Table 3: Treatment Effects on JHIC Score, OOP, Outpatients, and Entry: Overall and Interacted with Indicators for Private and Unlicensed Health Facilities at Endline

||Unwe|ighted|Weig|hted|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||JHIC Score<br>(pp of max)<br>(1)|OOP<br>(USD PPP)<br>(2)|JHIC Score<br>(pp of max)<br>(3)|OOP<br>(USD PPP)<br>(4)|Daily<br>Outpatients<br>(5)|New<br>(6)|
|**Panel A:** _Overall Impact_|||||||
|Treatment|5.159***<br>|0.973**<br>|3.926***<br>|0.138<br>|1.484<br>|0.006<br>|
||(0.836)|(0.419)|(1.319)|(0.553)|(1.741)|(0.022)|
||_{_0_._001_}_***|_{_0_._022_}_**|_{_0_._007_}_***|_{_0_._474_}_|_{_0_._247_}_|[0.785]|
|Observations<br>|1285|1285|1285|1285|1285|1319|
|R<sup>2</sup><br>|0.317<br>|0.126<br>|0.517<br>|0.178<br>|0.247<br>|0.049<br>|
|Control Mean<br>|35.493<br>|4.069<br>|42.526<br>|3.136<br>|20.793<br>|0.133<br>|
|Impact: _{_%; SD_}_|_{_15%; 0.49_}_|_{_24%; 0.20_}_|_{_9%; 0.33_}_|_{_4%; 0.03_}_|_{_7%; 0.05_}_|_{_5%; 0.02_}_|
|**Panel B:** _Interaction with Private_|||||||
|Treatment|2.798***|-0.052|2.965*|0.364|7.803**|0.015|
||(1.058)|(0.242)|(1.600)|(0.249)|(3.349)|(0.016)|
||[0.009]|[0.829]|[0.065]|[0.144]|[0.021]|[0.349]|
|Private HF|-5.929***|4.373***|-0.038|5.485***|-28.353***|0.146***|
||(1.011)<br>|(0.377)<br>|(2.364)<br>|(1.012)<br>|(2.989)<br>|(0.030)<br>|
||[0.000]|[0.000]|[0.987]|[0.000]|[0.000]|[0.000]|
|Private HF x T|3.498***|1.509***|3.091|0.048|-9.303**|-0.013|
||(1.176)|(0.569)|(2.505)|(1.072)|(4.117)|(0.036)|
||[0.003]|[0.008]|[0.218]|[0.965]|[0.025]|[0.726]|
|Observations<br>|1285|1285|1285|1285|1285|1319|
|R<sup>2</sup>|0.337|0.219|0.524|0.350|0.409|0.078|
|Control Mean Public|39.760|0.643|42.236|0.808|41.060|0.022|
|Control Mean Private|33.463|5.698|43.033|7.211|11.151|0.184|
|Impact Public: _{_%; SD_}_|_{_7%; 0.31_}_|_{_-8%; -0.06_}_|_{_7%; 0.32_}_|_{_45%; 0.32_}_|_{_19%; 0.25_}_|_{_68%; 0.10_}_|
|Impact Private: _{_%; SD_}_|_{_19%; 0.58_}_|_{_26%; 0.28_}_|_{_14%; 0.39_}_|_{_6%; 0.07_}_|_{_-13%; -0.06_}_|_{_1%; 0.01_}_|
|Test T + Private x T = 0 (p-value)|0.000|0.007|0.003|0.712|0.436|0.944|
|**Panel C:** _Interaction with Unlicensed (Pr_|_ivate and active a_|_t endline only)_|||||
|Treatment|6.766***<br>|1.094<br>|7.712***<br>|-0.135<br>|-1.986<br>|-0.036<br>|
||(1.222)<br>|(0.762)<br>|(1.956)<br>|(1.418)<br>|(2.786)<br>|(0.038)<br>|
||[0.000]|[0.153]|[0.000]|[0.924]|[0.477]|[0.355]|
|Unlicensed HF at Endline|-3.815***|-1.295**|-2.148|-3.496***|-3.859|0.014|
||(1.050)|(0.567)|(2.155)|(1.087)|(2.641)|(0.056)|
||[0.000]|[0.023]|[0.320]|[0.002]|[0.146]|[0.805]|
|Unlicensed HF at Endline x T|-1.906<br>|0.502<br>|-4.303<br>|1.515<br>|1.515<br>|0.095<br>|
||(1427)|(0831)|(2904)|(1517)|(3221)|(0064)|
||.<br>[0.183]|.<br>[0.547]|.<br>[0.140]|.<br>[0.319]|.<br>[0.639]|.<br>[0.141]|
|Observations|872|872|872|872|872|905|
|R<sup>2</sup>|0.372|0.090|0.602|0.077|0.302|0.056|
|Control Mean Licensed|36.703|6.393|45.718|8.083|15.821|0.161|
|Control Mean Unlicensed<br>|30.086<br>|4.974<br>|35.991<br>|4.924<br>|6.283<br>|0.207<br>|
|Impact Licensed: _{_%; SD_}_|_{_18%; 0.61_}_|_{_17%; 0.19_}_|_{_17%; 0.48_}_|_{_-2%; -0.02_}_|_{_-13%; -0.06_}_|_{_-22%; -0.10_}_|
|Impact Unlicensed: _{_%; SD_}_|_{_16%; 0.52_}_|_{_32%; 0.35_}_|_{_9%; 0.29_}_|_{_28%; 0.35_}_|_{_-8%; -0.04_}_|_{_29%; 0.15_}_|
|Test T + Unlicensed x T = 0 (p-value)|0.000|0.008|0.062|0.041|0.650|0.247|

_Notes_ . Robust standard errors reported in parentheses and clustered at the market level. *** (**) (*) denotes significance at 1% (5%) (10%) level. “Naive” p-values are reported in brackets with stars next to the estimated coefficients. Sharpened q-values are reported in braces, following Benjamini et al. (2006), with stars next to the braces. Missing values for OOP in 5.8% of observations are imputed using means defined by level, ownership, treatment, license status at randomization, and daily outpatients. Regressions include randomization strata controls (by county and market size) and health facility level controls. HF = health facility; JHIC = Joint Health Inspection Checklist; OOP = out-of-pocket payments; PPP = purchasing power parity.

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