**Table 6: How do the different methods compare in terms of Power in detecting a given treatment effect?**

|||_Sa_|_mple Size of_|_30_||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Single<br>Random<br>Draw|Stratified<br>on 2<br>variables|Pairwise<br>Greedy<br>Matching|Big<br>Stick<br>Rule|Draw with<br>minmax<br>t-stat|Stratified<br>on<br>i.i.d noise|Matching<br>on<br> i.i.d. noise|
|**Panel A: Proportion of p-values<0**|**.10 when n**|**o adjustm**|**ent is made**|**for meth**|**od of rando**|**mization**||
|Microenterprise profits (Sri Lanka)|0.144|0.106|0.100|0.139|0.154|0.119|0.086|
|Child schooling (Indonesia)|0.123|0.146|0.106|0.115|0.066|0.133|0.144|
|Household expenditure (Indonesia)|0.390|0.382|0.340|0.382|0.360|0.396|0.387|
|Labor income (Mexico)|0.172|0.097|0.154|0.157|0.097|0.150|0.218|
|Height z-score (Pakistan)|0.174|0.134|0.127|0.134|0.052|0.213|0.194|
|Math test score (Pakistan)|0.167|0.051|0.018|0.139|0.087|0.176|0.131|
|**Panel B: Proportion of p-values<0**<br>**(and for the single random draw c**|**.10 when a**<br>**ontrols for**|**djustment**<br>**the seven**|**is made for**<br>**baseline va**|**randomi**<br>**riables ar**|**zation meth**<br>**e added to**|**od**<br>**the regres**|**sion)**|
|Microenterprise profits (Sri Lanka)|0.130|0.135|0.158|0.131|0.167|0.158|0.164|
|Child schooling (Indonesia)|0.109|0.131|0.115|0.112|0.095|0.111|0.144|
|Household expenditure (Indonesia)|0.409|0.424|0.574|0.419|0.461|0.382|0.356|
|Labor income (Mexico)|0.204|0.226|0.190|0.220|0.243|0.175|0.151|
|Height z-score (Pakistan)|0.246|0.201|0.200|0.251|0.281|0.162|0.157|
|Math test score (Pakistan)|0.183|0.313|0.304|0.187|0.217|0.158|0.170|

||||_Sample S_|_ize of 300_|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Single<br>Random<br>Draw|Stratified<br>on 2<br>variables|Stratified<br>on 4<br>variables|Pairwise<br>Greedy<br>Matching|Big<br>Stick<br>Rule|Draw with<br>minmax<br>t-stat|Stratified<br>on<br>i.i.d noise|Matching<br>on<br> i.i.d. noise|
|**Panel C: Proportion of p-values<0**<br>|**.10 when n**|**o adjustm**|**ent is made**|**for metho**|**d of rand**|**omization**|||
|Microenterprise profits (Sri Lanka)|0.288|0.274|0.278|0.267|0.280|0.280|0.289|0.279|
|Child schooling (Indonesia)|0.606|0.585|0.562|0.607|0.597|0.600|0.563|0.610|
|Household expenditure (Indonesia)|0.999|0.999|1.000|1.000|0.999|1.000|0.998|0.999|
|Labor income (Mexico)|0.494|0.486|0.480|0.475|0.489|0.474|0.490|0.484|
|Height z-score (Pakistan)|0.728|0.757|0.756|0.766|0.743|0.767|0.757|0.728|
|Math test score (Pakistan)|0.615|0.654|0.650|0.655|0.619|0.657|0.631|0.624|
|<br>**Panel D: Proportion of p-values<0**<br>**(and for the single random draw c**|**.10 when a**<br>**ontrols for**|**djustment**<br>**the seven**|**is made fo**<br>**baseline v**|**r randomiza**<br>**ariables are**|**tion met**<br>**added to**|**hod**<br>**the regres**|**sion)**||
|Microenterprise profits (Sri Lanka)|0.301|0.305|0.343|0.290|0.302|0.309|0.283|0.338|
|Child schooling (Indonesia)|0.608|0.596|0.589|0.602|0.619|0.595|0.559|0.607|
|Household expenditure (Indonesia)|1.000|1.000|1.000|1.000|1.000|1.000|0.998|0.998|
|Labor income (Mexico)|0.584|0.561|0.541|0.761|0.584|0.582|0.493|0.602|
|Height z-score (Pakistan)|0.863|0.849|0.854|0.853|0.867|0.866|0.741|0.721|
|Math test score(Pakistan)|0.812|0.792|0.781|0.829|0.816|0.826|0.630|0.603|

Notes: Statistics are based on 10,000 simulations of each method. Details on methods and variables are in Table A2. Simulated treatment effects are as follows Microenterprise profits: A 1,000 Sri Lankan Rupee increase in profits (about 25% of average baseline profits) Child schooling: One in three randomly selected children in the treatment group who would have dropped out don't Household expenditure: An increase of 0.4 in ln household expenditure per capita, which corresponds to about one half a standard deviation or moving a household from the 25th to the 50th percentile.

Labor income: A 920 Peso increase in income (about 20% of average baseline income) Height z-score: An increase of one quarter of a standard deviation in the z-score, where the z-score is defined as standard deviations from mean US height for age Math test score: An increase of one quarter of a standard deviation in the test score