**Table 8: Real patients in the public and private sectors**

||**(1)**|**(2)**<br>**Repr **|**(3)**<br>**esentative sa**|**(4)**<br>**mple**|**(5)**|**(6)**|**(7)**|**(8)**<br>**Dual sampl**|**(9)**<br>**e**|**(10)**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||Disensed/|||||Disensed/||
||Time spent<br>(mins)|Total<br>questions|Physical<br>examination|p<br>prescribed<br>medicines|Number of<br>medicines|Time spent<br>(mins)|Total<br>questions|Physical<br>examination|p<br>prescribed<br>medicines|Number of<br>medicines|
|**Panel A: nopatient controls or**|**fixed effects**||||||||||
|Is a private provider|1.456***|0.799***|0.371***|-0.026**|0.500***|1.894***|1.154***|0.143**|-0.008|-0.021|
||(0.323)|(0.180)|(0.108)|(0.011)|(0.121)|(0.569)|(0.318)|(0.063)|(0.009)|(0.134)|
|R-squared|0.054|0.030|0.103|0.003|0.017|0.115|0.082|0.017|0.001|0.000|
|Number of observations|1,137|1,137|1,133|1,138|1,138|1,085|1,083|1,082|1,090|1,090|
|Mean of public|2.378|2.994|0.473|0.994|2.319|1.499|3.284|0.678|0.991|3.190|
|Mean of private|3.833|3.793|0.844|0.968|2.819|3.393|4.439|0.821|0.983|3.169|
|Mean of sample|3.621|3.676|0.790|0.972|2.746|1.899|3.527|0.708|0.989|3.185|
|Number of public providers|29|29|29|29|29|51|51|51|51|51|
|Number ofprivateproviders|169|169|169|169|169|40|40|41|41|41|
|**Panel B: including patient contr**|**ols and market**|**/district fix**|**ed effects**||||||||
|Is a private provider|1.192***|0.615**|0.510***|0.009|0.548***|1.464***|0.494***|0.080**|-0.016|-0.014|
||(0.325)|(0.248)|(0.086)|(0.014)|(0.150)|(0.300)|(0.128)|(0.039)|(0.012)|(0.098)|
|Has MBBS degree|-0.427|0.416*|0.155**|-0.024|-0.336||||||
||(0.516)|(0.227)|(0.079)|(0.015)|(0.211)||||||
|Has some qualification|0.349|0.021|0.004|-0.034**|-0.157||||||
||(0.388)|(0.143)|(0.050)|(0.015)|(0.139)||||||
|Age of Provider|-0.027**|0.006|0.001|0.001|0.007|-0.004|-0.011**|-0.001|-0.000|-0.014***|
||(0.010)|(0.005)|(0.002)|(0.001)|(0.006)|(0.006)|(0.005)|(0.002)|(0.000)|(0.004)|
|Gender of Provider (1=Male)|-1.433**|-0.780|0.016|0.006|-0.116|-0.362*|0.056|-0.102*|0.008|-0.017|
||(0.688)|(0.756)|(0.087)|(0.019)|(0.203)|(0.202)|(0.203)|(0.054)|(0.015)|(0.139)|
|R-squared|0.295|0.331|0.368|0.113|0.309|0.167|0.354|0.195|0.051|0.180|
|Number of observations|835|835|833|835|835|812|811|810|813|813|

Notes: *** Significant at 1%, ** Significant at 5%, * Significant at 10%. Robust standard errors clustered at the village level in parenthesis. Observations are patient-provider interactions, and the sample has been limited to the SP sample. All regressions include controls for patients' characteristics and patients' presenting symptoms. Controls for patients' characteristics include: whether patient has no education, number of questions asked by patient, and patients' asset index. Controls for patients' presenting symptoms include: number of days patient has been sick, patients' ease in performing activities of daily living, and indicators for a number of presenting symptoms (fever, cold, diarrhea, weakness, injury, vomiting, dermatological problem, pregnancy, and pain). In columns (5) and (10) the dependent variable is total number of medicines recommended to the patient (dispensed and/or prescribed).