Magnus George (2006). “Petrodollars: Where are they and how do they Matter?” UBS Investment Research, Economic Insights. UBS.

Mann Catherine L. (1999). “Is the US Trade Deficit Sustainable?” Washington: Institute for International Economics.

Moepeng T. Pelotshweu (2007). Rural Poverty and Economic Deprivation in Botswana. Unpublished Dissertation, The School of Economics, The University of Queensland.

Ndikumana Leonce and James Boyce (2008). “New Estimates of Capital Flight from Sub-Saharan African Countries: Linkages with External Borrowing and Policy Options.” _PERI Working Paper Series_ No. 166, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Nunn Nathan (2008). “The Long-Term Effects of Africa’s Slave Trades.” _Quarterly Journal of Economics_ , 123 (1): 139-176.

Nyarko Yaw (2008). “The United Arab Emirates: Some Lessons in Economic Development”. Unpublished Manuscript.

Pattillo Catherine, Helene Poirson and Luca Ricci (2002). “External Debt and Growth.” _IMF Working Paper_ WP/02, The International Monetary Fund.

Pattillo Catherine, Sanjeev Gupta and Kevin Carey (2006). “Sustaining and Accelerating Pro-Poor Growth in Africa.” International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.

Phillips Kevin (2008). Bad Money: Reckless Finance, Failed Politics, and the Global Crisis of American Capitalism. Viking, New York, USA.

Rodrik Dani, A. Subramanian and F. Trebbi (2004). “Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Integration and Geography in Development.” _Journal of Economic Growth_ , 9, 131-165.

Rowley K. Charles (2000). “Political Culture and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa.” _European Journal of Political Economy_ , Vol. 16, 133-158.

Sachs Jeffrey and Andrew Warner (1995). “Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth.” _NBER Working Paper_ No. 5398. The National Bureau of Economic Research.

Sala-i-Martin Xavier and Arvind Subramanian (2003). “Addressing the Natural resource Curse: An Illustration from Nigeria.” _NBER Working Paper Series_ No. 9804. The National Bureau of Economic Research.

Schwabe Craig (2004). “Fact Sheet: Poverty in South Africa.” Human Sciences Research Council Fact Sheet No. 1. The Human Sciences Research Council, The Republic of South Africa.

Segal Ronald (2001). “Islam’s Black Slaves”, Farrar, New York, USA.

Shochat Sharon (2008). “The Gulf Cooperation Council Economies: Diversification and Reform— An Introduction.” The Kuwait Research Programme on Development, Governance and Globalization in the Gulf States. London School of Economics.

Statistics South Africa (2004). _Labor Force Survey_ , Pretoria: Stats SA.

Stijns Jean-Philippe (2002). “An Empirical Test of the Dutch Disease Hypothesis Using A Gravity Model of Trade.” Unpublished, University of California at Berkeley, Department of Economics.

Sturm Michael, Jan Strasky, Petra Adolf and Dominik Peschel (2008). “The Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Economic Structures, Recent Developments and Role in the Global Economy.” _European Central Bank Occasional Paper Series_ No. 92. The European Central Bank.

Summers Lawrence H. (2006). “Reflections on Global Account Imbalances and Emerging Markets Reserve Accumulation.” Harvard University, Office of the President.

26