recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
**Bislama** is one of the three national languages of Vanuatu. It is a new language, made during the last two or three hundred years by mixing English with some French and some local words. The way the words are put together is like people have talked in Vanuatu for a long time -- not like English or French words are put together.

Bislama is like this:

*Stoa long haos* - The store next to the house.
*Buk blong mi* - My book.
*Bambae mi wantem bia* - I will want beer.

History
-------

Between the 1870s and the 1880s, hundreds of thousands of Pacific islanders (many of them from the New Hebrides) were forced to work on plantations, mainly in the state of Queensland, Australia, and Fiji. A pidgin was formed out of the several languages spoken in these plantations. It combined English vocabulary with the grammar from the languages of the region. This early plantation pidgin was the origin of Bislama, Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea and Pijin from the Solomon Islands.

This creole started spreading throughout the Vanuatu archipelago at the turn of the 20th century. Because there are 113 languages spoken in Vanuatu, Bislama serves as a lingua franca for communication. 

The first dictionary of Bislama was published in 1995. Its second edition was published in 2004. This has helped to create a standardised and uniform spelling of written Bislama.

Besides Bislama, most ni-Vanuatu also know their local language. The country's official languages used for education are English and French.

Grammar
-------

Two frequent words in Bislama are "long" and "blong", which take the place of many prepositions in English.

### "Long"

* *Long* as 'next to', 'by', 'beside' etc.
Stoa long haosThe store next to the house.
* *long* as 'at' or 'to'
Mi bin stap long ples ia bifoI have been to this place before.
Mi stap long stoaI am at the store.
* *long* as 'in'
Jea long haosThe chair in the house.

*Long* has many other related meanings, and is sometimes used in improvisation.

### "Blong"

Originally from the English word "belong", *blong* takes the place of 'of' or the genitive case in other languages. Just like *of* in English, it is one of the most widely used and versatile words in the language, and can indicate possession, country of origin, defining characteristics, intention, and others.

Buk blong miThe book that belongs to me, my book
Man blong AmerikaMan from America, American.
Hemi woman blong saiensShe is a woman of science, She is a scientist.
Man blong dringMan of drinking i.e. a drinker

Other websites
--------------


 ***Bislama edition*** of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

* Bislama languages resources, dictionary, translator, translaters, online training
* Bislama spelling dictionary for Microsoft Word
* Bislama Spelling Dictionary compiled by Daryl Moon (.pdf)
* Bislama language Archived 2011-05-24 at the Wayback Machine A guide to speaking Bislama; dictionaries English-Bislama and Bislama-English
* Bislama (Vanuatu) written by Terry Crowley Background (history, attitudes and use), vocabulary, sounds, grammar

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A **toy** is something to play with. Toys are for children, adults, and animals. Before 1970, most toys were made of metal and wood. Now, they are mostly made of plastic. Sometimes they are made of electronic material. Some people also consider video games toys. Toys include balls, plastic cars, and dolls. They also can be sex related products.

A little theatre with marionettes, Italy, 1959
Toys originated many years ago. Dolls of infants, animals, and soldiers and toy tools are found in archaeological places. The origin of the word "toy" is not known. However, it is thought that it was first used in the 14th century.

The earliest toys were made from rocks, sticks or clay. In Ancient Egypt, children played with dolls made of clay and sticks. In Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, children played with dolls made of wax or terracotta, sticks, bows and arrows, and yo-yos. Later these developmental games were used in creation of indoor playsets for homes. When Greek children, especially girls became adults, it was required to sacrifice the toys to the gods. On the eve of their wedding, young girls around fourteen would offer their dolls in a temple as a rite of passage into adulthood.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Toys***.

Gallery
-------

* Toys from Ancient Rome, including a few that are still played with today, including a doll, dice, rattles, and toy dishesToys from Ancient Rome, including a few that are still played with today, including a doll, dice, rattles, and toy dishes
* MarblesMarbles
* An doll from 1845An doll from 1845
* A teddy bearA teddy bear
* Mexican guitars and toysMexican guitars and toys
* A dart board A dart board
* A piggy bank made of LegoA piggy bank made of Lego
**American Airlines Flight 77** was American Airlines' transcontinental flight from Washington Dulles International Airport, in Dulles, Virginia to Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California. The flight flew every day in the morning on this route. On September 11, 2001, the aircraft flying this route—a Boeing 757-223—was hijacked by five al-Qaeda terrorists. The hijackers crashed the plane into the Pentagon on purpose. The crash was part of the September 11 attacks.

The hijackers went into the cockpit and made the passengers move to the back of the plane less than 35 minutes into the flight. Hani Hanjour, one of the hijackers who was trained as a pilot, took over the flight. Passengers on the plane were able to make telephone calls to loved ones. They also called people to tell them what was happening on the plane. The hijackers did not know that passengers were doing this.

Barbara Olson, wife of U.S. Solicitor General Theodore Olson, was one of the passengers.

The aircraft crashed into the western side of the Pentagon at 09:37 EDT. All 64 people on board the aircraft, including the hijackers, died. 125 people in the building died as well. Dozens of people saw the crash. News sources began reporting on the incident within minutes. The impact damaged an area of the Pentagon and started a large fire. Part of the Pentagon collapsed. Firefighters spent days trying to stop the fire. The damaged areas of the Pentagon were rebuilt in 2002. The fixed areas were able to be used again starting on August 15, 2002.

The 184 victims of the attack are honored in the Pentagon Memorial next to the Pentagon. The 1.93-acre (7,800 m2) park contains a bench for each of the victims. The benches are put in order of the victim's years of birth. These years range from 1930 (aged 71) to 1998 (aged 3).

Hijackers of American Airlines Flight 77
----------------------------------------

* Hani Hanjour
* Nawaf al-Hazmi
* Salem al-Hazmi
* Majed Moqed
* Khalid al-Mihdhar

Other websites
--------------

* American Airlines Flight 77 Archived 2010-07-29 at the Wayback Machine Brief summary, as well as complete victim list
**Alan Alejandro Maldonado Tamez** (born September 24, 1984) better known by his stage name **Dharius** (previously MC Dharius) and also as DHA and El Tirano, is an MC and ex Mexican-member of the group of rap Cartel de Santa.

Musical career
--------------

It was not more than a year since the creation of "La Real Academia de La Rima" for Dharius to be invited (like Babo) to be part of "La Artillería Pesada", a group founded by Fermín IV, leader singer of Control Machete, the maximum rap exponent at that time. Dharius and Babo join Artilleria Pesada and record an album in which great international rappers like El Meswy (One of the best rappers in Spain) took part but in spite of all the production, the record never came out light due to reasons still unknown. In 2002, Dharius is invited by Babo as a supporter in the tour of the first album of Cartel de Santa. Dharius accepts and begins to travel throughout Mexico with this group. In 2003, Cartel de Santa is invited to participate with a song in the tribute to the great Mexican singer-songwriter José Alfredo Jiménez titled "XXX", the group accepts and Babo invites Dharius to collaborate with them in the reissue of the song "Ella". This would be the second recording of Dharius with Cartel de Santa (He had already collaborated with them in the song Super MC's, included in the first self-titled album of the group) and would also be the song with which, a few months later, the group would win his first gold record for its high sales.

Albums
------

### Cartel de Santa

* Cartel de Santa (2002)
* Vol.II (2004)
* Volumen Prohibido (2006)
* Vol.IV (2008)
* Sincopa (2010)
* Me Atizo Macizo tour 2012 en vivo desde el D.F.

### Solo

* Directo Hasta Arriba (2014)
* Mala Fama, Buena Vidha (2018)
Memorial to Nelson at Collector
Inscription on memorial to Nelson
**John Dunn** (14 December 1846 – 19 March 1866) was an Australian bushranger. He was only 17 years old when he joined up with Ben Hall and John Gilbert and became a member of their gang.

Early life
----------

He was born at Murrumburrah near Yass, New South Wales. His parents were Michael Dunn and Margaret Kelly. Dunn was only a small youth and worked as a jockey. He had robbed a Chinese gold miner and been in trouble with the police.

Ben Hall's gang
---------------

Dunn was a member of the gang when they tried to rob the mail coach near Jugiong on 16 November 1864. Gilbert shot Sergeant Parry to death during the robbery. The government already had offered reward money for the capture of the Gilbert and Hall; they now offered £500 for John Dunn.

The bushrangers spent Christmas, 1864, with Dunn's parents at Murrumburrah. After visiting Dunn's grandfather, John Kelly, near Binalong they rode to Binda on Boxing Day, 26 December. Gilbert and Dunn spent the night dancing at the Flag Hotel. Hall stood at the door and stopped people from going to get the police.

On 26 January 1865, Hall, Gilbert and Dunn were at Collector, south of Goulburn. While Hall and Gilbert were robbing the hotel, John Dunn stayed outside to watch for the police. Most of the police were out in the bush searching for the bushrangers. Policeman, Constable Samuel Nelson, was told the bushrangers were at the hotel. He told his wife he would "have to do his best". As he walked up to the hotel Dunn fired two shots into his face. Nelson was the father of nine children. One of the children saw the shooting. The bushrangers stole Nelson's gun, and his personal belongings and then left the town. During the next three months, the gang continued to rob from farmhouses and mail coaches.

Outlaw
------

In May 1865, Hall, Gilbert, and Dunn were made "outlaws"; they could be killed by anyone at anytime. Hall was found by the police in the bush near Forbes, New South Wales and shot dead. A week later, Gilbert was shot by the police at the home of John Kelly, Dunn's grandfather, near Binalong, on 13 May. Dunn was able to escape, although he was also shot. Dunn's Grandfather had told the police where the bushrangers were so that he could get the reward money.

Dunn went into hiding near Quambone Station (a farm) but another friend told the police where he was living. Dunn was badly hurt when the police went to capture him on 26 December 1865. Even though he was hurt, he climbed out of the police station window but was soon caught again. He was taken to Sydney to be tried in court. On 19 January 1866, he was found guilty of killing Nelson and sentenced to death. He was hanged on 19 March 1865 at the Darlinghurst Gaol. He was only 19 years old. He is buried in the old Devonshire Street cemetery in Sydney.

Other websites
--------------

* "John Dunn". *Australian bushrangers*. Ned Kelly's World: Glen Rowen Cobb & Co Pty Ltd. 2002. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 5 June 2006.
**Wi-Fi** is a way of connecting to a computer network using radio waves instead of wires. It was invented to connect computers that are near each other, and nowadays is much used for Internet connections. 

The Wi-Fi Alliance says Wi-Fi is any "wireless local area network" (WLAN) that follows the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11 specification. A Wi-Fi device can work with any Wi-Fi network anywhere in the world. 

The word *Wi-Fi* is a play on words with hi-fi, and was invented to replace the name "IEEE 802.11b Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum".

As of 2013, most wireless networks use one of two radio frequency bands. These are not the only two bands, but are the most used. One of the bands is at around 2.4 GHz, and the other is at 5 GHz. Both of these have benefits and drawbacks: The 2.4 GHz band is widely used, and devices are usually cheaper. Microwave ovens, DECT telephones and other wireless devices also use the 2.4 GHz band, and sometimes cause interference which slows transmissions. The 5 GHz band has more frequencies and usually less interference, but there are more rules for using it. In some places, the 5 GHz band may not be used outdoors. Because fewer devices use the 5 GHz band, devices that do are often more expensive.

The World Health Organization (WHO) says that Wi-Fi is not dangerous.

Related pages
-------------

* Hotspot (computers)

Other websites
--------------

* Wi-Fi Alliance
* Free WiFi - A list of free Wi-Fi around the world
**Passbook** is an application in iOS that lets users keep coupons, boarding passes, event tickets, store cards, 'generic' cards, and other forms of mobile payment. It was made by Apple and announced at the 2012 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference on June 11, 2012. The application was released with iOS 6 on September 19, 2012.

Features
--------

The Passbook application shows the following kinds of 2D barcodes: Aztec, PDF417, and QR. Each digital coupon or ticket is called a "pass". When the user starts Passbook for the first time, a short introduction screen will appear with a button inviting users to find applications on the App Store that integrate Passbook. Passes can also be distributed with the internet via Safari or sent to another user using e-mail.

Passes are synced between iOS devices using iCloud. OS X 10.8.2 and newer also support opening passes to be sent to users' iOS devices.
The application is available in iOS 6 or later. It is currently only available on iPhone and iPod Touch, but not on iPad.

Passbook has the following features

* Shows 2D barcodes of following types: Aztec, PDF417, and QR.
* Started by location.
* Started by time of pass.
* Localization of the pass. Up to 35 languages can be stored in each Pass.
* Pass changes can be pushed via the Apple Push Notification Service by the provider of the pass, or manually updated by the user themselves.

Passbook is only officially provided by Apple for iOS. Several third-party developers have created unsupported applications for other operating systems, such as PassWallet for Android, that support importing and viewing Passbook passes.
**Kyneton** is a town in central Victoria, Australia. In 2006 there were 5,905 people living in Kyneton. It is on the Calder Highway, but the Calder Freeway now goes around the town to the north and east. Kyneton was named after the English village of Kineton, Warwickshire. Piper Street is the oldest street and still has many of its old buildings.

The town is the centre for the local government area, the Shire of Macedon Ranges.

Kyneton is famous for its springs, the Campaspe River, public gardens and old houses, many built from stone. Kyneton has several events during the year including the ANZAC Day parade, the Kyneton Jazz Festival, Kyneton Daffodil Festival, Kyneton Agricultural show and the Kyneton Cup (horse racing). The famous bushranger, Ned Kelly, was put on trial in the Kyneton Courthouse in 1870 for robbery. This courthouse is still in use.

History
-------

The first European to explore the Kyneton area was Major Thomas Mitchell who crossed and named the Campaspe River in 1836. The first settlers came to Kyneton later that year.

Kyneton is different from other towns in the area as it was settled in 1850, a year before the gold rushes started. It was a farming area which became an important stop for those people going to the gold rushes at Mount Alexander and Bendigo. The post office opened on 1 July 1843, as Mount Macedon, but was renamed Kyneton on 1 January 1854.

Media
-----

Kyneton has its own newspaper, the *Midland Express*, which also serves Castlemaine.

Child in Kyneton Gardens

Education
---------

There are two primary schools, Kyneton Primary School and Our Lady of the Rosary. There are two secondary schools, Kyneton Secondary College and Sacred Heart College. There is also the Kyneton campus of the Bendigo Regional Institute of TAFE (BRIT), and the Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE (NMIT), NMIT Kyneton Park Training Centre at the Kyneton Racecourse.

Sport
-----

The town has a football team which plays in the Bendigo Football League.

Kyneton has a horse racing club, the Kyneton District Racing Club, which holds about 16 race meetings a year. The Kyneton Cup meeting is in November, the day after the Melbourne Cup. In 2009 the Kyneton District Racing Club joined with the Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE to use the racecourse for educational training.

The Kyneton Golf Club is on Black Hill Road.

Kyneton has a soccer team, "The Rangers", which plays in the Bendigo Amateur Soccer League "BASL"

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Kyneton***.

* Macedon Ranges Shire Council[*permanent dead link*]
* Kyneton District Business and Tourism Association
* Kyneton Online Archived 2008-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
* Kyneton Historical Society Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
**Alice Waters** (born April 28, 1944) is an American chef.

Accomplishments
---------------

Alice Waters later founded the edible food project. Not only did she receive a national humanity reward in 1997, but she also helped over 5,000 schools. Many people appreciate Alice’s hard work and determination to build a more organic and healthy environment in the food industry.

Journey
-------

Alice Waters was always inspired by her father. he influenced her throughout her entire career and to this day she remembers how her father had a huge impact on her life. Not only was she inspired by her father, but she also attended U.C Berkley which was the school that her father attended when he was her age. Although she was supported by her family during her career and that later helped her dreams come true. One day she realized that her gender had a couple of bonuses to it. She could use her gender to get what she wanted. One instance is when she asked her meat guy if he could give her a little bit of help, he then realized that he would have to help this damsel in distress.
The **Maine Coon** is the biggest cat breed used as a pet. It has a unique look and good hunting skills. It is one of the oldest natural breeds in North America. It is native to the state of Maine, where it is the official state cat.

Nobody knows for sure how the Maine Coon got to the United States, so there are many different ideas. The breed was popular in cat shows in the late 19th century. It almost became extinct in the early 20th century because of long-haired breeds being more popular. The Maine Coon became more popular in the 1970s. It is now one of the most popular cat breeds in the USA.[*source?*]

The Maine Coon is a large and friendly cat. This is how it got its nickname, "the gentle giant". It is known for having a big ruff along its chest, robust bone structure, rectangular body shape, an uneven two layered coat, and a long, bushy tail. The breed can be many different colors. If a Maine Coon is chocolate or lilac colored, it could be a crossbreed. People often say the Maine Coon is similar to dogs. Because the cat is so big, professionals have seen certain health problems that Maine Coons get. Some of these are feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hip dysplasia. Many breeders do things to make these problems happen less.
The Ligurian Sea.
The **Ligurian Sea** is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea. It is between the Italian Riviera (Liguria and Tuscany) and the island of Corsica. The sea is probably named after the ancient Ligures people.

Geography
---------

The sea borders the countries Italy, France, and Monaco. In the east the sea borders the Tyrrhenian Sea, while in the west it borders the Mediterranean Sea proper. Genoa is the most prominent city in the area. 

The Gulf of Genoa is its northernmost part. The sea receives the Arno River from the east. The ports of Genoa, La Spezia, and Livorno are on its rocky coast. It reaches a maximum depth of more than 9,300 feet (2,850 m) northwest of Corsica.

Conservation
------------

In order to provide protection for the many cetacean (whales and dolphins; porpoises are not found in this part of the Mediterranean Sea) species in the Ligurian Sea the bordering countries made the sea a SPAMI in 1999. The International Ligurian Sea Cetacean Sanctuary now covers 84,000 km². This covers territorial waters as well as high sea.

Other websites
--------------

 Media related to Ligurian Sea at Wikimedia Commons

Coordinates: 43°30′N 9°00′E﻿ / ﻿43.500°N 9.000°E﻿ / 43.500; 9.000
***Dwarf Fortress*** (also known as ***Slaves to Armok: God of Blood Chapter II: Dwarf Fortress***) is an indie game created by Tarn and Zach Adams. It has three modes, each providing a different experience but all sharing a fantasy setting. It is currently in Alpha, and has been in development since 2002. The game has simple text-based graphics inspired by classic roguelikes. There is no way to win, but various ways of losing an in-game fortress or adventurer. A popular meme within the game's fanbase is "Losing is fun!"

Gameplay
--------

A map of a world after it is created. Dwarf Fortress uses text-based graphics.
Before the game can be played, a world must be made. The player can choose the size, number of groups, and various other bits of the world. After this, they are shown a world made to their liking and can use it or ask for another.

In "Fortress Mode", the player manages a fortress of dwarves. Among other things, the player is able to construct buildings, build an army, and break holes. Their dwarves must be fed, entertained, and protected from hazards to survive. Hazards include flooding, sieges, magma, and a variety of hostile creatures.

In "Adventure Mode", the player explores the world as their own character. Through exploration, they can gather information on characters and places across the map. Quests can be discovered by listening to friendly NPCs. Most quests focus around killing villains or monsters, and reward fame. Some friendly NPCs can be made into companions, who will aid the player in their travels. The player character has the same needs as the dwarves, including hydration and rest. This mode features a deeper combat system where body parts can be targeted.

In "Legends Mode", the player can read the generated history of their world. Historical figures, artifacts, and battles are described. A historical map of the world is included.

History
-------

In their youth, the Adams brothers were avid fans of sci-fi and fantasy games. They became curious about computer game development and Tarn worked to learn programming. The two programmed various computer games including *Slaves to Armok: God of Blood*, a role-playing game focused around killing goblins. Using much of the system created for *Armok* and inspiration from their mining game *Mutant Miner*, they began work on *Dwarf Fortress* in 2002. The game has been in development since 2006, with frequent updates on progress and planned features. The game is free to download and its development is funded through PayPal donations.
The Kalash or Kalasha, are an ethnic group found in the Hindu Kush mountain range in the Chitral district of the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. The total population of Kalash religious people ranges from 40,000 to 50,000. The culture of Kalash people is unique and differs drastically from the various ethnic groups surrounding them. They are polytheists and nature plays a highly significant and spiritual role in their daily life. As part of their religious tradition, sacrifices are offered and festivals held to give thanks for the abundant resources of their three valleys. Kalash mythology and folklore has been compared to that of ancient Greece, but they are much closer to Indo-Iranian (Vedic and pre-Zoroastrian) traditions.

The Kalasha observe many festivals in a year, their major festivals are:

* **Joshi**, celebrated in May to welcome the spring
* **Uchaw**, observed in late August to ensure good crops of wheat
* **Pul/Poh**, observed September, only in the Birir Valley
* **Chaumos**, observed in December for more than two weeks, it is the grand festival of the Kalasha tribe and it is celebrated to welcome New Year
**Góra** is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. The town is approximately 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław. The population was 12,574 in 2006.

History
-------

Parish Church
The settlement was first named *Góra* in an 1155 deed by Pope Adrian IV. It gave the property to a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church. The name of the town means "hill" or "mountain" in the Old Polish language. Beginning in the 14th century, the town became a centre of cloth manufacturing.

Góra became part of the Kingdom of Prussia during a war in 1742. In World War II it was occupied by the Red Army in 1945. In the Potsdam Agreement, the town fell to the Republic of Poland, and the remaining German population was thrown out. The town became a county seat again in 1946.

Twin towns
----------

* Germany Herzberg am Harz, Germany (since 1993)
* Netherlands Maasdonk, Netherlands
* Lithuania Trakai, Lithuania

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Góra***.

* Official website
* Jewish Community in Góra Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine on Virtual Shtetl
* Góra Pictures gallery Archived 2016-02-17 at the Wayback Machine
**Teimour Radjabov**, born 12 March 1987 in Baku, Azerbaijan, is the leading Azerbaijani chess player. 

Radjabov earned the title of Grandmaster in March 2001 at the age of 14, making him the second-youngest grandmaster in history at that time (to Bu Xiangzhi). Radjabov's playing style has been described as attacking and tactically influenced.

Radjabov came second in the FIDE Grand Prix 2008–2010, qualifying him for the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship of 2012.

Radjabov is the youngest player ever to make the FIDE Top 100 Players list. His rating of 2599 in January 2002 ranked 93rd in the world while he was still 14 years old.

In 2003, Radjabov defeated Garry Kasparov, Viswanathan Anand, and Ruslan Ponomariov with the black pieces. He is probably the first player ever to beat three former and reigning FIDE World Chess Champions with the black pieces in one year.

Radjabov reached the semi-finals (earning a bronze medal) at the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004.

Position after 21.Be2. Radjabov (Black) surprises Kasparov by sacrificing a knight for the initiative.

Position from Kasparov – Rajabov
--------------------------------

In this key position play went:

**21... Ngxe5!?**
**22. Qe3 Nd7** 
**23. Qxe6 Bh4** 
**24. Qg4 g5** 
**25. Bd2 Rde8** and Black eventually won.
If Kasparov had taken the knight play would have gone:

**22. Bxe5 Nxe5**
**23. dxe5 d4!**
and Black comes through the centre.
***The Daily Pennsylvanian*** (The DP) is the independent daily student newspaper of the University of Pennsylvania.

History
-------

Founded in 1885, the newspaper has been published daily since 1894, except for a hiatus from May 1943 to November 1945 on account of World War II. The *DP* broke away from the university in 1962 to become an independent publication. It incorporated in 1984 to solidify its financial and editorial independence from the university. Today the newspaper's budget is funded primarily through the sale of advertising by a student business staff.

Awards
------

The *Daily Pennsylvanian* has won many of the most prestigious awards in college journalism. In 2008, the newspaper was awarded the Society of Professional Journalist's National Mark of Excellence Award. In the same year, the paper won the Spring 2008 Columbia Gold Crown, awarded to only eight college newspapers nationwide, an award it has won many times before. It also received first place in the Associated Collegiate Press's Kansas City Convention Best of Show Competition in 2008. In 2004, the DP won the Pacemaker, awarded by the Associated Collegiate Press and the Newspaper Association of America Foundation, for a record-setting fourth consecutive year. It also won the award in 1990, 1997, and 1998, and most recently in 2007. Several of its writers win Gold Circles from the Columbia Scholastic Press Association every year. It was also ranked as the "most read" college newspaper by The Princeton Review in 1990, 1997, 1998, and 2001. In 2006, College Publisher awarded the DP first place in the category of Best Online Sports Coverage and, in 2008, it was awarded an online Gold Crown for dailypennsylvanian.com.

Other websites
--------------

* Home Page of *The Daily Pennsylvanian*
* Home Page of *34th Street Magazine* (affiliate of *The Daily Pennsylvanian*)
* College Papers Grow Up (*Newsweek* article)
* Photography Department Blog (maintained by current and past Photo Editors) Archived 2007-03-08 at Archive.today
Old growth European Beech forest in Biogradska Gora National Park, Montenegro
Forrester Island Wilderness in the U.S. State of Alaska
One aspect of the Yellowstone National Park.
Sheepeater Cliff, Yellowstone: a columnar basalt cliff formed by rapidly cooling lava.
**Wilderness** or **wildland** is a natural environment on Earth which has not been much disturbed by humans.

"The most intact, undisturbed wild natural areas left on our planet—those last truly wild places that humans do not control and have not developed with roads, pipelines or other industrial infrastructure".
Wilderness areas can be found in reserves, estates, farms, conservation areas, ranches, National Forests, National Parks and even in urban areas along rivers, gulches or any undeveloped areas. These areas are important for the survival of species, biodiversity, ecology, conservation, solitude, and recreation. 

Wilderness is deeply valued for cultural, spiritual, moral, and aesthetic reasons. Some nature writers believe wilderness areas are vital for the human spirit and creativity.

They may also preserve historic genetic traits and that they provide habitat for wild flora and fauna that may be difficult to recreate in zoos, gardens or laboratories.

From this point of view, it is the wildness of a place that makes it a wilderness. The mere presence or activity of people does not disqualify an area from being "wilderness". Many ecosystems that are, or have been, inhabited or influenced by activities of people may still be considered "wild." This way of looking at wilderness includes areas within which natural processes operate without human interference.

The WILD Foundation states that wilderness areas have two dimensions: they must be biologically intact and legally protected. The World Conservation Union (IUCN) classifies wilderness at two levels, Ia (Strict Nature Preserves) and Ib (Wilderness areas). 

Probably no place on earth is completely untouched by humanity, either due to past occupation by indigenous people, or through global processes such as climate change. Activities on the margins of specific wilderness areas, such as fire suppression and the interruption of animal migration, also affect the wilderness.

Especially in richer , industrialized nations, it has a specific legal meaning as well: as land where development is prohibited by law. Many nations have designated wilderness, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States. 

Many new parks are currently being planned and legally passed by various Parliaments and Legislatures at the urging of dedicated individuals around the globe who believe that "in the end, dedicated, inspired people empowered by effective legislation will ensure that the spirit and services of wilderness will thrive and permeate our society, preserving a world that we are proud to hand over to those who come after us".
**John Alec Entwistle** (9 October 1944 – 27 June 2002) was an English musician who was best known as the bassist for the rock band The Who. His bass playing style influenced many other bass players who came after him. Entwistle is regarded by many as the greatest bassist in the history of rock music.

Entwistle played his bass guitar as a lead instrument, employing a "full treble, full volume" sound, as well as often using pentatonic lines and a typewriter finger approach. He recorded the first bass solo in the history of popular music on The Who's song "My Generation". Other notable examples of Entwistle's playing are "Boris the Spider" and "The Real Me". As he developed his sound and refined his skill, Entwistle's bass sounded like a VOX Amplifier. At the time of his death he had a collection of over 400 instruments that reflected the different brands he used over his career: Fender, Rickenbacker, Alembic, Warwick were the brands he used most. He owned many of the most expensive bass guitars in the history of the world.

Entwistle played bass for The Who and as a solo performer from 1964 until 2002. His bass guitar sound was the main reason The Who gave the loudest concert on record at the time.

Entwistle died in a hotel room at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada on 27 June 2002. The Las Vegas coroner said that he died of a heart attack caused by cocaine.

In 1990, Entwistle was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Who.
**Talokar** is the name of a village in the Haripur District of Hazara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly North-West Frontier Province) in Pakistan. It is situated at Latitude 33.9852778 degrees; and Longitude 72.9419444 degrees. It is quite closely situated to Haripur town (approx 2 km) the local area headquarters. 

On track near Talokar village

History
-------

It was originally founded during the 12th or 13th century AD by the Talokar khoker Awan tribe. Since then, it has remained the principal seat of a *Jagir* estate during the British Raj, of a famous aristocratic family which also produced Khan Sahib Abdul Majid Khan Tarin, OBE, Jemadar Abdul Latif Khan Tarin IDSM, and others.

Population and economy
----------------------

The approximate population of the main Talokar village at the time of the last major national census was about 4800-5000. and it is primarily an agrarian area. It is well known for its fine vegetables, wheat and maize crops and orchards of loquats, oranges and other fruits. Although the majority of the residents are engaged in farming activities, a fairly large number are also in government and military service and some few working in local industries or working abroad as immigrant labour.

Ethnic groups
-------------

The main tribes and ethnic groups include Gurjars, Maliars, Pathans, Syeds, Awans and some others. The principal families and landowners are still mostly Tarin/Tareen Pathans (Pashtuns)[*source?*]. In terms of religious practices, the population is overwhelmingly Muslim, mostly of the Sunni Islamic persuasion. The main language spoken here are Hindko, Northern Punjabi language (Chhachi dialect) and some Pashto.

Education
---------

The general level of literacy/education is quite high by Pakistani standards, with schooling for both boys and girls available until high school level and an average literacy rate of 74%. For further education, most students go to colleges in Haripur town or nearby Abbottabad and some even as far as Peshawar, Islamabad and Rawalpindi.

Popular pastimes
----------------

Among popular pastimes here are sports such as Cricket, Football (soccer), Field hockey and Volleyball. Many people also engage in hunting, horse riding and the traditional martial art of Gatka.
**Bhimber** (Urdu: ضلع بھمبر) is the southernmost of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, the district is between Latitude: 32-48 to 33-34 and Longitude: 73.55 to 74-45, and has an area of 1516 km². The chief town is Bhimber.

History
-------

The area is very rich in archaeological remains because of its location. The Mughal Emperors used to travel through the area quite a lot to visit the Kashmir Valley.

Until 1995 Bhimber was a sub-division (tehsil) of Mirpur District. In 1996 the tehsil of Bhimber was removed from Mirpur and made into a separate district.

Location
--------

The district is bounded by Mirpur District to the northwest (and is 50 km from Mirpur city), and Punjab province in the west and south. It also shares borders with Indian Kashmir to the east.

Administration
--------------

The total area of the district is 1516 square kilometres and is divided into three tehsils.

* Barnala Tehsil
* Bhimber Tehsil
* Samahni Tehsil

People
------

According to the 1998 census, 297,000 people lived there. According to a 1999 estimate, it was 303,000. Latest figures show that 350,000 people live there. The Jaats are the biggest tribe in the region. The main language is Mirpuri.

| * v
* t
* e
Districts of Azad Kashmir |
| --- |
| Provincial capital: Muzaffarabad |
| Muzaffarabad | 
* Jhelum Valley
* Muzaffarabad
* Neelam Valley

 |  |
| Poonch | 
* Bagh
* Haveli
* Poonch
* Sudhanoti

 |
| Mirpur | 
* Bhimber
* Kotli
* Mirpur

 |
For the bird, see Greenfinch.
Chloris (Nymph)
**Chloris** ("Khloris" or Χλωρίς, from "Khloros" or χλωρός, meaning "greenish-yellow," "pale green," "pale," or "fresh") refers to several figures in Greek mythology. Some stories refer to different characters. Others refer to the same Chloris, but have different details.

Chloris (Nymph)
---------------

Chloris was a Nymph. She represented spring, flowers and new growth. Her Roman equivalent was the goddess Flora. She was kidnapped by and later married Zephyr.

Chloris (Meliboea)
------------------

Meliboea was one of Niobe and Amphion's fourteen children, and the only one not killed when Artemis and Apollo killed the children as revenge. Meliboea was so scared by this that she turned permanently pale. She changed her name to Chloris ("pale one").

She later married Neleus and became queen in Pylos.

Chloris (Mother of Mopsus)
--------------------------

Chloris married the seer Ampyx (son of Elatus). She had a child called Mopsus, who also became a famous seer and later joined the Argonauts.

Related pages
-------------

 Media related to Chloris at Wikimedia Commons
**Momodou Lamin Jallow** (born 26 May 1996), better known by his stage name **J Hus**, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter and model of Gambian and Ghanaian descent from Stratford, London.

Jallow was born in London and grew up in the Stratford district of the city. He eventually moved to Peterborough in Cambridgeshire. He is of Gambian descent and was raised by his mother, who emigrated to England when she was 25 years old. He was raised as a Muslim and is of ethnic Fula heritage. In June 2018, he was arrested in Stratford and charged with carrying a knife in public. Hours after he was released from prison in April 2019, he made a surprise appearance on stage at Canadian rapper Drake's concert in London.

Music
-----

His song, *"Did You See"*, became his most successful single, peaking at number nine on the UK Singles Chart and eventually being certified Platinum. In 2017, he released his debut album, *"Common Sense"*, which was named the best UK album of 2017 by Complex.

In January 2020, J Hus released his second album, *"Big Conspiracy"*, which featured appearances by Jamaican singer Koffee, Nigerian singer Burna Boy and English singer Ella Mai. The album became his first number-one on the UK Albums Chart.
In the C programming language, **dynamic memory allocation** refers to allocating memory during a program's run time. Dynamically allocated memory is obtained from a storage pool called a heap. A group of functions in the C standard library are typically used for dynamic memory allocation.

Overview of functions
---------------------

C dynamic memory allocation functions are defined in *stdlib.h* header.

| Function | Description |
| --- | --- |
| *malloc* | allocates the specified number of bytes |
| *realloc* | increases or decreases the size of the specified block of memory, moving it if necessary |
| *calloc* | allocates the specified number of bytes and initializes them to zero |
| *free* | releases the specified block of memory back to the system |

### Differences between malloc and calloc

* *malloc* takes a single argument (the amount of memory to allocate in bytes), while *calloc* needs two arguments (the number of variables to allocate in memory, and the size in bytes of a single variable).
* *malloc* does not initialize the memory allocated, while *calloc* guarantees that all bytes of the allocated memory block have been initialized to 0.

### Bugs and security implications

The C language does not by default check that the calls to these functions, or the accesses to the arrays they create, are used correctly. If the program does something invalid, such as accessing memory beyond what has been allocated, or using memory that has been freed, this can cause the program to crash or to behave in some other undesirable way. In some cases, improper use of these functions can create security vulnerabilities that allow hackers to read or modify sensitive data or run malicious code.

Example code
------------

```
int \*array = malloc(10 \* sizeof(int));
free(array);

```
**Panglao** is a small island in the north Bohol Sea, in the Central Visayas Region of the Visayas island group, in the south-central Philippines.

The island is an important touristic place because of the beaches found here and the presence of coral reefs near the island.

Geography
---------

The island of Panglao has an area of 91.12 km2 (35.18 sq mi). The island had a population, as of 2010, of 68,051, for a population density of 746.8 inhabitants/km2.

The island is in the northern part of the Bohol Sea (or *Mindanao Sea*), to the southwest of the island of Bohol and to the east of the island of Cebu. Panglao is separated from the Bohol island by a narrow strait, the Tagbilaran Strait, and two bridges connect the island with the city of Tagbilaran.

There are several smaller islands close to Panglao, such as Gak-ang, Pontod, and Balicasag.

Panglao has a terrain that range from plain, hilly to mountainous, composed by a limestone that is soluble and that causes the formation of caves and sinkholes. One interesting geological feature of the island is the *Hinagdanan Cave* which has an underground water source; because there no rivers or lakes in the island, the cave is an important water source.

Biodiversity
------------

During the works of the Panglao Marine Biodiversity Project, about 250 new species of crustaceans and 1,500-2,500 new species of mollusks were found in the waters of Panglao and Balicasag. The project found that Panglao alone has more marine biodiversity than Japan and the Mediterranean sea.

Because of this biodiversity, the island was proposed in 2006 as a World Heritage Site by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources of the Philippines.

Administrative divisions
------------------------

The island of Panglao is within the Bohol province, and is divided into 2 municipalties and 22 barangays (like neighbourhoods).


| Municipality | Area(km²)  | Population(2010) | Pop. density(per km²) | Barangays |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Dauis |  43.33  | 39,448 | 910 | 12 |
| Panglao | 47.79 | 28,603 | 599 | 10 |
| TOTAL | 91.12 | 68,051 | 747 | 22 |

Related pages
-------------

* Central Visayas
* Bohol island
* Bohol province

Other websites
--------------

* Panglao - Tourism informations
* Dauis - Tourism informations
* Panglao Island Diving
**DZ Bank AG** is the second largest bank in Germany by asset size and the central institution for around 800 cooperative banks and their around 8,500 branch offices. Within the Volksbanken Raiffeisenbanken Cooperative financial network, which is one of Germany's largest private sector financial service organizations, DZ Bank functions both as a central institution and as a corporate and investment bank.

Name
----

DZ Bank is an acronym for **Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank** (literally "German Central Cooperative Bank").

Business
--------

As a holding, the DZ Bank Group defines itself primarily as a service provider for local cooperative banks and their 30 million or so clients. The DZ Bank Group includes: DVB Bank, a transportation finance bank; Bausparkasse Schwäbisch Hall, a building society; DZ HYP, a provider of commercial real estate finance; DZ Privatbank Gruppe; R+V Versicherung, an insurance company; TeamBank, a provider of consumer finance; Union Investment Group, an asset management company; VR Leasing; and various other specialized institutions. 

DZ Bank, headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, is a member of CIBP, EACB, the Euro Banking Association, and Unico. It maintains branches, subsidiaries and representative offices in key financial centers and economic regions worldwide. The DZ Bank building in Berlin, located at Pariser Platz 3, was designed by architect Frank Gehry. 

DZ Bank also has one of the most significant collections of contemporary artistic photography which today comprises over 6,000 works by more than 550 artists.

In 2016 DZ Bank was merged with WGZ Bank, the central institute of the cooperative banks of both the Rheinland (Rhineland) and Westfalen (Westphalia).
Town hall in Częstochowa
Flag
coat of arms
**Częstochowa** is a city in south Poland on the Warta River. It has 248,894 residents. It has been in the Silesian Voivodeship (administrative division) since 1999, and was once the capital of Częstochowa Voivodship (1975-1998).

The town is known for the famous monastery of Jasna Góra Monastery, which is the home of the Black Madonna painting, a shrine of the Virgin Mary. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to Częstochowa to see it.

City name
---------

The name **Częstochowa** means Częstoch's place, and comes from the name of a person, Częstoch. It is mentioned in medieval documents also as Częstobor and Częstomir. Częstochowa is also known as Czestochowa, Czenstochov, and Chenstochov.

Tourism
-------

Currently, the city is one of the main tourist attractions in the area. It attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year.
The Black Madonna of Częstochowa, kept at the Jasna Góra Monastery, is a very popular attraction.