rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: Armenia

Nevertheless, the government was able to make wide-ranging economic reforms that paid off in dramatically lower inflation and steady growth. The 1994 cease-fire in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has also helped the economy. Armenia has had strong economic growth since 1995, building on the turnaround that began the previous year, and inflation has been negligible for the past several years. New sectors, such as precious-stone processing and jewellery making, information and communication technology, and even tourism are beginning to supplement more traditional sectors of the economy, such as agriculture.

Question: What did Armenia declare a cease-fire to in 1994?
Answer: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Question: Since when has Armenia experienced a positive growth in their economy?
Answer: 1995

Question: What helped Armenia decrease inflation and create study growth in the economy?
Answer: economic reforms

Question: What is one of the newer sectors Armenia has in addition to agriculture?
Answer: precious-stone processing
Title: Armenia

This steady economic progress has earned Armenia increasing support from international institutions. The International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), and other international financial institutions (IFIs) and foreign countries are extending considerable grants and loans. Loans to Armenia since 1993 exceed $1.1 billion. These loans are targeted at reducing the budget deficit and stabilizing the currency; developing private businesses; energy; agriculture; food processing; transportation; the health and education sectors; and ongoing rehabilitation in the earthquake zone. The government joined the World Trade Organization on 5 February 2003. But one of the main sources of foreign direct investments remains the Armenian diaspora, which finances major parts of the reconstruction of infrastructure and other public projects. Being a growing democratic state, Armenia also hopes to get more financial aid from the Western World.

Question: What does IMF stand for?
Answer: International Monetary Fund

Question: What dos EBRD stand for?
Answer: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

Question: What does IFI stand for?
Answer: international financial institutions

Question: How much in loans has Armenia received since 1993?
Answer: $1.1 billion

Question: When did Armenia become a part of the World Trade Organization?
Answer: 5 February 2003
Title: Armenia

A liberal foreign investment law was approved in June 1994, and a law on privatisation was adopted in 1997, as well as a program of state property privatisation. Continued progress will depend on the ability of the government to strengthen its macroeconomic management, including increasing revenue collection, improving the investment climate, and making strides against corruption. However, unemployment, which currently stands at around 15%, still remains a major problem due to the influx of thousands of refugees from the Karabakh conflict.

Question: What is the unemployment rate in Armenia?
Answer: 15%

Question: To what does Armenia attribute it's high unemployment rate?
Answer: refugees from the Karabakh conflict

Question: When did Armenia establish a foreign investment law?
Answer: June 1994

Question: When did Armenia establish a law on privatisation?
Answer: 1997
Title: Armenia

In the 1988–89 school year, 301 students per 10,000 population were in specialized secondary or higher education, a figure slightly lower than the Soviet average. In 1989 some 58% of Armenians over age fifteen had completed their secondary education, and 14% had a higher education. In the 1990–91 school year, the estimated 1,307 primary and secondary schools were attended by 608,800 students. Another seventy specialized secondary institutions had 45,900 students, and 68,400 students were enrolled in a total of ten postsecondary institutions that included universities. In addition, 35% of eligible children attended preschools. In 1992 Armenia's largest institution of higher learning, Yerevan State University, had eighteen departments, including ones for social sciences, sciences, and law. Its faculty numbered about 1,300 teachers and its student population about 10,000 students. The National Polytechnic University of Armenia is operating since 1933.

Question: What percent of Armenian children go to preschool?
Answer: 35%

Question: What is Armenia's biggest University?
Answer: Yerevan State University

Question: When did the National Polytechnic University of Armenia open?
Answer: 1933

Question: How many students did Yerevan State University have in 1992?
Answer: 10,000

Question: How many teachers did Yerevan State University have in 1992?
Answer: 1,300
Title: Armenia

On the basis of the expansion and development of Yerevan State University a number of higher educational independent Institutions were formed including Medical Institute separated in 1930 which was set up on the basis of medical faculty. In 1980 Yerevan State Medical University was awarded one of the main rewards of the former USSR – the Order of Labor red Banner for training qualified specialists in health care and valuable service in the development of Medical Science. In 1995 YSMI was renamed to YSMU and since 1989 it has been named after Mkhitar Heratsi, the famous medieval doctor. Mkhitar Heratsi was the founder of Armenian Medical school in Cilician Armenia. The great doctor played the same role in Armenian Medical Science as Hippocrates in Western, Galen in Roman, Ibn Sīnā in Arabic medicine.

Question: When was Yerevan State Medical University awarded the Order of Labor red Banner?
Answer: 1980

Question: When was the Medical Institute formed?
Answer: 1930

Question: When was Yerevan State Medical Institute renamed to Yerevan State Medical University?
Answer: 1995

Question: Who founded the Armenian Medical school in Cilician Armenia?
Answer: Mkhitar Heratsi

Question: Which doctor did the YSMU rename itself after?
Answer: Mkhitar Heratsi
Title: Armenia

Foreign students' department for Armenian diaspora established in 1957 later was enlarged and the enrollment of foreign students began. Nowadays the YSMU is a Medical Institution corresponding to international requirements, trains medical staff for not only Armenia and neighbor countries, i.e. Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Georgia, but also many other leading countries all over the world. A great number of foreign students from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation study together with Armenian students. Nowadays the university is ranked among famous higher Medical Institutions and takes its honorable place in the World Directory of Medical Schools published by the WHO.

Question: Who is in charge of releasing the World Directory of Medical Schools?
Answer: WHO

Question: When was the foreign student department for Armenian diaspora created?
Answer: 1957

Question: Armenian students attend YMSU with foreign students from where?
Answer: India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the USA and Russian Federation
Title: Armenia

Other educational institutions in Armenia include the American University of Armenia and the QSI International School of Yerevan. The American University of Armenia has graduate programs in Business and Law, among others. The institution owes its existence to the combined efforts of the Government of Armenia, the Armenian General Benevolent Union, U.S. Agency for International Development, and the University of California. The extension programs and the library at AUA form a new focal point for English-language intellectual life in the city. Armenia also hosts a deployment of OLPC – One Laptopschool Per child XO laptop-tablet schools.

Question: What does OLPC stand for?
Answer: One Laptopschool Per child

Question: What are the names of some of the other higher education organizations in Armenia?
Answer: American University of Armenia and the QSI International School of Yerevan

Question: What are some of the graduate programs available at AUA?
Answer: Business and Law
Title: Armenia

Instruments like the duduk, the dhol, the zurna, and the kanun are commonly found in Armenian folk music. Artists such as Sayat Nova are famous due to their influence in the development of Armenian folk music. One of the oldest types of Armenian music is the Armenian chant which is the most common kind of religious music in Armenia. Many of these chants are ancient in origin, extending to pre-Christian times, while others are relatively modern, including several composed by Saint Mesrop Mashtots, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet. Whilst under Soviet rule, Armenian classical music composer Aram Khatchaturian became internationally well known for his music, for various ballets and the Sabre Dance from his composition for the ballet Gayane.

Question: What are some examples of Armenian folk music instruments?
Answer: the duduk, the dhol, the zurna, and the kanun

Question: Who created the Armenian alphabet?
Answer: Saint Mesrop Mashtots

Question: Who composed the Sabre Dance?
Answer: Aram Khatchaturian

Question: What is known as one of the most prolific type of religious music in Armenia?
Answer: the Armenian chant
Title: Armenia

The Armenian Genocide caused widespread emigration that led to the settlement of Armenians in various countries in the world. Armenians kept to their traditions and certain diasporans rose to fame with their music. In the post-Genocide Armenian community of the United States, the so-called "kef" style Armenian dance music, using Armenian and Middle Eastern folk instruments (often electrified/amplified) and some western instruments, was popular. This style preserved the folk songs and dances of Western Armenia, and many artists also played the contemporary popular songs of Turkey and other Middle Eastern countries from which the Armenians emigrated.

Question: What is kef?
Answer: Armenian dance music, using Armenian and Middle Eastern folk instruments

Question: What did kef help do?
Answer: preserved the folk songs and dances of Western Armenia

Question: Where did the Armenians emigrate from?
Answer: Turkey and other Middle Eastern countries
Title: Armenia

Richard Hagopian is perhaps the most famous artist of the traditional "kef" style and the Vosbikian Band was notable in the 1940s and 1950s for developing their own style of "kef music" heavily influenced by the popular American Big Band Jazz of the time. Later, stemming from the Middle Eastern Armenian diaspora and influenced by Continental European (especially French) pop music, the Armenian pop music genre grew to fame in the 1960s and 1970s with artists such as Adiss Harmandian and Harout Pamboukjian performing to the Armenian diaspora and Armenia; also with artists such as Sirusho, performing pop music combined with Armenian folk music in today's entertainment industry.

Question: Who is the most well know kef artist?
Answer: Richard Hagopian

Question: What type of music had the biggest impact on the kef of the Vosbikian Band?
Answer: American Big Band Jazz

Question: When did Armenian pop music become popular?
Answer: the 1960s and 1970s

Question: Who were some Armenian pop artists?
Answer: Adiss Harmandian and Harout Pamboukjian
Title: Armenia

Other Armenian diasporans that rose to fame in classical or international music circles are world-renowned French-Armenian singer and composer Charles Aznavour, pianist Sahan Arzruni, prominent opera sopranos such as Hasmik Papian and more recently Isabel Bayrakdarian and Anna Kasyan. Certain Armenians settled to sing non-Armenian tunes such as the heavy metal band System of a Down (which nonetheless often incorporates traditional Armenian instrumentals and styling into their songs) or pop star Cher. In the Armenian diaspora, Armenian revolutionary songs are popular with the youth. These songs encourage Armenian patriotism and are generally about Armenian history and national heroes.

Question: What type of musician is Sahan Arzruni?
Answer: pianist

Question: What type of band was System of a Down?
Answer: heavy metal

Question: What type of songs do armenian youth prefer?
Answer: Armenian revolutionary songs

Question: What topics do armenian revolutionary songs usually encompass?
Answer: Armenian history and national heroes
Title: Armenia

Yerevan Vernissage (arts and crafts market), close to Republic Square, bustles with hundreds of vendors selling a variety of crafts on weekends and Wednesdays (though the selection is much reduced mid-week). The market offers woodcarving, antiques, fine lace, and the hand-knotted wool carpets and kilims that are a Caucasus specialty. Obsidian, which is found locally, is crafted into assortment of jewellery and ornamental objects. Armenian gold smithery enjoys a long tradition, populating one corner of the market with a selection of gold items. Soviet relics and souvenirs of recent Russian manufacture – nesting dolls, watches, enamel boxes and so on – are also available at the Vernisage.

Question: What is Obsidian used for?
Answer: jewellery and ornamental objects

Question: What are some examples of soviet memorabilia that can be purchased at Vernissage?
Answer: nesting dolls, watches, enamel boxes

Question: What types of crafts can be purchased at Vernissage?
Answer: woodcarving, antiques, fine lace, and the hand-knotted wool carpets and kilims

Question: What is Vernissage?
Answer: arts and crafts market
Title: Armenia

The National Art Gallery in Yerevan has more than 16,000 works that date back to the Middle Ages, which indicate Armenia's rich tales and stories of the times. It houses paintings by many European masters as well. The Modern Art Museum, the Children’s Picture Gallery, and the Martiros Saryan Museum are only a few of the other noteworthy collections of fine art on display in Yerevan. Moreover, many private galleries are in operation, with many more opening every year, featuring rotating exhibitions and sales.

Question: How many pieces can be found in the Yerevan National Art Gallery?
Answer: more than 16,000

Question: Where other than the National Art Gallery can one find art on display in Yerevan?
Answer: The Modern Art Museum, the Children’s Picture Gallery, and the Martiros Saryan Museum

Question: What is the earliest period the National Art Gallery has pieces from?
Answer: the Middle Ages
Title: Armenia

A wide array of sports are played in Armenia, the most popular among them being wrestling, weightlifting, judo, association football, chess, and boxing. Armenia's mountainous terrain provides great opportunities for the practice of sports like skiing and climbing. Being a landlocked country, water sports can only be practiced on lakes, notably Lake Sevan. Competitively, Armenia has been successful in chess, weightlifting and wrestling at the international level. Armenia is also an active member of the international sports community, with full membership in the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It also hosts the Pan-Armenian Games.

Question: Which lake is most popular for water sports in Armenia?
Answer: Lake Sevan

Question: What international sports has Armenia done well at?
Answer: chess, weightlifting and wrestling

Question: What does IIHF stand for?
Answer: Ice Hockey Federation

Question: Which Games does Armenia hold?
Answer: Pan-Armenian Games
Title: Armenia

Prior to 1992, Armenians would participate in the Olympics representing the USSR. As part of the Soviet Union, Armenia was very successful, winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Olympic history was by Hrant Shahinyan (sometimes spelled as Grant Shaginyan), who won two golds and two silvers in gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. To highlight the level of success of Armenians in the Olympics, Shahinyan was quoted as saying:

Question: What Olympic Sport did Hrant Shahinyan compete in?
Answer: gymnastics

Question: What medals did Hrant Shahinyan win at the 1952 Summer Olympics?
Answer: two golds and two silvers

Question: Where were the 1952 Summer Olympics held?
Answer: Helsinki

Question: What year did Armenia begin competiting in the Olympics seperate from the USSR?
Answer: 1992
Title: Armenia

Football is also popular in Armenia. The most successful team was the FC Ararat Yerevan team of the 1970s who won the Soviet Cup in 1973 and 1975 and the Soviet Top League in 1973. The latter achievement saw FC Ararat gain entry to the European Cup where – despite a home victory in the second leg – they lost on aggregate at the quarter final stage to eventual winner FC Bayern Munich. Armenia competed internationally as part of the USSR national football team until the Armenian national football team was formed in 1992 after the split of the Soviet Union. Armenia have never qualified for a major tournament although recent improvements saw the team to achieve 44th position in the FIFA World Rankings in September 2011. The national team is controlled by the Football Federation of Armenia. The Armenian Premier League is the highest level football competition in Armenia, and has been dominated by FC Pyunik in recent seasons. The league currently consists of eight teams and relegates to the Armenian First League.

Question: What team won the Soviet football Cup in 1973 and 1975?
Answer: FC Ararat Yerevan team

Question: Which team did the FC Ararat lose to in the European Cup?
Answer: FC Bayern Munich

Question: What FIFA ranking did Armenia hold in 2011?
Answer: 44th

Question: How many teams does the Armenian Premier League have?
Answer: eight teams
Title: Armenia

Due to the lack of success lately on the international level, in recent years, Armenia has rebuilt 16 Soviet-era sports schools and furnished them with new equipment for a total cost of $1.9 million. The rebuilding of the regional schools was financed by the Armenian government. $9.3 million has been invested in the resort town of Tsaghkadzor to improve the winter sports infrastructure because of dismal performances at recent winter sports events. In 2005, a cycling center was opened in Yerevan with the aim of helping produce world class Armenian cyclists. The government has also promised a cash reward of $700,000 to Armenians who win a gold medal at the Olympics.

Question: Who provided the funds to rebuild the Armenian sports schools?
Answer: the Armenian government

Question: What year did Yerevan create a cyclying center?
Answer: 2005

Question: What prize do Armenians receive from the government if they win a gold medal?
Answer: $700,000

Question: How much money was spent to revamp Tsaghkadzor for winter sports?
Answer: $9.3 million

Question: How much did Armenia spend to fix up their sports schools?
Answer: $1.9 million
Title: Armenia

Armenian cuisine is as ancient as the history of Armenia, a combination of different tastes and aromas. The food often has quite a distinct aroma. Closely related to eastern and Mediterranean cuisine, various spices, vegetables, fish, and fruits combine to present unique dishes. The main characteristics of Armenian cuisine are a reliance on the quality of the ingredients rather than heavily spicing food, the use of herbs, the use of wheat in a variety of forms, of legumes, nuts, and fruit (as a main ingredient as well as to sour food), and the stuffing of a wide variety of leaves.

Question: What type of food is Armenian food most similair to?
Answer: eastern and Mediterranean cuisine

Question: What does Armenian cuisine place an emphasis on?
Answer: quality of the ingredients

Question: What does Armenian cuisine use to create its distinctive dishes?
Answer: various spices, vegetables, fish, and fruits

Question: What different uses does fruit have in Armenian food?
Answer: main ingredient as well as to sour food
Title: Bacteria

Bacteria (i/bækˈtɪəriə/; singular: bacterium) constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. They are also known to have flourished in manned spacecraft.

Question: What is a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms?
Answer: Bacteria

Question: What configurations can bacteria can bacteria take?
Answer: spheres to rods and spirals

Question: When is the typical lenght  for bacteria?
Answer: few micrometres

Question: What environments can bacteria live?
Answer: present in most of its habitats

Question: What is the relationships between plants animals and bacteria?
Answer: symbiotic and parasitic relationships
Title: Bacteria

There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water. There are approximately 5×1030 bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass which exceeds that of all plants and animals. Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, with many of the stages in nutrient cycles dependent on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere and putrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. On 17 March 2013, researchers reported data that suggested bacterial life forms thrive in the Mariana Trench, which with a depth of up to 11 kilometres is the deepest part of the Earth's oceans. Other researchers reported related studies that microbes thrive inside rocks up to 580 metres below the sea floor under 2.6 kilometres of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States. According to one of the researchers, "You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are."

Question: What amount of bacteria can be found in a gram of soil?
Answer: 40 million bacterial cells

Question: How many bacteria cells can be in a milliltre of fresh water?
Answer: million bacterial cells

Question: How does bacteria help to sustain life in hydrothermal vents and cold seeps?
Answer: by converting dissolved compounds

Question: What deepest part of the ocean was bacteria found?
Answer: Mariana Trench

Question: Can bacteria survive inside rocks under the sea level?
Answer: thrive inside rocks
Title: Bacteria

There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the human flora as there are human cells in the body, with the largest number of the human flora being in the gut flora, and a large number on the skin. The vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the protective effects of the immune system, and some are beneficial. However, several species of bacteria are pathogenic and cause infectious diseases, including cholera, syphilis, anthrax, leprosy, and bubonic plague. The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections, with tuberculosis alone killing about 2 million people per year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. In developed countries, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are also used in farming, making antibiotic resistance a growing problem. In industry, bacteria are important in sewage treatment and the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt through fermentation, and the recovery of gold, palladium, copper and other metals in the mining sector, as well as in biotechnology, and the manufacture of antibiotics and other chemicals.

Question: What is the ratio of human/bacteria cells in human flora?
Answer: ten times as many bacterial cells

Question: What keeps bacteria at bay in human body?
Answer: the immune system

Question: What type of bacteria can cause infectious diseases?
Answer: pathogenic

Question: What are the deadliest diseases caused by bacteria?
Answer: respiratory infections

Question: What makes bacteria resistant to antibiotic treatment?
Answer: farming