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# 5/ Initial contribution to the DGS fund provided by Banco de Portugal.

6/ In the case of a shortfall of funds, the DGS can issue bonds/receive loans guaranteed by the government, or may access funding from the Central Bank or Ministry of Finance.

7/ Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan and Agricultural and Fishery Cooperative Savings Insurance Corporation.

8/ Separate deposit insurance schemes exist for banks and cooperative financial institutions.

9/ Einlagensicherung der Banken & Bankiers GmbH (Deposit Protection Company of the Austrian Commercial Banks Ltd), HYPO Haftungs GmbH, Sparkassen-Haftungs AG, Österr. RaiffeisenEinlagensicherung reg GenmbH, and Schulze-Delitzsch-Haftungsgenossenschaft regGenmbH. 10/ Deposit Protection Scheme and the Deposit Protection Scheme for Co-operative Societies. 11/ Entschädigungseinrichtung des Bundesverbandes Öffentlicher Banken Deutschlands GmbH (Compensatory fund of the Association of German Public Sector Banks), Entschädigungseinrichtung deutscher Banken GmbH (The German Private Commercial Banks Compensation Scheme for Depositors and Investors), Sicherungseinrichtung des Bundesverband der Deutschen Volksbanken und Raiffeisenbanken (Protection Scheme of National Association of German Cooperative Banks), Haftungsverbund der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe (Joint Liability Scheme of the Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe). 12/ Fondo Interbancario di Tutela dei Depositi (Interbank Deposit Protection Fund), Fondo di Garanzia dei Depositanti del Credito Cooperativo (Deposit Guarantee Fund of Cooperative Credit Banks). 13/ Bank Guarantee Fund and Polish Cooperative Savings and Credit Union Mutual Insurance Society.

14/ Fundo de Garantia de Depósitos (Deposit Guarantee Fund) and Fundo de Garantia do Crédito Agrícola Mútuo (Mutual Agricultural Credit Guarantee Fund). 15/ Fondo de Garantia de Depositos en Establecimientos Bancarios (Deposit Guarantee Fund For Banking Establishments), Fondo de Garantia de Depósitos en Cooperativas de Crédito (Deposit Guarantee Funds for Credit Cooperative Banks Establishment), Fondo de Garantia de Depositos en Cajas de Ahorro (Deposit Guarantee Funds for Savings Banks Establishment). 16/ Fundo Garantidor de Crédito (FGC) cover deposits at banks, as well private deposit insurance schemes for credit unions. 17/ Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation, Autorité des Marchés Financiers, and provincial-level funds primarily for credit unions. 18/ Fondo de Guarantias de Instituciones Financieras and Fondo de Garantias de Entidades Cooperatives, for banks and cooperatives, respectively. 19/ Jamaica Deposit Insurance Corporation and Jamaica Co-operative Credit Union League. 20/ Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, and previously the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation for commercial banks, credit unions, and savings and loans, respectively. 21/ We consider only cases of insured depositor losses where there was explicit deposit insurance. As defined, we identify only three cases. Argentina (1989): Losses were imposed on time deposits when time deposits at BONEX were converted into long-term bonds at an exchange rate below the prevailing on the market. Argentina (2001): Dollar deposits were converted into domestic currency at ARG$1.4, which was below the prevailing market rate. Iceland (2008): Losses imposed on depositors of foreign branches of the major Icelandic banks that failed (primarily in the Netherlands and UK), even though these deposits were explicitly covered under EU directives. 22/ In 2008, uninsured depositors of IndyMac, which entered receivership, are likely to face losses because the asset value of the receivership is insufficient to cover all uninsured deposits; so far they have received an advance dividend in the amount of 50% of their uninsured deposits from the FDIC. 23/ In 1994, depositors at Banco Latino with more than B 10m received long-term non-negotiable bonds with interest rate below market, for the amount exceeding the 10mln threshold. 24/ Total deposits without government deposits and interbank deposits. 25/ The difference to the maximum insured amount is always topped-up by the Federal Minister of Finance. Furthermore, the DIS can issued bonds with repayment guaranteed by the government. 26/ The DIS can borrow from the Reserve Bank of India. 27/ Banks are required to make up the shortfall but this is limited in any one year to the annual contribution. Any initial shortfall beyond this would be covered by the Government but would be recouped from the banks in subsequent years. 28/ The FDIC has a significant line of credit with the U.S. Treasury Department. In addition, in order to replenish the Deposit Insurance Fund, the FDIC can order special assessments on insured banks in addition to their regular assessments. 29/ The amalgamation of cooperative banks is considered to be a single institution. 30/ Deposit insurance coverage is calculated per depositor per institution and per ownership category. The ownership categories are: individual accounts, joint accounts, company/corporate accounts, trust accounts, nominee accounts. 31/ Deposit insurance coverage is based on ownership rights and capacities at any given insured depository institution. For example, a depositor may have a Single Account, which is covered up to the deposit insurance maximum and also a Joint Account, which also is covered up to the deposit insurance maximum per co-owner. 32/ Coverage of time deposits is per depositor and for demand deposits is per deposit account. 33/ Average total assets minus tangible equity (since April 1, 2011; prior to that, total domestic deposits). 34/ Total liabilities refers to the bank's total liabilities (i.e., deposits and other liabilities). Total deposits refers to the total deposits held by the bank. Eligible deposits refers to deposits repayable by the deposit insurance scheme, before the level of coverage is applied. Covered deposits refers to deposits that are covered, obtained from eligible deposits when applying the level of coverage provided for by the deposit insurance scheme. 35/ In addition to payout, the FSCS plays several roles in the special resolution regime, including informing decisions on the selection of tools, supporting the implementation of the bank insolvency procedure, and making contributions towards the cost of resolution.

Sources: European Commission, International Association for Deposit Insurers, Financial Stability Board (2010, 2012), FDIC, Laeven and Valencia (2012), IMF staff reports, and national deposit insurance agencies.