# **Table 1: Databases on LIC public debt.**

|**Database**|**Country**<br>**coverage**|**Domestic debt**<br>**definition**|**Public-sector definition**|<br>**Liabilities included**|**Observations**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Christensen (2005)**|27 non CFA Sub-<br>Saharan African<br>countries (of which<br>15 LICs) over 1980-<br>2000.|Not defined.|Central Government.|Domestic debt is defined as gross securitized government<br>debt composed of treasury bills, development stocks, and<br>bonds. It excludes arrears, advances from the central bank,<br>and commercial bank loans.|The dataset has limited country<br>coverage. It contains information on<br>domestic debt structure for 15 LICs<br>up to 2000.|
|**Arnone and**<br>**Presbitero (2010)**|79 developing<br>countries (of which<br>17 LICs) over 1994-<br>2003.|Domestic debt is<br>defined as debt owed<br>to creditor resident in<br>the same country.|<br> <br>Central Government.|Domestic debt is defined as gross securitized government<br>debt, including treasury bills, bonds, notes, and government<br>stocks. It excludes arrears, advances from the central bank,<br>commercial banks loans, debentures, and government<br>guaranteed debt.|The dataset contains information on<br>domestic debt structure for 17 LICs<br>up to 2003.|
|**Abbas and**<br>**Christensen (2010)**|93 LICs and<br>emerging markets<br>over 1970-2007.|Domestic debt is<br>defined as domestic<br>currency debt owed<br>to domestic citizens.|Central Government.|Domestic debt is defined as commercial bank’s gross claims<br>on the Central Government plus central bank liquidity paper.|The dataset excludes government<br>debt held by retail investors and<br>non-banking institutions.|
|**Abbas et al. (2010)**|174 countries in<br>1791-2009. For LICS<br>the data coverage<br>starts in 1970.|Different definitions.|General Government (or<br>Central Government if no<br>data on General Government<br>are available).|It provides data on total public debt (external plus domestic).<br>Public debt data are collected from different sources and<br>liabilities included in the definition might differ across<br>countries.|<br>Definitions of public debt differ<br>across countries. The paper does<br>not disaggregate public debt into<br>external and domestic.|
|**Panizza (2008)**|130 countries over<br>1990-2007.|Domestic debt is<br>defined as debt<br>issued under the<br>jurisdiction of a local<br>court.|Central Government (or<br>General Government if no<br>data on Central Government<br>are available).|It provides data on total public debt (external and domestic).<br>Public debt data are collected from different sources and<br>liabilities included in the definition might differ across<br>countries.|Public sector definition and<br>liabilities differ across countries.|
|**Presbitero (2012b)**|44 LICs over 1970-<br>2010 (data are<br>available for 41<br>LICs).|Different definitions.|Central Government (or<br>General Government if no<br>data on Central Government<br>are available).|It provides data on domestic public debt, collected from<br>different sources and liabilities included in the definition<br>might differ across countries.|This is an extension and an update<br>of the Panizza (2008) data set.|

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