**_<u>Table 5: Exports of Value Chain Products, 2013 (US$, thousands)</u>_**

|<br>**HS code**|<br>**HS description **|<br>**Gh**|<br>**ana**|<br>**Ke**|**nya**|**Za**|**mbia**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**World**|**SSA**|**World**|**SSA**|**World**|**SSA**|
|**Maize**||||||||
|100510|Maize seed|12.18|12.18|2025.04|2024.73|30498.19|30497.90|
|100590|Maize (excl. seed)|295.66|294.56|669.90|358.02|59495.66|59491.74|
|110220|Maize (corn) flour|392.09|286.49|90.05|70.97|36.91|36.91|
|110313|Groats andmealof maize (corn)|16.92|0.78|2.97|2.97|257.29|257.29|
|110423|Other worked grains of maize (corn), nes|136.73||3.10|3.10|0.07|0.07|
|110812|Maize (corn) starch|2.04||107.57|107.56|0.68|0.68|
|151521|Crudemaize (corn) oil|0.93|0.93|||||
|151529|Maize (corn) oil (excl. crude) and fractions|77.93|77.93|238.09|238.09|||
|230210|Brans, sharps and other residues of maize|13.05|13.05|0.59|0.59|5039.32|5039.32|
|**Sorghum**||||||||
|100700|Grain sorghum|||966.56|966.56|||
|110290|Othercereal flour,nes|238.34|1.23|290.27|24.49|8.50||
|110319|Groats and meal of other cereals, nes|4.01||283.76|0.56|||
|110419|Rolled or flaked grains of other cereals, nes|6.59||1.11|1.11|||
|110429|Otherworked grains ofothercereals,nes|60.69||48.65|48.65|||
|110430|Cereal germ, whole, rolled, flaked or ground|0.10||0.04|0.04|||
|110819|Other starches, nes|0.10||6.31|6.31|0.03|0.03|
|230240|Brans, sharps and other residues ofothercereal|247.58|247.54|4.42|0.06|78.65|78.65|
|**Cassava**||||||||
|71410|Manioc, fresh or dried|1084.01|16.58|1.09||28.71|28.71|
|110620|Flourandmealofsago,roots ortubers of0714|1203.54|9.15|||0.88|0.88|
|110814|Manioc (cassava) starch|47.67|6.67|0.32|0.32|2.09|2.09|
|230250|Brans, sharps and other residues of leguminous|||0.03|0.03|||
|230890|Othervegetablematerials, waste,residues, etc.|0.72|0.72|0.53|0.53|0.79|0.79|
|**Multiple**||||||||
|110710|Malt not roasted|1.01|0.92|3649.44|3649.44|75.70|75.70|
|110720|Roastedmalt|||0.02||0.57|0.57|
|220210|Waters (incl. mineral and aerated), with added<br>sugarorothersweeteners|355.88|162.19|552.72|549.45|3393.56|3393.34|
|220290|Other nonalcoholic beverages, nes|2195.97|1813.62|6257.59|6257.59|1498.17|1498.17|
|220300|Beer made from malt|372.31|105.14|13936.23|13039.24|3.22|0.63|
|220710|Undenatured ethylalcohol, ofalcoholic strength|3281.68|3281.38|17119.32|17119.32|||
|220720|Ethyl alcohol and other denatured spirits|40.65|40.65|144.70|144.70|2.02|2.02|
|220890|Other spirituous beverages, nes|7775.21|7755.25|3207.93|3205.64|1.85|1.85|

_Source:_ Staff calculations using mirror data from UN Comtrade.

# **_Key Characteristics of Value Chains from Quantitative Surveys_**

Of the farmers who knew the immediate destination of their crops, most believed that their crop was sold within the country. This is true for randomly selected as well as purposively targeted contractual farmers. On the destination of the end product, most farmers in Kenya and Zambia were not aware of where the end product of their crop was sold by the buyer. Among those who were aware, they believed that the end product of their produce was sold within the country. This is true for the randomly selected as well as the targeted sample of contractual farmers. An exception to this is Kenya, where the purposively selected contractual farmers believed that the end product at least traveled to other countries within the region (figure 12).

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