INFRASTRUCTURE AND GROWTH IN AFRICA

# **Table 7. Potential growth improvement in African countries due to higher infrastructure development (by type of infrastructure asset)**

**Scenario 1: Reaching the level of infrastructure development of the leader in Africa, using IK1 index of aggregate infrastructure stocks** _Main telephone lines and mobile phones (per 1,000 workers), electricity-generating capacity (megawatts per 1,000 workers), total roads (km. per sq. km. of arable land) (percent)_

||**Infrastructure**|**Infr**|**astructure sto**|**cks**||**Inf**|**rastructurequ**|**ality**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Country**|**development**|**Total**<br>**T**|**elecom**<br>**El**|**ectricity**|**Roads**|**Total**<br>**T**|**elecom**<br>**E**|**lectricity**|**Roads**|
|**North Africa**|**1.70**|**1.20**|**0.17**|**0.35**|**0.67**|**0.50**|**0.19**|**0.34**|**-0.02**|
|Algeria|2.58|1.78|0.47|0.61|0.71|0.80|0.63|0.36|-0.18|
|Egypt|0.92|0.85|0.06|0.35|0.44|0.07|-0.01|0.16|-0.09|
|Libya|1.07|0.05|0.28|-0.21|-0.02|1.02|0.19|0.84|-0.01|
|Morocco|2.01|1.75|0.01|0.64|1.09|0.26|-0.04|0.21|0.10|
|Tunisia|1.93|1.56|0.03|0.38|1.15|0.37|0.18|0.12|0.07|
|**West Africa (ECOWAS)**|**5.19**|**4.06**|**1.08**|**1.88**|**1.10**|**1.13**|**0.23**|**0.51**|**0.39**|
|Benin|5.41|4.79|0.98|2.02|1.79|0.62|0.02|0.69|-0.08|
|Burkina Faso|6.31|5.24|1.29|2.18|1.77|1.08|0.32|0.34|0.42|
|Côte d’Ivoire|3.39|2.57|0.51|1.38|0.68|0.82|-0.02|0.36|0.49|
|Ghana|4.14|3.11|0.90|1.32|0.89|1.02|0.35|0.39|0.28|
|Guinea|3.96|3.36|1.56|1.74|0.07|0.60|-0.23|0.38|0.46|
|Gambia|4.26|3.03|0.57|1.97|0.48|1.23|0.52|0.32|0.40|
|Guinea-Bissau|5.97|4.65|1.72|2.09|0.84|1.32|0.52|0.31|0.49|
|Mauritania|4.00|2.67|0.45|1.57|0.66|1.33|0.55|0.31|0.46|
|Niger|7.95|6.89|1.95|2.42|2.52|1.06|0.20|0.34|0.52|
|Nigeria|5.63|3.67|1.08|1.36|1.22|1.96|0.44|1.25|0.27|
|Senegal|4.44|3.78|0.68|1.86|1.24|0.66|-0.68|0.78|0.56|
|Sierra Leone|5.12|3.70|1.44|1.78|0.47|1.43|0.62|0.31|0.50|
|Togo|6.86|5.30|0.93|2.68|1.68|1.57|0.45|0.87|0.25|
|**East Africa (EAC)**|**5.70**|**4.41**|**1.28**|**2.26**|**0.86**|**1.30**|**0.36**|**0.47**|**0.46**|
|Burundi|6.29|4.99|1.66|2.59|0.74|1.29|0.46|0.32|0.52|
|Kenya|4.72|3.25|0.83|1.68|0.74|1.47|0.52|0.52|0.43|
|Rwanda|6.53|5.19|1.46|2.87|0.85|1.35|0.53|0.31|0.50|
|Tanzania|5.06|3.72|1.26|1.93|0.53|1.33|0.12|0.73|0.49|
|Uganda|5.93|4.87|1.17|2.24|1.46|1.05|0.19|0.48|0.39|
|**Southern Africa (SADC)**|**3.04**|**2.25**|**0.71**|**1.02**|**0.52**|**0.79**|**0.38**|**0.23**|**0.17**|
|Angola|4.54|3.52|1.36|1.53|0.63|1.02|0.46|0.29|0.26|
|Botswana|1.36|0.77|-0.15|1.07|-0.14|0.59|0.01|0.38|0.20|
|Madagascar|5.02|4.25|1.45|2.22|0.58|0.78|-0.06|0.36|0.48|
|Mauritius|0.33|0.33|-0.29|0.13|0.50|0.00|0.02|0.43|-0.44|
|Malawi|5.61|4.33|1.44|1.93|0.96|1.28|0.54|0.32|0.42|
|South Africa|0.57|0.00|-0.18|-0.20|0.37|0.57|0.60|0.43|-0.47|
|Zambia|3.59|2.95|1.21|0.76|0.98|0.64|0.90|-0.83|0.58|
|Zimbabwe|3.29|1.87|0.84|0.76|0.26|1.42|0.55|0.50|0.36|
|**Central Africa**|**5.14**|**3.91**|**1.17**|**1.76**|**0.98**|**1.23**|**0.35**|**0.42**|**0.46**|
|Central African Republic|5.78|4.83|1.69|2.34|0.80|0.96|-0.02|0.37|0.61|
|Cameroon|4.45|2.82|0.75|1.31|0.77|1.63|0.51|0.65|0.47|
|Congo, Rep. of|4.47|2.59|0.56|1.72|0.31|1.88|0.00|1.49|0.39|
|<br>Ethiopia|6.96|5.96|1.86|2.38|1.72|1.00|0.50|0.04|0.46|
|Gabon|2.17|0.69|0.08|0.40|0.21|1.48|0.59|0.41|0.48|
|Sudan|6.17|5.13|0.84|1.67|2.62|1.04|0.51|0.32|0.21|
|Chad|6.63|5.57|1.72|2.88|0.98|1.06|0.14|0.34|0.58|
|Congo, Dem. Rep. of|4.50|3.66|1.84|1.42|0.40|0.83|0.60|-0.28|0.52|
|**Memo:**||||||||||
|**AFRICA**|**4.36**|**3.33**|**0.93**|**1.53**|**0.87**|**1.02**|**0.30**|**0.41**|**0.32**|

_We present the potential increase in the growth rate of output per worker among African countries if their 2001–5 levels of infrastructure stock and quality were to reach the 2001–5 levels of infrastructure stock and quality of a specific benchmark country. We also show the decomposition of this potential increase in productivity growth due to the different dimensions of infrastructure stock and quality. Our calculations use the IK1 aggregate index of infrastructure stock and the estimates in column [IK1] of table 2. Note that the leader in infrastructure (both in assets and quality of services) is Mauritius. Source: Author's calculations._ 50