**<u>Table 4: Household level evidence</u>**

||**Total**|**Tigray**|**Amhara**|**Oromia**|**SNNPR**|**Richest**|**Poorest**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**Sample**|||||**quintile**|**quintile**||
|**Basic characteristics**|||||||||
|Household size|6.66|5.98|6.03|7.12|6.76|5.91|7.25|*|
|Metal roof|57.58|58.26|69.71|63.03|31.32|69.13|50.00|*|
|Head illiterate|49.26|53.94|47.11|51.93|43.63|44.20|56.49|*|
|Head female|13.09|17.77|10.75|14.09|11.27|15.43|14.44||
|Primary activity is farming|88.55|83.88|90.32|90.35|84.97|87.83|87.50||
|<br>Male member of Kebele council|22.81|14.88|23.12|25.77|20.04|23.48|23.06||
|Male w. other leadership position|14.95|11.57|10.75|19.11|12.53|16.96|12.93||
|Female member of Kebele council|5.75|8.30|2.73|6.49|6.37|6.04|5.24||
|Female w. other leadership position|2.85|5.81|1.45|2.95|2.76|2.91|3.49||
|**Knowledge of and participation in progr**|**am**||||||||
|Meetings before start of the program|87.11|80.59|90.30|85.56|90.09|88.89|86.25||
|<br>Household member attended at least one|93.34|89.01|96.69|92.12|93.86|93.75|93.06||
|Female attended meeting before start|38.09|50.62|38.00|32.45|43.95|35.35|43.01||
|Female attended meeting after start|33.26|49.38|34.73|28.42|33.76|31.10|37.12||
|<br>Female participated in LAC election|17.29|23.24|20.91|12.59|20.17|14.99|20.09||
|Got written material about the program|15.54|30.80|16.23|9.06|20.51|12.80|20.40|*|
|<br>Is a member of the LAC|11.04|7.17|8.77|11.80|14.29|12.32|10.20||
|Well informed about the program|77.92|80.17|81.72|73.23|82.26|78.74|77.16||
|<br>Meetings after start of the program|77.41|75.11|81.72|77.45|73.27|78.74|79.16||
|Household member attended at least one|92.87|89.33|94.52|93.33|91.51|92.02|92.44||
|**Nature and gender dimension of certifica**|**te**||||||||
|Has a document to household holdings|59.09|92.83|83.96|38.99|53.92|56.04|61.42||
|<br>Preliminary registration paper|39.44|31.05|55.28|40.38|15.52|45.85|43.68||
|Book of holding/certificate|60.24|68.95|44.49|59.07|84.05|54.15|55.60||
|<br>Months since certificate obtained|24.89|87.03|15.90|10.61|5.56|26.37|23.95||
|Certificate is in the name of husband|35.68|70.51|8.58|57.95|21.43|34.06|36.23||
|Certificate is joint|51.68|13.36|79.23|28.98|68.91|49.35|49.43||
|Certificate is in name of wife|11.12|14.29|10.84|11.36|8.40|14.85|13.58||
|Don't know whose name on certificate|1.52|1.84|1.35|1.70|1.26|1.75|0.75||
|Female knows where certificate is stored|85.67|84.86|89.93|80.95|85.48|84.55|88.81||
|**Cost and possible next steps**|||||||||
|<br>Total amount paid for certification|3.84|0.22|3.98|4.26|4.70|4.37|3.42|*|
|<br>WTP pay to replace lost certificate (B)|11.78|4.71|8.85|22.23|7.42|19.52|8.43||
|Would like to add a map/sketch|90.35|92.73|88.00|94.86|85.47|90.09|89.53||
|<br>Willing to pay for a map (%)|92.62|92.16|89.39|95.16|95.00|95.22|88.31|*|
|Like to have a certificate (if don't have)|97.51|70.59|96.51|98.27|98.00|96.70|97.70||
|If yes, willing to pay|93.26|91.67|87.95|94.20|92.86|97.16|85.88|*|
|<br>No of obs. (households)|2315|242|558|1036|479|464|460||
|<br>**Parcel level characteristics**|||||||||
|Obtained through redistribution|55.92|88.44|58.79|61.53|20.58|50.18|57.11|*|
|<br>Obtained through inheritance|41.11|10.02|39.83|35.63|72.33|47.14|39.60|*|
|Parcel not yet registered|9.87|5.78|7.57|10.71|13.64|12.06|6.36|*|
|<br>Tape or rope used to measure<sup>1</sup>|72.34|78.47|61.55|73.27|89.54|76.43|68.74||
|<br>Pacing/eye used to measure<sup>1</sup>|23.78|16.60|31.93|25.31|5.09|20.19|24.70|*|
|<br>All neighbors present at registration<sup>1</sup>|66.04|71.15|59.97|73.48|53.69|66.10|61.83||
|<br>More than half of neighbors present<sup>1</sup>|11.60|15.02|10.58|8.39|22.11|11.34|11.25||
|<br>Half of neighbors present at registration<sup>1</sup><br>|6.82|4.54|6.17|5.14|14.37|7.43|6.55||
|Less than half of neighbors present<sup>1</sup>|5.31|0.98|5.36|5.37|7.00|6.22|5.15||
|<br>No neighbors present at registration<sup>1</sup>|10.23|8.30|17.92|7.62|2.83|8.91|15.22|*|
|<br>Boundary marks on the ground|63.51|78.23|67.54|66.29|41.39|61.76|64.77||
|<br>No of obs.(plots)|8220|562|2567|3795|1296|1692|1462||

_Source:_ Own computation from 2006 EEA/WB Land certification survey. Stars indicate the significance of differences between poorest and richest quintile: * significant at 5%; ** significant at 1%. Note:<sup>1</sup> for parcels that have been registered only.

24