_The Creative Wealth of Nations_ area around 16th and 17th Avenues South.”<sup>36</sup> Indeed, here again, music clusters can be seen as hubs that stimulate innovation and job creation.

Through enterprises such as “Innovation Nashville,” the city hosts fora to discuss ideas related to technology, innovation and entertainment entrepreneurship. Held monthly, these conversations “feature thought leaders who understand the past and are creating the next generation of scalable new media companies.”<sup>37</sup> The upshot is that these provisions tend to lead to more trade in music and other areas, making Nashville a useful example for arts-based cluster development.

# - <u>Social Utility | Non Monetary Value</u>

The social utility of the arts has gained attention in areas ranging from education, mental health, and healing* to cultural diplomacy, national identity and social inclusion. The following analysis focuses on the last.

_The Costs of Social Exclusion:_ Social exclusion, while not necessarily limited to poverty eradication, is a major deterrent in promoting shared prosperity, citizen voice, and cultural democracy.

## **<mark>|| Box 4 || What is Cultural Democracy?</mark>**

Cultural democracy “comprises a set of related commitments,” according to Webster’s World:

- “protecting and promoting **cultural diversity** , and the right to culture for everyone in our society and around the world;

As has been cited, it is difficult to measure the true **diversity** , and the right to culture for costs of exclusion. (See Appendix B for extended everyone in our society and around the world; definitions of Social Inclusion.) Moreover, when some groups are excluded or marginalized, they do  encouraging **active participation** in not show up or figure into official statistics. “For community cultural life; instance,” as the World Bank’s report <u>Inclusion</u>  **enabling people to participate in policy** <u>Matters</u> observes, “in many cultures, a disabled **decisions** that affect the quality of our cultural lives; and member of the household is not reported in the household roster when survey personnel conduct  assuring **fair and equitable access** to interviews.” In other scenarios, common even in the cultural resources and support.” United States and other advanced countries, Source: Webster's World of Cultural undocumented immigrants or “refugees who cross Democracy borders without documents may actively avoid official contact.”<sup>38</sup> These issues interact with any country’s economic foundations. And as economic activities become even more globalized, the costs of exclusion may well increase bleeding across borders.

> <sup>36</sup> “The Story of Music City.”

> 37 _Innovate Nashville_ , accessed October 8, 2012, http://innovationnashville.com/pages/about.

> * In Rwanda, for example, women are using drumming to redeem themselves from the trauma of genocide. See: “Pounding Out the Pain,” accessed June 25, 2014, http://www.utne.com/arts/women-drum-groups- <u>rwanda.aspx#axzz35feAgIOv; and “ Rwandan women drum up hope in the Great Lakes region,” accessed June 25,</u> 2014, http://observers.france24.com/content/20131230-rwanda-women-drummers-ingoma-nshya.

> 38 World Bank. 2013. _Inclusion Matters: The Foundation for Shared Prosperity_ . Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0010-8., 16. | Web: accessed April 7, 2014, <u>http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/pdf/10.1596/9781464800108.</u>

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