Table 3 shows the results for natural gas consumption. In this case we only present results for urban areas where there is an authorized distributor. In the Tobit estimation, the geographical areas are significant in the north, compared to the center/south, suggesting that households in northern states consume more natural gas than households in other areas. Also, there are significant and positive effects from having heating and other machines, being owners of the house, the quality of the house, being self-employed, the larger number of household members, and the number of dormitories in the house, i.e. larger and better-quality houses consume more natural gas.

**Table 2: OLS and Tobit for household consumption on LPG**

|||**Ur**|**ban**|||**Ru**|**ral**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**OLS**|**T**|**obit**||**OLS**||**Tobit**|
|**Log (LPG)**|**Coef.**<br>|**Std. Err.**|**Coef.**<br>|**Std. Err.**<br>|**Coef.**|**Std. Err.**|**Coef.**|**Std. Err.**|
|North|-0.075|(0.061)|2.446|(1.714)|-0.076|(0.077)|3.049|(1.243) **|
|Center|0.110|(0.053) **|5.495|(0.978) ***|-0.042|(0.074)|2.631|(1.028) **|
|Vehicles|0.046|(0.011) ***|0.283|(0.345)|0.022|(0.028)|0.484|(0.285) *|
|Appliances|0.016|(0.002) ***|0.310|(0.060) ***|0.019|(0.006) ***|0.097|(0.101)|
|Refrigerator|0.029|(0.017) *|-0.270|(0.511)|0.074|(0.049)|0.730|(0.496)|
|Stove|0.056|(0.038)|7.995|(1.029) ***|-0.036|(0.062)|10.841|(0.614) ***|
|Washing machine|0.048|(0.012) ***|0.539|(0.390)|0.051|(0.051)|0.620|(0.434)|
|Fan|-0.020|(0.016)|-2.848|(0.486) ***|-0.059|(0.048)|-1.627|(0.517) ***|
|Air conditioning|-0.041|(0.042)|-2.201|(0.850) ***|-0.052|(0.073)|-1.049|(0.742)|
|Heating|0.071|(0.061)|-4.654|(2.107) **|0.143|(0.215)|0.009|(2.571)|
|Owners of housing|0.089|(0.016) ***|0.775|(0.297) ***|0.079|(0.041) *|0.507|(0.572)|
|Log (dormitories)|0.091|(0.017) ***|0.732|(0.658)|0.042|(0.042)|0.580|(0.657)|
|Housing quality|0.010|(0.010)|-0.214|(0.280)|-0.025|(0.020)|0.639|(0.294) **|
|Employment type|-0.007|(0.015)|-0.119|(0.314)|0.024|(0.035)|-0.439|(0.466)|
|Male|-0.027|(0.011) **|-0.543|(0.282) *|0.030|(0.051)|0.402|(0.768)|
|Formal|-0.056|(0.011) ***|-0.707|(0.340) **|-0.040|(0.038)|0.344|(0.665)|
|Indigenous language|-0.032|(0.031)|-0.145|(1.239)|-0.050|(0.060)|-1.649|(0.824) **|
|Log (household size)|-0.044|(0.029)|1.973|(0.378) ***|-0.071|(0.038) *|-0.122|(0.580)|
|Skilled|0.025|(0.012) *|-0.370|(0.524)|-0.047|(0.036)|-0.276|(0.721)|
|Decile 2|0.042|(0.026)|1.890|(0.730) ***|0.105|(0.096)|2.036|(1.307)|
|Decile 3|0.039|(0.033)|2.085|(0.618) ***|0.043|(0.095)|2.260|(1.308) *|
|Decile 4|0.081|(0.030) **|3.403|(0.862) ***|0.133|(0.083)|4.759|(1.599) ***|
|Decile 5|0.129|(0.039) ***|4.215|(0.881) ***|0.129|(0.120)|5.147|(1.350) ***|
|Decile 6|0.137|(0.047) ***|4.126|(0.896) ***|0.146|(0.113)|6.098|(1.474) ***|
|Decile 7|0.179|(0.045) ***|4.955|(0.995) ***|0.119|(0.126)|5.064|(1.426) ***|
|Decile 8|0.213|(0.045) ***|3.630|(1.011) ***|0.165|(0.121)|6.310|(1.459) ***|
|Decile 9|0.289|(0.056) ***|5.652|(1.180) ***|0.204|(0.122)|8.160|(1.789) ***|
|Decile 10|0.386|(0.053) ***|8.092|(2.490) ***|0.350|(0.121) ***|9.796|(1.859) ***|
|Constant|2.867|(0.080) ***|-38.764|(4.658) ***|3.071|(0.135) ***|-59.917|(7.174) ***|
|Sigma|||33.197|(1.197)|||27.821|(2.203)|
|**N**|1|1279|2|0407||1980||5307|
|**F/LR**χ <sup>**2**</sup>|295.88|(0.000) ***|832.65|(0.000) ***|112.34|(0.000) ***|319.22|(0.000) ***|
|**R**<sup>**2**</sup>**/** **Likelihood**<br>Notes: ***, **, * denot<br>Clustered standard error<br>Sample restricted to hou|e significan<br>s at state le<br>seholds co<br>0.|ce at 1%, 5% an<br>vel<br>nsuming LPG fo<br>2423|d 10 %<br>r OLS<br>0.|0167|0|.1131|0|.0678|

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