| 1 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | u.s. r&d expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 2010-18 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3 | performing sector and source of funds | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017a | 2018b |
| 4 | current $millions |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 5 | all performing sectors | 406579 | 426160 | 433619 | 453966 | 475425 | 493684 | 515641 | 547886 | 579985 |
| 6 | business | 278977 | 294092 | 302251 | 322528 | 340728 | 355821 | 374685 | 400101 | 422070 |
| 7 | federal government | 50798 | 53524 | 52144 | 51086 | 52687 | 52847 | 51187 | 52553 | 58240 |
| 8 | federal intramuralc | 31970 | 34950 | 34017 | 33406 | 34783 | 34199 | 31762 | 32231 | 36856 |
| 9 | ffrdcs | 18828 | 18574 | 18128 | 17680 | 17903 | 18649 | 19424 | 20322 | 21383 |
| 10 | nonfederal government | 691 | 694 | 665 | 620 | 583 | 595 | 622 | 641 | 641 |
| 11 | higher education | 58083 | 60088 | 60896 | 61547 | 62349 | 64623 | 67800 | 71251 | 74722 |
| 12 | other nonprofit organizationsd | 18030 | 17762 | 17664 | 18185 | 19078 | 19798 | 21347 | 23340 | 24312 |
| 13 | all funding sources | 406579 | 426160 | 433619 | 453966 | 475425 | 493684 | 515641 | 547886 | 579985 |
| 14 | business | 248124 | 266422 | 275718 | 297168 | 318383 | 333208 | 355545 | 381137 | 404231 |
| 15 | federal government | 126616 | 127014 | 123837 | 120130 | 118365 | 119524 | 116492 | 120961 | 127246 |
| 16 | nonfederal government | 4303 | 4386 | 4158 | 4244 | 4214 | 4267 | 4481 | 4582 | 4726 |
| 17 | higher education | 12262 | 13103 | 14300 | 15378 | 16210 | 17299 | 18484 | 19723 | 21120 |
| 18 | other nonprofit organizationsd | 15275 | 15235 | 15607 | 17046 | 18254 | 19386 | 20640 | 21482 | 22662 |
| 19 | constant 2012 $millions |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 20 | all performing sectors | 423033 | 434334 | 433619 | 446136 | 458735 | 471444 | 487370 | 508272 | 525256 |
| 21 | business | 290267 | 299733 | 302251 | 316965 | 328767 | 339792 | 354142 | 371173 | 382242 |
| 22 | federal government | 52854 | 54551 | 52144 | 50205 | 50837 | 50467 | 48380 | 48753 | 52744 |
| 23 | federal intramuralc | 33264 | 35621 | 34017 | 32830 | 33562 | 32658 | 30021 | 29901 | 33378 |
| 24 | ffrdcs | 19590 | 18930 | 18128 | 17375 | 17275 | 17809 | 18359 | 18852 | 19365 |
| 25 | nonfederal government | 719 | 707 | 665 | 609 | 563 | 568 | 588 | 594 | 580 |
| 26 | higher education | 60434 | 61240 | 60896 | 60485 | 60160 | 61712 | 64083 | 66099 | 67671 |
| 27 | other nonprofit organizationsd | 18760 | 18103 | 17664 | 17871 | 18408 | 18906 | 20177 | 21653 | 22018 |
| 28 | all funding sources | 423033 | 434334 | 433619 | 446136 | 458735 | 471444 | 487370 | 508272 | 525256 |
| 29 | business | 258165 | 271531 | 275718 | 292043 | 307206 | 318197 | 336051 | 353580 | 366087 |
| 30 | federal government | 131740 | 129450 | 123837 | 118058 | 114209 | 114140 | 110105 | 112215 | 115238 |
| 31 | nonfederal government | 4477 | 4471 | 4158 | 4171 | 4066 | 4075 | 4235 | 4251 | 4280 |
| 32 | higher education | 12758 | 13354 | 14300 | 15112 | 15640 | 16520 | 17470 | 18297 | 19127 |
| 33 | other nonprofit organizationsd | 15893 | 15528 | 15607 | 16752 | 17614 | 18513 | 19508 | 19929 | 20523 |

Question: how many million dollars did research and experimental development (r&d) perform in the united states in 2017?
Answer: 547886

Question: how many dollars was the estimated total for 2018, based on performer-reported expectations?
Answer: 579985

Question: how many million dollars did u.s. r&d total of in 2015?
Answer: 493684

Question: how many million dollars did u.s. r&d total of in 2010?
Answer: 406579