Summarize the following court judgment. Civil Appeal No. 219 of 1970. Appeal by Special Leave from the Judgment and Decree dated 30 4 1969 of the Rajasthan High Court in section B. Civil Regular Second Appeal No. 569/65. section M. Jain	 section K. Jain and Indira Makwana for the Appellant. R. K. Garg	 V. J. Francis and Sushil K. Jain for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by CHANDRACHUD	 C.J. A deed of adoption is alleged to have been executed by one Mansaram on August 10	 1944	 stating that he had adopted the appellant	 Madan Lal. A suit to challenge that deed was dismissed by the trial Court. The learned District Judge	 Jodhpur	 confirmed the judgment of the trial Court but in second appeal No. 569 of 1965	 a learned single Judge of the Rajasthan High Court set aside the judgment of the Courts below and decreed the suit. By this appeal by special leave	 the defendant questions the correctness of the High Court 's judgment dated April 30	 1969. The principal point of controversy involved in the suit was whether Mansaram was in a fit state of mind when he executed the deed of adoption. This	 substantially	 is a question of fact but we find that the trial Court and the District Court wholly ignored the weight of preponderating circumstances on the record and allowed their judgments to be influenced by inconsequential matters. The High Court was	 therefore	 justified in reappreciating the evidence and in coming to its own independent conclusion on the basis of that evidence. 596 Earlier	 Mansaram had allegedly executed another deed of adoption in favour of the appellant Madan Lal but the Registrar refused to register that deed by his order Exhibit 2 dated January 29	 1940 on the ground that Mansaram	 who presented the deed for registration	 appeared to him to be a lunatic. The matter was remanded by the Mahakma Khas to the Registrar with a direction that Mansaram be recalled and the question whether the deed should be registered decided afresh. The Registrar thereupon examined Mansaram and passed an order Exhibit 3 dated July 14	 1940	 stating that Mansaram	 no doubt	 appeared to be a little better but that	 while at one time he talked like a same man	 he would	 on occasions	 fall into a reverie and was completely lost to the world. The Registrar noted that Mansaram was unable to understand the simplest questions put to him	 that he took an unreasonably long time to answer those questions and gave wholly incorrect answers to elementary questions like whom he had adopted and whether he himself was married or unmarried. The Registrar	 therefore	 reaffirmed his pre remand view and refused to register the deed. A suit was then brought by the appellant on September 11	 1940 for the compulsory registration of the aforesaid deed of adoption. The Court of Joint Kotwal (No. 2)	 in which the suit was filed	 was	 concededly	 a regular Civil Court of competent jurisdiction at the relevant time. A written statement was filed in that suit by one Shri Raj Narain	 advocate	 on behalf of Mansaram admitting the appellant 's claim that he was validly adopted by Mansaram. The authority of that admission having been challenged	 the learned Chief Justice of the High Court	 sitting in revision	 made an order Exhibit 15 dated August 16	 1941	 stating that the matter did not appear to him to be "absolutely clear". He observed that Mansaram claimed to be an M.A. in English though	 in fact	 he did not understand a simple sentence in English. The learned Chief Justice	 therefore	 examined the matter further and made an order Exhibit 18 dated December 4	 1941	 directing that an issue be framed on the question whether Mansaram was of sound mind and was capable of protecting his own interest in the suit. After the remand	 the learned Joint Kotwal recorded the statement of Mansaram on December 14	 1943. That statement is at Exhibit 5. Mansaram 's wit and wisdom is reflected in a part of that statement wherein he said that he was 65 years of age and that his mother was about 50 years old. When the fundamental absurdity of this hypothesis was pointed out to him	 he made a feeble attempt to correct himself by saying that his mother may be of 70 years of age. In fact	 the record of the evidence given by Mansaram before the Joint Kotwal shows that he gave	 at one time	 an impression 597 that his mother was alive and was living with him although	 admittedly	 she had died long since. In the circumstances	 the Joint Kotwal passed an order on January 4	 1944 (which was the only order to pass) that he had no hesitation in holding that Mansaram was not of sound mind and was incapable of protecting his interest in the suit. The learned Judge formed the impression	 which he recorded in the proceedings	 that Mansaram was tutored to make certain statements on the questions arising in the suit and that he looked like a "frightened animal". The deed of adoption dated August 10	 1944	 which is impugned in the present suit	 contains a bald assertion that Mansaram had taken the appellant Madan Lal in adoption. But	 significantly	 the deed does not mention the year	 the date or the place of adoption. It does not either mention	 as adoption deeds generally mention	 the names of persons who were present at the time of adoption. In fact	 on the record of this case there is no evidence whatsoever to show when and where the adoption took place and even whether the necessary ceremonies were performed. We cannot accept the submission	 though strongly pressed upon us by Shri Sobhagmal Jain who appears on behalf of the appellant	 that what the plaintiff had challenged in the suit was the validity of the deed of adoption and not the factum of adoption. On a broad and careful reading of the plaint we are left in no doubt that the real drift of the plaint is that Mansaram was not in a fit state of mind at the relevant time	 that no adoption could have taken place in fact and that	 therefore	 the deed of adoption cannot confer on the appellant the rights of an adopted son. Relying on the evidence of Somdatt D.W. 2	 Shri Raj Narain D.W. 6	 a lawyer	 Moolraj D.W. 9 and Dr. Umraomal	 D.W. 10	 Shri Sobhagmal Jain argues that Mansaram was in a fit state of mind when he executed the impugned deed. We are unable to accept this submission. Indeed	 the halting evidence of Dr. Umraomal itself throws a cloud on the mental capacity of Mansaram and renders it improbable that he could perform or authorise the performance of the act of adoption or that he could have executed the deed of adoption with an understanding mind. His mental faculties were evidently too enfeebled to enable him to enter into a transaction which	 in law has a religious cum spiritual significance and which	 in a worldly way	 affects valuable rights to property. The High Court has examined every facet of the evidence with great care and we are in agreement with the learned Judge that Mansaram was not in a fit state of mind when he executed the deed of adoption. He could 598 not have	 possibly	 understood the nature and consequences of what he was doing. In the result	 the appeal fails and is dismissed but there will be no order as to costs. May we add that this judgment	 properly understood	 will not be a charter for interference by the High Courts with findings of facts recorded by the final Court of facts. The situation	 here	 was of an exceptional character where evidence which was incapable of supporting more than one conclusion was considered as justifying a conclusion which no reasonable tribunal could rationally reach. N.K.A. Appeal dismissed.

A deed of adoption was executed by one M on August 10	 1944 stating that he had adopted the appellant. A suit to challenge this deed was filed contending that M was not in a fit state of mind when he executed the deed. The suit was dismissed by the Trial Court and this order was confirmed by the District Court. In second appeal the High Court set aside the judgments of the Courts below and decreed the suit. Earlier M had executed another deed of adoption in favour of the appellant	 but the Registrar refused to register that deed on the ground that the executant appeared to him to be a lunatic. The matter was remanded by the Mahakma Khas to the Registrar with a direction that the executant be recalled and the question decided afresh. The Registrar thereupon examined the executant and finding him unable to understand the simplest questions put to him	 and giving wholly incorrect answers to elementary questions like whom he had adopted	 reaffirmed his pre remand view and refused to register the deed. A Suit was then brought by the appellant on September 11	 1940 for the compulsory registration of the aforesaid deed of adoption. A written statement was filed on behalf of M admitting the appellant 's claim that he was validly adopted. The authority of that admission having been challenged	 the High Court	 in revision	 examined the matter further and directed that an appropriate issue has been framed on the question. After the remand	 the Joint Kotwal passed an order on January 4	 1944 holding M was not of sound mind and was incapable of protecting his interest in the suit. The High Court agreed with the findings of the Joint Kotwal. On appeal by special leave	 and dismissing the appeal	 it was	 ^ HELD: (1) Apart from the bald assertion that the appellant was taken in adoption	 the deed does not mention the year	 the date or the place of adoption. It does not either mention the names of persons who were present at the time of adoption. In fact there is no evidence whatsoever to show when and where the adoption took place and even whether the necessary ceremonies were performed. [597 C D] (2) The real drift of the plaint is that M was not in a fit state of mind at the relevant time	 that no adoption could have taken place in fact and that	 therefore	 the deed of adoption cannot confer on the appellant the rights of an adopted son. [597 E] 595 (3) The argument that M was in a fit state of mind when he executed the deed cannot be accepted. Indeed the halting evidence of the doctor	 one of the witnesses	 throw a cloud on the mental capacity of M and renders it improbable that he could perform or authorise the performance of the act of adoption or that he could have executed it with an understanding mind. His mental faculties were evidently too enfeebled to enable him to enter into a transaction which in law has a religious cum spiritual significance and which	 in a wordly way	 affects valuable rights to property. [597 F H] (4) The trial court and the District Court wholly ignored the weight of prepondering circumstances on the record and allowed their judgments to be influenced by inconsequential matters. The High Court was	 therefore	 justified in re appreciating the evidence and coming to its own independent conclusion on the basis of that evidence. [H] (5) The situation here was of an exceptional character	 where evidence which was incapable of supporting more than one conclusion was considered as justifying a conclusion which no reasonable Tribunal could rationally reach. This judgment will not be a charter for interference by the High Courts with findings of facts recorded by the Final Court of facts. [598 B C]