Map of Latin America that shows countries run by political parties in the São Paulo Forum (left-wing group) in red, and parties that are not in the São Paulo Forum in blue. (2011)
Map of Latin America that shows countries run by political parties in the São Paulo Forum in red, and parties that are not in blue. (2018)
The **conservative wave** (Spanish: *ola conservadora* Portuguese: *onda conservadora*) or **blue tide** is a conservative political happening that started in the mid-2010s in Latin America. It was a reaction to the pink tide. The happening has been seen as declining since the late 2010s as as second pink tide has been seen happening.

Background
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After 10 years of left-wing government, the influence of the left began to decrease. In Argentina the conservative Mauricio Macri took the place of the Peronist Cristina Fernández de Kirchner in 2015. In Brazil there was Dilma Rousseff, who was impeached with Michel Temer taking her job in 2016. In Peru the conservative economist (person who studies economics) Pedro Pablo Kuczynski took the job of the President before him, Ollanta Humala. In Chile, the conservative Sebastián Piñera took the job of socialist Michelle Bachelet in 2018. In 2018 Jair Bolsonaro was elected President of Brazil, and in 2021, the conservative banker Guillermo Lasso was elected President of Ecuador.

These events in Latin America are similar to other happenings around the world, such as the election of Donald Trump as President of the United States in 2016. The increase of evangelicals in Latin America may have helped start up the conservative wave.

However in late 2010 and early 2020, the elections of left-wing presidents in Chile, Honduras, Colombia, Argentina, Mexico and Peru saw a comeback of the Pink tide and the end of the Conservative wave.

Presidents elected
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Below are right-wing and centre-right presidents who have held office in Latin America since 2010 during this wave. Centre-right presidents are marked with \*.

* ArgentinaMauricio Macri *2015–2019**Argentina**  
Mauricio Macri \*  
2015–2019
* BoliviaJeanine Áñez2019–2020**Bolivia**  
Jeanine Áñez  
2019–2020
* BrazilMichel Temer *2016–2018**Brazil**  
Michel Temer \*  
2016–2018
* BrazilJair Bolsonaro2019–present**Brazil**  
Jair Bolsonaro  
2019–present
* ChileSebastián Piñera * 2010–20142018–2022**Chile**  
Sebastián Piñera \*  
 2010–2014  
2018–2022
* ColombiaJuan Manuel Santos * 2010–2018**Colombia**  
Juan Manuel Santos \*  
 2010–2018
* ColombiaIván Duque 2018–2022**Colombia**  
Iván Duque  
 2018–2022
* Costa RicaLaura Chinchilla * 2010–2014**Costa Rica**  
Laura Chinchilla \*  
 2010–2014
* Costa RicaRodrigo Chaves Robles *2022-present**Costa Rica**  
Rodrigo Chaves Robles \*  
2022-present
* EcuadorGuillermo Lasso * 2021–present**Ecuador**  
Guillermo Lasso \*  
 2021–present
* El SalvadorNayib Bukele * 2019–present**El Salvador**  
Nayib Bukele \*  
 2019–present
* GuatemalaOtto Pérez Molina2012–2015**Guatemala**  
Otto Pérez Molina  
2012–2015
* GuatemalaAlejandro Maldonado2015–2016**Guatemala**  
Alejandro Maldonado  
2015–2016
* GuatemalaJimmy Morales2016–2020**Guatemala**  
Jimmy Morales  
2016–2020
* GuatemalaAlejandro Giammattei2020–present**Guatemala**  
Alejandro Giammattei  
2020–present
* HondurasPorfirio Lobo Sosa2010–2014**Honduras**  
Porfirio Lobo Sosa  
2010–2014
* HondurasJuan Orlando Hernández2014–2022**Honduras**  
Juan Orlando Hernández  
2014–2022
* MexicoEnrique Peña Nieto * 2012–2018**Mexico**  
Enrique Peña Nieto \*  
 2012–2018
* PanamaJuan Carlos Varela*2014–2019**Panama**  
Juan Carlos Varela\*  
2014–2019
* ParaguayFederico Franco2012–2013**Paraguay**  
Federico Franco  
2012–2013
* ParaguayHoracio Cartes2013–2018**Paraguay**  
Horacio Cartes  
2013–2018
* ParaguayMario Abdo Benítez2018–present**Paraguay**  
Mario Abdo Benítez  
2018–present
* PeruPedro Pablo Kuczynski *2016–2018**Peru**  
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski \*  
2016–2018
* PeruManuel Merino2020**Peru**  
Manuel Merino  
2020
* UruguayLuis Alberto Lacalle Pou *2020–present**Uruguay**  
Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou \*  
2020–present

Related pages
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* Pink tide