|**Tabl**|**e B6**|**: Control of Corruption**|
|---|---|---|
|**Code **|**Table**|**Concept Measured**|
|**Repre**|**senta**|**tive Sources**|
|**DRI**<br>|A14<br>|Risk Event Outcome non-price: Losses and Costs of Corruption: A 1-point increase on a scale from "0" to "10" in corruption<br>during any 12-month period.<br>|
|**EIU**|A9|Corruption|
|**GCS**|A28|Public trust in financial honesty of politicians|
|||Diversion of public funds due to corruption is common|
|||Frequent for firms to make extra payments connected to: import/export permits<br>Frequent for firms to make extra payments connected to: public utilities|
|||Frequent for firms to make extra payments connected to tax payments|
|||Frequent for firms to make extra payments connected to: awarding of public contracts|
|||Frequent for firms to make extra payments connected to: getting favorable judicial decisions|
|||Extent to which firms' illegal payments to influence government policies impose costs on other firms|
|**MIG**|A21|_Corruption._There is an immense variety of activities that may be construed as corrupt. Bribery is the most obvious.<br>However, what is and is not a bribe is a matter of presentation and perception in much the same way as “corruption” itself.<br>Some of the issues that executives should consider include: accounting standards; anti-corruption policy credibility and<br>enforceability; cronyism, nepotism and vested interests; cultural differences; judicial independence; transparency of<br>decision-making.|
|**PRS**|A23|_Corruption._Measures corruption within the political system, which distorts the economic and financial environment,<br>reduces the efficiency of government and business by enabling people to assume positions of power through patronage<br>rather than ability, and introduces an inherently instability in the political system.|
|**QLM**|A6|<br>Indirect Diversion of Funds|
|**WMO**|A15|_Corruption_: This index assesses the intrusiveness of the country’s bureaucracy. The amount of red tape likely to countered<br>is assessed, as is the likelihood of encountering corrupt officials and other groups.|
|**Non-r**|**epres**|**entative Sources**|
|**ADB**|A1|Transparency / corruption|
|**AFR**|A2|How many elected leaders (parliamentarians or local councilors) do you think are involved in corruption?<br>How many judges and magistrates do you think are involved in corruption?<br>How many government officials do you think are involved in corruption?<br>|
|||How many border/tax officials do you think are involved in corruption?|
|**ASD**|A3|Anti-corruption|
|**BPS**|A5|How common is for firms to have to pay irregular additional payments to get things done<br>On average, what percent of total annual sales do firms pay in unofficial payments to public officials|
|||How often do firms make extra payments to influence the content of new legislation<br>Extent to which firms' payments to public officials to affect legislation impose costs on other firms<br>|
|||How problematic is corruption for the growth of your business.|
|||Frequency of bribery in utility, permits, procurement, health, fire inspection, environent, taxes, customs and judiciary|
|**BRI**|A6|I_nternal Causes of Political Risk_: Mentality, including xenophobia, nationalism, corruption, nepotism, willingness to<br>|
|||compromise, etc.|
|**CCR**|A11|Transparency / corruption|
|**CPIA**|A8|Transparency / corruption|
|**FHT**|A11|<br>Corruption|
|**GAL**|A12|Frequency of corruption|
|||Frequency of household bribery|
|**LBO**|A20|Have you heard of acts of corruption?|
|||Percentage of corrupt public officials|
|**PRC**|A22|Corruption Index|
|**WCY**|A18|Bribing and corruption exist in the economy|

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