rajpurkar/squad huggingface dataset:
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member.

Question: In what year did Notre Dame create the Office of Sustainability?
Answer: 2008

Question: What percentage of the food served at Notre Dame is locally grown?
Answer: 40%

Question: Notre Dame got a "B" for its sustainability practices from which entity?
Answer: Sustainable Endowments Institute

Question: Gustavo Gutierrez is faculty of which institute?
Answer: Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in the former United University Club at 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square. The center enables the Colleges of Arts & Letters, Business Administration, Science, Engineering and the Law School to develop their own programs in London, as well as hosting conferences and symposia. Other Global Gateways are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome.

Question: In what year did Notre Dame first have a facility in England?
Answer: 1968

Question: At which location is the London Center operated by Notre Dame found?
Answer: 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square

Question: Notre Dame has a center in Beijing, what is it referred to as?
Answer: Global Gateways

Question: In what year did the Suffolk Street location start to house a Notre Dame facility?
Answer: 1998
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.

Question: What was Notre Dame's first college?
Answer: The College of Arts and Letters

Question: In what year was the The College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame created?
Answer: 1842

Question: In what year did the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame grant its first degree?
Answer: 1849

Question: On which university did Notre Dame base its curriculum on?
Answer: Saint Louis University

Question: How many BA majors does the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame offer?
Answer: 33
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.

Question: Which president at Notre Dame created the College of Science?
Answer: Father Patrick Dillon

Question: In what year was the Notre Dame College of Science formed?
Answer: 1865

Question: How many years long was a scientific course under Patrick Dillon at Notre Dame?
Answer: six years

Question: Which hall at Notre Dame contains the current College of Science?
Answer: Jordan Hall of Science

Question: How many undergrad students attend the College of Science at Notre Dame today?
Answer: over 1,200
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.

Question: In 1899 Notre Dame formed which college?
Answer: School of Architecture

Question: In what building is the current School of Architecture housed at Notre Dame?
Answer: Bond Hall

Question: What length is the course of study at the Notre Dame School of Architecture?
Answer: five-year

Question: In which location do students of the School of Architecture of Notre Dame spend their 3rd year?
Answer: Rome

Question: Which prestigious prize does the School of Architecture at Notre Dame give out?
Answer: Driehaus Architecture Prize
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.

Question: In what year did the opening of a theology library at Notre Dame occur?
Answer: 2015

Question: Where is the theology library at Notre Dame?
Answer: the first floor of Stanford Hall

Question: How many books are held by the Notre Dame libraries?
Answer: over three million volumes

Question: Currently where does Notre Dame's library rank in the nation?
Answer: one of the 100 largest
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.

Question: What caused many intellectual Catholics to leave europe in the 1930s?
Answer: The rise of Hitler and other dictators

Question: From where did Anton-Hermann Chroust come to reach Notre Dame?
Answer: Germany

Question: What field of study did Anton-Hermann Chroust specialize in?
Answer: classics and law

Question: Who did Waldemar Gurian receive his tutelage under while seeking his doctorate?
Answer: Max Scheler

Question: What was Ivan Meštrović known for being?
Answer: a renowned sculptor
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica.

Question: The school known as Notre Dame is known by a more lengthy name, what is it?
Answer: University of Notre Dame du

Question: What type of institution is the Notre Dame?
Answer: Catholic research university

Question: The French words Notre Dame du Lac translate to what in English?
Answer: Our Lady of the Lake

Question: Who is the patron saint of Notre Dame?
Answer: the Virgin Mary

Question: How large is Notre Dame in acres?
Answer: 1,250
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

Notre Dame rose to national prominence in the early 1900s for its Fighting Irish football team, especially under the guidance of the legendary coach Knute Rockne. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame and 13 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame and is considered one of the most famed and successful college football teams in history. Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The Notre Dame Victory March is often regarded as the most famous and recognizable collegiate fight song.

Question: What caused Notre Dame to become notable in the early 20th century?
Answer: its Fighting Irish football team

Question: Which 20th century Notre Dame football coach is most notable?
Answer: Knute Rockne

Question: Which athletic association are the student athletes at Notre Dame a part of?
Answer: NCAA Division I

Question: How many students at Notre Dame received the Heisman Trophy?
Answer: seven

Question: There were multiple students from Notre Dame who entered the Pro Football Hall of Fame, how many?
Answer: 13
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

Besides its prominence in sports, Notre Dame is also a large, four-year, highly residential research University, and is consistently ranked among the top twenty universities in the United States  and as a major global university. The undergraduate component of the university is organized into four colleges (Arts and Letters, Science, Engineering, Business) and the Architecture School. The latter is known for teaching New Classical Architecture and for awarding the globally renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize. Notre Dame's graduate program has more than 50 master's, doctoral and professional degree programs offered by the five schools, with the addition of the Notre Dame Law School and a MD-PhD program offered in combination with IU medical School. It maintains a system of libraries, cultural venues, artistic and scientific museums, including Hesburgh Library and the Snite Museum of Art. Over 80% of the university's 8,000 undergraduates live on campus in one of 29 single-sex residence halls, each with its own traditions, legacies, events and intramural sports teams. The university counts approximately 120,000 alumni, considered among the strongest alumni networks among U.S. colleges.

Question: Where among US universities does Notre Dame rank?
Answer: among the top twenty

Question: How many individual colleges are part of Notre Dame?
Answer: four

Question: Which prize does the Architecture School at Notre Dame give out?
Answer: Driehaus Architecture Prize

Question: How many doctorate and masters programs are available at Notre Dame?
Answer: more than 50

Question: Which art museum does Notre Dame administer?
Answer: Snite Museum of Art
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.

Question: In what year was Father Edward Sorin given two years to create a college?
Answer: 1842

Question: Which individual offered land to Father Edward Sorin?
Answer: Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière

Question: Which church was Father Edward Sorin representing?
Answer: the Congregation of the Holy Cross

Question: On what date did brothers from Holy Cross arrive at the future location of Notre Dame?
Answer: November 26, 1842

Question: Which structure was the first used for the purposes of the college?
Answer: Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The first degrees from the college were awarded in 1849. The university was expanded with new buildings to accommodate more students and faculty. With each new president, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate them. The original Main Building built by Sorin just after he arrived was replaced by a larger "Main Building" in 1865, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. Beginning in 1873, a library collection was started by Father Lemonnier. By 1879 it had grown to ten thousand volumes that were housed in the Main Building.

Question: In what year did the initial degrees get handed out at Notre Dame?
Answer: 1849

Question: In what year did the original Sorin built Main Building get replaced?
Answer: 1865

Question: Which individual began a library at Notre Dame?
Answer: Father Lemonnier

Question: In what year had the library at Notre Dame reach 10,000 books?
Answer: 1879

Question: In what year was the library at Notre Dame started?
Answer: 1873
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.

Question: Which television station finds its home at Notre Dame?
Answer: NDtv

Question: How many programs did NDtv feature in 2002?
Answer: one show

Question: Which radio station provides radio to the students of Notre Dame at 88.9 FM?
Answer: WSND-FM

Question: Which internet radio station of Notre Dame is served as an internet stream?
Answer: WVFI
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development located adjacent to the University of Notre Dame campus and funded by the university, broke ground on June 3, 2008. The Eddy Street Commons drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The developer, Kite Realty out of Indianapolis, has made agreements with major national chains rather than local businesses, a move that has led to criticism from alumni and students.

Question: How much is Eddy Street Commons at Notre Dame expected to cost?
Answer: $215 million

Question: When was ground broke on the Eddy Street Commons Project of Notre Dame?
Answer: June 3, 2008

Question: Who is the developer of Eddy Street Commons?
Answer: Kite Realty

Question: Which entity did Notre Dame hire to build a parking structure outside of Eddy Street Commons?
Answer: the City of South Bend

Question: There were protested as a part of the construction at Eddy Street Commons, they came due tot he hiring of whom?
Answer: non-union workers
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

Notre Dame teams are known as the Fighting Irish. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I, primarily competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for all sports since the 2013–14 school year. The Fighting Irish previously competed in the Horizon League from 1982-83 to 1985-86, and again from 1987-88 to 1994-95, and then in the Big East Conference through 2012–13. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, fencing, golf, lacrosse, rowing, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field and volleyball. The football team competes as an Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Independent since its inception in 1887. Both fencing teams compete in the Midwest Fencing Conference, and the men's ice hockey team competes in Hockey East.

Question: What does the acronym NCAA stand for?
Answer: National Collegiate Athletic Association

Question: Which league did Notre Dame Fighting Irish teams participate in in 1982?
Answer: Horizon League

Question: What when conference do the Notre Dame fencing teams take part in?
Answer: Midwest Fencing Conference

Question: There is a conference that the male hockey team of Notre Dame competes in, what is it?
Answer: Hockey East

Question: In what conference did the Fighting Irish take part in in 2012?
Answer: Big East Conference
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

Notre Dame's conference affiliations for all of its sports except football and fencing changed in July 2013 as a result of major conference realignment, and its fencing affiliation will change in July 2014. The Irish left the Big East for the ACC during a prolonged period of instability in the Big East; while they maintain their football independence, they have committed to play five games per season against ACC opponents. In ice hockey, the Irish were forced to find a new conference home after the Big Ten Conference's decision to add the sport in 2013–14 led to a cascade of conference moves that culminated in the dissolution of the school's former hockey home, the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, after the 2012–13 season. Notre Dame moved its hockey team to Hockey East. After Notre Dame joined the ACC, the conference announced it would add fencing as a sponsored sport beginning in the 2014–15 school year. There are many theories behind the adoption of the athletics moniker but it is known that the Fighting Irish name was used in the early 1920s with respect to the football team and was popularized by alumnus Francis Wallace in his New York Daily News columns. The official colors of Notre Dame are Navy Blue and Gold Rush which are worn in competition by its athletic teams. In addition, the color green is often worn because of the Fighting Irish nickname. The Notre Dame Leprechaun is the mascot of the athletic teams. Created by Theodore W. Drake in 1964, the leprechaun was first used on the football pocket schedule and later on the football program covers. The leprechaun was featured on the cover of Time in November 1964 and gained national exposure.

Question: To what conference did the Fighting Irish go after the Big East?
Answer: the ACC

Question: How many teams in each season do the Fighting Irish commit to play against ACC opponents?
Answer: five

Question: Where did the Fighting Irish hockey team compete prior to a move to Hockey East, in terms of conference?
Answer: Central Collegiate Hockey Association

Question: What colors are the official ones used by Notre Dame in sport competition?
Answer: Navy Blue and Gold Rush

Question: What type of mascot do the Notre Dame sport teams have?
Answer: Leprechaun
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

On July 1, 2014, the University of Notre Dame and Under Armour reached an agreement in which Under Armour will provide uniforms, apparel,equipment, and monetary compensation to Notre Dame for 10 years. This contract, worth almost $100 million, is the most lucrative in the history of the NCAA. The university marching band plays at home games for most of the sports. The band, which began in 1846 and has a claim as the oldest university band in continuous existence in the United States, was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The band regularly plays the school's fight song the Notre Dame Victory March, which was named as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois Professor William Studwell. According to College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology published in 1998, the "Notre Dame Victory March" ranks as the greatest fight song of all time.

Question: Who currently provides uniforms to Notre Dame sport teams?
Answer: Under Armour

Question: What is the value of the contract between Under Armour and Notre Dame?
Answer: almost $100 million

Question: When did the Notre Dame marching band form?
Answer: 1846

Question: What is notable about the Notre Dame marching band?
Answer: oldest university band in continuous existence in the United States

Question: What is the Notre Dame fight song?
Answer: Notre Dame Victory March
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame

The Notre Dame football team has a long history, first beginning when the Michigan Wolverines football team brought football to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students. In the long history since then, 13 Fighting Irish teams have won consensus national championships (although the university only claims 11), along with another nine teams being named national champion by at least one source. Additionally, the program has the most members in the College Football Hall of Fame, is tied with Ohio State University with the most Heisman Trophies won, and have the highest winning percentage in NCAA history. With the long history, Notre Dame has accumulated many rivals, and its annual game against USC for the Jeweled Shillelagh has been named by some as one of the most important in college football and is often called the greatest intersectional rivalry in college football in the country.

Question: Which team did Notre Dame's football team find inspiration from?
Answer: Michigan Wolverines football team

Question: In what year did Notre Dame football begin?
Answer: 1887

Question: What university is Notre Dame tied with in terms of most Heisman Trophy winners?
Answer: Ohio State University

Question: Against which team does Notre Dame compete for the Jeweled Shillelagh?
Answer: USC

Question: In terms of Notre Dame students in the College Football Hall of Fame the amount of students named is what ?
Answer: the most