# TABLE OF CONTENTS

|1.|INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1|
|---|---|
|2.<br>SA|PREVAILING PRIOR BELIEFS ON THE MODERN INPUT USE CONTEXT IN SUB-<br>HARAN AFRICA...................................................................................................................... 2|
|_2.1._|_Fertilizer_.......................................................................................................................................................... 3|
|_2.2._|_Improved crop varieties_................................................................................................................................... 4|
|_2.3._|_Agro-chemicals: pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides_.................................................................... 5|
|_2.4._|_Irrigation_......................................................................................................................................................... 7|
|_2.5._|_Farm power and mechanization_...................................................................................................................... 8|
|3.|DATA AND SAMPLE SELECTION .................................................................................... 9|
|4.|OBSERVED INPUT USE AND PROVISIONING PATTERNS ........................................ 11|
|_4.1._|_National level input use_................................................................................................................................. 11|
|_4.2._|_Regional level input use_................................................................................................................................ 18|
|_4.3._|_Household level input use_.............................................................................................................................. 21|
|_4.4._|_Plot level input use_........................................................................................................................................ 27|
|_4.5._|_Joint use of inputs_.......................................................................................................................................... 36|
|_4.6._|_Input use incentives and provisioning_........................................................................................................... 40|
|5.|EXPLAINING SOURCES OF VARIATION IN INPUT USE ........................................... 44|
|_5.1._|_Between-household variation_........................................................................................................................ 44|
|_5.2._|_Within-household variation_........................................................................................................................... 47|
|6.|MAIN FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................... 49|
|RE|FERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 54|
|AP|PENDIX 1: RECENT STUDIES ON INPUT USE IN LSMS-ISA COUNTRIES ................. 67|
|APP<br>QU|ENDIX 2: DISAGGREGATED INPUT TYPES OBSERVED IN THE<br>ESTIONNAIRES FOR EACH COUNTRY ........................................................................... 78|

i