|**Table A15: Global Insight's Business Conditions and Risk Indicators(202 devel**|2005<br>**oped**|2004<br>**and de**|2003<br>**velop**|2002<br>**ing c**|2000<br>199<br>**ountries)**|1996|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Voice and Accountabilit**|||||||
|**y**<br>_Institutional permanence_An assessment of how mature and well-established the political<br>system is. It is also an assessment of how far political opposition operates within the system<br>or attempts to undermine it from outside.<br>|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|_Representativeness_How well the population and organised interests can make their voices<br>heard in the political system. Provided representation is handled fairly and effectively, it will<br>ensure greater stability and better designed policies.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|**Political Stability**|||||||
|_Civil unrest_How widespread political unrest is, and how great a threat it poses to investors.<br>Demonstrations in themselves may not be cause for concern, but they will cause major<br>disruption if they escalate into severe violence. At the extreme, this factor would amount to<br>civil war.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|_Terrorism_Whether the country suffers from a sustained terrorist threat, and from how many<br>sources. The degree of localisation of the threat is assessed, and whether the active groups<br>are likely to target or affect businesses.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|**Government Effectiveness**|||||||
|_Bureaucracy_**:**An assessment of the quality of the country’s bureaucracy. The better the<br>bureaucracy the quicker decisions are made and the more easily foreign investors can go<br>about their business.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|_Policy consistency and forward planning_How confident businesses can be of the continuity<br>of economic policy stance - whether a change of government will entail major policy<br>disruption, and whether the current government has pursued a coherent strategy. This factor<br>also looks at the extent to which policy-making is far-sighted, or conversely aimed at short-<br>term economic advantage.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|**Regulatory Quality**|||||||
|_Tax Effectiveness_How efficient the country’s tax collection system is. The rules may be clear<br>and transparent, but whether they are enforced consistently. This factor looks at the relative<br>effectiveness too of corporate and personal, indirect and direct taxation.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|_Legislation_An assessment of whether the necessary business laws are in place, and<br>whether there any outstanding gaps. This includes the extent to which the country's<br>legislation is compatible with, and respected by, other countries' legal systems.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|**Rule of Law**|||||||
|_Judicial Independence_An assessment of how far the state and other outside actors can<br>influence and distort the legal system. This will determine the level of legal impartiality<br>investors can expect.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|_Crime_How much of a threat businesses face from crime such as kidnapping, extortion, street<br>violence, burglary and so on. These problems can cause major inconvenience for foreign<br>investors and require them to take expensive security precautions.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|**Control of Corruption**|||||||
|_Corruption_: An assessment of the intrusiveness of the country’s bureaucracy. The amount of<br>red tape likely to countered is assessed, as is the likelihood of encountering corrupt officials<br>and other groups.|X|X|X|X|..<br>..|..|
|Country coverage|202|202|202|186|..<br>..|..|

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