rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: San_Diego

San Diego was ranked as the 20th-safest city in America in 2013 by Business Insider. According to Forbes magazine, San Diego was the ninth-safest city in the top 10 list of safest cities in the U.S. in 2010. Like most major cities, San Diego had a declining crime rate from 1990 to 2000. Crime in San Diego increased in the early 2000s. In 2004, San Diego had the sixth lowest crime rate of any U.S. city with over half a million residents. From 2002 to 2006, the crime rate overall dropped 0.8%, though not evenly by category. While violent crime decreased 12.4% during this period, property crime increased 1.1%. Total property crimes per 100,000 people were lower than the national average in 2008.

Question: What happened to the crime rate in San Diego between 1990 and 2000?
Answer: San Diego had a declining crime rate from 1990 to 2000

Question: What did Business Insider call San Diego in 2013?
Answer: 20th-safest city in America

Question: In what place did Forbes rank San Diego on it's top 10 list?
Answer: ninth

Question: What percentage did the crime rate in San Diego drop from 2002 to 2006?
Answer: 0.8%

Question: What type of crime increased between 2002 and 2006?
Answer: property crime
Title: San_Diego

San Diego's first television station was KFMB, which began broadcasting on May 16, 1949. Since the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licensed seven television stations in Los Angeles, two VHF channels were available for San Diego because of its relative proximity to the larger city. In 1952, however, the FCC began licensing UHF channels, making it possible for cities such as San Diego to acquire more stations. Stations based in Mexico (with ITU prefixes of XE and XH) also serve the San Diego market. Television stations today include XHTJB 3 (Once TV), XETV 6 (CW), KFMB 8 (CBS), KGTV 10 (ABC), XEWT 12 (Televisa Regional), KPBS 15 (PBS), KBNT-CD 17 (Univision), XHTIT-TDT 21 (Azteca 7), XHJK-TDT 27 (Azteca 13), XHAS 33 (Telemundo), K35DG-D 35 (UCSD-TV), KDTF-LD 51 (Telefutura), KNSD 39 (NBC), KZSD-LP 41 (Azteca America), KSEX-CD 42 (Infomercials), XHBJ-TDT 45 (Gala TV), XHDTV 49 (MNTV), KUSI 51 (Independent), XHUAA-TDT 57 (Canal de las Estrellas), and KSWB-TV 69 (Fox). San Diego has an 80.6 percent cable penetration rate.

Question: Which television station began broadcasting  on May 16, 1949?
Answer: KFMB

Question: What is San Diego's cable penetration rate?
Answer: 80.6 percent

Question: Why was San Diego eligible for two VHF channels?
Answer: because of its relative proximity to the larger city

Question: In what year did UHF channels beging being licensed by the FCC?
Answer: 1952

Question: What independent station is in San Diego?
Answer: KUSI 51
Title: San_Diego

Due to the ratio of U.S. and Mexican-licensed stations, San Diego is the largest media market in the United States that is legally unable to support a television station duopoly between two full-power stations under FCC regulations, which disallow duopolies in metropolitan areas with fewer than nine full-power television stations and require that there must be eight unique station owners that remain once a duopoly is formed (there are only seven full-power stations on the California side of the San Diego-Tijuana market).[citation needed] Though the E. W. Scripps Company owns KGTV and KZSD-LP, they are not considered a duopoly under the FCC's legal definition as common ownership between full-power and low-power television stations in the same market is permitted regardless to the number of stations licensed to the area. As a whole, the Mexico side of the San Diego-Tijuana market has two duopolies and one triopoly (Entravision Communications owns both XHAS-TV and XHDTV-TV, Azteca owns XHJK-TV and XHTIT-TV, and Grupo Televisa owns XHUAA-TV and XHWT-TV along with being the license holder for XETV-TV, which is run by California-based subsidiary Bay City Television).

Question: How many duopolies does the Mexico side of San Diego-Tijuana have?
Answer: two

Question: What two stations are owned by Azteca?
Answer: XHJK-TV and XHTIT-TV

Question: What company owns XHDTV-TV and XHAS-TV?
Answer: Entravision Communications

Question: Which station is ran by Bay City Television?
Answer: XETV-TV
Title: San_Diego

The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks. Stations include: KOGO AM 600, KFMB AM 760, KCEO AM 1000, KCBQ AM 1170, K-Praise, KLSD AM 1360 Air America, KFSD 1450 AM, KPBS-FM 89.5, Channel 933, Star 94.1, FM 94/9, FM News and Talk 95.7, Q96 96.1, KyXy 96.5, Free Radio San Diego (AKA Pirate Radio San Diego) 96.9FM FRSD, KSON 97.3/92.1, KXSN 98.1, Jack-FM 100.7, 101.5 KGB-FM, KLVJ 102.1, Rock 105.3, and another Pirate Radio station at 106.9FM, as well as a number of local Spanish-language radio stations.

Question: What is another name Free Radio San Diego is known by?
Answer: Pirate Radio San Diego

Question: In addition to Free Radio San Diego, what other pirate station is in San Diego?
Answer: 106.9FM

Question: What is the largest nationwide broadcaster in San Diego?
Answer: Clear Channel Communications

Question: Which language are some local radio stations available in?
Answer: Spanish

Question: What is the exact setting for FM News & Talk?
Answer: 95.7
Title: San_Diego

With the automobile being the primary means of transportation for over 80 percent of its residents, San Diego is served by a network of freeways and highways. This includes Interstate 5, which runs south to Tijuana and north to Los Angeles; Interstate 8, which runs east to Imperial County and the Arizona Sun Corridor; Interstate 15, which runs northeast through the Inland Empire to Las Vegas and Salt Lake City; and Interstate 805, which splits from I-5 near the Mexican border and rejoins I-5 at Sorrento Valley.

Question: What major interstate runs from Tijuana to Los Angeles?
Answer: Interstate 8

Question: Where does Interstate 805 split from I-5?
Answer: near the Mexican border

Question: Which interstate directly connects the east with the Arizona Sun Corridor and Imperial County?
Answer: Interstate 8

Question: What two major cities are Inland Empire connected to via Interstate 15?
Answer: Las Vegas and Salt Lake City

Question: What percentage of San Diego's residents rely on theri automobile as a primary source of transportation?
Answer: over 80 percent
Title: San_Diego

Major state highways include SR 94, which connects downtown with I-805, I-15 and East County; SR 163, which connects downtown with the northeast part of the city, intersects I-805 and merges with I-15 at Miramar; SR 52, which connects La Jolla with East County through Santee and SR 125; SR 56, which connects I-5 with I-15 through Carmel Valley and Rancho Peñasquitos; SR 75, which spans San Diego Bay as the San Diego-Coronado Bridge, and also passes through South San Diego as Palm Avenue; and SR 905, which connects I-5 and I-805 to the Otay Mesa Port of Entry.

Question: What highway connects the I-805 with the downtown area?
Answer: SR 94

Question: Where does SR 94 merge with I-15?
Answer: at Miramar

Question: Where does SR 75 flow primarily through?
Answer: San Diego Bay
Title: San_Diego

San Diego's roadway system provides an extensive network of routes for travel by bicycle. The dry and mild climate of San Diego makes cycling a convenient and pleasant year-round option. At the same time, the city's hilly, canyon-like terrain and significantly long average trip distances—brought about by strict low-density zoning laws—somewhat restrict cycling for utilitarian purposes. Older and denser neighborhoods around the downtown tend to be utility cycling oriented. This is partly because of the grid street patterns now absent in newer developments farther from the urban core, where suburban style arterial roads are much more common. As a result, a vast majority of cycling-related activities are recreational. Testament to San Diego's cycling efforts, in 2006, San Diego was rated as the best city for cycling for U.S. cities with a population over 1 million.

Question: In what year was San Diego rated as the country's best densely populated city for cycling?
Answer: 2006

Question: Why are older neighborhoods in San Diego popular with cyclists?
Answer: the grid street patterns

Question: What makes San Diego the ideal city to commute via bike?
Answer: dry and mild climate

Question: Why are average trip distances so lengthy in San Diego?
Answer: the city's hilly, canyon-like terrain
Title: San_Diego

San Diego is served by the San Diego Trolley light rail system, by the SDMTS bus system, and by Coaster and Amtrak Pacific Surfliner commuter rail; northern San Diego county is also served by the Sprinter light rail line. The Trolley primarily serves downtown and surrounding urban communities, Mission Valley, east county, and coastal south bay. A planned Mid-Coast extension of the Trolley will operate from Old Town to University City and the University of California, San Diego along the I-5 Freeway, with planned operation by 2018. The Amtrak and Coaster trains currently run along the coastline and connect San Diego with Los Angeles, Orange County, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura via Metrolink and the Pacific Surfliner. There are two Amtrak stations in San Diego, in Old Town and the Santa Fe Depot downtown. San Diego transit information about public transportation and commuting is available on the Web and by dialing "511" from any phone in the area.

Question: What areas of San Diego are primarily served by the trolley?
Answer: downtown and surrounding urban communities

Question: What public transportation is in the works to be completed by 2018?
Answer: A planned Mid-Coast extension of the Trolley

Question: How many Amtrak stations are in San Diego?
Answer: two

Question: What number can you dial from any phone for public transportation information in San Diego?
Answer: 511

Question: Where do the Amtrak and Coaster trains primarily run?
Answer: along the coastline
Title: San_Diego

The city's primary commercial airport is the San Diego International Airport (SAN), also known as Lindbergh Field. It is the busiest single-runway airport in the United States. It served over 17 million passengers in 2005, and is dealing with an increasingly larger number every year. It is located on San Diego Bay three miles (4.8 km) from downtown. San Diego International Airport maintains scheduled flights to the rest of the United States including Hawaii, as well as to Mexico, Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom. It is operated by an independent agency, the San Diego Regional Airport Authority. In addition, the city itself operates two general-aviation airports, Montgomery Field (MYF) and Brown Field (SDM). By 2015, the Tijuana Cross-border Terminal in Otay Mesa will give direct access to Tijuana International Airport, with passengers walking across the U.S.–Mexico border on a footbridge to catch their flight on the Mexican side.

Question: What is the more popular name of Lindbergh Field?
Answer: San Diego International Airport (SAN)

Question: How many passengers did San Diego Internatonal Airport serve in 2005?
Answer: 17 million

Question: What is the purpose of the Tijuana Cross-border Terminal?
Answer: give direct access to Tijuana International Airport

Question: What independent agency operates San Diego International Airport?
Answer: San Diego Regional Airport Authority

Question: What two general aviation airports are operated by the San Diego Regional Airport Authority?
Answer: Montgomery Field (MYF) and Brown Field (SDM)
Title: San_Diego

Numerous regional transportation projects have occurred in recent years to mitigate congestion in San Diego. Notable efforts are improvements to San Diego freeways, expansion of San Diego Airport, and doubling the capacity of the cruise ship terminal of the port. Freeway projects included expansion of Interstates 5 and 805 around "The Merge," a rush-hour spot where the two freeways meet. Also, an expansion of Interstate 15 through the North County is underway with the addition of high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) "managed lanes". There is a tollway (The South Bay Expressway) connecting SR 54 and Otay Mesa, near the Mexican border. According to a 2007 assessment, 37 percent of streets in San Diego were in acceptable driving condition. The proposed budget fell $84.6 million short of bringing the city's streets to an acceptable level. Port expansions included a second cruise terminal on Broadway Pier which opened in 2010. Airport projects include expansion of Terminal 2, currently under construction and slated for completion in summer 2013.

Question: What is the name given to the highly congested spot where Interstates 5 and 805 meet?
Answer: The Merge

Question: What tollway connects Otay Mesa with SR 54?
Answer: The South Bay Expressway

Question: Which terminal was expanded in the San Diego International Airport in 2013?
Answer: Terminal 2

Question: What type of special lanes were added to Interstate 15?
Answer: high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) "managed lanes"

Question: In 2007, what percentage of the roads in San Diego were considered acceptable?
Answer: 37 percent
Title: Muslim_world

The term Muslim world, also known as Islamic world and the Ummah (Arabic: أمة‎, meaning "nation" or "community") has different meanings. In a religious sense, the Islamic Ummah refers to those who adhere to the teachings of Islam, referred to as Muslims. In a cultural sense, the Muslim Ummah refers to Islamic civilization, exclusive of non-Muslims living in that civilization. In a modern geopolitical sense, the term "Islamic Nation" usually refers collectively to Muslim-majority countries, states, districts, or towns.

Question: Islamic World is another way to refer to what?
Answer: Muslim world

Question: When speaking of religion, what does Ummah refer to?
Answer: those who adhere to the teachings of Islam

Question: When speaking about culture, what does Ummah refer to?
Answer: Islamic civilization

Question: Community, or Nation are direct translations of what word in reference to Islam?
Answer: Ummah
Title: Muslim_world

The Islamic Golden Age coincided with the Middle Ages in the Muslim world, starting with the rise of Islam and establishment of the first Islamic state in 622. The end of the age is variously given as 1258 with the Mongolian Sack of Baghdad, or 1492 with the completion of the Christian Reconquista of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus, Iberian Peninsula. During the reign of the Abbasid caliph Harun ar-Rashid (786 to 809), the legendary House of Wisdom was inaugurated in Baghdad where scholars from various parts of the world sought to translate and gather all the known world's knowledge into Arabic. The Abbasids were influenced by the Quranic injunctions and hadiths, such as "the ink of a scholar is more holy than the blood of a martyr," that stressed the value of knowledge. The major Islamic capital cities of Baghdad, Cairo, and Córdoba became the main intellectual centers for science, philosophy, medicine, and education. During this period, the Muslim world was a collection of cultures; they drew together and advanced the knowledge gained from the ancient Greek, Roman, Persian, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations.

Question: When did the Islamic Golden age start?
Answer: 622

Question: What other age occurred at the same time as the Islamic Golden Age?
Answer: the Middle Ages

Question: There what is the latest year for the end of the Islamic Golden Age?
Answer: 1492

Question: What years did Abbasid caliph Harun ar-Rashid reign?
Answer: 786 to 809

Question: Where was the House of Wisdom held?
Answer: Baghdad
Title: Muslim_world

Between the 8th and 18th centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of stone-paste ceramics, originating from 9th century Iraq. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and Tabriz (from 1470 to 1550).

Question: What type of ceramic art was popular from the 8th to the 18th century in the art of Islam?
Answer: glazed ceramics

Question: Which ceramic glazing was developed by those potters which were Islamic?
Answer: Tin-opacified glazing

Question: Where would one find the earliest examples of opaque glazes in the Muslim world?
Answer: Basra

Question: Around when were the first opaque glazes developed?
Answer: 8th century

Question: Where were stone-paste ceramics invented?
Answer: 9th century Iraq
Title: Muslim_world

The best known work of fiction from the Islamic world is One Thousand and One Nights (In Persian: hezār-o-yek šab > Arabic: ʔalf-layl-at-wa-l’-layla= One thousand Night and (one) Night) or *Arabian Nights, a name invented by early Western translators, which is a compilation of folk tales from Sanskrit, Persian, and later Arabian fables. The original concept is derived from a pre-Islamic Persian prototype Hezār Afsān (Thousand Fables) that relied on particular Indian elements. It reached its final form by the 14th century; the number and type of tales have varied from one manuscript to another. All Arabian fantasy tales tend to be called Arabian Nights stories when translated into English, regardless of whether they appear in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights or not. This work has been very influential in the West since it was translated in the 18th century, first by Antoine Galland. Imitations were written, especially in France. Various characters from this epic have themselves become cultural icons in Western culture, such as Aladdin, Sinbad the Sailor and Ali Baba.

Question: What is the most widely known fictional work from the Islamic world?
Answer: One Thousand and One Nights

Question: Arabian nights was originally based upon what Persian work?
Answer: Hezār Afsān (Thousand Fables)

Question: In what century was One Thousand and One Nights completed?
Answer: 14th century

Question: When did One Thousand and One Nights first get translated in the West?
Answer: 18th century

Question: Who was the first westerner to translate One Thousand and One Nights?
Answer: Antoine Galland
Title: Muslim_world

A famous example of Arabic poetry and Persian poetry on romance (love) is Layla and Majnun, dating back to the Umayyad era in the 7th century. It is a tragic story of undying love much like the later Romeo and Juliet, which was itself said to have been inspired by a Latin version of Layla and Majnun to an extent. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, the national epic of Iran, is a mythical and heroic retelling of Persian history. Amir Arsalan was also a popular mythical Persian story, which has influenced some modern works of fantasy fiction, such as The Heroic Legend of Arslan.

Question: Layla and Majnun is an example of what kind of poetry?
Answer: Arabic poetry and Persian poetry

Question: Which era is Layla and Majnun from?
Answer: Umayyad era

Question: In what century does Layla and Majnun originate?
Answer: 7th century

Question: What kind of story is told in Shahnameh?
Answer: a mythical and heroic retelling of Persian history

Question: Who wrote Shahnameh?
Answer: Ferdowsi
Title: Muslim_world

Ibn Tufail (Abubacer) and Ibn al-Nafis were pioneers of the philosophical novel. Ibn Tufail wrote the first Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) as a response to Al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus. Both of these narratives had protagonists (Hayy in Philosophus Autodidactus and Kamil in Theologus Autodidactus) who were autodidactic feral children living in seclusion on a desert island, both being the earliest examples of a desert island story. However, while Hayy lives alone with animals on the desert island for the rest of the story in Philosophus Autodidactus, the story of Kamil extends beyond the desert island setting in Theologus Autodidactus, developing into the earliest known coming of age plot and eventually becoming the first example of a science fiction novel.

Question: What is another name for Ibn Tufail?
Answer: Abubacer

Question: What Arabic book is Ibn Tufail noted for writing?
Answer: Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus)

Question: Who wrote Theologus Autodidactus?
Answer: Ibn al-Nafis

Question: What person wrote The Incoherence of the Philosophers?
Answer: Al-Ghazali

Question: Who was the main chracter of Philosophus Autodidactus?
Answer: Hayy
Title: Muslim_world

Theologus Autodidactus, written by the Arabian polymath Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), is the first example of a science fiction novel. It deals with various science fiction elements such as spontaneous generation, futurology, the end of the world and doomsday, resurrection, and the afterlife. Rather than giving supernatural or mythological explanations for these events, Ibn al-Nafis attempted to explain these plot elements using the scientific knowledge of biology, astronomy, cosmology and geology known in his time. Ibn al-Nafis' fiction explained Islamic religious teachings via science and Islamic philosophy.

Question: What was the life span of Ibn al-Nafis?
Answer: 1213–1288

Question: What type of book is Theologus Autodidactus the first type of?
Answer: science fiction

Question: What did Ibn al-Nafis use to explain the events in Theologus Autodidactus?
Answer: scientific knowledge
Title: Muslim_world

A Latin translation of Ibn Tufail's work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations. These translations might have later inspired Daniel Defoe to write Robinson Crusoe, regarded as the first novel in English. Philosophus Autodidactus, continuing the thoughts of philosophers such as Aristotle from earlier ages, inspired Robert Boyle to write his own philosophical novel set on an island, The Aspiring Naturalist.

Question: Which year did a translation of Philosophus Autodidactus in Latin come to be?
Answer: 1671

Question: Who wrote Robinson Crusoe?
Answer: Daniel Defoe

Question: Who first translated Philosophus Autodidactus into latin?
Answer: Edward Pococke the Younger

Question: Simon Ockley translated Philosophus Autodidactus into English, in what year did he do that?
Answer: 1708

Question: What book is Robert Boyle believe to have written after being inspired by Philosophus Autodidactus?
Answer: The Aspiring Naturalist
Title: Muslim_world

Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, derived features of and episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology: the Hadith and the Kitab al-Miraj (translated into Latin in 1264 or shortly before as Liber Scale Machometi) concerning the ascension to Heaven of Muhammad, and the spiritual writings of Ibn Arabi. The Moors also had a noticeable influence on the works of George Peele and William Shakespeare. Some of their works featured Moorish characters, such as Peele's The Battle of Alcazar and Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, Titus Andronicus and Othello, which featured a Moorish Othello as its title character. These works are said to have been inspired by several Moorish delegations from Morocco to Elizabethan England at the beginning of the 17th century.

Question: In what year was Kitab al-Miraj likely translated into Latin?
Answer: in 1264 or shortly before

Question: Who wrote the Divine Comedy?
Answer: Dante Alighieri

Question: Which works by Shakespeare is believed to be inspired by The Moors?
Answer: Merchant of Venice, Titus Andronicus and Othello

Question: In what century is it believed that delegations of Moors began to influence western works by the likes of Shakespeare?
Answer: 17th century

Question: What aspects from Islamic works did the Divine Comedy feature?
Answer: episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology