to have an occupation in the agricultural stratum and are more likely to be in a NM occupation (for any stratum of origin), in comparison to men and non-migrants, respectively. The results of the relative mobility analysis confirm that both women, in comparison to men, and migrants, in contrast to non-migrants, have more social fluidity or equality in labor opportunities. Women experience less strength from occupational inheritance, and they do not face a barrier in longdistance upward mobility from the base of the stratification. Migrants, for their part, do not experience occupational inheritance, nor barriers in long-distance upward mobility from the agricultural stratum.

A comparison of ethnic backgrounds shows a small difference in absolute mobility rates. There is only a slightly higher probability of indigenous youths of having an agricultural destination when their provider had an occupation in the four strata with a lesser position in the hierarchy is observed, while they are more likely than those not-indigenous of inheriting their provider’s occupation if their origin is NM. Paradoxically, this would suggest that, although it is more likely that indigenous people, in comparison to non-indigenous, occupy the stratum of lower hierarchy, it is also more likely that they inherit their provider’s occupation when they come from a higher stratum. Nonetheless, the relative mobility analyses did not provide evidence that suggests differences in the social fluidity or equality in labor opportunities between indigenous and nonindigenous youths.

Regarding the comparisons of different treatment intensity, no substantial differences in the absolute mobility rates are observed between both groups, which may be partially due to the relative similarity in intensity with which our comparison groups participated of the program. In terms of relative mobility, it is important to note that the two groups experienced intergenerational inheritance, which has a differentiated strength for the different strata of origin, being stronger at both extremes. Nonetheless, youths of the high intensity group experience a greater probability of intergenerational inheritance when their origin is in the MN stratum and less probability of inheritance when they stem from the agricultural stratum. Therefore, although the findings must be considered with caution, they suggest that a higher treatment intensity of PROSPERA may raise the chances of youths with origins in the NM stratum to remain at the top of this hierarchy and would help to facilitate upward occupational mobility from the base of the occupational hierarchy. If this is the case, a more intense treatment would contribute to raising the likeliness of youths to have occupations related to better socioeconomic levels, although this effect is considered modest regarding its contribution towards breaking the intergenerational transmission of poverty.

In addition, the study of the determinants of occupational attainment contributes to the knowledge of the micro-social processes that lead to the macro-social level results reflected in the absolute mobility rates, as well as the features of the relative mobility. Specifically, it assists in the identification of the direction and strength of the relationship between some of the factors that influence youths’ occupational status. From a concern for equality in opportunity, the usual interest is to discern the magnitude of the effects of the factors that are associated to social origins 53