# **Appendix S1. List of Countries, Industries and Data Sources**

# **Table S1.1. List of Countries in Country-level Analysis**

|Albania<br>Algeria<br>Angola<br>Antigua and Barbuda<br>Argentina<br>Armenia<br>Australia<br>Austria<br>Azerbaijan<br>Bahrain<br>Bangladesh<br>Barbados<br>Belarus<br>Belgium<br>Belize<br>Benin<br>Bolivia<br>Bosnia and Herzegovina<br>Botswana<br>Brazil<br>Brunei Darussalam<br>Bulgaria<br>Burkina Faso<br>Burundi<br>Cabo Verde<br>Cambodia<br>Cameroon<br>Canada<br>Central African Republic<br>Chad<br>Chile|China<br>Colombia<br>Comoros<br>Congo, Republic of<br>Costa Rica<br>Croatia<br>Cyprus<br>Czech Republic<br>Cote d'Ivoire<br>Denmark<br>Dominica<br>Dominican Republic<br>Ecuador<br>Egypt<br>El Salvador<br>Estonia<br>Ethiopia<br>Finland<br>France<br>Gabon<br>Gambia, The<br>Germany<br>Ghana<br>Greece<br>Guatemala<br>Guinea<br>Guinea-Bissau<br>Haiti<br>Honduras<br>Hong Kong SAR|Hungary<br>Iceland<br>India<br>Indonesia<br>Iran<br>Ireland<br>Israel<br>Italy<br>Jamaica<br>Japan<br>Jordan<br>Kazakhstan<br>Kenya<br>Korea<br>Kuwait<br>Kyrgyz Republic<br>Lao P.D.R.<br>Latvia<br>Lebanon<br>Lithuania<br>Luxembourg<br>Macedonia, FYR<br>Madagascar<br>Malawi<br>Malaysia<br>Mali<br>Malta<br>Mauritania<br>Mauritius<br>Mexico|Moldova<br>Mongolia<br>Montenegro, Rep. of<br>Morocco<br>Mozambique<br>Myanmar<br>Namibia<br>Nepal<br>Netherlands<br>New Zealand<br>Nicaragua<br>Niger<br>Nigeria<br>Norway<br>Oman<br>Pakistan<br>Panama<br>Papua New Guinea<br>Paraguay<br>Peru<br>Philippines<br>Poland<br>Portugal<br>Qatar<br>Romania<br>Russia<br>Rwanda<br>Saudi Arabia<br>Senegal<br>Sierra Leone|Singapore<br>Slovak Republic<br>Slovenia<br>South Africa<br>Spain<br>Sri Lanka<br>St. Lucia<br>Swaziland<br>Sweden<br>Taiwan Province of China<br>Tanzania<br>Thailand<br>Togo<br>Tonga<br>Trinidad and Tobago<br>Tunisia<br>Turkey<br>Turkmenistan<br>Uganda<br>Ukraine<br>United Arab Emirates<br>United Kingdom<br>United States<br>Uruguay<br>Uzbekistan<br>Vanuatu<br>Venezuela<br>Vietnam<br>Yemen<br>Zambia|
|---|---|---|---|---|

**Table S1.2. Data Sources for Country-level Analysis**

|**Indicator**|**Source**|
|---|---|
|Total employment (persons, millions)<br>Unemployment rate (percent)<br>Gross Domestic Product in constant prices (national currency,<br>billions)|World Economic Outlook (WEO)<br>WEO and World Development Indicators from World Bank (WDI)<br>WEO and WDI|
|Growth of Real GDP Exp. In Current Oct. Pub. (%)<br>Real effective exchange rate (2010=100)<br>Gini net mean of 100<br>Tariff rates<br>Trade balance as a share of GDP; Trade balance is computed using<br>exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services.<br>Exports, imports and GDP are in constant prices (national currency,<br>billions)|WEO<br>Information Notice System (IMF)<br>The Standardized World Income Inequality Database (SWIID)<br>Compiled by IMF Research Department (Prati, Onorato, and Papageorgiou 2013; Giuliano, Mishra, and<br>Spilimbergo 2013). Underlying sources are the WITS, WDI, WTO, GATT, BTN (Brussels Customs Union<br>database)<br>WEO and WDI|
|Crises|Leaven and Valencia 2010|
|Wars, political regime|Polity database|
|Instruments for tariff|Author calculation usingdata from WDI and IMF Direction of Trade Statistics|

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