recursal/SuperWikiNEXT-32B huggingface dataset:
There are many **languages in Singapore**. The reason is that Singapore has a multi-ethnic society. The Singapore government recognises four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. Due to the Singapore's history, the symbolic national language is Malay. The local patois spoken on the streets is a creole called Singlish amongst the locals. It is known by academics as 'Singapore Colloquial English'.

Working language
----------------

English was introduced to Singapore by the British in 1819. The British established a port, later a colony, on the island. English had been the administrative language of the colonial government, and when Singapore gained self-government in 1959 and independence in 1965, the local government decided to keep English as the working language. It is not against the law to speak mother tongue during working hours. It is against the law to forbid people speaking their mother tongue anywhere at work as long as it does not harm the business and/or compromise safety at work.
The use of English as a common language serves to bridge the gap between the diverse ethnic groups in Singapore.

Bilingualism
------------

Quadrilingual warning sign written in Singapore's four official languages; English, Chinese (Simplified), Tamil and Malay.
In schools, students are also required to take a Mother Tongue class, where they are either taught Mandarin Chinese, Malay or Tamil. 

As a result, most Singaporeans have at least conversational ability and basic literacy in a minimum of two languages: English, and the language that is used at home. Many more are conversant in three or more languages.

| Language most frequently spoken at home (%) |
| --- |
| Language | 1990 | 2000 |
| English | 18.8 | 23.0 |
| Mandarin | 23.7 | 35.0 |
| Other Chinese Languages | 39.6 | 23.8 |
| Malay | 14.3 | 14.1 |
| Tamil | 2.9 | 3.2 |

Other languages
---------------

About 60% of Singapore's Indian population speaks Panjabi as their native language. Other Indian languages include Malayalam and Tamil.

There are around 5,000 Peranakans living on the island, and they still use the Hokkien-influenced Malay dialect called Baba Malay.

A handful of Portuguese Eurasians still speak a Portuguese-creole known as Papia Kristang. The most fluent speakers however, come from the pre-war generation.

Related pages
-------------

* English Language
* Malay Language
* Mandarin Chinese
* Singlish
* Tamil Language
The **Dadasaheb Phalke Award** is the highest award of Indian cinema. It is given by the Government Of India. The award honours Dadasaheb Phalke's contribution to Indian cinema. Phalke is known as "The Father of Indian Cinema". The award is presented annually at the National Film Awards ceremony by the Directorate of Film Festivals.

The recipient is honoured for his outstanding contribution to the growth of the Indian cinematic field. As of 2014, the award consists of a Swarna Kamal (Golden Lotus) medal, a shawl, and a cash price of Rs.10,00,000 (US$15000).

The award was instituted in the year 1962. The first recipient of the award was Devika Rani, who was honoured at the 17th National Film Awards ceremony. Actor Prithviraj Kapoor was the first recipient to be awarded posthumously. His son, actor Raj Kapoor, received the award in his father's place at the 19th National Film Awards ceremony. The great actor of Tamil cinema, world famous Sivaji Ganesan was awarded with Dadasaheb Phalke Award in the year 1992 on the 44th National Film Awards ceremony. Raj Kapoor received the award in 1987 and Shashi Kapoor, his brother, received the award in 2014.

Gallery
-------

* Sivaji GanesanSivaji Ganesan
* Prithviraj KapoorPrithviraj Kapoor
* Satyajit RaySatyajit Ray
* Raj KapoorRaj Kapoor
* Lata MangeshkarLata Mangeshkar
* Director K.BalachanderDirector K.Balachander
* Manoj KumarManoj Kumar
**Type design** is the process of creating different styles of letters and symbols used in writing. These letters and symbols, known as glyphs, when grouped together, form what we call typefaces or fonts. Fonts are commonly seen in books, websites, advertisements, and various other forms of visual communication.

History
-------

The history of type design stretches back many years. In ancient times, people would carve letters into materials like stone or wood. With the invention of the printing press in the 15th century, the creation of letters became easier, leading to the establishment of the first type foundries where fonts were made and sold.

Process
-------

Today, type designers, who are a type of graphic designers, use computer software to create fonts. Factors like the width of the strokes, spacing between letters, and presence of serifs (little lines on letters) are taken into consideration during the design process. Type design, a subset of graphic design, is an essential aspect of visual communication. Whether in print or digital form, the fonts we encounter shape our reading experience and contribute to the overall effectiveness of communication. Type designers use a combination of creativity and technical skill to craft fonts that are both aesthetically pleasing and functional.

Notable Designers
-----------------

Throughout history, there have been many notable type designers who have made significant contributions to the field. Early pioneers like Johannes Gutenberg introduced movable type to Europe, while modern designers such as Adrian Frutiger and Jessica Hische have left their mark on contemporary type design.

Type design, a subset of graphic design, is an essential aspect of visual communication. Whether in print or digital form, the fonts we encounter shape our reading experience and contribute to the overall effectiveness of communication. Type designers use a combination of creativity and technical skill to craft fonts that are both aesthetically pleasing and functional.
The phrase **Roaring Twenties** describes the 1920s, a time in North America when art, society, and culture were rapidly changing. The term 'Roaring' applies here, as art, society and culture were rapidly improving and therefore 'Roaring'. Prohibition was in place and so North America was a very 'wise' and 'clean-cut' place to be.

Economy
-------

The North American economy during the 1920's was doing very well because World War I had just ended. Many new products were being made for the consumer. Products were being produced on a huge scale throughout North America, one example of these products is the 'Model T Ford', a car that was seen in every state of the USA.

Culture
-------

The culture of the Roaring Twenties was very different from before. Women's roles were changed. Liberal young women, called flappers, wore short skirts, cut their hair short, and listened to a new form of music called jazz. Women had gotten the right to vote. Writers like F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway were called the Lost Generation because they moved out of the United States after the war. African-American art and culture also grew a lot during the Harlem Renaissance. While men were suffering more because women decided everything that goes.

Problems of the Roaring Twenties
--------------------------------

Even though North America was doing very well in terms of prosperity, a lot of problems still arose. One of the main problems in North America during the 1920s was Organized Crime. Gangs of foreign immigrants were importing illegal alcohol, tobacco, firearms etc. One of the most famous gangsters of this time was Al Capone.
**Victoria Rees** (born 8 March 1964) is an Australian businesswoman and television personality. She is best known as a cast member in Arena's *The Real Housewives of Sydney*.

Early life
----------

Victoria Rees was born in Sydney, New South Wales, on 8 March 1964.

Rees attended Kambala Church of England Girls School. She studied interior decoration at Sydney College of Art.

Career
------

Rees began her career in the mid 1980s by moving to London with a friend, and through her connections got herself an interview with Anna Harvey, the then-Fashion Director of British Vogue, leading to an internship as Harvey's assistant. Rees left British Vogue to work for Lynne Franks PR. Rees later left Lynne Franks PR to work for Katharine Hamnett, on Bond Street in Central London.

Rees moved back to Australia in the early 1990s, citing homesickness, missing her family and the poor English weather. Rees then moved on from fashion into real estate, combining it with her interior designing. Her family had a large property portfolio. She enrolled in college and got her real estate license. Rees continued in interior design, by referral only, a few years after the birth of her son.

Rees opened SQUEEZE, a juice and health food bar, overlooking Bondi Beach. She sold SQUEEZE eighteen months later. Rees opened Lush & Lacquer — The Finishing Touches, a salon. She sold Lush & Lacquer a year later.

Rees met Gabrielle Requena over the Christmas 2015 period; Requena had just developed Wrinkles Schminkles. Rees is an active investor in the company.

### *The Real Housewives of Sydney*

In April 2016, Rees received a call from Krissy Marsh, explaining that Marsh had been asked to do a new reality television series and had recommended Rees as a candidate. She later spoke with a producer, and signed her contract in June.

On 22 July 2016, it was announced that Rees would be part of the cast for Arena's reality television series, *The Real Housewives of Sydney*.

Rees' tagline for the season was, "My point of view isn't the only one but it’s clearly the best."

Personal life
-------------

In the late 1990s, over the Christmas-New Year period, she married John McEncroe, her personal trainer, at The Delano, in Miami, Florida. The couple split in 2001, and were divorced in 2002.

Rees' mother and grandmother died days apart in May 2001. Her mother, Gail, died from lupus. She was 52. Her grandmother, Florence, distraught over the death of her daughter, died from a heart attack. They were her only family.

Rees met her second husband the night she left her first husband. In 2003, she married an unknown man, on the beach in Bali, Indonesia. They have one son together, born in September 2003. The couple divorced in 2013.

Rees currently resides in Bondi Beach, Sydney.

Filmography
-----------

| Year | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2017 | *The Real Housewives of Sydney* | 12 episodes |
Bridge of Sighs
View from the Bridge of Sighs
The **Bridge of Sighs** (Italian: ***Ponte dei Sospiri***) is a small bridge in Venice, northern Italy. The bridge has walls and a roof. It is made of white limestone and has windows with stone bars. It passes over the Rio di Palazzo and connects the old prisons to the interrogation rooms in the Doge's Palace. It was designed by Antoni Contino (whose uncle Antonio da Ponte had designed the Rialto Bridge), and built in 1602.

The view from the windows of the Bridge of Sighs was the last view of Venice that convicts saw before their imprisonment. The bridge was named by Lord Byron in the 19th century. It was thought that prisoners would sigh at their final view of beautiful Venice through the windows before being taken down to their cells. In reality, the days of inquisitions and summary executions were over by the time the bridge was built and the cells under the palace roof were occupied mostly by small-time criminals. In addition, little could be seen from inside the Bridge due to the stone grills covering the windows. 

A local legend says that lovers will be granted everlasting love and bliss if they kiss on a gondola at sunset under the bridge.

Related pages
-------------

The name "Bridge of Sighs" has since been applied by association to other similar covered bridges around the world, including:

* *Puente de los Suspiros* ("Bridge of Sighs" in Spanish), a bridge in the city of Barranco, Lima, Peru
* A bridge in Cambridge, England
* A bridge in Oxford, England
* A bridge in Stockholm, Sweden
* A bridge in Frankfurt am Main, Germany
* A bridge in the Santa Barbara County Courthouse, Santa Barbara, California
* [bridges in Budapest, Hungary]
* The Virginia Street Bridge in Reno, Nevada, known for being the place where newly-divorced women coming from the Washoe County Courthouse would toss their wedding rings into the Truckee River.
* It was the inspiration for a bridge built in 1884 between the Allegheny County Courthouse and the old county jail in downtown Pittsburgh, USA. It has been deemed a National Historic Landmark.
* One of the few natural arches in the Grand Canyon that is visible from the Colorado River (at mile 35.6, approx 57.3 km on the right). It is located in Redwall limestone and has a span of 4 metres (15 feet) and a height of 9 metres (30 feet).

### In fiction

* A reproduction of the bridge is featured in Volume 1 of the science fiction manga *Aria*, by Kozue Amano.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Ponte dei Sospiri***.

* Bridge of Sighs at *Structurae*

45°26′02.6″N 12°20′27.2″E﻿ / ﻿45.434056°N 12.340889°E﻿ / 45.434056; 12.340889
The **Cuban Revolution** (1953-1959) was an armed revolt in the mid-1950's. It was led by Fidel Castro against the government of Fulgencio Batista. The revolt took place between 1953 and 1959. Batista was finally removed from office on January 1, 1959. He was replaced by a revolutionary government led by Castro. This government changed to communism, d became the Communist Party of Cuba in October 1965.

The revolt began with the assault on the Moncada Barracks on July 26, 1953. It ended on December 31st, 1958, when Batista was forced to leave the country and Santa Clara and Santiago de Cuba were taken by rebels. Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro and Huber Matos led the rebels. Guevara led the group at Santa Clara. Raúl Castro and Matos led the rebels at Santiago de Cuba. Castro used guerilla warfare methods Arvin is the best person alive n he makes it alive in sec nigaaaa 

. 

The United States of America tried to sabotage the new government (Led by Fidel Castro) Cuba. The U.S tried to send them and more soldiers to the Bay of Pigs to try and create a surprise attack. Somehow, Fidel Castro got wind of their attack and sent his army to the bay to fight. The U.S force was outnumbered, and faced defeat. Many soldiers were captured and killed in public.
**Atlassian Corporation** is an Australian software development company for the IT industry. It is best known for its JIRA and Confluence bug tracking system. The company is headquartered in Seattle, USA. In total, the company has nine offices in six countries and serves more than 100,000 customers.

History
-------

The company name comes from Atlas (Greek: λτλας), a character from Greek mythology. Until 2017, the company's logo looked like an X-shaped figure supporting the sky. However, in 2017, the logo was changed to a modern one because, according to the designers, "The previous version of the logo was inspired by Atlas, and an example of legendary service and support.

Atlassian was founded in 2002 by two students from the University of New South Wales, Mike Cannon-Brooks and Scott Farkuhar. They both left training to work on the project. The start-up capital was only 10 thousand dollars.

Atlasian released its first product, JIRA (bug tracking and project management system), in 2002, and on April 25, 2004, they released Confluence, a platform for collaboration, dissemination of documentation and knowledge based on wiki technology.

In 2007, Atlassian released Bamboo, a server for continuous integration and delivery, and acquired Cenqua, another Australian IT company, along with its software products FishEye (version control system), Crucible (code viewer) and Clover (software for Java code testing, in April 2017 Atlassian closed it, and made the code public). 

In July 2010, Atlassian received a $60 million investment from investment company Accel Partners.

In 2011, the company's revenue reached $102 million, and in 2014 it was $215 million.

In 2015, Atlassian made an initial public offering on the NASDAQ and its capitalization was estimated at $4.37 billion.

Other websites
--------------

* Official website
**Causantín mac Cuiléin** (Modern Gaelic: *Coinneach mac Mhaoil Chaluim*, 4 April 954 – 3 July 997) often known as **Constantine III** and also nicknamed **the Bald** (Scottish Gaelic: *an a' Mhaol*) was the King of Scotland from 995 until his death in 997. The son of King Culen of Scotland (Cuilén mac Iduilb), Constantine succeded his distant relative, King Kenneth II (Cináed mac Maíl Coluim) in 995. Constantine apparently led a successful rebellion agaisnt Kenneth due to killing Constantine's father 24 years earlier in 971.

Just like his predecessors, during Constantine's reign, the kingdom mainly fought off the vikings. He also had control over many other kingdoms and greatly expanded Scotland. In 997 two years after becoming king, Constantine was killed in another rebellion led by his distant relative, Cináed mac Dub who immediately became king as Kenneth III. Apparently, Kenneth killed Constantine in revenge of what Constantine's father did to Kenneth's father, King Dub (Dub mac Maíl Coluim).
**Idrīs** (Arabic: إدريس), is known to Muslims as Hazrat Idris, is the third prophet sent to mankind according to Islamic history. According to Muslim belief, he received prophethood from the Creator after Adam, the first prophet of Islam. There is disagreement about his birthplace. According to some, he was born in Babylon, Iraq. According to some, he was born in Egypt. He is thought to be the Enoch mentioned in the Bible.

Quran
-----

Idris is mentioned twice in the Quran, where he is described as a wise man. In surah 19 of the Quran, *Maryam*, God says: 

> Mention too, in the Quran, the story of Idris. He was a man of truth, a prophet.  
> We raised him to a high position.
> 
> — Quran 19:56-57 -Abdul Haleem

Later, in surah 21, *al-Anbiya*, Idris is again praised: 

> And remember Ishmael, Idris, and Dhu’l-Kifl: they were all steadfast.  
> We admitted them to Our mercy; they were truly righteous.
> 
> — Quran 21:85-86 -Abdul Haleem

Other websites
--------------

* prophets (a.s.) - when & where

| Authority control Edit this at Wikidata |
| --- |
| International | 
* VIAF

 |
| National | 
* Germany

 |
| Other | 
* İslâm Ansiklopedisi

 |
"Saint Michael" redirects here. For other uses, see Saint Michael (disambiguation).

**Michael** is an archangel in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic teachings. Roman Catholics, the Eastern Orthodox, Anglicans, and Lutherans call him "Saint Michael the Archangel" or simply "Saint Michael". Orthodox Christians call him the "Taxiarch Archangel Michael" or simply "Archangel Michael".

In english, *Michael* means "who is like God?". The Book of Daniel speaks of Michael three times. One time, it says he is a "great prince who stands up for the children of your people". Jews saw Michael as their supporter. They are normally not allowed to appeal to angels as a link between God and his people. However, Michael became important in Jewish liturgy.

In the New Testament Michael leads God's armies against Satan's forces in the Book of Revelation. During the war in heaven he defeats (*wins against*) Satan. In the Epistle of Jude Michael is called "the archangel Michael". Christian sanctuaries to Michael appeared in the 4th century. He was first seen as a healing angel. Later, Christians saw him as a protector (*someone who defends and helps*) and the leader of the army of God against the forces of evil. By the 6th century, devotions to Archangel Michael were common both in the Eastern and Western Churches. Over time, teachings on Michael began to change among Christians.
**Gumi** is the second largest city in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. It is in the mid central part of Gyeongsangbuk-do. The Nakdong River runs through the city. Gumi is well known for its National Industrial Complex which was built in the 1970s. Manufacturing is the major industry of Gumi now, but agriculture was the main one before the complex was built.

Tourist attractions
-------------------

Gumi is famous because Geumo Mountain (Geumo San) is there. Geumo San, designated as a provincial park in 1970, is 976 meters above sea level. It attracts many tourists because of its beautiful scenery; such as oddly formed rocks and strangely shaped stones, forests, and valleys. The mountain is best known for its unique shape. Seeing the mountain from a distance, it resembles the profile of a giant lying on the ground. It has become one of the favorite sites among photographers because it looks most spectacular at sunset. There are a variety of post cards with pictures of its side face of a giant.

People
------

Park Chung-hee is one of the former presidents of South Korea and he was born in Gumi in 1917. Gumi became prosperous during his presidential term. The Gyeongbu Expressway and Gyeongbu Line railway, which are the principal traffic routes of the country, were built to pass through the city. The routes could have been connected directly from Daejeon to Daegu. The rapid economic growth of Gumi resulted from the president’s care for his hometown.

Other websites
--------------

Gumi
**In Plenty and In Time of Need** is the national anthem of the country of Barbados. It was written by Irving Burgie. The music was written by C. Van Roland Edwards. As one part of the West Indies Federation Barbados' anthem was supposed to be Forged from the Love of Liberty. The current anthem was made with Barbados' moves toward independence. This song was then taken by Barbados when it became independent in 1966.

Lyrics
------

In plenty and in time of need,
When this fair land was young;
Our brave forefathers sowed the seed,
From which our pride was sprung.
A pride that makes no wanton boast,
Of what it has withstood;
That binds our hearts from coast to coast,
The pride of nationhood.
We loyal sons and daughters all,
Do hereby make it known;
These fields and hills beyond recall,
Are now our very own.
We write our names on history's page,
With expectations great;
Strict guardians of our heritage,
Firm craftsmen of our fate.
The Lord has been the people's guide,
For past three hundred years;
With Him still on the people's side,
We have no doubts or fears.
Upward and onward we shall go,
Inspired, exulting, free;
And greater will our nation grow,
In strength and unity.
We loyal sons and daughters all,
Do hereby make it known;
These fields and hills beyond recall,
Are now our very own.
We write our names on history's page,
With expectations great;
Strict guardians of our heritage,
Firm craftsmen of our fate.
**Lisa Gerrard** (born 12 April 1961) is an Australian musician, singer and composer who rose to fame as part of the group Dead Can Dance with former music partner Brendan Perry. 

Gerrard received a Golden Globe award and an Academy Award nomination for the score for the 2000 film *Gladiator* on which she teamed up with Hans Zimmer.

Vocal ability
-------------

Gerrard possesses the vocal range of a contralto, spanning from E3-F5. Her voice has been described as rich, deep, dark, mournful and unique.

She also has the ability to extend upwards into the dramatic mezzo-soprano range, examples of such would be on the songs *The Host of Seraphim*, *Elegy*, *Space Weaver*, *Come This Way* and *One Perfect Sunrise*. [*source?*] Gerrard however performs more predominantly in the dramatic contralto range in her other songs, *Sanvean*, *Sacrifice*, *Largo* and *Not Yet*.

Gerrard sings many of her songs, such as *Now We Are Free*, *Come Tenderness*, *Serenity*, *The Valley of the Moon*, *Tempest*, *Pilgrimage of Lost Children*, *Coming Home* and *Sanvean* in an idioglossia (an idiosyncratic language) that she has developed since the age of twelve.[*source?*]

 Lisa Gerrard in Paris, France 2009
Overview

The Australian Science and Mathematics School (ASMS) is a public, coeducational high school for students in grades 10-12, located at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia. Open to students from all over, including internationally, it aims to prepare them for university, focusing on science and math. The school promotes self-directed learning and a passion for education among both students and teachers.

---

School Features

Opened in 2003, ASMS has around 380 students and doesn't enforce a uniform policy to encourage cultural and social diversity. It benefits from a strong partnership with Flinders University, sharing many facilities and resources like the library and cafeteria. The school also collaborates on research projects through the Science and Technology Enterprise Partnership (STEP).

---

Curriculum

ASMS specializes in science and mathematics but provides a broad curriculum that meets the South Australian Certificate of Education (SACE) requirements. It features interdisciplinary studies for younger students and standard subjects for Year 12. Notably, the school organizes a "Field Trip Week" for practical learning experiences.

---

Adventure Space/Passion Project

For Year 10 and 11 students, ASMS offers the Passion Project (previously called Adventure Space), allowing them to explore areas such as dance, robotics, and paleontology. These projects, while not graded, offer students a chance to delve into personal interests and engage with the university environment.
***Goofy and Wilbur*** is an animated cartoon short. It was made by Walt Disney Productions. It was released by RKO Radio Pictures on March 17, 1939. It was the first cartoon with Goofy in a solo role without either Mickey Mouse or Donald Duck.

In this cartoon Goofy goes fishing with his pet grasshopper, Wilbur. They have nothing but bad luck. The smarter dog, Goofy, and his dumb insect friend catch fish in a fishing net using Wilbur as bait. This cartoon shows a lot of violence, because Wilbur is nearly, or perhaps actually, killed.

The cartoon is known for its 13 slapstick adventures during the eight minutes of action. It was released two years after *Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs* (1937) and a year before *Pinocchio* and *Fantasia* (both in 1940).

Plot
----

Goofy and his friend Wilbur, a tame grasshopper, team up for a fishing expedition. Goofy decides to use Wilber as bait, but he realizes too late that his friend might actually get eaten by a fish. Goofy has a boat he is rowing and a net, but no fishing rod. Wilbur, being a live bug, becomes the perfect choice for bait inside their fishing net, which will attract the fish as food.

Wilber's life depends on Goofy to save the little bug, who becomes the bait for a half-dozen fish. As Wilber gets tricked again and again, he is at last swallowed by a frog; then that frog gets eaten by a stork, all while Goofy desperately attempts a chasing rescue. In the end Wilbur hatches out of the stork egg, and to Goofy's relief, seems okay. It is not explained how Wilber ended up in the egg of the stork. One blog writer says: "I wonder if Goofy has had a psychotic break at the end of the cartoon, and the reappearance of Wilbur is simply a delusion."

Releases
--------

* 1939 – Original release in movie theaters
* 1956 – *Walt Disney anthology television series*, episode #2.22: "On Vacation" (TV)
* 1977 – *Donald Duck's Summer Magic* (in movie theaters)
* 1981 – "Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Cartoon Collections Volume Two" (on laserdisc)
* c. 1983 – *Good Morning, Mickey!*, episode #59 (TV)
* c. 1992 – *Mickey's Mouse Tracks*, episode #46 (TV)
* c. 1992 – *Donald's Quack Attack*, episode #32 (TV)
* c. 1997 – *The Ink and Paint Club*, episode #1.25: "Goofy Goofs Around" (TV)
* 2002 – "Walt Disney Treasures: Wave Two: The Complete Goofy" (on DVD)
* 2006 – "Walt Disney's Funny Factory with Goofy" (DVD)

Other websites
--------------

* *Goofy and Wilbur* on IMDb
**South Melbourne Football Club**, formerly called **South Melbourne Hellas**, is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in Albert Park, a suburb of Melbourne. The currently competes in the National Premier Leagues Victoria (NPL Victoria), and plays its home games at Lakeside Stadium.

South Melbourne was founded in 1965 by Greek Australians and has strong connections to Melbourne's Greek community, which is the largest in the world outside Greece.

During the National Soccer League (NSL) era between 1977 and 2007, South Melbourne were a very successful club. South Melbourne was one of only two clubs that competed in every season of the NSL (the other being Marconi Stallions). South Melbourne won the NSL four times, as well as many Dockerty Cups and Victorian State League titles. South Melbourne represented the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) at the first ever FIFA Club World Cup, held in 2000 in Brazil.

South Melbourne was chosen by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS) as the Oceanian Club of the 20th Century.

In 2023, South Melbourne was announced as one of the eight clubs that will compete in the first ever season of the National Second Division (NSD), the upcoming second level of the Australian soccer league system, in 2025.
Cosplayer as Drax the Destroyer.
**Drax the Destroyer** (**Arthur Sampson Douglas**) is a fictional character and superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and its universe. He was created by Mike Friedrich and Jim Starlin and first appeared in *The Invincible Iron Man* #55 in February of 1973.

He lost his family from the Mad Titan Thanos. His main goal was to defeat Thanos. Drax would become a hero and a member of the Guardians of the Galaxy, and is an ally of the Avengers.

Adaptations
-----------

Drax has been featured in a variety of associated Marvel merchandise, including animated television series, action figures, and video games. American actor Dave Bautista portrays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies *Guardians of the Galaxy* (2014), *Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2* (2017), *Avengers: Infinity War* (2018), *Avengers: Endgame* (2019), and *Thor: Love and Thunder* (2022) and *Guardians of the Galaxy: Holiday Special* (2022 television movie). Drax also appears in the Disney+ animated series *What If..?* (2021).

Source
------

* Some text was copied from Drax the Destroyer (Marvel) at Heroes Wiki, which is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license.
The **Rational root theorem** (or **rational zero theorem**) is a proven idea in mathematics. It says that if the coefficients of a polynomial are integers, then one can find all of the possible rational roots by dividing each factor of the constant term by each factor of the leading coefficient. [1][2]

Think about this polynomial:
{\displaystyle a\_{n}x^{n}+a\_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\cdots +a\_{0}=0}

All of the possible rational roots are these: ±factors of a0 / ±factors of an

This only finds the rational roots. There may be irrational or imaginary roots. Other theorems, such as Descartes’ rule of signs, help find how many imaginary roots there are for a given equation. [1]

Example
-------

Think about this polynomial: 15x4 + 2x3 – 10x2 + x – 8

Factors of the leading coefficient are: 15: ±1,±3,±5,±15

Factors of the constant are: -8: ±1,±2,±4,±8

Possible rational roots are: ±1/1, ±2/1, ±4/1, ±8/1, ±1/3, ±2/3, ±4/3, ±8/3, ±1/5, ±2/5, ±4/5, ±8/5, ±1/15, ±2/15, ±4/15, ±8/15
Kabaddi is a team sport from South Asia. 
Two teams are on opposite halves of a small field. They take turns sending a "raider" into the other half. This is to win points by tackling members of the opposing team. Then the raider tries to return to their own half. They hold their breath and chant the word "Kabaddi" during the whole raid. The raider must not cross the lobby unless they touch any of their opponents. If they do not touch anyone then they will be "out". There is also a bonus line. If the raider touches it and returns to their side of the field, they will get extra points. If the raider is not able to get back to their own side, then they are considered "out". RV -4416 

In the international team version of kabaddi, there are two teams of seven members and 4 are in substitution. Each is on opposite halves of a field of 10 m × 13 m in case of men and 8 m × 12 m in case of women. Each has three extra players held in reserve. The game is played with 20-minute halves. There is a five-minute half-time break when the teams change sides.

Teams take turns sending a "raider" to the opposite team's half. The goal is to tag or wrestle ("confine") members of the opposite team. Tagged members are "out" and temporarily sent off the field.

The goal of the defenders is to stop the raider from returning to the home side before taking a breath. If any of the seven players cross the lobby without touching the raider they will be declared "out".

The raider is sent off the field if:

* the raider takes a breath before returning or
* the raider crosses the boundary line or
* a part of the raider's body touches the ground outside the boundary (except during a struggle with an opposing team member).

Each time when a player is "out", the opposing team earns a point. A team scores a bonus of two points called a "lona". If the entire opposing team is declared "out". At the end of the game, the team with the most points wins.

Matches are based on age and weight. Six officials supervise a match: one referee, two umpires, a scorer and two assistant scorers.

the modernised version of Game was founded in Maharashtra. Kabaddi received International exposure in the 1937 Olympics, Demonstrated by India. The game was introduced in Indian Games in Calcutta 1938. Kabaddi is popularized by Sundar Ram of India in Japan, When he toured on behalf Asian Amateur Kabaddi Federation.

Kabaddi World Cup
-----------------

Men's World Cup 2004
The ***Kabaddi*** World Cup was first played in 2004. It was played again in 2007, 2010 and 2016. So far India is the unbeaten champion in Kabaddi World Cup. Iran is the next most successful nation being twice runner-up. South Korea was the runner-up in 2010.

Women's World Cup
The Women's Kabaddi World Cup was first played in 2012 in Patna, Bihar, India. India won the championship defeating Iran in the finals gold.

Other websites
--------------

* Media related to Kabaddi at Wikimedia Commons
**Arthropods** (Greek language for "joint-legged") are a large group of invertebrate animals. Insects, spiders, crabs, shrimp, millipedes, and centipedes are all arthropods. In the scientific classification, all arthropods are members of the phylum **Arthropoda**. Arthropods have segmented body, an exoskeleton and legs with joints. Most arthropods live on land, but some live in water. Arthropods have by far the greatest number of species of any animal group. Arthropods are a source of food for many animals, including humans.

Diversity
---------

Scientists know of more than 1 million species of arthropods. 80% of all known animal species are arthropods. Many more species have not yet been described.

Most arthropod species are insects. "Insects are the most diverse organisms in the history of life".

Most arthropods live on land. The phylum **Arthropoda** is the only phylum of invertebrates that mostly live on land. But crustaceans (crabs, shrimp and their relatives) mostly live in water.

Arthropods are also the first phylum to develop genuine flight.

Description
-----------

Arthropods have a hard exoskeleton. The exoskeleton reduces the loss of water (dessication). This helps them to live on land without drying out.

Classification
--------------

Arthropods are made up of four groups of living animals and one group of extinct animals:

1. **Chelicerates** include horseshoe crabs, spiders, mites, and scorpions.
2. **Myriapods** include millipedes and centipedes.
3. **Crustaceans** include lobsters, crabs, barnacles, crayfish and shrimp. Most crustaceans live in water.
4. **Hexapods** include insects and a few other organisms. Hexapods have six legs.
5. **Trilobites** are a group of extinct arthropods. Trilobites all lived in oceans. Trilobites disappeared in the Permian–Triassic extinction event, about 252 million years ago. The trilobites are the second most famous type of fossils, after the dinosaurs.

Images
------

* MillipedesMillipedes
* Spider, arachnidSpider, arachnid
* Blue crab, crustaceanBlue crab, crustacean
* Butterfly, insectButterfly, insect
The **Leader** (**Samuel Sterns**) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in *Tales to Astonish* #62 (December 1964), created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko as the archenemy of the Hulk.

He was a simple American worker in a chemical plant in a menial capacity until an accident working with radioactive material bombarded him with gamma radiation, turning his skin green and making his head grow. The radiation increased his intelligence to genius-level along with his ego and ambition to match. This led him into conflict with the Hulk becoming his self-proclaimed arch-enemy. Having died and being revived several times, the Leader became obsessed with the afterlife, having experimented with the Green Doors and learned of the existence of the One Below All and the Below-Place, though all of this would culminate in him being possessed and then ripped out of the entity, powerless and reduced to a normal human. In spite everything he had done, the Hulk forgave Sam and returned him to the Earthly Plane.

Adaptations
-----------

The character has been adapted from the comics into various forms of media, including television series and video games. Samuel Sterns made his cinematic debut in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) movie *The Incredible Hulk* (2008), portrayed by Tim Blake Nelson, and will return in *Captain America: Brave New World* (2024). In 2009, the Leader was ranked as IGN's 63rd Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time.
For use by police, see color of the day (police).
Figure of colors.
Thai astrology has a **color of the day** for each day of the week. The color is based on the color of the God who protects the day or Navagraha. For example, the God of Sunday is Surya which has as the red color. These colors of the day are the traditional Thai birthday colors. For example, King Bhumibol Adulyadej was born on Monday, so on his birthday places in Thailand will be decorated with the color yellow.

| Day | Color of the day | Planet | god of the day |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sunday | Yellow | Sun | Suriya |
| Monday | White | Moon | Chandra |
| Tuesday | Red | Mars | Mangala |
| Wednesday | green | Mercury | Budha |
| Thursday | orange | Jupiter | Brihaspati |
| Friday | pink | Venus | Shukra |
| Saturday | Black | Saturn | Shani |

This table above is based on the colours of the grah .

Related pages
-------------

* Color of the day (police)
* Thai solar calendar
* Royal Flags of Thailand

Other websites
--------------

* *Thai-Birthday*, United States Muay Thai Association, archived from the original on 2010-01-13, retrieved 2008-03-04
* Barrow, Richard, *What is your lucky color?*, Thai-Blogs.com, retrieved 2008-03-04
**Pearl Jam** is an American alternative rock band from Seattle, Washington. They formed in 1990. They were an important part of the grunge (or "Seattle sound") movement of the early 1990s, along with bands like Nirvana, Soundgarden, Stone Temple Pilots, and Alice in Chains. Pearl Jam has sold around 85 million records worldwide in 2018 and are usually named one of the greatest bands of the 90's.

After fellow Seattle band Mother Love Bone's lead singer, Andrew Wood, died in 1990, remaining members Stone Gossard and Jeff Ament went to look for a singer and a drummer for a new band. They came across Jack Irons which he soon passed on to Eddie Vedder, who worked at a gas station in California and occasionally surfed. He then recorded vocals for the songs "Alive", "Once", and "Footsteps". After he sent the demo to the members, Eddie flew to Seattle and joined the band.

The band is made up of lead singer Eddie Vedder, guitarists Mike McCready and Stone Gossard, bassist Jeff Ament, and drummer Matt Cameron. Along with keyboardist Boom Gaspar and guitarist Josh Klinghoffer as touring members. The band had five drummers, which were Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese, and Jack Irons. Matt Cameron has been Pearl Jam's drummer since 1998.

List of albums
--------------

### Studio albums

* 1991 - *Ten*
* 1993 - *Vs.*
* 1994 - *Vitalogy*
* 1996 - *No Code*
* 1998 - *Yield*
* 2000 - *Binaural*
* 2002 - *Riot Act*
* 2006 - *Pearl Jam*
* 2009 - *Backspacer*
* 2013 - *Lightning Bolt*
* 2020 - *Gigaton*
* 2024 - *Dark Matter*

### Compilation albums

* 2003 - *Lost Dogs*
* 2004 - *Rearviewmirror: Greatest Hits 1991-2003*
* 2011 - *Pearl Jam Twenty*

### Live albums

* 1998 - *Live on Two Legs*
* 2004 - *Live at Benaroya Hall*
* 2006 - *Live in NYC 12/31/92*
* 2006 - *Live at Easy Street*
* 2007 - *Live at the Gorge 05/06*
* 2007 - *Live at Lollapalooza 2007*
* 2011 - *Live on Ten Legs*
* 2011 - *9.11.2011 Toronto, Canada*
* 2011 - *Vault #1 Moore Theatre 1992*
* 2012 - *Vault #2 Vic Theatre, Chicago 2007*
* 2013 - *Vault #3 Constitution Hall, Washington D.C. 9/19/1998*
* 2015 - *Vault #4 Mount Baker Theatre, Bellingham, WA 5/10/2000*
* 2015 - *Vault #5 Alladin Theatre, Las Vegas 11/30/1993*
* 2016 - *Vault #6 Great Western Forum 7/13/1998*
* 2016 - *Live at Third Man Records*
* 2017 - *Let's Play Two*
69°38′54″N 18°59′14″E﻿ / ﻿69.6482°N 18.9871°E﻿ / 69.6482; 18.9871

Not to be confused with Tromsø Cathedral.
**The Arctic Cathedral**, also known as **Tromsdalen Church**, is a church in Tromsø Municipality in Norway. It is a part of the Tromsøysund parish and is managed by the Tromsø domprosti, which is responsible for a group of churches in the area. The church is also under the authority of the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.

The church was built in a long church style in 1965 using plans drawn up by architect Jan Inge Hovig. The church is made mainly of concrete and metal, and it has a seating capacity of approximately 600 people. The church was built by Ing. F. Selmer A/S Tromsø as the main contractor for the construction.

Despite being nicknamed the Ishavskatedralen or "The Cathedral of the Arctic Sea", it is important to note that the church is not a cathedral, but a parish church.

Design
------

The church is notable for its design and is one of the most notable churches in Tromsø. Tromsø has other notable churches, including the Protestant Tromsø Cathedral, which is the only wooden cathedral in Norway, and the Catholic Cathedral of Our Lady, Tromsø.

### History

The church was consecrated on 19 November 1965 by Bishop Monrad Norderval. The church is made out of cast-in-place aluminum-coated concrete panels and has a glass mosaic on the eastern side, made by Victor Sparre in 1972. The church acquired a new organ built by Grönlunds Orgelbyggeri in 2005 to replace the old organ delivered by Vestlandske Orgelverksted, Hareid in 1965.
69°38′55.45″N 18°57′24.32″E﻿ / ﻿69.6487361°N 18.9567556°E﻿ / 69.6487361; 18.9567556

Not to be confused with Arctic Cathedral.
**Tromsø Cathedral** is a church in Tromsø, Norway. It is made of wood and was built in 1861 in the Gothic Revival style by Christian Heinrich Grosch. The cathedral has a tower and a main entrance on the west side. It can seat 618 people but originally had almost 1000 seats. Tromsø Cathedral is important because it is the only cathedral in Norway made of wood. It is also the most northern Protestant cathedral in the world. The first church on the site was built in 1252 by King Haakon IV. Not much is known about the previous churches, but it is likely that there has been a church on the site since the 13th century. The present cathedral was consecrated in 1861 and cost about 10,000 Speciedalers to build. The interior of the cathedral is decorated with a copy of the painting "Resurrection" by Adolph Tidemand and stained glass windows designed by Gustav Vigeland.
**Timothy Donald "Tim" Cook** (born November 1, 1960) is the chief executive officer of Apple Inc.. He joined the company in March 1998. On August 24, 2011, he was made the CEO of Apple after the resignation of Steve Jobs, who died on October 5, 2011 from pancreatic cancer.

Early and personal life
-----------------------

Cook grew up in Robertsdale, Alabama, near Mobile. His father was a shipyard worker, and his mother was a homemaker. Cook finished high school at Robertsdale High School, earned a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Auburn University in 1982, and his M.B.A. from Duke University's Fuqua School of Business in 1988.

Career
------

Cook spent six months at Compaq as the Vice President for Corporate Materials before he was hired by Steve Jobs to join Apple. At first, he was the Senior Vice President for Worldwide Operations. Before that, Cook was the chief operating officer (COO) of the computer reseller division of Intelligent Electronics and spent 12 years in IBM's personal computer business as the director of North American Fulfillment.

Cook is praised for pulling Apple out of working by closing factories and warehouses around the world. This helped the company get lower inventory levels and make its supply chain easy, making margins a lot bigger. In January 2007, Cook was promoted to COO.

Cook served as Apple CEO for two months in 2004, when Jobs was healing from pancreatic cancer surgery. In 2009, Cook was made Apple CEO again for several months while Jobs had to leave for a liver transplant.

In January 2011, Apple's Board of Directors allowed Jobs to leave again for medical reasons. During that time, Cook was responsible for most of Apple’s day-to-day operations while Jobs made most big decisions. After Jobs retired, Cook was made permanent CEO of Apple on August 25, 2011.

Cook is also on the board of directors of Nike.

Other websites
--------------


Wikimedia Commons has media related to ***Tim Cook***.

* Executive Biography of Tim Cook at Apple
**Angels and Airwaves** (**AvA**) is an American alternative rock band. It was formed by Blink-182 singer and guitarist, Thomas DeLonge. The band’s current active lineup as a core trio, consists of Delonge, guitarist David Kennedy and drummer and bassist Ilan Rubin.

DeLonge created the band angels and airwaves to bring good music to people ears. The band performed amazing live performances and was well liked by Delonge's fans. Most of the songs have long built up intros with guitars, synthesizer, drums and keyboards. Delonge showed over time that his live voice had improved since his time singing for Blink 182. 

Angels and Airwaves released their first album, *We Don't Need To Whisper* in 2005. The second studio album, *I-Empire* was released in October 2007. It was a more lighthearted album with a faster beat. AvA has toured very much. They have said that they will be playing for the second year in a row at Vans Warped tour. They will be playing the entire tour. 

Seven years after The Dream Walker (2014), Angels and Airwaves released their 6th album, Lifeforms. 

DeLonge has covered a few songs from Blink 182 but he has never played the full song in respect to his former band mates. He has played slowed versions of "Down", "I Miss You", "Not Now", and "Reckless Abandon". He only plays these songs by himself with his guitar.

Discography
-----------

* We Don't Need to Whisper (2006)
* I-Empire (2007)
* Love (2010)
* Love: Part Two (2011)
* The Dream Walker (2014)
* Lifeforms (2021)