recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Yozyouhan Sinwa Taikei** is a Japanese novel. It was written by Tomihiko Morimi. In 2010, it was adapted to an animated work and broadcast by Noitamina.

Outline
-------

At Kyoto University, a male student tries to change his life. The story differs somewhat between the original novel and the anime adaptation.

Novel
-----

The novel is organized into separate stories.

**1st story** The main character belongs to a movie club.

**2nd story** The main character becomes a pupil of Mr. Higuchi.

**3rd story** The main character belongs to a softball club.

**4th story** The main character belongs to secret organization.

Anime
-----

The anime is organized into separate stories.

**1st story** The main character belongs to tennis club "Cupid." 

**2nd story** The main character belongs to the movie club "Misogi."

**3rd story** The main character belongs to the cycling club "Soreiyu."

**4th story** The main character becomes a pupil to Mr. Higuchi.

**5th story** The main character belongs to a softball club "Honwaka."

**6th story** The main character belongs to an English conversation club "Joy English."

**7th story** The main character belongs to a Hero show club.

**8th story** The main character belongs to the reading club "SEA."

**9th story** The main character belongs to the secret organization "Fukuneko Hanten."

**10th story** The main character does not leave his room. 

**11th story** Pleasure to see.

Other websites
--------------

* Official website
* TV anime's official website
*Adam and Eve*, 1543
**Sebald Beham** (1500–1550) was a German printmaker who did his best work as an engraver. He also designed woodcuts, painted and worked as a miniaturist. He is one of the most important of the "Little Masters", a group of German artists making old master prints in the generation after Albrecht Dürer.

His name is often given as **Hans Sebald Beham**, although there is no documentary evidence that he ever used this additional forename.

Life
----

*Charitatis*, signed HSP
Beham was born in Nuremberg in 1500 into a family of artists. In 1525, he and his brother were banished from Nuremberg because they were thought to have not accepted the Churches ideas (heresy) and blasphemy. They came back to the city in 3 months, but Beham was banished again in 1528 for publishing a book which was plagiarised from an unpublished manuscript by Albrecht Dürer.

From 1532 he lived mostly in Frankfurt until he died in 1550.

Most people know him as "Sebald Beham". However, he signed some of his prints before 1532 with "HSP". After he moved to Frankfurt, he signed his prints with "HSB".

Work
----

Beham made about 252 engravings, 18 etchings and 1500 woodcuts. He worked on small, very detailed engravings (sometimes as small as a postage stamp). This makes him part of the German printmaking school called the "Little Masters", since their works were so small. He created and published his works himself, but his larger works were mostly commissioned work to be sold.

He also made prints to be used as cards, wallpaper, coats of arms, designs for other artists and designs for stained or painted glass. He also painted a table top (now in the Louvre ) for Cardinal Albrecht, Archbishop of Mainz.

*Death and the Standing Nude*, 1547
Beham mostly engraved pictures of peasants and scenes from myths or history, sometimes with erotic scenes as well. Since he was working at the same time as Dürer, the most recognised artist at the time, one of his early woodcuts, "Head of Christ", was thought to have been done by Dürer. Beham also worked with his brother Barthel, and shared ideas with him. Later, he re-drew some of Dürer's works like gus Melancholia of 1539.

### Books

After publishing a book about drawing horses, for which he was exiled, he wrote a book on drawing the human figure. His book was mostly just a simplified book of Dürer's own books, but his book was easier to use and cheaper than Dürer's books, so artists preferred to buy his.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Sebald Beham***.

* Links to online images of prints by Beham
* Hans Sebald Beham at Artcyclopedia
**Purdue Pharma** started as the **Purdue Frederick Company** in 1892. It was an American privately held pharmaceutical company in New York. Arthur, Mortimer, and Raymond Sackler bought it in 1952. They concentrated on pain management and advertised their drugs to doctors. Purdue Pharma L.P was created in 1991.

In 1996, Purdue Pharma started selling OxyContin, a new version of oxycodone, an opioid. It was approved by the FDA in 1995 after no long-term studies and no assessment of how addictive it was. Their advertising to doctors was very effective. The drug was very successful and made US$35 billion for Purdue. It is very easy to be addicted to it. From 1999 to 2020 opioids killed about 500,000 people in the USA. 

In 2007 the company was fined $634.5 million for misleading people about how addictive OxyContin was compared to other pain medicine. They carried on selling opioids until 2019. The company and the Sackler family were sued by hundreds of people and many American states. The company filed for bankruptcy.
***Half of a Yellow Sun*** is a book that was written by Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie in 2006, and was published by Knopf/Anchor. The book tells the story of two sisters Olanna and Kainene during the Biafran War.

Awards
------

*Half of a Yellow Sun* won the 2007 Orange Prize for Fiction in the women-only section. The award is given annually for the best original full-length book; Adichie gained £30,000 as a reward for winning the prize. *Purple Hibiscus*, her first novel, made the Orange Prize shortlist in 2004, and because of the success of *Half a Yellow Sun*, critics have said that Adichie may have even more success in the future.

Reviews
-------

The book got good reviews from critics, and it was included in *The New York Times'* 100 Most Notable Books of the Year, as well as winning the Orange Prize. In a review for *The Seattle Times*, Mary Brennan talks about the book as "A sweeping story that provides both a harrowing history lesson and an engagingly human narrative". *The Guardian's* Kate Kellaway said "An immense achievement, *Half of a Yellow Sun* has a ramshackle freedom and exuberant ambition," after reading the book. *The New York Times* did a review of the book, saying some good and some bad things about the book.

Political importance
--------------------

The Nigerian Civil War began on July 6, 1967 and lasted until January 15, 1970. The war began because of political struggles caused by the numerous attempts to secede from the southeastern provinces of Nigeria and create the Republic of Biafra. Political conflict between the Igbo’s, Yoruba’s, and the Hausa-Fulani ended up with two military coups. The Igbo tried to leave Nigeria to become the Republic of Biafra, but did not have very much support. From 1968 onward, the war was mostly a tie, with Nigerian forces unable to get an advantage over the Republic of Biafra. Many people died in the war, and even today there is still anger between the different ethnic and religious groups of Nigeria.

The story in *Half of a Yellow Sun* is centered around the war. The author has stated that many of the issues that caused the war remain today. She also said that the war is very talked about "in uninformed and unimaginative ways," and that the war is as important to the people today as it was in her book. Because none of the major political events were changed in the book, Adichie said that the book had "emotional truth," and that the book showed the war had a large impact on the people of Nigeria.
The **barnacle goose** (*Branta leucopsis*) belongs to the genus *Branta* of black geese. This genus has species with largely black plumage, setting them apart from the grey *Anser* species.

Description
-----------

The barnacle goose is a medium-sized goose, 55–70 cm (22–28 in) long. Its wingspan is 130–145 cm (51–57 in) and the body mass is 1.21–2.23 kg (2.7–4.9 lb). It has a white face and black head, neck, and upper breast. Its belly is white. The wings and its back are silver-gray with black-and-white bars that look like they are shining when the light reflects on it. During flight a V-shaped white rump patch and the silver-gray underwing linings can be seen.

Ecology, behavior and life history
----------------------------------

Juvelile gooseJuvenile
 *Branta leucopsis*
Barnacle geese often build their nests high on mountain cliffs. This keeps them away from predators (mostly Arctic foxes and polar bears) but also away from food. Like all geese, the goslings are not fed by the adults.

Instead of bringing food to the newly hatched goslings, the goslings are brought to the ground. Unable to fly, the three day old goslings jump off the cliff and fall. Their small size, feathery down, and very light weight helps to protect most of them from serious injury when they hit the rocks below. Some do die from the fall. Arctic foxes are attracted by the noise made by the parent geese during this time. They eat dead or injured goslings. The foxes also stalk the young as they are led by the parents to wetland feeding areas.
The white cliffs of Dover
The Needles: here the lines of flint in the chalk can be clearly seen.
Chalk cliff of Mers-les-Bains, at high tide. These photos show that the whole area was part of a high-temperature tropical sea full of chalk-producing microorganisms.
The **Upper Cretaceous** is the last geological epoch in the Cretaceous. It began 100.5 million years ago, and ended 66 million years ago.

The Cretaceous is traditionally divided into Lower Cretaceous (early), and Upper Cretaceous (late), because of the different rocks. The rocks reflect the conditions in which they were formed. From lowest to highest, it is subdivided into the Cenomanian, Turonian, Coniacian, Santonian, Campanian, and Maastrichtian ages. 

The Upper Cretaceous is the time of chalk. Chalk is composed of countless millions of calcareous (CaCO3) plates called coccoliths. They are so small they can only just be seen with a light microscope; details require an electron microscope. The plates are formed by single-celled planktonic algae called coccolithophores, and were laid down in the off-shore seas. 

The only other rock found in chalk is the flint, which is siliceous (silica, SiO2). This derives from those algae and animals which have skeletons of silica. Undoubtedly, this marks periods when the climate was somewhat different.

The Cretaceous was the last period when dinosaurs were the dominant land animals. *Triceratops*, *Tyrannosaurus* and *Velociraptor* lived at this time. The huge *Mosasaurus* was the dominant marine predator. In the Cretaceous period, birds became more diverse. Flowering plants developed more, and became the dominant plants on land. The Upper Cretaceous ended with the K/T extinction event.

Extinction events
-----------------

The end of the Cretaceous period is marked by the huge extinction event which marked the end of the dinosaurs. However, many groups had already disappeared long before then. There was an earlier extinction event in the Upper Cretaceous at the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary, about 95 to 90 million years ago. All we know about it is that there was huge volcanic activity which led to changes in sea life.

The event brought about the extinction of the pliosaurs, and most ichthyosaurs, and most lines of pterosaurs. Although the cause is uncertain, the result starved the Earth's oceans of oxygen for nearly half a million years. This caused the extinction of about 27 percent of marine invertebrates, including certain planktonic and benthic foraminifera, mollusks, bivalves, dinoflagellates and calcareous nannofossils. This global environmental disturbance increased atmospheric and oceanic temperatures. Boundary sediments show an enrichment of trace elements, and contain elevated δ13C values. δ13C varies in time as a function of biological productivity. This means the seas were no longer so favourable for life at that time, and many species went extinct.
**Yûsuke Natsu** (夏夕介, *Natsu Yûsuke*, October 30, 1950; Arao, Kumamoto - January 27, 2010, Tokyo, Japan), also known as **Yuki Taura** (田浦 幸, *Taura Yuki*) (his former stage name), was a Japanese keyboardist and actor. His real name was **Hisayuki Taura** (田浦 久幸, *Taura Hisayuki*) and his nickname was **Yuki** (ユキ).

Music and acting careers
------------------------

Natsu was in charge of the organ in the Osaka band "Grump Leeds". After graduating from high school in the spring of 1969, he moved to Tokyo after his professional debut with Akiko Wada, who was a vocalist for Grumpleys. Yuki Taura was added to the popular group sounds band "Ox" at the time, taking over Ai Akamatsu, who left the group in May of the same year after being bought by HoriPro, the agency of Wada." In 1970, he changed his stage name to "Yusuke Natsu" while enrolled in "Ox" and made his debut as a solo singer with "Tears Burning". At the same time, he entered the acting business and made his first movie debut with "Stray Cat Rock: Wild Jumbo". In 1971, the Ox was disbanded at the end of May. While appearing in the TV dramas like "How About A Beautiful Woman?", Natsu became a trainee of the theater company NLT.

Appearing on films and TV shows
-------------------------------

In 1972, he was selected to play the leading role of Junichiro Iwaki in the unique stage show-style hero program called "Assault! Human!!" (produced by Nippon TV), which was broadcast from October to December. In 1974, in "Love Love Rivals" (TBS series), while performing a comical performance, he turned aside and performed a comical performance, while in Ai to Makoto" (Tokyo 12 channel-current TV), a drama adaptation of the popular comic based on Ikki Kajiwara. As the leading role of Makoto Taiga, he played the opposite role of Kimiko Ikegami, who made her first acting debut, and became a popular actress. In 1976, he starred in the movie "Ai no Nagisa" (directed by Junzen Nemoto, produced by Toho) for the first time. In the same year, he played the role of a protagonist again in "Space Ironmen Kyodain" as Joji Hayama / Skyzel, along side with Takeshi Sasaki (who previously portrayed Hayato Ichimonji in Kamen Rider (Mainichi Broadcasting System-TBS series).

Latter career
-------------

After appearing in dramas such as "Red Bond" (TBS) and "People Call It Scandal" (TBS), Natsu has appeared in crime action television drama "Tokusou saizensen" (TV Asahi) as a detective Shunichi Kano since 1980. Regular appearance for 7 years until 1987. After that, he developed a Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. Although he disappeared from the front stage for a while due to symptoms such as facial nerve paralysis, Natsu overcame this and played an active role as an actor representative of "Gekidan Theater Japan". He died at a hospital in Tokyo on January 27, 2010 due to stomach cancer at the age of 59.
Pink Fairy Armadillo, *Chlamyphorus truncatus*
A **armadillo** is in the **Cingulata**, an order of New World placental mammals. The living ones have a leathery armored shell. The word *armadillo* is Spanish for "little armored one".

There are about 10 living genera and about 20 species of armadillo. Their average length is about 75 centimeters (30 in), including the tail. The giant armadillo grows up to 100 cm (39 in) and weigh 30 kg (66lbs). All species live in the Americas. Most of the 20 species are found in open areas, such as grasslands, but some also live in forests.

Armadillos species are mostly found in South and Central America, especially around Paraguay. Many species are endangered.

Embryology
----------

The nine-banded armadillo has an unusual reproductive system, in which genetically identical quadruplets are born in each litter.

Because they are always genetically identical clones, the group of four young is a good subject for scientific, behavioural or medical tests. They provide the same biological and genetic makeup, and then get different treatment. This is the only regular case of 'polyembryony' in the class Mammalia, where one fertilised egg splits into four embryos. It only happens in the genus ***Dasypus***, and not in all armadillos. Other animals which have this reproductive method are parasitoid wasps, certain flatworms and various aquatic invertebrates.

Classification
--------------

**Order CINGULATA**

* †Family **Pampatheriidae**: giant armadillos
* †Family **Glyptodontidae**: glyptodonts
* Family **Dasypodidae**: armadillos
	+ Subfamily Dasypodinae
	+ Subfamily Tolypeutinae

† indicates extinct taxon
**Ernest "Ernie" Coombs**, CM (November 26, 1927 – September 18, 2001) who was most famous for being the host of the popular Canadian television TV show called *Mr. Dressup*. 'Mr. Dressup was on TV for a very long time.

He was born in Lewiston, Maine in 1927. After he finished school at the North Yarmouth Academy he decided to find work entertaining children. He first started learning how to do this when he moved to Canada in 1963 and started working for Fred Rogers on an early version of *Mister Rogers' Neighborhood*. This show was on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation TV channel. After Rogers moved back to the United States in 1964 Coombs stayed in Canada. His next work was on a TV show called *Butternut Square* which was on TV from 1964 to 1967.

After *"Butternut Square"* ended Coombs started the *"Mr. Dressup"* TV show. It would become one of Canada's longest-running children's TV shows. As Mr. Dressup he would do art, sing songs, tell stories and play children's games. In each show Mr. Dressup would dress up in costumes that he would find in a box he called his *"Tickle Trunk"*.

Coombs became a Canadian citizen in 1994.

His TV show did not stop until February 1996. The same year, he was named a Member of the Order of Canada Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine. 

Repeats of his TV show were shown on CBC Television until 2006.

After he retired from TV Coombs continued to work entertaining children and did a lot of work to raise money for many children's charities.

Coombs had a stroke on September 10, 2001. He died on September 18, 2001 in Toronto, Ontario. He was 73 years old when he died.

Other websites
--------------

* Ernie Coombs' Order of Canada Citation Archived 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
* Ernie Coombs' CBC personalities page
* Canadian Connections' Ernie Coombs page Archived 2006-02-11 at the Wayback Machine
* The Mr. Dressup Pictures and Sound Page by Buffalonian Steve Cichon

### Multimedia

* CBC Archives Remembering Mr. Dressup - CBC News 2001
Portrait of John Keats by William Heaton (copying Joseph Severn)
**John Keats** (31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821) was an English poet. He is often ranked as one of the five most important poets of the Romantic movement in English literature; the other four are William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, and Percy Bysshe Shelley. Though Keats was the youngest of these poets, he also died before the others: he suffered from tuberculosis and died in Rome at the age of 25.

Keats was the son of an inn-keeper Thomas Keats, who died when Keats was nine years old and Frances Keats; and his mother died of tuberculosis in 1810. The young Keats began studying to be a surgeon, though his interest in literature grew stronger than his interest in medicine. He became a friend and follower of the poet and editor James Henry Leigh Hunt, and made his first attempts to write his own poetry. Keats's active writing life lasted only about six years, from the spring of 1814 through 1819. 

His short life meant that he wrote less than many other poets. His longest poems, *Endymion* and *Hyperion*, tell stories from ancient Greek mythology. Many of his shorter poems are among the best known in English literature, including the ballad "La Belle Dame sans Merci" and his sonnets and odes.

Keats was an active letter-writer throughout his life, like many people of his time. Hundreds of his letters to friends and relatives have survived, and Keats is often called one of the great letter writers in the English language.

Other websites
--------------


Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: ***John Keats***

* *The poetical works* of John Keats, edited by William T. Arnold, Kegan Paul, Trench & Co. London 1884.
**Therizinosaurs**  (or **segnosaurs**) are a clade of theropod dinosaurs which appear to be herbivorous. 

Therizinosaur fossils have been found in Cretaceous deposits in Mongolia, the People's Republic of China and Western North America. Various features of the forelimbs, skull and pelvis show they are theropods and maniraptorans, close relatives to birds.

History
-------

Early finds were incomplete, and showed strange anatomy with features typical of theropods, prosauropods and ornithischians. This led some scientists to think that segnosaurs were a late-surviving suborder of primitive dinosaurs.

It was not until the mid-1990s, that their true identity as herbivorous descendants of the carnivorous theropods became generally accepted. *Alxasaurus* was discovered, and had more typical theropod features; and *Therizinosaurus* was recognized as a member of the segnosaur group.

The connection between the therizinosaurids and other theropods was made clear when primitive members of the group, such as *Beipiaosaurus* (1999) and *Falcarius* (2005) were discovered. The scientists who described *Falcarius* noted that it seemed to represent an intermediate stage between carnivorous and herbivorous theropods, a sort of "missing link" between predatory maniraptorans and plant-eating therizinosaurs.

Although they are now classified as theropods, therizinosaurs had skulls similar to those of sauropods and the shape of their teeth and jaws do make it likely that they were herbivores.
**Microbiotheria** are a small order of marsupial mammals with only one living species, the **Monito del Monte** (Spanish for 'little mountain monkey').

It is the only New World representative of the superorder Australidelphia; all other New World marsupials are part of the Ameridelphia.

The species is nocturnal and arboreal, and lives in thickets of Chilean bamboo in the temperate rain forests of the southern Andes. It eats mainly insects and other small invertebrates, supplemented with fruit.

At one time, they were placed in the order Didelphimorphia, the opossums, but due to many morphological differences, they were placed in another order. The skull's shape is strange, with many technical differences from the opossums.

Phylogeny and biogeography
--------------------------

An artistic rendering of the Monito del Monte
It has long been suspected that South American marsupials were ancestral to those of Australia. The two continents were connected via Antarctica in the early Cainozoic era.

Australia’s earliest known marsupial is *Djarthia*, a primitive mouse-like animal that lived about 55 million years ago. *Djarthia* had been identified as the earliest known australidelphian, and this research suggested that the Monito del Monte was the last of a clade which included *Djarthia*.

In 2010, analysis of retrotransposon insertion sites in the nuclear DNA of marsupials confirmed the placement of the Monito del Monte in Australidelphia. It also showed its position as the most basal of that superorder.

The study also confirmed that the most basal of all marsupial orders are the other two South American lineages (Didelphimorphia and Paucituberculata, with the former probably branching first). This indicates that Australidelphia arose in South America (with the ancestors of all other living marsupials), and probably reached Australia in a single dispersal event after Microbiotheria split off (originated).
Fossil skull from Dmanisi.
***Homo georgicus*** is a species of *Homo* that was proposed in 2002. It is based on fossil skulls and jaws found in Dmanisi, Georgia in 1999 and 2001. They seem intermediate between *Homo habilis* and *H. erectus*.

A partial skeleton was discovered in 2001. The fossils are about 1.8 million years old. The remains were first discovered in 1991 by Georgian scientist, David Lordkipanidze, accompanied by an international team which unearthed the remains. Implements and animal bones were found alongside the ancient human remains.

At first, scientists thought they had found mandibles and skulls belonging to *Homo ergaster*, but size differences led them to name a new species.

Interpretations
---------------

Location of discovery
Drawing of Dmanisi skull D-2282
### Small skull

At around 600 cm³ brain volume, the skull D2700 is dated to 1.77 million years old and it is in good condition. The cranium was the smallest and most primitive Hominin skull ever discovered outside of Africa.

In Africa, the *Australopithecines* and early *Homo* represent two distinctive evolutionary paths sharing a common ancestor. In Georgia the specimens, with a brain half the size of anatomically modern humans, were the smallest found until the discovery of *Homo floresiensis* on the island of Flores in 2003.

There is a strong sexual dimorphism present, with males being significantly larger than females. This is a primitive trait. It is less obvious in more recent human species in Europe (i.e. *Homo antecessor*, *Homo heidelbergensis* and *Homo neanderthalensis*).

The small size of this species contrasts with the much larger size of *Homo erectus*. *H. georgicus* was the first species of *Homo* to settle in Europe, some 800,000 years before *H. erectus*.

Later, four fossil skeletons were found, showing a species primitive in its skull and upper body but with relatively advanced spines and lower limbs, providing greater mobility. They are now thought to represent a stage soon after the transition between *Australopithecus* and *Homo erectus*, and have been dated at 1.8 million years before the present. The assemblage includes one of the largest Pleistocene Homo mandibles (D2600), one of the smallest Lower Pleistocene mandibles (D211), a nearly complete sub-adult (D2735), and a specimen without teeth (D3900).

Classification
--------------

*H. georgicus* is often classified as ***Homo erectus georgicus***. The classical textbook definition of *H. erectus* included a brain size range of between 900–1150 ccs. If the *georgicus* specimens and the Flores specimens (*Homo floresiensis*) are included in *H. erectus*, then the range of brain capacities is two-fold, from 600 ccs to 1150 ccs. *Homo ergaster* is also considered by some to be a subspecies of *H. erectus*. Size has something to do with it: both the *georgicus* and *floriensis* were much smaller than the classic *erectus*, which was as tall as modern man. The classification of all these species or subspecies is provisional at present, and still being debated.

Other websites
--------------

* Foley, Jim 2009. "Skull D2700". TalkOrigins Archive. Retrieved 9 September 2009.
**Manfred Maria Porsch** (born 14 April 1950 in Vienna) is an Austrian composer and teacher. He composes Austrian contemporary worship music.

Manfred Porsch comes from the Focolare Movement. In 1971 and 1972, he toured with Gen Rosso. In 1983, he won first prize at the "Worldfestival of religious Song", the "Rassegna Mondiale della Canzone Religiosa Populare" in Rome. In 1987, Porsch founded "Musica e Vita Österreich" and started the festival series "Fest der Lieder". He has published about 200 songs.

In 2012, after a long break from writing music, Porsch published new songs with the producer Thomas Raber.

Songs
-----

* Melchior
* Wer schweigt, stimmt zu
* Messe (Ein Fest der Freude)
* Der Geist des Herrn ruht auf mir
* Du bist das Licht auf dem Weg
* Singen wir des Lied vom Frieden (produced by Thomas Raber, RATOM-Edition 2012)
* Eine Schule für coole (produced by Thomas Raber, RATOM-Edition 2012)

Other websites
--------------

* www.manfredporsch.com
* wordcat identities

  


| Persondata |
| --- |
| Name | Porsch, Manfred |
| Alternative names | Porsch, Manfred Maria |
| Short description | Austrian composer and teacher |
| Date of birth | 14 April 1950 |
| Place of birth | Vienna, Austria |
| Date of death |  |
| Place of death |  |
May Pang in 2002
**May (Fung-Yee) Pang** (born October 24, 1950) is an American former music executive. She was a personal assistant to former Beatle John Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono. She later became Lennon's companion and lover, when he separated from Ono in the mid-1970s. Pang was born in New York, New York to Chinese parents.

Pang was a secretary at ABKCO, a management company started by Allen Klein, in New York City. ABKCO's clients included three of the Beatles: Lennon, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. When Lennon and wife Ono needed an assistant, Pang was sent to England to work for them. She dated musician Peter Ham of Badfinger, and helped Lennon and Ono move to the United States, late in 1971.

During 1973, Lennon and Ono began to have problems in their marriage. Ono trusted Pang, and suggested her as a companion for Lennon, knowing he wanted to see other women. Lennon surprised Ono by taking Pang with him to Los Angeles, where he planned to record an album with Phil Spector. Lennon and Pang lived together for over a year, while he worked on new music, and tried to decide whether to divorce Ono or reconcile with her.

Lennon and Ono decided to reconcile early in 1975, and became the parents of Sean Lennon. Even though Pang had been involved with the marketing of several of Lennon's records, and also records by Harry Nilsson and Ringo Starr, she had a hard time finding a new job. She later found out the reason was because many companies were afraid Lennon would not want to do business with them, if he knew she worked there.

Pang finally found a job with Island Records, and later worked for RKO. She married record producer Tony Visconti, and they started a family. After Lennon's death in 1980, Pang wrote a memoir, titled *Loving John*. She also appeared on many talk shows, to discuss her relationship with Lennon.
The **International Basketball Federation** (**FIBA** /ˈfiːbə/ *FEE-bə*; French: *Fédération Internationale de Basketball*) is the governing body of the sport of basketball. Originally known as the *Fédération Internationale de Basketball Amateur*, in 1989 it dropped the word *amateur* from its name but kept the acronym; the "BA" now represents the first two letters of *basketball*.

FIBA defines the rules of basketball such what equipment and facilities to use, organises international competitions, regulates the transfer of athletes across countries, and controls the appointment of international referees. A total of 213 national federations are now members, organized since 1989 into five zones: Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania.

The FIBA Basketball World Cup is a world tournament for men's national teams held every four years. Teams compete for the Naismith Trophy, named in honor of basketball's Canadian creator James Naismith. The tournament occurred in the same year as the FIFA World Cup from 1970 through 2014, but starting in 2019, the Basketball World Cup will move to the year following the FIFA World Cup.

Other websites
--------------

* History of amateur and professional basketball in Canada at Frozen Hoops
* InterBasket – International Basketball News, Blog and Forum, covering FIBA, Euroleague, NBA
* FIBA at the Wayback Machine (archived 4 November 1996)

| Authority control Edit this at Wikidata |
| --- |
| International | 
* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities

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| National | 
* Spain
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| Other | 
* IdRef

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See also: Heterozygote advantage
**Hybrid vigour** (or hybrid vigor) is the improved activity and survival of hybrid offspring. The technical term in genetics is **heterosis**.

Inbreeding in a normal population leads to the offspring getting worse, less fit, less fertile and usually not living as long as the parents. The opposite, **outbreeding**, leads to fit, healthy, fertile offspring. This effect has been known for a long time. Animal breeders have known it since the 18th century, and Darwin investigated it in detail with plants.

On the other hand, when two parents are from widely different populations, such as different subspecies, this usually does not apply. In that case it is more usual for the hybrids to have lower fitness. Mules are usually not fertile, and that automatically makes them of lower fitness, as that term is used in biology. They are very hardy animals, but they leave few offspring. The puzzle for scientists has been to explain these facts.

Genetic theories
----------------

When a population is small or inbred, it tends to lose genetic diversity. The loss of fitness is due to loss of genetic diversity. Inbred strains tend to be homozygous for recessive alleles. Recessive alleles tend to be mildly harmful. Heterosis or hybrid vigor, on the other hand, is the tendency of outbred strains to exceed both inbred parents in fitness.

In the early 20th century, after Mendel's laws came to be understood and accepted, two explanations were proposed.

 **Genetic basis of heterosis**.

*Dominance hypothesis*. **Scenario A**.
Fewer genes are under-expressed in the homozygous individual. Gene expression in the offspring is equal to the expression of the fittest parent.

*Overdominance hypothesis*. **Scenario B**.
Over-expression of certain genes in the heterozygous offspring.

(The size of the circle depicts the expression level of gene A)
* **Dominance hypothesis**. Undesirable recessive alleles from one parent are suppressed by dominant alleles from the other. Inbred strains lose genetic diversity, because they become homozygous at many loci.
* **Overdominance hypothesis**. Certain combinations of alleles that can be obtained by crossing two inbred strains are advantageous in the heterozygote. Cases such as sickle-cell anaemia show this at one gene locus, and overdominance is explained by this happening at many loci.

Present status
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At present, the first idea seems to fit the facts best. "The current view ... is that the dominance hypothesis is the major explanation of inbreeding decline and the high yield of hybrids".

An epigenetic effect heterosis has been found in plants, and also in animals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which repress the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) or degrade mRNAs. The miRNAs may also have an effect on hybrid vigour.
The *R. robustus* specimen with *Psittacosaurus* remains in its stomach
***Repenomamus*** is the largest known mammal from the Cretaceous period. Its fossil was found in Manchuria.

There is good evidence that it fed on dinosaurs. It is not known whether *Repenomamus* was a hunter or a scavenger.

Life style
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*Repenomamus* was carnivorous. A specimen of *R. robustus* has been discovered with the fragmentary skeleton of a juvenile *Psittacosaurus* preserved in its stomach.

This is the strongest evidence that Mesozoic mammals fed on dinosaurs, though there were earlier indications of this.

The larger species, *R. giganticus*, is the largest mammal known from the Cretaceous. *R. giganticus* was more than 1 metre (39 inches) long and weighed about 12–14 kg (26–31 lb). Its skull measures 16 cm (6.25 in) long, its body 52 cm (20.5 in), and the preserved part of its tail 36 cm (14 in).

Discovery
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The fossils were recovered from the lagerstätte of the Yixian Formation in the Liaoning Province of China, renowned for its extraordinarily well-preserved fossils of feathered dinosaurs. They have been dated to 130 million years ago, during the Lower Cretaceous period.

*Repenomamus* is a genus of triconodonts, a group of mammaliaformes with no modern relatives.
**Bad Mitterndorf** is a market town in Salzkammergut in the Austrian state of Styria. On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Pichl-Kainisch and Tauplitz joined together to become the municipality of Bad Mitterndorf.

Bad Mitterndorf is between Salzburg and Graz. It is a popular winter sports resort and also as a location for hiking, climbing and cycling in the summer. Bad Mitterndorf is the site of two health spas with thermal baths, an outdoor swimming pool and other luxuries, cafés and leisure areas. The town is also the location of one of the world's five ski flying hills, Kulm. It is placed for trip to Hallstatt, Altaussee and its May narcissus festival, Bad Ischl and the Kaiservilla, and to Salzburg, 95 km away.

Population
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Historical population| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1951 | 3,809 | —     |
| 1961 | 3,974 | +4.3% |
| 1971 | 4,427 | +11.4% |
| 1981 | 4,563 | +3.1% |
| 1991 | 4,827 | +5.8% |
| 2001 | 5,000 | +3.6% |
| 2011 | 4,838 | −3.2% |
| 2021 | 4,940 | +2.1% |

Twin towns
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* Germany Röttingen, Germany, since 1978

Personalities
-------------

Famous people include the ski jumpers Hubert Neuper and Wolfgang Loitzl and the Nordic combined skier Marco Pichlmayer. Bad Mitterndorf is also the birthplace of Thomas Neuwirth (also known as Conchita Wurst), winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2014.

Other websites
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Bad Mitterndorf***.

* Official website (in German)
***Jerusalem Delivered*** (Italian: ***La Gerusalemme liberata*** [la dʒeruzaˈlɛmme libeˈraːta]) is an epic poem by the Italian poet Torquato Tasso, first published in 1581. It tells a largely fictional version of the First Crusade in which Christian knights, led by Godfrey of Bouillon, battle Muslims in order to take Jerusalem. The poem is composed of eight-line stanzas grouped into 20 cantos of varying length.

The work belongs to the Italian Renaissance tradition of the romantic epic poem. The poet frequently borrows plot elements and character types directly from *Orlando furioso* ("The Frenzy of Roland"), written in 1516 by Ludovico Aristo (1474-1533). Tasso's poem also has elements inspired by the classical epics of Homer and Virgil, especially in those sections of their works that tell of sieges and warfare. One of the most typical literary devices in Tasso's poem is the emotional conflict suffered by characters torn between their heart and their duty; the depiction of love at odds with martial courage or honor is a central source of lyrical passion in the poem.

Polish translation
------------------

**Goffred albo Jeruzalem wyzwolona** is a Polish translation of Torquato Tasso's *Gerusalemme liberata* (*Jerusalem Delivered*) (by Piotr Kochanowski. It was first printed in Cracow (Kraków) in 1618.

In the 16th century Polish literature flourished. One thing, however, lacked. There was no long epic poem in Poland. Jan Kochanowski, the greatest poet of the Renaissance in Kingdom of Poland, wrote many lyrical pieces and some stories in verse. His nephew, Piotr Kochanowski was the first poet to give an epic poem to the Poles. He did not write a poem on his own. He translated two epic masterpieces from the Italian. They were *Jerusalem Delivered* by Torquato Tasso and *Orlando Furioso* by Ludovico Ariosto.

The historical importance of Piotr Kochanowski's translation lies in its form. The poet used exactly the same form, ottava rima. It is an Italian strophe of eight lines. It is built of 11-syllable lines (endecasillabo in Italian). It rhymes abababcc. The strophe was used by Italian poets from 14th century. There are many long poems in ottava rima in Italian literature of 15th and 16th centuries. There were not any in Polish literature of the time. Piotr Kochanowski introduced the strophe into Polish poetry. There was another poet, Sebastian Grabowiecki, who used it earlier in Poland. He dit it, however, in one short poem. Into English poetry ottava rima was introduced many years before by Thomas Wyatt. In 17th century ottava rima became one of the most important verse forms in Poland.

Piotr Kochanowski's version of *Jerusalem Delivered* is still widely read. There are many new editions. His translation is used at school.
The **Royal Air Force** (acronym: **RAF**) is the air force of the United Kingdom. The RAF began in 1918 when the Royal Flying Corps (pronounced *core*) and the Royal Naval Air Service joined together. It is the oldest air force in the world. The first man to lead the RAF was Hugh Trenchard. The RAF has many bases across the world, including the United Kingdom, Falkland Islands, Cyprus and Gibraltar. Some examples of the British bases are RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland, RAF Valley in Wales, RAF Aldergrove in Northern Ireland and RAF Linton-on Ouse in England. The RAF has very new planes including the Eurofighter Typhoon, F35 Lightning II and the BAE Systems Hawk. The Hawk is used to train fast jet pilots. There are only 30 F35 Lightning II in the uk.

World War II
------------

The RAF were very busy during World War II. Many important planes were built for the RAF. The Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane helped defend Britain during the Battle of Britain. The Avro Lancaster bomber attacked Germany with strategic bombing. The RAF lost great numbers of pilots and aircraft, fighting around the world and especially against the *Luftwaffe*, the German Air Force.

Other websites
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* 241 Squadron RAF 1918 Great War Forum
* The RAF website
* pictures of RAF planes in action

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**Ramon Solsona i Sancho** (Barcelona, February 7, 1950) is a Catalan writer and journalist. He has a degree in Romance Philology from the University of Barcelona. He is also a high school teacher. Is known for his ironic style. He is a regular contributor to newspapers such as *El Punt* and *La Vanguardia*. He currently contributes to the radio program *El Matí de Catalunya Ràdio*. He also contributes to *Catalunya Ràdio* and *RAC 1.*

Career
------

He has also been a poet (satirist) under the pseudonym *Lo Gaiter del Besòs*. His novel *Les hores detingudes* won three literary awards in the same year. His work has been translated into Spanish and French. For television, he has worked as a writer for the series *Agència de viatges,* *Estació d'enllaç* and *El cor de la ciutat*. These were broadcast by TV3. He was co-author of the theme song of Futbol Club Barcelona (1998). In 2010 he received the premi Sant Jordi de novel·la for his book *L'home de la maleta*.

Works
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Ramon Solsona talking about Avel·lí Artís-GenerTísner
Solsona at St George's Day, 2013
### Short stories

* 1991: *Llibreta de vacances*
* 2006: *Cementiri de butxaca*

### Novels

* 1989: *Figures de calidoscopi*
* 1993: *Les hores detingudes*
* 1998: *DG*
* 1999: *No tornarem mai més*
* 2001: *El cor de la ciutat*
* 2004: *Línia blava*
* 2011: *L'home de la maleta*

### Poetry

* 1989: *Sac de gemecs*

### Nonfiction

* 1995: *Ull de bou*
* 1995 *Ull de vaca*
* 2005: *A paraules em convides*

Other websites
--------------

* Ramon Solsona at the website of Associació d'Escriptors en Llengua Catalana (AELC).

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**Ai Akamatsu** (赤松愛, *Akamatsu* *Ai*, born February 14, 1951 in Ashiya, Hyōgo) is a Japanese musician and keyboardist for the Japanese rock band group, the Ox until 1969. His real name is **Yoshinobu Akamatsu** (赤松義信, *Akamatsu Yoshinobu*) and his nickname was **Ai-chan** (アイちゃん).

Life and music career
---------------------

Born in Ashiya City, Hyogo Prefecture in 1951, His father is the president of the company and is the youngest of three siblings. Akamatsu learned the to play a piano from an early age, and when he was in the second year of junior high school, he said, "I want to play jazz," and his mother opposed "that kind of music is bad." However, in the end, he joined Hatari's and became a semi-professional at the dance hall "Fuji" in Osaka at that time. After that, he was invited to join Ox.

Life in the band
----------------

The looks of the red brown hair's bob head were lovely, and it became very popular as an idol. However, he disappeared on May 5, 1969 and leave the group. Yoko Ono and Toshimitsu Imai, an old painter, traveled to England on June 23 to "become a disciple of John Lennon" as guardian. While staying in London, he lived a life of hanging out at Apple's office, but during that time he returned to Japan temporarily and played the role of Aoyama with Shoji Ishibashi and others in the stage play "Ashita no Joe" sponsored by the new national drama from June 3 to 26, 1970. After that, Akamatsu retired from the entertainment world. His father returned to Japan on September 28, 1978 due to a sudden illness. Currently, he takes over the family business and runs an ironworks in Osaka.

Retirement
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After retiring, Akamatsu injured his finger due to the circumstances at the time of withdrawal and an accident during press work in the family business (there was a story that he lost his finger, but as far as the video after that, his finger is normal). He will not appear at all on sporadic reunions on old-fashioned programs (Akamatsu's vocal song is Hideto Maki, organ is represented by an external support member) and GS events, but on May 4, 1989 In addition to interviewing his wife on Fuji TV's idol special feature on the day, he appeared on TBS's GS special feature on October 4, 2003, delighting fans with the same appearance as at that time.
The **bias** of a piece of woven fabric is at 45 degrees to its warp and weft threads. Every piece of woven fabric has two biases, at right angles to each other. Fabrics which are not woven, such as felt, do not have a bias.

When cut on the bias, woven fabric is more elastic as well as more fluid in movement, compared to the on-grain direction. This helps many types of garment, such as skirts, dresses and neckties.

The "bias-cut" is a technique used by tailors and dress-makers for cutting cloth. The greater stretch in the bias (diagonal) direction of the fabric, helps it accentuate body lines and curves and drape softly. For example, a full-skirted dress cut on the bias will hang more gracefully or a narrow dress will cling to the figure. 

Bias-cut garments were prominent in haute couture clothes designed by Madeleine Vionnet in the 1920s.<ref>Kirke, Betty. (n.d.) A dressmaker extraordinary: discovering the secret of Madeleine Vionnet's creativity. It is still used often in both haute couture and high street clothing. In the Middle Ages, before the development of knitting, hose leggings were cut on the bias in order to make them fit better.