|**Contents**|
|---|
|1.<br>Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4|
|2.<br>Literature Review .......................................................................................................................................................... 5|
|3.<br>Main Trends ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7|
|3.1.<br>Gross Value Added ............................................................................................................................................... 7|
|3.2.<br>Employment ......................................................................................................................................................... 11|
|3.3.<br>Productivity and Elasticities .......................................................................................................................... 14|
|4.<br>Productivity Analysis ................................................................................................................................................. 19|
|4.1.<br>Decomposition at the Aggregate Level ...................................................................................................... 19|
|4.2.<br>Decomposition at the Sectoral Level .......................................................................................................... 20|
|5.<br>Conclusions..................................................................................................................................................................... 25|
|References ................................................................................................................................................................................ 27|
|Annex 1: Employment Characteristics ......................................................................................................................... 29|
|Annex 2: Additional Tables and Graphs ....................................................................................................................... 37|

|**Tables**|
|---|
|Table 1: Gross Value Added ................................................................................................................................................. 7|
|Table 2: Sectoral GVA Shares .............................................................................................................................................. 8|
|Table 3: Demographic Statistics ...................................................................................................................................... 12|
|Table 4: Labor Market Status of the Working Age Population (10+)............................................................... 13|
|Table 5: Employment by Sector ....................................................................................................................................... 14|
|Table 6: Productivity by Sector........................................................................................................................................ 15|
|Table 7: Labor Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa (2005).................................................................................. 17|
|Table 8: Aggregate Decomposition of GVA per capita ............................................................................................ 19|
|Table 9: Sectoral Decomposition of GVA per capita (1996–2011) ................................................................... 21|
|Table 10: Sectoral Contributions to Inter-Sectoral Shifts (1996-2011) ......................................................... 22|
|Table 11: Sectoral Decomposition of GVA per capita (Several Periods) ........................................................ 22|
|Table 12: Decomposition of Productivity Growth (unweighted averages, 1990-2005) .......................... 23|
|Table 13: Country Rankings of Contributions to Productivity Growth (1990-2005) ............................... 24|
|Table 14: Interpreting Employment Elasticities ...................................................................................................... 37|
|Table 15: Poverty and Inequality .................................................................................................................................... 37|
|Table 16: Consumption Shares ........................................................................................................................................ 37|
|Table 17: Contributions to Output Per Capita Growth in the Republic of Korea (1970-1990) ............ 38|
|Table 18: Studies on Structural Change ....................................................................................................................... 39|
|Table 19: Productivity, Output and Employment Growth (%) ........................................................................... 40|
|Table 20: Within-Sector and Reallocation Effects on Labor Productivity Growth (%) ............................ 40|

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