**<u>Table 3: Key production decisions by commercial farms overall and by main crop cultivated</u>**

||**Total**|**Maize**|**Sorghum**|**Wheat**|**Sesame**|**Coffee**|**Cotton**|**Other**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Land**|||||||||
|Area acquired (ha)|197.29|179.93|115.59|410.66|142.19|166.69|322.86|390.14|
|<br>.. developed first year (ha)|94.55|78.80|62.88|214.93|76.62|60.91|106.32|219.08|
|Cultivated now (ha; GPS)|152.59|105.62|73.90|353.39|125.99|127.50|438.19|207.42|
|<br>Has irrigation facility (%)|13.78|19.65|6.88|9.17|5.39|3.43|66.87|30.25|
|Attempted to expand operation|38.75|27.96|39.01|27.28|45.73|42.08|35.35|28.18|
|Length of lease reported (%)|37.65|56.36|20.97|61.67|20.72|59.50|22.56|60.52|
|.. if yes, years|31.77|31.77|24.31|26.43|23.01|39.54|31.26|36.25|
|<br>Annual lease fee reported (%)|36.43|54.89|20.12|52.81|20.22|59.38|20.83|58.06|
|<br>. if yes, lease fee (Birr/ha)|474.07|190.44|115.56|1539.29|167.13|210.67|904.57|1202.01|
|<br>Other annual payments reported (%)|10.09|18.65|6.59|10.54|6.91|8.16|10.47|16.27|
|. if yes, amount (Birr/ha)|375.31|724.47|86.38|438.17|212.84|99.44|99.48|510.91|
|**Incidence and type of investment**|||||||||
|Made any investment (%)|94.10|90.44|99.01|61.30|99.47|92.97|91.48|88.70|
|If yes, size (Birr/ha)|13067|12,352|12,809|17,229|8,887|7,920|14,680|34,006|
|<br>... of which on roads (%)|6.67|<br>8.02|<br>1.89|<br>28.24|<br>2.95|<br>9.24|<br>23.38|<br>7.91|
|<br>... of which on land clearing|36.51|20.49|43.86|14.16|42.82|41.30|24.20|28.28|
|<br>... of which on buildings|18.21|24.93|10.80|14.54|13.00|30.59|12.44|25.26|
|... of which on tractors & machines|30.16|40.95|33.82|30.80|33.79|10.54|24.00|28.93|
|**Credit market participation**|||||||||
|Took any loans last 5 years (%)|19.08|11.36|31.99|10.73|22.19|10.31|26.72|12.83|
|.. if yes, amount (Birr/ha)|13783|17,260|10,310|54,250|10,973|19,833|15,838|28,169|
|<br>Has outstanding loans (%)|5.05|8.06|3.63|4.20|4.63|3.84|4.89|6.36|
|Outstanding loans (Birr/ha)|11560|10,085|15,944|14,249|6,584|9,351|6,991|25,634|
|**Input use**|||||||||
|Used chemical fertilizer (%)|49.18|80.15|43.78|82.06|51.72|12.51|12.87|64.54|
|.. if yes, amount (kg/ha)|205.23|215.10|63.70|186.65|33.31|59.91|17.46|784.75|
|Used chemicals (pest/herb/fungic.)|60.22|48.49|81.16|79.65|68.65|20.62|90.85|53.01|
|Used improved seed|25.16|81.05|8.34|62.44|6.47|4.94|15.64|57.30|
|<br>.. if yes amount (kg/ha)|156.85|60.66|4.41|210.64|26.49|11.45|1.92|393.14|
|**Job creation**|||||||||
|Permanent farm workers/ha|0.05|0.02|0.03|0.03|0.04|0.03|0.05|0.15|
|Male temporary workers/ha|5.42|3.38|4.02|38.84|4.03|1.22|10.74|8.37|
|Female temporary workers/ha|1.39|2.76|0.22|0.16|0.28|0.76|5.31|4.04|
|Temporary workers per/ha|6.37|6.13|4.25|39.00|4.32|2.14|7.35|12.43|
|<br>Total workers on the farm/ha|7.41|10.68|4.41|40.72|4.54|2.74|7.66|13.84|
|**Crop shares (% of total land)**|||||||||
|<br>Maize|11.64|74.32|1.56|1.79|1.26|0.56|0.32|7.03|
|Sorghum|16.96|3.56|73.74|2.47|16.79|0.21|2.74|3.91|
|<br>Whet|3.58|0.87|0.15|87.33|0.08|0.00|0.03|1.84|
|Sesame|33.48|3.32|20.25|0.05|79.37|0.11|3.23|2.53|
|Coffee|14.49|0.13|0.06|0.02|0.02|97.69|0.00|0.14|
|Cotton|5.76|0.06|0.49|0.02|0.90|0.00|92.75|0.99|
|Others|14.09|17.74|3.74|8.32|1.59|1.43|0.93|83.56|
|No. of obs.(farms)|6612|885|843|242|2494|977|373|797|

_Source:_ Own computation from 2013 CSA large farm surveys 17