**Table 3: Studies with estimated impact of transfer on alcohol or tobacco expenditures**

|**Country**|**Program name**|**Temptation good**|**Impact**|**Detail on impact**|**Methodology**|**CCT/UCT**|**Reference**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**_Report tota_**|**_l expenditures (presented i_**|**_n 2012 PPP)_**||||||
|Brazil|Bolsa Alimentaria & Bolsa<br>Escola|<br>Alcohol, tobacco, and<br>gambling|<br>-1.961 (1.86)||Difference in differences|CCT|Braido, Olinto, & Perrone 2012|
|Colombia|Familias en Acción|Alcohol and tobacco|2.822 (4.64)<br>-1.536 (3.31)|Urban<br>Rural|Difference in differences|CCT|Attanasio & Mesnard 2005|
|India|Unconditional Cash<br>Transfer Pilot|Alcohol<br>Tobacco|-0.001<br>-0.001ǂ||Before-after|UCT|Bhowmik, Gartenberg, &<br>Sarker 2009|
|India|Unconditional Cash<br>Transfer Pilot|Alcohol|0.080 (0.53)<br>-0.455 (0.53)|Impact of transfer<br>Impact of transfer &<br>bank account|Difference in differences|UCT|Gangopadhyay, Lensink, &<br>Yadav 2013|
|Indonesia|Unconditional cash<br>transfer|Alcohol and tobacco|-0.0001*** (0.00)<br>0.0001* (0.00)<br>0.0000 (0.00)|First disbursement<br>Second disbursement<br>Average across both|Difference in differences|UCT|Bazzi, Sumarto, & Suryahadi<br>2012|
|Kenya|The GiveDirectly<br>Unconditional Cash<br>Transfer Program|Alcohol<br>Tobacco|-0.017 (0.02)<br>-0.003 (0.00)||RCT|UCT|Haushofer & Shapiro 2013|
|Kenya|The Kenya Cash Transfer<br>Program for Orphans and<br>Vulnerable Children|Alcohol<br>Tobacco|-0.024ǂ<br>0.000||Difference in differences|Conditionalities<br>in 3/7 districts|Kenya CT-OVC Evaluation<br>Team 2012<br>|
|Mexico|Programa de Apoyo<br>Alimentario|Alcohol<br>Tobacco|0.336 (0.40)<br>-0.218 (0.14)||RCT|UCT|Cunha 2012|
|Mexico|PROGRESA|Tobacco|-0.029 (0.26)<br>-0.001 (0.00)|Benefit (dummy)<br>Benefit (level)|RCT|CCT|Schluter & Wahba 2004|
|Nicaragua|Red de Protección Social|Alcohol and tobacco|-0.010* (0.01)<br>-0.001 (0.01)|First year<br>Second year|Difference in differences|CCT|Gitter 2006|
|Nicaragua|Red de Protección Social|Alcohol and tobacco|4.251||RCT|CCT|Maluccio & Flores 2005|
|Peru|Juntos|Alcohol|-0.113** (0.05)||Propensity score matching|CCT|Perova 2011|
||||0.210* (0.12)||Instrumental variables|||
|Peru|Juntos|Alcohol: beer,<br>whisky, rum, pisco|-0.002 (0.00)<br>0.005 (0.00)|2009 estimate<br>2010 estimate|Compare recently paid to<br>less recently paid|CCT|Dasso & Fernandez 2013|
|Tanzania|TASAF CCT Pilot Program|Cigarettes, tobacco<br>& snuff|-3.322 (3.16)<br>-3.098 (4.24)<br>-2.386 (3.16)<br>-2.312 (4.31)|ETT midline<br>ITT midline<br>ETT endline<br>ITT endline|RCT|CCT|Evans, Hausladen, Kosec, &<br>Reese 2014|

Notes: * denotes statistical significance at the 10% level, ** denotes statistical significance at the 5% level, *** denotes statistical significance at the 1 % level, ǂ denotes that statistical significance is reported but not a standard error, and ~ denotes that statistical significance is not reported. CCT is Conditional cash transfer; UCT is unconditional cash transfer. ETT is estimate of treatment on the treated. ITT is the intent-to-treat estimator. RCT is randomized control trial. TASAF is the Tanzania Social Action Fund. The reported impacts on total expenditures (and corresponding standard errors) presented in 2012 PPP are calculated by inflating the impact in local currency in the various base years (the year the data were collected, or as close to that as could be inferred) to their 2012 values using the inflation GDP deflator (annual %), before dividing by the 2012 PPP conversion factors for private consumption (LCU per international $). Both indicators used in the PPP conversion come from the World Development Indicators database available at http://data.worldbank.org/data- <u>catalog/world-development-indicators</u> 23