Table 7. Assessing Socioemotional and Mental Development Gaps (5-17 years old)

||_TSCYC_|_score (5_|_-10y.o.)_|_At-_|_risk TS_|_CYC_|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|
|Forced Migrant|0.11|-0.16|0.05|0.01|0.00|0.00|
||(0.38)|(0.37)|(0.44)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|
|R-squared|0.00|0.06||0.00|0.03||
|Observations|1576|1465|1465|3160|2914|2914|
|Mean Dep. Variable(Colombian sample)|49.18|49.18|49.18|0.02|0.02|0.02|
||_SDQ s_|_core (5-1_|_7 y.o.)_|_Abn_|_ormal -_|_SDQ_|
||(7)|(8)|(9)|(10)|(11)|(12)|
|Forced Migrant|-0.00|-0.17|-0.19|-0.01|-0.02|-0.02|
||(0.24)|(0.26)|(0.30)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.02)|
|R-squared|0.00|0.02||0.00|0.01||
|Observations|3160|2914|2914|3160|2914|2914|
|Mean Dep. Variable(Colombian sample)|11.80|11.80|11.80|0.22|0.22|0.22|
||_GAD_|_7 (11-17_|_y.o.)_|_PH_|_Q (11-1_|_7 y.o.)_|
||(13)|(14)|(15)|(16)|(17)|(18)|
|Forced Migrant|-0.46*|-0.25|-0.15|-0.45*|-0.33|-0.23|
||(0.25)|(0.26)|(0.26)|(0.24)|(0.25)|(0.31)|
|R-squared|0.00|0.04||0.00|0.03||
|Observations|1558|1425|1425|1558|1425|1425|
|Mean Dep. Variable(Colombian sample)|5.44|5.44|5.44|5.79|5.79|5.79|
|Control Variables||✓|✓||✓|✓|
|Propensity Score Matching|||✓|||✓|

_Notes:_ The table presents the estimates of equation (1) using a set of measures for socioemotional and mental health conditions. The Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Young Children (TSCYC) is a comprehensive 90-item questionnaire administered to caregivers of children aged 3 to 12 years. It is specifically crafted to assess both acute and chronic posttraumatic symptoms in this age group. In our study, the TSCYC is employed with children aged 5 to 10 years. Each query within the checklist offers four potential response options, with scoring determined accordingly. Scores between 65 and 70 are indicative of potential concerns, while scores surpassing 70 suggest clinically significant elevations. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a comprehensive 25-item behavioral screening tool administered to caregivers. It is tailored to evaluate emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behaviors among minors aged 2 to 17 years (in our sample, 5 to 17 years). Following the characteristics of the regional population, the SDQ has delineated cutoff points for interpreting scores as ”normal” (0-13), ”borderline” (14-16), and ”abnormal” (17-40). The General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) is a brief 7-item assessment tool utilized for screening generalized anxiety disorder. Scores on this scale, spanning from 0 to 4, signify minimal levels of anxiety, whereas scores ranging between 5 and 9 indicate mild anxiety. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a self-report instrument comprising nine items, administered to adolescents aged 11 to 17 years. Its primary purpose is to gauge the severity of depression symptoms and assess treatment response. Control variables include children’s sex and age, the maximum level of education completed by the most educated parent and grandparent, and the wealth index is the pre-migration wealth index for the Venezuelan sample and the current wealth index for the Colombian sample. Standard errors are clustered at the household level *** * p _<_ 0.01, ** p _<_ 0.05, * p _<_ 0.1.

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