The results presented in Table 6 indicate that the inclusion of neutral and humanitarian external military interventions (NH) preserves our findings of significant and positive association between non-neutral and non-humanitarian interventions and conflict. Only in specifications (1) and (4) in Table 6, NH is positively and significantly associated with the incidence of civil war. However, in all other specifications (columns (2), (3), (5), and (6) of Table 6), which feature the interaction of intervention with the polarization measures, neutral and humanitarian external intervention variable is not significant and neither are its interactions with religious and ethnic polarization. This result implies that only non-neutral and non-humanitarian external military intervention modifies RELPOL and only this type of intervention is associated with conflict regardless of the presence of efforts to intervene in a neutral way for humanitarian purposes. Finally, we also test and confirm the robustness of the results to changes in the conflict intensity and the single-equation logit model specifications (Table 7).

**Table 7 Logit Regressions for the Incidence of Civil Wars: Comparing Alternative -** **<u>Definitions of Civil War (1965 2005)</u>**

||**(1)**|**(2)**|**(3)**|**(4)**|**(5)**|**(6)**|**(7)**|**(8)**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Dependent Variable**|PRIO25|PRIO25|PRIO25|PRIO25|PRIO1000|PRIO1000|PRIO1000|PRIO1000|
|LGDPPC|**-0.65**<sup>*******</sup>|**-0.50**<sup>*******</sup>|**-0.73**<sup>*******</sup>|**-0.54**<sup>*******</sup>|**-0.59*****|-0.39<sup>**</sup>|**-0.63**<sup>*******</sup>|**-0.47**<sup>*******</sup>|
|LPOP|**0.33**<sup>******</sup>|**0.20**<sup>******</sup>|**0.35**<sup>******</sup>|**0.21**<sup>******</sup>|**0.15**|**0.04**|**0.17**|**0.06**|
|PRIMEXP|-0.35|-0.33|0.02|-0.18|-1.23|-1.67<sup>*</sup>|-0.83|-1.15|
|MOUNTAINS|0.01|0.01|0.01|0.01|0.01|0.01|0.01|0.01|
|NONCONT|0.99<sup>**</sup>|0.75<sup>*</sup>|0.97<sup>**</sup>|0.76<sup>**</sup>|0.93|0.85<sup>*</sup>|0.88|0.79|
|DEMOCRACY|0.30|0.24|0.33|0.24|-0.10|-0.03|-0.06|0.02|
|ETHFRAC|0.23|0.09|0.10|0.04|**0.78**|**0.84**|**0.38**|**0.65**|
|ETHPOL|1.83<sup>**</sup>|**1.41**<sup>******</sup>|**2.2**<sup>**7*****</sup>|**1.82****|2.16*|1.5<sup>8**</sup>|3.34<sup>**</sup>|2.86<sup>**</sup>|
|RELFRAC|||-0.16|-0.58|||1.20|1.03|
|RELPOL|||-0.48|-0.02|||-1.06|-1.08|
|Intnh|1.14<sup>***</sup>|1.29<sup>***</sup>|**1.10**|**1.61**<sup>*****</sup>|**0.90**<sup>*******</sup>|0.69<sup>*</sup>|**1.38**|**1.72**|
|_<br>Dependent variable lag||2.72<sup>***</sup>||2.71<sup>***</sup>||3.05<sup>***</sup>||3.07<sup>***</sup>|
|<br>Intnh˟ RELPOL|||1.70<sup>**</sup>|1.17|||**1.93**<sup>*****</sup>|**1.57**|
|_<br>Intnh˟ ETHPOL|||-1.73|-1.90|||--2.93<sup>*</sup>|-3.64<sup>**</sup>|
|_<br>Intnh˟|3.05<sup>***</sup>|1.23|3.29<sup>***</sup>|1.52*|2.93<sup>***</sup>|2.48<sup>***</sup>|2.82<sup>***</sup>|2.57<sup>***</sup>|
|_<br>RELPOLxMENA|||||||||
|Intercept|-3.20|-2.77<sup>*</sup>|-2.78|-2.57<sup>*</sup>|-2.36|-2.14|-2.69|-2.48|
|<br>N|946|863|946|863|946|863|946|863|
|McFadden’s R<sup>2</sup>|0.196|0.381|0.204|0.385|0.180|0.379|0.195|0.391|
|McFadden’s Adjusted<br>R<sup>2</sup>|0.175|0.357|0.175|0.353|0.146|0.339|0.147|0.337|

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