Table 2: Estimations of GQ improvements for entrants into manufacturing organized sector

||A|ll areas of dist|ricts|Ur|ban areas of d|istricts|Ru|ral areas of dis|tricts|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Plants|Employmen|t<br>Output|Plants|Employmen|t<br>Output|Plants|Employment|Output|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|(7)|(8)|(9)|
|||A. Base|spatial horizo|n measuring ef|fects relative|to districts 50|+ km from the|GQ network||
|Post GQ upgrades *|0.702|1.167|1.647|0.388|0.631|0.383|-0.165|0.202|0.723|
|Nodal district|(0.662)|(0.814)|(0.951)|(0.433)|(0.566)|(0.723)|(0.692)|(0.804)|(1.215)|
|Post GQ upgrades *|0.436|0.471|0.928|0.319|0.221|0.443|0.442|0.597|1.059|
|District 0-10 km from GQ|(0.172)|(0.239)|(0.346)|(0.176)|(0.252)|(0.380)|(0.183)|(0.260)|(0.389)|
|Post GQ upgrades *|-0.012|-0.056|-0.263|-0.009|-0.056|-0.351|-0.015|0.006|-0.126|
|District 10-50 km from GQ|(0.240)|(0.357)|(0.537)|(0.225)|(0.312)|(0.427)|(0.261)|(0.380)|(0.620)|
|District and year fixed effects|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|Observations|1248|1248|1248|1112|1112|1112|1164|1164|1164|
|||B. Extended|spatial horiz|on measuring|effects relativ|e to districts 2|00+ km from t|he GQ network||
|Post GQ upgrades *|0.621|1.071|1.419|0.416|0.676|0.414|-0.306|0.048|0.423|
|Nodal district|(0.668)|(0.824)|(0.968)|(0.439)|(0.575)|(0.741)|(0.700)|(0.818)|(1.234)|
|Post GQ upgrades *|0.355|0.376|0.702|0.347|0.266|0.474|0.301|0.444|0.758|
|District 0-10 km from GQ|(0.186)|(0.266)|(0.382)|(0.189)|(0.270)|(0.411)|(0.207)|(0.294)|(0.435)|
|Post GQ upgrades *|-0.094|-0.151|-0.490|0.019|-0.011|-0.320|-0.156|-0.148|-0.426|
|District 10-50 km from GQ|(0.253)|(0.379)|(0.566)|(0.236)|(0.327)|(0.456)|(0.281)|(0.407)|(0.655)|
|Post GQ upgrades *|-0.185|-0.282|-0.545|0.059|0.099|-0.005|-0.263|-0.310|-0.553|
|District 50-125 km from GQ|(0.214)|(0.310)|(0.513)|(0.241)|(0.279)|(0.433)|(0.236)|(0.379)|(0.634)|
|Post GQ upgrades *|-0.136|-0.101|-0.356|0.055|0.084|0.132|-0.287|-0.294|-0.617|
|District 125-200 km from GQ|(0.229)|(0.360)|(0.513)|(0.249)|(0.364)|(0.548)|(0.236)|(0.391)|(0.571)|
|District and year fixed effects|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|Observations|1248|1248|1248|1112|1112|1112|1164|1164|1164|

Notes: Estimations consider the location of organized-sector manufacturing activity in 311 Indian districts for 1994, 2000, 2005, and 2007 from the Annual Survey of Industries. Young plants are those less than four years old. Panel A estimates effects of GQ upgrades for nearby districts relative to districts more than 50 km from the GQ network; Panel B includes extended spatial rings to measure effects relative to districts 200 km away from the GQ network. The Post GQ upgrades variable takes unit value for the years 2005 and 2007 after the GQ upgrades commenced in 2001. Outcome variables are winsorized at their 1% and 99% levels, and entry variables are coded at the 1% level where no entry is observed to maintain a consistent sample. Columns 4-6 consider urban areas within districts, while columns 7-9 consider rural areas. Districts are dropped in these urban/rural splits if there are no manufacturing areas of that type within the district. Estimations report standard errors clustered by district, include district and year fixed effects, and weight observations by log total district population in 2001.

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