Summarize the following court judgment. Civil Appeal No. 1773 of 1971. (From the Judgment and order dated 20 2 1970 of the Allahabad High Court in Civil Misc. Writ Petition No. 2943/69) S.C. Manchanda and O.P. Rana	 for the Appellants. V.S. Desai	 P.B. Agarwala and B.R. Agarwala	 for the Respondents. 838 The Judgment of the Court was delivered by JASWANT SINGH	 J. This appeal by certificate which is directed against the judgment and order dated February 20	 1970	 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in writ petition No. 2943 of 1969 raises two interesting ques tions viz. ( 1 ) whether carbon paper is paper falling within the purview of the word 'paper ' as used in serial No. 2 of Notification Ng. ST 3124/X 1012(4) 1964 dated July 1	 1966	 issued by the Governor of Uttar Pradesh in exercise of the power vested in him under section 3 A of the U.P. Sales 'Fax Act	 1948 (U.P. Act No. XV of 1948) so as to be liable to sales tax at the point and at the rate specified in the Schedule to the Notification and (2) whether ribbon is an accessory or a part of the typewriter. It appears that the respondent which is a company incor porated under the Indian Companies Act dealing in carbon paper	 typewriter	 ribbon	 stepler machines and stepler pins	 despatches the said goods from its head office at Bombay to its branch office at Kanpur wherefrom sales there of are effected in the State of Uttar Pradesh. During the course of the assessment proceedings for the assessment year 1956 57	 the respondent claimed that carbon paper not being paper falling within the ambit of Entry No. 2 of the Schedule to the aforesaid Notification but a specialised article used for copying purposes	 its turnover had to be assessed at the rate of 2 per cent prescribed for unclassi fied goods and not at the rate of 6 paise per rupee i.e. 6% prescribed in the aforesaid Notification. The respondent further claimed that ribbon being an accessory anti not a part of the typewriter	 its turnover could not be subjected to sales tax at the rate of 10% prescribed inter alia for typewriters and parts thereof by Notification No. ST 1738/X I012 1963 dated June 1	 1963. The Sales Tax Officer	 (Section IV)	 Kanpur	 did not accede to the conten tions of the respondent and holding that carbon paper re mained paper even after going through certain chemical processes and that ribbon was a part of the typewriter	 taxed the turnover of carbon paper for the period commencing from July 1	 1966	 to the end of March	 1967 at 6% and that of ribbon at 10%. He	 however	 taxed the turnover of carbon paper for the period April 1	 1966 to June 30	 1966 at 2%. The validity and correctness of this order in so far as it related to the levy of tax on carbon paper at 6% and ribbon at 10% was challenged by the respondent by means of the aforesaid writ petition before the High Court at Allahabad which by its aforesaid judgment and order allowed the same and quashed the levy. Hence this appeal. Appearing in support of the appeal	 Mr. Manchanda has assailed the reasoning and approach of the High Court and has vehemently urged that carbon paper does not lose its character as paper even after being subjected to chemical processes and that ribbon is not an accessory but an essen tial part of the typewriter. We have carefully considered the submission made by Mr. Manchanda but find ourselves unable to accept the same. 839 It is well settled that a word which is not defined in an enactment has to be understood in its popular and commer cial sense with reference to the context in which it occurs. In Attorney General vs Winstanley (1)	 Lord Tenterden started as follows: "Now	 when we look at the words of an Act of Parliament	 which are not applied to any particular science or art	 we are to construe them as they are understood in common language. " In Grenfell vs Commissioners of Inland Revenue (2) Pollock	 J	 pointed out: "As to tile construction of the Stamp Act	 I think it was very properly urged that the statute is not to be construed according to the strict or technical meaning of the language contained in it	 but that it is to be construed in its popular sense	 meaning	 of course	 by the words 'popular sense ' that sense which people conversant with the sub ject matter with which the statute is dealing would attribute to it." The word 'paper ' admittedly not having been defined either in the U.P. Sales Tax Act	 1948 or the Rules made thereunder	 it has tO be understood according to the afore said well established canon of construction in the sense in which persons dealing in and using the article understand it. It is	 therefore	 necessary to know what is paper as commonly or generally understood. The said word which is derived from the name of reedy plant papyrus and grows abundantly along the Nile river in Egypt is explained in 'The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (Volume 2) (Third Edition) as "a substance composed of fibres interlaced into a compact web	 made from linen and cotton rags	 straw	 wood	 certain grasses	 etc.	 which are macrated into a pulp	 dried and pressed; it is used for writing. printing	 or drawing on	 for wrapping things in	 for covering the interior of wails	 etc. " In 'Encyclopaedia Britannica '	 (Volume 13)	 (15th Edition)	 'paper ' has been defined as the basic material used for written communication and the dissemination of information. " In the Unabridged Edition of "The Randon House Dicition ary of the English Language"	 the word 'paper ' has been defined as "a substance made from rags	 straw wood ' or other fibrous material	 usually in thin sheets	 used to bear writing or printing or for wrapping things	 decorating walls etc. " From the above definitions	 it is clear that in popular parlance	 the word 'paper ' is understood as meaning a sub stance which is used for bearing	 writing	 or printing	 or for packing	 or for drawing on	 or for decorating	 or cover ing the walls. Now carbon paper which is manu (1) [1831] 2 Dow & Clark 302=(1901) ; (2) at 248. 840 factured by coating the tissue paper with a thermo setting ink (made to a liquid consistency) based mainly on wax	 non drying oils	 pigments and dyes by means of a suitable coat ing roller and equalising rod and then passing it through chilled rolls cannot be used for the aforesaid purposes but is used. according to 'The Randon House Dictionary of the English Language ' between two sheets of plain paper in order to reproduce on the lower sheet that which is written or typed on the upper sheet i.e. making replicas or carbon copies cannot properly be described as paper. It will be well at this stage to refer to a few deci sions which confirm our view. In Kilburn & Co. Ltd. vs Commissioner of Sales Tax U.P.	 Lucknow(I) a Bench of Allahabad High Court while examining the very same entry in the Notification with which we are concerned in the instant case and holding that "Ammonia paper and ferro paper used for obtaining prints and sketches of site plans are not paper us understood generally and	 therefore	 will not come within the expression 'paper other than hand made paper ' as used in Notification No. ST 3124/X 1012(4) dated 1st July	 1966	 issued under section 3 A of the U.P. Sales Tax Act	 1948" observed : "The word 'paper ' has not been defined in the Act or the Rules	 and	 as such	 it has to be given the meaning which it has in 'ordinary parlance. Paper	 as understood in common parlance	 is the paper which is used for printing. writing and packing purposes. " In Sree Rama Trading Company vs State of Kerala(2) the High Court of Kerala after a good deal of research held that cellophane is not paper coming within entry 42 in the First Schedule to the Kerala General Sales Tax Act	 1963	 as it stood at the time relevant to the year 1966 67. In State of Orissa vs Gestetner Duplicators (P) Ltd.(3) the HIgh Court of Orissa held that stencil paper was not paper within the meaning of serial No. 7 A of the Schedule to the Notification issued by the State Government under the first proviso to section 5(1) 'of the Orissa Sales Tax Act	 1947 and that sale of stencil paper was	 therefore	 not taxable at the rate of 7 per cent but is exigible to tax at the rate of 5 per cent. In Commissioner of Sates Tax	 U.P	 vs S.N. Brothers(1) this Court while upholding the decision of the Allahabad High Court which held that 'food colours ' and 'syrup es sences ' arc .edible goods while 'dyes and colours and compo sitions thereof and 'scents and perfume ' did not seem prima facie to connote that they are edible goods observed: (1) 31 S.T.C. 625. (2) 28 S.T.C. 469. (3) 33 S.T.C. 333. (4) 31 S.T.C. 302. 841 "The words 'dyes and. colours ' used in entry No. 10 and the words: scents and perfumes ' used in entry No. 37 have to be construed in their own context and in the sense	 as ordinarily understood and attribut ed to these words by people usually conver sant with and dealing in such goods. Simi larly	 the words "food colours" and "syrup essences"	 which are descriptive of the class of goods the sales of which are to be taxed under the Act	 have to be construed in the sense in which they are popularly understood by those who deal in them and who purchase and use them. " Bearing in mind the ratio of the above mentioned decisions	 it is quite clear that the mere fact that the word 'paper ' forms part of the denomination of a specialised article is not decisive of the question whether the article is paper as generally understood. 'the word 'paper ' in the common parlance or in the comercial sense means paper which is used for printing	 writing or packing pur poses. We are	 therefore	 clear of opinion that Carbon paper is not paper as envisaged by entry 2 of the aforesaid Notification. Regarding ribbon also to which the above mentioned rule construction equally applies	 we have no manner of doubt that it an accessory and not a part of the typewriter (unlike spool) though it may not be possible to use the latter without the former. Just as aviation petrol is not a part of the aero plane nor diesel is a part of a bus in the same way	 ribbon is not a part of the type writer though it may not be possible to type out any matter without it. The very same question with which we are here confronted came up for decision before the High Court of Mysore in State of Mysore vs Kores (India)Ltd. (1) where it was held: "Whether a typewriter ribbon is a part of a typewriter is to be considered in the light of what is meant by a typewriter in the commer cial sense. Typewriters are being sold in the market without the typewriter ribbons and therefore typewriter ribbon is not an essen tial part of a typewriter so as to attract tax as per entry 18 of the Second Schedule to the Mysore Sales Tax Act	 1957. " For the foregoing reasons	 we do not find any force in this appeal which is dismissed but in the circumstances of the case without any order as to costs. M.R. Appeal dismissed (1) 26 S.T.C. 87.

The Governor of U.P. issued a Notification under Section 3 A of the U.P. Sales Tax Act	 1948	 and the Sales Tax Officer (Section IV) Kanpur	 ordered the respondent company to pay tax on the turnover of ' carbon paper at 6%	 and that of ribbon at 10%	 as per entry 2 of the Notification. The respondent challenged the order in a writ petition before the High Court. contending that carbon paper was not 'paper ' with the meaning of entry 2 and its turnover was therefore to be assessed at the rate of 2% prescribed for unclassified goods	 and that 'ribbon ' being an accessory and not a part of the typewriter	 could only be taxed at the rate of 6% and not 10%. The High Court allowed the writ and quashed the levy. The appellant contended that carbon paper does not lose its character as paper in spite of being subjected to chemi cal processes	 and that ribbon is not an accessory but an essential part of the typewriter. Dismissing the appeal the Court	 HELD :(1) A word which is not defined in an enactment has to be understood in its popular and commercial sense with reference to the context in which it occurs. It has to be understood according to the well established canon of construction in the sense in which persons dealing in and using the article understand it. [839 A B] Attorney General vs Winstanley (1831) 2 Dow & Clark 302:(1901) ; 	 and Grenfell vs Commissioner of Inland Revenue (1876)1 exhibit D. 242 at p. 248 applied. (2) The word 'paper ' is understood as meaning a sub stance which is used for bearing writing or printing	 or for packing. or for drawing on. or for decorating	 or covering the wails. Carbon paper cannot be used for these purposes but is used for making replicas or carbon copies	 and cannot properly be described as paper. [839 G	 840 A B] K. Kilburn & Co. Ltd. vs Commissioner of Sales Tax	 U.P. Lucknow (31 S.T.C. 625)	 Sree Rama Trading Company vs State of Kerala (28 S.T.C. 469). state of Orissa vs Gestetner Duplicators (P) Ltd. (33 S.T.C. 333 ) Commissioner of Sales Tax	 U.P.v. S.N. Brothers (31 S.T.C. 302) applied. (3) The above mentioned rule of construction equally applies to ribbon. an accessory and not a part of the typewriter	 though it may not be possible type out any matter without it. [841 D E] State of Mysore vs Kores (India) Ltd. (26 S.T.C. 87) ap proved.