Tabl I COUy dlom Shoh, a_uOez, sd disturlbu nl indcaton

|CgMgry<br>A4.u ImSd p|Yea Of cri.<br>ian<br>acMain|Particuhr|djustment policies|Povety indicator tes<br>duing afjudamers|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|CA dlvi<br>IPI<br>(391046)|1043<br>*<br>Unsustainable public invetnt<br>pm<br>fowig<br>abo ivd<br>cofee_ond_cocoa boom (1975-77)<br>Drught (1983)|*<br>Beo<br>to CFA<br>c zoe<br>(convattbble curey<br>sn<br>accesseto French t_ary<br>for<br>Iecal fwund)<br>**0**<br>Cannot dcar<br>mm mited<br>fieedom in monetary policy|**04**<br>Adjustmentprogram in 19SI<br>**0**<br>Fiscal cuts: wags, subsidics; cait<br>expendituxs<br>*<br>Funher adjusmas progrm in 19445<br>(witb effects of devaluaion mimicked by<br>cpe<br>wubdi plus tari)|0<br>Strong i<br>qualy<br>(M of_0.52)._egctd<br>lbor makrc,<br>am region inequality<br>**S**<br>Urban workers on<br>; agicui tamrs<br>dabaized<br>0<br>Rual wbsn inome ga narowcd|
|Morocco<br>IPI<br>(1910-87)|19803<br>*<br>**0**<br>Decline in le<br>oftadc<br>(phoshaO<br>*<br>Uartalnbl<br>public expendiu|(lod rinfall during<br>adjusuncu (1989546)<br>**0**<br>Incr<br>iansttscca<br>from abroad|Failed aucpa in 1978 ad_1981_<br>*<br>Adjumeat program in 1983<br>**S**<br>Monetry an fical expediturermaraint<br>**0**<br>Tax reform(introduction of VAT)<br>*<br>Tradellrlization (QR and tarir<br>reducion)<br>*<br>Fancial sector liberalization<br>*<br>Devaluation|**0**<br>Socil pcnding cut<br>**_0_**<br>Decema in urbtanual ncome ga<br> <br>**0**<br>Poveny down in ral aes, up in urban ama|
|ChIle<br>PC}<br>(1979-88)|1911#2<br>*<br>hicy-induced ea<br>_sxcbage_<br>rate<br>arciation contributing to debt<br>cri<br>*<br>Deline in term of trade (copper)|**0**<br>Noficaldeficit<br>**0**<br>Distrtion-free conomy<br>**0**<br>Copper pace incrasce in<br>1937|**0**<br>Devalurtioa(19S2)<br>*<br>Talporary increauc in proeceion (now<br>15% tariff<br>*<br>Copper stabilization fund|*<br>Povety andubsn phenometo<br>*<br>Worncng income distribution<br>*<br>Succeful rcgetins whilc socialqcndiswa faling<br>*<br>Reduction in iant moality to one of lowcst vela in Latin<br>Amcrica|
|Maay su<br>(XI<br>197347)|IM43<br>*<br>OECD recesaion<br>*<br>Expansionary fiscal poficy (public<br>ihnacra)<br>*<br>Deverionatigtensof trade<br>(rubber, tin, oil)|*<br>No recour to MP.<br>**0**<br>Rediibutko-with-growth<br>strategy dudrg1970<br>*<br>Usd acces to foreign<br>borrowing till 1984<br>**0**<br>Prient<br>rge fiscl deficit|*<br>Expenditure witching runing in 1984<br>**0**<br>Cut in fical expecnditues|*<br>Ditrbutiol<br>sift toward Malaya, which stared under New<br>Economic Phan of 1975<br>**0**<br>Urb-a povety up slightly,_ral_povey down<br>*<br>Duing adjustnt peiod (19<br>S17),<br>ycedytcreass<br>in<br>expenditurca in educaion (5.7%) and het<br>(3.7%)|
|Ecudor<br>IF!<br>(197547)|191142<br>**0**<br>Dcli<br>in terms of trade (oil)<br>0<br>Debt cri<br>*<br>Furher cridsin 1986with oil<br>Prke fall<br>*<br>Ecfcake in 1917|*<br>Impodt-ubstitution led<br>gowth in 1970s|*<br>Adjustment staningio19S4: cbical<br>nco-liberal program<br>**0**<br>Large devuation,mnovalof price<br>contl,<br>tade libernlization|*<br>IAome ditrbuion worned in agdrcultuebutiopwovd in<br>u0bn sector (shup fall in income of urban ric)<br>*<br>During 1980-47. incom per capta fell by 30% for urban<br>and ural poor. by 38% for urWn educatedclan|
|1ndones<br>IFPI<br>*<br>(1979-81)|a<br>19124-3<br>Decie in terms of trade (oil)<br>*<br>OECD recesion|*<br>No rcoure to IMF<br>**0**<br>Banced budget<br>cottio<br>y requied<br>**0**<br>_Co* nwied_access to<br>externd fonds|**0**<br>Denvaution, with move to fill<br>convetlibiity<br>**0**<br>Inet<br>rate liberalization<br>*<br>Trade reform(OoweFing<br>of tadffs,<br>removl of most QRs)<br>*<br>Tax rtform (ntroduin<br>of VAT and<br>Income tax)<br>*<br>Fiscal restrint (cut in capital<br>expenditures)|**0**<br>Poverty fell from 337% in 1984 to 20% in 1917<br>*<br>Poveny fel in both urban and rual<br>; wiain maor<br>empymp grous, inome distribution becam more equal<br>*<br>Cut in socidal nvmenls (schools, clinirs) ng in 1986|

maauF:etingnl follaGP g couny nameo snr er to aesqofb eifleotnin used in the conyron reponRed iD tuble 2: iXI Counr wt a re F ruf n expora m totl expots u 20X r a ae of aufctuning in GDP 2 1311; fF1 Counitrica withb shdare of furel exports in total exports 2 50X; IPI Residual grouping.