**Synapsida** (grezieraz *fusionatutako arkua*) animalia mota bat da, narrastien barrukoa baina, era berean, ugaztunak biltzen dituenak (ugaztunen ezaugarri asko dituzte eta, hori dela eta, ugaztunen aurrekotzat hartuak izan dira).

Definizioz Mammalia eta Mammaliatik beste edozein Amniotatik baino gertuago dauden animalia guztiak barne-biltzen ditu. Lehen synapsidoak normalki Pelycosaurus izena hartzen dute, ugaztun-itxura zutenak Therapsida. Literatura klasikoan ugaztun ez direnak *ugaztunkara* izena jasotzen dute, baina kladistikaren barruan *proto-ugaztun* izena hartzen dute. Amniotaren eboluzioz sortu ziren eta sortu ziren taldeen artean handienen artean dago, Sauropsidarekin batera (narrastiak eta hegaztiak). Tenporalean leiho bakarra dute begiaren atzealdean eta ezaugarri hau lehen aldiz Karboniferoan azaldu zen, orain 324 milioi urte.

Lehen, bi multzo nagusi bereizten ziren: pelikosauroena (Permikoaren bukaerakoa) eta terapsidoena (Triasikokoa).

Synapsida Permiarrean zehar oso talde arrakastatsua izan zen. Permiar iraungitzearekin batera euren kopurua asko jaitsi zen eta espezie batzuek baino ez zuten lortu Triasikora igarotzea, nahiz eta Archosauria taldekoek euren lekua irabazki. Kretazeoan azken kideak desagertu ziren. Hala ere ugaztunen lehenengo arbasoak talde honetakoak zirenez berez taldea ezin da desagertutzat eman. Gizakiak azken milaka urtetan izandako gorakadak berriro jarri du talde hau nagusi moduan.

*Dimetrodon loomisi* pelikosauroa

Filogenia
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| Synapsida | 

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|  | Caseasauria  |
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| Eupelycosauria | 

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| Sphenacodontia | 

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|  | Sphenacodontidae  |
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| Therapsida | 

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| Biarmosuchia | 

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|  | *Eotitanosuchus* |
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| Eutherapsida | 

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|  | *Thrinaxodon*  |
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|  | *Prozostrodon* |
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Ikus, gainera
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* Ugaztun

Erreferentziak
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* Artikulu honen edukiaren zati bat *Lur hiztegi entziklopediko*tik edo *Lur entziklopedia tematiko*tik txertatu zen 2011/12/27 egunean. Egile-eskubideen jabeak, Eusko Jaurlaritzak, hiztegi horiek CC-BY 3.0 lizentziarekin argitaratu ditu, Open Data Euskadi webgunean.

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| Autoritate kontrola | 
* **Wikimedia proiektuak**
* Wd Datuak: Q189069
* Commonscat Multimedia: Synapsida
* Wikispecies Espezieak: Synapsida

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* **Identifikadoreak**
* NDL: 00710334
* AAT: 300310231
* **Datu taxonomikoak**
* ADW: Synapsida
* EOL: 3014447
* Paleobiology Database: 99791

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* Wd Datuak: Q189069
* Commonscat Multimedia: Synapsida
* Wikispecies Espezieak: Synapsida