# Table of Contents

|**1. Why this survey? ..............................................................................**<br>**1**|
|---|
|**2. The questionnaire ..............................................................................**<br>**2**|
|**3. The implementation of the survey ..............................................................................**<br>**4**|
|**4. Characteristics of responding firms ..............................................................................**<br>**6**|
|5.**Summary results for individual questions .............................................................................**<br>**10**|
|_Question 1. Policy surprises ..........................................................................._<br>_10_|
|_Question 2. Credibility of announcements .........................................................................._<br>_11_<br> <br>|
|_Question 3. Information ..........................................................................._<br>_1]_<br> <br>|
|_Question 4: Participation ............................................................................_<br>_12_|
|_Question 5: Retroactive changes .........................................................................._<br>_13_|
|_Question 6: Change of predictability over time .........................................................................._<br>_13_|
|_Question 7: Changes in rules due to regular government changes ....................................................................... 15_|
|_Question 8: Policy surprises due to irregular government changes ..................................................................... 15_|
|_Question 9. Theft and Crime .........................................................................._<br>_16_|
|_Question 10. Security of property and personal safety ..........................................................................._<br>_17_|
|_Question 11. Reliability of the judiciary ..........................................................................._<br>_18_|
|_Question 12: Ranking of obstacles for doing business .........................................................................._<br>_19_|
|_Question 13: Interface State-Government .........................................................................._<br>_30_|
|_Question 14: Frequency of Corruption .........................................................................._<br>_30_|
|_Question 15: Predictability of amount of bribe .........................................................................._<br>_31_|
|_Question 16: Corruption and Blackmailing .........................................................................._<br>_32_|
|_Question 17: Uncertainty about receiving the service after paying a bribe ........................................................... 33_|
|_Question 18: Limits on discretionary power of bureaucrats ..........................................................................._<br>_34_|
|_Question 19: Changes in discretionary power over time ........................................................._<br>_.................. 34_|
|_Question 20a: Difficulties in complying with government regulations .................................................................. 36_|
|_Question 20b: Transaction costs versus uncertainty in complying with government regulations .......................... 37_|
|_Question 21: Senior management time spent on negotiations with officials .......................................................... 38_|
|_Question 22: Efficiency of government in providing major services ..................................................................... 38_|
|_Question 23: Frequency of power outages? .........................................................................._<br>_41_|
|_Question 24: Time for getting public telephone line connected .......................................................................... 42_|
|_Question 25: Government efficiency in delivering services ._<br>_.......................................................................... 43_|
|**References .......**<br>**......................................................................**<br>**44**|
|**Appendix .......**<br>**......................................................................**<br>**_45_**|
|_List of surveyed countries .........................................................................._<br>_45_|
|_Questionnaire for Private Sector Survey .........................................................................._<br>_46_|
|_Guidelines for private sector survey .........................................................................._<br>_52_|
|_Appendix Table_**_1._**_Regional patterns of numbers of received questionnaires and method of survey ......... ...... 53_|
|_Appendix Table 2. Regional patterns of company size ..........................................................................._<br>_54_|
|_Appendix Table 3. Regional patterns of sectors of economy .........................................................................._<br>_55_|
|_Appendix Table 4. Regional patterns of location of management ...................................................................... 56_|
|_Appendix Table_**_5._**_Regional patterns offoreign participation ....................................................................... ... 57_|
|_Appendix Table 6. Regional patterns of access to foreign markets ................_<br>_..............................._<br>_58_|
|_Appendix_**_Table_**_7. Index of obstacles for doing business - regional averages ................................................... 59_|
|_Appendix Table 8. Regional rankings of obstacles for doing business ........................................................._<br>_60_|
|_Appendix Table 9. Regional averages for individual questions (in percentage) ....................................... ......... 61_|