Table 4 – continued

|Birth cohorts|Coefcient (<sup>ˆ</sup>_β_)|Std.err|_R_<sup>2</sup>|Correlation (ˆ_ρ_)|# Observations|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|1952-1956|1.024<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.126|0.141|0.375<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|626|
|1957-1961|0.962<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.066|0.173|0.416<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|963|
|1962-1966|0.851<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.060|0.182|0.426<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,028|
|1967-1971|0.980<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.049|0.240|0.489<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,264|
|1972-1976|0.790<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.043|0.256|0.506<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,400|
|1977-1981|0.752<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.033|0.294|0.542<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,444|
|1982-1986|0.710<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.025|0.337|0.581<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,852|
|1987-1991|0.526<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.021|0.279|0.528<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,993|
|**Rwanda**||||||
|1931-1935|0.178|0.443|0.001|0.027|310|
|1936-1940|0.577<sup>_∗_</sup>|0.225|0.025|0.157<sup>_∗_</sup>|421|
|1941-1945|0.630<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.160|0.056|0.237<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|507|
|1946-1950|0.782<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.139|0.089|0.299<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|746|
|1951-1955|0.478<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.091|0.050|0.223<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|941|
|1956-1960|0.617<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.085|0.069|0.262<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,243|
|1961-1965|0.651<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.064|0.105|0.324<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,247|
|1966-1970|0.698<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.050|0.144|0.380<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,303|
|1971-1975|0.628<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.048|0.165|0.406<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,557|
|1976-1980|0.529<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.033|0.161|0.401<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|2,378|
|**Tanzania**||||||
|1941-1945|0.416|0.125|0.060|0.245|218|
|1946-1950|0.705<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.170|0.084|0.290<sup>_∗_</sup>|255|
|1951-1955|0.758<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.118|0.132|0.363<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|356|
|1956-1960|0.687<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.070|0.181|0.426<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|408|
|1961-1965|0.555<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.061|0.146|0.382<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|572|
|1966-1970|0.350<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.052|0.106|0.326<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|645|
|1971-1975|0.329<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.034|0.110|0.331<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|833|
|1976-1980|0.395<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.027|0.191|0.437<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|943|
|1981-1985|0.385<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.031|0.161|0.402<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,057|
|1986-1990|0.463<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.028|0.226|0.475<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,240|
|**Uganda**||||||
|1937-1941|1.047<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.191|0.167|0.409<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|393|
|1942-1946|0.853<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.123|0.129|0.359<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|454|
|1947-1951|0.679<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.081|0.106|0.326<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|561|
|1952-1956|0.660<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.080|0.124|0.352<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|723|
|1957-1961|0.680<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.054|0.171|0.414<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,011|
|1962-1966|0.653<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.047|0.189|0.435<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,265|
|1967-1971|0.609<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.033|0.187|0.433<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,688|
|1972-1976|0.603<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.029|0.255|0.505<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|1,949|
|1977-1981|0.561<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.025|0.226|0.475 <sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|2,484|
|1982-1986|0.494<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|0.020|0.237|0.487<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup>|3,033|
|Parents education|is average of mother|’s and father’|s years o|f schooling.||
|Signifcance levels:|_∗_: 10%<br>_∗∗_: 5%|_∗∗∗_: 1%||||

For the standardized measure of intergenerational mobility, the correlation coefficient, a declining trend is not visible. This result is similar to the findings of previous studies in developing countries (see, for example, Hertz et al., 2007; Azam and Bhatt, 2015; Daude and Robano, 2015). A plausible explanation for the discrepancy between the two measures is a change in the dispersion of the years of schooling across the two generations (parents and their children). To examine this possibility, we present, in Figure 3, the trend in the standard deviations of years of schooling of both generations and the two measures of intergenerational educational persistence. The result clearly shows that, while the dispersion of education in the children’s generation has decreased from the 1960s onward, the inequality in parental education has increased. This finding is expected: if nearly all parents were initially uneducated and then a small proportion, especially young parents, gain access to education, the variance in years of schooling will increase. For all the countries but Tanzania and Ghana among recent cohorts, the variance in children’s years of schooling is always greater than that of the parents. This leads to a ratio of the standard deviation of parental schooling to that of their children of less than 1, because of which the correlation coefficient (ˆ _ρ_ ) is less than the intergenerational elasticity ( _β_<sup>ˆ</sup> ) among almost all the cohorts 16