(average) firm size in terms of employment is relatively heterogeneous across them. The average firm size ranges from approximately 250 employees in the repair of machinery sector to approximately 1,100 employees in automobile production. During the observed time period, the median firm growth rates across all sub-industries imply that the respective firms reduce their number of employees throughout. Here, the only exception is the interdisciplinary production industry, where the median firm does not change its number of employees from 2005 to 2010. These downsizing tendencies are most pronounced in the machine tools sector, with a median firm growth rate of -6.1%.

Table 1: Descriptive statistics: Firm size and firm growth in terms of employment in the machine building industries

||**Variable**|**Obs.**|**Mean**|**25** <sup>_th_</sup><br>**perc.**|**Median**|**75** <sup>_th_</sup><br>**perc.**|**Std.**<br>**dev.**|**Min.**|**Max.**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Full sample**|Employment growth|783|-0.025|-0.073|-0.019|0.024|0.134|-0.780|2.279|
||Log(employment)|914|6.239|5.357|6.116|6.948|1.183|2.398|10.263|
|**By ownership structure**||||||||||
|Private|Employment growth|93|-0.018|-0.069|-0.011|0.030|0.101|-0.397|0.243|
||Log(employment)|113|5.739|5.176|5.673|6.182|0.791|3.807|7.448|
|State-owned|Employment growth|324|-0.026|-0.076|-0.019|0.027|0.119|-0.780|0.805|
||<br>Log(employment)|393|6.532|5.541|6.657|7.249|1.325|2.398|10.263|
|Mixed ownership|Employment growth|366|-0.025|-0.073|-0.022|0.019|0.153|-0.356|2.279|
||Log(employment)|408|6.096|5.311|5.833|6.751|1.051|4.220|10.027|
|Ministry-reporting|Employment growth|383|-0.041|-0.082|-0.037|0.011|0.089|-0.377|0.405|
||Log(employment)|451|6.733|6.043|6.720|7.203|1.170|4.263|10.263|
|Non-Ministry-reporting|Employment growth|400|-0.009|-0.054|-0.005|0.035|0.165|-0.780|2.279|
||Log(employment)|463|5.758|5.100|5.591|6.269|0.981|2.398|8.412|
|**By type of firm**||||||||||
|Head companies|Employment growth|35|-0.027|-0.073|-0.004|0.017|0.095|-0.332|0.221|
||Log(employment)|41|7.921|5.565|8.946|9.243|1.827|4.771|10.053|
|Affiliates of vertical chains|Employment growth|143|-0.027|-0.078|-0.027|0.034|0.086|-0.296|0.229|
||Log(employment)|170|6.669|6.096|6.724|7.240|0.765|4.949|8.514|
|Independent firms|Employment growth|605|-0.024|-0.071|-0.018|0.021|0.145|-0.780|2.279|
||Log(employment)|703|6.038|5.176|5.829|6.799|1.113|2.398|10.263|
|**By subsector**||||||||||
|Electrical|Employment growth|65|-0.045|-0.082|-0.037|0.021|0.088|-0.273|0.127|
||Log(employment)|72|6.245|5.817|6.534|6.949|0.909|4.263|7.448|
|Interdis. production|Employment growth|58|-0.025|-0.058|0.000|0.025|0.181|-0.780|0.805|
||Log(employment)|60|6.199|5.566|6.060|7.214|0.881|4.605|7.455|
|Agricultural machinery|Employment growth|118|-0.017|-0.060|-0.014|0.037|0.084|-0.296|0.283|
||Log(employment)|129|6.214|5.17|5.737|6.757|1.425|4.419|10.053|
|Automobile|Employment growth|111|-0.010|-0.063|-0.006|0.052|0.123|-0.397|0.405|
||Log(employment)|123|7.005|5.694|7.181|8.204|1.448|4.5|10.263|
|Instrumentation|Employment growth|52|-0.056|-0.103|-0.051|0.000|0.088|-0.377|0.103|
||<br>Log(employment)|63|6.433|5.951|6.781|7.048|0.982|3.807|8.001|
|Machine tools|<br>Employment growth|55|-0.076|-0.122|-0.061|-0.021|0.082|-0.342|0.119|
||Log(employment)|66|6.602|6.460|6.689|6.881|0.497|5.215|7.366|
|Repair of machinery|Employment growth|108|0.013|-0.047|-0.007|0.030|0.240|-0.451|2.279|
||Log(employment)|111|5.521|4.934|5.303|5.835|0.798|4.554|7.534|

_Notes:_ Statistics by subsector are reported for subsectors where at least 50 observations are available.

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