Summarize the following court judgment. Appeal No.327 of 1955. Appeal by special leave from the judgment and order dated January 31	1955	 of the Bombay High Court	 in Special Civil Application No. 1100 of 1954. V. M. Limaye	 section N. Andley	 J. B. Dadachanji and Rameshwar Nath	 for the appellants. N. P. Nathwani	 K. L. Hathi and R. H. Dhebar	 for the respondent. December 7. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by section E. Das J. section K. DAS J. This is an appeal by special leave from a decision of the High Court of Bombay	 dated January 31	 1955	 by which it dismissed with costs a writ application (No. 1100 of 1954) made by the petitioners therein	 who are now appellants before us. It raises for consideration and decision a land revenue 395 problem of some complexity	 which resulted from the enactment of the Bombay Taluqdari Tenure Abolition Act	 1949	 (Bombay Act LXII of 1949)	 hereinafter referred to as the Abolition Act. The problem is if the appellants	 holders of certain lands known as "Lalliti " lands	 are liable to the State Government concerned for payment of land revenue under the provisions of the Bombay Land Revenue Code	 1879 (Bombay Act V of 1879)	 hereinafter referred to as the Revenue Code ' after the enforcement of the provisions of the Abolition Act. The problem has to be considered in the light. of certain incidents of taluqdari tenures in the Ahmedabad district of Gujrat	 with special reference to the changes through which those tenures had gone in the past by legislation or otherwise. For the purposes of this appeal it is not necessary to give a full history of taluqdari estates in Gujrat; but it is necessary to explain what is meant by " Lal liti lands. We get from such books as Baden Powell 's Land systems of British India " and Dandekar 's " The law of Land Tenure in the Bombay Presidency "	 from both of which learned counsel for the parties have extensively quoted before us	 a short history of the Taluqdars of Gujrat and of their estates. Shortly stated	 the history is this: Taluqdars of Gujrat (they were not known as Taluqdars then	 because the name was given much later) originally occupied the position of Chiefs or Rulers. This was before the Mahomedan rule in Gujrat. When the Mahomedans invaded Gujrat	 they found the country partitioned out into estates of large or small Chiefs	 whom they forcibly deprived of all but one fourth of their possess ions	 and the portion thus left took the name of 'wanta ' (divided). Some 'wantas ' were free of payment of pent or revenue; other 'wanta ' estates paid a tribute in the shape of an " udhad jama " (fixed sum). After the Moguls came the Marathas. The accession and domination of the Marathas made no substantial difference to the position of these semi independent chiefs	 except that the annual payments varied under the Maratha rule. Then came the British	 who for sometime continued 396 to realise annual payments according to past years; but very soon a significant change took place and the nature of the payment was altered	 and instead of tribute	 the Government assumed it to be rent or revenue. The rent or revenue was also increased by about 50 per cent. and the result was that the holders of these lands fell into pecuniary embarrassment and became impoverished and needy. A system of annual leases was then introduced: this remedy	 however	 proved worse than the disease	 and it was sought to improve the 'position of the Taluqdars by legislation it is not necessary for our purpose to refer to the details of that legislation till we come to the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888 (Bombay Act VI of f888)	 which was a landmark in the history of Taluqdari tenures. We shall have occasion later to refer to some of the provisions of this Act. It is sufficient to state here that by the time the aforesaid Act was passed the Taluqdars of certain districts of Gujrat including Ahmedabad had really become mere owners of proprietary estates	 who held lands directly from Government	and the Act provided	 inter alia	 for the revenue administration of their estates. Under the provisions of the Act	 the Settlement Registers were prepared for each village	 which served the purpose of the Record of Rights in those estates. In these estates	 large areas of lands were granted presumably by the Taluqdars to cadets	 widows of the family	 and relations for maintenance	 and to village servants and others	 either in reward for past services or as remuneration for services to be performed. The holders of these transferred lands paid no revenue either to the Taluqdar or to Government generally. These grants fell into three categories: (i) those made prior to British rule ; (ii) those made between 1818 and 1888	 that is	 after the introduction of British rule and before the passing of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888 ; and (iii) those made after 1888. The lands thus transferred were called " Lal liti " lands because they were recorded inred ink in the old 'faisal patrakas ' and in the Settlement Registers also	 they were recorded in red ink but were shown as subject to " jama (land revenue) 397 liabilities of varying character. The pre British transfers were recognised by Mr. Peile (later Sir James Peile) who was the Taluqdari Settlement Officer 1866	 and the holders of these lands generally paid no " jama ". The 1818 1888 transfers were those which were not so recognised by prescription	 and when these lands reverted to the Taluqdar	 they became his ordinary lands liable to payment of full. " jama ". The post Act grants were covered by section 31 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888 (see in this connection " The Land Problems of Re organised Bombay State by Dr. G. D. Patel	 pp. 174 175). Such	 in brief	 is the history of Taluqdari estates and " Lal liti " lands	 so far as that history has a bearing on the problem before us. It is necessary now to state the facts which have given rise to the present appeal. In their writ petition to the High Court	 the appellants said that they were holders of " Lal liti " lands in villages Kharad and Rajka of the Dhanduka taluq of Ahmedabad district and were enjoying the lands without payment of any " jama " (land revenue) since the pre British rule	 though the circumstances in which their predecessors originally got the lands are lost in antiquity. They said inter alia that the exemption from payment of land revenue which they had all along enjoyed was not affected by the Abolition Act or by any later legislation like the Bombay Personal Inams Abolition Act	 1952 (Bombay Act LXII of 1953)	 and that the demand for payment of land revenue made by the State Government of Bombay for 1950 1953 was not authorised by law. In the alternative	 they also said that they were not liable to any assessment of land revenue till August	 1953. Accordingly	 they prayed for appropriate writs (a) quashing the demands for payment of land revenue and (b) directing the State of Bombay	 the Collector of Ahmedabad and the Revenue Officer of Dhanduka (who are now respondents before us)	 to forbear from taking any steps to enforce payment of land revenue for the " Lal liti " lands held by them. A number of similar applications	 presumably filed by other holders of "Lal liti" lands	 were also pending in the High Court	 51 398 So far as we can gather from the record before us	 there were three sets of such applications. The High court delivered its leading judgment on writ application No. 1098 of 1954 and the application of the appellants herein (No. 1100 of 1954) was dismissed with costs on the grounds given in the leading judgment. The High Court held in effect that the holders of " Lal liti " lands were liable to payment of land revenue under section 5 of the Abolition Act	 read with the provisions of the Revenue Code	 and the objections raised thereto	 on their behalf were not legally valid. Having been unsuccessful in their application for a certificate under Article 133(1)(c) of the Constitution	 the appellants applied for and obtained special leave from this Court on June 29	 1955. They then preferred the present appeal. Learned counsel for the appellants has challenged the correctness of the decision of the High Court on various grounds. It will be convenient to take these one by one. The first point urged is that the relevant provisions of the Abolition Act do not apply to " Lal liti " lands	 which are not " taluqdari lands " within the meaning of the Abolition Act	 and	 therefore	 no liability for payment of land revenue in respect of " Lal liti " lands can arise under section 5 thereof. At this stage	 we must read the relevant provisions of the Abolition Act. The expressions " Taluqdari land " and " Taluqdari tenure " are defined in section 2	 clauses (3) and (4): Section 2 :. . . . . . " (1 ). . . . . (lA). . . . (2). . . . . . . (3) ' Taluqdari land ' means land forming part of a taluqdari estate and includes land forming part of such estate and held by a cadet of a taluqdar 's family for the purpose of maintenance; (4) ' Taluqdari tenure ' means land tenure on which the taluqdari land is held Section 3 states: " With effect from the date on which this Act comes into force 399 (i)the taluqdari tenure shall wherever it prevails be deemed to have been abolished; (ii)save as expressly provided by or under the provisions of this Act	 all the incidents of the said tenure attaching to any land comprised in a taluqidari estate shall be deemed to have been extinguished " Section 5	 which is of great importance for the purpose of this appeal	 read as follows before it was amended in 1953. Section 5 (1) " Subject to the provisions of subsection (2)	 (a)all taluqdari lands are and shall be liable to the payment of land revenue in accordance with the provisions of the Code and the rules made there under	 and (b)a taluqdar holding any taluqdari land or a cadet of a taluqdari family any taluqdari land hereditarily for the purpose of maintenance immediately before the coming into force of this Act	 shall be deemed to be an occupant within the meaning of the Code or any other law for the time being in force. (2)Nothing in sub section (1) shall be deemed to affect (a)the right of any person to hold any taluqdari land wholly or partially exempt from payment of land revenue under special contract or any law for the time being in force; (b)the right of any person to pay Jama under any agreement or settlement recognised under section 23 or under a declaration made under section 22 of the Taluqdars ' Act so long as such agreement	 settlement or declaration remains in force under the provisions of this Act." Now	 the argument on behalf of the appellants has proceeded on the following lines; learned counsel for them has submitted that the expression " Taluqdari land " is defined as land forming part of a taluqdari estate; but the expression " taluqdari estate" is not defined	 though the expression " Taluqdari tenure " is defined; therefore	 taluqdari estate can only mean	 400 such land or estate in which the taluqdar has some subsisting interest; but in " Lal liti " lands	 at least of the taluqdar retains no interest after the grant	 and	 therefore	 " Lal liti " land is not taluqdari land within the meaning of section 5 of the Abolition Act. We have now to consider the soundness of this line of argument. In the High Court as also before us an attempt was made on behalf of the respondents to establish that the taluqdar retained a reversionary right to " Lalliti " lands in case the holder died without any heir. The High Court said rightly in our opinion	 that on the materials placed before it	 it could not be said that the respondents had established that position. The High Court then considered the meaning of the expression ' taluqdari estate ' and said that it was used in a descriptive sense and was not equivalent to the expression 'Taluqdar 'sestate '. Said the High Court: " Therefore	 the expression " Taluqdari estate " is a comprehensive expression including all lands which at one time belonged to the Taluqdar. In the eye of the law	 although the lands might have been alienated by the Taluqdar	 they still form part of the estate. Therefore	 the expression is more an expression indicating a particular tenure rather than a particular interest enjoyed by the Taluqdar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Therefore	 if the lands	 the subject matter of the petition did at any time belong to the Taluqdar which he subsequently alienated	 they would be covered by the definition in the Act of 1949	 not withstanding the fact that when the Act was passed the Taluqdar had no interst in those lands. " We are in agreement with the view thus expressed by the High Court. Having regard to the history of the gig Lal liti " lands to which we have earlier adverted and the provisions of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 it is manifestly clear that " Lal liti " lands are lands which form part of a taluqdari estate	 even though no ' jama ' was actually paid for such lands to the taluqdar or to Government. It is necessary to refer here 401 to sections 4	 5 and 22 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888. Section 4 empowers the Government to direct a revenue survey of any Taluqdari estate; section 5 lays down what particulars the Settlement Registers prepared by the Survey Officer in respect of a taluqdari estate shall contain. One of such particulars is " the name and description and the nature and extent of interest of every alienee and of every incumbrancer of the estate or any portion thereof together with a specification of (i) the aggregate area over which such interest extends; (ii) the amount and nature of rent or land revenue	 if any	 payable or receivable by such alienee and incumbrancer	 etc.". It is not disputed before us	 and the High Court has referred to it	 that in the Settlement Registers prepared in respect of the two villages in question under section 5 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 the interest of the appellants in the " Lal liti " lands held by them was shown as comprised within the Dhanduka Taluqdari estate. This clearly showed that these " Lal liti " lands formed part of a taluqdari estate	 apart altogether from the question what interest	 if any	 the taluqdar retained in them after the alienation. Section 22 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 also points the same way. It lays down how the " jama " of a taluqdar 's estate is to be calculated: it says that the aggregate of the survey assessments of the lands composing such estate	 minus such deduction	 if any	 as the Government shall in each case direct	 shall be the " jama ". Along with their petition	 the appellants filed an annexure marked A": that annexure	 besides showing the lands of the appellants within a taluqdari estate	 also showed the "Jama " payable for each plot of land. This again showed that whether the "jama " be actually paid or not	 the " Lal liti " lands held by the appellants formed part of a taluqdari estate. We accordingly hold that learned counsel for the appellants is not right in his contention that " Lal liti " lands are not part of a taluqdari estate and	 therefore	 are not 'taluqdari lands ' within the meaning of the Abolition Act. Learned counsel for the appellants referred us to certain decisions of the Bombay High Court as to the 402 meaning of the expression " Taluqdar 's estate " in section 31 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 and contended that it meant an estate held by the Taluqdar as a Taluqdar and on the same analogy	 he urged that land forming part of a taluqdari estate must also mean land in which the taluqdar has some interest as a taluqdar (Khoda Bhai vs Chaganlal (1)	 Bichesbha Mansangji vs Vela Dhanji Patel (2) and Taluqdari Settlement Officer vs Chhagan Lal Dwarkadas (3) ). We do not think that those decisions are of any help to the appellants for the simple reason that the analogy does not apply; we are concerned here not with the meaning of the expression " taluqdar 's estate " occurring in section 31 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 but with the meaning of a different expression	 viz. " taluqdari estate " in section 2(3) of the Abolition Act. Moreover	 in some of the decisions relied on by the learned counsel	 it was recognised that there was a distinction between taluqdar 's estate ' and 'taluqdari estate. We were also addressed at some length on the effect of the relinquishment of his land by the taluqdar in favour of the Collector (Nathuram Hiraram Thakur vs The Secretary of State for India(4)) or the effect of an attachment of the village under section 144 of the Revenue Code on failure of the taluqdar to pay the assessment (Tulla Sobharam Pandya vs The Collector of Kaira (5)). We do not think that it is necessary in the present case to consider those questions. We now go to the second point urged on behalf of the appellants. This point was not urged before	 nor considered by	 the High Court in the writ application in which it gave its leading judgment. The appellants wished to urge the point in the High Court on their own application	 but were told that if the decision of the High Court in Writ Application No. 1098 of 1954 was wrong	 it could be corrected only by this Court. The argument on this point is based on section 5(1) of the Abolition Act	 which we have quoted earlier	 and is in two parts: firstly	 it is contended that if clauses (a) (1) (2) (3) (191O) (4) (5) 403 and (b) of sub section (1) of section 5 are read together	 the only reasonable conclusion is that clause (a) is merely declaratory and clause (b) is the operative clause and according to that operative clause	 the persons who become liable for payment of land revenue are only two in number	 namely	 (1) a taluqdar holding any taluqdari land and (2) a cadet of a taluqdari family holding any taluqdari land with hereditary rights for the purpose of maintenance immediately before the coming into force of the Abolition Act	 and	 therefore	 the holder of " Lal liti " lands	 assuming them to be taluqdari lands	 has no liability under section 5(1); secondly	 it is contended that even if clauses (a) and (b) of subsection (1) of section 5 are read distributively the holder of Lal liti " lands has still no liability	 because cl. (a) makes taluqdari lands liable to the payment of land revenue in accordance with the provisions of the Revenue Code and there is no provision in that Code under which a " Lal liti " holder can be made liable to the payment of land revenue. We take the first part of the argument first. How should we read clauses (a) and (b) of sub section (1) of section 5 of the Abolition Act ? Learned counsel for the appellants states that if clause (a) is also read as a clause which operates to charge all taluqdari lands with liability for payment of land revenue	 then clause (b) becomes a wholly unnecessary surplusage. On the other hand	 learned counsel for the respondents points out that if the intention was to fasten liability on two categories of persons only	 taluqdars and cadets	 then clause (a) was really unnecessary. We think that both the clauses have a meaning and purpose. Clause (a) makes all taluqdari lands liable to the payment of land revenue in accordance with the provisions of the Revenue Code. Section 3 of the Abolition Act abolishes taluqdari tenure and extinguishes all its incidents. If there was only abolition of taluqdari tenures without anything more	 there would have been a void. Obviously enough	 it was necessary to say what would happen to taluqdari lands after abolition of the taluqdari tenure. Therefore	 clause (a) states that all taluqdari lands shall be liable	 404 to the payment of land revenue in accordance with the provisions of the Revenue Code. What then is the meaning of clause (b)? It is a deeming provision by which the taluqdar and his cadet shall be deemed to be an occupant within the meaning of the Revenue Code; and I occupant ' under the Revenue Code means a holder in actual possession of unalienated land '.The word 'alienated ' has also a special meaning in the Revenue Code; it means I transferred in so far as the rights of Government to payment of rent or land revenue are concerned	 wholly or partially	 to the ownership of any person '. Clause (b) merely clarifies the position of the taluqdar and his cadet under the Abolition Act; it does not in any way derogate from clause (a); nor does it cut down the width of amplitude of clause (a). We are of the view that clauses (a) and (b) should be read together	 but not in the sense suggested by the learned counsel for the appellants. Clause (b) clarifies the position as respects two categories of persons; but that does not mean that if a third category of persons properly come under clause (a)	 they will not be liable to payment of land revenue on a specious and unwarranted assumption that clause (b) as the operating clause cuts down the amplitude of clause (a). The true view is that clause (a) is a general provision and applies the Revenue Code to all taluqdari lands	 while clause (b) is a particular deeming provision with regard to the taluqdar and his cadet. Now	 as to the second part of the argument. It is necessary to read here section 136(1) of the Revenue Code: " Section 136 (1): In the case of unalienated land the occupant	 and in the case of alienated land or taluqdari land	 the superior holder	 shall be primarily liable to the State Government for the payment of the land revenue		 including all arrears of land revenue	 due in respect of the land. Joint occupants and joint holders who are primarily liable under this section shall be jointly and severally liable. " The question is if the holder of " Lal liti " lands is	 after the Abolition Act	 an occupant of unalienated 405 land within the meaning of section 136; if he is	 then he is liable to the payment of land revenue under section 5(1)(a) of the Abolition Act read with section 136 of the Revenue Code. In dealing with this question	 which has caused us some anxiety	 we must remember the meaning of the expressions ' occupant ' and 'alienated ' used in the Revenue Code. The argument on behalf of the appellants is that a " Lal liti " holder is not an occupant of unalienated land; the respondents contend that he is	 after the enforcement of the Abolition Act. On a careful consideration of the question we have come to the conclusion that the contention of the respondents is correct. In respect of " Lal liti " lands	 Government made no 	separate settlement with the holder of such lands; the settlement was made with the taluqdar	 within which settlement " Lal liti " lands were included. The right of Government to payment of land revenue was never transferred to the holder of " Lal liti " lands though it is true that some of the taluqdars got a deduction under section 22 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 for the " Lal liti " lands. We have been addressed at some length as to what was the position of taluqdars and " Lal liti " holders previous to the Abolition Act. On behalf of the respondents it has been submitted that one characteristic of the taluqdari tenure was that the taluqdari estate was neither alienated nor unalienated within the meaning of the Revenue Code; because the taluqdars were not grantees of the British but enjoyed proprietary rights in their estates even before the advent of British rule. As to " Lal liti " lands	 they were not generally taken into account at the time of calculating the " jama " payable by the taluqdars to Government; and as a result	 they were not covered by the Settlement guarantee operating in favour of the taluqdar. Therefore	 so the argument on behalf of the respondents has proceeded	 holders of "Lal liti" lands became liable to payment of full assessment on the footing that they became occupants 52 406 of unalienated land	 with effect from the date on which the Abolition Act came into force. Learned counsel for the respondents has also drawn our attention to the list of amendments in the Revenue Code made by Schedule 1 of the Abolition Act in support of his contention that the taluqdars and all taluqdari lands have been brought into the scheme of the Revenue Code by the necessary amendments of section 136 and other sections of the Revenue Code. The narrow question before us is	 as we have stated earlier	 whether a " Lal liti " holder is an 'occupant ' of "unalienated land ' within the meaning of the Revenue Code. We are of the view that whatever may have been his position earlier	 on the abolition of the taluqdari tenure by the Abolition Act he became a holder in actual possession of land in respect of which the Government had not transferred its rights to the payment of revenue	 wholly or partially to the ownership of any person. Therefore	 the second point urged on behalf of the appellants fails in both parts. We need notice very briefly three other points urged on behalf of the appellants; because we are in such complete agreement with the High Court with regard to them	 that it is unnecessary to re state in detail the reasons which the High Court has already given. (1) As to the saving clause (c) of section 17 of the Abolition Act	 the High Court has rightly pointed out that it is the usual saving clause which says in effect that the repeal of the Gujrat ' Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 shall not be deemed to effect any declaration made or any agreement or settlement recognised etc. under the provisions of the repealed Act. The aforesaid saving clause affords	 no protection against the liability imposed by section 5 of the Abolition Act. (2) Learned counsel also relied on section 5(2)(a) of the Abolition Act	 before its repeal by the Bombay Personal Inams Abolition Act	 1952 (Bombay Act 42 of 1953)	 and based his alternative claim thereon. Here again	 the High Court rightly pointed out that there was no special contract in favour of the appellants as to exemption from payment of land revenue 407 nor was there any law for the time being in force (after the Abolition Act) which granted the holder of " Lal liti" lands exemption	 wholly or partially	 from pay ment of land revenue; therefore	 the appellants were entitled to no protection under section 5(2)(a) of the Abolition Act till August 1	 1953. (3) Lastly	 it was submitted that there was a settlement for thirty years with the taluqdari estate in question in 1925 26 and in the absence of any fresh settlement under the provisions of the Revenue Code	 a "Lal liti" holder was not liable to pay land revenue within that period. This point is completely answered by section 4 of the Abolition Act which in terms says that all revenue surveys or revised revenue surveys of taluqdari estates under section 4 of the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888	 and all settlement made shall be deemed to have been made under Chapters VIII and VIIIA of the Revenue Code and the settlement registers and other records prepared at such surveys shall be deemed to have been prepared under the corresponding provisions of the Revenue Code. We know that the "Lal liti" lands of this case were shown in the Settlement Registers prepared under the Gujrat Taluqdars ' Act	 1888. In view of the provisions of section 4 of the Abolition Act	 no fresh settlement was necessary. For the reasons given above	 we hold that the appellants have failed to show that the decision of the High Court is wrong. The appeal is accordingly dimissed with costs. Appeal dismissed.

The appellants who were holders of certain lands known as Lal liti " lands were assessed to land revenue under the provisions of the Bombay Land Revenue Code	 1879	 after the Bombay Taluqdari Tenure Abolition Act	 3 1949	 came into force. "Lal liti " lands were granted originally by Taluqdars in Gujrat to cadets	 widows of the family and relations for maintenance and to village servants and others	 either in reward for past services or as remuneration for services to be performed. Before the establishment of British rule	 Taluqdars had the position of semi independent chiefs	 but subsequent to the establishment of British rule they became mere owners of proprietary estates holding lands directly from Government	 and in respect of such estates the Gujrat Taluq dars ' Act	 1888	 was passed providing for their revenue administration. The appellants claimed that these lands had been enjoyed without payment of any " jama " since pre British times and that the exemption from payment of land revenue was not affected by the Bombay Taluqdari Tenure Abolition Act	 1949. The High Court took the view that the lands were liable to be assessed under section 5 of that Act. It was contended for the appellants	 inter alia	 that no liability for payment of land revenue in respect of " Lal liti " lands could arise under section 5 of the Act	 because (1) the Taluqdar retained no interest in such lands after the grant and	 consequently	 such lands were not taluqdari lands within the meaning of section 2(3) of the Act	 (2) clause (a) of section 5(1) of the Act was merely declaratory	 394 while cl. (b) was the operative clause by which the only persons liable for payment of land revenue were (i) a taluqdar holding any taluqdari land and (ii) a cadet of a taluqdari family holding any taluqdari land for maintenance	 and (3) even assuming thatcl. (a) made taluqdari lands liable to the payment of land revenue Code	 a " Lal liti " holder could not be made liable	 because he was not an occupant of unalienated land within the meaning of section 136(1) of the Code. Held:(1) that having regard to the history of " Lal liti lands and the provisions of the Gujrat Taluqdar 's Act	 1888	 such lands are lands which form part of a taluqdari estate	 even though no " jama " was actually paid to the taluqdar or to Government	 and are	 therefore	 taluqdari lands within the meaning of section 2(3) of the Bombay Taluqdari Abolition Act	 1949; (2)that cl. (a) of section 5(1) of the Bombay Taluqdari Abolition Act was a general provision and applied the Bombay Land Revenue Code to all taluqdari lands	 while cl. (b) was a particular deeming Provision with regard to the taluqdar and his cadet and (3)that whatever might have been the position of a " Lal liti " holder earlier	 on the abolition of the Taluqdari tenure by the Bombay Taluqdari Abolition Act	 he became a holder in actual possession of land in respect of which the Government had not transferred its rights to the payment of revenue	 wholly or partially	to the ownership of any person.