rainbutterfly/cve_corpus huggingface dataset:
CVE-2021-47082 tun: avoid double free in tun_free_netdev
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tun: avoid double free in tun_free_netdev

Avoid double free in tun_free_netdev() by moving the
dev->tstats and tun->security allocs to a new ndo_init routine
(tun_net_init()) that will be called by register_netdevice().
ndo_init is paired with the desctructor (tun_free_netdev()),
so if there's an error in register_netdevice() the destructor
will handle the frees.

BUG: KASAN: double-free or invalid-free in selinux_tun_dev_free_security+0x1a/0x20 security/selinux/hooks.c:5605

CPU: 0 PID: 25750 Comm: syz-executor416 Not tainted 5.16.0-rc2-syzk #1
Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0x89/0xb5 lib/dump_stack.c:106
print_address_description.constprop.9+0x28/0x160 mm/kasan/report.c:247
kasan_report_invalid_free+0x55/0x80 mm/kasan/report.c:372
____kasan_slab_free mm/kasan/common.c:346 [inline]
__kasan_slab_free+0x107/0x120 mm/kasan/common.c:374
kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:235 [inline]
slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:1723 [inline]
slab_free_freelist_hook mm/slub.c:1749 [inline]
slab_free mm/slub.c:3513 [inline]
kfree+0xac/0x2d0 mm/slub.c:4561
selinux_tun_dev_free_security+0x1a/0x20 security/selinux/hooks.c:5605
security_tun_dev_free_security+0x4f/0x90 security/security.c:2342
tun_free_netdev+0xe6/0x150 drivers/net/tun.c:2215
netdev_run_todo+0x4df/0x840 net/core/dev.c:10627
rtnl_unlock+0x13/0x20 net/core/rtnetlink.c:112
__tun_chr_ioctl+0x80c/0x2870 drivers/net/tun.c:3302
tun_chr_ioctl+0x2f/0x40 drivers/net/tun.c:3311
vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
__do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline]
__se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:860 [inline]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x19d/0x220 fs/ioctl.c:860
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:06:17.081Z
CVE-2021-47083 pinctrl: mediatek: fix global-out-of-bounds issue
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

pinctrl: mediatek: fix global-out-of-bounds issue

When eint virtual eint number is greater than gpio number,
it maybe produce 'desc[eint_n]' size globle-out-of-bounds issue.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:06:20.100Z
CVE-2021-47086 phonet/pep: refuse to enable an unbound pipe
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

phonet/pep: refuse to enable an unbound pipe

This ioctl() implicitly assumed that the socket was already bound to
a valid local socket name, i.e. Phonet object. If the socket was not
bound, two separate problems would occur:

1) We'd send an pipe enablement request with an invalid source object.
2) Later socket calls could BUG on the socket unexpectedly being
   connected yet not bound to a valid object.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:06:12.239Z
CVE-2021-47087 tee: optee: Fix incorrect page free bug
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tee: optee: Fix incorrect page free bug

Pointer to the allocated pages (struct page *page) has already
progressed towards the end of allocation. It is incorrect to perform
__free_pages(page, order) using this pointer as we would free any
arbitrary pages. Fix this by stop modifying the page pointer.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:17.107Z
CVE-2021-47088 mm/damon/dbgfs: protect targets destructions with kdamond_lock
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/damon/dbgfs: protect targets destructions with kdamond_lock

DAMON debugfs interface iterates current monitoring targets in
'dbgfs_target_ids_read()' while holding the corresponding
'kdamond_lock'.  However, it also destructs the monitoring targets in
'dbgfs_before_terminate()' without holding the lock.  This can result in
a use_after_free bug.  This commit avoids the race by protecting the
destruction with the corresponding 'kdamond_lock'.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:26.511Z
CVE-2021-47089 kfence: fix memory leak when cat kfence objects
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

kfence: fix memory leak when cat kfence objects

Hulk robot reported a kmemleak problem:

    unreferenced object 0xffff93d1d8cc02e8 (size 248):
      comm "cat", pid 23327, jiffies 4624670141 (age 495992.217s)
      hex dump (first 32 bytes):
        00 40 85 19 d4 93 ff ff 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 00  .@..............
        00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
      backtrace:
         seq_open+0x2a/0x80
         full_proxy_open+0x167/0x1e0
         do_dentry_open+0x1e1/0x3a0
         path_openat+0x961/0xa20
         do_filp_open+0xae/0x120
         do_sys_openat2+0x216/0x2f0
         do_sys_open+0x57/0x80
         do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40
         entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
    unreferenced object 0xffff93d419854000 (size 4096):
      comm "cat", pid 23327, jiffies 4624670141 (age 495992.217s)
      hex dump (first 32 bytes):
        6b 66 65 6e 63 65 2d 23 32 35 30 3a 20 30 78 30  kfence-#250: 0x0
        30 30 30 30 30 30 30 37 35 34 62 64 61 31 32 2d  0000000754bda12-
      backtrace:
         seq_read_iter+0x313/0x440
         seq_read+0x14b/0x1a0
         full_proxy_read+0x56/0x80
         vfs_read+0xa5/0x1b0
         ksys_read+0xa0/0xf0
         do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40
         entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9

I find that we can easily reproduce this problem with the following
commands:

	cat /sys/kernel/debug/kfence/objects
	echo scan > /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak
	cat /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak

The leaked memory is allocated in the stack below:

    do_syscall_64
      do_sys_open
        do_dentry_open
          full_proxy_open
            seq_open            ---> alloc seq_file
      vfs_read
        full_proxy_read
          seq_read
            seq_read_iter
              traverse          ---> alloc seq_buf

And it should have been released in the following process:

    do_syscall_64
      syscall_exit_to_user_mode
        exit_to_user_mode_prepare
          task_work_run
            ____fput
              __fput
                full_proxy_release  ---> free here

However, the release function corresponding to file_operations is not
implemented in kfence.  As a result, a memory leak occurs.  Therefore,
the solution to this problem is to implement the corresponding release
function.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:27.495Z
CVE-2021-47090 mm/hwpoison: clear MF_COUNT_INCREASED before retrying get_any_page()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/hwpoison: clear MF_COUNT_INCREASED before retrying get_any_page()

Hulk Robot reported a panic in put_page_testzero() when testing
madvise() with MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE.  The BUG() is triggered when retrying
get_any_page().  This is because we keep MF_COUNT_INCREASED flag in
second try but the refcnt is not increased.

    page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page) == 0)
    ------------[ cut here ]------------
    kernel BUG at include/linux/mm.h:737!
    invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
    CPU: 5 PID: 2135 Comm: sshd Tainted: G    B             5.16.0-rc6-dirty #373
    Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1.1 04/01/2014
    RIP: release_pages+0x53f/0x840
    Call Trace:
      free_pages_and_swap_cache+0x64/0x80
      tlb_flush_mmu+0x6f/0x220
      unmap_page_range+0xe6c/0x12c0
      unmap_single_vma+0x90/0x170
      unmap_vmas+0xc4/0x180
      exit_mmap+0xde/0x3a0
      mmput+0xa3/0x250
      do_exit+0x564/0x1470
      do_group_exit+0x3b/0x100
      __do_sys_exit_group+0x13/0x20
      __x64_sys_exit_group+0x16/0x20
      do_syscall_64+0x34/0x80
      entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
    Modules linked in:
    ---[ end trace e99579b570fe0649 ]---
    RIP: 0010:release_pages+0x53f/0x840
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:28.887Z
CVE-2021-47091 mac80211: fix locking in ieee80211_start_ap error path
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mac80211: fix locking in ieee80211_start_ap error path

We need to hold the local->mtx to release the channel context,
as even encoded by the lockdep_assert_held() there. Fix it.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:31.390Z
CVE-2021-47093 platform/x86: intel_pmc_core: fix memleak on registration failure
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

platform/x86: intel_pmc_core: fix memleak on registration failure

In case device registration fails during module initialisation, the
platform device structure needs to be freed using platform_device_put()
to properly free all resources (e.g. the device name).
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:41.813Z
CVE-2021-47095 ipmi: ssif: initialize ssif_info->client early
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ipmi: ssif: initialize ssif_info->client early

During probe ssif_info->client is dereferenced in error path. However,
it is set when some of the error checking has already been done. This
causes following kernel crash if an error path is taken:

[   30.645593][  T674] ipmi_ssif 0-000e: ipmi_ssif: Not probing, Interface already present
[   30.657616][  T674] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000088
...
[   30.657723][  T674] pc : __dev_printk+0x28/0xa0
[   30.657732][  T674] lr : _dev_err+0x7c/0xa0
...
[   30.657772][  T674] Call trace:
[   30.657775][  T674]  __dev_printk+0x28/0xa0
[   30.657778][  T674]  _dev_err+0x7c/0xa0
[   30.657781][  T674]  ssif_probe+0x548/0x900 [ipmi_ssif 62ce4b08badc1458fd896206d9ef69a3c31f3d3e]
[   30.657791][  T674]  i2c_device_probe+0x37c/0x3c0
...

Initialize ssif_info->client before any error path can be taken. Clear
i2c_client data in the error path to prevent the dangling pointer from
leaking.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:46.553Z
CVE-2021-47096 ALSA: rawmidi - fix the uninitalized user_pversion
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ALSA: rawmidi - fix the uninitalized user_pversion

The user_pversion was uninitialized for the user space file structure
in the open function, because the file private structure use
kmalloc for the allocation.

The kernel ALSA sequencer code clears the file structure, so no additional
fixes are required.

BugLink: https://github.com/alsa-project/alsa-lib/issues/178
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:48.095Z
CVE-2021-47098 hwmon: (lm90) Prevent integer overflow/underflow in hysteresis calculations
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

hwmon: (lm90) Prevent integer overflow/underflow in hysteresis calculations

Commit b50aa49638c7 ("hwmon: (lm90) Prevent integer underflows of
temperature calculations") addressed a number of underflow situations
when writing temperature limits. However, it missed one situation, seen
when an attempt is made to set the hysteresis value to MAX_LONG and the
critical temperature limit is negative.

Use clamp_val() when setting the hysteresis temperature to ensure that
the provided value can never overflow or underflow.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:50.282Z
CVE-2021-47101 asix: fix uninit-value in asix_mdio_read()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

asix: fix uninit-value in asix_mdio_read()

asix_read_cmd() may read less than sizeof(smsr) bytes and in this case
smsr will be uninitialized.

Fail log:
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in asix_check_host_enable drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:82 [inline]
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in asix_check_host_enable drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:82 [inline] drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:497
BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in asix_mdio_read+0x3c1/0xb00 drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:497 drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:497
 asix_check_host_enable drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:82 [inline]
 asix_check_host_enable drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:82 [inline] drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:497
 asix_mdio_read+0x3c1/0xb00 drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:497 drivers/net/usb/asix_common.c:497
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:54.117Z
CVE-2021-47102 net: marvell: prestera: fix incorrect structure access
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: marvell: prestera: fix incorrect structure access

In line:
	upper = info->upper_dev;
We access upper_dev field, which is related only for particular events
(e.g. event == NETDEV_CHANGEUPPER). So, this line cause invalid memory
access for another events,
when ptr is not netdev_notifier_changeupper_info.

The KASAN logs are as follows:

[   30.123165] BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in prestera_netdev_port_event.constprop.0+0x68/0x538 [prestera]
[   30.133336] Read of size 8 at addr ffff80000cf772b0 by task udevd/778
[   30.139866]
[   30.141398] CPU: 0 PID: 778 Comm: udevd Not tainted 5.16.0-rc3 #6
[   30.147588] Hardware name: DNI AmazonGo1 A7040 board (DT)
[   30.153056] Call trace:
[   30.155547]  dump_backtrace+0x0/0x2c0
[   30.159320]  show_stack+0x18/0x30
[   30.162729]  dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x84
[   30.166491]  print_address_description.constprop.0+0x74/0x2b8
[   30.172346]  kasan_report+0x1e8/0x250
[   30.176102]  __asan_load8+0x98/0xe0
[   30.179682]  prestera_netdev_port_event.constprop.0+0x68/0x538 [prestera]
[   30.186847]  prestera_netdev_event_handler+0x1b4/0x1c0 [prestera]
[   30.193313]  raw_notifier_call_chain+0x74/0xa0
[   30.197860]  call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0x68/0xc0
[   30.202924]  register_netdevice+0x3cc/0x760
[   30.207190]  register_netdev+0x24/0x50
[   30.211015]  prestera_device_register+0x8a0/0xba0 [prestera]
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:10:56.018Z
CVE-2021-47104 IB/qib: Fix memory leak in qib_user_sdma_queue_pkts()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

IB/qib: Fix memory leak in qib_user_sdma_queue_pkts()

The wrong goto label was used for the error case and missed cleanup of the
pkt allocation.

Addresses-Coverity-ID: 1493352 ("Resource leak")
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:15:13.370Z
CVE-2021-47105 ice: xsk: return xsk buffers back to pool when cleaning the ring
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ice: xsk: return xsk buffers back to pool when cleaning the ring

Currently we only NULL the xdp_buff pointer in the internal SW ring but
we never give it back to the xsk buffer pool. This means that buffers
can be leaked out of the buff pool and never be used again.

Add missing xsk_buff_free() call to the routine that is supposed to
clean the entries that are left in the ring so that these buffers in the
umem can be used by other sockets.

Also, only go through the space that is actually left to be cleaned
instead of a whole ring.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:15:14.355Z
CVE-2021-47107 NFSD: Fix READDIR buffer overflow
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

NFSD: Fix READDIR buffer overflow

If a client sends a READDIR count argument that is too small (say,
zero), then the buffer size calculation in the new init_dirlist
helper functions results in an underflow, allowing the XDR stream
functions to write beyond the actual buffer.

This calculation has always been suspect. NFSD has never sanity-
checked the READDIR count argument, but the old entry encoders
managed the problem correctly.

With the commits below, entry encoding changed, exposing the
underflow to the pointer arithmetic in xdr_reserve_space().

Modern NFS clients attempt to retrieve as much data as possible
for each READDIR request. Also, we have no unit tests that
exercise the behavior of READDIR at the lower bound of @count
values. Thus this case was missed during testing.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:15:38.706Z
CVE-2021-47108 drm/mediatek: hdmi: Perform NULL pointer check for mtk_hdmi_conf
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/mediatek: hdmi: Perform NULL pointer check for mtk_hdmi_conf

In commit 41ca9caaae0b
("drm/mediatek: hdmi: Add check for CEA modes only") a check
for CEA modes was added to function mtk_hdmi_bridge_mode_valid()
in order to address possible issues on MT8167;
moreover, with commit c91026a938c2
("drm/mediatek: hdmi: Add optional limit on maximal HDMI mode clock")
another similar check was introduced.

Unfortunately though, at the time of writing, MT8173 does not provide
any mtk_hdmi_conf structure and this is crashing the kernel with NULL
pointer upon entering mtk_hdmi_bridge_mode_valid(), which happens as
soon as a HDMI cable gets plugged in.

To fix this regression, add a NULL pointer check for hdmi->conf in the
said function, restoring HDMI functionality and avoiding NULL pointer
kernel panics.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-04T18:15:40.883Z
CVE-2021-47109 neighbour: allow NUD_NOARP entries to be forced GCed
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

neighbour: allow NUD_NOARP entries to be forced GCed

IFF_POINTOPOINT interfaces use NUD_NOARP entries for IPv6. It's possible to
fill up the neighbour table with enough entries that it will overflow for
valid connections after that.

This behaviour is more prevalent after commit 58956317c8de ("neighbor:
Improve garbage collection") is applied, as it prevents removal from
entries that are not NUD_FAILED, unless they are more than 5s old.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-15T20:14:18.469Z
CVE-2021-47110 x86/kvm: Disable kvmclock on all CPUs on shutdown
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

x86/kvm: Disable kvmclock on all CPUs on shutdown

Currenly, we disable kvmclock from machine_shutdown() hook and this
only happens for boot CPU. We need to disable it for all CPUs to
guard against memory corruption e.g. on restore from hibernate.

Note, writing '0' to kvmclock MSR doesn't clear memory location, it
just prevents hypervisor from updating the location so for the short
while after write and while CPU is still alive, the clock remains usable
and correct so we don't need to switch to some other clocksource.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-15T20:14:19.183Z
CVE-2021-47111 xen-netback: take a reference to the RX task thread
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

xen-netback: take a reference to the RX task thread

Do this in order to prevent the task from being freed if the thread
returns (which can be triggered by the frontend) before the call to
kthread_stop done as part of the backend tear down. Not taking the
reference will lead to a use-after-free in that scenario. Such
reference was taken before but dropped as part of the rework done in
2ac061ce97f4.

Reintroduce the reference taking and add a comment this time
explaining why it's needed.

This is XSA-374 / CVE-2021-28691.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-15T20:14:19.898Z
CVE-2021-47112 x86/kvm: Teardown PV features on boot CPU as well
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

x86/kvm: Teardown PV features on boot CPU as well

Various PV features (Async PF, PV EOI, steal time) work through memory
shared with hypervisor and when we restore from hibernation we must
properly teardown all these features to make sure hypervisor doesn't
write to stale locations after we jump to the previously hibernated kernel
(which can try to place anything there). For secondary CPUs the job is
already done by kvm_cpu_down_prepare(), register syscore ops to do
the same for boot CPU.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-15T20:14:20.602Z
CVE-2021-47113 btrfs: abort in rename_exchange if we fail to insert the second ref
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: abort in rename_exchange if we fail to insert the second ref

Error injection stress uncovered a problem where we'd leave a dangling
inode ref if we failed during a rename_exchange.  This happens because
we insert the inode ref for one side of the rename, and then for the
other side.  If this second inode ref insert fails we'll leave the first
one dangling and leave a corrupt file system behind.  Fix this by
aborting if we did the insert for the first inode ref.
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-15T20:14:21.300Z
CVE-2021-47114 ocfs2: fix data corruption by fallocate
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ocfs2: fix data corruption by fallocate

When fallocate punches holes out of inode size, if original isize is in
the middle of last cluster, then the part from isize to the end of the
cluster will be zeroed with buffer write, at that time isize is not yet
updated to match the new size, if writeback is kicked in, it will invoke
ocfs2_writepage()->block_write_full_page() where the pages out of inode
size will be dropped.  That will cause file corruption.  Fix this by
zero out eof blocks when extending the inode size.

Running the following command with qemu-image 4.2.1 can get a corrupted
coverted image file easily.

    qemu-img convert -p -t none -T none -f qcow2 $qcow_image \
             -O qcow2 -o compat=1.1 $qcow_image.conv

The usage of fallocate in qemu is like this, it first punches holes out
of inode size, then extend the inode size.

    fallocate(11, FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE|FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE, 2276196352, 65536) = 0
    fallocate(11, 0, 2276196352, 65536) = 0

v1: https://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-fsdevel/msg193999.html
v2: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/20210525093034.GB4112@quack2.suse.cz/T/
Affected products: vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: unaffected
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
default_status: affected
Published: 2024-03-15T20:14:22.035Z