| 1 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | innovation and intellectual property rates among immigrant and canadian-born owners of small and medium-sized enterprises |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3 |  | all private-sector smes |  |  |  | smes in kbis |  |  |  |
| 4 |  | all smes | canadian-born owned | immigrant owned | p-value | all smes | canadian-born owned | immigrant owned | p-value |
| 5 |  | percent |  |  | p-value | percent |  |  | p-value |
| 6 | innovation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 7 | goods or services | 22.5 | 21.5 | 25.9 | 0.000 | 32.8 | 32.0 | 34.7 | 0.399 |
| 8 | production process or method | 14.7 | 14.1 | 17.0 | 0.000 | 18.6 | 17.5 | 21.2 | 0.169 |
| 9 | organizational | 15.4 | 15.6 | 14.7 | 0.267 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 18.5 | 0.735 |
| 10 | new way of selling | 16.4 | 15.6 | 19.2 | 0.000 | 17.0 | 16.3 | 18.8 | 0.343 |
| 11 | intellectual property |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 12 | registered trademark | 8.9 | 8.6 | 9.7 | 0.120 | 13.3 | 14.0 | 11.6 | 0.321 |
| 13 | patent | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 0.240 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 0.608 |
| 14 | registered industrial design | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.072 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 0.618 |
| 15 | trade secret | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 0.950 | 11.7 | 12.7 | 9.4 | 0.072 |
| 16 | nondisclosure agreement | 14.3 | 13.9 | 15.5 | 0.068 | 43.5 | 41.6 | 48.2 | 0.058 |

Question: what was the percent of immigrant owned firms reported a product innovation?
Answer: 25.9

Question: what was the percent of canadian-born owned firms reported a product innovation?
Answer: 21.5

Question: what was the percent of kbi firms reported a product innovation?
Answer: 32.8

Question: what was the percent of all private-sector smes in the economy as a whole reported a product innovation?
Answer: 22.5