recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Tim Leveque** (born June 13, 1968) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player. He is most famous for being the Laval Chiefs enforcer that is called up later in the season in the hockey documentary "Les Chiefs".

Playing career
--------------

Leveque started his career with the Thunder Bay Senators of the Colonial Hockey League during the 1993-94 season. In two games, Leveque accumulated 23 PIMs.

After an eight year layoff, Leveque would resurface with the Laval Chiefs of the Quebec Semi-Pro Hockey League (currently the LNAH). Leveque would engage in several fights with Dominic "The Giant" Forcier of the Sorel Royaux during the season. Forcier who stood 6' 7" and 320 lbs, was taken down by Leveque during each of their three fights. After Leveque's final fight with Forcier on February 10, 2002, he would fight Chad Nicholson in the closing minutes of the same game. This would be Leveque's final game with the Chiefs. After the game, Leveque would tell the team that he had "connections in Norfolk" and that he was leaving the team.

In 2004, Leveque received a tryout with the Sherbrooke Saint-Francois. He would play one game with Sherbrooke, and was briefly involved in a fight with David Lessard. Leveque would be released after the game.

In 2005, Leveque played a preseason game with the Sorel-Tracy Mission and fought Corey Dean. After one game with the Mission, Leveque was released.

Other websites
--------------

* Biographical information and career statistics from The Internet Hockey Database
**ESPN Premium** (previously known as **Fox Sports Premium**) is an Argentine premium subscription television channel. It broadcasts soccer from Argentina.

History
-------

On October 16, 2020, the Argentine Soccer Association broke the Argentine soccer television contract for the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney, leaving Turner as the only company in the broadcast and leaving open the possibility that the Public Television broadcast matches at no additional cost. Finally, on October 30, the court ruled in favor of Disney, thus being able to broadcast the matches normally.

Because Disney sold the rights to everything related to Fox Sports to Mediapro, including the so-called "essential content" (thus complying with one of the rulings imposed by the National Commission for the Defense of Competition) in April 2022, the company kept the Argentine soccer rights that previously belonged to Fox, and therefore also keeping the Fox Sports Premium signal. Due to this, and Disney no longer owning the rights to the "Fox Sports" brand, on May 1, 2022 Fox Sports Premium was renamed to **ESPN Premium** to reflect this change.

Since 2017, it broadcasts half of the matches (7 of 14) of each date of the Argentine Professional Soccer League and the rest of the matches on a deferred basis, whether they are replays of the channel's matches, or the deferred broadcast of the rest of the 7 matches broadcast by TNT Sports, which are produced jointly by Torneos and the company *La Corte*.

The channel has a similarity with the old organization of TyC Max, since you have to pay a monthly cost to watch the games.

Former logos
------------

* 2017-20192017-2019
* 2019-20202019-2020
* 2020-20222020-2022
* From 2022From 2022
Model of hydrogen bonds (1) between molecules of water
A **hydrogen bond** is a type of chemical bond that weakly attaches a molecule to another molecule. It is based on the attraction between opposite electric charges. The negative charge on an electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to a positive charge on a hydrogen atom of another molecule. The hydrogen atom carries a positive charge because it is bonded to a second electronegative atom, which shifts electrons away from the hydrogen. This type of bond always involves a hydrogen atom, and two electronegative atoms. The electronegative atoms are often oxygen or nitrogen. Hydrogen bonds are important in polar solvents such as water and alcohol, in biomolecules, and in many other materials.

Hydrogen bonds can occur between molecules (*intermolecular* bonds), or between different parts of a single molecule (*intramolecular* bonds). The typical hydrogen bond is stronger than van der Waals forces, but weaker than covalent, ionic and metallic bonds.

Water
-----

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is responsible for the high boiling point of water (100 °C). Most molecules with hydrogen bonding have high boiling points and melting points. Because hydrogen bonds are what make water stick together so well, they also help other molecules that can make hydrogen bonds dissolve in water. This is because the molecules form bonds with the hydrogen in the water, too, helping them dissolve.

Biomolecules
------------

Hydrogen bonds are important in many living organisms. They allow bonds between biomolecules that can be created and broken with control to allow life to proceed. For example, DNA that codes our genes contains two strands that are connected by many hydrogen bonds, like a zipper closing. Because the hydrogen bonds are not very strong, the two strands can later be *unzipped* and separated in order to read or copy the DNA. In protein molecules, intramolecular hydrogen bonds hold the protein molecule together in the shape that is needed. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds help connect protein molecules to each other to make many structures important for life, such as ribosomes that create new proteins.
*Stalagmites may also refer to a type of fungus*.
The *Witch's Finger* in the Carlsbad Caverns
A **stalagmite** is a form that can be found on the floor of a cave. It rises from the floor of a limestone cave when mineralized solutions drip from the ceiling and deposits of calcium carbonate form columns on the ground. The corresponding formation on the ceiling of a cave is known as a stalactite. 

There are several methods to help remember which formation hangs from the ceiling (stalactite) and which rises from the floor (stalagmite):

* Stala**C**tite has a "c" for "ceiling".
* Stala**G**mite has a "g" for "ground".
* The T in Stalac**T**ite resembles one hanging from the ceiling, while the M in Stalag**M**ite resembles a formation rising from the floor.

When touring caves with stalactites and stalagmites you might be asked to not touch the rock formations. This is generally because the formation is considered to still be growing and forming. Since the rock buildup is formed by minerals solidifying out of the water solution, skin oils can disturb where the mineral water will cling. So the development of the rock formation will be affected and not will not be natural anymore.

Stalactites and stalagmites can also form on concrete ceilings and floors, but they form much more quickly on concrete than in the natural cave environment.

Related pages
-------------

* Stalactite

Other websites
--------------

* The Virtual Cave: Stalagmites
**Stalemate** is a situation in chess where the player whose turn it is to move is not in check but has no legal move. 

Example of stalemate

Black to move is in stalemate. Black has no legal move since every square to which his king might move is under attack by White. 
When stalemate occurs, the game is a draw. Actual stalemate is rare, but the threat of stalemate has a big effect on endgame play. Many K+R+P vs K+R endings are drawn when stalemate cannot be avoided. The existence of stalemate is a main reason why draws are common in chess, but rare in the chess derivative shogi.

In the old Persian form of chess, shatranj, stalemate was a win for the side with the most pieces. The idea of stalemate as a draw in modern chess took a long time to be agreed. It was finally decided by the early 19th century British master J.H. Sarratt in the London Chess Club rules of 1807.

Figurative uses in general
--------------------------

All uses of the term "stalemate" in other contexts come from its use in chess. Stalemates in bargaining, politics and general life are examples of figurative language. The term is used as a metaphor.
Position from Proxima Centauri.
**Proxima Centauri** is a red dwarf star that is likely a part of the Alpha Centauri star system and is the closest star to the Sun at a distance of 
4.22 light-years (3.99×1013 km; 2.48×1013 mi). It is in the constellation of Centaurus.

Proxima Centauri was found to share the same proper motion as Alpha Centauri in 1915 by Robert Innes while he was Director of the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa.

In 1951, Harlow Shapley said that Proxima Centauri was a flare star. Recorded photographs showed that the star became measurably brighter about 8% of the time, making it the most active flare star then found.

Characteristics
---------------

The size of Proxima Centauri (right) compared to its nearest neighbors.
Red dwarfs are usually far too faint to be seen with the naked eye, that means without a telescope. Proxima Centauri has an apparent magnitude of 11 while its absolute magnitude is a very dim 15.5. Even from Alpha Centauri A or B, Proxima would only be seen as a 5th magnitude star.

Proxima Centauri has been the closest star to the Sun for about the last 32,000 years. Barnard's Star will make its closest approach to the Sun around AD 11,700, when it approaches to within about 3.8 light-years. However, at that time, it will *not* be the nearest star, since Proxima Centauri will then have moved even closer to the Sun. Six stars will come closer to Earth in the next 45,000 years.

Planetary system
----------------

Impression of the surface of Proxima Centauri b. The Alpha Centauri system can be seen as two small stars in the sky.
In 2016, an exoplanet was found by the European Southern Observatory around Proxima Centauri, Proxima Centauri b (or Proxima b). It was found in the habitable zone, and was thought to be Earth-like, with an ESI of 0.87. While being Earth-like, it may not be habitable on the surface, since Proxima Centauri gives off strong solar flares and high solar winds, which could strip away parts of the atmosphere of the planet, making it less habitable.

In October of 2016, scientists at France's CNRS research institute said that the planet may have oceans on its surface, and a thin atmosphere. If this idea is true or not is not known.

Another planet, Proxima Centauri c, much farther out than b, was discovered in 2019. It is seven times heavier (more massive) than Earth. It is too cold to be habitable. Because it showed up brighter than expected when photos of it were taken, it may have a ring system five times wider than that of Jupiter.

Related pages
-------------

* Alpha Centauri
* Barnard's Star
* List of nearest stars

Other websites
--------------

* Photograph of Proxima Centauri
* O Sistema Alpha Centauri (portuguese) Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
**Marc Coudron** sometimes wrongly written as **Marc Caudron** is a Belgian former field hockey player and field hockey administrator.

Caudron played 358 matches for the Belgium men's national field hockey team. The highest amount a player of the has ever played, still as of 2023. He made his debut in a match against England in 1987. He played at among others the 1994 Men's Hockey World Cup in Sydney and the 2002 Men's Hockey World Cup in Kuala Lumpur.

Coudron was president of the Belgian field hockey federation between 2005 and 2021. In this period the number of Belgian active hockey players has increased from less than 15,000 to more over 53,000; and the amount of clubs from 60 to 103. The Belgium men's national field hockey team qualiefied in this period all four the times for the Summer Olympics, won the silver Olympic medal in 2016 and became European and world champions. The Belgium women's national field hockey team qualifed for the 2012 Summer Olympics, finished second and third at European Championships.

Coudron was as of 2016 executive board member of the  International Hockey Federation. He was one of the two candidates to become the president of the International Hockey Federation. But he lost with two votes difference to the (at the time) current Indian chairman, Narinder Dhruv Batra. After Batra had to step down by order of the Delhi High Court, Coudron participated in the new elections in November 2022 but lost this time from Tayyab Ikram from Macau.

His father, mother brother and sister played have played field hockey as a member of the national team.
Jkvr. **C. van Doorn** (born c. 1880s — died 20th-century) was a Dutch fencer. As a fencer at Salle De Vos in The Hague she was a pioneer, being one of the earliest Dutch female fencers. Her fencing career was from 1911 to 1919. She became the first international Dutch female fencer in 1911 at the 1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions together with the four other Dutch competitors.

Biography
---------

Van Doorn was born in the late 19th-century in c. 1880s. She held the noble title of jonkvrouw.

### Fencing

Van Doorn was a fencer at Salle De Vos in The Hague of professor J. De Vos. She was one of the earliest female fencers in the Netherlands. Together with four other females of Salle De Vos (H. Luden, Beelaerts van Blokland, E. van den Berg and H. van den Berg) she went to London, United Kingdom for the 1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions. In Londen they competed against female fencers of the Bertrands Fencing Academy. This was the first international fencing competition for Dutch women. Van Doorn was the best Dutch fencer. She won four of her five matches and won from among the 1908-1909 British champion Millicent Hall. However, the Dutch team lost from the British team. A week later, after coming back in the Netherlands, she had a match against Beelaerts van Blokland during a main fencing event in The Hague.

At the end of 1913 she went with four other Dutch women to the international 1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup in London. Van Doorn was eliminated in the first round. She was in her pool beaten by British fencers Alice Walker and Jean Colmer.

As part of the celebration of the new hall of Giovanni Giandomenici, a fencing academy in Amsterdam, she participated in an assaut in February 1914. During the 1914 club championships of salle De Vos she fenced remarkably beautiful matches.

In March 1917 she won the third prize in a national competition in The Hague, behind Beelaerts van Blokland and Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo. In April 1918 she competes at the national competition in Amsterdam.

Probably her last main competition was in April 1919. This was a competition between three main Dutch women fencing clubs (De Vos, Van Humbeek, Giandomenici).

#### Fencing style

In 1914 it was pointed out that Van Doorn had like the other fencers of Salle De Vos another fencing style compared to Esther Bekkers-Lopes Cardozo of Salle Giandomenici from Amsterdam. Her "graceful pullings" were described as opposite to the style of Bekkers-Lopes Cardozodescribed that was described as "more lively, more fiery and less different from the men's technique".
**Jillian Tamaki** (born April 17, 1980) is a Canadian American illustrator. She draws graphic novels. Tamaki received the Printz and Caldecott medals and the Governor General Award for Children’s Literature Illustration. She has also been published by The New York Times, The Guardian, Esquire, and National Geographic. Drawn & Quarterly and Penguin Books have published her works.

Early Life
----------

Tamaki was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and raised in Calgary, Alberta. She grew up reading Archie comics and horseback riding, eventually making Zine comics in high school.

Tamaki is mixed race. Her father is Japanese Canadian and mother is Egyptian American. Her childhood neighborhood was mostly white people. Tamaki was the only mixed race student at her school. She draws many different people in her pictures. She thinks it helps other mixed race children feel comfortable.

Education
---------

Tamaki went to the Alberta College of Art and Design (ACAD). She graduated in 2003. Her training was very traditional. She was not allowed to use color until her 3rd-4th year. She learned anatomy in her first year. She used her computer in her 3rd year. She learned a lot about how to draw at ACAD. 

Tamaki still draws by hand. She does not use a computer. She adds color with her computer.

Career
------

Right after college Tamaki worked at a video game company. It was called Bioware.

She moved to New York in 2005. She was 25 when she moved.

Tamaki started teaching at Parsons School of Visual Arts in 2007. She enjoys teaching.

### Books

Tamaki has published many books. Two of her books are *Skim* and *This One Summer*. She drew the pictures and her cousin, Mariko Tamaki, wrote the stories. Her she also wrote and illustrated *SuperMutant Magic and* *Indoor Voice*. *Gilded Lilies* was her earliest publication. She originally published her illustrations online. 

She has drawn book covers for Penguin Books. Three of her Penguin book covers are embroidered art: *The Secret Garden*, *Emma*, and *Black Beauty*.

Tamaki's draws pictures for books by reading the author's descriptions. She receives the initial pitch and then elevates from there. She has described her illustrations as building a realm and expanding on it, and considers the behaviors of the characters when illustrating so she can create them best. When making books, Tamaki does her drawing at home.

Personal life
-------------

Tamaki lives in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York. Her husband is Sam Weber. They went to college together.
SST is UTC-11:00
The **Samoa Time Zone** or **Samoa Standard Time** (**SST**) uses standard time by subtracting eleven hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC-11:00). 

The zone includes the U.S. territory of American Samoa, as well as the Midway Islands and the uninhabited islands of Jarvis, Palmyra, and Kingman Reef. It also includes the country of Niue.

The zone is one hour behind Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone and one hour ahead of the Howland and Baker islands, and 23 hours behind Wake Island Time Zone.

The nation of Samoa also used the same time as the Samoa Time Zone until it moved across the International Date Line at the end of 29 December 2011; it is now 24 hours (25 hours in southern hemisphere summer) in front of American Samoa.

Populated areas
---------------

* Pago Pago, American Samoa

Related pages
-------------

* Time zone
* Time offset
* Chamorro Time Zone
* Wake Island Time Zone
* Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone
* Central Time Zone
* Eastern Time Zone
* Atlantic Time Zone
* Newfoundland Time Zone
**John Jenkinson** (14 June 1870 — 13 October 1915) was an Indian-born British foil fencer.

Jenkinson was a pupil at the Professor McPherson’s School of Arms where he learned fencing. His first fencing achievement was in 1899 winning the Colmore-Dunne Challenge Cup. in 1900 he won the gold medal in the foil event at the German Gymnastic Society's. Jenkinson became national foil champion in 1902, 1903 and 1904. He was foil champion of the Auxiliary Forces in 1905 and 1906. He took part in the Sabre Championship, and finished each time second behind Charles Wilson. He competed as at the 1908 Summer Olympics in the open foil event. This event was held a demonstration event.

Jenkinson was a member of the Inns of Court Volunteers from 1888. From 1908 he joined the Territorial Force at Tamworth. During World War I Jenkinson became a captain in the 6th Battalion of the North Staffordshire Regiment. He died in action in Pas-de-Calais, France on 13 October 1915 in a confrontation with the enemy.
A **lock** is a part of a navigable waterway system that makes a water "channel" deep enough for vessels to use. The lock controls pool depths, for example in a lock and dam system across a waterway. 

The lock is a place where boats that travel up or down a river or canal can be moved to the next higher or lower level. Locks are built in places where the level of the water in the river or canal suddenly changes. This may be because of a waterfall there, or because a dam or a weir has been built, or because some other thing is in the way. The lock is like a big chamber with gates at each end. They have lock gears which empty or fill the chamber with water. Locks help a river to be more easily navigable (easier for boats to travel up and down), or for canals to be built across country that is not level.

How a lock works
----------------

A computer animation showing a ship travelling through a lock.
If a boat that is travelling downstream (in the same direction that the water is flowing) arrives at a lock, this is what happens:

* The boat waits until the lock is full of water. If a boat going the other way has just come out of the lock, the water level will be right and the gates will be open. This will save time.
* The entrance gates (if shut) are opened and the boat sails in.
* The entrance gates are closed.
* A valve is opened, and water flows out of the chamber so that the boat goes down.
* When the water is at the level of the next bit of river, the exit gates are opened and the boat sails out.

If a boat that is travelling upstream (in the opposite direction to the water flow), the opposite happens:

* The boat waits until the water level is low. If a boat going the other way has just come out of the lock, the water level will be right and the gates will be open.
* The entrance gates (if shut) are opened and the boat sails in.
* The entrance gates are closed.
* A valve is opened, and water pours in to the chamber so that the boat goes up.
* When the water is at the level of the next bit of river, the exit gates are opened and the boat sails out.

The whole process of going through a lock may take about 15 to 20 minutes, depending on whether the boat has to wait. Some locks can take several boats at once, and the first one to enter may have to wait until other boats arrive.

Operation of a canal lock  
1-3. Boat enters 'empty' lock  
4. Bottom gates are closed, bottom paddles closed, top paddles opened, lock starts to fill  
5. Lock is filling with water, lifting boat to the higher level
Electron micrograph of Golgi apparatus: a stack of semicircular black rings near the bottom. Many circular vesicles can be seen near the organelle.
The **Golgi complex**, also known as the **Golgi apparatus** or simply the **Golgi**, is a cytoplasmic organelle. It is found in eukaryote cells, as in animals, plants, and fungi. 

The complex was discovered by Camillo Golgi in 1898. Golgi, who worked at Pavia, Italy, was ignored. His discovery was said to be dirt on his lenses. Years later, electron microscope pictures showed structures just like in the original Golgi drawings. It is made of several flattened sac-like membranes which look like a stack of pancakes.

The main function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and package macromolecules, such as proteins and lipids. They come to the Golgi after being built, and before they go to their destination. Much of the enzymatic processing is post-translational modification of proteins. The Golgi complex inspects them for flaws and discards extra material added during their manufacture, wraps them up and then targets them for packaging. The Golgi complex is especially active in processing proteins for secretion. The Golgi releases special enzymes called which clean off any extra amino acids. When the package is ready, it is pinched off the Golgi and released into the cytoplasm.

The Golgi complex is part of the cellular membrane system, and so is the endoplasmic reticulum.
**Millicent Hathaway Hall-Spong** (1 November 1881 — 12 January 1958) was an English fencer. She was a member of Salle Bertrand in London.

She became national champion in 1907, 1908 and 1922.
She competed as at the 1908 Summer Olympics in the open foil event. This event was held a demonstration event. She was the only female participant, competed against men and so she was the first female Olympic fencer.

She won an international competition against Dutch women of *Salle De Vos* during the 1911 England–Holland women's fencing competitions in London. According to the Dutch newspaper *De nieuwe courant* Hall was together with Julia Johnstone, much better compared to the other British women. After a period of not fencing, she started fencing again in late 1913. She competed in November 1913 at the 1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup where she was described of making "excellent assaults". In this competition she was eliminated in the semi-final.

She became the first president of the Ladies’ Amateur Fencing Union in 1930.
**Babette Backers** (born 2003 or 2004) is a Dutch women's field hockey player who currently plays as a goalkeeper for HC Kampong. As a member of the Netherland national team (under-21) she became 2022 Junior World Cup champion.

Biography
---------

Many of her family members played field hockey at HC Houten [nl] and so she started playing at the same club. As a talented player, she became already as a c-junior a member of a HC Kampong selection. Since 2022 she is goalkeeper of the main women’s team.

Backers played three years for the national team (under-16) and afterwards for the national team (under-18). She competed at the 2021 EuroHockey Youth Championship winning the bronze medal. Initially being a reserve player of the Netherland national team (under-21) for the 2022 Women's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup in South Africa, she became a member of the team after the championships were postponed. She played during several matches and became with the team world champion.

Backers studies medicine.
**Mike Embley** (born 25 May 1955) is a retired British broadcast journalist. He was best known as a presenter for BBC World News, an international news and current affairs television channel operated by the BBC.

Earl life
---------

Embley was born in London in 1955.

Career
------

Before joining the BBC, Embley began his career training as a newspaper journalist with Thomson daily papers in Wales, on the South Wales Echo and the Western Mail. He began broadcasting in 1983, working for BBC Wales' *Wales Today*, followed by the consumer affairs programme *Watchdog* in 1987, and *Public Eye* in 1989. Whilst working on *Public Eye*, he was the first news reporter with a foreign crew to reach the San Francisco to report on the earthquake.

Embley later joined ITN's Channel Four News to work as a producer and reporter, before returning to the BBC as a reporter for the flagship One O'Clock, Six O'Clock and Nine O'Clock News bulletins. During this time, Embley also worked as a series presenter for *Nature* on BBC Two and made two films for *Panorama*.

Later career
------------

Embley joined BBC World in 1995. After the program was replaced by two separate programs (*BBC London* and *South East Today*) in 2001, Embley rejoined BBC World as a presenter. Since then, he has also presented on the domestic BBC News Channel and carried out one-on-one interviews for the BBC programme *HARDtalk*, as well as reporting several series for the radio station BBC World Service.

Embley retired in April 2021.

Other websites
--------------

* Mike Embley profile at BBC News.com
***Downtown no Gaki no Tsukai ya Arahende!!*** (English: **Downtown's We Aren't Errand Boys!**) is an Japanese variety show show. It is shown on the Nippon Television network and features the popular Japanese owarai duo, Downtown. The show is popular for its "no laughing" batsu games where the cast has to endure many ridiculous situations for 24 hours in a place which the theme is and must not laugh or they will be hit with a weapon on the buttocks. Usually, this program is shown for about 6 hours on the New Year's Eve. This program has a long broadcast period after Shōten in Nippon Television.

Cast
----

### Regular

* Downtown's Hitoshi Matsumoto (Matsumoto Hitoshi) and Masatoshi Hamada (Hamada Masatoshi)

Hitoshi Matsumoto is taking charge of the composition of this program.He suggests many of plans.
Masatoshi Hamada does chairman advance.

* Hōsei Yamasaki (Yamasaki Hōsei)

He is an indispensable character to this program. 

* Cocorico Naoki Tanaka (Tanaka Naoki) and Shōzō Endō (Endō Shōzō)

### Semi-regular

* License Takahumi Inomoto (Inomoto Takahumi) and Kazuhiro Huziwara (Huziwara Kazuhiro)

preceding opinion or plan 

### Periodical Guest

* Zimi-Onishi

He appears in series as a punishment or a Must not laugh 

* Itsuzi Itao

He appears in series as a punishment or a Must not laugh, Itao Plan

* Moriman

Yamazaki VS Moriman

* Syozi Murakami

Syozi Murakami classroom 

### Other Cast

* Itao's wife and Itao's child
* Central African TV
* Tonight is YAMADA
* Pikaderi-Umeda

Program staff
-------------

* Kenji Suga (nickname Ga-su-)

He is Nippon Television work deputy chief

* Toshihide Saito (nickname Heipo-)

Comprehensive production

Project
-------

* Free talk
* Matsumoto vs Hamada battle series
* Must not laugh series
* Yamazaki vs Moriman

Moriman has won all the games.

* Hightension series
* Good-bye Yamazaki Hosei series
* Entertainers fishing championship
* seven changes

Audience ratings
----------------

This program is always ranked in the top 10 in variety program annual audience rating from 1995 to 2001.[*source?*]
The number of sales of a total of eight DVDs records smash success which sells about 1700000 sheets.[*source?*]
The ninth DVD was also sold, it became the 1st place of a ranking first appearance, and the number of the gross sales exceeded 2 million sheets.[*source?*]

Other websites
--------------

* Official website (Japanese)
* YOSHIMOTO R and C CO.LTD./ Gakitsuka DVD Archived 2009-02-28 at the Wayback Machine(Japanese)
Guards searching a car at the Elza gate (photo by Ed Westcott)
**Elza** was a community in Anderson County, Tennessee, that existed before 1942. The area was taken over for the Manhattan Project. It is now part of the city of Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

Manhattan Project
-----------------

When the federal government looked at sites for the Manhattan Project buildings that ultimately were sited at Oak Ridge, the Oak Ridge site was described in internal memos as "near Elza." During World War II, Elza was the site of one of the security gates on the borders of the then-closed city of Oak Ridge. It was on the road from Clinton to Oak Ridge.

Community legacy
----------------

The Luther Brannon House, built in 1941, was a surviving structure associated with the Elza community.

During World War II and for some time after, the Manhattan Engineer District and the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission used several warehouses in the Elza area for storage of uranium ore and other materials. In the early 1990s, the U.S. Department of Energy cleaned up the site, where soil had been found to be contaminated by PCBs and uranium.
**Wine** or **Wini** († before 672) was a 7th century Bishop. He was the first Bishop of Winchester. He later became the Bishop of London.

Bishop of Winchester
--------------------

Wine had been ordained in Gaul. In Wessex King Cenwalh of Wessex had grown tired of his current bishop, Agilbert, who apparently did not speak the Anglo-Saxon language. Wine did speak Anglo-Saxon and was invited by Cenwalh to come to Wessex. Cenwalh built a new church at Winchester; dividing his kingdom into two dioceses. There, Wine was consecrated the first bishop of Winchester in 660. Agribert took offense at not being consulted and returned to Gaul. King Oswiu of Northumbria appointed a monk named Chad to be bishop to the Northumbrians. He sent Chad to Canterbury to be consecrated Bishop of York. On Chad's arrival in Kent, however, he discovered Archbishop Dusdedit had died. As no successor had yet been appointed, Chad went to Bishop Wine in Wessex to be consecrated. Wine was the only consecrated Bishop in England at the time recognized by the Church at Rome.

Bishop of London
----------------

Wine was later expelled by Cenwalh and went to King Wulfhere of Mercia. Bede stated that Wine purchased the see (diocese) of London from Wulfhere. Wine remained the Bishop of London until his death. 
Wine died in 671.
**Taylor Michel Momsen** (born July 26, 1993) is an American singer, songwriter, model, and former actress. She is known for portraying the character of Jenny Humphrey on The CW's teen drama series *Gossip Girl* (2007–2012) and Cindy Lou Who in the film *How the Grinch Stole Christmas* (2000). After her retirement from acting, she became widely known for being the frontwoman of the American rock band The Pretty Reckless.

Momsen was signed with Ford Models at a very young age, she began acting professionally at three years of age in a 1997 national commercial for Shake 'n Bake. She was then cast in *The Prophet's Game*.

She played the character of Jenny Humphrey in The CW television series *Gossip Girl*, based on the book series by Cecily von Ziegesar. Momsen's appearances on the series became increasingly sporadic, and, by the end of the first half of the fou

rth season, she had only appeared in four episodes. It was then announced that the actress would be scheduled for an indefinite hiatus from the show, which ended with her leaving the series as a regular cast member after the completion of the fourth season in 2011. On August 16, 2011, Momsen told *Elle* magazine that she had quit acting to focus on her music career. On October 16, 2012, it was reported that Momsen would be returning to *Gossip Girl* for its final episode, in which she appeared briefly in the wedding sequence.

In March 2009, Momsen's band The Pretty Reckless had signed a deal with Interscope Records. The band's debut album *Light Me Up* was released on August 30, 2010 in the UK, where it debuted at number 6, as well as at number 18 in Ireland. The first single "Make Me Wanna Die" was released on May 30, 2010, while the second single "Miss Nothing" which was released on August 23, 2010 peaked at number 39. "Just Tonight" was released as the album's third single. Songs from this album have been in the movie *Kick-Ass* as well as shows like *The Vampire Diaries* and *Gossip Girl*.

Momsen at the Metropolitan Opera in 2008
**Jerry Lewis**, born as ***Joseph*** **Levitch**, (March 16, 1926 – August 20, 2017) was an American comedian, actor, singer, director and humanitarian. He was of Jewish descent. He was best known for acting in comedy movies in the 1950s and 1960s such as *The Nutty Professor*. He also helped to raise money for people with muscular dystrophy, through the Muscular Dystrophy Association.

Lewis was born in Newark, New Jersey. He studied at Irvington High School though he dropped out in his sophomore year.

Lewis first became famous as part of **Martin & Lewis**, working with singer Dean Martin. They worked together for ten years. They appeared on stage, radio and television, and in movies. They stopped working together in 1956 and did not speak for years. They reunited a few times from the 1970s to the 1990s.

Lewis directed of many of his movies. He was the first director to use video cameras with movie cameras, to help with filming scenes. Film takes time to process, but videotape can be played back right away, saving time and work if a scene needs to be redone. Other directors soon started using his technique, and it is still used today.

During the 1970s, Lewis' movies became less popular. He moved away from acting and directing. In the 1990s, he returned to performing onstage. He continued to perform during the 2000s.

Lewis was a Republican though he was friends with President John F. Kennedy. He supported Presidents Ronald Reagan and Donald Trump.

Lewis died at his home in Las Vegas, Nevada at 9:15 AM of cardiomyopathy on August 20, 2017 at the age of 91.

Movies
------

Jerry Lewis acted in many movies, including: 

* *The Stooge* (1952)
* *Hollywood or Bust* (1956)
* *The Bellboy* (1960)
* *The Errand Boy* (1961)
* *The Patsy* (1964)
* *The Disorderly Orderly* (1964)
* *Three on a Couch* (1966)
* *Way... Way Out* (1966)
* *Don't Raise the Bridge, Lower the River* (1967)
* *The Big Mouth* (1967)
* *Silent Treatment* (1968)
* *Hook, Line & Sinker* (1969)

Other websites
--------------

* Official Jerry Lewis website Archived 2006-08-30 at the Wayback Machine
* Jerry Lewis on IMDb
* Italian Jerry Lewis fansite Archived 2009-05-20 at the Wayback Machine
What remains of the WW2 Bunker today
**No. 3 Fighter Sector** (3FS) was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) unit during World War Two. No. 3FS was responsible for fighter aircraft control and coordination for the Townsville region. 3FS would collect all of the intelligence information from the various D/F stations and VAOC posts, decide on the what needed to be done and then tell the fighter or bomber squadrons to respond. 3FS was in telephone and radio contact with all of the anti-aircraft, searchlight, RDF and HF/DF stations in the Townsville area.

It was first set up at Townsville Grammar School, on 25 February 1942. The Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force members of 3FS lived at St Anne’s Girls School, Townsville. In 1942, a new headquarters for No. 3FS was built at Wulguru, Townsville. The site was a proper military camp site with its own power house, barracks, kitchens, toilets and recreation hall. There were as many as 62 different buildings in 3FS HQ. The camp was on the side of a hill near Mt Stuart, on the west side of the road to Charters Towers. It can still be seen today on the hill on the opposite side of the Stuart Shopping Centre.

No. 3FS was renamed 103 Fighter Control Unit (103 FCU) on 7 March 1944. The Stuart complex was complete and ready to use on 20 December 1944. The main operations building was a bunker made of 30-centimetre (12 in) thick reinforced concrete designed to withstand a direct bomb hit. It had a mezzanine floor and was air-conditioned. 3 Fighter Sector Headquarters had 32 rooms in the large rectangular concrete building with walls forming various passageways. The building still stands today and is 60 by 42 feet (18.3 m × 12.8 m). 
All air raid warnings were started from this bunker by red, yellow and white flares. There was also HQ located in North Ward, Townsville. 103 FCU was disbanded in Townsville on 21 January 1945.

After the war
-------------

After the war, the buildings were used to house new migrants to Australia. The buildings were still furnished at the time. In 1961 it was purchased by James Cook University of Queensland and was used as a temporary accommodation for students while their residential halls were being built. The bunker itself still had its communication and signals equipment. A few years later the inside of the bunker was destroyed by fire. In 1971 the rest of the buildings were demolished. The site is now owned by the Department of Environment and Resources.

Ammunition storage
------------------

Inside the bunker
In 1999, a group of people, had been raising money and getting the right equipment to fix this bunker after it was burned and destroyed by fire. They wanted to turn it into a museum. The Department of Environment and Resources have said that the building is not safe. In 2009 the bunker was fenced off. 

Many people in Townsville believe that the bunker may still have ammunition and chemical weapons left over from the war. They also think that the bunker is part of a network of tunnels built during the war in the hills around Townsville. The Department of Defence has said that neither of these claims are true.
**Alberto Olmedo** (Barrio Pichincha, Rosario, Santa Fe Province, August 24, 1933 – March 5, 1988) was an Argentine comedian and actor.  Popularly regarded as one of the most important comedian in the history of the show of his country, for his outstanding work in television, cinema and theater.

Early life
----------

Olmedo was born in the city of Rosario. In his teens, he was a gymnast and an aspiring actor. He tried his luck with several amateur theater companies and enjoyed some local success.

Career
------

Olmedo moved to Buenos Aires in 1954. One year later, while working as a technician in Canal 7, Argentina's first television station, his improvisation skills caught the attention of the management, who gave him acting jobs in several TV shows.

Even though Olmedo had a string of successful children's programs during the 1960s, the peak of his abilities would arrive when given the opportunity to mix slapstick, nonsense, and adult-oriented entertainment.

Personal life
-------------

Olmedo married and divorced twice, and had six children (including Alberto Jr.).

Death
-----

Olmedo died in the vacation town of Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires Province, on March 5, 1988. According to police reports, he slipped off his eleventh-floor apartment's balcony. It is believed that he tried, possibly under the influence of alcohol or cocaine, to perform a high-wire stunt on the balcony and lost his balance.

He is buried in La Chacarita Cemetery, Buenos Aires.

Other websites
--------------

 Media related to Alberto Olmedo at Wikimedia Commons

* "Official" home page Archived 2004-09-19 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
* Olmedo Bio Archived 2004-10-11 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
* Alberto Olmedo on IMDb
* An exposition of Olmedo-related art[*permanent dead link*]
In physics, **power** (symbol: *P*) is how fast work is done or energy is given from one thing to another. In the SI system of measurement, power is measured in watts (symbol: W). 

It may take a certain amount of work to make a change in the world, such as lifting a heavy weight to a higher level. It makes no difference if the weight is lifted slowly or quickly. The same amount of work will have been performed. The difference between a slow lift and a quick lift is that a quick lift requires more power. This means the work can be done in a shorter time if there is more power available.

As a rate of change of work done or the energy of a subsystem, power is:

{\displaystyle P={\frac {W}{t}}}
where

*P* is power,
*W* is work, and
*t* is time.
Power is also equal to force times velocity (or speed).

Power in optics
---------------

In optics, or radiometry, the term *power* sometimes refers to radiant flux. This is the average rate of energy transport by electromagnetic radiation, measured in watts. But the term "power" is also used to express the ability of a lens or other optical device to focus light. It is measured in dioptres (inverse metres), and is equal to one over the focal length of the optical device.
**Synthetic genomics** is a type of genetic engineering. It makes genes which never occur in nature.

Synthetic genomics does not use naturally occurring genes. It may use custom-designed base pair series. In the future, it might use genetic codes that are not composed of the two base pairs of DNA currently used by life forms.

Synthetic genomics uses techniques from genetics research. Researchers can make long base pair chains cheaply and accurately on a large scale. This allows them to do experiments on genomes which do not exist in nature. They also use ideas in protein folding and high-end computing facilities. 

The J. Craig Venter Institute is working in this field. The team of about 20 researchers is led by Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith, DNA researcher Craig Venter and microbiologist Clyde A. Hutchison III. The Venter group has put together a semi-synthetic *Mycoplasma genitalium* bacterial genome by recombination of 25 overlapping fragments. This was done in a single step: 

"The use of yeast recombination greatly simplifies the assembly of large DNA molecules from both synthetic and natural fragments".
Geneticists have made the first synthetic chromosome for yeast. "The genes in the original chromosome were replaced with synthetic versions and the finished man-made chromosome was then successfully integrated into a yeast cell".

Other companies, including one called Synthetic Genomics (company), have been formed to take advantage of the many commercial uses of custom designed genomes.
Louise de Coligny
**Louise de Coligny** (Châtillon-sur-Loing, 23 September 1555 – Fontainebleau, 13 November 1620) was the fourth wife of Prince William the Silent. She was the daughter of an important French Protestant leader, Gaspard de Coligny.

Marriage
--------

She married Charles de Téligny when she was 16 years old in 1571. He was a Protestant diplomat who was also friendly with the French king Charles IX. Both her father and her husband were killed during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572. 

In 1583 she (27) married William the Silent in Antwerp. She became the Princess of Orange. Their son Frederik Hendrik was born on 29 January 1584. On the 10th of July that year, William was shot by catholic Balthasar Gerards and died.

Later years
-----------

She stayed in the Netherlands with her 6 stepdaughters. In 1619, she asked her stepson Maurits to stop the execution of high-placed Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, but he did not listen. She then left Holland and went to France where she (65) died in 1620. On 24 May 1621, she was buried in the crypt of the House of Orange-Nassau in the New Church in Delft.

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**Siméon Denis Poisson** ( 21 June 1781 in Pithiviers - 25 April 1840 in Sceaux, near Paris) was a French mathematician and physicist. From 1798 he studied mathematics at the École Polytechnique, where he met Pierre-Simon Laplace and Joseph-Louis Lagrange. In 1802 he became professor, in 1806 he took the position Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier had before him. Napoleon sent Fourier to Grenoble. Poisson was a disciple of Laplace. Poisson worked on the mathematical bases of wave theory, acoustics, elasticity, electricity and heat. He was also interested in the electric properties of solids. In 1812, he published his extension of Laplace's equation, which allowed its use for electric charge at the surface of solids. In the year 1818, he predicted the existence of a phenomenon called the Poisson spot, in the case that light should have the character of a wave. Poisson thought that was not the case and that it had the character of particles. He had long discussions with Augustin-Jean Fresnel, who thought that light was indeed a wave. This discussion only ended when Fresnel could show the existence of the spot Poisson had predicted in an experiment. In 1838, Poisson published his ideas on probability theory, which also included what is now known as Poisson distribution. This distribution was already known to Abraham de Moivre. 

The relation between pressure and volume in the adiabatic process is constant, this is known as *Poisson's Law* today. In thermodynamics, the same relation is formulated as a number of equations, which are known as *Poisson's equations*. Poisson's ratio which gives the amount an object is stretched under load, is also named after him. 

His name is one of 72 honored on the Eiffel tower.

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