Table 3: Logit/Multinomial logit regressions: Labor market status

||(1)<br>Bangladesh|(2)|(3)<br>Ne|(4)<br>pal|(5)|(6)|(7)<br>Paki|(8)<br>stan|(9)|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||Logit|Logit||Mlogit||Logit||Mlogit||
|Dependent var.|Emp.|Emp.|Out of<br>Mkt.|Un-<br>emp.|Emp.|Emp.|Out of<br>Mkt.|Un-<br>emp.|Emp.|
|Return migrant, _<_1 year|-0.25***<br>(0.01)|-0.33***<br>(0.03)|0.23***<br>(0.02)|0.07***<br>(0.01)|-0.30***<br>(0.03)|-0.13***<br>(0.01)|0.11***<br>(0.01)|0.06***<br>(0.00)|-0.17***<br>(0.01)|
|Return migrant, 1-2 year|-0.05***|-0.16***|0.11***|0.04***|-0.14***|-0.07***|0.05***|0.04***|-0.09***|
||(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.01)|
|Return migrant, 3+ years|-0.09***|-0.03|0.02|0.01|-0.03|-0.04***|0.04***|0.02***|-0.06***|
||(0.01)|(0.03)|(0.03)|(0.01)|(0.03)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.01)|
|_Age category (age 20-29 as the _|_reference grou_|_p)_||||||||
|Age: 30-39|0.01|0.09***|-0.06***|-0.02***|0.08***|0.02***|-0.03***|-0.01***|0.04***|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Age: 40-49|-0.02**|0.04***|0.01|-0.04***|0.04***|-0.00|0.01***|-0.01***|-0.00|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Age: 50-59|-0.07***|-0.10***|0.14***|-0.07***|-0.08***|-0.05***|0.07***|-0.01***|-0.07***|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|_Education level (illiterate as th_|_e reference gr_|_oup)_||||||||
|Education: Primary|0.04***|0.05***|-0.04***|-0.01|0.05***|0.02***|-0.03***|0.01**|0.02***|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Education: Lower secondary|0.02***|0.09***|-0.08***|-0.00|0.08***|0.00|-0.02***|0.01***|0.00|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Education: Higher secondary|-0.05***|0.08***|-0.07***|0.00|0.07***|-0.05***|0.05***|0.02***|-0.07***|
||(0.00)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Education: Tertiary|-0.03***|0.26***|-0.24***|0.00|0.24***|-0.05***|0.03***|0.04***|-0.07***|
||(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.02)|(0.01)|(0.02)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Rural|-0.01|-0.10***|0.08***|0.00|-0.09***|0.01***|-0.01***|-0.00**|0.01***|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Married|0.08***|0.20***|-0.18***|-0.01**|0.19***|0.07***|-0.09***|-0.02***|0.11***|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Headofhousehold|0.13***|0.06***|-0.04***|-0.01**|0.05***|0.04***|-0.04***|-0.01***|0.06***|
||(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.01)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|(0.00)|
|Household size|-0.001|0.002|-0.001|-0.001|0.002|-0.001***|0.001***|0.000|-0.001***|
||(0.001)|(0.003)|(0.002)|(0.001)|(0.002)|(0.000)|(0.000)|(0.000)|(0.000)|
|Number of dependents|0.004*|-0.005|0.002|0.002|-0.005|0.002***|-0.003***|-0.000|0.003***|
||(0.002)|(0.004)|(0.004)|(0.002)|(0.004)|(0.000)|(0.001)|(0.000)|(0.001)|
|Observations|48189|15846|15846|15846|15846|109367|109367|109367|109367|

_Note:_ Robust standard errors in parentheses. Sample is restricted to males aged 20-59. Marginal effects of Logit/Mlogit model are reported. To combine the HIES and the RMS sample in Column 1, sample weights are applied. Data source: Bangladesh HIES 2016 for nonmigrants and RMS 2018-19 for return migrants; Nepal LFS 2017-18; Pakistan LFS 2014-15 and 2017-18. * p _>_ 0.1, ** p _>_ 0.05, *** p _>_ 0.01.