rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: Carnival

In Catalonia people dress in masks and costume (often in themed groups) and organize a week-long series of parties, pranks, outlandish activities such as bed races, street dramas satirizing public figures and raucous processions to welcome the arrival of Sa Majestat el Rei Carnestoltes (His Majesty King Carnival), known by various titles, including el Rei dels poca-soltes (King of the Crackpots), Princep etern de Cornudella (Eternal Prince of Cuckoldry), Duc de ximples i corrumputs (Duke of Fools and the Corrupt), Marquès de la bona mamella (Marquis of the lovely breast), Comte de tots els barruts (Count of the Insolent), Baró de les Calaverades (Baron of Nocturnal Debaucheries), and Senyor de l'alt Plàtan florit, dels barraquers i gamberrades i artista d'honor dalt del llit (Lord of the Tall Banana in Bloom, of the Voyeurs and Punks and the Artist of Honor upon the Bed).

Question: Where do people dress in masks and costume?
Answer: Catalonia

Question: What are raced as part of the festivities? 
Answer: bed

Question: What is Cantalonian for Eternal Prince of Cuckoldry?
Answer: Princep etern de Cornudella

Question: Who has a lovely breast?
Answer: Marquès

Question: Who is upon the bed?
Answer: the Artist of Honor
Title: Carnival

The King presides over a period of misrule in which conventional social rules may be broken and reckless behavior is encouraged. Festivities are held in the open air, beginning with a cercavila, a ritual procession throughout the town to call everyone to attend. Rues of masked revelers dance alongside. On Thursday Dijous Gras (Fat Thursday) is celebrated, also called 'omelette day' (el dia de la truita), coques (de llardons, butifarra d'ou, butifarra) and omelettes are eaten. The festivities end on Ash Wednesday with elaborate funeral rituals marking the death of King Carnival, who is typically burned on a pyre in what is called the burial of the sardine (enterrament de la sardina), or, in Vilanova, as l'enterro.

Question: Who oversees the period of reckless behavior?
Answer: The King

Question: What is the ritual procession through the town to call everyone to attendance called?
Answer: cercavila

Question: Fat Thursday is also known as what day?
Answer: omelette day

Question: Who is typically burned on a pyre?
Answer: King Carnival

Question: When may conventional social rules be broken?
Answer: a period of misrule
Title: Carnival

The Carnival of Vilanova i la Geltrú has documented history from 1790 and is one of the richest in the variety of its acts and rituals. It adopts an ancient style in which satire, the grotesque body (particularly cross-dressing and displays of exaggerated bellies, noses and phalli) and above all, active participation are valued over glamorous, media-friendly spectacles that Vilanovins mock as "thighs and feathers". It is best known for Les Comparses (held on Sunday), a tumultuous dance in which 12,000 or more dancers organized into rival groups throw 75 tons of hard candies at one other. The women protect their faces with Mantons de Manila (Manila shawls) but eye-patches and slings for broken arms are common the following week. Vilanovins organize an elaborate ritual for the arrival of King Carnival called l'Arrivo that changes every year. It includes a raucous procession of floats and dancers lampooning current events or public figures and a bitingly satiric sermon (el sermo) delivered by the King himself. On Dijous Gras, Vilanovin children are excused from school to participate in the Merengada, a day-long scene of eating and fighting with sticky, sweet meringue.

Question: What city's carnival has documented history from 1790?
Answer: Vilanova i la Geltrú

Question: What do the Vilanovins mock the media friendly Carnivals as being about?
Answer: "thighs and feathers"

Question: In what dance do the participants lob more than 75 tons of hard candy at each other?
Answer: Les Comparses

Question: What do dancers lampoon in the ritual heralding the coming of King Carnival?
Answer: current events or public figures

Question: What's the name of the day-long agenda of eating and fighting with meringue?
Answer: Merengada
Title: Carnival

Adults have a meringue battle at midnight at the historic Plaça de les Cols. In the mysterious sortida del Moixo Foguer (the outing of Little-Bird-Bonfire) accompanied by the Xerraire (jabberer) who insults the crowd. In the King's precession he and his concubines scandalize the town with their sexual behavior. A correfoc (fire run) or Devil's dance (Ball de diables, features dancing youth amid the sparks and explosions of the ritual crew of devils. Other items includes bed races in the streets, the debauched Nit dels Mascarots, Karaoke sausage roasts, xatonades, the children's party, Vidalet, the last night of revelry, Vidalot, the talking-dance of the Mismatched Couples (Ball de Malcasats) and the children's King Caramel whose massive belly, long nose and sausage-like hair hint at his insatiable appetites.

Question: What sort of battle do the adults have at midnight?
Answer: meringue

Question: Who throws insults at the crowd?
Answer: the Xerraire

Question: What behavior scandalizes the town?
Answer: sexual

Question: Who creates sparks and explosions?
Answer: ritual crew of devils

Question: Who is the children's King?
Answer: Caramel
Title: Carnival

For the King's funeral, people dress in elaborate mourning costume, many of them cross-dressing men who carry bouquets of phallic vegetables. In the funeral house, the body of the King is surrounded by an honor guard and weeping concubines, crying over the loss of sexual pleasure brought about by his death. The King's body is carried to the Plaça de la Vila where a satiric eulogy is delivered while the townspeople eat salty grilled sardines with bread and wine, suggesting the symbolic cannibalism of the communion ritual. Finally, amid rockets and explosions, the King's body is burned in a massive pyre.

Question: What do people dress in for the King's funeral?
Answer: elaborate mourning costume

Question: Who carries floral arrangements of penis-like veggies?
Answer: cross-dressing men

Question: Who weeps around the body of the King?
Answer: concubines

Question: What type of eulogy is provided for the King?
Answer: satiric

Question: What ritual suggests symbolic cannibalism?
Answer: communion
Title: Carnival

Carnaval de Solsona takes place in Solsona, Lleida. It is one of the longest; free events in the streets, and nightly concerts run for more than a week. The Carnival is known for a legend that explains how a donkey was hung at the tower bell − because the animal wanted to eat grass that grew on the top of the tower. To celebrate this legend, locals hang a stuffed donkey at the tower that "pisses" above the excited crowd using a water pump. This event is the most important and takes place on Saturday night. For this reason, the inhabitants are called "matarrucs" ("donkey killers").

Question: What is one of the longest free events in the streets?
Answer: Carnaval de Solsona

Question: How long can the nightly concerts run for?
Answer: more than a week

Question: What was a donkey hung from according to local legend?
Answer: the tower bell

Question: How does the donkey piss on the crowd below?
Answer: water pump

Question: What does "matarrucs" mean?
Answer: donkey killers
Title: Carnival

Tarragona has one of the region's most complete ritual sequences. The events start with the building of a huge barrel and ends with its burning with the effigies of the King and Queen. On Saturday, the main parade takes place with masked groups, zoomorphic figures, music and percussion bands, and groups with fireworks (the devils, the dragon, the ox, the female dragon). Carnival groups stand out for their clothes full of elegance, showing brilliant examples of fabric crafts, at the Saturday and Sunday parades. About 5,000 people are members of the parade groups.

Question: What do the events of Tarragona start with?
Answer: building of a huge barrel

Question: On what day does the main parade take place?
Answer: Saturday

Question: What are the clothing of the Carnival groups full of?
Answer: elegance

Question: Who has one of the most complete ritual agendas?
Answer: Tarragona

Question: About how many people are members of the various parade groups?
Answer: 5,000
Title: Carnival

Carnival means weeks of events that bring colourfully decorated floats, contagiously throbbing music, luxuriously costumed groups of celebrants of all ages, King and Queen elections, electrifying jump-ups and torchlight parades, the Jouvert morning: the Children's Parades and finally the Grand Parade. Aruba's biggest celebration is a month-long affair consisting of festive "jump-ups" (street parades), spectacular parades and creative contests. Music and flamboyant costumes play a central role, from the Queen elections to the Grand Parade. Street parades continue in various districts throughout the month, with brass band, steel drum and roadmarch tunes. On the evening before Lent, Carnival ends with the symbolic burning of King Momo.

Question: What contagiously throbs during the week of events?
Answer: music

Question: How long does Aruba's biggest celebration last?
Answer: a month

Question: What type of costumes play a central role in the Queen elections?
Answer: flamboyant

Question: What continues in various districts throughout the month of the Carnival?
Answer: Street parades

Question: When is King Mom symbolically burnt?
Answer: On the evening before Lent
Title: Carnival

Carnival is known as Crop Over and is Barbados's biggest festival. Its early beginnings were on the sugar cane plantations during the colonial period. Crop over began in 1688, and featured singing, dancing and accompaniment by shak-shak, banjo, triangle, fiddle, guitar, bottles filled with water and bones. Other traditions included climbing a greased pole, feasting and drinking competitions. Originally signaling the end of the yearly cane harvest, it evolved into a national festival. In the late 20th century, Crop Over began to closely mirror the Trinidad Carnival. Beginning in June, Crop Over runs until the first Monday in August when it culminates in the finale, The Grand Kadooment.

Question: What is the Carnival known as in Barbados?
Answer: Crop Over

Question: Where did the festival in Barbados originate from?
Answer: sugar cane plantations

Question: What year did Crop Over begin?
Answer: 1688

Question: What activity is done using a greased pole?
Answer: climbing

Question: What is the finale of Crop Over called?
Answer: The Grand Kadooment
Title: Carnival

A major feature is the calypso competition. Calypso music, originating in Trinidad, uses syncopated rhythm and topical lyrics. It offers a medium in which to satirise local politics, amidst the general bacchanal. Calypso tents, also originating in Trinidad, feature cadres of musicians who perform biting social commentaries, political exposés or rousing exhortations to "wuk dah waistline" and "roll dat bumper". The groups compete for the Calypso Monarch Award, while the air is redolent with the smells of Bajan cooking during the Bridgetown Market Street Fair. The Cohobblopot Festival blends dance, drama and music with the crowning of the King and Queen of costume bands. Every evening the "Pic-o-de-Crop" Show is performed after the King of Calypso is finally crowned. The climax of the festival is Kadooment Day celebrated with a national holiday when costume bands fill the streets with pulsating Barbadian rhythms and fireworks.

Question: What type of competition is a major feature of the festival?
Answer: calypso

Question: Where did Calypso music originate?
Answer: Trinidad

Question: Who perform biting social commentaries?
Answer: musicians

Question: What do the musical groups compete for?
Answer: the Calypso Monarch Award

Question: What is the climax of the festival called?
Answer: Kadooment Day
Title: Carnival

Comparsas are held throughout the week, consisting of large groups "of dancers dancing and traveling on the streets, followed by a Carrosa (carriage) where the musicians play. The Comparsa is a development of African processions where groups of devotees follow a given saint or deity during a particular religious celebration". One of the most popular comparsas of Fiesta de Carnaval is the male group comparsa, usually composed of notable men from the community who dress up in outlandish costumes or cross-dress and dance to compete for money and prizes. Other popular activities include body painting and flour fighting. "On the last day of Carnival painters flood the street to paint each other. This simply means that a mixture of water paint and water or raw eggs is used to paint people on the streets, the goal being to paint as many people as you can".

Question: What's the name of the vehicle where the musicians play?
Answer: a Carrosa

Question: What do devotees follow during a particular religious celebration?
Answer: a given saint or deity

Question: Who are usually included the group comparsa?
Answer: notable men from the community

Question: What is used in some of the festive fights?
Answer: flour

Question: What is the goal of the Carnival painters?
Answer: to paint as many people as you can
Title: Carnival

Carnival in Haiti started in 1804 in the capital Port-au-Prince after the declaration of independence. The Port-au-Prince Carnival is one of the largest in North America. It is known as Kanaval in the Creole language. It starts in January, known as "Pre-Kanaval", while the main carnival activities begin in February. In July 2012, Haiti had another carnival called Kanaval de Fleur. Beautiful costumes, floats, Rara parades, masks, foods, and popular rasin music (like Boukman Eksperyans, Foula Vodoule, Tokay, Boukan Ginen, Eritaj, etc.) and kompa bands (such as T-Vice, Djakout No. 1, Sweet Micky, Kreyòl La, D.P. Express, Mizik Mizik, Ram, T-Micky, Carimi, Djakout Mizik, and Scorpio Fever) play for dancers in the streets of the plaza of Champ-de-Mars. An annual song competition takes place.

Question: What year did the Carnival start in Haiti?
Answer: 1804

Question: What event precipitated the Carnival starting in Haiti?
Answer: declaration of independence

Question: What is the Carnival known as in the Creole language?
Answer: Kanaval

Question: What type of bands play for dancers in the streets?
Answer: kompa

Question: What type of annual competition takes place during Kanavel?
Answer: song
Title: Carnival

J'ouvert, or "Dirty Mas", takes place before dawn on the Monday (known as Carnival Monday) before Ash Wednesday. It means ""opening of the day". Revelers dress in costumes embodying puns on current affairs, especially political and social events. "Clean Mud" (clay mud), oil paint and body paint are familiar during J'ouvert. A common character is "Jab-jabs" (devils, blue, black or red) complete with pitchfork, pointed horns and tails. A King and Queen of J'ouvert are chosen, based on their witty political/social messages.

Question: When does  Dirty Mas take place on the Monday before Ash Wednesday?
Answer: before dawn

Question: What do the costumes worn by the revelers pun about?
Answer: current affairs,

Question: What is "Clean Mud"?
Answer: clay

Question: What are "jab-jabs"?
Answer: devils

Question: How are the King and Queen of J'ouvert chosen?
Answer: based on their witty political/social messages
Title: Carnival

Carnival Tuesday hosts the main events. Full costume is worn, complete with make-up and body paint/adornment. Usually "Mas Boots" that complement the costumes are worn. Each band has their costume presentation based on a particular theme, and contains various sections (some consisting of thousands of revelers) that reflect these themes. The street parade and band costume competition take place. The mas bands eventually converge on the Queen's Park Savannah to pass on "The Stage" for judging. The singer of the most played song is crowned Road March King or Queen earning prize money and usually a vehicle.

Question: On what day is full costume worn?
Answer: Carnival Tuesday

Question: What is usually worn on the feet to compliment the costumes?
Answer: "Mas Boots"

Question: What does each band base their costume presentation on?
Answer: theme

Question: What do the mas bands eventually converge on?
Answer: the Queen's Park Savannah

Question: Who gets to be crowned Road March King or Queen?
Answer: The singer of the most played song
Title: Carnival

In Mexico, Carnival is celebrated in about 225 cities and towns. The largest is in Mazatlán and the city of Veracruz with others in Baja California and Yucatán. The larger city Carnivals employ costumes, elected queens and parades with floats, but Carnival celebrations in smaller and rural areas vary widely depending on the level of European influence during Mexico's colonial period. The largest of these is in Huejotzingo, Puebla where most townspeople take part in mock combat with rifles shooting blanks, roughly based on the Battle of Puebla. Other important states with local traditions include Morelos, Oaxaca, Tlaxcala and Chiapas.

Question: About how many cities and towns in Mexico is Carnival celebrated in?
Answer: 225

Question: What contributes to the variations of the celebrations in the rural areas?
Answer: level of European influence

Question: Where do people take part in mock combat with blank shooting rifles?
Answer: Huejotzingo, Puebla

Question: What is the mock combat roughly based on?
Answer: the Battle of Puebla

Question: Morelos, Oaxaca, Tlaxcala and Chiapas are important states which also have their own what?
Answer: local traditions
Title: Carnival

Carnival celebrations, usually referred to as Mardi Gras (Fat Tuesday in French), were first celebrated in the Gulf Coast area, but now occur in many states. Customs originated in the onetime French colonial capitals of Mobile (now in Alabama), New Orleans (Louisiana) and Biloxi (Mississippi), all of which have celebrated for many years with street parades and masked balls. Other major American cities with celebrations include Washington, DC; St. Louis, Missouri; San Francisco; San Diego; Galveston, Texas; and Miami, Pensacola, Tampa, and Orlando in Florida.

Question: What does Mardi Gras translate to in French?
Answer: Fat Tuesday

Question: Where was Mardi Gras first celebrated?
Answer: Gulf Coast area

Question: What originated in the onetime French colonial capitals?
Answer: Customs

Question: What has been part of the celebrations for many years?
Answer: street parades and masked balls

Question: Washington, D.C. and Galveston, Texas are some major American cities which have what?
Answer: celebrations
Title: Carnival

Carnival is celebrated in New York City in Brooklyn. As in the UK, the timing of Carnival split from the Christian calendar and is celebrated on Labor Day Monday, in September. It is called the Labor Day Carnival, West Indian Day Parade or West Indian Day Carnival, and was founded by immigrants from Trinidad. That country has one of the largest Caribbean Carnivals. In the mid twentieth century, West Indians moved the event from the beginning of Lent to the Labor Day weekend. Carnival is one of the largest parades and street festivals in New York, with over one million attending. The parade, which consists of steel bands, floats, elaborate Carnival costumes and sound trucks, proceeds along Brooklyn's Eastern Parkway in the Crown Heights neighborhood.

Question: Which borough of New York City is Carnival celebrated in?
Answer: Brooklyn

Question: What American holiday is Carnival celebrated on?
Answer: Labor Day

Question: What country has one of the largest Caribbean Carnivals?
Answer: Trinidad

Question: Over how many people typically attend New York's version of the Carnival?
Answer: one million

Question: What neighborhood as the privilege of bearing the brunt of the festivities?
Answer: Crown Heights
Title: Carnival

In Argentina, the most representative Carnival performed is the so-called Murga, although other famous Carnivals, more like Brazil's, are held in Argentine Mesopotamia and the North-East. Gualeguaychú in the east of Entre Ríos province is the most important Carnival city and has one of the largest parades. It adopts a musical background similar to Brazilian or Uruguayan Carnival. Corrientes is another city with a Carnival tradition. Chamame is a popular musical style. In all major cities and many towns throughout the country, Carnival is celebrated.

Question: Which Carnival in Argentina is the most representative of the nature of the Carnival?
Answer: Murga

Question: What city in the east of Entre Rios province is considered the most important one for the Carnival?
Answer: Gualeguaychú

Question: What kind of tradition does the city of Corrientes have?
Answer: Carnival

Question: What is Chamame?
Answer: popular musical style.

Question: Where is Carnival celebrated? 
Answer: In all major cities and many towns throughout the country
Title: Carnival

La Diablada Carnival takes place in Oruro in central Bolivia. It is celebrated in honor of the miners' patron saint, Vírgen de Socavon (the Virgin of the Tunnels). Over 50 parade groups dance, sing and play music over a five kilometre-long course. Participants dress up as demons, devils, angels, Incas and Spanish conquistadors. Dances include caporales and tinkus. The parade runs from morning until late at night, 18 hours a day, 3 days before Ash Wednesday. It was declared the 2001 "Masterpieces of Oral Heritage and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" for UNESCO. Throughout the country celebrations are held involving traditional rhythms and water parties. In Santa Cruz de la Sierra, on the east side of the country, tropical weather allows a Brazilian-type Carnival, with Comparsas dancing traditional songs in matching uniforms.

Question: Which Carnival takes place in Oruro in Bolivia?
Answer: La Diablada

Question: Who is the miners' patron saint?
Answer: Vírgen de Socavon

Question: Over how many parade groups participate in the festivities? 
Answer: 50

Question: How many hours a day does the parade run?
Answer: 18

Question: What does the tropical weather on the east side of Bolivia allow?
Answer: a Brazilian-type Carnival
Title: Carnival

Samba Schools are large, social entities with thousands of members and a theme for their song and parade each year. In Rio Carnival, samba schoolsparade in the Sambadrome ("sambódromo" in Portuguese). Some of the most famous include GRES Estação Primeira de Mangueira, GRES Portela, GRES Imperatriz Leopoldinense, GRES Beija-Flor de Nilópolis, GRES Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel, and recently, Unidos da Tijuca and GRES União da Ilha do Governador. Local tourists pay $500–950, depending on the costume, to buy a Samba costume and dance in the parade. Blocos are small informal groups with a definite theme in their samba, usually satirizing the political situation. About 30 schools in Rio gather hundreds of thousands of participants. More than 440 blocos operate in Rio. Bandas are samba musical bands, also called "street carnival bands", usually formed within a single neighborhood or musical back-ground. The Carnival industry chain amassed in 2012 almost US$1 billion in revenues.

Question: How many members do Samba Schools have?
Answer: thousands

Question: How much does a Samba costume typically run an average tourist to buy?
Answer: $500–950

Question: What's the name for small, somewhat random groups of people with a definite theme in their samba?
Answer: Blocos

Question: About how many Samba schools are in Rio?
Answer: 30

Question: How much money in US dollars did the Carnival industry make in 2012?
Answer: 1 billion