# **Table A4: Investigating the Determinants of Politicians' Qualifications and Experience**

## **Dependent Variable: System of Eight Equations in Sector of Politician's Qualifications and Experience Robust Standard Errors**

## **Estimates by Maximum Likelihood to Fit a SUR Model**

||**Agriculture**<br>**Sector**|**Education**<br>**Sector**|**Environment**<br>**Sector**|**FCT Sector**|**Health Sector**|**Housing Sector**|**Water Sector**|**Women/Youth**<br>**Sector**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Age of politician**|0.01***|0.01***|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|
||(0.003)|(0.003)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.001)|
|**Sex of politician [female=1]**|-0.08|0.17**|0.00|0.01|0.14**|-0.07|0.05|0.99***|
||(0.08)|(0.07)|(0.06)|(0.07)|(0.06)|(0.07)|(0.07)|(0.02)|
|**Politician years of education**|-0.01|-0.01|0.01|-0.01|0.04***|0.01|0.00|0.00|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|
|**Index of poverty (NISH 1980)**|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|-0.002*|0.00|0.00|0.00|
||(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.00)|
|**Proportion of constituents with access to potable water (NISH 1980)**|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|
||(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.00)|
|**Time in minutes to nearest primary school (NISH 1980)**|-0.01|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|
||(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.002)|(0.00)|
|**Average education of household head (NISH 1980)**|0.01|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|
||(0.004)|(0.004)|(0.003)|(0.004)|(0.003)|(0.004)|(0.004)|(0.001)|
|**Politician and constituency controls**|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|**Correlation of residuals in SUR system:**|||||||||
|_Agriculture_|1.00||||||||
|_Education_|-0.05|1.00|||||||
|_Environment_|0.23|-0.04|1.00||||||
|_FCT_|-0.01|0.02|0.05|1.00|||||
|_Health_|-0.06|-0.03|-0.10|-0.02|1.00||||
|_Housing_|0.03|-0.04|0.10|0.21|-0.06|1.00|||
|_Water_|0.10|0.01|0.14|0.30|0.02|0.22|1.00||
|_Women/Youth_|-0.02|-0.03|-0.01|0.11|-0.04|0.08|-0.02|1.00|
|**Observations**|345|345|345|345|345|345|345|345|

**Notes** : *** denotes significance at 1%, ** at 5%, and * at 10% level.  Robust standard errors are in parentheses.  Columns report maximum likelihood estimates to fit a SUR model for the nine sectors.  The dependent variable in all specifications is a binary variable reflecting whether a politician has qualifications and/or experience in the named sector, taking the value 1 when the politician has relevant qualifications and/or experience.  The 'FCT Committee' refers to the Federal Capital Territory Committee that has jurisdiction over the building of infrastructure within the Federal Capital Territory, the municipal area in which the capital, Abuja, sits.  Politician controls are comprised of constituency-level controls for the sex, age and years of education of the relevant politician.  In the very small number of cases in which age or years of education are missing, I replace the missing value with the mean of the rest of the politicians and include a dummy variable to indicate the missing data.  Constituency characteristics are comprised of the means and standard deviations of the following indices: the proportion of poor in the constituency, measured by a national poverty index, the average years of education of the household head, the proportion of constituents with access to potable water, the average time in minutes to the nearest primary school, and the average time in minutes to the nearest secondary school.  Means and standard deviations of the following indices are also included to reflect the frequency with which constituents benefit from a public project of the named type in the five years preceding 2006: construction of electrification infrastructure, rehabilitation of electrification infrastructure, well/borehole, construction of piped water infrastructure, rehabilitation of piped water infrastructure, sanitation, school construction project, school rehabilitation, health facility construction, health facility rehabilitation, road construction, tarring/grading of roads, transportation services, and agricultural-inputs schemes.  Finally, constituency characteristics include a set of indicators of the economic dynamics of the constituency, comprising indicators of improvements in opportunities for employment, the availability of agricultural inputs, number of buyers of agriculture produce, the availability of extension services, the availability of credit facilities, and the availability of consumer goods.  Figures are rounded to two decimal places.