# **LOCATION AND POVERTY**

In Pará, the population growth experienced in the last decades is far from homogeneous throughout the state (see also Section 4.5). The large regional differences within the state are associated with the expansion of economic activities and population inflow into a few areas. Of the 21 micro regions in Pará, 12 experienced an above-average expansion of population during 1991–2000 (see Table 4.5).

|**Table 4.5**<br>**Micro Region**|**Populat**|**ion and**<br>**P**|**Poverty**<br>**19**<br>**opulation**|**per Mic**<br>**80-200**<br>**Growth**|**ro Reg**<br>**0**<br> <br>**Growth**|**ion in**<br>**Fami**<br>**capit**<br>|**Pará**<br>**ly inco**<br>**a (R$/**<br>|<br>**me per**<br>**month)**<br>**Growth**|**House**<br>**incom**<br>|**hold hea**<br>**e < 1 Mi**|**ds with**<br>**n Salary**<br>**Growth**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**1980**|**1991**|**2000**|**1980-00**|**1991-00 **|**1991 **|**2000**<br>|**1991-00**|**1991**|**2000**|**1991-00**|
|Pará|3,403,391|4,950,060|6,192,307|3.0|2.5|252|317|2.6|238,640|280,314|17.5|
|Almeirim|44,889|48,849|57,502|1.2|1.8|290|400|3.6|1,798|2,276|26.6|
|Altamira|52,817|197,262|226,370|7.5|1.5|277|337|2.2|9,727|7,670|-21.1|
|Arari|77,780|90,411|117,279|2.1|2.9|168|214|2.7|6,442|8,357|29.7|
|Belém|1,041,507|1,447,251|1,858,804|2.9|2.8|538|471|-1.5|43,545|61,579|41.4|
|Bragantina|256,362|281,053|329,184|1.3|1.8|184|189|0.3|20,002|22,341|11.7|
|Cametá|248,400|300,854|353,860|1.8|1.8|160|156|-0.3|17,824|20,950|17.5|
|Castañal|134,072|173,313|226,271|2.7|3.0|267|240|-1.2|9,103|10,931|20.1|
|Conceição do Araguaia|124,173|78,051|99,843|-1.1|2.8|240|233|-0.4|4,564|5,393|18.2|
|Furos de Breves|116,170|136,562|165,665|1.8|2.2|168|156|-0.8|6,812|7,708|13.2|
|Guamá|274,728|309,008|363,059|1.4|1.8|155|161|0.5|18,208|22,562|23.9|
|Itaituba|51,329|146,746|197,942|7.0|3.4|319|311|-0.3|7,387|7,323|-0.9|
|Marabá|95,687|155,431|215,280|4.1|3.7|265|308|1.7|9,051|10,204|12.7|
|Óbidos|102,791|120,297|150,649|1.9|2.5|195|174|-1.2|7,477|9,766|30.6|
|Paragominas|48,109|148,268|216,851|7.8|4.3|279|295|0.6|5,490|8,289|51.0|
|Parauapebas|0|92,007|153,668|-|5.9|332|320|-0.4|4,035|5,670|40.5|
|Portel|77,616|76,803|95,913|1.1|2.5|139|137|-0.2|3,792|4,408|16.2|
|Redenção|0|169,068|167,206|-|-0.1|282|333|1.9|8,360|6,808|-18.6|
|Salgado|136,350|184,580|215,774|2.3|1.8|151|206|3.5|13,531|13,430|-0.7|
|Santarém|319,746|391,651|430,169|1.5|1.0|204|227|1.2|22,998|22,851|-0.6|
|São Félix do Xingu|4,982|84,984|89,159|15.5|0.5|474|391|-2.1|3,004|2,333|-22.3|
|Tomé-Açu|104,234|155,965|211,731|3.6|3.5|222|211|-0.6|7,100|8,283|16.7|
|Tucuruí|91,649|161,646|250,128|5.1|5.0|227|263|1.7|8,390|11,182|33.3|
|Sourse: SEOF/DIEEST/BD|E(IBGE).|||||||||||

Heads of households with earnings less than one minimum salary increased 14 percent during 1991-2000 **.** Despite migration in search for opportunities, and not least income, poverty remained rampant and even increased in the fast growing regions. The regions that experienced the fastest population growth also experienced the fastest growth in family heads with low income, that is with an income less than one minimum salary during 1991-2000. In this period, the household heads with low income increased by 41,000 and reached more than 280,000 in 2000 (see Table 4.5).

22