# **2.4.1 Administrative Data**

We first obtained from the partner bank data on customer characteristics (age, gender, religion, province of residence, and monthly income) for the universe of late-paying customers participating in the experiment. Table 1 reports summary statistics and presents a test of random assignment. The median credit card customer in our sample is male, 42 years old, and has a monthly income of Rp 5,000,000 (US$ 375).<sup>29</sup> As expected, given random assignment, the sample is well balanced across all baseline variables.<sup>30</sup> The bank also shared data on credit card repayment for these customers. We observe whether the customer made the minimum required payment within the deadline for repayment, which is the main outcome of interest for our analysis.

In a second step, we obtained additional administrative data for the same sample of customers from the partner bank. In particular, we collected data on balances on savings accounts.<sup>31</sup>

# **2.4.2 Survey Data**

Finally, we combine these data with information from a set of phone surveys administered to the bank’s credit card customer population (see Appendix Figures A.2 and A.3 for the survey instruments). The main survey was administered in June and July 2015 to participants of the experiment, and asked respondents about their level of religiosity and their familiarity with the quote contained in the _moral incentive_ text message. The same survey was also administered to a randomly drawn sample of the bank’s credit card customers all over Indonesia who were not late in their payments during the study period. We use the results from this survey to construct a measure of local religiosity for the regions in which participants of the experiment reside. The bank also shared with us the results of an earlier survey, conducted in December 2014 with a smaller population of credit card customers not included in our sample. This survey contains broader questions about religious and non-religious implications of credit usage and repayment. We use this survey to measure general awareness about the existence of the credit reporting system.<sup>32</sup>

# **2.4.3 Outcome Variable**

Our outcome of interest is a dummy variable, indicating whether a customer has made the minimum repayment by the eighteenth of the month (the deadline for repayment). The intervention

> 29For comparison, Indonesian per capita income was US$3,491 at the time of the experiment (World Bank, 2014).

> 30Our sample is also very similar among most observable dimensions to the universe of credit card customers of the bank. Late payers are only marginally more likely to be female (40% against 37%), and on average have lower credit limit (13.5 million Rp against 14.7 million Rp).

> 31 Customers are not required to have a checking account at the bank to open a credit card account. The most common deposit account within the bank is a liquid savings account ( _tabungan_ ). In our sample, 30 customers have a checking account and 1088 customers have a savings account open at the bank during the study period.

> 32The survey conducted in June and July 2015 was administered to 2,273 participants of our experiment and to other 567 randomly selected customers. The survey conducted in December 2014 was administered to 223 randomly selected customers.

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