rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: John_Kerry

During the night of December 2 and early morning of December 3, 1968, Kerry was in charge of a small boat operating near a peninsula north of Cam Ranh Bay together with a Swift boat (PCF-60). According to Kerry and the two crewmen who accompanied him that night, Patrick Runyon and William Zaladonis, they surprised a group of Vietnamese men unloading sampans at a river crossing, who began running and failed to obey an order to stop. As the men fled, Kerry and his crew opened fire on the sampans and destroyed them, then rapidly left. During this encounter, Kerry received a shrapnel wound in the left arm above the elbow. It was for this injury that Kerry received his first Purple Heart Medal.

Question: Where was Kerry's boat on Dec 2-3, 1968?
Answer: near a peninsula north of Cam Ranh Bay

Question: How many crew were with Kerry?
Answer: two

Question: Who were in Kerry's crew?
Answer: Patrick Runyon and William Zaladonis

Question: What did Kerry's crew destroy?
Answer: sampans

Question: Where was Kerry injured?
Answer: in the left arm above the elbow
Title: John_Kerry

Kerry received his second Purple Heart for a wound received in action on the Bồ Đề River on February 20, 1969. The plan had been for the Swift boats to be accompanied by support helicopters. On the way up the Bo De, however, the helicopters were attacked. As the Swift boats reached the Cửa Lớn River, Kerry's boat was hit by a B-40 rocket (rocket propelled grenade round), and a piece of shrapnel hit Kerry's left leg, wounding him. Thereafter, enemy fire ceased and his boat reached the Gulf of Thailand safely. Kerry continues to have shrapnel embedded in his left thigh because the doctors that first treated him decided to remove the damaged tissue and close the wound with sutures rather than make a wide opening to remove the shrapnel. Though wounded like several others earlier that day, Kerry did not lose any time off from duty.

Question: When did Kerry earn his 2nd Purple Heart?
Answer: February 20, 1969

Question: What munition hit Kerry's boat?
Answer: a B-40 rocket

Question: Where did Kerry earn his 2nd Purple Heart?
Answer: on the Bồ Đề River

Question: Where did Kerry's boat escape to safety?
Answer: Gulf of Thailand
Title: John_Kerry

Eight days later, on February 28, 1969, came the events for which Kerry was awarded his Silver Star Medal. On this occasion, Kerry was in tactical command of his Swift boat and two other Swift boats during a combat operation. Their mission on the Duong Keo River included bringing an underwater demolition team and dozens of South Vietnamese Marines to destroy enemy sampans, structures and bunkers as described in the story The Death Of PCF 43. Running into heavy small arms fire from the river banks, Kerry "directed the units to turn to the beach and charge the Viet Cong positions" and he "expertly directed" his boat's fire causing the enemy to flee while at the same time coordinating the insertion of the ninety South Vietnamese troops (according to the original medal citation signed by Admiral Zumwalt). Moving a short distance upstream, Kerry's boat was the target of a B-40 rocket round; Kerry charged the enemy positions and as his boat hove to and beached, a Viet Cong ("VC") insurgent armed with a rocket launcher emerged from a spider hole and ran. While the boat's gunner opened fire, wounding the VC in the leg, and while the other boats approached and offered cover fire, Kerry jumped from the boat to pursue the VC insurgent, subsequently killing him and capturing his loaded rocket launcher.

Question: When did Kerry earn a Silver Star?
Answer: February 28, 1969

Question: Where did Kerry earn a Silver Star?
Answer: the Duong Keo River

Question: How many swift boats did Kerry command?
Answer: his Swift boat and two other Swift boats

Question: Who awarded the Silver Star to Kerry?
Answer: Admiral Zumwalt

Question: What story described the events of Feb 28, 1969?
Answer: The Death Of PCF 43
Title: John_Kerry

Kerry's commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander George Elliott, stated to Douglas Brinkley in 2003 that he did not know whether to court-martial Kerry for beaching the boat without orders or give him a medal for saving the crew. Elliott recommended Kerry for the Silver Star, and Zumwalt flew into An Thoi to personally award medals to Kerry and the rest of the sailors involved in the mission. The Navy's account of Kerry's actions is presented in the original medal citation signed by Zumwalt. The engagement was documented in an after-action report, a press release written on March 1, 1969, and a historical summary dated March 17, 1969.

Question: Where did Kerry receive his Silver Star?
Answer: An Thoi

Question: Who was Kerry's commander?
Answer: Lieutenant Commander George Elliott

Question: What complaint did Elliot have about Kerry's actions?
Answer: beaching the boat without orders

Question: When was a press release put out about Kerry earning the Silver Star?
Answer: March 1, 1969

Question: What was released on March 17, 1969?
Answer: a historical summary
Title: John_Kerry

On March 13, 1969, on the Bái Háp River, Kerry was in charge of one of five Swift boats that were returning to their base after performing an Operation Sealords mission to transport South Vietnamese troops from the garrison at Cái Nước and MIKE Force advisors for a raid on a Vietcong camp located on the Rach Dong Cung canal. Earlier in the day, Kerry received a slight shrapnel wound in the buttocks from blowing up a rice bunker. Debarking some but not all of the passengers at a small village, the boats approached a fishing weir; one group of boats went around to the left of the weir, hugging the shore, and a group with Kerry's PCF-94 boat went around to the right, along the shoreline. A mine was detonated directly beneath the lead boat, PCF-3, as it crossed the weir to the left, lifting PCF-3 "about 2-3 ft out of water".

Question: Where was Kerry on Mar 13, 1969?
Answer: on the Bái Háp River

Question: On what body part was Kerry wounded on Mar 13, 1969?
Answer: in the buttocks

Question: What was Kerry doing when he was wounded on Mar 13, 1969?
Answer: blowing up a rice bunker

Question: What boat was Kerry on, on Mar 13?
Answer: PCF-94

Question: What was the lead boat on Mar 13?
Answer: PCF-3
Title: John_Kerry

James Rassmann, a Green Beret advisor who was aboard Kerry's PCF-94, was knocked overboard when, according to witnesses and the documentation of the event, a mine or rocket exploded close to the boat. According to the documentation for the event, Kerry's arm was injured when he was thrown against a bulkhead during the explosion. PCF 94 returned to the scene and Kerry rescued Rassmann who was receiving sniper fire from the water. Kerry received the Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V" for "heroic achievement", for his actions during this incident; he also received his third Purple Heart.

Question: What boat was Rassmann on?
Answer: PCF-94

Question: Who fell overboard from Kerry's boat?
Answer: James Rassmann

Question: What was Rassmann's job?
Answer: a Green Beret advisor

Question: What medal did Kerry earn for rescuing Rassmann?
Answer: the Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V"

Question: What does the Combat V mean?
Answer: heroic achievement
Title: John_Kerry

After Kerry's third qualifying wound, he was entitled per Navy regulations to reassignment away from combat duties. Kerry's preferred choice for reassignment was as a military aide in Boston, New York or Washington, D.C. On April 11, 1969, he reported to the Brooklyn-based Atlantic Military Sea Transportation Service, where he would remain on active duty for the following year as a personal aide to an officer, Rear Admiral Walter Schlech. On January 1, 1970 Kerry was temporarily promoted to full Lieutenant. Kerry had agreed to an extension of his active duty obligation from December 1969 to August 1970 in order to perform Swift Boat duty. John Kerry was on active duty in the United States Navy from August 1966 until January 1970. He continued to serve in the Naval Reserve until February 1978.

Question: Which wound allowed Kerry to leave combat duty?
Answer: third

Question: Where was Kerry reassigned in April 1969?
Answer: the Brooklyn-based Atlantic Military Sea Transportation Service

Question: When did Kerry become a lieutenant?
Answer: January 1, 1970

Question: Who was Kerry a personal aide for?
Answer: Rear Admiral Walter Schlech

Question: When did Kerry leave the Naval Reserve?
Answer: February 1978
Title: John_Kerry

With the continuing controversy that had surrounded the military service of George W. Bush since the 2000 Presidential election (when he was accused of having used his father's political influence to gain entrance to the Texas Air National Guard, thereby protecting himself from conscription into the United States Army, and possible service in the Vietnam War), John Kerry's contrasting status as a decorated Vietnam War veteran posed a problem for Bush's re-election campaign, which Republicans sought to counter by calling Kerry's war record into question. As the presidential campaign of 2004 developed, approximately 250 members of a group called Swift Boat Veterans for Truth (SBVT, later renamed Swift Vets and POWs for Truth) opposed Kerry's campaign. The group held press conferences, ran ads and endorsed a book questioning Kerry's service record and his military awards. The group included several members of Kerry's unit, such as Larry Thurlow, who commanded a swift boat alongside of Kerry's, and Stephen Gardner, who served on Kerry's boat. The campaign inspired the widely used political pejorative 'swiftboating', to describe an unfair or untrue political attack. Most of Kerry's former crewmates have stated that SBVT's allegations are false.

Question: Who kept George W. Bush out of Vietnam?
Answer: his father

Question: What military branch was George W. Bush in?
Answer: the Texas Air National Guard

Question: How did Republicans attack Kerry?
Answer: by calling Kerry's war record into question

Question: What did SBVT change its name to?
Answer: Swift Vets and POWs for Truth

Question: What term was inspired by the attacks on Kerry?
Answer: swiftboating
Title: John_Kerry

After returning to the United States, Kerry joined the Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW). Then numbering about 20,000, VVAW was considered by some (including the administration of President Richard Nixon) to be an effective, if controversial, component of the antiwar movement. Kerry participated in the "Winter Soldier Investigation" conducted by VVAW of U.S. atrocities in Vietnam, and he appears in a film by that name that documents the investigation. According to Nixon Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird, "I didn't approve of what he did, but I understood the protesters quite well", and he declined two requests from the Navy to court martial Reserve Lieutenant Kerry over his antiwar activity.

Question: How many members did VVAW have when Kerry joined it?
Answer: about 20,000

Question: What VVAW investigation was Kerry involved in?
Answer: the "Winter Soldier Investigation"

Question: Who was Melvin Laird?
Answer: Nixon Secretary of Defense

Question: What did Laird refuse to court-martial Kerry for?
Answer: his antiwar activity
Title: John_Kerry

On April 22, 1971, Kerry appeared before a U.S. Senate committee hearing on proposals relating to ending the war. The day after this testimony, Kerry participated in a demonstration with thousands of other veterans in which he and other Vietnam War veterans threw their medals and service ribbons over a fence erected at the front steps of the United States Capitol building to dramatize their opposition to the war. Jack Smith, a Marine, read a statement explaining why the veterans were returning their military awards to the government. For more than two hours, almost 1000 angry veterans tossed their medals, ribbons, hats, jackets, and military papers over the fence. Each veteran gave his or her name, hometown, branch of service and a statement. Kerry threw some of his own decorations and awards as well as some given to him by other veterans to throw. As Kerry threw his decorations over the fence, his statement was: "I'm not doing this for any violent reasons, but for peace and justice, and to try and make this country wake up once and for all."

Question: What did Kerry do on Apr 22, 1971?
Answer: appeared before a U.S. Senate committee hearing

Question: What was the topic of the hearing Kerry testified on?
Answer: ending the war

Question: What did Kerry throw over a fence?
Answer: some of his own decorations and awards as well as some given to him by other veterans to throw

Question: Why did Kerry participate in the protest?
Answer: for peace and justice, and to try and make this country wake up once and for all

Question: How many vets participated in the protest?
Answer: almost 1000
Title: John_Kerry

Kerry was arrested on May 30, 1971, during a VVAW march to honor American POWs held captive by North Vietnam. The march was planned as a multi-day event from Concord to Boston, and while in Lexington, participants tried to camp on the village green. At 2:30 a.m., local and state police arrested 441 demonstrators, including Kerry, for trespassing. All were given the Miranda Warning and were hauled away on school buses to spend the night at the Lexington Public Works Garage. Kerry and the other protesters later paid a $5 fine, and were released. The mass arrests caused a community backlash and ended up giving positive coverage to the VVAW.

Question: When was Kerry arrested for protesting?
Answer: May 30, 1971

Question: Who was being honored on May 30, 1971?
Answer: American POWs held captive by North Vietnam

Question: How many people were arrested with Kerry?
Answer: 441

Question: At what time was Kerry arrested?
Answer: 2:30 a.m.

Question: Why were the protesters arrested?
Answer: tried to camp on the village green
Title: John_Kerry

In 1970, Kerry had considered running for Congress in the Democratic primary against hawkish Democrat Philip J. Philbin of Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district, but deferred in favour of Robert Drinan, a Jesuit priest and anti-war activist, who went on to defeat Philbin. In February 1972, Kerry's wife bought a house in Worcester, with Kerry intending to run against the 4th district's ageing thirteen-term incumbent Democrat, Harold Donohue. The couple never moved in. After Republican Congressman F. Bradford Morse of the neighbouring 5th district announced his retirement and then resignation to become Under-Secretary-General for Political and General Assembly Affairs at the United Nations. The couple instead rented an apartment in Lowell, so that Kerry could run to succeed him.

Question: Who had Kerry considered running against in 1970?
Answer: Democrat Philip J. Philbin

Question: In which district had Kerry considered running in 1970?
Answer: Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district

Question: Who ran against Philbin instead of Kerry?
Answer: Robert Drinan

Question: Why did Morse retire?
Answer: to become Under-Secretary-General for Political and General Assembly Affairs at the United Nations

Question: What political party was Morse in?
Answer: Republican
Title: John_Kerry

Including Kerry, the Democratic primary race had 10 candidates, including attorney Paul J. Sheehy, State Representative Anthony R. DiFruscia, John J. Desmond and Robert B. Kennedy. Kerry ran a "very expensive, sophisticated campaign", financed by out-of-state backers and supported by many young volunteers. DiFruscia's campaign headquarters shared the same building as Kerry's. On the eve of the September 19 primary, police found Kerry's younger brother Cameron and campaign field director Thomas J. Vallely, breaking into where the building's telephone lines were located. They were arrested and charged with "breaking and entering with the intent to commit grand larceny", but the charges were dropped a year later. At the time of the incident, DiFruscia alleged that the two were trying to disrupt his get-out-the vote efforts. Vallely and Cameron Kerry maintained that they were only checking their own telephone lines because they had received an anonymous call warning that the Kerry lines would be cut.

Question: What was Paul Sheehy's job?
Answer: attorney

Question: What was DiFruscia's position?
Answer: State Representative

Question: Who did Kerry share a campaign headquarters with?
Answer: Anthony R. DiFruscia

Question: Why was Kerry's brother messing with phone lines?
Answer: they had received an anonymous call warning that the Kerry lines would be cut

Question: What is Kerry's younger brother's name?
Answer: Cameron
Title: John_Kerry

In the general election, Kerry was initially favored to defeat the Republican candidate, former State Representative Paul W. Cronin, and conservative Democrat Roger P. Durkin, who ran as an Independent. A week after the primary, one poll put Kerry 26-points ahead of Cronin. His campaign called for a national health insurance system, discounted prescription drugs for the unemployed, a jobs programme to clean up the Merrimack River and rent controls in Lowell and Lawrence. A major obstacle, however, was the district's leading newspaper, the conservative The Sun. The paper editorialized against him. It also ran critical news stories about his out-of-state contributions and his "carpetbagging", because he had only moved into the district in April. Subsequently released "Watergate" Oval Office tape recordings of the Nixon White House showed that defeating Kerry's candidacy had attracted the personal attention of President Nixon. Kerry himself asserts that Nixon sent operatives to Lowell to help derail his campaign.

Question: What party did Durkin run as?
Answer: Independent

Question: How far ahead of Cronin did Kerry poll?
Answer: 26-points

Question: What slant did The Sun have?
Answer: conservative

Question: Who did Kerry say tried to stop his campaign?
Answer: President Nixon

Question: How did Kerry want to create jobs?
Answer: a jobs programme to clean up the Merrimack River
Title: John_Kerry

The race was the most expensive for Congress in the country that year and four days before the general election, Durkin withdrew and endorsed Cronin, hoping to see Kerry defeated. The week before, a poll had put Kerry 10 points ahead of Cronin, with Dukin on 13%. In the final days of the campaign, Kerry sensed that it was "slipping away" and Cronin emerged victorious by 110,970 votes (53.45%) to Kerry's 92,847 (44.72%). After his defeat, Kerry lamented in a letter to supporters that "for two solid weeks, [The Sun] called me un-American, New Left antiwar agitator, unpatriotic, and labeled me every other 'un-' and 'anti-' that they could find. It's hard to believe that one newspaper could be so powerful, but they were." He later felt that his failure to respond directly to The Sun's attacks cost him the race.

Question: How many votes did Cronin get against Kerry?
Answer: 110,970

Question: What percent of votes did Cronin get against Kerry?
Answer: 53.45%

Question: How many votes did Kerry get against Cronin?
Answer: 92,847

Question: What percent of votes did Kerry get against Cronin?
Answer: 44.72%

Question: What did Kerry think cost him the race against Cronin?
Answer: his failure to respond directly to The Sun's attacks
Title: John_Kerry

After Kerry's 1972 defeat, he and his wife bought a house in Belvidere, Lowell, entering a decade which his brother Cameron later called "the years in exile". He spent some time working as a fundraiser for the Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CARE), an international humanitarian organization. In September 1973, he entered Boston College Law School. While studying, Kerry worked as a talk radio host on WBZ and, in July 1974, was named executive director of Mass Action, a Massachusetts advocacy association.

Question: Where did Kerry move after the 1972 election?
Answer: Belvidere, Lowell

Question: What did Kerry's brother call the decade after 1972?
Answer: "the years in exile"

Question: What did Kerry fundraise for?
Answer: the Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere

Question: When did Kerry enter law school?
Answer: September 1973

Question: Where was Kerry a talk radio host?
Answer: WBZ
Title: John_Kerry

In January 1977, Droney promoted him to First Assistant District Attorney, essentially making Kerry his campaign and media surrogate because Droney was afflicted with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig's Disease). As First Assistant, Kerry tried cases, which included winning convictions in a high-profile rape case and a murder. He also played a role in administering the office, including initiating the creation of special white-collar and organized crime units, creating programs to address the problems of rape and other crime victims and witnesses, and managing trial calendars to reflect case priorities. It was in this role in 1978 that Kerry announced an investigation into possible criminal charges against then Senator Edward Brooke, regarding "misstatements" in his first divorce trial. The inquiry ended with no charges being brought after investigators and prosecutors determined that Brooke's misstatements were pertinent to the case, but were not material enough to have affected the outcome.

Question: When did Kerry become an ADA?
Answer: January 1977

Question: What condition did Droney have?
Answer: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Question: What is ALS's nickname?
Answer: Lou Gehrig's Disease

Question: What senator did Kerry investigate in 1978?
Answer: Edward Brooke

Question: Why was Brooke being investigated?
Answer: "misstatements" in his first divorce trial
Title: John_Kerry

Droney's health was poor and Kerry had decided to run for his position in the 1978 election should Droney drop out. However, Droney was re-elected and his health improved; he went on to re-assume many of the duties that he had delegated to Kerry. Kerry thus decided to leave, departing in 1979 with assistant DA Roanne Sragow to set up their own law firm. Kerry also worked as a commentator for WCVB-TV and co-founded a bakery, Kilvert & Forbes Ltd., with businessman and former Kennedy aide K. Dun Gifford.

Question: When did Kerry consider running for president if Droney didn't?
Answer: 1978

Question: When did Kerry leave the DA's office?
Answer: 1979

Question: Who left the DA's office with Kerry?
Answer: Roanne Sragow

Question: What bakery did Kerry co-found?
Answer: Kilvert & Forbes Ltd.

Question: Who did Kerry start a bakery with?
Answer: K. Dun Gifford
Title: John_Kerry

The junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas, announced in 1984 that he would be stepping down for health reasons. Kerry ran, and as in his 1982 race for Lieutenant Governor, he did not receive the endorsement of the party regulars at the state Democratic convention. Congressman James Shannon, a favorite of House Speaker Tip O'Neill, was the early favorite to win the nomination, and he "won broad establishment support and led in early polling." Again as in 1982, however, Kerry prevailed in a close primary.

Question: What was Paul Tsongas's job in 1984?
Answer: junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts

Question: When did Kerry run for Senate?
Answer: 1984

Question: When did Kerry run for Lt Governor?
Answer: 1982

Question: What was James Shannon's job?
Answer: Congressman

Question: What was Tip O'Neill's job?
Answer: House Speaker