rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: Buddhism

Scholar Isabelle Onians asserts that although "the Mahāyāna ... very occasionally referred contemptuously to earlier Buddhism as the Hinayāna, the Inferior Way," "the preponderance of this name in the secondary literature is far out of proportion to occurrences in the Indian texts." She notes that the term Śrāvakayāna was "the more politically correct and much more usual" term used by Mahāyānists. Jonathan Silk has argued that the term "Hinayana" was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion, and did not refer to any definite grouping of Buddhists.

Question: The mahayana occasionally referred to early Buddhism as what?
Answer: Hinayana

Question: What term was more politically correct term for the word Hinayana?
Answer: Śrāvakayāna
Title: Buddhism

Buddhism provides many opportunities for comparative study with a diverse range of subjects. For example, Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way not only provides a unique guideline for ethics but has also allowed Buddhism to peacefully coexist with various differing beliefs, customs and institutions in countries where it has resided throughout its history. Also, its moral and spiritual parallels with other systems of thought—for example, with various tenets of Christianity—have been subjects of close study. In addition, the Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought, as well as Western metaphysics.

Question: What provides chances for comparative study with a large range of subjects?
Answer: Buddhism

Question: Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle Way provides a guideline for what?
Answer: ethics

Question: Buddism has what kind of parallels withother systems of thought?
Answer: moral and spiritual

Question: Buddhism had similiar tenets to what other common religion?
Answer: Christianity

Question: Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to what modern thought?
Answer: scientific
Title: Buddhism

There are differences of opinion on the question of whether or not Buddhism should be considered a religion. Many sources commonly refer to Buddhism as a religion. For example:

Question: What school of thought is questioned on whether or not it is a religion?
Answer: Buddhism

Question: What is often referred to as a religion by many sources?
Answer: Buddhism
Title: American_Idol

American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to find new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani.

Question: Who is the creator of American Idol?
Answer: Simon Fuller

Question: What company produces American idol?
Answer: 19 Entertainment

Question: What year did American Idol begin airing?
Answer: 2002

Question: What British show is American Idols format based on?
Answer: Pop Idol

Question: What television network does American Idol air on?
Answer: Fox

Question: What company produces American Idol?
Answer: 19 Entertainment

Question: What British series is American Idols format based on?
Answer: Pop Idol

Question: Who created American Idol?
Answer: Simon Fuller

Question: Who produced American Idol?
Answer: 19 Entertainment

Question: When did American Idol first air on TV?
Answer: June 11, 2002

Question: What British show was American Idol based on?
Answer: Pop Idol
Title: American_Idol

American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons.

Question: What record producer was an original judge on American Idol?
Answer: Randy Jackson

Question: What comedian was an original host on American Idol? 
Answer: Brian Dunkleman

Question: What actress is a judge on the most current season of American Idol? 
Answer: Jennifer Lopez

Question: Who was a host on all seasons of American Idol?
Answer: Ryan Seacrest

Question: What comedian was an original host on American Idol?
Answer: Brian Dunkleman

Question: What pop singer was an original judge on American Idol?
Answer: Paula Abdul

Question: What actress is a judge on the most current season of American Idol?
Answer: Jennifer Lopez

Question: Which original judge was a record producer and music manager?
Answer: Randy Jackson

Question: Which original judge was a choreographer?
Answer: Paula Abdul

Question: Which original judge was a music executive?
Answer: Simon Cowell

Question: Which judge is a country music singer?
Answer: Keith Urban

Question: Which judge is a jazz singer?
Answer: Harry Connick, Jr.
Title: American_Idol

The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to be "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut."

Question: How many Billboard hits did American Idol produce in its first ten years?
Answer: 345

Question: Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol?
Answer: Kelly Clarkson

Question: Who called American Idol "the most impactful show in the history of television"?
Answer: a rival TV executive

Question: Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol?
Answer: Carrie Underwood

Question: Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol?
Answer: Fantasia

Question: Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol?
Answer: Carrie Underwood

Question: Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol?
Answer: Fantasia

Question: How many Billboard chart toppers did American Idol contestants have within the first ten seasons?
Answer: 345

Question: Who said that American Idol is "the most impactful show in the history of televsion?
Answer: a rival TV executive
Title: American_Idol

For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would conclude its run in its fifteenth season.

Question: What year did FOX announce that American Idol was cancelled?
Answer: 2015

Question: What year did FOX announce the cancellation of American Idol?
Answer: 2015

Question: For how many seasons did American Idol air? 
Answer: 15

Question: How many consecutive years did American Idol been ranked number one in ratings?
Answer: eight

Question: When did Fox announce that American Idol is ending?
Answer: May 11, 2015
Title: American_Idol

American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner‍—‌the executive producer and production leader‍—‌and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public.

Question: What show in New Zealand was the inspiration for the British Series Pop Idol?
Answer: Popstars

Question: Who was the creator of British Series Pop Idol?
Answer: Simon Fuller

Question: What year did Pop Idol make its television debut?
Answer: 2001

Question: Who was a judge on the British series Pop Idol in 2001?
Answer: Simon Cowell

Question: Wha was the executive producer of Pop Idol in 2001?
Answer: Nigel Lythgoe

Question: What show was Pop Idols based on?
Answer: Popstars

Question: Who saw Popstars while in Australia and wanted Britain to have the same thing?
Answer: Nigel Lythgoe

Question: In addition to back stories and drama, what did Fuller add to the show?
Answer: telephone voting

Question: When did Pop Idol premiere in Britain?
Answer: 2001

Question: Who was the executive producer of Pop Idol?
Answer: Lythgoe
Title: American_Idol

In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan of the British show. The show was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar and debuted in the summer of 2002. Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but refused; Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowell's surprise, it became one of the hit shows for the summer that year. The show, with the personal engagement of the viewers with the contestants through voting, and the presence of the acid-tongued Cowell as a judge, grew into a phenomenon. By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons.

Question: For how many seasons was American Idol the most watched show in the US?
Answer: seven

Question: What year did American Idol first air on FOX?
Answer: 2002

Question: What year did producers attempt to sell the Pop Idol format in the United States? 
Answer: 2001

Question: Who talked Rupert Murdoch into buying American Idol for FOX?
Answer: his daughter Elisabeth

Question: Who is the head of Fox's parent company?
Answer: Rupert Murdoch

Question: What was Pop Idol renamed to for its American debut?
Answer: American Idol: The Search for a Superstar
Title: American_Idol

The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing "image concerns". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.

Question: For how many seasons were the three original judges on American Idol?
Answer: eight

Question: How many judges were originally planned for American Idol?
Answer: four

Question: What New York radio personalty was hired as a judge for American Idol in season two but declined?
Answer: Angie Martinez

Question: What radio DJ was originally hired as a judge in season one but declined?
Answer: Stryker

Question: How many judges were originally intended for the show?
Answer: four

Question: Which judge quit before the premiere, citing image concerns?
Answer: DJ Stryker

Question: During Season two, which judge quit after a few days?
Answer: Angie Martinez

Question: When did American Idol change to a four-judge panel?
Answer: season eight
Title: American_Idol

In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons.

Question: Who was added as a fourth judge in the eighth season of American Idol?
Answer: Kara DioGuardi

Question: Who replaced Paula Abdul as a judge in season nine of American Idol?
Answer: Ellen DeGeneres

Question: For how many seasons was Steven Tyler a judge on American Idol?
Answer: two

Question: What year did Simon Cowell announce that he was leaving American Idol?
Answer: 2010

Question: What show did Simon Cowell launch in 2011 after leaving American Idol?
Answer: The X Factor

Question: Who was added as a fourth judge for the eighth season?
Answer: Kara DioGuardi

Question: When did Paula Abdul quit as a judge?
Answer: before season nine

Question: When did Simon Cowell announce he was no longer going to be a judge?
Answer: January 11, 2010

Question: Which talk show host replaced Paula Abdul?
Answer: Ellen DeGeneres

Question: When did Steven Tyler become a judge?
Answer: season ten
Title: American_Idol

Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.

Question: In what season was Lionel Richie a guest judge on American Idol?
Answer: season two

Question: Which season eight contestant was a guest judge in season fourteen?
Answer: Adam Lambert

Question: In what season was Donna Summer a guest judge on American Idol?
Answer: season three

Question: In which season was Shania Twain a guest judge on American Idol?
Answer: season six

Question: Which season of American Idol featured Katy Perry as a guest judge?
Answer: season nine

Question: Who were the guest judges in season two?
Answer: Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb

Question: When was Shania Twain a guest judge for auditions?
Answer: season eight

Question: When did Donna Summer help the contestants during the final rounds?
Answer: season three
Title: American_Idol

The first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman. Dunkleman quit thereafter, making Seacrest the sole emcee of the show starting with season two.

Question: Who was the only host of American Idol after season one?
Answer: Ryan Seacrest

Question: Which host quit after the first season?
Answer: Brian Dunkleman
Title: American_Idol

Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..

Question: Who was a mentor to the contestants on American Idol in its thirteenth season? 
Answer: Randy Jackson

Question: Who mentored contestants in the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons of American Idol?
Answer: Scott Borchetta

Question: What two things did the mentors help the contestants with?
Answer: song choice and performance

Question: Who was the mentor for seasons 10 - 12?
Answer: Jimmy Iovine

Question: Who was the mentor for season 13?
Answer: Randy Jackson

Question: Who was the mentor for seasons 14 and 15?
Answer: Scott Borchetta
Title: American_Idol

The eligible age-range for contestants is currently fifteen to twenty-eight years old. The initial age limit was sixteen to twenty-four in the first three seasons, but the upper limit was raised to twenty-eight in season four, and the lower limit was reduced to fifteen in season ten. The contestants must be legal U.S. residents, cannot have advanced to particular stages of the competition in previous seasons (varies depending on the season, currently by the semi-final stage until season thirteen), and must not hold any current recording or talent representation contract by the semi-final stage (in previous years by the audition stage).

Question: What is the upper age limit for contestants on American Idol?
Answer: twenty-eight

Question: When was the age limit increased to 28?
Answer: season four

Question: Currently, contestants can not have a recording track by what stage of the competition? 
Answer: semi-final stage
Title: American_Idol

Contestants go through at least three sets of cuts. The first is a brief audition with a few other contestants in front of selectors which may include one of the show's producers. Although auditions can exceed 10,000 in each city, only a few hundred of these make it past the preliminary round of auditions. Successful contestants then sing in front of producers, where more may be cut. Only then can they proceed to audition in front of the judges, which is the only audition stage shown on television. Those selected by the judges are sent to Hollywood. Between 10–60 people in each city may make it to Hollywood[citation needed].

Question: How many auditions are there before contestants audition for the judges?
Answer: at least three

Question: Which audition stage is televised?
Answer: the judges

Question: How many contestants make it through the initial auditions in each city?
Answer: a few hundred

Question: What is the only televised portion of the preliminary audition rounds?
Answer: in front of the judges

Question: How many rounds can a contestant make it through before Hollywood?
Answer: three

Question: Who do contestants sing for in the second round of cuts during auditions?
Answer: producers

Question: If contestants get approval from the judges, where do they go next?
Answer: Hollywood
Title: American_Idol

Once in Hollywood, the contestants perform individually or in groups in a series of rounds. Until season ten, there were usually three rounds of eliminations in Hollywood. In the first round the contestants emerged in groups but performed individually. For the next round, the contestants put themselves in small groups and perform a song together. In the final round, the contestants perform solo with a song of their choice a cappella or accompanied by a band‍—‌depending on the season. In seasons two and three, contestants were also asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round. In season seven, the group round was eliminated and contestants may, after a first solo performance and on judges approval, skip a second solo round and move directly to the final Hollywood round. In season twelve, the executive producers split up the females and males and chose the members to form the groups in the group round.

Question: Which season did not have a group round in Hollywood?
Answer: seven

Question: In which seasons were contestants required to write original lyrics?
Answer: two and three

Question: How many Hollywood rounds were there in the first nine seasons?
Answer: usually three

Question: In which season were contestants separated by gender to form groups?
Answer: twelve

Question: How many rounds of cuts were in the Hollywood stage until season ten?
Answer: three

Question: What was eliminated from the Hollywood round in Season seven?
Answer: groups

Question: Which seasons did contestants have to write an original lyric or melody?
Answer: seasons two and three
Title: American_Idol

In seasons ten and eleven, a further round was added in Las Vegas, where the contestants perform in groups based on a theme, followed by one final solo round to determine the semi-finalists. At the end of this stage of the competition, 24 to 36 contestants are selected to move on to the semi-final stage. In season twelve the Las Vegas round became a Sudden Death round, where the judges had to choose five guys and five girls each night (four nights) to make the top twenty. In season thirteen, a new round called "Hollywood or Home" was added, where if the judges were uncertain about some contestants, those contestants were required to perform soon after landing in Los Angeles, and those who failed to impress were sent back home before they reached Hollywood.

Question: In what city did contestants perform an additional round in seasons ten and eleven?
Answer: Las Vegas

Question: What was the Las Vegas round called in season twelve?
Answer: Sudden Death

Question: In which season was the "Hollywood or Home" round added to the competition?
Answer: twelve
Title: American_Idol

From the semi-finals onwards, the fate of the contestants is decided by public vote. During the contestant's performance as well as the recap at the end, a toll-free telephone number for each contestant is displayed on the screen. For a two-hour period after the episode ends (up to four hours for the finale) in each US time zone, viewers may call or send a text message to their preferred contestant's telephone number, and each call or text message is registered as a vote for that contestant. Viewers are allowed to vote as many times as they can within the two-hour voting window. However, the show reserves the right to discard votes by power dialers. One or more of the least popular contestants may be eliminated in successive weeks until a winner emerges. Over 110 million votes were cast in the first season, and by season ten the seasonal total had increased to nearly 750 million. Voting via text messaging was made available in the second season when AT&T Wireless joined as a sponsor of the show, and 7.5 million text messages were sent to American Idol that season. The number of text messages rapidly increased, reaching 178 million texts by season eight. Online voting was offered for the first time in season ten. The votes are counted and verified by Telescope Inc.

Question: How many text message votes were there in season eight?
Answer: 178 million

Question: In which season was online voting introduced?
Answer: ten

Question: What company counts the votes on American Idol? 
Answer: Telescope Inc

Question: At what point does the public begin voting for contestants?
Answer: the semi-finals

Question: How many votes were cast for contestants in the first season?
Answer: Over 110 million

Question: How many votes were cast by season ten for all contestants?
Answer: nearly 750 million