rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Office of the Federal Register publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. It also administers the Electoral College.

Question: What office publishes the Federal Register?
Answer: The Office of the Federal Register

Question: What office administers the Electoral College?
Answer: The Office of the Federal Register

Question: Which office publishes the Code of Federal Regulations?
Answer: The Office of the Federal Register

Question: Which office publishes the United States Statutes at Large?
Answer: The Office of the Federal Register
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)—the agency's grant-making arm—awards funds to state and local governments, public and private archives, colleges and universities, and other nonprofit organizations to preserve and publish historical records. Since 1964, the NHPRC has awarded some 4,500 grants.

Question: Which arm of NARA handles grants?
Answer: The National Historical Publications and Records Commission

Question: What year was The National Historical Publications and Records Commission established?
Answer: 1964

Question: About how many grants has the NHPRC awarded?
Answer: 4,500
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) is a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) resource for the public and the government. Congress has charged NARA with reviewing FOIA policies, procedures and compliance of Federal agencies and to recommend changes to FOIA. NARA's mission also includes resolving FOIA disputes between Federal agencies and requesters.

Question: OGIS provides what resource for the government and public?
Answer: FOIA

Question: What type of dispute does NARA typically resolve?
Answer: FOIA disputes

Question: NARA is ordered by congress to review what type of policies?
Answer: FOIA policies

Question: What types of recommendations does NARA provide to congress?
Answer: changes to FOIA
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Originally, each branch and agency of the U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in records loss and destruction. Congress established the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record keeping, with the Archivist of the United States as chief administrator. The National Archives was incorporated with GSA in 1949; in 1985 it became an independent agency as NARA (National Archives and Records Administration).

Question: What year was the National Archives Establishment established in?
Answer: 1934

Question: In what year did NARA become an independent agency?
Answer: 1985

Question: In what year was The National Archives merged with GSA?
Answer: 1949
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

Question: Who was the first Archivist at the National Archives?
Answer: R.D.W. Connor

Question: When did the first Archivist start at the National Archives?
Answer: 1934

Question: What branch of the US government established the National Archives?
Answer: Congress

Question: What commission merged the National Archives with GSA?
Answer: Hoover Commission

Question: The Archivist took on what role after the incorporation of the Nation Archives into GSA?
Answer: subordinate official
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In March 2006, it was revealed by the Archivist of the United States in a public hearing that a memorandum of understanding between NARA and various government agencies existed to "reclassify", i.e., withdraw from public access, certain documents in the name of national security, and to do so in a manner such that researchers would not be likely to discover the process (the U.S. reclassification program). An audit indicated that more than one third withdrawn since 1999 did not contain sensitive information. The program was originally scheduled to end in 2007.

Question: When was the reclassification program originally intended to end?
Answer: 2007

Question: How was the reclassification of documents in '06 revealed?
Answer: public hearing
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification.

Question: What year was Executive Order 13526 created?
Answer: 2010

Question: What Executive order created the National Declassification Center?
Answer: Executive Order 13526

Question: What was the aim of Executive Order 13526?
Answer: coordinate declassification practices
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

NARA's holdings are classed into "record groups" reflecting the governmental department or agency from which they originated. Records include paper documents, microfilm, still pictures, motion pictures, and electronic media.

Question: What types of groups are NARA's holdings classified into?
Answer: record groups

Question: Each record group is classified based on what?
Answer: governmental department or agency

Question: Besides films and other non-static media, what type of media is classified into a group?
Answer: documents

Question: Besides the general media and motion picture categories, which category contains media that is not static?
Answer: microfilm
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Question: Where are archival descriptions of holdings under the custody of NARA stored?
Answer: Archival Research Catalog (ARC)

Question: As of the end mid December of 2012, how many logical data records are stored at NARA?
Answer: 10 billion

Question: How many digital copies of previously digitized materials were there in December of 2012?
Answer: 922,000

Question: Archival descriptions include traditional paper holdings, electron records, and what?
Answer: artifacts

Question: The 10 billion logical data records are linked to how many artifacts?
Answer: 527,000
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Question: Most of NARA's holdings are available to sector?
Answer: public domain

Question: Federal government works are excluded from what legal protection?
Answer: copyright

Question: Some records at NARA are legally protected by what?
Answer: copyright

Question: What executive order directs agencies to declassify documents before sending them to NARA?
Answer: Executive Order 13526

Question: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?
Answer: Information Security Oversight Office
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research. This includes census records from 1790 to 1930, ships' passenger lists, and naturalization records.

Question: Besides census records and passenger lists, what NARA documents are particularly useful to genealogists?
Answer: naturalization records

Question: For what time period does NARA have census records available for?
Answer: 1790 to 1930
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, located north of the National Mall on Constitution Avenue in Washington, D.C., opened as its original headquarters in 1935. It holds the original copies of the three main formative documents of the United States and its government: the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. It also hosts a copy of the 1297 Magna Carta confirmed by Edward I. These are displayed to the public in the main chamber of the National Archives, which is called the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom. The National Archives Building also exhibits other important American historical documents such as the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, the Emancipation Proclamation, and collections of photography and other historically and culturally significant American artifacts.

Question: What is the informal name of The National Archives Building?
Answer: Archives I

Question: On what street is the The National Archives Building located?
Answer: Constitution Avenue

Question: Where is the Declaration of Independence kept?
Answer: The National Archives Building

Question: Where in the National Archives can you view a copy of the Magna Carta?
Answer: main chamber

Question: Where is the Louisiana Purchase Treaty kept?
Answer: The National Archives Building
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce. As a result, all filming, photographing, and videotaping by the public in the exhibition areas has been prohibited since February 25, 2010.

Question: Since when has all filming and photography in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom been banned?
Answer: February 25, 2010

Question: For how long has the National Archives prohibited flash photography?
Answer: over 30 years

Question: What is an aspect of a visit to the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Answer: no lines

Question: What has made the no photography rule hard to enforce in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Answer: advent of cameras with automatic flashes
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Because of space constraints, NARA opened a second facility, known informally as Archives II, in 1994 near the University of Maryland, College Park campus (8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001). Largely because of this proximity, NARA and the University of Maryland engage in cooperative initiatives. The College Park campus includes an archaeological site that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Question: What is the second facility of NARA named?
Answer: Archives II

Question: When was Archives II opened?
Answer: 1994

Question: What college is Archives II closest to?
Answer: University of Maryland

Question: What college does NARA have cooperatives initiatives with?
Answer: University of Maryland

Question: What campus of University of Maryland is listed on the National Register of Historic Places?
Answer: College Park campus
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park). Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times has elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room.

Question: Where is The Washington National Records Center located?
Answer: Suitland, Maryland

Question: What does The Washington National Records Center primarily store?
Answer: federal records

Question: After staying at the WNRC, where are records transferred to?
Answer: the National Archives

Question: What happens to temporary records at the WNRC if they are not retrieved by the end of the retention times?
Answer: destroyed

Question: Beyond the storage of federal records, what service does the WNRC provide?
Answer: research
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Archives Building in downtown Washington holds record collections such as all existing federal census records, ships' passenger lists, military unit records from the American Revolution to the Philippine–American War, records of the Confederate government, the Freedmen's Bureau records, and pension and land records.

Question: Where is the National Archives Building located?
Answer: downtown Washington

Question: What proportion of the federal census records in existence does the National Archives Building house?
Answer: all

Question: What's the latest war The National Archives Building has military unit records for?
Answer: Philippine–American War

Question: What's the earliest war The National Archives Building has military unit records for
Answer: American Revolution
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

There are facilities across the country with research rooms, archival holdings, and microfilms of documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region.

Question: What do the facilities designated to each area of the US specialize in?
Answer: documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region

Question: Microfilms of documents from federal agencies can be found where?
Answer: facilities across the country
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In addition, Federal Records Centers exist in each region that house materials owned by Federal agencies. Federal Records Centers are not open for public research. For example, the FRC in Lenexa, Kansas holds items from the treatment of John F. Kennedy after his fatal shooting in 1963.

Question: Where are some of the items relevant to JFKs medical treatments housed?
Answer: Federal Records Centers

Question: Federal Records Centers are particularly unhelpful to what type of research?
Answer: public

Question: Which Federal Records Center houses materials relevant to JFKs assassination? 
Answer: FRC in Lenexa, Kansas

Question: When was JFK shot?
Answer: 1963
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

NARA also maintains the Presidential Library system, a nationwide network of libraries for preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents since Herbert Hoover. The Presidential Libraries include:

Question: What agency maintains the Presidential Library system?
Answer: NARA

Question: What is the system that preserves the documents of US Presidents?
Answer: Presidential Library system

Question: Who is the earliest President that is represented in the archives of the Presidential Library system?
Answer: Herbert Hoover

Question: In what area of the US can one find the Presidential Library system libraries?
Answer: nationwide
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Libraries and museums have been established for other presidents, but they are not part of the NARA presidential library system, and are operated by private foundations, historical societies, or state governments, including the Abraham Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, William McKinley, Woodrow Wilson and Calvin Coolidge libraries. For example, the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is owned and operated by the state of Illinois.

Question: Libraries that are established for other presidents are operated by private foundations, historical societies, and what government entities?
Answer: state governments

Question: What state operates the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library?
Answer: Illinois

Question: What is the earliest President that NARA does not hold records for in its presidential library system?
Answer: Abraham Lincoln

Question: Abraham Lincoln's Presidential Library and Museum is operated by what type of entity?
Answer: state
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In an effort to make its holdings more widely available and more easily accessible, the National Archives began entering into public–private partnerships in 2006. A joint venture with Google will digitize and offer NARA video online. When announcing the agreement, Archivist Allen Weinstein said that this pilot program is

Question: In what year did the National Archives make strides towards making its holdings more widely available?
Answer: 2006

Question: What large internet company has partnered with NARA to digitize records?
Answer: Google

Question: What Archivist announced the partnership with Google?
Answer: Allen Weinstein

Question: What is Google helping NARA with?
Answer: digitize and offer NARA video online

Question: What is the aim of NARA in entering public-private partnerships?
Answer: to make its holdings more widely available
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

On January 10, 2007, the National Archives and Fold3.com (formerly Footnote) launched a pilot project to digitize historic documents from the National Archives holdings. Allen Weinstein explained that this partnership would "allow much greater access to approximately 4.5 million pages of important documents that are currently available only in their original format or on microfilm" and "would also enhance NARA's efforts to preserve its original records."

Question: In January of 2007, what internet company did the National Archives partner with?
Answer: Fold3.com

Question: What was the aim of the partnership with Fold3.com?
Answer: to digitize historic documents from the National Archives holdings

Question: What Archivist announced the partnership with Fold3?
Answer: Allen Weinstein

Question: Of all the benefits of the partnership with Fold3, what benefited the public at large the most?
Answer: much greater access

Question: What direct benefit did NARA itself gain from the partnership with Fold3?
Answer: enhance NARA's efforts to preserve its original records
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In July 2007, the National Archives announced it would make its collection of Universal Newsreels from 1929 to 1967 available for purchase through CreateSpace, an Amazon.com subsidiary. During the announcement, Weinstein noted that the agreement would "... reap major benefits for the public-at-large and for the National Archives." Adding, "While the public can come to our College Park, MD research room to view films and even copy them at no charge, this new program will make our holdings much more accessible to millions of people who cannot travel to the Washington, DC area." The agreement also calls for CreateSpace partnership to provide the National Archives with digital reference and preservation copies of the films as part of NARA's preservation program.

Question: In what year did the National Archives announce that it would make its collection of Universal Newsreels available for purchase online?
Answer: 2007

Question: What company did the National Archives partner with make it's Universal Newsreels available online?
Answer: CreateSpace

Question: Universal Newsreels dated from which year up to 1967 were made available through CreateSpace?
Answer: 1929
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In May 2008, the National Archives announced a five-year agreement to digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection, 1790–1930, passenger lists from 1820–1960 and WWI and WWII draft registration cards. The partnership agreement allows for exclusive use of the digitized records by Ancestry.com for a 5-year embargo period at which point the digital records will be turned over to the National Archives.

Question: What did the National Archives announce in May of 2008?
Answer: digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection

Question: Which genealogy website benefits by the May 2008 announcement?
Answer: Ancestry.com

Question: What happens after the 5 year embargo that allows Ancestry.com exclusive use of digitized records?
Answer: turned over to the National Archives
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

On June 18, 2009, the National Archives announced the launching of a YouTube channel "to showcase popular archived films, inform the public about upcoming events around the country, and bring National Archives exhibits to the people." Also in 2009, the National Archives launched a Flickr photostream to share portions of its photographic holdings with the general public. A new teaching with documents website premiered in 2010 and was developed by the education team. The website features 3,000 documents, images, and recordings from the holdings of the Archives. The site also features lesson plans and tools for creating new classroom activities and lessons.

Question: Which Google affiliated website did the National Archives decide to use in 2009?
Answer: YouTube

Question: What purpose does the National Archive YouTube channel serve?
Answer: showcase popular archived films

Question: What online service did the National Archives decide to use to showcase its photographic holdings?
Answer: Flickr

Question: The National Archives' educational team created a website in what year?
Answer: 2010
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In 2011 the National Archives initiated a Wikiproject on the English Wikipedia to expand collaboration in making its holdings widely available through Wikimedia.

Question: In 2011, what sort of Wikipedia addition did the National Archives make?
Answer: Wikiproject

Question: What was the purpose of creating a Wikiproject?
Answer: expand collaboration

Question: Whose idea was it for the National Archives to work with Wikimedia?
Answer: National Archives

Question: What benefit does public reap from the National Archives working with Wikimedia?
Answer: holdings widely available

Question: Which language was the Wikiproject primarily created in?
Answer: English
Title: Tristan_da_Cunha

Tristan da Cunha /ˈtrɪstən də ˈkuːnjə/, colloquially Tristan, is both a remote group of volcanic islands in the south Atlantic Ocean and the main island of that group. It is the most remote inhabited archipelago in the world, lying 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) from the nearest inhabited land, Saint Helena, 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) from the nearest continental land, South Africa, and 3,360 kilometres (2,090 mi) from South America. The territory consists of the main island, also named Tristan da Cunha, which has a north–south length of 11.27 kilometres (7.00 mi) and has an area of 98 square kilometres (38 sq mi), along with the smaller, uninhabited Nightingale Islands and the wildlife reserves of Inaccessible and Gough Islands.

Question: what type of islands are the Tristan da Cunha
Answer: volcanic

Question: where are the islands of Tristan da Cunha located?
Answer: south Atlantic Ocean

Question: how many square kilometres  is the island?
Answer: 98

Question: what type of island group are the islands?
Answer: archipelago