18 embodied in trade. Consider first that the shares of traditional inputs in Turkey’s exports fell from 30 percent in 1990 to 24 percent in 1995, and 13 percent in 2002-04. There was a similar trend in imports, with their share declining from 18 percent in 1995 to 13 percent in 2000-04. While Turkey has been as a rule close to being a net exporter of foods and feeds, industrial materials export coverage of their imports has been falling.

**Table 9** : _Exports and net exports of end-use product categories to Pan-European area and ROW in 1995, 2000-04 (in million of US dollars and percent)_

|||Expor|t ($ milli|on)|||Ex|port S|hare (|%)||LS Growth|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Pan-Euro Area**|1995|2000|2002|2003|2004|1995|2000|2001|2002|2003|2004|2000-04 (%)|
|Agricultural Food & Feeds|2,365|1,940|2,087|2,673|3,469|18.6|12.0|11.8|10.0|9.5|9.2|13.9|
|Industrial Raw Materials|359|477|443|591|837|2.8|3.0|2.4|2.1|2.1|2.2|14.2|
|Machinery, excl. Auto|999|2,385|3,462|4,912|6,624|7.9|14.8|14.7|16.6|17.4|17.6|26.6|
|Automobiles & Parts|444|1,013|2,290|3,711|6,427|3.5|6.3|9.5|11.0|13.1|17.0|44.7|
|Textiles & Clothing|6,284|7,089|8,412|10,621|12,187|49.5|43.9|40.9|40.3|37.6|32.3|14.5|
|Other Consumer Goods|1,993|3,065|3,866|5,419|7,715|15.7|19.0|19.3|18.5|19.2|20.5|22.9|
|Fuels|250|173|325|326|436|2.0|1.1|1.4|1.6|1.2|1.2|20.9|
|All Goods|12,695|16,141|20,886|28,255|37,694|100|100|100|100|100|100|21.4|
|**ROW**|||||||||||||
|Agricultural Food & Feeds|2,173|1,887|1,873|2,567|3,009|24.4|16.6|16.7|12.6|13.5|11.8|10.8|
|<br>Industrial Raw Materials|355|347|348|439|628|4.0|3.1|2.6|2.3|2.3|2.5|14.1|
|Machinery, excl. Auto|615|1,709|1,879|2,472|3,465|6.9|15.1|15.9|12.6|13.0|13.6|15.7|
|<br>Automobiles & Parts|282|533|979|1,419|1,726|3.2|4.7|4.5|6.6|7.5|6.8|32.1|
|Textiles & Clothing|2,360|3,116|3,889|4,605|5,436|26.5|27.5|24.2|26.1|24.2|21.4|14.7|
|Other Consumer Goods|3,078|3,629|5,547|6,838|10,164|34.6|32.0|34.7|37.3|36.0|40.0|24.6|
|Fuels|40|124|362|659|999|0.5|1.1|1.4|2.4|3.5|3.9|54.1|
|AllGoods|8,904|11,344|14,876|18,998|25,426|100|100|100|100|100|100|19.7|
|||||||**Memo**|**Item**|**s:**||||LS Growth|
|**Pan-Euro Area**|Exports|in perce|nt of Imp|orts||Total|Export|s in pe|rcent|of Imp|orts|All Exports|
|Agricultural Food & Feeds|139|148|147|153|172|102|93|142|101|101|108|12.4|
|<br>Industrial Raw Materials|29|58|43|35|39|34|38|52|32|28|25|14.1|
|Machinery, excl. Auto|15|24|37|44|44|16|27|44|40|46|43|22.4|
|Automobiles & Parts|39|22|115|80|76|48|29|127|142|96|81|41.2|
|Textiles & Clothing|927|584|584|633|642|459|423|485|389|388|361|14.5|
|Other Consumer Goods|27|29|32|32|36|46|43|60|55|52|55|23.8|
|Fuels|92|17|48|34|41|6|3|5|8|8|10|39.4|
|All Goods|67|55|74|73|72|60|51|76|70|68|65|20.7|
|**ROW **||||||Pan-E|uro S|haresi|n Wor|ldExp|orts|All Imports|
|Agricultural Food & Feeds|78|68|74|74|76|52|51|49|53|51|54|12.9|
|Industrial Raw Materials|41|26|24|22|17|50|58|56|56|57|57|28.7|
|Machinery, excl. Auto|18|35|49|50|40|62|58|56|65|67|66|13.1|
|<br>Automobiles & Parts|74|62|325|199|101|61|66|74|70|72|79|23.2|
|Textiles & Clothing|196|260|225|205|182|73|69|70|68|70|69|19.9|
|<br>Other Consumer Goods|82|71|112|102|91|39|46|43|41|44|43|20.3|
|Fuels|0.9|1.5|4.3|6.2|7.4|86|58|57|47|33|30|11.6|
|All Goods|53|46|64|62|56|59|59|58|58|60|60|16.9|

Note: End-Use categories are defined as Agricultural Food & Feeds (SITC 0+1+2+4-27-28), Industrial Raw Materials (SITC 27+28+68), Machinery, excluding auto (SITC 7-78), Automobiles & Parts (SITC 78), Textiles & Clothing (SITC 5+84), other Consumer Goods (SITC 5+6+8+9-65-68-84), Fuels (SITC 3) and All Goods (SITC 0 to 9).

Source: Based on UN COMTRADE Statistics.

Second, exports of capital and transportation equipment and automobile parts have dramatically expanded while their imports have kept up with the overall growth of total imports. Their aggregate share in total exports increased from 7 percent in 1990 to 11 percent in 1995, 21 percent in 2000 and 29 percent in 2004. Exports of machinery had a least square growth rate of 27 percent and of automobiles and parts of 45 percent in 2000-04. Turkey was a net exporter of automobiles and parts in 2001 and 2002 mainly due to the fall in import demand due to a strong depreciation of Turkish lira following the balance of payments crisis in 2001. The value of imports of automobiles and parts fell 54 percent in 2001 and was still 42 percent below its 2000