|**Variable**<br>**Appendix Table 1: Definition of variables**|**Survey**|**Description**|
|---|---|---|
|_Panel A: Village survey_|||
|**Village level data**|||
|||Number of farmers in the village that fulfill the 2 main program criteria: (i)|
|Number of eligible farmers in 2009/10|Baseline|cultivate no more than 1 hectare of maize or rice, (ii) not have used chemical<br>fertilizer or improved seeds in the previous 5 years|
|Share of beneficiaries among eligible farmers in<br>2009/10|Baseline,<br>Follow-up|Number of farmers in the village who are program beneficiaries in 2009/10, as a<br>share of number of farmers in the village that are eligible in 2009/10 (see variable<br>above)|
|Number of HHs involved in agricultural activities in<br>2009/10|Baseline|Number of households involved in agricultural activities as their main occupation<br>in 2009/10|
|VVC has 3 women and 3 men|Baseline|Equals 1 if Village Voucher Committee (VVC) has 3 female and 3 male members.|
|VVC members were elected|Baseline|Equals 1 if VVC members were selected though an election|
|Rains were good in 2009/10|Baseline|Equals 1 if the long rains (masika) in 2009/10 in the village were as expected or<br>more than expected.|
|Maize price at the beginning of harvest 2009/10<br>(TSH/Kg)|Baseline|Maize price (TSH/Kg) at the beginning of the long rains harvest in 2009/10|
|Program subsidy as percent of input package|Baseline|Average price of input package discounted the top-up amount (TSH), as a share of<br>fullprice of inputpackage(TSH)|
|_Panel B: Villager household survey_|||
|**Household level data**|||
|Is related to government officials or influentials|Baseline|Equals to 1 if the household head reports holding the position of or being related to<br>DALDO, WEO, VEO, VVC member, Village Chair or Hamlet chair.|
|Socializes with government officials or influentials|Baseline|Equals to 1 if household head reports having regular social interaction with<br>DALDO, WEO, VEO, VVC member, village or hamlet chairperson.|
|Used improved seeds in 2009/10|Baseline|Equals to 1 if household head reports using any improved seeds on any parcel in<br>the long rainy season of 2009/10.|
|Used inorganic fertilizer in 2009/10|Baseline|Equals to 1 if household head reports using any inorganic fertilizer on any parcel<br>in the long rainy season of 2009/10.|
|||Maize yield (KG/acre) in the long rainy season of 2009/10. Include zeros (crop|
|Maize yield (Kgs/acre) in 2009/10|Baseline|failure) and uses harvested area instead of planted area. At baseline, we did not<br>collected data on planted area per plot. Yields over 4000 KGs/acre were removed<br>from the sample.|
|**Village level data**|||
|% of beneficiaries who are eligible|Baseline|Percent of household heads who report being a program beneficiary, as a share of<br>total number of village respondents.|
|Targeting differential|Baseline|Computed as number of eligible beneficiaries in a village divided by the number of<br>eligible farmers minus the number of non-eligible beneficiaries in the village<br>divided by the number of non-eligible farmers.|
|% of beneficiaries who are related to government<br>officials or influentials|Baseline|Percent of household heads who report being a program beneficiary and holding<br>the position of or being related to DALDO, WEO, VEO, VVC member, Village<br>Chair or Hamlet chair, as a share of household head who self-report being a<br>program beneficiary.|