the 1970s and 1980s.<sup>9</sup> Table 1 below contains the list of countries and their borrowing status over the 1961-2015 period.

Table 1: List of countries and their graduation status

|(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Countries that do n**|**ot change status**|**Countri**|<br>**es that change sta**|<br>**tus**|
||||Graduated IDA|Moved from|
|Always IDA|Always IBRD|Graduated IDA|twice|IBRD to IDA|
|Afghanistan; Bangladesh;|Algeria; Antigua and|Albania; Angola;|Egypt, Arab Rep.;|Burkina Faso;|
|Benin; Bhutan; Bolivia;|Barbuda; Argentina;|Armenia; Azerbaijan;|Indonesia;|Burundi; Congo,|
|Cabo Verde; Cambodia;|Bahamas, The;|Bosnia and|Philippines|Dem. Rep.; Côte|
|Central African Republic;|Barbados; Belarus;|Herzegovina; Botswana;||d'Ivoire; Ethiopia;|
|Chad; Comoros;|Belize; Brazil; Bulgaria;|Cameroon; China;||Ghana; Guinea;|
|Djibouti; Dominica;|Chile; Colombia; Costa|Congo, Rep.;||Guyana; Haiti;|
|Eritrea; Gambia, The;|Rica; Croatia; Cyprus;|Dominican Republic;||Kenya; Liberia;|
|Grenada; Guinea-Bissau;|Czech Republic;|Ecuador; El Salvador;||Mali; Marshall|
|Kiribati; Kosovo; Kyrgyz|Estonia; Fiji; Gabon;|Equatorial Guinea;||Islands;|
|Republic; Lao People's|Guatemala; Hungary;|Georgia; Honduras;||Mauritania;|
|Democratic Republic;|Iran, Islamic Rep.; Iraq;|India; Jordan; Korea,||Micronesia, Fed.|
|Lesotho; Madagascar;|Jamaica; Kazakhstan;|Rep.; Macedonia, FYR;||Sts.; Moldova;|
|Malawi; Maldives;|Latvia; Lebanon;|Mauritius; Montenegro;||Myanmar;|
|Mongolia; Mozambique;|Lithuania; Malaysia;|Morocco; Nicaragua;||Nigeria; Senegal;|
|Nepal; Niger; Pakistan;|Mexico; Namibia;|Papua New Guinea;||Sierra Leone; Sri|
|Rwanda; Samoa;|Oman; Panama; Peru;|Paraguay; Serbia; St.||Lanka; Uganda;|
|Solomon Islands;|Poland; Portugal;|Kitts and Nevis;||Uzbekistan;|
|Somalia; South Sudan; St.|Romania; Russian|Eswatini; Syrian Arab||Zambia|
|Lucia; St. Vincent and the|Federation; Seychelles;|Republic; Thailand;|||
|Grenadines; Sudan; São|Slovak Republic;|Tunisia; Turkey;|||
|Tomé and Principe;|Slovenia; South Africa;|Zimbabwe|||
|Tajikistan; Tanzania;|Trinidad and Tobago;||||
|Timor-Leste; Togo;|Turkmenistan; Ukraine;||||
|Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu;|Uruguay; Venezuela, RB||||
|Vietnam; Yemen, Rep.|||||
|**Total = 47**|**Total = 46**|**Total = 33**|**Total = 3**|**Total = 24**|

Source: Credit Risk Office, World Bank

> 9 The movement from IBRD to IDA or Blend status took place in the following years: Burkina Faso (1969), Burundi (1966), Congo Dem Rep. (1969), Côte d’Ivoire (1992), Ethiopia (1963), Ghana (1968), Guinea (1975), Haiti (1963), Kenya (1965), Liberia (1972), Mali (1967), Marshall Islands (2012), Mauritania (1965), Micronesia Fed. Sts. (2012), Moldova (1997), Myanmar (1973), Nigeria (1989), Senegal (1967), Sierra Leone (1970), Sri Lanka (1968), Uganda (1967), Uzbekistan (2002), Zambia (1978). In practice, most of these countries went from IBRD to Blend status and eventually moved to IDA. For Moldova, Nigeria and Uzbekistan, which moved from IBRD to IDA in the period after 1987 (when IDA graduation criteria were established), the movement followed a period of marked decline in per capita GDP. For other countries this pattern is less clear.

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