recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Tropical Storm Bert** was a weak storm that only lasted from June 28 to June 29. Bret hit the eastern coast of Mexico on June 29 before dying inland. Bret was also the second storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season.

Tropical Storm Bert formed close to land over the Bay of Campeche on June 28 before making landfall on Mexico a few hours later on June 29. Bert killed a total of two people.

Storm history
-------------

Storm path
Tropical Depression Two formed from a tropical wave over the Bay of Campeche on June 28, and quickly strengthened and became a tropical storm. Bret then began to move steadily closer to land during the next few hours before making landfall near Tuxpan, Veracruz in eastern Mexico early on June 29 with 40 mph (65 km/h) winds.

Bret quickly weakened as it continued inland, making heavy rain over the eastern coast of Mexico before dissipating over the mountains in central Mexico late on June 29.

Impact
------

Damages in Mexico totaled up to $9 million (2005 USD).
Most of the damage came from floods and landslides caused by the heavy rain. Several towns were flooded very badly, including Naranjos and Chinampa (south of Tampico). This was mainly because of the overflowing of the Río Tancochin. A total of about 3,000 homes were damaged.

Two people were reported dead because of Bret. Two people inside a car were killed when the car was swept away by the floodwaters in Naranjos.

Related pages
-------------

* 2005 Atlantic hurricane season

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Tropical Storm Bret (2005)***.

* NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Bret
* NHC's Tropical Cyclone Report on Tropical Storm Bret


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| **Tropical cyclones of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season** |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | 10 | J |
| K | L | M | N | O | P | R | 19 | S | Un | T |
| 22 | V | W | Αα | Ββ | Γγ | Δδ | Εε | Ζζ |

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| Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale |
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |

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| 

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|  |
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| * **Category**
* **Commons**
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The **Theremin** [ˈθɛɹəmɪn], (also **thereminvox** or **aetherphone**) is one of the first fully electronic musical instruments. It was invented by Russian inventor Léon Theremin in October 1920 after the outbreak of the Russian civil war. Its invention grew out of a search for ways to detect movement. It was the first musical instrument to be played without being touched. The control section has two metal antennae to sense the positions of the player's hands. One hand controls the pitch. The other hand controls the volume. To play the theremin, the player moves his hands around the two metal antennas. The electric signals from the theremin are amplified and sent to a loudspeaker.

The sound of the theremin is associated with "alien," surreal, and eerie-sounding portamento, glissando, tremolo, and vibrato sounds. It has been used in film soundtracks such as *Spellbound*, *The Lost Weekend*, *Ed Wood*, *Mars Attacks!* and *The Day the Earth Stood Still*. The BBC Radiophonic Workshop used the theramin to provide the electronic sounds in demand in the mid-century. Theremins are also used in art music (especially avant-garde and 20th century "new music") and in popular music genres such as rock and pop. The Russian Dmitri Shostakovich was one of the first to include parts for the theremin in orchestral pieces, including a use in his score for the 1931 film *Odna*.

Related pages
-------------

* Terpsitone

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Theremin***.

* oddmusic.com theremin page
* TECI: Theremin Enthusiasts Club International
* Theremin.info Archived 2007-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
* Clara Rockmore playing "The Swan" (Saint-Saëns)
* Dr. Samuel Hoffman, Hollywood's premiere thereminist
* Art's Theremin Page Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine: Complete construction plans for solid state and vacuum tube theremins
**Nicolaas "Nico" van Nieuwenhuysen** (14 November 1889 – 1967) was a Dutch physician. During World War II he was cruel camp doctor of Kamp Amersfoort and later on the Eastern Front.

Biography
---------

Before World War II Nieuwenhysen worked as a general practitioner. Because his practice was going downhill during World War II due to his pro-German attitude, he accepted the German offer to come and work in Kamp Amersfoort. He was doctor there between September 1941 and March 1942 and worked as a surgeon. Van Nieuwenhuysenhad neglected, abused, starved, and exposed his patients to disease. Van Nieuwenhuysen abused patients whom he believed were simulating an illness, to escape the strict regime in the camp. He had kicked and beaten the prisoners and made them bend their knees until exhaustion, withheld medical care from them, did not provide them with medicines when they were available, did not give them spiritual assistance and did not isolate them when they had a contagious disease; Jews and Soviet prisoners of war in particular. In September 1941 hundred and one Soviet soldiers entered the camp. During their stay they were not treated or cared for. Many died from an illness, malnutrition or abuse. After six months, the soldiers who were still alive where shot. Nieuwenhusen had the heads of two dead Russians amputated and boiled, and placed the skulls on his desk as 'trophies'. In 1942 Radio Oranje named him "De Beul of Amersfoort" (The Executioner of Amersfoort).

In March 1942 he left Kamp Amersfoort voluntarily and moved with the *Schutzstaffel* to the Eastern Front.

After World War II Van Nieuwenhuysen was detained in the prison in Leeuwarden. For his activities during the war he was sentenced in 1950 to twenty years in prison and received a lifelong professional ban. This has been the heaviest sentence imposed on a doctor after World War II. Van Nieuwenhysen died in 1967.

Literature
----------

General practitioner Adriaan van Es and journalist Arjeh Kalmann did for four years research on Van Nieuwenhuysen. They wrote the book *Maar ik ben geen schooier* about Van Nieuwenhuysen, that was published in January 2023.
**Rose Elizabeth Cleveland** (June 13, 1846 − November 22, 1918), was the acting First Lady of the United States from 1885 to 1886, during the first of her brother U.S. President Grover Cleveland's two administrations.

Early life
----------

Rose Elizabeth Cleveland was born in Fayetteville, New York, on June 14, 1846. Known to her family as "Libby", Rose was the youngest of nine children born to Reverend Richard Falley Cleveland and Ann Neal Cleveland. In 1853 the family moved to Holland Patent, New York, where her father was settled as pastor of the Presbyterian church, and where he died that same year. Rose was 7 at the time of her father's death. She stayed in Holland Patent to care for her widowed mother. Grover Cleveland, Rose's elder brother, was 16 years old at the time.

White House years
-----------------

When her elder brother, Grover Cleveland, won the election to the twenty-second presidency of the United States, Rose became First Lady and lived in the White House for two years, she stood by her brother as First Lady during his inauguration, and his two initial bachelor years in the White House.

During her early tenure as First Lady, Rose received front-page treatment from the New York Times about her appearance during her second reception at the White House. The Times reported that Miss Cleveland, Wore a dress of black satin, with entire overdress of Spanish lace. The satin bodice was cut low and sleeveless, and the transparent lace revealed the shoulders and arms. Rose Cleveland did not completely fit into Washington high society during her tenure as first lady. It is said that," Rose Cleveland was a bluestocking, more interested in pursuing scholarly endeavors than in entertaining cabinet wives and foreign dignitaries." Rose was an intellectual, and she preferred to lecture rather than entertain, but she made sure to perform her duties as First Lady as a favor to her brother. 

Later on President Cleveland married Frances Cleveland. Rose resigned as the First Lady, and started her career in the field of education.

Death
-----

She died on November 22, 1918 in Bagni di Lucca, Italy, from the Spanish flu. She is buried in Bagni di Lucca.
The **resting potential** of a cell is the membrane potential that would be maintained if there were no action potentials, synaptic potentials, or other active changes in the membrane potential. In most cells the resting potential has a negative value, which by convention means that there is excess negative charge inside compared to outside. The resting potential is mostly determined by the concentrations of the ions in the fluids on both sides of the cell membrane and the ion transport proteins that are in the cell membrane. How the concentrations of ions and the membrane transport proteins influence the value of the resting potential is outlined below.

Other websites
--------------

* Neuroscience - online textbook by Purves, *et al.*
* Basic Neurochemistry Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Aspects by Siegel, *et al.*
* Bertil Hille *Ion channels of excitable membranes*, 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA (2001). ISBN 0-87893-321-2
* Generation of resting membrane potential Wright, S.H. *Advances in Physiology Education*, **28**(1-4): 139-142, 2004,
**Tropical Storm Bertha** was the second tropical storm of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season. Bertha was a weak tropical storm that formed very quickly off the coast of Louisiana. Bertha made a second landfall in Texas and died only ten hours after. Bertha was only one of three storms to make landfall in both Texas and Louisiana, the other two were Allison in 2001 and Fern in 1971. Bertha left only $200,000 in damage and only one person was killed.

No retirement
-------------

Since the damage was very low the name Bertha was not retired. Bertha was used again in 2008.


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| **Tropical cyclones of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season** |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A | B | C | D | E | F | 7 | G | H | I | J | K | L | 14 |

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| Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale |
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |

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| 

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| * **Category**
* **Commons**
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In law, ***seriatim*** (Latin for "in series") indicates that a court is addressing multiple issues in a certain order, such as the order that the issues were originally presented to the court.

Legal usage
-----------

A **seriatim opinion** describes an opinion delivered by a court with multiple judges, in which each judge reads his or her own opinion rather than a single judge writing an opinion on behalf of the entire court. This is a practice generally used when a legal case does not have a majority opinion.

Use of the word, and other Latin phrases, has become less frequent in legal communications as a result of, among other factors, efforts by groups such as the Plain Language Movement to promote the use of "plain English" in legal discourse.

### In the United Kingdom

In modern use pleadings is used for "one by one in sequence". For example, in English civil cases, defence statements generally used to conclude with the phrase "save as expressly admitted herein, each allegation of the plaintiffs is denied as if set out in full and traversed herein *seriatim*." This formulation is now discouraged under the English Civil Procedure Rules, especially rule 16.5 (3)-(5).

It is sometimes seen in older deeds and contracts as a more traditional way of using terms of reference. For example "the railway by-laws shall apply to the contract as if set out herein *seriatim*." It is sometimes found as part of the longer phrase *brevatim et seriatim*, meaning "briefly and in series".

The term is also used when replying to a communication that contains a number of points, issues or questions to show that the responses are in the same order in which they were raised in the original document: "To deal with your queries seriatim..."

### In the United States

During the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Marshall, 1801 to 1835, the practice of judicial opinions being delivered in seriatim was discontinued.

In 2009, Title III, Rule 15(a)(1) of the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure regarding Amended and Supplemental Pleadings (part of pretrial procedure) was amended to allow three changes in the time previously allowed to make one change.

> This provision will force the pleader to consider carefully and promptly the wisdom of amending to meet the arguments in the motion... and will expedite determination of issues that otherwise might be raised *seriatim*.
> 
> 

The right to make changes now ends 21 days after service of a motion.
This is the page about Tropical Storm Arthur in 2002. There was another tropical storm that was named Arthur in 2008.

**Tropical Storm Arthur** was the first tropical storm of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season. Arthur reached its highest winds of 60 miles per hour on July 16. Arthur started on July 14 near North Carolina, Tropical Storm Arthur moved mostly northwest and Tropical Storm Arthur died on July 16. The remains caused bad weather in Newfoundland and killed one person.

Meteorological History
----------------------

Storm path
On July 9 a low-level circulation started. It moved very slowly northwest and did not become a tropical depression. The low-level circulation moved ashore in Florida. Early on July 14 the low entered the Atlantic Ocean. Clouds around the low started growing. Late on July 14 the low became Tropical Depression One, while it was 45 miles south of Hatteras, North Carolina. On the morning of July 15 it became a tropical storm and was called "Arthur". Arthur slowly got stronger until July 16 when it reached its highest winds, which were at 60 miles per hour. Wind shear caused Arthur to die shortly later. The extratropical low was last seen on July 19 while it was near Greenland.

No retirement
-------------

Because the damage was low the name "Arthur" was not retired. This caused the name "Arthur" to be used again in 2008, it also did not get retired. So the name "Arthur" is going to be used again in 2012.
**RNA interference** (**RNAi**) is a process in living cells. It adjusts (moderates) the activity of their genes. RNAi molecules are a key to gene regulation. In 2006, Andrew Fire and Craig Mello shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on RNA interference in the nematode worm *Caenorhabditis elegans*, published in 1998.

Two types of small RNA molecules – microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) – do the work. These small RNAs bind to normal messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and increase or decrease their activity. They can prevent a mRNA from producing a protein. RNA interference defends cells against foreign nucleotide sequences – viruses and transposons. Also, they control development, and gene expression in general.

The RNAi pathway is found in many eukaryotes including animals. RNAi is a valuable research tool, in cell culture and in living organisms. Synthetic dsRNA introduced into cells can suppress specific genes of interest. RNAi may be used for large-scale screens that shut down each gene to analyse cellular process or cell division. The pathway is also used as a practical tool in biotechnology and medicine.

Functions
---------

### Natural functions

The natural functions of RNA interference are: 

1. Immunity against foreign virus (and other) RNAs
2. Upregulation of genes
3. Downregulation of genes

### Artificial functions

* Gene editing
**RSGC1** is a massive young open star cluster in the Milky Way galaxy. It was discovered in 2006 in the data from infrared surveys.

There are 12 red supergiants identified so far. These are massive young stars undergoing helium burning in their cores. There is also one yellow hypergiant, and one intermediate. The cluster is in the constellation Scutum at about 6.6 kpc from the Sun. It is at the intersection of the northern end of the Long Bar of the Milky Way and the inner portion of the Scutum–Centaurus Arm—one of its two major spiral arms.

The age of RSGC1 is estimated at 10–14 million years. The observed red supergiants with the mass of about 16–20 solar masses will become type II supernovas. The cluster is heavily obscured and has not been detected in the visible light. It lies close to other groups of red supergiants known as Stephenson 2, RSGC3 and Alicante 8. The mass of RSGC1 is estimated at 30 thousand solar masses, which makes it one the most massive open clusters in the Galaxy.
The symbols used in RMS4CC
**Royal Mail 4 State Customer Code** (commoly abbreviated to RM4SCC) is a two-dimensional barcode that was develooped by Royal Mail in England. It is used for marking the postcodes of letters and parcels in the UK. The system, or one of its variants is also used in other countries. The printed code is optimized for being read at a high speed.

The barcode consists of a number of vertical bars. Each bar has one of four possible states. Four bars are necessary to code one of 36 possible characters. Two of the four bars point upwards, the other two point downwards. RM4SCC uses start and stop symbols. The RM4SCC barcode includes a checksum, which is also encoded as a character. 

There are other barcode systems, which are similar. PostNL, (formerly known as TNT Post), uses a system called **KIX** which stands for **K**lant **i**nde**x** (Customer index). This system does not use the start and stop characters, and does not include a checksum.

Universal Postal Union has defined a standard how the system should be used.

Note that the code is read and printed at high speed, at which it is usually not possible to print straight lines; for this reason, the lines being "bent" is a normal state.
The **yellow-bellied weasel** (*Mustela kathiah*) is a type of weasel. It lives in pine forests in central and eastern Asia.

Description
-----------

This type of weasel is named for its yellow-colored underbelly; the upperside of the body and the tail are of a dark brown. Yellow-bellied weasels can grow up to 9.8–10.6 inches (25–27 cm) long. The tail is 4.9–5.9 inches (12–15 cm) long. It weighs about 3.3 pounds (1.5 kg).

Distribution and Habitat
------------------------

It lives in Bhutan, Burma, China, India, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam. It lives in forests between 1,000 m and 2,000 m in elevation. In winter, it may come down lower than 1,000 m.

Feeding
-------

Yellow-bellied weasels mostly eat rodents such as mice, rats, and voles. They will also eat birds and small mammals.

Reproduction
------------

Yellow-bellied weasels first build a den in the ground. They breed every year. Mating happens in late spring or early summer. Females are pregnant for about ten months. The female gives birth to 3-18 kits in April or May. By the time the kits are eight weeks old, they are ready to go out and hunt by themselves.

Economic importance
-------------------

Yellow-bellied weasels are easily trained. It can be used to control rodents in buildings.
**Puneri Pagadi** is a turban, a cloth worn on the head. This turban is worn by people from Pune on special days. *Puneri* means "belonging to Pune" and *pagadi* means turban. It is used as a mark of respect in Pune. It is a custom that is about 200 years old.

The *pagadi* used to be worn by people to show pride but now it is also worn on special occasions.

History
-------

The *pagadi* was introduced 200 years ago by Mahadev Govind Ranade, who was a social reformer. It was also later worn by leaders like Lokmanya Tilak, J.S. Karandikar, D.D. Sathye, Tatyasaheb Kelkar and Datto Vaman Potdar. The *pagadi* became more famous in 1973 after a Marathi play.

In 2009, it was given the status of Geographic Indication (GI) which means that the *pagadi* will be a property of only Pune. No one else can sell any such turban under the name of *Puneri Pagadi* outside Pune.Only Brahmins used to use this pagadi in that era.

Use
---

The *pagadi* is used in marriages. It is also used on special events in schools and colleges (commonly on traditional days). It is used by actors while performing *gondhal* art form. The *pagadi* is also given as an award sometimes.

Proprietary status
------------------

*Shree Puneri Pagadi Sangh* is a group of 10 people. They are the ones who applied for getting a GI tag for the *pagadi*. Actually, Great Mission Group Consultancy submitted the application for them. The aim of this was to protect the identity of the *pagadi*. They also wanted to protect the *Puneri* culture. The application was accepted and on 4 September 2009, the *pagadi* became an intellectual property. Before this, the GI tag was also given to Indian products like Tirupati *ladoos*, Darjeeling tea, Banarasi *saris*.
The **Xbox Live Vision** is a webcam designed for the Xbox 360 and Xbox Live.

Overview
--------

The camera can be used for video chat, personalized gamer pictures, in-game video chat, and still pictures. The camera features 640 × 480 video at 30 fps and is capable of taking still images at 1.3 megapixels. It allows for video chat and picture messages using an Xbox Live Gold Subscription with video effects along with in-game compatibility.

It also features three camera effects, in which the currently captured video image is overlaid on the dashboard background. The three effects are 'watery', 'edgy', and 'dotty'. The camera uses a standard USB 2.0 connection and is also Windows (XP and newer) and Mac OS X (v10.4.9 and newer) compatible.

The Xbox Live Vision Camera was announced at E3 2006 and released in North America on September 19, 2006, following a 1-month pre-launch period in which Toys "R" Us stores in New York City and Los Angeles sold them to build up hype. It was released in Europe and Asia on October 6, 2006, and November 2, 2006 in Japan.

PC compatibility
----------------

The Vision Camera is compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 2 using USB 2.0 connection. It requires a microphone for audio when used on a PC. Drivers are not included with the Vision Camera–you must allow Windows to download them automatically when prompted. 

If the Vision Camera is not working and appears as a device in "Universal Serial Bus Controllers" in Device Manager, try the following:

1. Go to Device Manager
2. Go to USB Controllers, select the camera, right click, and choose Update Driver
3. Choose "Install from Specific Location"
4. Choose "Don't Search"
5. Select USB Composite device

After a few seconds, the device will appear in "Imaging Devices." In "USB Controllers" there will be an entry called "Microsoft Xbox 360 Live Vision Security Method 3." This indicates the camera is installed and ready for use.

  

Mac OS X 10.4.9 added support for the USB "video class" group of peripherals, including Vision Camera. They work in iChat, Photo Booth and other applications that use Quicktime for video display, such as Skype. Connection over USB2 is also mandatory. 

The Vision Camera is also compatible with Sony's PlayStation 3 (requires firmware 1.54).

Other websites
--------------

* Xbox Live Vision Archived 2008-07-27 at the Wayback Machine, Xbox.com
* Xbox Live Membership levels explained on Xbox.com Archived 2008-06-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Using Xbox Live Vision with Windows
**Xenophanes** of Colophon, c.570 – c.475 BC, was a Greek philosopher, poet, and social and religious critic.

Our knowledge of his views comes from fragments of his poetry, surviving as quotations by later Greek writers. To judge from these, his poetry criticized and satirized a wide range of ideas. This included Homer and Hesiod, the belief in the pantheon of anthropomorphic gods and the Greeks' love of athletics and athleticism. He is the earliest Greek poet who claims explicitly to be writing for future generations, creating "fame that will reach all of Greece, and never die while the Greek kind of songs survives".

Philosophy
----------

Xenophanes' surviving writings display a skepticism that became more commonly expressed during the 4th century BC. He satirized the polytheistic beliefs of earlier Greek poets and of his own contemporaries. "Homer and Hesiod" one fragment states, "have attributed to the gods all sorts of things that are matters of reproach and censure among men: theft, adultery, and mutual deception". Sextus Empiricus reported that such ideas were savored by Christian apologists. Xenophanes is quoted, memorably, in Clement of Alexandria, arguing against the conception of gods as fundamentally anthropomorphic:

> But if cattle and horses and lions had hands  
> or could paint with their hands and create works such as men do,  
> horses like horses and cattle like cattle  
> also would depict the gods' shapes and make their bodies  
> of such a sort as the form they themselves have.  
> ...  
> Ethiopians say that their gods are snubnosed and black  
> Thracians that they are pale and red-haired.
> 
>

Monotheist?
-----------

His remark "God is one, supreme among gods and men, and not like mortals in body or in mind". led some to claim he was the first monotheist. Others pointed out that he still referred to other gods.
**Zofis** and **Koko** are fictional characters from the manga and anime series *Zatch Bell!*.

Zofis
-----

* Age: 14 years old
* Spellbook color: dark magenta
* Spell atribute: explosion
* First spell: Radom (ラドム, *Radomu*)
* Hobbies: chess, shogi, commanding, playing with human hearts
* Favorite food: fish, sheep, raspberry cake

**Zofis** (ゾフィス, *Zofisu*) is a one of Mamodo children who came to Human World to participate in the Mamodo Battle. The first time he appears in Sherry's flashback, in the chapter 54, and later he became the main antagonist of the *Ancient Mamodo* story arc. 
Zofis is very strong and dangerous mamodo who wants to become king at any cost and rule with an iron fist. He likes to command and prefer others to do dirty work for him. Zofis freed the Ancient Mamodos, which were turned into the stone tablets in the previous Mamodo Battle, to create an army for himself.
Zofis main power is explosion, but he have many non-spell abilities that don't require partner to use.

Zofis is short and slim. He has long curly blonde hair, black eyes, soft facial features and dark colored lips. Due to his look, he was mistaken for female by some readers, but author confirmed Zofis is a male. Zofis wears a white robe and a big white hat. His legs are not visible and always hidden under the robe. When Zofis hides under the mask and a purple cape he introduce himself as **Milordo-Z** (ロード, *Lord*).

Zofis appears in episodes: 12, 48, 51, 53-59, 61, 68-71, 74-81, 83-88, 107, 145.

Zofis also appears in videogames:

* Konjiki no Gashbell!!: Makai no Bookmark
* Zatch Bell!: Mamodo Fury
* Konjiki no Gashbell!!: Unare! Yuujou no Zakeru 2
* Zatch Bell!: Mamodo Battles
* Konjiki no Gashbell!!: Go! Go! Mamono Fight!!

Koko
----

* Birthday: january 8th
* Age: 18 years old
* Blood type: A type
* Height: 165 cm
* Hobbies: mending, accessory making
* Favorite food: omelette, apple pie
* Favorite type: hard-working person

**Koko** (ココ, *Koko*) is the partner of Zofis. She is a poor girl from France.
When she was a child, she saved Sherry from death and later they became best friends. Koko is kind and gentle, she had no interest in fighting and participating in the Mamodo Battle. But Zofis changed her and made her power-loving, full of hate and envy to her best friend Sherry. But at the same time, Zofis made Koko attached to him, and ready to give her life for him.

Koko has short brown hair and brown eyes but under Zofis' control her eyes changed to purple. Under his control her style are changed too, from casual to sophisticated.
**Princess Taiping** was a princess of Tang dynasty China. She was the daughter of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian. She became an important figure during her mother's rule as Empress in the second Zhou dynasty 690-705 AD.

Princess Taiping supported saving the Tang dynasty and the Li family. After the death of Empress Wu Zetian in 705, Princess Taiping joined with her nephew Li Longji (later Emperor Xuanzong) to get power for the Tang dynasty again. In 710, she and Li Longji stopped Empress Wei's plan to gain power.

Relationship with Li Longji
---------------------------

Princess Taiping was also known for her beauty. In the Chinese history (mishi/秘史), it has been said that, after losing two marriages, Princess Taiping loved Li Longji. Mishi said that Emperor Xuanzong told of his love for his aunt in his autobiography. Li Longji confessed that he had fallen in love with Princess Taiping at first sight. He thought of her as a goddess-like figure. However, the truth is still unknown.

After Emperor Xuanzong became ruler in 712 AD, Princess Taiping's old age and power was seen as a threat to the young emperor, and she was given a death sentence to kill herself in 713 AD.
**William Franklin** (c.1730 – November 1813) was an American soldier, attorney, and colonial administrator, the acknowledged illegitimate son of Benjamin Franklin. He was the last colonial Governor of New Jersey (1763–1776). Franklin was a steadfast Loyalist throughout the American Revolutionary War.

Early life
----------

William Franklin was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was the illegitimate son of Benjamin Franklin, a leading figure in the city. His mother's identity is unknown.
In 1750, Ben told his own mother that William was nineteen years old, but this may have been an attempt to make the youth appear legitimate.

William was raised by Benjamin Franklin and Deborah Read.

Marriage and family
-------------------

As a young man, William became engaged to Elizabeth Graeme, daughter of prominent Philadelphia physician Dr. Thomas Graeme and granddaughter of Pennsylvania's 14th Governor, Sir William Keith.

While in London, Franklin sired an illegitimate son, William Temple Franklin, who was born 22 February 1762. His mother has never been identified, and he was placed in foster care.

Later that year, Franklin married Elizabeth Downes on September 4, 1762 at St George's, Hanover Square in London.

Career
------

William Franklin completed his law education in England.

### Governor of New Jersey

In 1763, William Franklin was appointed as the Royal Governor of New Jersey, due to his father's influence with the British Prime Minister. He replaced Josiah Hardy, a merchant and colonial administrator. As governor, Franklin signed the charter for Queen's College, which would develop as Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.
**Richard Mason** (16 May 1919-13 October 1997) was a British novelist and screenwriter. He is best known for writing *The World of Suzie Wong*. The book was adapted into a Broadway play in 1958. Mason's work became the basis for the 1960 film starring William Holden and Nancy Kwan.

Among Mason's film screenplays was *At Town Like Alice*. His work was nominated for the 1956 BAFTA British screenplay award.

Selected works
--------------

In an overview of writings by and about Mason, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 20+ works in 180+ publications in 15 languages and 1,400+ library holdings.

*This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.*
* *The Wind Cannot Read,* 1946
* *The Shadow and the Peak,* 1949
* *The World of Suzie Wong,* 1957
* *The Passionate Summer,* 1958
* *The Fever Tree,* 1962

Other websites
--------------

* Richard Mason at IMDb

  


| Persondata |
| --- |
| Name | Mason, Richard |
| Alternative names |  |
| Short description | British writer |
| Date of birth | 16 May 1919 |
| Place of birth |  |
| Date of death | 13 October 1997 |
| Place of death |  |
**Yaaa Ayyuhal Lazeena Aamanu** (Arabic: يايها الذين امنوا; literally meaning o you who believe), is a Quranic expression that reminds the Muslim believers in some of their daily life matters. It is a characteristic of the Medinan surah.

History
-------

This Quranic expression was first revealed after the migration of the prophet Muhammad to Medina in circa 623. That time, it was revealed as an important advice to the Medinan who have believed (Allah).

Meaning
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There are various meanings of the Quranic expression. It literally means o you who believe, o ye who believe, o ye of faith, o you who have believed. But, this expressions is also divided to different terms but same meaning, such as o believers, o people of faith. The term o people of faith is derived from Persian ای اهل ایمان.

Verses and surahs that contains the expression Yaaa Ayyuhal Lazeena Aamanu
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2:104, 2:153, 2:172, 2:178, 2:183, 2:208, 2:254, 2:264, 2:267, 2:278, 2:82, 3:100, 3:102, 3:118, 3:130, 3:149, 3:156, 3:200, 4:19, 4:29, 4:43, 4:59, 4:71, 4:94, 4:135, 4:136, 4:144, 5:1, 5:2, 5:6, 5:8, 5:11, 5:35, 5:51, 5:54, 5:57, 5:87, 5:90, 5:94, 5:95, 5:101, 5:105, 5:106, 8:15, 8:20, 8:24, 8:27, 8:29, 8:45, 9:23, 9:28, 9:34, 9:38, 9:119, 9:123, 22:77, 24:21, 24:27, 24:58, 33:9, 33:41, 33:49, 33:53, 33:56, 33:69, 33:70, 47:7, 47:33, 49:1, 49:2, 49:6, 49:11, 49:12, 57:28, 58:9, 58:11, 58:12, 59:18, 60:1, 60:10, 60:13, 61:2, 61:10, 61:14, 62:9, 63:9, 64:14, 66:6, 66:8
***Wrath of the Titans*** is a 2012 American-British-Spanish fantasy-adventure film directed by Jonathan Liebesman. It is a sequel to Clash of the Titans, and stars Sam Worthington, Liam Neeson, Rosamund Pike, Ralph Fiennes, Édgar Ramírez, Toby Kebell and Bill Nighy. The film takes place ten years after the events of the first film and involves Perseus battling to save Zeus-who is being held captive in the Underworld-as well as defeat the Titans (who have broken free from Tartarus thanks to the gods losing control of them while their immortality is draining) and save mankind. Like its predecessor it gained poor critical reviews, but was commercially successful. A sequel called *Revenge of the Titans* was in production but later scrapped.

Plot
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Ten years after battling the Kraken, Perseus (Sam Worthington) lives a simple life as a widower fisherman raising his son Helius (John Bell). Zeus (Liam Neeson) visits Perseus, asking for help, revealing that Kronos, the leader of the Titans, is escaping from the Underworld and the walls of Tartarus-where the Titans are imprisoned-are crumbling thanks to humanity's lack of prayers which is also causing the gods' immortality to drain. Perseus declines, valuing his family's safety.

Zeus travels to the underworld where he meets his brothers Hades (Ralph Fiennes) and Poseidon (Danny Huston) and son Ares (Édgar Ramírez). He asks for Hades' help in rebuilding the walls of Tartarus, but he rejects the offer and attacks Zeus. Ares betrays his father, imprisons him and steals his thunderbolt. Hades and Ares plan to make a deal with Kronos: they will drain Zeus's divine power to revive him in exchange for remaining immortal. The walls of Tartarus crumble and the Titans are unleashed.

After battling a chimera which attacked his village, Perseus travels to the underworld to meet Zeus. He instead discovers Poseidon, who is severely wounded and, after informing of the circumstances, tells Perseus to find his demigod son Agenor (Toby Kebbell), who will lead him to the blacksmith god Hephaestus (Bill Nighy). Poseidon gives Perseus his trident and dies of his injuries, crumbling into dust.

Perseus, Andromeda (Rosamund Pike) and Agenor travel to a hidden island to find Hephaestus. Agenor explains that Hephaestus the weapons that Zeus, Poseidon and Hades use; the thunderbolt, trident and pitchfork and these weapons can form the Spear of Trium, which can destroy Kronos.
The **SUBE card** (standing for **S**istema **Ú**nico de **B**oleto **E**lectrónico; literal English translation: *Unique Electronic Ticket System*), is a system implemented in Argentina as of 2011 that allows each user with their respective smart card to pay for trips on buses, subways, trains, among other means of transportation. transport adhered to the 'Red SUBE', both in public transport in the Metropolitan Area of ​​Buenos Aires (AMBA) and in the interior of the country.

The **SUBE** Card is similar to other solutions implemented in highly concentrated cities, both in Argentina (Rosario, Córdoba, Posadas, Salta or San Miguel de Tucumán, Bahía Blanca) and in the rest of the world (London, Paris, Hong Kong, Seoul, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Bogotá, Santiago de Chile, Asunción, Montevideo or Andalusia).

It is the only valid payment method for all public transport services in the City of Buenos Aires since December 10, 2015.

History
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### Incorporation and implementation

SUBE Certified ticket validator for buses
The distribution of the cards was initially carried out free of charge; All you had to do was complete a form and present a document that validates the applicant's identity. To this end, a strong promotional campaign was launched and collection centers were set up.

### Expansion

The SUBE card arrived in the big cities of Argentina in 2015. This was announced by the Ministry of the Interior and Transport, which published resolution 1535/2014 in the Official Gazette to implement the SUBE throughout the country. country. Other urban agglomerations to join the system are San Juan and Partido de la Costa (Province of Buenos Aires). 

On January 5, the Goverment presented the card in Villa Gesell. On February 2, the SUBE was inaugurated in the cities of Paraná and Santa Fe, capitals of the provinces of Entre Ríos and Santa Fe, respectively. It was also implemented in Mendoza and in Formosa.

### SUBE Digital

In December 2019, a digital version of the *SUBE card* was presented. This would allow paying for public transport using an Android cell phone with NFC technology. It works even without mobile data in the system. cell phone. This application would enable users to travel without carrying a physical card.

At the time of the presentation, it was estimated that its launch would take place between five and seven months later.

Another mobile application for Android called *Carga SUBE* allows, by bringing the physical card close to an NFC-compatible cell phone, reading the balance, the last trips made and activating electronic charges.
**SD Compostela** is a football club which plays in Spain.

History
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Founded in 1928, Compostela spent the better part of that and the following decades playing professional football. On October 28, 1962, the newly formed SD Compostela merged with the Club Arenal. The decade of the 1970s was irregular. The team played in the Tercera División, in the Regional category and in the new Segunda División B. Its first promotion to a semi-national stage occurred in 1977, with a promotion to Segunda División B (Group 1), which lasted just one season; *Compos* promoted again in 1980, this time lasting six years.

Relegation in 1986 was compounded by off-field controversy surrounding the actions of then president Francisco Steppe. He resigned amid allegations of receipt of payments to throw a game against Pontevedra CF, which would assure the opposition's maintenance in the category. The late 1980s saw a significant restructuring of the club both at board and management levels and, in 1990, Compostela regained third-level status.

The following campaign was to prove the club's most successful to date. On 23 June 1991, a capacity crowd of 8,000 at the *Estadio Municipal Santa Isabel*, saw goals from Juanito and Ochoa (two) clinch a 3–1 victory in the final play-off match against CD Badajoz, for a first-ever Segunda División visit.

The move to *Estadio Multiusos de San Lázaro* coincided with the continuing rise in the team's fortunes and, at the end of 1993–94, following a 3–1 play-off victory against Rayo Vallecano, Compostela reached La Liga. Compostela did remarkably well, and reached a best finish of 10th in 1995–96, mainly courtesy of strikers Christopher Ohen and Bent Christensen, whom totalled 23 league goals.

After four seasons at the top, Compostela was relegated after losing a relegation play-off match to Villarreal CF on the away goals rule, despite playing overall attractive football. The club was also about to start a downward spiral; after a relegation to the third level in 2001 the team returned the following year but, in the following campaign, played to a backdrop of off-field distractions, with the players and staff going unpaid for months – a final ninth place was not enough to prevent another relegation, as the club failed to meet the 31 July deadline to settle all wage debts.
**SDSS J1229+1122** (**SDSS J122952.66+112227.8**) is a blue supergiant O-type star in the tail of dwarf irregular galaxy IC 3418. It illuminates a nebula clump of gas, and was discovered from the spectrum of the illumination source. The clump of gas lives in a tail caused by ram pressure stripping of gas from the galaxy by the galaxy cluster. It was decided to be a blue supergiant through analysis of its spectrum.

Until the discovery of the doubly gravitationally lensed MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1 (also known as Icarus) in 2018, SDSS J1229+1122 was the most distant-known star, at 55 million light-years (17 Mpc) (stars more distant than this are only known through events that they cause, such as stellar explosions of supernovae and gamma ray bursts). (The record for the most distant star is, as of June 2017, a strongly lensed star at redshift 1.5 behind the galaxy cluster MACS1149.) The discovery was made by Drs. Youichi Ohyama and Ananda Hota, using the Subaru Telescope.

The star and its galaxy are in the Virgo Cluster of galaxies. The clump of gas that the star illuminates is referred to as *D3* or *IC3418 D3*, and lies within a filamentary structure referred to as *F1* or *IC3418 F1*. The galactic tail and all within it are escaping the galaxy to become intracluster flotsam (flotsam means trash), unattached to any galaxy, just the cluster.
Bucura Lake, the largest glacial lake in Romania
The **Retezat Mountains** (Romanian: *Munţii Retezat*, Hungarian: *Retyezát-hegység*) are one of the highest massifs in Romania. They are part of the Southern Carpathians. The highest peak is Peleaga (Vârful Peleaga), at an altitude of 2,509 m (8,232 ft). Other important peaks are Păpuşa (Varful Păpuşa) and Retezat Peak (Vârful Retezat).

The Retezat Mountains have many glacial lakes. The largest glacial lake in Romania, Bucura Lake (lacul Bucura) is in these mountains. It covers 8.9 ha (22.0 acres) and is located at an altitude of 2,030 m (6,660 ft) metres. The area also contains the Retezat National Park, Romania's first national park.

  

The Retezat Mountains seen from atop one of them (Vârfu Mare, "The Big Peak")

Other websites
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Category:Retezat***.

* Retezat page on **SummitPost**
* Website of Retezat National Park
* Maps of the Retezat
* Jiu Valley Portal Archived 2010-02-11 at the Wayback Machine - Romania's principal coalmining region and a gateway to the Retezat National Park
* Retezat - photographs + information in Czech Archived 2010-11-21 at the Wayback Machine
* Alpinet

Coordinates: 45°22′N 22°52′E﻿ / ﻿45.367°N 22.867°E﻿ / 45.367; 22.867
**Zhongxiao Fuxing** is a metro station on the Wenhu Line and Bannan Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of the Wenhu line station is **BR10** and the station code of the Bannan line station is **BL15**.

Wenhu line station platform
Bannan line station platforms

Station layout information
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The platform of Bannan line is underground and the platform of Wenhu line is above ground. An elevator connect the two lines to each other, which is currently the longest elevator in the Taipei Metro.

### Wenhu line

The station platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center on the Wenhu line and Platform 2 is for Taipei Zoo.

### Bannan line

The station platforms are located underground. Platform 1 is for Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center on the Bannan line or Kunyang. Platform 2 is for Dingpu or Far Eastern Hospital.

Around the station
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* Breeze Center - exit 5
* Shiatzy Chen (Daan Store)
* Central Clinic and Hospital
* Republic of China Air Force Headquarters
* Taiwan Contemporary Culture Lab
* SOGO Mall (Zhongxiao Branch - exit 4, Fuxing Branch - exit 2)
* Howard Plaza Hotel - exit 2
* Taipei City Hospital (Renai Branch)
* Huaisheng Elementary School
* Huaisheng Junior High School
*Glossopteris browniana* fossil in the Artis Zoo, Amsterdam
The term **seed ferns** (**Pteridospermatophyta**) are several groups of extinct seed plants (spermatophytes). 

The oldest fossil evidence of plants of this type is from Upper Devonian strata. They flourished during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. 

Pteridosperms declined during the Mesozoic Era and had mostly disappeared by the end of the Cretaceous. Some fossil pteridosperm-like plants seem to have survived into Eocene times in Tasmania.

History of the term
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The concept of the pteridosperms goes back to the late 19th century. Palaeobotanists saw that many Carboniferous fossils which looked like ferns had anatomical features like cycads. 

British palaeobotanists made the discovery that some of these fronds were associated with seeds, and concluded that the fronds and seeds belonged to the same plants.

Initially it was still thought that they were intermediate between the ferns and cycads. In the English-speaking world they were referred to as "seed ferns" or "pteridosperms". Today, most palaeobotanists regard them as being only distantly related to ferns and that these names are misleading. The names have nevertheless stuck.

Later during the 20th century, the concept of pteridosperms was expanded to include various Mesozoic groups of seed plants with fern-like fronds. Some palaeobotanists also included seed plant groups with entire leaves such as *Glossopteris* and its relatives, which was clearly stretching the concept. 

The seed ferns were by far the earliest seed plants, and must have included the ancestors of the later plants. They are spread across a number of clades, so many palaeobotanists today regard pteridosperms as little more than a paraphyletic 'grade-group'.

Does the concept of pteridosperms have any value today? Many palaeobotanists still use the term in an informal sense for the seed plants that are not angiosperms, coniferoids (conifers or cordaites), ginkgophytes or cycadophytes (cycads or bennettites). 

This is useful for extinct seed plant groups, whose relationships are unknown. We can call them" pteridosperms" with no suggestion of their being a clade. Also, for curators or collectors, the term 'pteridosperm' is a useful shorthand for describing fern-like fronds probably produced by seed plants, which are often found in Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossil floras.