For the company, see Puma (brand).

**Pumas** (*Puma concolor*), also called **cougars**, **mountain lions**, **catamounts**, or **brown panthers**, are large wild cats that live in the western half of North America, along with Florida, and most of Central and South America. 

Pumas are mainly tan-color, and can be up to 9 feet long, although average length is 6 – 8 feet. They can weigh from 29 kilograms to 90 kilograms. (The males are larger.) Most pumas live up to 21 years.[*source?*] Although pumas are very large and some are larger than humans, the puma is classified as a small cat. That means that, in scientific terms, the puma is more closely related to the domestic cat than they are to lions. Unlike the big cats in the genus *Panthera*, the puma cannot roar. Instead, it can growl, hiss, screech, and purr. Since pumas are, in the biological sense, small cats, they are capable of purring continuously. The big cats can only purr while breathing out. 

Pumas are carnivores because they eat only meat. Pumas are apex predators. They prey on deer, elk, raccoons, squirrels, foxes, rabbits, and skunks. They can also prey on mice, beavers, coyotes, bobcats, birds, porcupines, fish, and bear cubs. They will sometimes prey on livestock such as cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs. They hunt at night. Cougars can see better at night than people can. They can hear well too. Pumas stalk their prey, which means they walk slowly and quietly, they hide and then when close, they jump or run fast to catch their prey by surprise. They live and hunt alone. Female cougars take care of their babies until they are old enough to take care for themselves. Baby cougars are called cubs or kittens.

Pumas live in the mountains and forests far from people. However, encounters with humans happen sometimes. 26 people have been killed by cougars in North America in the last 30 years. However, many more cougars have been killed by humans. Cougars used to be found all in eastern North America, but they were hunted to extinction there by the beginning of the 1900s. Also, recent sightings of cougars have been reported from Michigan, New Brunswick, southern Indiana, Kentucky, and Vermont. For now, the only confirmed, population of cougars east of the Mississippi River is in Florida, where a subspecies of the cougar lives.

Related pages
-------------

* Florida Panthers

Sources
-------

1. ↑  Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M (eds.). *Mammal Species of the World* (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 544–45. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
2. ↑  Caso, A. (2008). "*Puma concolor*". *IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3*. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved December 10, 2014.

Other websites
--------------

* IUCN Archived 2007-05-17 at the Wayback Machine


Wikispecies has information on: ***Puma concolor***.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Puma concolor***.

* Information on Pumas Archived 2012-11-20 at the Wayback Machine

| Taxon identifiers |
| --- |
| *Puma concolor* | 
* Wikidata: Q35255
* Wikispecies: Puma concolor
* ADW: Puma\_concolor
* BioLib: 1995
* BOLD: 12521
* EoL: 311910
* FEIS: puco
* Fossilworks: 51265
* GBIF: 2435099
* iNaturalist: 42007
* IRMNG: 10212875
* ITIS: 552479
* IUCN: 18868
* MSW: 14000204
* NCBI: 9696
* Observation.org: 83735
* Species+: 6330
* TSA: 15179

 |
| *Felis concolor* | 
* Wikidata: Q109647288
* EPPO: FELICO
* GBIF: 2435104
* ITIS: 180587
* ZooBank: BB3822FD-503E-4614-8531-42E7D04F0D71

 |

| Authority control Edit this at Wikidata |
| --- |
| National | 
* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* Japan
* Czech Republic

 |
| Other | 
* NARA

 |