**<u>Table 6: Comparing production and yields between estates and smallholders</u>**

||||**Esta**|**tes by siz**|**e in ha**||||**Smallhold**|**ers by si**|**ze in ha**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||**All**|**<=5 **|**5-10**|**10-50**|**50-100**|**100-500**|**>500**|**All**|**<=1 **|**1-5 **|**5-10**|**>10**|
|**Land use**|||||||||||||
|Area owned|433.86|4.00|8.52|21.61|74.28|272.36|2,544|1.06|0.43|1.72|7.07|29.34|
|Area operated|66.98|3.50|5.77|10.27|27.42|80.21|294.53|0.70|0.38|1.35|5.10|8.07|
|**Share of area by crop**|||||||||||||
|Tobacco (%)|42.07|31.94|15.89|39.71|42.48|47.93|47.15|1.77|1.22|3.65|4.55|2.36|
|Maize (%)|38.86|56.94|66.95|44.30|41.75|30.83|22.93|60.06|60.51|58.90|60.13|49.55|
|<br>Beans (%)|0.73|0.00|1.28|0.76|1.68|0.28|0.51|1.86|1.94|1.62|1.40|1.44|
|Rice (%)|1.08|0.00|0.00|1.13|0.07|1.75|0.89|2.34|2.27|2.65|3.40|0.53|
|Cassava (%)|1.84|0.00|0.64|1.80|3.46|2.48|0.10|4.65|4.28|5.88|2.37|9.40|
|Ground nuts (%)|7.02|5.56|12.99|9.95|6.78|3.38|1.38|4.86|4.06|7.46|5.69|11.20|
|<br>Tea (%)|3.67|0.00|0.00|0.00|0.00|5.92|16.97|0.02|0.01|0.07|0.00|0.00|
|Other crops (%)|4.73|5.56|2.24|2.35|3.79|7.43|10.07|12.87|12.86|13.11|9.06|11.95|
|**Yield (kg/ha) by crop**|||||||||||||
|<br>Tobacco|960|854|1,047|905|1,089|1,010|1,000|1,129|1,233|1,073|674|491|
|Maize|1,585|1,313|<br>1,874|1,685|<br>1,286|<br>,1385|<br>1,606|<br>1,765|<br>1,911|<br>1,367|505|1,199|
|Beans|355||75|207|432|1,200|615|427|455|334|115|1,043|
|Rice|1,123|||1,310||750|750|2,143|2,333|1,835|188|673|
|Cassava|<br>3,058|||<br>3,692|1,417|2,140||<br>2,742|<br>2,914|<br>2,366|1,681|3,200|
|Ground nuts|765||440|840|439|783|550|1,199|1,298|1,087|720|821|
|Tea|648|||||1,537|370|2,992|1,004|3,489|||
|**Purchased inputs**|||||||||||||
|<br>Purchased fertilizer (%)|93.66|75.00|82.76|95.73|89.58|93.75|93.39|60.91|58.69|70.03|56.32|53.27|
|Cost of fertilizer (US$/ha)|192.09|161.50|118.11|149.68|175.01|270.21|250.15|41.05|48.54|17.09|3.97|1.07|
|<br>Purchased pesticides (%)|65.78|50.00|37.93|56.64|65.63|78.13|85.95|7.98|7.06|11.07|11.05|11.21|
|<br>Cost of pesticides (US$/ha)|27.70|26.17|3.30|8.48|12.49|60.84|62.45|1.74|2.13|0.47|0.30|0.04|
|Purchased seed (%)|65.09|50.00|62.07|67.77|70.83|60.94|59.50|44.82|44.02|48.07|44.21|44.39|
|Cost of seed (US$/ha)|9.71|1.79|10.00|5.27|10.32|13.19|19.92|15.42|19.01|3.71|1.29|0.28|
|<br>Purchased other inputs (%)|13.13|25.00|27.59|14.45|15.63|10.42|6.61||||||
|<br>Cost of other inputs (US$/ha)|1.79|0.00|19.47|1.30|1.56|1.66|0.02||||||
|**Sample distribution**|||||||||||||
|<br>North (%)|23.96|25.00|3.45|33.89|30.21|13.02|6.61|16.46|15.64|19.83|8.95|4.67|
|<br>Center (%)|57.83|37.50|72.41|61.61|57.29|49.48|56.20|37.35|34.03|47.22|60.00|69.63|
|South (%)|18.20|37.50|24.14|4.50|12.50|37.50|37.19|46.20|50.33|32.96|31.05|25.70|
|No. obs|868|8|29|422|96|192|121|20,677|15,946|4,327|190|214|

_Source:_ Own computation from 2006/07 NACAL.

_Note:_ Other crops for estates include cotton, paprika, soya beans, coffee, macadamia nut, sugar cane, sorghum, peas, and grams. Other crops for smallholders include sorghum, millet, soya beans, ground beans, pigeon peas, cow peas, sun flower, sweet potato, irish potato, cotton, sugar cane, and coffee.

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