recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
The **superb fairy-wren** (*Malurus cyaneus*), also known as the **blue wren**, is a passerine bird of the family Maluridae. It is common and familiar across southeastern Australia. 

Each pair has a territory, also shows obvious sexual dimorphism. The male in breeding plumage has a striking bright blue forehead, ear coverts, mantle, and tail, with a black mask and black or dark blue throat. However, non-breeding males, females and juveniles are mostly grey-brown in colour. 

Like other fairy-wrens, it has several peculiar behavioural characteristics. The birds are socially monogamous but sexually promiscuous. They form pairs between one male and one female, but each partner will mate with other individuals and even assist in raising the young from such pairings. Male wrens pluck yellow petals and display them to females as part of a courtship display.

The superb fairy-wren can be found in almost any area that has at least a little dense undergrowth for shelter, including grasslands with scattered shrubs, moderately thick forest, woodland, heaths, and domestic gardens. It has adapted well to the urban environment and is common in suburban Sydney, Canberra and Melbourne. The superb fairy-wren eats mostly insects and supplements its diet with seeds.
A **zygote** is the fertilized cell that will grow into a new animal or plant. When a female's ovum and a male's sperm cell join, the cell that results is called the zygote. The zygote then multiplies, and grows into an embryo. So, a zygote is formed from the union of two gametes, and is the first stage in a human organism's development. Zygotes are produced by fertilization between two haploid cells, the ovum and the sperm cells, which make a diploid cell. Diploid cells have copies of both parents' chromosomes and DNA. At conception it has all the necessary properties to create a fully formed human being. Life until death is a series of many different stages of development. 

Some animals keep the zygote in their bodies until it is a full-grown baby. The time between the forming of the zygote and the baby's birth is called pregnancy. Other animals do not keep the zygote in their bodies, but lay an egg. The zygote grows inside the egg until it is ready and a larva or baby animal hatches.
Paul Cézanne, 1896-1898
**Onions** are plants in the genus, *Allium*. They are eaten as vegetables. Most species of onions have bulbs that people can eat. They have a strong flavour and a very distinctive smell.

Onions have been grown for a long time. They were probably first grown in Ancient Egypt, together with leek and garlic, but maybe earlier. Now, most of the world's cultures eat onions.

Cultivation
-----------

Farmers and gardeners can grow onions from seeds or from bulbs. If they plant seeds, they must later pull out most of the young plants so the rest can grow better. This is called 'thinning'. A different way to plant onions is to plant young bulbs. This is faster, but the onions that grow this way are weaker than the onions that started as seeds.

In food
-------

Onions can be eaten in different ways:

* Fried sliced or chopped onions are often served on hot dogs.
	+ Onion rings are sliced, the slices dipped in batter, and deep-fried so the batter is crisp and onion is cooked soft.
* Pickled onions are eaten as a relish with chips or with salad.
* Raw onions:
	+ Sliced (cut into flat layers) for hamburgers and sandwiches
	+ Chopped or minced fine in salads or as garnish on cooked foods
* Cooked in soups, stews and curries
* Roasted whole alongside roasted meat

Why onions make eyes water
--------------------------

When cutting an onion, the cells of the onion start to open. Then, some chemicals react. When one chemical floats through the air and reaches your eyes, they sting.
There are ways to keep the chemical away. You can:　

* Cut the onion under water
* Keep the onion in the fridge, and cut when it is cold
* Leave the root end on until last
* Use a sharper knife
* Have a fan blowing away from you on the onion
* Wear goggles, like for swimming or skiing

The ability of plants to deter or limit being eaten is called defence against herbivory.

Gallery
-------

* Two colours of onionTwo colours of onion
* Yellow OnionsYellow Onions
* Flower head of a yellow onionFlower head of a yellow onion
A cytomegalovirus also has an outer "envelope"
A **capsid** is the protein shell of a virus. It is made of several protein subunits. The observable 3-dimensional subunits are called 'capsomeres'. The capsid encloses the nucleic acid of the virus.

Capsids are broadly classified according to their structure. Some viruses, such as bacteriophages, have developed more complicated structures. The icosahedral shape, which has 20 equilateral triangular faces, approximates a sphere, while the helical shape is cylindrical. The capsid faces may consist of one or more proteins. For example, the foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid has faces consisting of three proteins called VP1–3.

Viral envelopes
---------------

Most viruses (e.g. influenza and many animal viruses) have viral envelopes covering their protein capsids. This means the capsid is coated with a lipid membrane.

The envelope is got by the capsid from an intracellular membrane in the virus' host; such as the inner nuclear membrane, the golgi membrane, or the cell's outer membrane.

The envelope may help viruses avoid the host immune system. Glycoproteins on the surface of the envelope bind to receptor sites on the host's membrane. The viral envelope then fuses with the host's membrane This allows the capsid and viral genome to enter and infect the host.
***A Dirty Shame*** is a 2004 satirical sex comedy movie. John Waters directed and wrote it. Tracey Ullman plays Sylvia. Selma Blair plays Caprice/Ursula. Patty Hearst plays Paige.

*A Dirty Shame* was released with an NC-17 rating by the MPAA. New Line Cinema was the distributor. It received mixed reviews.

Plot
----

The people of Harford Road (Maryland Route #147) are divided into two camps: puritanical people who hate anything even remotely sexual. There are also the perverts, a group of sexual addicts whose sexual fetishes have been brought to the fore.

A held back Sylvia Stickles finds herself as a puritan. One day, she leaves her promiscuous daughter Caprice locked up over the garage and under house arrest. Sylvia is smacked on the head by a passing car. She meets Ray-Ray Perkins, a local mechanic.

Through a series of bizarre head knockings, everyone in the Harford Area of Baltimore becomes a sex addict. Ray-Ray shoots semen from his head. He becomes the messiah of "Let's Go Sexin'".

Cast
----

* Tracey Ullman as Sylvia Stickles
* Johnny Knoxville as Ray-Ray Perkins
* Selma Blair as Caprice Stickles/"Ursula Udders"
* Chris Isaak as Vaughn Stickles
* Suzanne Shepherd as Big Ethel
* Mink Stole as Marge The Neuter
* Patricia Hearst as Paige
* Jackie Hoffman as Dora
* Wes Johnson as Fat Fuck Frank
* Paul DeBoy as Wendell Doggett
* Gaelan Alexander Connell as Horny kid
* Channing Wilroy as Male motorist
* Rosemary Knower as Female motorist
* Alan J. Wendl as Officer Alvin
* James Ransone as Dingy Dave
* David A. Dunham as Mama Bear
* Dave Moretti as Papa Bear
* Jeffrey Auerbach as Baby Bear
* Jewel Orem as Officer Loose Linda
* Jonas Grey as Warren the mailman
* David DeBoy as Dr. Arlington
* Doug Roberts as Driving neuter husband
* Mary Vivian Pearce as Nonjudgmental ex-sex addict
* Jean Hill as Woman at fire escape
* Ty Ford as the taxi cab driver
* Bob Adams as Bus passenger
* George Figgs (*uncredited*) as Neuter
* Ricki Lake (*cameo*) as herself
* David Hasselhoff (*cameo*) as himself

Production
----------

John Waters decided to make the movie when he found several sexual slang terms over the internet.

According to Waters, when he asked MPAA what he would have needed to cut from the movie before he could have it rated R, they said "after a while, we just stopped taking notes." It was simply released into theaters with an NC-17 rating.

It was shot entirely on location in Baltimore on the Harford Road.

Reception
---------

*A Dirty Shame* got mixed reviews from critics. Some liked or loved its unashamed vulgarity. Others, though, went against it for the same reason. On the Rotten Tomatoes, the approval rating is 53%, based on the reviews of 117 critics. On the Metacritic, the review for the movie is 56 out of 100, which means "mixed or average".
**Georges Méliès** (8 December 1861 – 21 January 1938) was a French makingn herarts. He led the way in the use of special effects, multiple exposures, time-lapse photography, dissolves, and hand-painted colour in his work. His movies include *Conquest of the Pole*, *A Trip to the Moon*, and *The Impossible Voyage*. These movies involve strange, surreal voyages, like those in Jules Verne's books. These movies are among the most important early science fiction movies. Méliès's *The Haunted Castle* is an early horror movie.

Life and work
-------------

Méliès was born in Paris, France in 1861. He liked drawing and playing with a puppet theater as a child. He went to the theater often as a young man. About 1888, Méliès bought the Théatre Robert-Houdin and worked there as a magician. He became obsessed with moviemaking after seeing a movie by Antoine Lumière in 1895. In May 1896, he acquired his own movie camera and set up a movie studio. At the end of 1896, he formed a new company, Star Film.

Méliès began making movies that were three to nine minute long. He wrote, designed, filmed, and acted in nearly all of his movies. He liked putting magic tricks into his movies. While filming a street scene one day, the camera stopped briefly. When Méliès looked at the movie later, he noticed that at the moment of the break, the bus he had been filming suddenly disappeared and new vehicles replaced it. Making items appear and disappear by stopping and starting the camera would become one of his most commonly used movie tricks. 

In 1902, Méliès produced his first masterpiece, *A Trip to the Moon*. It was inspired by several works of the time that speculated about life on the moon. H.G. Wells and Jules Verne wrote about space travel, for instance, and Offenbach composed an opera about a trip to the moon. *Trip* was a huge success in France. Méliès hoped to make a fortune showing it in the United States. Thomas Edison and other moviemakers made copies of *Trip* however, and made money on Méliès's work.

Gallery
-------

* The Sun swallows the spaceship in "The Impossible Voyage"The Sun swallows the spaceship in "The Impossible Voyage"
* Scene from "The One-Man Band"Scene from "The One-Man Band"
* Montreuil studioMontreuil studio
* Scene from CinderellaScene from *Cinderella*

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Georges Méliès***.

* Georges Méliès: A Brief Biography Archived 2012-11-16 at the Wayback Machine
* Encyclopedia of World Biography: Georges Méliès
**Scantron** is a company from Eagan, Minnesota, USA, that makes and sells machine-readable papers on which students mark answers to test questions, the machines to check those answers, survey and test scoring systems, systems for school attendance (with a mark meaning a missing student) and image-based data collection software and scanners.

Background
----------

A Scantron test scoring system is a multiple-choice, fill-in-the-bubble form. It can have different length and width, from one column, 15-answer tests, to several 8.5×11-inch pages used in standardized testing, such as the SAT and the ACT.

How it works
------------

Students often use Scantrons on finals, midterms, standardized tests, such as the SAT and ACT, etc. Students fill in the appropriate bubble corresponding to their answer. Scantrons are then fed through a machine that grades them. The Scantron is a very progressive form of grading. It eliminates human error on the grader's behalf, and takes much less time.

History
-------

The technology of this system dates back to the nineteenth century using optical mark recognition, telegraph lines, and punch tape. Students ranging from elementary school through college know how to use these forms. However, Learner Response Systems are becoming more popular in the college setting and may soon make scantrons a thing of the past.

Related pages
-------------

* Mark sense
* Tabulating machine
* Optical Mark Recognition
* Optical Character Recognition
* Course evaluation

Other websites
--------------

* Scantron
Minamoto no Yoritomo, the first shogun (1192–1199) of the Kamakura shogunate
Tokugawa Ieyasu
**Shogun** (将軍) is a military title in pre-Meiji period Japan. Shogun means *general* in the Japanese language. The full name was *Seii Taishogun* (Great General who fights against the Eastern savages and will win).

In the earlier times, Shogun were simply generals for emperors. The emperor had power over the shogun, choosing each shogun. Later however, the Shogun held much of the actual power. In 1192 a samurai, military leader Minamoto no Yoritomo got the title of Shogun from the last Emperor Go-Shirakawa. Excluding the later middle of the 16th century, Shogun was the real ruler of Japan.

The office of the Shogun is called the shogunate (*bakufu*, meaning *office in a tent*).- This is because Shogun had originally been military leaders and he had his office in a tent on a battle field.

There were three shogunates in Japan.

* Kamakura shogunate, 1192–1333, founded by Minamoto no Yoritomo
* Muromachi shogunate (also known as the Ashikaga shogunate), 1338–1573, founded by Ashikaga Takauji
* Edo shogunate (also known as the Tokugawa shogunate), 1602–1868, founded by Tokugawa Ieyasu

In 1868 the 15th Shogun of Tokugawa Shogunate, Tokugawa Yosinobu gave up his office. Then the time of Shogun rule ended. It was the end of the feudal time of Japan.

Other websites
--------------

* How to (say, in Japanese, or) pronounce. Japanese English 101, on Youtube.com
LXXVTS 10a (*LXX 8HevXII a*)
**8HevXII a** (originally marked **LXXVTS 10a**; **Rahlfs 943a**) is a Septuagint manuscript that containing the biblical books of minor prophets. This is a manuscript in scroll form dated to the 1st century. It was found in the Judean Desert in the cave number 8 of Nahal Hever. This fragment is also marked with number 943a on the list of Septuagint manuscripts according to Alfred Rahlfs classification.

This scroll contains the name of God YHWH in the following places: Jon 4:2; Mic 1:1, 3; Mic 4:4, 5, 7; Mic 5:4, 4; Hab 2:14, 16, 20; Hab 3:9; Zep 1:3, 14; Zep 2:10; Zec 1:3, 3, 4; Zec 3:5, 6, 7.

This manuscript was published in *Supplements to Vetus Testamentum*, Vol. X, in 1963. The original designation of the scroll comes from the abbreviated name of the publication in which it was published (LXX - manuscript of the Septuagint; Vetus Testamentum, Supplements; volume X).

This manuscript is kept in the Rockefeller Museum in Jerusalem (8HevXII a).

Bibliography
------------

* Tov, Emanuel (1990). *The Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever (8HevXIIgr) (The Seiyâl Collection I). With the Collaboration of R.A. Kraft and a Contribution by P.J. Parsons*. Discoveries in the Judean Desert. Vol. 8. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0198263272.
* Würthwein, Ernst (1963). *Supplements to Vetus Testamentum*. Vol. 10. Leiden. pp. 170–178.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
**Niihau** (or **Niʻihau**) is the smallest of the inhabited islands of Hawaii, in the United States. It has a land area of 70 sq. miles (184 km2). It is the oldest of the eight main islands.

Ownership
---------

The whole island is owned by the Robinson family. They bought it from the Kingdom of Hawaii for $10,000. It was said that the buyer, Elizabeth Sinclair (later Sinclair-Robinson), liked the island better than other places such as Waikiki, Pearl Harbor, and the island of Lanai. There is a small US Navy base where a few Navy people work.

Inhabitants
-----------

The island has fewer than a hundred permanent inhabitants. Almost all of them are native Hawaiians. They support themselves largely with small family farms. Many work for the ranch owned by the Robinsons. The native Hawaiians lead a rural, low-tech life. They speak the Hawaiian language and keep traditions alive. This is because Ms. Sinclair promised to help preserve Hawaiian culture and tradition when she bought the island. Niihau is the only one of the Hawaiian islands where the Hawaiian language is the main language.

Tourism
-------

Niihau is also known as the "Forbidden Island". This is due to the fact that until recently, the island was off-limits to all but family members, US Navy personnel, government officials and expressly invited guests. Now, tourists can go on one of a limited number of supervised tours or hunting safaris.

Beaches
-------

On the beaches of the island are found shells which are the only shells to be classified as gems. Niihau shells and the jewelry made from them are very popular. Many, especially those with darker and richer color, are collectors items. The sale of shells and shell jewelry brings extra money for the local people.

| * v
* t
* e
State of Hawaii |
| --- |
| **Honolulu** (capital) |
| Topics | 
* Geography
	+ Seamount
* Government
* ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Language)
	+ USS *Arizona*

 | Seal of Hawaii |
| Society | 
* Culture
* Demographics
* Economy
* Education

 |
| Main islands | 
* Hawaiʻi
* Kahoʻolawe
* Kauaʻi
* Lānaʻi
* Maui
* Molokaʻi
* Niʻihau
* Oʻahu

 |
| Communities | 
* Hilo
* Honolulu
* Kahului
* Kāneʻohe
* Līhuʻe
* Pearl City
* Waipahu

 |
| Counties | 
* Hawaiʻi
* Honolulu
* Kalawao
* Kauaʻi
* Maui

 |

| * v
* t
* e
Islands, municipalities, and communities of Kauai County, Hawaii, United States |
| --- |
| County seat: **Lihue** |
| CDPs | 
* Anahola
* ʻEleʻele
* Hāʻena
* Hanalei
* Hanamaulu
* Hanapepe
* Kalaheo
* Kalihiwai
* Kapaʻa
* Kaumakani
* Kekaha
* Kīlauea
* Koloa
* Lawai
* Lihue
* Omao
* Pakala Village
* Poipu
* Princeville
* Puhi
* Wailua
* Wailuā Homesteads
* Waimea
* Wainiha

 | Map of Hawaii highlighting Kauai County |
| Othercommunities | 
* Halehomaha
* Kealia
* Kupolo
* Niihau
* Puʻuwai

 |

| Authority control Edit this at Wikidata |
| --- |
| International | 
* VIAF

 |
| National | 
* Germany
* Israel
* United States

 |
**Helen Dixon** is the Irish *Commissioner for data protection*.

Dixon was appointed as head of the Irish Data Protection Commission in September 2014. Before that, from November 2002 to 2019 she was *Registrar of Companies* within the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Innovation, where she had been working since 2009.

Dixon has been educated at the University of Ulster (Applied languages: French and English), University College Dublin (master in European economics and public affairs), 'Law Society of Ireland', 'Griffith College Dublin' (postgraduate computer sciences) and Queen's University Belfast (master in government affairs and law). In 2014 she obtained the diploma 'official statistics' at the NUI.

Dixon has grown the workforce on the Irish Privacy Commission from 30 employees since the beginning of the 21st century to 200 employees by the end of 2018 she also was a queen of selfies

Other websites
--------------

* LinkedIn[*permanent dead link*]
* Helen Dixon, dataprotection.ie
* GDPR Helen Dixon, New York Times
* De Morgen article
**Pansori** is a Korean traditional narrative song that one sorikkun, a singer, weaves a story with chang (song), aniri (descriptive speech), and nurumsae (motion). The name of the song is also known as gapga, bonsaga, changga in Chinese, but it is called pansori in Korean. The term pansori first appeared in 'Mae-il Shin bo' (the name of the newspaper in 1910s in Korea) in 1913. Pansori is a performing art which one sorikkun, and one gosu (a drummer playing a barrel drum called buk) sing a song of a long story to the audience. 'Pan' in pansori means 'a place where many people gather', and 'sori' means 'sound'. Pansori represents voluntariness and impromptu which are the characteristics of Korean traditional music. For example, before Heung-rok Song period it had been orally narrated without any exact scripts by extemporarily inserting songs handed down orally and witty remarks into the stories taught by a master.

Characteristics
---------------

Pansori is a professional art which requires sorikkun to have a high level of singing skill. Also, it is a performing art because one singer takes roles of various characters in a story. Music, literature, and play are the key elements that coexist in pansori. It was established as an independent performing art by associating with many adjacent genres of Korean traditional music such as Minyo, Mooga (songs that shamans sing in a performance of exorcism), Sijo, Japga (a folk music sung by common people during the latter part of Joseon dynasty), and Gasa. It is also the only genre that started with popular arts and led to ethnic arts in Korea.

Ba-tang sori and Toe-mak sori
-----------------------------

There is an opinion that in the traditional society Pansori indicated Ba-tang sori (a song that includes the whole story) and if a singer sang certain parts of a story, usually famous parts, it was called just 'sori'. Today if a singer sings a full story, it is called Ba-tang sori whereas, if a singer sing just some parts of the story, the sori is called Toe-mak sori or Ma-di sori. Toe-mak sori was mainly sung by sorikkun in the 20th century. However, after Dong-Jin Park, a famous male sorikkun, sang the full story of Heungbuga for five hours in 1968, many sorikkun tried to sing Ba-tang sori which requires sorikkun more efforts to sing.

Related pages
-------------

* Pungmul
*Platycephalichthys*
**Tristichopteridae** is a family of tetrapodomorphs from the Middle and Late Devonian. Some of them share some of the features of the elpistostegalians. The most well-known is probably the *Eusthenopteron*.

A classic notion is that *Eusthenopteron* was able to crawl onto land using its fins. However, no evidence believes this and is believed by many to be false.

Description
-----------

These fish were large, and some species could exceed three meters. The smallest forms (*Tristichopterus*) attained lengths of 30 cm, and the largest forms (*Hyneria*) could grow several meters long.

The pelvis had long, tapering pubic branches that met in a cartilaginous symphysis. The ventral fins contained the femur, tibia, and fibula. The lobed pectoral fins were usually robust. Tristichopterids had large, flat heads with sharp teeth.

Taxonomy
--------

* *Cabonnichthys*
* *Canningius*
* *Edenopteron*
* *Eusthenodon*
* *Eusthenopteron*
* *Heddleichthys*
* *Hyneria*
* *Jarvikina*
* *Langlieria*
* *Mandageria*
* *Notorhizodon*
* *Platycephalichthys*
* *Tristichopterus*

Comparisons of the skulls of three members of the Tristichopteridae: A, B, C, *Edenopteron*; D, *Eusthenodon*, E. *Cabonnichthys*; F, *Mandageria*.

Phylogeny
---------

The following phylogeny does not include *Platycephalichthys*:

|  |
| --- |
| ?†*Devonosteus proteus* Jaekel 1927 |
|  |
|  | ?†*Callistipterus clappi* |
|  |
|  | ?†*Heddleichthys dalgleisiensis* Anderson 1859 |
|  |
|  | ?†*Hyneria lindae* Thomson 1968 |
|  |
|  | ?†*Langlieria socqueti* (Clément et al. 2009) |
|  |
|  | ?†*Litoptychius bryanti* Vorobyeva 1977 |
|  |
|  | ?†*Notorhizodon mackelveyi* Young, Long & Ritchie 1992 |
|  |
|  | †*Spodichthys buetler* Jarvik 1985 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | †*Tristichopterus alatus* Egerton 1861 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | †*Eusthenopteron* Whiteaves 1881 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | †*Jarvikina wenjukowi* (Rohon 1889) Vorobyeva 1977 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | †*Cabonnichthys burnsi* Ahlberg & Johanson 1997 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | †*Mandageria fairfaxi* Johanson & Ahlberg 1997 |
|  |
|  | †*Eusthenodon* Jarvik 1952 |

 |

 |

 |

 |

 |

Some images
-----------

Here is a gallery of a few members of the Tristichopteridae:

*Eusthenodon*
*Hyneria*
*Edenopteron*
*Eusthenopteron*
This is a Korean name; the family name is *Kim*.
**André Kim** (August 24, 1935 – August 12, 2010) was a South Korean fashion designer based in Seoul, South Korea. He is known mainly for his evening and wedding gown collections.

Career
------

Kim, whose real name is Kim Bong Nam, is one of fashion designers in South Korea. He has achievements in Korean fashion, and International fashion. New York Times and Herald Tribune in London described him as 'A pioneer in Korean fashion' and 'Alive fashion hero'. 

Kim became the Korea’s first male fashion designer as he opened his fashion shop in 1962 and since that time he attracted public attention by designing a wedding dress of Um Aeng Ran, who was a top star at that time, and designing many clothes like uniforms of the Korean athletes for the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Furthermore, not only did he hold a fashion show in Paris as the first South Korean in 1966 but also he held a lot of fashion shows in many places such as New York[*disambiguation needed*], Washington DC, Beijing and Sydney. Also, he was in the spotlight of the world because he became the world's first fashion designer to hold a fashion show in front of pyramids and Angkor Wat temple.

Since 2002 Kim has expanded his business into not only design fields such as children's wear and golf coat but also various fields like cosmetics and jewelry. He was active in his work even before he died on August 12, 2010, because of the pneumonia and colorectal cancer at age 74.

Fashion Styles
--------------

There are many characteristics that André Kim has in his fashion shows and styles. One of them is wedding finale, which is representative symbol as a bride and groom wearing wedding gowns confront each other. Kim sticks to a design that emphasizes woman's elegance and tries to apply Korean traditional pattern. Moreover, he always emphasizes white color. To be specific, the clothes that he designed are white as well as the things that he uses, such as furniture and cars, are also white. Moreover, he wears only white clothes regardless of the situation, even when he sleeps and takes a rest.

Other websites
--------------

* Official website
**Enheduanna** (born **Birth name disputed**; c. 23rd century BC) was a Akkadian priestess and poetess who is best known for writing her only known work, *The Exaltation of Inanna*, from a first person perspective. She is also much less known for being the first known priestess in the Akkadian Empire. She is celebrated as the first known person to write from a first person perspective. She is often mistakenly thought to be the first known writer.

A ancient portrait of Enheduanna.

Biography
---------

Enheduanna was the daughter of Sargon of Akkad, who was the emperor and the founder of the Akkadian Empire. Her real birth name is rather disputed. When she grew up, Enheduanna became the priestess of the Akkadian Empire (She was the first known priestess in the Akkadian Empire), in which she likely inherited the title *Enheduanna*. Enheduanna was the priestess of the godess Nanna. Enheduanna was highly likely not her birth name. Given her role as a priestess to the godess Nanna, Enheduanna would have served as the embodiment of Ningal, who was said to be the spouse of Nanna. This would have given her actions divine authority. Modern-day archaeologists never found out what were the duties of Akkadian priests and/or priestesses.

During the rebellion of Lugal-Ane
---------------------------------

Towards the end of the reign of Narām-Sîn, Sargon of Akkad's grandson, numerous former city-states began to rebel against the Akkadian Empire. Probably around several decades before that, according to Enheduanna's poem *The Exaltation of Inanna*, a person by the name of Lugal-Ane became the new ruler of Ur. As the new ruler, Lugal-Ane, believing that Nanna was not a proper or right goddess, and made her an unofficial god of the city. Lugal-Ane probably went to Enheduanna (being the priestess) and probably demanded to her that he be crowned official ruler of Ur. When she refused, Enheduanna was suspended from her job as a priestess and was expelled from Ur. According to ancient temple records, Enheduanna later found refuge in Ĝirsu. Enheduanna most likely wrote the poem dedicated to Inanna, to intervene on the behalf of the Akkadian Empire, and to put an end to the rule and rebellion of Lugal-Ane. At last, Narām-Sîn put an end to the rule and rebeilion of Lugal-Ane and other kings, and restored the Akkadian Empire in the remaining years of his reign. It has been suggested that when Enheduanna learned that Nāram-Sîm put an end to the rule and rebellion of Lugal-Ane and other kings and restored the Akkadian Empire, she may have returned back to Ur, and may have resumed to her role as a priestess.

Related pages
-------------

* Kušim
**Dawlat al-Islam Qamat** (Arabic: دَوْلَة اُلْإِسْلَامِ قَامَتْ, lit. 'The Islamic State Has Been Established'), also called in English **My Ummah, Dawn Has Appeared** (Arabic: أُمَّتِي قَدْ لَاحَ فَجْرٌ, romanized: *Ummatī qad la-hā fajrūn*) is a jihadi song which became the unofficial anthem of ISIL. The song was released in December 2013 and became their most popular song in Syria. The American magazine *The New Republic* said it was the most famous song of the year 2014.

  

The song is a capella song excluding the sounds of a sword, feet stomping, and gunfire. The song was made by Ajnad Media Foundation which makes most of ISIL's songs. The song has also been used alongside speeches by the Nigerian ISIL affiliate Boko Haram by their leader Abu Umaimata (ra).

Other language versions
-----------------------

In the year 2015, one of ISIL's other media agencies (Al-Hayat Media Center) released a Chinese version called, *We are the Mujahid* (Chinese: 我們是聖戰士), a chorus that is 4 minutes long with a singer with a Uyghur accent.
Christopher Walken in 2008
**Ronald Walken** (born March 31, 1943), simply known as **Christopher Walken**, is an American movie, television, and theatre actor. He is best known for playing evil or mentally damaged characters. He has sometimes used that image for comedic effect. He was born in Queens, New York to a German father and Scottish-born mother. Walken has been married to casting director Georgianne Walken since 1969.

Walken is a skilled dancer who in many of his movies dances, because he requests it. He has been in nearly one hundred movies and television shows since 1953, including *The Dead Zone* (1983), *Brainstorm* (1983), *A View to a Kill* (1985), *Batman Returns* (1992) *True Romance* (1993), *Pulp Fiction* (1994), *Nick of Time* (1995), *Mousehunt*, (1997), Catch Me If You Can *(2002),* Around the Bend *(2004) and* The Jungle Book *(2016). He was George Lucas' second choice for Han Solo after Harrison Ford.*

He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in *The Deer Hunter* (1978) where he played a disturbed Vietnam veteran with Robert De Niro. He was nominated again in 2002 for *Catch Me if You Can*. 

Walken has been guest host on Saturday Night Live many times. He has played many well known characters on that show.

Other websites
--------------


Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: ***Christopher Walken***

* Christopher Walken on IMDb
* Christopher Walken biography Archived 2009-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
* The online Christopher Walken fan club
* *Walken Works* – A Christopher Walken film review site
* Christopher Walken Fan Forum Includes news updates on Walken's activities
* Hoax "Walken 2008" presidential campaign website
Restoration of *Orthocormus cornutus*
***Orthocormus*** is an extinct, prehistoric pachycormiform. It is known from three species found in Late Jurassic fossil deposits in Bavaria, Germany.

Description
-----------

This fish had a pointed rostrum, consisting of the rostrodermetmoid bone. It was also equipped with two large straight and sharp teeth. The rest of the jaws were armed with small conical teeth, although the others had sharp teeth at the front of the jaw.

Classification
--------------

### Discovery

*Orthocormus* was first described in 1930, based on fossils found in Bavaria in the Solnhofen deposit.

### Species

*Orthocormus* has three recognized species:

* *Orthocormus cornutus* Weitzel, 1930 (type species)
* *Orthocormus roeperi* Arratia & Schultze, 2013
* *Orthocormus teyleri* Lambers, 1988

Some images
-----------

Another restoration of *Orthocormus cornutus*, a pachycormid fish
Fossil of *Orthocormus cornutus*
Fossil of *Orthocormus teyleri*

Related pages
-------------

* Triggerfish
* Euthynotus
* Pachycormus (fish)

Further reading
---------------

* Arratia, Gloria; Schultze, Hans-Peter (2013). "Outstanding features of a new Late Jurassic pachycormiform fish from the Kimmeridgian of Brunn, Germany and comments on current understanding of pachycormiforms". *Mesozoic Fishes 5 - Global Diversity and Evolution Editors: Gloria Arratia, Hans-Peter Schultze, Mark V. H. Wilson*. Verlag Dr. F. Pfeil: 87–120.
* "Pachycormiformes". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved November 11, 2012.

Other websites
--------------

* Media related to *Orthocormus* at Wikimedia Commons
A French Resistance fighter
At the end of the war, members of the Resistance, like this man with a Sten Mk II gun, fought alongside Allied troops to take control of France away from Nazi Germany.
The **French Resistance** was a group of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German military occupation in France during World War II (1939–1945). Resistance cells were small groups of armed men and women who killed German soldiers, published secret newspapers, collected information about the German army, and helped Allied soldiers and pilots who were trapped in France to get back to Great Britain. The men and women of the Resistance came from all levels of society and different religions.

The Allied armies helped the French Resistance by giving them guns and explosives. It was very dangerous to be a member of the French Resistance. Members who were caught by the Germans were often tortured and killed. When the Resistance killed a German officer, sometimes the Nazi army would kill large numbers of innocent civilians as a punishment.

The French Resistance helped the Allied armies to advance through France in 1944. After the invasion of Normandy on 6 June 1944, and the invasion of Provence on 15 August, they gave the Allies information about the German defenses. The Resistance also sabotaged the electrical power grid, transportation methods, and telecommunications networks. During the Nazi occupation of France, the resistance was an inspiring example of patriotic behavior and bravery.

When the war was over, the Resistance executed about 9,000 French people who were working to help the Nazis. This included many members of the Milices, a fascist organization that helped Nazi Germany.
}}

Structure of the University Hospital BonnStructure of the University Hospital Bonn
The **University Hospital Bonn** is a large teaching hospital in Bonn with more than 1306 beds. More than 8,500 people work there.

History
-------

At the same time as the Prussians started the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn in 1818, the first professors and clinics were started for internal medicine, surgery and obstetrics, among others. Because they needed more space, these clinics moved to new buildings on Theaterstraße in the area of today's Beethovenhalle during the German Empire.

After World War II, the hospital moved to a large area on the Venusberg in the middle of the Kotten Forest, and now only the Forensic Medicine Institute, the Diamorphine Outpatient Clinic, the Preclinical Institutes and the Dental Clinic remain in the city outside the Venusberg campus. Since 2001, Bonn University Hospital has been independent with its own supervisory board. It is managed by a five-member board of directors. Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. mult. Wolfgang Holzgreve, MBA, has been chairman of the board since 2012.
The Riot ActFirst page of the Riot Act 1714, first edition (London, 1715), with heading (caption title) "An Act for Preventing Tumults and Riotous Assemblies, and for the more speedy and effectual Punishing the Rioters", one of six copies known; English Short-Title Catalogue (ESTC.BL.uk) no. N53655
The **Riot Act** (1 Geo. 1. St. 2. c. 5), sometimes called the **Riot Act 1714** or the **Riot Act 1715**, was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain. It gave local authorities power to declare any group of 12 or more people to be unlawfully assembled and order them to disperse or be punished. The act's full title was "An Act for preventing tumults and riotous assemblies, and for the more speedy and effectual punishing the rioters". It came into force on 1 August 1715. It was repealed in England and Wales by section 10(2) and Part III of Schedule 3 of the Criminal Law Act 1967. Acts like it were part of the laws of British colonies in Australia and North America, some of which remain in force today.

The phrase "read the riot act" means a warning of consequences.

It was introduced during a time of riots in England. The preamble makes reference to "many rebellious riots and tumults [that] have been [taking place of late] in diverse parts of this kingdom", adding that those involved "presum[e] so to do, for that the punishments provided by the laws now in being are not adequate to such heinous offences".

The text of the Riot ActThe full Riot Act 1714. The lower part contains the proclamation that was to be read aloud.

### Proclamation of riotous assembly

Local officials could make an announcement ordering the dispersal of any group of twelve or more people who were "unlawfully, riotously, and tumultuously assembled together". If the group failed to disperse within one hour, then anyone remaining gathered was guilty of a felony without benefit of clergy, punishable by death. This could be made in an incorporated town or city by the mayor, bailiff or "other head officer", or a justice of the peace. Elsewhere it could be made by a justice of the peace or the sheriff, undersheriff or parish constable. It had to be read out to the gathering concerned and had to follow precise wording detailed in the act; several convictions were overturned because some words had been left out, in particular "God save the King".

The wording that had to be read out to the assembled gathering was as follows:

> Our sovereign lord the King chargeth and commandeth all persons, being assembled, immediately to disperse themselves, and peaceably to depart to their habitations, or to their lawful business, upon the pains contained in the act made in the first year of King George, for preventing tumults and riotous assemblies. God save the King.
> 
> 

In a number of jurisdictions, such as Britain, Canada and New Zealand, these words were put in the law itself. In New Zealand's Crimes Act 1961, section 88, repealed since 1987, was specifically given the heading of "Reading the Riot Act".
The **Tech** (Catalan: *Tec*) is a river in southeastern France, close to the French-Spanish border. It runs through a valley in the department of the Pyrénées-Orientales, in the former Roussillon. Its drainage basin is the southernmost river basin of Metropolitan France.

The river gives its name to two *communes* in the department: Le Tech and Arles-sur-Tech.

Geography
---------

The source of the Tech is on the eastern side of Roc Colom in the Pyrenees at an elevation of 2,345 metres (7,694 feet), in the *commune* of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste.

It flows generally from southwest to northeast, first through the valley of Vallespir just to Ceret, and then through the Plain of Rosillon.

The Tech flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the Natural Reserve of Mas Larrieu, also called "Mouth of the Tech", to the north of the town of Argelès-sur-Mer.

The Tech river is 84.1 kilometres (52.3 miles) long and its drainage basin has an area of approximately 721 square kilometres (278 square miles). The basin is composed of two areas that are quite different:

1. An area of mountains, from the source to the town of Ceret, with forests on the mountains.
2. A flat area, from Ceret to the sea. Here the river flows through the Plain de Rosillon with many farms where different crops are grown.

The flow of the Tech river was observed over a period of 38 years (1979-2013) in Argelès-sur-Mer, touristic town near the mouth of the river.

The discharge of the river at this location is 8.54 cubic metres (302 cubic feet) per second.

Both the valley of the Tech and its mouth are part of Natura 2000, an ecological network of protected areas in the European Union.

Mouth of the Tech in the Mediterranean Sea

Tributaries
-----------

The Tech has 22 tributaries; the longest tributaries are:

* Right tributaries:
	+ Lamanère, 15.7 kilometres (9.8 miles)
	+ Maureillas, 16.1 kilometres (10.0 miles)
	+ Tanyari, 13.3 kilometres (8.3 miles)
* Left tributaries
	+ Coumelade, 15 kilometres (9.3 miles)
	+ Riuferrer, 17.7 kilometres (11.0 miles)
	+ Ample, 15.7 kilometres (9.8 miles)

Cantons along the river
-----------------------

Communes in the Pyrénées-Orientales traversed by the Tech.
The Tech is entirely in the department of Pyrénées-Orientales. It crosses two *arrondissements*, six *cantons* and 25 *communes*. The two *arrondissements* are Céret and Perpignan.

As for the *cantons*, the Tech has its source in the *canton* of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste, and then flows through the *cantons* of Arles-sur-Tech, Canton Ceret, Thuir Canton, Canton Elne and finally Argelès-sur-Mer.

Landmark
--------

The **Pont del Diable** ("Devil's bridge") or **Pont Vieux** ("Old bridge") at Céret over the river Tech.

Gallery
-------

* Salt de Maria Valenta fall, Arles-sur-TechSalt de Maria Valenta fall, Arles-sur-Tech
* Confluence of the Coumelade and the TechConfluence of the Coumelade and the Tech
* Le Tech river, CéretLe Tech river, Céret
* Le Pont du Diable (The Devil's bridge), CéretLe Pont du Diable (The Devil's bridge), Céret
**Peter Dennis Blandford "Pete" Townshend** (born 19 May 1945) is an English rock musician, songwriter and author best known as the founder of the band The Who.

Beginning in 1961, he studied graphic design at Ealing Art College. At Ealing, Townshend studied with future Rolling Stones guitarist Ronnie Wood and future Queen singer Freddie Mercury.

Townshend is the primary songwriter for The Who and has written over one hundred songs for the band's eleven studio albums including the rock operas "Tommy" and "Quadrophenia" and the popular rock radio staple "Who's Next." Although known mainly as a guitarist he is also an accomplished singer and keyboard player and has played many other instruments including: banjo, accordion, bass guitar and drums.

Townshend has also written many newspaper and magazine articles, books, book reviews, essays and scripts. Townshend was ranked #3 in Dave Marsh's list of best guitarists in "The New Book of Rock Lists" and #50 in Rolling Stone Magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time."

Townshend in 2007 at the Who concert at the Verizon Center in Washington, D.C.
Cazimierz Funk, also known as Kasimir Funk, was a Polish biochemist. He proposed the idea of vitamins in 1912, which he initially called "vital amines" or "vitamines."

Achievements
------------

After reading an article by a Dutchman named Christiaan Eijkman, which said that people who ate brown rice were less likely to get beri-beri compared to those who only ate fully milled rice, a scientist named Funk tried to find the specific substance responsible for this. He was successful and named it "vitamine" because it contained an amine group. It was later called vitamin B3 (niacin), even though he initially thought it would be vitamin B1 (thiamine) and described it as the "anti-beri-beri-factor. 

In 1912, he suggested the existence of at least four vitamins: one to prevent beriberi, one for scurvy, one for pellagra, and one for rickets. He later published a book called "The Vitamines" in 1912 and received a research fellowship.

Funk also suggested that other diseases like rickets, pellagra, coeliac disease, and scurvy could also be treated with vitamins. He was one of the early researchers to investigate pellagra, attributing it to changes in the corn milling process, although his findings were largely ignored.

The "e" in "vitamine" was removed when it was realized that vitamins don't have to be nitrogen-containing amines.

He suggested there are other essential nutrients, which we now call vitamins B1, B2, C, and D.

In 1936, he figured out the structure of thiamine, but he wasn't the first to isolate it.

Funk also studied hormones, diabetes, peptic ulcers, and cancer biochemistry.

After coming back to the United States, he became the president of the Funk Foundation for Medical Research in 1940. In his later years, he focused on understanding the causes of cancers.

Funk Award
----------

The Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America (PIASA) gives an award called the Casimir Funk Natural Sciences Award each year to outstanding Polish-American scientists. Previous winners of this award have included notable individuals like Nobel Laureate Roald Hoffmann, Aleksander Wolszczan, Hilary Koprowski, Peter T. Wolczanski, Wacław Szybalski, Zbyszek Darzynkiewicz, and Benoit Mandelbrot.
Nagham Nawzat in 2016 with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry
**Nagham Nawzat Hasan** (Arabic: نغم نوزات حسن ) or **Nagham Nawzat** is a doctor from Iraq. In 2015 she received the International Women of Courage Award.

Nagham Nawzat Hasan is a Kurdish Yazidi gynecologist. She works with Yazidi girls who were kidnapped by the Islamic State (ISIS).

After the city of Sinjar fell in 2014, ISIL killed many Yezidi men and enslaved many Yezidi women. Hasan rescued many Yezidi girls. She gave psychological and medical help. She visits Yezidi people in refugee camps to encourage girls to visit her clinic. She started a program against sexual abuse called "*I am Yezidi – I am against harassment.*"

Awards
------

* Solidar Human Rights Silver Rose award, 2016.
* International Women of Courage Award, 2016.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Nagham Nawzat***.

* 2016 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr
* Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)