**Isardamo šachmatai** (angl. *Isardam chess*) – tai atvirkščia Madraso šachmatų atmaina. Figūros vaikšto, kerta pagal tradicinių šachmatų taisykles. Tik neleidžiami ėjimai ir pozicijos, kuriose figūros būtų pagal Madraso šachmatų sąlygas paralyžiuotos. Jeigu laukelis, kuriame stovi karalius, yra apgintas savos figūros, tai karaliaus puolimas tokia pačia figūra yra nelaikomas šachu.

Galima surišti šachuojančią figūrą tokiu būdu, kad kertant karalių jos pasitraukimas vestų prie figūrų paralyžiaus. Karalius gali eiti į laukelį, kuriame būtų toks šachas.

**F.H. von Meyenfeld** 
*The Problemist* 1989

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| a8 | b8 | c8 | d8 | e8 | f8 | g8 | h8 |
| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

 |  |
|  |

 |
| **h#2**  *Sutartas matas dviem ėjimais*
**Dvigubas**
**Isardamo šachmatai**
j) 1.Ke7 Vc7 2.Vf7 Kd8#
b) 1.Kd7 Vh3 2.Vc8 Ke7# |

Isardamo šachmatų taisyklės dažniausiai naudojamos kuriant tiesioginius, sutarto mato, serijinius ar retrouždavinius.

Isardamo šachmatų nuostatos panaudojamos ne tik uždaviniuose sudarytuose tradicinėmis, bet ir su  pasakiškomis figūromis. Dalyvauja konkursuose. Geriausi įtraukiami į FIDE albumus.

Užrašai
-------

Sutrumpintas šachmatų uždavinių tarptautinis žymėjimas prasideda trumpiniu, kuris užduotyje rašomas, nurodant uždavinio tipą ir ėjimų skaičių. Toliau seka sprendinių ar dvynių skaičius.

Kai uždaviniai sudaryti pagal pasakiškų šachmatų taisykles, tai, pagal kokias, pažymima naujos eilutės viduryjeː pav. **Isardamo šachmatai.**

Isardamo uždavinių istorija
---------------------------

Isardamo šachmatų taisykles 1988 m. pasiūlė olandų šachmatų kompozitorius F. H. von Meijenfeldas (*Frederick Hendrick von Meyenfeld*).

Isardamo uždaviniai
-------------------

Nagrinėjant M. Ritirscho šachmatų uždavinį išryškėja Isardamo šachmatų ypatumai. Žaidimas vyksta, vengiant figūras paralyžiuojančių padėčių. Uždavinyje abu karalius atakuoja priešininko figūros, tačiau šacho jiems nėra, nes juos gina vienarūšės, kaip ir atakuojančios, figūros: karalių nukirtus, susidarytų vienarūšių figūrų paralyžius.

 **M. Ritirschas**
*Die Schwalbe*, 2-a vieta 1999

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| a8 | b8 | c8 | d8 | e8 | f8 | g8 | h8 |
| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

 |  |
|  |

 |
| **H#2** *Sutartas matas dviem ėjimais* 2 sprendiniai
 **Isardamo šachmatai**.
I.1.Žc3 c8V 2.e1R e8B#
II.1.Ždf2 cxb8R 2.exf1B e8V# |

**Pirmasis sprendinys**. Matas juodiesiems galimas, aukštinant **e** pėstininką į bokštą ar valdovę, todėl būtina užstoti **Rb2** veikimo įstrižainę. Bet po žirgo ėjimo į laukelį **c3**, juodiesiems atsiranda galimybė užstoti karalių ėjimu **2.Že4**. Juodieji tai išsprendžia, paaukštindami pėstininką **e** į rikį. Dabar žirgas negali pajudėti, nes įvyktų rikių paralyžius.

Baltiesiems aukštinti pėstininką į bokštą laukelyje **c** negalima – dėl bokštų paralyžiaus. Aukštinimas į valdovę geresnis, nes juodųjų valdovė negalės savo karaliaus užstoti laukelyje e6: toks juodųjų ėjimas negalimas dėl valdovių paralyžiaus.

Antruoju ėjimu baltiesiems aukštinti **e** pėstininką į valdovę netinka, nes juodieji galėtų gintis ėjimu **3.g1V**: pagal žaidimo sąlygas juodųjų valdovei, ginant karalių, nuo baltųjų valdovės jam šachas negresia. Todėl baltieji **e** pėstininką aukština į bokštą, kuris skelbia matą juodųjų karaliui.

Netiko vietoj ėjimo žirgu paeiti rikiu – **1. Rc1**, nes po ėjimo **2. e8B** juodieji per atsidariusią statmeną turėtų gynybinį ėjimą **3. Bb3**, po kurio, baltųjų bokšto šachas iš laukelio **e8** negaliotų.

**Antrasis sprendinys**. Jame situacija aiškesnė. Juodieji ėjimu **1.Žf2** užstoja įstrižainę, likviduodami galimą juodųjų gynybą nuo valdovės šacho ėjimu **3.g1V**. Lieka neužstota **Rb2** veikimo įstrižainė. Dėl to baltieji **c** pėstininką aukština į rikį **2.cxb8R** apsisaugodami nuo galimo karaliaus užstojimo rikiu laukelyje **e5**: tai būtų paralyžius.

Juodieji aukština laukelyje **f1** pėstininką į bokštą, atimdami iš žirgo galimybę dėl bokštų paralyžiaus užstoti nuo šacho karalių. Dabar baltieji gali aukštinti savo **e** pėstininką į valdovę, nes dėl paralyžiaus užstojimas juodųjų valdove yra negalimas. O pėstininko aukštinimas į bokštą netinka dėl juodųjų valdovės užstojimo.

Dar keletas uždavinių, kuriuose panaudotos Isardamo šachmatų taisyklės.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 
 **Mišelis Kelju**
*1.pl LP* 2008

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| a8 | b8 | c8 | d8 | e8 | f8 | g8 | h8 |
| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

 |  |
|  |

 |
| **#2** *Tiesioginis matas dviem ėjimais.* **Isardamo šachmatai**
1.b8R! Grėsmėː 2.Re5# 
1... Vd6 2.Žd5#
1... Bc7 2.Že6# 
1... Žc7 2.Že2#
1... Va7+ 2.Rxa7# |

 |  | 
 **Mišelis Kelju**
*17 The Problemist* 1997

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| a8 | b8 | c8 | d8 | e8 | f8 | g8 | h8 |
| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

 |  |
|  |

 |
| **#2** *Tiesioginis matas dviem ėjimais.*
**Isardamo šachmatai**.
1.h7-h8R! grėsmėsː 2.g7-g8Ž#,2. g7-g8B#, 2.g7-g8V#, 2.g7-g8R#
1.... Ra2xb1 2.g7-g8Ž#
1.... d2-d1Ž 2.g7-g8Ž#
1.... d2-d1B 2.g7-g8B#
1.... d2-d1V 2.g7-g8V#
1.... d2-d1R 2.g7-g8R#  |

 |  | 
 **Erichas Bartelis**
*K2869 Problemkiste* 2007

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 

|  |
| --- |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| a8 | b8 | c8 | d8 | e8 | f8 | g8 | h8 |
| a7 | b7 | c7 | d7 | e7 | f7 | g7 | h7 |
| a6 | b6 | c6 | d6 | e6 | f6 | g6 | h6 |
| a5 | b5 | c5 | d5 | e5 | f5 | g5 | h5 |
| a4 | b4 | c4 | d4 | e4 | f4 | g4 | h4 |
| a3 | b3 | c3 | d3 | e3 | f3 | g3 | h3 |
| a2 | b2 | c2 | d2 | e2 | f2 | g2 | h2 |
| a1 | b1 | c1 | d1 | e1 | f1 | g1 | h1 |

 |  |
|  |

 |
| **Ser#10** *Serijinių ėjimų šachmatų uždavinys. Matas per 10 ėjimų*
**Isardamo šachmatai.**
1.c4 2.c5 3.c6 4 c7 5.c8R 6.Rb7 7.Rd5 8.Rg8 9.Rh7 10.Žf8# |

 |

Šaltiniai

1. ↑  „PDB serveris: svarbiausi terminai" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2020 m. rugpjūčio 17 d..
2. ↑  „Frederick Hendrick von Meyenfeld" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2020 m. rugpjūčio 17 d..
3. ↑  Я. Владимиров. 1000 шахматных загадок. М: Астрелъ, 2004. – С.249-250.
4. ↑   Antanas Vilkauskas. Fantazija ir harmonija. Klaipėda: Jokužio leidykla, 2013.— P. 179–181.
5. ↑  „Problemisto lyga 2008 m. 3-ias ratas: Isardamo dviejų ėjimų uždaviniai" (PDF) (anglų). Suarchyvuotas originalas (PDF) 2008-10-31. Nuoroda tikrinta 2017 m. gegužės 22 d..
6. ↑  „Michel Caillaud" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2020 m. rugpjūčio 17 d..
7. ↑  „PDB serveris: 28 - P1194948 Erichas Bartelis" (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2017 m. gegužės 22 d..

Nuorodos
* Isardamo šachmatų uždaviniai
* Isardamo šachmatų uždaviniai (Mikroweb)

 |