**<u>Table 4: Estimated impact of property rights intervention on time use</u>**

||**Total**|**Farming**|**Young (16-40)**<br>**Off farm**|**Males only**<br>**Migration**|**Farming**|**Old (40-60)**<br>**Off farm**|**Migration**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Panel 1**||||||||
|Chengdu|0.172|-0.100|0.619**|-0.226|-0.161|-0.092|0.028|
||(0.089)|(0.067)|(0.109)|(0.123)|(0.137)|(0.080)|(0.151)|
|Post reform|0.103|0.333|-0.147|0.317|0.389*|0.011|-0.504**|
||(0.156)|(0.302)|(0.079)|(0.244)|(0.153)|(0.150)|(0.134)|
|Chengdu*post|<br>0.389***|<br>0.646**|<br>-0.332***|<br>0.092|<br>0.082|<br>0.415**|<br>0.335|
||(0.039)|(0.127)|(0.045)|(0.061)|(0.179)|(0.109)|(0.206)|
|Bootstrapped p-value|0.268|0.258|0.146|0.148|0.651|0.000|0.424|
|<br>Observations|1,242|748|748|748|765|765|765|
|R-squared|0.272|0.079|0.031|0.079|0.040|0.060|0.078|
||**Total**||**Young (16-40)**|**Females only**||**Old (40-55)**||
|||**Farming**|<br>**Off farm**|**Migration**|**Farming**|**Off farm**|**Migration**|
|**Panel 2**||||||||
|Chengdu|0.144**|0.112|-0.019|0.021|-0.159*|0.120|0.039|
||(0.025)|(0.114)|(0.036)|(0.123)|(0.055)|(0.069)|(0.078)|
|Post reform|0.898|0.403|0.182**|0.370|0.789|0.208|-0.419|
||(0.473)|(0.515)|(0.045)|(0.163)|(0.514)|(0.208)|(0.241)|
|Chengdu*post|-0.232|0.315|0.040|-0.435*|-0.548**|0.221***|0.182|
||(0.148)|(0.149)|(0.109)|(0.144)|(0.128)|(0.035)|(0.089)|
|Bootstrapped p-value|0.256|0.202|0.909|0.202|0.102|0.102|0.374|
|Observations|1,101|688|688|688|527|527|527|
|R-squared|0.311|0.132|0.063|0.099|0.086|0.067|0.024|
|||||**Entire sample**||||
||**Total**|**Y**|**oung people (16-**|**40)**|**Ol**|**d people (40-60**|**/55)**|
|||**Farming**|**Off farm**|**Migration**|**Farming**|**Off farm**|**Migration**|
|**Panel 3**||||||||
|Chengdu|0.372**|0.095|0.528***|-0.117|-0.275|0.076|0.003|
||(0.079)|(0.130)|(0.086)|(0.159)|(0.122)|(0.178)|(0.188)|
|Post reform|<br>0.837|<br>0.585|<br>-0.058|<br>0.342|<br>1.110*|<br>0.265|<br>-1.015**|
||(0.541)|(0.541)|(0.086)|(0.296)|(0.402)|(0.248)|(0.189)|
|Chengdu*post|<br>0.269|<br>0.964***|<br>-0.438***|<br>-0.258*|<br>-0.116|<br>0.292|<br>0.556|
||(0.141)|(0.085)|(0.054)|(0.106)|(0.206)|(0.201)|(0.283)|
|Bootstrapped p-value|<br>0.278|<br>0.136|<br>0.000|<br>0.000|<br>0.783|<br>0.358|<br>0.356|
|<br>Observations|1,283|974|974|974|812|812|812|
|R-squared|0.335|0.235|0.044|0.098|0.311|0.084|0.114|

_Note:_ Dependent variable isno. of months worked. Household characteristics that are controlled for throughout include number of children, number of adults by age and gender, number of old people, family’s highest education, female household head, head’s age, agricultural subsidies received, contribution to rural pension, rural pension income, expense on cooperative medical scheme, and medical expense paid by cooperative medical scheme. Village characteristics include total labor, land area for agriculture, and indicator variables for remote village, suburban village, distance to county capital longer than 20 km, distance to primary school shorter than 2 km, distance to secondary school shorter than 2 km, and distance to medical station shorter than 2 km. Average level of education and gender composition for the specific group are also controlled for. Robust standard errors in brackets are clustered by treatment status. *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1.

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