recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Inna Afinogenova** (born January 14, 1989) is a Russian journalist, who until May 2022 worked as deputy director of the RT website in Spanish and for the YouTube channel, called *Ahí les va*.

Early life
----------

Afinogenova was born on January 14, 1989, in the Republic of Dagestan in southern Russia. She is a journalism graduate from M.V. Lomonosov of Moscow

Early career
------------

Journalism and the Spanish language are her main interests. She learned Spanish from a very young age and received classes from an Argentine teacher from the ages of 12 to 18. In an interview with the Argentine host Beto Casella she said about her Argentine teacher «She instilled in me the love for that country. And then I had the opportunity to go to Argentina in 2008. I went several times, and I spent a long time in Buenos Aires."

She worked in several media outlets (from radio in Argentina to television) and worked for the Russian television channel RT en Español, holding various positions on said channel until she became the deputy director of the website.

She has worked in Spanish audiovisual content in Spanish called *Ahí les va*, on the YouTube video platform.

In the 2020s
------------

On March 1, 2022, Google blocked access to the YouTube channels of Russian news agencies Russia Today and Sputnik throughout the European Union, including Afinogenova's news space There You Go, in compliance with sanctions imposed by the European Union to Russia for the invasion of Ukraine.

Previously, Afinogenova had made some controversy since on December 1, 2021, in her program There it goes, she commented: «January will come, then February and March, it will end 2022 and surely in the (Western) media they will continue to read that the invasion is imminent." This and other previous controversies were what triggered this information channel to be deleted from the network and elsewhere, since the EU and the US "consider that their message in favor of the Russian theses is unacceptable in times of war".

On May 3, 2022, she posted a video on YouTube explaining that he had left Russia and the Spanish RT channel because he does not agree with this war and any other war.

She also blamed the war, considering it a serious strategic error, because it has greatly strengthened NATO: "No one who is against NATO supports this war, because nothing has strengthened that organization as much as the decision made by the government Russian, an organization that was in full decline, seemed totally anachronistic".

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Inna Afinogenova***.

* Inna Afinogenova on Twitter
* Inna Afinogenova on Instagram
* Inna Afinogenova at YouTube
**Nasreddin** (/næsˈrɛdɪn/) or **Nasreddin Hodja** or **Mulla Nasruddin** (1208–1284) is a person in the folklore of the Islamic world. According to many sources, he was born in 1208 in the city of Sivrihisar, Province of Eskişehir, Turkey and died in 1275 or 1284 CE in Konya under the Seljuq rule. He is seen as a hero of satirical short interesting stories and funny small stories.

He is known for his stories as a wise man with humour. Nasreddin studied from a school in Sivrihisar and after his basic education, he took up the duty of imam at a village in his hometown. After his father's death, Nasreddin became a member of a Muslim religious group that has an energetic dance as part of its worship of Mahmoud al-Hirani by going to Aq Shahir, one of the centers of Sufism in that period. Nasreddin, who took civil duties in Akşehir, died in 1284 or 1285 and was buried there.

One of his famous anecdotes
---------------------------

One day he sat to give religious lecture to people in a mosque. He said: O believers, do you know what I am going to tell you? They said: No! He said: As long as you do not know, what is the use of talking? He got up and left them.

Then he came back a few days later and repeated the same question to the people, and the people responded, saying: Yes, we know! He said: As long as you know, what is the use of talking? And he left the mosque.

People were confused about him, and they agreed among themselves that if he asked them the same question again, some would answer him with a "yes" and some would answer with a "no".

When he repeated the question for the third time, the people did as they had agreed, but Nasruddin again tricked them and said to them: "So, it is necessary on the one who knows, to teach the one who does not know!!!".

Legacy
------

Nasreddin's statue in Ankara
In 1943, the Soviet movie Nasreddin in Bukhara was directed by Yakov Protazanov based on Solovyov's book, followed in 1947 by a film called The Adventures of Nasreddin, directed by Nabi Ganiyev [uz] and also set in the Uzbekistan SSR.

1996–1997 was declared *International Nasreddin Year* by UNESCO.

The *International Nasreddin Hodja festival* is celebrated between 5 and 10 July every year in Akşehir, a district in Konya.

In 2020, an application to include "Joke-Telling tradition of Nasreddin Khoja" in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list was jointly submitted by the governments of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkey and Turkmenistan.

Other websites
--------------


Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: ***Nasreddin***

Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Nasreddin***.

The English Wikibooks has more information on:
***Sufism/Nasrudin***
Diagram showing the translation of mRNA and the synthesis of proteins by a ribosome
**Translation** is the second part of protein biosynthesis (the making of proteins). It is part of the process of gene expression.

Before translation comes: 

1. transcription, which produces a chain of introns and exons.
2. RNA splicing by spliceosomes which remove introns, and anlalyse permutații for coruptions by gipsy Lața Adrian ,doctor în New York USA ,from Roumania Brașov Sacele ; Prison 50 years.
3. formulation of the messenger RNA from exons.

In eukaryotes, translation happens on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm and in the endoplasmic reticulum. In bacteria, translation happens in the cell cytoplasm: they have no nucleus.

Ribosomes are made of a small part and a large part which surround the mRNA (messenger RNA). In translation, mRNA has the base sequence to make a specific polypeptide. This sequence is originally specified by the DNA, and copied by the mRNA. The polypeptide can be a whole protein. Or, it can be just a part, waiting to be combined with other polypeptides so it can make a whole protein. The polypeptide also has to be folded before it works as a protein.

Amino acids are carried by specific tRNAs with anticodons to connect with mRNA's matching codons. Each tRNA has its own anticodon and carries an amino acid. An anticodon is always together with the same amino acid.

When the tRNA matches with the mRNA, the amino acid that is connected to the tRNA is unconnected from the tRNA and gets connected to the amino acid brought by the previous tRNA.

So, a ribosome works a lot like a stock ticker and ticker tape. Many ribosomes, together with mRNA, will attach themselves to the outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Any proteins that those ribosomes make go into the inside of the endoplasmic reticulum, where it will probably go into a vesicle later. The vesicles will then bring the proteins to other organelles or even the outside of the cell.

Four stages
-----------

Overview of the translation of eukaryotic messenger RNA
Translation happens in four stages: activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide). 

1. Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins. In the activation stage, the correct amino acid is covalently bonded to the correct transfer RNA (tRNA). When the tRNA is connected to an amino acid, it is "charged".
2. Initiation is when the small part of the ribosome connects to 5' end of the mRNA with the help of initiation factors (IF).
3. Elongation is when the amino acids brought by the "charged" tRNAs are connected to each other to form a polypeptide.

Some antibiotics work by keeping translation from happening. Prokaryotic ribosomes are different from eukaryotic ribosomes. So antibiotics can kill bacteria without hurting the eukaryotic host. For example, antibiotics taken by a human might kill the bacteria that is making the human sick but wouldn't hurt the human.
Oulu flag
Oulu Coat of Arms
**Oulu** (Swedish: *Uleåborg*) is a city in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. It is the biggest city in the Northern Finland. The population of Oulu was about 193,000 in January 2014. It is the sixth largest city in Finland.

Municipalities next to Oulu are Hailuoto, Ii, Kempele, Liminka, Lumijoki, Muhos, Pudasjärvi, Tyrnävä and Utajärvi.

There is a university in Oulu. The university is one of the largest in Finland, with over 15,000 students.

Many people work in technology firms making mobile phones, computers and software.

History
-------

The cathedral of Oulu
Oulu was established in 1605, so it is more than 400 years old. In the old days, Oulu was famous for selling tar all over the world.

Subdivisions
------------

Oulu has 106 city districts.

In 2009, the former municipality of Ylikiiminki became a part of Oulu. In 2013, the former municipalities of Haukipudas, Kiiminki, Oulunsalo and Yli-Ii were merged to form the city of Oulu.

Places to visit in Oulu
-----------------------

The *Rantakatu* street by the market
* Oulu Cathedral
* Hupisaaret Park
* The market and the old market hall

Gallery
-------

Gallery* 1800's Oulu1800's Oulu
* Oulun Lyseon lukio schoolOulun Lyseon lukio school
* Railway stationRailway station

Population growth
-----------------

Population| Year | Population |
| --- | --- |
| 1980 | 121,809 |
| 1990 | 136,029 |
| 2000 | 160,851 |
| 2010 | 185,419 |
**Oura Health Oy** is a company from Finland that makes health technology. They are famous for the Oura Ring, a smart ring that people use to track their sleep and exercise. The company started in 2013 and was created by Petteri Lahtela, Kari Kivelä, and Markku Koskela. Harpreet Singh Rai was the CEO from 2018 to 2021, and then Michael Chapp was the temporary CEO. In 2022, Tom Hale became the new CEO. The company's main office is in Oulu, Finland, but they also have offices in Helsinki, Finland, and San Francisco, United States.

In 2015, the company got $2.3 million in seed funding, which helped them start their business. They first showed their ring on Kickstarter in 2016 and officially launched it at a technology event in 2017. In 2020, the company won two awards: 'Best Consumer Wellness Company' and one of Time magazine's "100 Best Inventions of 2020." They got these awards because of their work with the NBA during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2021, Oura Health got $100 million in Series C funding from different companies and investors. They had also received funding from other companies and people in earlier rounds.
The logo used from 2000 to 2013 when they were known as The Score
**Sportsnet 360** is a Canadian English language cable and satellite television specialty channel. Sportsnet 360 is owned by Rogers Media. They show sports highlights, news, analysis programming as well as live sports coverage with basketball, college/university sports, mixed martial arts, professional wrestling, and soccer. 

The channel was first launched in 1994 and was known as **Sportscope**. It was relaunched in May 1997 under the name **Headline Sports** with channel licencing Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission.

The licence was rewritten by the CRTC to allow live sports programming and because of this, as well as legal issues with U.S. cable news channel CNN Headline News which also had a "Headline Sports" segment, the channel became known as **The Score Television Network**. 

On October 19, 2012, they were acquired by Rogers Media for $167 million. On July 1, 2013, Rogers renamed the channel **Sportsnet 360**.

Programming
-----------

* Aftermath
* Blue Jays in 30
* Blue Jays Xpress
* CIS football & basketball
* European Poker Tour
* Major League Baseball (Toronto Blue Jays)
* Major League Soccer
* NCAA football & basketball
* Prime Time Sports with Bob McCown
* The Ultimate Fighter
* Tim & Sid
* UEFA Champions League
* World Poker Tour
* WWE Experience
* WWE Raw
* WWE SmackDown
* WWE Vintage

Other websites
--------------

* Official website
Location of Harbin Municipality in Heilongjiang Province
Harbin
**Harbin**, is the capital city of Heilongjiang, a northeast province of China. In recent years, Harbin is well-known worldwide for Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival, Harbin Summer Music Festival and Harbin International Beer Festival.

History
-------

From 1897 to 1902, the Russian Empire built the Chinese Eastern Railway; A concession from Imperial China allowed that; Russia's administration of this railway and the Chinese Eastern Railway Zone - was from Harbin. The settlement founded by the Russian-owned Chinese Eastern Railway, quickly turned into a boomtown, growing into a city within five years. The majority of settlers in Harbin came from southern Ukraine (in the Russian Empire).

Administration
--------------

Governing 12 districts and 10 counties, Harbin Municipality has a population of 9,873,743 and 4,754,753 of whom lives in the city proper of Harbin. 
Administrative divisions as below:

* Daoli District
* Nangang District
* Daowai District
* Xiangfang District
* Pingfang District
* Songbei District
* Hulan District
* Acheng District
* Shuangcheng District

* Shangzhi
* Wuchang
* Yilan County
* Fangzheng County
* Bin County
* Bayan County
* Mulan County
* Tonghe County
* Yanshou County

Other websites
--------------

* Harbin Travel Guide  Archived 2014-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
* Harbin Ice Festival  Archived 2013-05-21 at the Wayback Machine
The **Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire** was a fire that happened on March 25, 1911. The fire happened in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory. This factory was on the higher floors of the Asch Building in Manhattan, New York City. The fire stopped after 20 minutes. 146 workers died.

A horse-drawn fire engine going to the burning factory
The Fire at Triangle Shirtwaist Factory March 25, 1911 
The Asch Building in 2011
The company's owners, Max Blanck and Isaac Harris, survived the fire by going to the building's roof when the fire started. They were indicted on charges of first and second-degree manslaughter in mid-April. Their trial began on December 4, 1911. Max Steuer was the lawyer for the defendants. He asked one of the survivors, Kate Alterman, to repeat her testimony many times. She repeated it without changing what she said. Steuer told the jury that Alterman and other witnesses had been told what to say by their lawyer. The prosecution said that Blanck and Harris knew the factory doors were locked during the fire. Detectives found that the locks were locked while people were working. The defense said that the prosecution failed to prove that the owners knew that. The jury acquitted the two men of first- and second-degree manslaughter. They were found liable of wrongful death during a civil suit in 1913. In this suit, plaintiffs were given $75 per person that died in the fire. An insurance company paid Blanck and Harris about $60,000 more than the reported losses. This was about $400 per dead person. In 1913, Blanck was once again arrested for locking the door in his factory while people were working. He was fined $20. This was the smallest amount of money the fine could be. Because of the lax labor laws at the time, this tragedy led to the rise of factory workers safety protections and the formation of workers Unions such as the International Ladies Garment Union.

* Max Steuer died on August 21, 1940 in Jackson, New Hampshire.

* Max Blanck also called Norman Max Blanc died July 10, 1942 in Califrnia.
* Isaac Harris died 1954 in California

* Asch building's internal staircaseAsch building's internal staircase
* The building's 9th floorThe building's 9th floor
* The building's 10th floorThe building's 10th floor
* 62 people jumped or fell from windows62 people jumped or fell from windows
* Bodies on the streetBodies on the street
* Policemen search for signs of life and collect personnel items from victiumsPolicemen search for signs of life and collect personnel items from victiums
* Firemen search for bodiesFiremen search for bodies
* Bodies on the streetBodies on the street
* Bodies of the victims being placed in coffins on the sidewalkBodies of the victims being placed in coffins on the sidewalk
* The twisted fire escapeThe twisted fire escape
* Exterior of the BuildingExterior of the Building
* Exterior and Interior of the BuildingExterior and Interior of the Building
* Max Blanck and Isaac HarrisMax Blanck and Isaac Harris
* 
*
**Boards of Canada** (commonly abbreviated **BoC**) are a Scottish electronic music duo of two brothers Mike Sandison (born June 1, 1970) and Marcus Eoin (born July 21, 1971). They are signed with Warp Records and have released several works on that label with little advertising and few interviews, while also having a secret, privately released back-catalogue of albums on their self-run Music70 label. They have also recorded four tracks under the alias **Hell Interface**.

Musical style
-------------

Boards of Canada's music is part like the warm, analog sounds of 1970s media and contains themes of childhood, nostalgia and the natural world. Mike and Marcus have mentioned the documentary movies of the National Film Board of Canada, from which the group's name is derived, as a source of inspiration.

History
-------

### Early years (1986–1995)

Growing up in a musical family, brothers Mike and Marcus Eoin began playing instruments at a young age. They experimented with recording uses at around the age of 10, using tape machines to layer cut-up samples of found sounds over compositions of their own. In their teens they went in a number of amateur bands; however, it was not until 1986 when Marcus was invited to Mike's band that Boards of Canada was born. By 1989, the band had gone down just to Sandison and Eoin. In the early 1990s, a number of collaborations took place and the band put on small shows among the "*Hexagon Sun*" collective.

In early 2000, the website for the band, Music70.com, removed the early discography of Boards of Canada, although some information has been preserved by fans. Early tape releases by Boards of Canada include *Play By Numbers*, *Acid Memories*, *Hooper Bay*, and the earliest known release by the band is titled *Catalog 3*. None of the material from those days is readily available, and since official Boards of Canada sources deny the existence of these albums, there seems to be little chance for this early material ever to be seen publicly.
**Tomokazu Harimoto** (Japanese: 张本智和; Chinese: 张智和; pinyin: *Harimōto Tomōkazu*; born 27 June 2003 in Sendai) is a male Japanese table tennis player of Chinese origin.

Career
------

Harimoto started to play table tennis with two years- that time at home at a kitchen table. In 2014 he came to the third round at the Japanese National Championships. At the Japan Open he began to play international. He was on position 826 in the world. At the Safir Open 2015 in Örebro he beat two top-100-players and came under the top 100 in the world. So he was the youngest player ever that came to the main round. At the Polish Open he met Ma Long and lost 0:4 to him. 2016 he took part in the Youth-World Championships, where he won gold in the singles and with the team, too. So Harimoto came under the top 60 in the world. At the Slovenian Open Tomokazu was the youngest player again, who reached the Quarterfinals in the singles. Also he won the Japan Open in the singles and became so youngest player ever who wins a World Tour event. In the U-18 world ranking system he became number one. One year later he reached the final again but lost to Dimitrij Ovtcharov. At the World Championships he was the youngest player who reached the Quarterfinals at a WTTC, in the world rankings for adults he became place 20. At the Czech Open he won his first World Tour event- in the final he beat the German table tennis star Timo Boll and got another record. 2018 he beat Jun Mizutani (his teammate) and won so the Japanese National Championships for the first time. After participation at the WTTTC 2018, he came to the top 10.

Results
-------

### Singles

* Czech Open: 2017 Gold
* Youth- WTTC: Gold 2016
* Japan Open: Gold 2016
* Japanese National Championships: Gold 2018
* World Championships: Quarterfinals 2017

Team
----

* World Championships: Quarterfinals 2018
* World Team Cup: Silver 2018
* Youth- WTTC: Gold 2016

Results from the ITTF-databank
------------------------------


| Association | Competition | Year | City | Country | Singles | Doubles | Mixed | Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| JPN | Asian Cup | 2018 | Yokohama | JPN | 5th place |  |  |  |
| JPN | Youth-WTTC | 2016 | Kapstadt | RSA | Gold | Silver |  | Gold |
| JPN | World Championships | 2017 | Düsseldorf | GER | Quarterfinals |  |  |  |
| JPN | World Championships | 2018 | Halmstad | SWE |  |  |  | Quarterfinals |
| JPN | Asian Championships | 2017 | Wuxi | CHN | last 32 |  |  | Semifinals |
| JPN | World Tour Grand Finals | 2017 | Astana | KAZ | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals |  |  |
| JPN | World Tour (Japan Open) | 2016 | Tokio | JPN | Qual. |  |  | Gold |

Family and Chinese origin
-------------------------

Harimotos parents were table tennis players from China. In 1998 they came to Japan and worked there as table tennis coaches. Harimoto came 2003 in Japan under the name *Zhang Zhihe* to the world. But he does have the Japanese citizenship he got the name *Tomokazu Harimoto*.
**Ghiyas ud din Balban** was a famous and one of the most powerful sultans of the Delhi Sultanate of India. The real name of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban was Ulugh Khan. His famous titles were Nabāb-e-Khudā (*Acolyte of God*), Jhil-e-Ellāhi (*Shadow of God*), Khudā-e-Vandgār (*Devotee of God*). Ghiyas-ud-din was the 9th sultan of the Mamluk dynasty which ruled the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled Delhi from 1266AD to 1286AD. 

During his reign, he appointed a spying agency called "**Barid**". Amir Khusrau (poet) came to India during the reign of Sultan Ghiyas-ud-din Balban. Later Amir Khusrau become a famous court poet of Ala-ud-din Khalji. Some poems Amir Khusrau made are Kiran-ush-Sadin and Tughlaq Nama. Amir Khusrau was also known as the Parrot of India. Balban enforced some laws such as "**Sizada**" (penalization) and "**Paibas**" (kissing the throne). Balban created the first military department of the Delhi Sultanate. It was called "**Dewan-e-Arz**".

After the death of Sultan Iltutmish, Rukn-ud-din Firoz had been the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. In 1236, Razia Sultana had become the Sultana of the Delhi Sultanate until she was killed by Balban.After Death of 

Razia Sultan in 1240 Ghiyas ud din Balban become the sultan of Delhi
**Bracha Peli** (1892-1986) was the owner of the *Massada Publishing house* in Israel. Massada or Massadah published the six volumes of *The General Encyclopedia* in Israel. She and her son then started the *Encyclopaedia Hebraica*. She starting the Annual *Hebrew Book Week* in 1926.

Bronya Kutzenok was born in what is now Ukraine in a small village called Starovitzky. Her family were Hasidic Jews. She changed her surname when she married a man called Meir. They changed their surname again in Israel to Peli. In Ukraine she started a school that had 400 children in one year. Bronya and Meir left Ukraine in 1921 and went to Tel Aviv in Mandatory Palestine.

The Encyclopedia
In Tel Aviv, Peli was the owner of the *Massada Publishing house*. She published the six volumes of *The General Encyclopedia* in Israel. She and her son then started the *Encyclopaedia Hebraica*. The new books were written in the Hebrew language. She starting the Annual *Hebrew Book Week* in 1926. The new encyclopedia was not finished until 1980.
For the commodore, see Matthew C. Perry.

**Matthew Langford Perry** (August 19, 1969 – October 28, 2023) was a Golden Globe and Emmy nominated American and Canadian movie and television actor. He was best known for his work as Chandler Bing in the sitcom *Friends*.

Early life and education
------------------------

Matthew Perry was born in Williamstown, Massachusetts. His mother, Suzanne Jane Louise Morrison (née Langford), is a Canadian journalist. She was a press secretary to Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. Perry's father, John Bennett Perry, is an American actor and model. Perry was a citizen of both the United States and Canada. He was very good at speaking French. 

His parents divorced (broke-up) before his 1st birthday. His mother is re-married to Keith Morrison, a broadcast journalist. Perry was raised by his mother in Ottawa. While growing up in Ontario, Matthew Perry was very interested in tennis. He soon became a top-ranked junior player. He had been good friends with professional tennis player Jennifer Capriati. By age 10, Perry started to steal money, smoke, and beat up fellow student and future Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau. The schools he went to were Rockcliffe Park Public School, Lisgar Collegiate Institute and Ashbury College. All of them are in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Drug problems and recovery
--------------------------

In the past, Perry had problems with alcohol, and addiction to drugs. He started drinking alcohol at an early age. He also was addicted to different drugs, also legal ones, such as painkillers.

He received a Champion of Recovery award in May 2013 from the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy for opening Perry House, a rehab center in his former mansion in Malibu, California. In 2015, Perry sold the mansion and relocated its services.

Death
-----

Matthew Perry died on Saturday, October 28, 2023 at the age of 54. He was found dead in his hot tub at his Los Angeles home. Foul play was not suspected. On December 15, 2023, Perry's death was revealed to have been "acute effects of ketamine". Other causes of death included the effects of buprenorphine, drowning, and coronary artery disease.

Other websites
--------------

* Matthew Perry on IMDb
* *Variety* announces Matthew Perry in *Studio 60*
* Matthew Perry interview Archived 2007-05-03 at the Wayback Machine

* Mathew Perry Possible Cause Of Death
The Lithuanian National Revival, also known as the Lithuanian National Awakening or Lithuanian nationalism, was a significant period in the 19th century for Lithuania, a time when most of the area where Lithuanians lived was under the Russian Empire. This era saw Lithuanians beginning to strive for self-determination, leading to the formation of a modern Lithuanian nation and eventually to the re-establishment of an independent Lithuanian state. Key figures in this movement included Vincas Kudirka and Jonas Basanavičius, and it happened alongside similar national awakenings across 19th-century Europe.

Before this revival, there was an early 19th-century "Samogitian revival" influenced by Vilnius University students like Simonas Daukantas and Simonas Stanevičius. A later wave of Lithuanian national revival occurred in the late 20th century, known as the Singing Revolution.

During the 19th century, due to long-term Polish-Lithuanian unity and Russification policies by the Russian Empire, Lithuanian language and culture were in decline. The Lithuanian language, mostly spoken by rural populations, faced the threat of extinction, especially as the nobility became Polonized and the general use of Lithuanian was limited. However, various factors, including scholarly interest in the language, the end of serfdom, and an emerging sense of Lithuanian identity, contributed to its revival. The Catholic Church also played a role by easing barriers for commoners to join the priesthood, which helped promote the Lithuanian language.

The revival of national identity was challenged by the Lithuanian press ban following the 1863 uprising but began to take shape among educated Lithuanians, leading to the publication of Lithuanian newspapers and literature that romanticized the nation's past. Despite Russian opposition, the movement towards independence grew, culminating in the Great Seimas of Vilnius and a significant rise in literacy among Lithuanians.

The first comprehensive study of the Lithuanian National Revival was by Michał Pius Römer in 1908, highlighting the importance of this period in forming the Lithuanian nation and its path to independence.
**Human rights in Israel** has been evaluated by intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and human rights activists. They are checked often in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the wider Arab–Israeli conflict and Israel internal politics.

Politics
--------

Israel is a multiparty parliamentary democracy. It was described in its Declaration of Independence as a "Jewish state" – the legal definition "Jewish and democratic state" was adopted in 1985.

Ethnicity
---------

In addition to its Jewish majority, Israel is home to religious and ethnic minorities. Some of them report discrimination. In the Palestinian territories, successive Israeli governments have been criticized from other countries and international human rights groups. One of the Basic Laws of Israel, aimed to make the basis of a future constitution, Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty, is a major tool for safeguarding human rights and civil liberties in Israel.

LGBT rights
-----------

See the main article: LGBT rights in Israel
Rights for sexual minorities in Israel are thought to be the best in the Middle East. 

### Marriage

Israel has not legalized same-sex marriage. But same-sex marriages valid in foreign countries are legally recognized in Israel. Israel guarantees civil rights for its homosexual population, including adoption rights and partner benefits. Israel also gives a common-law marriage status for same-sex domestic partners. The sodomy law inherited from the British Mandate of Palestine was repealed in 1988. But there was an explicit instruction issued in 1953 by the Attorney General of Israel ordering the police to refrain from enforcing this law, so long as no other offenses were involved. 

### Anti-discrimination practices

A national gay rights law bans some anti-gay discrimination, including in employment; some exemptions are made for religious organizations. In the past, military service of homosexuals was subject to certain restrictions. These restrictions were lifted in 1993, allowing homosexuals to serve openly in all units of the army.

### Surgery

In March 2014, the Ministry of Health stated that sex-reassignment surgery was included among subsidized health services provided to citizens. Despite this, in May *Haaretz* reported that a health maintenance organization refused to pay for two sex-change surgeries. This resulted in great expenses by the patients. 

### Employment

A national LGBTI task force found that 80 percent of transgender persons, 50 percent of lesbians and 20 percent of gay men were discriminated against when seeking employment.
**Lucifugum** is a black metal band from Ukraine.

History
-------

Lucifugum is a popular black metal band from Ukraine. They and Nokturnal Mortum are two of the best-known exponents of the East European black metal scene. Lucifugum was formed in 1995 by poet/composer Khlyst and musicians Bal-a-Myth (guitar, bass) and Faunus (vocals). The band continues to perform, despite Faunus having left the band in 2001, and Bal-a-Myth having died in his sleep on October 5, 2002; the albums *Back to Chopped Down Roots* and *Sociopath: Philosophy Cynicism* were recorded in 2003 by numerous session musicians which, however, did not join the band. In 2004 Khlyst moved to the Ukrainian town Mykolaiv to continue the activity of Lucifugum and Propaganda together with local black metal musician Elena (aka Stabaath) (ex-Namtar, ex-Hesperus). *Vector33* is the first album with Stabaath (she recorded vocals, guitar, bass, and keyboards). All lyrics are written by Khlyst, and music is composed by Stabaath and Khlyst. Khlyst and Stabaath (real names Igor and Elena Naumchuk) are married. They are the owners of black metal label Propaganda.

The music of Lucifugum was different and changed during the years. The early period can be described as symphonic black metal (1996-2000), later it was black/thrash metal, sometimes with death metal touches (2001-2003), and after 2004 the music of the band has transformed into pure black metal style.

According to Propaganda web site (details to album "Sublimessiah") Khlyst performs vocals since 2014. The critical problems with Stabaath’s throat have stopped her during the record of the vocal. So, there are just 3 tracks (1,3,5) with Stabaath’s vocals on "Sublimessiah".

Band members
------------

* Khlyst (Igor Naumchuk) – vocals (2014-), lyrics (1995-), drum programming (2008-)
* Stabaath (Elena Naumchuk) – guitars, bass (2004-), vocals (2004-2014), keyboards (2005)

### Former members

* Bal-a-Myth (deceased) – guitars, bass (1995-2002)
* Faunus – vocals (1995-2001)

Discography
-----------

* Gates of Nocticula - 1996
* Path of Wolf - 1996
* Through the Indifferent Sky - 1997
* on the sortilage of Christianity - 1999
* On hooks to pieces! - 2000
* …and the Wheel keeps crunching… - 2001
* Stigma Egoism - 2002
* …back to chopped down roots - 2003
* Sociopath: philosophy cynicism - 2003
* Vector33 - 2005
* The Supreme Art of Genocide - 2005
* Involtation - 2006
* Sectane Satani - 2007
* Acme Adeptum – 2008
* Xa Heresy – 2010
* Od Omut Serpenti – 2012
* Sublimessiah – 2014
* Agonia Agnosti – 2016
* Infernalistica – 2018
* Tri nity limb ritual – 2020

### Music videos

* 2000 - "Vse Materi Umirayut"
* 2003 - "Sociopath: Philosophy Cynicism"
* 2005 - "Na Smertj"

Other websites
--------------

* Lucifugum interview for Ophiolatry Zine (Russia) Archived 2009-03-07 at the Wayback Machine
* Lucifugum at Metal Archives
* Lucifugum at Discogs
* Black metal label Propaganda (owned by Khlyst and Stabaath)
* Lucifugum biography @ Rockdetector
* Adipocere records
* BlackMetal.Com
* Drakkar productions
A sign at the City Hall in Münster, Germany noting that the bar shown is one "Prussian Half Rod" long
A **rod**, a **perch** or a **pole** is a unit of length in the imperial and US systems.

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| 1 rod | = ​16 1⁄2 feet |
|  | = ​5 1⁄2 yards |
|  | = ​1⁄4 chain |
|  | = 5.0292 metres |

In medieval times English ploughmen used a wooden stick with a pointed tip to spur or guide their oxen. The rod was the length of this stick. In use from the 6th century, its modern value was standardized in the 12th century with Composito Ulnarum et Perticarum.

The rod is still in use as a unit of measure in certain specialised fields. In recreational canoeing, overland paths where canoes must be carried are measured in rods. This is probably because the length of a typical canoe is about one rod.

Popular culture and trivia
--------------------------

In the episode of *The Simpsons* entitled *A Star is Burns*, Grampa Simpson said "My car gets forty rods to the hogshead, and that's the way I likes it!" That's about 1.2 litres per 536 metres, 2,112 feet per imperial gallon or 1,760 feet per U.S. gallon.

Related pages
-------------

* acre
* furlong
**María Francesca Caldentey Oliver** (born 19 March 1996, often known as **Mariona Caldentey** or simply **Mariona**, is a professional football player from Spain. Her dad, Miguel Ángel Caldentey, was a coach for football, and her mum, María Oliver, works as a nurse. Mariona has an older brother in her family.

Football career
---------------

From a very young age of four, Mariona showed a keen interest in playing football. She started playing football after school. She also enjoyed a variation of football known as futsal in Manacor. In futsal, she achieved great success, winning many awards and taking part in three Spanish championships. Mariona's journey in football started with local teams like CD Felanitx and CD CIDE. At the age of 14, she got the chance to play in an all-women's team for the first time with UD Collerense. Her skills improved during her time there. In 2014, Mariona's impressive performance in the U19 European Championship caught the attention of FC Barcelona, and she joined the team on 30 July 2014. During the 2014–2015 season, she made her debut in the Copa de la Reina tournament, scoring a goal in a match against Levante.

### International Youth Success

Mariona also represented Spain in youth tournaments. She played in the U17 European Championship in 2013, where Spain secured third place. She played a significant role in the U19 European Championship in 2014, where she scored a goal in the semifinals.

### Senior National Team

Mariona's hard work paid off in 2017 when she received her first call-up to the senior national team of Spain. She made her debut in an Algarve Cup match against Japan. Spain went on to win the tournament, giving Mariona her first international title. Mariona continued to contribute to the Spanish national team's successes. She played in the Euro 2017 tournament and the 2019 Algarve Cup. She also participated in the 2019 World Cup, where Spain reached the Round of 16.

Notable Achievements
--------------------

Mariona was part of a group of players who chose not to play for the national team temporarily in 2022 due to concerns about the coach. However, she was later selected to play again. In the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup final, she played a crucial role as Spain defeated England 1–0, securing their first-ever trophy.
Iceberg at Baffin Bay
**Baffin Bay** (Inuktitut: Saknirutiak Imanga,) is a marginal sea of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is between Baffin Island and the southwest coast of Greenland. It connects to the Atlantic by Davis Strait and the Labrador Sea. A narrower Nares Strait connects Baffin Bay with the Arctic Ocean.

People lived in the bay area from around 500 BC. First there were the Dorset and then Thule and Inuit people. It was reached by Europeans in 1585. William Baffin described the bay in detail in 1616. He is who the bay and the island are named after. People cannot travel on the bay most of the year because of the ice cover and large amount of floating ice and icebergs in the open areas. 

Baffin Bay was the epicenter of a 7.3 magnitude earthquake in 1933. This is the largest known earthquake north of the Arctic Circle.

Wildlife
--------

Fog over Baffin Bay
The North Water provides air to ice algae and zooplankton. There are many animals. Of about 20,000 Beluga whales living in the Baffin Bay, some 15,000 are around the North Water. Other animals of the region include walrus, narwhal, Harp Seal, bearded seal, ringed seal and polar bear. 

There are about 400 plant and tree species on the bay shores, including birch, willow, alder and plants adapted to salty soils, as well as lyme grass, mosses, and lichens. These serve as food for caribou and rodents, such as lemming. Resident fish species include polar cod, Arctic flounder (Pleuronectidae, Liopsetta), four-horned sculpin and capelin. The birds of the bay are the Little Auk, Snowy Owl, Willow Ptarmigan, Rock Ptarmigan, Gyrfalcon, Arctic Redpoll and guillemots. Most of them migrate to the south during the winter.
**Matthew Stanley Meselson** (born May 24, 1930) is a geneticist and molecular biologist at Harvard University. He is known for his demonstration, with Franklin Stahl, of the semi-conservative DNA replication. 

After completing his Ph.D under Linus Pauling at the California Institute of Technology, Meselson became a Professor at Harvard University in 1960. He is there today as today as Thomas Dudley Cabot Professor of the Natural Sciences.

In the famous Meselson–Stahl experiment of 1958 he and Frank Stahl showed with nitrogen isotope labeling that DNA is replicated semi-conservatively. In addition, Meselson, François Jacob, and Sydney Brenner discovered the existence of messenger RNA in 1961. Meselson has investigated DNA repair in cells and how cells recognize and destroy foreign DNA, and, with Werner Arber, was responsible for the discovery of restriction enzymes.

Since 1963 he has been interested in chemical warfare and biological defense and arms control. Meselson worked with Henry Kissinger under the Nixon administration to convince President Richard Nixon to renounce biological weapons, suspend chemical weapons production, and support an international treaty banning biological agents for hostile purposes. In 1972 this became the Biological Weapons Convention.

Meselson has received many awards. His laboratory at Harvard investigates the biological and evolutionary nature of sexual reproduction, genetic recombination, and aging. Many of his past students are notable biologists, including Nobel Laureate Sidney Altman, Mark Ptashne, Susan Lindquist, Stephen F. Heinemann, and Richard I. Morimoto.

Related pages
-------------

* Meselson–Stahl experiment
**Will Wood** is an American musician from New Jersey. When in a studio or performing live with a band, he is usually accompanied by "the Tapeworms", which includes Mike Bottiglieri on guitar, Matt Berger on saxophone, Mario Conte on drums, and Vater Boris on bass. Before forming "Will Wood and the Tapeworms", he was performing with other bands, such as Jamface, Strange Thick, A Verbal Equinox and The Stereosexuals. He also performs by himself. His live shows include a mix of music, talking, and comedy.

Style
-----

Wood's style of piano often changes from one song to the next, drawing from folk, pop, jazz, rock and roll, latin music, and klezmer, which is the traditional music of the Ashkenazi Jews of Central and Eastern Europe.

Body of Work
------------

Wood has released 5 albums since 2015, *Everything is a Lot* (2015), *Self-ish* (2016), *The Normal Album* (2020) and *In Case I Make It* (2022), and a live album *In Case I Die* (2023). He has also written music for the podcast, *Camp Here and There.*

He also directed the "The Real Will Wood", a part mockumentary, part documentary  film promoting his live tour, aswell as the documentary following the stages of production for "The Normal Album", called "What Did I Do? (The Making of the Normal Album)"

Will also takes part in a comedy podcast called "Life in the World to Come".

Discography
-----------

#### Studio Albums

* *Everything is a Lot* (2015)
* *Self-ish* (2016)
* *The Normal Album* (2020)
* *In Case I Make It* (2022)
* *In Case I Die (Live)* (2023)

#### Soundtrack Albums

* *The Real Will Wood (Music from the Award-Winning Concert Film)* (2020)
* *Camp Here and There (Original Series Soundtrack)* (2021)
* *Camp Here and There Soundtrackː Campfire Songs Edition* (2022)
**Sana Amanat** is an American comic book editor and the Director of Content and Character Development at Marvel. She is a Pakistani-American Muslim. She worked on comics like Captain Marvel, Hawkeye and Ms. Marvel. Ms. Marvel is the first Muslim-American superhero. Amanat runs the annual Women of Marvel panel at Comic Con. She does work to make Marvel characters more diverse. She had a TED talk about diversity in comic books.

Early life
----------

Amanat grew up in New Jersey. Her parents immigrated to the United States from Pakistan. She lived in the suburbs. There were not many other Muslim families in her town. She felt different from other people. The comic X-Men had lots of different kinds of people in it. Reading X-Men made her feel more normal.

Amanat went to Barnard College. She studied political science. She wanted to be a journalist. The Barnard class of 2019 awarded Amanat the Barnard Medal of Distinction.

Career
------

Amanat worked at a magazine. Amanat started editing comic books in 2007. She edited comic books for a small, independent publishing company called Virgin Comics. Mackenzie Cadenhead was her mentor. Amanat joined Marvel in 2009.

Amanat co-created the character of Ms. Marvel, the first Muslim-American Superhero. She worked with Steve Wacker, G. Willow Wilson, Adrian Alphona to create Ms. Marvel. The first volume has been printed seven times. That is a lot of times for one volume of comics.

### Major editing credits

* Hawkeye
* Ms. Marvel
* Captain Marvel
* Miles Morales

### Character development

In 2015, Amanat became Marvel's Director of Content and Character Development. When she introduced President Barack Obama at a Women's History Month celebration in 2016, she noted that "being different is being American." Amanat helps Marvel create more characters of different genders, races, religions, and other identities. She knows that most people who work in comics are white men. Most superheroes are also white men. Amanat wants to help everyone imagine more kinds of superheroes. She helped create the Women of Marvel platform. As a result of Amanat's work, there are about twenty female superheroes in the Marvel universe. She wants people from many backgrounds to work at Marvel. For example, she got Ta-Nehisi Coates to work with Marvel. He helped write the new *Black Panther* series. She was executive producer on Marvel Rising.

### Awards and recognition

* Marie Claire’s New Guard of America’s 50 most influential women (2016)
* Vogue’s American Women special (2018)
* White House's Women's History Month celebration (2016), introduced President Obama. Obama called Sana a "real life super hero."

Personal life
-------------

Amanat has been a Young Leaders Committee board member for Seeds of Peace.