"Pisang-pisangan" dilencongkan ke sini. Untuk tumbuhan jenis Heliconia, lihat sepit udang.

**Musaceae** atau **pisang-pisangan** ialah keluarga tumbuhan berbunga yang terdiri daripada tiga genus merangkumi sekitar 91 spesies, terletak dalam order Zingiberales. Keluarga ini tempatan dari Afrika dan Asia tropika.

Pokok pisang dijadikan sumber makanan dan untuk kegunaan harian. Buah *Musa x paradisiaca* boleh dimakan mentah atau setelah dimasak manakala umbutnya turut dijadikan rampaian dalam masakan oleh penduduk tempatan. Pokok serendah cina (*Chinese dwarf banana*) atau *Musella lasiocarpa* pula sesuai dijadikan tanaman hiasan.

Penerangan
----------

Perbungaan atau jantung pisang.
Pisang-pisangan ialah tumbuhan herba berukuran besar, yang mempunyai rimpang dan umbisi bawah tanah yang pendek, beserta batang semu tegak yang terbentuk daripada lapisan upih daun. Daunnya pula ringkas, tersusun keliling, dengan upih khusus berbentuk tabung, tangkai daun panjang atau tiada, berbentuk lonjong atau bujur, dengan tulang teras tersendiri.

Perbungaannya yang sering disebut "jantung" berbentuk tidak tentu, terletak berjuntai atau tegak, tandan malainya luas dengan selingan atau pintalan besar, dan mempunyai seludang atau kelopak jantung bak perahu. Bunganya sejantina dan berumah tunggal (*monoecious*), setangkup cermin, dan jarang terdiri daripada dua jantina. Buahnya pula berbentuk lonjong torak, selalunya berisi tebal, dan berwarna kuning atau kemerahan; mempunyai benih berkelebaran dalam 5-15 mm.

Taksonomi
---------

Sistem APG III pada 2009 (yang tidak digantikan daripada sistem APG, 1998), memasukkan Musaceae ke dalam order Zingiberales dalam klad kommelinid dalam monokot.

|  |
| --- |
| Kladogram: Filogeni Zingiberales |
| 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Zingiberales | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|   | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|   | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Zingiberineae | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Zingiberariae | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|   | Zingiberaceae |
|   |
|   | Costaceae |
|   |

 |
|   |
| Cannariae | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|   | Cannaceae |
|   |
|   | Marantaceae |
|   |

 |
|   |

 |
|   |
|   | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Strelitziineae | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|   | Lowiaceae |
|   |
|   | Strelitziaceae |
|   |

 |
|   |
|   | Heliconiaceae |
|   |

 |
|   |

 |
|   |

 |
|   |
|   | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|   | Musaceae |
|   |

 |
|   |

 |
|   |

 |
|  |

### Genus

Serendah cina atau pisang teratai emas, *Musella lasiocarpa*.
Keluarga ini dapat dipecahkan kepada tiga genus utama. Genus *Musella* kadang-kadang turut diletakkan di bawah *Ensete*. Dalam penggolongan awal pula genus *Ravenala* (pisang kipas) turut disebut Musaceae.

* *Ensete* Bruce – pisang semu
* *Musa* L. – pisang
* *Musella* (Franch.) C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li – serendah, pisang kerdil

Lihat juga
----------

* Pisang
* Jantung pisang
* Daun pisang

Rujukan
-------

1. ↑  Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". *Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society*. **161** (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
2. ↑  Tim Penyusun Kamus PS (2013), *KAMUS PERTANIAN UMUM*, Penebar Swadaya Grup, m/s. 401, ISBN 9790025939
3. ↑  Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". *Phytotaxa*. Magnolia Press. **261** (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
4. 1 2  Musaceae Juss. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science (Arcoding to Neotropikey)
5. ↑  Sass et al 2016. sfn error: no target: CITEREFSass\_et\_al2016 (help)
6. ↑  Wilkin, Paul; Demissew, Sebsebe; Willis, Kathy; Woldeyes, Feleke; Davis, Aaron P.; Molla, Ermias L.; Janssens, Steven; Kallow, Simon; Berhanu, Admas (2019). "Enset in Ethiopia: a poorly characterized but resilient starch staple". *Annals of Botany* (dalam bahasa Inggeris). **123** (5): 747–766. doi:10.1093/aob/mcy214. PMC 6526316. PMID 30715125.