Table 1: Summary statistics and covariate balance<sup>a</sup>

||**All Ho**|**useholds**|**Rural H**|**ouseholds**|**Urban H**|**ouseholds**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Baseline<br>mean|Treatment<br>diference|Baseline<br>mean|Treatment<br>diference|Baseline<br>mean|Treatment<br>diference|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|
|||**Panel **|**A. Househ**|**old demogr**|**aphics**||
|Log income|6.1908|-0.0042|5.9676|-0.0265|6.2743|0.0041|
||[_0.0079_]|(_0.0118_)|[_0.0114_]|(_0.0187_)|[_0.0097_]|(_0.0146_)|
|Log implicit rent|4.6725|-0.0091|3.8909|-0.0016|5.0159|-0.0126|
||[_0.0120_]|(_0.0100_)|[_0.0133_]|(_0.0137_)|[_0.0124_]|(_0.0133_)|
|Log price index|0.9921|-0.0027|0.9489|-0.0019|1.0082|-0.0030|
||[_0.0014_]|(_0.0018_)|[_0.0017_]|(_0.0023_)|[_0.0017_]|(_0.0024_)|
|Household size|6.7184|0.0843|7.7662|0.1452|6.3263|0.0614|
||[_0.0365_]|(_0.0654_)|[_0.0609_]|(_0.1168_)|[_0.0432_]|(_0.0786_)|
|N. of children|2.1690|-0.0369|2.8358|0.0190|1.9195|-0.0580|
||[_0.0228_]|(_0.0392_)|[_0.0385_]|(_0.0725_)|[_0.0269_]|(_0.0466_)|
|N. of adults|3.9653|0.0455|4.1670|0.0440|3.8899|0.0461|
||[_0.0250_]|(_0.0450_)|[_0.0409_]|(_0.0730_)|[_0.0306_]|(_0.0556_)|
|N. of occupied adults|1.5105|-0.0076|1.5842|-0.0377|1.4829|0.0037|
||[_0.0123_]|(_0.0212_)|[_0.0200_]|(_0.0354_)|[_0.0151_]|(_0.0259_)|
|||**Panel B. **|**Household**|**head dem**|**ographics**||
|Male|0.8841|0.0005|0.9175|-0.0083|0.8716|0.0039|
||[_0.0041_]|(_0.0069_)|[_0.0047_]|(_0.0090_)|[_0.0053_]|(_0.0089_)|
|Age|46.7432|0.1303|44.7398|-0.1067|47.4930|0.2194|
||[_0.1661_]|(_0.2786_)|[_0.2388_]|(_0.4218_)|[_0.2087_]|(_0.3489_)|
|Has primary education|0.6419|-0.0183*|0.5626|-0.0132|0.6715|-0.0202|
||[_0.0056_]|(_0.0099_)|[_0.0085_]|(_0.0153_)|[_0.0070_]|(_0.0124_)|
|Has secondary education|0.2527|-0.0093|0.1629|-0.0007|0.2863|-0.0125|
||[_0.0056_]|(_0.0093_)|[_0.0067_]|(_0.0118_)|[_0.0072_]|(_0.0120_)|
|Reads and writes|0.7780|-0.0013|0.7161|-0.0022|0.8012|-0.0010|
||[_0.0047_]|(_0.0081_)|[_0.0076_]|(_0.0122_)|[_0.0058_]|(_0.0101_)|
|Employed|0.7313|-0.0108|0.7514|-0.0164|0.7238|-0.0087|
||[_0.0054_]|(_0.0097_)|[_0.0075_]|(_0.0140_)|[_0.0069_]|(_0.0122_)|
|Number of districts|119|119|119|119|119|119|
|Number of EAs|2,828|2,828|2,828|2,828|2,828|2,828|
|Number of households|16,530|8,220|16,530|8,220|16,530|8,220|

> a This table reports tests for covariate balance using household-level demographics (Panel A) and demographics of the household head (Panel B). Household is the unit of analysis. Columns (1), (3) and (5) report statistics for the _baseline sample_ , which consists of households excluded from the recall-module experiment. Means and standard deviations (in square brackets) are reported for variables listed at left. The _treatment sample_ consists of households randomized to the recall-module experiment. For these households, both diary and recall measurements are available. Columns (2), (4) and (6) report coefficients from regressions of each variable on the treatment dummy and a full set of dummies for strata (enumeration areas, EAs) used in the randomization design, pooling data from the two samples. Standard errors for the coefficient on the treatment dummy (in round brackets) are clustered on EAs. * _p <_ 0 _._ 10, ** _p <_ 0 _._ 05, *** _p <_ 0 _._ 01.

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