*Sepioteuthis sepioidea*

---

**Animalia** — Mollusca

Classis : Cephalopoda   
Subclassis : Coleoidea   
Neocoleoidea   
Superordo : **Decapodiformes**   
Leach, 1817  
   
Palaeontologia

Devoniano ineunte – Recens 
praeЄ







Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
I
K
Pg
N
**Expression error: Unexpected < operator.**
**Expression error: Unexpected < operator.**

Subdivisiones: Ordines\*Myopsida 
* Oegopsida d'Orbigny, 1845
* Sepiida Zittel, 1895
* Spirulida Stolley, 1919
* Teuthida Naef, 1916 (*nomen dubium*)
* Decapodiformes incertae sedis
	+ Bathyteuthoidea Vecchione, Young, & Sweeney, 2004
	+ Idiosepiidae Appellöf, 1898

Synonyma
\*Decembrachiata Winckworth, 1932

**Decapodiformes** (Graece 'decem crura') sunt superordo molluscorum classis Cephalopodorum, quibus sunt corpora praelonga, oculi magni, octo membra, duoque tentacula. Omnium cephalopodorum aliorum similes, caput distinctum, symmetriam bilateralem, amiculumque habent. Corpora plerumque sunt mollia, sicut corpora octopodorum, sed parvum et bacilliformem sceletum internum habent, gladium appellatum, ex chitina factum.

Decapodiformes, qui ab aliis cephalopodis aevo Iurassico deflexerunt, similes teleosteorum partes praedatorum magnitudinis morumque similium in aqua aperta agunt. Partes magni momenti in cibaria aquae apertae catena agunt. Praedam duobus tentaculis capiunt, octoque membris tenent et continent. Rostrum cibum in frustis ad facile vorandum minutatim concidit. Decapodiformes propulsione cinetica rapide natant, et praedam plerumque visu inveniunt. Inter invertebrata maxime intellegentia numerantur; greges quidem *Dosidicorum gigantium* una venari observati sunt. Praeda sunt selachimorphorum, piscium, avium maritimarum, pinnipediorum, cetaceorum, praecipue *Physeterorum macrocephalorum.*

Decapodiformes colores commutare possunt ad dissimulandum et signandum. Nonnullae species bioluminescentes luce dissimulantes utuntur, multaeque species nubem atramenti eicere possunt ad praedatores distrahendos et eludendos.

Homines decapodiformes edunt, et piscatoria mercatoria in Iaponia, Mari Mediterraneo, Oceano Atlantico meridiano et occidentali, Oceano Pacifico orientali, alibique inveniuntur. Decapodiformes in arte coquinaria per orbem terrarum adhibentur. saepe calamari vulgo appellati. In litteris ex temporibus classicis commemorantur, praecipiue in fabulis de decapodiformibus immanibus monstrisque maritimis

Taxinomia et phylogenia
-----------------------

Decapodiformes in subclassem Coleoideorum classis Cephalopodum digeruntur. Ordines Myopsida et Oegopsida in superordine Decapodiformium sunt.

Hoc cladogramma, non autem plene evolutum, in Sanchez et al. 2018 conditum est. Ordines taxinomici litteris pinguibus imprimuntur.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cephalopoda | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Nautilus (ut dicitur)  |
|  |
| Coleoidea | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Octopoda et socii | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Octopoda  |
|  |
|  | Vampyroteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
| **Decapodiformes** | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Cranchiinae  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Cycloteuthidae |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Psychroteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Onychoteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | Taoniinae |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Architeuthidae  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Lepidoteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | Octopoteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Ancistrocheiridae  |
|  |
|  | Lycoteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | Pyroteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | Bathyteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Ommastrephidae  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Pholidoteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | Gonatidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | Chiroteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | **Sepiolida**  |
|  |
|  | Sepiadariidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | Chtenopterygidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Thysanoteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | Enoploteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Brachioteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Neoteuthidae |
|  |
|  | Histioteuthidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Batoteuthidae |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Mastigoteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | Joubiniteuthidae  |
|  |
|  | Magnapinnidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | **Spirulida**  |
|  |
|  | 

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | **Myopsida** (Loliginidae)  |
|  |
|  | Sepiidae  |
|  |

 |
|  |
|  | Idiosepiidae |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

 |
|  |

Notae
-----

1. ↑  Young, R. E. Vecchione, M. Mangold, K. M. (2008). Decapodiformes Leach, 1817. Squids, cuttlefishes and their relatives, in Tree of Life Web Project.
2. ↑  see Boletzkyida, Belemnite
3. 1 2  Sanchez, Gustavo; Setiamarga, Davin H. E.; Tuanapaya, Surangkana; Tongtherm, Kittichai; Winkelmann, Inger E.; Schmidbaur, Hannah; Umino, Tetsuya; Albertin, Caroline et al (Februarii 2018). "Genus-level phylogeny of cephalopods using molecular markers: current status and problematic areas". *PeerJ* **6**: e4331 .

Bibliographia
-------------

* Cott, Hugh B. 1940. *Adaptive Coloration in Animals.* Methuen. OCLC 222479116.

Nexus interni
-------------

* Gastronomia Hispanica
* Gastronomia Matritensis
* Paralarva
* Teuthologia

Nexus externi
-------------


|  |  |
| --- | --- |
|  | **Vicimedia Communia** plura habent quae ad **Decapodiformes** spectant. |

* Teuthida. CephBase.
* "Colossal Squid at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa."
* "Market squid mating, laying eggs." Pellicula.
* "Giant Squid." *Scientific American*
* The Cephalopod Page.
* The Octopus News Magazine Online.