Figure 10. Sectoral GVA Breakdown (2011) at the National and NUTS1 level.

|National|9.0<br>27.5|63.5|
|---|---|---|
|TRB - Orta Dogu Anadolu<br>TRC - Guney Dogu Anadolu|17.9<br>17.6<br>19.5<br>26.|1<br>62.6<br>56.3|
|TRA - Kuzey Dogu Anadolu|20.5<br>17.5|62.0|
|TR9 - Dogu Karadeniz|12.7<br>23.1|64.2|
|0<br>TR1 - Istanbul<br>TR2 - Bati Marmara<br>TR3 - Ege<br>TR4 - Dogu Marmara<br>TR5 - Bati Anadolu<br>TR6 - Akdeniz<br>TR7 - Orta Anadolu<br>TR8 - Bati Karadeniz|.2<br>15.3<br>11.8<br>6.2<br>7.0<br>15.3<br>18.3<br>15.8<br>27.4<br>31<br>28.2<br>38.6<br>25.3<br>19.7<br>27<br>26.4|.7<br>.1<br>72.4<br>53.0<br>59.9<br>55.2<br>67.7<br>65.0<br>54.6<br>57.8|
||0<br>10<br>20<br>30|40<br>50<br>60<br>70<br>80<br>90<br>100|
||Agriculture|Industry<br>Services|

_Notes_ : GVA data series is limited to 2007-2011.

_Source:_ Turkish Statistical Institute data compiled form Household Labor Force Statistics (publication), Household Labor Force Data Base (internet) TR-6 Akdeniz and TR-3 Ege are the two most touristic regions in Turkey. They also share the fertile land along the Mediterranean-Aegean coast which has led to industrial agricultural production in both regions. TR-3 Ege includes Izmir, the third largest city in Turkey, which houses various professional service and manufacturing jobs. TR7-Orta Anadolu has the second largest agricultural share of GVA among all regions at 18.3 percent. The region also includes some of the “Anatolian Tiger” provinces which have experienced large growth levels over the last decade through small and medium sized companies that specialize in manufacturing and other industrial sectors. TR8-Bati Karadeniz and TR-9 Dogu Karadeniz share the heavy rainfall of the Black Sea coast which leads to dense forests suitable for forestry and specific types of agricultural products. Tea and hazelnut are the two most recognizable of these products which are grown in TR9-Dogu Karadeniz. TR8-Bati Karadeniz also has a substantial mining industry with large coal and steel mines that has played a key role in the industrialization of the region.

TRA-Kuzey Dogu Anadolu, TRB-Orta Dogu Anadolu, and TRC-Guney Dogu Anadolu are the three poorest regions in Turkey. Each region has a significantly higher agricultural share of GVA compared to the national average. TRA-Kuzey Dogu Anadolu, and TRB-Orta Dogu Anadolu are the most mountainous regions in Turkey making the regions less suitable for large-scale agricultural production. Husbandry and forestry, along with light manufacturing sectors account for most of the production in the regions. TRCGuney Dogu Anadolu, despite having high levels of poverty similar to TRA and TRB, has a more developed industrial agricultural system and higher levels of manufacturing production. All three regions have experienced large growth in their respective construction sectors between 2006 and 2012, which has contributed to the increasing level of industrialization in Eastern Turkey.

Compared to ECA countries with analogous GVA per capita values, regions in Turkey have higher poverty rates. For example Russia and TR3-Ege have similar GVA per capita values, but TR3-Ege’s poverty rate is more than double of Russia’s level of poverty. TR1-Istanbul stands out with a high productivity level, falling behind only Slovakia in term of GVA per capita in ECA. Nonetheless, there are 6 countries with lower poverty rates than TR1-Istanbul in the ECA region, five of which have relatively lower levels of productivity. Regional determinants of poverty are level value added, fiscal variables, and initial conditions.

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