**Table 6b. Determinants of diesel prices: basic model with variables on actual power distribution in system: random effects.**

||GLS||||2SLS||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||6.9|6.10|6.11|6.12|6.13|6.14|6.15|6.8|
|Crude oil pricet|1.358<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.069)|1.362<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.070)|1.388<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.076)<br>|1.377<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.074)|1.372<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.070)|1.378<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.070)|1.394<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.078)<br>|1.362<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.074)|
|GDP purchasing power dollars per<br>inhabitanti,t-1|<br>0.002<br>(0.002)|0.0002<br>(0.0002)|0.001<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.0002)|0.0002<br>(0.0003)|0.0001<br>(0.0005)|0.0001<br>(0.0005)|0.001<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(0.0006)|0.0003<br>(0.0005)|
|Net oil surplusi,t-1|-0.212<br>(0.137)|-0.207<br>(0.137)|-0.013<br>(0.140)|-0.150<br>(0.124)|-0.240<sup>~~**~~</sup><br>(0.118)|-0.239<sup>~~**~~</sup><br>(0.120)|-0.041<br>(0.158)|-0.162<br>(0.118)|
|Land in km<sup>~~2~~</sup><br>i,t|-0.028<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.008)|-0.028<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.008)|-0.054<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.010)|-0.029<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.007)|-0.026<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.010)|-0.026<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.010)|-0.053<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.014)|-0.029<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.010)|
|Opennessi,t|-0.071<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(0.041)|-0.070<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(0.041)|-0.112<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.041)|-0.058<br>(0.040)|-0.081<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(0.046)|-0.080<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(0.047)|-0.127<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.047)|-0.047<br>(0.047)|
|Road diesel consumption per million<br>inhabitantsi,t-1|-0.005<br>(0.007)|-0.005<br>(0.007)|-0.012<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(0.007)|-0.004<br>(0.007)|0.013<br>(0.028)|0.013<br>(0.028)|-0.003<br>(0.025)|-0.113<br>(0.027)|
|Public health % GDPi,t-1|6.871<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.191)|6.785<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.188)|4.068<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.190)|7.058<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.187)|7.438<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.028)|7.345<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.032)|4.477<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.145)|7.334<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(1.054)|
|Control of corruptioni,t|0.195<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.068)|0.193<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.065)|0.153<sup>~~**~~</sup><br>(0.067)|0.165<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(0.066)|0.180<sup>~~**~~</sup><br>(0.080)|0.176<sup>~~**~~</sup><br>(0.080)|0.126<br>(0.085)|0.134<br>(0.083)|
|Elections in democraciesi,t|-1.202<br>(1.560)||||-1.154<br>(1.723)||||
|Elections in non-democraciesi,t|-0.734<br>(2.408)||||-1.391<br>(3.452)||||
|Legislative elections in democraciesi,t||1.565<br>(1.484)||||1.401<br>(1.662)|||
|Legislative elections in non-democraciesi,t||-2.534<br>(2.004)||||-3.250<br>(2.562)|||
|Party of executive controls all houses in<br>democraciesi,t|||-2.227<br>(2.076)||||-1.674<br>(2.386)||
|Party of executive controls all houses in<br>non-democraciesi,t|||-6.183<sup>~~**~~</sup><br>(2.598)||||-6.188<sup>~~*~~</sup><br>(3.333)||
|Herfindahl Index of government party<br>seats inparliament in democraciesi,t||||-4.567<br>(3.427)||||-4.448<br>(3.940)|
|Herfindahl Index of government party<br>seats inparliament in non-democraciesi,t||||-17.345<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(3.906)||||-17.831<sup>~~***~~</sup><br>(4.560)|
|Constant|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|R<sup>~~2~~</sup>within|0.644|0.644|0.678|0.647|0.606|0.607|0.645|0.619|
|R<sup>~~2~~</sup>overall|0.531|0.533|0.598|0.583|0.511|0.513|0.576|0.564|
|Time dummies|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|Observations|1,065|1,065|930|1,012|949|949|830|898|
|Notes: *<br>=<br>significant<br>at<br>1|0<br>%;<br>**|=<br>significant|at<br>5<br>%;|***<br>=<br>significan|t<br>at<br>1|%;<br>robust<br>st|andard<br>errors|in<br>parentheses.|

30