We asked that households complete their work on specific days to which they were assigned: work schedules varied week to week, averaging three days weekly. To ensure compliance with the work schedule, we stationed a tamper-proof box in a preselected household within each block (the facilitator household) and informed participants that they should submit their tasks into the box at the end of each assigned workday. The facilitator would slip an additional piece of paper into the box at the end of the day to bookend that day’s set of submissions, and the respondent’s submission was marked late if it was inserted after the bookend. Facilitators were compensated with an additional 50 taka per week for their services, and had no access to the materials inside the box.

Along with dropping off their submissions at the end of each workday, participants were instructed to visit the facilitator’s home on their designated ‘collection day’ each week. The facilitator made their home available for a few hours on this day so the enumerator could complete the check-ins with the block’s five respondents and pay the participants their respective amounts in a relatively private setting. In blocks assigned to the work treatment, the enumerators first checked the respondents’ work (e.g., the number of pages they submitted; whether worksheets were submitted on the correct dates; and the number of mistakes made per sheet). Checking for mistakes involved assessing that the correct number of tick marks were present (corresponding to the number of individuals the participant was asked to survey); whether the patterns across days were identical or distinct (whether sheets had been copied); and whether the handwriting was consistent (whether the work was completed by someone else).<sup>9</sup> At the end of the interaction, enumerators were instructed to examine the respondents’ performance over the previous three weeks. If the work had not been completed correctly three weeks in a row, the enumerator did not pay the participant for that week. Payment occurred at the end of the interaction after the enumerator had administered the standard weekly survey.

**Interpreting the magnitude of cash interventions** As described previously, we offer both the cash and the employment arms 450 taka per week for two months. At 1,800 taka per month ($60 USD PPP), this amount is slightly larger than the cost to the World Food Programme (WFP) of the per-refugee monthly ration provision of lentils, oil, and rice.<sup>10</sup> Despite widespread complaints of insufficient provisions, refugees regularly resell portions of these rations - at discounted prices to host community members - to secure the cash

> 9We did not have auditors in the camps watching our workers given both logistical infeasibility and concern that workers may feel insecure.

> 10In 2019, Rohingya refugee households with one to three members received 30 kg of rice, 9 kg of lentils and 3 liters of cooking oil, with these provisions made monthly. Using the upper bounds on the market price of rice (BDT 60/kg), lentil (BDT 140/ kg) and soyabean oil (130/kg), the monthly rations can be estimated at approximately BDT 3450 per two, or 1725 per adult.

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