metadata: authors: 0: author: Yeats,Alexander James
count: Latin America,Caribbean
docna: 0: docna: Do Caribbean exporters pay higher freight costs?
docty: Policy Research Working Paper
subtopic: Human Rights,Airports and Air Services,International Trade and Trade Rules,Multi Modal Transport,Transport Services
teratopic: Transport
abstracts: cdata!: The objective of this study is to
            analyze transportation costs incurred by Caribbean countries
            on their major export products to determine whether there is
            evidence of freight rate discrimination against these
            countries, or whether their transport costs are
            significantly different from those of other exporters. A key
            finding is that a distinction must be made between freight
            rates for air cargo services as opposed to ocean transport.
            For exports by ocean carriers the empirical evidence is
            quite different than that for air shipments. This study also
            finds that Caribbean exporters are more likely to experience
            adverse transport costs on food and agricultural raw
            materials than they are on manufactured goods where a
            relatively high percentage of shipments are by air. The
            report also suggests the following lines of analysis: how
            the Caribbean countries might best exploit the major cost
            advantage they have for products exported by air, why is
            ocean transport less cost efficient than air freight for
            Caribbean countries, and why do large adverse transport cost
            differentials appear to be concentrated in certain product
            groups like food and agricultural raw materials?
repnme: repnme: Do Caribbean exporters pay higher freight costs?
display_title: Do Caribbean exporters pay higher
            freight costs
listing_relative_url: /research/1989/07/700498/caribbean-exporters-pay-higher-freight-costs
topicv3: Air Transport m1326010 165,Marine Transport m1326011 1799,Transport m1326661 135,Trade m1326924 698,Discrimination m1505707 3379
publishtoextweb_dt: 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z
historic_topic: Transport
origu: Policy Plan & Prog Review Dept
no_of_pages: 156
author_keys: 0: author_key: 93582
model_extractions: <!-- Start of picture text --> Polky anning, and Research<br><!-- End of picture text -->

# **International Trade**

Using two independent sources of data on international transport and insurance costs, Yeats investigated the charge that Caribbean exporters are at a competitive disadvantage because of dis- criminatory freight rates particularly liner conference pricing practices. He concluded that: Air cargo service costs are lower for most of the Caribbean rountries studied than for their competitors. (Dominica and Guyana are exceptions, due to unusual air freight costs for several major products.) Over one-third of all shipments to the United States (excluding petroleum and sugar) involve air transport - the use of which has been rising rapidly in the 1980s.

Most Caribbean countries pay about the same ocean freight rates as their competitors, although Guyana, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, and Suriname pay more on many major exports.

relatively high percentage of which are shipped by air).

Although they do not pay higher average freight costs than their competitors, Caribbean exporters could reduce their freight costs by improving ports, bulking cargoes, forning shippers' unions, and adopting uniform transport modes.

Several lines of analysis warrant further study: How can the Caribbean countries best exploit the cost advantage they have for products exported by air?

Why is ocean transport so much less cost efficient than air freight for Caribbean countries?

Caribbean exporters are more likely to pay a premium on transport costs for food and agricultural raw materials (which rely heavily on ocean transpon) than on manufactured goods (a Why do certain product groups, such as food and agricultural raw materials, cost proportionately so much more to transport?

This paper is a product of the Intemational Trade Division, Intemational Economics Departnent. Copies are available free from the World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433. Please contact Jean Epps, room S8-035, extension 33710 (164 pages with charts and tables).

The PPR Working Paper SePies disseminutes the findings of work under way in the Bank's Policy, PiPRing, and Research Complex. An objective of the series is to get these fundings out quickly, even if presentations are less than fully polished. T'he findings, interpretations, and conclusions in thesc papets do not necessarily represent of ficial policy of the Bank.

Produced at the PPR Dissemination Center
- iii -

# CONTENTS

Preface

- I. Introduction

- II. Scope and Methodology of the Study

- III. Empirical Results: Traasport Profiles for Car:bbean Countries IV. Summary and Conclusions

- Annex 1 Evidence on the Relative Difference Between Caribbean Ocean Freight Rates for Major Commodity Exports and those of Other Developing Countries

- Annex 2 A Note on the Incidence of International Transport Costs on Exporters and Importers

- Appendix Detailed Statistics on the Transport Costs for Caribbean Countries' Exports to the United States
- iv -

# Tables

1. The Value and Destination of Individual Caribbean Country's Exports (1981, 1983 and 1985)

_2._ The Comparative Importance of Air and Vessel Shipments in Total U.S. Imports: 1985, 1986 and 1987.

3. A Comparative Analysis of Caribbean and Other Developing Countries' Aggregate Freight Rates for Exports to the United States.

4. Comparative Analaysis of Nominal Transport Costs for Major Caribbean Manufactures and Ores Exports to the United States 5. Comparative Analysis of Nominal Transport Costs for Major Caribbean Food and Agricultural Raw Material Exports to the United States 6. Nominal Transport Costs for Similar Goods Exported by Caribbean and Other Countries to the United States in 1986 7. Analaysis of Differences in Nominal Freight Rates for Similar Products Exported by Caribbean and Other Countries to the United States in 1986 8. Comparison of the Ratios of Predicted and Actual Caribbean Transport Costs for Major Commodity Exports to those of Selected Competitors

- Al. Anguilla's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A2. Antigua's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A3. Bahamas' Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A4. Barbados' Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A5. Belize's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A6. Dominica's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A7. The Dominican Republic's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986
v

# Tables (Continued)

- A8, Grenada's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A9. Guyana's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A10. Haiti's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 19X5

- All. Jamaica 's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A12. St. Kitts' Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A13. St. Lucia's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A14. Trinidad & Tobago's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

- A15. St. Vincent's Transport Cost Profile for Exports to the United States in 1986

# Figures

1. The Incidence of International Transport Costs
- vi -

# Preface

While both developed and developing countries have often expressed major concerns about the influence of international transport costs on the level and structure of their trade, a lack of detailed empirical information precluded quantification of the influence of freight costs. This situation changed dramatically in the 1970s and 1980s when a number of developed and developing countries (i.e., United States, Australia, Brazil, Panama, Philippines and o:hers) began to tabulate and publish detailed information, often at the level of the tariff line, on international transport and insurance costs for imports. This growing body of information greatly facilitated analyses of the influence of transport costs on trade.

It is not an overstatemen **t** o suggest that the results of many of these earlier analyses came as a major surprise to economists. On South-North trade flows nomiral transport costs were often found to greatly exceed MFN tariffs, while on South-South trade ad valorem freight costs often exceeded 100 per cent. In addition, evidence has accumulated that transport costs often escalate with the degree of product fabrication, which incorporates a bias against international trade in processed goods. The importance of these findings is further accentuateded by recent studies which show that national policy measures by developed and developing country governments can significantly influence the level and structure of transport costs facing national exporters.

This investigation demonstrates how these new data sources can be employed to quantify and assess the influence of international transport costs on trade. While it concentrates on freight rates facing a specific group of exporters in the Caribbean, the same methodologies could be applied for any other countrv or country groups.
# I. Introduction

Recent empirical investigations of the influence of barriers to international trade show that previous conceptions about transport costs must be re-considered. For example, theoretical models that attempt to explain the level, direction, or structure of international trade are often based on the assumption of zero transport costs, or have assumed that freight costs have a constant (neutral) impact on different products. The validity<sup>of these</sup> propositions have been challenged by empirical analyses that demonstrated nominal transport charges on North-North and South-North trade frequently exceed pre-Tokyo Round tariffs. 1/ The implications of these findings are that transport costs have (at least) equivalent retardation effects on trade

- Senior Economist, International Economics Department, The World Bark, Washington. The author would like to thank Azita Amjadi<sup>for programming</sup> and other empirical assistance John Eyre, Paul Meo, and Alasdair Sinclair for excensive comments and suggestions. The views expressed in this paper need not represent those of the World Bank or its staff.

- 1/ For example, Yeats (1976a) (1977a) examined the lavel of transport costs and tariffs on Indian and Indonesian exports to the United States and found that the former averaged between two to three times<sup>higher. For</sup> some specific products like rough and shaped wood,<sup>crude vegetable</sup> materials, preserved fruit, cotton fabrics and made up<sup>textile articlis</sup> shipped from indonesia, nominal transport costs of over 30 per cent were record. Two studies by Sampson and Yeats (1976) (1977, also show that the average ad valorem incidence of transport costs on U.K. and Australian exports generally exceed nominal tariffs. However, on South-South trade flows nominal freight rates appear to be far higher, with<sup>some studies</sup> suggesting they may reach 200 per cent or more on total bilateral trade. For a survey of available evidence see Yeats (1981).
levels as import duties. In addition, other studies show that transportation costs often increase or escalate with product processing, a point which demonstrates that freig,. costs, like tariffs, are a constraint to further commodity processing and that transport costs have an important influence on the structure of trade. 2/ The neglect of transport costs in previous empirical analyses and policy studies may have been due to the lack of available data on their incidence or the (erroneous) assumption that these charges are exogenous variables outside the control of policy makers.

The practical importance of recent analyses of the effects of freight rates has been increased by the conclusions of related studies that indicate the level and structure of transport costs are often subject to a considerable degree of policy control. Investments in port improvements, loading facilities, or containerizad transport equipment may produce positive net benefits if resulting national gains from lower freight rates (such as an associated export expansion, or reductions in the landed price of imports), exceed the cost of the initial improvements. Shippers have also been found to to be able to lower freight costs through collective action4(see UNCTAD

- 2/ By comparing levels of nominal and effective transport protection for United States imports, Finger and Yeats (1976) concluded that transport costs generally escalate or increase with fabrication. Yeats (1977b) employed a commodity processing chain framework used for tariff analysis and demonstrated that nominal freight costs for U.S. imports generally rise as one moves from primary to semi-fabricated to processed commodities. Finally, a study by Jannsson and Shneerson (1978) estimated the long-run marginal costs (LRMC) of shipping various types of commodities and compared these figures with actual liner conference freight rates. These results showed a consisten **t** endency for LRMCs to to lie above actual freight rates for primary and semi-processed products, while the opposite effect was observed for consumption and investment goods. This lead the authors to conclude that "the principle of charging according to the value of service that is applied by conferences implies that high value commoditie **s** ubsidize low value commodities. Our results support this hypothesis. Excess freight factors escalate in a manner similar to tariffs."
1978). Here, possible approaches involve the formation of shippers associations to counter the monopoly power of the liner conferences, the bulking of cargoes to achieve economies of scale in transport, or the utilization of tramp services when whole vessel consignments are possible. The fact chat some studies indicate liner conference freight rates depart from the actual cost-of-carriage further accents then need for empirical analyses and policy studies on the level, structure and effects of international transportation costs. 3/ II. Scope and Methodology of the Study The objective of this study is to analyze transportation costs incurred by Caribbean countries on their major export products to determine whether there is evidence of freight rate discrimination against these countries, or whether their transport costs are significantly different from those of other exporters. Several different factors were responsible for selection of the Caribbean countries for analysis, some of which should have a

- 3/ In setting freight rates, liner conferences may have objectives that conflict with those of the exporters (countries) that they serve. The conferences, for example, might attempt to establish tariffs that maximize profits or revenues, while exporters might have a primary interest in rates that maximize total exports, or exports of certain types of products. Several empirical studies of conference rate making practices indicate that "charging what the traffic will bear" is often a major factor in setting freight rates. Deakin (1974) summarizes the available evidence on liner rate setting practices in noting "shipping conferences do not set prices with reference to social, or even private cost, at least not predominantly. Rather they fix their prices with regard to the strengths or weaknesses of demand for the carriage of particular types of goods, using the principle generally referred to as "charging what the traffic will bear"." Similar conclusiona have been reached in a number of other studies of liner conference pricing practices. It should, however, be recognized that the competive position of many conferences has greatly eroded over the last decade (particularly on East-West trade) due to increased penetration by non-conference shipping and a greater use of private chartering.
|||The V<br>Value of Total|alue and Dest<br>All|ination<br>of<br>(l981<br>Share<br>|Table I<br>Individu<br>, 1983 and<br>of All E<br>|al<br>Caribbean<br>Count<br>1985)<br>xports Destined<br>F|ryls<br>Exports<br> <br>or:<br>|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Cibb||<br>|<br>|of<br>|hich||Centrally|All|of which|
|arean Country|Year|Exports (S ill)|Developed|EEC(10)|Japan|United States|<br>Planned|Developing|Latin America/Carlbbean|
|Antigua and Barbuda|1981<br>1983|13.3<br>197|3.5<br>|3.1<br>|0.3<br>|**0.0**<br>|**0.0**|**96.5**|**64.5**|
||<br>|.<br>|28.8<br>|8.2<br>|0.2<br>|15.1|0.0|71,2|59.1|
||1965|7.2|1.9|0.7|0.9|0.0|0.0|98.1|91.3|
|Bahamas<br>1/|1981<br>1983|1,860.0<br>39954|93.0<br>|4.1<br>|1.1<br>|23.4<br>|0.0|7.0|4.5|
||<br>1985|,.<br>|51.4<br>|2.4<br>|0.4<br>|46.4<br>|0.4|48.2|4.1|
|||1,069.4|91.2|17.8|5.7|61.0|0.0|8.8|4.2|
|Barbados|1981<br>|147.7<br>|63.4<br>|13.6<br>|-|44.7|0.0|36.6|33.5|
||1983<br>1985|289.2<br>|77.4<br>|5.9<br>|0.0<br>|70.2<br>|0.0|22.6|21.3|
|||214.9|95.9|10.6|0.1|83.0|-|4e1|2.6|
|BelIze|1981<br>|110.9<br>|75.0<br>|29.1<br>|1.1<br>|41.2|0.0|25.0|22.6<br>1|
||1983<br>1985|77.7<br>855|71.8<br>|26.8<br>|1.1<br>|34.9<br>|0.0|28.2|23.0|
|||.|87.1|23.7|1,6|57.7|0.0|12.9|10.8|
|Doilnican<br>Republic|1981<br>1983|991.1<br>|86.9<br>|3.4<br>|0.8<br>|76.8<br>|0.0|13.1|7.2|
||<br>1985|1,084.2<br>7430|88.4<br>|3.7<br>|1.4<br>|78.9<br>|0.0|11.6|7.0|
|||.|95.9|4.0|1.3|86.2|0.0|4.1|.4|
|Douinica|1981<br>1983|18.7<br>|53.8<br>|52.2<br>|0.0|1.5<br>|0.0|46.2|43.3|
||<br>|27.5<br>|54.0<br>|51.1<br>|-|.2.7|0.0|46.0|17.2|
||1985|31.6|83.5|75.7|7.7|0.0|0.0|16.5|7.3|
|Grenada|1981<br>1983|20.1<br>|na<br>|na<br>|na<br>|_na_<br>|na|na|na|
||<br>|21.7<br>|61.9<br>|55.0|0.1|0.0|0.0|38.1|28.0|
||1985|20.3|69.1|60.9|0.5|0.0|0.0|30.9|25.9|
|Guyana|1981<br>1983|346.2<br>1890|65.6<br>|36.7<br>|1.2<br>|19.3<br>|1.0|33.4|25.4|
||<br>|.<br>|66.8<br>|30.4<br>|4.8|24,4|0.0|33.2|29.5|
||1985|236.0|85.6|47.5|5.6|22.8|0.0|14.4|12.0|
|||The Va|lue end Dest|Table<br>ination<br>of<br>(1981|1 (Cont<br>Individu<br>, 1983 and|inued)<br>al<br>Caribbean<br>Count<br>1985)|ryls<br>Exports|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||Shar|e of All E|xports Destined F|or:|||
|||Value of Total|All|of|which||Centrally|All|of which|
|Caribbean Country|Year|Exports (S111)|Developed|EEC(I0)|Japan|<br>United Stales|<br>Planned|Developing|Latin America/Caribbean|
|Haiti 2/|198)|619.2|25.8|5.6|0.0|19.4|11.1|63.1|22.1|
||1983<br>|154.0<br>|94.8<br>|14.5|-|77.3|0.0|5.2|2.7|
||1985|180.0|95.2|10.9|0,1|81.8|0.0|4.8|2.3|
|Jamaica 3|1981|_r,_;7|77.3|19.3|0.6|39.2|1.5|21.2|11.8|
||1983|7i,.S|77.9|21.9|1.1|33.5|1.6|_29,s_|18.0|
||1985|564.0|87.1|21.3|1.2|44.3|0.0|12.9|11.0|
|St. Kitts-Nevis|1981<br>|<br>47.9<br> <br>|93.9|17.5|0.2|71.0|0.0|6.;|5.3|
||1983|<br>49.3|93.3|8.9|-|82.0|0.0|6.7|6.3|
||1985|<br>110.1|97.4|6.6|--|89.2|0.0|2.6|2.5|
|St. Lucia|1981<br>|<br>36.4<br> <br>|49.1|41,4|-|7.3|0.0|50.9|48.5|
||1983|<br>49.2|67.8|67.7|-|0.0|0.0|32.2|22.1|
||1985|<br>62.7|91.0|90.8|-|0.0|0.0|9.0|9.0|
|St. Vincent|1981|<br>32.2|66.1|61.2|-|0.0|0.0|33.9|29.0|
||1983<br>|<br>41.4<br> <br>|46.1<br>|45.9|--|0.0|0.0|53.9|5193|
||1985|<br>45.6|63.5|-63.2|--|0.0|0.0|36.5|35.2|
|Surin<br>ame|1981|<br>517.5|92.3|30.8|4.4|38.5|0.0|7.7|2.8|
||1983|<br>418.0|91.0|53.7|4.2|17.4|0.0|9.0|3.4|
||1985|<br>296.2|94.5|48.6|3.2|21.7|0.0|5.5|0.7|
|Trinidad and Tobago|1981|<br>3,760.8|75.2|14.4|-|58.9|-|24.8|17.6|
||1983|<br>2,352.7|73.6|11.8|0.4|59.8|--|26.4|15.5|
||1985|<br>2,160.9|77.6|13.7|-|61,9|0.3|22.1|15.0|
|ALL ABOVE COUNTRIES|I/<br>1981|<br>9,497.6|77.3|13.6|0.7|45.6|0.9|21.8|13.3|
||1983|<br>9,486.4|67.1|10.5|O.|51,2|0.3|32.6|;.9|
||1985|<br>5,827.4|86.2|18.6|1.8|59.6|0.1|13.7|9.0|
**ash**

- 1/ In 1981 approximately 63 per cent of the Bahama's total exports went to Canada which accounts for

the sizeable difference between the

- "all developed" share (93.0) and that for the EC, Japan and United States.

2/ The 1981 to 1983 doclIne In HaitI s exports Is confined almost exclusively to STIC 28 (Metal Ores) and is due to the cIo-. Bouxit. mine.

ng of a large

- 3/ In 1981 approximately 9 per cent of Jamaica's exports went to Canada and this share had grown to 17 per cent in 1985.

4/ In 1981 the combined share of Canada and the United States In Caribbean exports was 59.7 per cent. **its** 1983 the corresponding 53.6 per cent while In 1985 It was 63.1 per cent.

share was Source: Computed directly from each countries' reported exports as recorded on United Nations Series D Coidoity Trade Tapes (SITC Revision 2).

Note: Bilateral trade flows that account for less than one-tenth of a per cent are recorded as 0.0 in this table.
-7-

positive influence on transport costs while others could have an adverse effect. First, as Table 1 shows the United States is a major market for most Caribbean countries and in 1985 absorbed almost 60- per cent of their total exports. There is, however, considerable variation among individual countries as St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Dominica, Guyana and Grenada maintained major trade contacts with the Europear. Community. Second, geographic proximity to the United States should be a positive factor to the extent that distance influences freight costs. 4/ However, potential orfsetting factors are that technical studies have concluded a need exists for regional port improvements, rationalization of cergoes, and adoption of unitized vessel systems on some major Caribbean routes (UNCTAD 1984). Third, there have been charges of "discrimination" in liner conference freight rates facing Caribbean countries and this study will attempt to determine if there is evidence that such charges may be justified. 5/ Fourth, this study will analyze and compare transport costs for shipments made by air as opposed to vessel. The objective

- 4/ Studies by Bryan (1974), Lipsey and Weiss (1974) or Moneta (1959) have employed regression techn;ques to "explain" transport cost differences between countries. These studies show that distance has a strong significant positive effect. Other variables that are also generally significant include: stowage factors for individual products; the size of individual consignments; unit valves of goods being shipped; and dummy variables for competition between liLers and tramps.

- 5/ As a general proposition, discrimination in ocean frieght rates or services may be held to exist when the liner charge for a particular product contributes more (or less) to the costs and profits required to provide for its shipment than can be explained by some objective method of allocating cost and profits. Discrimination may occur at the product level or national level, the latter case occuring if all items from a specific country incur unjustifiably high freight rates. Charges of discrimination have often been based on observed large freight rate differences between two or more countries. However, as Fashbender and Wagner (1973) and UNCTAD (1969) show, in order to prove discrimination exists it is necessary to show that the frieght differences do not reflect differences in the actual cost-of-carriage.
-8-

here is to determine whether either transport mode offers distinct cost advantages that should be further exploited in future export ventures.

In this study empirical information on the Caribbean countries transportation costs are drawn from two different sources: detailed records maintained by the United States Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) on liner conference freight rates for U.S. export and import trade; and from official United States import statistics. Since 1974 the United States has tabulated imports, by-p7oduct-by-country, on a joint free-alongside-ship (f.a.s.) and cost-insurance-freight (c.i.f.) basis. According to the U.S. practice, the f.a.s. valuation includes the purchase price of the product plus all charges incurred in placing merchandise along side the vessel at the port of exportation. In contrast, the c.i.f. valuation measures the value of imports at the port of entry in the United States and includes all freight, insurance, and other charges (excluding import duties) incurred in bringing the merchandise from the port of exportation and placing it alongside the vessel. As such, the ratio of the c.i.f. to the f.a.s. value provides a measure of the ad valorem incidence of international transport and insurance charges. These data can be used to estimate ad valorem freight and insurance costs for exports of product i from country j (fij) from: where VC represents the c.i.f. and Vf the f.a.s. value of exports of product i from country j.. 6/

> 6/ United States import statistics tabulate the f.a.s. and c.i.f. values of goods imported by air and by ocean vessel. As a result, nominal freight rates for both these modes of transport can be estimated separately. Since equation (1) places the f.a.s. value of imports in the denominator, the nominal freight rates can be compared directly with U.S. tariffs, which are levied on a f.a.s. basis. A further point to note is that equation (1) likely will not reflect port costs as it primarily measures "at sea" charges. Several related studies suggest that port costs and
- 9 -

In several sections of the analyses information drawn from U.S. Federal Maritime Commission sources is used to supplement transport cost rates derived from the United States trade statistics. The FMC records all liner conference tariffs on United States inbound and outbound trade. Since this information also contains details on anv special rebates (which **mn._t** by law be reported to the Federal Maritime Commission) offered to individual shippers, as well as on any additional fees for bunker or currency surcharges, it is useful for comparing actual freight costs for specific commodities shipped on different liner routes. 7/ Two different points should be noted concerning the statistical sources employed in this analysis and the uses to which the data are put.. First, data drawn from U.S. import statistics include both the transport and insurance cost component of shipments while information from the Maritime Commission relates only to freight charges. Comparisons between the two sources indicate that insurance costs roughly average about 10 per cent of the total transport and insurance cost bill irrespective of the exports' origin. Second, while data on actual freight charges are reflected in both FMC records and the United States import data these statistics have been convertei into nominal equivalents in this study to facilitate cross-country and crossport problems in Caribbean countries often are of key importance for exporters.

- 7/ There are several major differences between the data drawn from the U.S. trade statistics and Maritime Commission statistics, as well as in the uses to which these data can be put. First, the Commission provides information only on liner conference freight rates while the U.S. trade statistics incorporate information on rates for liners, tramp vessels and tanker shipments, as well as products shipped by air freight. Second, the U.S. trade data are easily converted to ad valorem equivalents while the Maritime Commission data are expressed in terms of monetary charges. Third, the Commission's data contains freight rate information for both United States imports and exports, while the U.S. trade statistics apply solely to imports.
- 10 -

product comparisons. It should be recognized that nominal freight rates may vary due to differences in actual freight charges or the unit value of the product being imported. 8/

# III. Empirical Results: Transport Profiles for Caribbean Countries

A factor that can influence a country's aggregate freight cost profile is its capacity to employ alternative transport modes (air versus vessel) for exports. For bulky low value items ocean transport may often be the sole viable transport option, but for other goods air freight may offe. distinct cost and logistical advantages. This would be particularly true when centers of production or consumption are not located near the major ocean ports of the exporting or importing country. Air transport may provide direct access to the interior markets, whereas goods shipped by vessel would have to be off-loaded at the port and then transported to the interior by rail or truck. Aside from such logistical factors, air transport provides faster delivery time which can be crucial for perishable commodities.

- 8/ For example, the nominal freight rate of product i from country j (Nf,ij) is derived from equation (1) which can also be expressed as;

(2) Nf,ij = (fij/Ujj) x 100 where f.. is the actual freight charge (measured in currency units) and Ui is e unit value of j's exports of i. If the freight charge on exports of product i from j and competitor k are equal, nominal freight rates for the two countries will differ if the prices of their goods are not identical. Specifically, (3) Nf,ij > Nf,ik; if (Uij c Uik) while, (4) Nf ij < Nf,ik; if (Uij > Uik) As such, analysis of ad valorem freight rates can be affected by both monetary freight charges and differences in the price of imported goods.
- 11 -

Table 2 examines the ability of selected countries to utilize different transport modes by tabulating their 1987 shipments to the United States by air freight and by ocean transport. 9/ The table also indicates the share of each country's exports to the U.S. by air over 1985-1987. These statistics indicate that the reliance on air transport can vary dramatically from country-to-country, but exporters in the Caribbean generally have the highest reliance on air transport of any of the different country groups outside of Israel (whose share is highly influenced by diamonds), South Asia and some other Asian countries that specialize in exports of labor intensive products to the United States. 10/ Overall, approximately one quarter (by value) of the Caribbean countries' exports to the United States enter by air but this figure is influenced by crude and refined petroleum shipments from Trinidad-Tobago and the Bahamas as well as by sugar. Both of these major export products employ ocean transport exclusively. If sugar and petroleum are excluded ($241 million in petroleum shipments from the Bahamas, $677 million from Trinidad

- 9/ The value of air and water shipments reported in Table 2 may sum to lower totals than are shown in other tables in this report. This is mainly due to the fact that shipments made partly by air and partly by water are not reported in the former. It should also be noted that United States import statistics include imports of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands from foreign countries. They do not include imports of the United States from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

- 10/ See Yeats (1989) for an analysis of changes in the level and composition of these exports. United States import statistics show that countries like Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, Taiwan (Province of China) and Singapore rely almost exclusively on air freight for compact high value items like transistors and valves, statistical machines, office machines and various types of telecommunication equipment. The proportion of textile and clothing exports by air freight appears to vary between 30 to 40 per cent. In contrast, items like furniture, wood products and pottery (which are important exports of Korea, Singapore and Taiwan) are shipped almost exclusively by vessel.
- 12 -

Table 2 The Comparative Importance of Air and Vessel Shipments In Total U.S. Imports: 1985, 1986 and 1987

|1987 Exports to|U.S. (S mill)|3/ Share|of Expor|ts by Air|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Exporter<br>by air|<br>byvessel|1985|1986|<br>1987|
|Caribbean Countries<br>822.0|2,551.0|22.2|23.6|24.4|
|Bahamas<br>35.2|373.2|8.0|10.8|<br>8.6|
|Barbados<br>42.0|13.2|89.5|89.1|76.1|
|Belize<br>1.9|25.7|11.9|9.2|6.9|
|Dominican Republic<br>422.7|725.9|33.8|31.0|36.8|
|French West Indies 1/<br>1.0|1.2|78.8|80.6|45.5|
|Guyana<br>11.1|46.4|15.9|14.2|<br>19.3|
|Haiti<br>178.6|211.3|49.4|48.3|45.8|
|Jamaica<br>75.0|316.8|19.4|19.5|<br>19.1|
|Leeward&Wlndward Islands 1/<br>49.5|29.9|50.1|57.5|62.3|
|Trinidad and Tobago<br>5.1|807.4|0.4|0.5|0.6|
|Central American Common Market<br>268,8|1,639.1|13.5|10.5|14.1|
|Guatemala<br>31.3|452.9|3.8|4.1|6.4|
|El Salvador<br>56.7|221.9|20.6|10.|20.4|
|Honduras<br>23.0|457.1|4.7|4.4|4.7|
|Costa Rica<br>157.8|507.2|22.3|20.6|23.7|
|Latin American Free Trade Asso.<br>1,880.5|17,811.3|8.9|10.1|9.5|
|Colombia<br>304.2|1,807.3|23.7|16.5|14.4|
|Venezuela<br>66.7|5,473.0|1.6|2.6|1.2|
|Ecuador<br>46.5|1,215.7|1.4|2.3|3.7|
|Peru<br>159.8|604.3|15.6|18.2|20.9|
|Bolivia<br>74.3|35.9|54.9|55.8|67.4|
|Chile<br>206.6|771.6|18.3|19.3|?1.l|
|Brazil<br>773.5|6,824.3|9.5|12.2|11.3|
|Paraguay<br>3.9|18.0|8.1|6.1|17.8|
|Uruguay<br>121.0|112.4|60.4|48.5|51.8|
|Argentina<br>124.0|948.8|8.5|9.0|11.6|
|Developing Africa<br>1,087.8|10,218.3|10.4|14.0|9.6|
|Morocco<br>15.7|31.5|22.7|27.4|33.3|
|Algeria<br>0.3|1,989.0|0.0|0.1|0.0|
|Tunisia<br>6.7|61.2|35.5|26.9|9.9|
|Egypt<br>25.6|435.9|10.8|15.0|5.5|
|Cameroon<br>1.1|398.8|0.6|0.6|0.3|
|Guinea<br>4.6|89.6|0.5|0.3|4.9|
|Ivory Coast<br>10.3|355.7|0.5|1.6|2.8|
|Ghana<br>4.9|241.6|2.0|0.4|2.0|
|Nigeria<br>4.6|3,023.0|0.1|0.0|0.2|
|Gabon<br>2.2|354.7|0.2|0.9|0.6|
|Angola<br>0.6|1,292.9|0.0|0.0|0.0|
|Congo<br>1.2|429.0|0.1|0.3|0.3|
|Liberia<br>12.6|75.1|1.6|4.3|14.4|
|Zaire<br>47.4|252.5|0.3|6.0|15.8|
|Efhsira<br>ia3.0|70.4|4.9|3.1|4.1|
- 13 -

Table 2 (Continued)

|The Comparat|ive Importance<br>ofAir<br>1985<br>1987 Exports to|and Vessel Sh<br>, 1986 and 198<br>U.S. (S mill)|ipments In<br>7<br>3/ Share|Total U<br>of Expor|.S. Imports;<br>ts by Air|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Exporter|by air|<br>by vessel|1985|1986|<br>1987|
|Kenya|21.4|<br>56.5|26.6|18.3|<br>27.4|
|Mozambique|0.3|25.1|0.7|1.1|0.1|
|Rep. of South Africa|827.3|<br>494.9|52.7|52.4|62.6|
|All Other Countries|98.0|540.9|10.5|11.6|<br>15.3|
|Near East Asia|2,081.2|<br>6,454.4|32.7|31.2|24.4|
|Iraq|0.3|286.9|0.2|0.2|0.1|
|Iran|85.3|1,452.1|7.1|11.5|5.5|
|Israel|1,914.1|<br>664.5|69.4|73.0|74.2|
|Kuwait|15.4|<br>431.5|1.6|2.4|3.4|
|Saudl Arabia|23.7|2,660.7|8.0|2.7|0.9|
|United Arab Emirates|15.3|<br>601.0|2.7|3.1|2.5|
|All Other Countries|27.1|357.7|10.5|10.9|7.0|
|South Asia|1,655.1|<br>2,066.7|40.3|44.5|44.5|
|India|1,309.4|<br>1,195.7|44.5|51.2|52.3|
|Pakistan|143.7|<br>257.4|32.2|31.4|35.8|
|Nepal|24.5|5.9|96.9|90.0|79.5|
|Bangladesh|61.1|305,2|17.9|21.5|16.7|
|Sri Lanka|115.4|297.8|21.3|23.3|27.9|
|All Other Countries|1.0|4.7|31.3|29.4|17.5|
|Other Asia|15,388.7|<br>52,851.3|20.1|22.2|22.6|
|Thailand|799.0|1,381.2|20.1|20.1|36.6|
|Malaysia|1,511.8|<br>1,376.0|57.4|57.2|52.4|
|Singapore|3,509.1|2,633.8|46.6|57.3|57.1|
|Indonesia|98.6|3,256.4|1.6|2.3|2.9|
|Philippines|878.1|1,362.6|38.6|37.3|39.2|
|Republic of Korea|2,625.6|14,239.4|15.9|16.2|15.6|
|Hong Kong|3,359.7|6,343.5|32.9|35.0|34.6|
|Taiwan, China|2,531.8|21,790.7|9.2|10.5|10.4|
|All Other Countries|75.0|467.7|10.7|12.7|13.8|
|ALL EXPORTEiRS<br>2/|67,007,0|244,025.0|19.7|21.9|21.5|

1/ In U.S. terminology the French West Indies are Guadeloupe and dependencies and Martinique. The Leeward and Windward Islands consist of Antigua, St. Kitts-Nevis, Anguilla and Montserrat, St. Vincent, St. Lucia, Dominica and Grenada.

# 2/ Includes developed, developing and socialst countries.

3/ Shipments made partly by air and partly by vessel are oxcluded from these tabulations. For this reason, the sum of the "air"' and t"vessel" shipments may be less than the total export figures reported elsewhere in this report.
- 14 -

and Tobago and about $135 million in sugar) the share of Caribbean exports by air rises to approximately 36 per cent. As such, the Caribbean countries reliance on air transport is far higher than that for LAFTA (about 10 per cent of total exports by air), CACM (10 to 14 per cent air freight), or other developing countries in Africa.

While the comparative costs of air and ocean transport will later be analyzed in detail, Table 3 summarizes information on Caribbean countries overall freight costs as reflected in U.S. trade data (see equation (1)) for 1985 through 1987. In addition, the table also provides similar information for selected developing countries in South America and other geographic regions so comparisons of freight rate levels can be made. However, a key point to note is that the nominal freight rates reported in Table 3 should vary with factors such as distance to the United States, the volume of goods shipped (if transport economies of scale exist), or the composition of each countries' exports. 11/ Another potentially important factor affecting the data in Table 3 relates to the relative use and cost of air as opposed to ocean transport for each country's exports. As such, these data must be interpreted with caution and are mainly useful for an initital assessment of the relative importance of transport costs on exports at the national level. Given these qualifications, the statistics in Table 3 do not indicate that the Caribbean countries' exports suffer major adverse effects from higher than average transport costs. Overall, the Caribbean countries had a 1987 11/ Yeats (1981, pp. 150-165) provides an assessment of how factors like port facilities, technology employed (i.e. containerized versus non-container transport systems) and economies of scale affect nominal transport costs. Scale economies, and the use of larger vessels are apparently quite important for some primary commodities like petroleum, metal ores and wood.
- 15 -

Table 3 A Comparative Analysis of Caribbean and Other Developing Countries Aggregate Freight Rates for Exports to the United States

|198|7 Exports to|U.S. (S mill)|<br>Nomin|al Frelgh|t Factor 1/|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Exoorter|f.a.s.|<br>c.i.f.|1985|1986|1987|
|Caribbean Countries|3,432.3|<br>3,623.2|4.2|5.3|5.6|
|Bahamas|416.0|450.0|4.2|4.7|8.2|
|Barbados|59.0|60.9|1.8|1.8|3.2|
|BelIze|42.2|44.6|4.9|5.9|5.7|
|Dominican Republic|1,162.7|<br>1,217.0|5.0|4.9|4.7|
|French nest Indies 2/|2.3|2.4|5.9|8.8|4.3|
|Guyana|58.7|66.4|13.7|11.2|13.1|
|Haiti|394.7|410.1|4.2|4.1|3.9|
|Jamaica|395.2|422.4|7.2|7.7|6.9|
|Leeward 8 Windward Islands 3/|86.5|89.9|4.7|4.5|3.9|
|Trinidad&Tobago|815.0|859.3|3.6|6.0|5.4|
|Central American Common Market|1,938.9|<br>2,158.1|11.1|9.5|11.3|
|Guatemala|495.2|541.9|9.4|7.6|9.4|
|El Salvador|283.8|300.1|4.4|4.1|5.7|
|Honduras|489.0|564.7|15.2|12.6|15.5|
|Costa Rica|66°.7|750.1|13.7|12.4|12.0|
|Latin American Free Trade Asso. 4/|20,248.2|21,719.7|7.1|7.9|7.2|
|Colombia|2,232.4|2,414.4|9.4|8.8|8.1|
|Venezuela|5,579.0|<br>5,881.1|4.5|6.9|5.4|
|Fcuador|1,265.8|<br>1,390.3|7.6|9.5|9.8|
|Peru|768.5|814.7|6.0|6.9|6.0|
|Bolivia|110.7|113.3|2.6|2.4|2.3|
|Chile|981.0|1,104.5|15.0|14.0|12.6|
|Brazil|7,865.4|8,432.8|8.2|7.7|7.2|
|Paraguay|22.0|23.9|7.6|5.7|8.6|
|Uruguay|343.8|369.0|2.6|2.9|7.3|
|Argentina|1,079.7|1,175.5|9.1|9.7|8.9|
|Developing Africa|11,939.4|12,679.7|4.8|6.8|6.2|
|Morocco|49.5|54.2|12.0|8.3|9.4|
|Algerla|1,998.7|2,144.3|4.0|8.1|7.3|
|Tunisia|68.8|72.8|7.1|8.6|5.8|
|Egypt|464.9|498.3|6.3|10.6|7.2|
|<br>Cameroon|413.8|442.9|4.5|9.3|7.0|
|Guinea|94.6|120.8|21.4|25.5|27.7|
|Ivory Coast|372.9|404.5|6.4|6.6|8.5|
|<br>Ghana|248.8|259.6|6.0|5.2|4.3|
|Nigeria|3,573.4|3,766.7|3.5|5.9|5.4|
|<br>Gabon|<br>358.0|<br>379.4|4.3|8.9|6.0|
|Angola|1,293.5|1,372.1|3.9|7.6|6.1|
|<br>Congo|430.4|<br>456.7|5.9|9.3|6.1|
|Liberia|87.8|100.5|25.0|19.4|14.5|
|Zaire|308.0|320.8|3.5|8.0|4.1|
|Ethopla|73.5|77.9|7.7|4.2|6.0|
- 16 -

Table 3 (Continued) A Comparative Analysis of Caribbean and Other Developing Countries Aggregate Freight Rates for Exports to the United States

||1987 Exports to|U.S. (S_mill)_|Nomina|l Freight|Factor 1/|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Exporter|f.a.s.|<br>c.i.f.|19_|1986|1987|
|Kenya|79.3|<br>85.2|7.8|6.0|7.4|
|Mozambique|139.6|<br>153.9|8.8|9.6|10.2|
|Rep.ofSouth Africa|1,345.5|<br>1,3990.0|5.2|4.7|4.0|
|All Other Countries|538.4|<br>570.1|7.2|6.6|5.9|
|Near East Asia|10,810.6|<br>11,602.0|5.3|8.9|7.3|
|Iraq|494.8|<br>525.7|3.6|7.4|6.2|
|Iran|1,667.5|<br>1,751.5|5.2|7.5|5.0|
|Israel|2,639.3|<br>2,724.4|3.7|3.6|**_3.2_**|
|Kuwait|521.5|<br>568.6|7.7|15.1|9.0|
|Saudi Arabia|4,433.1|<br>4,886.5|6.3|12.3|10.2|
|United Arab Emirates|664.1|<br>723.5|7.5|9.7|8.9|
|All Other Countries|390.3|<br>421.8|8.7|10.8|8.1|
|South Asia|3,757.5|<br>4,090.3|9.0|9.0|8.9|
|India|2,528.6|<br>2,725.4|8.0|7.9|7.8|
|Pakistan|404.5|<br>438.2|9.2|8.6|8.3|
|Nepal|31.7|<br>37.6|19.9|18.0|18.6|
|Bangladesh|369.9|<br>419.2|15.8|14.9|13.3|
|Sri Lanka|417.1|<br>463.8|11.0|11.5|11.2|
|All Other Countries|5.7|<br>6.1|6.0|5.9|7.0|
|Other Asia|69,014.3|<br>73,517.2|7.2|6.8|6.5|
|Thailand|2,220,3|<br>2,387.1|8.0|7.2|7.5|
|Malaysia|2,921.0|<br>3,053.1|4.3|4.7|4.5|
|Singapore|6,201.0|<br>6,395.0|3.6|3.4|3.1|
|Indonesia|3,393.9|<br>3,719.0|8.0|11.0|9.6|
|Philippines|2,263.6|<br>2,481.1|8.8|9.0|9.6|
|Republic of Korea|16,986.9|<br>17,991.0|7.0|6.0|5.9|
|Hong Kong|9,854.1|<br>10,490.2|7.1|6.6|6.5|
|Taiwan|24,621.8|<br>26,406.5|8.5|7.4|7.2|
|All Other Countries|551.7|<br>593.9|8.1|7.9|7.6|
|ALL EXPORTERS 5/|405,900.6|424,082.3|4.7|4.6|4.5|

1/ Nominal freight factors are measured by the ratio of total transport and Insurance costs to the free-alongside-ship value of imports. This ratio is then multiplied by one hundred to derive the nominal freight factor.

2/ Gaudeloupe and dependencies and Martinique.

3/ The Leeward Islands consist of Antiuga, St. Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla and Montserrat. The Windward Islands are St. Vincent, St. Lucia and Dominica.

4/ Mexico Is excluded from the total since a large share of this country's commerce with the United States passes directly across the border and does not incur International transport costs. 5/ Includes developed, developing and socialist countries.
- 17 -

nominal freight rate of 5.6 per cent which is the lowest figure reported for any developing country group. Freight rates for the Central American Common market (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Costa Rica) were almost exactly double (11.3 per cent) the Caribbean rate while the average LAFTA rates were about one and one half points higher. As far as individual countries are concerned Guyana recorded the highest ad valorem freight rate in the Caribbean group (13.1 per cent), due largely to its high concentration of exports of nonferrous ores while the corresponding freight factors for Barbados, Haiti and the Leeward and Windward Islands are all under four per cent.

For several countries listed in Table 3 aggregate ad valorem freight rates exceeding 10 per cent are recorded with Guinea facing freight rates that are approximately one-quarter the f.a.s. value of its exports. In each of these cases the results are due almost exclusively to a concentration of bulky low value items in exports like crude agricutural materials or ores (i.e., over 90 per cent of Guinea's exports are metal ores; 65 per cent of Liberia's exports are iron ore; over 50 per cent of Chile's exports are copper, iron ore concentrates or nonferrous ores, etc.) rather than geographic location. 12/ Table 4 attempts to reduce the influence of these product-mix variations on the transport cost comparisons by analyzing differences in freight rates for tariff line level products (i.e., the most finely specified

- _ll/_ For land-locked countries like Nepal or Paraguay, United States import statistics reflect transport costs from the first port of exportation (which in these cases would likely be in a neighboring country) to the entry port in the United States. As such, the statistics do not reflect the costs of overland transport to the port of the exporting country. Similarly, for other countries listed in Table 3 the data do not reflect internal transport costs from the point of production to the point of export. For some countries studies have shown that these internal transport costs may be considerably higher than international freight costs involved in shipments from port-to-port (See Livingston 1986).
- 18 -

Table 4

# Comparative Analysis of Nominal Transport Costs for Major Caribbean Manufactures and Ores Exports to the United States

||1986 Expor|ts|U.S.|No|minal Frelg|ht Rate|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||Sof|Applied|Caribbean|Other||
|Country/Product<br>I/<br>Valu|e(SOOO)|Total 2/|Tariff 3/|<br>Exporter|Exporters|Difference 4/|
|Antigua|||||||
|Brassieres (3762430)|2,247|<br>19.1|<br>32.0|2.1|<br>3.5|-1.4|
|Womens Underwear (3780553)|913|<br>7.7|29.2|2.7|<br>5.5|-2.8|
|Womens Ornamented Underwear (3780550|)<br>426|<br>3.6|28.3|4.5|<br>4.7|-0.2|
|Potassium Chlorlde (4805000)|313|<br>2.7|0.0|1.4|<br>19.0|<br>-17.6|
|Girls Underwear (3786030)|311|<br>2.6|24.0|£|6.4|.4.2|
|Subtotals|4,210|<br>35.7|27.8|2.;|<br>5.5|-3.2|
|Bahamas|||||||
|Fuel Oil Under 25 degrees (4750535)|<br>184,662|<br>42.0|0.4|5.2|<br>10.0|<br>-4.8|
|Analgesics (4122250)|134,065|<br>30.5|0.2|0.2|<br>1.4|-1.2|
|Fuel Oit Over 25 Degrees (4751015)|33,833|<br>7.7|0.4|3.5|<br>7.2|-3.7|
|Nitrogenous<br>Compounds (4255290)|9,821|<br>2.2|7.9|0.6|<br>4.5|-3.9|
|Sodium Chloride (4209400)|9,798|<br>2.2|0.0|51.4|<br>48.3|3.1|
|Subtotals|372,179|<br>84.6|0.5|4.5|<br>7.6|-3.1|
|Barbados|||||||
|Metal Oxide Conductors(6877455)|24,273|<br>22.3|1.0|0.6|<br>1.6|-1.0|
|Metal Oxide Semiconductors (6877441)|<br>17,239|<br>15.8|3.7|0.3|<br>1.1|-0.8|
|Metal Oxide Semiconductors (6877435)|<br>15,236|<br>14.0|0.9|0.5|<br>1.2|-0.7|
|Rubber Gloves (7058600)|6,210|<br>5.7|17.0|1.3|<br>5.9|-4.6|
|Fixed Resistors (6861082)|3,653|<br>3.4|0.0|1.7|<br>4.3|-2.6|
|Infants<br>Dresses (3842515)|2,657|<br>2.4|28.8|3.0|<br>7.8|-4.8|
|Subtotals|69,268|<br>63.6|4.2|0.7|<br>2.2|-1.5|
|Bellize|||||||
|Men's Overalls (3816510)|6,353|12.7|9.6|2.7|<br>8.3|-5.6|
|Men's Coveralls (3819805)|2,622|5.2|20.1|3.2|<br>6.9|-3.7|
|Men's Jumpsults (3810822)|1,021|<br>2.4|20.0|3.6|<br>8.2|-4.6|
|Unwrought Aluminum (6180650)|1,097|<br>2.2|0.0|4.2|<br>5.3|-1.1|
|Piston Engine Parts (6606719)|1,032|<br>2.1|0.0|6.5|<br>6.0|0.5|
|Subtotals|12,125|<br>24.6|11.3|3.4|<br>7.5|4.1|
|Dominican Republic|||||||
|Gold Bullion, NSPF (6052060)|68,379|<br>6.5|0.0|0.1|<br>0.3|-0.2|
|<br>Precious Metal Chains (7407000)|42,844|<br>4.1|6.2|2.2|<br>0.5|1.7|
|Gold Bullion (6052020)|34,595|<br>3.3|0.0|0.1|<br>0.2|-0.1|
|Mens Trousers (3816240)|24,697|2.3|16.5|2.2|<br>6.7|-4.5|
|Forronickle (6062000)|21,433|2.0|0.0|2.6|4.3|-1.7|
|Cut Leather (7912700)|20,706|2.0|0.0|1.9|<br>5.5|-3.6|
|Miens<br>Slacks (3819575)|18,588|<br>1.8|29.9|2.0|4.7|-2.7|
|Subtotals|231,242|22.0|5.3|1.2|<br>2.2|-1.0|
- 19 -

# Table 4 (Continued) Comparative Analysis of Nomlnal Transport Costs for MaJor Caribbean Manufactures and Ores Exports to the United<sup>Stotes</sup>

||1986 Expor|ts|u.s.|No|minalFreigh|tRate|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**S**of|Alied|Carlbbean|Other||
|Country/Product 1/<br>Val|ue(S000)|<br>Total 2/|pp<br>Tariff<br>3/|<br> ExPorter|<br>Exporters|Difference<br>4/|
|Dominica 5/|||||||
|Mechanical Shovel Parts (6640650)|2,422|16.0|2.8|4.1|7.3|-3.2|
|Calcium<br>Chloride (4181600)|529|3.5|0.0|6.0|<br>19.0|-11.0|
|<br>Vegetable<br>Oils (4528042)|286|1.9|0.0|3.5|<br>3.2|0.3|
|<br> <br>Phonograph Records (7242520)|264|1.9|0.2|9.9|<br>8.0|1.9|
|<br>Tollet Soap (4661500)|278|1.8|0.0|7.1|6.8|-1.7|
|Polyester Resins (4066800)|276|1.6|<br>10.6|5.7|8.6|-2.9|
|<br>Subtotals|4,075|26.9|2.4|5.2|8.8|-3.6|
|Grenada|||||||
|Motor Vehicle Parts,NSPF(6923295)|434|14.5|3.2|3.0|6.7|-3.7|
|MeasuringInstruments (7108060)|269|<br>9.0|5.2|1.1|3.7|-2.6|
|Production Counters (7119640)|143|4.8|0.6|1.4|<br>3.9|-2.5|
|Anr;ysis<br>Instruments (7124975)|130|4.3|5.5|2.0|5.5|-3.5|
|Aircraft<br>Parts (6946200)|124|4.2|0.0|2.5|2.0|0.5|
|Headwear forHospitals<br>(7031400)|112|3.8|12.6|4.4|6.1|-1.7|
|Subtotals|1,212|40.6|4.1|2.4|5.0|-2.6|
|Guyano|||||||
|Bauxite(5211710)|14,232|22.9|0.0|17.3|37.0|-19.7|
|Bauxite,NES(6010600)|5,737|9.2|0.0|33.6|28.4|5.2|
|Gold Sweepings (6057020)|2,458|4.0|0.0|0.3|<br>0.3|0.0|
|<br>PreciousMetalOres (6013920)|1,257|2.0|0.0|1.2|0.4|0.6|
|60ld B3ullion (6052020)|978|1.6|0.0|0.2|0.2|0.0|
|Subtotals|24,662|39.7|0.0|17.8|26.0|-10.2|
|Haiti|||||||
|Electrical<br>Circuits<br>(6859080)|18,549|5.3|0.7|1.4|4.3|-2.9|
|Baseballs (7345610)|18,148|5.2|0.7|2.2|4.0|-1.8|
|<br>Cut Leather (7912700)|13,778|3.9|0.0|2.3|5.2|-2.9|
|<br>Necklaces (7401300)|10,282|2.9|6.5|0.5|0.6|-0.1|
|<br>Connectors, NSPF (6859054)|<br>9,997|2.9|4.1|1.6|5.0|-3.4|
|<br>Electrical<br>Terminals(6659066)|<br>7,101|2.0|5.3|1.2|4.1|-2.9|
|<br>Electric<br>Conductors (6881800)|6,546|1.9|3.7|2.6|6.3|-3.7|
|Subtotals|84,401|24.1|2.4|1.8|4.1|-2.3|
|Jamaica|||||||
|Bauxite NES (6010600)|77,863|26.9|0.0|13.1|28.7|-15.6|
|,<br>EthylAlcohol(427800)|<br>20688|7.2|0.0|4.2|15.6|-11.4|
|<br>FuolOilUndor 25Degrees(4750535)|,<br>14,861|<br>5.1|<br>0.4|6.4|9.7|-3.3|
|<br>Brassieres<br>(3762430)|<br>8,394|2.9|32.0|3.8|3.4|0.4|
|<br> <br>MensShirts<br>(3814130)|<br>5,001|1.7|21.0|3.9|6.9|-3.0|
|<br> <br>Woens Blouses (3844409)|<br>4,953|1.7|9.8|2.5|9.8|-7.3|
|<br>_Mons_Trousrs<br>(3816240)|<br>4,767|1.7|6.4|1.8|6.4|-4.6|
|<br>womens Pantyhos (3848640)|3,908|1.4|22.6|1.5|5.6|-4.1|
|<br>Subtotals|140,435|48.6|3.8|9.i|20.6|-11.4|
- 20 -

# Table 4 (Continued) Comparative Analysis of Nomlnal Transport Costs for aolor Carlbbean Manufacturos and Ores Exports to **the** United States

||1986 Expor|ts|U.S.|No|minal Froia|ht Rate|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||% of|Applied|Caribbea|n Other||
|Country/Product<br>I/<br>Val|ue(SOOO)|Total 2/|<br>Tariff 3/|Exporter|s Exporter|Difference<br>4/|
|St. Kitts-Nevis|||||||
|Television<br>Parts, NSPF (6850855)|2,279|<br>10.3|<br>1.6|1,5|<br>3.5|<br>-2.0|
|Transformers<br>(6820520)|1,762|<br>7.9|0.4|1.2|<br>6.3|<br>-5.1|
|Parts of Electric Motors (6825500)|<br>1,547|<br>7.0|0.0|1.9|<br>5.4|<br>-3.5|
|Television<br>Apparatus (6850860)|1,438|<br>6.5|3.5|1.2|<br>2.7|<br>-1.5|
|Unrated<br>Transformers<br>(6820710)|1,123|<br>5.1|0.0|0.5|<br>5.1|<br>-4.6|
|Subtotals|13,737|<br>36.8|<br>1.2|1.3|<br>4.5|<br>-3.2|
|St. Lucia|||||||
|Brassieres<br>(3762430)|1,243|<br>10.1|<br>32.0|2.9|<br>3.4|<br>-0.5|
|Electrlc<br>Clrcult Broakers (6858035|)<br>883|7.2|1.4|0.5|<br>4.7|<br>-4.2|
|Fixed Resistors (6861082)|784|6.4|0.2|1.3|<br>3.3|<br>-2.0|
|Brassieres,<br>Plain (3762830)|689|5.6|18.0|4.0|<br>4.0|<br>0.0|
|3ody Support<br>Garments (3762886)|503|4.1|17.5|3.8|<br>3.4|<br>0.4|
|Subtotals|4,102|<br>33.4|15.1|2.4|<br>3.8|<br>-1.4|
|St. Vincent|||||||
|Lawn Tennis Rackets (7348600)|4,992|<br>63.7|2.5|1.5|<br>2.1|<br>-0.6|
|Infants<br>Dresses (3842515)|1,155|<br>14.7|<br>28.7|4.7|<br>6.6|<br>-1.9|
|Subtotals|6,147|<br>78.4|7.5|2.1|<br>3.0|<br>-0.9|
|Suriname|||||||
|Alulminum<br>Oxide (4171240)|24,780|<br>64.2|0.0|14.2|<br>7.5|<br>6.7|
|Bauxite,<br>NES (6010600)|4,169|<br>10.8|0.0|26.7|<br>22.1|4.6|
|Womens Footwear (7004514)|2,620|<br>6.8|10.0|2.9|<br>6.2|-3.3|
|Subtotals|31,569|<br>81.8|0.9|14.8|<br>9.3|5.5|
|Trinidad<br>& Tobago|||||||
|Crude Petroleum (4751010)|553,216|<br>70.4|0.6|4.4|<br>8.3|-3.9|
|Fuel Ol Under 25 Degrees (4750535)|<br>85,815|<br>10.9|0.5|8,4|<br>9.8|-1.4|
|Anhydrous<br>Awmonia (4806540)|37,670|<br>4.8|0.0|18.0|<br>14.3|<br>3.7|
|Fuel Oil Over 25 Degrees (4751015)|<br>26,597|<br>3.4|0.0|5.1|<br>7.1|-2.0|
|Methyl Alcohol (4279700)|10,208|<br>1.3|0.0|20.6|<br>32.9|-12.3|
|Iron and Steel Rods (6071700)|9,908|1.3|0.4|13.1|<br>13.4|<br>-0.3|
|Subtotals|723,414|<br>92.1|0.5|5.9|<br>9.0|-3.1|

1/ United States TSUSA classificatio **n** umbers are shown In parentheses. Tho average applied tariff and average nominal freight rates have been computed using weights based on the values for the major Caribbean manufactures exports to the Unitod States.

2/ These figures show the share of the product In total exports of all goods.

3/ Measured by the ratIo of all tariff revenues collected on the product to the f.o.b. value of the Import. This ratio Is then multiplied by 100. For offshore assembly Items the tariffs are net of Imperted components from the Unitod States.

4/ The nominal freight rate for Caribbean products minus that for other exporters. A negative value Indicates a favorable Caribbean transport differential. 5/ Tho **1966** statistits contain a relatively high value of Items like used construction machinery that **were** re-exports to **the** United States. See Appendix Table 6.
- 21 -

goods in national customs schedules upon which tariffs are applied). Table 4 shows 1986 nominal freight rates derived from equation (1) for each Caribbean country's major manufactures, metal ore, or petroleum exports to the U.S. and also provides similar transport coat information for all other exporters of the product. 13/ Differences between these figures have been computed with a negative value for the result indicating a favorable freight rate differential for Caribbean exporters. To assist in evaluating these results the 1986 value and share of each product in total exports of the country are shown along with the "applied" United States tariff on the good.141 The latter information allows comparisons to be made between post-Tokyo tariffs and ad valorem transport costs.

The main point that emerges from Table 4 is that the Caribbean countries as a group generally encounter total (i.e., the average of air and vessel charges) nominal freight rates that are below the average of their competitors, at least for shipments to the United States. For the 81 products listed, 65 (eighty per cent) have lower than average freight rates for Caribbean exports and in 3 instances (about four per cent of the total) the Caribbean and competitor's rates are equal. In addition, the table suggests that for most products the Caribbean transports cost for manufactured goods are relatively low as 63 items (about 78 per cent of the total) have nominal

- 13/ The "other exporters" transport rate shown in Table 4 is the weighted average ad valorem freight cost for all other developed and developing country suppliers of the tariff line product. Mexico and Canada have been excluded from these computations since their goods often pass directly over the common border with the U.S. and do not bear international transport costs.

- 14/ The tariff rate shown in Table 4 has been computed by taking the ratio of all import duties collected on each Caribbean export to the f.o.b. value of these shipments. As such, it represents a trade weighted average of the most-favored-nation or preferential rates actually applied. In addition, the tariff charges for offshore assembly (OAP) items are net charge which exclude imported components from the United States. As such, the figures in Table 4 reflect the actual net tariffs paid on OAP items.
- 22 -

freight rates under 5 per cent and in-only 8 instance.<sup>(out of 81) do the</sup> freight rates exceed 10 per cent. In contrast, bauxite ore, from Guyana and Suriname has ad valorem freight rates which vary between 9<sup>to 26 per cent</sup> while freight rates are equivalent to over 50 per cent of the f.a.s. value of Bahama's ezports of Sodium Chloride. 15/ However, these products are exceptions as most of the(4iominal freight rates in Table 4 are low.

In contrast to the nominal freight costs, however, Table 4 shows<sup>that</sup> current United States tariffs for some goods are far more imposing a barrier -- particularly for items like textiles, clothing and footwear. Antigua's exports of women's clothing encounter tariffs which range<sup>from 24 to 32 per</sup> cent, while rates exceeding 25 per cent are also recorded for some<sup>clothing</sup> shipments from Barbados, Dominican Republic, Jamaica,<sup>St. Lucia and St.</sup> Vincent. 16/ Several other manufactured goods (polyester resins from

- 15/ Since the ad valorem transport rates reflected in Table 4 are the weighted average of rates for air and vessel shipments, an important<sup>point is</sup> whether these aggregate figures reflect generally lower Caribbean freight costs for both transport modes or results for lower rates charged<sup>by one</sup> type of carrier. Empirical evidence presented later in<sup>thi'i</sup> study (see Tables 6 and 7) suggest that these overall results are heavily influenced by favorable air transport costs and that Caribbean countries often encounter adverse rates for ocean transport. See the appendix tables for detailed air and ocean transport cost profiles of individual<sup>Caribbean</sup> countries. In analyzing Lhis information, as well as the data in Table 4, the very different market characteristics of shipping services for manufactures as opposed to bulk commodities like bauxite ore should be noted. While the former are normally handled by liner conferences<sup>that</sup> have a degree of oligopoly power in rate setting, bulk terminals are usually privately owned and freight rates are determined by an entirely different market process.

- 16/ Such high tariff rates may go unnoticed in national<sup>tariff schedules</sup> since they are often expressed as specific duties (i.e., as a fixed monetary charge per unit of import) or as a combined specific plus<sup>ad valorem</sup> rate. GATT converts specific tariffs to ad valorem equivalents by taking their ratio to the average unit value for the imports of the product. As such, the incidence on exporters of relatively low value<sup>goods may be</sup> considerably higher than indicated by the GATT conversion<sup>procedure.</sup> Yeats (1976), for example, found that specific tariffs had<sup>nominal</sup> equivalents on developing countries' tariff line level goods that were roughly double those for similar exports from developed countries.
- 23 -

Dominica, footwear from Suriname) face-applied U.S. tariffs of 10 per cent or more.

In order to compare freight rates for manufactures (Table 4) with other goods, Table 5 gives tariffs and Caribbean<sup>transport costs for major</sup> exports of foodstuffs and agricultural raw materials. In several important respects these results differ from those for manufactured products. First, with the exception of lemon juice from Antigua, tariffs<sup>on these products are</sup> generally zero or very low. 17/ Second, the transport<sup>rates for Caribbean</sup> agricultural products are generally considerably<sup>higher than those for</sup> manufactured goods as 18 of these 57 items (32 per cent of the total) face nominal freight rates of 10 per cent. Haitian winter<sup>and summer mangoes have</sup> the highest nominal freight rates, between 49 and 57<sup>per cent, while frozen</sup> fish from Grenada and peppers and yams from Jamaica have<sup>a 30 per cent freight</sup> rate. Third, while Caribbean exporters have a sizeable<sup>favorable transport</sup> cost differential for some agricultural products there is no clear tendency for them to pay lower freight rates than their competitors as was the case for manufactures (see Table 4). Overall, 34 of the 57 items (60 per<sup>cent) have</sup> lower Caribbean rates but ir several cases (Grenada's exports of frozen fish, Haitian exports of summer mangoes) an adverse freight<sup>differential</sup> of 16 to 18 points occurs.

While the preceeding analysis (Tables 4 and 5) was based solely on freight costs for the major exports of Caribbean<sup>countries,</sup> Table 6 summarizes basic information on thz level of freight costs for all products<sup>which had</sup> export values of $10,000 or more in 1986. This<sup>information is further</sup>

> 17/ However, for some of the agricultural products like sugar and beef there are very restrictive non-tariff barriers in the United States market.<sup>In</sup> 1987 approximately 92 per cent of all U.S. sugar imports were subject<sup>to</sup> variable levies and non-automatic import authorizations while almost 60 per cent of U.S meat imports were subject to antidumping or countervailing actions and import licensing requirements.
- 24 -

disaggregted to allow for detailed coidparisons between air and ocean freight rates, as well as between freight costs<sup>of the Caribbean countries</sup> and those of their competitors. 18/ The first four columns in the<sup>table show the number</sup> of tariff line items exported exclusively from the Caribbean by one mode of transport (either air or vessel) and also gives<sup>the average ad valorem freight</sup> rate for each Caribbean country and<sup>all other exporters of these products.</sup> Columns 5 through 8 provide similar<sup>information</sup> for products exported from the Caribbean, some shipments of which are<sup>by air and others by vessel. These</sup> entries allow cross-country comparisons of freight rates and also<sup>permit</sup> comparisons of nominal air and vessel freight rates<sup>for the same goods.</sup> Although there are one or two exceptions, Table 6 shows the Caribbean countries have a general advantage<sup>over their competitors</sup> for air transport, and that the average favorable air freight differential can be as large as 8 percentage points (Belize). Antigua<sup>and Barbuda, for example, employ air</sup> transport exclusively for 38 tariff<sup>line products exported to the United</sup> States and these shipments have an average ad valorem freight<sup>rate of 7.9 per</sup> cent. This nominal freight rate is more than<sup>3 points below the average for</sup> 18/ The table disaggregates all exports of Caribbean countries<sup>into three</sup> distinct product groups: G1 -products exported from Caribbean<sup>countries</sup> only by air freighc. The table (columns 1 and 2) show the number<sup>of items falling in this group and</sup> also indicate their average nominal<sup>freight rate for Caribbean countries</sup> and their competitors.

C2 -are products exported solely by<sup>ocean vessels. Columns 4 and 5</sup> provide information on their number and their average<sup>freight rate.</sup> C3 -are products which are exported<sup>both by air and vessel from the</sup> Caribbean country. Columns 5 through<sup>8 show the number of items falling</sup> in this category as well as their average<sup>transport rate for each type of</sup> carrier. These data permit two<sup>transport cost comparisons:</sup> between the Caribbean country and its competitors; and bewteen air and ocean freight costs for a common group of products.

Appendix tables to this report provide the<sup>detailed freight cost data upon</sup> which Table 6 is based.
- 25 -

# Table 5

# Comparative Analysis of Nominal Transport Costs for Major Carlbbean Food and Agricultural Raw Materials Exports to the<sup>United States</sup>

||1986 Exp|orts<br>|U.S.|Nom|inaol<br>rpesi|ht Rate|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||%of|Applied|Caribbean|Other||
|Coountry/Product<br>1/|Value($000)|Total 2/|<br>Tariff 3/|<br>Exporter|Exporters|Dlfference 4/|
|Antigua|||||||
|Bovine Leather (1216105)|1,273|10.8|5.0|3.8|3.9|-0.1|
|Fancy Leather, NSPF (1216500)|743|6.3|2.9|3.9|3.9|0.0|
|Candy and Confection (1571005)|415|3.5|0.0|12.8|9.7|3.1|
|Lmown Julce (1653650)|303|2.6|26.9|12.5|15.5|-3.0|
|Fresh Fish, NES (1103570)|288|2.4|0.2|16.2|20.4|-4.2|
|Subtotals|3,022|25.6|5.5|7.2|7.4|-0.2|
|Behamas|||||||
|Fresh Lobsters (1144530)|8,766|2.0|0.0|2.2|3.3|-1.1|
|Rock Lobster Tails (1144525)|7,445|1.7|0.0|3.5|_2.8_|0.7|
|Subtotals|16,211|3.7|0.0|2.8|3.1|-0.3|
|Barbados|||||||
|Sugar and Sugar Syrups (1553500)|<br>1,446|1.3|0.6|1.7|12.3|-10.6|
|Rum (1691415)|1,054|1-0|0.2|7.0|5.9|1.1|
|Subtotals|2,500|2.3|0.4|3.6|9.5|-5.9|
|Bel**Iz**|||||||
|Sugars and Molasses (1552045)|11,110|22.1|0.0|10.2|6.7|3.5|
|Orange Julce, NSPF (1652900)|6,371|12.7|4.0|6.5|9.3|-2.6|
|Citrus Juices, NSPF (1653680)|4,069|8.1|3.3|5.2|13.3|-8.1|
|Rock Lobster Tails (1144525)|3,179|6.3|0.0|1.5|2.9|-1.4|
|Fresh Lobsters (1144530)|562|1.1|0.0|1.6|3.2|-1.6|
|Subtotals|25,291|50.3|1.5|7.1|7.8|-0.7|
|Dominican Repubilc|||||||
|Coffee, Crude (1601020)|109,972|10.5|0.0|2.6|3.7|-1.1|
|Sugars and Molasses (1552045)|96,936|9.2|0.0|5.1|7.1|-2.0|
|Cocoa Beans (1561000)|57,781|5.5|0.0|8.9|7.4|1.5|
|Beef without Bones (1061060)|25,625|2.4|0.1|5.6|16.3|-10.7|
|Cigars (1707000)|18,190|1.7|0.3|1.8|3,2|-1.4|
|Sugar and Mixtures (1554000)|9,597|0.9|0.0|20.2|25.5|-5.3|
|Subtotals|318,101|30,2|--|5.1|7.0|-1.9|
|Domlnica|||||||
|Cocoa Beans (1561000)|705|4.6|0.0|9.8|7.6|2.2|
|Rock Lobster Tells (1144525)|457|3.0|0.0|3.4|2.8|0.6|
|Citrus Juices, NSPF (1653680)|129|0.9|0.4|12.0|10.9|1.1|
|Subtotals|1,291|8.5|--|7.4|5.9|1.5|
|Grenada|||||||
|Nutmgs (1616300)|494|16.5|0.0|2.7|3.9|-1.2|
|Cocoa Beans (1561000)|254|8.5|0.0|4.4|7.6|-3.2|
|Frozen Fish (1103575)|129|0.9|0.4|29.5|12.0|17.5|
|Subtotals|877|25.9|--|4.1|**5.4**|-1.3|
- 26 -

Table 5 (Continued)

# Comparative Analysis of Nominal Transport Costs for Major Caribbean Food and Agricultural Raw Material Exports to the United States

||1986 Exp|orts|U.S.|Nom|inal Freig|ht Rate|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||% of|Applied|Caribbean|Other||
|Country/Product<br>1/<br>Val|ue(SOOO)|Total_21_|<br> T-riff 3/|Exporter|Exporters|Difference 4/|
|Guyana|||||||
|Fresh or Frozen Shrimp (1144545)|21,620|34.8|0.0|4.1|4.2|-0.1|
|Sugars and Molasses (1552045)|7,793|12.5|0.0|5.6|6.8|-1.2|
|Live Birds over S5 each (1003100)|1,278|2.1|0.4|8.1|18.2|-0.1|
|Sugar and Mixtures (1554000)|753|1.2|0.0|7.4|25.0|-17.6|
|Subtotals|31,444|50.6|--|4.6|5.8|-1.2|
|Haiti|||||||
|Coffee, Crude (1601020)|5,523|1.6|0.0|2.9|3.7|-0.8|
|Fresh Winter Mangoes (1480300)|2,717|0.8|0.6|57.2|54.0|3.2|
|Goat and Kid Leather (1216200)|1,656|0.5|0.0|2.9|6.9|-4.0|
|Sugar and Mixtures (1554000)|1,555|0.4|0.0|28.4|24.7|3.7|
|Rock Lobster Tails (1144525)|1,298|0.4|0.0|5.6|2.8|2.8|
|Fresh Summer Mangoes (1480600)|791|0.2|0.2|49.0|32.6|16.4|
|Bovine Leather, NES :1216112)|703|0.2|0.0|2.3|5.3|-3.0|
|Subtotals|14,243|4.1|--|18.9|17.7|1.2|
|Jamaica|||||||
|Cigars (1707000)|7,004|2.4|0.1|3.2|2.4|0.8|
|<br>Fresh Yams (1378800)|2,764|1.3|0.1|30.2|27.4|2.8|
|Cordials and Llquers (1689800)|2,890|1.0|0.2|1.5|12.4|-10.9|
|Sugars and Molasses (1552045)|2,280|0.8|0.0|2.9|6.8|-3.9|
|Rock Lobster Tails (1144525)|1,827|0.6|0.0|6.4|2.8|3.6|
|Fresh or Frozen Peppers (1371020)|1,537|0.5|0.0|29.6|42.0|-12.4|
|Subtotals|18,302|6.6|0.1|10.7|12.6|-1.9|
|St. Kitts-4evis|||||||
|Sugars and Molasses (1552045)|3,811|17.1|0.0|4.5|6.8|-2.3|
|Sugar and Mixtures (1554000)|414|1.9|0.0|28.1|24.8|3.3|
|Subtotals|4,225|19.0|0.0|5.3|9.1|-1.7|
|St. Lucia|||||||
|Fresh Tuna (1101012)|1,103|9.0|0.0|5.4|9.4|-4.0|
|Cocoa Beans (156100)|72|0.6|0.0|5.1|7.6|-2.5|
|<br>Subtotals|1,175|9.6|0.0|5.3|9.1|-3.8|
|St. Vincent|||||||
|By-Products of Grain Mills (1847070|)<br>80|1.0|0.0|23.3|23.8|-0.5|
|Pumpkins and Breadfruit (1379300)|62|0.8|0.0|39.1|31.6|7.5|
|Subtotals|142|1.8|0.0|28.7|27.2|-1.5|
- 27 -

# Table 5 (Continued)

# Comparative Analysis of Nominal Transport Costs for MaJor Caribbean Food and Agricultural Raw Material Exports to the United States

||1986 Exp|orts|U.S.|Nom|inal Freig|ht Rate|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Country/Product<br>1/|Value(SOOO)|%of<br> <br>Total 2/|Appiled<br>Tariff 3/|Caribbean<br>Exporter|Other<br>Exporters|Difference 4/|
|Suriname|||||||
|Fresh or Frozen ShriUp (1144545|)<br>1,669|4.3|0.0|4.9|4.2|0.7|
|Black Unground Pepper (1617720)|<br>401|1.0|0.0|3.0|3.7|-0.7|
|Fresh Fish, NES (1103570)|310|08|0.6|17.1|20.4|-3.3|
|Subtotals|2,380|6.1|0.1|6.3|6.4|-0.1|
|Trinidad & Tobago|||||||
|Fresh Tuna (1101012)|5,264|0.7|0.0|5.1|9.6|-4.5|
|Sugars and Molasses (1552045)|4,938|0.6|0.0|2.8|6.8|-4.0|
|Cocoa Beans (1561000)|849|0.1|0.0|;3.3|7.6|5.7|
|Bitters with Spirits (1681300)|<br>530|0.1|0.0|17.8|17.2|0.6|
|Crude Coffee (1601020)|433|0.1|0.0|.5.3|<br>3.7|1.6|
|Subtotals|12,014|1.6|0.0|4.8|8.5|-3.7|

1/ United States TSUSA classification numbers are shown in parentheses. The average applied tariff and average nominal freight rates have been computed using weights basedon the values for major Caribbean agricultural exports to the United States.

2/ These figures show the share of the product In total exports of all goods.

3/ Measured by the ratio of all tariff revenues collected on the product to the f.o.b. value of the import. This ratio Is then multiplied by 100.

4/ The nominal freight rate for Caribbean products minus that for other exports. A negative value Indicates a favorable Caribbean transport differential.

**.N** l

Note: The symbol -- designates a value less than 0.1.
- 28 -

their competitors. For the 42 tariff line products exported exclusively by air from Haiti the nominal freight rate of 8.5 per cent is about one-half that of its competitors, while Jamaica and St. Kitts experience a favorable freight rate differential of about the same magnitude. In only two cases (Dominica and Guyana) is the normal pattern reversed with Caribbean exporters paying higher ad valorem air transport costs. 19/ While Table 6 shows that the Caribbean countries typically encounter lower ad valorem freight rates for products shipped by air, the same findings do not hold for goods transported exclusively by vessel. For six of the 16 Caribbearn countries (Anguilla, Barbados, Guyana, St. Kitts-Nevis, St. Lucia and Suriname) the overall ad valorem sea transport rate exceeds that of other suppliers with Anguilla and Suriname facing adverse differentials of 5 to 10 points. In Haiti and Jamaica, where some of the most favorabie air transport differentials occurred the vessel freight rates are less than one percentage point below those for non-Caribbean exporters.

Columns 5 through 8 provide similar comparisons for products exported partly by air and partly by vessel. These tabulations also indicate the cost margin of air over water transport for a common group of products. For example, the six tariff line products that Antigua and Barbuda exports both by 19/ Detailed statistics on Dominica's transport costs presented in the appendix shows that the reversal of the normal pattern is due to shipments of one pharmaceutical good (TSUSA 4400000) where Dominica's air freight rate is about 125 points higher than its competitors. Similarly, the adverse differential for Guyana is due to shipments of "reptilian leather" (TSUSA 1144562) where an adverse freight differential of over 100 points occurred. If these two products were excluded the average ad valorem air freight rate for Dominica and Guyana would be lower than those of their competitors.
Table 6 Nominal Transport Costs for Similar Goods Exported By Caribbean ad Other Countries to the UInited States in 1986

||Caribbean<br>E<br>Air|<br>xports<br>bYa Singl<br>Shipmnts|eTransport <br>Vess|Mode(air or vessel<br>I<br>eI Sh<br>tA|)<br>1<br>CarIbb<br>i|en Exports Partlty<br>Shi|AIrand Pa<br>|rtlyVesseI<br>2/<br>|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||<br>|||<br>_|r|pments|Ves|sel Shlpmnts|
||Number ot|Averae<br>Nminal|_Nl_f|A <br>|<br> <br>|<br>|<br>|<br>|
|Exporter<br>|<br>Items|g<br> <br>FreightRate|_umr_o<br>Ites|veragNam<br>Inal<br>FreightRate|Nuiber<br>of<br>It_ms|AvrageNominal<br>FrelghtRate|Nuer<br>of<br>Items|Average<br>Ninal<br> <br>FreightRate|
|Anguilla<br>Anguilla|12|9.26|3|2273|0||||
|Other Exporters|12|<br>1371|<br>3|.<br>|<br>||0||
|<br>||.||12.29|0|-|0|-|
|Antigua and Barbuda<br>Antigua and Barbuda|38|793|40|1537|||||
|<br>OtherExporters|<br>36|.<br>1102|<br>40|.<br>1550|6<br>|12.64<br>|6<br>|6.01<br>|
|<br>||.||.|6|7.73|6|4.30|
|Bahamas<br>Bahamas|32|358|70||||||
|<br>Other Exporters|<br>32|.<br>4U|<br>70|12.11<br>1260|10<br>|6.60<br>|10<br>|S.28<br>|
|<br>||.||.|10|8.57|10|5.23|
|Barbados<br>Barbados|101|553|||||||
|<br>Other Exporters|<br>101|.<br>879|33<br>|11.77<br>|9<br>|10.97<br>|9<br>|6.26|
|<br>||.|33|9.82|9|11.29|9|6.79|
|Bel Ize<br>Belize|33|1540|51|901|||||
|Other Exporters|<br>33|.<br>2392|<br>51|.<br>|11<br>|9.64<br>|11<br>|8.09|
|<br>||.||9.68|It|16.65|11|8.77|
|Oinica<br>Ominica|**58**|1154|97|1019|1||||
|OtherExporters|<br>M|.<br>950|<br>|.<br>|5<br>|16.10<br>|15<br>|11.21|
|<br> <br>||.|97|10.23|15|11.93|1S|8.36|
|i)lnican<br>Republic<br>ominican Republic|351|11.44|425|790|265|1281|||
|Other Exporters|351|1896|<br>425|.<br>|<br>|.<br>|285<br>|6.53|
|<br>||.||9.22|285|20.98|285|7.82|
|Grenada<br>Grenada|19|762|14|307|||||
|_Other_Exporwts|<br>19|.<br>1002|<br>|.<br>|6<br>|J.64<br>|6|3.12|
|<br>||.|14|3.81|6|7.07|6|3.28|
|Guyana<br>Guyana|27|1760|34|1794|||||
|<br>Other Exporters|<br>27|.<br>1272|<br>|.<br>|9<br>|18.83<br>|9|8.47|
|||.|34|14.37|9|16.51|9|6.61|
Table 6 (Continued) Nominal Transport Costs for Siallar Goods Exported By Carlbbean and Other Countries to the United States In 1986

||Caribbean E|xports by a Sin.le|Transport|NoId(air orvessel<br>|)<br>1/<br>Caribb|ean Exports Partly|Airand Par|tlyVessel<br>2/|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Air<br>|Shipents|Vess|el Shipments|Air|Shipments|Ves|sel<br>Shipmnts|
|Exporter|Number<br>of<br>Items|Average Nominal<br>Frelaht Rate|Number<br>of<br>Items|AvrageNominal<br>Freight<br>Rate|_Numbr_of<br>Items|AverepNominal<br>Freight<br>Rat|Nuerof<br>Items|Average<br>Nminal<br>Freight Rate|
|Haiti<br>|||||||||
|Haiti<br>|442<br>|8.46<br>|421<br>|6.26|292|10.02|292|5.02|
|Other Exporters|442|16.13|421|7.19|292|17.58|292|5.93|
|Jamaica<br>|||||||||
|Jamaica<br>|251<br>|9.93<br>|273<br>|9.50<br>|127<br>|12.40|127|8.30|
|OtherExporters|251|18.14|273|10.32|127|12.15|127|9.58|
|St.Kitts-NWvis<br>|||||||||
|St. Kitts-Nevis<br>|44<br>|3.32|28|3.39|10|6.14|10|7.67|
|Other Exporters|44|8.88|28|5.32|10|9.34|10|4.48|
|St. Lucia<br>|||||||||
|St. Lucia<br>|46<br>|4.68<br>|19<br>|9.02<br>|11<br>|8.03|11|3.16|
|Other Exporters|46|9.93|19|6.11|11|10.23|11|3.67|
|St. Vincent<br>|||||||||
|St. Vincent<br>|12<br>|7.86<br>|9<br>|22.13<br>|2|22.00|2|12.60|
|Other Exporters|12|11.24|9|29.47|2|26.99|2|39.04|
|Suriname<br>|||||||||
|Surlneme<br>|30<br>|7.12<br>|25<br>|14.67<br>|1<br>|10.58|1|2.86|
|Other Exporters|30|10.10|25|9.91|1|14.55|1|4.38|
|Trinidad&Tobago<br>|||||||||
|Trinidad&Tobago<br>Other Exporters|21<br>21|14.81<br>28.11|71<br>71|9.26<br>10.56|7<br>7|22.74<br>42.69|7<br>7|9.10<br>8.48|

I/ Entries in these columns show: (1) the number and average nominal freight rates for all products exported by each Caribbean country to the U.S. by vossel; and (2) similar Information on shipmnts by air. The Caribbean tariff lne level products for which this Inforration Is recorded totalled at least 510,000 In U.S. exports In 1986, 21 Entries In these columns show transport cost Information for Caribbean exports for tariff line products where sao portion of the annual exports were shipped by air and the remainder by vessel In 1986. The Caribbean talff line 1evl produts for which this Information Is recorded totalled at least 510,000 In U.S. exports In 1986.

Note: Mexico and Canada are excluded from the average statistics on lothers" exports to the United States.
- 31 -

air and water have an average ad valorem air freight rate (12.64 per cent) that is about 7 points higher than the corresponding vessel rate. 20/ Furthermore, the air ad valorem rate is higher for Antigua than its competitors (12.6 versus 7.7 per cent) while Antigua also encounters an adverse vessel transport cost differential of less than 2 points.

Overall, three points emerge from these freight cost comparisons. First, a general favorable Caribbean air transport advantage is also evident for items that can be shipped by either air or water, a finding that was not repeated for items shipped exclusively by vessel. Second, the average ad valorem air and vessel freight rates for all Caribbean countries (12.54 and 7.82 per cent respectively) are relatively close. This narrow difference (less than 5 points) would certainly be smaller if inland transport costs were added to the nominal vessel freight rates. A third point is that for products where air transport is a viable optiont average ad valorem vessel freight rates are lower for Caribbean countries than for their competitors. 21/ One possible explanation is that competition from air carriers has been a factor holding down vessel rates.

Table 7 provides additional information on nominal freight costs by tabulating the distribution of differences between all Caribbean rates and

- 20/ As noted earlier, the air-vessel cost differential may be overstated in these comparisons since air transport may deliver products directly to interior points of consumption whereas the vessel rates would apply only to the U.S. port of delivery. Also, these comparisions do not account for the value of a faster transit time connected with air freight. To be directly comparable inland transport costs would have to be added to the vessel rate, as well as the value of the reduced air transport time.

- 21/ For products shipped by either air or vessel Caribbean nominal freight rates for ocean transport were 7.82 per cent as opposed to 10.73 per cent for other exporters, a favorable differential of 2.91 points. For all products transported by vessel, however, Caribbean countries experienced an unfavorable differential as their nominal freight rates were slightly higher than their competitors (11.83 as opposed to 11.02 for other exporters).
- 32 -

those of their competitors. The table -ndicates the percentage of tariff line products for which favorable or unfavorable freight differentials (measured in percentage points) occurred and also shows the magnitude of the differences (i.e., above or below 5.1 percentage points, above or below 3.6 to 5.0 points, etc.). 22/ In addition, the table also indicates the percentage of items for which all Caribbean ad valorem freight costs were above and below those of their competitors. This information is tabulated separately for air and for vessel shipments.

Perhaps the main point to emerge from Table 7, as well as the preceeding analysis, relates to relative differences in air and vessel transport costs for the Caribbean. For each country (excluding Guyana) 60 per cent or more of the Caribbean products shipped by air have lower freight rates than for competitors with the proportion rising to over 80 per cent for countries like Barbados, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, St. Kitts, or St. Lucia. In contrast, for Anguilla, Antigua, Guyana, St. Kitts and Suriname 58 per cent or more of ocean freight rates are above those of their competitors. Furthernore, the table shows that a far greater propqrtion of large favorable transport cost differences occur for air as opposed to ocean transport. For example, 61.6 per cent of all Haitian exports by air have freight rates that are at least 5.1 percentage points below other exporters whereas only 12.8 per cent of Haitian ocean shipments experience a comparable favorable transport differertial. This same general pattern, i.e., a relatively higher concentration of large favorable transport costs 22/ These tabulations are made for all items where exports totalled at least $10,000 in 1986. Appendix tables provide actual freight rates and value of shipment information for each of these products.
- 33 -

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- 34 -

differentials occurring for air transport, is observed for most of the countries listed in Table 7. 23/

# IV. Summary and Conclusions

The major purpose of this study was to assess the validity of allegations that unfavorable international transport differentials have a general unfavorable influence on Caribbean exporters. The analysis is based on very detailed freight cost information for the United States which constitutes the destination for approximately 60 per cent of Caribbean countries' exports. Overall, the empirical analaysis shows no evidence of adverse freight rates for the Caribbean as opposed to all other exporters to the United States. However, some particular products (or sectors) like foodstuffs appear to sometimes have high relative transport costs and these might be "flagged" for more detailed analysis.

Perhaps a key finding is that a distinction must be made between Caribbean freight rates for air cargo as opposed to ocean transport. For the former, exports from almost all Caribbean countries included in this analysis generally encounter significantly lower average freight rates than their competitors. How to best exploit this advantage should be an important consideration in planning new export ventures, or in considering ways that the competitive position of established exports might be improved. The importance of these favorable transport costs for Caribbean countries is underscored by the fact that over one-third of all shipments to the United States (excluding

- 23/ Approximately one-half of the large (over 5.1 points) favorable ocean freight rate differential for the Bahamas occurs for food products: fresh fish; cucumbers; peppers; grapefruit; lemons; limes; carbonated drinks; etc. See the appendix for details. It may be that Bahamas proximity to the U.S. is the main reason why its overall distribution of air and ocean freight rate differences does not follow the pattern for other Caribbean countries.
- 35 -

petroleum. and sugar) involve air transport, and the use of air tranpsort has been rising rapidly in the Caribbean during the 1980s.

For exports by ocean carriers the empirical evidence is quite different than that for air shipments. Most important, Caribbean countries as a group do not appear to encounter ocean freight rates which are markedly different, on average, than those of their competitors (i.e., there is no evidence that they typically pay lower nominal transport costs as was the case with air shipments) although Guyana, St. Kitts, St, Lucia and Suriname encounter adverse transport cost differentials on many major exports. This study also finds that Ca.-bbean exporters are more likely to experience adverse transport costs on food and agricultural raw materials (which are heavily reliant on ocean transport) than they are on manufactured goods where a relatively high percentage of shipments are by air.

Given the results of this study two important qualifications should be noted. First, with the possible exception of Caribbean exports to Canada, the general conclusions involving relative freight rates should not be extended to other markets. 24/ Distance plus various institutional factors may combine to place the Caribbean countries at a major disadvantage in European or Asian markets. Unfortunately, lack of comparable (to the United States) information precluded extension of the analyses to other countries' markets. Second, the finding that Caribbean transport costs, in general, are not significantly different from those of other exporters does not imply that a significant potential for transport cost saving measures fails to exist. Indeed, experience with many developing countries has shown that port

> 24/ Several major U.S. ports (i.e., New York, Boston, Seattle, etc.) are so close to major Canadian centers of consumption that these ports could be used, with existing inland transport systems, to penetrate Canadian markets. Also, Canadian air frieght rates should be roughly similar to those of some Northern U.S. cities.
36 -

-

improvements, bulking of cargoes, formation of shipper's unions, adoption of unitized transport modes can substantially lower freight costs (UNCTAD 1978). The potential for, magnitude of, and nature of such transport cost saving-measures should also be addressed in subsequent investigations.
- 37 -

# References

Bryan, I. (1974). "Ocean Liner Freight Rates," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, vol. III, No. 2., (May).

Deakin, B.M. (1974). "Shipping Conferences, Some Economic Aspects of International Regulation," Maritime Studies and Management, 2 (May).

Fashbender, Karl and Wolfgang Wagner (1973). Shipping Conferences, Rate Policy and Developing Countries, (Hamburg: Verlag Weltarchiv).

- Finger, J.M. and Alexander Yeats (1976). "Effective Protection by Transportation Costs and Tariffs: A Comparison of Magnitudes," Quarterly Journal of Economics, XC (February).

- Janssont Jan and Dan Shneerson (1978). "The Effective Protection Implicit in Liner Rate Shipping." Review of Economics and Statistics, 60 (November).

- Lipsey, R. and M. Weiss (1974). "The Structure of Ocean Transport Charges." Exploration in Economic Research, vol. 1., (Summer).

- Livingston, Ian (1986). International Transport Costs and Industrial Development in the Least Developed Countries, (UNIDO/IS.616) (Vienna: UNIDO, 6 March).

- Moneta, C. (1959). "The Estimation of Transportation Costs in International Trade." Journal of Political Economy vol. LXVII, No. 1 (February).

- Sampson, Gary and Alexander Yeats (1976). "The Incidence of Transport Costs and Tariffs on the United Kingdom's Exports," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 10 (September). I

- Sampson, Gary and Alexander Yeats (1977). "Tariff and Transport Barriers Facing Australian Exports," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy,<sup>11</sup> (May).

- UNCTAD (1969). Level and Structure of Freight Rates, Conference Practices<sup>and</sup> Adequacy of Shipping Services. (New York: United Nations).

- UNCTAD (1978). Protection of Shipper Interests: Guidelines for Developing Countries, (Geneva: UNCTAD).

- UNCTAD (1984). Small Vessels Regional Shipping Development Project: Caribbean, (UNCTAD/SHIP/603) (Geneva: UNCTAD).

- Yeats, Alexander (1976a). "The Incidence of Transport Costs on Indonesia's Exports to the United States," Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies,<sup>12</sup> (November).

- Yeats, Alexander (1976b). "An Analysis of the Incidence of Specific Tariffs on Developing Country Exports," Economic Inquiry, 14 (March 1976).
- 38 -

- Yeats, Alexander (1977a) "A Comparative Analysis of Tariffs and Transport Costs on India's Exports," Journal of Development Studies, 14 (October).

- Yeats, Alexander (1977b). "Do International Transport Costs Increase with Fabrication? Some Empirical Evidence," Oxford Economic Papers, 29 (November).

- Yeats, Alexander (1981). Shipping and Development Policy: An Integrated Assessment, (New York: Praeger scientific Publishers).

- Yeats, Alexander (1989). "Developing Countries Exports of Manufactures: Past and Future Implications of Shifting Patterns of Comparative Advantage," World Bank PPR Working Paper Series, (Washington: World Bank).
- 39 -

# ANNEX I

Evidence on the Relative Difference Between Caribbean Ocean Freight Rates for Major Commodity Exports and Those of Other Developing Countries
- 40 -

The previous analysis revealed several anomalies that could indicate Caribbean ocean freight rates are higher than might be expected on a priori grounds. First, Caribbean countries were found to encounter generally favorable (and in many cases sizeable) cost differentials for air transport, but no similar cost advantages were found in ocean freight rates. These results could be due to natural differences in the relative efficiency of airsea transport systems or by discriminatory pricing practices of liners. Second, the fact that the previous analyses did not show Caribbean countries have a major cost advantage in ocean transport vis-a-vis other exporters is somewhat surprising given these nations proximity to the United States market. Empirical studies of the determinants of ocean freight rates have found that distance is normally an important explanatory factor for transport cost differentials among countries (see Moneta 1959 or Bryan 1974).

If other factors are held constant (i.e., variations in port facilities, the volume of exports, qualities and types of vessels used, etc.) an important question centers on what cost advantage should distance provide the Caribbean countries with over other exporters. While the results must be qualified, some useful insights into this question can be gained from a study sponsored by the U.S. National Bureau of Research (Lipsey and Weiss 1974) that derived a transport cost estimation equation for United States imports. The NBER study was based on the premise that U.S. import freight rates (FR) expressed in dollars per ton can be largely explained by the following equation, where all variables are in logarithimic form, 4

- (5) FR = 3.53 + 0.52UV + 0.30DI + 0.35ST + 0.30SW - 0.51TA 2= 0.81 (57.35) (13.51) (18.18) (6.22) (12.25)
- 41 -

In equation (5), UV is the unit value of the import _($_ per ton), DI is the distance in nautical miles from the exporter to the U.S. port of entry, ST is the stowage factor (cubic feet per ton), SW is a dummy variable for a shipment of less than one ton, and TA is a dummy for products that can be exported by both liners and tankers, that is, grains and other similar items. 1/ The t values (in parentheses) and a coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup> ) of over 80 per cent testify to the accurate guide that the equation provides to freight rates for individual countries and products. 2/ The transport cost estimation equation (5) was used in the following three step procedure to test for a systematic upward bias exists in Caribbean ocean freight rates over major competitors in other regions. First, information on stowage factors, product uni- values and other independent variables was used to derive an estimated freight rate for major products exported from the Caribbean (Fci). 3/ Next, distances (in nautical miles) were tabulated for selected liner routes between the United States and major suppliers in the Caribbean and other geographic regions. This information was

- 1/ Since product unit values and freight rates have changed due to inflation and other factors, equation (5) has been used to project the relative freight costs of Caribbean countries rather than to project actual freight rates. Similarly, Table 8 compares relative actual transport charges with these figures rather than the actual dollar value of freight costs.

- 2/ Lipsey and Weiss used the same basic sources on transport costs for United States imports that were employed in Tables 2 through 6 of this report for deriving Caribbean transport costs. They also suggest that the predictive power of equation (5) could be further improved by adding additional independent variables for characteristics (like fragility) of individual items being imporced into the U.S.

- 3/ The analysis was limited to commodities given the importance of sugar, petroleum and bauxite products in Caribbean trade and the fact that the Lipsey-Weiss estimation equation appeared to have a high degree of accuracy for these items. The analysis could be extended to manufactures, but there were problems in collecting accurate recent stowage factors for these items.
- 42 -

used to derive an estimated freight rate (Foi) for specific country exporters.4/ Third, the expected ratio (Rei) of the projected freight rates was derived from,

# (6) Rei = ((Fci/Foi) x 100

where Fci is the projected rate for the caribbean country and Foi is that for the major exporter in another region. Similarly, the ratios of the actual dollar freight rates were computed and the difference between the projected and actual freight ratios derived. A systematic tendency for the predicted ratios to be smaller than the actual ratios would indicate that some factor(s) were causing a systematic upward bias in Caribbean freight rates.

Table 8 compares the expected ocean freight rate differentials derived from equation (5) with actual rates. The key finding from Table 8 is that there is no systematic evidence of an upward bias in Caribbean exporters vis-a-vis their competitors in other regions. In only 10 (28 per cent) of the comparisons do the actual Caribbean-competitor transport cost ratios exceed the predicted ratios with four of these "reversals" accounted for by crude petroleum exports from Trinidad. As such, after differences in distance, unit values, stowage factors, shipment sizes and competitive factors have been

> 4/ Information on stowage factors and other independent variables in equation (5) were taken from Lipsey and Weiss (1974, pp. 185-188). Unit value information was derived for different groups of products directly from United States import statistics. In calculating the distance term for equation (5) the following liner routes were used: Near East - Port Said - to New York; South America (Atlantic Coast) Montevado to New York; South Central Asia - Bombay to New York; Southern Africa - Cape of Good Hope to New York; South Asia - Singapore to San Francisco; Northern Asia - Korea to Seattle. These distances had to be modified for some specific regional exporters (i.e. sugar from Peru).
- 43 -

accounted for relative Caribbean freight rates for sugar, petroleum an bauxite do not appear to be consistently different from major suppliers of these products in other regions.
Table 8

# Comparison of the Ratios of Predicted and Actual Caribbean Transport Costs for Major Commodity Exports to those of Selected Competitors

|||Caribbean-|Competitor<br>Tra|nsport Cost Ratio|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Commodity (TSUSA No.)|Caribbean Country-Competitor<br>Region 1/|Predicted|Actual|Difference<br>2/|
|||(percent)|(percent)|(percent)|
|Cane or Beet Sugar(1552045)|Dominican Rep. - South America East Coast|<br>63.5|58.3|4.2|
||Dominican Rep.- South America West Coast|<br>58.4|73.7|-15.3|
||Dominican Rep.- East Asia|63.4|40.2|23.2|
||Dominican Rep.- Southern Africa|58.8|33.5|25.3|
|Cane or Beet Sugar (1552045)|Haiti- South America East Coast|68.3|68.3|0.0|
||Haiti- South America West Coast|62.8|59.1|3.7|
||Haiti- East Asia<br>|68.2|33.1|35.1|
||Haiti- Southern Africa|63.2|27.5|35.7|
|Cane or Beet Sugar (1552045)|Belize- South America East Coast|68.2|67.2|1.0|
||Bel ize- South America West Coast<br>|62.7|84.9|-22.2|
||Belize- East Asia|68.3|46.4|21.9|
||Belize- Southern Africa|63.2|38.6|24.6|
|Cane or Beet Sugar (1552045)|Trinidad- South America East Coast|62.7|89.7|-27.0|
||Trinidad- South America West Coast 3/|57.7|113.3|-55.6|
||Trinidad- East Asia|62.7|61.9|0.8|
||Trinidad- Southern Africa|58.1|51.5|6.6|
|Crude Petroleum (4751010)|Trinidad- South America East Coast|65.0|106.9|-41.9|
||Trinidad- South America West Coast|65.0|78.5|-13.5|
||Trinidad- West Asia|68.0|57.0|11.0|
||Trinidad- South Afri,ca|63.1|74.0|-10.9|
||Trinidad- North West Africa|78.3|96.3|-18.0|
||Trinidad- South Asia'|59.1|56.2|2.9|
||Trinidad- Middle East|70.0|39.7|30.3|
# Table 8 (Continued) Comparison of the Ratios of Predicted and Actual Caribbean Transport Costs for Major Commodity Exports to those of Selected Competitors

|||Caribbean-C|ompetitor Tra|nsport Cost Ratio|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Commodity (TSUSA No.)|Caribbean Country-Competitor RegionI/|Predicted|Actual|Difference 2/|
|||(percent)|(percent)|(percent)|
|Crude Petroleum (4751010)|Bahamas - South America East Coast|68.0|62.5|5.5|
||Bahamas - South America West Coast|68.0|45.9|22.1|
||Bahamas - West Asia|71.6|33.3|38.3|
||Bahamas - South Africa|66.0|43.3|22.7|
||Bahamas - North West Africa|81.9|56.3|25.6|
||Bahamas<br>- South Asia|61.8|32.8|29.0|
||Bahamas - Middle East|73.1|23.2|49.9|
|Bauxite( 6010600)|Jamaica - South America East Coast|66.7|54.0|12.7|
||Jamaica - West Asia 4/|42.7|16.8|25.9|
||Jamaica - North West Africa|78.6|72.3|6.3|
|Bauxite (6010600)|Suriname - South America East Coast|72.7|99.2|-26.5|
||Suriname - West Asia 4/<br>|46.6|30.9|15.7|
||Suriname - North West Africa|85.7|132.8|-47.1|

- 1/ The comparisons involve the designated Caribbean country and a country which Is the major supplier in the indicated region. For the latter the distance factor is measured to the closest major U.S. port of entry.

- 2/ A positive value for this term indicates the Caribbean port is operating relatively more efficiently than would be predicted using equation (5).

- 3/ The actual freight rate ratio greater than unity is due to charges of S19.2 per ton for shipments from Trinidad and S17.05 per ton from South America West Coast (Peru).

- 4/ The very low actual transport cost ratios are due to the high freight rate on bauxite (533.09) from China. In contrast, the actual rate Is S5.56 Jamaica and 510.21 from Suriname.
- 46 -

# Annex II

A Note on the Incidence of International Transport Costs on Exporters and Importers
- 47 -

While transport costs are formally paid by exporters when goods are sold on a c.i.f. basist and by the importer when purchases are made f.o.b., the party paying the freight bill is not necessarily the one bearing the transport cost. In actual practice, the exporter can be regarded as bearing freight costs if the delivered price in the importing market is not affected by changes in transport charges. Conversely, the importer may be regarded as bearing the cost of transport if the commodities' price in the export market would remain the same irrespective of changes in shipping costs. Given the nature of some of their major exports, these points are of special importance to the Caribbean countries.

Figure 1 The Incidence of International Transport Costs

- (a) Incidence of freight costs when supply is perfectly inelastic

<!-- Start of picture text --> (b) Incidence of freight<br>costs when demand is<br>perfectly inelastic<br>D S'<br>C.<br>... . /<br>S<br>0 N Quantity<br><!-- End of picture text --> <!-- Start of picture text --> 8 D S<br>C X . .~~~~~~~~~. 8/S<br>C C.<br>P' ,, T ... . /<br>..................... I.p ..... \ S'/..........................<br>D<br>.___<br>0 N' N Quantity 0<br><!-- End of picture text -->
- 48 -

The factors that determine the incidence of transport costs are illustrated in Figure 1 (panel a) which depicts a situation in which the delivered supply schedule (SS) for an exportable is completely inelastic with regard to price. In the absence of freight costs, quantity ON would be consumed in the importing market at price OP. Assuming that shipping costs of T per unit are introduced it is clear that they would not influence the market clearing price. Any attempt by exporters to add these charges to delivered prices, necessitating an increase from OP to OC, would be frustrated by a shortfall of demand relative to supply. As a result, excess supply would force the market clearing price back to OP, where the f.o.b. price received by exporters is OP'. Thus, in a situation where export supply is perfectly inelastic, the exporter bears the entire burden of freight costs.

Panel b illustrates a situation where an inelastic demand curve for an exportable combines with a less than perfectly inelastic supply schedule. In the absence of freight costs, quantity ON would clear the market at price OP. However, if freight costs of T per unit are introduced, supply shifts leftward by an amount equal to the transport charge. Thus, SS represents the f.o.b. supply curve, while S'S' is the delivered c.i.f. schedule. In equilibrium, the market is cleared at the same quantity (ON), but at a higher price OC with the increase (i.e. freight costs) born by consumers. Therefore, when demand is perfectly inelastic the supply schedule does not influence who bears freight costs. In this situation, consumers in the importing market bear the full brunt of transport costs or any changes in these charges.

In practice, completely inelastic demand or supply schedules are seldom observed, and these limiting situations are employed solely to indicate tendencies for freight costs to fall on exports or imports. In normal situations, the actual incidence of transport costs on buyers or sellers is determined by respective elasticities of demand or supply. When supply is
- 49 -

relatively inelastic (what is likely to be a normal situation for many Caribbean products in the short run) the exporter bears the major part of the freight bill and the price he receives falls below the "zero transport cost" price by approximately the full extent of shipping costs. It also follows that the fall in quantity traded below that exchanged in the absence of transport cost is determined by supply. When supply is inelastic, the quantity reduction due to freight cost is small; however, the revenue loss to the exporter may be considerable.

With a less than perfectly inelastic supply, any reduction in the elasticity of demand shifts some of the transport burden to the importer. When demand and supply schedules have equal elasticities, shipping costs are shared equally by buyers and sellers. As demand grows progressively less elastic, the share of freight costs born by the buyer rises, with the elasticity of demand determing the extent to which quantity exchanged falls below that traded in the absence of freight charges. The key point to note is that the Caribbean countries are generally relatively small suppliers (as measured by world traae) of the products they export so the dem4nd,for these items should be ouite elastic. As Figure 8 shows the more elastic the demand, with any given supply schedule, the greater will be the incidence of transport costs (or any changes in these costs) on Caribbean exporters.
- 50 -

# APPENDIX

Detailed Statistics on the Transport Costs for Caribbean Countries' Exports to the United States
- 51 -

# Appendix Tables 1 - 15 Explanatory Notes

The statistics shown in Appendix Tables 1 through 15 are the basic data on trade, transport costs and tariffs which are summarized in the main body of this report. These data are presented in the following consistent format for each of the individual Caribbean countries: Columns 1 and 2. Show a number ("OBS") assigned to the specific product as well as the official United States TSUSA numeric code for the item. Each assigned number (OBS) is repeated in the lower half of the table and is followed by a verbal description of the specific product. Products whose total value of U.S. exports did not total $10,000 in 1986 have generally been excluded from these tabulations. Anguilla is an exception with all exports shown.

Column 3. Shows the actual values of each TSUSA product's shipments to the United States. In some cases, like used construction machinery, the items may be re-exports to the U.S.

Columns 4 through 6. Show detailed data on the Caribbean country's nominal transport costs for exports to the U.S. Column 4 shows the "total" rate for each product which represents the weighted average of that portion of shipments by air and by vessel. Column 5 shows the nominal freighL rate for vessel shipments while column 6 provides similar information for air freight. If zeros are reported in either columns 5 or 6 this indicates that type of transport mode was not used for the specific TSUSA product. 1/ Equation (1) has been used to calculate the nominal freight rates.

Column 7. Shows the "applied" tariff actually facing the specific Caribbean country for exports of the given TSUSA item to the United States. Since it is computed from the ratio of all duties collected on the product to the total value of imports (with the ratio then multiplied by 100) it represents the weighted average of the most-favored-nation or any special preference rate actually applied.

Columns 8 through 10. Shows average nominal tranport rates for all other exporters to the United States excluding Mexico and Canada. 2/ These

- 1/ There are a few cases in Tables 1 through 15 where the total average transport rate falls outside the range of the air and vessel rates. This is generally the result of a product being transported partly by air and partly by vessel. In this case, the total transport rate would be reflected in column 4, but not in columns 5 or 6. Second, in some cases customs vouchers have been incorrectly completed (or damaged) so it was not possible to identify the transport mode. In these cases, the transport rate is also only reflected in column 4.

- 2/ Mexico and Canada have been excluded since many of their exports to the U.S. pass directly over the border and do not bear international transport costs.
- 52 -

data correspond to columns 4 through e which provide similar information for the Caribbean country.

Column 11. Shows the average applied tariff on all "other" exporters' (excluding Canada and Mexico) shipments to the United States. These figures correspond to entries in column 7 which show applied tariffs for the specific Caribbean country. 3/ Column 12. Shows the share of the specific TSUSA product in the total 1986 exports of the Caribbean country.

- 3/ Special Caribbean preferences or the heavy reliance of the United States on "ospecific" tariffs (i.e., duties expressed as a fixed charge per unit of import) are often repsonsible for some of the wide differences in tariff rates shown in columns 7 and 11. For example, if the unit value of a Caribbean country's exports is lower than the average for its competitors a specific tariff would result in a higher applied tariff rate (nominal equivalent) for the Caribbean country.
-53 -

# APPENDIX TABLE I

# ANGUILLA's TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||||||ANGUILLA||||"OTHERS"|<br>SHAFE I N|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||U.S.|ANGUILLA|NOMINAL FR|EIGHT RATE|TARIFF|"OTHER|S" NOMINAL FR|EIGHT RATE|TARIFF|ANGlUILLA'S|
|osS|<br>TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(S|) TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|1|2747040|3,700|4.68|0.00|4.68|0.00|5.36|5.40|5.37|1.68|4.140|
|2|3190500|11,457|4.58|4.58|0.00|7.20|14.69|5.47|31.26|7.41|12.818|
|3|3253954|610|10.00|0.00|10.00|13.61|5.50|3.16|6.05|13.60|0.e82|
|4|3313954|<br>1,172|9.98|0.00|9.98|14.93|6.51|3.22|7.19|14.90|1.511|
|5|3662860|349|11"75|0.00|11.75|11.17|7.68|7.43|29.05|11.54|0.390|
|6|3664700|9,355|11.74|0.00|11.74|7.60|6.39|6.10|12.69|8.12|10.466|
|7|3667930|12,494|11.73|0.00|11.73|8.50|10.4'|8.38|27.24|8.69|13.918|
|8|3668400|1,647|11.72|0.00|11.72|2.49|8.10|7.29|12.13|3.95|1.843|
|9|3721540|1,566|11.75|0.00|11.75|12.77|7.35|1.92|9.35|12.86|1.752|
|10|3843497|5,271|10.40|0.00|10.40|10.21|7.39|3.31|13.27|_10.52_|5.897|
|11|3845299|310|11.61|0.00|11.61|9.35|7.31|5.01|14.88|9.61|0.347|
|_12_|5311140|1,237|36.05|36.05|0.00|3.64|21.75|20.90|43.23|3.65|1.384|
|13|6496500|1,174|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|6.35|6.76|5.92|0.00|1.313|
|14|6533740|9,000|1.91|0.00|1.91|6.20|8.37|7.99|21.69|0.57|10.069|
|15|6859059|10,040|3.82|0.00|3.82|5.70|4.90|2.48|5,55|4.58|11.233|
|16|8000035|20,000|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|2.53|4.65|1.97|0.00|22.376|

# 5BS DESCRIPTION

I Photographs, engravings, etchings, llthographs, **wood** cuts, stenciled matter nes, bound or not bound 2 Hand loomed fabrics, wholly of cotton, of numbers 35-49 3 Sateens or twoi s, wholly of cotton, 5.9 oz or **less,** fancy or figured, not of different colors, napped, of no. 30-39 4 Sateens or twills, chiefly ot cotton, 5.9 oz or less, fancy or figured, not of different colors, napped, of no. 30-39 5 Cotton dish towels, not jacquard-figured and not ornamented 6 Tablecloths and napkins, of cotton, not hand block printed, except plain woven, nos 7 Cotton furnishings, not *Isewhere specified, other than plain woven, not ornamented 8 Other furnishings of vegetable fiber except cotton, not ornamnted nes 9 Cotton muftiers,scarves,shawls,and vei Is,h_cmd,not knit,not lace,nst,or ornamented 10 Women's, girls', or Infants' wearing apparel, knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 11 Women's, girls', or Infants' wearing apparel, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 12 Refractory and heat-insulating mortars, raming sixes and castables of other than clay 13 Knives, cutting blades for agricultural or horticultural, not elsewhere specified, and for shoe machinery 14 Illuminating articles not elsewhere specified, electric of brass 15 PrInted circuit boards, other than with a plastic Impregnated glass base 16 U.S. products returned after export without being advanced in value or Improved In condition abroad, nas
-54 -

APPENDIX T481,E 2

# ANTIGUAIs TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.<br>|ANTIGUAN<br>|OMINALFREI<br>|GHT RATE|ANTIGUA<br>TARIFF<br>|"OTHERS,<br>|NOMINAL FRE<br>|<br>IGHT RATE<br>|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHAREIN<br>ANTIGUA'S<br>|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OES|TSUSA|IMPORTS(M)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR,|RATE|EXPORTS|
|I|1103570|<br>285,287|16.19|0.00|16,19|0.20|20.40|12.85|20.75|0.17|2.419|
|2|1144585|31,587|22.52|22.52|0.00|0.00|10.12|10.10|22.12|0.00|0.268<br>|
|3|1213000|<br>138,631|4.18|4.01|14.08|5.90|5.05|3.01|7.23|3.75<br>|1.176|
|4|1215600|139,414|1.52|0.00|1.52|0.00|2.11|6.25|2.09|3.11|1.182|
|5|1216105|1.273,114|<br>3.78|3.78|0.00|5.00|3.91|3.27|12.15|0.93|10.796<br>|
|6|1216112|125,865|9.26|0.00|9.26|5.00|5.17<br>|3.84<br>|10.20|3.60<br>|1.050|
|7|1216138|113,750|2.5i|2.57|0.00|5.00|6.73|5.68|9.36|4.36|0.965|
|8|1216500|742.600|3.90|3.81|27.59|2.90|3.94|2.96|5.41|2.70|6.297|
|9|1270100|18,195|13.77|13.77|0.00|0.00|5.26|8.27|2.29|0.00|0.154|
|10|1359000|50,75,|56.86|56.86|0.00|0.00|50.01|52.25|47.21|1.45<br>|0.261<br>|
|11|1481700|<br>10.435|24.05|119.70|0.00|0.00|62.36|62.72|51.50<br>|<br>7.17<br>|0.088<br>|
|12|1482200|15,736|11.83|11.83|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|70.03<br>|0.00<br>|70.03|0.00<br>|0.133<br>|
|13|1483200|61,141|32.45<br>|32.45<br>|0.00<br>|13.80<br>|46.15<br>|46.59<br>|35.91<br>|<br>15.43<br>|0.518<br>|
|14|1571005|415,027|12.79|12.79|0.00|0.00|9.74|9.62<br>|26.67<br>|6.00<br>|3.520|
|15|1571010|121,955|12.41|12.41<br>|0.00<br>|0.00|11.53<br>|11.51<br>|34.40<br>|5.02<br>|1.034<br>|
|16|1651500|32,787|17.41|17.41|0.00|0.00|10.45|10.93|195.06|0.00|0.278|
|I7|1653650|302,671|12.45|12.45|0.00|26.92|15.38|15.47|41.65<br>|34.31<br>|2.567<br>|
|18|1654060|30,604|30.71|30.71<br>|0.00<br>|52.41<br>|20.18<br>|19.37<br>|83.93<br>|36.56<br>|0.260<br>|
|19|1673060|19,070|17.78|17.78|0.00|7.49|15.78<br>|15.61<br>|24.87<br>|5.32<br>|0.162<br>|
|20<br>|2020320<br>|19.322<br>|27.31<br>|27.31<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|25.37<br>|25.37<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|0.164<br>|
|21|2020340|13,922|23.85|23.85|0.00|0.00|2.21|15.53|22.58|0.28|0.118|
|22|2023305|17,785|16.74|16.74|0.00|0.00|39.78|39.78|0.00|0.00<br>|0.151<br>|
|23|3022026|31,631|9.97|9.97|0.00|8.90|6.25|6.09<br>|152.70<br>|8.56<br>|0.268<br>|
|24|3633039|61,710|11.23|11.00|11.73|7.90|5.72<br>|5.23<br>|8.05<br>|7.95<br>|0.523<br>|
|25|3633055|43.018|11.50|11.00<br>|12.12<br>|7.90<br>|5.67<br>|4.99<br>|8.40<br>|7.91<br>|0.365<br>|
|26|3762430|2,247,322|2.10|0.00|2.10|32.00|3.45|2.57|4.29|31.99|19.058|

OBS OESCRIPTION I FIsh nes, whole or partially processed, fresh or chilled _2_ Squid, not frosh, chilled or frozen, prepared or preserved 3 Calf and kp) upper leather 4 Reptilian lsother, vogetable-tanned, not fancy, In the rough 5 tovIinl **e** a<sup>4</sup> her, vegetable-tanned, not fancy, upper, spIlt, grain 6 sowvine leather nos, vegetable-tanned, not fancy. upper 7 EBovIne leather nspt, vegitable-tanned, not fancy 8 Fancy leathor nspf

- 9 Gross **seeds** and other forage crop seeds nos

10 Cucumers, fresh or chilled, not reduced In **sIze,** It **entered** decembr I to last day of february, Inclusive 11 Cantaloupes, fresh, If entered other then soptemr I to may 31, and other than december I to march 51, Inclusive 12 Ogen and gal0i melons, fresh, If entered other than dec_er 1, In any year, to may 31, Inclusive

- 13 Fresh melons nes, It **entered** other than decembr 1, In any yeor, to may 31, inclusive

- 14 Candy, and other confectionery, nspf, not containing cocoa or chocolate, put up for retall sale 15 Candy, and other eonfeetionary, nspt, not containing cocoa or chocolate,not put up for retail sale

- 16 Apple or poor Juice, not mined, concentrated or not concentrated, not over I pWecent ethyl<sup>alcohol</sup>

- 17 Leon juice, not mIxed end not containing over 1,0 pere nt of ethyl alcohol by volum, concentrated

- 18 Grape Juice, concentrated, not frozen, not mixed, end not contaIning over I percent ethyl<sup>alcohol</sup>

19. Still wInes nspt, produced from grapos containing 14S ok less of alcohol in containers holding not<sup>over I gal.,</sup> 20 Spruce lumber, rough (not Including siding, molding, and hardwood flooring) v alued ov

- 21 Spruce lumber, dresed or worked (not including siding, molding, and hardwood flooring)

- 22 Balsa lumbr, **hordwod,** dressd or worked

- 23 Yarn, wholly of cotton, bleached, mercerized, or colored, combed, singles, of nuars 20-29 24 Cotton sheets, cr4d and printed not naoppe or orno_nted

- 25 Cotton pillow cases, comd, not "oped or orn_anted

26 Brassieres of man-ade ftbers.iace,neotor ornamnted
-55-

I

# APPENDIX TABLE 2 (Contlnuedl

ANTIGUA's TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO<sup>THE UNITED STATES IN 1986</sup>

|||U.S.|ANTIGUA N|OMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|ANTIGUA<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|**'OTrHERS"**<br>TARIFF|<br>SHARE IN<br>ANTIGUA'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OaS|TSUSA|**IMPMRTS(S)**|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|27|3762830|223,214|1.74|0.00|1.74|18.00|3.97|2.64|5.82|18.00|1.893|
|_28_|3780550|<br>425,649|4.50|0.00|4.48|28.34|4.72|3.35|5,25|28.30|3.610|
|29|3780553|<br>912,863|2.69|0.00|2.69|29.17|5.53|3.89|7.27|28.71|7,741|
|<br>30|3780576|<br>49,839|2.24|0.00|2.24|28.30|5.45|4.65|5.88|28.76|0.423|
|<br>31|3780577|<br> <br>19,160|1.14|0.00|1.14|0,00|6.34|1.75|6.45|28.30|0.162|
|32|3786030|311,224|2.18|0.00|2.18|24.01|6.39|5.59|8.34|24.68|2.639|
|33|3816240|<br>21.800|8.30|0.00|8.30|16.50|6.27|3.19|17.10|16.49|0.185|
|34|3840920|19,772|5.64|0.00|5.84|20.00|7.10|4.60|15.29|21.31|<br>0.168|
|35|3842525|<br>11,449|4.03|0.00|4.03|28.30|6.04|3.43|9.08|28.56|0,097|
|36|3842815|<br>26,322|8.04|0.00|8.04|21.00|10.73|3.76|16.67|20.96|0.223|
|37|3842850|<br>20,0599|16.90|0.00|16.90|21.00|9.27|4.70|12.19|20.93|0.170|
|38|3842935|<br>21,424|8.33|0.00|8.33|21.00|11.27|6.00|15.03|21.00|0.182|
|39|3843029|<br>16,295|4.76|0.00|4.76|17.30|8,62|3.75|12.86|17.26|0.138|
|40|3843035|78,412|16.81|0.00|16.81|17.30|10.70|3.45|14.79|17.28|0.665|
|41|3843410|<br>39,713|11.54|0.00|11.54|10.20|7.68|5.35|19.05|10.53|0.337|
|42|3843441|72,129|17.24|0.00|17.24|10.20|15.09|5.80|16.85|9.54|0.612|
|43|3844735|21,289|4.96|0.00|4.96|16.50|6.00|4.36|22.04|16.50|0.181|
|44|3845222|<br>11.080|10.20|0.00|10.20|9.40|12.23|4.98|19.69|9.38|0.094|
|45|<br>3848012|12,816|0.00|0.00|0.00|34.10|12.27|5.26|22.21|34.88|0.109|
|46|3848634|10,234|10.31|0.00|10.31|22.16|7.89|4.00|21.39|22.99|0.087|
|47|3849435|<br>12,055|6.36|0.00|6.36|19.01|6.28|3.69|16.63|19.64|0.102|
|48|3849440|19.011|3.96|0.00|3.96|18.93|7.28|3.85|13.97|19.42|0.161|
|<br>49|<br>4285800|<br>224,791|<br>11.00|11.00|0.00|0.00|7.71|7.41|23.26|0.68|1.906|
|50|4299560|<br>22.440|9.28|0.00|9.28|0.00|2.74|2.55|4.18|3.86|0.190|
|<br>SI|<br>4805000|313,336|1.43|1.43|0.00|0.00|18.98|'8.99|0.00|0.00|2.657|
|52|5111100|10,332|14.52|14.52|0.00|0.00|24.86|26.46|0.68|0.16|0.O08|

BSC DESCRIPTION 27 Brassieres of man-made fibers,not ornamented 28 Womn's, girls' and infants' cotton lace, net, or knit underwear, ornamented 29 Women's, girls', and Infants' lace, net, or knit underwear of man-made fibers, ornamented **30** Womn s, girls', and Infants' underwear of man-mode fibers, ornamented, not **lace,** net, or knit 31 Won's, girls', and infants' ornamented underwear n.s.p.f. of textile materials n.s.p.f., containing 70 percent or more o 32 Women's, girls', and infants' knit underwear of man-made fibers, not lace, net, or ornamented 33 Men's cotton trousers ano slacks nspf, not knit, not ornamented 34 Womn's, girls', or infants' cotton dressing gowns, bath and beach robes, and similar apparel, not knit, ornamented, lace 35 Womn's, girls, or Infants' pajamas and other nightuear of man-made fibers, not knit, ornamented, lace or **net**

- **36** Woman's blouses, knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 37 Women s cotton knit sweaters, not ornamented

- 38 Cotton knit sweatshirts for womn and girls, not ornamented 39 Cotton knit jogging, warm-up ana similar athletic trousers and slacks for women and girls, not ornamented 40 **Women's** other cotton knit trous rs and slacks, not ornamented

- 41 **nomens, girls',** or Infants' cotton knit dressing gowns, both and beach robes, and **sllIlar** apparel, not ornamented

- 42 **Cotton knit tops,** not ornamented, for wmn and girls

- 43 Womn's cotton corduroy trousers **and** slacks, not knit, not **ornamented** 44 **mn** s **coveerall,** overalls, **Jumpsuits,** and similar apParel, **whether** or not known **as** playsults, not **knit,** of cotton, not or

- 45 **Women's** blouses, knit, of man-cade **fibers,** not ornamented<sup>nspf</sup> 46 Womn s, girls, or Infants' **pajamas** and other nightwoer nspf, knit, of man-made **fibers,** not ornamented 47 **Womn's,** girls', or Infants' dressing gowns, both and beach robes, and similar apparel of **man-usade** fibers, not knit, not o **48** wen's, girls', or Infants' pajamas and other nightweoar of man-made fibers, not knit, not ornamnted

- 49 Ethyl acetate

- 50 Organo-tin compounds other than 4 outvitin oxide and tetrabutyitin oxide St Potassium chloride or **mur ate o' gotash** 52 **Cemnt,** white nonstalning **P** **_'o^'d_**
^56APPENDIX TA8LE 2 (Continued)

# ANTIGUA's TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||||||ANTIGUA||||'OTHERS"s|<br>SHARE IN|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||U.S,<br>|ANTIGUA N<br>|OMINAL FREI<br>|GHT RATE|TARIFF|"OTHERS|HNOMINALFREI|G\T RATE|TARIFF|ANTIGUAIS|
|itS|TSUSA|IMIORTSC1)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|53|5131100<br>|151,389|14.47|14.47|0.00|0.00|79.30|88.87|24.60|0.52|i.284|
|54<br>|5131400<br>|89,487|15.42|15.42|0.00|0.00|22.84|23.10|20.55|0.00|0.759|
|55|5463800|10.517|21.95|21.95|0.00|12.50|13.66|13.82|21.18|12.58|0.089|
|56|6126205|38,689|8.88|8.88|0.00|0.00|_11.25_|11.56|0.00|<br>1.91|_0.328_|
|57|6126290|39,635|6.15|6.15|0.00|0.00|9.97|10.09|6.74|1.08|0.336|
|58|6181540|30,516|5.71|5.71|0.00|0.00|3.09|3.01|19.80|2.39|0.259|
|59|6181700|27,774|8.62|8.62|0.00|0.00|6.55|6.34|18.40|<br>1.69|0.236|
|60|6182563|66,181|8.31|8.31|0.00|1.04|6.71|6.31|30.46|2.61|0.561|
|61|6820520|31.800|6.01|0.00|6.01|0.00|6.12|3.21|9.13|3.34|0.270|
|62|6820720|37,506|4.57|4.57|0.00|0.00|6.98|4.17|12.54|2.02|0.318|
|63|6826050|19,911|3.03|0.00|3.03|1.79|4.43|1.91|8.52|3.48|0.169|
|64|6826052|59,479|5.08|0.00|5.14|0.00|4.92|3.35|5.77|3.04|0.504|
|65|6826056|58.352|4.90|3.35|6.68|1.52|7.96|4.93|15.32|2.53|0.495|
|66<br>|6826064<br>|229,416|2.24|0.00|2.24|1.86|4.14|2.81|6.85|3.50|1.945|
|67<br>|6859045<br>|24.022|5,93|5.93|0.00|0.00|5.59|4.50|6.77|7,42|0.204|
|68<br>|6859053<br>|10,574|1.04|0.00|1.04|5.92|3.76|2.61|3,96|5.37|0.090|
|69<br>|6862400<br>|20,437<br>|1.31|1.31|0.00|0.00|448|3.17|4,86|2.66|0.173|
|70<br>|7060700<br>|21,908<br>|17.75|0.00|17.75|10.00|7.40|5.37|15.08|9.99|0.186|
|71<br>|7309525<br>|60,091<br>|7.60|7.60|0.00|5.90|5.26|5.28|4.24|1.19|0.510|
|72|7903000|13,188|7.60|7.60|0.00|0.00|7,77|7.66|7.88|3.63|0.112|
|73|7916000|19,368|2.62|2.62|0.00|0.00|6.85|2.98|0.24|2.03|0.164|
|74|8000035|1.166,085|3,06|2.88|3.69|0.00|2.53|4.65|1.97|0.00|9.889|
|0BS|DESCRIP|TION||||||||||
|53|Sand cont|aining<br>95S|or more sil|ica<br>by weig|ht,<br>not|over 0.61 ox|ide of iron|||||
|54|Sand, cru<br>|de or manuf<br> <br>|actured,<br>n<br>|os,andgrav<br>|el<br>|||||||
|55<br>|Glassware<br>|,<br>nes, press<br> <br>|edandto|ughened (tam|pered),<br>c|hiOfly<br>used|for prepa|ring,serving,|<br>or storin|g<br>food o|r beverages|
|56<br>57|Low fusin<br>8rass rod|g<br>brazing<br>ro<br>s,<br>wrought,|asofwro<br>ecept<br>lo|ught brass<br>w fuming||||||||

- 58 Wrought _alu 'num_ rods 0.375 inch in diameter and over 59 Wrought aluminum angles, shapes and sections

- 60 Sheets and strip nspf, aluminum, not clad 61 Transformers rated at less than 40 va

62 Transformers not less than I not over **So** kva 63 Rectifiers and rectifying apparatus 64 CoIlS and inductors 65 Parts of transformers, 66 Electrical generating 67 Junction wOxes 68 Connctors,prInted circuIt 69 AutomatIc

- Parts of transformers, nspf

Electrical generating equipment and parts. nspf AutomatIc voltage, and voltagecurrent regulators nes, a parts Leoter handbags valued not over S20 eech,not of reptile leather CartrIdge. and empty cartridge shells containing proj4etile for .22 calibr 70 Leoter handbags valued not over S20 eech,not of reptile leather 71 CartrIdge. and empty cartridge shells containing proj4etile for .22 calibr 72 Nlarnepsu sadidl", and saddlery, and parts of 73 Leather **appWrel** _bIltS,_ wIth or without buCkleS 74 U,S. products returned after *xport wIthout being advanced In value or Improved In Condition abroad, **nes**
- 57 -

# APPENDIX TAGLE 3

# BAANAS TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

||<br>TSUS|U.S.<br>|BAHAMA<br> <br>|S<br>NOMINAL<br>FRE<br>|IGHT RATE<br> <br>|BAHAMAS<br>TARIFF<br>|<br>"OTHER|S"<br>NOMlNAL<br>FR<br>|EIGHT RATE|"OTHERS<br> <br>TARIFF|t SNARE IN<br> <br>8AHAMAS'|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|08s|<br>|lfmORTS(|M TOTAL|VESSE|<br>AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|<br>EXPORTS|
|1<br>2|1103570<br>|<br>77,149<br> <br>|4.81<br>|5.13<br>|3.41<br>|0.04<br>|20.40<br>|13.16|20,72|0.17|0.018|
|<br>3|110357<br>114300|<br>23,996<br> <br>|8.57<br>|8.57<br>|0.00<br>|0.06<br>|12.02<br>|11.90<br>|20.13|0.22|0.005|
|<br>4|<br>1144512|<br>193.38<br> <br>23000|0.70<br>771|0.70<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|5.02<br>|3.61<br>|20.43<br>|0.00<br>|0.044|
|<br>5|<br>1144520|<br>.<br> <br>27|.<br>|0.00<br>|7.71<br>|0.00<br>|5.16<br>|4.17<br>|6.20<br>|0.00|0.005|
|<br>6|<br>1144525|<br>3,350<br>|7.25<br>|0.00<br>|7.25<br>|0.00<br>|5.69<br>|2.24<br>|6.73<br>|0.00|0.054|
|<br>7|<br>1144530|7,444,956<br>8766098|3.52<br>2|3.04<br>|6.20<br>|0.00<br>|_2.82_<br>|2,48<br>|4.89<br>|0.00<br>|1.692|
|<br>8|<br>114445|,,<br>96204|.16<br>|1.35<br>|5.29<br>|0.00<br>|3.30<br>|2,86<br>|7.10<br>|0.00|1.992|
|<br>9|<br>|,<br>|6.46<br>|0.00<br>|6.46<br>|0.00<br>|4.15<br>|3.87<br>|7.60|0.00|0.022|
|<br>10|114459<br> 1144598|856,899<br>1236640|1.39<br>067|1.14<br>|13.52<br>|0.00<br>|7.00<br>|6.07<br>|13.89<br>|0.00<br>|0.195|
|<br>'I|<br>1359000|,,<br> <br>199542|.<br>1502|0.67<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|5.63<br>|4.99<br>|25.29<br>|0.00<br>|0.281|
|<br>12|<br>1371020|<br>,<br> <br>66450|.<br>77|15.02<br>|0.00<br>|5.23<br>|55.36<br>|60.03<br>|47.21<br>|0.86<br>|0.045|
|<br>13|<br>1471500|<br>,<br> <br>82260|.0<br>|7.70<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|40.93<br>|28.61<br>|44.05<br>|1.47|0.0ts|
|<br>14|<br>1471700|<br>,<br> <br>151710|12.10<br> 1755|12.10<br>17|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|20.75<br>|20.75<br>|0.00<br>|1.28<br>|0.019<br>|
|<br>15|<br>1471900|<br>.<br> <br>261570|.<br>1840|.55<br>|0.00<br>|2.13<br>|17.10<br>|17.09<br>|21.00<br>|0.16|0,034<br>|
|<br>16|<br>1472200|<br>,<br> <br>186110|.<br>21|18.40<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|50.67<br>|48.03<br>|16.16<br>|_6.M_|0.059|
|<br>17|<br>1486000|<br>,<br> <br>156862|3.0<br>2715|23.10<br>21|0.00<br>|1,35<br>|45.23<br>|38.18<br>|63.08<br>|1.64<br>|0.042<br>|
|<br>18|<br>1662000|<br>,<br>11479|.<br>|7.3<br>|24.42<br>|0.35<br>|17.84<br>|9.88|20.03<br>|1.12|0.036|
|<br>19|<br>1664020|,<br>85731|13.64<br>762|13.64<br>|0.00<br>|0,00<br>|21.94<br>|21.73<br>|0.00<br>|0.23<br>|0.003|
|<br>_20_|<br>189600|,<br>151455|.<br>384|7.62<br>466|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|18.66<br>|18.30<br>|93.51<br>|0.25<br>|0.019|
|<br>_21_|<br>1691300|,<br>|.<br>|.<br>|0.00<br>|1.26<br>|7.06<br>|7.04<br>|11.57<br>|1.56|0.034|
|<br>22|<br>|162.672<br> <br>|5.76<br>|3.94<br>|0.00<br>|10.07<br>|8.40<br>|8.86<br>|35.48|6.78|0.037|
|<br>|1908500<br>|<br>67.750<br>|3.78<br>|3,78<br>|0,00<br>|0.00<br>|6.52<br>|6.43<br>|6.53|0.43|0.015|
|23<br>24|2001000<br>2544620|56,000<br>21680|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|0.00<br>|3.85<br>|3.85<br>|0.00<br>|0.00|0,013|
|<br>25|<br>2702580|,<br>4|11.40<br>|11.40<br>|0.00<br>|3.00<br>|13.29<br>|13.23<br>|88.12<br>|3.00|0.005|
|<br>|<br>|0,876<br>|5.00<br>|5.00<br>|0.00<br>|0.00|6.15|4.74|12.22|0.00|0.009|
|26|3354040|11,947|18.16|18.16|0.00|0.00|19.12|19.11|0.00|0.00|0.003|

aos OESRIPTION I Fish nes, whole or partially processed, _fresh_ or chilled 2 Fish nes, whole or partially processed, frozen 3 Cracs, fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or preserved, Including pastes and sauces 4 Conch, fresh, chilled, frozen, prepared or preserved

- 5 Lobsters, lIve

- 6 RoCk lobster tails, fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or preserved (Including pastes and sauces) 7 Lobsters nes, fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or preserved. Including pastes and sauces

- 8 Shrimp, shell-on. fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepare4 or presrved (Including pastes and sauces) 9 Shellfish nspf, fresh, chilled or frozen, prepared or preserved, Including pastes and sauces

- 10 Shellfish **nes,** fresh, chilled, frozen, prepared or preserved 11 Cucumbers, fresh or chilled, not reduced In **sIze,** If entored **decembr** I to last day of f ebruary, Inclusive 12 Peppers nspf, fresh, chilled, or frozen, **etc.**

- 13 Grapefruit, fresh, If entered november I to July 31, inclusive

- 14 Grapefruit, prepared or prsrved, If entered november I to july 31, inclusive

- 15 Lmons, fresh

- 16 Lims, fresh or In _brine_

- I? Papayas, fresh 1 Ginger ***ae,** ginger beer, lemonade, and soe water, under 0.5 peren"t _ethyl_ alcohol

- 19 Carbonated soft drinks 20 Cordials, qAueurs, kirsohwassor, and ratafla, In containers not over I gallon

- 21 Rum (Including cOno paraguaya) In containers oach holding not over I gallon

- 22 Marine sponges, grass, **velvet** or yellow

- 23 Wood wast.

- 24 Clay coated printing paper, not lithographically printed, Impregnated, coated, or both, not otherwise treated

- 25 hos n tspf

- 26 Woven fabric, wholly of jute, not bleached, not colored, and not flame resistant, over 100 inches In width
- 58 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 3 (Continued)

BAHAMAS TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO TIE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|BAHAMAS|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RArE|BAHAMAS<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FR|EiGHT RATE|-OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHAFE IN<br> <br>BAHAMAS#|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|oas|TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(S|) TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|27|4121400|1,358,408|<br>0.31|0.00|0.31|6.75|2.40|2.55|1.92|8.89|0.309|
|28|4122250|134065280|<br>0.16|0.10|0.33|0.18|1.39|1.63|1.29|6.51|30.461|
|29|4124200|<br>39,678|<br>0.33|0.00|0.33|7.70|0.10|0.00|0.10|7.86|0.009|
|30|4127000|<br>666,022|<br>3.06|3.13|2.91|6.90|3.67|4.11|3.63|6.90|0.151|
|31|4132800|<br>13.003|<br>5.91|5.91|0.00|13.90|4.08|3.77|5.71|11.50|<br>0,003|
|32|4172000|<br>18,810|129.40|129.40|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.004|
|33|4209400|9,797,942|51,40|51.40|0.00|0,02|48.25|48,41|5.63|0.31|<br>_2.226_|
|34|4254240|<br>'67,363|2.7:|2.71|0.00|0.60|1,87|1.85|19.12|0.70|0.038|
|35|4255290|._820,509|<br>0.64|0.64|0.00|7.90|4.48|4.90|2.38|7.56|2.231|
|36|4375680|3,978,378|<br>0.12|0.00|0.12|2.10|1.68|1.03|1.69|5.45|0.904|
|37|4375760|<br>773,061|<br>0.80|0.00|0.80|3.45|0.47|0.00|0.47|3.40|<br>0.176|
|38|4613500|<br>133,431|<br>3.67|4.94|3.65|0.15|3.84|2.86|5.40|5.31|0.030|
|39|4614025|<br>657,852|1.16|1.16|0.00|0.00|7.44|4.20|13.58.|4.98|C,149|
|40|4722000|<br>855,226|131.82|131.82|0.00|0.00|27.30|29.34|15.44|0.00|0.194|
|41|4750535|184662379|<br>5.21|5.25|0.00|0.36|10.01|_10.02_|0.00|0.42|41.957|
|42|4751010|3,456.574|<br>2.47|2.47|0.00|0.52|8.17|7.68|0.00|0.69|0.785|
|43|4751015|<br>33833211|3.47|3.47|0.00|0.43|7.16|7.16|0.00|0.56|7.687|
|44|4751025|4,254.404|<br>5.19|5.19|0.00|0.52|5.93|5.99|0.00|0.67|0.967|
|45|4751035|7,446,516|<br>3.89|3.89|0.00|0.13|9.77|9.66|0.00|0.59|1.692|
|46|4752530|5,214,806|0.00|7.49|0.00|0.12|4.63|8.51|0.00|0.49|1.185|
|47|4753500|2,645,490|3.51|3.51|0.00|0.37|9.89|9.89|0.36|0.58|0.601|
|48|5111440|973,589|46.90|46.90|0.00|0.00|24.57|24.55|0.52|0.00|0.221|
|49|5122100|75,343|7.55|7.55|0.00|0.00|29.50|29.57|0.00|0.00|0,017|
|50|5133500|29,048|11.12|11.12|0.00|0.00|86.44|86.44|0.00|0.00|0.007|
|il|5133600|211,842|10.55|10.55|0.00|0.00|10.69|10.23|62.87|0.01|0.048|
|52|5141100|94,320|37.14|37.14|0.00|0.00|56.14|57.49|5.94|0.00|0.021|

dBS DESCRIPTION

- 27 Dermatological agents and local anesthetics

- 28 Analgesics, antipyretics, and nanhormonal antl-lnflaeaitory agents nspf

- 29 O.Sonide;dienestrol;eplnephrinf;epinephrine hydrOChlorido;and other specified hormones,synthetic substitutes,and antagonis

- 30 Products sultable for drug use.nes,nspf

- 31 AromatIc compounds,including flavor,not marketable as cosmetics or perfumery,nspf,ln the chemical appendix to the tariff s

- 32 Ammonla, aqua

- 33 Sodium chlorlde or salt, In bulk

- 34 Nitriles other than malononitrile

- 35 Nitrogenous compounds other than those in tsus(a) Items 425.0000-425.5280

- 36 Adrenocortical hormones,synthetic nes

- 37 Synthetic steriod hormones nspf

- 38 Perfumes, colognes, and toilet water, containing olcohol

- 39 Cosetic creams,lotlons,oils,etc,not contalning alcohol

- 40 Natural chalk, crude

- 41 Fuel oil under 25 degrees api, saybolt viscosity at 100 degrees fahenhelt of **more** than 125 seconds

- 42 Crude petroleum, shale oil Including reconstituted testing 25 degree api and over

- 43 Fuel oil 25 degrees or more api. saybolt at 100 degrees fahenheit of less than 45 seconds

- 44 Fuel oil 25 degrees or more api, saybolt viscosity at 100 degrees fahenheit of 45-125 seconds

- 45 Fuel oil 25 degrees or or apI. sayColt viscosity at 100 degrees fahenneit over 125 seconds

- 46 Jet fuel, naphtha-type

- 47 Naphthas derlvea from petroleum, shale oIl, natural gas or combinatIons thereof, except motor fuel

- 48 Hydraulic cement,nes

- 49 Plaster rock or gypsum, not ground or calcined

- 50 Limestone chips and spalls. crushed or ground for ceernt manufacturing

- 51 Limestone chips and Spells, and crushed or ground, nes

- 52 Limestone, crude, not suitable for monument, paving or building stone
- 59 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 3 (Continued)

# BANAMAS TRANSPORT COST PROfILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1086

|||U.S.|BAHAMAS N|OMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|B AAAS<br>TARIFF|,OTHERS,|,NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS'<br> <br>TARIFF|SHAREIN<br>BAHAMAS*|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|rsUSA|IMPORTS(s)|TOTAL|vESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|<br>RATE|EXPORTS|
|53|5205300|150.000|<br>0.20|0.00|0.20|0.00|0.45|0.48|0.46|0.00|0.034|
|54|5238180|879,378|67.19|67.19|0.00|0.00|19.02|19.12|'5.50|0.00|0.200|
|55|5462040|66,811|4.43|4.51|3.77|6.32|5.24|4.59|6.74|7.21|0.015|
|56|6060900|66,325|42.91|42.91|0.00|0.00|19.54|25.70|9.89|0.00|0.015|
|57|6071700|747,987|4.58|4.58|0.00|1.90|13.38|13.47|2.52|'.92|0.170|
|58|6092200|82,394|11.50|11.50|0.00|0.00|9.88|9.26|28.36|5.69|0.019|
|59|6094125|789,233|4.07|4.07|0.00|0.00|15.93|15.31|16.00|1.50|0.179|
|60|6121020|110,194|8.50|8.50|0.00|0.01|8.30|8.62|46.40|0.02|0.025|
|61|6121040|23,762|7.59|7.59|0.00|0.04|8.75|8.77|11.45|0.04|0.005|
|62|6181000|97,892|13.69|13.69|0.00|0.03|8.32|8.32|2.28|0.67|0,022|
|63|6182563|1,187.768|<br>4.99|4.99|0.00|0.00|6.71|6.32|30.46|2.62|0.270|
|64|6184200|177,530|4.94|4.94|0.00|0.00|8.01|7.46|47.34|4.14|0.040|
|65|6470100|16,001|0.00|0.00|0.00|3.30|6.15|4.72|29.21|2.82|0.004|
|66|6494305|41,465|2.03|2.03|0.00|8.20|3.46|1.46|9.22|6.33|0.009|
|67|6494390|14,150|1.53|1.53|0.00|8.20|5.00|2.60|6.99|6.82|0.003|
|68|6495300|32.908|2.10|0.00|2.10|8.GO|3.15|1.57|3.36|8.18|0.007|
|69|6532210|11,046|0.01|0.00|0.09|0.00|0.60|9.36|0.60|0.00|0.003|
|70|6532230|94,498|4.12|0.00|4.12|0.06|0.69|3.00|0.53|0.00|0.021|
|71|6607300|28,500|1.16|0.00|1.16|0.00|0.81|1.15|MJI|0.05|Q.006|
|72|6610900|60,000|1.97|1.97|0.00|0.00|4.30|4.27|23.46|2.85|0.014|
|73|6611018|11,000|2.44|2.44|0.00|0.00|1.79|1.41|43.24|3.53|0.002|
|74|6611074|40,929|5.34|5.34|0.00|3.50|5.34|4.04|11.83|3.22|0.009|
|75|6743469|46,888|4.33|4.33|0.00|4.40|3.95|3.78|5.00|3.65|0.011|
|76|6746035|19,555|3.57|3.57|0.00|4.90|5.14|3.39|6.84|4.13|0.004|
|77|6747080|15.700|2.13|2.13|0.00|2.80|3.69|1.58|9.07|2.63|0.004|
|78|6761530|12,000|3.00|0.00|3.00|0.00|2.80|1.30|4.47|3.32|0.003|

**09S** DESCRIPTION

- 53 Oiamonds over 1/2 carat, cut, not set, suitable for Jewelry 54 Mineral substances. crude, neS excePt lIthium ores 55 Glassware household articles,glass containing by weight over 24S lead monoxide,nspf,valued over 55 each 56 Iron or steel waste and scrap nspf; not containing chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium In amounts specified(see he 57 Wire rods of iron or st"l, not alloy, not temerec, not treated, end not partly manufactured, valued over 4 cents per pou 58 Flat wire of other than alloy iron or steel not coated, over 0.05 inch In thickness

- 59 Round wIre of other then alloy iron or steel, over 0.06 Inch in diameter, containing not over 0.25S carbon, not coated, co

- 60 Copper waste and scrap, unailoyed

- 61 Brass waste and scrap

- 62 Aluminum waste and scrap

- 63 Sheets and strip nspt. aluminum, not clad

- 64 Aluminum powders

- 65 Hinges, fittings, mountings, for motor veh;cles, of Iron, steel, aluminum, or zinc 66 End milling cuttors with cut part containing duitable alloyg 67 Cutting tools.nes,with cut part containing dutiable alloys 68 Tool tips, plates, blanks, and other forms for making tool tips, unmounted, of sintered metal carbides

- 69 Gold coins

- 70 Metal coins, other than gold

- 71 Parts for internal combustion englnes,certified for **use** In civil aircraft(sme headnote 3,part 6c.schedule 6) 72 Compressors, refrIgeration and air conditioning, 1/4 hp and under 73 Compressors, refrigeratlon and air conditioning for motor vehicles

- **74** Parts of comporessors. nspf

- 75 Milling machines nspf

- 76 Parts of pneumatic type hand-directed or -controlled tools for metal-working 77 Parts of pneumatic hand-directeo or -control led tools, nspf

- 78 Accounting and computing macnines
- 60 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 3 (Continued)

# BAHAMAS TRANSPORT COST PROFILk FOR EXPORTS To THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|BAHAMAS N|OMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|BAHAMAS<br>TARIFF|-OTHERS|$,NOMINAL FR|<br>EIGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>BAHAMAS'|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OES|TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|79|6853277|<br>136,518|<br>0.20|0.00|0.20|6.00|3.12|2,07|3.37|5.57|0.031|
|s0|6859038|<br>10,574|<br>0.37|0.00|0.37|0.00|3.79|2.55|4.68|4.62|0.002|
|el|6859058|<br>27,779|<br>2.30|0.00|2,30|5.70|3.95|0.98|4.18|5.01|0.006|
|82|6923295|<br>948.494|<br>1.77|1.77|0.00|3.20|6.68|4.73|19.70|3.09|0.216|
|83|6944120|<br>110,000|<br>0.91|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.43|4.04|3.61|0.01|0.025|
|84|6946200|<br>28,229|<br>0.26|0.00|0.26|0.00|2.02|2.31|1.96|0.00|0.006|
|85|6961058|<br>160,000|<br>0.78|0.78|.00|1.90|9.07|9.90|0.00|1.97|0.036|
|86|7003530|<br>31,347|<br>2.79|2.79|J.00|8.50|4.83|4.37|6.35|8.49|0.007|
|87|7004544|<br>177,358|<br>3.15|3,15|0.00|10.00|5.70|4.24|7.85|10.01|0.040|
|88|7125200|<br>22,000|<br>0.82|0.00|0.82|0.00|0.70|0.64|0.71|0.00|0.005|
|89|7209400|<br>63,191|66.70|66.70|0.00|7.60|4.84|2.84|9.55|7.85|0.014|
|90|7650300|<br>24,824|4.44|0.00|4.44|0.00|0.89|4.27|0.85|0.00|0.006|
|91|7721500|21,736|14.35|14.35|0.00|5.30|11.31|<br>10.90|33.79|1.92|0.005|
|92|7728000|13,120|2.58|2.58|0.00|0.00|7.38|4.27|18,44|4.81|0.003|
|93|7912700|11.835|<br>6.67|0.00|6.67|0.00|4.89|2.70|5.82|0.19|0.003|
|94|8000035|7,168,416|<br>2.09|2.15|2.46|0.00|2.53|4.66|1.97|0.00|1.629|
|95|**9999500**|158,408|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.036|

OE1S ESCRiPTION

- 79 Special radio combinations

- 80 Electrical SwitChes. nspf wIth out an automatic overload or tripping mechanism

- 81 Printeo circuit boards, plastic Impregnated glass base, with less than 3 layers of conducting materials

- 82 Parts nspt for motor vehicles

- 83 Airplanes used or rebuilt,civil aircraft

84

- Aircraft and spacecraft parts,neccerrtIfled for use in civil aircraft (see headnote 3 In tsus)

- 85 Yachts or Pleasure boats, valued over 515,000 each, sail propelled, auxiliary powered, over 31 feet<sup>In length</sup> **86** For men, soled leatnher moccasins

- 87 Women's leather cement footwear nspf, valued over $2.50 per pair **88** Electrical measuring, checking, analyzing or automatically-controliling instruments and apparatus, and parts thereof, use I

- 89 Clock parts nspf

- 90 Paintings, pastels, drawings and sketchings, executed wholly by hand, original or not

- 91 Household articles of rubber or plastic 92 Handles and knobs,of rubber or plastics

- 93 Leather, other then patent leather, cut or shaped for converslon Into uppDrs

- 94 U.S. products returned after **export** without being advanced In value or improved In condition abroad,<sup>nes</sup>

- 95 Under S251 formal and Info^mal **ntries estimated**
- 61 -

# APPENDIX TA8LE 4

# BARBADSOS TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN i986

|||U.S.|BARBADOS<br>N|<br>OMINAL FREI|GHT RArE|BARBADOS<br>TARIFF|'OTHERS"|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br> <br>TARIFF|SHARE I N<br>BARBADOS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|08S|TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|1|'009520|10,200|5.08|0.00|5.08|0.00|21.51|0.00|21.67|0.01|0.009|
|2|1101070|21,546|4.33|4.33|0.00|0.00|8.56|8.08|23.04|0.00|0.020|
|3|11045|10,187|8.60|0.00|8.60|0.00|22.20|22.23|15.05|1.31|0.009|
|4|1144545|10,594|14.70|0.00|14.70|0.00|4.15|3.87|7.60|0.00|0.010|
|5|1246560|16,781|2.46|0.00|2.46|3.20|2.48|0.00|2.49|3.41|0.015|
|6|1258400|17,572|15.59|0.00|15.59|5.79|24.92|25.90|24.70|<br>2.86|0.016|
|7|1553500|1,445,62S|1.69|10.00|0.00|0.60|12.27|12.35|0.00|0.21|1.327|
|8|1554000|34,172|25.09|27.07|0.00|0.01|24.80|24.80|0.00|0.05|0.031|
|9|1691300|70.694|5.18|5.11|0.00|0.00|8.30|7.65|35.48|7.27|0.065|
|10|1691415|1,054,406|6.96|6.96|0.00|0.20|5.91|5.92|6.53|1.22|0.968|
|11|<br>1824600|29.550|13.16|13.16|0.00|0.00|10.64|10.62|29.13|4.05|0.027|
|12|1830520|16.109|33.79|33.79|0.00|0.00|8.42|8.18|22.38|7.02|0.015|
|13|<br>2565220|104,731|5.47|5.47|0.00|2.70|12.25|8.85|43.43|3.47|0.096|
|14|2565240|21,504|4.63|5.10|0.00|0.00|17.28|10.04|57.63|2.45|0.020|
|15|2565440|19,826|9.37|7.46|43.45|0.00|13.82|10.92|31.24|2.75|0.018|
|16|2569030|10,396|22.60|0.00|22.60|0.00|12.73|9.41|31.15|3.48|0.010|
|17|2707000|10,335|27.19|0.00|27.19|0.00|14.02|7.40|32.16|0.00|0.009|
|18|2708500|22,800|19.78|0.00|19.78|0.00|10.59|5.09|19.55|0.00|0.021|
|19|2744000|36.198|0.83|0.00|0.83|0.00|1.09|2.33|1.38|0.00|0.033|
|20|2747560|16,678|0.30|0.00|0.30|0.00|4.38|3.16|8.76|0.14|0.015|
|21|3385996|10,604|35.21|0.00|35.21|18.31|8.33|2.65|12.70|18.34|0.010|
|22|3601200|177,445|1.72|0.00|0.00|5.10|5.56|4.32|7.61|5.18|0.163|
|23|3762425|3,008,677|1.49|0.00|1.49|32.00|3.25|2.96|3.55|31.74|2.762|
|24|37624!0|709.538|3.31|0.74|3.61|32.00|3.43|2.57|4.21|31.99|<br>0.651|
|25|3762825|2,120,840|1.30|0.00|1.30|18.00|3.78|2.14|7.10|17.99|1.947|
|26|3762830|1'242,472|3.03|0.75|3.30|18.00|3.99|2.65|5.91|18.00|1.141|

09S 0ESCRIPTION I Monkeys and other primates, live

- 2 Sea herring, frozen

- 3 Scaled fish nspf, whole or Partalaly processed

- 4 Shrimp, shell-on, fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or preserved (including pastes and sauces) 5 Persian lamb and caracul furskins, whole, dressed, dyed

- 6 Live plants nspf, suitable for plantIng

- 7 Sugars, sirups, and molasses, from sugar cane or sugar beets, not principally of crystallIne structure, not In dry aotrpho 8 Sugars, sirups, molasses, and mixtures from sugar cane or beets u/solublo non-sugar solids, not for suger extraction or hu 9 Rum (including cane paraguaya) in containers each holding not over 1 gallon

- 10 Rum, including cane paraguaya, In containers each holding over I gallon, valu"d over $53.50 per gallon

- 11 Sauces nes

- 12 Edible preparations nspf (Including prepared meals individually packaged 13 Sanitary food and beverage containers, not assled. of paper, paWrboard papler-mache, or combination thereof 14 Btoxes of paper, paperboard, papier-eache, or any combinotion thereof nfe, not folded, not **set** up, not otherwise assembled 15 Boxes of paper. paperboard, papier-mache., or any comlbinatlon thereof nspf

- 16 **Begs** and pecking contalners for office us

- 17 Tourist lIterature chiefly about places outside the custms territory of the united states 18 Printed catalogs, prIce lists to sell or rent foreign products 19 Postage/revenue stamps, cancelled or not, governmnt stamped enveloPe/poetal cards bearing no printing other than the off 20 Printed paper matter nspf, lithographs, not over 0.020 Inch In thickness

- 21 Spun fibers and yarn

- 22 Wol floor coverlng with pile hand-inserted or hand-knotted,valued **over** 66 2/31 per square foot 23 Cotton brassleres,lacoenet.or ornamented 24 8rassieres of man-made fibers,lace,net,or ornamented

- 25 Cotton brassleres ,not ornamented 26 Brassieres of man-made fIbers,not ornamented
- 62 -

# APPENOIX TABLE 4 (Continued)

BAt0ADOS' TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITEO STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|BAFtBADOS<br>N|<br>OMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|BARBADOS<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|NOMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|,OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE I N<br>BARBADOS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|08S|<br>TSL'SA|<br>IMPORTS(|S)TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|27|3762876|28,494|3.03|0.00|3.03|11.44|3.00|3.19|2.95|17.86|0.026|
|28|3762886|274,525|2.53|0.00|2.53|14.55|3.48|3.05|3.78|17.97|0.252|
|29|3812430|<br>29,930|0.00|0.00|0.00|36.30|8.24|5.45|26.41|36.47|0.027|
|_30_|381624O|<br> <br>27,576|2.61|0.00|2.61|16.50|6.27|3.19|17.10|16.49|0.025|
|31|3818360|14,991|1.46|0.00|1.46|23.09|4.53|2.65|6.42|22.62|0.014|
|32|3819575|18,989|<br>6.09|0.00|6.09|28.76|4.37|3.24|14.64|30.23|0.017|
|33|3840506|28,564|2.35|0.00|2.35|22.-|4.16|2.14|7.96|20.14|0.026|
|34|3840805|123,356|2.32|0.00|2.32|20.91|8.40|6.96|23.69|20.23|0.113|
|35|3840815|84,834|2.43|0.00|0.00|20.16|5.15|5.67|1.28|20.05|0.078|
|36|3840910|359,935|2.84|0.00|2.84|20.15|7.56|3.94|8.51|20,46|0.330|
|37|3840915|1,304.566|2.67|0.00|2.69|20.50|8.75|5.69|13.02|20.34|1.198|
|38|3840973|18,145|9.50|0.00|9.63|20.68|4.00|3.58|4.07|20.53|0.017|
|39|3840996|18,498|2.91|0.00|3.13|20.92|7.66|7.01|8.46|20.18|0.017|
|40|3842310|16,720|2.28|0.00|2.27|32.10|8.21|' 45|12.35|32.58|0.015|
|41|3842314|18.697|4.55|0.00|3.35|32.28|5.80|4.50|8.65|32.38|0.017|
|42|3842510|527,975|2.33|0.00|2.37|28.92|8.17|5.69|9.15|28.74|0.485|
|43|3842515|2,656,922|3.03|0.00|3.06|28.81|7.18|5.74|11.09|28.83|2.439|
|44|3842580|45.653|6.59|0.00|6.80|28,50|9.73|3.71|13.15|28.81|0.042|
|45|3842646|314,559|2.33|0.00|2.37|29.17|7.32|6.42|20.88|28.87|0.289|
|46|3842697|86,716|2.43|0.00|2.36|28.43|**7.96**|6.38|11.80|28.52|0.080|
|47|3842950|25,439|11.83|0.00|11.83|19.05|8.33|4.18|15.24|20.94|0.023|
|48|3843441|23,149|7.15|0.00|7.15|8.36|15.34|5.80|17.07|9.60|0.021|
|49|3843767|<br>20,177|7.39|0.00|7.39|8.00|7.70|5.46|10.48|7.98|0.019|
|**50**|3844609|12,342|4.60|0.00|4.60|15.12|9.65|4.20|14.42|16.46|0.011|
|il|3844725|23.329|5.32|0.00|5.32|16.04|9.49|4.30|16.67|16.48|0.021|
|52|3844765|131,741|8.57|0.00|8.57|15.88|7.68|3.77|17.36|16.48|0.121|

08S DESCRIPTION 27 Body-supporting garments n.S.P.f., **of** man-made fibers 28 Body-supporting gorments,except bras,of textile materials other than cotton,not ornamented **29** Men's or boys' knit shirts nspf, man-made fibers, ornamented 30 Mon's cotton **trousers** and slacks nspf, not knit, not ornamented 31 Mon's or boys wool trousers, slacks, and shorts, not knit, not ornamented, valued over **54** per lb 32 Mon's woven trousers and slacks, not knit, of man-made fibers, not ornamented 33 Girls' or Infants' cotton blouses, not knit, ornamented, lace or net 34 Infants' sets, up to 24 months of age, with each component of not knit construction, not knit, of cotton, ornamented 35 Infants' sets, up to and including 24 months of **age,** knit shIrt and not knit trouser, slack, or short, of cotton, ornament 36 Girls' cotton dresses, not knit, ornamentd, **lace** or **net** 37 Infants' cotton dresses, not knit, ornamented, lace or net 38 Parts of womn's, girls', or Infants' wearing apparel nspf, lace, net, or ornamented, of cotton, not knit 39 Women's, girls', or Infants' wearing apparel nspf, lace, net, or ornamented, of cotton, not knit 40 Girls' blouss and shirts of man-made fibers, not knit, ornamented 41 Infants' blouses and shirts nspf, lace, not, or ornamnted, of man-made fibers, not knit **42** Girls' **dresse** of wan-made fibers, not knit, ornamented, **lace** or net 43 Infants' dresses **of man-made** fibers, not knit, ornamented, lace or net 44 Parts of womn 's, girls', or infants' wearing apparel nspf, lace, net, or ernamented, of man-made fibers, not knit 45 Infants' sets, up to and including 24 months of **age,** with each cponoent of not knit construction, of man-made fibers, orn **46 Women's,** girls', or Infants' lace or net wearing apparel, not knit, of Man-made fibers, ornamented 47 Women s other cotton knit shirts, not ornamented 4t Cotton knit tops, not ornamented, for wmen and girls 49 Women's, girls', or Infants' suit-type coats and Jackets, valued over S4 each, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf

**50** Women's _othor_ cotton blouses, lot knit, not ornmented 51 Womn's, girls', or Infants, **shorts,** not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 52 **Women's** other cotton **trousers c,d slcks,** not knit, not ornamented
- 63 -

APPENDIX TABLE 4 (Continued) BAMADOS' TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS **ro** THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.<br>|aARBADOSN|OMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|BARBADOS<br>TARIFF|<br>VOTHER|S--<br>NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE1N<br>BARqADOS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|O0s|<br>TSUSA|IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|vESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|53|<br>3844925|<br>12,587|<br>4.39|0.00|4.39|12.87|10.87|4.30|13.15|12.91|<br>0.012|
|54|<br>3845251|<br>13,309|<br>6.10|0.00|6.10|9.40|11.25|4.75|16.00|9.82|_0.012_|
|55|<br>3849162|<br>98,680|<br>5.38|0.00|5.38|28.97|5.12|4.69|6.33|29.45|0.091|
|56|<br>3849169|<br>103,527|<br>8.5.|0.00|8.53|29.66|6.49|4.76|19.35|30.55|0.095|
|57|<br>3849171|<br>24,388|<br>7.95|0.00|7.95|21.40|5.49|4.72|18.52|30.32|0.022|
|58|<br>3849696|<br>13,749|<br>8.17|0.00|8.17|5.00|5.48|3.07|8.76|5.07|0.013|
|59|<br>4135400|<br>57,531|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|5.39|5.14|17.03|6.65|0.053|
|60|<br>4452500|<br>18,736|<br>8.88|0.00|0.00|5,60|12.33|12.41|18.30|4.98|0.017|
|61|4661500|<br>12,281|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|8.81|8.43|28.91|1.69|0.011|
|62|<br>5111100|<br>324,930|<br>37.55|37.55|0.00|0.00|24.51|26.13|0.68|0.16|0.298|
|63|<br>5111440|<br>1,146.632|<br>36.75|36.75|0.00|0.00|24.61|24.59|0.52|0.00|1.053|
|64|<br>5201120|<br>57.113|<br>0.30|0.00|0.30|0.00|0.32|0.29|0.32|0.00|0.052|
|65|<br>5238180|<br>62,500|<br>12.98|12.98|0.00|0.00|21.13|21.23|15.50|0.00|0.057|
|66|5444120|<br>22,110|<br>8.55|8.55|0.00|0.00|9.14|8.55|26.51|5.45|_0.020_|
|67|6036510|<br>13,616|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|7.65|7.65|0.00|0.00|0.012|
|68|6052020|<br>182,000|<br>3.58|0.00|3.58|0.00|0.18|0.00|0.20|0.00|0.167|
|69|6057020|<br>94.000|<br>0.25|0.00|0.25|0.00|0.25|6.14|0.21|0.00|0.086|
|70|<br>6094125|<br>80,805|<br>10.11|10.11|0.00|0.13|15.77|15.14|16.00|1.48|0.074|
|71|<br>6121020|<br>63,076|<br>6.02|6.02|0.00|0.05|8.41|8.72|46.40|0.02|0.058|
|72|<br>6528600|<br>340,364|<br>2.98|0.00|2.98|0.34|2.74|4.96|2.53|3.60|0.312|
|73|<br>6532210|<br>12,250|<br>2.33|0.00|2.33|0.00|0.60|9.36|0.60|0.00|0.011|
|74|6572590|11"490|26.04|0.00|26.04|6.20|8.37|7.90|12.70|5.43|0.011|
|<br>75|<br> <br>6607147|<br> <br>34.893|<br> <br>8.74|8.74|0.00|4.00|8.69|8.21|18.48|3.84|0.032|
|76|<br>6613570|<br>144,111|<br>1.07|0.00|1.07|3.20|6.86|6.16|14.65|2.58|0.152|
|77|<br>6747030|<br>37,218|<br>7.43|0.00|7.43|2.80|4.44|2.53|12.48|2.87|0.034|
|78|<br>6747060|<br>29,347|<br>5.24|0.00|5.24|2.80|3.86|1.85|8.49|2.79|0.027|

09S DESCRIPTION 53 Women's, girls', or Infants' other cotton dresses, not knit, not ornamented

- 54 Women's skirts, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf

55 Wo en's, girls', or infants' suits, Jacket and lower comnoent of same fabrlc, not knit, of man-made fibers, not ornamenta

**56** Women's, girls', or infants' shorts, not knit, of man-8ode fibers, not ornamented nspf

57 Other womn's and girls' shorts, not knit, of san-made fibers, not ornamented, nspf

- 58 WomenS, girls', or infants' trousers, slacks, and shorts, not ornamented nspf

- 59 Mixtures from benzenold chemicals, nspf

- 60 Cellulosic plastics materials except callulose acetato

- 61 Toilet soap, over 20 cents par pound

- 62 Cement, white nonstaining portland

- 63 Hydraulic cement,nes

- 64 Diamonds, **except** industrial, natural,not advanced and notsat

- 65 Mineral substances, crude, nes, except lithium ores

- **66** Laminated automotive glass, whether or not shopad or framed or both

- 67 Vanadlum bearing materials, not advanced In value or condition, not over 2 percent copper, lead, or tInc

- 68 Gold bullion

- 69 Gold Swepings and waste and scrap

- 70 Round wire **_of_** other than alloy iron or steel, over 0.06 inch In dlameter, containing not over 0.25t carbon, not coated, co 71 C*per waste and scrap, unalloyed

- 72 H4airsprinp of **base** mtal

- 73 Gold coins

- 74 Articles nes, of Iron or steel, not coated or plated with precious metal, other than cast Iron or steel

- 75 Crankshafts for piston-type diasel engines, nspf

- 76 Parts of refrigerators and retrigmrating equipment

- 77 Parts of chain **saws**

- 78 Parts of chain saws
> - 64 -

APPENDIX TABLE 4 (Continued)

# BARBADOS' TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITEO StATES IN 1986

||<br>|U.S.<br> <br>|BARBADOS<br> <br>|<br>NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|BARBADOS<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS'|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|<br>SHAREIN<br>BARBADOS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|<br>TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(Si|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RArE|EXPORTS|
|79|6761530|40.272|1.27|0.00|1.27|4.10|2.80|1.30|4.47|3.32|0.037|
|80|6763055|18,645|1.28|0.00|1.28|3.90|2.25|0.67|5.71|3.89|0.017|
|81|6765433|170,821|1.14|0.00|1.14|0.00|4.18|2.10|4.89|0.00|0.157|
|82|6765435|48,705|1.23|0.00|1.23|0.00|2.74|1.77|2.96|0.00|0.045|
|83<br>|6765455|115,469|2.04|0.00|2.04|0.00|2.91|2.03|3.10|0.00|0.106|
|84<br>|6765695<br>|23,797|8.73|0.00|8.73|4.10|4.36|2.94|6.23|3.96|0.022|
|85<br>|6785097|62.000|15.44|0.00|0.00|3.90|3.74|3.36|4.45|3.78|0.057|
|86|6803712|10,800|4.34|0.00|4.34|11.00|3.30|2.60|12.21|10.95|0.010|
|87<br>|6826052|49.454|2.45|6.00|0.00|4.10|4.92|3.35|5.77|3.03|0.045|
|88<br>|6829500|17,977|3.50|0.00|3.50|5.70|3.54|2.94|5.49|5.02|0.017|
|89|6852443|2,254,133|0.12|0.00|0.12|6.00|1.63|1.06|2.29|4.75|2.069|
|90<br>|6856035<br>|23,285|0.98|0.00|0.98|5.20|1.08|1.84|1.04|2.78|0.021|
|91|6857080|898,861|0.42|0.00|0.42|0.00|5.00|3.14|7.11|1.75|0.825|
|92|685800|874,383|0.46|0.00|0.46|0.00|4.25|2.51|4.46|10.00|0.803|
|93|68 5 <sup>qO</sup>3 5|14,807|<br>2.22|0.00|2.22|6.03|4.52|2.80|5.64|9.48|0.014|
|94|6859004|46,123|0.47|0.00|0.47|5.70|3.60|3.08|3.84|5.63|0.042|
|95|6859042|1,045,159|8.48|0.00|8.48|0.19|5.75|3.38|6.47|4.97|0.959|
|96|6859058|555,925|0.44|0.00|0.44|0.95|3.97|0.98|4.20|5.03|0.510|
|97|6859059|95,457|1.81|0.00|1.81|6.10|4.90|2.48|5.55|4.58|0.088|
|98|6859080|1,761,247|1.56|0.00|1.56|1.59|4.17|2.61|5.63|5.08|1.617|
|99|6861030|13,590|<br>1.50|0.00|1.50|2.31|3.08|2.37|3.34|5.78|0.068|
|100|6861064|215,229|8.79|0.00|8.79|0.36|4.41|3.80|4.67|5.38|0.198|
|101|6861076|17,956|8.82|0.00|8.82|0.00|5.95|3.41|6.56|6.01|0.016|
|102<br>|6861082|3,652,899|1.74|0.00|1.74|0.01|4.33|2.28|4.55|4.86|3.353|
|103|6861086|137,943|4.28|0.00|4.28|1.32|_6.10_|3.97|7.93|5.76|0.127|
|104|6877405|305,781|0.94|0.00|0.94|0.11|1.23|3.00|1.23|0.67|0.28l|

O0S DESCRIPTION

- 79 Accounting and computing machines 80 Hard magnetic disc drive units (data-processing machines) 81 Printer units of automatic date-processing machines 82 Parts of automatic data-processing nspf

- 83 Parts of automatic data-proesssing achinos. nspf

- 84 Parts of office machines nspf

- 85 Machinery not specially provided for, and parts thereof

- 86 Radial ball bearings,having an outside diameter over **30** m but not over 52 m

- 87 Coils and inductors

- 88 Primary cal Ils and primary batteries and parts thereof

- 69 Transceivers other then hand-held and marine vht-fm radio transceivers

- 90 Parts, nspf, for radar apparatus

- 91 Electric signaling d"vices

- 92 Fixed electrical capacitors, tantalum electrolytic, nspf

- 93 Fixed capacitors, nes 94 Circuit breakers, other than molded case for cirrjits under 1,000 v

- 95 Fuss, other than In **glass** cartridge, In circuits of **less** than 2,300 v

- 96 **Printed** circuit **boards,** plastic lipregncted **glass bse,** with **less** than **3** layers of conducting materials

- 97 Prlnted circult Words **other** than with a plastic Impregnated glass **base**

- 98 Electrical apparatus for making or breaking electrical circuits and parts, nspf

- **99** Resistors, **variable** wirawound Including potentiometers

100 Fixed resistors, designed for **surface** mounting (tsad) by contact, having **more** than 2 **terminals** (resistor **networks),** nspf

- 101 **Fixed** resistors, having **more** than 2 leads (resistor **networks),** nspt

- 102 Fixed resistors, having 2 leads. **wirewond**

- **103** Parts of resistors and **potentiometers** 104 Unmounted chips, **dice and** wafers for monolithic integrated circuits
- 65 -

# APPENDIX TA8LE 4 (Continued)

aARBADOS' TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES I N 1986

|||||||BARBADOS||||,OTHERS"|SHARE 'N|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||U.S.|BARBAOOS<br>|<br>NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|TARIFF|"OTHERS|"NOMINAL FR|EIGHT RATE|TARIFF|8ARBADOS|
|OBS|<br>TSUSA|<br>IlMPORTSMS|) TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|105|6877420|1,805.097|0.87|0.00|0.87|0.30|1.83|0.69|1.85|0.63|1.657|
|106|6877430|263,675|1.09|0.00|1.09|1.00|1.65|1.97|1.70|0.48|0,242|
|107|6877435|15,236,221|0.53|0.00|0.53|0.92|1.15|0.81|1.15|0.67|13.987|
|108|6877437|1,132.038|0.54|0.00|0.54|0.21|1.34|0.87|1.35|0.68|1.039|
|109|6877441|17,238,959|0.26|0.00|0.26|3.66|1.12|1.33|1.19|0.45|15.826|
|110|6877445|2.304,367|1.06|0.00|1.06|0.59|1.26|1.25|1.27|0.50|2.115|
|III|6877450|356,784|0.96|0.00|0.96|0.00|1.51|1.10|1.52|0.57|0.328|
|_112_|6877455|24,273,487|0.58|0.00|0.58|0.99|1.57|1.43|1.57|0.53|22.284|
|113|6878520|648.8!5|0.96|0.00|0.96|2.92|2.37|2.83|2.37|0.78|0.596|
|1,4|6881800|680,163|0.35|0.00|0.35|5.50|6.05|4.45|8.57|2.86|0.624|
|115|6884280|1,579.861|2.48|6.00|2.50|0.25|4.05|3.93|4,22|3.53|1.450|
|116|692b295|55.597|20.80|20.98|12.33|3.20|6.68|4.73|19.70|3.09|0.051|
|117|7004544|203,436|4.03|4.03|0.00|10.00|5.70|4.24|7.85|10.01|0.187|
|118|7044010|88,143|5.06|0.00|5.06|25.00|7.93|7.75|5.97|24.97|0.081|
|"19|<br>7058600|6,210.281|1.28|1.25|6.18|16.99|5.85|5.48|19.51|16.66|5.701|
|120|7066100|42,970|5.59|4.97|23.75|0.00|7.48|5.78|10.37|16.87|0.039|
|121|7087800|22,441|13.19|0.00|13.19|5.20|2.22|1.95|2.49|5.20|0.021|
|122|7091770|44,042|12.00|12.00|0.00|4.40|2.69|1.82|3.32|**4.33**|0.040|
|123|7124971|17,135|4.59|0.00|4.59|5.50|2.54|2.25|2.60|5.07|0.016|
|124|7124975|1.150,871|1.41|0.00|1.41|0.08|2.82|2.13|3.17|4.93|1.057|
|125|7242520|19.112|6.36|0.00|6.36|0.00|8.00|3.15|9.11|0.56|0.018|
|126|7244020|102.072|5.25|0.00|4.97|0.00|5.69|3.30|9.58|0.59|0.094|
|127|<br>7273525|18.171|8.70|8.70|0.00|2.58|10.60|10.49|23.75|2.72|0.017|
|128|7273555|88,036|32.27|32.27|0.00|1.27|11.54|11.43|31.29|2.52|0.081|
|129|<br>7662540|17.371|20.44|20.44|0.00|0.00|4.97|5.9a|2.60|0.00|0.016|
|130|7722045|20,975|6.78|6.78|0.00|0.00|10.05|7.63|23.19|2.87|0.019|

OBS 0LSCRIPTI0ON

- 105 Transistor-logic bipolar monolithic integrated circuits, except memory 106 Bipolar monolithic integrated circuits, nspt except memory 107 metal oxide semiconductors random access mories not over **9000** bits 108 Metal oxide semiconductors random access **memories** over **9000** but not over **20000** bits 109 Metal oxide semiconductors random access **mor Ies** over 40000 but not over 60000 bits-" 110 Metal oxide silicon semiconductors mry nspf III Metal oxide semiconductOrs microprocessor 112 Metal oxide semiconductors Integrated circuits,nspf 113 Parts for semiconductors other than chips, dice, and wafers 114 Insulated electrical conductors, with fittings, nsof 115 Electrical articles and oIectrical parts of articles. nspf 116 Parts nspf for motor vehicles 117 **Women's** leather cement footwar nspf, valued over 52.50 per pair 118 Cotton gloves, not lace, net, or ornamnted, made from pre-existing machine-woven fabric, without fourchettes or s,dewail

- 119 Gloves of rubbr or plastics, nspf

- 120 Fla' goods of other **materiels** nspf 121 Electron, proton, end slilear microscopes end diffraction apPOratus

- 122 Elactro-mdlceal aPperatus,nes

- 123 Instruments end epperatus to **measure** or check electrical quantities. and parts thereof 124 Electrical masuring, checking, anelyzing, or automatically-controlling Instruments and apparatus, and parts thereof 125 Phonograph records,stereo and quadraphonic, 33-1/3 rpm

126 Cassette sound recordings nspf 127 Desks and **desk** extensions, **wood** 128 Wall systes, book cases, shelf units, credenzas, buffets, serveru, china closets and other cabinets, wood 129 AntIque furniture 130 Contalners nos, of ruber or plastics, used for packing, transporting, or marketing merchandise
- 66 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 4 **(Continued)**

BARBADOS' TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|BARBADOS<br>N|<br>OMINAL FREI|<br>GHT RATE|SARBADOS<br>TARIFF|-OTHERS"|NOMINAL FRE|<br>IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>BARBADOS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OES|TSuSA|<br>IMPORTS($|) TOTAL|vESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|131|<br>7725136|<br>17,353|<br>10.05|10.05|0.00|4.00|9.13|9.17|82.52|3.96|0.016|
|132|<br>7745595|<br>17,500|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|5.70|8.90|7.74|14.65|4.58|0.016|
|133|<br>7930000|<br>83.528|<br>7.03|9.38|0.52|0.00|15.16|20.37|4.46|0.00|0.077|
|134|<br>8000035|2,623,078|<br>3.66|4.81|3.06|0.00|2.53|4.65|1.97|0.00|2.408|
|135|9999500|<br>146,279|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.134|

OBS DESCRIPTION 131 New radial bus tires for on the highway (not including recaps) 132 Articles nspf, of plastic or rubDer 133 Waste and scrap, nspf 134 U.S. products returned after export without Doing advanced in value or improved in condition abroad, nes 135 Under 5250 formal and informal entries
- 67 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 5

# BELIZE TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|BELIZE|NOMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|BELIZE<br>TARIFF|'OTHERS.|. NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|<br>SHAFtE IN<br>BELIZE'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|TSUSA|<br>IlMORTS(S)|<br>TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|t|1061060|263,493|6.57|6.57|0.00|0.00|16.00|16.01|21.17|2.24|0.525|
|2|1103570|145,604|14.60|0.00|14.80|0.03|20.39|12.85|20.74|0.17|0.290|
|3|1107080|62,648|5.26|2.83|7.48|0.00|8.84|6.96|27.28|0.00|0.125|
|4|1144512|173,049|3.78|0.00|3.69|0.00|5.25|4.17|6.45|0.00|0.345|
|5|1144525|3,179,384|1.47|1.28|1.93|0.00|2.86|2.51|5.02|0.00|6.338|
|6|1144530|561,574|1.64|1.46|1.86|0.00|3.19|2.72|7.03|0.00|1.119|
|7|1144545|360,406|2.71|2.46|3.11|0.00|4.15|3.87|7.61|0.00|0.718|
|8|1144562|13.230|2.58|0.00|2.58|0.00|4.19|4.07|14.84|0.00|0.026|
|9|1144595|266.629|3.89|4.38|3.60|0.00|6.88|5.92|14.37|0.00|0.532|
|10|1144598|118,319|4.78|4.49|8.07|0.00|5.49|4.86|25.41|0.00|0.236|
|11|1258400|46,050|9.65|0.00|9.65|0.00|24.95|25.90|24.74|2.87|0.092|
|12|1359000|19.735|39,45|52.96|46.17|0.00|50.28|52.37|47.25|1.44|0.039|
|13|1359500|16,911|72.84|0.00|72.84|0.00|56.59|56.79|55.25|0.26|0.034|
|14|1375000|66,028|22.46|0.00|22.46|0.00|49.22|45.14|65.44|1.02|0.132|
|15|1376000|33,126|1.81|0.00|50.00|0.91|53.63|52.05|57.78|1.70|C.066|
|16|1403500|28.593|6.37|6.37|0.00|0.00|16.99|17.37|0.00|0.08|0.057|
|17|1480300|74,763|59.83|0.00|59.83|0.00|54.75|35.47|76.45|0.52|0.149|
|18|1480600|123,696|41.09|0.00|57.63|0.89|50.23|41.24|82.31|0.54|0.247|
|19|1552045|11110293|10.19|10.19|0.00|0.00|6.71|6.93|0.00|0.00|22.148|
|20|1561000|203,242|4.23|4.23|0.00|0.00|7.62|7.62|12.95|0.00|0.405|
|21|1601020|276,786|2.16|2.16|0.00|0.00|3.67|3.66|6.75|0.00|0.552|
|22|1652900|<br>6,371,488|6.53|6.53|0.00|4.00|9.25|7.85|56.13|49.31|12.701|
|23|1653680|4,068,550|5.23|5.23|0.00|3.27|13.33|13.55|20.26|26.89|8.110|
|24|1655500|67,903|5.61|5.61|0.00|0.00|5.67|5.49|13.30|0.8|0.135|
|25|2001000|498,700|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|26.27|26.27|0.00|0.00|0.994|
|26|2023420|26.376|13.42|11.78|0.00|0.00|20.58|20.66|0.00|0.00|0.053|

OBS DESCRIPTION I Bef without bons, fresh, Chilled, or frozen

- 2 Fish nes, whole or partially processed, fresh or chilled 3 Fish nspt, fresh, Chillod, or frozen, partially processed

- 4 Conch, fresh, chilled, frozen, prepared or preserved

- 5 Rock looster tails, fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or oreserved (including pastes and sauces) 6 Lobsters nes, fresh, chilled, Or frozen, prepared or preserved, Including pastes and sauces 7 Shrimp, shell-on, fresh, chilld, or frozen. prepared or preserved (Including pastes and sauets) 8 Peeled shrimp nspf, not **broded,** fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or preserved, including pastes and sauces 9 Shellfisn nspt, fresh, chilled or frozen, prepared or preserved, Including pastes and sauces

- 10 Sheilfish nos, fresh, chilled, frozen, propered or preserved

- it Live plants nspf, suitable for planting 12 Cucumbers, fresh or **:hillIed,** not reduced In size, If *nterdd december I to last day of february. Inclusive 13 Cucumbers, fresh or Chilld, not reduced in **site,** If entered march I to april 30, inclusive, In any year 14 Squash, fresh, chIlled, or frozen, not reduced In Size is Tomatoes, fresh or chilld, **not** reduced In **size,** if entered march 1-July 14, or septembr 1-novembtr 14, Inclusive, in any 16 Lentils, droId, desiccated, or dehydrated

- **17** Mangoms, fresh, **It** entered sePtem p , in any **year.** to may S3. Inclusive 18 Mangos, fresh, If entered June I to august S3. Inclusive, In any year

- 19 Sugars, sirups, and **molesse*** nes, darived frr sugar cane or sugar bets

- 20 Cocoa **beans**

- 21 Coffee, crude

- 22 Orange Juice nspf, not ofmId end not containing **over** 1.0 percent of **ethyl** alcohol by volume 23 Citrus fruit Juices **nspf,** not **mixed** and not containing over 1.0 percentof ethyl alcohol by volume, concentrated 24 Fruit Juices **neo,** not sxied, not containing over I porcent ethyl alcohol

- 25 Wood waste 26 hardwood **lumber,** ashogany, rough **(not** Including siding, molding and flooring)
- 68 -

# APPENDIX rA8LE 5 (Continued)

BELIZE TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITEO STATES IN 1986

||U.S.|BELIZE|NOMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|BELIZE<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|" NOMINAL FR|EIGH4T<br>RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>BELIZE'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|aes<br>TSUSA|<br>**ImORTS(M)**|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|27<br>2024400|182,472|7.19|7.19|0.00|0.00|27.73|27.93|0.00|0,00|0.364|
|28<br>2026440|11,325|9.38|9.38|0.00|0.00|16.27|16.43|19.27|0.00|0.023|
|29<br>2063040|46,963|9.71|9.71|0.00|0.00|10.80|'0.63|26,96|1.02|0.094|
|30<br>2069600|238,362|7.26|7.26|0.00|0,00|10.63|10.16|46.43|4.25|0.475|
|31<br>2220590|10,875|5.56|5.56|0.00|0.00|18.68|18.94|7.45|0.00|0.022|
|32<br>2226000|10,875|5.52|5.52|0.00|7.30|21.07|20.27|58.40|3.15|0.022|
|33<br>2526745|167,304|17.76|17.76|0.00|0.00|14.87|14.86|104.90|0.00|0.334|
|34<br>3810220|13,771|2.43|0.00|0,00|23.30|8.12|5.85|9.79|22.29|0.027|
|35<br>38M0822|1.220,801|3.56|0.00|0.00|20.00|8.12|4.07|18.97|20.00|2.434|
|36<br>3814520|10,544|2.57|0.00|0.00|10.80|13.55|7.95|36.70|9.72|0.021|
|37<br>3816220|441,636|2.56|0.00|0.00|16.50|6.67|4.66|27.06|'6.49|0,880|
|38<br>3816230|600.067|2.75|0.00|0.00|16.50|5.52|3.82|20.25|16.30|1.196|
|39<br>3816250|896,075|2.83|0.00|0.00|16.50|4.58|3.55|19.33|16.30|1.786|
|40<br>3816260|273,791|2.56|0.00|0.00|G.50|6.80|5.62|14.39|16.50|0.546|
|**41**<br>3816270|10,172|2.84|2.84|0.00|16.50|6.32|3.51|17.26|16.47|0.020|
|42<br>3816510|6,352,796|2.72|0.00|0.00|9.63|8.34|6.99|17.75|9.52|12.664|
|43<br>3819549|81,476|2.71|0.00|0.00|30,47|8.81|7.01|22.46|29.93|0.162|
|44<br>3819805|2,621,588|3.15|0.00|0.00|20.12|6.85|5.85|10.95|19.67|5.226|
|45<br>3840510|10,440|12.36|0.00|0.00|19.60|11.69|4.15|18.68|19.53|0.021|
|46<br>3844647|19,923|2.88|0.00|0.00|16.50|6.98|4.26|24,58|16.46|0.040|
|47<br>3844648|893,965|2.69|0.00|0.00|16.50|7.20|6.57|15.14|16.50|1.782|
|48<br>3844650|11,659|3.17|0.00|0.00|16.51|6.32|3.74|14.67|16.47|0.023|
|49<br>3844740|88.484|2.68|0.00|0.00|16.50|5.64|4.69|17.1'|16.50|;.'76|
|50<br>3844765|30,329|2.22|1.13|3.52|16.50|7.68|3.77|17.35|14.||
|SI<br>3845125|l1,304|2,94|0.00|2.94|9.40|7,84|6.00|12.12|9.||
|_52_<br>3848130|17,712|3.56|0.00|0.00|35.93|10.20|6.11|29.57|35.4o||

**6S** OESCR IPTION

> 27 Hardwood lumber nspt, rough

28 Standard wood moldings, hardwood, othor than **pine,** not drilled or troated 29 **Wood doOrs** nos, with or without their hardware 30 Wood household utensils and poarts nsof 31 amWboo or rattan sticks nas 32 33 34 35

- **36** 37

**38**

39 40 41 Aras **nsef,** of bamboo, rattan, willow, or chip Br oer and printing paper nspt, containing over 10 mechanical wood pulp .* Doys' cotton knit t-shirtS, ornsaented tip ,rlls, overalls. Jumpsults, and similar apparel, whether or not known as playsuits, cotton, not knit Ne - boys' cotton coats nsof, not knit, valued 54 or less **each,** not ornamented Men's cotton **denim** trousers **and slocks, not** knit, not ornamnted Men 's cotton corduroy trousers and slacks. not knit, not Ornmnted Boys' cotton **denim** trouosrs _and_ slacks, not knit, not orna_nted Boys' cotton corduroy trousers **and** slacks, not knit, not ornmnted

**oys'** cotton trousers **and slacks nept,** not knit, not ornamented

42 **Men's** cotton playsuitS, coveralls, overalls, and jumpsults, not knit, not ornamented 43 44 45 40 47 48 49 50 St 52

**Men's** or **boyS'** work shirts not ornamented of **man-made fibers, fibers,** not knit,

**Men's** or **boyS'** work shirts not ornamented of **man-made fibers, fibers,** not knit, without two or nore colors In the warp an. **Men's woven coveralls,** overalls, jumpsuits, **and similar apparel,** not knit, of **man-oade fibers,** not ornamented

**Lace,** not or ornmnted cotton **coats,** not knit, for women and girls

**Women's** cotton **denim** trousers **and slacks,** not knit, not orn_nted

Infants' **trousers** nd **slacks,** boyn over 24 months of **age,** donl, Including brushed denim, not knit, of cotton, not ornman **wn's, girls',** or Infants' trouse. **and** sliacks, donlm, Including brushed **denim,** not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspt infants' trousors **and** slacks, boys over 24 **months** of **age,** corduroy, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf Wmn's other cotton trousers **and** slacks, not knit, not orn_nted Girls' and infants' denim skirts, not knit, of cotton, not ornantd nspf **_nri's,_** girls', or Infants' sweatshirts, knit, of man-made fibers, not ornae_nted nspf
- 69 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 5 (Continued)

# BELIZE TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO tHE UNITED<sup>STATES IN 1986</sup>

|||U.S.|BELIZE|NOMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|BELIZE<br>TARIFF|-OTHERS-|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTiERSn<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>BELIZE'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|oaS|TSUSA|_I_0RTSIS)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|A:R|RATE|EXPORTS|
|53|3848243|17,712|3.36|0.00|0.00|31.31|8.37|6.59|23.34|31.32|0.035|
|<br>54|<br>3848642|<br>17.412|3.25|0.00|3.25|23.00|9.59|5.96|30.99|23.67|0.035|
|<br>55|4209800|10,145|24.20|24.20|0.00|2.50|16.11|16.09|0.00|3.43|<br>0.020|
|<br>56|<br>4377600|<br>163.588|2.97|0.00|2.97|0.00|1.57|6.45|1.56|0.00|0.326|
|<br>57|<br>4522800|<br> <br>34,131|10.01|10.01|0.00|1.48|6.61|7.31|3.16|1.98|0.068|
|<br>58|<br>4524400|<br> <br>65108|16.63|16.63|0.00|0.00|13.29|14.24|4.70|5.20|0.130|
|<br>59|<br>5167400|,<br>12.435|28.95|28.95|0.00|0.00|8.14|7.65|12.50|2.34|0.025|
|<br>60|<br>5203800|62972|0.04|0.00|0.04|0.00|0.38|0.24|0.36|0.00|<br>0.126|
|<br>61|<br>5203900|,<br>51,250|0.05|0.00|0.05|2.20|2.02|1.63|2.11|1.02|0.102|
|<br>62|<br>5322400|<br>285.653|19.74|19.74|0.00|19.60|21.88|21.95|"".88|19.64|0.569|
|<br>63|<br>6103216|10866|0.00|0.00|0.00|1.90|0.37|15.44|0.00|1.90|<br>0.022|
|<br>64|<br>6180650|,<br>1096612|4.15|4.15|0.00|0.00|5.31|5.40|10.22|0.24|2.186|
|<br>65|<br>6220200|,,<br>505.364|2.77|2.77|0.00|0.00|2.48|2.48|1.47|0.00|1.007|
|<br>66|6292000|44,130|7.81|0.00|7.81|16.00|3.15|2.89|5.59|15.29|0.088|
|67|6403050|<br>212.325|21.00|21.00|0.00|0.14|11.95|12.38|11.75|0.44|0.423|
|68|6462500|12,386|6.07|8.07|0.00|0.00|6.99|6.81|23.29|0.50|0.025|
|69|6604850|<br>424,147|9.96|9.96|0.00|3.20|4.10|2.65|23.18|3.21|0.846|
|70|6606713|<br>282.779|3.78|3.78|0.00|0.00|11.16|11.16|17.80|2.66|0.564|
|<br>71|<br>66067'9|1,032.017|<br>6.53|6.53|6.60|0.03|6.03|4.79|13.89|2.69|2.057|
|72|6609702|<br>413,641|<br>6.14|6.14|0.00|0.00|4.21|2.79|8.46|3.25|0.825|
|73|6802730|<br>28.375|7.10|7.10|0.00|0.00|3.37|3.04|4.09|3.44|<br>0.057|
|74|6826059|18.746|17.46|13.17|0.00|1.64|6.28|5.45|11.73|2.38|0.037|
|<br>75|<br>6858035|101,438|18.59|0.00|18.59|10.00|4.47|2.80|5.56|9.47|0.202|
|76|6923220|<br>44,082|4.19|4.19|0.00|3.25|8.66|8.55|22,48|3.21|0.088|
|77|6923230|<br>122,523|1'.44|11"44|0.00|3.23|7.33|6.84|32.75|3.18|0.244|
|78|6923264|46,261|5.07|5.07|0.00|3.21|6.19|5.07|21.33|3.13|0.092|

0°S iESCRIPTION 53 Women's, girls', or infants' Jogging, warm up, end similar athletIc trousers and slacks, knit, ot man-made fibers, not orn 54 Women's girls' or Infants' playsults, sunsuits, waslsuits, and similar apparel, of two pieces, knit, of man-made fibers, n 55 Sodium chromate and dichromate 56 Viruses, serums, toxins, and analogous biological products; human Olood end fractions; human skin, and anatomical pts. of 57 GrapefruIt oil 58 Orange oil 59 Mica cut or stamped over .006 Inch In thickness not perforated or Indented, **nes** 60 Emeralds, cut but not st, sultable for Jewery 61 Other precious and seiprecious **stones,** cut, not set, for Jewelry not elsewhere specified 62 Ceramic floor and wail tiles, ***xcept** mosaic, glazed 63 Pipes and tubes other then for **use** In boilers,<sup>etc.,0.375 to 2.375 Inches in outside</sup> diamter, with coupling, welded, oth

- 64 Unwrought alloys of aluminue, nas

- 65 Tin other than alloys of tin. unurought

66 Titanium, wrought 67 Containers used in packing, transporting or marketing of goods, other than of stainless stel, aluminum with capacity not 68 Brads, nails, and similar artIcles, I piece construction, Iron or steel, round wire undor I inch In<sup>length,</sup> under .065 inc 69 Engines, not compressIon-ignitlon nspf, speclally designed for automoiles, trucks and **buses** 70 Crankshafts for piston-type automobile engines, except disel 71 Parts of piston-type **engines** _other_ then compression ignition engines nspf

- 72 Motor vaeIcl. Pumps for liquidn

- 73 Hydraulically actuatd valves 74 Parts of motors (other than comutators and parts of motors under 1/40 hp)

- 75 Fixed capacitors, nos 76 Bumpers for motor vanicles (except motorcycles) 77 Wheels designed to be mounted with pneumatic tires for motor vehicles (except motorcycles) 78 BsraKes and parts thereof. nspf, for motor **wehicles**
- 70 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 5 (Continued)

BELIZE TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|BELIZE N|OMINAL FREI|GCHT<br>RATE|BELIZE<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"0TTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br> <br>BELIZE'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OES|TSuSA|<br>IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|79|6923295|<br>182,832|<br>8.10|8.20|6.60|3.22|6.68|4.73|19.70|3.09|0.364|
|80|7003522|<br>48,408|8.54|8.54|0.00|8.50|4.62|4.02|23.92|8.51|0.096|
|81|7003552|<br>85,500|0.00|0.00|0.00|8.50|6.20|5.05|8.95|8.60|0.170|
|82|7004514|<br>43,920|**8.50**|8.50|0.00|10.00|6.17|4.36|14.55|10.00|<br>0.088|
|83|7004544|<br>77,902|13.58|0.00|3.51|10.00|5.70|4.24|7.85|10.01|<br>0.155|
|84|7108080|<br>50,725|17.09|17.09|0.00|0.00|3.67|3.34|3.93|4.91|0.101|
|85|7271100|<br>98,062|6.46|0.00|6.46|0.00|24.11|23.96|97.63|2.38|0.195|
|86|7728500|36,416|6.87|6.87|0.00|0.00|8.85|6.08|14.65|4.96|0.073|
|87|7732500|74,135|10.08|8.66|21.47|0.00|5.76|4,11|10.15|3.10|0.148|
|88|7912700|<br>118,225|15.16|0.00|15.16|0.00|4.88|2.70|5.81|0.19|0.236|
|89|7912800|10,344|30.43|0.00|30.43|0.00|7.85|3.95|14.43|-.13|0.021|
|90|7930000|<br>30,958|2.63|2.63|0.00|0.00|15.15|20.36|4.43|0.00|0.062|
|91|8000035|1,272,450|1.58|1.20|2.18|0.00|2.53|4.65|1.97|0.00|2.537|
|92|8010000|11,400|0.96|0.00|0.96|0.00|1.60|1.80|4.35|0.00|0.023|
|93|9999500|49,911|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.099|

- OS OESCRIPTION

- 79 Parts nspf _for_ motor vehicles

- 80 Leather athletic footwear nspf, for **cen** youths, and boys el Men's leather cement footwear nspf

- 82 Womn's casual leather footwear nspf, valued over 52.50 per pair

- 83 Women's leather ce ent footwear nspf, valued over 52.50 per pair

- **84** Non-optical measuring or checking instruments, and parts

- 85 Furniture of unspun fibrous rattan oaterials and parts thereof .nspf **86** Closures, includes caps, lIds, and other Closures, of rubber or plastics

- 87 Gaskets, of rubber or plastics

- 88 Leoather, other than patent leather, cut or snaped for conversion Into uppWrs

- 89 Leather, other than patent leather, cut or shaped for conversion into footwar, other than uppers 90 waste and scrap, nspf

- 91 U.S. products returned after export without being advanced in value or Improved In condItIon abroad, nes 92 Articles roleWorted, undor lease to foreign manufacturer 93 Under **5251** formal and infortal **entries** estimated
- 71 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 6

# OOMINICA TRANSPORT COST PF0FILE FOR EXPORTS TO TIE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|DOMINICA NO|MINAL<br>FR EIG|HT RATE|001MNICA<br>TARIFF|"OTHE|RS" NOMINAL<br>FR|EIGHT RATE|"OTHERS<br> <br>TARIFF|" SHAlEIN<br> <br>oomiNICA'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|08S|TSUSA|IMPORTS(|S1 TOTAL|VESSEL|<br>AIR|RATE|TOTAL|<br>VESSEL|AIR|<br>RATE|<br>EXPORTS|
|1|<br>1144512|<br>52,813|4.32|0.00|4.32|0.00|5.19|4.17|6.27|0.00|0.348|
|2|1144525|456,828|3.37|3,37|0.00|0.00|2.84|2.49|4.94|0.00|3.011|
|3|<br>1212500|<br>12.369|3.02|0.00|3.02|4.40|4.46|2.83|6.53|3.85|0.082|
|4|1360000|<br>11,594|14.32|14.32|0.00|0.00|32.54|30.87|52.01|0.57|0.076|
|5|1362000|<br>18,606|45.15|45.15|0.00|0.00|46.69|36.40|71.87|0.00|0.123|
|6|1375000|<br>23.308|53.26|53.26|0.00|0.00|47.02|44.76|56.34|0.97|0.154|
|7|1378800|<br>13,372|19.29|19.29|0.00|0.00|28.87|24.62|36.36|0.30|0.088|
|8|<br>1464000|<br>44,686|10.95|10.95|0.00|0.00|32.64|32.58|68.25|0.00|<br>0.295|
|9|1471500|<br>10,855|24.41|24.41|0.00|0.00|13.79|13.79|0.00|0.43|0.072|
|10|1480600|<br>14,119|5.10|5.10|0.00|0.00|49.72|42.06|74.73|0.59|0.093|
|11|1481200|<br>92.692|114.63|112.59|148.32|0.00|57.09|57.35|57.59|0.66|0.611|
|12|1481700|<br>45,435|120.98|12O.98|0.00|0.00|60.30|60.97|51.50|7.34|0.299|
|13|1561000|704,674|S8|9.78|0.00|0.00|7.62|7.62|12.95|0.00|4.644|
|14|1602000|<br>50,123|,.28|9.28|0.00|0.00|S.?2|5.23|15.11|0.00|0.330|
|15|1652540|<br>47,692|9.43|9.43|0.00|0.00|24.53|15.96|0.00|9.00|0.314|
|16|1653680|129,071|12.03|12.03|0.00|0.39|10.86|10.53|20.26|19.97|0.851|
|17|1661000|<br>52,641|32.21|32.21|0.00|0.00|34.18|34.23|24.46|0.79|0.215|
|18|1673045|<br>47.630|12.76|12.76|0.00|3.92|11.S3|11.76|11.65|3.83|0.314|
|19|2544620|39.401|8.73|8.73|0.00|3.00|13.29|13.23|88.12|3.00|0.260|
|_20_|2569030|10,766|4.64|4.64|0.00|5.70|12.76|9.42|31.06|3.47|0.071|
|_21_|2702580|65,630|0.82|0.68|2.28|0.00|6.15|4.74|12.22|0.00|0.433|
|22|2746040|28.990|3.84|3.84|0.00|2.10|6.68|"<br>5.51|9.39|1.81|0.191|
|23|3635300|72,115|2.78|2.78|0.00|5.20|5.83|4.54|10.43|5.19|5<br>0.475|
|24|3721050|16,057|1.27|1.27|0.00|15.00|4.27|2.63|6.43|15.15|0.106|
|25|3810240|25.159|10.38|10.38|0.00|25.70|5.31|2.70|12.71|23.69|0.166|
|26|3840228|18,914|9.55|9.55|0.00|25.70|7.42|3.08t|14.09|24.32|0.125|

08S DESCFIPTI0N

- I Conch, fresh, chilled, frozen, prepared or preserved 2 Rock lobster tails, fresh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or preserved (including pastes and sauces)

- 3 Upholstery leather

- 4 Dasneens, fresh, ChIlled, or frozen, not reduced In **size**

- 5 Eggplant, fresh or chilled, not reduced in **_size,_** it entered april I to november **30,** InclusIve, In any year

- 6 Squash, fresh, chilled, or frozen, not rduced In size

- 7 Yams, fresh or clhlled

- 8 Bananas, fresh

- 9 Grapefruit, fresh, if entered november I to July 31, Inclusive

- 10 Mangoes, fresh, If **entered** June I to august 31, Inclusive, in any year

- 11 Cantaloupes, fresh, if entered dec_embr I to march 31, inclusive, in any Year

- 12 Cantaloupes, fresh, If entered other than septer I to may 31, and other than december I to march 31, inclusive

- 13 Cocoa beans

- 14 Coff", soluble or Instant, not containing sugar or other additive

- 15 Lime juice, not ***Ixed,** concentrated, not **over 15** ethyl alcohol

- 16 Citrus fruit Juices nspf, not mIxed and not contalning over 1.0 percentof ethyl alcohol by volum, concentrated 17 MIneral oaters, natural, Imitation, or artificel

- 18 **White still Ines** produced **from** grapes containing 145 or less of alcohol In contalners holding not over I gal., valued ova 19 Clay coated printing paper, not Iithographically printed, Impregnated, coated, or both, not otherwise treated

- 20 **Bags** and contalners for office **use**

- 21 **Books** nspf

- 22 Lithographs on paper nspf, not over 20 years old, not over 0.020 inch in thickness, **bound** or not bound

- 23 Coverlets, qulits, and confortars of vegetable fIbrs, not block-printed by hetnd, not Jacquard-figured, not **lace,** net, or 24 WIool ufflars,scarves,and shaw's.not vells,lace,net,or ornamented,not knit

- 25 Men's or boys' cotton knit **sn,rtl** nspf, ornamented 26 ons, glrls*, or infants' **s1res** msot, **iace, net,** or ornamented, of cotton, knit
- 72 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 6 (Continued)

DOMINICA TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.<br> <br>|DOMINICA NO<br>|MINAL FREIGF<br>|4T RATE<br>|DOM IN I CA<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FlRE|IGiT RATE|OTkERS<br>TARIFF|SHAtE I_N_<br>QOMINICA'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|0BS|TSUSA|IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|27|3843777|25,925|5.80|5.80|0.00|8.00|10.87|7.68|17.79|7.94|0.171|
|28<br>|4064200|22,526|1.40|0.00|1.40|13.50|1.46|2.12|1.38|10.21|0.148|
|29<br>|4084800<br>|21,812|51.21|51.21|0.00|6.40|8.40|6.69|43.84|6.41|0.144|
|30|4086800|276,192|5.74|5.74|0.00|10.61|8.64|7.15|53.27|10.36|1.820|
|31|4181600|529,384|8.00|8.00|0.00|0.00|18.98|19.01|0.00|0.00|3.489|
|32|4227600|20,411|2.38|2.38|0.00|1.60|8.70|8.90|0.00|1.60|0.135|
|33|4283010|38,694|6.40|6.40|0.00|11.50|5.32|5.33|2.76|11.50|0.255|
|34|4350500|50,819|8.42|8.42|0.00|0.00|20.93|22.51|9.37|0.00|0.335|
|35<br>|4351000<br>|190.242<br>|7.45|7.45|0.00|0.00|4.46|10.28|2.87|1.39|1.254|
|36|4400000|94,891|130.54|0.00|130.54|3.90|6.02|6.84|4.47|3.75|0.625|
|37|4450520|40,005|5.75|5.75|0.00|7.10|9.53|8.25|38.60|7.06|0.264|
|38<br>|4453020<br>|10,84!<br>|77.89|0.00|77.89|12.70|16.01|14.68|80.06|10.66|0.071|
|39|4523800|63,700|6.41|6.41|0.00|0.00|3.34|3.20|7.80|0.00|0.420|
|40<br>|4524400<br>|23,118|4.06|4.06|0.00|0.00|13.39|14.34|4.70|5.14|0.152|
|41<br>|4528042<br>|285,803<br>|3.54<br>|3.50|0.00|0.00|3.18|2.76|3.80|0.40|1.884|
|42|4614030|24,162|5.06|0.00|5.06|5.20|4.95|2.75|8.43|3.40|0.159|
|43|4661500|277,809|7.08|7.08|0.00|0.00|8.83|8.44|28.91|1.70|1.831|
|44<br>|4663000<br>|11,194<br>|<br>13.53<br>|1.53<br>|0.00<br>|0.00|11.04|9.60|46.05|0.55|0.074|
|45<br>|5195100<br>|91.366|3.27|3.27|0.00|2.60|5.36|4.55|16.75|2.30|0.602|
|46|5199700<br>|15.574<br>|2.70|2.70|0.00|5.20|7.08|8.55|5.01|4.21|0.103|
|47|5348700|10,720|19.06|19.06|0.00|0.00|12.35|11.90|23.69|4.50|0.071|
|**48**<br>|5349400<br>|15.958|3.82|3.82|0.00|12.40|6.39|5.97|9.16|10.11|0.105|
|**49**|5455500|26.384|9.56|9.56|0.00|7.20|10.68|10.19|18.06|5.62|0.174|
|**50**<br>|5461340<br>|13,901|4.11|4.11|0.00|14.00|10.05|7.67|50.92|14.31|0.092|
|St|6108413|33.688|3.73|_3.73_|0.00|7.00|11.63|11.54|0.00|1.83|0.222|
|52|6465400|16,762|5.01|3.92|19.66|0.70|9.81|10.15|8.33|0.70|0.110|

lBS OESCRIPTION 27 Womn's coats, valued over S4 each, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 28 Heterocycl ic compounds and their derivatives nes,nspf 29 Paints and enamel paints

- 30 Polyester resins,saturated,thermoplastic resins nspf 31 Calcium chloride, crude 32 Zinc sulfate 33 Butylene glycol 34 Specified drugs such as aloes, Jalap, mate, econite, cocculus Indlcus, crude 35 Sp*eCfled drugs such as aloes, jalaO, onte, aconlit, cocculus Indicus, advanced

|-|
|---|

- **36** Any of the Products of subpart c, part 3, schedule 4 of the tsus when Imported in capsules, pIlls, tablets or similar dosa 37 Acrylic and metnacrylic acid resins, ejicept polymethyl methacrylate resins **38** Synthetic plastics *aterlals,polythylene resins,high density 39 LIme _01 1_

- 40 _Orange_ oil

- 41 011s, distillet or "ssentIally IncludIng terpeneless oils, not including cedarwood, citrus, nutmeg, onion, garlic, pine, s 42 Rougesl,ipsticks,eye meke-up,not containing alcohol

- 43 Toilet oap, over 20 cents per pound 44 Synthetic detergents

- 45 Coated abrasives In the form Of shets, strips, disks, belts, sleeves, or other forms.

- 46 ADrasIve articles. nes

- 47 **Smokers',** household, and art and ornamental articles, nsaf, of fine-grained earthenuwre or Stoneware valued over S10 per d **48** Smokers' articles, household articles, and art and ornamental articles, nspf, of **nonbome chineware** or subcocoloin

- 49 Glass la.p bases

- 50 Glassware, nspf, made of glass containing by weight over **24S** lead monoxide, valued from **SI** to S3 each 51 Flanges, not alloy Iron or steel, under 14 inches inside diameter

**_52_**

- Bolts, bolts ant their nuts of iron or steel, imported together, not **elsewhere** specified
- 73 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 6 (Continued)

# OGMINICA TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1996

|||U.S.|OGMINICA NO|MINAL FREIG|HT RATE|OGMI NICA<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|" NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|*'THERS<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>OGMINICAfS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|065|<br>TSUSA|IMPORTS(S|)<br>TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|53|<br>6465600|13,401|1.81|1.86|1.22|0.19|8.47|8.78|5.24|0.20|0.088|
|54|6494320|74,999|<br>3.90|3.90|0.00|8.20|4.48|1.50|8.75|7.63|0.494|
|55|6496785|14.000|22.34|0.00|22.34|4.00|**4.33**|2.86|5.82|3.76|0.092|
|56|6499140|47,660|1.18|1.18|0.00|9.30|4.91|3.75|6.94|4.94|0.314|
|57|6502160|28,134|6.77|0.00|6.77|6.49|4.96|4.68|8.99|3.50|0.185|
|58|6509200|43.836|<br>1.28|1.82|1.02|13.82|4.61|4.08|5.91|22.49|0.289|
|59|6522430|11,207|5.52|5.52|0.00|1.50|6.87|6.67|0.00|1.11|0.074|
|60|6523030|<br>17,315|<br>5.53|5.53|0.00|0.00|9.29|9.09|25.46|0.00|0.114|
|61|6532210|21,618|1.32|0.00|2.33|0.00|0.60|9.36|0.60|0.00|0.142|
|62|6533915|<br>92,311|<br>6.06|6.06|0.00|9.00|9.49|9.24|20.44|8.24|0.608|
|63|<br>6539400|22,419|<br>6.80|6.80|0.00|4.70|9.21|8.85|23.31|3.18|0.148|
|64|6541650|51'843|5.45|5.45|0.00|2.80|10.72|9.42|31.82|1.50|<br>0.342|
|65|6572525|21,401|15.06|15.06|0.00|6.20|10.99|11.15|8.21|5.58|0.141|
|66|6572590|25.814|<br>3.18|2.34|21.45|6.20|8.37|7.90|12.71|5.43|0.170|
|67|<br>6574080|28,864|6.93|6.93|0.00|6.20|7.32|6.03|12.18|4.12|0.190|
|68|<br>6605040|10.852|<br>1.27|0.00|1.27|7.50|2.65|2.46|3.24|7.11|0.072|
|69|<br>6606719|91,280|2.87|2.61|5.61|3.29|6.03|4.80|13.89|2.68|0.602|
|70|6616890|52.604|<br>2.68|0.00|2.68|4.40|5.65|5.58|6.62|4.38|0.347|
|71|6622045|42,252|9.97|0.00|9.97|3.80|3.61|2.62|5.78|3.74|0.278|
|72|<br>6622065|<br>13,461|4.10|0.00|4.10|3.89|4.92|3.75|6.20|3.77|r.:59|
|73|6640850|2,421,522|4.08|4.08|0.00|2.80|7.28|6.23|18.73|2.73|1.M59|
|74|6641081|119,100|<br>7.67|0.00|8.25|2.40|6.74|6.47|9.44|2.34|0.785|
|75|6662560|<br>37,086|<br>7.42|0.00|7.42|3.85|4.67|3.61|7.95|3.81|0.244|
|76|6680600|46,900|3.81|3.81|0.00|0.40|4.10|3.75|7.52|0.44|0.309|
|77|6682315|38,521|5.57|5.57|0.00|3.60|4.33|4.33|9.93|3.66|0.254|
|78|<br>6682345|16,317|4.80|4.80|0.00|3.60|3.02|2.89|6.32|3.76|0.108|

OBS DESCRIPTION 53 Nuts of iron or steel, not elsewhere specified 54 Rock drilling bits with cut parts containing dutiabl alloys 55 Knives and cutting blades for power or hand machines, nes **56 Manicure** and pedicure knives, pushers, files, clippers and cleaners 57 Knives with their handles, not OIsehere spocf tIed

- 58 Scissors and shears,nspf,valued over 51.75 per _dozen_

- 59 Iron or stel welded chain, alloy, round link, under 5/16 Inch In diameter 60 Iron or stel chain, alloy, round link, 3/8 inch to 3/4 inch In diamter

- 61 Gold colns

- 62 Table, floor and other **portable** loaps for Indoor Illumination other than brass 63 Stainless steel cooking and kitChen **ware,** not enameled or glazed with v itreous glasses, not coated or plated with prec.o 64 Articles, wares, and parts **nes,** ot Iron or **steel, enmeled** or glazed with vitreous glasses, not coated or plated with proc 65 Iron or steie artieles, not specifIed, chief weight of wire

- 66 Articles nos of Iron or **steel,** not coated or plated with precious metal, other than cast Iron or steel 67 Aluminum **articles excluding** tripods and ladders, not coated or plated with precious metal, nspf

- 68 Parts of steam turbines

- 69 Parts of piston-type engines other then crpression Ignition engines **nspt** 70 Industrial **machinery** and **equipment** for **treatment** of materials involving **a** change of **teperature,** nspf

- 71 Other wrapping and packaging "achines nspf

- 72 Machinery fors cleaning or drying contelners;tiling.closing,selaing,ce psuling,or labeling conteiners;aeratlng beverages 73 Parts nspf for mwchanical shovels, coal-cutters, bulldozers, and other excavating, **levelling,** boring, and extracting macn' 74 Parts of winches,crongIs,Jacks,pullIy tackle,belt conveyors,8nd other lifting.handling,loading or unloading machinery,nes 75 Chocolate **and confectionery** machinery, and parts

- 76 Parts of machines making cellulosic pulp, paper paperboard. nes

- 77 Offset type duplicating machines weighing less than **3500** pounds

- 78 Printing presses,nes
- 74 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 6 (Continued)

# &0MINICA TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|DOMINICA NO|MINAL FREIGH|T RATE|DOMINICA<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|" NOMINAL F|REIGHT RATE|-OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>DOMINICA'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|<br>TSUSA|<br>iMPORTS(S|)<br>TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|79|<br>6682350|<br>64,604|4.33|4.33|0.00|3.60|4.52|3.93|6.35|3.61|0.426|
|80|<br>6722550|<br>92,448|2.31|2.09|4.51|2.80|3.64|2.69|4.92|2.51|0.609|
|81|<br>6745340|<br>25,376|3.98|4.65|3.41|5.08|4.96|4.07|6.36|4.77|0.167|
|82|<br>6763019|<br>60,868|10.37|6.67|19.16|3.90|3.58|2.64|8.46|3.91|0.401|
|83|<br>6765429|<br>136,206|1.37|1.37|0.00|0.00|2.95|1.79|5.43|0.00|0.898|
|84|<br>6782020|<br>105.965|3.84|0.00|3.84|3.20|7.62|7.19|10.25|2.97|0.698|
|85|<br>6785097|<br>31,499|1.21|1.21|0.00|3.90|3.74|3.36|4.45|3.78|0.208|
|86|<br>6802745|<br>10,944|7.76|0.00|7.76|3.98|2.53|1.63|5.53|3.78|0.072|
|87|<br>6803960|<br>15,734|3.90|3.90|0.00|7.30|3.43|2.83|4.52|7.06|0.104|
|88|<br>6804910|<br>44,019|4.09|4.09|0.00|2.49|4.71|4.26|6.00|2.49|0.290|
|89|<br>6804960|<br>92,427|1.87|1.87|0.00|2.80|5.34|4.36|9.81|2.67|0.609|
|90|6809530|<br>15,139|3.34|3.34|0.00|6.20|5.63|4.16|7.73|6.11|0.100|
|91|6812120|<br>14,936|3.90|3.90|0.00|6.20|5.55|4.01|9.30|5.59|0.098|
|92|6813900|<br>30.245|2.23|3.89|1.79|6.60|4.70|3.33|6.65|6.01|0.199|
|93|6832030|<br>16,833|2.55|0.00|2.55|2.60|3.80|3.03|9.00|2.36|0.111|
|94|68455CC|<br>39,054|11.13|11.13|0.00|4.10|5.96|4.57|15.91|1.69|0.257|
|95|685605i|<br>26,744|1.62|0.00|1.62|5.60|4.07|4.28|4.04|4.49|0.176|
|96|685901?|<br>12,300|1.20|0.00|1.20|5.70|4.79|3.64|6.84|5.42|0.081|
|97|685903k|<br>81,939|1.26|0.00|1.26|5.70|3.79|2.55|4.68|4.62|0.540|
|98|6859080|<br>77,159|2.55|2.08|6.47|5.70|4.16|2.61|5.60|5.06|0.509|
|99|6871040|<br>38,227|6.46|0.00|6.46|3.90|3.24|3.90|3.03|3.41|0.252|
|100|6876619|<br>15,874|0.90|0.00|0.90|4.70|1.10|2.03|1.10|4.82|0.105|
|101|6878505|22,674|1.42|0.00|1.42|0.00|2.31|1.86|2.31|0.51|0.149|
|102|6881020|23,567|6.75|0.00|6.75|8.00|7.61|7.46|24.52|7.27|0.155|
|103|6921040|<br>178,153|2.60|2.60|0.00|2.60|6.03|6.15|5.84|2.60|1.174|
|104|6923278|<br>17,610|6.00|6.00|0.00|3.30|3.18|2.53|12.47|3.16|0.116|

08S DESCRIPTION

- 79 Printing machinery,nes 80 Parts for sewing machines,nspf 8f Parts for metal-working machine tools, nos 82 Office copying machines,nes,nspf 83 Dot matrix printer units of automatic data-processing machines 84 Parts of machines for sorting, screening, sparating, washing, crushing, grinding, or mixing mineral substances in solid f

- 85 Machinery not specially provided for, and parts thereof

- 86 Valves nspf

- 87 Roller bearings (including combination roller and ball bearings) and parts.other than spherical or tapered

- 88 FIxed ratio speedehangers,manually selected,not Imported for making cellulosic pulp,paper,or cardboard

- 89 Parts of fixed,multipli,and variable ratio speed changers,each ratio selected by manual manipulation,nspf

- 90 Shaft couplings and parts threof ,nspf

- 91 Parts of chain sprock*ts,clutches and universal Joints

- 92 Maehinery parts not containing electrical features and nspf

- 93 Tools hand-dirmcted with self-contained electric motor

- 94 Electric appliance and apparatus parts nspf

- 95 Parts of radio navigational aid apparatus,nspf

- 96 Rotary switche" without auto tripping mechanism

- 97 Electrical switches, nspt with out an automatic overload or tripping mechanism

- 98 Electrical ao- ,ratus for making or breaking eIectrical circuits and parts, nspf

- 99 Electrlc dIscharge **lalps** nspf, Including ultra-violet lamps

- 100 Microwave tubes, except klystron and magnetron

- 101 Semiconductor wafers, without circuits or devices

- 102 Christmas-tree lighting sets, with or without their bulbs, and wiring **sets** similar thereto, with fittings, other than mini 103 4-whee passenger cars, used 104 Transmissions for motor venicles (except motorcycies),nes
- 75 -

# AFPNOIX TABLE 6 (Continued)

00MINICA TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.<br>|DOMINICA NO|MINAL FREIGH|T RATE|00DINICA<br>TARIFF|'OTHERS|" NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|,OTHERS<br>TARIFF|,, SHARE IN<br>DOMINICAIS|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|0ES|TSUSA|IMPORTS(S)|<br>TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|105|6923295|14,837|13,49|15.64|4.67|3.20|6.68|4,73|19.70|3.09|0.098|
|106|<br>6923460|16,951|3.47|3.47|0.00|0.00|6.21|5.96|24,38|0.00|0.112|
|107|6961530|19,921|9.04|0.00|9.04|4,40|6.34|3.96|12.80|3.16|0.131|
|10|7030560|<br>26,125|3.91|3.91|0.00|8.60|11.77|10.48|30.98|8.79|0.172|
|109|<br>7031650|<br>81,779|3.89|3.89|0.00|10,14|9.94|7.69|20.10|11.90|0.539|
|110|<br>7044504|20,912|5.86|5.86|0.00|25.00|6.02|5.99|4.70|25.00|0.138|
|III|<br>7060900|15,478|3.48|0.00|3.48|9,10|5.73|2.90|6.29|9.08|0.102|
|_112_|<br>7063650|13,628|4.33|0.00|4.33|8.20|8,66|6.74|25.11|8.39|0.090|
|113<br>|<br>7064152|27,405|5.86|5.86|0.00|20.00|8.93|7.86|32.82|19.99|0.181|
|114|7091770|13,250|1.89|0.00|1.89|4.40|2.69|1.82|3.32|4.33|0.087|
|115|<br>7092540|33.473|0.45|0.00|0.45|5.00|3.75|4.67|3.68|4.42|0.221|
|116|<br>7108080|32,445|1.16|1.16|0.00|5.20|3.68|3.36|3.93|4.91|0,214|
|II?<br>|7124960<br>|16,249|6.46|0.00|6.46|5.50|2.57|2.15|2.68|5.56|0.107|
|118|7124975|41,506|5.22|3.88|1.06|5.65|2.81|2.13|3.17|4.92|0.274|
|119|7153350|21,605|5.04|5.04|0.00|8.23|8.47|8.13|10.74|9.06|0.142|
|120<br>|7156400<br>|15,620|1.21|0.00|1.21|8.21|6.04|4.04|9.65|10.66|0.103|
|_121_|7229400|47.550|6.46|0.00|6.46|3.90|3.27|2.21|9.90|3.94|0.313|
|_122_|7242520|283,553|9.85|0.00|9.85|0.18|7.98|3,15|9.09|0.56|1.869|
|123<br>|7244010<br>|42,589|3.99|0.00|3.99|0.00|3.65|1.10|3.92|0.05|0.281|
|124|7264000|10,165|1.65|0.00|1.65|5.00|2.41|4.60|2.32|4.96|0.067|
|125|7265000|18,386|1.24|0.00|1.24|4.40|2.71|3.42|2.90|4.13|0.121|
|126|7269040|182.968|4.40|2.28|4.47|5.84|5.89|3.42|11.78|5.19|1,206|
|127|7272900|55,721|17.02|17.02|0.00|5.70|11.35|11.26|24.58|3.81|0.367|
|128|7273555|13,862|21.41|21.41|0.00|2.80|11.55|11.44|31.29|2.52|0.091|
|129|7275900|18,865|12.00|12.00|0.00|2.40|13.29|13.06|30.65|1.35|0,124|
|130|7374000|51,745|3.83|3.83|0.00|0,27|8.07|7.36|39.42|4.56|0.341|

OBS OESCRIPTION

- 105 Parts nspt for motor vehicles

- 106 Parts of tractors suitable for agricultural use

- 107 Parts nspf for yachts or pleasure Doats

- 108 Hoedwear of man-made fibers, wholly or In part of braid, nspf

- 109 Headwear, of man-made fibers, nO- In part of braid, not knit, nspf

- 110

- Cotton gloves, not lace, net, or ornamented, **made** from pre-xisting Jersey typo fabric, without fourchettes or Sidewalls

- 1Il Leather handbags valued over S20 each,not of reptilo leather

- 112 Cotton luggage, not plle or tufted

- 113 Other luggage of textilo materials except cotton. nspf

- 114 Electro-medical apparotus,nes

- 115 Dental Instruments, nes, and parts (except dental hand Instruments)

- 116 Non-optical measuring or checking instruments, and parts

- 117 Electrlcal Instruments for pnysical or chemical analyses, and viscometers, expansion meters, viscosity metors, etc., and a

- 118 Electrical measuring, checking, analyzing, or automatically-Controlling instruments ana apparatus, and Parts thereof

- 119 Nonolectric clocks, nes, with othtr movefents, valued over 510 each

- 120 Time switches, valued r.ver 52.25 to **55** each

- 121 Photofinlshing equlpaset nspf, for still pictures

- 122 Phonograph records,stereo **and** quadraphonic, 33-1/3 rpm

- 123 Laser disc sound recordings **nspf**

- 124 StrIngs for musical Instruments

- 125 **bows** and bow parts, end chin rests for violins, violas, violoncellos and double basses

- 126 MusIcal Instrument parts nspf

- 127 Non-folding chairs of wood other than teak

- 128 Wall systems, book cases, shelf units, credenzas, buffets, servers. chine closets and other cabInets, wOOd

- 129 Furniture and parts nspf, of rubber or plastics

- 130 Toy figures of animc'e objects, not having a spring mechanism, not of metal, not stuffed
- 76 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 6 (COntinue.d

DOMINICA TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||U.S.|DOMINICA NO|miNAL FREIGH|T RATE|DOMI NI CA<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|<br>SHARE IN<br>DOMINICA'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|TSUSA|<br>IMPORTSMS|)<br>TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|131|7463400|<br>11.425|3,27|3.27|0.00|5.00|17.56|16.34|49.50|1.49|<br>0.075|
|132|7603600|<br>14.971|<br>5.24|0.00|5.24|17.76|4.64|1.93|7.66|11.25|<br>0.099|
|133|7604800|<br>41.629|<br>2.25|2.25|0.00|6.29|6.34|5.12|31.68|6.47|0.274|
|134|7714334|<br>36,325|<br>0.13|0.00|1.08|4.44|6.70|6.18|24.08|3.64|0.239|
|135|<br>7721500|<br>13,133|<br>5.15|5.15|0.00|4.19|11.31|10.90|33.79|1.92|<br>0.087|
|136|7729700|<br>13,711|<br>14.22|0.00|0.00|5.70|14.28|13.95|37.99|2.25|0.090|
|137|7733510|<br>14,700|<br>5.44|0.00|5.44|4.69|5.80|4.97|7.38|3.94|0.097|
|138|7911520|<br>76.919|<br>0.86|0.00|0.86|0.00|1.69|0.81|1.70|6.04|0.507|
|139|8000035|<br>389.370|<br>2.63|3.27|2.90|0.00|2.53|4.65|1.97|0.00|2.566|
|140|8065040|<br>22.237|<br>37.55|0.00|37.55|0.00|5.08|6.45|5.75|0.00|0.147|
|141|9999500|3,809,999|<br>0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|25.110|

OEI$ OESCRIPTION

- 131 Ornamental articles of dried or Oleached natural plants

- 132 Refill cartridges for pens ana peAcils

- 133 Cas6o pencils and pencils, nspf

- 134 Film, strips, and sheots of ilekible rubber or plastics nspf, not of cellulosic plastics, over 0.009 Inch In thickness

- 135 Household articles of rubber or plastic

- 136 Religious articles of rubber or plastics, except christmas articles

- 137 Machinery belts and beiting, of rubber or plastics, flat (not contalnin g textile fibers)

- 138 Fur wearing apparel of mink skins

139 U.S. products returned after export without being advanced In value or improved In condition abroad, nos

- 140 Articles exported for repairs or alterations and returned, nes--dutiable value 141 Under $251 formal and informal entries estImated
- 77 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7

# OOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORr COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||<br>U.S.<br>|DOmINICAN<br>REPUBLIC N|OMINAL FREI|GHT RATE|DOI N ICAN<br>REPU1BLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|" NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHAREIN<br> <br>OOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|<br>TSUSA|ImPORTS(Sl|TOTAL|VESSEL|<br>AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|I|1007500|<br>75,000|4.40|0.00|4.40|0.00|5.76|28.61|5.73|0.01|0.007|
|_2_|1061060|25.625,251|5.63|5.63|6.00|0.06|16.28|16.30|22.23|2.30|2.437|
|3|1101012|<br>525.701|4.75|4.75|0.00|0.00|9.37|9.38|9.01|0.00|0.050|
|4|1103570|<br>675,851|<br>7.85|5.93|15.05|0.15|20.60|16.32|20.74|0.17|0.064|
|5|1103575|<br>154,606|7.40|7.21|10.95|0.12|12.04|11.92|20.25|_0.22_|0.015|
|6|1107080|152,029|15.78|2.53|17.41|0.00|8.83|6.96|27.32|0.00|0.014|
|7|1143000|<br>64,494|30.69|0.00|30.69|0.00|4.85|3.62|19.85|0.00|0.006|
|8|1144512|50,434|11.54|0.00|11.54|0.00|5.08|4.17|6.06|0.00|0.005|
|9|1144525|1,698,381|2.31|2.06|2.69|0.00|2.84|2.50|4.99|0.00|0.162|
|10|1144530|1,094,280|<br>1.93|1.85|2.88|0.00|3.19|2.73|6.90|0.00|0.104|
|"l|1144595|171,368|10.40|6.65|12.52|0.00|6.83|5.92|13.93|0.00|0.016|
|12|1144598|307,184|3.78|3.22|7.05|0.00|5.50|4.87|25.90|0.00|0.029|
|13|1215000|<br>85,500|3.01|2.15|0.00|4.40|6.25|4.21|13.91|5.78|0.008|
|14|1216110|52,133|_1.37_|1.02|11.51|0.00|3.94|3.30|12.66|3.65|0.005|
|15|1242540|1,126,939|<br>0.49|0.00|0.49|2.20|1.69|0.00|1.69|2.15|0.107|
|16|1246540|854,5'9|<br>0.61|0.00|0.61|3.20|1.37|0.00|1.37|4.84|0.081|
|17|1258400|744,743|63.04|34.33|<br>112.31|0.00|23.31|24.83|22.96|2.98|0.071|
|is|1351600|54,420|84.13|24.98|96.48|0.00|30.96|18.64|42.89|5.38|0.005|
|19|1360000|6,744,653|30.68|30.88|31.06|0.39|39.50|30.60|54.97|1.33|0.641|
|_20_|368000|862,295|7.27|7.27|0.00|1.!i2|29.26|26.69|58.00|0.12|o.c32|
|21|1369400|55,667|26.11|0.00|26.11|0.00|17.39|17.39|0.00|0.00|0.005|
|22|1369500|146,624|44.85|8.33|48.55|0.01|52.19|31.06|71.93|0.20|0.014|
|23|1370220|546,640|21.77|C.76|30.67|0.01|30.14|15.04|93.20|0.27|0.052|
|24|1370405|749.520|48.03|0.00|46.03|0.00|46.71|29.04|71,96|0.11|0.071|
|25|1370410|53,970|17.90|7.87|34.C|0.00|10.24|7.57|57.76|0.01|0.005|
|26|1371010|74.433|58.80|32.64|60.87|1.49|30.45|19.91|42.18|1.96|0.007|

OBS OESCRIPTI0ON

- I Hnrses, live nspf, valued over SISO per head 2 Bet without bone, fresh, chilled, or frozen

- **3** Albacore tuna, fresh, chilled, or froaen, whether or not wlhois. not otherwiso prepared or preserved 4 Fish nes, whole or partially process"d, fresh or Chilled

- 5 Fish _nos,_ **wholo** or partially **processed, frozen**

- 6 Fish nsof, fresh, chilled, or **_trozen,_** partially processed

- 7 Crabs, frGsh, chilled, or frozen, prepared or **preserveC,** Including pastes and sauces

- 8 Conch, fresh, **_chifled,_** froeion, prepared or preserved

- 9 Rock lobster taels, fresh, chilled, or trozen, prepared or preserved (ineluding pastes and **sauces)**

- 10 Lobsters nose tresh, chlled, or frozen, prepared or preserved, Including pastes and sauces it Shellfish nspf, fresh, chilled or frozen, prepared or preserved, including pastes and sauces 12 _Shellfish_ nes, frosn, chilled, frozon, prepared or preservod

- 13 Pig and hog leather

- 14 Bovine Ieather, vegetable-tanned, not tancy, upper, sPlit, not grain 15 Mink furskins, whole, dressd, not dyed

- 16 Whole mink furskins, dressed and dyed

- 17 Livc plants nspf, suitable for planting

- 18 Beans, not liees, fresh, chliled, or froze-, not reduced in size

- 19 Oasheens, fresh, chilled, cr frozen, not reduced In _size_

- 20 Okra, fresh, ch!lled or frozen

- 21 Pigeon peas, fresh or chilled, not reduced in size, if entered july I to sogemlber 30, inclus:ve In any year _22_ Peas nes. fresh or chilled, not reduced in size, it entered july I to septsber **30,** Inclusive, in any year

- 23 Pigeon peas, _fresh_ or chilled, not reduced In sizo

- 24 Snow peas, fresh or chilled, entering october I to June 30

- 25 Peas **nspf, frsh** or chilled, entering octoer I to june 30 26 Chili peppers, **fresh,** chilled, or **frozen, etc.**
- 78 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||D<br>U.S.<br>R|OOINICAN<br>EPUBLIC NO|MINAL FRfEI|GHT<br>RATE|DONINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FR|EIGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|<br>TSUSA|iMPORTSMS)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|27|1371028|1,548.287|30.31|28.62|47.39|0.41|41.88|27.80|44.01|1.57|0.147|
|28|1375000|148.342|39.44|37.98|115.10|0.00|48.78|47.90|55.80|1.13|0.014|
|29|1376000|2,031.628|51.55|51.62|24.41|0.94|55.07|-O.16|57.89|2.58|0.193|
|30|1376300|668,129|43.65|43.63|53.27|0.35|61.28|29.54|92.30|3.13|0.064|
|31|1378800|64.320|38.91|20.66|40.04|0.00|28.76|24.60|36.27|0.30|0.006|
|32|1378930|1,530.116|34.96|35.24|20.82|0.00|36.47|36.47|0.00|0.00|0.146|
|3|1379300|769.884|29.24|29.34|23.80|1.88|39.82|22.19|49.72|3.70|0.073|
|34|1379775|98.335|38.16|14.19|113.30|0.00|73.81|30.93|92.83|24.59|0.009|
|35|1380580|1,683,343|16.75|16.75|0.00|2.97|26.60|26.70|25.35|0.08|0.160|
|36|1383500|192,141|22.68|22.48|54.27|4.34|36.74|36.74|0.00|0.32|0.018|
|37|1384650|130,004|15.16|15.16|0.00|1.64|25.44|25.70|22.39|11.14|0.012|
|38|1415500|5,881,542|7.21|7.11|0.00|0.00|16.A3|17.83|0.00|0.00|0.559|
|39|1416520|410,233|6.86|7.13|0.00|0.03|23.00|23.04|696.29|13.67|0.039|
|40|1419840|402.056|31.34|31.34|0.00|2.41|11.48|11.45|47.50|10.89|0.038|
|41|1450400|2,390,466|30.43|30.44|0.00|0.00|27.69|27.33|114.08|0.00|0.227|
|42|1450800|266,542|17.50|16.75|48.72|0.00|18.54|18.28|176.79|0.00|0.025|
|43|1450900|821,241|11.42|11.42|0.00|0.00|12.78|12.75|0.00|0.68|0.078|
|44|1454400|103,250|4.12|4.12|0.00|0.00|3.84|3.86|41.48|0.00|0.010|
|45|1461000|83.090|9.74|9.74|0.00|0.00|34.59|35.53|35.70|0.00|0.008|
|46|1463000|555,2n7|30.89|19.49|62.28|7.06|43.00|33.01|126.93|20.17|0.053|
|47|1464000|202,275|26.68|24.33|92.95|0.00|32.65|32.59|68.11|0.00|0.019|
|48|1468700|470,516|12.43|12.43|0.00|0.15|9.71|9.71|0.00|0.00|0.045|
|49|1471700|433,032|8.98|8.76|47.18|0.05|17.81|17.82|15.15|0.22|0,041|
|50|1473140|669,784|28.33|28.37|26.72|0.09|14.39|14.27|46.33|2.23|0.064|
|51|1473160|123,768|16.66|16.32|36.5|0.35|24.94|24.88|0.00|1.84|0.012|
|52|1478500|73,089|8.60|8.60|0.00|0.04|17.68|17.59|19.55|0.04|0.007|

- 08S OESCRIPTION

- 27 Peppers nspf, fresh, chilled, or frozen, etc.

28 Squash, _fresh,_ chilled, or frozen, not reduced in slze

- 29 Tomatoes, fresh or chilled, not reduced in size, If entered march I-July 14, or september 1-november 14, Inclusive, In any

- 30 Tomatoes, fresh or chilled, not reduced In size, If entered november 15, In any year, to last day of february, Inclusive 31 Yams, fresh or chilled

- 32 Sweet potatoes nos

- 33 Pumpkins and breadfrult, fresh, chIlled, or frozen

- 34 VegetaDles nspf, fresh or chilled, not reduced in size 35 Okra, frozen, and cut, sliced, or othervise reducud In size

- 36 Yucca, fresh, chilled, or frozen, cut. sliced, or otherwise reduced In size

- 37 Vegetaoles nspf, frozen, cut, sliced, or reduced In size

- 38 Peas, in salt, brine, pickled, otherwise prepared or preserved

- 39 Tomato paste

- 40 VegetaDles nspf, prepared or preserved, other than frozen

- 41 Coconuts

- _42_ Coconut meat (except copra), shredded and desiccated, or simIlarly Prepared

- 43 Coconut meat (except copra) **nes.** otherwise prepared or preserved

- 44 C,osneus, shelled, blanched, or otherwise prepared or preserved

- 45 Apples, fresh

- 46 Avocados, fresh, or **prepared** or preserved

- 47 Bananas, fresh

- 48 **Cashew apples, mmeyes** colorados, sapodillas, soursops and swoetsops, fresh, or prepared or preserved

- 49 Grapefruit, prepared or preserved, if entered november I to july 31, inclusive 50 Oranges nes, fresh

- 51 Oranges nes, prepared or preserved

- 52 Guavas, prepared or preserved
- 79 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||<br>U.S.<br>|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC NO|MINAL FREI|GHT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|.NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS,<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br> <br>C0MINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OES|<br>TSUSA|<br>iPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|<br>AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|53|1480800|64,678|35.33|35.33|0.00|0.37|13.35|13.38|56.15|0.14|0.006|
|54|<br>1481200|1,292.332|100.23|100.30|74.84|1.82|45.60|45.25|59.86|0.31|0.123|
|55|1481700|606,999|88.76|88.76|0.00|0.54|42.44|42.59|51.50|12.51|0.058|
|56|1482500|87,362|101.19|101.19|0.00|0.00|57.81|57.81|0.00|0.55|0.008|
|57|1483000|787,913|83.49|83.13|131.26|0.05|59.02|61.35|48.32|0.23|0.075|
|58|1486500|659,973|10.36|10.36|0.00|0.04|10.32|10.37|4.51|0.20|0.063|
|59|1489600|2.023,882|67.42|67.42|0.00|1.00|30.47|28.36|149.91|1.84|0.192|
|60|1489820|61,773|8.57|8.57|0.00|0.32|18.79|18.81|0.00|1.16|0.006|
|61|1491000|515,645|31.04|31.13|35.89|0.00|37.09|32.05|71.56|0.00|0.049|
|62|1491500|60,948|14.76|17.20|12.61|0.00|38.32|38.23|50.60|0.11|0.006|
|63|1494000|73,951|23.91|23.91|0.00|0.00|19.06|16.79|87.05|0.00|0.007|
|64|1496000|65,678|29.20|30.03|25.38|0.00|9.74|9.53|19.71|1.42|0.006|
|65|1500500|306,658|19.55|19.38|0.00|4.17|17.08|17.02|0.00|17.02|0.029|
|66|1524300|305,262|16.63|16.63|0.00|0.48|13.99|17.30|4.01|1.22|0.029|
|67|1525400|807,619|13.32|13.25|22.38|0.02|23.00|22.73|41.15|0.68|0.077|
|68|1528840|78,303|16.85|16.85|0.00|1.90|17.56|16.91|50.81|14.24|0.007|
|69|1530800|137,442|11.73|11.72|13.10|0.00|17.37|18.36|5.00|0.00|0.013|
|70|1552025|2.346.912|6.31|6.31|0.00|0.00|23.86|10.89|30.18|0.00|0.223|
|71|1552045|96.936.080|5.12|5.18|0.00|0.00|7.09|7.37|0.00|0.00|9.219|
|72|1553500|3,207,091|8.81|8.81|0.00|0.00|10.59|20.74|0.00|0.70|0.305|
|73|1554000|9,597,486|20.22|20.22|0.00|0.01|25.46|25.46|0.00|0.05|0.913|
|74|1557000|422,204|10.79|10.81|9.35|1.:4|14.99|15.00|20.25|2.82|0.040|
|75|1557540|1,734,477|10.95|10.97|6.31|0.00|10.37|5.03|31.41|5.40|0.165|
|76|1561000|57,781,857|8.93|8.93|0.00|0.00|7.41|7.41|12.95|0.00|5.496|
|77|1563045|2,179,062|7.50|7.50|O.Ci|0.00|9.23|9.05|32.47|0.85|0.207|
|78|1563500|4,940.549|4.00|4.00|0.00|0.00|3.24|3.25|0.00|0.00|0.470|

08S DESCRIPTION 53 Mango.S, prepared or preservoe 54 Caontaloupos, fresh, if entered deembtr I to march 31, inclusive, in any year 55 Cantaloupes, fresh, If entered other than september I to may 31, and other than docember I to march 31, Inclusive **56** Watermslons, fresh, itf evtered decembtr I to march 31, inclusive, in any year 57 Fresh melons nes, if entered dtcember 1, In any **year.** to may 31, inclusivo 58 Papayas, prepared or preserved 59 PIneapples, fresh, In packages other than **crates** 60 Pineapples, prepared or preserved, in airtight containers

- 61 Plantalns, fresh

- 62 Plantains, prepared or preservtd

- 63 Tamarlnds, fresh, or prepared or preserved

- 64 Fruits nes, prepared or **preserved**

- 65 Fruit mixtures nspf, prepared or **preserved**

- **66** Fig pastes and PulpS

- 67 Guava pastes and pulps

- **68** Fruit pastes and pulps nspf

69 Guava Jelly, **Jam, oarmalads** and fruit butters 70 Sugars, sirups, and **molasses,** from sugar **cane** or sugar bets, crystalline or dry amorphous form, suitable for human consum 71 Sugars, sirups, and molasses **nes.** derived from sugar **cane** or sugar bets 72 Sugars, sirups, end **toilsses,** frog sugar cane or sugar beets, not principaliy of crystalline structure, not In dry amorpho 73 Sugars, sirups, **molasses,** and mixtures from sugar **cane** or beets w/Soluble non-sugar solids, not for sugar extractlon or hu 74 _Nonev'_

> 75 Sugars, sirups nspf, and molasses, tlavored, and sirups nspt, flavored or unflavored, consisting of blends

- 76 Cocoo beens 77 Chocolate nos, **sweetened,** not conta.. ^ g Dutartat or other 31111 solids

- 78 Cocoa butter
- 80 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

# DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||<br>U.S.<br>|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC N|OMINAL FREIG|HT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|<br>"IOTHERS|" NOMINAL FR|EIGHT RATE|"OTHERS<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>"<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|TSUSA|IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|vESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|79|1564000|<br>648,630|14.98|14.98|0.00|0.04|11.51|11.62|8.32|0.28|0.062|
|80|1571005|<br>90.623|14.68|14.68|0.00|0.00|9.75|9.63|26.67|5.99|0.009|
|81|1571010|165.827|9.76|9.76|0.00|0.29|11.54|11.52|34.48|5.02|0.016|
|82|1601020|<br>109971856|2.62|2.62|0.00|0.00|3.70|3.69|6.75|0.00|10.459|
|<br>83|1601040|3,049,170|0.90|0.90|0.00|0.00|4.70|4.42|18.64|0.00|0.290|
|<br>84|<br>1617720|<br>60,842|5.44|5.44|0.00|0.00|3.73|3.72|15.44|0.00|0.006|
|85|1653680|<br>141,891|7.20|7.20|0.00|0.00|10.93|10.59|20.26|19.99|0.013|
|86|1664040|<br>161l187|7.86|7.86|0.00|0.00|16.40|16.36|16.26|0.27|0.015|
|87|1691300|475,811|6.43|7.51|0.00|6.80|8.70|7.63|35.48|7.10|0.045|
|<br>88|1701000|<br>741,170|2.57|3.53|0.00|6.35|2.42|2.21|3,94|0.43|0.070|
|89|1701500|<br>183,962|5.96|5.96|0.00|0.00|2.17|2.10|4.06|4.29|0.017|
|90|1703230|<br>215.646|6.35|6.35|0.00|0.00|9.77|9.57|0.00|6.90|0.021|
|91|1703510|308,152|5.89|5.89|0.00|24.13|7.55|7.02|0.00|16.04|0.029|
|92|1704000|2,935,991|6.36|6.80|0.00|3.39|15.41|20.54|8.75|19.43|0.279|
|93|1704500|<br>2,622.176|<br>.175|2 86|0.00|0.27|5.01|4.94|6.22|10.05|0.249|
|94|1706020|<br>2,359,048|<br>7.80|7.51|8.08|6.2;|14.39|17.26|18.36|20.60|0.22'|
|95|1706800|<br>796,289|3.51|1.54|5.68|1.80|3.42|3.40|3.49|2.34|0.076|
|96|1707000|18,189,743|1.82|1.29|2.75|0.26|3.17|1.74|4.47|0.73|1.730|
|97|1707285|156.175|5.43|0.00|5.43|0.00|10.20|7.42|13.12|19.66|0.015|
|9e|1822000|1129274|9.06|9.06|0.00|0.00|13.24|13.14|40.02|0.44|0.107|
|<br>99|<br>1823200|,,<br>131.421|<br>3.70|3.70|0.00|0.00|8.94|8.72|40.24|2.93|0.012|
|100|1825200|220,007|9.43|9.38|19.96|0.00|6.60|6.46|70.56|6.00|0.021|
|101|1830520|<br>4,786,450|12.37|12.31|31.53|0.12|8.27|8.01|22.35|7.30|0.455|
|102|<br>1847070|<br>1,600,237|30,97|30.97|0.00|0.00|19.01|19.45|7.59|0.00|0D.;|
|103|lo"xe!0|<br>288.365|39.73|0.00|39.73|3.37|16.07|48.34|16.04|7.77|0._|
|104|1922110|70,974|38.72|0.00|38.72|2.82|35.23|10.98|35.22|7.51|_0.00O_|

OBS DESrRIPTION 79 Cocoa, unsw"tened, and cocoa eake suitable for reduction to cocoa powder 80 Czndy, and other confectionery. nepf, nOt containing cocoa or chocolate, put up for retail sale ai Candy, and other confectionery, nspf, not containing cocoa or chocolate,not put up for retall **_sale_** 82 Coffee, crude

- 83 Coffee, roasted or ground

- 84 Pepper, unground, b lck

- 65 Citrus fruit juices nsapt, not mixed and not containing **over** 1.0 percentof ethyl alcohol oy volum, concentrated

- 86 Biverages nspt, under 0.5 percent *thyl alcohol

- 87 **Rum** (including cone pareguoya) In contolners each holding not over **I gallon**

- 68 Wrapper tobacco whether mixed or pecked with

- 89 Wrapper tobacco whether mIxed or pecked with

- filler, not Ste_med

- filler, sted

- 90 Cigarette lefo **nes,** not stem_ed, burley

- 91 Cigarette **leaf,** flus-cured tobacco, **stiAd,** whether or not sixed or packed with 35 percent or **less** of wrapper<sup>tobacco</sup> 92 Filler tobacco, Including cigar leoaf, not stemmed, not mixed or not **over** 355 wrapper tobacco, nspf

- 93 Filler tobacco, including cigar **leaf,** st_md, not **mixed** or not over 355 **wrapper** tobacco, nea

- 94 Scrap tobacco, ftra cigar **leof** 95 Cigars **each** volued 151 or over but less than 231

- 96 Cigars **each** valued 231 or **over**

- 97 Clgars and **chroots,** less than 15 cents, att class g

- 98 Biscuits, **cake, coke, waters, and** similar baked products, end puddings **nes**

- 99 **Chewing** guo

- **100** Soup, **oup rolls, owp** tablets or cubes, and other soup preparations nos 101 **Edible** preperations **nspt** (Including prepared meals Individually Dpckaged

- 102 By-products **nhal,** fro **the** milling of **grains,** mixed **feeds, and mixed-feed ingrecdlnts,** except pet food 103 **Other roses nspf,** fresh, bouquets, **are.ais,** sprays, or **similar** articlos **oade** from roses or other fresh plant parts

- 104 Chrysenthuoms **fresh**
- 81 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||<br>U.S.<br>|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC N|OMINAL FREIG|IT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS|" NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS,<br>TARIFF|SHAfE IN<br>' DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|08S|TSUSA|<br>ImPORTS(S)|<br>TOTAL|VESSEL|AiR|RATE|TOTAL|vESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|'05|1925500|65,355|17.43|17.43|0.00|0.73|12.16|13.93|1,10|0.61|0.006|
|106|<br>1932560|1.842,927|33.32|33.73|6.89|0.00|14.04|13.99|15.92|0.00|0.175|
|107|2563010|103,192|11.05|11.05|0.00|0.00|17.12|17.05|51.07|0.98|0.010|
|108|<br>2568780|11,896,337|<br>2.70|2.68|5.11|0.12|7.34|5.08|23.99|5.22|1.131|
|109|2702540|2,121,865|4.69|1.35|10.17|0.00|5.78|4.48|8.47|0.00|0.202|
|110|2702580|89,743|16.54|6.43|17.66|0.00|6.15|4.74|12.22|0.00|0.009|
|111|3535052|<br>88,146|3.95|0.00|3.95|8.46|5.97|4.09|8.25|8.52|0.008|
|112|3617060|115.007|1.48|1.48|0.00|5.80|13.31|14.69|12.82|5.95|0.011|
|113|<br>3638545|60,915|17.42|17.84|12.92|14.02|7.50|6.46|17.34|13.99|0.006|
|114|3731500|97,681|1.40|0.00|1.40|8.60|6.30|2.56|6.55|8.76|0.009|
|115|3732220|1,736,386|0.79|0.00|0.79|9.48|4.91|4.21|4*.83|<br>9.60|0.165|
|116|3732230|1,233.335|0.82|0.87|_0.82_|9.30|3.88|4.13|3.82|9.30|0.117|
|117|3732235|76,169|0.72|0.L,0|0.72|9.30|4.49|4.38|4.46|9.29|0.007|
|l18|3732700|975,807|2.56|1.50|2.59|14.17|7.05|5.13|9.09|14.36|0.093|
|119|<br>3761600|276,569|3.23|1.79|5.52|7.35|8.86|3.44|22.16|7.85|0.026|
|120|3762425|99.555|1.86|1.77|1.89|32.00|2.28|2.98|2.08|31.88|0.009|
|121|3762430|20,734,769|<br>2.29|2.08|2.39|32.00|3.67|2.63|4.76|31.99|1.972|
|122|3762830|3,257,897|<br>2.48|2.39|2.64|18.00|4.06|2.66|5.96|18.00|0.308|
|123|<br>3762876|54,301|2.28|2.09|2.43|18.00|3.02|3.21|2.96|17.80|0.005|
|124|<br>3762886|139.821|2.99|2.46|6.79|18.00|3.45|3.07|3.70|17.84|0.013|
|125|3780550|1,169,240|2.38|2.81|2.37|28.57|5.40|3.36|6.41|28.23|0.111|
|126|3780553|4,144,109|2.33|2.02|2.82|28.63|6.09|4.42|7.55|28.75|0.394|
|127|3780576|1 .290,215|3.75|2.42|3.80|28.84|5.72|4.68|6.41|28.75|0.123|
|128|3781035|125,479|2.11|1.47|8.40|13.06|9.45|6.02|44.23|**12.84**|0.012|
|129|3781535|1,532,868|<br>1.91|1.70|3.24|8.69|6.06|4.02|15.48|7.97|0.146|
|ISO|3781536|936,203|2.07|1.93|3.83|8.50|7.36|4.46|18.16|8.24|0.089|

OBS DESCRIPTION iO5 Broom corn 106 Vegetable substances nspf, **crude** 107 Toilet and tacial tIss$us, towels, napkins, or siollar products cut to size

- 108 A-ticds of paoer nspf

109 Books (other than bibles anr prayer books), wholly or Chiefly in language other than englIsh

- 110 **_Books_** nspf III Ornamented fabrics and ornamented motifs, wovan, of **monmado fibers** _"12_ Floor coverings, nspf. of **textiles,** not cotton, man-made fibers, wool, coir, or Jute, not woven. or non_-oven, not on a po

- 113 Bedspreads of man-made fibers, not la.ce **net.** or ornamented

- 114 man's and boys' neckties of wool, not ornamented

- 115 Men's and boys' neckties, not knit, of silk, not ornamented nspf

- 116 Man's and **boys'** silk ne.ktis n,s,p.f., not knit, not ornamanted, containing 70 percent or **more** by weIght of silk 117 Men's and **boys'** silk neckties n.s.p.f.. not knit, not ornamented, containing less than 70 percent by weight of silk

- 118 Men's and **boys'** neckties of **man-ade, fIbors,** not knit, not ornmented

- 119 Gartert, suspenders, etc. of **manmae** fibers or of such fibers and rubber or plastics

- 120 Cotton bress **eres,** lace **net** or ornamented

- 121 **Brassieres** of man-ma_ fibers,lace,not.or ornamented

- 122 Brassieres of **aen-made** t1bers.not orn_mented

- 123 Body-supporting garmnts n.s.p.f., of mn-made fibers

- 124 Body-supporting gUrmentsaexcept bras,of textile materials other than cotton,not ornamnted

- 125 Women's girls' and Infants' cotton lace, not, or knit underwear, orn_mnted

- 126 **Women'** girls', and infants' lace, **net,** or knit underwear of man-made fibers, ornamted

- 127 Womn's, girls', and infants' underwear of man-made fibers, caamnnted not **lace, not,** or knit 128 Won s, girls', and infants' cotton Knit underwear, not lace, net, or ornanted **valud** not over 14/lb. 129 Women's, girls', and Infants' knit briefs, drawers, and undershorts of **vgetablo** fibers, not **lace, net,** or orna_nted. val 130 _Women's,_ girls', and Infants' cotton briefs, drawers, ond undershorts n.s.p.f., knit, valued over **4 per** pound
- 82 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS<sup>TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986</sup>

|||D<br>U.S.<br>R|OMINICAN<br>EPUBLIC NO|MINAL FREIG|HT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"-OTHERS|"<br>NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(S)|<br>TOTAL|vESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|131|3781540|619,043|1.91|1.70|5.71|8.58|6.78|3.64|11.43|8.41|0.059|
|132|<br>3781542|504,299|<br>1.63|1.63|0.00|8.50|6.32|4.36|0.40|8.10|0.048|
|<br>133|<br> <br> <br>3782510|<br>129.281|<br> <br>1.08|1.08|0.00|6.80|4.80|2.85|9.16|6.81|0.012|
|134|<br>3786030|<br>2,418,484|<br>2.58|2.76|2.57|23.95|6.73|5.60|10.48|24.74|0.230|
|135|<br>3786530|248,712|5.29|5.29|0.00|8.93|6.35|3.26|9.79|8.75|0.024|
|136|<br>3810240|<br>10,642.150|<br>1.11|1.03|2.87|23.63|6.40|3.29|13.00|23.70|1.012|
|<br>137|<br> <br> <br>3810524|<br>123,434|<br> <br>4.76|1.42|8.02|23.00|6.80|3.62|16.34|22.97|0.012|
|138|<br>3810530|<br> <br>189,071|<br> <br>2.40|2.27|3.41|23.88|4.91|2.76|9.06|23.46|0.018|
|139|3810540|<br>3,121,400|<br> <br>1.91|1.69|5.71|23.46|6.79|4.12|26.21|23.57|0.297|
|140|<br>3810546|1,302,974|<br>2.49|1.73|6.10|23.00|8.20|3.64|17.11|23.46|0.124|
|141|<br>3810890|<br>116,846|<br> <br>2.84|2.84|0.00|20.19|5.95|4.06|16.50|20.94|0.011|
|_142_|<br>3811750|<br>73,833|<br> <br>1.53|1.53|0.00|28.60|9.23|12.41|9.10|28.88|<br>0.007|
|143|3812810|<br>355,232|<br>3.57|3.57|0.00|28.30|3.34|3.70|0.00|28.30|<br>0.034|
|144|<br>3813130|116,701|<br>5.13|4.80|5.17|33.23|5.72|5.34|10.96|33.50|0.011|
|145|<br>3813132|51,670|10.53|0.00|10.53|32.10|6.36|4.78|9.43|32.14|<br>0.005|
|<br>146|<br> <br>3813134|<br>104,283|<br>3.05|1.11|3.07|32.10|6.65|6.08|17.78|32.04|<br>0.010|
|<br>147|<br> <br> <br>3813190|<br>1,656,058|<br> <br>3.19|2.36|10.85|32.16|4.94|4.44|13.65|32.53|<br>0.158|
|148|<br>3813320|<br>57,224|<br> <br>2.50|0.00|2.50|28.30|5.95|5.90|41.35|28.74|<br>0.005|
|149|<br>3813940|56,968|<br>5.88|2.75|12.86|17.30|12.09|4.36|18.56|17.34|<br>0.005|
|150|<br>3814130|<br>3,159,747|<br> <br>3.21|2.60|5.i8|20.97|6.91|4.12|17.47|20.98|<br>0.301|
|<br>151|<br> <br> <br>3814160|<br>706,825|<br> <br>3.52|3.01|19.72|21.00|7.91|4.03|12.09|20.75|<br>0.067|
|<br>152|<br> <br> <br>3814310|<br>126,274|<br> <br>2.51|2.51|0.00|10.20|6.4'|4.74|16.29|le).86|<br>0.012|
|153|<br>3814740|<br>619,819|<br>3.25|2.88|6.41|8.00|8.44|4.63|15.66|8.84|0.059|
|154|<br>3814770|<br>872.060|6.02|4.36|6.57|8.00|7.70|5.43|16.85|8.05|0.083|
|<br>155|<br> <br> <br>3814860|<br>1,125,541|<br>7.05|4.07|7.80|8.00|8.21|5.74|17.04|8.00|0.107|
|<br>156|<br> <br>3815020|<br>128,568|<br> <br>3.08|3.03|4.16|8.00|6.81|5.61|20.83|8.00|0.012|

0BS DESCRIPTION 131 Women's, girls', and infants' knit underwear other than bliefs,<sup>etc., of vegetab.e fibers, not lace, net, or ornamented,v</sup> 132 Women's, girl: , and infants' cotton underwear n.s,p.f., knit, valued over<sup>**54 per**pound</sup> 133 men's and Doys' cotton underwear, not knit, not lace, not,<sup>or ornamented, valued over 751 per separate piece</sup> 134 Women's, girls', and infants' knit underwear of men-meade fibers, not lace, not, or ornamented 135 women's, g.rls@, and infants' underwear ot man-made fibers, not knit, not lace, net, or ornamented

- 136 Men's or boys' cotton knit shirts nspt, ornamented

- 137 Men's or boys' lace, **net** or ornamented shirts, not knit, of<sup>cotton without two ormorecolors in the warp and/or the fill*</sup>

- 138 Men's or boys' cotton shorts, not knit, ornamented

- 139 Men's or boys' cotton denim trousers and slacks, not knit, ornamented

- 140 Men's or boys' trousers and slacks nspf. lace, net, or<sup>ornamented, of cotton, nct knit</sup>

- 141 Men's or boys' wearing apparel nspf. lace, **net,** or ornamented, of cotton, not<sup>knit</sup>

- 142 men's or boys' wool trousers, slacks, and shorts, not knit, ornamented

- 143 Men's or boys' knit dressing gowns, bath, beach, and lounging robes, and<sup>similar apparel, man-made fibers, ornamented</sup>

- _144_ men's or boys' dress shirts, not knit, **man-ma_d** fibers, ornamented

- 145 Men's or boys' lace, net, or ornamented shirts, not knit, of<sup>men-made fibers with two ormorecolors In the warp end/or th</sup>

- 146 Men's or boys' lace, **net** or ornamnted dress shirts, not knit, of man-made<sup>fibers without two ormorecolors</sup>

- 147 **Men's** or boys' trousers and slacks, not knit, man-made fiters, ornoamnted

- 148 Men's or boys' pajamas and other nightwear, not knit, ***an-made** fibers, ornamented

- 149 Men's or boys' cotton knit trousers, slacks, and shorts, nspt,<sup>not ornamented</sup>

- 150 Men's or boys' cotton knit shirts. nspt, not ornamented

- 151 Men's cotton knit sweaters, not ornamented

- 152 Men's or boys' cotton knit dressing gowns, bathl, beach, and lounging robes, and similar<sup>apparel, not ornamented</sup>

- 153 Men's or boys' cotton suit-type sport coats and jackets nspf, valued over S4 each, not ornamented,<sup>not knit</sup>

- 154 Men's or boys' cotton coats nos, not knit, valuead over **$4** each, not ornamented

- 155 Men's or boys' cotton denim coats nspf, not knit, valued over $4 each, not knit,<sup>not ornoamnted</sup>

- 156 Men's or boys' cotton dressing gowns, bath and beach robes, except corduroy,<sup>not knit, not ornaemnted, valuedover*2.50e</sup>
- 83 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (ContInued)

# DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

|||D<br>U.S.<br>R|OMINICAN<br>EPUBLIC NO|MINALFREIG|HT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHAREIN<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OS|TSUSA|<br>IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|157|<br>3815210|80,595|6.26|0.00|6.26|8.00|4.57|4.52|14.53|8.00|0.008|
|158|3815220|8,008,192|2.06|1.92|6.74|8.00|5.06|4.71|18.74|8.00|0.762|
|159|3815500|<br>4,534,532|3.35|2.95|6.45|21.00|6.03|5.14|14.43|20.99|0.431|
|160|3815620|<br>3,077,689|2.73|1.79|4.09|21.00|7.26|4.76|12.08|21.00|0.293|
|161|3815625|174.242|2.85|2.75|12.43|21.00|7.82|5.53|23.23|20.92|0.017|
|162|3815630|420.292|2.70|1.48|3.83|21.00|8.85|6.51|11.52|20.94|0.040|
|163|<br>3815650|1,426,843|4.14|2.81|7.17|21.00|7.90|5.31|15.13|20.97|0.136|
|164|<br>3815660|274.767|2.70|2.63|8.19|21.00|7.71|6.36|13.70|20.99|0.026|
|165|3815665|463.016|3.11|2.00|4.04|21.00|8.55|5.58|13.31|20.87|0.044|
|'66|3816210|9,403,183|2.31|1.84|3.94|16.50|6.31|3.99|14.88|16.51|0.894|
|167|3816220|1,178,830|3.40|2.10|6.61|16.50|6.70|4.69|28.09|16.49|0.112|
|168|3816230|2,364,934|3.51|3.30|5.16|16.50|5.65|3.88|21.76|16.50|0.225|
|169|3816240|24,697,167|2.24|1.60|4.55|16.50|6.72|3.37|18.45|16.49|2.349|
|170|3816250|75.604|3.67|1.67|5.39|16.50|4.59|3.56|19.82|16.30|0.007|
|171|3816260|502.588|4.67|1.65|6.38|16.50|6.59|5.81|23.96|16.50|0.029|
|172|3816270|<br>2,243,328|3.26|2.11|6.11|16.50|6.78|3.70|19.82|16.47|0.213|
|173|<br>3816400|63,001|2.63|0.00|2.63|9.40|2.65|2.65|0.00|9.63|0.006|
|174|3816585|212,267|3.19|3.24|2.95|9.43|6.07|4.06|14.38|9.74|0.020|
|175|3817630|611,928|4.04|3.97|19.10|18.40|5.39|3.83|9.13|18.00|0.058|
|176|3818311|1,604.626|2.16|1.90|4.62|22.31|5.03|4.13|5.98|23.35|0.153|
|177|3818315|173,492|1.57|1.57|0.00|22.26|5.70|4.48|6.93|23.56|0.017|
|178|3818357|<br>915,422|1.52|1.52|0.00|22.75|3.19|2.65|3.51|22.06|0.087|
|179|3818359|2,164,768|1.70|1.64|3.89|22.62|4.73|2.95|5.72|23.24|0.206|
|180|3818360|<br>492.139|2.53|1.30|3.62|23.91|4.54|2.66|6.44|~<br>2.61|0.047|
|181|3818642|458,914|3.70|2.54|4.57|9.50|5.05|2.60|6.72|9.21|0.044|
|182|3818815|124,289|**3.43**|2.69|17.23|31.81|6.09|4.87|12.19|31.37|0.012|
|O9S|DESCRI|PTION||||||||||

157 Men's cotton pajamas. w/2 or more colors in **the** warp and/or filling. not knit, not ornamentd. valued over **51.50** per suit 158 Men'S other cotton pajamas, not knit, not ornamented, valued over 51.50 per suit 159 Men's cotton sport shirts .u/2 or more colors in the warp and/or **the** fliling, not knit, not ornamented 160 Men's other cotton dress shirts, not knit, not ornamented 161 Boys' cotton dress shirts, w/2 or more colors in the warp and/or the filling, not knIt, not ornamented,

- 162 Boys' other cotton dress shirts, not knit, not ornamented

- 163 men's other cotton sport shirts, not knit, not ornamented

164 Boys' cotton sport snirts, w12 or more colors in **the warp** and/or **the** filling, not knit, not ornamented

- 165 Boys' other cotton sport shirts, not knit, not ornamented 166 Men's or boys' cotton shorts, not knit, not ornamented 167 Men's cotton denim trousers and slacks, not knit, not ornamnted 168 men's cotton corduroy trousers and **slacIk.** not knit, not ornamented 169 men's cotton trousers and slacks **nspt,** not knit, not ornamnted

- 170 Boys' cotton denim trousers **and** slacks, not knit, not ornamented 171 Boys' cotton corduroy trousrs and slacks, not knit, not ornamented 172 Boys' cotton trousers and slacks nspf, not knit, not ornamented 173 Parts of men's or boys' cotton shirts, not knit, not **ornmented**

- 174 **men's** or **boys' wearing** appiarel nspt, not ornamented, of cotton, not knit

- 175 Men's other wool knit sweaters, not ornamented, valued over 55 per lb 176 Men's wool suit-type coats and jackets, not knit. not ornamented, valued over S4 **per** lb

- 177 Men's or boys' woo overcoats, topcoats, and car coats, not knit, not ornamnteU, valued **over 54** per lb 178 Men's or boys' suits nspf, jacket with single back panel, not 2 pairs of pants, not ornamented, of wool, not knit, valued 179 Men's or boys' suits nspt, not with two palrs of pants, not ornamented, of **wool,** not knit, valued over S4 por pound 180 Men's or boys' wool trousers, Slacks, and snorts, not knit, not ornamented, **valued** over **54** per lb 181 Men's or boys' suit-type coats and Jackets nspf, not ornamented, of silk, not knit, subject to wool restraints 182 Men's or bQys' knit shorts of man-made fibers, not ornamented
- 84 -

# APPENOIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

# DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES<sup>IN 1986</sup>

|||<br>U.S.<br>|OOMINICAN<br>REPUBLICNO|MINALFREIG|HT RATE|DOM_I N_I CAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINALFRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHARE IN<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|09S|TSUSA|<br>IMORTS(5)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|183|<br>3818930|381,299|_2.23_|1.92|9.21|34.32|6.71|5.29|25,86|34.92|0.036|
|184|3819035|<br>381.962|3.29|3.29|0.00|35.64|6.86|5.48|24.09|35.25|0.036|
|185|3819040|200,167|7.21|4.92|18,49|35.01|6.47|5.53|18,2b|55.19|0.019|
|186|3819205|1,099,257|3.62|3.39|11.81|23.20|9.25|9.41|9,03|22.67|0.105|
|187|3819210|<br>1,814,301|2.74|1.97|6.32|23.75|13.16|5.61|52.93|22.93|0.173|
|188|3819222|<br>64,824|14.15|12.43|18.06|23.59|8.50|5.14|38.71|22.57|0.006|
|189|3819510|6.313.041|2.79|2.79|3.60|29.23|5.06|3.69|8.92|28.85|0.600|
|190|3619525|61,014|1.72|1.72|0.00|29.33|4.65|4.11|18.25|29.70|0.006|
|191|3819530|92.823|6.34|9.92|5.60|29.44|8.10|6.72|21.16|30.24|0.009|
|192|3819535|53,431|2.10|0.00|2.10|30.08|6.19|6.10|12.23|29.23|0.005|
|193|3819540|<br>1,019,945|4.71|4.08|5.89|29.76|7.45|6.16|_il.85_|29.34|0.097|
|194|3819547|64,239|2.07|1,95|2.08|29.85|7.91|7.10|15.06|30.04|0.006|
|195|3819550|564,459|2.70|2.80|2.32|28.62|6.24|5.70|21.34|29.40|0.054|
|196|3819564|539,253|2.73|2.48|7,46|29.66|4.95|4.60|7.35|28.84|0.036|
|197|3819568|86.674|2.20|1.92|6.01|29.93|4.79|3.37|11.36|28.97|0.008|
|198|3819575|18,588.216|2.02|1.76|4.30|29.93|4.67|3.42|15.95|30,27|1.768|
|199|3819580|1,008,192|2.45|1.65|15,60|30.39|6.07|4.18|28.19|30.77|0.096|
|_200_|3019585|3,126,826|2.19|1.81|3.54|29.72|5.16|4.35|17.65|30.03|0.297|
|201|3819830|<br>787,270|2.07|1.79|6.98|19.69|5.73|5.41|30.08|20.38|0.075|
|_202_|3840220|56,708|2.35|2.05|4.47|23.30|6.04|7.02|3.64|23.30|0,005|
|_203_|3640225|<br>58,754|2,53|2.40|5.94|23.30|6.21|5.27|6.36|23.30|<br>0.006|
|<br>204|<br>3040226|<br>416317|<br>0.91|0.91|0.00|23.95|8.15|4,97|15.69|24,10|0.040|
|<br>205|<br>3840228|,<br>409.697|1.20|1.09|2.16|23.92|7.62|3.19|14.17|24.34|0.039|
|206|3840231|64.227|1.69|1.42|3.37|23.30|9.90|4.76|14.67|_23.28_|<br>0.006|
|207|<br>3840240|152.635|0.96|0.96|0.00|23.30|5.28|1.86|15.08|23.30|0.015|
|208|<br>3840501|804,453|6.74|2.59|7.34|19.60|12.73|3.55|17.15|19.58|0.071|

- 8$ ttESCRIPTION

- 183 Men's _or_ boys' knit shirts nspf, of man-_ade fIbers, not ornamented 184 Men's knit sweaters of man-made fibers, not ornamented 185 **Bays'** knit sweaters of man-made fibers. not orneAented 186 Men's or boys' knit dressing gowns, bath, boO,, and lounging robes, and similar apparel, of **man-mde** fibers, not ornamnt 187 Men's or **boys'** knit pajamas and other nightwear, of man-made flObrs, not ornawnted 188 Man's or **boys' coats** and jackets nspf without full frontal openings, not ornamented, of **man-ad"** fibers, knit 189 men's woven suit-type coats and jackets, not Knit, of man-oade fibers, not ornamented 190 Men's or boys' woven cpo jackets, not _knill,_ of man-made _fibers,_ not ornamented 191 Men's or boys' woven coats nspf, not knit, of man-made fibers, not ornawnted 192 Men's or boys' **woven** dress shir.. .th 2 or **more**<sup>colors</sup> In **tnh** warp and/or **the** filling, of man-esd. fibers, not knit, not 193 **Men's** or **boys' woven dress** Shirts nsap, no.' knit, of man-made _fibers,_ not ornamented 194 Men's or boys' work shirts not ornammted, of manmade fibers, not knit, with two or **more** colors In the warp and/or the fi 195 Men's or **boys'** woven sport shirts nIth 2 or more colors In the warp and/or the tilling, not knit, of **an-ealde fibers,** not 196 Mon's or boys' suits nspf having jacket with single pack panel, not with two pairs of pants, not ornamnted, Of manade f 197 **fen's or boys' suits** **_naspf._** not having Jacket with **single** back panel or two pairs<sup>of pants, not orn_ntd,</sup> of **man-made** fib 198 **Men** s woven **trousers** and slacks, not knit, of **man-made fibers,** not ornamented 199 **oave'** Woven trouswes and slocks, not knit, of **man-made**<sup>**fibers.**not ornaented</sup> **200 Men's** or _boys'_ wo _._.a_ shorts, not knit, of man-made<sup>fibers, not ornamented</sup> 201 **Mon s** or **boys'** woven pajamas and other nigntw ar,<sup>not knit, of</sup><sup>**man-made**</sup> fibers, not ornamented 202 **Lace, net** or ornamented cotton knit t-shirts,<sup>for infants (excluding infant</sup><sup>**boys**over24months of</sup><sup>**age)**</sup>

- 203 Lace, not or ornamented cotton knit sweatshirts, for<sup>infants (excluding Infant</sup><sup>**boys**over 24</sup><sup>**onthsof age)**</sup> 204 Infant boys' (over 24 months of age) shirts nspf, lace, not,<sup>or ornamented,of cotton,</sup> knit 205 **women's,** girls', or infants' shirts nspt, face, net, or ornamented, of cotton, knit **_206_** Lace, **net** or ornamented cotton knit shirts nee, for women<sup>and</sup><sup>_girls_</sup> 207 Lace, net or orna_nted cotton knit jogging, warm-up,<sup>and similar athletic</sup><sup>**Jackets**for</sup> Infant **boys** over **24** months of age **206 Woman's** cotton blouses, **not** knit, ornamented, lace or **net**
- 85 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS ro<sup>THE UNITED STATES IN 1986</sup>

|||D<br>U.S.<br>|OMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC N|OMINAL FREIG|HT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|-OTHERS"|NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|"OTHERS"<br>TARIFF|SHAREIN<br> <br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|OBS|TSUSA|IMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|209|3840505|334,483|2.89|0.97|3.07|20.82|9.19|3.46|14.05|20.33|0.032|
|210|3840608|<br>98,753|1.96|1.13|3.43|23.43|7.04|3.44|24.35|23.62|0.009|
|<br>211|<br>3840731|<br>245,594|3.35|2.84|3.93|23.38|13.50|3.76|20.76|23.65|0.023|
|_212_|<br>3840825|<br>82.700|1.50|2.77|1.31|22.28|7.70|6.84|14.52|20.28|0.008|
|213|3840905|89,963|4.15|0.67|4.84|20.19|11.61|3.99|13.87|20.69|0.009|
|214|3840922|<br>241,317|2.60|2.54|4.63|20.00|6.03|4.72|15.35|20.00|0.023|
|<br>215|<br>3840925|<br>273,228|2.81|2.82|2.80|21.55|7.29|5.62|12.41|20.69|0.026|
|<br>216|<br>3840996|<br>265,842|2.56|1.03|4.08|20.00|8.00|7.40|8.73|20.19|0.025|
|<br>217|<br>3841580|<br>113,321|1.27|1.27|0.00|28.60|5.15|3.50|5.60|27.79|0.011|
|<br>218|<br>3841807|<br>573.349|2.96|1.43|5.20|36.32|15.92|4.97|22.51|36.44|0.055|
|<br>219|<br>3841841|<br>329,742|2.63|2.42|3.85|36.30|8.54|4.56|23.74|36.46|0.031|
|<br>220|<br>3842205|<br>1.515,225|3.47|2.95|4.42|28.63|7.62|6.12|13.50|27.85|0.144|
|_221_|<br>3842213|<br>274,031|4.23|4.23|0.00|28.39|9.64|5.52|11.93|28.63|0.026|
|222|3R42220|<br>1,031,191|6.71|2.02|7.43|28.49|6.09|5.36|11,36|28.01|0.098|
|223|<br>3842224|<br>1,004,207|4.71|2.36|7.07|28.39|7.41|6.51|9.13|28.72|0.096|
|<br>224|<br> <br>3842305|<br>1.048.730|4.24|3.62|4.81|32.30|9.34|3.52|13.60|32.39|0.100|
|225|<br>3842314|72.460|5.52|26.37|4.56|32.30|5.80|4.43|9.15|32.38|<br>0.007|
|_226_|<br>3842329|74,494|1.93|1.91|3.42|32.10|4.72|3.90|7.08|32.54|0.007|
|227|3842345|<br>76,740|3.49|1.94|5.91|32.41|4.16|3.63|14.00|32.45|0.007|
|228|3842505|<br>163,316|5.63|0.00|5.63|28.92|10.99|4.24|12.65|28.77|0.016|
|<br>229|3842515|<br>132,003|3..9|0.00|3.69|28.42|6.47|5.74|7.83|28.83|0.013|
|<br>230|3842520|<br>245,418|2.70|2.18|2.92|28.30|6.71|4.51|10.41|28.65|0.023|
|<br>231|3842525|<br>3,292,844|2.41|1.78|3.47|28.62|6.85|3.92|9.92|28.55|0.313|
|<br>232|<br>3842806|<br>59,543|4.47|5.76|4.26|21.00|11.93|5.08|20.55|20.92|0.006|
|233|3842815|<br>534.048|3.95|2.80|5.98|21.00|10.76|3.77|16.70|20.96|0.051|
|234|3842850|131,652|6.49|6.58|6.47|21.00|9.27|4.70|12.20|20.93|0.013|

sBS DESCRIPTION

- 209 Womn's cotton blouses, not knit, ornalmentred, lace or net 210 Women's denim, including brushed denim, trousers and slacks nspf, lace, not, or ornamented, of cotton, not knit 211 Women's trousers and slacks nspf, lace, not, or ornamented, of cotton, not knit 212 Infants' sets, up to and including 24 months of **age,** not knit, of cotton, ornamented 213 Women's cotton dresses, not knit, ornamented, **lace** or net 214 Women's, girls', or Infants cotton pajoms and other nightwear, not knit, ornamented, lace of net 215 Women's, girls', or infants cotton pajamas and other nightw*ar, not knit, ornamented, lace or **net** 216 Women's, girls', or infants' wearing apparel nspt, lace, **net,** or ornamented, of cotton, not knit 217 Women's, girls', or Intants' coats nspt, **lace, net,** or ornamented, of wool,<sup>not knit</sup> 218 Women's other knit blousOs of **man-mad** flbrs, ornamentd, lace or not 219 Women's other knit shirts of man-maid. fibers, ornmented, lace or **net** 220 Womn's, girls', or Infants' knit coveralls, overalls, and jumpsuits of man-made fibers, ornaented 221 Women's knit drosses of **man-W.ad fibers,** ornaented 222 Women's, girls', or Infants' knit drossing gowns, both and beach robes, and similar apparel, ornamented 223 Women's, girlst, or Infants' pajamas and other nightwear nspf, knit, of man-made fibars, **laco,** not, or ornamented 224 Woman's blouses and shirts of **man-made** fIbors, not knit, ornamented _225_ Infants' blouses and shirts nspt, **lae,** net, or ornamented, Of man-made fibers, not knit 226 Won's, girls', or infants' suits nspf, Identical fabric, jacket with single back panel, lace, not or ornamented, man-mad 227 Women's trousers or slacks of maon-*ade fibers, not knit, ornamented, lace or net 228 Women's dresses of man-,mad fibers, not knit, ornamented, lace or net 229 Infants' dresses of man-made fibers, not knit, ornmented, lace or net 230 Wmetn's, girls', or Infants' dressing gowns, bath and beach roOes. and sImilar apparel,mian-eade fiber.not knit, ornamentjd 231 Woman's, girls', or infants' pajamas and other nightwear of man-made fibers, not kalt, ornamented. **ace** or **net** 232 Woman's cotton knit tank tops, not ornamwnted 233 Women's blouses, knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 234 Women's cotton knit sweaters, not Ornamented
- 86 -

## APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

# DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT cosr<sup>PROFILE FOR EXPORTSTOTHE UNITED STATES IN 1986</sup>

|||<br>U.S.<br>R|DOMINICAN<br>EPUBLICN|OMINAL FREIG|HT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|-OTHERS|"NOMINAL FRE|IGHT RATE|OTHERS-<br>TARIFF|SHARE N<br>,<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|0S|TSUSA|iMPORTS(S)|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|EXPORTS|
|235|3842934|72,759|5,17|2.17|5.90|21.00|14.70|5.44|27.88|22.32|0.007|
|236|3842935|<br> <br>293,533|4.06|3.18|5.99|21.00|11.37|6.07|15.09|_21.00_|0.028|
|237|3842950|<br>327,006|4,65|2.12|6.34|21.00|8.34|4.18|15.27|20.94|0.031|
|<br>238|3842980|<br>367,320|<br>2.86|2.64|5.63|21.00|6.74|4.86|11.69|19.58|0.035|
|<br>239|3843013|<br>103,398|4,44|4.33|4.74|17.30|5.56|4.10|7.00|17,13|0.010|
|240|3843035|596.442|3.43|3.08|4.42|17.32|10.78|3.45|14.83|17.28|0.057|
|241|3843210|91,095|12.08|0.37|12.37|13.50|10.75|3.97|14.02|13.78|0.009|
|242|3843428|82,381|2.58|2.46|2.69|11.29|6.71|4.66|13.57|11.06|0.008|
|243|3843500|<br>330,871|4.65|3.21|8.52|9.40|14.69|8.18|26.82|9.91|0.031|
|244|3843760|<br>67.235|5,17|0.00|5.17|8.00|11.80|5.09|23.42|8.07|0.006|
|245|3843767|81.010|5.99|0.00|5.99|8.00|7.71|5.46|10.54|7.98|0.008|
|246|3843777|759,032|5.27|3.02|9.49|8.00|10.90|7.71|17.85|7.94|0.072|
|247|3844000|154,491|5.17|4.73|5.36|8.00|9.28|5.02|21.32|7.97|0.015|
|248|3844215|430,939|2.40|1.63|3.78|8.00|6.40|5.20|16.52|8.00|0.041|
|249|3844602|<br>89.038|4.28|0.00|4.28|16.50|6.78|4.07|17.48|16.50|0.008|
|250|3844605|53,765|5.41|0.00|5.47|16.50|13.44|4.14|17.39|16.49|0.005|
|251|3844608|358,930|3.96|2.02|5.32|16.50|9.43|4.76|20.55|16.50|0.034|
|252|3844609|5,459,066|4.04|2.19|5.26|16.50|9.78|4.24|14,67|16.46|0.519|
|253|3844611|189,608|3.81|1.86|6,38|16.50|.07|4.66|9.31|16.45|0.018|
|254|3844614|<br>3,510,069|3.41|2.19|4.06|16,50|-.51|4.29|17.02|16.50|0,334|
|<br>255|3844620|<br>138,845|2.84|1.88|6.05|16.50|6.73|6.67|8.04|16.44|0.013|
|<br>256|<br> <br>3844621|<br>92,17|3.59|0.00|3.52|16.50|7.70|6.79|8.35|16.59|0.009|
|<br>257|<br> <br>3844647|<br>1,201.021|3.21|2.42|4.26|16.50|7.01|4.27|25.06|16.46|0.114|
|258|3844650|<br>1.308,471|2.21|2.09|5.23|16.50|6.80|3.98|14.84|16.46|<br>0.124|
|259|3844652|<br>743,064|2.62|2.18|5.31|16.50|7.96|4.82|20.85|16.50|0.071|
|260|<br>3844720|<br>254,854|2.98|2.13|4.14|16.50|6.13|4.19|12.13|16.68|0.024|

0S DESCRIPTION 235 Cotton knit sweatshirts for Infant nos, not ornamented 236 Cotton knit sweatshirts for wowan and girls, not ornamented 237 woman's other cotton knit shirts, not ornamented 238 Infants' snirts, knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 239 Cotton knit coats and Jackets **imported**<sup>as parts of suits</sup> for woman and girls, not ornamented

- 240 Woman's other cotton knit trousers and slacks, not ornamented

- 241 Women's cotton knit drosses, not ornamented

- 242 Woman's, girls', or Infants' playsuits, sunsuits, washsuits, and similar apparel, Unit, of cotton, not ornamented 243 Women's, girls', or infants' cotton coats, not knit, valued **54** or less, not ornamented 244 Cotton suit-type coats **end** Jackets, not ornamented, valued **over S** each,<sup>nspf,not knit,</sup> for _womn_ and girls 245 Womn's, girls', or Infants' suit-type coats and Jackets, valued over S4 each, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf

- 246 Women's coats, valued over **54** each, not knit, of cotton, not ornmanted nspf 247 wonn's, girls', or Infants' **other** Cotton dressing gowns, bath and beach robes, not knit, not ornamented, valued over S2.5 248 Wen's, girls', or infants' other cotton pajams, not knit, not ornamented, valued over 51.50 par suit 249 **Womn's** cotton poplin and brodcloth blouses, not knit, not ornamented

- 250 Noman's coton blouses with 2 or **more** coiors In **te** warp and/or the filling, not knit, not ornamented

- 251 Womn' eotton blous wIth 2 or more coiors In the warp and/or the filling, not knit, not ornmnted

- 252 Women's other cotton blouses, not knit, not ornamnted

- 253 GIrls' or Infants' other Cotton **blouses,** not knit, not ornamented

- **254** Women's other cotton blouse, not knit, not ornamented

- 255 Male Infants' cotton **sport** shirts, not knit, not ornamented

- 256 Male Infants' Cotton shirts except sport, not knit, not ornamented 257 Women's cotton **denim** trousers and slacks, not knit, not ornamented

- **258** Women's, girls'. or Infants' trousers and slacks, denim, including brushed denim, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 259 Trousers and slacks of cotton denim (including brushed denim) not ornamented, for<sup>girls</sup> 260 Infants' shorts, boys over 24 months of age, not<sup>knit,</sup> of cotton, not ornamented nspf
- 87 -

# APPENDIX TABLE 7 (Continued)

# DOmINICAN REPUBLIC TRANSPORT COST PROFILE FOR EXPORTS TO THE UNITED<sup>STATES IN 1986</sup>

|||<br>U.S.<br>|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLICNO|MINALFREIG|HT RATE|DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC<br>TARIFF|"OTHERS"|NOMINALFREI|GHTRATE|,OTHERS,<br>TARIFF|SHAREIN<br>DOMINICAN<br>REPUBLIC'S|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|03S|TSUSA|llPORTS(SI|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RATE|TOTAL|VESSEL|AIR|RArE|EXPORTS|
|261|3844723|88,002|2.46|2.46|0.00|16.50|6.57|5.73|15.72|16.92|0.008|
|262|3844724|276,453|3.94|4.01|3.69|16.50|7.99|4.46|16.67|16.51|0.026|
|263|3844725|<br>1,287,009|3.63|2.10|5.75|16.43|9.57|4.33|16.81|16.48|0.122|
|264|3844735|<br>491,319|3.07|2.42|5.79|16.50|6.08|4.41|22.27|16.50|0.047|
|265|3844747|299.817|2.65|2.20|5.31|16.50|5.21|4.42|21.12|16.50|0.029|
|266|5844765|2,779,752|4.36|3.22|6.48|16.50|7.71|3.77|17.45|16l8|0.264|
|267|3844774|255,430|3.94|1.93|5.99|16.50|7.20|4.84|15.22|16.50|0.024|
|268|3844775|239,396|1.92|1.72|4.95|16.50|6.67|3.98|14.23|16.49|0.023|
|269|3844776|<br>109,901|3.30|1.77|6.65|16.50|7.54|3.82|16.72|16.49|0.010|
|270|5844782|77,103|4.02|0.98|5.88|16.50|9.78|4.56|14.83|16.42|0.007|
|271|3844786|96,189|5.50|0.82|6.39|16.50|12.86|4.53|17.65|16.44|0.009|
|272|3844925|492,870|7.21|2.71|7.78|12.94|10.90|4.31|13.20|12.91|0.047|
|273|3845110|131,832|5.38|4.06|22.01|9.40|7.71|5.22|20.92|9.46|0.013|
|274|3845120|<br>!62,432|4.27|3.34|4.61|10.03|9.36|4.99|22.11|9.68|0.015|
|275|3845222|<br>452,501|5.62|1.39s|5.94|9.40|12.42|4.99|20.40|9.38|0.043|
|276|3845227|79,679|3.33|1.42|3.51|10.06|10.98|4.42|14.74|9.77|0.008|
|277|3845228|55,447|1.86|1.86|0.00|9.85|6.72|5.83|12.39|10.02|0.005|
|278|3845234|684,032|3.49|3.15|3.50|9.64|8.31|4.93|17.61|9.81|0.065|
|279|3845237|584,241|3.38|2.67|12.64|9.68|8.70|4.44|16.13|9.89|0.056|
|280|3845251|<br>2,545,808|3.16|2.60|6.15|9.46|11.41|4.84|16.05|9.82|0.242|
|281|3845675|<br>267,599|2.50|1.44|8.34|4.44|5.10|4.88|8.96|4.16|0.025|
|282|3845690|<br>341,126|7.07|5.41|24.22|2.16|7.76|5.01|iG.44|3.99|0.032|
|283|3845694|142,046|5.82|5.82|0.00|3.80|8.71|4.19|14.30|3.80|0.014|
|284|3845697|104,090|8.70|9.13|8.05|3.31|6.33|3.68|13.35|4.03|0.010|
|285|3846371|387,716|11.39|0.00|6.34|18.18|7.24|5.63|10.15|17.87|0.037|
|286|3847215|1.254,947|2.94|2.02|4.71|23.16|4.90|3.89|6.02|21.72|0.119|

OBS DESCRIPTION 261 Cotton shorts, not knit, not ornamented, for infants (excluding infant boys over 24 months of age) 262 Cotton shorts, not knit, not ornamented, for womn and girls 263 Women's, girls', or infonts' shorts, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 264 Women's cotton corduroy trousers and slacks, not knit, not ornamented 265 Cotton corduroy trousers and slacks, not ornamented, for girls 266 Women'S other Cotton trousers and slacks, not knit, not ornamented Cotton trousers and slacks nsof, not knit, not ornamented, for infants (excluding Infant boys over 24 months of age) 267 Women's, girls', or infants' trousers and slacks, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented napf 268 Cotton trousers and slacks nspf, not knit, not ornamented, for Infants (excluding infant boys over 24 months of age) Women, girls', or infants' other cotton Shirts, not knit, not ornaented Women's girls', or Infants garments, nsfp 269

- 270 Women, girls', or infants' other cotton Shirts, not knit, _271_ Women's girls', or Infants garments, nsfp 272 Woen's, girls', or Infants# other cotton dresses, not knit, not ornamented 273 Women's corduroy skirts, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 274 Women's denim Skirts, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 275 Women's coverall, overalls, juspsults, and similar apparel, **vh.ther** or not known as playsuitS, not knit, of cotton, not or 276 Women's coverall, overalls, jumpsuits, and similar apparel, whether or not known as playsults, not knit, of cotton, not or 277 Girls' and infants' coveralls, overalls, jumpsuits, and similar apparel, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 278 Women's, girls', and Infants coveralls, playsuits rnd similar apparel, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 279 Women's, girls', or Infants' divided skirts and culottes, not knit, Of cotton, not ornamented nspf

- 278 Women's, girls', 279 Women's, girls', or Infants' divided skirts and culottes, 180 Women's skirts, not knit, of cotton, not ornamented nspf 241 Wmn's, girls', or Infants' suits, not knit, subject

241 Wmn's, girls', or Infants' suits, not knit, subject to man-made fiber restraints, of vog. fibers, except cotton, not orn 252 Womn's, girls', or infants' Coats and jaCkets, not knit, of vegetable fibers, not ornamented nspf 263 Women's, girls', or InfantS' skirts and culottes<sup>**ns,sp.f.,**of vegetable fibersexceptCotton, not</sup><sup>**knit**</sup> 284 Women's, girls', or infants' trousers,<sup>slacks, and shorts, not knit, of</sup><sup>**vegetable**fibers,</sup><sup>**excePt**cotton, not ornamented ns</sup> 285 Women's other wool knit sweaters, not ornamented, valued<sup>over 55/1lb</sup>

- Women's, girls', or Infants' wool suit-type coats and jackets, not ornamented, valued over<sup>54 per pound</sup>

_286_