<u>Table A5 (Cont.)</u>

|_Individual & household characteristics_|(8)|(9)|(10)|(11)|(12)|(13)|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|<br>Age|0.00697<br>0000585***|0.00742<br>0000947***|0.00753<br>0000913***|0.00694<br>0000582***|0.00727<br>0000876***|0.0072<br>0000799***|
|Age squared|[.]<br>-0.000105|[.]<br>-0.00011|[.]<br>-0.000113|[.]<br>-0.000105|[.]<br>-0.000108|[.]<br>-0.000107|
|Primary level|[7.83e-06]***<br>0.0284<br>[000379]***|[1.30e-05]***<br>0.0288<br>[000732]***|[1.27e-05]***<br>0.0279<br>[000761]***|[7.82e-06]***<br>0.0284<br>[000376]***|[1.20e-05]***<br>0.0272<br>[000751]***|[1.11e-05]***<br>0.0283<br>[000691]***|
|Secondary level|.<br>0.0353<br>***|.<br>0.035<br>***|.<br>0.0352<br>***|.<br>0.0351<br>***|.<br>0.0338<br>***|.<br>0.035<br>***|
|University level|[0.00500]<br>0.0313|[0.00586]<br>0.0308|[0.00617]<br>0.0299|[0.00491]<br>0.0314|[0.00592]<br>0.0289|[0.00555]<br>-0.0447|
|Indigenous person|[0.00542]***<br>-0.0034<br>[000737]|[0.00546]***<br>0.0144<br>[00120]|[0.00595]***<br>0.0121<br>[00108]|[0.00535]***<br>-0.00328<br>[000771]|[0.00575]***<br>0.0133<br>[00103]|[0.0386]<br>0.00568<br>[000684]|
|Married|.<br>00496|.<br>00469|.<br>00524|.<br>00493|.<br>00458|.<br>00441|
||.<br>[0.00349]***<br>|.<br>[0.00646]***<br>|.<br>[0.00698]***<br>|.<br>[0.00357]***<br>|.<br>[0.00595]***<br>|.<br>[0.00560]***<br>|
|Number of children 0-3|0.00205|-0.00272|-0.000422|0.00245|-0.0021|-0.00196|
|Number of children 4-6|[0.000880]**<br>-0.00212|[0.00276]<br>-0.000693|[0.00252]<br>0.0018|[0.000895]***<br>0.00374|[0.00253]<br>-0.00463|[0.00238]<br>-0.00447|
|Number of children 7-12|[0.00162]<br>0.00249<br>***|[0.00212]<br>-0.00157<br>|[0.00177]<br>0.00125<br>|[0.000751]***<br>0.00274<br>***|[0.00388]<br>-0.00118<br>|[0.00381]<br>-0.00133<br>|
|Number of people > 12|[0.000594]<br>-0.0041|[0.00161]<br>-0.00487|[0.00120]<br>-0.0049|[0.000594]<br>-0.00399|[0.00142]<br>-0.00455|[0.00141]<br>-0.00478|
|Presence of grandmother|[0.000447]***<br>0.00118|[0.00109]***<br>-0.000196|[0.00117]***<br>0.0129|[0.000449]***<br>0.0013|[0.00103]***<br>0.0122|[0.00110]***<br>0.0118|
|<br>Household head|[0.00163]<br>00256|[0.00255]<br>00265|[0.00214]***<br>00259|[0.00163]<br>00253|[0.00215]***<br>00249|[0.00185]***<br>0025|
|<br>|.<br>[0.00210]***<br>|.<br>[0.00382]***<br>|.<br>[0.00346]***<br>|.<br>[0.00214]***<br>|.<br>[0.00319]***<br>|.<br>[0.00350]***<br>|
|Spouse works|0.00313<br>[0.00194]|0.00397<br>[0.00483]|0.00366<br>[0.00480]|0.00312<br>[0.00191]|0.00379<br>[0.00481]|0.00301<br>[0.00457]|
|Income stability|0.124|0.128|0.128|0.124|0.128|0.129|
||[0.00819]***|[0.0182]***|[0.0184]***|[0.00816]***|[0.0183]***|[0.0184]***|
|At least one person receives remittances regularly|-0.0273<br>***|-0.0289<br>***|-0.0295<br>***|-0.0268<br>***|-0.0293<br>***|-0.0283<br>***|
|Household Home & WASH index|[0.00332]<br>0.000312|[0.00654]<br>-0.000279|[0.00669]<br>-0.00142|[0.00328]<br>0.000604|[0.00637]<br>-0.00185|[0.00633]<br>-8.60E-05|
|Urban|[0.00277]<br>0.0211|[0.00500]<br>0.0406|[0.00534]<br>0.0378|[0.00272]<br>0.0208|[0.00515]<br>0.0374|[0.00470]<br>0.0339|
|Use internet in the last 3 months|[0.00526]***<br>00131|[0.00785]***<br>00149|[0.00762]***<br>00149|[0.00509]***<br>00125|[0.00768]***<br>00145|[0.00679]***<br>00128|
|<br>Washing machine|.<br>[0.00155]***<br>0.00164|.<br>[0.00221]***<br>0.00228|.<br>[0.00220]***<br>0.00295|.<br>[0.00151]***<br>0.00104|.<br>[0.00216]***<br>0.00266|.<br>[0.00179]***<br>0.00126|
|_Public policy_|[0.00204]|[0.00365]|[0.00371]|[0.00201]|[0.00381]|[0.00328]|
|<br>Public preprimary centers per 100 children 4-6 in the municipality (2017)|-0.000114<br>[000666]||||0.00311<br>[000710]|0.0047<br>[000727]|
|Pbli i t 100 hild 46 i th iilit 2017 * H hild 46|.<br>0002||||.<br>0000689|.<br>0000124|
|uc preprmary ceners per cren - n e muncpay () as c -|.<br>||||.<br>|-.<br>|
|Has child 4-6|[0.00129]<br>0.00506||||[0.00156]<br>0.00516|[0.00159]<br>0.00585|
|Log of per capita public spending in education (2017)|[0.00216]**|0.00846|||[0.00410]<br>0.00453|[0.00423]<br>-0.000234|
|||[00572]|||[00588]|[00394]|
|Log of per capita public spending in education (2017) * Has child 0-12||.<br>-0.0289<br>|||.<br>-0.0232<br>|.<br>-0.0109<br>|
|Has child 0-12||[0.0285]<br>0.164|||[0.0252]<br>0.134|[0.0200]<br>0.0696|
|||[0.149]|||[0.131]|[0.105]|
|Log of per capita public spending in health (2017)|||-0.0334<br>[00139]**||-0.0295<br>[00135]**|-0.0255<br>[000982]**|
|Log of per capita public spending in health (2017) * Has family member 60+|||.<br>0.00487<br>**||.<br>0.0048<br>**|.<br>0.00485<br>**|
||||[0.00212]<br>||[0.00224]<br>|[0.00218]<br>|
|Has family member 60+|||-0.0404||-0.0393|-0.0392|
|Municipal Road Acessibility|||[0.0114]***|0.0856|[0.0119]***<br>0.0666|[0.0118]***<br>0.0669|
|<br>_Local labor markets_||||[0.0202]***|[0.0191]***|[0.0201]***|
|<br>Male/Female employment ratio in the municipality|0.0108<br>|0.0088<br>|0.0112<br>|0.0112<br>|0.0111<br>|0.007<br>|
|Log of municipality GDP per capita|[0.00355]***<br>0.318|[0.00539]<br>0.071|[0.00628]*<br>0.127|[0.00348]***<br>0.303|[0.00595]*<br>0.12|[0.00437]<br>0.114|
|Crime rate<br>|[0.0590]***<br>-4.46<br>[2.719]<br>|[0.0228]***<br>1.747<br>[2.925]<br>|[0.0384]***<br>0.763<br>[3.437]<br>|[0.0568]***<br>-3.294<br>[2.516]<br>|[0.0364]***<br>1.671<br>[3.251]<br>|[0.0327]***<br>2.804<br>[3.563]<br>|
|Share of male employment in primary (municipality)|0.156<br>|0.0616<br>|0.0409<br>|0.199<br>|0.0728<br>|0.0703<br>|
||[0.0637]**|[0.0726]|[0.0775]|[0.0632]***|[0.0742]|[0.0604]|
|Share of male employment in construction (municipality)|0.0803|-0.0825|-0.143|0.0977|-0.154|-0.155|
|Share of male employment in white services (municipality)|[0.103]<br>-0.638<br>[0183]***|[0.117]<br>-0.303<br>[0188]|[0.140]<br>-0.355<br>[0212]|[0.0999]<br>-0.595<br>[0174]***|[0.147]<br>-0.338<br>[0198]|[0.145]<br>-0.448<br>[0211]**|
|Share of male employment in other services (municipality)|.<br>0.138<br>**|.<br>0.0908<br>|.<br>0.0777<br>|.<br>0.144<br>**|.<br>0.09<br>|.<br>0.0815<br>|
||[0.0654]<br>|[0.0699]<br>|[0.0707]<br>|[0.0592]<br>|[0.0680]<br>|[0.0641]<br>|
|Constant|-2.206<br>[0.540]***|-0.104<br>[0.436]|-0.369<br>[0.307]|-2.131<br>[0.521]***|-0.394<br>[0.433]|-0.337<br>[0.349]|
|Observations<br>Rd|1,453,762<br>0116|1,453,762<br>0088|1,453,762<br>0089|1,453,762<br>0118|1,453,762<br>0091|1,453,762<br>0095|
|-square<br>Department fixed effects|.<br>Yes|.<br>No|.<br>No|.<br>Yes|.<br>No|.<br>No|
|Clustered std. errors|Municipality|Department|Department|Department|Department|Department|

Sources: 2018 National Census of Guatemala, 2017 and 2018 municipality statistics (FUNDESA and INE), 2017 Latinobarometro survey, 2017 social spending data (ICEFI). Notes: Men ages 25 to 49 who either have spouses that are household heads or that are household heads themselves. Robust standard errors clustered at the municipality/department level.

*** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1.

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