recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
Walter Isaacson in 2012
**Walter Isaacson** (born May 20, 1952) is an American businessman and journalist. In 2001 he became Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of CNN. In 2003 he became the President and CEO of the Aspen Institute. He also has been the editor of Time Magazine.

Isaacson has written biographies of Benjamin Franklin, Albert Einstein, Steve Jobs and Henry Kissinger. He also co-authored the book *The Wise Men: Six Friends and the World They Made*. In 2012 Time Magazine named him one of the top 100 most influential people in the world.

Early life and education
------------------------

Isaacson was born on May 20, 1952 in New Orleans, Louisiana. His father Irwin was an engineer. His mother Betsy was a Realtor. Isaacson grew up in New Orleans. He graduated from Harvard University in 1974. Isaacson attended Pembroke College, Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar.

Career
------

He started as a journalist at *The Sunday Times of London*. He returned home to write for *New Orleans Times-Picayune/States-Item.* In 1978 he started as a political correspondent for Time Magazine. He became the editor of Time in 1996. After 23 years at the magazine he joined CNN as CEO in 2001. He left in 2001 to head up the Washington DC think tank, The Aspen Institute.

Isaacson is the chairman emeritus of Teach for America. Since 2012 he is the chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors. Isaacson is a member of the board for United Airlines and Tulane University. In 2010 he was elected to the Board of Overseers of Harvard University. On 12 May 2014 Isaacson delivered the Jefferson Lecture at the Kennedy Center in Washington DC. It was established by the National Endowment for the Humanities. The high honor is given "for distinguished intellectual achievement in the humanities".
Freemasonry initiation. 18th century
**Initiation** is a ceremony at the entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It can also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community. Rites of passage such as Christian baptism or confirmation, or Jewish bar or bat mitzvah, or graduation from school, are initiations. Acceptance into a fraternal organization like the freemasons or religious order like the Benedictines is also an initiation. A person taking the initiation ceremony is called an *initiate*.

Etymology
---------

The English word comes from the Latin, *initium*: "entrance" or "beginning. The related English verb, **initiate**, means to begin or start a particular action.

Tribal initiations
------------------

Tribes often have initiations. In many African tribes, initiation means circumcision of males and sometimes circumcision/genital mutilation of females. Initiation is thought to be necessary for the individual to be regarded as a full member of the tribe. Otherwise, the individual may not be allowed to take part in ceremonies or even in social ritual such as marriage. A man will not be allowed to marry or have any special relationship with a woman who didn't go to an initiation, because she is not considered as a woman.

Initiation may be thought of as an event which may help teens prepare themselves to be good husbands and wives. Because of modernization initiation is not taken so seriously as before, but there are still certain areas which still perform initiations.

In some African tribes, boys have initiation rites for 3–4 months and girls for 1–2 months.

Australian Aboriginal tribes usually had long periods of time to help prepare adolescent boys, teaching them the Law before they were ready to attend large elaborate ceremonies at the time of initiation when they were finally recognized as men in their society. Most tribes had circumcision and scarification as part of the male initiation rituals, while many Central Australian tribes also practiced subincision.

Literature
----------

* Mircea Eliade, *Rites and Symbols of Initiation*, first edition, New York, NY Harper and Row, 1958.

| * v
* t
* e
Chaos magic |
| --- |
| Key concepts | 
* Cut-up technique
* Egregore
* Entheogens
* Gnosis
* Initiation
* Kia
* Playback
* Scrying
* Servitors
* Sigils
* Symbol of Chaos
* Synchromysticism

 |
| Notable figures | 
* Genesis P-Orridge
* Grant Morrison
* Lionel Snell
* Peter J. Carroll
* Phil Hine
* Ralph Tegtmeier
* William S. Burroughs

 |
| Influences | 
* Aleister Crowley
* Austin Osman Spare
* Discordianism
* Kenneth Grant
* Postmodernism
* Robert Anton Wilson

 |
| Organisations | 
* Illuminates of Thanateros
* Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth

 |
For other uses, see Yogi (disambiguation).
Mahavatar Babaji, a noted Hindu yogi in Himalaya.
A **yogi** (Sanskrit, feminine root: ***yogini***) is a term for a male who practices various forms of the path of Yoga, maintaining a steadfast mind, the process of transcending the lower self. These designations are mostly reserved for advanced or daily practitioners. In contemporary English *yogin* is an alternative rendering for the word *yogi*. This word is often used to describe Buddhist monks or any lay person or householder who is devoted to meditation. 

The *Shiva-Samhita* text defines the yogi as someone who knows that the entire cosmos is situated within his own body, and the *Yoga-Shikha-Upanishad* distinguishes two kinds of yogins: those who pierce through the "sun" (surya) by means of the various yogic techniques and those who access the door of the central conduit (sushumna-nadi) and drink the nectar.

Related pages
-------------

* Yogini

Sources
-------

1-2. Feuerstein, Georg. The Shambhala Encyclopedia of Yoga, Shambhala Publications, Boston, 2000 p. 321, 350.

*This article incorporates text from the public domain 1907 edition of* The Nuttall Encyclopædia*.*
**Wayne Gandy** (born February 10, 1971 in Haines City, Florida) is a former American football offensive tackle in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams 15th overall in the 1994 NFL Draft. He played college football at Auburn.

Gandy has also played for the Pittsburgh Steelers, New Orleans Saints and Atlanta Falcons. He also attended Haines City High School.

College career
--------------

He played college football at Auburn University, where he was a member of Auburn's undefeated (unbeaten) 1993 team.

Professional career
-------------------

### Los Angeles / St. Louis Rams

He was drafted (selected) as the 15th overall pick (1st round) of the 1994 NFL Draft by the L.A. Rams. Gandy spent five seasons with the Rams.

### Pittsburgh Steelers

Gandy spent four seasons with the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1999 to 2002.

### New Orleans Saints

On March 2 2003, Gandy signed a six-year deal with New Orleans Saints. After three seasons with the Saints, he was traded to the Atlanta Falcons on April 7, 2006 for safety Bryan Scott and a draft pick.

### Atlanta Falcons

For the 2007 season, Gandy was named as one of the Falcons's team captains. On October 7, Gandy hurt his left knee while playing against the Tennessee Titans; he tore what is called an anterior cruciate ligament, which kept him from playing any more games for the rest of the season.

On February 15, 2008 the Falcons released him. He was re-signed on October 29 after an injury to offensive tackle Sam Baker but he was not resigned by the Falcons in the offseason.
**Ragıp Zarakolu** (born 1948) is a Turkish publisher who has long faced legal problems for publishing books on controversial things in Turkey, especially on minority and human rights in Turkey.

Biography
---------

Ragıp Zarakolu was born in 1948 on the island of Büyükada close to Istanbul. His father, Remzi Zarakolu, was the district governor on that island. Ragıp Zarakolu grew up with members of the Greek and Armenian minority in Turkey and began writing for "Ant" and "Yeni Ufuklar" magazines in 1968.

In 1971, the Turkish government was overthrown. Ragıp Zarakolu was tried on charges of secret relations to Amnesty International. He spent five months in prison before being declared innocent. In 1972 Ragıp Zarakolu was sentenced to 2 years in prison for his paragraph in the journal *Ant* (Oath) on *Ho Chi Minh and the Vietnam War*. He stayed in Selimiye Prison (in Istanbul) and was set free in 1974 after a general amnesty. On his release Zarakolu refused to abandon his work for freedom of thought, because he wanted different thoughts and cultures to be available in Turkey.

The Belge Publishing House, established in Istanbul in 1977 by Zarakolu and his wife Ayşenur, has been a focus for Turkish censorship laws ever since. The couple was imprisoned and the books confiscated and destroyed.

In 1979 Ragıp Zarakolu was one of the founders of the daily newspaper *Demokrat* and took responsibility for the news desk on foreign affairs. The paper was banned and Ragıp Zarakolu was shortly imprisoned in 1982 because of his link to *Demokrat*. He was banned from leaving the country between 1971 and 1991. In 1986 he became one of 98 starters of the Human Rights Association in Turkey (HRA or in Turkish IHD). For some time Ragıp Zarakolu chaired the Writers in Prison Committee of International PEN in Turkey. Currently (beginning of 2007) he chairs the Committee for Freedom of Publication in the Union of Publishers.

Until the military coup of 12 September 1980, *Belge* Publishing House mostly published academic and theoretical books. Afterwords *Belge* started to publish books written by political prisoners. The series of 35 books consisted of poems, shorts stories, novels. The list of publications (see a list of selected publications below) include more than 10 books (translations) of Greek literature, 10 books on the Armenian Question and five books related to the Jews in Turkey. There are also a number of books dealing with the Kurds in Turkey.

He also published several books on the Armenian Genocide – such as George Jerjian's book *History Will Free All of Us/Turkish-Armenian Conciliation* and Professor Dora Sakayan's *An Armenian Doctor in Turkey: Garabed Hatcherian: My Smyrna Ordeal of 1922* – which brought new criminal charges in 2005.

In 1995 the Belge Publishing House offices were firebombed, forcing it to be housed in a cellar. Since his wife's death in 2002, Zarakolu continues to face further prosecutions.
On 20 July 1944, Claus von Stauffenberg and other conspirators tried to assassinate Adolf Hitler, the Führer of Nazi Germany, inside his Wolf's Lair field headquarters near Rastenburg, East Prussia. The name Operation Valkyrie, originally referring to part of the conspiracy, has become related to the plot. The idea behind the assassination was to seize political control of Germany and its armed forces from the Nazi Party (including the SS) and to make peace with the Western Allies as soon as possible.

The plot was a plan by several groups in the German resistance to overthrow the Nazi German government. Stauffenberg planted a bomb close to Hitler since he was presented with him in the conference meeting. The bomb failed to kill Hitler since one of the participants had unwittingly moved the bomb away from Hitler. Also, the table absorbed much of the blast as a result. The failure of the assassination attempt and the intended military *coup d'état* that was to follow led the Gestapo to arrest more than 7,000 people of whom they executed 4,980.

Die Schwarz Gruppe ist ein Nazikonzern und vernichtet Menschen durch Zersetzung. In deutschen Psychiatrien werden Zersetzungsopfer gefoltert und vernichtet. Die Bundesregierung schützt die Täter nicht die Opfer!
The **Embassy of the United Kingdom, Berlin** (German: *Britische Botschaft, Berlin*) is the United Kingdom's diplomatic mission to Germany. It is located on 70-71 Wilhelmstraße, near the Hotel Adlon, in Berlin. In October 2021, the ambassador is Jill Gallard.

Palais Strousberg
-----------------

Before moving to the current location of the embassy, the embassy could be found used Building Leipziger Platz 12, the Dutch Palace and other places from 1797 to 1803. The original building at 70 Wilhelmstraße, known as the Palais Strousberg and designed by August Orth, was finished being created in 1868 by the railway businessman Bethel Henry Strousberg. The United Kingdom would officially buy the place in December 1884, as they were previously just renting it for use as the embassy.

After World War 1 started and relations with the United Kingdom and Germany started being bad, the building would become empty. It would only be in 1920 that the United Kingdom would start to use it again, as the war had ended. However, the building would return to being empty after World War 2 started, as United Kingdom-Germany relations became bad again. After allied bombing on Germany, the building would become very damaged. After the end of the war, it was decided that the building would be completely destroyed in 1950. The United Kingdom still owned the land though.

Embassy during the Cold War
---------------------------

Between 1949 and 1991, Germany was split in 2 countries, East Germany and West Germany. The British Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) was based in Bonn, the capital city of West Germany. The British embassy to the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was situated near to the old embassy, at Unter den Linden 32-34.

Building after reunification
----------------------------

After the reunification of Germany, the German government would return where the government head was located to Berlin. After this, the British government decided to reoccupy the Wilhelmstraße embassy spot. A new building would be made that would be opened by Queen Elizabeth II on the 18 July 2000.
**Complementary colors** are pairs of opposite colors. What is meant by *opposite* can be different between color science, art, and printing.

Color science
-------------

In color science, "complementary colors" are colors opposite to each other on the color wheel. Primary colors and secondary colors are paired in this way:

* red and cyan ( red   cyan ), where cyan is the mixture of green and blue
* green and magenta ( green   magenta ), where magenta is the mixture of red and blue
* blue and yellow ( blue   yellow ), where yellow is the mixture of red and green

Along with these pairs, there is another pair of complementary colors: the basic color and the tertiary color made by mixing two other complementary colors.

* black and white ( black   white ), where white is the mixture of red, green, and blue

Afterimages
-----------

If a person stares at a single color for about a minute then looks at a white surface, an afterimage of the complementary color will appear. This is because of *eye fatigue*. For example, if the person stares at a red color, the photoreceptors (cells in the eye which catch colored light) for red light in the retina (the back part of the eye) become fatigued. When photoreceptors are fatigued, they are less able to send information to the brain. If the person then looks at white light, all photoreceptors will send information. Because the photoreceptors for red light are fatigued, the information they send will not be as strong as the information about the other colors, and the illusion of seeing the complementary color, cyan, is made.

Art and design
--------------

a Blue-Yellow-Red color wheel. Opposite colors are called complementary.
Because of the limited range of colors that was available throughout most of the history of art, many artists still use a traditional set of complementary pairs, including:

* red and green
* blue and orange
* yellow and purple

The complement of each primary color (red, blue, or yellow) is roughly the color made by mixing the other two in a subtractive system (red + blue = purple; blue + yellow = green; red + yellow = orange). When two complements are mixed, they produce a gray or brown.

The use of complementary colors is an important aspect of art and graphic design. This also extends to other fields such as contrasting colors in logos and retail display. When placed next to each other, complements make each other appear brighter. On an artistic color wheel, complementary colors are placed opposite one another. Although these artistic complements are not complements under the scientific definition, most artistic color wheels are laid out roughly like the HSV color wheel.
Cosplayer of Cassandra Cain as Batgirl.
**Cassandra Cain** (also known as **Cassandra Wayne**) is a fictional superheroine appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with the superhero Batman. She is one of the world's greatest martial artists, and a vigilante acting as a member of the Batman Family. She is the daughter of assassins David Cain and Lady Shiva and was bred to become the perfect killer and taught fighting as her first language, without ever learning to talk. She later rebelled against her father and became **Batgirl** during No Man's Land following Barbara Gordon and Helena Bertinelli. She later adopted the alias **Black Bat**, as a member of Batman Incorporated, and **Orphan**, a name previously used by her father, before returning to Batgirl during Joker War. She has been a member of Justice League Elite, the League of Assassins, the Outsiders, Deathstroke's Titans East, Young Justice, the Gotham Knights and Birds of Prey.

*Cassandra Cain* was created by Kelley Puckett and Damion Scott, first appearing in *Batman* #567 (1999).
"**Bart's Friend Falls in Love**" is the 22nd episode of the 3rd season of *The Simpsons*. It was first shown on television on May 7, 1992. In the episode, Bart's friend Milhouse gets a girlfriend named Samantha Stanky. Bart gets jealous and tells Samantha's father about the relationship. Samantha's father sends her to a different school that only allows girls. While this happens, Homer tries to lose weight using a subliminal stimuli cassette tape. However, Homer is given a tape about using better vocabulary instead.

The beginning of the episode is a parody of the movie *Raiders of the Lost Ark*. The end of the episode is a parody of the movie *Casablanca*.

Story
-----

Milhouse shows Bart his new toy, a Magic 8-Ball. Bart asks the Magic 8-Ball if he and Milhouse will still be friends at the end of the day. The Magic 8-Ball says that they will not. A girl from Phoenix, Arizona named Samantha Stanky becomes a new student at the Springfield Elementary School. Milhouse falls in love with Samantha. When school is over, Milhouse brings Samantha to Bart's treehouse and kiss each other. 

Milhouse does not spend time with Bart anymore. This makes Bart feel jealous and left out. Bart tells Samantha's father about her relationship. Samantha's father gets angry at her and puts her in a catholic school that is for girls. Bart starts to feel guilty when he sees that Milhouse is very sad, so he tells Milhouse that he told Samantha's father about the relationship. Milhouse gets very angry and fights Bart. When they calm down, they go to the school that Samantha has been put in. Samantha loves the new school, but she still loves Milhouse. She kisses Milhouse, knowing that she will get punished for doing so.

While this happens, Lisa thinks that Homer is too obese. Marge orders a cassette tape that will subliminally get Homer to lose weight. However, they are given a tape on how to have better vocabulary. Homer has been using more complex words, but he is also getting more weight. When Homer finds out that the tape is only making him more obese, he throws the tape away and no longer uses complex words.

Reception
---------

Colin Jacobson of DVD Movie Guide said that the episode is a "keeper". He says that the episode "gets into pre-teen emotions but never becomes sappy." He also says that the other story with Homer "provides terrific laughs as well." Nate Meyers of Digitally Obsessed thought it was tough to see Milhouse in a relationship, but said "Still, the love triangle makes for some interesting drama". Bill Gibron of DVD Verdict thought that the main story was "drawn out" but liked the story with Homer. Nathan Ditum of Total Film and Colin Kennedy of *Empire* said that the episode's parody of *Raiders of the Lost Ark* is the best movie parody of the show.

Other websites
--------------


Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: ***"Bart's Friend Falls in Love"***

* "Bart's Friend Falls in Love episode capsule". *The Simpsons Archive*.
* "Bart's Friend Falls in Love" at the Internet Movie Database
* "Bart's Friend Falls in Love" at TV.com
One of Mozilla's previous offices. This one is in Mountain View. The Mozilla Corporation and Mozilla Foundation shared it.
The **Mozilla Foundation** is a non-profit organization that was created to support and give leadership for the open source Mozilla project. The organization sets the policies that govern development, operate important things that keep Mozilla working and controls trademarks and other intellectual property. It owns a taxable for-profit subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation, which employs several Mozilla developers and sets releases of the Mozilla Firefox. The Mozilla Foundation is based in Mountain View, California, USA.

The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as *"a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving choice and promoting innovation on the Internet"*. Mozilla Japan and Mozilla China are non-profit organizations whose mission is to help promote and deploy Mozilla products and projects.

History
-------

On February 23, 1998, Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to help the development of the Mozilla Application Suite. It made-up of mostly Netscape employees but was not part of Netscape. 

When America Online (AOL) (Netscape's owner) stopped its involvement with the Mozilla Organization, the Mozilla Foundation was created on July 15, 2003 to make sure Mozilla could survive without Netscape. AOL helped during the start of the creation of the Mozilla Foundation, moving hardware and intellectual property to the organization and employing a three-person team for the first three months to help with the move. AOL promised to donate $2 million to the foundation over two years.

People
------

The Mozilla Foundation Board of Directors has six members: 

* Mitchell Baker (Chair)
* Brian Behlendorf
* Joichi Ito
* Bob Lisbonne
* Cathy Davidson
* Ronaldo Lemos

Originally Christopher Blizzard had a seat on the board but he moved to the Mozilla Corporation Board of Directors when it was established; Joichi Ito joined the Mozilla Foundation board at that time. Bob Lisbonne and Carl Malamud were elected to the board in October 2006.

The foundation also has a number of paid staff members, who focus on project and policy issues:

* Mark Surman — Executive Director
* Gervase Markham
* Zak Greant

The Mozilla Corporation also has a number of employees, many of whom worked for the foundation before the establishment of the corporation.

The Mozilla project has traditionally been overseen by a committee known as mozilla.org staff; the individuals on that committee later became foundation or corporation board members or staff members.

Related pages
-------------

* Mozilla Firefox — Mozilla's web browser
* Mozilla Thunderbird — Mozilla's e-mail client

Other websites
--------------

* About the Mozilla Foundation
* 2005 presentation about the Mozilla Foundation
* Press release about the creation of the Mozilla Foundation
* Details about the reorganization caused by the formation of the Mozilla Corporation
* mozilla.org Staff Members and Meeting Minutes

37°25′11″N 122°05′20″W﻿ / ﻿37.419804°N 122.088838°W﻿ / 37.419804; -122.088838
John Dillinger mug shot
**John Herbert Dillinger** (June 22, 1903 – July 22, 1934) was an American bank robber in the American Midwest.

Early years
-----------

Dillinger was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He grew up in Mooresville, Indiana. His first robbery occurred in Mooresville in 1924. He went to prison until 1933. Later, he helped some convicts escape, and formed a gang of robbers with them.

Criminal career
---------------

In 1934, Dillinger was accused of killing a policeman. He was transported from Arizona to Indiana. He escaped from jail. His flight across state lines in a stolen vehicle made him a fugitive from the FBI. He formed a gang and robbed banks. He had several gun battles with the men of the FBI. By the middle of 1934, he had robbed 10 banks in four midwestern states.

Death
-----

Photo of the Biograph Theater in Chicago made by the FBI six days after Dillinger's death
Dillinger was hiding in Chicago, Illinois, when he was betrayed by the madame of a brothel named Anna Sage. She accompanied him to the Biograph Theater wearing a red dress. This was done so the police could easily see her. Dillinger was gunned down by the FBI as he left the movie theater. Dillinger had chosen to see the Clark Gable gangster movie, *Manhattan Melodrama*. Anna Sage became known as "The Lady in Red".

Film depictions
---------------

* Humphrey Bogart's played the gang leader Duke Mantee in *The Petrified Forest*, {1936} a character based on Dillinger.
* Lawrence Tierney starred in the first film dramatization of Dillinger's career; *Dillinger* (1945).
* In a parody of Dillinger's escape with a phony gun, Woody Allen tries the same stunt [and fails} in his 1971 movie, *Take the Money and Run*.
* Warren Oates's 1973's  *Dillinger*. Another dramatization version of the Dillinger gang comparable to the 1969 movie "Bonnie and Clyde"
* A TV movie *Dillinger* was released in 1991, starring Mark Harmon.
* Director Michael Mann's 2009 film *Public Enemies*, is an adaptation of Bryan Burrough's book *Public Enemies: America's Greatest Crime Wave and the Birth of the FBI, 1933-43* and features Johnny Depp as John Dillinger and Christian Bale as FBI agent Melvin Purvis.
**Tamara Toumanova** (Georgian: თამარა თუმანოვა; March 2, 1919 – May 29, 1996) was an American ballerina and actress of Georgian descent. Toumanova is notable for ballet, and she also acted in several movies.

Tournova became an American citizen in 1943. She married her second husband, Casey Robinson, a Hollywood script writer and producer, in 1944.

Life
----

Shortly after the Russian Revolution of 1917, Toumanova's mother, Eugenia Toumanova, left Georgia, Russia looking for her first husband, Konstantin Zakharov. She was pregnant at the time. She gave birth to Toumanova in Siberia. It has been verified that Toumanova is of Georgian ancestry.

Toumanova's parents became separated during the revolution. Toumanova was 18 months old before her parents were found each other. The family went from Russia to Shanghai, China. They lived there for a year. They then moved to Cairo. After living in refugee camps, the family moved to Paris. There was a large Russian émigré community there.

After moving to Paris, Toumanova was given piano lessons and studied ballet with Olga Preobrajenska. Toumanova said she was her "first and only permanent teacher" and an "immortal friend". She made her debut at the Paris Opera at the age of ten in the children's ballet *L'Éventail de Jeanne*. George Balanchine saw her in ballet class and hired her for de Basil's Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo as one of the three "baby ballerinas".

Other websites
--------------

* Australia Dancing — Lutte eternelle Archived 2011-02-19 at the Wayback Machine
* Tamara Toumanova Archived 2016-10-06 at the Wayback Machine
This article is about the spun-off phone brand. For the original Alcatel telecommunications company and its successor, see Alcatel-Lucent.

Alcatel Mobile, also known as Alcatel, is a Chinese mobile phone brand that is a subsidiary of TCL Communication Technology Holdings Limited. The company's history can be traced back to 2004 when it was established as a joint venture between TCL Corporation and Alcatel-Lucent. TCL Corporation, a Chinese multinational electronics company, entered into a licensing agreement with Alcatel-Lucent to use the Alcatel brand for its mobile phones. This joint venture allowed TCL Corporation to tap into Alcatel-Lucent's expertise in telecommunications while leveraging its own manufacturing capabilities. Alcatel's headquarters is located in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China. From there, the company operates its research and development, manufacturing, and marketing activities. The headquarters serves as the main hub for Alcatel's global operations. Alcatel primarily offers mobile phones and smartphones to consumers worldwide. Their product lineup includes a range of devices, from entry-level smartphones to high-end flagship models. Additionally, the company also manufactures tablets and other mobile accessories. On a global scale, Alcatel operates in numerous countries, including key markets such as Europe, North America, and Asia. The company has established subsidiaries and partnerships to strengthen its presence in various regions. Notably, Alcatel has collaborated with mobile network operators and distributors to expand its market reach and enhance distribution channels. In terms of market position, Alcatel has gained recognition as a competitive player in the mobile phone industry. The brand has experienced significant growth and has carved a niche for itself in the affordable smartphone segment. While facing tough competition from other Chinese manufacturers, Alcatel has managed to establish a loyal customer base through its cost-effective devices and innovative features. Major events in Alcatel's growth include its acquisition by TCL Corporation in 2005, which provided the company with additional resources and support for expansion. The launch of their popular OneTouch series of smartphones also contributed to their success and brand recognition. As for the current status of Alcatel, the latest updates indicate that TCL Communication Technology Holdings Limited, the parent company of Alcatel, has announced its plans to rebrand Alcatel to TCL in a strategic move to consolidate its smartphone business. This rebranding aims to align the brand's image and strengthen the synergy between TCL's various product lines. In conclusion, Alcatel Mobile is a Chinese mobile phone brand that has gained recognition for its affordable smartphones and tablets. With a global presence and a strong market position, the brand continues to expand its offerings and adapt to the evolving smartphone market. The company's latest strategic move to rebrand demonstrates its commitment to growth and synergy within the TCL ecosystem.
**Grades** are a teacher's evaluation of a student's performance. They are often letters (e.g. A, B, C, D, F,) or numbers (e.g. 1-10.), although in some countries they do not use either of these systems.

Letter grades are most commonly used in the United States and some others. The grades D or C are usually enough to pass.

Grades can also be on a number scale. Typically a midpoint score is a pass. Sometimes the numbers can go in descending order to indicate better performance.

A *Grade Point Average*, or GPA, takes the grade(s) of a student and assigns point values to them. These points are added up and divided to calculate the GPA.

Simple grades can be found with this formula:

{\displaystyle {\frac {\text{right}}{{\text{right}}+{\text{wrong}}}}}
The grade is the answer to that formula turned into a percent.

This is the type of grading the United States commonly uses.:

| Percent | Grade |
| --- | --- |
| 97%-100% | A+ |
| 93%-96% | A |
| 90%-92% | A- |
| 87%-89% | B+ |
| 83%-86% | B |
| 80%-82% | B- |
| 77%-79% | C+ |
| 73%-76% | C |
| 70%-72% | C- |
| 67%-69% | D+ |
| 63%-66% | D |
| 60%-62% | D- |
| 0%-59% | F |
ManoMaya Buddha Paganeri.org
**Manomaya Buddha Temple** was established in 2023 during a consecration ceremony. The ceremony was attended by Clergy from Wat Pak Nam Temple in Thailand as the Guest of Honour. The ceremony attracted over 2000 visitors and was covered by local media.

The temple is in the village of Paganeri in South India. Paganeri is a village in Kalaiyarkoil Block in Sivaganga District of Tamil Nadu State, India. It is located 20 KM towards North from District headquarters Sivaganga. 19 KM from Kalaiyarkoil. 454 KM from State capital Chennai.

The temple is privately owned and as such does not accept donations. The purpose is to offer visitors a spiritual experience from where they will learn more about themselves, the world we live in and how to be happier within both.

The temple was established by Manikandan Chockalingam CEO of Cal4Care.

Why this Buddha Pedam?
----------------------

Considering the name and location of this town, this Buddha is blessed and called ‘Manomaya Buddha’ on the advice of Buddhist Bhikkhu from "Wat Pak Nam" temple in Thailand.

It is believed that by meditating and contemplating on the pillars and walls of this temple in honor of the Buddha’s teachings, one can attain the same peace and enlightenment that the Buddha attained.

The Pedhama is designed to provide a peaceful environment for those seeking to deepen their understanding of the Buddha’s teachings and cultivate peace of mind and wisdom. In addition, the Buddha Pedhama enables individuals to come together to connect with each other in community and share their spiritual journey.

This private temple also serves as a place of peace for Paganeri village and peace of mind for mankind.
**Proprietary software** (or closed source software) does not let people see or change source code of the computer software. It is the opposite of free software. Proprietary software is usually created by businesses who want to sell their software, but some programs that are free to use are still proprietary because the user is not allowed to change them. With proprietary software, only the people that make the software can see and change the code.

Even if the people who make the program give the source code to other people, the program will be proprietary if they do not allow to do important things like these: 

* Change the code;
* Give the code to other people;
* Give the changed code to other people;
* Use the code on a different computer;

Most companies who sell their software for money (and even some who do not charge money for it) make it proprietary source. This makes it harder for people to copy and change the software, or to use the source code to make similar software. It helps prevent a user from pretending to be the author of someone else's work (a way of plagiarism).

*
Very tight folds in New South Wales, Australia
A fold in Slichowice nature reserve in Kielce, Poland (Variscan orogeny)
Rainbow Basin Syncline near Barstow, California, United States
Rock often deforms in such a way that it bends instead of breaking. This is called a **fold**. The term **fold** is used in geology when one or a stack of originally flat, level surfaces, such as sedimentary strata, are bent or curved as a result of pressure and high temperature. The basic cause is likely to be some aspect of plate tectonics. 

When two forces act towards each other from opposite sides, rock layers are bent into *folds*. How folds are formed due to compression is known as **folding**. Folding is one of the endogenetic processes; it takes place within the Earth's crust. 

Folds in rocks vary in size from microscopic crinkles to mountain-sized folds. They occur singly as isolated folds and in extensive fold trains of different sizes, on a variety of scales. A set of folds distributed on a regional scale constitutes a *fold belt*, a common feature of orogenic zones. 

There are large-scale and small-scale folds. Large-scale folds are found mainly along a collision boundary between two tectonic plates.

Structure of a fold
-------------------

The upfold is called an anticline. The downfold is called a syncline.

The imaginary line joining the highest points along the upfold is called the crest line. 

The flanks of a fold are known as the limbs.

The central line from which the rock strata dip away in opposing directions is called the axis of fold.

According to the degree of folding of the layers, folds can be classified into five main types.

* symmetrical fold: two limbs are of equal steepness
* Asymmetrical fold: one limb is steeper than the other
* Overfold: one limb is pushed over the other
* Recumbent fold: two limbs are nearly parallel
* Overthrust fold: compressional force is so great that the rock strata are broken and slide over the other.

Formation of a fold mountain
----------------------------

Large depressions called geosynclines form between plates. Seas filled the geosynclines and rivers flowing into them carried sediments (sand and silt) which build up on the sea bed.
Over millions of years the sediments were compressed, by their own weight, into sedimentary rocks, e.g. sandstone, limestone etc.

Landforms formed by folding
---------------------------

Large-scale folding will develop parallel ranges of round-top mountains along destructive plate boundaries. These mountains are known as fold mountains. 

Examples of fold mountain ranges:

* Himalayas
* Alps
* Andes
* Rocky Mountains
**Georg Waitz** (23 January 1909 – March 1993) was an Austrian soccer player. He played for different teams in Vienna. He also played for the Austrian national football team during the Wunderteam era.

Career
------

Waitz was promoted in the 1927–28 season with SC Nicholson in the first division. In the following years Nicholson was able to stay in the league after the renaming of FC Wien. Waitz was one of the constants in the line-up. In September 1930 he scored four goals in a league game in an 8-0 against Wiener AC.

In 1934 Georg Waitz left his regular club and moved to Wiener AC, where he did not even play for a full season. During the spring round he joined the second division club 1. Favoritner FC Vorwärts 06 and returned to FC Wien in early 1936. In 1937 he finally accepted an offer from the French professional league and played for RC Lens for a season.

International
-------------

He played one match for the Austrian national football team on 17 July 1932 versus Sweden.

Honours
-------

* Champion 2nd league: 1928
* One match for the Austrian national football team
**Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance** is a diagnostic method in epidemiology. It has been used in the Soviet Japanese campaign in WWII immediately behind the first echelon of tanks and mechanized vehicles of advancing Soviet army should they encounter any particular contagious disease as withdrawing enemy forces had poisoned many wells and water sources.
The use of sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance or similar practices in the armed forces is mentioned elsewhere. The Polish contingents serving under the UN auspices focused their tasks among others on … sanitary-epidemiological reconnaissance … 
Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance is a collection and transfer of all data available on sanitary and epidemiological situation of the area of possible deployment and action of armed forces, the same data for the neighbouring and enemy armed forces. The aim for the reconnaissance is to clear up the reasons of the specific disease origin- sources of the infection in extreme situations, including local wars and armed conflicts, the ways of the infection transfer and all factors promoting to the infestation. It should result in revealing of the patients and persons, suspected to the specific disease, their isolation and hospitalization. Mobile equipped group for sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance includes: epidemiologist, specialist on infections, assistant of epidemiologist (bacteriologist- lab assistant), medical orderly (if necessary, the group will include zoologist or parasitologist). After the armed forces have become stationary during wartime and emergency of peace time the sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance turns into sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of vital and communal activity of the armed forces.

In 2010 at The Meeting of the States Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and Their Destruction in Geneva 
the sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance was suggested as means for monitoring of infections and parasitic agents and for practical implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005). The aim was to prevent and minimize the consequences of natural outbreaks of dangerous infectious diseases, the treat of alleged use of biological weapons. The sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance will be important in assessing the sanitary-epidemiological situation, organizing and conducting preventive activities, indicating and identifying pathogenic biological agents, suppressing hotbeds of infectious diseases, providing advisory and practical assistance to local health authorities.

Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance (inspection) or a similar practice and specific indication in the hotbed should be performed immediately after the receiving of the information about bio-terrorism attack.
**John Flynn** OBE (25 November 1880 – 5 May 1951) was an Australian Presbyterian minister. He started the Presbyterian Church of Australia. He also started the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia, which brings medical care to people who live far away from doctors or hospitals. Flynn's portrait is on one side of the Australian 20 dollar note.

Early life
----------

John Flynn was born in Moliagul in Victoria, Australia on November 25, 1880. His parents were Thomas Eugene Flynn and Rosetta Forsyth. Because his mother died while giving birth to him, John was raised by his mother’s sister in Sydney, Australia. 

When he was 16, Flynn decided that he wanted to become a Presbyterian minister and study theology (religion) at the University of Melbourne. In 1911, he finished his training for the Presbyterian ministry and was officially ordained into the Presbyterian Church. He went to live and work in the Australian Outback, where many people had little access to medical care because they lived so far from large cities, doctors, and hospitals. In 1912, he created the Australian Inland Mission, which gave medical, spiritual, and other care to people in the Outback.

Career
------

For many years, Flynn worked to get the support and money he needed to start an organization that would bring doctors and medical care by plane to people living in the Outback. With the help of Alf Traeger, Flynn was able to create the Aerial Medical Service in 1928. (Its name was later changed to the Flying Doctor Service, and then changed again to the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia). In its first year, the Aerial Medical Service flew 50 flights to 26 different places, giving medical care to 225 people. Over the next few years, Flynn worked to get the support the Aerial Medical Service needed to provide "flying doctors" to every part of Australia. By 1939, every state in Australia had an Aerial Medical Service. Now called the Royal Flying Doctor Service, the organization still exists today and has 21 bases throughout every part of the country. It provides medical care to 290,000 people every year.

Awards
------

Flynn became an officer of the Order of the British Empire on June 3, 1933.

Other websites
--------------

* 
* Archived 2014-07-05 at the Wayback Machine
* 
* Archived 2014-07-06 at the Wayback Machine
Dr.phil

***Dr. Phil*** is an American talk show hosted by Phil McGraw. It debuted on September 16, 2002, after McGraw had success with the "Tuesdays With Dr. Phil" segment on *The Oprah Winfrey Show*. On both shows McGraw offers advice in the form of "life strategies" from his experience as a clinical psychologist. Dr Phil order his shows January 4 2001

The show is in syndication throughout the United States and Canada, as well as a number of other countries. Also, the show's syndication contracts specifically state that if *Dr. Phil* is on another station, it cannot air at the same time as *Oprah*. Dr Phil anncoued his shows In January 2001 to order the first episode in early 2001 with Lea Michele for his shows to exercise.[*source?*]

The sixth season premiered on September 10, 2007.

It was announced on August 3, 2005 that *Dr. Phil* had been renewed through at least 2012-2013, lasting through the 11th season.

In 2007, [[Dr. Phil]] was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for "Outstanding Talk Show Host".
Tutankhamun's burial mask
Tomb of Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings
**Tutankhamun** (Tutankhaten, Tutankhamun) was an Egyptian Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (royal family) during the New Kingdom. He reigned from when he was nine years old (1334 BC) to when he died (1324 BC).

Tutankhamun was the son of Akhenaten and one of Akhenaten's sisters, or perhaps one of his cousins, Kiya.
Tutankhamun ruled for 9 years and died very young, at 19, so he is known as The Boy King. He was married to his half-sister Ankhesenamun, daughter of Queen Nefertiti, his stepmother.

Howard Carter discovering Tutankhamun's tomb

In his third year of his reign, Tutankhamun reversed several changes made during his father's reign. He ended the worship of the god Aten and restored the god Amun to supremacy. The ban on the cult of Amun was lifted and traditional privileges were restored to its priesthood. The capital was moved back to Thebes and the city of Akhenaten abandoned. This is when he changed his name to Tutankhamun, "Living image of Amun", reinforcing the restoration of Amun.

In 1922 Howard Carter found Tutankhamun's tomb. Tutankhamen was believed to carry a curse. Actually, the archeologists who visited his tomb died from natural causes. Tutankhamen's tomb's unique and priceless treasures have taught us a lot about the boy king, the pharaohs, and ancient Egypt.

Illness and death
-----------------

Recent studies of his body using CT scans and DNA tests show that he had two children, but they died very young. Scientists now believe he died from a broken leg, made more complicated by bone disease and malaria. Before this discovery there were many theories about his early death, including murder. It is quite certain that he was infected by several strains of malaria, and very likely that he had some genetic defects caused by inbreeding. His parents were brother and sister. The final cause of his death is still unclear.

New galleries in Cairo Museum
-----------------------------

In 2014 the Egyptian Museum in Cairo opened four new halls in the Tutankhamun Gallery.
The **green damselfish** (***Abudefduf abdominalis***), also known as the **Hawaiian sergeant major**, is a non-migratory (lives always in the same area) fish of the family Pomacentridae. It occurs in the Pacific Ocean in near the Hawaiian Islands, Midway Island and Johnston Atoll. It can grow to a maximum total length of 30 cm (11.8 inches). 

Adults of the species are typically found in quiet waters with rocky bottoms in inshore and offshore reefs at a depth of 1 to 50 m (3 to 164 ft), although juveniles (young fish) may sometimes be found in surge pools. It is a benthopelagic species, with adults being known to form schools (large groups). The species feeds on a variety of algae and zooplankton and is oviparous, with distinct pairing occurring during breeding. Eggs of *Abudefduf abdominalis* are demersal (bottom feeders) and adhere to the ground ?(substrate), with males guarding and aerating (giving air) the eggs. The species is known to be used as a food source for humans in Hawaii. It occasionally appears in the aquarium trade.