by household characteristics, such as household size, education of the head of household, and household asset holdings (Beegle et al. 2012). The robust impacts on FCS at every round (discussed below) suggest that treatment households might be differentially underreporting expenditures on food, not internalizing the increased prices of more diverse and nutritious foods they report consuming.

**Table 6: Estimation results on primary outcomes.**

||**Control**|**V**|**T - Lower bou**|**nds**|**VT**|**VT**|**- Upper boun**|**ds**|**IV**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**mean**|(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|(7)|(8)|
||**(standard**<br>**dii**|||||||||
||**evaton)**|Lee(-)|(+/-).25 SD|(+/-).1 SD||(-/+).1 SD|(-/+).25 SD|Lee(+)||
|Total monthly|expenditure**–**|Control mean|/SD at baseline|: 1459.62(587.|43)|||||
|6 months|1538.88|20.73|18.63|59.19***|77.78***|113.26***|153.82***|147.06***|115.70***|
||(549.53)|(23.54)|(18.09)|(18.05)|(24.08)|(18.14)|(18.34)|(23.42)|(35.21)|
|12 months|1557.49|0.33|37.17**|83.88***|99.93***|146.16***|192.87***|174.38***|255.95***|
||(502.89)|(19.53)|(18.06)|(18.03)|(25.08)|(18.16)|(18.39)|(26.10)|(60.06)|
|18 months|1599.34|-44.29*|-74.84***|-1.49|33.03|96.31***|169.67***|125.73***|110.38|
||(556.05)|(25.45)|(15.04)|(15.09)|(26.73)|(15.41)|(15.84)|(25.76)|(79.08)|
|Monthly per c|apita expendit|ure**–**Control|mean/SD at ba|seline: 275.58(|132.82)|||||
|6 months|303.66|-40.14***|-31.88***|-22.90***|-17.02***|-10.93***|-1.95|-10.03**|-21.35***|
||(124.88)|(4.23)|(3.94)|(3.89)|(5.10)|(3.85)|(3.85)|(5.09)|(6.98)|
|12 months|303.88|-38.50***|-29.98***|-20.14***|-14.73***|-7.01**|2.83|-4.83|-28.59***|
||(115.13)|(3.87)|(3.44)|(3.38)|(4.68)|(3.34)|(3.34)|(4.64)|(10.84)|
|18 months|320.30|-62.63***|-61.83***|-45.80***|-33.86***|-24.43***|-8.40**|-23.65***|-100.03***|
||(126.72)|(5.00)|(3.61)|(3.56)|(6.27)|(3.54)|(3.57)|(6.29)|(22.55)|
|Food Consum|ption Score(st|andardized)|**–**Control mean|/SD at baseline|: 0.00(1.00)|||||
|6 months|0.33|0.10**|0.10***|0.18***|0.23***|0.29***|0.37***|0.33***|0.31***|
||(1.09)|(0.05)|(0.04)|(0.04)|(0.05)|(0.04)|(0.04)|(0.05)|(0.07)|
|12 months|0.16|0.06|0.04|0.13***|0.19***|0.25***|0.33***|0.30***|0.47***|
||(0.97)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.11)|
|18 months|0.02|0.03|-0.06***|0.06***|0.14***|0.24***|0.37***|0.26***|0.41***|
||(0.97)|(0.04)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.04)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.04)|(0.13)|
|Reduced Con|sumption Copi|ngStrategies|Index(inverte|d and standar|dized) **–**Con|trol mean/SD a|t baseline: 0.00|(1.00)||
|6 months|0.21|0.15***|0.08***|0.14***|0.19***|0.23***|0.29***|0.30***|0.27***|
||(0.92)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.06)|
|12 months|0.51|0.01|-0.05**|0.01|0.05*|0.08***|0.14***|0.18***|0.13*|
||(0.61)|(0.03)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.03)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.07)|
|18 months|0.57|-0.16***|-0.25***|-0.17***|-0.10***|-0.06***|0.03*|0.01|-0.34***|
||(0.59)|(0.03)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.03)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.03)|(0.09)|
|Livelihoods C<br>|opingStrategy <br>|Index(inver<br>***|ted and standa<br>***|rdized) **–**Cont<br>***|rol mean/SD<br>***|at baseline: 0.0<br>***|0(1.00)<br>***|***|***|
|6 months|0.18|0.12|0.08|0.15|0.19|0.24|0.31|0.29|0.26|
||(0.94)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.06)|
|12 months|0.31|-0.12***|-0.17***|-0.09***|-0.03|0.02|0.10***|0.09**|-0.09|
||(0.91)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.04)|(0.11)|
|18 months|0.37|-0.12***|-0.23***|-0.11***|-0.03|0.04*|0.15***|0.11***|-0.12|
||(082)|(004)|(002)|(002)|(004)|(002)|(002)|(004)|(014)|
|Proportion of|.<br>children attend|.<br>ingschool**–**|.<br> Control mean/|.<br>SD at baseline:|.<br>0.47(0.43)|.|.|.|.|
|6 months|0.56|-0.00|-0.04***|-0.01|0.01|0.04***|0.07***|0.04**|0.03|
||(0.42)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.03)|
|12 months|<br>0.54|<br>-0.00|<br>-0.03**|<br>0.01|<br>0.02|<br>0.06***|<br>0.10***|<br>0.07***|<br>0.10**|
||(0.42)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.05)|
|18 months|0.65|-0.03|-0.07***|-0.02|-0.00|0.06***|0.11***|0.09***|0.04|
||(0.40)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.06)|

Note: Significance level p< 0.01 - ***, 0.05 - **, 0.1 - *; Robust standard errors in parentheses; Each coefficient in this table is obtained from a different regression of the outcome, which includes a binary treatment indicator fully interacted with the outcome at baseline and the propensity score, the model also includes strata fixed effects (n=5); all consumption values are deflated across regions and months to average 2017 Turkish Lira; the proportion of children attending school regression is estimated using the subsample of households with at least one child; FCS, rCSI, and LCSI are standardized to the control group at baseline, the rCSI and LCSI are inverted so that for all three WFP scores a higher value indicates an improvement; column (4) presents the estimation results from specification 1 using IPW and sampling weights; column (8) presents the results from specification 2, which instruments currently receiving the transfers with eligibility at baseline; columns (1) and (7) are estimated using specification 1 and by trimming the top/bottom of the treatment group by the difference in attrition between the treatment and control, as in Lee (2009); columns (2) to (3) and (5) to (6) estimate specification 1 and replace outcome values for the attritors with +/- 0.x standard deviations of their respective treatment group-wave means as in Kling and Liebman (2004), lower bounds subtract this value from the treatment group and add it to the control group and vice versa for the upper bounds.

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