| 1 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | percentage distribution and mean residential fine particulate matter (pm2.5) exposure, by urban/rural residence and selected characteristics, household population, canada, 2006 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3 | characteristic | population distribution |  |  |  |  | pm2.5 exposure |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | total |  | urban core |  | urban fringe |  | rural |  |
| 5 |  | total | total | urban core | urban fringe | rural | mean | s.d | mean | s.d | mean | s.d | mean | s.d |
| 6 | total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 70.0 | 10.1 | 19.8 | 7.05 | 5.57 | 8.03 | 4.90 | 5.62 | 4.24 | 4.32 | 2.77 |
| 7 | age group |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 8 | younger than 5 | 5.4 | 100.0 | 70.3 | 10.6 | 19.1 | 6.94 | 5.41 | 7.86 | 4.99 | 5.55 | 4.10 | 4.29 | 2.53 |
| 9 | 5 to 17 | 16.7 | 100.0 | 67.7 | 10.7 | 21.6 | 6.86 | 5.44 | 7.87 | 4.94 | 5.59 | 4.17 | 4.30 | 2.63 |
| 10 | 18 to 39 | 29.1 | 100.0 | 74.3 | 9.3 | 16.4 | 7.23 | 5.52 | 8.06 | 4.92 | 5.62 | 4.21 | 4.33 | 2.72 |
| 11 | 40 to 65 | 36.7 | 100.0 | 68.1 | 10.0 | 21.9 | 6.97 | 5.60 | 8.01 | 4.88 | 5.63 | 4.26 | 4.33 | 2.85 |
| 12 | older than 65 | 12.1 | 100.0 | 68.9 | 11.4 | 19.6 | 7.17 | 5.73 | 8.25 | 4.82 | 5.64 | 4.39 | 4.31 | 2.97 |
| 13 | visible minority or aboriginal status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 14 | white | 80.1 | 100.0 | 65.9 | 11.7 | 22.4 | 6.84 | 5.68 | 7.89 | 5.05 | 5.65 | 4.30 | 4.37 | 3.01 |
| 15 | aboriginal | 3.6 | 100.0 | 44.9 | 11.8 | 43.4 | 5.29 | 3.60 | 7.00 | 4.74 | 4.71 | 3.13 | 3.67 | 1.47 |
| 16 | visible minority | 16.3 | 100.0 | 96.0 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 8.45 | 4.33 | 8.58 | 4.10 | 5.93 | 3.99 | 4.77 | 3.18 |
| 17 | south asian | 4.1 | 100.0 | 96.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 8.36 | 4.30 | 8.46 | 4.14 | 5.86 | 3.78 | 5.02 | 3.07 |
| 18 | chinese | 3.9 | 100.0 | 97.0 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 8.38 | 3.94 | 8.48 | 3.75 | 5.73 | 3.77 | 4.66 | 2.86 |
| 19 | black | 2.5 | 100.0 | 94.9 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 8.71 | 4.54 | 8.89 | 4.18 | 6.10 | 4.31 | 4.65 | 3.44 |
| 20 | filipino | 1.3 | 100.0 | 96.4 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 8.25 | 4.38 | 8.37 | 4.17 | 5.61 | 3.54 | 4.35 | 3.15 |
| 21 | latin american | 1.0 | 100.0 | 94.4 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 8.78 | 4.46 | 8.95 | 4.19 | 6.48 | 4.50 | 5.21 | 2.98 |
| 22 | arab | 0.9 | 100.0 | 96.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 8.73 | 4.37 | 8.87 | 4.05 | 5.38 | 3.66 | 4.61 | 3.39 |
| 23 | other asian | 2.0 | 100.0 | 94.7 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 8.31 | 4.54 | 8.47 | 4.30 | 6.04 | 3.89 | 4.69 | 3.05 |
| 24 | multiple visible minority | 0.4 | 100.0 | 95.2 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 8.32 | 4.47 | 8.46 | 4.24 | 5.99 | 3.95 | 4.63 | 2.58 |
| 25 | other visible minority | 0.2 | 100.0 | 95.1 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 8.68 | 4.52 | 8.83 | 4.22 | 6.43 | 4.14 | 4.94 | 4.33 |
| 26 | immigration status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 27 | not immigrant | 79.3 | 100.0 | 64.9 | 11.8 | 23.3 | 6.73 | 5.52 | 7.81 | 5.02 | 5.58 | 4.23 | 4.29 | 2.73 |
| 28 | immigrant | 20.7 | 100.0 | 89.8 | 3.9 | 6.3 | 8.28 | 4.82 | 8.63 | 4.26 | 6.07 | 4.23 | 4.73 | 3.29 |
| 29 | education |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 30 | less than secondary graduation | 16.7 | 100.0 | 61.1 | 12.1 | 26.8 | 6.78 | 5.70 | 8.17 | 4.90 | 5.50 | 4.28 | 4.20 | 2.64 |
| 31 | secondary graduation | 16.1 | 100.0 | 69.4 | 10.6 | 19.9 | 7.08 | 5.64 | 8.06 | 4.92 | 5.73 | 4.34 | 4.38 | 2.97 |
| 32 | non-university diploma or certificate | 21.8 | 100.0 | 69.3 | 10.6 | 20.1 | 6.98 | 5.58 | 7.93 | 4.94 | 5.64 | 4.27 | 4.39 | 2.93 |
| 33 | university degree | 14.0 | 100.0 | 82.6 | 6.3 | 11.0 | 7.59 | 5.37 | 8.17 | 4.77 | 5.66 | 4.07 | 4.39 | 2.89 |
| 34 | labour force status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 35 | employed | 43.6 | 100.0 | 70.7 | 9.7 | 19.6 | 7.06 | 5.57 | 7.99 | 4.90 | 5.65 | 4.21 | 4.37 | 2.89 |
| 36 | unemployed | 22.5 | 100.0 | 69.1 | 10.9 | 20.0 | 7.13 | 5.69 | 8.19 | 4.85 | 5.61 | 4.36 | 4.28 | 2.80 |
| 37 | not in labour force | 2.5 | 100.0 | 67.4 | 9.4 | 23.2 | 7.02 | 5.79 | 8.30 | 4.86 | 5.34 | 4.27 | 3.99 | 2.36 |
| 38 | household income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 39 | less than 30,000 | 17.7 | 100.0 | 69.6 | 9.9 | 20.4 | 7.21 | 5.67 | 8.37 | 4.79 | 5.51 | 4.35 | 4.11 | 2.36 |
| 40 | 30,000 to 50,000 | 18.6 | 100.0 | 67.4 | 10.2 | 22.4 | 7.05 | 5.73 | 8.21 | 4.89 | 5.59 | 4.32 | 4.23 | 2.66 |
| 41 | 50,000 to 90,000 | 31.7 | 100.0 | 68.1 | 10.7 | 21.1 | 6.94 | 5.60 | 7.96 | 4.95 | 5.62 | 4.25 | 4.34 | 2.85 |
| 42 | more than 90,000 | 32.0 | 100.0 | 73.7 | 9.7 | 16.6 | 7.06 | 5.36 | 7.82 | 4.87 | 5.69 | 4.10 | 4.51 | 3.04 |
| 43 | low-income status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 44 | low income | 11.2 | 100.0 | 84.7 | 6.3 | 9.1 | 7.94 | 5.43 | 8.52 | 4.57 | 5.59 | 4.52 | 4.21 | 2.89 |
| 45 | not low income | 87.0 | 100.0 | 69.1 | 10.7 | 20.2 | 6.98 | 5.68 | 7.96 | 4.96 | 5.64 | 4.31 | 4.37 | 3.06 |
| 46 | visible minority and low income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 47 | white - low income | 7.1 | 100.0 | 78.3 | 8.7 | 13.0 | 7.59 | 5.76 | 8.37 | 3.85 | 5.61 | 4.56 | 4.28 | 2.96 |
| 48 | white - not low income | 73.0 | 100.0 | 65.0 | 12.0 | 23.1 | 6.78 | 5.71 | 7.84 | 5.09 | 5.65 | 4.32 | 4.38 | 3.08 |
| 49 | visible minority - low income | 3.5 | 100.0 | 98.3 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 8.86 | 3.92 | 8.92 | 3.78 | 6.02 | 4.27 | 4.66 | 3.63 |
| 50 | visible minority - not low income | 12.7 | 100.0 | 95.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 8.34 | 4.42 | 8.48 | 4.18 | 5.93 | 4.05 | 4.71 | 3.21 |

Question: what is the urban core estimate pm2.5 exposure?
Answer: 8.03

Question: what is mean urban fringe pm2.5 exposure?
Answer: 5.62

Question: what is mean rural pm2.5 exposure?
Answer: 4.32

Question: how much was the mean exposure of total visible minoriteis to pm2.5 higher than that of the white population?
Answer: 1.61

Question: what is the percentage of visible minority population who lived in urban cores?
Answer: 96

Question: what is the percentage of white population who lived in urban cores?
Answer: 65.9

Question: what is the difference between the mean pm2.5 exposure of visible moniority population and that of white population, when only urban cores were considered?
Answer: 0.69

Question: which three visible minority or aboriginal status has the highest mean pm2.5 exposures in urban cores?
Answer: latin american, black, arab

Question: how much was the mean pm2.5 exposure among total aboriginal people lower than that for white persons?
Answer: 1.55

Question: how much was the mean pm2.5 exposure among total immigrants greater than that of non-immigrants?
Answer: 1.55

Question: what is the difference in mean pm2.5 exposure between immigrants and non-immigrants, among urban core residents?
Answer: 0.82

Question: in urban cores, which group has a greater mean pm2.5 exposure, people in lower-income households or higher-income household?
Answer: low income

Question: in rural areas, which group has a less mean pm2.5 exposure, people in lower-income households or higher-income household?
Answer: low income

Question: what is the mean pm2.5 exposure of the total visible minority individuals in low-income households?
Answer: 8.86

Question: what is the difference between the mean pm2.5 exposure of the total visible minority individuals in low-income households and that of white people who did not live in low-income households?
Answer: 2.08