Table 1: Descriptive Statistics by Treatment Status

||All|HHs|Garm|ent HHs|Non-|Garment HHs|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Mean|Std. Dev.|Mean|Std. Dev.|Mean|Std. Dev.|
|_Head’s Characteristics_|||||||
|Age of household head (years)|46.50|14.93|50.90|13.08|45.47|15.01|
|Schooling of household head (years)|5.12|4.20|5.02|3.77|5.14|4.29|
|Male headship|0.82|0.43|0.81|0.41|0.82|0.43|
|Married head|0.83|0.40|0.82|0.40|0.84|0.40|
|Employed head|0.91|0.32|0.89|0.35|0.92|0.31|
|Khmer ethnicity|0.97|0.18|0.98|0.15|0.97|0.19|
|_Household Characteristics_|||||||
|Urban residence|0.20|0.38|0.23|0.41|0.20|0.37|
|Household size|5.28|2.46|5.66|2.99|5.19|2.29|
|Dependency ratio (% working-age members)|73.72|81.05|50.03|59.39|79.21|83.45|
|Number of working female members|1.52|1.21|2.05|1.34|1.39|1.12|
|House ownership|0.97|0.14|0.97|0.12|0.98|0.14|
|Wall|0.15|0.35|0.14|0.35|0.15|0.35|
|Access to electricity|0.38|0.55|0.44|0.57|0.36|0.54|
|Access to water|0.46|0.58|0.49|0.58|0.46|0.58|
|Access to sanitation facilities|0.47|0.58|0.53|0.59|0.45|0.57|
|Primary education|0.64|0.55|0.69|0.52|0.63|0.55|
|Secondary education|0.66|0.55|0.81|0.44|0.63|0.56|
|Tertiary education|0.11|0.32|0.12|0.38|0.10|0.31|
|_Welfare Indicators_|||||||
|Consumption per capita (monthly, riels)|302,276|174,044|281,447|137,442|307,105|181,127|
|Asset index (% ownership of 15 durable goods)|42.47|19.80|45.03|18.01|41.88|20.06|
|Poverty|0.21|0.52|0.19|0.52|0.21|0.52|
|Extreme poverty|0.04|0.26|0.03|0.22|0.04|0.27|
|Poverty gap|0.04|0.14|0.04|0.13|0.04|0.14|
|Food insufciency (% months)|2.44|13.64|1.40|7.55|2.68|14.67|
|School enrollment (% children aged 6-14)|88.48|31.53|92.33|26.08|87.73|32.41|
|_Migration and Remittance Receipt_|||||||
|Number of migrants|0.82|1.65|1.37|1.94|0.69|1.53|
|Share of migrant households|0.35|0.56|0.56|0.58|0.30|0.54|
|Share of remittance-recipient households|0.28|0.52|0.48|0.59|0.23|0.49|
|Remittances from all migrants (riels)|173,307|712,328|365,807|1,022,836|128,674|612,147|
|Remittances from employed migrants (riels)|161,770|673,416|338,623|920,066|120,766|596,253|
|Remittances from non-garment migrants (riels)|129,035|615,643|164,700|693,023|120,766|596,253|
|Observations|3,|518|6|67||2851|

Notes: Authors’ calculations based on the 2011 Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey. _Garment HHs_ are households with at least one member (migrant or current member) working in the garment sector; _Non-Garment HHs_ are households included in the control group; while _All HHs_ combines both. Descriptive statistics are computed using sampling weights. For _school enrollment_ , descriptive statistics are computed over a total sample of 1,799 households, among which 289 are treated and 1,510 are not involved in the garment industry. Variables: _Schooling of household head_ : number of years of education of the head; _Male headship_ : dummy equal to 1 if head is male; _Khmer ethnicity_ : dummy equal to 1 if head is Khmer; _Urban residence_ : dummy equal to 1 if urban household; _Household size_ : number of household members; _Dependency ratio_ : the ratio between dependents (children who are 14 years old and younger, and seniors who are 65 years and older) and working-age members (aged 15-64); _House ownership_ : dummy equal to 1 if household owns the dwelling unit in which it resides; _Wall_ : dummy equal to 1 if the primary construction material of the dwelling unit’s walls is of superior quality (i.e. if made out of concrete, brick, stone or cement/asbestos); _Acess to water_ : dummy equal to 1 if 1 if household has access to an improved water source both in wet and dry seasons; _Primary/Secondary/Tertiary education_ : dummy equal to 1 if household has at least one working member who has completed some level of primary/secondary/tertiary education at most; _Welfare Indicators_ : a detailed description is available in Section 3.

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