**Laslo Šoras**    
*Comm. Western Daily Mercury*  
 1920

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|  **#2**  *Tiesioginis matas* dviem ėjimais. Šoro tema.
**1.f3!** grasina: 2.fxe#
1… Žf3 2.Vg6#
1… Žg4 2. Vxd3# |

**Šoro tema** – tai šachmatų kompozicijos tema. Ji naudojama, kuriant uždavinius.

Baltieji susiriša savo figūrą, kartu atrišdami juodųjų figūrą, kuri teminiuose variantuose, gindama juodųjų karalių nuo mato, atriša surištąją baltųjų figūrą.

Istorija
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Temą 1920 m. pasiūlė vengrų šachmatų kompozitorius Laslo Šoras (*Laszlo Schor*, 1897–1984)
.

Uždavinių pavyzdžiai
--------------------

Uždaviniams būdinga, kad juose baltieji patys atriša juodųjų figūrą bei susiriša savo, kartu sukurdami mato grėsmę juodųjų karaliui. Juodieji nuo grėsmės gintis gali atrištąja figūra, tačiau ji, gindamasi užstoja baltųjų figūros surišimo linijas ir taip atriša ją. Išlaisvintoji baltųjų figūra matuoja juodųjų karalių.

Vėlesnis vengrų šachmatų kompozitoriaus Laslo Šoro uždavinys iliustruoja nagrinėjamos temos ypatumus.

Pirmu ėjimu **1. Vxg4** baltieji išlaisvina nuo surišimo juodųjų žirgą laukelyje **e4**, susiriša savo valdovę ir sukuria mato grėsmę: **2. Žf3#.**

Be to, antrojoje horizontalėje dar yra surišta baltųjų figūra – tai juodųjų bokšto surištas baltųjų pėstininkas.

Juodieji laukelį **f3** gali ginti, atrištuoju žirgu eidami **1…Žg5**, bet tada jie atriša baltųjų valdovę, kuri skelbia matą juodųjų karaliui **2.Vd4#.**

Laukelį **f3** galima ginti ir ėjimu **1…Žd2**, bet tada atrišamas baltųjų pėstininkas, kuris ir matuoja: **2.f4#**.

Valdovės kirtimas juodųjų negelbsti: **1…B×g4+ 2.Ž×g4#.**

Rusų šachmatų kompozitoriaus Semiono Levmano ( *Левман, Семён Семёнович*, 1896–1942)
uždavinyje panaudota Šoro tema. Baltųjų karalius ėjimu **1.Kf5** pats susiriša savo dvi figūras: **Be4** ir **Že6** bei atriša juodųjų žirgą **e5**. Baltieji po pirmojo ėjimo grasina matu – **2. Vc5#**.

Juodieji nuo grėsmės ginasi atrištuoju žirgu, bet tai išlaisvina prieš tai baltųjų susirištąsias figūras, kurios skelbia matą juodųjų karaliui: **1…Žd7 2.Žf4# ; 1…Žd3 2.Bd4#**


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| 
 **L. Šoras**   *Tijdschrift vd NSB*  1928

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|  **#2**  *Tiesioginis matas* dviem ėjimais. Šoro tema.
**1.V×g4!** grasina: 2.Žf3# 
1...Žd2 2.f4# 
1...Žg5 2.Vd4# 
1...B×g4+ 2.Ž×g4#

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  **J. Rosomacha**  *Зад. и этюды (51/3735)*2010

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|  **#2**  *Tiesioginis matas* dviem ėjimais. Šoro ir Hanelijaus temos.
1. Vf4? Grasina: [2. V:d4, Ve5#]
Pan. 1... Re4! 
1. Vg1? Grasina: [2. Vc1#]
Pan.1... Re6! 
**1. V:e3!** grasina: 2. Ve5#
1... Re4 2. Vc1#
1... Re6 2. V:d4#
1... d:e3 2. d4#
1... Žd7/c6 2. Ža6#
1... R:d3+ 2. Ž:d3# |

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 **S. Levmanas**  *Bristol Times and Mirror* 1928

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| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
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|  **#2**  *Tiesioginis matas* dviem ėjimais. Šoro tema.

1.Žd8?? grasina:2.Vc6#/Vc5#,
paneigimas : 1...Bxa6!
**1.Kf5!** grasina: 2.Vc5#
1...Žd7 2.Žf4#
1...Bc2/Žd3 2.Bd4#
1...Rxe6+ 2.Vxe6#
1...Žb3/Vb4/Vc1/Vc2 2.Žb4#
1...Vxe4+ 2.fxe4#
1...Bxc7 2.Žxc7# |

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Šaltiniai
---------

1. ↑  „Schor, Laszlo" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. rugsėjo 2 d..
2. ↑   Antanas Vilkauskas. Šachmatų kompozicijos pagrindai. Vilnius: Mintis, 2002.— P. 238.
3. ↑  П. Зелепукин. Словаръ шахматной композиции. Киев: Здоровье, 1982. С. 169.
4. ↑  „László Schór (13-12-1897 - 01-12-1984) Hungarian composer" (anglų). Suarchyvuota iš originalo 2013-12-23. Nuoroda tikrinta 2020 m. rugpjūčio 16 d..`{{cite web}}`: CS1 priežiūra: netinkamas URL (link)
5. ↑  „Семён Семёнович Левман (09-11-1896 - 31-03-1942) Russian composer" (anglų). Suarchyvuota iš originalo 2014-12-25. Nuoroda tikrinta 2020 m. rugpjūčio 16 d..`{{cite web}}`: CS1 priežiūra: netinkamas URL (link)
6. ↑  „Schór, László" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. rugsėjo 3 d..
7. ↑  „Россомахо, Яков Вульфович" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. rugsėjo 3 d..
8. ↑  „Левман, Семён Семёнович" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2018 m. liepos 24 d..

Nuorodos
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Šoro tema sukurti šachmatų uždaviniai