**Appendix III: Composition of Multidimensional Social-Gaps,Tests of Statistical Significance between Ethnic Groups**

# **Panel A: Peru**

**4**

|||||**Quechua**<sup>**(a)**</sup>|||||**Aymara**<sup>**(a)**</sup>||||**Ot**|**her Inidgeno**|**us**<sup>**(a)**</sup>|||||**Non-Nati**|**ve**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Dimension**|**Indicator**|||**Cutoff**|||||**Cutoff**|||||**Cutoff**|||||**Cutoff**|||
|||**33%**<br>||**50%**<br><br>|**T**|**75%**<br>|**T**|**33%**<br><br>**T**|**50%**<br>**T**<br>|**75%**<br>|**T**|**33%**<br>|**T**|**50%**<br>|**T**|**75%**<br>||**T**|**33%**<br>|**50%**|**75%**|
|||**Est./SE**<br>|**-tes**|**Est./SE**<br><br>|**-tes**|**Est./SE**<br>|**-tes**|**Est./SE**<br><br>**-tes**|**Est./SE**<br>**-**<br>|**Est./SE**<br>**est**|**-tes**|**Est./SE**<br>|**-te**|**Est./SE**<br>**t**|**-te**|**Est./S**<br>**t**|**E**|**-te**|**Est./SE**<br>**t**|**Est./SE**|**Est./SE**|
|**Access to labour**|**Quality of**|12%|***|11%|***|8.3%|<br>***|11.4%<br>***|10.7%<br>*|**<br>8.2%|<br>***|12.3%|***|11.2%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|11.7%|<br>10.9%|<br>8.2%|
|**markets**|**employment**|(0.1%)||(0.1%)||(0%)||(0.2%)<br>|(0.1%)<br>|(0.1%)||(0.2%)||(0.1%)||(0%)|||(0.1%)|(0%)|(0.1%)|
|**Access to basic**|**Access to basic**|4.8%|***|5.9%|***|5.8%|<br>***|4.2%<br>***|5.1%<br>*|**<br>6%|<br>***|11.1%|***|10.5%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|3.4%|<br>4.8%|<br>7.4%|
|**services**<br>**Social Inclusion**|**services**|(1.3%)||(1.2%)||(1.2%)||(1.4%)<br>|(1.2%)<br>|(1.4%)||(0.5%)||(0.3%)||(0%)|||(1%)|(1%)|(0.2%)|
|||9.2%|***|9.2%|***|8.1%|<br>***|8.1%<br>***|8.2%<br>*|**<br>6.5%|<br>***|9.9%|***|9.6%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|6.6%|<br>7.8%|<br>7.9%|
|**Access to human**|**Level of education**|(0.3%)||(0.3%)||(0.1%)||(0.3%)<br>|(0.1%)<br>|(0.3%)||(0.4%)||(0.3%)||(0%)|||(0.9%)|(0.6%)|(0.2%)|
|**capital services**||7.6%|***|8.1%|***|8.2%|<br>***|8.8%<br>***|8.7%<br>*|**<br>6.5%|<br>***|7.6%|***|7.7%|<br>**|8.3%||<br>***|7.7%|<br>7.8%|<br>7.4%|
||**Medical attention**|(0.3%)||(0.1%)||(0.1%)||(0.3%)<br>|(0.4%)<br>|(1.2%)||(0.3%)||(0.1%)||(0%)|||(0.2%)|(0.2%)|(0.2%)|
|||6.7%|***|7.5%|***|8%|<br>***|5.2%<br>***|6.2%<br>*|**<br>7.8%|<br>***|5.6%|***|5.7%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|4.3%|<br>5.9%|<br>7.2%|
||**Quality of housing**|(1.3%)||(1.1%)||(0.3%)||(1.7%)<br>|(1.6%)<br>|(0.4%)||(0.5%)||(0.6%)||(0%)|||(1.2%)|(1.2%)|(0.6%)|
|||6.3%|***|7.3%|***|7%|<br>***|6.7%<br>***|7.7%<br>|**<br>8%|<br>***|11%|***|10.2%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|3.5%|<br>5.2%|<br>7.8%|
|**Rili**|**Possession of assets**|(1.2%)||(1%)||(1.2%)||(1.1%)<br>|(1%)<br>|(0.3%)||(0.6%)||(0.5%)||(0%)|||(1.2%)|(1.3%)|(0.2%)|
|**esence**||9.5%||9.2%||7.8%|<br>|8.9%<br>|8.8%<br>|8%|<br>|11.3%||10.7%|<br>|8.3%||<br>|8.5%|<br>8.8%|<br>7.6%|
||**Public assistance**|(0.6%)|***|(0.5%)|***|(0.5%)|***|(0.5%)<br>***|(0.3%)<br>*|**<br>(0.1%)|***|(0.1%)|***|(0.1%)|***|(0%)||***|(0.8%)|(0.4%)|(0.2%)|
||**Capacit for savin**|1.5%|***|1.5%|***|3.8%|<br>***|1.8%<br>***|1.8%<br>*|**<br>3.8%|<br>***|1.6%|***|1.8%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|3.7%|<br>3.9%|<br>5.6%|
||**y g**|(0.3%)||(0.4%)||(0.8%)||(0.5%)|(0.5%)|(0.7%)||(0.5%)||(0.5%)||(0%)|||(0.3%)|(0.4%)|(0.4%)|
||**Confidence on**<br>|5.1%|***|5.4%|***|8.1%|<br>***|6.5%<br>***|7.1%<br>*|**<br>8.2%|<br>***|3.9%|***|4.8%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|4.2%|<br>4.5%|<br>5.1%|
||**government**<br>**institutions**|(0.4%)||(0.4%)||(0.1%)||(0.4%)<br>|(0.4%)<br>|(0.1%)||(0.4%)||(0.5%)||(0%)|||(0.2%)|(0.3%)|(1%)|
||**Experience of**|1.9%|***|2.1%|***|4.6%|<br>***|3.4%<br>***|3.5%<br>*|**<br>7.4%|<br>***|0.5%|***|0.6%|<br>***|0%||<br>***|2.1%|<br>2.2%|<br>3.8%|
|**Social Cohesion**|**discrimination**|(0.4%)||(0.5%)||(0.6%)||(0.2%)<br>|(0.3%)<br>|(0.3%)||(0.1%)||(0.2%)||(0%)|||(0.5%)|(0.6%)|(0.6%)|
|||12%||1%||21%||09%|06%|1%||05%||04%||0%|||22%|<br>18%|<br>15%|
|||.|***||***|.|<br>***|.<br>***|.<br>*|**<br>|<br>***|.|***|.|<br>***|||<br>***|.|<br>.|<br>.|
||**Perception of safety**|(0.5%)||(0.4%)||(1.6%)||(0.4%)<br>|(0.3%)<br>|(0.7%)||(0.2%)||(0.1%)||(0%)|||(0.6%)|(0.5%)|(0.5%)|
|||0.5%|***|0.5%|***|1.6%|<br>***|0.5%<br>***|0.4%<br>*|**<br>2.4%|<br>***|0.3%|***|0.3%|<br>***|0%||<br>***|0.5%|<br>0.6%|<br>0.6%|
||**Victim of crime**|(0.1%)||(0.1%)||(1.1%)||(0.2%)<br>|(0.1%)<br>|(1%)||(0.2%)||(0.2%)||(0%)|||(0.1%)|(0.1%)|(0.2%)|
|**Agency and**||3.8%|***|3.1%|***|3.5%|<br>***|3.4%<br>***|2.6%<br>|**<br>3.4%|<br>***|1.3%|***|1.4%|<br>***|0%||<br>***|8.7%|<br>7.1%|<br>6.6%|
|<br>**voice**|**Civil participation**|(1.5%)||(1.3%)||(1%)||(1.7%)<br>|(1.5%)<br>|(1.2%)||(0.5%)||(0.4%)||(0%)|||(1.4%)|(1.2%)|(0.4%)|
||**Satisfaction with**|8%||7.8%||7.6%|<br>|8.7%<br>|8.4%<br>|8.2%|<br>|5%||6%||8.3%||<br>|9.3%|<br>8.2%|<br>7%|
|**Pr**|**democracy**|(0.8%)|***|(0.4%)|***|(0.4%)|***|(0.5%)<br>***|(0.4%)<br>*|**<br>(0.1%)|***|(0.2%)|***|(0.1%)|***|(0%)||***|(0.9%)|(0.7%)|(0.5%)|
|**ocess**<br><br>|**Government**|10.3%||9.7%||8.1%|<br>|10%<br>|9.6%<br>|6.4%|<br>|7.9%||8.8%|<br>|8.3%||<br>|11.3%|<br>9.9%|<br>8.2%|
|**Legitimacy**<br>**Social**<br>**accountability**|**effectiveness**|(0.6%)|***|(0.4%)|***|(0.1%)|***|(0.5%)<br>***|(0.4%)<br>*|**<br>(1.2%)|***|(0.2%)|***|(0.4%)|***|(0%)||***|(0.7%)|(0.4%)|(0.1%)|
||**Equality before the**|11.8%|***|10.7%|***|7.2%|<br>***|11.5%<br>***|10.4%<br>*|**<br>8.2%|<br>***|10.2%|***|10.3%|<br>***|8.3%||<br>***|12.4%|<br>10.8%|<br>8.1%|
||**l**|04%||02%||12%||04%|02%|01%||01%||03%||0%|||05%|02%|01%|
||**aw**|(.)||(.)||(.)||(.)|(.)|(.)||(.)||(.)||()|||(.)|(.)|(.)|
|(a) To assess difference betweengro|ups we perfomed t-tes|ts. The baseli|ne ca|tegoryforeth|nicity|isnon-nat|ive.***|,**,*denote stati|stically significa|nt differences|betwee|ngroups at1|%, 5%|and10%lev|elsre|spectively.|n.|s den|otesnon-st|atisticalsigni|ficance.|

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