**Table 1: Bound and Applied Tariffs in Developing Countries**

||Latest|Bound|Applied|Rate(%)|Standard|Coeff. of|Tariff|% of|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Country|Year|Rate (%)|Mid 1990s|Latest Yr|Deviation|Variation|Margin|unbound|
|Argentina|2011|31.9|14.4|9.8|7.2|0.7|22.1|0.0|
|Bangladesh|2008|167.1|26.7|14.0|9.3|0.7|153.2|84.3|
|Benin|2011|28.3|12.3|13.3|7.1|0.5|15.0|60.9|
|Bolivia|2011|40.0|9.6|9.1|8.7|1.0|30.9|0.0|
|Brazil|2011|31.4|13.2|13.5|8.4|0.6|17.9|0.0|
|Cameroon|2011|79.9|21.0|18.9|9.9|0.5|60.9|86.7|
|Chile|2010|25.1|11.0|4.9|2.4|0.5|20.3|0.0|
|China|2011|9.9|22.0|7.8|6.9|0.9|2.1|0.0|
|Colombia|2011|42.8|12.2|6.8|5.4|0.8|36.0|0.0|
|Costa Rica|2009|43.0|9.7|4.7|6.9|1.5|38.3|0.0|
|Cote d'Ivoire|2011|11.1|21.0|12.9|6.9|0.5|-1.9|66.6|
|Dominican Republic|2010|34.9|20.0|8.3|9.0|1.1|26.6|0.0|
|Egypt, Arab Rep.|2009|36.8|24.3|12.3|130.0|10.5|24.4|0.7|
|El Salvador|2010|36.7|10.0|5.0|7.3|1.5|31.6|0.0|
|Fiji|2011|40.1|12.4|11.8|11.0|0.9|28.4|48.9|
|Ghana|2009|92.5|17.5|13.0|7.3|0.6|79.5|85.6|
|Honduras|2009|32.4|9.6|6.4|6.9|1.1|26.0|0.0|
|Hong Kong, China|2011|0.0|0.0|0.0|0.0|..|0.0|53.6|
|India|2009|49.4|37.0|10.1|14.5|1.4|39.3|25.6|
|Indonesia|2011|37.2|10.8|5.0|7.8|1.6|32.3|3.4|
|Jamaica|2011|49.6|21.1|8.4|11.2|1.3|41.3|0.0|
|Kenya|2011|95.1|32.1|12.3|11.2|0.9|82.8|85.2|
|Korea, Rep.|2010|15.8|15.0|10.1|43.4|4.3|5.7|5.4|
|Kuwait|2009|100.0|6.0|4.1|2.0|0.5|96.0|0.1|
|Malawi|2011|74.7|25.5|12.3|10.8|0.9|62.4|68.0|
|Malaysia|2009|14.6|8.9|5.3|9.8|1.9|9.3|15.9|
|Mauritius|2011|94.4|32.7|1.2|4.8|4.0|93.2|82.2|
|Mexico|2010|35.0|12.6|7.3|8.7|1.2|27.7|0.0|
|Morocco|2009|41.3|23.5|9.1|13.9|1.5|32.1|0.0|
|Mozambique|2010|97.5|15.6|7.7|7.5|1.0|89.8|86.4|
|Nepal|2011|26.0|14.8|12.3|9.1|0.7|13.7|0.6|
|Nigeria|2010|118.3|23.0|10.9|8.2|0.8|107.4|80.8|
|Pakistan|2009|60.0|50.1|14.7|12.3|0.8|45.3|1.3|
|Paraguay|2011|33.4|11.7|8.4|7.4|0.9|25.0|0.0|
|Peru|2011|30.1|16.2|3.1|4.1|1.3|27.0|0.0|
|Philippines|2010|25.6|19.8|5.3|7.1|1.3|20.4|33.2|
|Saudi Arabia|2009|10.7|13.0|4.0|2.1|0.5|6.7|0.0|
|Senegal|2011|30.0|12.3|13.3|6.9|0.5|16.7|0.0|
|Singapore|2010|7.0|0.0|0.0|0.0|..|7.0|30.0|
|South Africa|2011|19.2|15.0|7.0|10.7|1.5|12.3|4.0|
|Sri Lanka|2011|29.9|20.0|9.0|12.3|1.4|21.0|61.6|
|Taiwan, China|2011|6.0|7.8|4.2|7.2|1.7|1.8|0.0|
|Thailand|2009|25.7|21.0|10.5|12.2|1.2|15.3|24.6|
|Tunisia|2008|57.2|29.7|21.8|17.8|0.8|35.4|41.6|
|Uganda|2011|73.0|16.8|12.1|11.6|1.0|60.9|84.2|
|Uruguay|2011|31.5|12.7|9.5|7.9|0.8|22.0|0.0|
|Venezuela|2011|36.5|12.8|11.8|8.2|0.7|24.7|0.0|
|Vietnam|2010|11.5|13.0|7.1|11.0|1.5|4.4|0.0|
|Zambia|2011|106.0|14.7|10.6|10.3|1.0|95.4|83.2|
|Zimbabwe|2007|89.8|17.2|14.7|16.2|1.1|75.1|77.6|
|Average||46.3|17.0|9.1|11.6|1.3|37.2|27.7|

Notes: Bound and applied tariffs are based on simple average in mid 1990s and the latest year data available. For applied tariff rates in mid 1990s, detailed data available in each countrty can be found in Michalopoulos 2001, Table 4-1. Coefficient of variation is calculated as standard deviation divided by applied rate. Tariff margin is computed as the difference between bound and the latest applied tariffs. % of unbound is the share of tariff lines unbound.

Sources: UNCTAD TRAINS (applied tariffs) and WTO IDB (bound tariffs) databases.

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