rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: Kathmandu

Kathmandu is dissected by eight rivers, the main river of the valley, the Bagmati and its tributaries, of which the Bishnumati, Dhobi Khola, Manohara Khola, Hanumant Khola, and Tukucha Khola are predominant. The mountains from where these rivers originate are in the elevation range of 1,500–3,000 metres (4,900–9,800 ft), and have passes which provide access to and from Kathmandu and its valley. An ancient canal once flowed from Nagarjuna hill through Balaju to Kathmandu; this canal is now extinct.

Question: How many rivers travel through Kathmandu?
Answer: eight

Question: Where did the canal that once terminated in Kathmandu originate?
Answer: Nagarjuna hill

Question: How many feet high are the mountains from which the Bagmati flows?
Answer: 4,900–9,800
Title: Kathmandu

The agglomeration of Kathmandu has not yet been officially defined. The urban area of the Kathmandu valley is split among three different districts (collections of local government units within a zone) which extend very little beyond the valley fringe, except towards the southern ranges, which have comparatively small population. They have the three highest population densities in the country. Within the districts lie VDCs (villages), 3 municipalities (Bhaktapur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi), 1 sub-metropolitan city (Lalitpur), and 1 metropolitan city (Kathmandu). Some district subdivisions remain legally villages yet are densely populated, Gonggabu VDC notably recorded a density over 20,000 people/km2. (2011 census). The following data table describes the districts considered part of the agglomeration:

Question: How many districts make up the Kathmandu Valley urban area?
Answer: three

Question: What are Madhyapur Thimi, Kirtipur and Bhaktapur?
Answer: municipalities

Question: How many sub-metropolitan cities are present in the districts that make up the Kathmandu valley?
Answer: 1

Question: About how many people live in a square kilometer in Gonggabu VDC?
Answer: 20,000

Question: What is another term for VDCs?
Answer: villages
Title: Kathmandu

Five major climatic regions are found in Nepal. Of these, Kathmandu Valley is in the Warm Temperate Zone (elevation ranging from 1,200–2,300 metres (3,900–7,500 ft)), where the climate is fairly temperate, atypical for the region. This zone is followed by the Cool Temperate Zone with elevation varying between 2,100–3,300 metres (6,900–10,800 ft). Under Köppen's climate classification, portions of the city with lower elevations have a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), while portions of the city with higher elevations generally have a subtropical highland climate. In the Kathmandu Valley, which is representative of its valley's climate, the average summer temperature varies from 28–30 °C (82–86 °F). The average winter temperature is 10.1 °C (50.2 °F).

Question: What is the Kathmandu Valley's average temperature in winter, in degrees Fahrenheit?
Answer: 50.2

Question: Along with a subtropical highland climate, what climate classification covers Kathmandu?
Answer: humid subtropical climate

Question: What is the Köppen abbreviation for a humid subtropical climate?
Answer: Cwa

Question: How many meters up is the Cool Temperate Zone?
Answer: 2,100–3,300

Question: How many significant climate regions exist in Nepal?
Answer: Five
Title: Kathmandu

The city generally has a climate with warm days followed by cool nights and mornings. Unpredictable weather is expected, given that temperatures can drop to 1 °C (34 °F) or less during the winter. During a 2013 cold front, the winter temperatures of Kathmandu dropped to −4 °C (25 °F), and the lowest temperature was recorded on January 10, 2013, at −9.2 °C (15.4 °F). Rainfall is mostly monsoon-based (about 65% of the total concentrated during the monsoon months of June to August), and decreases substantially (100 to 200 cm (39 to 79 in)) from eastern Nepal to western Nepal. Rainfall has been recorded at about 1,400 millimetres (55.1 in) for the Kathmandu valley, and averages 1,407 millimetres (55.4 in) for the city of Kathmandu. On average humidity is 75%. The chart below is based on data from the Nepal Bureau of Standards & Meteorology, "Weather Meteorology" for 2005. The chart provides minimum and maximum temperatures during each month. The annual amount of precipitation was 1,124 millimetres (44.3 in) for 2005, as per monthly data included in the table above. The decade of 2000-2010 saw highly variable and unprecedented precipitation anomalies in Kathmandu. This was mostly due to the annual variation of the southwest monsoon.[citation needed] For example, 2003 was the wettest year ever in Kathmandu, totalling over 2,900 mm (114 in) of precipitation due to an exceptionally strong monsoon season. In contrast, 2001 recorded only 356 mm (14 in) of precipitation due to an extraordinarily weak monsoon season.

Question: What sort of temperature is typical on a Kathmandu morning?
Answer: cool

Question: About what percentage of Kathmandu's annual rainfall falls during the monsoon months?
Answer: 65

Question: On what date in 2013 was it 15.4 degrees Fahrenheit in Kathmandu?
Answer: January 10

Question: In what months does the monsoon occur in Nepal?
Answer: June to August

Question: In what year did the most rain in recorded history fall on Kathmandu?
Answer: 2003
Title: Kathmandu

The location and terrain of Kathmandu have played a significant role in the development of a stable economy which spans millennia. The city is located in an ancient lake basin, with fertile soil and flat terrain. This geography helped form a society based on agriculture. This, combined with its location between India and China, helped establish Kathmandu as an important trading center over the centuries. Kathmandu's trade is an ancient profession that flourished along an offshoot of the Silk Road which linked India and Tibet. From centuries past, Lhasa Newar merchants of Kathmandu have conducted trade across the Himalaya and contributed to spreading art styles and Buddhism across Central Asia. Other traditional occupations are farming, metal casting, woodcarving, painting, weaving, and pottery.

Question: What religion proliferated throughout Central Asia in part due to the efforts of Lhasa Newar merchants?
Answer: Buddhism

Question: Existing between what two countries contributed to Kathmandu becoming a center of trade?
Answer: India and China

Question: Other than trade, what was the traditional basis of Kathmandu's economy?
Answer: agriculture
Title: Kathmandu

The economic output of the metropolitan area alone is worth more than one third of national GDP around $6.5billion in terms of nominal GDP NR.s 550 billion approximately per year $2200 per capital income approx three times national average. Kathmandu exports handicrafts, artworks, garments, carpets, pashmina, paper; trade accounts for 21% of its finances.[which?] Manufacturing is also important and accounts for 19% of the revenue that Kathmandu generates. Garments and woolen carpets are the most notable manufactured products. Other economic sectors in Kathmandu include agriculture (9%), education (6%), transport (6%), and hotels and restaurants (5%). Kathmandu is famous for lokta paper and pashmina shawls.

Question: Approximately what portion of Nepal's GDP is produced by the Kathmandu metropolitan area?
Answer: one third

Question: What do Kathmandu residents earn per capita each year?
Answer: $2200

Question: What is the GDP of Kathmandu?
Answer: 6.5billion

Question: What percentage of Kathmandu's economy is trade?
Answer: 21

Question: What portion of Kathmandu's economy consists of agriculture?
Answer: 9%
Title: Kathmandu

Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.

Question: Approximately when did the Nepalese tourism industry begin?
Answer: 1950

Question: What city was connected to Kathmandu via the Tribhuvan Highway?
Answer: Raxaul

Question: When did construction on the Tribhuvan Highway begin?
Answer: 1956
Title: Kathmandu

Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country.

Question: What is the most significant industry in Nepal?
Answer: tourism

Question: Along with Buddhists, what religion's devotees visit Kathmandu?
Answer: Hindu

Question: How many tourists visited Kathmandu in the period 1961-62?
Answer: 6,179

Question: What event led to an increase in tourism in 2009?
Answer: end of the Maoist insurgency

Question: What Nepalese mountains are claimed to attract tourists?
Answer: Himalayas
Title: Kathmandu

The neighbourhood of Thamel is Kathmandu's primary "traveller's ghetto", packed with guest houses, restaurants, shops, and bookstores, catering to tourists. Another neighbourhood of growing popularity is Jhamel, a name for Jhamsikhel coined to rhyme with Thamel. Jhochhen Tol, also known as Freak Street, is Kathmandu's original traveler's haunt, made popular by the hippies of the 1960s and 1970s; it remains a popular alternative to Thamel. Asan is a bazaar and ceremonial square on the old trade route to Tibet, and provides a fine example of a traditional neighbourhood.

Question: What Kathmandu neighborhood is noted for its abundance of tourists?
Answer: Thamel

Question: What neighborhood is also known as Jhamel?
Answer: Jhamsikhel

Question: What is the traditional name for Freak Street?
Answer: Jhochhen Tol

Question: What tourists first brought attention to Jhocchen Tol?
Answer: hippies
Title: Kathmandu

With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well.

Question: How many stars is Kathmandu's Grand Hotel?
Answer: four

Question: What type of hotel is Aloha Inn?
Answer: three-star

Question: De L'Annapurna is an example of what sort of hotel?
Answer: five-star

Question: What attractions are present at Hotel Yak & Yeti and the Hyatt Regency?
Answer: casinos
Title: Kathmandu

Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

Question: How many sectors make up the Kathmandu metropolitan area?
Answer: five

Question: What sector of Kathmandu doesn't have the word 'sector' in its name?
Answer: City Core

Question: What is the purpose of Kathmandu being divided into 35 wards?
Answer: civic administration

Question: How many members of the Council received their positions via nomination rather than election?
Answer: 20

Question: How many hectares in size is Kathmandu's ward 26?
Answer: 4
Title: Kathmandu

The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

Question: What is Kathmandu's fire department called?
Answer: Barun Yantra Karyalaya

Question: What year saw the founding of Kathmandu's fire department?
Answer: 1937

Question: When did Bhaktapur receive coverage from the fire department?
Answer: 1944

Question: How many fire trucks did West Germany donate to Kathmandu?
Answer: seven

Question: What is the mission of FAN?
Answer: raising public awareness about fire and improving safety
Title: Kathmandu

Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this population growth, the KMC-controlled area of 5,076.6 hectares (12,545 acres) has expanded to 8,214 hectares (20,300 acres) in 2001. With this new area, the population density which was 85 in 1991 is still 85 in 2001; it is likely to jump to 111 in 2011 and 161 in 2021.

Question: What was the population of Kathmandu in 1991?
Answer: 427,045

Question: About how many people are likely to live in Kathmandu in 2021?
Answer: 1,319,597

Question: How dense was the population of Kathmandu in 1991?
Answer: 85

Question: How many acres of land did the KMC control in 2001?
Answer: 20,300
Title: Kathmandu

The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . Tamangs originating from surrounding hill districts can be seen in Kathmandu. More recently, other hill ethnic groups and Caste groups from Terai have come to represent a substantial proportion of the city's population. The major languages are Nepali and Nepal Bhasa, while English is understood by many, particularly in the service industry. The major religions are Hinduism and Buddhism.

Question: What percentage of Kathmandu residents are Chettris?
Answer: 18.5

Question: What is the third largest ethnic group in Kathmandu?
Answer: Khas Brahmins

Question: What are Kathmandu's primary religions?
Answer: Hinduism and Buddhism

Question: What Kathmandu industry is particularly known for its English speakers?
Answer: service

Question: Along with Nepali, what is Kathmandu's main language?
Answer: Nepal Bhasa
Title: Kathmandu

The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.

Question: What religion does Changunarayan belong to?
Answer: Hindu

Question: What Buddhist monuments are present at Boudhanath?
Answer: stupas

Question: How many acres are the Kathmandu valley monument zones?
Answer: 466.9

Question: In hectares, how large is the Kathmandu valley monument buffer zone?
Answer: 239.34

Question: When did the Kathmandu valley monuments receive WHS status?
Answer: 2006
Title: Kathmandu

The literal meaning of Durbar Square is a "place of palaces". There are three preserved Durbar Squares in Kathmandu valley and one unpreserved in Kirtipur. The Durbar Square of Kathmandu is located in the old city and has heritage buildings representing four kingdoms (Kantipur, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kirtipur); the earliest is the Licchavi dynasty. The complex has 50 temples and is distributed in two quadrangles of the Durbar Square. The outer quadrangle has the Kasthamandap, Kumari Ghar, and Shiva-Parvati Temple; the inner quadrangle has the Hanuman Dhoka palace. The squares were severely damaged in the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.

Question: Where is a Durban Square located that is not preserved?
Answer: Kirtipur

Question: What is the oldest dynasty to be represented with buildings in Kathmandu's Durbar Square?
Answer: Licchavi

Question: How many temples are present in Kathmandu's Durbar Square?
Answer: 50

Question: When did a notable earthquake occur that damaged Kathmandu's Durbar Square?
Answer: April 2015

Question: How many kingdoms have buildings present in the Durbar Square of Kathmandu?
Answer: four
Title: Kathmandu

Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

Question: What is Durga called in Nepali?
Answer: Taleju

Question: How long is Kumari believed to incarnate Taleju?
Answer: until she menstruates

Question: Who was the Royal Kumari as of late 2008?
Answer: Matina Shakya

Question: What type of government did Nepal have after the monarchy?
Answer: Maoist
Title: Kathmandu

The Pashupatinath Temple is a famous 5th century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva (Pashupati). Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It served as the seat of national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal was secularized. However, a significant part of the temple was destroyed by Mughal invaders in the 14th century and little or nothing remains of the original 5th-century temple exterior. The temple as it stands today was built in the 19th century, although the image of the bull and the black four-headed image of Pashupati are at least 300 years old. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Shivaratri, or the night of Lord Shiva, is the most important festival that takes place here, attracting thousands of devotees and sadhus.[citation needed]

Question: When was the Pashupatinath Temple built?
Answer: 5th century

Question: What faith does the Pashupatinath Temple serve?
Answer: Hindu

Question: What is another name for Pashupati?
Answer: Lord Shiva

Question: Prior to the secularization of Nepal, who was the country's national god?
Answer: Lord Pashupatinath

Question: Who damaged the Pashupatinath Temple in the 14th century?
Answer: Mughal invaders
Title: Kathmandu

Believers in Pashupatinath (mainly Hindus) are allowed to enter the temple premises, but non-Hindu visitors are allowed to view the temple only from the across the Bagmati River. The priests who perform the services at this temple have been Brahmins from Karnataka, South India since the time of Malla king Yaksha Malla. This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankaracharya who sought to unify the states of Bharatam (Unified India) by encouraging cultural exchange. This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.

Question: What people make up the majority of Pashupatinath followers?
Answer: Hindus

Question: In what part of India do the Pashupatinath priests originate?
Answer: South

Question: What dynasty did Yaksha Malla belong to?
Answer: Malla

Question: Who supposedly encouraged the usage of Karnataka Brahmin priests at Pashupatinath Temple?
Answer: Adi Shankaracharya

Question: What is another term for Bharatam?
Answer: Unified India
Title: Kathmandu

The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

Question: To what religion is Boudhanath holy?
Answer: Buddhist

Question: What do the Newars call Boudhanath?
Answer: Khāsti

Question: What is Boudhanath called in Nepali?
Answer: Bauddha or Bodhnāth

Question: How far is Boudhanath from Kathmandu in miles?
Answer: 7

Question: When did UNESCO make Boudhanath a World Heritage Site?
Answer: 1979