# APPENDIX D. HEATMAPS

_Table D1. Utility differential (%) between the first- and second-best policies_ Interpretation: In the low income-high income configuration, when floods are in the city center, the flood-prone area is 20% of the city, and floods occur every 5 years, the second-best policy results in a utility loss of 5% for high-income households and of 7% for low-income households.

||High<br>|-inco<br>|me ho<br>|useh<br>|**Low**<br>olds<br>|**inc**<br> <br>|**ome**<br>|**-hig **<br>|**h income**<br> <br>|**confi**<br>Low-<br>|**gurat**<br>incom<br>|**ion**<br>e ho<br>|<br>useh<br>|olds<br>||||<br>||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Flood|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
|distributed|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
|<br>|25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1<br>-1|25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|-1|
|uniformly|20|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1<br>-1|20|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|-1|
|across the|15|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1<br>-1|15|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|-1|
|city|10|-0|-1|-2|-2|-2|-3|-3|-3<br>-3|10|-0|-1|-2|-2|-2|-3|-3|<br>-3|-3|
||5|-0|-1|-1|-1|-2|-3|-5|-7<br>-8|5|-0|-1|-1|-1|-2|-3|-5|<br>-7|-8|
||2|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-2|-3<br>-6|2|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-2|<br>-3|-6|
||1|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1<br>-3|1|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|<br>-1|-3|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80<br>90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in the|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0||50|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|||
|cit center|30|-1|-1|-1|-0|-0|-0|-0||30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|||
|y|25|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1||25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|||
||20|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1||20|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|||
||15|-2|-2|-2|-2|-1|-1|-1||15|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|||
||10|-3|-4|-3|-3|-3|-3|-2||10|-2|-3|-3|-3|-3|-2|-2|||
||5|-2|-5|-8|-9|-8|-8|-7||5|-3|-7|-8|-8|-7|-7|-7|||
||2<br>1|-1<br>-0|-2|-4|-6|-8|-11|-15||2<br>1|-1<br>-0|-3|-6|-10|-15|-20|-21|||
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80<br>90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in the|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
|ih|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
|perpery|25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
||20|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|20|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|<br>-1|-1|
||15|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|15|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|-1|
||10|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1<br>-1|10|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|-1|
||5|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1<br>-1|5|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-1|-1|
||2|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|2|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
||1|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0<br>-0|1|-0|-0|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|-0|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80<br>90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|

||High<br>|-incom<br>|e hou<br>|sehol<br>|**Hig**<br>ds<br>|**h inc**<br>|**ome**<br>|**-lo**<br>|**w inc**<br>|**ome**<br>|**config**<br>Low-i<br>|**urat**<br>ncom<br>|**ion**<br>e hou<br>|<br>sehol<br>|ds<br>||||<br>|<br>|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Flood|50|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
|distributed|30|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|<br>-1|<br>-0|
|<br>|25|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-0|-0|25|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|<br>-1|
|uniformly|20|0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|20|-0|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|<br>-1|
|across the|15|0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|15|-0|-1|-1|-1|-1|-2|-2|<br>-2|<br>-2|
|city|10|0|-1|-1|-2|-2|-3|-3|-3|-2|10|-0|-1|-2|-2|-3|-3|-3|<br>-3|<br>-3|
||5|0|-1|-1|-1|-2|-3|-5|-7|-7|5|-0|-1|-1|-1|-2|-3|-5|<br>-7|<br>-8|
||2|0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-2|-3|-6|2|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-1|-2|<br>-3|<br>-6|
||1|0|-0|-0|-0||||||1|-0|-0|-0|-0||||||
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in the|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|50|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
|it t|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|30|-1|-1|-1|-1|-0|-1|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
|cy cener|25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-1|-0|-0|-0|25|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|<br>-1|
||20|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|20|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|<br>-1|<br>-1|
||15|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|-1|15|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|-1|<br>-1|<br>-1|
||10|-3|-3|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|-2|10|-4|-4|-3|-3|-3|-3|-3|<br>-3|<br>-3|
||5<br>2<br>1|-5|-8|-7|-7|-7|-7|-6|-6|-6|5<br>2<br>1|-5|-10|-9|-8|-8|-8|-7|<br>-7|<br>-7|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|
|Flood in the|50|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|50|-0|0|0|0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
|ih|30|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|30|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
|perpery|25|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|25|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
||20|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|20|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
||15|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|15|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
||10|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|10|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
||5|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|5|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
||2|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|2|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
||1|0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|1|-0|-0|-0|-0|-0|0|-0|<br>-0|<br>-0|
|||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90||10|20|30|40|50|60|70|80|90|

Notes: X axis = proportion of flood-prone area (%); y axis = flood return time (years); proportion of damaged capital in floodprone areas = 40%. Red cells correspond to high utility differentials between the first- and second-best policies, and green cells correspond to low utility differentials. In some cases, flood damages were too high for the model to converge (blank cells).

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