| 1 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | DNA sequencer - Comparison |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3 | Sequencer | Ion Torrent PGM | 454 GS FLX | HiSeq 2000 | SOLiDv4 | PacBio | Sanger 3730xl |
| 4 | Manufacturer | Ion Torrent (Life Technologies) | 454 Life Sciences (Roche) | Illumina | Applied Biosystems (Life Technologies) | Pacific Biosciences | Applied Biosystems (Life Technologies) |
| 5 | Sequencing Chemistry | Ion semiconductor sequencing | Pyrosequencing | Polymerase-based sequence-by-synthesis | Ligation-based sequencing | Phospholinked fluorescent nucleotides | Dideoxy chain termination |
| 6 | Amplification approach | Emulsion PCR | Emulsion PCR | Bridge amplification | Emulsion PCR | Single-molecule; no amplification | PCR |
| 7 | Data output per run | 100-200 Mb | 0.7 Gb | 600 Gb | 120 Gb | 0.5 - 1.0 Gb | 1.9∼84 Kb |
| 8 | Accuracy | 99% | 99.9% | 99.9% | 99.94% | 88.0% (>99.9999% CCS or HGAP) | 99.999% |
| 9 | Time per run | 2 hours | 24 hours | 3–10 days | 7–14 days | 2–4 hours | 20 minutes - 3 hours |
| 10 | Read length | 200-400 bp | 700 bp | 100x100 bp paired end | 50x50 bp paired end | 14,000 bp (N50) | 400-900 bp |
| 11 | Cost per run | $350 USD | $7,000 USD | $6,000 USD (30x human genome) | $4,000 USD | $125–300 USD | $4 USD (single read/reaction) |
| 12 | Cost per Mb | $1.00 USD | $10 USD | $0.07 USD | $0.13 USD | $0.13 - $0.60 USD | $2400 USD |
| 13 | Cost per instrument | $80,000 USD | $500,000 USD | $690,000 USD | $495,000 USD | $695,000 USD | $95,000 USD |

Question: What does DNA sequencer include?
Answer: DNA sequencer includes the 454, and SOLiD sequencing platforms.