recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Wernicke's area** is an area of the brain. It is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex linked to speech (the other is Broca's area). It is involved in the production of written and spoken language. 

It is in Brodmann area 22, in the dominant cerebral hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is the left in about 95% of right handed individuals, and 60% of left handed individuals.

As with Broca's area, Wernicke's area was discovered by autopsies of patients who had speech difficulties. Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist, had a patient who could speak quite well, but was unable to understand the speech of others. After the patient's death, Wernicke found damage to an area at the upper portion of the temporal lobe, just behind the auditory cortex. He thought, correctly, that this area was responsible for speech comprehension. This kind of aphasia is known as Wernicke's aphasia, or receptive aphasia.

"When you ask a person with this problem a question, they will respond with a sentence that is more or less grammatical, but which contains words that have little to do with the question or, for that matter, with each other. Strange, meaningless, but grammatical sentences come forth, a phenomenon called "word salad".  
Like Broca's area is not just about speech production, Wernicke's is not just about speech comprehension. People with Wernicke's aphasia also have difficulty naming things, often responding with words that sound similar, or the names of related things, as if they are having a very hard time with their mental dictionaries".
Despite the fact that Broca's and Wernicke's areas are in different lobes, they are quite near each other. They are connected by a tract of nerves called the *arcuate fascilicus*, and by another recently discovered tract.
*For a general discussion of mental capacity, see Intelligence*
**Mental capacity** in law is a term used to describe a person's ability to make decisions for themselves and to understand what those decisions will mean for them.

Sometimes, people who are unwell, such as those with illnesses which affect their memory (Alzheimer's disease or Dementia), those with learning difficulties, or who have mental health problems, may find themselves in a position where their ability to make decisions for themselves is questioned. This may be because they do not understand that what they are doing is not good for them; they do not realise that it might make them ill or get them into trouble.

People can also lack capacity if they are unable to communicate in any way; for example, if they're in a coma or if they have severe brain damage. In this case, it may be necessary for someone else, such as an advocate or a Judge to make decisions for them by making a court order.

In some countries, like the United Kingdom, laws exist which tell those working with people whose capacity might be in doubt, what they must do and how to decide if someone is capable of making their own decisions. In the UK, this law is called the Mental Capacity Act (2005). It lists 5 rules which must be used as a guide; in simple terms, they are:

1. **You must presume a person has capacity, unless it can be proved otherwise.**
2. **Whenever you can, help a person to make their own decisions.**
3. **Just because a person makes a bad decision, it doesn't mean they can't make decisions.**
4. **If you have to make a decision for someone who doesn't have capacity, it must be what's best for them.**
5. **Any treatment or care for someone without capacity, should not take away their rights and freedom anymore than it needs to.**

This law also allows people who have capacity, to pick someone else to make their decisions for them, in the case that they can't do it themselves.

Supposing a person is unable to make decisions for themselves, what happens then? In the UK (and many other countries) there is a legal framework to make sure no-one takes advantage of the said person. It often consists of a physician or psychiatrist dealing with the person in question, a solicitor representing the person, and a solicitor representing the "public interest" (the state). Meetings are held at agreed times, say once every three months. The purpose is to make sure that decisions taken are in the person's interest.
The **tarsiers** are prosimian (non-monkey) primates. They got their name from the long bones in their feet. They are now placed together with the simians (monkeys).

They live in trees, and are entirely nocturnal. Tarsiers are the only primates which are wholly carnivorous. They mainly eat insects, but some are also known to eat birds and snakes. Tarsiers can catch prey like birds even if they are in motion as the tarsiers jump from tree to tree to catch their prey.

Senses
------

Tarsiers have incredibly good hearing.

They have large eyes. Each is about 16 mm wide.They are very sensitive to touch, and weigh as much as their entire brain. Unlike many nocturnal animals, tarsiers lack a light-reflecting area (tapetum lucidum) of the eye. They also have a fovea, which is also not usual in nocturnal animals.

### Brain difference

The tarsier's brain is different from other primates in one respect. The sequence of cell layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus getting information from both eyes is different from the set-up in lemurs, lorises, and monkeys. "This apparent difference distinguishes tarsiers from all other primates, and reinforces the view that they arose in an early, independent line of primate evolution".

Reproduction
------------

Pregnancy takes about six months, which is a long time for such a small animal. Tarsiers give birth to single offspring.

History
-------

They were once widespread, but now tarsiers live only on islands in south-east Asia. Fossils are found in Asia, Europe, and North America, and some disputed fossils from Africa. Living tarsiers are on several southeast Asian islands, including the Philippines, Sulawesi, Borneo, and Sumatra.

They also have the longest continuous fossil record of any primate. The fossil record shows that their teeth have not changed much, except in size, in the past 45 million years. That means what they eat, and probably their lifestyle, has not changed much, either.

Mass media
----------

Tarsiers are said to be the inspiration for the famous movie character Yoda of Star Wars due to their small size but excellent hunting skills.

Conservation status
-------------------

One tarsier species, Dian's tarsier (*Tarsius dentatus*), is listed by on the IUCN Red List as being "lower risk – conservation dependent". Horsfield's tarsier (*Cephalopachus bancanus*) is listed as "lower risk – least concern". The spectral tarsier (*Tarsius spectrum*) is categorized as "lower risk, not threatened". The pygmy tarsier (*Tarsius pumilus*) was thought to be extinct until a family were found in 2008. The two males and single female (a fourth escaped) were captured using nets, and were radio collared to track their movements. Other tarsier species are listed as "data deficient".

Gallery
-------

* 
* 
* Spectral TarsierSpectral Tarsier
*

Other websites
--------------

* Primate Info Net - Primate factsheets & more: Tarsius sp.
* Video of a tarsier eating a cricket
* A synopsis of the mammalian fauna of the Philippine islands Archived 2006-08-12 at the Wayback Machine
* The Philippine tarsier
**Surabaya**, the second largest city in Indonesia, is the capital of East Java. The meaning of Surabaya is combination of *sura* meaning shark and *baya* meaning crocodile. There are about 3 million people living in Surabaya and they speak a dialect of Javanese called Suroboyoan. Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta. Surabaya is located on the edge of the northern coast of Java Island and dealing with the Madura Strait and Java Sea.

Historical Places
-----------------

There are many museums and monuments that represents and shows the history of Surabaya.

### House of Sampoerna

The House of Sampoerna is a museum that exhibits from the story of the founder of Sampoerna, Liem Seeng Tee to history of tobacco making. One part of the museum shows the history of how this place was found. It starts from Seeng Tee moving to Indonesia after the death of his wife until how he found the old building of Dutch-supported orphanage. There are displays of Seeng Tee’s old objects such as his bicycle, motorcycle, and equipment and objects related to tobacco. There is a tobacco plant within the building where 3,500 women are rolling Dji Sam Soe cigarettes.

### Gereja Perawan Maria Tak Berdosa

Gereja Perawan Maria Tak Berdosa is a Catholic church. It is one of the old buildings left from during the Dutch invasion in the 18th century. It is the oldest church in East Java. It has been preserved by the Dutch government in Indonesia. Despite the fact that it is old, the brick stones are undamaged. Without air-conditioning in the hot weather of Indonesia, the temperature inside the church is low and cool. Services were held since 1800s and it still continues today every Sunday in Chinese. 

### Tugu Pahlawan

Surabaya is not only the second largest city in Indonesia but it is known as the "city of heroes" because of the role it played in the Battle of Surabaya in November 10, 1945. This monument Tugu Pahlawan, Heroes Monument, is the symbol of Surabaya and is built to respect the heroes who fought for independence. This rocket-like monument points towards the moon 41.15 meters high. Along with the monument, there is a museum where diorama of Surabaya in 1945 is displayed. History of Surabaya at that time could be seen through pictures, clips, and stories. There are other buildings surrounding the monument to depict the struggles Indonesians had to go through.

### Health Museum of Dr. Adhyatma

Health Museum of Dr. Adhyatma was built in 1990s in order to save and maintain nation's cultural heritage. This museum exhibits historical items related to health and items that are used today. In September 14, 2004, Minister of Health changed the name of the museum to "Health Museum of Dr. Adhyatma, MPH - MOH. There is a special library in the museum that displays materials such as books, magazines, tapes, and video recording that provides information about health studies. The museum also has different show rooms that displays different equipments used in the past and genealogy of royal families of Indonesia.

Other websites
--------------

* Official Site for Surabaya Archived 2012-12-09 at the Wayback Machine
* Tourist Information
**Student's t-distribution** is a probability distribution which was developed by William Sealy Gosset in 1908. *Student* is the pseudonym he used when he published the paper describing the distribution.

A normal distribution describes a full population, *t*-distributions describe samples drawn from a full population; accordingly, the *t*-distribution for each sample size is different, and the larger the sample, the more the distribution resembles a normal distribution.

The *t*-distribution plays a role in many widely used statistical analyses, including the Student's *t*-test for assessing the statistical significance of the difference between two sample means, the construction of confidence intervals for the difference between two population means, and in linear regression analysis. The Student's *t*-distribution also arises in the Bayesian analysis of data from a normal family.

History
-------

Gosset worked at a brewery and was interested in the problems of small samples, for example the chemical properties of barley. In the problems he analyzed, the sample size might be as low as three. Because of the small sample size, estimating the standard deviation is not possible. Also, in many cases Gosset encountered, the probability distribution of the samples was not known.

One version of the origin of the pseudonym is that Gosset's employer preferred staff to use pen names (instead of their real name) when publishing scientific papers, so he used the name "Student" to hide his identity. Another version is that the brewery did not want their competitors to know that they were using the *t*-test to test the quality of raw material.

Properties
----------

If we take a sample of *n* observations from a normal distribution, then the *t*-distribution with *ν = n−1* degrees of freedom can be defined as the distribution of the location of the sample mean {\displaystyle {\overline {X}}}, relative to the true mean \mu, divided by the sample standard deviation {\displaystyle s} over the normalizing term {\displaystyle {\sqrt {n}}} (that is, {\displaystyle T={\tfrac {{\overline {X}}-\mu }{s/{\sqrt {n}}}}}). In this way, the *t*-distribution can be used to estimate how likely it is that the true mean lies in any given range.

The *t*-distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, like the normal distribution, but has heavier tails, meaning that it is more prone to producing values that fall far from its mean. This makes it useful for understanding the statistical behavior of certain types of ratios of random quantities, in which variation in the denominator is amplified and may produce outlying values when the denominator of the ratio falls close to zero. The Student's *t*-distribution is a special case of the generalised hyperbolic distribution.

Related pages
-------------

* F-distribution
***Marrus orthocanna*** is a species of pelagic siphonophore, a colonial animal. It has zooids, some of which are polyps and some medusae.  
 
It lives in the Arctic and other cold, deep waters, swimming independently in mid-ocean.
The **Siphonophores** are an order of cnidarian invertebrates in the class Hydrozoa. The Portuguese man o' war is an example. 

A siphonophore is not a single animal. It is a colony of four kinds of zooids. Zooids are very small, highly modified individuals. All the zooids in a colony are genetically identical. These zooids are specialized polyps and medusoids.

Though structurally similar to other cnidarians, the zooids do not live by themselves: they are attached to each other. Each type of zooid is not self-sufficient. It depends for survival on the others doing what it cannot do by itself.

So close do the zooids fit together that the colony looks like a single individual. It was a triumph of 19th century biology to discover the real nature of the siphonophores.

* *Bathyphysa conifera*
* Portuguese man o' war
The poster for the movie
***Sintel*** is a short 15-minute movie made with computers using open source software. Blender was the main program used to make the movie. It began production in September 2009 and was released on September 28, 2010. The online release was made available for download on September 30, 2010.
 It was first developed under the name *Projet Durian*, named after a type of smelly fruit. It was changed to *Sintel* a word from the Dutch language, which can mean 'cinder', or 'ember'.

Overview
--------

*Sintel* is a story about a girl who lives in the made-up city. One day, a dragon lands on the roof of a house she is standing next to. The dragon is hurt, so she helps it. She and the dragon (which she names Scales) become good friends. One day, Scales goes to chase a group of birds flying in the sky. Another, bigger, dragon comes along, and kidnaps Scales. Sintel goes to looks for Scales. She finds the adult dragon in a Dragon Blood tree, There she fights the big dragon and kills it. But, it turns out that the big dragon is actually Scales. The movie ends with Sintel sad, because she accidentally killed her friend.

Ton Roosendaal announced the movie in May 2009. He is the chairman of the Blender Foundation. The Blender Foundation and the Netherlands Film Fund paid for part of the project. The Foundation raised a lot of their funds by selling pre-orders of the DVD. Everyone who preordered before September 1 has his or her name listed in the movie's credits. The movie was released for download on the Official Durian Project website on October 1, 2010.

The movie
---------

Other websites
--------------

* The Sintel website Archived 2011-02-25 at the Wayback Machine
* The Blender website (Blender was the program used to make Sintel)
**Ponthieu** is a former province in northern France. Its chief town is Abbeville. It lies centered on the mouth of the Somme River. It includes the townships of Crecy-en-Ponthieu, Nouvion-en-Ponthieu and Ailly-le-Haut-Bell.

History
-------

### Norman conquest of England

Ponthieu played a small role in the events that led up to the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Harold Godwinson of England was blown ashore at Ponthieu in 1064. He was taken captive by the men of Guy I and held for ransom at the castle of Beaurain. Thinking Harold might be useful to him William II, Duke of Normandy, secured his release. William escorted him to Rouen and gave him many gifts. 
william then had Harold take 'many oaths' to support his claim to the English throne and to become William's vassal. But a year after Harold's return to England when king Edward the Confessor died, Harold quickly forgot his oaths and took the crown for himself. That same year Harold was killed at Battle of Hastings and William became King of England.

In 1067 the chaplain of Matilda of Flanders, Guy, Bishop of Amiens, composed Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, a Latin poem on the battle of Hastings.

In 1150 the Count of Ponthieu built a fortress for himself at Crotoy, a strategic point on the mouth of the river Somme.

### The Hundred Years' War

During the Hundred Years' War, Ponthieu changed hands a number of times. The English claimed control of it from 1279–1369 and again until 1435. During English control of Ponthieu, Abbeville was used as the capital.

In late August 1346 Edward III of England reached the region of Ponthieu. While he was there rebuilt the fortress at Crotoy. He forced a passage of the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque. The army led by Philip VI of France caught up with him at nearby Crécy-en-Ponthieu, leading to the famous Battle of Crécy.

In 1360, the Treaty of Bretigny between King John II of France and Edward III of England gave control of Ponthieu (along with Gascony and Calais) over to the English, in exchange for Edward relinquishing his claim to the French throne. Edward took the land but still refused to surrender his claim.

In April, 1369 Charles V of France conquered Ponthieu. A month later he declared war on England. As a result, Edward publicly reassumed the title 'King of France' in June.

In 1372 an English army under the leadership of Robert Knolles invaded Ponthieu. They burned the city of Le Crotoy before crossing the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque.

In the Treaty of Arras (1435), Charles VII of France convinced Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to break his alliance with the English. In exchange he gave him Ponthieu. This marked a turning point that led to the end of England's part in the conflict 40 years later.

In 1477 Ponthieu was reconquered by King Louis XI of France.

In World War I between 1 July and 18 November 1916 the Battle of the Somme was fought in Ponthieu. It was one of the most costly battles ever fought with over 1,000,000 men killed or wounded.
Skull of *Kayentatherium*
teeth from *Kayentatherium*
**Tritylodonts**  were small to medium-sized mammal-like cynodonts. They varied in size from a rabbit to a beaver.

They were the last family of the non-mammalian synapsids. One of the last cynodont lines to appear, the family Tritylodontidae descended from a *Cynognathus*-like cynodont. Their teeth had three cusps (bumps) which gave them their name.

The tritylodonts were herbivorous, chewing through vegetation, such as stems, leaves, and roots. Tritylodonts have no canine teeth, just incisors and cheek teeth. The jaw worked by grinding forward and backwards, shredding the food between the ridges of the teeth.

They were the longest surviving of all the non-mammalian therapsids. They appeared in the latest Triassic period, and persisted through the Jurassic until the middle of the Cretaceous. This shows that the tritylodonts were a successful group of therapsids, even though they lived right beneath the ruling dinosaurs' feet, so to speak.

It is very clear that the tritylodonts were warm-blooded. The tritylodont fossils were found in the Americas, South Africa, and Eurasia. They may have managed to live worldwide, including Antarctica.

There are quite a few parallels between these tritylodonts (which are outside the mammal line) and multituberculates, which are mammals. The tritylodonts had no competition in the Jurassic, because all the other mammal-like types were either carnivores or insectivores. Kermack's conclusion is that when the multituberculates appeared (middle Jurssic) they were in direct competition, and eventually they out-competed the earlier group, and replaced it.
***Premer Phande*** (Bengali: প্রেমের ফাঁদে); was a popular romantic comedy Bengali television Soap Opera that premiered on April 18, 2016 and aired on Zee Bangla, produced by Ravi Ojha Productions and started Mishmee Das as main female protagonist and Rajib Basu as main male protagonist.

Plot
----

The story revolves around the lives of Mohor and Rishi. Rishi belongs to a joint family and works for a matrimonial company. Rishi’s family is very supportive. He is a young lad and being the elder among two brothers, he is loved and pampered by everyone in the family. On the other hand, Mohor is a mature orphan girl. Mohor comes to Kolkata for her job. One fine day, much to his disgust, Mohor joins the matrimonial company as Rishi’s boss. Mohor, who is new in the city, ends up becoming a tenant at Rishi’s house. Rishi’s family likes Mohor very much and his grandmother wants that Rishi should fall in love with Mohor. From here, starts the sweet fun chemistry of Rishi and Mohor, who being the boss troubles Rishi at work and Rishi, being the landlord irritates Mohor at home. This creates a hilarious ruckus due to the unconventional role reversal of Mohor and Rishi. Will this unique chemistry give rise to a sweet love story?

Casts
-----

* Mishmee Das as Mohor Roy / Priyanka Majumdar (Main Female Lead)
* Rajib Basu as Rishi Ganguly (Main Male Lead)
* Tanima Sen as Rishi’s Grandmother
* Anirban Guha as Rishi’s Father
* Chaitali Dutta Burman as Srimoyee Ganguly
* Kanchana Moitra as Shiuli Ganguly
* Abhijit Deb Roy as Rishi’s Uncle
* Aniket Chakraborty as Jeet Ganguly
* Partha Sarathi Deb as Mishra Ji
* Sujoy Saha as Bijit
* Misty Das as Mili Ganguly
* Piyali Mukherjee as Tithi Ganguly
* Arnab Banerjee as Jayanta Ganguly
* Koushik Chakraborty as Barin Majumdar
One of the strangest events takes place around Akita.  It is called Namahage.  Namahage is a traditional culture in Akita prefecture.  The main event of namahage is very terrible for children.  The frightfully dressed men portray Namahage equipped with masks, knives and traditional capes made of straw during a New Year's ritual of the Oga peninsula.

On New Year’s Eve, they march along a street and make inhabitants go back to their homes. Then they visit houses door to door, scolding children who may be guilty of laziness or bad behavior.

The Purpose of Namahage
-----------------------

One of the purposes is to advise children to obey their parents and to behave themselves.  They say  "Are there any crybabies around?" or "Are naughty kids around?" in the local dialect.  If parents want Namahage to encourage or tell off their children by giving a specific original way, parents can ask them in advance to give special lessons to their children.  It lasts until children heavily cry or leave their house.

Some researchers suggest that it relates to a belief in deities to take away bad luck and bring fortune for the new year. Meanwhile, others say it is an ancient agricultural custom.

The Actors Getting Older
------------------------

Oga Peninsula’s one is the most famous and was designated as an important intangible folk cultural property by the country in 1978.  It was once carried out in most villages on the peninsula, but gradually decreased.  According to Oga City, nearly half of the town associations didn’t hold festivals in 2011.  Therefore, they established a subsidy system for the neighborhood association in the next year.  Its aim is to motivate people to implement Namahage, to inherit the tradition.

Nevertheless, only six local associations revived Namahage at the end of last year.  The biggest reason is the decrease in the number of young people who play the leading role.  So even 70s villagers are dressed up as Namahage.  Some citizens are concerned that the custom will inevitably be lost in the long run.

Covid19 Circumstance
--------------------

This year, because of covid-19, almost all associations decided to call off the festival. While one of them implemented the festival taking countermeasures to prevent infection. In Kobukata area, actors did neither enter houses nor eat any alcohol or dishes which were yearly served as hospitality.  One of the actors said "The most important thing is how to maintain the traditional culture to a new era."  Thanks to their efforts, they could manage to maintain the tradition and take measures at the same time.
The **spotless crake**, **sooty rail**, **pūweto**, **puweto**, or **putoto** (*Zapornia tabuensis*) is a bird in the family Rallidae. It lives in the Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, other parts of Polynesia, and two subspecies have been found high in the hills in New Guinea. Scientists do not know much about them because they hide so well.

Appearance
----------

The spotless crake is about half the size of a blackbird. It is about 20 cm long. It weighs about 45 g. It has blue-gray and black feathers. It has orange-pink legs. It has a black beak.

Habitat and food
----------------

Spotless crakes live in wetlands that have fresh water, not salt water. They look for food where the plants grow close together. Sometimes they will walk out on bare mud, but they run back into the plants if they think they are in danger.

The spotless crake eats the seeds of many plants, but it also eats animals without bones, for example beetles and worms. This bird is crepuscular, which means it looks for food at dawn and dusk.

Breeding
--------

Spotless crakes form one-on-one pairs to lay eggs. They build nests out of pieces of grass woven together. The nest is 30-50 cm above the water. Sometimes they build platforms near the nest. The female lays 2-5 eggs at a time. Both the male and female crake sit on the eggs. The eggs take 20-22 days to hatch. The chicks stay in the nest for about 4 days. They can catch some of their own food at that age. Both parents care for the chicks for 4-5 months.

Threats
-------

Human beings change their wetlands into farms. Introduced species brought by humans can also kill the crake.
Photograph of Rose O'Neal Greenhow
**Rose O'Neal Greenhow** (1813/1814– October 1, 1864) was a famous Confederate spy during the American Civil War. She was a socialite in Washington, D.C. before the war. Greenhow was friends with presidents, generals, senators, and high-ranking military officers. She used these friendships to pass along key military information to the Confederacy at the start of the war. In early 1861 she was put in control of a group of Confederate spies in Washington, DC. This was by Thomas Jordan, then a captain in the Confederate Army. Jefferson Davis, the Confederate president, gave her credit for helping the South's victory at the First Battle of Bull Run in late July 1861.

Greenhow was captured in August. She was placed under house arrest. But she continued her spying activities. In 1862 after an espionage hearing, she was imprisoned for nearly five months in Washington, DC. Then she was deported to the Confederate States. Greenhow traveled to Richmond, Virginia and continued to work for the confederacy. She sailed to Europe to represent the Confederacy in a diplomatic mission to France and England. She also wrote and published her memoir in London. The book was popular in England. She wanted to return to America. She took with her $2,000 in Gold. On her voyage back, her ship ran aground off Wilmington, North Carolina. A Union gunboat had chased them up the Cape Fear River. Greenhow and one other passenger tried to escape in a rowboat. Weighed down with gold she drowned when her rowboat overturned. She was honored with a Confederate military funeral.

In 1993 the women's auxiliary of the Sons of Confederate Veterans changed its name to the Order of the Confederate Rose. This followed a television movie the previous year. A new biography of her was published in 2005.
***The Little Princess*** is a 1939 movie. It was directed by Walter Lang. It stars Shirley Temple. It is loosely based on the book *A Little Princess* by Frances Hodgson Burnett. It was the first Shirley Temple movie to be filmed completely in Technicolor. It was also her last major success as a child star.

Main cast
---------

* Shirley Temple as Sara Crewe
* Richard Greene as Geoffrey Hamilton
* Anita Louise as Rose
* Ian Hunter as Captain Crewe
* Cesar Romero as Ram Dass
* Arthur Treacher as Hubert 'Bertie' Minchin
* Mary Nash as Amanda Minchin

Story
-----

Captain Crewe is called to fight in the Second Boer War. He leaves his daughter Sara at Miss Minchin's School for Girls. One day, his lawyer arrives in the school with news that Captain Crewe has died and his real estate has been confiscated. Sara is now a poor orphan. She becomes a servant in the school. Sara tires of her servant duties. She sneaks off to Veterans Hospital, convinced her father is not dead. She finds him wounded. They reunite joyfully.

Response
--------

According to *Variety*, "Transposition of the Frances Hodgson Burnett several-generation favorite, Sara Crewe, is accomplished most successfully. The fairy-tale story is still saccharine to the nth degree, but once the basic premise is established, it rolls along acceptably. And, while the story has been changed for screen purposes, the general line is close enough."

Benjamin R. Crisler reviewed the film when it opened in New York City at the Roxy Theatre. He wrote, "With any other child on earth, it is amazing to reflect, *The Little Princess* would stand out as one of the most glaring exhibits of pure hokum in screen history; with Mistress Temple, it may very well be, as Mr. Zanuck unflinchingly proclaims, the greatest picture with which Mr. Zanuck has ever been associated."

Janet Maslin, writing for *The New York Times* 44 years later, called it "antiquated enough to seem charming" and concludes "[t]he movie's music, its corny but likable histrionics and its rousing patriotism (it was made in 1939) culminate in a happy ending sure to make even grown-up viewers cry."

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***The Little Princess (1939 film)***.

* *The Little Princess* on IMDb
* *The Little Princess* at AllMovie
* *The Little Princess*  at the TCM Movie Database
**Mount Unapproachable** is a mountain in the southwest of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is on the northern side of Lake Neale. It is about 505 metres (1,657 ft) above sea level. The area is far apart from other towns. The nearest towns are Kaltukatjara (116 km away), Kintore (135 km away) and Yulara (138 km away). The mountain is mostly made of sandstone.

The mountain was named by explorer Ernest Giles in 1872. Giles was on an expedition to find a way across the desert from east to west. He had just found and named Lake Amadeus. He could see the mountain rising to the west, and hoped to find water there. But, he was unable to get to the mountain because his path was blocked by the lake. Giles in fact over-estimated the size of Lake Amadeus and missed the bridge of land between Amadeus and Lake Neale.

In 1889, Giles' second-in-command, W. H. Tietkins, came back on his own expedition and surveyed the area. He wrote that he travelled to the Bloods Range, to the south of Lakes Amadeus and Neale. He named the highest peaks Mount Harris and Mount Carruthers. From the top of Mount Harris, he could see Kata Tjuṯa, the Petermann Ranges and the Tomkinson Ranges. Tietkins then travelled to the east for three days, and came to Lake Amadeus. At the western end of the lake and on the north shore, he described a sandstone range, which he named Long's Range after his brother-in-law. He climbed a nearby set of hills, and identified Mount Unapproachable as the westernmost peak of the Long's Range. He reported that his team reached Unapproachable around the middle of June and then spent several days travelling around the western edge of Lake Amadeus. He corrected Giles' earlier mistake and successfully mapped the lake's western shore.

Another team of surveyors visited the area in 1926, led by Donald Mackay and Herbet Basedow. On 1 July, they climbed a hill that Basedow identified as both Mount Unapproachable and Mount Harris. He found them to be the same mountain after comparing his own observations with those of Giles and Tietkens. Basedow decided that this hill was the Mount Unapproachable that Giles had described, and that Tietkens had mistakenly renamed it Mount Harris. But, on modern maps, Mount Harris and Mount Carruthers are the names given to two peaks in the Bloods Range.
"Mount Washington" by Albert Bierstadt; oil painting; 1862
**Mount Washington** is the tallest mountain in New Hampshire. It is also the tallest in the northeastern United States. It is 6,288 feet (1,917 m) tall. The mountain is known for cold and stormy weather. Some people think it has the "worst weather in the world". The highest wind speed ever measured on earth, 231 miles per hour (372 km/h), was recorded there.

History
-------

The Native American name for the mountain was Agiocochook (or Agiochook). It was thought to be the home of the Great Spirit. As early as 1628 it appears in print as "Christall hill" (Crystal Hill). In July 1874 it was given its current name, Mt. Washington, after George Washington. A road to the summit was completed in 1859. It allowed horses and carriages to travel to the top. The road is still there today. 

F.O. Stanley and his wife, Flora, drove the first automobile to the top of Mount Washington.
On 31 August 1899, Freelan O. Stanley and his wife drove a Stanley Steamer motor car to the top of Mt. Washington. Not counting stops to add water, the car took two hours and ten minutes to reach the top.

The cog railroad
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In 1869 a cog railroad was built to carry tourists to the top of the mountain. It carried so many passengers at a time a new hotel had to be built in 1873. Sylvester Marsh designed this system and in 1866 he raised funds to build the first cog railroad; it was to the top of Mt. Washington. He was called "Crazy Marsh" because a railroad going up a mountain was thought to be impossible. But Marsh wasn't crazy. He took out patents on his design. Customers paid to ride to the top even before it was finished. They called the ride "Jacob’s Ladder". It is still in operation today climbing the mountain at 2.8 miles per hour (4.5 km/h).

Other websites
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* Climbing Jacob's Ladder, Scared Stiff
* SteamPhotos.com

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Granada woven silk velvet brocaded with gilt thread and blue areas block-printed, designed by William Morris.
Red velvet mini-dress
**Velvet** is a type of woven tufted fabric in which the cut threads are very evenly distributed, with a short dense pile, giving it a distinctly smooth feel.

Velvet can be made from many different fibres. It is woven on a special loom that weaves two pieces of velvet at the same time. The two pieces are then cut apart and the two lengths of fabric are wound on separate take-up rolls. Velvet is difficult to clean due to its pile, but modern dry cleaning methods perform well.

Velvet is made, ideally, from silk. More recently, synthetic velvets have been developed, mostly polyester, nylon, viscose, acetate, and mixtures of different synthetics, or synthetics and natural fibers (e.g. viscose and silk). A small percentage of lycra is used sometimes to give stretch.

History
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The art of velvet-weaving probably originated in medieval Kashmir around the beginning of the fourteenth century. King Richard II of England directed in his will that his body should be clothed *in velveto* in 1399.

The earliest sources of European artistic velvets were weavers in Lucca, Genoa, Florence and Venice.
Vellore Fort is a large 16th-century fort in the center of Vellore city, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It was built by Vijayanagara kings. The fort was at one time the headquarters of the Aravidu Dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire. The fort has grand ramparts and wide moat.

The fort's ownership passed from Vijayanagara kings, to the Bijapur sultans, to the Marathas, to the Carnatic Nawabs and finally to the British, who held the fort until India gained independence. The Indian government maintains the fort with the Archaeological Department. During British rule, the Tipu Sultan's family and the last king of Sri Lanka, Sri Vikrama Rajasinha were held as prisoners in the fort. The fort houses the Jalakanteswarar Hindu temple, the Christian St. John's Church and a Muslim mosque, of which the Jalakanteswarar Temple is famous for its magnificent carvings. The first significant military rebellion against British rule erupted at this fort in 1806, and it is also a witness to the massacre of the Vijayanagara royal family of Sriranga Raya.
Crystallographic structure of HIV reverse transcriptase.   
The P51 subunit is green and the P66 subunit is cyan.Crystallographic structure of HIV reverse transcriptase. 
A **reverse transcriptase** is an enzyme which works 'backwards' from RNA to DNA. Normal transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA; reverse transcription is the *reverse* of this. It is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into single-stranded DNA. It also synthesizes a second strand of DNA complementary to the reverse-transcribed single-stranded cDNA. 

Well studied reverse transcriptases include:

* HIV-1 reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (PDB: 1HMV​)
* M-MLV reverse transcriptase from the Moloney murine leukemia virus
* AMV reverse transcriptase from the avian myeloblastosis virus
* Telomerase reverse transcriptase that maintains the telomeres of eukaryotic chromosomes

History
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Reverse transcriptase was discovered by Howard Temin at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in a cancer virus. It was independently isolated by David Baltimore in 1970 at MIT from two RNA tumour viruses. For their achievements, they shared the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (with Renato Dulbecco).

The idea of reverse transcription was very unpopular at first because it contradicted the central dogma of molecular biology. This states that DNA is transcribed into RNA which is then translated into proteins. However, in 1970 when Howard Temin and David Baltimore both independently discovered the enzyme responsible for reverse transcription, the possibility that genetic information could be passed on in this manner was finally accepted.

Out of this work has come the idea that the first genomes were made of RNA genes. The RNA genes surviving today might be all that remain of this early condition. Reverse transcriptase might be the remnant of a stage when DNA genes were made by copying RNA genes. This theory is relevant to the earliest stages of evolution. Reverse transcription is also used by various semi-independent elements called transposons.
A **review** is an evaluation of a publication, service, or company. Popular reviews are about movies, video games, musical compositions or books. Other reviews are about cars, home appliances, or computers. An event or performance like a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show, or art exhibition are commonly reviewed. legal case decisions by a lower court may be reviewed by a higher court. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit. Reviews are generally positive, neutral or negative.

Compilation reviews
-------------------

A compilation of reviews may itself be called a review. *The New York Review of Books*, for instance, is a collection of essays on literature, culture, and current affairs. *National Review*, founded by William F. Buckley, Jr. is an influential conservative magazine. *Monthly Review* is a long-running socialist periodical. Metacritic creates an average score of published reviews called a metascore.

User reviews
------------

A user review is one written by someone for a product or a service based on his or her own experience with the reviewed product. Popular sources for consumer reviews are e-commerce sites like Amazon.com or Zappos. Social media sites like TripAdvisor and Yelp contain user reviews. E-commerce sites often have consumer reviews for products and sellers separately.  Usually, consumer reviews are in the form of several lines of texts accompanied by a numerical rating. This text is meant to help shoppers make a decision about a product. A consumer review of a product usually has comments on how well the product meets a user's expectations. It talks about how well it does its job, how reliable it is and its quality for the price. Consumer reviews are also called word of mouth. Users also comment on how they were treated by a seller. They may comment on how dependable or trustworthy a seller is.

Other websites
--------------

* 4 Ways to Manage Online Reviews
***The Super Mario Challenge*** was a show that aired on The Children's Channel. It last from September to December 20, 1991, and aired every day 4:30 PM, except for weekends.

Set up
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The person who presented the show was John Lenahan. He was dressed and looked like Mario. Two players had to do jobs that called for playing the *Mario* video games *Super Mario Bros.*, *Super Mario Bros. 2*, and *Super Mario Bros. 3*. Rounds are made up of tests to see who could end a level in the fastest time. The other object of the game was to see which contestant gets the most coins on a certain level. Winners of each round would get one to three "gold coins." Then whoever holds the most at the end of the show would move forward to the next stage of the competition. If both players had an equal number of gold coins, a single-level sudden death playoff decided who would go through.

Dropped
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The show was dropped in 1991, quite a while before The Children's Channel changed to TCC. Link Anchor Man got many letters asking if the show would be done again, it never was.

Other websites
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* *The Super Mario Challenge* at UKGameshows.com
* *Super Mario Challenge* at YouTube
**The Super League**, commonly known as the **European Super League**, was a planned association football tournament. It will be played by 20 of the best teams in Europe. It is a closed league only for the richest clubs and makes it difficult for the rest of the clubs to play.

Florentino Pérez is the chairman of the league. Three days after being founded, The Super League announced it was suspending its operations. having provoked total rejection by the national leagues, clubs and fans.

Founding clubs
--------------

The Super League is located in EuropeLiverpoolLiverpoolLondon**London**Manchester**Manchester**JuventusJuventusMilan**Milan**BarcelonaBarcelonaMadrid**Madrid**London teamsArsenalChelseaTottenham HotspurMadrid teamsAtlético MadridReal MadridManchester teamsManchester CityManchester UnitedMilan teamsInter MilanMilan**London teams**  
Arsenal  
Chelsea  
Tottenham Hotspur  
  
**Madrid teams**  
Atlético Madrid  
Real Madrid  
  
**Manchester teams**  
Manchester City  
Manchester United  
  
**Milan teams**  
Inter Milan  
Milanclass=notpageimage| Location of founding clubs of The Super League.
Twelve clubs were announced as the founding members of the competition, with three more clubs planning to join before the first season begins. This includes the "Big Six" of England, 3 teams Italy, and 3 teams from Spain. The fifteen founding clubs will be permanent participants in the tournament, and will govern the organization. French and German clubs, including Paris Saint-Germain, Bayern Munich and Borussia Dortmund, have reportedly declined to join.

* England Arsenal
* England Chelsea
* England Liverpool
* England Manchester City
* England Manchester United
* England Tottenham Hotspur
* Italy Inter Milan
* Italy Juventus
* Italy Milan
* Spain Atlético Madrid
* Spain Barcelona
* Spain Real Madrid
Fossil of a locust from the Santana formation
The **Santana Formation** is a high quality fossil site in Brazil 115 to 108 million years ago (mya). It is in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It qualifies as a Lagerstätte, which means it is one of the best fossil sites, with many undisturbed fossils.

The strata come from the Lower Cretaceous, laid down about 92 million years ago in a shallow inland sea.

Some 25 species of fish are found, many with stomach contents preserved. This lets palaeontologists study predator–prey relationships in the ecosystem. There are also fine examples of pterosaurs, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates (especially insects) and plants. Even dinosaurs are found here: a new maniraptor was described in 1996.

Limestone nodules formed around dead organisms; this preserved even the soft parts of their anatomy. The limestone was etched away using a mild acid. The fossils were then preserved by the 'transfer technique' which means they were embedded in a plastic resin such as polyester or epoxy.

The nearby Crato Formation is also a lagerstätte. It was produced in similar conditions, about 10 million years before the Santana Formation.

Notable taxa
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Various remains of non-avian theropods, avialans, ornithischians, and possibly oviraptorosaurs have been found in Estado do Ceara, Brazil. Examples are spinosaurs like *Irritator* and maniraptors like *Santanaraptor*.

*Ornithocheirus* and *Tupuxuara* are examples. The inland sea also had turtles, such as *Santanachelys*.
**Stephen James Strasburg** (born July 20, 1988 in San Diego, California) is an American baseball player. He is a pitcher for the Washington Nationals in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played baseball in college at San Diego State University. While playing at San Diego State, Strasburg threw a no hitter against the Air Force Academy. The Nationals drafted him with the first pick in the 2009 MLB Draft. Strasburg signed a contract to play for the Nationals for four years while being paid more than 15 million dollars. After signing his contract, Strasburg began pitching in the minor leagues. Most people did not expect Strasburg to stay in the minor leagues for very long, though. Strasburg played very well in the minor leagues. His earned run average (ERA) for the Syracuse Chiefs, which was the final minor league team he played for, was only 1.08.

Major League Baseball career
----------------------------

Strasburg pitching in his first Major League Baseball game
Strasburg played his first game in Major League Baseball on June 8, 2010. The game had sold out just a few hours after the Nationals said that Strasburg would play on that day. He was the Nationals' starting pitcher in a game against the Pittsburgh Pirates. Strasburg pitched for 7 innings, striking out 14 Pirates batters, giving up 2 runs, and only allowing 4 hits. The Nationals won the game by a score of 5-2.