the uterus. 

The embryo continues development after birth. This includes both physical and psychological development. It is influenced by genetic, hormonal, environmental, and other factors. 

Above all, humans have a brain which continues to grow after birth. That is how the species differs from the apes. It is the "solution" to the fact that a fully grown babies' heads would be too large to pass through the mother's birth canal.

It may be that the drying of the African climate played a part because it presented grassland instead of forests in many areas. Starting towards the end of the Miocene, African climate (which had been wet) became much drier. That offered a chance to proto-humans to move out of the forests onto the grassland. We know the climatic change took place because all the animals changed with it. Older types of (for example) elephants were replaced by elephants which had teeth suitable for eating grass. The change to a dryer climate happened more widely than just Africa. The Americas and Asia were also drier, and had faunal replacement also.
The **Four Noble Truths** are a Buddhist teaching. They show Buddhists why they should follow the Middle Way.

The Four Noble Truths
---------------------

### The First Noble Truth

The first noble truth is called *Dukkha*, which means *suffering*. It says that life is full of suffering. To say it in a different way, in life, there is sickness, poverty (being poor), old age, and death. People can not keep what they want. People can not avoid what they do not want. If that is all a person learns, they suffer.

### The Second Noble Truth

The second noble truth is *Samudaya*, which says that there is a reason for suffering in the world. It says that the reason there is suffering is that people want things. It also says that the reason there is suffering is that people want what they think is real. They do this because they are ignorant. People do wrong actions because they want things and because they do not see what is real. Those evil actions lead to suffering.

### The Third Noble Truth

The third noble truth is *Nirodha*. It says that people can be free from suffering when they no longer want things.

### The Fourth Noble Truth

The fourth noble truth is called *Magga[*disambiguation needed*]*. It says that for a person to stop wanting things, they must follow a set of rules. The rules are called the Noble Eightfold Path.

The Eightfold Path
------------------

*See main article: Noble Eightfold Path*
The eightfold path says that truth is found in the Middle Way. A person can get to the Middle Way by following the eightfold path. The eight parts are these:

* *Right Vision*. A person should try to see things the way they really are.
* *Right Values*. A person should try to turn their mind away from the world and towards the Dharma.
* *Right Speech*. A person should try to be truthful and kind when they talk.
* *Right Actions*. A person should try to do good things. If they cannot do a good thing, then they should try to not do a bad thing.
* *Right Livelihood*. A person should not work at something that can hurt themselves or other people.
* *Right Effort*. A person should try to increase their goodness and get rid of their evil.
* *Right Mindfulness*. A person must remember the Dharma and use it all the time
* *Right Meditation*. A person must try to reach enlightenment through meditation.

Other websites
--------------

* The Four Noble Truths: A Study Guide

* The Sixteen Aspects and Sixteen Distorted Ways of Embracing the Four Noble Truths
The **Panaro** (Latin: *Scultenna*) is a river of northeastern Italy, the last important right tributary of the Po river. It starts in the Northern Apennines mountain range and flows through the Emilia-Romagna region.

Geography
---------

Scoltenna (Panaro) river
The Panaro river has a length of 148 km (92 mi), and a drainage basin with an area of approximately 2,292 km2 (885 sq mi).

### Course

The Scoltenna (Panaro) in Pievepelago
The Panaro river, with the name *Rio delle Tagliole*, starts in the northern Apennines where Emilia-Romagna meets Tuscany, in the place called *Foce a Giovo* near the Monte Cimone.

From here it flows to the northeast down the valley. At Pievepelago (in the Modena province), its name changes to ***Scoltenna***. Finally, the name is changed to Panaro after the confluence of the Scoltena and the *Leo* stream in the Montespecchio valley, Pavullo nel Frignano.

It borders the *Parco regionale dei Sassi di Roccamalatina* ("Regional Park of the Sassi di Roccamalatina") and keeps flowing to the north. South of Modena, in *Ponte Guerro*, it is joined by the *Guerro* stream and in *Fossalta*, a place to the east of Modena, it is joined, as a left tributary, by the *Tiepido* stream, its main tributary.

At Bomporto, the river joins the *Naviglio de Modena* ("Modena canal or waterway") and can be navigated until its confluence with the Po, on the border with the Veneto region and to the west of Ferrara.

The Panaro river flows through the cities of Vignola, Finale Emilia and Bondeno and just to the east of Modena.

Of historical and artistic interest is the **bridge of Olina** (44°17′55″N 10°46′58″E﻿ / ﻿44.298474°N 10.782833°E﻿ / 44.298474; 10.782833), built in 1522 across the river (still called Scoltenna) near the town of the same name, in the commune of Pavullo nel Frignano

The Panaro flows mainly through the province of Modena but it also flows for a short distance in the Ferrara province after Finale Emilia. It flows through several comunes; some of them, all in the Modena province, Emilia-Romagna region, are:

 

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| * Pievepelago
* Pavullo nel Frignano
* Marano sul Panaro
* Guiglia
* Vignola
* Savignano sul Panaro

  |   | * Spilamberto
* San Cesario sul Panaro
* Modena
* Bomporto
* Finale Emilia
* Bondeno
 |

Main tributaries
----------------

The tributaries of the Panaro river are small streams; the most importants are the Guerro (25 km [16 mi]) and the Tiepido (29.5 km [18.3 mi]); they join the Panaro from the left side.

Related pages
-------------

* List of rivers of Italy

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Panaro River***.

* Fiumi italiani - Fiume Panaro (in Italian)

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| International | 
* VIAF

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| National | 
* France
* BnF data
* Israel
* United States

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The COVID-19 pandemic first reached the U.S. state of Missouri during early March 2020. The first case of COVID-19 to affect Missouri was a woman from St. Louis County. She was a student from Indiana University. She was studying abroad in Milan, Italy. She flew into the O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. The following day, the college student traveled to St. Louis with Amtrak.

The Missouri Governor Mike Parson made an announcement on March 18 that a Boone County male in his 60s was the first COVID-19 death for the state.

Governor Parson declared a state of emergency on March 13. The National Park Service closed the Gateway Arch and its related museum starting from March 18 until further notice.

St. Louis the city and St. Louis County issued stay-at-home orders that went into effect on March 23.

At the very end of March 2020, Governor Parson did not announce any plans for issuing stay-at-home orders. However, on April 3, Missouri's chief executive declared an official stay-at-home order that would be in effect for the state beginning April 6 and ending April 24, 2020. On April 16, Governor Parson extended the stay-at-home order to May 3.

In September 2020, National Public Radio made a report saying that African Americans, Hispanics and Latin Americans were dying at almost three times the rate of White Americans in Kansas City.

On Tuesday, September 23, 2020, Governor Parson announced he and his wife Teresa had tested positive for COVID-19.

On Monday, November 2, an eighth grade male died from the COVID-19. The 13-year-old last attended in-person classes on October 22. He was the youngest person to die from the COVID-19 virus in Missouri at the time.

As of July 9, 2021, almost 9,400 people in the state had died from the COVID-19 virus.
Central Asia
**Central Asia** is a region in Asia. The countries in Central Asia are Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (which are mainly Turkic states) but also includes Tajikistan, and parts of China and Mongolia. The United Nations also includes Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan as part of Central Asia.

History
-------

People have lived in the region of Central Asia since prehistoric times. Most of the region was part of the Silk Road. It was a part of the Persian Empire until Alexander The Great captured it. When he died, the land was given to his general Seleucus. Seleucus slowly lost it to the Parthians. When the Parthians (the Parthians were Persians) lost power, the Sassanids added it to their own Persian empire. However, a couple years later, during about the 600's A.D, Arab armies spreading the faith of Islam quickly captured it. A while later, an Iranian dynasty got semi- autonomy under the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad. They were known as the Samanids. The Samanids controlled most of Central Asia and Northwestern Iran. They had power over this area during the 10th century. With them, Central Asian cities, such as Bukhara and Samarkand, grew in culture. 

However, Turkic armies from this area took the region away from them. They were known as the Seljuk Turks. At the same time, Timur captured it. After his death, the Timurids (the name of the people of the dynasty Timur founded) could not hold unto their empire. They lost it to the Mongols. When the Mongols captured it, burned it to the ground. A while later, some rulers decided to make their own empires under that of the Mongols. These empires were known as Khanates. During the 19th century the Russian Empire conquered these lands. Many years later in 1991, all of the countries of Central Asia declared independence.

Economy
-------

Uzbekistan has much cotton. Kazakhstan is rich because it has sold oil, gas and metals to Europe and China. Turkmenistan has adjusted better to independence from the Soviet Union than the other Central Asian countries, but it has been run by a dictatorship. Other than Kazakhstan, most of Central Asia are mostly underdeveloped.

Related pages
-------------

* Dagestan
* East Turkestan (Xinjiang, China)
* Kashmir (Northern Pakistan and India)
* Kazakhstan
* Kyrgyzstan
* Tajikistan (South-central Asia)
* Tatarstan
* Turkmenistan (South-central Asia)
* Uzbekistan
* Mongolia (and Inner Mongolia, China)
* Soviet Union
* Soviet Central Asia

* General Map of Central Asia: I from 1874
SEM micrograph of the cilia projecting from respiratory epithelium in the lungs
A **cilium** (plural *cilia*) is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Cilia are slender protuberances that project from the much larger cell body.

There are two types of cilia: 

1. *motile* cilia, which beat against fluid outside the cell.
2. *non-motile*, or *primary cilia*, which typically serve as sensory organelles.

In eukaryotes, cilia and flagella together make up a group of organelles known as undulipodia.
Eukaryotic cilia are structurally identical to eukaryotic flagella, although distinctions are sometimes made according to function and/or length.

Motile cilia are found on protist ciliates like *Paramecium*. They are how *Paramecium* moves around. They are also found on the epithelial cells of many internal organs of metazoans, such as the digestive system and the trachea of the lungs.

Cilia in metazoa
----------------

Non-motile (or *primary*) cilia usually occur one per cell; nearly all mammalian cells have a single non-motile *primary cilium*. In addition, examples of specialized primary cilia can be found in human sensory organs such as the eye and the nose: 

* The outer segment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the human eye is connected to its cell body with a specialized non-motile cilium.
* The dendritic knob of the olfactory neuron, where the odorant receptors are located, also contains non-motile cilia (about 10 cilia per dendritic knob).

Status of cilia
---------------

Cilia are structurally almost identical with the much larger flagella. So much so that it has been proposed protists bearing either should be unified in the Phylum *Undulipodia*. Previously, Margulis had proposed that the Ciliates alone should be placed in a Phylum *Ciliophora*. Admittedly, the Protista is a collection of disparate single-celled forms, but while a more sophisticated taxonomy is in flux (changing), Protista is still a useful term.

Cilia and flagella are cell organelles, specialised units which carry out well-defined functions, like mitochondria and plastids. It is fairly certain now that all or most of these organelles have their origin in once-independent prokaryotes (bacteria or archaea), and that the eukaryote cell is a 'community of micro-organisms' working together in 'a marriage of convenience'.
The start of the king list, showing Seti and his son - Ramesses II
The **Abydos King List of Ramesses II**, also known as the **Fragmentary Abydos King List** or the **Fragmentary Abydos Table**, is a list of kings of Ancient Egypt. Just like with the Abydos King List created by Seti I, Ramesses II's copy also lists pharaohs of ancient pharaohs. Due to it's condiction and it being a copy of Seti's list, Ramesses's list is often ignored. The fragments of his lists were removed by the French consul and sold to the British Museum..

It was written on a wall of the Temple of Ramesses II at Abydos, Egypt. The surviving list has two rows of cartouches (borders around the name of a king) in each row. The upper two rows list the kings, while the third row repeats Ramesses II's throne name and praenomen.

It lists the Old Kingdom kings in the order in which they ruled. Due to it's condiction, not all pharaohs have their names on the list.

This names of some earlier pharaohs who were not seen to be lawful rulers — such as Akhenaten, Hatshepsut, Smenkhkare, Tutankhamen, and Ay, have been left out of the list.

The king list
-------------

Drawing of the Fragmentary Abydos King List based on photographs and drawings from 1842.
The names are listed in reverse chronological order from the upper right to the bottom left, as they were meant to be read.

| Upper row | Middle row |
| --- | --- |
| No. | Pharaoh | Name written in the list | No. | Pharaoh | Name written in the list |
| 1-8 | *Names destroyed.* | *Names destroyed.* | 27-34 | *Names destroyed.* | *Names destroyed.* |
| 9 | *Name destroyed.* | *Name destroyed.* | 35 | Amenemhat II | Nebukaura |
| 10 | *Name destroyed.* | *Name destroyed.* | 36 | Senusret II | Khakheperura |
| 11 | *Name destroyed.* | *Name destroyed.* | 37 | Senusret III | Khakaura |
| 12 | *Name destroyed.* | *Name destroyed.* | 38 | Amenemhat III | Nimaatra |
| 13 | Merenre Nemtyemsaf II | Merenre Saemsaf | 39 | Amenemhat IV | Maakherura |
| 14 | Netjerkare | Netjerka(ra) | 40 | Ahmose I | Nebpehtyra |
| 15 | Menkare | Menkara | 41 | Amenhotep I | Djoserkara |
| 16 | Neferkare II | Neferkare | 42 | Thutmose I | Aakheperkara |
| 17 | Neferkare Neby | Neferkara Nebseneb | 43 | Thutmose II | Aakheperenra |
| 18 | Djedkare Shemai | Djedkara Shemai | 44 | Thutmose III | Menkheperra |
| 19 | Neferkare Khendu | Neferkara Khendu | 45 | Amenhotep II | Aakheperura |
| 20 | Merenhor | Merenhor | 46 | Thutmose IV | Menkheperura |
| 21 | Neferkamin | Seneferka | 47 | Amenhotep III | Nebmaatra |
| 22 | Nikare | Nikara | 48 | Horemheb | Djoserkheperu Setepenre |
| 23 | Neferkare Tereru | Neferkara Tereru | 49 | Ramesses I | Menpehtira |
| 24 | Neferkahor | Neferka(Hor) | 50 | Seti I | Menmaatra |
| 25 | Neferkare Pepiseneb | Neferkara Pepiseneb | 51 | Ramesses II | Usermaatra-setepenra |
| 26 | Neferkamin Anu | Sneferka Anu | 52 | Ramesses II | Ramesses Meryamun |

Related pages
-------------

* Abydos King List
* Karnak king list
* Palermo Stone
* Turin King List or Turin Papyrus

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Abydos King List (Ramesses II)***.

* Abydos Table
* Abydos King List
**Lake McKenzie** (**Boorangoora**) is a perched lake on Fraser Island in Queensland, Australia. The lake is located in the Great Sandy National Park. Fraser Island is the world's largest sand island and is also a World Heritage site. Half of the world's perched lakes are found on the island.

The lake is 6.2 km southeast of Kingfisher Resort. It is 1,200 metres long and up to 930 metres wide. It covers an area of about 150 hectares.

The sand around the lake is pure, white silica. The water in the lake is also so pure it is unsuitable for many species.

Facilities for visitors around the lake include camping areas, picnic areas, toilets and barbecues.

History
-------

In March 1944 a military training camp was set up at the lake. It was closed late the same year.

The lake served as the final Roadblock location and the finish line of the TV series *The Amazing Race Australia 2*.

Related pages
-------------

* List of lakes of Australia

Other websites
--------------

 Media related to Lake McKenzie at Wikimedia Commons
Cosplayer playing the character.
**Kraven the Hunter** (**Sergei Kravinoff**) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in *The Amazing Spider-Man* #15 (August 1964), and was created by writer Stan Lee and Steve Ditko. He is one of Spider-Man's frequent enemies and the half-brother of **Dmitri Smerdyakov**, better known as the Chameleon.

The character appeared in numerous Spider-Man adaptations, including animated series and video games. He is widely regarded as one of the most formidable enemies among his rogues. The character gained considerable attention from the story *Kraven's Last Hunt*. The character has been a founding member of the supervillain group, the Sinister Six.

British actor Aaron Taylor-Johnson will portray the character in the upcoming movie of the same name, set in the Sony's Spider-Man Universe (SSU).

Source
------

* Some text was copied from Kraven the Hunter at Superhero Wiki, which is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license.
The fake dummy heads used by the inmates to trick the guards
Frank Morris was the inmate who created the escape plan. The Anglin brothers joined in after they heard his plan
The **June 1962 Alcatraz escape**  was a prison escape from Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary in San Francisco Bay. On June 11 or June 12, inmates Frank Morris and brothers John and Clarence Anglin were the ones who escaped from the prison. The three men were able to escape from their cells and leave the island in a raft. Allen West tried to leave with them but failed.

However it is unknown if Morris and the Aglin brothers escaped alive or drowned to death. The inmates who escaped created fake heads to trick the guards into thinking they were asleep in their cells. They also made a raft to escape.

In 1979, the FBI officially closed its investigation, saying that the men drowned in San Francisco Bay, while trying to reach land. However, the United States Marshals Service has continued to keep the escapees on its wanted list as many people reported to have seen them in Florida, Maryland and even Brazil.
Osip Mandelstam in 1914
**Osip Emilyevich Mandelstam** (also spelled **Mandelshtam**, Russian: Осип Эмильевич Мандельштам; January 15, 1891 – December 27, 1938) was a Russian poet and essayist.

Mandelstam photograph taken by the NKVD in 1938
Mandelstam was born in Warsaw, to a rich Jewish family. In 1900 Mandelstam entered the prestigious Tenishevsky school, which also counts Vladimir Nabokov and other significant figures of Russian (and Soviet) culture among its alumni. His first poems were printed in the school's almanac in 1907.

In April 1908 Mandelstam decided to enter the Sorbonne to study literature and philosophy, but he left the following year to attend the University of Heidelberg. In 1911, in order to continue education in the University of St. Petersburg, he converted to Methodism (which he did not practice) and entered the university the same year.

Mandelstam's poetry, acutely populist in spirit after the first Russian revolution, became closely associated with symbolist imagery, and in 1911 he and several other young Russian poets formed the "Poets' Guild" (Russian: Цех Поэтов, *Tsekh Poetov*), under the formal leadership of Nikolai Gumilyov and Sergei Gorodetsky.

In 1922 Mandelstam arrived in Moscow with his newlywed wife Nadezhda. At the same time his second book of poems, *Tristia*, was published in Berlin. For several years after that, he almost completely abandoned poetry, concentrating on essays, literary criticism, memoirs (*The Din Of Time*, Russian: Шум времени, *Shum vremeni*; Феодосия, *Feodosiya* – both 1925) and small-format prose (*The Egyptian Stamp*, Russian: Египетская марка, *Yegipetskaya marka* – 1928). As a day job, he translated (19 books in 6 years), then worked as a correspondent for a newspaper.

Mandelstam died in 1938 in prison.

Mandelstam's non-conformist, anti-establishment tendencies always simmered not far from the surface, and in the autumn of 1933 they broke through in the form of the famous "Stalin Epigram".

Bibliography
------------

* Osip Mandelstam: "Poems", chosen and translated by James Greene. Elek Books, 1977; revised and enlarged edition, Granada/Elek, 1980.
* Osip Mandelstam: The Noise of Time: Selected Prose (European Classics) (Paperback), translated by Clarence Brown Northwestern University Press; Reprint edition, 2002. ISBN 0-8101-1928-5
* Coetzee, J.M. "Osip Mandelstam and the Stalin Ode", *Representations*, No. 35, *Special Issue: Monumental Histories*. (Summer, 1991), pp. 72–83.
**Le'Ron McClain** (born December 27, 1984, named pronounced Lay-ron, as in lake) is an American former professional football fullback. He played for 7 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Baltimore Ravens, Kansas City Chiefs, and San Diego Chargers. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the fourth round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He played college football at Alabama. McClain spent the 2011 season with the Kansas City Chiefs. McClain has worn jersey numbers 37, 33, and 44 in his football career.

Early Years
-----------

He played high school football at Tuscaloosa County High School.

College
-------

McClain played fullback in college football for the University of Alabama during the 2003-2006 college seasons, wearing #33.

Professional career
-------------------

### Baltimore Ravens

McClain was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the 4th Round (137 overall) in the 2007 NFL Draft. McClain wore #37 as a rookie in 2007. He mostly blocked that year, but caught a receiving touchdown in a loss to the San Diego Chargers, who were actually McClain's future team.

In 2008, McClain was part of a "3-Headed Monster" that also included Ray Rice and Willis McGahee. McClain's role was larger that year. His best moment was probably when he ran for an 82-yard touchdown to seal a win against the Dallas Cowboys in Week 16, in the last game ever at Texas Stadium. McClain finished the year with 232 attempts, 902 rushing yards, and 11 total touchdowns as he was used more as a runningback.

McClain was used more as a fullback again during his last two seasons in Baltimore. McClain made it clear he wanted more carries, even selling t-shirts to campaign.

### Kansas City Chiefs

McClain signed with the Kansas City Chiefs. With the Chiefs, McClain hoped to become a featured ball carrier. However, he had only 15 rushing attempts for 51 yards and two total touchdowns.

### San Diego Chargers

McClain signed with the San Diego Chargers for the 2012 NFL season.

Other websites
--------------

* Le'Ron McClain at baltimoreravens.com
The **Centenary Medal** is an award given by the Australian Government in 2001. It was set up to celebrate the Centenary of Federation of Australia and to honour people who have made a contribution to Australian society or government. Possible winners were studied by a group headed by the historian Professor Geoffrey Blainey.

Design
------

### Award

The front of the medal has a seven-pointed Commonwealth Star, for the six Australian states, with the seventh point for Australia's territories. At the centre of the star is an image showing the Indigenous Australian traditions at the heart of the continent. Around the edge are 100 dots for 100 years of federation. The other side has a seven pointed star, with the words "For Contribution Made to Australian Society" around the edge.

### Bar and Ribbon

The colours in the ribbon are crimson, which represents federation, and blue and gold for the beginning of the 21st Century. The seven gold and red lines signify the states' pathways to federation. The bar and ribbon are the same so that a person with the award can be recognized easily.

Some medal winners
------------------

* Jack Brabham, motor sport
* Barry Marshall, Nobel Prize winner
**Demosthenes** (384–322 BC, Greek: Δημοσθένης, Dēmosthénēs) was a well-known Greek statesman and orator from ancient Athens. His speeches show the height of classical Athenian skill at speaking. They also show us lots about the politics and culture of ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Demosthenes learned rhetoric by studying the speeches of previous great orators. He delivered his first law court speeches when he was twenty. He argued effectively to gain from his guardians what was left of his inheritance. For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional speech-writer and a lawyer, writing speeches for use in private legal suits.

At the age of 21, Demosthenes took the job of the commander of warships in Athens.

Demosthenes grew interested in politics during the time he wrote speeches for others. In 354 BC he gave his first public political speeches. He went on to devote his most productive years to opposing Macedon's expansion. He idealized his city and tried throughout his life to restore Athens' supremacy and motivate the rest of the Athenians against Philip II of Macedon. He sought to preserve his city's freedom and to establish an alliance against Macedon, in an unsuccessful attempt to impede Philip's plans to expand his influence southwards by conquering all the Greek states. After Philip's death, Demosthenes played a leading part in his city's uprising against the new King of Macedon, Alexander the Great. However, his efforts failed and the revolt was met with a harsh Macedonian reaction. To prevent a similar revolt against his own rule, Alexander's successor, Antipater, sent his men to track Demosthenes down. Demosthenes took his own life, in order to avoid being arrested by Archias, Antipater's confidant.

The *Alexandrian Canon* compiled by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace recognized Demosthenes as one of the ten greatest Attic orators and speech writers. According to Longinus, Demosthenes "perfected to the utmost the tone of lofty speech, living passions, copiousness, readiness, speed". Cicero acclaimed him as "the perfect orator" who lacked nothing, and Quintilian extolled him as "lex orandi" ("the standard of oratory") and that "inter omnes unus excellat" ("he stands alone among all the orators").
***Diablo II*** is a fantasy action role-playing computer game. The game was created by Blizzard Entertainment. It sold more than 1 million copies in the first two weeks after its release. It has sold over 15 million copies worldwide. The developer is remaking the game, with graphical improvements et cetera, known as  ***Diablo 2: Resurrected*** .

Storyline and quests
--------------------

The game is divided into 4 acts. Each act is one part of the story. There are up to six quests in each act that must be completed before the player can go to the next act. The last quest is always the one where the player has to beat a boss. The bosses for each act are:

* Act I: Andariel
* Act II: Duriel
* Act III: Mephisto
* Act IV: Diablo

Quests are parts of the story where the player has to complete certain tasks in order to continue on with the game.

Gameplay
--------

### Characters Classes

The game has five different types (or classes) of characters to chose from. Each character has a set skill tree, which is listed below.

* Amazon - A bow and javelin using female character. She is good at attacking from a distance.
* Barbarian - A male fighter who is good with all weapons.
* Necromancer - A male magic user who uses the undead as his weapon.
* Paladin - A male holy warrior that uses both magic and weapons in a fight.
* Sorceress - A female magic user who uses the powers of Lightning, Fire and Ice.

### Leveling

To increase a characters level in *Diablo II*, the player must run the character around killing the monsters that appear in the different areas. Once a monster is defeated, it sometimes drops items or coins. When a monster is killed, it will not come back until the game is saved and started again. Each character has a certain amount of experience that they needs to gain before they can become the next level. This number depends upon what level the character is. The higher the level, the more experience is needed to level.

Characters gain bonuses when they level:

* Each character gets 5 points each level to increase their attributes. Players usually decide what to increase by what character class they are. Necromancers and Sorceresses tend to get more Energy than Strength and Defense, while Barbarians and Paladins tend to get the opposite.
* Each character gets 1 skill point each level to spend on a particular skill. Many players choose only one part of the skill tree to train in. That is the only one they put their skill points into. Others put their points into more than 1 of the skill trees listed above per character.

*Diablo II: Lord of Destruction* Expansion

* Adds Druid and assassin classes
* Adds Act 5

Related pages
-------------

* Diablo (video game)

Other websites
--------------

* Official Site Archived 2015-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
* The Arreat Summit Archived 2008-07-17 at the Wayback Machine, official Strategy Guide
* DiabloII.net - Diablo, Hellfire, Diablo II Fansite
**Occupy London** (also known as **Occupy London Stock Exchange**) was a peaceful protest and demonstration. The aims of the protest was to demand dialogue and to draw attention to several different issues such as the widening gap between rich and poor people in the UK as well as the great influence that companies and business groups have on decisions made by the UK government.

Location and History
--------------------

The protest was mostly found in a group of tents in the grounds of St Paul's Cathedral in London, United Kingdom. The Cathedral is just in front of the London Stock Exchange. The protest started on 15 October 2011 with the Occupy Wall Street protests in New York, United States. On 22 October 2011 another protest was set up in Finsbury Square which is about 1 km away. By June 2012 all the tents had gone.

Organisation and Events
-----------------------

The protesters are not part of a political party and they do not have a leader. They said they were protesting against an "unjust and undemocratic" system. They called for "real global democracy".

Gallery
-------

A wide picture of the protest outside St Paul's CathedralA wide picture of the protest outside St Paul's Cathedral
* Protesters at Occupy LondonProtesters at Occupy London
* Police at Occupy LondonPolice at Occupy London
* Protesters' tents.Protesters' tents.
**Fortney Hillman "Pete" Stark Jr.** (November 11, 1931 – January 24, 2020) was an American businessman and politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1973 to 2013. He served as a Democrat from California.

After 2010 redistricting, Stark campaigned for the 15th district seat in 2012, narrowly finished first in the primary but lost in the general election to fellow Democrat Eric Swalwell.

Stark had been the longest-serving member of Congress from California, serving continuously from January 3, 1973 through January 3, 2013.

Early life
----------

Stark was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was raised in San Francisco, California. He studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at the University of California, Berkeley.

Political career
----------------

In 1972, Stark moved to Oakland to run in the Democratic primary against 14-term incumbent U.S. Representative George Paul Miller of Alameda in what was then the 8th district. In the 1972 general election, he defeated Republican Lew Warden with 53% of the vote. He was re-elected a total of 18 times until loosing in the 2012 primaries to Eric Swalwell.

### 2007 Iraq War comment

On October 18, 2007, Stark made the following comments on the House floor during a debate with Congressman Joe Barton of Texas: 

> Republicans sure don't care about finding $200 billion to fight the illegal war in Iraq. Where are you going to get that money? Are you going to tell us lies like you're telling us today? Is that how you're going to fund the war? You don't have money to fund the war or children. But you're going to spend it to blow up innocent people if we can get enough kids to grow old enough for you to send to Iraq to get their heads blown off for the President's amusement.
> 
> 

Following the initial criticism to his statements, when asked by a radio station if he would take back any of his statements, Stark responded "Absolutely not. I may have dishonored the Commander-in-Chief, but I think he’s done pretty well to dishonor himself without any help from me."

Personal life
-------------

Stark revealed he was an atheist in 2007, which made him the first openly atheist member of Congress. In 1989, he married Carolyn Layton nee Wente. They divorced in 1991. He then married Deborah Roderick.

Stark died on January 24, 2020 at his home near Annapolis, Maryland of leukemia, aged 88.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Pete Stark***.

* Pete Stark for Congress *official campaign site*
* 

* Biography at the *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*

* Voting record maintained by *The Washington Post*

* Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission

Links formerly displayed via the CongLinks template:

* Congressional profile at GovTrack
* Congressional profile at OpenCongress
* Financial information (federal office) at OpenSecrets.org
The **Srebrenica massacre**, also known as the **Srebrenica genocide** (Bosnian: *Masakr u Srebrenici; Genocid u Srebrenici*), was the July 1995 genocide of 8,373 Bosniaks, mainly military-aged men and boys in and around the town of Srebrenica during the Bosnian War by the Army of Republika Srpska (the Serb Republic of Bosnia) instructed by Ratko Mladić. The Genocide is like the Armenian genocide by the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1917 and the Nazi Genocide known as the Holocaust from 1941 to 1945 during World War 2 in Nazi Germany (planned by the notorious Nazi SS Officer Reinhard Heydrich). The Bosnian genocide from 1992 to 1995 during the Yugoslav Wars when the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia started to collapse in 1992 after 47 year's of Communism since 1945 and since the death of Josip Broz Tito in 1980 just 35 year's after Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes or the Kingdom of Yugoslavia became a Communist State .

Some of the graves of the victimsThe memorial stone of the genocide.
In 2005, Kofi Annan, then Secretary-General of the United Nations, described the genocide as the worst crime against humanity in Europe since the Second World War.

In July 2015, Russia disliked a UN request that would have declare the Srebrenica massacre as a genocide. The Serbian Prime Minister at that time, Tomislav Nikolić, later thanked Russia for disliking said request, as it would paint Serbia up as a country of genocide. No further request by the UN has been attempted to declare it as a genocide since.