**<u>Table 4: Household level yield function</u>**

||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Number of parcels|0.085***<br>(15.448)|0.070***<br>(13.617)|0.071***<br>(13.757)||||
|Simpson land fragmentation index||||0.826***|0.595***|0.611***|
|||||(13.784)|(9.963)|(10.216)|
|Shannon crop diversity measure||0.550***|0.533***||<br>0.542***|<br>0.522***|
|||(18.292)|(17.553)||(17.553)|(16.710)|
|Total cost distance in hours|0.031|<br>0.008|<br>0.008|0.102***|<br>0.084***|<br>0.084***|
||(1.089)|(0.291)|(0.282)|(3.513)|(2.911)|(2.907)|
|Total cost distance squared|-0.005|-0.002|-0.001|-0.012**|-0.009|-0.009|
||(0.965)|(0.273)|(0.243)|(1.991)|(1.513)|(1.484)|
|Hh has parcel outside the cell|-0.020|-0.020|-0.021|0.004|0.009|0.009|
||(0.819)|(0.836)|(0.841)|(0.161)|(0.398)|(0.374)|
|Total cropped area (hectares log)|-0522***|-0557***|-0559***|-0486***|-0527***|-0528***|
|,|.<br>(45.448)|.<br>(48.483)|.<br>(49.169)|.<br>(43.958)|.<br>(47.115)|.<br>(47.735)|
|Share of rented in land|-0.013|0.048|0.063|-0.066|0.009|0.030|
||(0.278)|(1.046)|(1.362)|(1.384)|(0.188)|(0.630)|
|Number of years parcel possessed|<br>0.004***|<br>0.003**|<br>0.003***|<br>0.005***|<br>0.004***|<br>0.004***|
||(3.201)|(2.561)|(2.578)|(3.485)|(2.633)|(2.594)|
|Parcel located in wet land|<br>0.148**|<br>0.156**|<br>0.157**|<br>0.137**|<br>0.152**|<br>0.154**|
||(2.215)|(2.458)|(2.474)|(2.003)|(2.340)|(2.369)|
|Irrigated land|0.042|0.083|0.089|0.028|0.072|0.079|
||(0.665)|(1.420)|(1.521)|(0.458)|(1.241)|(1.364)|
|Good soil quality|<br>0.160***|<br>0.158***|<br>0.157***|<br>0.184***|<br>0.177***|<br>0.175***|
||(4.974)|(5.134)|(5.115)|(5.680)|(5.701)|(5.655)|
|Medium soil quality|<br>0.069*|<br>0.066*|<br>0.066*|<br>0.070*|<br>0.068*|<br>0.068*|
||(1.723)|(1.747)|(1.744)|(1.746)|(1.793)|(1.792)|
|Used knowledge from extension|<br>0.178***|<br>0.184***|<br>0.192***|<br>0.169***|<br>0.176***|<br>0.183***|
||(3.849)|(4.054)|(4.262)|(3.626)|(3.851)|(4.042)|
|Experienced crop shock|-0.209***|-0.254***|-0.249***|-0.207***|-0.256***|-0.251***|
||(6.529)|(8.262)|(8.140)|(6.441)|(8.291)|(8.131)|
|Age of household head|<br>0.009|<br>0.005|<br>0.005|<br>0.009*|<br>0.006|<br>0.006|
||(1.576)|(0.982)|(0.962)|(1.707)|(1.139)|(1.123)|
|Age of household head squared|-0.000*|-0.000|-0.000|-0.000*|-0.000|-0.000|
||(1.860)|(1.397)|(1.363)|(1.960)|(1.514)|(1.481)|
|Female headed household|-0.188***|-0.182***|-0.177***|-0.188***|-0.184***|-0.177***|
||(6.167)|(6.261)|(6.055)|(6.211)|(6.343)|(6.093)|
|Head completed primary school|<br>0.094***|<br>0.074***|<br>0.078***|<br>0.093***|<br>0.077***|<br>0.080***|
||(3.583)|(2.894)|(3.047)|(3.544)|(2.988)|(3.110)|
|Head completed secondary education|<br>0.162***|<br>0.124***|<br>0.127***|<br>0.182***|<br>0.146***|<br>0.146***|
||(3.334)|(2.582)|(2.635)|(3.730)|(3.029)|(3.049)|
|Members aged 14 and less|0.027***|0.023***|0.023***|0.031***|0.027***|0.026***|
||(3.161)|(2.805)|(2.742)|(3.616)|(3.239)|(3.180)|
|Adult members aged 15 to 35|0.021**|0.023**|0.023**|0.027**|0.028***|0.028***|
||(2.012)|(2.202)|(2.205)|(2.539)|(2.733)|(2.750)|
|Adult members aged 35 to 60|<br>0.016|<br>0.011|<br>0.014|<br>0.026|<br>0.020|<br>0.023|
||(0.695)|(0.506)|(0.647)|(1.138)|(0.911)|(1.040)|
|Members aed 60 and above|0036|0042|0044|0027|0037|0038|
|g|.<br>(0.975)|.<br>(1.152)|.<br>(1.183)|.<br>(0.743)|.<br>(1.025)|.<br>(1.053)|
|Share of land with grains|||<br>0.062<br>(0268)|||<br>0.021<br>(0092)|
|Share of land with tubers|||.<br>0.252|||.<br>0.194|
||||(1.086)|||(0.860)|
|Share of land with tree crops|||0229|||0233|
||||.<br>(0.976)|||.<br>(1.027)|
|Constant|4.104***|3.652***|<br>3.508***|4.019***|3.614***|<br>3.503***|
||(30.465)|(27.169)|(13.547)|(29.933)|(27.092)|(13.727)|
|Number of observations|6,626|6,626|6,626|6,626|6,626|6,626|
|R<sup>2</sup>|<br>0.342|<br>0.384|<br>0.387|<br>0.336|<br>0.376|<br>0.378|

_Note:_ Absolute value of t-statics in parenthesis: *** significant at 1%; ** significant at 5%;* significant at 10%. Time varying village specific fixed effects are included, but not reported.

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