**1-a pozicija** 

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| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
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| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
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| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

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| **Taisyklingasis matas**. |

**Taisyklingasis matas** – tai toks matas, kuris vienu metu atitinka *grynojo* ir *taupiojo* mato reikalavimus

Tai *grynojo mato* padėtis, kur karalius ne tik matuojamas, bet ir visi tušti laukeliai, esantys šalia jo, matuojančios pusės atakuojami tik vieną kartą, o šalia karaliaus laukelius, blokuojančios figūros, kai jų prieš matuojant nebūtina surišti, nėra puolamos. 

Matuojančios pusės visos figūros, išskyrus karalių ir pėstininkus turi aktyviai dalyvauti formuojant matinį tinklą.

Panašus yra idealusis matas, kuris skiriasi nuo taisyklingojo tuo, kad, matuojant karalių, privalo dalyvauti visos tiek baltųjų tiek juodųjų figūros. 

Tai iliustruoja sekančios keturios pozicijos.

**1-a pozicija.** Pozicijai būdinga tai, kad laisvus laukelius šalia juodųjų karaliaus baltieji kontroliuoja tik po kartą. Juodųjų figūros, blokuojančios laukelius šalia savo karaliaus, baltųjų figūrų nėra puolamos. Baltųjų karaliui ir pėstininkams, kuriant matinį tinklą, neprivalu dalyvauti. Visi reikalavimai išlaikomi - ir juodųjų karaliui skelbiamas **taisyklingasis matas**. 

**2-a pozicija.** Kaip ir pirmojoje pozicijoje, laisvus laukelius šalia juodųjų karaliaus baltieji kontroliuoja tik po kartą viena figūra. Skirtumas nuo 1-os poz. tai, kad šalia savo karaliaus esantį juodųjų žirgą, kuris netrukdo mato skelbimui, yra surišęs baltųjų rikis, todėl matas nėra nei **grynasis**, nei *taupusis*, o tik *paprastas* matas.

**3-ia pozicija.** Matas - **taisyklingas** nors šalia karaliaus esantis bokštas yra surištas. Bokštas laukelyje e4 trukdo žirgu iš laukelio f4 skelbti matą juodųjų karaliui, todėl surišimas rikiu yra pateisinamas.

**4-a pozicija.** Skirtumas nuo 1-osios - neliko juodųjų figūrų šalia juodųjų karaliaus. Atlaisvintuosius laukelius kontroliuoja baltųjų bokštas. Tačiau matas laikomas tik **taupiuoju** matu, nes jis neišlaiko *grynajam* matui keliamų reikalavimų: šalia juodųjų karaliaus esantį laukelį **c4** atakuoja dvi baltųjų figūros: valdovė ir bokštas.


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  **2-a poz.** 

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| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

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| **Matas** |

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  **3-ia poz.** 

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| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

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| **Taisyklingasis matas.** |

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  **4-a poz.** 

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| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

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| **Taupusis matas** |

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Taisyklingieji matai retai sutinkami, žaidžiant šachmatų partijas: tik retkarčiais partijų baigmėse. Jie daugiau naudojami, komponuojant šachmatų uždavinius ir etiudus, suteikdami jiems žavumo ir keldami šachmatų kompozicijų vertę.

Istorija
--------

Taisyklingasis matas randamas viduramžiuose (8 a.-9 a.) mansubose, lažybų šachmatų uždaviniuose (14 a.), Filypo Stamos, Erkolio del Rio (18 a.) rinkiniuose. 

Tačiau didesnio dėmesio šachmatų uždaviniuose taisyklingasis matas susilaukė XIX a. pirmojoje pusėje.

Pirmasis į taisyklingojo mato grožį atkreipė dėmesį vokiečių šachmatininkas Julius Mendheimas (*Julius Mendheim;* 1781-1836 m.), kuris 1814 m. Berlyne išleido savo uždavinių (dauguma jų su taisyklingaisiais matais) rinkinį "Kišeninė knygutė šachmatų mėgėjams". Ten pat, 1832 m. jis išleido knygos "Uždaviniai šachmatininkams" 2-ą papildomą leidimą.

Antrasis, kūręs uždavinius su taisyklingaisias matais buvo vokiečių šachmatininkas Pjeras Ogiustas D’Orvilis (*Pierre Auguste d'Orville*; 1804-1864), 1842 m. Vokietijoje išleidęs savo 250 uždavinių su taisyklingaisiais matais rinkinį.

Taisyklingieji matai išpopuliarėjo čekiškosios šachmatų kompozicijos mokyklos klestėjimo laikotarpiu: trijų ir daugiau ėjimų šachmatų uždaviniuose.

Čekų mokyklos uždaviniuose daugiausia dėmesio skirta taisyklingųjų matų kokybei ir baltųjų figūrų panaudojimui. Kuriami ypatingo taupumo uždaviniai, kuriuose nėra žaidžiančių baltųjų pėstininkų. Ir tokių uždavinių esminis bruožas - taisyklingi matai. Žymiausias šios mokyklos atstovas – M. Havelas.

Uždavinių pavyzdžiai
--------------------

Taisyklingasis matas sutinkamas: tiesioginiuose, sutarto mato,
pasakiškuose,
atvirkščio mato, 
ir retro šachmatų uždaviniuose bei šachmatų etiuduose. 

Rumunų šachmatų kompozitoriaus  **Volfgango Pauliaus** (*Wolfgang Pauly*; 1876 – 1934 m.) keturių ėjimų uždavinys sprendžiamas 1. Ba7! Vienintelis: netinka 1. Bb7? Ke5 e7 Kd6! e8B Kc6 ir mato sekančiu ėjimu nėra, panašiai būtų ir po 1. Bh7? Ke5 2. e7 Kf6! 3.Be8 Kg6. Uždavinys nėra daugiafazis, neturi teminių variantų. Jam meninę vertę suteikia trys variantai su taisyklingais matais. 

Olandų šachmatų kompozitoriaus **Jano Hartongo** ( *Jan Hartong*; 1902 – 1987) sutarto mato uždavinyje, kurį pradeda juodieji, panaudota Grimšo tema tiek baltosioms tiek juodosioms figūroms. 

Vokiečių šachmatų kompozitoriaus **Manfredo Ernsto** (*Mandfred Ernst*; gim. 1938) 5-ių ėjimų atvirkščio mato uždavinys sprendžiamas, naudojant ilgiausių ėjimų uždavinių taisykles, kur juodiesiems privaloma eiti ilgiausią ėjimą, o baltiesiems – ne. 


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  **Volfgangas Paulis**  *Deutsche Schachblätter* 1916

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|  **#4**  *Tiesioginis matas* keturiais ėjimais. Taisyklingasis matas.
1. Ba7! Ke5 2. e7 Ke6 3. e8Ž Ke5 4. Be7#
2. ... Kd6 3. e8B Kc6 4. Be6#
2. ... Kf6 3. e8B Kg6 4. Be6# |

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  **Janas Hartongas**    *Problemblat* 1972

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| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

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|  **H#2**  *Sutartas matas* dviem ėjimais. Du sprendiniai. Grimšo tema. Taisyklingi matai 

1) 1. Be3 Bd7+ 2. Ke6 Žd4#
2) 1. Re3 Rd7 2. Kd8 Rf6# |

 |  |  | 
  **Manfred Ernst**  *652 Gaudium 113* 2011

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| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

 |  |
|  |

 |
| **S#5**  *Atvirkščias matas* penkiais ėjimais. Du sprendiniai. Ilgiausių ėjimų uždavinys. Taisyklingieji matai.
1. Be4 Ve8 2. Bf4 Ve1 3. Bf8+ Ve8 4. Bg8 Vb8 5. Bg5 Vh2#
1. Ba2 Va7 2. Ba6 Kb7 3. Ba3 Ve3 4. Bb3+ Vb6 5. Bg3 Vh6# |

 |

Šaltiniai
---------

1. ↑   Шахматы. Энциклопедический словарь / гл. ред. А. Е. Карпов. – М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. – С. 314 – ISBN 5-85270-005-3
2. ↑  „Model mate" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 12 d..
3. ↑  Antanas Vilkauskas. Šachmatų kompozicijos pagrindai. Vilnius: Mintis, 2002.— P. 304-305.
4. ↑  „Pierre Auguste d'Orville (15-05-1804 - 11-11-1864) German composer" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
5. ↑  П. Зелепукин. Словаръ шахматной композиции. Киев: Здоровье, 1982. С. 129.
6. ↑  Antanas Vilkauskas. Šachmatų kompozicijos pagrindai. Vilnius: Mintis, 2002.— P.70-73.
7. ↑  „Trijų ėjimų tiesioginiai uždaviniai su taisyklinguoju matu" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
8. ↑  „Sutarto mato uždaviniai su taisyklinguoju matu" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
9. ↑  „Pasakiški uždaviniai su taisyklinguoju matu" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
10. ↑  „Atvirkščio mato uždaviniai su taisyklinguoju matu" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
11. ↑  „Retrouždaviniai su taisyklinguoju matu" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
12. ↑  „Etiudai su taisyklinguoju matu" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 18 d..
13. ↑  „Wolfgang Pauly (15-08-1876 - 03-03-1934) Romanian composer" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 17 d..
14. ↑  „Jan Hartong (11-02-1902 - 29-01-1987) Dutch composer and International Master (Honoris Causa)" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 14 d..
15. ↑  „Ernst Manfred" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 14 d..
16. ↑  „Wolfgang Pauly" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 17 d..
17. ↑  „Jan Hartong" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 14 d..
18. ↑  „Manfred Ernst" (vokiečių). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. lapkričio 14 d..

Nuorodos
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Taisyklingojo mato šachmatų uždaviniai

Torstenas Cirkvicas. Trumpas įvadas į Bohemijos mokyklos šachmatų uždavinius Archyvuota kopija 2013-11-09 iš Wayback Machine projekto.