rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: Comcast

Critics noted in 2013 that Tom Wheeler, the head of the FCC, which has to approve the deal, is the former head of both the largest cable lobbying organization, the National Cable & Telecommunications Association, and as largest wireless lobby, CTIA – The Wireless Association. According to Politico, Comcast "donated to almost every member of Congress who has a hand in regulating it." The US Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the deal on April 9, 2014. The House Judiciary Committee planned its own hearing. On March 6, 2014 the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division confirmed it was investigating the deal. In March 2014, the division's chairman, William Baer, recused himself because he was involved in a prior Comcast NBCUniversal acquisition. Several states' attorneys general have announced support for the federal investigation. On April 24, 2015, Jonathan Sallet, general counsel of the F.C.C., said that he was going to recommend a hearing before an administrative law judge, equivalent to a collapse of the deal.

Question: Who was the head of the FCC at the time of Comcast's proposed purchase of Time Warner Cable?
Answer: Tom Wheeler

Question: What two organizations had Wheeler headed prior to joining the FCC?
Answer: National Cable & Telecommunications Association, and as largest wireless lobby, CTIA – The Wireless Association

Question: What group sought to investigate the purchase on anti-trust grounds?
Answer: United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division

Question: What Senate group held hearings on the purchase?
Answer: US Senate Judiciary Committee

Question: Who was the general counsel of the FCC in 2015?
Answer: Jonathan Sallet
Title: Comcast

Comcast delivers third-party television programming content to its own customers, and also produces its own first-party content both for subscribers and customers of other competing television services. Fully or partially owned Comcast programming includes Comcast Newsmakers, Comcast Network, Comcast SportsNet, SportsNet New York, MLB Network, Comcast Sports Southeast/Charter Sports Southeast, NBC Sports Network, The Golf Channel, AZN Television, and FEARnet. On May 19, 2009, Disney and ESPN announced an agreement to allow Comcast Corporation to carry the channels ESPNU and ESPN3. The U.S. Olympic Committee and Comcast intended to team up to create The U.S. Olympic Network, which was slated to launch after the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games. These plans were then put on hold by the U.S. Olympic Committee. The U.S. Olympic Committee and Comcast have ended the plans to create The U.S. Olympic Network.

Question: Disney and Comcast joined forces to allow Comcast to air what sports networks?
Answer: ESPNU and ESPN3

Question: What network was proposed by Comcast and the US Olympic Committee?
Answer: The U.S. Olympic Network

Question: What city hosted the 2010 Winter Olympics?
Answer: Vancouver

Question: What happened to the U.S. Olympic Network?
Answer: The U.S. Olympic Committee and Comcast have ended the plans
Title: Comcast

Comcast also owns many local channels. Comcast also has a variety network known as Comcast Network, available exclusively to Comcast and Cablevision subscribers. The channel shows news, sports, and entertainment and places emphasis in Philadelphia and the Baltimore/Washington, D.C. areas, though the channel is also available in New York, Pittsburgh, and Richmond. In August 2004, Comcast started a channel called Comcast Entertainment Television, for Colorado Comcast subscribers, and focusing on life in Colorado. It also carries some National Hockey League and National Basketball Association games when Altitude Sports & Entertainment is carrying the NHL or NBA. In January 2006, CET became the primary channel for Colorado's Emergency Alert System in the Denver Metro Area. In 2006, Comcast helped found the channel SportsNet New York, acquiring a minority stake. The other partners in the project were New York Mets and Time Warner Cable.

Question: What is the name of Comcast's channel available to subscribers in east coast markets?
Answer: Comcast Network

Question: What is the name of Comcast's subscriber channel in Colorado?
Answer: Comcast Entertainment Television

Question: In what year did Comcast Entertainment take over operation of Colorado's Emergency Alert System?
Answer: 2006

Question: What New York area sports channel did Comcast help found in 2006
Answer: SportsNet New York

Question: What baseball team was Comcast's partner in their New York sports network?
Answer: New York Mets
Title: Comcast

In 1996, Comcast bought a controlling stake in Spectacor from the company's founder, Ed Snider. Comcast-Spectacor holdings now include the Philadelphia Flyers NHL hockey team, the Philadelphia 76ers National Basketball Association basketball team and two large multipurpose arenas in Philadelphia. Over a number of years, Comcast became majority owner of Comcast SportsNet, as well as Golf Channel and NBCSN (formerly the Outdoor Life Network, then Versus). In 2002, Comcast paid the University of Maryland $25 million for naming rights to the new basketball arena built on the College Park campus, the XFINITY Center. Before it was renamed for Comcast's cable subsidiary, XFINITY Center was called Comcast Center from its opening in 2002 through July 2014.

Question: Who was the founder of Philadelphia sports corporation Spectator?
Answer: Ed Snider

Question: Comcast's purchase of Spectator gave them what sports teams in Philadelphia?
Answer: the Philadelphia Flyers NHL hockey team, the Philadelphia 76ers National Basketball Association basketball team

Question: What was the original name of NBCSN?
Answer: Outdoor Life Network

Question: Comcast bought naming rights for what college's basketball arena?
Answer: the University of Maryland

Question: What was the second name NBCSN was known as?
Answer: Versus
Title: Comcast

In 2004 and 2007, the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) survey found that Comcast had the worst customer satisfaction rating of any company or government agency in the country, including the Internal Revenue Service. The ACSI indicates that almost half of all cable customers (regardless of company) have registered complaints, and that cable is the only industry to score below 60 in the ACSI. Comcast's Customer Service Rating by the ACSI surveys indicate that the company's customer service has not improved since the surveys began in 2001. Analysis of the surveys states that "Comcast is one of the lowest scoring companies in ACSI. As its customer satisfaction eroded by 7% over the past year, revenue increased by 12%." The ACSI analysis also addresses this contradiction, stating that "Such pricing power usually comes with some level of monopoly protection and most cable companies have little competition at the local level. This also means that a cable company can do well financially even though its customers are not particularly satisfied."

Question: What organization rated Comcast's customer service the worst in the country in 2004 and 2007?
Answer: American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI)

Question: Comcast's customer service was rated worse than what government organization?
Answer: the Internal Revenue Service

Question: When did the ACSI begin doing customer satisfaction surveys?
Answer: 2001

Question: When Comcast's customer service rating fell 7%, what happened to its revenues?
Answer: increased by 12%

Question: What prime factor did the ACSI use to explain this anomaly?
Answer: most cable companies have little competition at the local level
Title: Comcast

Comcast was given an "F" for its corporate governance practices in 2010, by Corporate Library, an independent shareholder-research organization. According to Corporate Library, Comcast's board of directors ability to oversee and control management was severely compromised (at least in 2010) by the fact that several of the directors either worked for the company or had business ties to it (making them susceptible to management pressure), and a third of the directors were over 70 years of age. According to the Wall Street Journal nearly two-thirds of the flights of Comcast's $40 million corporate jet purchased for business travel related to the NBCU acquisition, were to CEO Brian Roberts' private homes or to resorts.

Question: What organization gave Comcast an "F" rating in 2010?
Answer: Corporate Library

Question: In issuing the grade, the Corporate Library found that a third of Comcast's board was how old?
Answer: over 70 years of age

Question: How much did Comcast pay for flights of its company jet in 2010?
Answer: $40 million

Question: What conflict did Corporate Library note with Comcast's Board?
Answer: several of the directors either worked for the company or had business ties to it
Title: Comcast

In January 2015, a customer named Ricardo Brown received a bill from Comcast with his name changed to "Asshole Brown". Brown's wife, Lisa, believed a Comcast employee changed the name in response to the Browns' request to cancel their cable service, an incident in which she was refused a cancellation unless she paid a $60 fee and instead was routed to a retention specialist. Comcast refused to correct the name on their bill after bringing it to the attention of numerous customer service outlets for the company by explaining that Ricardo is the legal name of the customer, so the Browns turned to consumer advocate Christopher Elliott. Elliott posted the facts of the incident, along with a copy of the bill, on his blog. Shortly thereafter, Elliott contacted Comcast and Comcast offered the Browns an apology, a $60 refund, and a promise to track down and fire the responsible employee. The Browns instead requested a full refund for their negative experience and Comcast agreed to refund the family the last two years of service and provide the next two years of service at no charge. Comcast released a statement explaining: "We have spoken with our customer and apologized for this completely unacceptable and inappropriate name change. We have zero tolerance for this type of disrespectful behavior and are conducting a thorough investigation to determine what happened. We are working with our customer to make this right and will take appropriate steps to prevent this from happening again."

Question: What name was listed on Comcast customer Ricardo Brown's invoice in January, 2015?
Answer: "Asshole Brown"

Question: What consumer advocate took over the Brown's case?
Answer: Christopher Elliott

Question: What was the amount of disputed money that Comcast eventually returned to the Browns?
Answer: $60

Question: Comcast eventually refunded how much service time to the Browns?
Answer: two years

Question: Comcast also told the Browns they would do what to correct the situation with the name change?
Answer: promise to track down and fire the responsible employee
Title: Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections do not have symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis. About 10% of latent infections progress to active disease which, if left untreated, kills about half of those infected. The classic symptoms of active TB are a chronic cough with blood-containing sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. The historical term "consumption" came about due to the weight loss. Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms.

Question: What bacterium causes tuberculosis infection?
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question: What primary body part is affected by tuberculosis?
Answer: lungs

Question: Roughly, what percentage of latent tuberculosis infections result in active tuberculosis?
Answer: 10%

Question: Along with cough, weight loss, and night sweats, what's the fourth classic symptom of the disease?
Answer: fever

Question: What name has been used to refer to tuberculosis because of associated weight loss?
Answer: consumption
Title: Tuberculosis

One-third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. New infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. In 2014, there were 9.6 million cases of active TB which resulted in 1.5 million deaths. More than 95% of deaths occurred in developing countries. The number of new cases each year has decreased since 2000. About 80% of people in many Asian and African countries test positive while 5–10% of people in the United States population tests positive by the tuberculin test. Tuberculosis has been present in humans since ancient times.

Question: How much of the entire population of the planet is estimated to be carrying tuberculosis?
Answer: One-third

Question: How many cases of tuberculosis were active over the course of 2014?
Answer: 9.6 million

Question: In 2014, how many people died from TB?
Answer: 1.5 million

Question: Does the majority of fatalities from TB occur in developing countries or industrialized nations?
Answer: developing countries

Question: Has TB infection increased or decreased worldwide since the start of the 21st century?
Answer: decreased
Title: Tuberculosis

If a tuberculosis infection does become active, it most commonly involves the lungs (in about 90% of cases). Symptoms may include chest pain and a prolonged cough producing sputum. About 25% of people may not have any symptoms (i.e. they remain "asymptomatic"). Occasionally, people may cough up blood in small amounts, and in very rare cases, the infection may erode into the pulmonary artery or a Rasmussen's aneurysm, resulting in massive bleeding. Tuberculosis may become a chronic illness and cause extensive scarring in the upper lobes of the lungs. The upper lung lobes are more frequently affected by tuberculosis than the lower ones. The reason for this difference is not clear. It may be due either to better air flow, or to poor lymph drainage within the upper lungs.

Question: Which lobes of the lungs are more often affected by TB?
Answer: upper lung lobes

Question: What symptom will result if TB infection causes a Rasmussen's aneurysm?
Answer: massive bleeding

Question: What percentage of tuberculosis infections don't ever manifest in symptoms of the disease?
Answer: 25%

Question: If TB becomes chronic, what lasting effect might it have on the lung's upper lobes?
Answer: scarring

Question: Approximately what percentage of active TB cases affect the lungs?
Answer: 90%
Title: Tuberculosis

In 15–20% of active cases, the infection spreads outside the lungs, causing other kinds of TB. These are collectively denoted as "extrapulmonary tuberculosis". Extrapulmonary TB occurs more commonly in immunosuppressed persons and young children. In those with HIV, this occurs in more than 50% of cases. Notable extrapulmonary infection sites include the pleura (in tuberculous pleurisy), the central nervous system (in tuberculous meningitis), the lymphatic system (in scrofula of the neck), the genitourinary system (in urogenital tuberculosis), and the bones and joints (in Pott disease of the spine), among others. When it spreads to the bones, it is also known as "osseous tuberculosis", a form of osteomyelitis. Sometimes, bursting of a tubercular abscess through skin results in tuberculous ulcer. An ulcer originating from nearby infected lymph nodes is painless, slowly enlarging and has an appearance of "wash leather". A potentially more serious, widespread form of TB is called "disseminated tuberculosis", also known as miliary tuberculosis. Miliary TB makes up about 10% of extrapulmonary cases.

Question: What's the medical term for TB when it spreads from the lungs to other parts of the body?
Answer: extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Question: At least what percentage of HIV-positive patients who contract TB will experience extrapulmonary infection?
Answer: 50%

Question: What's the other name for "disseminated tuberculosis"?
Answer: miliary tuberculosis

Question: Along with people with diminished immune function, like HIV patients, what group of people is more likely to develop extrapulmonary TB?
Answer: young children

Question: If TB infection spreads to the central nervous system, what is it called?
Answer: tuberculous meningitis
Title: Tuberculosis

The main cause of TB is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a small, aerobic, nonmotile bacillus. The high lipid content of this pathogen accounts for many of its unique clinical characteristics. It divides every 16 to 20 hours, which is an extremely slow rate compared with other bacteria, which usually divide in less than an hour. Mycobacteria have an outer membrane lipid bilayer. If a Gram stain is performed, MTB either stains very weakly "Gram-positive" or does not retain dye as a result of the high lipid and mycolic acid content of its cell wall. MTB can withstand weak disinfectants and survive in a dry state for weeks. In nature, the bacterium can grow only within the cells of a host organism, but M. tuberculosis can be cultured in the laboratory.

Question: The uniqueness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is due to its high level of what type of molecule?
Answer: lipid

Question: Is the division rate of the TB bacterium fast or slow relative to other bacteria?
Answer: slow

Question: In nature, what "helper" does the MTB bacterium require to grow?
Answer: a host organism

Question: How long is the period between division of MTB cells?
Answer: 16 to 20 hours

Question: How much time does it take most bacteria to divide?
Answer: less than an hour
Title: Tuberculosis

Using histological stains on expectorated samples from phlegm (also called "sputum"), scientists can identify MTB under a microscope. Since MTB retains certain stains even after being treated with acidic solution, it is classified as an acid-fast bacillus. The most common acid-fast staining techniques are the Ziehl–Neelsen stain and the Kinyoun stain, which dye acid-fast bacilli a bright red that stands out against a blue background. Auramine-rhodamine staining and fluorescence microscopy are also used.

Question: What's another word for "sputum"?
Answer: phlegm

Question: One of the two standard acid-fast staining techniques is the Kinyoun stain; what's the other?
Answer: Ziehl–Neelsen stain

Question: What color will acid-fast bacilli become when stained?
Answer: bright red

Question: What's the term for bacillus that can be exposed to acidic solutions without losing their stains?
Answer: acid-fast

Question: If a scientist didn't want to use an acid-fast staining technique, what type of microscopy could they use instead?
Answer: fluorescence
Title: Tuberculosis

The M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) includes four other TB-causing mycobacteria: M. bovis, M. africanum, M. canetti, and M. microti. M. africanum is not widespread, but it is a significant cause of tuberculosis in parts of Africa. M. bovis was once a common cause of tuberculosis, but the introduction of pasteurized milk has almost completely eliminated this as a public health problem in developed countries. M. canetti is rare and seems to be limited to the Horn of Africa, although a few cases have been seen in African emigrants. M. microti is also rare and is seen almost only in immunodeficient people, although its prevalence may be significantly underestimated.

Question: Which mycobacterium that causes TB can often be found in unpasteurized milk?
Answer: M. bovis

Question: Which one of the tuberculosis mycobacteria is associated with the Horn of Africa?
Answer: M. canetti

Question: Which of the four TB-causing bacteria do scientists think might be more common than we know?
Answer: M. microti

Question: What bacterium has the name of the country it affects most in its name?
Answer: M. africanum
Title: Tuberculosis

People with prolonged, frequent, or close contact with people with TB are at particularly high risk of becoming infected, with an estimated 22% infection rate. A person with active but untreated tuberculosis may infect 10–15 (or more) other people per year. Transmission should occur from only people with active TB – those with latent infection are not thought to be contagious. The probability of transmission from one person to another depends upon several factors, including the number of infectious droplets expelled by the carrier, the effectiveness of ventilation, the duration of exposure, the virulence of the M. tuberculosis strain, the level of immunity in the uninfected person, and others. The cascade of person-to-person spread can be circumvented by segregating those with active ("overt") TB and putting them on anti-TB drug regimens. After about two weeks of effective treatment, subjects with nonresistant active infections generally do not remain contagious to others. If someone does become infected, it typically takes three to four weeks before the newly infected person becomes infectious enough to transmit the disease to others.

Question: If you're around someone with active TB, what's the chance you'll contract it expressed as a percentage?
Answer: 22%

Question: Left untreated, about how many people could contract tuberculosis from an active TB patient in a year?
Answer: 10–15

Question: About how long will a TB patient receiving effective treatment stay contagious?
Answer: two weeks

Question: If you contracted tuberculosis today, what's the estimated gestation period before you could spread the infection to others?
Answer: three to four weeks

Question: What term is interchangeable with "active" when talking about tuberculosis infection?
Answer: overt
Title: Tuberculosis

TB infection begins when the mycobacteria reach the pulmonary alveoli, where they invade and replicate within endosomes of alveolar macrophages. Macrophages identify the bacterium as foreign and attempt to eliminate it by phagocytosis. During this process, the bacterium is enveloped by the macrophage and stored temporarily in a membrane-bound vesicle called a phagosome. The phagosome then combines with a lysosome to create a phagolysosome. In the phagolysosome, the cell attempts to use reactive oxygen species and acid to kill the bacterium. However, M. tuberculosis has a thick, waxy mycolic acid capsule that protects it from these toxic substances. M. tuberculosis is able to reproduce inside the macrophage and will eventually kill the immune cell.

Question: What specific part of the lungs marks the start of tuberculosis infection?
Answer: pulmonary alveoli

Question: What's the process by which macrophages try to get rid of the TB bacterium?
Answer: phagocytosis

Question: What do you get when you combine a lysosome and a phagosome?
Answer: a phagolysosome

Question: What does the M. tuberculosis bacterium have that protects it from being affected by toxins?
Answer: mycolic acid capsule

Question: What vesicle is the temporary holding room for the M. tuberculosis bacterium during phagocytosis?
Answer: phagosome
Title: Tuberculosis

The primary site of infection in the lungs, known as the "Ghon focus", is generally located in either the upper part of the lower lobe, or the lower part of the upper lobe. Tuberculosis of the lungs may also occur via infection from the blood stream. This is known as a Simon focus and is typically found in the top of the lung. This hematogenous transmission can also spread infection to more distant sites, such as peripheral lymph nodes, the kidneys, the brain, and the bones. All parts of the body can be affected by the disease, though for unknown reasons it rarely affects the heart, skeletal muscles, pancreas, or thyroid.

Question: What two-word phrase is used for the main part of the lungs infected by TB?
Answer: Ghon focus

Question: If the lungs are infected by TB via bloodstream, what's the type of focus?
Answer: Simon focus

Question: In what general area of the lungs is SImon focus usually located?
Answer: the top

Question: What is the term that describes a blood-borne infection, like TB when it travels through the blood to the kidneys or brain?
Answer: hematogenous

Question: Four areas of the body are usually safe from TB infection, including skeletal muscles, heart, and thyroid; what's the fourth?
Answer: pancreas