||||consumption per capita<br>from NA;unitpass-through|
|---|---|---|---|
|Hamati (2018)|Lower national PL (LPL)<br>Upper national PL (UPL)|2009: 14.9%; 2015: 85.8-75.9%<br>2009: 29.4%; 2015: 93.1% - 87.5%|Dynamic microsimulation<br>model projections that<br>introduce price,<br>demographic, labor market,<br>and income shocks.|

# 2.2 Post-conflict estimates based on HNAP 2021 Demographic and WASH survey

The scale of Syria’s humanitarian crisis and the necessity to inform operations on the ground has prompted UN agencies to develop an articulated system of welfare monitoring: the _Humanitarian Needs Assessment Programme_ (HNAP). The HNAP is a joint UN program established in April 2018 with the objective of tracking displacement and return movements, conducting multi-sectoral assessments, and monitoring humanitarian needs inside the country.<sup>10</sup> In addition to collecting data at the community level through key informant interviews, the HNAP also implemented sample-based household surveys whose frame relies on community level population data.<sup>11</sup> The HNAP Demographic and WASH survey is a large-scale survey aimed at providing national and subnational-level estimates of demographic and basic socio-economic conditions of the population living inside Syria (resident, IDPs and returnees). The survey is primarily used to inform the programming of assistance of various UN agencies and humanitarian actors. The questionnaires of this survey have evolved over time.<sup>12</sup> In 2021, in order to assess the monetary deprivation of Syrian households, a module on household income and household expenditures was included in the survey. Based on this information, _the HNAP Socio-Economic situation report of the summer 2021 estimated that 98 percent of the Syrian population was living in extreme poverty_ (Figure 2). The poverty measure is obtained by taking the sum of all individual and household incomes obtained from employment only, converting it in per capita terms using household size, and then assessing whether this welfare indicator is below $1.90, a value converted in local currency using the exchange rate at the time of the survey.

> 10 The HNAP network presently consists of more than 30,000 community focal points and 475 full time staff on the ground in Syria. HNAP is implemented through local Syrian NGOs, with technical support from UN agencies. Information is collected across all regions inside Syria through face-to-face consultations and direct field observations. See Annex 2 for details.

> 11 Stratified random sampling is used to draw a 95% confidence / 10% margin of error sample at the subdistrict level and the number of household interviews per community (p-coded location) within a subdistrict was obtained by randomly sampling locations proportionate to population size, with replacement.

> 12 The main survey modules include questions on demographic characteristics of current household members and of members who have left the household, individual level basic information on labor market engagement (adult population) and school attendance (children below age 18); household level information on shelter, WASH, access to assistance, sources of income, copying strategies and priority needs.