Instruction: What is power resource theory?

Context:
Power resource theory is a political theory proposing that variations among welfare states is largely attributable to differing distributions of power between economic classes. It argues that "working class power achieved through organisation by labor unions or left parties, produces more egalitarian distributional outcomes".

Pioneered in the 1970s and 1980s by a school of Scandinavian researchers closely associated with Walter Korpi, Gøsta Esping-Andersen, and John Stephens, power resource theory is an empirical approach to examining the development, characteristics and effects of social policies in advanced industrialized nations. It attempts to account for the various approaches to social policy adopted by different nations, focusing primarily on the role and strength of labor mobilization. Its major conclusion is that social welfare provisions are larger and income inequality lower in countries where working-class people are more politically organized.

While power resource theory became the dominant paradigm among scholars in the 1990s for explaining variations between welfare states in advanced democracies, there are criticisms that point out the lack of accountability for factors such as variations in “coverage, extension, and generosity among welfare states” in addition to not accounting for the importance of political mobilization based on social class. Competing theories have also challenged power resource theory with alternative explanations for the varying levels of welfare development such as the importance of employers and cross-class alliances that exist in coordinated market societies.

Answer: Power resource theory is a political theory proposing that variations among welfare states is largely attributable to differing distributions of power between economic classes. Power resource theory was pioneered in the 1970's by a school of Scandinavian researchers and it attempts to account for the various approached to social policy adopted by different nations.


Instruction: Please give me a short bulleted list of the most important facts about the album “The Dark Side of the Moon” from the rockband Pink Floyd

Context:
The Dark Side of the Moon is the eighth studio album by the English rock band Pink Floyd, released on 1 March 1973 by Harvest Records. Developed during live performances before recording began, it was conceived as a concept album that would focus on the pressures faced by the band during their arduous lifestyle, and also deal with the mental health problems of former band member Syd Barrett, who departed the group in 1968. New material was recorded in two sessions in 1972 and 1973 at EMI Studios (now Abbey Road Studios) in London.

The record builds on ideas explored in Pink Floyd's earlier recordings and performances, while omitting the extended instrumentals that characterised the band's earlier work. The group employed multitrack recording, tape loops, and analogue synthesisers, including experimentation with the EMS VCS 3 and a Synthi A. Engineer Alan Parsons was responsible for many of the sonic aspects of the recording, and for the recruitment of session singer Clare Torry, who appears on "The Great Gig in the Sky".

The Dark Side of the Moon explores themes such as conflict, greed, time, death and mental illness. Snippets from interviews with the band's road crew and others are featured alongside philosophical quotations. The sleeve, which depicts a prismatic spectrum, was designed by Storm Thorgerson in response to keyboardist Richard Wright's request for a "simple and bold" design which would represent the band's lighting and the album's themes. The album was promoted with two singles, "Money" and "Us and Them".

The Dark Side of the Moon is among the most critically acclaimed albums and often features in professional listings of the greatest albums. It brought Pink Floyd international fame, wealth, and plaudits to all four band members. A blockbuster release of the album era, it also propelled record sales throughout the music industry during the 1970s. The Dark Side of the Moon is certified 14 times platinum in the United Kingdom, and topped the US Billboard Top LPs & Tape chart, where it has charted for 977 weeks. As of 2013, The Dark Side of the Moon has sold over 45 million copies worldwide, making it the best-selling album of the 1970s and the fourth-best-selling album in history. In 2012, it was selected for preservation in the US National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Answer:
- published on March 1, 1973
- recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London assisted by unknown sound engineer Alan Parsons
- Pink Floyd used innovative technologies such as multitrack recording and analog synthesisers
- the album explores themes such as time, death and mental illness
- as of 2013 Pink Floyd sold more than 45 million copies of “The Dark Side of the Moon"
- the album was the 4th best selling album of all time
- it was charted in the US charts for 977 weeks
- it was selected for preservation in the US National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant"


Instruction: Why do people like to travel?

Answer: Not all people like to travel, but many do.  Traveling to new places allows people to see parts of the world they've never seen before, try new food, and experience cultures that are new to them.  Travel is also a good way to get away from the day-to-day habits that can become boring or cumbersome over time.  People who do not like travel often say it's because travel is stressful and requires a lot of planning.


Instruction: What is the area of Texas in square feet?

Answer: 7.5 Trillion


Instruction: Do dogs reciprocate based on how you treat them?

Answer: Yes, dogs are wonderful pets and they make the best human companion. They also understand how to reciprocate based on how you treat them. You constantly scold and be harsh at them and they tend to avoid your company. You constantly love them and they want to be in your company. This is true about dogs even tif he person who was harsh carries their favourite treat. At the end everyone wants to be loved and a dog is no different.


Instruction: What motivates a chief executive officer?

Answer: Revenue and platform or product consumption and scalability motivate chief technology officers (CEOs).  It is the quickest way to achieve company exponential growth.  Strategic vision with laser focus execution focus items that drive company growth also motivate CEOs.  Having a team of world-class employees who help to deliver the strategic vision, and product platform scalability and consumption that increases revenue also motivates CEOs.


Instruction: Who is the little person in Game of Thrones?

Answer: Tyrion Lannister is a main character in George R.R. Martin's "Song of Ice and Fire" series. Tyrion is distinguished by his congenital dwarfism. In the "Game of Thrones" television series, which is adapted from Martin's books, Tyrion is portrayed by Peter Dinklage.


Instruction: Name some of the great TV shows of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s

Answer: Perfect Strangers, Three's Company, Cheers, Seinfeld, Mash, Small Wonder, Family Matters, Full House, The Montel Williams Show, Oprah, Sally Jesse Raphael, Dynasty, General Hospital


Instruction: Which companies did Theranos partner with in 2015?

Context:
In 2012 Safeway invested $350 million into retrofitting 800 locations with clinics that would offer in-store blood tests. After many missed deadlines and questionable results from a trial clinic at Safeway's corporate offices, the deal was terminated in 2015. In 2013, Theranos partnered with Walgreens to offer in-store blood tests at more than 40 locations. Although Theranos blood tests were reportedly used on drug trial patients for GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer, both companies stated that there were no active projects with Theranos in October 2015. In June 2016, Walgreens terminated its partnership with Theranos. In November 2016 it filed suit against Theranos in federal court in Delaware for breach of contract. In June 2017, Theranos reported to investors that the suit, which originally sought $140 million in damages, was settled for less than $30 million.

In March 2015 the Cleveland Clinic announced a partnership with Theranos to test its technology and decrease the cost of lab tests. In July 2015, Theranos became the lab-work provider for Pennsylvania insurers AmeriHealth Caritas and Capital Blue Cross.

In July 2015 the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of the company's fingerstick blood testing device for the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) outside a clinical laboratory setting. Theranos was named the 2015 Bioscience Company of the Year by the Arizona BioIndustry Association (AzBio).

Answer: Theranos partnered with Cleveland Clinic in March 2015 to test its technology and decrease the cost of lab tests. In July 2015, Theranos became the lab-work provider for Pennsylvania insurers AmeriHealth Caritas and Capital Blue Cross.


Instruction: What is daylight saving time?

Answer: Daylight saving time is a process where clock time is adjusted on specific days annually so that nightfall starts at a later clock time. Several countries, including Australia, Canada, and the United States participate. In the United States it consists of setting your clock back one hour in the fall, and setting it ahead one hour in the spring.


Instruction: What is a Husky?

Answer: A Husky is a type of dog.


Instruction: What season are each of these associated with? Snow, flowers, beaches, pumpkins

Answer: Snow: winter, flowers: spring, beaches: summer, pumpkins: fall


Instruction: Based on the given text, can you please. list some important aspects of colour theory

Context:
According to traditional color theory based on subtractive primary colors and the RYB color model, yellow mixed with purple, orange mixed with blue, or red mixed with green produces an equivalent gray and are the painter's complementary colors. These contrasts form the basis of Chevreul's law of color contrast: colors that appear together will be altered as if mixed with the complementary color of the other color. A piece of yellow fabric placed on a blue background will appear tinted orange because orange is the complementary color to blue.
However, when complementary colors are chosen based on the definition by light mixture, they are not the same as the artists' primary colors. This discrepancy becomes important when color theory is applied across media. Digital color management uses a hue circle defined according to additive primary colors (the RGB color model), as the colors in a computer monitor are additive mixtures of light, not subtractive mixtures of paints.

Answer:
1.	The painter's complementary colour based on subtractive primary colour and the RYB colour model, can be made by mixing yellow with purple, orange with blue, or red with green and it produces an equivalent gray.
2.	Since orange is complimentary colour of blue, A piece of yellow fabric placed on a blue background will appear as orange.
3.	When complementary colours are chosen based on the definition of light mixture, they are not the same as the primary colour.
4.	The digital colour management uses a hue circle of additive primary colour also known as the RGB colour model.
5.	The colorus in a computer monitor are additive mixtures of light.


Instruction: What is the fastest street legal car, actually demonstrated, in the world?

Answer: On Dec. 9, 2022, the Gas Monkey Garage-sponsored 2006 Ford GT known as the “BADD GT,” achieved a top speed of 310.8 mph (500.1 km/h) at Space Florida’s Launch and Landing Facility, located in Kennedy Space Center, Florida, making this car the fastest street legal car in the world.


Instruction: What is TESSA?

Answer: This stands for Tax Exempt Special Savings Account. It is a special savings account with banks, building societies and so on and the interest is free of tax if you keep to any rules about withdrawals.


Instruction: Given this paragraph about surfboards, summarize what a surfboard is made of

Context: Most modern surfboards are made of fiberglass foam (PU), with one or more wooden strips or "stringers", fiberglass cloth, and polyester resin (PE). An emerging board material is epoxy resin and Expanded Polystyrene foam (EPS) which is stronger and lighter than traditional PU/PE construction. Even newer designs incorporate materials such as carbon fiber and variable-flex composites in conjunction with fiberglass and epoxy or polyester resins. Since epoxy/EPS surfboards are generally lighter, they will float better than a traditional PU/PE board of similar size, shape and thickness. This makes them easier to paddle and faster in the water. However, a common complaint of EPS boards is that they do not provide as much feedback as a traditional PU/PE board. For this reason, many advanced surfers prefer that their surfboards be made from traditional materials.

Answer: Surfboards can be made out of a variety of materials, but most surfboards these days are made from a foam core that is coated in a hard exterior


Instruction: Why can't the whole world be 1 country?

Answer: The whole world cannot be one country due to cultural and geographical differences. Different countries have different languages, customs, religions, and values. There is no one set of laws, values, or language that can be applied to all countries.


Instruction: What is the .NET Framework?

Answer: .NET Framework is a managed execution environment for Windows that allows software developers to create a software application in one programming language and be assured that the app will be able to work with code written in other languages.


Instruction: Where did David Houseman go to college?

Context: Housman received his BA in 1966 and MA in 1971 from Brandeis University. As one of the first postdocs in the lab of Harvey Lodish at MIT, Housman showed that all mammalian proteins begin with a methionine residue transferred from a specific met-initiator tRNA. Between 1973 and 1975 he taught at the University of Toronto and was on the staff of the Ontario Cancer Institute. He joined the MIT faculty in 1975. In his lab at MIT, he mentored Jim Gusella and Daniel Haber.

Answer: David Houseman received his BA and MA in 1966 from Brandeis University.


Instruction: Who really invented the telephone ?

Context:
Credit for the invention of the electric telephone is frequently disputed, and new controversies over the issue have arisen from time to time. Antonio Meucci, Alexander Graham Bell, and Elisha Gray amongst others, have all been credited with the telephone's invention. The early history of the telephone became and still remains a confusing morass of claims and counterclaims, which were not clarified by the huge number of lawsuits filed in order to resolve the patent claims of the many individuals and commercial competitors. The Bell and Edison patents, however, were commercially decisive, because they dominated telephone technology and were upheld by court decisions in the United States.

The modern telephone is the result of the work of many people. Alexander Graham Bell was, however, the first to patent the telephone, as an "apparatus for transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically". Bell has most often been credited as the inventor of the first practical telephone. Johann Philipp Reis coined the term "telephon". Models of it were sent abroad, to London, Dublin, Tiflis, and other places. It became a subject for popular lectures, and an article for scientific cabinets. Edison credited him as the "first inventor of the telephone." The Italian-American inventor and businessman Antonio Meucci has been recognized by the U.S. House of Representatives for his contributory work on the telephone. Several other controversies also surround the question of priority of invention for the telephone.
The Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy considers the question of whether Bell and Gray invented the telephone independently and, if not, whether Bell stole the invention from Gray. This controversy is narrower than the broader question of who deserves credit for inventing the telephone, for which there are several claimants.

Answer: The telephone invention is a result of many contributions across the years. The most well-known, Antonio Meucci, Alexander Graham Bell, and Elisha Gray helped provided their knowledge and works to create the telephone as we know it today. Several people claimed credit for this creation but we can easily say that this invention is the fruit of humanity's collaboration to ease communication and get people closer across the globe.


Instruction: Is drinking too much water bad for you?

Answer: According to Mayo Clinic, drinking too much water rarely cause health issues. However, sometimes when people seriously overdrink and their kidneys fail catch up, cells in their body can swell, and the sodium content in blood becomes diluted. These situations can lead to a life threatening condition called hyponatremia.


Instruction: Tell me what are aspects of polytopes from given text

Context:
In geometry, a simplicial polytope is a polytope whose facets are all simplices. For example, a simplicial polyhedron in three dimensions contains only triangular faces and corresponds via Steinitz's theorem to a maximal planar graph.

They are topologically dual to simple polytopes. Polytopes which are both simple and simplicial are either simplices or two-dimensional polygons.

Answer:
1. A simplicial polytope is a polytope in geometry where each facet is a simplice.
2. As an illustration, a simplicial polyhedron in three dimensions with only triangular faces corresponds to a maximum planar network according to Steinitz's theorem.
3. They are simple polytopes topological dual.
4. Two-dimensional polygons or simplices are polytopes that are both simple and simplicial.


Instruction: Where are oysters found?

Context: Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Answer: Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats.


Instruction: What can an organization do to increase employee satisfaction apart from providing monetary benefits? What can be the focus areas? Are there any daily lists of activities which can be beneficial in this aspect?

Answer:
In modern times people are more concerned about physical well being. An organization can increase employee satisfaction and their productivity simultaneously by focussing on certain aspects which would help in improving their physical health. They should indulge in group activities which will engage the employees to follow healthier habits and lifestyle changes.

To improve physical health, organizations can take help from any collaborative app which tracks physical exercise and integrate it with internal social networks. Weekly/Monthly activity goals and new fitness challenges can be set and leaderboards can be published to encourage participation. Apart from that, the importance of a healthy diet and rest needs to be stressed as well. Strategic partnerships with healthy food manufacturers, organic grocery retailers and giving employee discounts will incentivize the process.

One other aspect which is vastly ignored is mental health. Encouraging employees to perform yoga or meditation are some of the key focus areas which an organization can explore.

Are there any daily lists of activities which can be beneficial in this aspect?

Here are few activities which can be performed as a step towards healthier lifestyle:
1. Complete at least 5k steps everyday
2. Meditate for 15 mins thrice a week
3. Perform high-intensity interval training twice a week
4. Switch to organic foods
5. Get at least 7 hours of sleep


Instruction: What is salvation in christianity?

Context:
In Christianity, salvation (also called deliverance or redemption) is the "saving  human beings from sin and its consequences, which include death and separation from God" by Christ's death and resurrection, and the justification following this salvation.

While the idea of Jesus' death as an atonement for human sin was recorded in the Christian Bible, and was elaborated in Paul's epistles and in the Gospels, Paul saw the faithful redeemed by participation in Jesus' death and rising. Early Christians regarded themselves as partaking in a new covenant with God, open to both Jews and Gentiles, through the sacrificial death and subsequent exaltation of Jesus Christ. Early Christian notions of the person and sacrificial role of Jesus in human salvation were further elaborated by the Church Fathers, medieval writers and modern scholars in various atonement theories, such as the ransom theory, Christus Victor theory, recapitulation theory, satisfaction theory, penal substitution theory and moral influence theory.

Variant views on salvation (soteriology) are among the main fault lines dividing the various Christian denominations, including conflicting definitions of sin and depravity (the sinful nature of mankind), justification (God's means of removing the consequences of sin), and atonement (the forgiving or pardoning of sin through the suffering, death and resurrection of Jesus).

Answer: Salvation in christianity is the redemption of human beings from the consequences of their sins through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Jesus's death is counted as the payment for the sin of all mankind, as recorded by Paul in his letters. This salvation is open to everyone, not just the jews. Anyone who believes that Jesus died for their sins and rose again receives the salvation that God has to offer.


Instruction: List the universities in Dublin in order of founding year ascending. Supply the answer as an enumerated list in the format {University name}, {Year of founding}

Context:
Dublin is the largest centre of education in Ireland, and is home to four universities and a number of other higher education institutions. It was the European Capital of Science in 2012.

The University of Dublin is the oldest university in Ireland, dating from the 16th century, and is located in the city centre. Its sole constituent college, Trinity College (TCD), was established by Royal Charter in 1592 under Elizabeth I. It was closed to Roman Catholics until 1793, and the Catholic hierarchy then banned Roman Catholics from attending until 1970. It is situated in the city centre, on College Green, and has over 18,000 students.

The National University of Ireland (NUI) has its seat in Dublin, which is also the location of the associated constituent university of University College Dublin (UCD), which has over 30,000 students. Founded in 1854, it is now the largest university in Ireland. UCD's main campus is at Belfield, about 5 km (3 mi) from the city centre, in the southeastern suburbs.

As of 2019, Dublin's principal, and Ireland's largest, institution for technological education and research, Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), with origins in 1887, has merged with two major suburban third level institutions, Institute of Technology, Tallaght and Institute of Technology, Blanchardstown, to form Technological University Dublin, Ireland's second largest university by student population. The new university offers a wide range of courses in areas include engineering, architecture, the sciences, health, journalism, digital media, hospitality, business, art and design, music and the humanities programmes, and has three long-term campuses, at Grangegorman, Tallaght and Blanchardstown.

Dublin City University (DCU), formerly the National Institute for Higher Education (NIHE) Dublin, offers courses in business, engineering, science, communication courses, languages and primary education. It has around 16,000 students, and its main campus is located about 7 km (4 mi) from the city centre, in the northern suburbs. Aside from the main Glasnevin Campus, the Drumcondra campuses includes the former St. Patrick's College of Education, Drumcondra now also hosting students from the nearby Mater Dei Institute of Education and students from the Church of Ireland College of Education at the DCU Campus at All Hallows College.

The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) conducts a medical school which is both a university (since 2019) and a recognised college of the NUI, and is situated at St. Stephen's Green in the city centre; there are also large medical schools within UCD and Trinity College. The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, which is also known as RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ireland's first private university. It was established in 1784 as the national body for the surgical branch of medicine in Ireland, with a role in supervision of training, and as of 2021 provides a broad range of medical education in multiple countries.

Answer:
1. Trinity College Dublin (TCD), 1592
2. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 1784
3. University College Dublin (UCD), 1854
4. Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), 1887
5. Dublin City University (DCU), 1975


Instruction: What are the best 10 high protein options to eat?

Answer: Lamb, Beef, Sardines, Salmon, Greek Yogurt,Cottage Cheese, Turkey, Chicken Breast, Egg Whites, Lentils


Instruction: What is GDPR?

Context: The General Data Protection Regulation (2016/679, "GDPR") is a Regulation in EU law on data protection and privacy in the EU and the European Economic Area (EEA). The GDPR is an important component of EU privacy law and of human rights law, in particular Article 8(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. It also addresses the transfer of personal data outside the EU and EEA areas. The GDPR's primary aim is to enhance individuals' control and rights over their personal data and to simplify the regulatory environment for international business. Superseding the Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC, the regulation contains provisions and requirements related to the processing of personal data of individuals, formally called "data subjects", who are located in the EEA, and applies to any enterprise—regardless of its location and the data subjects' citizenship or residence—that is processing the personal information of individuals inside the EEA.

Answer: GDPR stands for the General Data Protection Regulation. In EU law, GDPR aims to protect certain personal data and ensure its privacy. The goal of GDPR is give individuals greater control over their personal data.


Instruction: Which episode does Jon Snow concede to Daenerys Targaryen's authority?

Answer: Jon Snow finally refers to Daenerys as "My Queen" in the last episode of the seventh season of Game of Thrones.


Instruction: Identify which of these episodes appear in Season 5 or Season 6 of The X-Files: The Pine Bluff Variant, Bad Blood, Detour, Emily, Christmas Carol, The End, Dreamland, Triangle, Drive, The Beginning, S.R. 819, Field Trip

Answer:
Season 5: The Pine Bluff Variant, Bad Blood, Detour, Emily, Christmas Carol, The End
Season 6: Dreamland, Triangle, Drive, The Beginning, S.R. 819, Field Trip


Instruction: What is Lady Gaga's real name?

Context: Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (/ˈstɛfəni ˌdʒɜːrməˈnɒtə/ (listen) STEF-ən-ee JUR-mə-NOT-ə; born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She is known for her image reinventions and musical versatility. Gaga began performing as a teenager, singing at open mic nights and acting in school plays. She studied at Collaborative Arts Project 21, through the New York University Tisch School of the Arts, before dropping out to pursue a career in music.

Answer: Lady Gaga's real name is Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta.


Instruction: From this passage, tell me what was Osborne Computer Corporation's mistake.

Context:
The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback of a company's announcing a future product prematurely. It is an example of cannibalization.
The term alludes to the Osborne Computer Corporation, whose second product did not become available until more than a year after it was announced. The company's subsequent bankruptcy was widely blamed on reduced sales after the announcement.
The Osborne Effect states that prematurely discussing future, unavailable products damages sales of existing products. The name comes from the planned replacement of the Osborne 1, an early personal computer first sold by the Osborne Computer Corporation in 1981. In 1983, founder Adam Osborne pre-announced several next-generation computer models (the Osborne Executive and Osborne Vixen), which were only prototypes, highlighting the fact that they would outperform the existing model as the prototypes dramatically cut down assembly time. A widely held belief was that sales of the Osborne 1 fell sharply as customers anticipated those more advanced systems, leading to a sales decline from which Osborne Computer was unable to recover. This belief appeared in the media almost immediately after the company's September 1983 bankruptcy:

To give the jazzy $2,495 Osborne Executive a running start, Adam began orchestrating publicity early in 1983. We, along with many other magazines, were shown the machine in locked hotel rooms. We were required not to have anything in print about it until the planned release date in mid-April. As far as we know, nothing did appear in print, but dealers heard about the plans and cancelled orders for the Osborne 1 in droves. In early April, Osborne told dealers he would be showing them the machine on a one-week tour the week of 17 April, and emphasized that the new machine was not a competitor for the Osborne 1. But dealers didn't react the way Osborne expected; said Osborne, "All of them just cancelled their orders for the Osborne 1."

Osborne reacted by drastically cutting prices on the Osborne 1 in an effort to stimulate cash flow. But nothing seemed to work, and for several months sales were practically non-existent.

Pre-announcement is done for several reasons: to reassure current customers that there is improvement or lower cost coming, to increase the interest of the media and investors in the company's future prospects, and to intimidate or confuse competitors. When done correctly, the sales or cash flow impact to the company is minimal, with the revenue drop for the current product being offset by orders or completed sales of the new product as it becomes available. However, when the Osborne effect occurs, the quantity of unsold goods increases and the company must react by discounting and/or lowering production of the current product, both of which depress cash flow.

Answer: It's widely believed that Osborne Computer Corporation's bankruptcy was caused by the premature announcement of some highly performant successor models to their flagship Osborne 1 personal computer. The announcement was initially restricted, but as the news spread dealers cancelled orders for Osborne 1 in droves. The company drastically reduced the prices of Osborne 1 in reaction. This, however, didn't stop the decline in sales.


Instruction: What are some interesting places to visit in Canada as a tourist?

Answer:
Canada is a large country with many unique destinations. Here are a few suggestions on where to go for a vacation:

1.  Toronto - visit the CN tower and walk down Bay Street to see the Canadian Wallstreet.
2. Montreal - has a mix of both old and new sights, with some buildings dating back to the founding of the city.
3. Calgary - visit the Calgary Stampede to experience on of the world's largest rodeos.

There are many other cities in Canada to visit, but these are just a few to get started!


Instruction: Extract the various ways to say Good Friday from the text. Separate them with a new line.

Context: Good Friday is a Christian holiday commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. It is also known as Holy Friday, Great Friday, Great and Holy Friday (also Holy and Great Friday), and Black Friday.

Answer:
Good Friday is also referred to as:
Holy Friday
Great Friday
Black Friday
Great and Holy Friday
Holy and Great Friday


Instruction: What is the Taubate Prison known for

Context:
Taubaté Prison is a prison in Taubaté in São Paulo, Brazil. It is notorious for containing some of the most violent prisoners, for repeated prison riots, and for being the place where the Primeiro Comando da Capital criminal gang originated.

On December 19, 2000 The Prison Uprising ended at Taubaté Prison

released more than 20 hostages on Monday, ending an uprising at a maximum security facility that left nine prisoners dead, officials said.

The rebellion at the Taubate House of Custody and Psychiatric Treatment, about 80 miles outside Sao Paulo, began during visiting hours Sunday when an inmate opened fire with a revolver, provoking a fight with prisoners from another pavilion.

Taking advantage of the confusion, prisoners took 23 hostages including four children.

Inmates began releasing hostages in small groups Monday after authorities agreed to transfer 10 prisoners to another facility. The hostages, all of whom were unhurt said the prisoners treated them well during the ordeal.

The department said the nine victims were probably killed in a settling of scores between rival gangs.

Answer:
The Taubate Prison is a prison in Taubate in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It is notorious for containing some of the most violent prisoners, for repeated prison riots, and for being the place where the Primeiro Comando da Capital criminal gang originated.

On December 19, 2000 The Prison Uprising ended at Taubate Prison

released more than 20 hostages on Monday, ending an uprising at a maximum security facility that left nine prisoners dead, officials said.

The rebellion at the Taubate House of Custody and Psychiatric Treatment, about 80 miles outside Sao Paulo, began during visiting hours Sunday when an inmate opened fire with a revolver, provoking a fight with prisoners from another pavilion.

Taking advantage of the confusion, prisoners took 23 hostages including four children.

Inmates began releasing hostages in small groups Monday after authorities agreed to transfer 10 prisoners to another facility. The hostages, all of whom were unhurt said the prisoners treated them well during the ordeal.

The department said the nine victims were probably killed in a settling of scores between rival gangs.


Instruction: How many toes does a cat have?

Answer: A cat typically has five toes: four on its paw pad and one smaller one on the side of its arm called the declaw. Some cats are polydactyl, which means they could have more than the average number of toes.


Instruction: What is the difference between iOS and MacOS?

Answer: MacOS and iOS are both operating systems created by Apple. The MacOS focuses on desktop computing using a mouse and keyboard as primary input devices. iOS is a mobile operating system used on iPhones and iPads primarily using a touchscreen interface.


Instruction: Classify each of the following as amphibian or mammal. Dog, Toad, Salamander, Elephant, Frog, Bear

Answer: Mammals are Dog, Elephant, Bear. Amphibians are Toad, Salamander, Frog.


Instruction: Whats are the 5 best places to visit in late spring months like May?

Answer:
Late spring is the time where the weather opens up and the temperature warms but the schools are still in session, so its one of the best times to visit places that get specially hot or crowded during summer.
   Here is a list of some of the best places for late spring travels in the continental United States
1. Skagit Valley and Tulip Festival ( Washington)
2. Antelope Canyon (Arizona)
3. Zion National Park, Utah
4. Honolulu, Hawaii
5. Arches National Park, Utah


Instruction: Who is the greatest Boston Red Sox player of all time?

Answer: The Boston Red Sox have had many amazing players over their long history, so it is hard to pick the single best player. Some of the most well-known and beloved players include David Ortiz, Carlton Fisk, Carl Yastrzemski, Ted Williams, Jim Rice, and Pedro Martinez.


Instruction: How to file tax for 2022?

Answer: The last day to submit 2022 tax returns or to file an extension is Apr 18th, 2023. You can use the free tools IRS provided on their website to fill in required forms. Commerical softwares like Turbotax and H&R Block can ease some of the pain by providing a user friend UI with prompts and offers some consultancy help in the app. If you have complicated income structure, for example, self-employed or with multi-streams of investment income, consider finding a reliable CPA and let the professionals help with the tax.


Instruction: Give me a list of most popular songs of Foo Fighters

Answer:
1. Everlong
2. The Pretender
3. Best of You
4. Times like These
5. My Hero
6. Monkey Wrench
7. All My Life
8. Learn to Fly
9. Walk
10. The Sky Is a Neighbourhood
11. These days
12. Something from Nothing
13. Run
14. Stranger Things Have Happened
15. Rope


Instruction: How is the Maasai dance called the Adumu commonly called by other peoples?

Context:
Maasai music traditionally consists of rhythms provided by a chorus of vocalists singing harmonies while a song leader, or olaranyani, sings the melody. Unlike most other African tribes, Maasai widely use drone polyphony.

Women chant lullabies, humming songs, and songs praising their sons. Nambas, the call-and-response pattern, repetition of nonsensical phrases, monophonic melodies, repeated phrases following each verse being sung on a descending scale, and singers responding to their verses are characteristic of singing by females. When many Maasai women gather together, they sing and dance among themselves.

Eunoto, the coming-of-age ceremony of the warrior, can involve ten or more days of singing, dancing and ritual. The warriors of the Il-Oodokilani perform a kind of march-past as well as the Adumu, or aigus, sometimes referred to as "the jumping dance" by non-Maasai. (Both adumu and aigus are Maa verbs meaning "to jump" with adumu meaning "To jump up and down in a dance".)

Answer: The Adumu is known elsewhere as "the jumping dance" as part of it involves jumping high in the air.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Caxixi, Gunjac

Answer: Gunjac is string, Caxixi is percussion.


Instruction: Classify each of the following as having two or four legs: human, horse, dog, cat, monkey, kangaroo, boar

Answer:
Human: Two Legs
Horse: Four Legs
Dog: Four Legs
Cat: Four Legs
Monkey: Two Legs
Kangaroo: Two Legs
Boar: Four Legs


Instruction: What did Apple co-founder, Steve Jobs, die from?

Answer: Steve Jobs died in 2011 from pancreatic cancer.


Instruction: What is the number one selling dog?

Answer: The American Kennel Club released its 2022 registration statistics and found that after being the most popular dog breed for three decades, the Labrador Retriever was outranked by the French Bulldog.


Instruction: How to gain more subscriber in Youtube

Answer:
1. Post daily
2. Stick to one theme for your channel
3. DO not post same type of post everyday


Instruction: How do you play basketball

Answer: Basketball is a game played on a court with five players on each team. There are two baskets that are 10 feet tall on each end of the court and the goal of the game is to get the ball into the basket at the opposing end of the court. Each basket is worth two points, unless the ball is shot from outside of an arc that is painted on the floor. If the shot it made outside of the arc, then it's worth three points. The games are 48 minutes long with 4 even quarters at 12 minutes each. The clock also stops every time a basket is made, the ball goes out of bounds, or a foul is committed. When running with the ball, a player must continuously bounce it off the ground or else it's considered traveling which is a not allowed. Additionally, aggressive contact is also considered a foul. Basketball is more about finesse than it is about physicality. Whichever team scores the most points by the end of the game wins


Instruction: Given this information about Vietnam, which country does it share its northern border with?

Context: Vietnam or Viet Nam[n 3] (commonly abbreviated VN; Vietnamese: Việt Nam, [vîət nāːm] (listen)), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV),[n 4] is a country in Southeast Asia. It is located at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of 331,212 square kilometres (127,882 sq mi) and population of 99 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country. Vietnam borders China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City (commonly referred to by its former name, Saigon).

Answer: China


Instruction: Given a reference text about Farhad Moshiri, what do his painted jars look like?

Context:
Farhad Moshiri (born 1963 in Shiraz) is an Iranian artist currently based in Tehran. His art work is rooted in Pop art dialect with a subtle, subversive socio-political commentary.

Biography
Moshiri studied fine arts at California Institute of the Arts in Valencia, California, in the 1980s, where he first started experimenting with installations, video art and painting. He received his MFA from California Institute of the Arts in 1984, before moving back to Tehran in 1991. He subsequently became well known for his ironic interpretations of hybrids between traditional Iranian forms and those of the consumerist and globalized popular culture widespread in his country.

In the early 2000s, Moshiri was most readily associated with his paintings of jars, which are decorated with traditional Iranian sayings and poetic verse, written in Persian calligraphy. These monumental containers have been described as receptacles of life, memory and desire, and reflect his fascination with archaeology.

His painted jars, which form a trademark of his production, look like three-dimensional objects, bursting with popular foods, drinks and desserts, with popular scripts elegantly written on their body. Other significant works include Stereo Surround Sofa (2004), Silver Portrait on Red (2004), Diamond Brain (2004-5) and A Dream in Tehran (2007).

Moshiri is also interested in the repetition of numbers and letters in scripts for their intrinsic beauty as opposed to any literal meaning or sense they might hold

In Kennedy’s Salt and Pepper Shaker, from 2005, he presents the instantly recognizable Kennedy couple in the form of salt and pepper shakers.

His work is held in several public collections, including the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, the Farjam Collection, Dubai, and the British Museum, London.

He is represented by The Third Line gallery in Dubai, Galerie Emmanuel Perrotin in Paris, New York, Tokyo and Hong Kong, Rodolphe Janssen in Brussels, and Thaddeus Ropac in Salzburg and London

Answer: Farhad Moshiri's painted jars look like three-dimensional objects bursting with popular drinks, foods, and desserts.


Instruction: Retrieve and list the Sum41 albums mentioned in the text

Context:
Sum 41 is a Canadian rock band from Ajax, Ontario. Originally called Kaspir, the band was formed in 1996 and currently consists of Deryck Whibley (lead vocals, guitars, keyboards), Dave Baksh (lead guitar, backing vocals), Jason "Cone" McCaslin (bass, backing vocals), Tom Thacker (guitars, keyboards, backing vocals), and Frank Zummo (drums, percussion, occasional backing vocals).

In 1999, Sum 41 signed an international record deal with Island Records and released its first EP, Half Hour of Power, in 2000. The band released its debut album, All Killer No Filler, in 2001. The album achieved mainstream success with its first single, "Fat Lip", which reached number one on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and remains the band's most successful single to date. The album's next singles "In Too Deep" and "Motivation" also achieved commercial success. All Killer No Filler was certified platinum in both the United States and the United Kingdom and triple platinum in Canada. In 2002, the band released Does This Look Infected?, which was also a commercial and critical success. The singles "The Hell Song" and "Still Waiting" both charted highly on the modern rock charts.

The band released its next album, Chuck, in 2004, led by singles "We're All to Blame" and "Pieces". The album proved successful, peaking at number 10 on the Billboard 200. In 2007, the band released Underclass Hero, which was met with a mixed reception, but became the band's highest-charting album to date. It was also the band's last album on Aquarius Records. The band released the album Screaming Bloody Murder, on Island Records in 2011 to a generally positive reception, though it fell short of its predecessors' commercial success. The band's sixth studio album, 13 Voices was released in 2016. IMPALA awarded the album with a double gold award for 150,000 sold copies across Europe. The band's seventh studio album Order in Decline was released on July 19, 2019. The band is in production of their eighth studio album titled Heaven and Hell. A release date has yet to be announced.

Answer:
The albums mentioned in the text are:
- All Killer No Filler
- Does This Look Infected?
- Chuck
- Underclass Hero
- Screaming Bloody Murder
- 13 Voices
- Order in Decline
- Heaven and Hell


Instruction: How do I do a headstand?

Answer: Start in a tabletop position with your knees on the ground and your hands placed underneath your shoulders.  Draw your chin into your chest and lower the crown of your head onto the ground.  Curl your toes under and lift your knees up off the ground.  Place each knee on your tricep.  Push into the heal of your palm to lift your knees off your tricep.  With your low core deeply engaged, continue to lift your knees higher until your legs are fully extended.  Make sure you keep your breath slow while inverted, and then slowly reverse the steps.  You have now done your first head stand!


Instruction: Based on this paragraph, what is the diameter of a 10 F Foley catheter in mm?

Context:
The relative size of a Foley catheter is described using French units (F). Alternatively, the size of a 10 F catheter might be expressed as 10 Ch (Charriere units – named after a 19th century French scientific instrument maker, Joseph-Frédéric-Benoît Charrière). The most common sizes are 10 F to 28 F. 1 F is equivalent to 0.33 mm = .013" = 1/77" of diameter. Foley catheters are usually color coded by size with a solid color band at the external end of the balloon inflation tube, allowing for easy identification of the size. Note: Colors for French sizes 5, 6, 8, 10 may vary significantly if intended for pediatric patients. Color for French size 26 may also be pink instead of black.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foley_catheter

Answer: According to this paragraph, the diameter of a 1 F catheter is 1/77mm so the diameter of a 10 F catheter is 10/77mm.


Instruction: What is the definition of Vegan?

Context: Veganism is the practice of abstaining from the use of animal product—particularly in diet—and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals. An individual who follows the diet or philosophy is known as a vegan.

Answer: Veganism is the practice of abstaining from the use of animal product


Instruction: What is an Ironman Triathlon?

Answer: An Ironman Triathlon is a multi-sport event that consists of a 2.4 mile swim, 112 mile bike ride,  and 26.2 mile run.


Instruction: How many slide positions are there on a trombone

Answer: There are 7 slide positions on a trombone, where each slide position is a half step apart from the next slide position. In combination with changes in air pressure to change the pitch of the note, a trombone player adjusts the slide position to produce various tones at various octaves.


Instruction: Tell me whether these are European countries or Asian countries: Spain, France, Norway, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Portugal, Brazil, South Africa, Canada, China, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, The Philippines

Answer:
Not all of them are European countries or Asian countries! Brazil, South Africa, Canada are not part of Europe or Asia.

These are the European countries: Spain, France, Norway, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Portugal

And these are Asian countries: China, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, The Philippines


Instruction: What country has the highest GDP?

Context: The United States is a highly developed country, and its economy accounts for approximately a quarter of global GDP and is the world's largest by GDP at market exchange rates. By value, the United States is the world's largest importer and second-largest exporter. Although it accounts for just over 4.2% of the world's total population, the U.S. holds over 30% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share held by any country.

Answer: The United States has the world's largest GDP at market rate exchange rates.  The United States also accounts for approximately 25% of the global GDP.  It is the largest importer and second-largest exporter.  Having only 4.2% of the world's population, the United States holds over 30% of the total wealth in the world, which is the largest share held by one country.


Instruction: Which Dutch explorer reached Tasmania and New Zealand in 1642?

Answer: The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman reached Tasmania and New Zealand in 1642.


Instruction: What do the different ski slope colors mean?

Answer:
1) Green (usually represented by a circle): these are beginner slopes and are not very steep. A New skier should be able to navigate these without losing control or catching too much speed, but more advanced skiers tend to find these too flat.
2) Blue (usually represented by a square): These are intermediate slopes with some steeper or more narrow runs. Skiers of all skill levels can enjoy these, but beginners might need to take it slow on some of the steeper parts.
3) Black (usually represented by a diamond): These are for advanced skiers only and have steep drops and/or obstacles.
4) Double Black (usually represented by two diamonds): These are only for the most experienced and advanced skiers and usually include extreme drops with significant obstacles.


Instruction: Categorize each of the following fundamental particles as either interacting via the strong force, the electromagnetic force, the weak force,  or the gravitation force: a neutrino, an electron, a proton, a neutron.

Answer:
A neutrino interacts through the weak force.
An electron interacts through the electromagnetic force and the gravitational force.
A proton interacts via the strong force , the electromagnetic force and the gravitational force.
A neutron interacts via the strong force and the gravitational force.


Instruction: What are some of the ways that people celebrate the "Jindo's Sea Way" festival in South Korea?

Context:
A medium-sized hunting dog breed called the Korean Jindo Dog originates from Jindo. It is known in Korea for its fierce loyalty, attachment to home and hunting abilities. Since 1936, the dog is considered as a national cultural legacy and has been protected during the war times. There is a Jindo Dog Research and Testing Center on the island.

The tide-related sea level variations result in a land pass 2.9 km long and 10–40 meters wide opening for approximately an hour between the main Jindo island and the small Modo island to the south of Jindo. The event occurs about twice a year, around April–June. It had long been celebrated in a local festival called "Jindo's Sea Way", but was largely unknown to the world until 1975, when the French ambassador Pierre Randi described the phenomenon in a French newspaper. Nowadays, nearly half a million foreign and local tourists attend the event annually. It is accompanied by local festivals which include Ganggangsuwollae (Korean traditional circle dance), Ssitkim-gut (a shaman ritual, consoling the souls of the dead), Deul Norae (traditional farmers songs), Manga (burial ceremony songs), Jindo dog show, Buknori (drum performance) and fireworks.

The island has three art galleries, Sojun, Namjin and Sochi, containing collections of painters who worked here over the past centuries.

Answer: Almost half a million people travel to Jindo annually to celebrate the "Jindo's Sea Way" festival each year. Celebrations include traditional circle dancing, farmer songs, fireworks, and a Jindo dog show.


Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a type of coffee bean or a Latin dance style: bachata, huehuetenango, tango, Jamaican Blue mountain, merengue, salsa, Tanzanian Peaberry, Ethiopian Harrar, Kenya AA, flamenco

Answer:
Coffee bean: huehuetenango, Jamaican Blue mountain, Tanzanian Peaberry, Ethiopian Harrar, Kenya AA
Latin dance style: bachata, tango, merengue, salsa, flamenco


Instruction: How are sub-lets traditionally they handled?

Answer: Many properties try to be as hands-off as possible when dealing with sub-lets and others go as far as to deter and make sub-letting as difficult as possible. No follow-up calls to replacement tenants, massive sub-let fees, and even trying to persuade replacement tenants to sign a new lease, with move-in specials. While all this may help your property in the short-run with maintaining and driving your current occupancy up; mishandling sub-lets can be detrimental to your property in the long run. Reputation and brand management are the most important factors in generating new leads and driving traffic to your property. Word-of-mouth reputation, online reviews, and social media platforms all suffer from the hands-off/no sub-letting mindset. No one wants to lease at an apartment that will try to keep him or her in their lease when they need to move back home to tend to a family emergency or transfer schools to better their education. Sub-lets will ALWAYS be a part of your property, regardless of how great your customer service may be.


Instruction: What is Fortran?

Answer: Fortran is a general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.


Instruction: Write a letter to a school asking for an appointment to tour their facility

Answer:
Dear Sir / Madam:

We live in Amsterdam and are parents of a bright 8 year old. We have heard wonderful things about your school and are interested in a tour. We would love to meet the admissions director and tour the facilities.

Can you please let us know your availability in the coming few weeks?

Thank you!


Instruction: What is the capital city of Croatia?

Answer: Zagreb is the capital city of Croatia


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kisanji, Tonkori

Answer: Tonkori is string, Kisanji is percussion.


Instruction: Which of the following ski resorts are in Colorado and which are in Utah: Alta Ski Area, Brighton Ski Resort, Snowbird, Solitude Mountain Resort, Deer Valley Resort, Park City Mountain,  Woodward Park City, Nordic Valley Resort, Powder Mountain, Snowbasin, Sundance Resort, Beaver Mountain Resort, Cherry Peak Resort, Brian Head Resort, Eagle Point Resort, Keystone, Copper Mountain, Vail Resort, Beaver Creek, Eldora

Answer: The following ski resorts are in Utah: Alta Ski Area, Brighton Ski Resort, Snowbird, Solitude Mountain Resort, Deer Valley Resort, Park City Mountain,  Woodward Park City, Nordic Valley Resort, Powder Mountain, Snowbasin, Sundance Resort, Beaver Mountain Resort, Cherry Peak Resort, Brian Head Resort, Eagle Point Resort. The following ski resorts are in Colorado: Keystone, Copper Mountain, Vail Resort, Beaver Creek, Eldora


Instruction: What are three meals that a small child is likely to eat for lunch?

Answer: Most small children will enjoy chicken nuggets, macaroni and cheese, or a peanut butter and jelly sandwich as the main course. You can include fruits, such as grapes, berries, apples, or oranges, as well as vegetables, such as carrots, celery, or broccoli, to make it a meal.


Instruction: How many atomic bombs have been used in combat in human history?

Answer: Two atomic bombs have been deployed against populations in human history


Instruction: Tell me which of the eight planets in our solar system have moons and which do not. Classify the planets into 'No Moon', 'One Moon', and 'Multiple Moons'. The planets are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Answer:
No Moon: Mercury and Venus.
One Moon: Earth and Mars.
Multiple Moons: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.


Instruction: What are some common wilderness and survival skills?

Answer: Some common survival skills are ones that do not rely on carrying specific equipment but do require a working knowledge of prior to being stranded int he wilderness. Being able to use a map and compass is top of mind, as if you are lost ,finding your way back to civilization in short order is critical, particularly if you have little to no supplies. Being able to create shelter in adverse weather is also necessary, as humans exposed to harsh elements to extended periods have a smaller chance of survival. Since food and water are also paramount to survival, understanding your best chances on locating water that is safe to drink or that can be purified using natural resources is a skill set most would consider critical; almost equally, knowing what in nature is edible for foraging will help fuel someone. An example is being able to identify which mushrooms or berries are safe versus toxic. Lastly, being able to monitor one's own vital signs to avoid situations like hypothermia are important, because hypothermia is considered a "silent killer."


Instruction: Who sang Big Big Deal

Context: "Big Big Deal" is a song by the British singer-songwriter Steve Harley, which was released as his debut, non-album solo single in 1974. The song, which was written and produced by Harley, would be his last release before scoring the UK number one hit "Make Me Smile (Come Up and See Me)" in 1975. "Big Big Deal" also preceded the formation of the second line-up of Harley's band Cockney Rebel.

Answer: Big Big Deal is a song by the British singer-songwriter Steve Harley, which was released as his debut, non-album solo single in 1974.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Igil, Bara

Answer: Bara is percussion, Igil is string.


Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the movie that did well across the globe but received underwhelming traction in Matt Damon's home country.

Context: In 2014, he starred in George Clooney's The Monuments Men, and played the minor role of scientist Dr. Mann, in Christopher Nolan's Interstellar. That same year, Damon appeared as a celebrity correspondent for Years of Living Dangerously In 2015, Damon portrayed the main character, astronaut Mark Watney, in Ridley Scott's The Martian, based on Andy Weir's best-selling novel of the same name, a role that earned him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy and his second Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. Having not returned for the fourth film in the Bourne film series, Damon reprised his role in 2016's Jason Bourne, reuniting with Paul Greengrass. In 2017, Damon played the lead role in Zhang Yimou's The Great Wall, a hit internationally and a disappointment at the domestic box office. The film, and Damon's casting, were not well received by critics. Later in 2017, he starred in two satires, George Clooney's 1950s-set Suburbicon, which was released in October, and Alexander Payne's comedy Downsizing, which was released in December In 2019, Damon portrayed Carroll Shelby in the action biographical drama Ford v Ferrari, directed by James Mangold.

Answer: Zhang Yimou's The Great Wall performed well globally but did not meet domestic box office expectations.


Instruction: Why are shiba inus the best dogs?

Answer:
Shiba inus are the best dogs because they are intuitive, smart, independent, affectionate (at times) and easy to train.  They are also the perfect size (moderately compact) and weighs on average 20-25 lbs, making them small enough to carry but sturdy enough to hug.  This makes them great for smaller-sized homes or apartments.  They tend to also be quite friendly to other humans and pets, so it's easy to take them to dog parks, on hikes and to beaches without having to worry about aggression towards humans or other dogs.

The most important reason -- shiba inus are just unbelievably cute -- they look like foxes, with their prick ears, lush curly tail and thick double coats.


Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Simbakubwa, Arctic Wolf

Answer: Arctic Wolf is alive, Simbakubwa is extinct.


Instruction: Who composed the 'Moonlight Sonata', and when?

Answer:
Commonly known as the Moonlight Sonata, the Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-sharp minor "Quasi una fantasia", Op. 27, No. 2, was composed by Ludwig van Beethoven.
The composition was completed in 1801 and dedicated to the Countess Giulietta Guicciardi in 1802. It's one of the most popular musical compositions for the piano.


Instruction: Who is Marshall Strickland

Context: Marshall Strickland (born March 1, 1983) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball at Indiana University for four years from 2002 to 2006. He is originally from Kingston, Massachusetts and went to Winchendon Prep in Winchendon before transferring to South Carroll High School in Carroll County, Maryland. He is 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) tall and weighs 195 pounds (88 kg). He is the son of Marshall and Joanna Strickland, and younger brother of former Maryland Terrapins star Marche Strickland. Marshall is a graduate of the University of Maryland School of Dentistry in 2017.

Answer:
Marshall Strickland (born March 1, 1983) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball at Indiana University for four years from 2002 to 2006.

He is originally from Kingston, Massachusetts and went to Winchendon Prep in Winchendon before transferring to South Carroll High School in Carroll County, Maryland. He is 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) tall and weighs 195 pounds (88 kg).

He is the son of Marshall and Joanna Strickland, and younger brother of former Maryland Terrapins star Marche Strickland. Marshall is a graduate of the University of Maryland School of Dentistry in 2017.


Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is French or American: Peugeot, Ford

Answer: Peugeot is French, Ford is American


Instruction: What is Twice's debut album?

Context:
Twice (Korean: 트와이스; RR: Teuwaiseu; Japanese: トゥワイス, Hepburn: Tuwaisu; commonly stylized as TWICE) is a South Korean girl group formed by JYP Entertainment. The group is composed of nine members: Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Momo, Sana, Jihyo, Mina, Dahyun, Chaeyoung, and Tzuyu. Twice was formed under the television program Sixteen (2015) and debuted on October 20, 2015, with the extended play (EP) The Story Begins.

Twice rose to domestic fame in 2016 with their single "Cheer Up", which charted at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart, became the best-performing single of the year, and won "Song of the Year" at the Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards. Their next single, "TT", from their third EP Twicecoaster: Lane 1, topped the Gaon charts for four consecutive weeks. The EP was the highest selling Korean girl group album of 2016. Within 19 months after debut, Twice had already sold over 1.2 million units of their four EPs and special album. As of December 2020, the group has sold over 15 million albums cumulatively in South Korea and Japan.

The group debuted in Japan on June 28, 2017, under Warner Music Japan, with the release of a compilation album titled #Twice. The album charted at number 2 on the Oricon Albums Chart with the highest first-week album sales by a K-pop artist in Japan in two years. It was followed by the release of Twice's first original Japanese maxi single titled "One More Time" in October. Twice became the first Korean girl group to earn a platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) for both an album and CD single in the same year. Twice ranked third in the Top Artist category of Billboard Japan's 2017 Year-end Rankings, and in 2019, they became the first Korean girl group to embark on a Japanese dome tour.

Twice is the first female Korean act to simultaneously top both Billboard's World Albums and World Digital Song Sales charts with the release of their first studio album Twicetagram and its lead single "Likey" in 2017. With the release of their single "Feel Special" in 2019, Twice became the third female Korean act to chart into the Canadian Hot 100. After signing with Republic Records for American promotions as part of a partnership with JYP Entertainment, the group has charted into the US Billboard 200 with More & More and Eyes Wide Open in 2020, Taste of Love and Formula of Love: O+T=<3 in 2021, and Between 1&2 in 2022. Their first official English-language single, "The Feels", became their first song to enter the US Billboard Hot 100 and the UK Singles Chart, peaking at the 83rd and 80th positions of the charts, respectively. They have been dubbed the next "Nation's Girl Group", and their point choreography—including for "Cheer Up" (2016), "TT" (2016), "Signal" (2017), and "What Is Love?" (2018)—became dance crazes and viral memes imitated by many celebrities.

Answer: Twice is a South Korean girl group that was formed under a television program called Sixteen on October 20, 2015. The group debuted with an EP called "The Story Begins." The group then went on to make their debut in Japan under Warner Music Japan on June 28, 2017 with a compilation album named "#Twice".


Instruction: You have been asked to join the School Health Advisory Council to develop a new policy that focuses on the development of a more sustainable food service. List the steps you would take to develop and implement the new policy. How would you involve staff, families, and children?

Answer:
Communicate with families to list out their children’s favorite food items and eating habits. Such as allergy items and if any family requests that no milk or milk-based substitute be given to their children. Also families' dietary restrictions due to religious beliefs, personal beliefs, cultural customs and health issues.
Based on those pieces of information, develop the food-from-home policy. Restrict all allergy items to school. Meeting with all staff involves, such as teachers, kitchen staff, nutrition professionals and parents who are interested, to have a planning menu together.
For children, we can ask about their favorite foods and talk about healthy choices to get prepared for them to enjoy the new food items. Through activities and discussions to help them experience the richness of all cultures through diversity in food and food customs. Practice emerging independence by using child-sized containers and utensils, allowing preschoolers to set tables, pour beverages, serve themselves and clear their places.


Instruction: Why is the band Phish so popular?

Answer: Phish have taken influences from many genres of music including rock, metal, blues, jazz, country, latin, barbershop quartet, and americana and blended it into their own take on improvisational jam band rock.  Their music often contains sections that are composed interspersed with long improvisational passages.  Each time you hear one of their songs, in part, it has never been heard before.  The setlists of their live shows are never been repeated, each one is different.  Each of the musicians is virtuosic in their instrument - Trey Anastasio on guitar, Page McConnell on Keyboard, Mike Gordon on bass, and Jon Fishman on drums.  Their live shows are high energy and the music takes fans on a journey.  Their lighting director, Chris Kuroda, is known as the fifth member of the band as the lighting meshes seamlessly with the music.  Phish has been together since 1983 and over the course of the past 40 years they have hundreds of original songs as well as incorporating their own take on many cover songs.  The lyrics range from whimsical to melancholic but are more often geared towards the whimsical side.  Phish is regarded as being one of the most influential bands, along with the Grateful Dead, in the jam band music scene.  Like the Grateful Dead, their fans tend to be incredibly devoted, often traveling to see many shows in a single tour.


Instruction: What's Rockhopper Exploration PLC business?

Context:
Rockhopper Exploration PLC is an oil and gas exploration company headquartered in Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom. It owns offshore exploration and production licences in the North Falkland Basin in the waters north of the Falkland Islands.

Rockhopper is listed on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange.

Answer: Rockhopper Exploration PLC is in the oil and gas business, headquartered in Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom.


Instruction: Is it better to run or to walk?

Answer: Deciding if running or walking depends on the environment you are in and your capabilities as a person.  The health benefits primarily of walking and running is raising the heart rate.  Consistency is key and it is better to maintain a regular walking habit then to have a sporadic running habit.  If somebody is able to maintain a regular running habit they will see the most benefit from a cardiovascular perspective.


Instruction: According to Sanderson's Law of Magic, what is the difference between hard and soft magic?

Context: The idea of hard magic and soft magic was popularized by Sanderson for world building and creating magic systems in fictional settings. The terminology of hard and soft originate from hard and soft sciences, which lends itself towards hard science fiction and soft science fiction. Both terms are approximate ways of characterizing two ends of a spectrum. Hard magic systems follow specific rules, the magic is controlled and explained to the reader in the narrative detailing the mechanics behind the way the magic 'works' and can be used for building settings that revolve around the magic system. Soft magic systems may not have clearly defined rules or limitations, or they may provide limited exposition regarding their workings. They are used to create a sense of wonder to the reader.

Answer: Hard magic is always strictly constrained by a set of rules which can simulate a more ordered world to the reader, while soft magic if more flexible, has no clearly defined limitations and can be used to imbue a sense of wonder to the reader.


Instruction: How does the J programming language improve upon the syntax of APL?

Context:
The J programming language, developed in the early 1990s by Kenneth E. Iverson and Roger Hui, is an array programming language based primarily on APL (also by Iverson).

To avoid repeating the APL special-character problem, J uses only the basic ASCII character set, resorting to the use of the dot and colon as inflections to form short words similar to digraphs. Most such primary (or primitive) J words serve as mathematical symbols, with the dot or colon extending the meaning of the basic characters available. Also, many characters which in other languages often must be paired (such as [] {} "" `` or <>) are treated by J as stand-alone words or, when inflected, as single-character roots of multi-character words.

Answer: J avoids using the special characters required in APL by instead using only ASCII symbols and combining them with dot and colon. This makes it a lot easier to type on a standard keyboard.


Instruction: What is the National Payments Corporation of India?

Answer:
The National Payments Corporation of India is an umbrella organization for operating retail payments and settlement systems in India, is an initiative of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Indian Banks’ Association (IBA) under the provisions of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, for creating a robust Payment & Settlement Infrastructure in India. It was created by RBI for operating retail payments and settlement systems in India.

Founded in December 2008, the NPCI is a not-for-profit organisation registered under Section 8 of the Companies Act 2013, established by the Reserve Bank of India and Indian Banks' Association. The organisation is owned by a consortium of major banks, and has been promoted by the country's central bank, the Reserve Bank of India. The NPCI was incorporated in December 2008 and the Certificate of Commencement of Business was issued in April 2009. The authorised capital has been pegged at ₹3 billion (US$38 million) and paid-up capital is ₹1 billion (US$13 million).


Instruction: Which TV series was narrated by Walter Winchell

Answer: The Untouchables


Instruction: At what age can you get a driver's permit in the state of Washington?

Answer: 15


Instruction: My cat is constantly meowing by the door after I let her out once, but it's dangerous for cats to be outdoors unsupervised. What are some ways I can train her to stop meowing?

Answer:
There are a few different ways you can train your cat to stop meowing:
- Get a clicker, and whenever she pauses her meowing, click the clicker and give her a treat. The clicker trains her to associate her behavior with the reward.
- Find something else to entertain her, such as a cat toy, or a video of wildlife.
- Build an outdoor enclosure for her, accessible from a cat door. This will allow her to go outside, but in a safe and controller environment.


Instruction: classify each of the following as living or non-living: dog, table, cat, tree, pen, book.

Answer:
living: dog, cat, tree
non-living: table, pen, book


Instruction: What is YouTube?

Answer: YouTube is a consumer video-sharing platform owned by Alphabet.


Instruction: Highlight relevant facts related to Heidelberg

Context:
Heidelberg (German: [ˈhaɪdl̩bɛʁk] (listen); Palatine German: Heidlberg) is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914, of which roughly a quarter consisted of students.

Located about 78 km (48 mi) south of Frankfurt, Heidelberg is the fifth-largest city in Baden-Württemberg. Heidelberg is part of the densely populated Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region.

Heidelberg University, founded in 1386, is Germany's oldest and one of Europe's most reputable universities. Heidelberg is a scientific hub in Germany and home to several internationally renowned research facilities adjacent to its university, including the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and four Max Planck Institutes. The city has also been a hub for the arts, especially literature, throughout the centuries, and it was designated a "City of Literature" by the UNESCO Creative Cities Network.

Heidelberg was a seat of government of the former Electorate of the Palatinate and is a popular tourist destination due to its romantic cityscape, including Heidelberg Castle, the Philosophers' Walk, and the Baroque old town.

Answer: Heidelberg has the oldest University in Germany. The city is a scientific hub and home to several internationally renowned research facilities. It was designated a "City of Literature" by the UNESCO Creative Cities Network.


Instruction: Help me understand how I would grow a garden in my backyard

Answer: Growing a garden in your backyard requires yearlong dedication. Gardens can be composed of a variety of different types of plants and trees, depending on the size of the garden. Some plants are seasonal and must be re-planted every year. To plant such plants in your backyard, you will need to plant them usually in the winter or spring seasons. Then, you will need to regularly water those plants so that they bloom. Other plants and trees can be planted once and continue to grow year-round. These kinds of trees need to only be planted once and cared for regularly with water and fertilizer.


Instruction: Which is a bird or fish: Bluethroat, Blue catfish

Answer: Bluethroat is a bird, Blue catfish is a fish


Instruction: Classify each of these things as either "Able to fit in a bread box" or "Unable to fit in a bread box": an elephant, a hockey stick, a loaf of bread, an ant, a lightbulb, a ceiling fan, a pair of blue jeans

Answer:
An elephant: Unable to fit in a bread box
A hockey stick: Unable to fit in a bread box
A loaf of bread: Able to fit in a bread box
An ant: Able to fit in a bread box
A lightbulb: Able to fit in a bread box
A ceiling fan: Unable to fit in a bread box
A pair of blue jeans: Able to fit in a bread box


Instruction: What is Cisco's formal company name, where is their headquarters, and how many employees are there in the company?

Context: Cisco Systems, Inc., commonly known as Cisco, is an American-based multinational digital communications technology conglomerate corporation headquartered in San Jose, California. Cisco develops, manufactures, and sells networking hardware, software, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products. Cisco specializes in specific tech markets, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), domain security, videoconferencing, and energy management with leading products including Webex, OpenDNS, Jabber, Duo Security, and Jasper. Cisco is one of the largest technology companies in the world ranking 74 on the Fortune 100 with over $51 billion in revenue and nearly 80,000 employees.

Answer: Cisco Systems, Inc. is located in San Jose, California and has nearly 80,000 employees.


Instruction: What caused World War 1?

Answer: There is no definite answer, however there are several speculations about what caused World War 1. An answer approved by many historians is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist organization. This assassination led to Austria-Hungary declaring war against Serbia. In response to this declaration, many countries joined forces under the guise of 'alliance'.


Instruction: Extract a list of all the administrative departments and function rooms found in the King's Building based on this paragraph.

Context:
The King's Building is a Grade I listed building that forms part of the Strand Campus of King's College London in the United Kingdom. Originally named the College Building, the King's Building was designed by Sir Robert Smirke in the course of the College's foundation in 1829. As the founding building, it was built between 1829 and 1831 on land granted to King's College by the Government to complete the riverside frontage of Somerset House.

There are today a total of eight floors in the King's Building: Basement level, Ground level, Levels 1 to 4, Level 4U and Level 6. The King's Building houses a number of administrative departments (Estates & Facilities Offices, Admissions Office, Accommodation and Cashiers' Office), lecture theatres (most notably the Edmond J. Safra Lecture Theatre and Anatomy Lecture Theatre), the College Chapel, the Great Hall, various function rooms (Old Council Room, Committee Room, River Room, Somerset Room, St David's Room), study rooms and a catering outlet.

Answer: The administrative departments are Estates & Facilities Offices, Admissions Office, Accommodation and Cashiers' Office. The function rooms are Old Council Room, Committee Room, River Room, Somerset Room and St David's Room


Instruction: What is database meaning?

Answer: A database is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system. A database is usually controlled by a database management system (DBMS).


Instruction: What is the Charles 'Chick' Evans Memorial Scholarship?

Answer: The Charles "Chick" Evans Memorial Scholarship is given to deserving young caddies that have demonstrated excellence in the classroom, in their community and on the golf course. It is a full tuition paid scholarship and includes paid housing. The scholarship was referenced in the famous movie 'Caddyshack'.


Instruction: Given these paragraphs about Large language models, what corpus was the first model in OpenAI's GPT series trained in 2018 on?

Context:
A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning. LLMs emerged around 2018 and perform well at a wide variety of tasks. This has shifted the focus of natural language processing research away from the previous paradigm of training specialized supervised models for specific tasks.

Properties
Though the term large language model has no formal definition, it often refers to deep learning models having a parameter count on the order of billions or more. LLMs are general purpose models which excel at a wide range of tasks, as opposed to being trained for one specific task (such as sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or mathematical reasoning). The skill with which they accomplish tasks, and the range of tasks at which they are capable, seems to be a function of the amount of resources (data, parameter-size, computing power) devoted to them, in a way that is not dependent on additional breakthroughs in design.

Though trained on simple tasks along the lines of predicting the next word in a sentence, neural language models with sufficient training and parameter counts are found to capture much of the syntax and semantics of human language. In addition, large language models demonstrate considerable general knowledge about the world, and are able to "memorize" a great quantity of facts during training.

Hallucinations
Main article: Hallucination (artificial intelligence)
In artificial intelligence in general, and in large language models in particular, a "hallucination" is a confident response that does not seem to be justified by the model's training data.

Emergent abilities

On a number of natural language benchmarks involving tasks such as question answering, models perform no better than random chance until they reach a certain scale (in this case, measured by training computation), at which point their performance sharply increases. These are examples of emergent abilities.
Unpredictable abilities that have been observed in large language models but that were not present in simpler models (and that were not explicitly designed into the model) are usually called "emergent abilities". Researchers note that such abilities "cannot be predicted simply by extrapolating the performance of smaller models". These abilities are discovered rather than programmed-in or designed, in some cases only after the LLM has been publicly deployed. Hundreds of emergent abilities have been described. Examples include multi-step arithmetic, taking college-level exams, identifying the intended meaning of a word, chain-of-thought prompting, decoding the International Phonetic Alphabet, unscrambling a word’s letters, identifying offensive content in paragraphs of Hinglish (a combination of Hindi and English), and generating a similar English equivalent of Kiswahili proverbs.

Architecture and training
Large language models have most commonly used the transformer architecture, which, since 2018, has become the standard deep learning technique for sequential data (previously, recurrent architectures such as the LSTM were most common). LLMs are trained in an unsupervised manner on unannotated text. A left-to-right transformer is trained to maximize the probability assigned to the next word in the training data, given the previous context. Alternatively, an LLM may use a bidirectional transformer (as in the example of BERT), which assigns a probability distribution over words given access to both preceding and following context. In addition to the task of predicting the next word or "filling in the blanks", LLMs may be trained on auxiliary tasks which test their understanding of the data distribution such as Next Sentence Prediction (NSP), in which pairs of sentences are presented and the model must predict whether they appear side-by-side in the training corpus.

The earliest LLMs were trained on corpora having on the order of billions of words. The first model in OpenAI's GPT series was trained in 2018 on BookCorpus, consisting of 985 million words. In the same year, BERT was trained on a combination of BookCorpus and English Wikipedia, totalling 3.3 billion words. In the years since then, training corpora for LLMs have increased by orders of magnitude, reaching up to hundreds of billions or trillions of tokens.

LLMs are computationally expensive to train. A 2020 study estimated the cost of training a 1.5 billion parameter model (1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than the state of the art at the time) at $1.6 million.

A 2020 analysis found that neural language models' capability (as measured by training loss) increased smoothly in a power law relationship with number of parameters, quantity of training data, and computation used for training. These relationships were tested over a wide range of values (up to seven orders of magnitude) and no attenuation of the relationship was observed at the highest end of the range (including for network sizes up to trillions of parameters).

Application to downstream tasks
Between 2018 and 2020, the standard method for harnessing an LLM for a specific natural language processing (NLP) task was to fine tune the model with additional task-specific training. It has subsequently been found that more powerful LLMs such as GPT-3 can solve tasks without additional training via "prompting" techniques, in which the problem to be solved is presented to the model as a text prompt, possibly with some textual examples of similar problems and their solutions.

Fine-tuning
Main article: Fine-tuning (machine learning)
Fine-tuning is the practice of modifying an existing pretrained language model by training it (in a supervised fashion) on a specific task (e.g. sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or part-of-speech tagging). It is a form of transfer learning. It generally involves the introduction of a new set of weights connecting the final layer of the language model to the output of the downstream task. The original weights of the language model may be "frozen", such that only the new layer of weights connecting them to the output are learned during training. Alternatively, the original weights may receive small updates (possibly with earlier layers frozen).

Prompting
See also: Prompt engineering and Few-shot learning (natural language processing)
In the prompting paradigm, popularized by GPT-3, the problem to be solved is formulated via a text prompt, which the model must solve by providing a completion (via inference). In "few-shot prompting", the prompt includes a small number of examples of similar (problem, solution) pairs. For example, a sentiment analysis task of labelling the sentiment of a movie review could be prompted as follows:

Review: This movie stinks.
Sentiment: negative

Review: This movie is fantastic!
Sentiment:

If the model outputs "positive", then it has correctly solved the task. In zero-shot prompting, no solve examples are provided. An example of a zero-shot prompt for the same sentiment analysis task would be "The sentiment associated with the movie review 'This movie is fantastic!' is".

Few-shot performance of LLMs has been shown to achieve competitive results on NLP tasks, sometimes surpassing prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Examples of such NLP tasks are translation, question answering, cloze tasks, unscrambling words, and using a novel word in a sentence. The creation and optimisation of such prompts is called prompt engineering.

Instruction tuning
Instruction tuning is a form of fine-tuning designed to facilitate more natural and accurate zero-shot prompting interactions. Given a text input, a pretrained language model will generate a completion which matches the distribution of text on which it was trained. A naive language model given the prompt "Write an essay about the main themes of Hamlet." might provide a completion such as "A late penalty of 10% per day will be applied to submissions received after March 17." In instruction tuning, the language model is trained on many examples of tasks formulated as natural language instructions, along with appropriate responses. Various techniques for instruction tuning have been applied in practice. OpenAI's InstructGPT protocol involves supervised fine-tuning on a dataset of human-generated (prompt, response) pairs, followed by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), in which a reward function was learned based on a dataset of human preferences. Another technique, "self-instruct", fine-tunes the language model on a training set of examples which are themselves generated by an LLM (bootstrapped from a small initial set of human-generated examples).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_language_model

Answer: BookCorpus.


Instruction: What are the most high demands jobs in the market right now?

Answer:
-Nurse Practitioner
-Physician Assistant
-Medical and Health Services Manager
-Information Security Analyst
-Web Developer
-Dentist


Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the length of cricket pitch

Context:
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played on a cricket field (see image, right) between two teams of eleven players each. The field is usually circular or oval in shape and the edge of the playing area is marked by a boundary, which may be a fence, part of the stands, a rope, a painted line or a combination of these; the boundary must if possible be marked along its entire length.

In the approximate centre of the field is a rectangular pitch (see image, below) on which a wooden target called a wicket is sited at each end; the wickets are placed 22 yards (20 m) apart. The pitch is a flat surface 10 feet (3.0 m) wide, with very short grass that tends to be worn away as the game progresses (cricket can also be played on artificial surfaces, notably matting). Each wicket is made of three wooden stumps topped by two bails

Answer: Length of cricket pitch is 22 yards


Instruction: What is the recipe to make non-spicy Awadhi chicken biryani?

Answer:
2 lb bone-in chicken
2½ cups basmati rice, washed, rinsed, and soaked in water, for 30 minutes
2 tablespoons vegetable oil
2 bay leaves
4 cloves
4 green cardamom pods
2 black cardamom pods
10 black peppercorns
1" stick cinnamon
½ cup yogurt, beaten
½ cup red onion, sliced
2 teaspoon garlic paste
2 teaspoon ginger paste
salt, to taste
½ tsp red chili powder or to taste
½ cup red onion sliced and fried
1 teaspoon garam masala powder
Orange good color - a pinch
1 chicken bouillon cube (optional)

Prepare chicken

Heat oil in a heavy bottomed pot. To this, add 1 bay leaf, 2 cloves, 2 green cardamom pods, 1 black cardamom, peppercorns and 1/4" cinnamon. Sauté until fragrant. Next, add onion slices and fry on medium heat until onions turn golden brown.
Add garlic and ginger paste. Fry until the raw smell goes off.Add chicken and mix well. Add chilli powder, ½ tsp garam masala powder and yogurt. Mix well. Cover and cook on medium-low flame until chicken is cooked through. Add little water if needed to cook. However at the end, any remaining gravy should be evaporated.

Prepare rice

Add 10 cups of water to a large deep heavy bottomed pot. Add 2 tsp salt, 1 bay leaf, 2 cloves, 2 green cardamom pods, 1 black cardamom, and 1/4" cinnamon to the water. At this time,  you can also add the bouillon. Once the water is boiling, add soaked rice and gently stir to combine. Cook on medium high heat until the rice is cooked 90% through, stirring gently. Drain the rice and keep aside

Layer chicken and rice

In the pot that you boiled the rice in, add 1/8 cup water. Take 1/3 cooked rice and spread a layer evenly. Then put a layer of 1/2 chicken. Generously sprinkle fried onions, oil, pinch of garam masala powder. Then repeat the rice and chicken layers alternating. The last layer should be rice on top. Add some oil and garam masala powder and fried onions on the top layer. Sprinkle orange food color. Close the lid and put on high heat until the water at the bottom of the pot starts steaming through. Then put the heat on low and cover the lid. Let it steam through for 15-20 min. Gently mix b folding over the chicken and rice layers. Biryani is ready!

Serve with cucumber "raita"


Instruction: Identify the differences in recognizing the signs of a heart attack versus a stroke from the following: shortness of breath, sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm, or leg, nausea, sweating, sudden confusion, and severe headaches.

Answer:
Heart attack signs: shortness of breath, sweating, nausea
Stroke signs: sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm, or leg; severe headaches, sudden confusion


Instruction: What is the difference between medicare and medicaid?

Answer:
Medicare and medicaid are government-run health insurance programs designed to provide health care coverage for different qualifying groups.

Medicare is a federal program that provides healthcare coverage for people 65 years of age or older.  It can also provide coverage for people under 65 years old if they have a qualifying disability.  There are no income limits in order to qualify for medicare.

Medicaid is a state and federal program that provides health insurance for people with low income and assets.   Individual states establish financial eligibility guidelines to determine who is eligible for coverage.

It's possible to enroll in medicare and medicaid at the same time if all qualifications are met for both programs.


Instruction: On a backcountry backpacking trip where we expect to cross waterways, categorize each of the following as either 'useful', 'not useful', 'dangerous' or 'neither'.  A chinchilla, a compass, granola, dry bag, seventeen oars, thermite, ten tons of uranium ore.

Answer:
Useful
compass
granola
dry bag
seventeen oars

Not Useful

Dangerous
chinchilla
thermite
ten tons of uranium ore

None


Instruction: Give me a list of the core things to focus on when training for a run or race

Answer:
The three things you should focus on are:

1) Endurance: eg. how far you can run

2) Speed: eg. how fast you can run your given distance

3) Strength: how well you can power through changes in elevation


Instruction: What is ice cream

Answer: Ice cream is a frozen dessert, typically made from milk or cream and flavored with a sweetener, either sugar or an alternative, and a spice, such as cocoa or vanilla, or with fruit such as strawberries or peaches. It can also be made by whisking a flavored cream base and liquid nitrogen together. Food coloring is sometimes added, in addition to stabilizers. The mixture is cooled below the freezing point of water and stirred to incorporate air spaces and to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming. The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (below 2 °C or 35 °F). It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.


Instruction: Make me a bullet list of things to bring camping

Answer:
- Tent
- Camping stove
- Water bottles
- Camping dishes
- Hiking boots
- Backpack
- Sleeping bag


Instruction: how to survive on Mars

Answer:
Surviving on Mars would be a challenging and dangerous endeavor. However, here are some steps that could increase your chances of survival:

Oxygen: Mars' atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide, so you'll need to find a way to generate oxygen. One way is to use a process called electrolysis to extract oxygen from water.

Water: Water is essential for survival, so you'll need to find a source of water on Mars. This could be in the form of ice or underground reserves.

Food: Growing your own food on Mars would be difficult, but not impossible. You could use hydroponics or aeroponics to grow plants indoors, or find ways to grow crops outdoors.

Shelter: Mars' harsh environment would require a well-built shelter to protect you from the extreme cold, radiation, and dust storms. The shelter would need to be well insulated and sealed to prevent air leaks.

Energy: You'll need a reliable source of energy to power your shelter and equipment. Solar panels could be used to generate electricity, or nuclear reactors could be used for more efficient energy production.

Communications: Communication with Earth would be crucial for survival. You would need a reliable communication system to send and receive messages from Earth, as well as to coordinate with other astronauts on Mars.

Medical Supplies: Medical emergencies could arise on Mars, so having a well-stocked medical kit and the knowledge to treat basic medical issues would be important.

Mental Health: Living in isolation on Mars could take a toll on your mental health. Maintaining social connections with other astronauts, regular exercise, and engaging in activities to combat boredom would be important for mental health.

Surviving on Mars would require a great deal of preparation, resources, and expertise. It would also require a strong will to persevere through the challenges of living on an inhospitable planet.


Instruction: Who is the director of "Who Killed Hanna Jane?"

Context: Who Killed Hannah Jane? is a 1984 Australian television film about the murder conviction of Arthur Peden directed by Peter Fisk and starring Graham Rouse, June Salter, Judi Farr, Edward Howell, and Barry Otto. It was the third of four telemovies called Verdict produced by the ABC dramatising real cases (the others being The Dean Case, The Amorous Dentist, and The Schippan Mystery)

Answer: Peter Fisk is the director of the film.