Table 13: The determinants of Flood fatalities and Institutions - ZINB

||13.1|13.2|13.3|13.4|13.5|13.6|13.7|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Ln(_AIDj,t-1_)<br>Ln(_AIDj,t-1_)<br>Ln(_GDPj,t-1_)<br>_CORR CONTjt_|-0.344***<br>(0.119)<br>-0.273<br>(0.166)<br>-0.807***<br>(0.219)|-0.321***<br>(0.110)<br>-0.192<br>(0.179)<br>-0.846***<br>(0.213)|-0.292**<br>(0.121)<br>-0.499***<br>(0.164)|-0.187*<br>(0.102)<br>-0.296*<br>(0.154)|-0.298**<br>(0.117)<br>-0.262<br>(0.166)|-0.260**<br>(0.115)<br>-0.381**<br>(0.164)|-0.216*<br>(0.130)<br>-0.452***<br>(0.159)|
|_GOV EFFjt_|||-0.318*<br>(0.174)|||||
|_POL STABjt_||||-0.696***<br>(0.221)||||
|_REG QALjt_|||||-0.631***<br>(0.194)|||
|_RULE LAWjt_||||||-0.376**<br>(0.191)||
|_VOICE ACCjt_|||||||-0.021<br>(0.0204)|
|_GINIjt_|-0.024|-0.025|-0.036**|-0.031*|-0.027*|-0.028|<br>-0.031*|
||(0.016)|(0.017)|(0.017)|(0.017)|(0.016)|(0.017)|(0.017)|
|Ln(_POP jt)_|0.164|0.264*|0.150|0.288*|0.191|0.172|0.207|
||(0.149)|(0.150)|(0.150)|(0.142)|(0.147)|(0.142)|(0.138)|
|_DISASTERSjt _|0.314***|0.314***|0.403***|0.339***|0.343***|0.358***|0.372***|
|_NATHAZ – RISKj _|(0.109)<br>0.239|(0.114)<br>0.321**|(0.124)<br>0.372**|(0.111)<br>0.340**|(0.114)<br>0.344**|(0.124)<br>0.451**|(0.128)<br>0.391**|
||(0.166)|(0.157)|(0.169)|(0.168)|(0.171)|(0.183)|(0.177)|
|**1**<sup>**st**</sup>**stage Probit**||||||||
|<br>Ln(_AIDj,t-1_)|-0.306*|-0.306*|-0.371**|-0.327*|-0.332*|-0.370**|-0.417**|
||(0.171)|(0.175)|(0.182)|(0.170)|(0.173)|(0.171)|(0.200)|
|Ln(_GDPj,t-1_)|<br>-0.402*|<br>-0.398*|<br>-0.457**|<br>-0.454**|<br>-0.436**|<br>-0.470**|<br>-0.488**|
|<br>Ln(_POP t)_|(0.223)<br>-0.513***|(0.227)<br>-0.515***|(0.222)<br>-0.590***|(0.219)<br>-0.546***|(0.217)<br>-0.554***|(0.212)<br>-0.591***|(0.218)<br>-0.613***|
|_j_<br>_DISASTERSjt _|(0.194)<br>-8.038***|(0.196)<br>-8.006***|(0.186)<br>-8.330***|(0.180)<br>-8.153***|(0.188)<br>-8.182***|(0.178)<br>-8.305***|(0.199)<br>-8.472***|
||(0.660)|(0.703)|(0.739)|(0.684)|(0.700)|(0.700)|(0.837)|
|_NATHAZ – RISKj _|-0.175|-0.151|-0.149|-0.167|-0.161|-0.148|-0.124|
||(0.156)|(0.158)|(0.169)|(0.164)|(0.161)|(0.166)|(0.185)|
|Obs.|<br>2174|<br>2174|<br>2174|<br>2174|<br>2174|<br>2174|<br>2106|
|Nonzero Obs.|605|605|605|605|605|605|601|
|Log pseudolikelihood<br> <sup>2</sup>|-3595.895<br>|-3596.888<br>|-3609.905<br>|-3601.927<br>|-3602.016<br>|-3609.569<br>|-3588.584<br>|
|Prob>χ|0.000|0.000|0.000|0.000|0.000|0.000|0.000|
|VuongTest (z-value)<sup>a</sup>|16.34***|16.27***|16.68***|16.43***|16.38***|16.37***|16.57***|

_Notes:_ ZINB-estimates. Dependent variable is _DEATHijt_ . Standard errors (in parentheses) are adjusted for clustering on country-level. The 1<sup>st</sup> stage probit regression estimates the probability that nobody in nation and year died from the specific natural disaster. The 2<sup>nd</sup> stage negative-binomial estimates the number of disaster deaths. Continent dummies, time trend and constant term included in all 2<sup>nd</sup> stage negative-binomial specifications. ***, **, * indicate significance at the 1, 5 and 10%-level, respectively.<sup>a</sup> The test compares the ZINB with a negative binomial model and selects the one that is closest to the true conditional distribution (Vuong 1989).

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