reapxdev/zenodo-scraper huggingface dataset:
VOWEL HARMONY AND ITS DISCONTENTS: RETHINKING URALIC SOUND SYMBOLISM
Authors: Madina Rafiqova
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-08-02
Keywords: Vowel harmony, Uralic languages, sound symbolism, iconicity, phonaesthesia, Finno-Ugric, diminutives, Finnish, Hungarian, comparative linguistics.

<p class="MsoNormal">Vowel harmony has long served as one of the defining typological features of the Uralic languages, treated primarily as a matter of phonological patterning: the co-occurrence restrictions that require suffix vowels to agree in backness, and sometimes rounding, with the vowels of a word's root. This article argues that the near-exclusive framing of Uralic vowel harmony as a structural or morphophonological phenomenon has obscured a second, underexamined dimension of the same system: its role in sound-symbolic meaning-making. Drawing on comparative evidence from Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, and smaller Finno-Ugric languages such as Mari and Udmurt, the article traces a persistent, cross-linguistic association between front-vowel harmony classes and concepts of smallness, closeness, and diminution, and between back-vowel classes and largeness, distance, and augmentation. This association recurs in expressive vocabulary, diminutive morphology, and child-directed speech across genetically related but geographically dispersed Uralic languages, in patterns too consistent to be dismissed as coincidental borrowing or independent onomatopoeic invention. The article reviews the iconicity and sound-symbolism literature developed largely outside Uralic studies, and asks why this literature has had so little uptake among Uralicists, who have generally treated harmony as an arbitrary phonological rule rather than as a system with residual semantic motivation. Rather than claiming that vowel harmony originated as a symbolic system, the article proposes a more modest and defensible thesis: that an originally phonological harmony system has, in certain lexical domains, been recruited and reinforced by iconic association, producing a synchronic layer of sound symbolism that coexists with, rather than replaces, the system's morphophonological function. The discussion considers the methodological obstacles to testing this claim and outlines a comparative research agenda for Uralic linguistics going forward.</p>
WORDS THAT DIED TWICE
Authors: Madina Rafiqova
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-08-02
Keywords: Lexicography, semantic change, obsolescence, dictionary revision, historical linguistics, Oxford English Dictionary, corpus linguistics, metalexicography, diachronic semantics, textual editing.

<p class="MsoNormal"><strong> </strong>Lexicography has long treated the disappearance of a word sense as a single, datable event: a form falls out of use, editors mark it "obsolete," and the entry closes. This article argues that obsolescence in dictionaries is rarely so tidy, and that many senses undergo a second, administrative death — what this article terms semantic reburial — when dictionaries are revised. A sense may survive for generations in a dormant, labeled state, cited but unused, before a later revision quietly removes, compresses, or relabels it, severing its last visible tie to the living record of the language. This second death is not linguistic but editorial: it results from decisions about space, citation currency, corpus evidence, and audience, rather than from any change in speech itself. Drawing on the editorial history of major historical dictionaries, particularly the Oxford English Dictionary, and on the theoretical literature on lexicographic obsolescence and diachronic semantics, this article develops a framework for distinguishing primary semantic death (loss of use in speech or writing) from secondary, editorial death (loss of representation in reference works). It proposes a typology of reburial practices — excision, subordination, relabeling, and silent merger — and examines the historiographical consequences of each. The article contends that dictionaries are not neutral archives of a language's past but active agents in determining which parts of that past remain visible, and that revision policy therefore deserves the same critical scrutiny historians of the book have long given to canon formation and textual editing. The discussion closes by considering what responsibilities, if any, lexicographers bear toward senses they choose to bury a second time, and what this means for corpus linguists and historians who rely on dictionaries as primary evidence of semantic change.</p>
GRAMMATICAL GENDER AND THE POETICS OF UNTRANSLATABLE INTIMACY
Authors: Madina Rafiqova
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-08-02

<p class="MsoNormal">Grammatical gender is usually treated in linguistics as a formal agreement system, a matter of noun class and concord with limited semantic content beyond a small residue of natural-gender nouns. This article argues that in poetic and other highly wrought literary registers, grammatical gender frequently ceases to be semantically inert and instead becomes a resource for a specific, difficult-to-translate kind of intimacy: an implied relationship, address, or affective coloring between speaker, addressee, and object that depends on the target language's own gender system and has no stable equivalent in languages that either lack grammatical gender or distribute it differently. Drawing on comparative examples from Romance, Slavic, and Germanic poetic traditions, and on the theoretical literature on linguistic relativity, poetic translation, and untranslatability, the article develops the concept of gender-mediated intimacy: affective or relational meaning that a poem generates through the gendered agreement patterns linking speaker, beloved, object, and abstraction, meaning that is structurally dependent on a grammatical system rather than merely decorated by it. The article reviews the linguistic-relativity literature bearing on whether grammatical gender shapes habitual conceptualization, and situates its argument as a claim about poetic effect rather than about cognition as such: even where gender's influence on ordinary thought is contested, its availability as a compositional resource in poetry is not. Through close comparative analysis of translation choices in a range of published literary translations across gendered and non-gendered target languages, the article shows how translators consistently face a forced choice between preserving semantic content and preserving the gendered relational structure that generated the poem's intimacy, and that this trade-off is rarely made visible to readers of the translation. The article concludes by considering what a translation practice more attentive to gender-mediated intimacy, rather than to gender as mere grammatical noise, might look like.</p>
MILLIY TAFAKKURDA RAMZ, INDEKS VA IKON BELGILARINING LINGVOSEMIOTIK TALQINI
Authors: Habiyaliyeva Madina Xolmurod qizi
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-08-02
Keywords: lingvosemiotika, ramz, indeks, ikon, milliy tafakkur, belgi, semantik kod, madaniy xotira, kommunikativ ma'no, semiotik tizim.

<p class="MsoNormal">Ushbu maqolada milliy tafakkurda ramz, indeks va ikon belgilarining lingvosemiotik talqini yoritiladi. Tadqiqotda belgi turlari faqat nazariy semiotik kategoriya sifatida emas, balki xalq dunyoqarashi, madaniy xotira, urf-odat, nutqiy odob va kommunikativ tajriba bilan bog‘liq ma’no yaratish mexanizmi sifatida tahlil qilinadi. Maqolaning maqsadi ramz, indeks va ikon belgilarining o‘zaro farqli xususiyatlarini aniqlash, ularning milliy tafakkurdagi semantik va pragmatik vazifalarini ochib berishdan iborat. Tadqiqotda tavsifiy, qiyosiy-semiotik, lingvomadaniy va funksional-semantik tahlil metodlaridan foydalanildi. Natijalarga ko‘ra, ramz belgisi madaniy kelishuv va qadriyat bilan, indeks belgisi sabab-oqibat va vaziyat bilan, ikon belgisi esa o‘xshashlik va tasviriylik bilan bog‘liq holda ma’no hosil qiladi. Tadqiqot xulosalari lingvosemiotika, matn tahlili, madaniyatshunoslik va pragmalingvistika uchun amaliy ahamiyatga ega.</p>
SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE INTEGRATION OF VISUAL AND VERBAL SIGNS IN THE MODERN MEDIA SPACE
Authors: Habiyaliyeva Madina Xolmurod qizi
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-08-02

<p class="MsoNormal">This article examines the integration of visual and verbal signs in the modern media space from a semiotic perspective. Contemporary media texts are no longer constructed only through written or spoken language; they increasingly combine headlines, images, color, typography, layout, infographics, captions, symbols and platform-specific markers. The aim of the study is to identify the main mechanisms through which visual and verbal signs interact and jointly produce meaning in media communication. The research applies descriptive, semiotic, multimodal-discourse and functional-pragmatic methods. The analysis shows that visual and verbal elements perform complementary, intensifying, framing, evaluative and manipulative functions. A headline may direct interpretation, an image may create emotional orientation, typography may emphasize significance, and layout may organize the reader's attention. The article argues that modern media meaning is produced through an integrated semiotic system rather than through isolated linguistic units. The findings are significant for media linguistics, semiotics, discourse analysis and communicative studies, since they show how sign systems influence perception, evaluation and audience response.</p>
DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF IGBO CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ITS PRESERVATION IN A PLURALISTIC NIGERIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Ihejiekwu Chris O. Ph.D, Ekwugha, Grace Chinyere
Type: Journal article
Published: 2026-08-02
Keywords: Cultural heritage, digitalization, documentation, Igbo, Nigerian society

<p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong><span> </span></p>
<p><em><span>The Igbo, as one of the three major ethnic groups in a pluralistic Nigerian society, is known for her profuse endowment with multifarious and rich cultural heritage. It is regrettable that this array of Igbo cultural heritage lacks digital documentation. There is currently a perceived danger that most vital aspects of Igbo cultural heritage are still unknown to the young generation, and might be lost as time goes on if not digitally documented. This has made compellingly imperative the need for contemporary Igbo scholars and intelligential to embark on a well-crafted digital documentation of Igbo cultural heritage. Thus,</span><span> </span><span>this paper, which examines “digital documentation of Igbo cultural heritage and its preservation in a pluralistic Nigeria</span><span>n</span><span> society”, begins by taking a look at an overview of digital documentation.</span><span> </span><span>It goes ahead to examine Igbo cultural heritage in a pluralistic Nigerian society; digital documentation of Igbo cultural heritage; benefits of digital documentation of Igbo cultural heritage in a modern world; digital tools for documentation and preservation of Igbo cultural heritage; inherent snags in documentation of Igbo cultural heritage and ways of overcoming the snags.</span><span> </span><span>The paper adopted qualitative and descriptive research design method and relied heavily on secondary sources of data such as text books, journal articles and online materials. It concludes by stressing that the conversion of all paper-based documents containing Igbo culture, language, folklores, traditional religion, histor</span><span>y</span><span>, literature, proverbial sayings, norms, values and so on, into digital formats as well as creation of efficient document management system to guarantee their safety, is not only an onerous task that requires expertise but also a capital intensive project. As part of the way forward, the paper </span><span>suggests the</span><span> need for Igbo in the Diaspora and at home to work in energy in order to mobilize adequate funds for successful actualization of this noble project, digital documentation and preservation of Igbo cultural heritage.</span></em></p>
BRIDGING THE COMPUTATIONAL GAP: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A CUSTOM WEB CORPUS TOOL
Authors: Kutbidinov, Akhror
Type: Publication
Published: 2026-08-01

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<p class="16"><em>The integration of corpus linguistics into Translation Studies (TS) is widely recognized as a methodological necessity for evaluating and improving automated translation systems. However, a significant software barrier persists: commercial platforms impose prohibitive subscription costs, while open-source Python libraries require advanced programming expertise. This paper details the software architecture and computational engineering of a custom-built, open-source web application designed to bridge this gap. Developed using the Flask microframework and integrating the spaCy Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipeline, the platform provides zero-installation access to advanced analytical features. The architectural design includes a multi-stage document ingestion pipeline capable of optical character recognition (OCR) for scanned PDFs, chunked processing for memory-efficient text parsing, and a JSON-based inverted index for rapid data retrieval. By engineering complex functionalities such as Parallel Concordancing, Corpus Query Language (CQL) parsing, and automated web-scraping within an intuitive graphical interface, this platform provides a highly scalable computational infrastructure for data-driven translation research.</em><em> </em></p>
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LEGAL PROTECTION OF AI-ASSISTED SCIENTIFIC WORK ORIGINALITY IN THE DIGITAL SOCIETY
Authors: Muhammad Fachri, Fahmi Afhan Fuady, Marlin, Ahmad Syahird
Type: Journal article
Published: 2026-07-25
Keywords: Copyright; Originality; ChatGPT; Artificial Intelligence; Digital Legal Literacy.

<p>The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents new challenges for the legal system, particularly in the enforcement of copyright over scientific works produced with the assistance of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT). This study aims to analyze the aspects of originality and legal protection of AI-assisted scientific works by employing a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings show that, under Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright, only natural persons or legal entities may be recognized as authors. ChatGPT cannot be regarded as a legal subject because it lacks consciousness and juridical responsibility, and functions merely as a technical tool under human control. Legal protection for scientific works generated with AI assistance can only be granted where there is a demonstrable human contribution in the form of creative input, supervision, and meaningful intervention in the process of creation. In the context of community service, this research highlights the importance of enhancing digital legal literacy among academics so that AI can be utilized ethically, lawfully, and responsibly. Thus, law functions not only as a regulatory instrument, but also as an educational and protective tool in shaping a just digital society that upholds academic integrity.</p>
Measuring what corpus analysis has overlooked: Three original indices for ideological density, restricted agency, and deontic load in pedagogical corpora
Authors: Egas Villafuerte, Verónica Patricia
Type: Preprint
Published: 2026-05-29
Keywords: corpus linguistics, Systemic Functional Grammar, keyness, grammatical agency, deontic modality, pedagogical corpus, critical discourse analysis, corpus-assisted discourse studies, ideological lexical density, restricted agency index, deontic load index, DLI, IAR, ICD, BUNKER EGAS, Ecuador, school textbooks

<p>Corpus-assisted discourse studies lacks dedicated quantitative measures for three discourse phenomena that operate below the level of isolated keywords: lexical concentration, agentive restriction, and deontic regulation. This paper presents three original corpus-based indices calibrated on a 263,878-token multi-period corpus of official Ecuadorian school textbooks (2016–2026): the Ideological Lexical Density (DLI), the Restricted Agency Index (IAR), and the Deontic Load Index (ICD). A fourth measure, the Pair Ratio (Ratio_par), extends Kilgarriff's keyness framework to systematic lexical co-occurrence. Each index is formally defined, mathematically grounded in Systemic Functional Grammar and corpus statistics, calibrated against existing keyness measures (log-likelihood GZ, percentage difference %DIFF, and Ratio), and validated across three curricular sub-corpora. Results demonstrate that DLI, IAR, and ICD detect grammatical and distributional patterns invisible to frequency-based measures alone, providing reproducible, transferable instruments for discourse analysis across institutional, political, legal, media, and organisational corpora. The measures are implemented in DISCERN v15.8, an open corpus-assisted linguistic auditing system. Although calibrated on pedagogical Spanish, the formal procedures are designed to be portable and recalibrable to any corpus of institutionally produced language.</p>
CASS: A Comprehensive Arabic Semantic Similarity Dataset
Authors: Khreich, Wael, Jammal, Mahdi
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-07-31
Keywords: Arabic Natural Language Processing, Semantic Textual Similarity, Benchmark Datasets, Model Evaluation, Cross-lingual Transfer Learning, Arabic Language Resources

<p class="code-line">The Comprehensive Arabic Semantic Similarity (CASS) dataset is a large-scale resource for Arabic Semantic Textual Similarity (STS). It comprises 3,048 manually annotated Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) sentence pairs with fine-grained similarity scores (0–5), spanning six semantic categories (geography, history, law, sports, health, and essay-style prose) and 42 subcategories capturing targeted linguistic phenomena (morphological variation, syntactic transformation, lexical substitution, negation, temporal and spatial modification, and entity variation).</p>
<p class="code-line">CASS is four times larger than existing Arabic STS datasets and provides structured taxonomic coverage supporting systematic model evaluation. Each anchor sentence is paired with at least six labeled variants spanning the full similarity continuum. Annotation was performed by three native Arabic speakers with backgrounds in linguistics and computational linguistics, with an inter-rater reliability of Krippendorff's alpha = 0.82 (substantial agreement).</p>
<p class="code-line">This dataset accompanies the paper "CASS: A Comprehensive Arabic Semantic Similarity Dataset with LLMs Systematic Evaluation" and establishes essential infrastructure for Arabic STS research and applications in education, legal technology, and content moderation.</p>
The Evolution of English as a Global Lingua Franca: Historical Trajectories, Socio-political Forces, and Contemporary Implications
Authors: Dr. Chander Mohan
Type: Journal article
Published: 2026-06-29
Keywords: lingua franca, English language spread, language policy, postcolonialism, sociolinguistics, digital communication, language ecology

<p>This paper examines the multifaceted rise of English as a global lingua franca, tracing its development from a regional Germanic dialect to the dominant medium of international communication. Drawing on historical linguistics, postcolonial theory, and contemporary sociolinguistics, the study maps three major phases of English expansion: the early modern period of colonial projection, the twentieth-century American cultural and economic diffusion, and the digital-era consolidation of English as the de facto language of global knowledge production. The paper argues that English dominance is not the inevitable outcome of intrinsic linguistic properties but rather the accumulated product of geopolitical power asymmetries, institutional entrenchment, and network effects. It further considers the tensions between global intelligibility and local linguistic identity, and outlines possible trajectories for the language in an era of artificial intelligence and multipolar global order.</p>
STUDYING LINGUISTIC TERMS IN WORLD LINGUISTICS
Authors: Samadova Mohigul Bakhodirovna
Type: Dataset
Published: 2026-07-31

<p class="MsoNormal">The article analyzes the history, theoretical foundations, and current trends in the study of linguistic terms in the field of world linguistics. It highlights the fact that terminology as an independent science emerged from the theory of general terminology by Eugen Wüster, its onomasiological approach, and the principles of unambiguity. In the context of Ferdinand de Saussure’s structuralism, the role of terms in the language system is examined. Modern research based on the communicative theory of Teresa Cabre, the cognitive-socio-cognitive approaches of Rita Temmerman and Pamela Faber, the Kageura term dynamics model, corpus methods, and lexical semantics are analyzed.</p>
Terminology and Lexical Problems in Modern Linguistics and AI
Authors: Odilova Fotima
Type: Journal article
Published: 2026-07-25

<p>This paper examines the key terminology and lexical challenges during translation with the help of AI that arise<br>in the field of modern linguistics. As linguistics evolves, it encounters various issues related to the definition, categorization,<br>and application of terms. This exploration highlights the importance of clear and consistent terminology for effective<br>communication among linguists and between linguists and the public. The paper also discusses how evolving language,<br>socio-political factors, and advancements in technology contribute to these lexical problems.</p>
Electronic Land Deed Issuance by Land Deed Officials in Indonesia: Regulation, Data Protection, and Legal Certainty
Authors: Gloria Gita Putri Ginting, Henry Aspan, Muhammad Juang Rambe
Type: Publication
Published: 2025-07-30
Keywords: Authentic Deed, Cyber Notary, Jurimetrics, Legal Certainty, Land Registration.

<p><span>Digital transformation in land registration in Indonesia triggers a conflict of laws regarding the electronic issuance of deeds by Land Deed Officials (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah / PPAT). This study aims to analyze the disharmony between Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021 and Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning the prerequisite of physical presence, its implications for personal data protection governance, and to formulate a regulatory architecture through a comparative study. The method employed is normative legal research utilizing statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. This study applies a jurimetric instrument through the Legal Reliability Index (LRI) modeling to quantitatively measure the degree of evidentiary reliability of deeds. The results indicate that non-compliance with the physical presence requirement degrades the status of an authentic deed to a private deed (akta di bawah tangan) pursuant to Article 1869 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Simulation of the LRI formula demonstrates that procedural compliance regarding physical presence serves as the primary determinant maintaining the independent validity of the deed, while concurrently limiting the scope of the PPAT's liability from cyber system failure risks at the Land Office under the Personal Data Protection Law. This study recommends the adoption of a hybrid model based on a cautionary approach, drawing from practices in Germany. Physical presence remains mandatory for the substance of rights transfer to validate intent, whereas the archiving of original deeds (minuta akta) is centrally computerized. Amendments to the PPAT Position Regulations are necessary to align technological efficiency with formal civil law certainty.</span></p>