# Appendix C: Country Data

# _Ethnic Minorities_

|INSTITUTIONS||Bulgaria||Mexico|Morocco||Netherlands|Tanzania||Vietnam|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|The Constitution and Nati<br>Under the Constitution:<br>|onal Leg<br>|islation<br>||||||<br>|||
|Is there a general nondis-<br>crimination clause?|Yes|Constitution of the<br>Republic of Bulgaria<br>(1991), Art. 6 Para.<br>2|Yes|Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 1|No|Yes|Constitution of the King-<br>dom of the Netherlands<br>(2008), Art. 1|Yes<br>Constitution of the<br>United Republic of Tan-<br>zania (1977), Arts. 9(g),<br>13(1)(2)|Yes|Constitution of<br>Vietnam (2013),<br>Art. 5 Para. 2|
|If yes, does it explicitly<br>mention ethnic minorities?|<br>Yes|Constitution of the<br>Republic of Bulgaria<br>(1991), Art. 6 Para.<br>2|Yes|Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 1|N/A|Yes|Constitution of the King-<br>dom of the Netherlands<br>(2008), Art. 1|Yes<br>Constitution of the<br>United Republic of Tan-<br>zania (1977), Arts. 9(g),<br>13(1)(2)|Yes|Constitution of<br>Vietnam (2013),<br>Art. 5 Para. 2|
|Is there a provision that<br>guarantees equality before<br>the law?|Yes|Constitution of the<br>Republic of Bulgaria<br>(1991), Art. 6 Pa-<br>ras. 1,2|Yes|Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 4|Yes<br>Constitution du Roy-<br>aume du Maroc (2011),<br>Art. 6|<br>Yes|Constitution of the King-<br>dom of the Netherlands<br>(2008), Art. 1|Yes<br>Constitution of the<br>United Republic of Tan-<br>zania (1977), Arts. 12,<br>13(1)|Yes|Constitution of<br>Vietnam (2013),<br>Art. 16 Para. 1|
|If yes, does it explicitly<br>mention ethnic minorities?|<br>Yes|Constitution of the<br>Republic of Bulgaria<br>(1991), Art. 6 Para.<br>2|Yes|Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 2 Para.<br>A Sec. III|No|Yes|Constitution of the King-<br>dom of the Netherlands<br>(2008), Art. 1|Yes<br>Constitution of the<br>United Republic of Tan-<br>zania (1977), Art. 13(5)|No||
|Is customary law recog-<br>nized as a valid source of<br>law?|No||Yes.|<br>Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 2 Para.<br>A Sec. II|No|No||Yes<br>Judicature and Applica-<br>tion of Laws Act (1920),<br>Art. 11 (1)|No||
|If yes, is customary law<br>invalid if it violates provi-<br>sions on nondiscrimination<br>or equality?|<br>Not<br>appli-<br>cable<br>(N/A)||Yes|Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 2 Para.<br>A Sec. II|N/A|N/A||Yes<br>Judicature and Applica-<br>tion of Laws Act (1920),<br>Art. 11 (3)|N/A||
|Is there a provision that<br>guarantees the freedom of<br>ethnic minorities to ex-<br>press their cul-<br>ture/traditions or speak<br>their language?|<br>Yes|Constitution of the<br>Republic of Bulgaria<br>(1991), Arts. 36, 54|Yes|Constitución Política de<br>los Estados Unidos Mexi-<br>canos (1917), Art. 2 Para.<br>A Sec. IV|Yes<br>Constitution du Roy-<br>aume du Maroc (2011),<br>Art. 6|<br>No||No|Yes|Contitution of<br>Vietnam (2013),<br>Art. 5 Para. 3; Art.<br>42|
|Under National Legislation:|||||||||||
|Is there a specific law on<br>nondiscrimination?|Yes|Protection<br>Against Dis-<br>crimination<br>Act(2004)|Yes|Ley Federal para<br>Prevenir y Eliiminar<br>la Discriminación<br>(2003)|No|Yes|Equal Treatment Act<br>(1994)|No|No||

34 Anti-Discrimination Law and Shared Prosperity