36

# **Appendix I: Overview of the Data Sources Underlying the Global Financial Development Database**

This is just a summary; for more on the Global Financial Development Database, including the individual country data and meta-data, see http://www.worldbank.org/financialdevelopment and http://data.worldbank.org/datacatalog/global-financial-development.

**<u>A Database on Financial Development and Structure</u>** (updated November 2010). This database was used a starting point for many of the basic indicators of size, activity, and efficiency of financial intermediaries and markets. Beck, Demirgüç-Kunt, and Levine (2010) describe the sources and construction of, and the intuition behind, different indicators and present descriptive statistics.

**<u>Bankscope</u>** by Bureau van Dijk was used to obtain and update data on banks. Bankscope combines widely-sourced data with flexible software for searching and analyzing banks. Bankscope contains comprehensive information on banks across the globe. It can be used to research individual banks and find banks with specific profiles and analyze them. Bankscope has up to 16 years of detailed accounts for each bank.

**<u>Bloomberg</u>** <u>,</u> **<u>Dealogic</u>** <u>, and</u> **<u>Thomson Reuters Datastream</u>** were used to obtain higher frequency data on stock exchange and bond markets that were aggregate on country level. **_<u>Doing Business</u>_** **<u>database</u>** . This database, a part of the _Doing Business_ project, offers an expansive array of economic data in 183 countries, covering the period from 2003 to the present. The data cover various aspects of business regulations, including those relevant to financial sector development issues, such as contract enforcement and obtaining credit.

**<u>IMF’s access to finance database</u>** . The database aims to measure systematically access to and use of financial services systematically.  Following Beck, Demirgüç-Kunt, and Martinez Peria (2007), the database measures the reach of financial services by bank branch network, availability of automated teller machines, and by four key financial instruments: deposits, loans, debt securities issued, and insurance. The website contains annual data from about 140 respondents for the six-year period, including data for all G-20 countries.

**<u>The Global Financial Inclusion Index (Global Findex)</u>** is a new database of demand-side data on financial inclusion, documenting financial usage across gender, age, education, geographic regions and national income levels. The core set of indicators and subindicators of financial inclusion based on the Global Findex database include _Use of bank accounts_ (% of adults with an account at a formal financial institution, purpose of accounts, frequency of transactions; % of adults with an active account at a formal financial institution, mode of access), _Savings_ (% of adults who saved in the past 12 months using a formal financial institution, % of adults who saved in the past 12 months using an informal savings club or a person outside the family, % of adults who otherwise saved in the past 12 months), _Borrowing_ (% of adults who borrowed in the past 12 months from a formal financial institution, % of adults who borrowed in the past 12 months from informal sources, % of adults with an outstanding loan to purchase a home or an apartment), _Payments_ (% of adults who used a formal account to receive wages or government