INFRASTRUCTURE AND GROWTH IN AFRICA

# **Table 16. Potential growth improvement in African countries due to higher infrastructure development (by type of infrastructure asset)**

**Scenario 4: Reaching the representative country in Western Europe, using IK2 index of aggregate infrastructure stocks** _Main telephone lines (per 1,000 workers), electricity-generating capacity (megawatts per 1,000 workers), total roads (km. per sq. km. of arable land) (percent)_

||**Infrastructure**<br>|**Infr**<br><br>|**astructure sto**<br><br>|**cks**<br>||**Infr**<br><br>|**astructurequ**<br><br>|**ality**<br>||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Country**|**development**|**Total**<br>**T**|**elecom**<br>**El**|**ectricity**|**Roads**|**Total**<br>**T**|**elecom**<br>**E**|**lectricity**|**Roads**|
|**North Africa**|**2.35**|**1.33**|**0.50**|**0.45**|**0.39**|**1.02**|**0.41**|**0.49**|**0.11**|
|Algeria|2.80|1.38|0.47|0.48|0.43|1.43|0.83|0.44|0.15|
|Egypt|1.67|0.93|0.26|0.35|0.31|0.74|0.24|0.26|0.24|
|Libya|2.09|0.46|0.29|0.08|0.09|1.63|0.43|0.89|0.31|
|Morocco|2.61|1.69|0.52|0.49|0.67|0.92|0.21|0.30|0.42|
|Tunisia|2.35|1.33|0.32|0.37|0.64|1.02|0.41|0.22|0.39|
|**West Africa (ECOWAS)**|**4.17**|**2.48**|**0.94**|**1.04**|**0.51**|**1.68**|**0.57**|**0.41**|**0.71**|
|Benin|4.31|3.05|0.95|1.15|0.94|1.26|0.26|0.75|0.25|
|Burkina Faso|4.93|3.25|1.08|1.23|0.94|1.68|0.54|0.42|0.72|
|Côte d’Ivoire<br>|3.46|2.01|0.77|0.82|0.41|1.45|0.22|0.44|0.78|
|Ghana|3.84|2.20|0.87|0.81|0.52|1.64|0.57|0.47|0.59|
|Guinea|3.64|2.40|1.25|1.01|0.13|1.24|0.03|0.46|0.75|
|Gambia|3.97|2.14|0.69|1.12|0.33|1.83|0.73|0.41|0.69|
|Guinea-Bissau|4.60|2.68|1.00|1.19|0.50|1.92|0.73|0.40|0.78|
|Mauritania|4.12|2.19|0.89|0.90|0.40|1.92|0.76|0.40|0.76|
|Niger<br>|5.66<br>|3.99<br>|1.35<br>|1.35<br>|1.29<br>|1.67<br>|0.44<br>|0.42<br>|0.81<br>|
|Nigeria|5.03|2.52|1.01|0.84|0.67|2.51|0.66|1.27|0.58|
|Senegal|3.78|2.48|0.73|1.07|0.68|1.30|-0.39|0.83|0.85|
|Sierra Leone|4.48|2.46|1.11|1.04|0.32|2.01|0.83|0.39|0.80|
|Togo|5.43|3.29|0.93|1.47|0.89|2.14|0.67|0.92|0.55|
|**East Africa (EAC)**|**5.04**|**3.11**|**1.31**|**1.35**|**0.46**|**1.93**|**0.62**|**0.56**|**0.74**|
|Burundi|5.00|3.11|1.24|1.43|0.45|1.89|0.68|0.40|0.81|
|Kenya|4.43|2.38|0.95|0.98|0.45|2.05|0.74|0.59|0.72|
|Rwanda|5.26|3.33|1.27|1.56|0.50|1.94|0.75|0.40|0.79|
|Tanzania|4.56|2.63|1.18|1.11|0.35|1.93|0.36|0.79|0.78|
|Uganda|4.99|3.33|1.28|1.26|0.79|1.66|0.42|0.56|0.69|
|**Southern Africa (SADC)**|**3.14**|**1.80**|**0.84**|**0.62**|**0.35**|**1.34**|**0.44**|**0.33**|**0.57**|
|Angola|4.01|2.38|1.07|0.92|0.40|1.63|0.68|0.38|0.57|
|Botswana|2.35|1.12|0.39|0.70|0.03|1.23|0.26|0.46|0.51|
|Madagascar|4.22|2.82|1.21|1.24|0.37|1.40|0.19|0.44|0.77|
|Mauritius|1.40|0.72|0.15|0.24|0.33|0.68|0.26|0.50|-0.09|
|Malawi|4.61|2.73|1.07|1.11|0.55|1.87|0.75|0.40|0.72|
|South Africa|1.93|0.72|0.35|0.09|0.27|1.21|0.81|0.51|-0.11|
|Zambia|3.37|2.10|0.99|0.55|0.56|1.28|1.09|-0.68|0.86|
|Zimbabwe|3.52|1.51|0.71|0.54|0.25|2.01|0.76|0.58|0.66|
|**Central Africa**|**4.66**|**3.00**|**1.31**|**1.17**|**0.52**|**1.66**|**0.61**|**0.36**|**0.68**|
|Central African Republic|4.65|3.08|1.29|1.31|0.48|1.57|0.23|0.45|0.89|
|Cameroon|4.47|2.26|1.00|0.80|0.46|2.20|0.72|0.71|0.77|
|Congo, Rep. of|4.80|2.36|1.14|0.96|0.26|2.44|0.24|1.51|0.69|
|Ethiopia|4.95|3.34|1.09|1.33|0.92|1.62|0.72|0.15|0.75|
|Gabon|3.32|1.26|0.68|0.38|0.20|2.06|0.80|0.49|0.77|
|Sudan|4.62|2.97|0.64|0.99|1.34|1.65|0.72|0.41|0.52|
|Chad|5.19|3.52|1.39|1.57|0.56|1.67|0.38|0.42|0.87|
|Congo, Dem. Rep. of|4.48|3.02|1.87|0.86|0.29|1.46|0.81|-0.16|0.81|
|**Memo:**||||||||||
|**Africa Region**|**4.05**|**2.40**|**0.98**|**0.97**|**0.45**|**1.65**|**0.56**|**0.40**|**0.69**|

_We present the potential increase in the growth rate of output per worker among African countries if their 2001–5 levels of infrastructure stock and quality were to reach the 2001–5 levels of infrastructure stock and quality of a specific benchmark country. We also show the decomposition of this potential increase in productivity growth due to the different dimensions of infrastructure stock and quality. Our calculations use the IK1 aggregate index of infrastructure stock and the estimates in column [IK1] of table 2. Note that the leader in infrastructure (both in assets and quality of services) is Mauritius. Source: Author's calculations._ 59