rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: CBC_Television

Beginning in 2005, the CBC has contributed production funds for the BBC Wales revival of Doctor Who, for which it received a special credit at the end of each episode. This arrangement continued until the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008. The CBC similarly contributed to the first season of the spin-off series, Torchwood. More recently, the network has also begun picking up Canadian rights to some Australian series, including the drama series Janet King and Love Child, and the comedy-drama series Please Like Me.

Question: What year did the CBC begin contributing funds to the show Doctor Who?
Answer: 2005

Question: When did CBC end its Doctor Who contributions?
Answer: the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008

Question: Which Doctor Who spinoff did CBC contribute to?
Answer: Torchwood

Question: Which Australian series has CBC taken interest in?
Answer: Janet King and Love Child, and the comedy-drama series Please Like Me
Title: CBC_Television

On March 5, 2005, CBC Television launched a high definition simulcast of its Toronto (CBLT-DT) and Montreal (CBMT-DT) stations. Since that time, the network has also launched HD simulcasts in Vancouver (CBUT-DT), Ottawa (CBOT-DT), Edmonton (CBXT-DT), Calgary (CBRT-DT), Halifax (CBHT-DT), Windsor, (CBET-DT), Winnipeg (CBWT-DT) and St. John's (CBNT-DT). CBC HD is available nationally via satellite and on digital cable as well as for free over-the-air using a regular TV antenna and a digital tuner (included in most new television sets) on the following channels:

Question: What stations did CBC broadcast in HD in 2005?
Answer: Toronto (CBLT-DT) and Montreal (CBMT-DT)

Question: Where is CBC available for free?
Answer: over-the-air

Question: What is required to view over-the-air broadcasts?
Answer: a regular TV antenna and a digital tuner
Title: CBC_Television

Most CBC television stations, including those in the major cities, are owned and operated by the CBC itself. CBC O&O stations operate as a mostly seamless national service with few deviations from the main network schedule, although there are some regional differences from time to time. For on-air identification, most CBC stations use the CBC brand rather than their call letters, not identifying themselves specifically until sign-on or sign-off (though some, like Toronto's CBLT, do not ID themselves at all except through PSIP). All CBC O&O stations have a standard call letter naming convention, in that the first two letters are "CB" (an ITU prefix allocated not to Canada, but to Chile) and the last letter is "T". Only the third letter varies from market to market; however, that letter is typically the same as the third letter of the CBC Radio One and CBC Radio 2 stations in the same market. An exception to this rule are the CBC North stations in Yellowknife, Whitehorse and Iqaluit, whose call signs begin with "CF" due to their historic association with the CBC's Frontier Coverage Package prior to the advent of microwave and satellite broadcasting.

Question: What station does not identify itself by its call letters?
Answer: Toronto's CBLT

Question: Who owns and operates most of the CBC television stations?
Answer: CBC itself

Question: What are the first two letters of nearly all CBC stations?
Answer: "CB"

Question: What is the last letter of nearly all CBC stations?
Answer: "T"

Question: Which stations break convention and begin with "CF" instead of "CB"?
Answer: CBC North
Title: CBC_Television

Some stations that broadcast from smaller cities are private affiliates of the CBC, that is, stations which are owned by commercial broadcasters but predominantly incorporate CBC programming within their schedules. Such stations generally follow the CBC schedule, airing a minimum 40 hours per week of network programming. However, they may opt out of some CBC programming in order to air locally produced programs, syndicated series or programs purchased from other broadcasters, such as CTV Two, which do not have a broadcast outlet in the same market. In these cases, the CBC programming being displaced may be broadcast at a different time than the network, or may not be broadcast on the station at all. Most private affiliates generally opt out of CBC's afternoon schedule and Thursday night arts programming. Private affiliates carry the 10 p.m. broadcast of The National as a core part of the CBC schedule, but generally omitted the 11 p.m. repeat (which is no longer broadcast). Most private affiliates produce their own local newscasts for a duration of at least 35 minutes. Some of the private affiliates have begun adding CBC's overnight programming to their schedules since the network began broadcasting 24 hours a day.

Question: What are private affiliates?
Answer: stations which are owned by commercial broadcasters but predominantly incorporate CBC programming within their schedules

Question: Minimally, how many hours are devoted weekly to network programming in CBC's private affiliates?
Answer: 40

Question: Which broadcast do affiliates generally carry?
Answer: 10 p.m
Title: CBC_Television

Private CBC affiliates are not as common as they were in the past, as many such stations have been purchased either by the CBC itself or by Canwest Global or CHUM Limited, respectively becoming E! or A-Channel (later A, now CTV Two) stations. One private CBC affiliate, CHBC-TV in Kelowna, joined E! (then known as CH) on February 27, 2006. When a private CBC affiliate reaffiliates with another network, the CBC has normally added a retransmitter of its nearest O&O station to ensure that CBC service is continued. However, due to an agreement between CHBC and CFJC-TV in Kamloops, CFJC also disaffiliated from the CBC on February 27, 2006, but no retransmitters were installed in the licence area. Former private CBC affiliates CKPG-TV Prince George and CHAT-TV Medicine Hat disaffiliated on August 31, 2008 and joined E!, but the CBC announced it will not add new retransmitters to these areas. Incidentally, CFJC, CKPG and CHAT are all owned by an independent media company, Jim Pattison Group. With the closure of E! and other changes in the media landscape, several former CBC affiliates have since joined City or Global, or closed altogether.

Question: Which CBC affiliate joined E! in February 2006?
Answer: CHBC-TV in Kelowna

Question: Which affiliate left CBC due to an agreement with CHBC?
Answer: CFJC-TV in Kamloops

Question: What two affiliates joined E! in late August, 2008 after which transmitters were not replaced?
Answer: CKPG-TV Prince George and CHAT-TV Medicine Hat

Question: CJFC, CHAT, and CKPG are owned by whom?
Answer: Jim Pattison Group
Title: CBC_Television

According to filings to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) by Thunder Bay Electronics (owner of CBC's Thunder Bay affiliate CKPR-DT) and Bell Media (owner of CBC affiliates CFTK-TV in Terrace and CJDC-TV in Dawson Creek),[citation needed] the CBC informed them that it will not extend its association with any of its private affiliates beyond August 31, 2011. Incidentally, that was also the date for analogue to digital transition in Canada. Given recent practice and the CBC's decision not to convert any retransmitters to digital, even in markets with populations in the hundreds in thousands, it is not expected that the CBC will open new transmitters to replace its affiliates, and indeed may pare back its existing transmitter network. However, in March 2011, CKPR announced that it had come to a programming agreement with the CBC, in which the station will continue to provide CBC programming in Thunder Bay for a period of five years. On March 16, 2012, Astral Media announced the sale of its assets to Bell Media, owners of CTV and CTV Two, for $3.38 billion with CFTK and CJDC included in the acquisition. Whether the stations will remain CBC affiliates or become owned-and-operated stations of CTV or CTV Two following the completion of the merger is undetermined.

Question: What was Canada's date for the switch between analog and digital transmission?
Answer: August 31, 2011

Question: What did CBC announce on August 31, 2011?
Answer: it will not extend its association with any of its private affiliates

Question: In March 2011, CBC and CKPR agreed to continue working together for how many additional years?
Answer: five

Question: Who purchased CFTK and CJDC in March 2012?
Answer: Bell Media
Title: CBC_Television

CBC Television stations can be received in many United States communities along the Canadian border over-the-air and have a significant audience in those areas. Such a phenomenon can also take place within Great Lakes communities such as Ashtabula, Ohio, which received programming from the CBC's London, Ontario, transmitter, based upon prevailing atmospheric conditions over Lake Erie. As of September 2010 CBC shut down its analogue transmitter and decided not to replace it with a digital transmitter. As a result, there is now a giant hole in the coverage of CBC in South-Western Ontario. Both CBC - Toronto and CBC - Windsor are both over 100 miles from London, ON and out of range for even the largest antennas[citation needed].

Question: When did CBC shut down its analogue transmitter?
Answer: September 2010

Question: Which CBC location has a lapsed area of coverage after 2010?
Answer: South-Western Ontario

Question: Which US city can receive broadcasts from CBC's London transmitter?
Answer: Ashtabula, Ohio
Title: CBC_Television

CBC's sports coverage has also attained high viewership in border markets, including its coverage of the NHL's Stanley Cup Playoffs, which was generally considered to be more complete and consistent than coverage by other networks such as NBC. Its coverage of the Olympic Games also found a significant audience in border regions, primarily due to the fact that CBC aired more events live than NBC's coverage, which had been criticized in recent years for tape delaying events to air in primetime, even if the event is being held in a market in the Pacific Time Zone during primetime hours on the East (where it would still be delayed for West coast primetime).

Question: Why is CBC's coverage preferable to other networks in the US?
Answer: more complete and consistent

Question: Did CBC air more or less live Olympic events than NBC?
Answer: more

Question: Why was NBC criticized over its Olympic coverage?
Answer: tape delaying events to air in primetime
Title: CBC_Television

While its fellow Canadian broadcasters converted most of their transmitters to digital by the Canadian digital television transition deadline of August 31, 2011, CBC converted only about half of the analogue transmitters in mandatory areas to digital (15 of 28 markets with CBC Television stations, and 14 of 28 markets with Télévision de Radio-Canada stations). Due to financial difficulties reported by the corporation, the corporation published digital transition plans for none of its analogue retransmitters in mandatory markets to be converted to digital by the deadline. Under this plan, communities that receive analogue signals by rebroadcast transmitters in mandatory markets would lose their over-the-air signals as of the deadline. Rebroadcast transmitters account for 23 of the 48 CBC and Radio-Canada transmitters in mandatory markets. Mandatory markets losing both CBC and Radio-Canada over-the-air signals include London, Ontario (metropolitan area population 457,000) and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (metro area population 257,000). In both of those markets, the corporation's television transmitters are the only ones that were not planned to be converted to digital by the deadline.

Question: What was the deadline for converstion to digital transmission from analogue?
Answer: August 31, 2011

Question: How many of CBC's mandatory transmitters were updated before the deadline?
Answer: only about half

Question: Which two large metropolitan areas lost CBC and Radio-Canada broadcasts?
Answer: London, Ontario (metropolitan area population 457,000) and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (metro area population 257,000)
Title: CBC_Television

Because rebroadcast transmitters were not planned to be converted to digital, many markets stood to lose over-the-air coverage from CBC or Radio-Canada, or both. As a result, only seven of the markets subject to the August 31, 2011 transition deadline were planned to have both CBC and Radio-Canada in digital, and 13 other markets were planned to have either CBC or Radio-Canada in digital. In mid-August 2011, the CRTC granted the CBC an extension, until August 31, 2012, to continue operating its analogue transmitters in markets subject to the August 31, 2011 transition deadline. This CRTC decision prevented many markets subject to the transition deadline from losing signals for CBC or Radio-Canada, or both at the transition deadline. At the transition deadline, Barrie, Ontario lost both CBC and Radio-Canada signals as the CBC did not request that the CRTC allow these transmitters to continue operating.

Question: When was CBC's anologue upgrade extension set to expire?
Answer: August 31, 2012

Question: At the deadline, which area lost broadcast entirely?
Answer: Barrie, Ontario

Question: Did Barrie, Ontario lose signal for CBC, Radio-Canada, or both?
Answer: both
Title: CBC_Television

In markets where a digital transmitter was installed, existing coverage areas were not necessarily maintained. For instance, the CBC implemented a digital transmitter covering Fredericton, New Brunswick in the place of the existing transmitter covering Saint John, New Brunswick and Fredericton, and decided to maintain analogue service to Saint John. According to CBC's application for this transmitter to the CRTC, the population served by the digital transmitter would be 113,930 people versus 303,465 served by the existing analogue transmitter. In Victoria, the replacement of the Vancouver analogue transmitters with digital ones only allowed only some northeastern parts of the metropolitan area (total population 330,000) to receive either CBC or Radio-Canada.

Question: How many people were intended to be served by digital transmitters, according to CBC's application?
Answer: 113,930 people

Question: How many people were previously served by analogue transmitters before the upgrade?
Answer: 303,465

Question: In what area of Victora was CBC and Radio-Canada available?
Answer: only some northeastern parts
Title: CBC_Television

CBC announced on April 4, 2012, that it will shut down all of its approximately 620 analogue television transmitters on July 31, 2012 with no plans to install digital transmitters in their place, thus reducing the total number of the corporation's television transmitters across the country down to 27. According to the CBC, this would reduce the corporation's yearly costs by $10 million. No plans have been announced to use subchannels to maintain over-the-air signals for both CBC and Radio-Canada in markets where the corporation has one digital transmitter. In fact, in its CRTC application to shut down all of its analogue television transmitters, the CBC communicated its opposition to use of subchannels, citing costs, amongst other reasons.

Question: How many transmitters does currently CBC operate after 2012?
Answer: 27

Question: When did the CBC announce service would be discontinued to analogue transmitters?
Answer: July 31, 2012

Question: How much did CBC say they would save by ceasing analogue operation?
Answer: $10 million
Title: CBC_Television

On August 6, 2010, the CBC issued a press release stating that due to financial reasons, the CBC and Radio-Canada would only transition 27 transmitters total, one in each market where there was an originating station (i.e. a CBC or Radio-Canada television station located in that market). Further, the CBC stated in the release, that only 15 of the transmitters would be in place by August 31, 2011 due to lack of available funds, and that the remainder would not be on the air until as late as August 31, 2012. Additionally, the CBC stated in the release that it was asking the CRTC for permission to continue broadcasting in analogue until the identified transmitters for transition were up and running. At the time of the press release, only eight of the corporation's transmitters (four CBC and four Radio Canada) were broadcasting in digital.

Question: How many transmitters did CBC intend to upgrade before August 2011?
Answer: 15

Question: For what reason did CBC attribute to delayed upgrades?
Answer: financial reasons

Question: How many transmitters did CBC plan to upgrade total?
Answer: 27
Title: CBC_Television

On November 30, 2010, CBC's senior director of regulatory affairs issued a letter to the CRTC regarding CBC's plans for transitioning to digital. The letter states, "CBC/Radio-Canada will not be converting its analogue retransmitters in mandatory markets to digital after August 31, 2011."  On December 16, 2010, some months after the CRTC issued a bulletin reminding broadcasters that analog transmitters had to be shut off by the deadline in mandatory markets, the CBC revised the documents accompanying its August 6, 2010 news release to state that it had the money for and is striving to transition all 27 transmitters by August 31, 2011.

Question: On which day did CBC release an updated announcement stating they were striving to update all 27 transmitters?
Answer: On December 16, 2010

Question: On what date did CBC say it was striving to update its analogue transmitters by?
Answer: August 31, 2011

Question: Why did the CTRC send out a bulletin to broadcasters?
Answer: reminding broadcasters that analog transmitters had to be shut off by the deadline in mandatory markets
Title: CBC_Television

On March 23, 2011, the CRTC rejected an application by the CBC to install a digital transmitter serving Fredricton, New Brunswick in place of the analogue transmitter serving Fredericton and Saint John, New Brunswick, which would have served only 62.5% of the population served by the existing analogue transmitter. The CBC issued a press release stating "CBC/Radio-Canada intends to re-file its application with the CRTC to provide more detailed cost estimates that will allow the Commission to better understand the unfeasibility of replicating the Corporation’s current analogue coverage." The press release further added that the CBC suggests coverage could be maintained if the CRTC were to "allow CBC Television to continue providing the analogue service it offers today – much in the same way the Commission permitted recently in the case of Yellowknife, Whitehorse and Iqaluit."

Question: What percent of the previous population would a new digital transmitter have served in Fredicton in comparison to the analogue transmitter?
Answer: 62.5%

Question: Was CBC's application for a digital transitter in Fredricton approved or rejected?
Answer: rejected

Question: What did CBC say would allow broadcasting to continue?
Answer: if the CRTC were to "allow CBC Television to continue providing the analogue service it offers today
Title: CBC_Television

On August 18, 2011, the CRTC issued a decision that allows CBC's mandatory market rebroadcasting transmitters in analogue to remain on-air until August 31, 2012. Before that deadline, CBC's licence renewal process would take place and CBC's digital transition plans would be examined as part of that process. The requirement remains for all of CBC's full-power transmitters occupying channels 52 to 69 to either relocate to channels 2 to 51 or become low-power transmitters. In some cases, CBC has opted to reduce the power of existing transmitters to low-power transmitters, which will result in signal loss for some viewers.

Question: On what day did the CRTC agree to allow CBCs broadcasting transmitters to remain active for another year?
Answer: August 18, 2011

Question: Where could CBC's channels need to be relocated in order to continue operating?
Answer: 2 to 51

Question: Which of CBC's channels were required to be relocated or reduced in power?
Answer: 52 to 69
Title: CBC_Television

On July 17, 2012, the CRTC approved the shut down of CBC's analogue transmitters, noting that "while the Commission has the discretion to refuse to revoke broadcasting licences, even on application from a licensee, it cannot direct the CBC or any other broadcaster to continue to operate its stations and transmitters." On July 31, 2012, at around 11:59 p.m. in each time zone, the remaining 620 analogue transmitters were shut down, leaving the network with 27 digital television transmitters across the country, and some transmitters operated by some affiliated stations.

Question: On what date did the CTRC approve the shut down of CBC's analogue transmitters?
Answer: July 17, 2012

Question: On what date were CBC's remaining analogue transmitters shut down?
Answer: July 31, 2012

Question: How many analogue transmitters were shut down on July 31, 2012?
Answer: 620
Title: Appalachian_Mountains

The Appalachian Mountains (i/ˌæpəˈleɪʃᵻn/ or /ˌæpəˈlætʃᵻn/,[note 1] French: les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period and once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky Mountains before they were eroded. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east-west travel as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to any road running east-west.

Question: What are the Appalachian mountains called in French?
Answer: les Appalaches

Question: What are the Appalachian mountains?
Answer: a system of mountains in eastern North America

Question: When did the Appalachian mountains form?
Answer: roughly 480 million years ago

Question: In what era did the mountains form?
Answer: Ordovician Period
Title: Appalachian_Mountains

Definitions vary on the precise boundaries of the Appalachians. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines the Appalachian Highlands physiographic division as consisting of thirteen provinces: the Atlantic Coast Uplands, Eastern Newfoundland Atlantic, Maritime Acadian Highlands, Maritime Plain, Notre Dame and Mégantic Mountains, Western Newfoundland Mountains, Piedmont, Blue Ridge, Valley and Ridge, Saint Lawrence Valley, Appalachian Plateaus, New England province, and the Adirondack provinces. A common variant definition does not include the Adirondack Mountains, which geologically belong to the Grenville Orogeny and have a different geological history from the rest of the Appalachians.

Question: How many provinces are in the mountain range?
Answer: thirteen provinces

Question: What is one of the provinces?
Answer: the Atlantic Coast Uplands

Question: Which province is often left out?
Answer: the Adirondack provinces

Question: What set of mountains in the range have a different geological history?
Answer: the Adirondack Mountains
Title: Appalachian_Mountains

The range is mostly located in the United States but extends into southeastern Canada, forming a zone from 100 to 300 mi (160 to 480 km) wide, running from the island of Newfoundland 1,500 mi (2,400 km) southwestward to Central Alabama in the United States.[discuss] The range covers parts of the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, which comprise an overseas territory of France. The system is divided into a series of ranges, with the individual mountains averaging around 3,000 ft (910 m). The highest of the group is Mount Mitchell in North Carolina at 6,684 feet (2,037 m), which is the highest point in the United States east of the Mississippi River.

Question: What country do the Appalachian mountains extend into?
Answer: Canada

Question: How large is the zone in Canada?
Answer: 100 to 300 mi

Question: Where does it start in Canada?
Answer: Newfoundland

Question: Where does it end in the US? 
Answer: Central Alabama

Question: What island is included in the range?
Answer: Saint Pierre and Miquelon