recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
Frankenstein is one of the early examples of Technophobia. This image shows Boris Karloff who played Frankenstein, in the 1930s.
**Technophobia** is the fear, or dislike, of more advanced technical devices. Technophobia has occurred since the Industrial Revolution. Very often, artists show technophobia in their works. Two examples of this are Frankenstein, and the movie Metropolis. The Luddites were a movement of textile workers who fought against the use of machines, in the 19th century.

Technophobia in anabaptist groups
---------------------------------

Anabaptist groups, such as the Amish or the Mennionites are often shown as being against all modern technology. This image is false, and largely relies on ignorance. These groups are not technophobic, they simply judge the technologies they use: if the technology is useful for the group as a whole, and it does not pose a risk in making the group fall apart, the technology is usually kept. As an example, tractors are used, because they help with agriculture. Cars, on the other hand, are often not used, because they help drive the community apart.

Occurrence
----------

In a study, done between 1992 and 1994 University students in different countries were asked if they were technophobic: Among the 3.392 participants in the United States, 29% identified as strongly technophobic. As a comparison, 58% of the Japanese pariicipants identified as technophobic, in India, the number was 82%, and in Mexico, it was 53%.
Tsūtenkaku, south side
**Tsūtenkaku** (通天閣, *Tsūtenkaku*) is a tower in Osaka, Japan. It is a well-known landmark and shows advertisements for Hitachi, Ltd. The tower is 103 meters tall. The main observation deck is 91 meters above the ground. The three characters in the name mean "Reaching Heaven Tower". It is in Shinsekai, part of Naniwa Ward. Tsūtenkaku Kanko Co. Ltd. owns the tower.

History
-------

The current tower is the second tower on the site. The original tower was built in 1912. The design was based on the Eiffel Tower. The tower had an cable car that connected it to a nearby amusement park called Luna Park. The original was 64 meters tall. It was the second tallest building in Asia at that time. It quickly became one of the most popular locations in the city. Visitors came from all over. 

There was a fire in 1943 which severely damaged the tower. It was not repaired. The tower was taken apart and the steel was used to make things for World War II.

After the war, citizens wanted to rebuild the popular tower. A private company called *Tsūtenkaku Kanko Co. Ltd.* was set up for this purpose. They hired Tachu Naito to design it. He was nicknamed Japan's "Father of Towers". The new tower opened in 1956.

Signs
-----

In 1957, Hitachi started putting neon sign advertisements on the tower. The advertisements have usually been changed every 5 or 6 years. Hitachi last changed the signs in 2006. New signs are scheduled for autumn 2011. The new signs will use LED lights, not neon. Other lights on the tower also show weather information.

Access
------

* JR West, Osaka Loop Line and Yamatoji Line, Shin-Imamiya Station, East Exit (10 minute walk)
* Nankai Railway, Nankai Main Line and Koya Line, Shin-Imamiya Station, East Exit (10 minute walk)
* Osaka Municipal Subway Sakaisuji Line (brown line), Ebisuchō Station, Exit 3 (3 minute walk)
* Osaka Municipal Subway Midosuji Line (red line), Dobutsuen-mae Station, Exit 5 (10 minute walk)
* Hankai Tramway, Hankai Line, Ebisucho Station (3 minute walk)

Photos of the tower today
-------------------------

* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
*

Photos of the original tower
----------------------------

* Dedication Ceremony, 1912Dedication Ceremony, 1912
* Ropeway connecting Tsutenkaku and Luna Park, 1912Ropeway connecting Tsutenkaku and Luna Park, 1912
* Luna Park at sunset, 1912Luna Park at sunset, 1912
* Luna Park Night View, 1912Luna Park Night View, 1912
* View from Shinsekai, 1920View from Shinsekai, 1920
* View from Shinsekai, 1920View from Shinsekai, 1920
* View from Shinsekai, Ebisu Gate, 1920View from Shinsekai, Ebisu Gate, 1920
* View from Shinsekai, 1920-1943View from Shinsekai, 1920-1943
* View from Luna Park Ichi-go-kan, 1920-1943View from Luna Park Ichi-go-kan, 1920-1943
* View from Jan Jan Yokocho, 1920-1943View from Jan Jan Yokocho, 1920-1943
* After the fire in the movie theater, 1943After the fire in the movie theater, 1943
* During demolition, 1943During demolition, 1943

Related pages
-------------

* Tokyo Tower
This article is about the snake. For the programming language, see Python (programming language).

A python in a tree
***Python*** is the name given to a genus of constricting snakes. Such snakes are not venomous. its family is the *Pythonidae*. Pythons are more closely related to boas than to any other snake family. 

Boulenger (1890) thought this group was a subfamily (Pythoninae) of the family Boidae (boas). However, boas produce live young, while pythons are oviparous: they lay eggs.

*Python* can be found in Southeast Asia and Africa, and other members of the family are found in New Guinea and Australia. Pythons can range from 3 feet long in species like ball pythons to 29 feet in species like reticulated pythons. *Python* is one of eight genera in the family. They all have a rather similar life style.

Most members of the family are ambush predators: they stay motionless in a camouflaged position, and then strike suddenly at passing prey. They wrap their body round the prey and squeeze. To kill its prey, the python squeezes it to death, then swallows it whole. Larger pythons can prey on animals as large as a full-grown deer. In Africa, there are pythons that eat gazelles. Most of their prey is much smaller than that. Pythons may take several days or even weeks to fully digest prey.
Despite their size, pythons are rarely dangerous to humans.

*Python* can be up to 900 cm long and weigh up to 90 kg, but males are much smaller and lighter than females. The python can live up to 30 years. The breeding time is between 60 or 70 days.

Research indicates that all snakes, including pythonids, are children from a venomous father.

Pythons in unusual places
-------------------------

Burmese pythons have become an invasive species in south Florida. The problem is most serious in the Everglades National Park.

In 2014 a pet python killed two children in New Brunswick, Canada.
Closeup of the tube feet of a live starfish
**Tube feet** are small tube-like projections on the underside (oral side) of echinoderms. They are part of the water vascular system of echinoderms.

Tube feet are used to move, feed and breathe. They are arranged in grooves along the arms. They operate through hydraulic pressure. They are used to pass food to the oral mouth at the center, and can attach to surfaces. Tube feet allow these animals to stick to the ocean floor and move slowly. A sea star that is overturned simply turns one arm over and attaches it to a solid surface, and levers itself the right way up.

Tube feet are used by starfish are used to open up bivalve shells. The shells of brachiopods and bivalves are held together by strong muscles. What the starfish does is clamp hold of them on either side with its tube feet, and apply a steady pull. The starfish, with its muscles and hydraulic system, can pull for much longer than any bivalve muscle can withstand. Apparently, ten minutes are usually enough to open the shell a bit. Then the starfish slips its stomach inside the shell. The stomach can get through a slot as narrow as 0.1mm. The starfish then dissolves the mollusc where it lives, absorbing the nutrients. This digestion process takes much longer than opening the shell, perhaps a couple of days.
**Ranma ½** is an anime based on a manga by Rumiko Takahashi. It is 36 volumes long.

Story
-----

Ranma Saotome is the main character, who is 16 and good at martial arts. He learned from his father, a martial artist. Ranma was training with his father, Genma Saotome, when he falls into a spring which turns him into a girl from then on whenever cold water is poured on him. Genma fell into the spring of the panda, so he turns into a panda. Hot water makes them turn back.

After this both visit Soun Tendo, Genma's friend from a long time ago and his fighting partner. Soun teaches at his martial arts school. Soun tells Genma that he needs a grandchild to carry on the school, so he needs his daughter, Akane Tendo, to marry to get a child, who would receive an inheritance from him. Genma then says that Akane could marry Ranma, and so they become engaged.

Ranma and Akane don't get along at first but they become more friendly.

Characters
----------

**Ryoga Hibiki**
One of Ranma's enemies. He and Ranma went to same school when they were children, but never got 
along.
**Wilson Shannon** (February 24, 1802 – August 30, 1877) was a Democratic politician from Ohio and Kansas. He served as the 14th and 16th Governor of Ohio. He and was the first governor of Ohio born in the state. Shannon was the second governor of the Kansas Territory.

Life
----

Shannon was born in Belmont County, Ohio on February 24, 1802. His father, George Shannon, fought in the Revolutionary War.

Ohio
----

Shannon was a student at Ohio University and Translyvania University. He studied law. He became a lawyer in 1830. He was the prosecuting attorney for Belmont County from 1833 to 1835.

Kansas Territory
----------------

On August 10, 1855, President Franklin Pierce asked Shannon to become the governor of Kansas. He was governor from September 7, 1855 until August 18, 1856. Shannon sent the federal military to Kansas many times. He did this to stop violence. 

In May 1856, a big pro-slavery army came to Lawrence, and they attacked the city. This was known as the "Sacking of Lawrence." Shannon did not try to stop them, and he did not guard the people of Lawrence or their property. Shannon lost control of Kansas, and he went to St. Louis, Missouri on June 23, 1856. He quit on August 18, 1856.

Later Life and Death
--------------------

Shannon came back to Kansas after quitting. He was a lawyer in Lawrence, Lecompton, and Topeka, Kansas. He died on August 30, 1877. He is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Lawrence.
**Toccata** is the title that was often given to pieces of music for solo instruments from the Renaissance onwards. The word comes from the Italian for *to touch*, also meaning *to play a musical instrument*. These pieces were often quite difficult, with a lot of fast notes which showed off how well the person could play.

The first toccatas were written in northern Italy by composers such as Claudio Monteverdi and Giovanni Gabrieli. They are pieces for the keyboard (harpsichord or organ) with lots of running scales in the right hand and accompanying chords in the left hand. 

Toccatas became popular in Germany with composers such as Hans Leo Hassler who had studied in Venice with Gabrieli. Many German Baroque organ composers wrote toccatas: Sweelinck (who was Dutch), Pachelbel, Buxtehude and Johann Sebastian Bach. Bach wrote a *Toccata and Fugue in D minor*, which is one of the most famous pieces of Baroque organ music, and perhaps the most famous toccata ever written.

After the Baroque period composers did not often write toccatas. The toccata became popular again in the late 19th century with the French organ composers such as Charles-Marie Widor whose Toccata from his *Symphony No. 5* is very popular today, especially at weddings. It has lots of quick notes in the right hand (and occasionally in the left) and a big tune in the pedals. Another famous organ toccata is by Louis Vierne. It is the last movement of his *Symphony No. 1* (at this time French composers wrote organ works called "symphonies").

In the 20th century several composers wrote toccatas for piano including Prokofiev, Khachaturian, Ravel (part of *Le Tombeau de Couperin*) and Claude Debussy (part of *Suite: Pour le Piano*).

Related pages
-------------

* Fugue
* Prelude
**William "Smokey" Robinson** (born February 19, 1940 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American R&B singer-songwriter. Most of his hit records were on Motown Records or one of its labels, and many of them were performed with The Miracles, his longtime band. 

Robinson is an African American. His mother died when he was young; his sister raised him afterwards. Robinson met Berry Gordy when Motown first became famous. He showed Gordy the lyrics to a song he had written. When Gordy asked if Smokey had any other songs, the young man pulled out a notebook with nearly a hundred of them. Few of the songs had potential, but Gordy liked what he saw in Robinson, and signed him and his band to Motown. Gordy helped Robinson become a better songwriter, and sometimes they wrote together. Some of Robinson's songs, like "My Girl" and "My Guy", were hits for other Motown artists.

Robinson's hits with the Miracles included "Goin' to a Go-Go", "You Really Got a Hold On Me", "Shop Around", "Ooh Baby Baby", "Mickey's Monkey", and "Baby, Baby Don't Cry". Stevie Wonder gave Robinson an unfinished song he'd begun in the studio, to see if he could add lyrics and a tune. The song reminded Robinson of circus music, and he remembered *I Pagliacci*, an opera about clowns. The finished song was called "The Tears of a Clown", and it became another hit.

Robinson left the Miracles during the 1970s, and began a solo career. The Miracles still had hits (like "Love Machine"), and so did Robinson, with songs like "Cruisin'" and "Being With You".

In the 2000s, Robinson went into the frozen food business, with a line of gumbos and similar cuisine.

Other websites
--------------

* Hear Smokey Robinson (music and interviews) on the Pop Chronicles (1969).
**Wilbur H. "Will" Jennings** (born June 27, 1944 in Kilgore, Texas, United States) is an American songwriter. He is known for writing the lyrics for "My Heart Will Go On". The recording was used as the theme for movie *Titanic* (1997). He has been included into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame. He also won several awards including three Grammy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and two Academy Awards.

Awards
------

Jennings has received awards for writing lyrics to the following songs:

* "My Heart Will Go On" from the movie *Titanic*

Academy Award for Best Original Song
Grammy Award for Song of the Year
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song – Motion Picture
* "Tears In Heaven" from the movie *Rush*

Grammy Award for Song of the Year
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song
* "Up Where We Belong" from the movie *An Officer and a Gentleman*

Academy Award for Best Original Song
BAFTA Film Awards for Best Original Song
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song

Other websites
--------------

* Will Jennings at AllMusic
* Will Jennings on IMDb

| Authority control Edit this at Wikidata |
| --- |
| International | 
* FAST
* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat Identities

 |
| National | 
* Norway
* Spain
* Germany
* Italy
* Israel
* Finland
* Belgium
* United States
* Latvia
* Korea
* Croatia
* Netherlands

 |
| Artists | 
* Grammy Awards
* MusicBrainz artist

 |
| Other | 
* IdRef

 |
**Bryan Owen "Pete" Young** (born March 19 1968 in Meadville, Mississippi) is a former right-handed relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Montreal Expos in 1992 and 1993. He went to Mississippi State University, where he played college baseball.

Career
------

On June 2, 1986, Young was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in the 22nd round of the amateur draft, but did not sign to play Minor League Baseball with Cincinnati, deciding to instead attend Mississippi State where he practiced to become a better pitcher. Young was drafted again on June 5, 1989 by the Montreal Expos in the 6th round (148th overall pick) of the amateur draft. This time, Young signed to play in the minors in the Expos organization.

Young made his major league debut on June 5, 1992 with the Expos at age 24. On that day, Young pitched 1⅔ innings against the Reds, striking out one batter. The Expos lost the game 10-4. Young played his final major league game for the Expos on July 18, 1993; on February 18, 1994, he was purchased along with Matt Stairs by the Boston Red Sox organization, but his career ended that season after not reaching the major league club.

At the time of his retirement, Young had earned a career earned run average of 3.63. He finished with 25⅔ innings pitched, striking out 14 batters, and playing in a total of 17 games. He allowed 22 hits, 1 home run, and 9 walks. He only got one win in his career, on July 10, 1993 against the San Diego Padres. Young came to bat only once in his two-season career.

Other websites
--------------

* Baseball-Reference.com - career statistics and analysis
* Baseball Almanac
* BaseballLibrary Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
Managani festival is a world renowned festival celebrated in Karaikal city. It is celebrated in the memory Lord Bikshantar who will be provided food by Karaikal Ammaiyar, that is Amuthu Padayal in Tamil.

Reason of the celebration
-------------------------

This festival's history relies on Karaikkal Ammaiyar's life.One day Ammaiyar's husband, Paramathathan, had sent two mangoes to be kept for him. That day a hungry Shaiva devotee (Lord Bikshantar) came to her residence. Ammaiyar gave the devotee, curd rice and one of the two mangoes which her husband gave earlier. Later, when Ammaiyar's husband came home, Ammaiyar served him the other mango. The mango was very delicious, and her husband requested that the other mango be served. Ammaiyar went inside kitchen, she didn't know what to do since the Mango is already served to the shaiva devotee(Lord Bikshantar). With Lord Siva's grace a Divine Mango appeared in her palm. Ammaiyaar was very happy and served the Mango to her husband.

As this fruit was divinely sweet and was infinitely delicious compared to the previous one, her husband inquired as to how Ammaiyar obtained this mango. Subsequently,Karaikkal Ammaiyar worshiped Lord's feet and revealed the truth to her husband, who didn't believe it. He asked her to show another mango with divine help. Ammaiyar prayed to Lord Shiva for another mango. Immediately Lord Shiva gave her a similar mango,which she gave it to her husband. The mango then disappeared, and Paramathathan realised the divine nature of his wife. He understood that Ammaiyar was worthy of worship and she cannot be treated as his wife. He then deserted Ammaiyar, becoming a trader and married the daughter of a merchant who then gave birth to their child. Paramathathan named the child with the real name of Ammaiyar, Punithavathi. When the word reached Ammaiyar's family, they decided that they must take her to him. When he saw his former wife, Paramathathan addressed her reverentially, saying that he realised Ammaiyar was no ordinary human being. He worshipped her with his wife and child. Ammaiyar prayed to Lord Shiva asking for a boon that she may worship Lord Shiva as a disembodied wraith. She received the boon, and leaving all her beauty and her body behind.This was the reason of formation of this grand festival of Mangani.

Celebration
-----------

The celebration is celebrated in the Tamil month of Aani (June–July)lasting a month. Each day the Panchamurthi or the Five divine Gods idol are taken through each streets of Karaikal. On the main day of the festival the huge idol of Lord Bikshatanar is taken through the streets. On the same day, people of Karaikal throw Mangani or Mangoes from their roof towards the crowd.
Goodness of eating the Mango caught in the festival are:

* The blessings of Lord Shiva is obtained.
* Those who didn't get child for long years give birth child.

In the 30 days each day is celebrated with orchestras, debates, bharathanatyam dance etc. The official song of Mangani festival is composed by S.Natarajan, son of Kalaikavalar Karai Subbaiya, one of the most famous musician in Karaikal, owning an orchestra named Newtone Orchestra.
A baseball game where the Nationals played the Cincinnati Reds
The **Washington Nationals** are the professional baseball team based in Washington, D.C. United States. They compete in Major League Baseball (MLB). The Nationals are a member of the Eastern Division of the National League. They are called "The **Nats**" for short.

From 2005 to 2007, the Nationals played in Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium. The team now plays in Nationals Park, which is in Washington, D.C. along the Anacostia River.

The franchise was founded in 1969 and at that time they played in Montreal, Quebec as the Montreal Expos. They were the first MLB team in Canada and were the only such team until the Toronto Blue Jays began to play in 1977. There was a strong rivalry between these two teams. Since the Expos moved to Washington in 2004, the Blue Jays are now the only team outside the United States.

The Nationals played in their first World Series games in 2019 against the Houston Astros, and they won at 4-3 to clinch their first ever World Series title in their franchise history. The other baseball team from Washington, D.C. recently won the World Series title was in 1924 as Washington Senators.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Washington Nationals***.

* Official site of the Washington Nationals
* Washington Nationals Roster
* FOX Sports - Washington Nationals Team Front
* Expos New Name: Nationals (TSN) Archived 2006-02-08 at the Wayback Machine
* New Stadium Construction Camera Archived 2008-07-01 at the Wayback Machine
***Survivor*** (Hebrew: הישרדות‎, *Hisardut*), formerly known as ***Survivor 10***, is an Israeli reality competition game show. It is based on the popular international *Survivor* television franchise. The series began in December 2007. It aired on Israel's Channel 10 for six seasons. After legal issues between Channel 10 and Castaway Television, the series went on a three-year hiatus. In 2015 the series returned for a seventh season on Channel 2 and Reshet. The show is hosted by actor and singer Guy Zu-Aretz.

Following the basic premise of other international versions of the franchise, it features a group of contestants who are marooned in an isolated location, where they must provide food, water, fire, and shelter for themselves. The contestants compete in challenges for rewards and immunity from elimination. The contestants are progressively eliminated from the game as they are voted out by their fellow contestants, until only one remains and is given the title of "The Last Survivor" and is awarded the grand prize of 1 million NIS.
**Sherman Alexander Hemsley** (February 1, 1938 – July 24, 2012) was an American actor.

Early life
----------

Hemsley was born on February 1, 1938 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to and was raised in South Philadelphia by his mother, who was a factory worker. He left school to join the Air Force, where he served in for four years. Later he returned to Philadelphia where he worked in a post office during the day and at night he went to acting classes. Later he moved to New York still working for the post office during the day and at night he went to acting classes.

Career
------

Hemsley's career began when he starred in a 1970 Broadway play in *Purlie* as Gitlow. Hemsley's television career began in 1970 in the television series *All in the Family*. And his first movie was in the 1979 movie *Love at First Bite*. Hemsley is mostly known as for his role as George Jefferson on the CBS in television series *The Jeffersons*, and as Deacon Ernest Frye on the NBC series *Amen*. He also played Earl Sinclair's horrifying boss, and a Triceratops in Jim Henson's sitcom *Dinosaurs*.

Personal life and death
-----------------------

Hemsley was a smoker and never married. Hemsley lived in El Paso, Texas and died there after he was found in his home on July 24, 2012. The cause of his death was a lung tumor caused by Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, aged 74. Hemsley was cremated.

Hemsley in *The Jeffersons*, 1974

Filmography
-----------

* *Love at First Bite* (1979)
* *Stewardess School* (1986)
* *Ghost Fever* (1987)
* *Club Fed* (1990)
* *Mr. Nanny* (1993)
* *Home of Angels* (1994)
* *The Misery Brothers* (1995)
* *Sprung* (1997)
* *Senseless* (1998)
* *Jane Austen's Mafia!* (1998)
* *Up, Up, and Away* (2000)
* *Screwed* (2000)
* *For the Love of a Dog* (2007)
* *Hanging in Hedo* (2008)
* *American Pie Presents: The Book of Love* (2009)

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Sherman Hemsley***.

* Sherman Hemsley on IMDb
* Sherman Hemsley at the Internet Broadway Database
* Sherman Hemsley at Find a Grave
Ruslan Ponomariov, 2010
**Ruslan Ponomariov** (Russian: Русла́н Пономарёв, born 11 October 1983) is a Ukrainian chess player and former FIDE world champion.

FIDE World Chess Champion 2002
------------------------------

In 2002 he beat his fellow countryman Vassily Ivanchuk in the final of the FIDE World Championship 2002 by a score of 4½–2½. This made him FIDE world champion at the age of 18, the first teenager and youngest person to win this form of the title. However, he is not the youngest undisputed world champion because the traditional World Chess Championship was still held by Vladimir Kramnik. 

In the same year he finished second in the very strong Linares tournament, behind Garry Kasparov. His result in the strong 2003 Corus tournament at Wijk aan Zee was not as good – despite having the third highest rating, he finished only joint eleventh out of fourteen players with 6/13, and at Linares the same year he finished only fifth out of seven with 5½/12.

There were plans for him to play a fourteen-game match against Kasparov in Yalta in September 2003, the winner of which would go on to play the winner of a match between Kramnik and Péter Lékó as part of the so-called "Prague Agreement" to reunify the World Chess Championship (from 1993 until 2006 there were two world chess championships). However, this was called off after Ponomariov refused to sign his contract without reservation. 

Ponomariov remained FIDE champion until Rustam Kasimdzhanov won the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004.
***The Wizard*** is a 1989 American adventure comedy-drama family movie. It was directed by Todd Holland. It was written by David Chisholm. It stars Fred Savage, Christian Slater, Jenny Lewis, Beau Bridges, and Luke Edwards.

The movie is about three children travelling to California. The youngest of the three is a genius in video games. *The Wizard* is famous for its extensive product placement of video games for the Nintendo Entertainment System. The MOVIE was also famous for being North America's introduction to one of the best-selling video games of all time, *Super Mario Bros. 3*.

Plot
----

After his little brother, Jimmy (Luke Edwards), a boy who is always with his lunchbox, is put into a mental institution, Corey (Fred Savage) breaks him out and the pair run off together to California. On their way, Corey meets a girl named Haley (Jenny Lewis) and discovers that Jimmy is a genius at playing video games. With talents like this, he could easily win the top prize of $50,000 at Video Armageddon. While the three travellers are going (hitch-hiking) to the competition, the boys' parents hire a bounty hunter to track them down.

Primary cast
------------

* Fred Savage as Corey Woods
* Luke Edwards as Jimmy Woods
* Jenny Lewis as Haley Brooks
* Christian Slater as Nick Woods
* Beau Bridges as Sam Woods
* Will Seltzer as Putnam
* Wendy Phillips as Christine Bateman
* Sam McMurray as Mr. Bateman

Production
----------

Recording took place between June 5 and July 25, 1989. Lee Hartney from The Smith Street Band was nearly cast in the lead role, but due to location conflicts (problems) was never officially offered the part. In a 2008 reunion and 2014 interview, Todd Holland, the director of the movie, revealed that the original cut of the movie was 2.5 hours long and included an extended backstory (background) for Corey and Jimmy.

Music
-----

* BoDeans – "You Don't Get Much"
* Pasty Cline – "Leavin' On Your Mind"
* BoDeans – "Red River"
* New Kids on the Block – "You Got It (The Right Stuff)"
* Real Life – "Send Me an Angel '89"
* New Kids on the Block – "Hangin' Tough"
* Martha & The Vandellas – "Nowhere to Run"
* Paul Carrack – "I Live by the Groove"
* Bobby Brown – "Don't Be Cruel"
* Paul Anka – "My Way"
* Sally Dworsky – "I Found My Way"
**VEGAS Pro** is a non-linear video editing software developed by MAGIX, previously by Sony Creative Software and Sonic Foundry. The Film Paranormal Activity was edited using the software and has won many awards.

The software is only for Windows computers and PCs only and cost 600 dollars.

Features
--------

**VEGAS Pro** contains a lot of video and audio effects and transitions including the Mirror Effect and Chroma Key. **VEGAS Pro** also has tittles and other video generators.

**VEGAS Pro** also allows users crop video, Flip video horizontal or upside down, change the speed of video and audio with or without the pitch changing if going faster or slower and more.

Sony Vegas 8.0
--------------

The 8.0 version was released in late 2007. It contains features including ProType Titling technology, Multicamera editing tools, 32-bit floating point video processing, Customizable window layouts, Improved HDV/SDI/XDCAM support and Mixing console window.

Sony Vegas 9.0
--------------

The 9.0 version was released in 2009. The color of the program is now black rather than white. It contains features including support for 4K resolution and native support for pro camcorder formats like Red and XDCAM EX. 

The latest 9.0 version was released in May 2010 called "Vegas Pro 9.0e" which includes a new white balance video effect.

Sony Vegas 10.0
---------------

The 10.0 version was released in October 2010 and is the latest version of the software. It contains new features including Stereoscopic 3D Editing, Comprehensive Closed Captioning, GPU-Accelerated AVC Encoding (Using NVIDIA CUDA), Image Stabilization, Audio Event FX, Track Management, OpenFX plugins support.
For other uses, see Tonight's the Night (disambiguation).

"**Tonight Is the Night**" is the debut single by the rapper and singer Outasight. It was released by Warner Bros. in 2011. The song was played on the FOX network program *The X Factor.* It was played during the week 2 "results" episode on November 3, 2011. A music video of the song was released. It was directed by Dori Oskowitz.

Use in Pepsi advertisement
--------------------------

The song has been used in Pepsi's "Who's Next" ad campaign. The ad shows an young singer drinking from a Pepsi can while getting ready for his performance. While "Tonight Is the Night" is being played, very well known singers appear. 

These include Michael Jackson, Alfonso Ribeiro, Ray Charles, Britney Spears, Kanye West, and Mariah Carey. The last shot of the ad goes back to the young singer while the slogan "who's next?" is put on the screen. The ad ends with the catch phrase: "Where there's Pepsi, there's music".

Charts
------

| Chart (2011-12) | Peakposition |
| --- | --- |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 53 |
| US *Billboard'*" Hot 100 | 38 |
| US Hot Dance Club Songs (*Billboard*) | 15 |
| US Pop Songs (*Billboard*) | 19 |
| US Adult Pop Songs (*Billboard*) | 32 |
The **Spyker F1 Team** was a Formula One team owned by Spyker, a Dutch car brand. It existed only in 2007. The team was bought from Midland in 2006 and was sold to become Force India later on in 2007.

History
-------

### 2006

The 2006 Midland F1 car running in orange, as it had been bought by Spyker.
In 2006, during the 2006 Formula One season, it was announced that Spyker had bought the struggling Midland F1 team. Every race that was left would be raced under the Spyker name and the livery would be changed to orange, because that's the national colour of the Netherlands. 

### 2007

In the 2007 season, the team was fully in the hands of Spyker. However, to the public, the team did not perform better than Midland. It was known as a backmarker, a team that almost always finds itself at the back of the grid. 

#### Firing of Albers

On the tenth of July it was announced that the only Dutch driver with Spyker, Christijan Albers, would be fired because his sponsors failed to pay the Spyker F1 team. He would be replaced by Winkelhock and, later on, Yamamoto. 

#### 2007 European Grand Prix

During the 2007 European Grand Prix, held at the Nürburgring, Markus WInkelhock found himself leading the field in his only race for Spyker and in F1. This was because he was the only driver to make a pitstop before the race started. It was a rainy day and the team decided on wet tyres, as they work better in the rain than other compounds. This move put him in last, but many people in front of him either spun off or decided to get wet tyres for themselves. Suddenly, after passing the man in front, he was leading the race. At the height of his triumphant drive, he was 33 seconds in front of the driver in second. However, this wouldn't last long. Because of a series of crashes caused by the rain, the race was red-flagged. After the race restart, he was quickly overtaken by the faster cars behind him. He later on retired because of a hydraulics issue.

#### Spyker F1 Sold

At the end of 2007, Spyker F1 was sold to an Indian holding company called Orange India Holdings. This was officially the end for Spyker in Formula One. The team turned into Force India for the start of 2008.

Formula One Results
-------------------

### 2007

| Year | Chassis | Engine | Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | Points | WCC |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | F8-VIIF8-VIIB | Ferrari 056 2.4 V8 | **B**
 |  | AUS | MAL | BHR | ESP | MON | CAN | USA | FRA | GBR | EUR | HUN | TUR | ITA | BEL | JPN | CHN | BRA | 1 | 10th |
| Germany Adrian Sutil | 17 | Ret | 15 | 13 | Ret | Ret | 14 | 17 | Ret | Ret | 17 | 21† | 19 | 14 | 8 | Ret | Ret |
| Netherlands Christijan Albers | Ret | Ret | 14 | 14 | 19† | Ret | 15 | Ret | 15 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Germany Markus Winkelhock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Ret |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Japan Sakon Yamamoto |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Ret | 20 | 20 | 17 | 12 | 17 | Ret |
| Sources: |
Xpress in new color scheme
**Xpress** is a steel launched roller coaster at Walibi Holland in The Netherlands. It opened in 2000 under the name *Superman the Ride*. However, Six Flags was planning to open it under the name *Riddlers Revenge* and the ride was painted green at the factory. Shortly before the coaster was built, the name was changed to *Superman the Ride* and was painted red and blue. Since 2005 the coaster is called *Xpress*. It is the first LSM coaster in Europe.

Work in progress
The coaster had been standing but not operating for the whole season in 2011. The reason for this was because important parts of the launch mechanism were broken, which can cause that the train does not have enough speed at the end of the launch, or doesn't launch at all. These parts are ordered and are only made on request, as there are only 3 coasters of this type worldwide (2 of which are in Disney parks). Therefore, Walibi Holland decided to paint the track. As of 2012, the coaster operates again.

Gallery
-------

* Overview of XpressOverview of Xpress
* The logo as of 2012The logo as of 2012
Charles Sturt, Surveyor General of South Australia in 1839
The **Surveyor General** is a government's official surveyor. They would be responsible for surveying a particular country or area. These would once have been military jobs, but now they are mainly civilian positions.

The following Surveyor General positions exist, or have existed historically:

* Surveyor General (Canada):
	+ Arpenteur général du Québec
	+ Surveyor General of Ontario
* Surveyor General (Australia)
	+ Surveyor General of New South Wales
	+ Surveyor General of South Australia
	+ Surveyor General of Victoria
	+ Surveyor General of Western Australia
* Surveyor General of Cornwall
* Surveyor General of India
* Surveyor General of Ireland
* Surveyor General of New Netherland
* The Surveyor General of Pakistan
* Surveyor General of Sri Lanka (formal Surveyor General of Ceylon)
* Surveyor General of the United States
	+ Surveyor General of North Carolina
	+ Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory
* Surveyor General of Hong Kong

Surveyor Generals are also known from former centralized markets enterprises and divisions created after finish of 2nd WW. They controled organized development of industrial areas based on coordination of existing plants layouts with future investment projects. Example as former VSZ n.p. etc.
"Tree of Knowledge A painting" by Lucas Cranach the Elder
In the Book of Genesis, chapters two and three, the **Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil** was a tree in the middle of the Garden of Eden, along with the Tree of Life. God Told Adam and Eve) to never eat from this Tree. When Eve and Adam, ate the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, they discovered that they were naked, and were banished from the garden and forced to survive through farming.

Different views of the tree itself
----------------------------------

### In Judaism

According to the Jewish tradition, God telling Adam and Eve not to eat from the Tree was to give them free choice and allow them to earn perfection instead of getting it with a simple deed. According to this tradition, Adam and Eve would have become perfect and immortal had they not eaten from the Tree. After failing, they were sentenced to a long time of hard work to get themselves back into God's trust.

### In Christianity

In Christianity, the Tree of Knowledge is connected to the beginning of sin. By eating the fruit of the Tree, Adam and Eve tried to become like God. 

### Trees in other religions

In Buddhism, the Buddha became enlightened under a Bodhi tree. While the biblical tree is usually seen as representing pleasure, the Bodhi tree gave pure knowledge.

### The symbol of the Tree

Symbolically, the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge tries to divide human action into Right or Wrong, Good or Evil and Lawful or Unlawful with privileges and punishments for each case.

Related pages
-------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Tree of knowledge***.

* Adam and Eve
* Knowledge
* Morality
* Original sin
* Pelagianism
**Objectivity** in science means that scientific ideas and measurements are tested. That means they are independent from the individual scientist (the subject) who proposes them. In other words, if scientist A claims something, scientist B must be able to check whether A is right.

The evidence can (in principle) be shown to anyone who doubts it. The "in principle" bit is because some science needs complex machinery, and if you don't understand the machinery, you won't understand the results. But elementary science can often be shown in a classroom, or on television.

Some science does need a proper scientific education. To some extent the general public has to trust a qualified scientist to present the idea in some suitable form. That means on television or on the web, or perhaps in published articles or books. Most awards of the Nobel Prize in science are followed by presentations on various web channels.

It is generally agreed that, at least in some subjects, modern science needs a person to have some education before they can understand it. Specialist communicators often do this on television or the web. 150 years ago, people read science directly from books written by scientists like Faraday and Darwin. Now most people get their science from people who act as communicators of science.

Objectivity in measurement
--------------------------

To avoid the variety in subjective (ambiguous) interpretation of quantifying terms such as "green", "hot", "large", "considerable", and "negligible", scientists try hard, where possible, to eliminate human senses by use of standardized measuring tools (meter stick, stopwatch, thermometer, etc.) and mechanical/electronic measuring instruments (spectrometer, voltmeter, timer, oscilloscope, gravimeter, etc.) for performing the actual measuring process, eliminating much of the perceptive variability of individual observers. The results of measurements are expressed on a numerical scale of standard units - so that everybody else understands them the same way. Where data must need be used, the ideal is to use "hard", "objective" criteria for assigning the classifications (see definition), such that different classifiers would get the same results.

Literature
----------

* Dawkins, Richard 2003. *A Devil’s Chaplain: selected essays*. Phoenix.
* Kuhn, Thomas 1962. *The Structure of Scientific Revolutions*. University of Chicago Press, 3rd ed. 1996.
* Porter, Theodore M. 1995. *Trust in Numbers: the pursuit of objectivity in science and public life*. Princeton University Press.
* Restivo, Sal 1994. *Science, Society, and Values: toward a sociology of objectivity*. Lehigh University Press.
* Sokal, Alan & Bricmont, Jean 1997. *Intellectual Impostures: postmodern philosophers’ abuse of science*. Profile Books 2003.
**The Postal Reorganization Act** is an American law signed by President Richard Nixon in 1970. The law takes the Post Office Department out of the Cabinet of the President and makes it an independent agency. This agency is the United States Postal Service.

Background
----------

The Post Office had been struggling due to Congress. Because the department was a part of the government, Congress had to approve most things that happened to it. This made change to the Postal Office Department very slow, and this did not sit well with the Postal Unions. They wanted more change to improve the conditions of the Postal Workers, but Congress was too slow to bring in rapid change. The unions worked with Congress and the president to create a better system. The Postal Reorganization Act was the final product of this work.

Details
-------

One of the changes was the business goal of the Postal Service. Now that they were an independent agency, they did not receive money from Congress, so they had to work to make money through the selling of stamps and shipping.

Another was their new way of choosing the Postmaster General. A Board of Governors is elected by the president, and these people are able to choose the Postmaster General.

The Post Office Department also changed their name to the United States Postal Service, and this is the same Postal Service that is delivering mail today.

Other websites
--------------

* The Postal Reorganization Act (Original Statute) Archived 2021-08-11 at the Wayback Machine
Saigon River at Ho Chi Minh City
Ferry crossing on the Saigon River.
The **Saigon River** (Vietnamese: *Sông Sài Gòn*) is a river in Vietnam. It begins at Lake Dau Tieng (in its water-catchment area) near the country of Cambodia.

The river flows south and south-southeast for about 150 kilometres (93 mi). Most of the rivers in the Mekong Delta region have a water-table and canal connection. The system of rivers and canals for southern Vietnam help with water transport for commercial activities. The water supplies many businesses and agricultural (farm) operations.

The Saigon River has a river port at Ho Chi Minh City. It ends just after the Phu My Bridge (Vietnamese: *Cầu Phú Mỹ*). The Saigon River ends by meeting another two rivers, the Nha Be and Dong Nai rivers. The lower end of the river is on the flood plain, and is therefore subject to tide change from the sea and delta. Ho Chi Minh City regularly floods (in areas that get a lot of floods) with either tidewater or rainwater.

The river system has many fish. Recently the government released native fish to improve the population. Fish, shrimp, and snails are popular for farming.
A skateboard
A **skateboard** is a board (called a "deck") with four wheels put on under it. It is used to go skateboarding. The first skateboards were a piece of wood with rollerskater attached to it. This became popular and by 1960, skateboards were made in production. As more skateboards were made, more people liked the new sport. However, it was dangerous and people started to fall off. As a result, skate parks started to close down. With less places to skate, skateboarders had no where to go. A small group of skateboarders carried on skateboarding in the street and around cities. After 20 years, the sport began to grow into what we know now. Skateboarding is a popular sport with many younger riders. Young people sometimes skateboard on the street. There are many different types of skateboards like stunt skateboards, penny skateboards, Longboards, short boards and more.

Parts
-----

The normal parts that make a complete skateboard are the deck, trucks, wheels, bearings, hardware, and griptape.

### Deck

The underside of a skateboard. In this photo the deck, trucks and wheels can be seen.
Most decks are made of six to nine-plywood layers. Other materials used in making decks include fiberglass, bamboo, resin, Kevlar, carbon fiber, aluminum, and plastic. All these make the board more light. Some decks made from maple plywood are dyed to make many different colored plywood. Modern decks are made in different sizes. Most are 7 to 10.5 inches wide. Wider decks can be used for greater stability when skating on curving surfaces including ramps. Skateboard decks are normally between 28 and 33 inches long. The bottom of the deck can be printed with a design by the maker or it can be blank. 

The longboard, a common different kind of skateboard, has a longer deck. This is mostly ridden down hills or by the beach. The longboard was made by two surfers; Ben Whatson and Jonny Drapper. One of the first deck companies was called "Drapped" taken from Jonny's second name. "Old school" boards (those made in the 1970s–80s) are mostly wider and often have only one kicktail. Different kinds of the 1970s often have little or no concavity, whereas 1980s models have deeper concavities and steeper kicktails.

The Skateboard deck concave is noted mainly in three types: low, medium, and high. While the low concave is having small curvature and makes the safe ride, but you can’t put more stress on the edges deck. Medium concave will easily found in the present market due to the high demand for a beginner. High concave is raised more at the edge, making it perfect for performing Flip tricks and Ollie. Medium concave is readily available in the market because it suits beginners, which keeps it always in demand.

Grip tape, when put on to the top of a skateboard, gives a skater's feet grip on the deck. It is most often black. However, it can come in many different colors like clear. Clear allows the top of the deck to be decorated. It has an adhesive back and a sandpaper like top.
**Shemp Howard** (March 11, 1895 - November 22, 1955) was an American comedian and actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

Career
------

Malice in the Palace (1949)
He worked for a short time with Larry Fine and Moe Howard in the early 1930s Three Stooges. He later return to the group in 1947. He replaced Curly Howard who was ill. *Fright Night* (1947), was his first short movie with the Three Stooges, followed by *Out West* (1947), one of the best episodes of The Three Stooges. Shemp filmed 73 short movies with The Three Stooges between 1947 and 1955. These included *I'm a Monkey's Uncle* (1948), *Mummy's Dummies* (1948), *Hokus Pokus* (1949), *The Ghost Talks* (1949), *Malice in the Palace* (1949), *Three Arabian Nuts* (1951), *Corny Casanovas* (1952), *Up in Daisy's Penthouse* (1953) and *Musty Musketeers* (1954). Shemp Howard also worked with The Three Stooges on television.

Other websites
--------------

* Shemp Howard on IMDb
* Shemp Howard at Find a Grave
* Shemp Howard: The Little Stooge Who Could Archived 2009-06-26 at the Wayback Machine Shemp Howard Profile at Confessions of a Pop Culture Addict