7 exports to the EC than to other OECD parrners, although the latter's share in CEE-5 exports increased in the 1980s.' Lhe third cause of concern for the CEE-5 was that the region's comparative advantage rtnmained in food and natural resource-intensive products, as revealed iu its exports to OECD markets (see Table 3). Further, its position as a marginal supplier of resource-intensive products became increasingly apparent throughout the 1980s, reflecting the rapidly expanding technological gap between East and West. The region's competitive position iriproved in mineral fuels only. In other markets, the _CEE-5_ lost shares to more cowpetiuve suppliers. Although the average rate of growth of shares of the CEE-5 in OECD imports of ores and nonferrous metals and raw materials fell in the 1981-89 period, the contraction was smaller than in total imports, revealing these countries' continued specialization in low value-added, resource-intemsive production. The key points evident from the data in Table 2 are that while CEE-S exports to the OECD grewv acoss most commodity groups, their shares of OECD markets tended to decline, and that this fal in market snare was greatest in manufactures (in 1V89, manufactures' share was 62.6 percent of its peak level in 1980). Hungary's distinctive decline in manufactures' exports to the OECD was part of a gene !' shift away from manufactures in both OECD market shares and export revenue composition.

Other interesting points to en. . from Table 2 are the growing importance of agricultural products in the export revenues of the FCSK and Poland, of raw materials in the export revenues of Bulgaria, and of ores and nonferrous metals for Romsana. Also notable is the fact that Pola-d's and Bulgaria's shares of OECD markets for ores and nonferrous ietals displayed a negative trend throughou **t** he 1980s.

Tabte 2: Growth Rates of **(A)** CEE-5 Exports to the ECD, by comodity **rop** **_Wd (B)_ Chanes** in **Share of** CEE-5 **Exports** in OECO Imports, by commodity grops **(1981-1989, percent)**

||CE<br>(A)|E-5<br> <br>t8)|Bulc<br> <br>(A)|aria<br> <br>(9)|Czecho<br> <br>(A)|slovak<br> <br>CB)|ia Hu<br> <br>(A)|ngary<br> <br>CB)|Pol<br> <br>(A)|and<br> <br>(B)|Rom<br>(A)|ania<br>(C)|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Foodsand Feeds<br>"ineral<br>Fuels<br>Orea&Nonferrous<br>Metals<br>Raw Materials<br>Manufactures|2.1<br>-3.9<br>0.4<br>6.2<br>1.4|-0.5<br>4,8<br>-0.5<br>-1.5<br>-5.0|2.6<br> -4.1<br> <br>1.3<br>10.3<br> <br>1.0|-2.<br>1.3<br>-4.<br>4.2<br>-8.|2 4.8<br> <br>-5.1<br>9 3.5<br>-1.4<br>3 0.8|3.8<br>3.5<br>2.9<br>-2.0<br>-5.0|-0.2<br>3.4<br>2.8<br>1.8<br>-0.1|<br>1.2<br>8.9<br> <br>4.9<br> <br>3.6<br>-3.3|<br>4.5<br>-3.5<br>-1.7<br>-2.9<br> <br>2.4|2.7<br>5.7<br>-3.4<br>-5.3<br>-4.8|<br>-5.8<br>-1.5<br> <br>17.4<br> <br>-5.8<br> <br>2.5|-8.6<br>8.0<br>15.6<br>-11.2<br>-5.8|

Source: See Table 1.

**s** ]EC-10's share fell from around 70 percent in the 1980-83 period to an average of 68 percent in the 198489 period. The share of EC-10 increased slightly for only two countries between the two periods: Czechoslovakia (from 67.2 percen **t** o 68.4 perceut) and Poland (from 68.5 percen **t** o 70.3 percet). These increases were too small to offset the reorientation of Hungary's exports (from 68.3 percent to 63 percent) and Romia's exports (from 72 percen **t** o 68 percent) (Calculated from the UN COMTRADE data base).