This analysis is the first application of the Poverty-DRM household survey designed to investigate the interactions between poverty and flood risks. Variations of this survey are now being implemented in other cities, including Addis-Abeba and Dire Dawa in Ethiopia, Dar-es-Salam in Tanzania, and Porto Alegre in Brazil. Hopefully, comparison of the results across cities and for floods of various intensities will help us understand better how to mitigate the impact of flood risks on poverty and to prioritize the interventions that are the most likely to contribute to the long-term eradication of extreme poverty.

# **10. Acknowledgments**

This report was written by a team composed of Alvina Erman, Elliot Motte, Radhika Goyal, Akosua Asare, Shinya Takamatsu, Xiaomeng Chen, Silvia Malgioglio, Alexander Skinner, and Nobuo Yoshida, and led by Stephane Hallegatte. It benefited from contributions by Kirsten Hommann, Kathleen G. Beegle, Tomomi Tanaka, Ryan Engstrom, Dan Pavelesku, Yan F. Zhang, Shohei Nakamura, and Brian Walsh. The core team received invaluable support in Ghana from Rachel Annan, Frederick Addison, Akosua Asare and Charlotte Hayfron from the World Bank and Dr. Clement Adamba and Prof. Robert Osei from ISSER, University of Ghana. We would like to thank the Accra Metropolitan Assembly (AMA) for supporting this work and a special thank you to Lydia Addy and her team for providing guidance of the local context. We would also like to thank the Sub-Metro Directors and their teams for supporting enumerators during data collection in areas covered by the survey.

This report and study is the result of a collaborative effort between the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) and two World Bank Global Practices (Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience; and Poverty), initiated by Niels B. Holm-Nielson with the support of Francis Ghesquiere and Pierella Paci. A special thanks to Marianne Fay, Chief Economist for Sustainable Development, and Henry G. R. Kerali, Country Director for Ghana, for chairing the internal review and providing their guidance on the project. Invaluable contributions were provided by the report’s peer reviewers: Kirsten Hommann, Oscar Ishizawa, Emmanuel Skoufias and Sarah Coll-Black.

For important contributions and advice, the team thanks Asmita Tiwari, Oleksiy Ivaschenko, Carl Christian Dingel, Nancy Lozano Garcia, Yohannes Yemane Kesete, Edward Charles Anderson, Keren Carla Charles, Sajid Anwar, Julie Rozenberg, Eric Dickson, Monica Yanez Pagans, Tiguist Fisseha, Oscar Ishizawa, Emmanuel Skoufias, Pauline Cazaubon, Frederico Ferreira Fonse Pedroso, Jonas Ingemann Parby, Emilie Bernadette Perge, Claudia Soto, Ivo Imparato, Beatrix Allah-Mensah, Carlos Silva-Jauregui The report was sponsored by the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) with additional support from the Research Support Budget (RSB).

# **11. References**

> Abeka, Emmanuel Anyang (2014). Annepu R, Themelis N. (2013) Analysis of Waste Management in Accra, Ghana and Recommendations for further improvement. Earth Engineering Center, Columbia University and Zoomlion Ghana.

> Akter, S., and B. Mallick. (2013). “The Poverty–Vulnerability–Resilience Nexus: Evidence from Bangladesh.” _Ecological Economics_ 96: 114–24. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.10.008.

> Alderman, H., Gentilini, U., Gilligan, D., Hoddinott, J. and Karachiwalla, N. (2014) “Designing and Implementing Urban Safety Nets: A Review of Selected Issues and Practices”. World Bank and IFPRI. Washington DC. Mimeo

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