rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx's evolution from a hot bed of Latin jazz to an incubator of hip hop was the subject of an award-winning documentary, produced by City Lore and broadcast on PBS in 2006, "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale". Hip Hop first emerged in the South Bronx in the early 1970s. The New York Times has identified 1520 Sedgwick Avenue "an otherwise unremarkable high-rise just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway" as a starting point, where DJ Kool Herc presided over parties in the community room.

Question: When did a PBS documentary air about the Bronx's music history?
Answer: 2006

Question: What PBS documentary covered the Bronx's music history?
Answer: "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale"

Question: Where did DJ Kool Herc hold parties?
Answer: 1520 Sedgwick Avenue

Question: Who produced 'From Mambo To Hip Hop'?
Answer: City Lore

Question: Where is 1520 Sedgwick?
Answer: just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway
Title: The_Bronx

Beginning with the advent of beat match DJing, in which Bronx DJs (Disc Jockeys) including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa and DJ Kool Herc extended the breaks of funk records, a major new musical genre emerged that sought to isolate the percussion breaks of hit funk, disco and soul songs. As hip hop's popularity grew, performers began speaking ("rapping") in sync with the beats, and became known as MCs or emcees. The Herculoids, made up of Herc, Coke La Rock, and DJ Clark Kent, were the earliest to gain major fame. The Bronx is referred to in hip-hop slang as "The Boogie Down Bronx", or just "The Boogie Down". This was hip-hop pioneer KRS-One's inspiration for his thought provoking group BDP, or Boogie Down Productions, which included DJ Scott La Rock. Newer hip hop artists from the Bronx include Big Pun, Lord Toriq and Peter Gunz, Camp Lo, Swizz Beatz, Drag-On, Fat Joe, Terror Squad and Corey Gunz.

Question: Who were the Herculoids?
Answer: Herc, Coke La Rock, and DJ Clark Kent

Question: What is 'The Boogie Down'?
Answer: The Bronx

Question: Where is Big Pun from?
Answer: the Bronx

Question: What types of music did hip hop emerge from?
Answer: funk, disco and soul

Question: Who started BDP?
Answer: KRS-One
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx is the home of the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball. The original Yankee Stadium opened in 1923 on 161st Street and River Avenue, a year that saw the Yankees bring home their first of 27 World Series Championships. With the famous facade, the short right field porch and Monument Park, Yankee Stadium has been home to many of baseball's greatest players including Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera.

Question: When did the first Yankee Stadium open?
Answer: 1923

Question: Where was the first Yankee Stadium?
Answer: on 161st Street and River Avenue

Question: How many times have the Yankees won the World Series?
Answer: 27

Question: Which historic great players have played at Yankee Stadium?
Answer: Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera

Question: What league are the NY Yankees in?
Answer: Major League Baseball
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx is home to several Off-Off-Broadway theaters, many staging new works by immigrant playwrights from Latin America and Africa. The Pregones Theater, which produces Latin American work, opened a new 130-seat theater in 2005 on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx. Some artists from elsewhere in New York City have begun to converge on the area, and housing prices have nearly quadrupled in the area since 2002. However rising prices directly correlate to a housing shortage across the city and the entire metro area.

Question: Where are many of the Bronx's playwrights from?
Answer: Latin America and Africa

Question: How many seats does the Pregones' new theater have?
Answer: 130

Question: What does the Pregones specialize in?
Answer: Latin American work

Question: When did the Pregones' new theater open?
Answer: 2005

Question: Where is the Pregones' new theater?
Answer: on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx Museum of the Arts, founded in 1971, exhibits 20th century and contemporary art through its central museum space and 11,000 square feet (1,000 m2) of galleries. Many of its exhibitions are on themes of special interest to the Bronx. Its permanent collection features more than 800 works of art, primarily by artists from Africa, Asia and Latin America, including paintings, photographs, prints, drawings, and mixed media. The museum was temporarily closed in 2006 while it underwent a major expansion designed by the architectural firm Arquitectonica.

Question: What types of art does the Bronx Museum of the Arts focus on?
Answer: 20th century and contemporary art

Question: How large are the Bronx Museum of the Arts' galleries?
Answer: 11,000 square feet

Question: When did the Bronx Museum of the Arts open?
Answer: 1971

Question: How many works are in the Bronx Museum of the Arts' permanent collection?
Answer: more than 800

Question: Who designed the Bronx Museum of the Arts' 2006 expansion?
Answer: Arquitectonica
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx has also become home to a peculiar poetic tribute, in the form of the Heinrich Heine Memorial, better known as the Lorelei Fountain from one of Heine's best-known works (1838). After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. However, this intention was thwarted by a combination of ethnic antagonism, aesthetic controversy and political struggles over the institutional control of public art.

Question: When was the Lorelei Fountain written about?
Answer: 1838

Question: Where was Heinrich Heine born?
Answer: Düsseldorf

Question: When was Heine born?
Answer: 1797

Question: When did Heine die?
Answer: 1856

Question: What ethnicity is Carl Schurz?
Answer: German-American
Title: The_Bronx

In 1899, the memorial, by the Berlin sculptor Ernst Gustav Herter (1846–1917), finally came to rest, although subject to repeated vandalism, in the Bronx, at 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park near today's Yankee Stadium. (In 1999, it was moved to 161st Street and the Concourse.) In 2007, Christopher Gray of The New York Times described it as "a writhing composition in white Tyrolean marble depicting Lorelei, the mythical German figure, surrounded by mermaids, dolphins and seashells."

Question: When did Herter die?
Answer: 1917

Question: When was Herter born?
Answer: 1846

Question: What was Herter's career?
Answer: sculptor

Question: Where was Herter's Heine memorial placed in 1899?
Answer: 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park

Question: Where was Herter's Heine memorial moved in 1999?
Answer: 161st Street and the Concourse
Title: The_Bronx

The peninsular borough's maritime heritage is acknowledged in several ways.The City Island Historical Society and Nautical Museum occupies a former public school designed by the New York City school system's turn-of-the-last-century master architect C. B. J. Snyder. The state's Maritime College in Fort Schuyler (on the southeastern shore) houses the Maritime Industry Museum. In addition, the Harlem River is reemerging as "Scullers' Row" due in large part to the efforts of the Bronx River Restoration Project, a joint public-private endeavor of the city's parks department. Canoeing and kayaking on the borough's namesake river have been promoted by the Bronx River Alliance. The river is also straddled by the New York Botanical Gardens, its neighbor, the Bronx Zoo, and a little further south, on the west shore, Bronx River Art Center.

Question: Who designed the City Island Historical Society and Nautical Museum's building?
Answer: C. B. J. Snyder

Question: Where is the NY Maritime College?
Answer: Fort Schuyler

Question: What was the City Island Historical Society and Nautical Museum's building originally?
Answer: a former public school

Question: What is 'Scullers' Row'?
Answer: the Harlem River

Question: Which river is near the New York Botanical Gardens?
Answer: Bronx River
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx has several local newspapers, including The Bronx News, Parkchester News, City News, The Riverdale Press, Riverdale Review, The Bronx Times Reporter, Inner City Press  (which now has more of a focus on national issues) and Co-Op City Times. Four non-profit news outlets, Norwood News, Mount Hope Monitor, Mott Haven Herald and The Hunts Point Express serve the borough's poorer communities. The editor and co-publisher of The Riverdale Press, Bernard Stein, won the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues in 1998. (Stein graduated from the Bronx High School of Science in 1959.)

Question: What does the Inner City Press now focus on?
Answer: national issues

Question: Who is the Riverdale Press's editor?
Answer: Bernard Stein

Question: Why did Stein win a Pulitzer?
Answer: for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues

Question: When did Stein win a Pulitzer?
Answer: 1998

Question: Where did Stein graduate from?
Answer: the Bronx High School of Science
Title: The_Bronx

The City of New York has an official television station run by the NYC Media Group and broadcasting from Bronx Community College, and Cablevision operates News 12 The Bronx, both of which feature programming based in the Bronx. Co-op City was the first area in the Bronx, and the first in New York beyond Manhattan, to have its own cable television provider. The local public-access television station BronxNet originates from Herbert H. Lehman College, the borough's only four year CUNY school, and provides government-access television (GATV) public affairs programming in addition to programming produced by Bronx residents.

Question: What channel in the Bronx does Cablevision run?
Answer: News 12 The Bronx

Question: Where is the official city TV station broadcast from?
Answer: Bronx Community College

Question: What is the Bronx's only 4-year CUNY college?
Answer: Herbert H. Lehman College
Title: The_Bronx

Mid-20th century movies set in the Bronx portrayed densely settled, working-class, urban culture. Hollywood films such as From This Day Forward (1946), set in Highbridge, occasionally delved into Bronx life. Paddy Chayefsky's Academy Award-winning Marty was the most notable examination of working class Bronx life was also explored by Chayefsky in his 1956 film The Catered Affair, and in the 1993 Robert De Niro/Chazz Palminteri film, A Bronx Tale, Spike Lee's 1999 movie Summer of Sam, centered in an Italian-American Bronx community, 1994's I Like It Like That that takes place in the predominantly Puerto Rican neighborhood of the South Bronx, and Doughboys, the story of two Italian-American brothers in danger of losing their bakery thanks to one brother's gambling debts.

Question: When was 'From This Day Forward' released?
Answer: 1946

Question: Where was 'From This Day Forward' set?
Answer: Highbridge

Question: When was 'The Catered Affair' released?
Answer: 1956

Question: What did 'The Catered Affair' explore?
Answer: working class Bronx life

Question: What was 'Summer of Sam' about?
Answer: an Italian-American Bronx community
Title: The_Bronx

Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousness with Game Two of the 1977 World Series, when a fire broke out near Yankee Stadium as the team was playing the Los Angeles Dodgers. Numerous fires had previously broken out in the Bronx prior to this fire. As the fire was captured on live television, announcer Howard Cosell is wrongly remembered to have said something like, "There it is, ladies and gentlemen: the Bronx is burning". Historians of New York City frequently point to Cosell's remark as an acknowledgement of both the city and the borough's decline. A new feature-length documentary film by Edwin Pagan called Bronx Burning is in production in 2006, chronicling what led up to the numerous arson-for-insurance fraud fires of the 1970s in the borough.

Question: Where was arson a big problem in the Bronx?
Answer: the South Bronx

Question: When was the phrase "The Bronx is burning" first widespread?
Answer: 1974

Question: Who made a documentary called "The Bronx is burning"?
Answer: BBC

Question: Who published an editorial called "The Bronx is burning"?
Answer: New York Times

Question: Who made a film called 'Bronx Burning'?
Answer: Edwin Pagan
Title: The_Bronx

Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx, and have to fight their way out of the borough and get back to Coney Island in Brooklyn. A Bronx Tale (1993) depicts gang activities in the Belmont "Little Italy" section of the Bronx. The 2005 video game adaptation features levels called Pelham, Tremont, and "Gunhill" (a play off the name Gun Hill Road). This theme lends itself to the title of The Bronx Is Burning, an eight-part ESPN TV mini-series (2007) about the New York Yankees' drive to winning baseball's 1977 World Series. The TV series emphasizes the boisterous nature of the team, led by manager Billy Martin, catcher Thurman Munson and outfielder Reggie Jackson, as well as the malaise of the Bronx and New York City in general during that time, such as the blackout, the city's serious financial woes and near bankruptcy, the arson for insurance payments, and the election of Ed Koch as mayor.

Question: When was 'The Warriors' movie released?
Answer: 1979

Question: When was 'The Wanderers' published?
Answer: 1974

Question: When was 'A Bronx Tale' released?
Answer: 1993

Question: When was 'The Wanderers' movie released?
Answer: 1979

Question: When was 'The Wanderers' published?
Answer: 1974

Question: When was 'The Wanderers' movie released?
Answer: 1979

Question: When was 'The Warriors' movie released?
Answer: 1979

Question: When was 'A Bronx Tale' released?
Answer: 1993
Title: The_Bronx

The 1981 film Fort Apache, The Bronx is another film that used the Bronx's gritty image for its storyline. The movie's title is from the nickname for the 41st Police Precinct in the South Bronx which was nicknamed "Fort Apache". Also from 1981 is the horror film Wolfen making use of the rubble of the Bronx as a home for werewolf type creatures. Knights of the South Bronx, a true story of a teacher who worked with disadvantaged children, is another film also set in the Bronx released in 2005. The Bronx was the setting for the 1983 film Fuga dal Bronx, also known as Bronx Warriors 2 and Escape 2000, an Italian B-movie best known for its appearance on the television series Mystery Science Theatre 3000. The plot revolves around a sinister construction corporation's plans to depopulate, destroy and redevelop the Bronx, and a band of rebels who are out to expose the corporation's murderous ways and save their homes. The film is memorable for its almost incessant use of the phrase, "Leave the Bronx!" Many of the movie's scenes were filmed in Queens, substituting as the Bronx. Rumble in the Bronx was a 1995 Jackie Chan kung-fu film, another which popularised the Bronx to international audiences. Last Bronx, a 1996 Sega game played on the bad reputation of the Bronx to lend its name to an alternate version of post-Japanese bubble Tokyo, where crime and gang warfare is rampant.

Question: When was 'Fort Apache' released?
Answer: 1981

Question: When was 'Fuga dal Bronx' released?
Answer: 2005

Question: What origin was 'Escape 2000'?
Answer: Italian
Title: The_Bronx

Bronx native Nancy Savoca's 1989 comedy, True Love, explores two Italian-American Bronx sweethearts in the days before their wedding. The film, which debuted Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard as the betrothed couple, won the Grand Jury Prize at that year's Sundance Film Festival. The CBS television sitcom Becker, 1998–2004, was more ambiguous. The show starred Ted Danson as Dr. John Becker, a doctor who operated a small practice and was constantly annoyed by his patients, co-workers, friends, and practically everything and everybody else in his world. It showed his everyday life as a doctor working in a small clinic in the Bronx.

Question: When was 'True Love' released?
Answer: 1989

Question: What genre was 'True Love'?
Answer: comedy

Question: Who starred in 'True Love'?
Answer: Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard
Title: The_Bronx

Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; Robert De Niro was one of the patients who emerged from a catatonic (frozen) state. The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence. A 1973 Yorkshire Television documentary and "A Kind of Alaska", a 1985 play by Harold Pinter, were also based on Sacks' book.

Question: When did "Awakenings" come out?
Answer: 1990

Question: Whose real story is 'Awakenings' based on?
Answer: Oliver Sacks

Question: What is Sacks' career?
Answer: neurologist

Question: When was 'A Kind of Alaska' performed?
Answer: 1985

Question: Who wrote 'A Kind of Alaska'?
Answer: Harold Pinter
Title: The_Bronx

The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account of a Polish-Jewish girl in an immigrant family growing up before World War II, and living near Arthur Avenue and Tremont Avenue. In Jacob M. Appel's short story, "The Grand Concourse" (2007), a woman who grew up in the iconic Lewis Morris Building returns to the Morrisania neighborhood with her adult daughter. Similarly, in Avery Corman's book The Old Neighborhood (1980), an upper-middle class white protagonist returns to his birth neighborhood (Fordham Road and the Grand Concourse), and learns that even though the folks are poor, Hispanic and African-American, they are good people.

Question: When was 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' published?
Answer: 1948

Question: How much of 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' is set in the Bronx?
Answer: about half

Question: Who wrote 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder'?
Answer: Herman Wouk

Question: When was 'The Grand Concourse' published?
Answer: 2007

Question: Who wrote 'The Grand Concourse'?
Answer: Jacob M. Appel
Title: The_Bronx

By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County Courthouse. However, times change, and in 2007, the New York Times reported that "the Bronx neighborhoods near the site of Sherman's accident are now dotted with townhouses and apartments." In the same article, the Reverend Al Sharpton (whose fictional analogue in the novel is "Reverend Bacon") asserts that "twenty years later, the cynicism of The Bonfire of the Vanities is as out of style as Tom Wolfe's wardrobe."

Question: Who wrote 'Bonfire of the Vanities'?
Answer: Tom Wolfe

Question: When was 'Bonfire of the Vanities' published?
Answer: 1987

Question: Who was the main character of 'Bonfire of the Vanities'?
Answer: Sherman McCoy

Question: What race was Sherman McCoy?
Answer: white

Question: Where did McCoy get lost?
Answer: off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx
Title: Humanism

Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the successive intellectual movements which have identified with it. Generally, however, humanism refers to a perspective that affirms some notion of human freedom and progress. In modern times, humanist movements are typically aligned with secularism, and today humanism typically refers to a non-theistic life stance centred on human agency and looking to science rather than revelation from a supernatural source to understand the world.

Question: What can be seen as of essential importance to a practiced of humanism?
Answer: human beings

Question: What is a common tenant of humanism?
Answer: freedom and progress

Question:  What can be credited for the changes in the definition of humanism? 
Answer: intellectual movements

Question: These days humanism could be viewed as a form of what?
Answer: secularism

Question: Instead of turning to a spiritual or divine source practicers of humanism turn to what?
Answer: science
Title: Humanism

Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "polite" learning, or the Greek equivalent Paideia. Gellius became a favorite author in the Italian Renaissance, and, in fifteenth-century Italy, teachers and scholars of philosophy, poetry, and rhetoric were called and called themselves "humanists". Modern scholars, however, point out that Cicero (106 – 43 BCE), who was most responsible for defining and popularizing the term humanitas, in fact frequently used the word in both senses, as did his near contemporaries. For Cicero, a lawyer, what most distinguished humans from brutes was speech, which, allied to reason, could (and should) enable them to settle disputes and live together in concord and harmony under the rule of law. Thus humanitas included two meanings from the outset and these continue in the modern derivative, humanism, which even today can refer to both humanitarian benevolence and to scholarship.

Question: What was humanism once considered the same as?
Answer: philanthropy

Question: Who has disagreed with this connotation of the word?
Answer: Gellius

Question: In which period did Gellius gain fame?
Answer: Italian Renaissance

Question: Who is credited with clarifying and making the term humanitas commonplace?
Answer: Cicero

Question: What is the characteristic that most separates humans from animals?
Answer: speech