|Country<br>Troubled<br>context|**El Salvador**<br>**Yes**<br>Nigeria<br>No<br>Nepal<br>No<br>Bangladesh and Tanzania<br>No<br>Norway<br>No<br>South Africa<br>No<br>Rwanda and Nigeria<br>No<br>Zambia<br>No<br>Ivory Coast<br>Yes<br>Ghana<br>No<br>South African<br>No<br>Kenya<br>No<br>Philippines<br>No<br>Malawi<br>No<br>United States<br>No<br>res coded are: (i) survey modes<br>the survey length was the same<br>by coding the country and if the<br>rviewing; “SMS” Short Message|
|---|---|
|y<br>Same<br>attempts?|**Yes**<br>No<br>No reminders<br>Yes<br>No reminders<br>Yes<br>No reminders<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>No reminders<br>Yes<br>–<br>–<br>feature. The featu<br>rvey mode; (vi) if<br>study took place<br>ed Telephone Inte|
|Same surve<br>structure?|**Yes**<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>determined<br>e same by su<br>in which the<br>puter-Assist|
|Same survey<br>length?|**Yes**<br>No<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>No<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>tudy contains a<br>entives were th<br>play the setting<br>CATI” for Com|
|t<br>Same<br>incentives?|**Yes**<br>No<br>No incentives<br>No<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>–<br>Yes<br>No<br>No<br>Yes<br>No incentives<br>Yes<br>–<br>No<br>as Yes/No if the s<br>des; (v) if the inc<br>ode. We also dis<br>Voice Response; “|
|Same contac<br>rate?|**Yes**<br>No<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>No<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>Yes<br>re and code<br>ss survey mo<br>e by survey m<br>r “Interactive|
|Sample<br>Recruitment|**RDD**<br>RDD, National surveys<br>National surveys<br>RDD<br>Survey frm<br>National surveys<br>National surveys<br>RDD<br>RDD<br>National surveys<br>Social enterprise<br>Recruitment team<br>RDD<br>Social enterprise<br>RDD, Midwestern university<br>e the description of each featu<br>ntact mode was the same acro<br>tact participants were the sam<br>ed Self-Interviewing; “IVR” fo|
|Sample<br>Size|**599**<br>2016421<br>450<br>2196<br>1043<br>I<br>895<br>8273<br>6056<br>2265<br>1579<br>2603<br>1821<br>3673<br>1057<br>156<br>re. We includ<br>(iv) if the co<br>empts to con<br>puter-Assist|
|Compared<br>Methods|**CATI, SMS**<br>CATI, IVR, SMS,FTF<br>CATI, SMS, SMS modular design<br>CATI, IVR<br>E-mail web link, FTF<br>Monthly - Weekly FTF, Weekly CAT<br>FTF, ACASI, List Experiment<br>IVR, SMS<br>IVR, CATI: Sequential<br>FTF, CATI<br>SMS, Web link<br>CATI, FTF<br>SMS, Web link<br>CATI,FTF: Sequential<br>SMS, Web link<br>eriment we identifed in the literatu<br>was the same across survey modes;<br>by survey mode; and, (vii) if the att<br>ext. “ACASI” stands for Audio Com<br>nds for Random Digital Dial.|
||Marks and Amaya (2019)<br>nd Axinn (2015)<br>, Gibson, Ali, Selig, Labrique, Al Kibria,<br>Flora, Ahmed and Hyder (2019)<br>avrud (2011)<br>nd Quinn (2020)<br>nthropies Data for Health Initiative: NCD<br>rvey (2020a)<br>, Rijkers, Seitz, and Sharma (2017)<br>maya, LeBaron, and Sanders (2018)<br>hethu, Chesterman, Singhal, Mwongela,<br>i, Farhikhtah, Kadiyala, Bauer, and Rosen-<br>nthropies Data for Health Initiative: NCD<br>rvey (2020b)<br>n, Chipokosa, Wachepa, Katengeza, Miso-<br> 2020)<br>Lamater (2014)<br>ts a summary of the features of each exp<br>mple size; (iii) if the mode of recruitment<br>(vii) if the survey structure was the same<br>part of a troubled health or political cont<br>” for Face-to-Face. Moreover, “RDD” sta|
||erg,<br>ire a<br>enleaf<br>anja,<br>nd N<br>kin, a<br>0)<br> Phila<br>ne Su<br>19)<br>nsuri<br>on, A<br> Hach<br>asser<br>)<br> Phila<br>ne Su<br>oha<br>arx (<br>d De<br>resen<br>i) sa<br>ode;<br>were<br>“FTF|
|Authors|**This paper**<br>Lau, Cronb<br>West, Ghim<br>Pariyo,Gre<br>Khan, Mas<br>Lindhjem a<br>Garlick, Or<br>Cullen (202<br>Bloomberg <br>Mobile Pho<br>Maffoli (20<br>Health, Ma<br>Lau, Johns<br>Lamanna, <br>Ng’endo, P<br>stock (2019<br>Bloomberg <br>Mobile Pho<br>Pattnaik, M<br>mali, and M<br>Brenner, an<br>This table p<br>compared; (i<br>by survey m<br>participants<br>Service, and|

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