**Figure 2. Informality and Basic Determinants (continued)**

<!-- Start of picture text --> C. Self employment (% of total employment)<br>(% of total employment) correlation: -0.72*** (% of total employment) correlation: -0.70***<br>60 CMR N = 69 60 CMR N = 71<br>40COL HNDBGD JAMGTM PHLIDNMDGDOMBOL PERPAK ZMB VNMIRN ETH 40 BGD IDNMDG PAKHND VNMPHLBOL ZMB DOMGTM PER JAMIRNCOLETH<br>20 BRAYEMZAFDZAMEXURYVENSLVECUPANLKA TTO ARG MYS GRC THACRIMNGEGYTWNKORESPITAHKGFRAOMNTUNCHL CYP SYRBEPRTISRJPNMDEU L TCHEMARSGPNAMGBRNZLAUSCANAUTNLDIRLISL 20 VEN ARGDZAEGYECUMEXMAR PAN BRALKAMUSKORTHAGRCMLTBRBSYRMNGNAM TTO URYITACRIPRT MYSCYP ZAFBELESPSLVFRAJPNISRTUNNLDTWNDEUOMNAUTIRLGBRCHLCHEAUSCANFJI NZLHKGSGP ISL<br>USA DNKNOR LSO NORDNKUSA<br>0 QAT 0<br>1 2 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 7 8<br>Law and Order (index: higher, better) Business Regulatory Freedom (index: higher, less regulated)<br>(% of total employment) correlation: -0.67*** correlation: 0.71***<br>60 CMR N = 65 60 N = 74 CMR<br>(% of total employment)<br>40 BGD GTMBOL HND ZMB DOMIDN PAK COLJAMIRNPHL PER 40 COL PER JAMDOMBOLPHLIDNIRN HND GTM PAKBGD VNM ZMB MDG KHM ETH<br>20 YEMSLVBRA THAZAFCRITUNMARFJISYRCHLDZAECUVENMUSEGYPANARG MYS MEXSGPPRTISRURYESPBELLKAGBRGRC TTO ITAISLFRA CYP NZLTWNNLDJPNIRLAUSBRB HKGAUTKORCANCHE DEU 20 BELHKGSGPGBRDEUNLDCHEITAAUSPRIESPCANJPNFRAAUTURYKORISLNZLGRCARGPRTCHLVENIRLBRMEXBRBPOMN A MYS MUSNECUCRIZAFWBGSLVTUNTHADZA EGYMARFJICPVLCALKA TTO BLZMNGNAMSYRYEM<br>LSO DNK NORUSA DNKNORUSA LSO<br>0 0<br>0 1 2 3 4 5 -2 -1 0 1 2<br>Average Years of Secondary Schooling Sociodemographic Factors, standardized<br>D. Non-contributor to pension scheme (% of labor force)<br>(% of labor force) (% of labor force)<br>10080 COL ZWE HND BGD GTMIRQNGA KENYEMGHACMRPHLDZAMEXIDN PRYSLV SDNMDGDOMVENCIV GIN ECUBOLPERMOZGABTGOLKAPAKSENSLE BFATHANICZMBUGALBNINDJORVNMIRN CHNcorrelation: -0.72*** N = 99TZA MAR 1008060 VENCMRZWEBGDIDNMRTMDGPAK NGA MOZ HND VNMDZAECUSENMEXPHL CHN BDIBOL MAR BFABEN PRY NICKEN ALB INDZMBTZAUGADOMTGO GTM LKAPERBIHGHATHAIRN COLTUR JORNPLSLEKGZ CIV SLV RWA KAZ correlation: -0.70*** N = 101<br>60 ALB KAZTUR ARG BRAJAM<br>40200 JAMBRA URY PANARMYUGARGMYSGRC AZECRI MNG ROMUKRBGREGYLBY LTU ESTHPOLSVKUN KORESPITASVNFRA MDA HRVTUNLVA CHL BELCZEPRTJPNDEU CHE USASGP GBRNZLAUSDNKSWEAUT N FINIRLORLD 40200 UKR AZEEGYBGRROMPOLHRVPANGEOMKDMUSKORARMGRC MNG SVK URY CZEITASVNCRILVA MDA PRT LTU MYSBELESPFRAJPNHUNTUNNLDDEUAUTIRLGBREST CHL NORDNK CHE AUSUSASWE NZLSGP FIN<br>1 2 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 7 8<br>Law and Order (index: higher, better) Business Regulatory Freedom (index: higher, less regulated)<br>(% of labor force) (% of labor force)<br>100806040200 MOZTZARWAYEMMRTBEN SDN SEN SLV UGABGD GTMHND KENSLEBRATGOCMRBOL IRQ NICNPLZMBINDGHADOMTHA TUR IDNCRI MAR TUN PRY PAK CHL DZAZWE COL ECUVENPOLHUNMUSEGYJAM CHN IRNPANARGMYSMEXPHLSGPPRT PER JOR URY ESPBELLKAGBRGRCITAFRANZLNLDJPNIRLAUS correlation: -0.84*** DNKFIN N = 78AUTKOR CHE NORUSA SWEDEU 100806040200 BELSGPDNKGBRSWEDEUNLD CHE NORITAAUSESPJPNFRAUSAAUT URY CZEKORNZLHFINUNGRCARGLVAPRT CHL ESTBGRVENSVNHRV LTU IRLLBNPOLBRAUKRSVKMEXMKDJORPANROMBIH COL GABPERYUGMYSMUSECU KAZ JAM TUR CRIDOM WBG GEO IRQSLV TUN CHN BOLTHAARMDZAPHL MAR AZE MDA IDNIRN HNDPRYALB EGYNIC MNG MRT GTM LKASENIND NGA CIVYEM GIN PAKBGDMOZVNMZMBcorrelation: 0.87***MDGZWEBENGHACMRKGZSDNTGOSLEN = 109 BFA KENUGANPLTZARWABDI<br>0 1 2 3 4 5 -2 -1 0 1 2<br>Average Years of Secondary Schooling Sociodemographic Factors, standardized<br>Note: *** denotes significance at the 1 percent level.<br><!-- End of picture text --> 24