_Table D3. Utility differential (%) of choosing subsidized insurance instead of zoning_ Interpretation: In the low income-high income configuration, when floods are located in the city center, the flood-prone area represents 20% of the city, and floods occur every 5 years, choosing a subsidized insurance policy over zoning results in a utility loss of 5% for high-income households and of 1% for low-income households.

||High-|incom|e hou|sehol|**Lo**<br>ds|**w in**|**com**|**e-hig**|**h in**|**come**|**conf**<br>Low-i|**igura**<br>ncom|**tion**<br>e hou|<br>sehold|s||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Flood|50|0.8|1.8|3|4.4|6.9|9|12|17|27|50|0.8|1.8|2.9|4.4|6.9|9.1|12|17|<br>27|
|distributed|30|0.6|1.5|2.5|3.8|5.9|7.9|11|16|25|30|0.6|1.5|2.4|3.7|6|8|11|16|<br>25|
|<br>|25|0.6|1.3|2.3|3.4|5.5|7.4|10|15|24|25|0.6|1.3|2.2|3.4|5.5|7.4|10|15|<br>24|
|uniformly|20|0.5|1.1|1.9|2.9|4.8|6.6|9.4|14|23|20|0.4|1.1|1.8|2.9|4.8|6.6|9.4|14|<br>23|
|across the|15|0.3|0.7|1.3|2.1|3.7|5.2|7.8|12|20|15|0.2|0.7|1.2|2.1|3.7|5.3|7.9|12|<br>21|
|city|10|-0|-0|0.1|0.5|1.5|2.7|4.8|8.3|16|10|-0|-0|0|0.4|1.5|2.7|4.8|8.4|<br>16|
||5|-1|-2|-3|-4|-5|-4|-3|-1|5|5|-1|-2|-3|-4|-5|-4|-3|-1|<br>5.2|
||2|-4|-9|-12|-16|-19|-21|-22|-22|-19|2|-4|-9|-12|-16|-19|-21|-22|-22|<br>-19|
||1|-9|-18|-24|-30|-36|-39|-42|-43|-42|1|-9|-18|-24|-30|-36|-39|-42|-43|<br>-42|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in|50|6.5|12|18|25|31|38|47|||50|9.5|18|27|36|46|57|70|||
|the city<br>|30<br>25|5.5<br>5|11<br>10|17<br>16|23<br>22|29<br>28|36<br>35|45<br>44|||30<br>25|8.5<br>8|17<br>16|25<br>24|34<br>33|44<br>43|54<br>53|67<br>66|||
|center|20|4.3|9.3|15|20|27|33|42|||20|7.3|15|23|31|41|51|64|||
||15|3.1|7.6|13|18|24|31|39|||15|6|13|20|29|38|48|61|||
||10|0.7|4.2|8.6|14|20|26|34|||10|3.5|9.4|16|24|33|43|55|||
||5|-6|-5|-2|2.3|7.3|13|20|||5|-4|-1|4.7|12|19|28|39|||
||2<br>1|-27<br>-51|-29|-26|-23|-19|-14|-9|||2<br>1|-25<br>-50|-25|-21|-16|-10|-3|5.3|||
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in|50|0.8|1.3|1.7|1.9|2.1|2.2|2.3|2.3|2.3|50|0.6|0.9|1.2|1.3|1.4|1.4|1.5|1.5|<br>1.5|
|the|30|0.7|1.1|1.4|1.7|1.8|1.9|2|2|2|30|0.4|0.7|0.9|1|1.1|1.1|1.1|1.1|<br>1.1|
|<br>|25|0.6|1|1.3|1.5|1.6|1.7|1.8|1.8|1.8|25|0.4|0.6|0.7|0.8|0.9|0.9|1|1|<br>1|
|periphery|20|0.5|0.8|1.1|1.3|1.4|1.5|1.5|1.6|1.6|20|0.3|0.5|0.6|0.6|0.7|0.7|0.7|0.7|<br>0.7|
||15|0.3|0.6|0.8|0.9|1|1.1|1.1|1.1|1.1|15|0.1|0.2|0.2|0.2|0.3|0.3|0.3|0.3|<br>0.3|
||10|-0|0.1|0.1|0.2|0.3|0.3|0.4|0.4|0.4|10|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|<br>-1|
||5|-1|-1|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|5|-1|-2|-2|-2|-3|-3|-3|-3|<br>-3|
||2|-4|-5|-6|-7|-7|-7|-7|-7|-7|2|-4|-6|-7|-7|-7|-8|-8|-8|<br>-8|
||1|-8|-10|-12|-12|-13|-13|-13|-13|-13|1|-8|-11|-12|-13|-13|-13|-13|-13|<br>-13|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|

||High-|incom|e hou|sehol|**Hi**<br>ds|**gh i**|**ncom**|**e-lo**|**w in**|**come**|**conf**<br>Low-|**igura**<br>incom|**tion**<br>e hou|<br>sehold|s||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Flood|50|0.8|1.8|2.9|4.4|7.1|9.2|13|17|28|50|0.7|1.8|2.9|4.3|7|9.1|12|17|<br>27|
|ditribtd|30|0.6|1.5|2.4|3.7|6.1|8.1|11|16|26|30|0.6|1.4|2.4|3.6|6|7.9|11|16|<br>25|
|sue<br>|25|0.5|1.3|2.2|3.4|5.7|7.5|11|15|25|25|0.5|1.3|2.1|3.3|5.5|7.4|10|15|<br>24|
|uniformly|20|0.4|1.1|1.9|2.9|5|6.7|9.7|14|23|20|0.4|1|1.7|2.8|4.8|6.5|9.4|14|<br>23|
|across the|15|0.3|0.7|1.3|2.1|3.9|5.4|8.1|12|21|15|0.2|0.6|1.1|1.9|3.6|5.1|7.7|12|<br>21|
|city|10|-0|-0|0.1|0.5|1.7|2.9|5.1|8.7|17|10|-0|-0|-0|0.3|1.3|2.5|4.6|8.2|<br>16|
||5|-1|-2|-3|-4|-4|-4|-3|-1|5.9|5|-1|-3|-4|-4|-5|-5|-4|-2|<br>4.8|
||2<br>1|-4<br>-9|-9<br>-17|-12<br>-23|-15<br>-35|-19|-21|-33|-33|-42|2<br>1|-5<br>-9|-9<br>-18|-13<br>-25|-16<br>-35|-20|-22|-31|-33|<br>-38|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in|50|12|23|34|45|56|68|83|100|123|50|12|23|34|46|58|70|87|105|<br>131|
|th it|30|11|21|32|43|54|66|80|96|120|30|11|21|32|43|55|68|84|101|<br>127|
|e cy<br>|25|10|20|31|42|53|64|79|95|118|25|10|20|30|42|54|66|82|100|<br>125|
|center|20|9.4|19|29|40|51|62|77|92|115|20|9|19|29|40|52|64|80|97|<br>122|
||15|7.8|17|27|37|48|59|73|89|111|15|7.3|17|26|37|49|61|76|93|<br>118|
||10|4.7|13|22|32|42|53|67|82|103|10|4|12|22|32|43|54|69|86|<br>109|
||5|-4|2|9.8|19|28|38|50|63|83|5|-5|0.9|8.8|18|28|38|51|66|<br>87|
||2<br>1||||||||||2<br>1||||||||||
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in|50|0.4|0.4|0.6|0.7|0.8|0.8|0.8|0.8|0.8|50|0.5|0.5|0.7|0.8|0.9|0.9|0.9|0.9|<br>0.9|
|th|30|0.3|0.3|0.5|0.6|0.6|0.7|0.7|0.7|0.7|30|0.4|0.4|0.5|0.6|0.7|0.7|0.7|0.7|<br>0.7|
|e<br>|25|0.3|0.3|0.4|0.5|0.6|0.6|0.6|0.6|0.6|25|0.4|0.4|0.5|0.5|0.6|0.6|0.7|0.6|<br>0.6|
|periphery|20|0.2|0.2|0.3|0.4|0.4|0.5|0.5|0.5|0.5|20|0.3|0.3|0.4|0.5|0.5|0.5|0.5|0.5|<br>0.5|
||15|0.1|0.1|0.2|0.2|0.3|0.3|0.3|0.3|0.3|15|0.2|0.2|0.2|0.3|0.3|0.3|0.3|0.3|<br>0.3|
||10|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|10|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|
||5|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|5|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|
||2|-2|-2|-3|-3|-4|-4|-4|-4|-4|2|-2|-2|-3|-4|-4|-4|-4|-4|<br>-4|
||1|-5|-5|-6|-7|-7|-7|-7|-7|-7|1|-5|-5|-6|-7|-8|-8|-8|-8|<br>-8|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|

Notes: X axis = proportion of flood-prone area in the city (%); y axis = flood return time (years); proportion of damaged capital in flood-prone areas = 40%. Red cells correspond to high utility differentials of choosing subsidized insurance instead of zoning, and green cells correspond to low utility differentials. In some cases, flood damages were too high for the model to converge (blank cells).

24