consumption for any household. In this case, such aggregation is relevant for public policies if in general they want to foster energy consumption without differentiating between the different sources.

**Table 5: OLS and Tobit for household consumption on gasoline**

|||**Ur**|**ban**|||**Ru**|**ral**||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||**OLS**||**Tobit**||**OLS**||**Tobit**|
|**Log (gasoline)**|**Coef.**<br>|**Std. Err.**|**Coef.**|**Std. Err.**|**Coef.**|**Std. Err.**|**Coef.**|**Std. Err.**|
|North|0.292|(0.055) ***|5.817|(2.510) **|0.152|(0.102)|4.785|(2.808) *|
|Center|0.092|(0.046) *|0.793|(1.876)|0.066|(0.082)|1.992|(2.016)|
|Vehicles|0.165|(0.018) ***|24.951|(1.188) ***|0.175|(0.038) ***|16.054|(1.993) ***|
|Appliances|0.013|(0.003) ***|0.283|(0.215)|0.011|(0.009)|-0.227|(0.303)|
|Refrigerator|0.016|(0.095)|2.354|(1.711)|0.123|(0.121)|5.236|(1.608) ***|
|Stove|-0.089|(0.070)|-0.276|(2.430)|0.137|(0.100)|3.376|(1.911) *|
|Washing machine|0.084|(0.044) *|5.510|(1.163) ***|0.094|(0.072)|4.837|(1.289) ***|
|Fan|0.001|(0.035)|0.981|(0.948)|-0.043|(0.055)|0.380|(0.916)|
|Air conditioning|0.086|(0.035) **|3.877|(1.494) ***|0.022|(0.100)|3.205|(1.297) **|
|Heating|-0.002|(0.056)|-1.037|(3.409)|0.237|(0.184)|-3.857|(7.464)|
|Owners of housing|-0.003|(0.028)|1.901|(1.040) *|0.026|(0.094)|2.911|(0.951) ***|
|Log (dormitories)|0.029|(0.021)|1.501|(0.965)|0.077|(0.062)|2.675|(1.182) **|
|Housing quality|0.042|(0.026)|0.900|(0.760)|0.048|(0.033)|0.561|(0.609)|
|<br>Employment type|-0.001|(0.025)|-2.317|(1.159) **|0.195|(0.064) ***|1.398|(0.925)|
|Male|0.070|(0.026) **|6.409|(0.848) ***|0.124|(0.100)|7.411|(0.878) ***|
|Formal|0.003|(0.028)|0.686|(0.855)|-0.008|(0.080)|3.223|(1.282) **|
|Indigenous language|-0.007|(0.091)|-3.151|(2.253)|0.215|(0.143)|-1.541|(2.806)|
|Log (household size)|-0.093|(0.024) ***|-4.542|(1.069) ***|-0.044|(0.073)|0.379|(1.266)|
|Skilled|0.153|(0.017) ***|6.781|(0.984) ***|0.209|(0.102) **|7.108|(2.158) ***|
|Decile 2|0.091|(0.082)|6.805|(2.643) ***|0.302|(0.172) *|1.205|(2.116)|
|Decile 3|0.277|(0.060) ***|13.056|(2.492) ***|0.443|(0.156) ***|2.796|(2.522)|
|Decile 4|0.393|(0.066) ***|17.101|(3.195) ***|0.458|(0.133) ***|5.726|(2.700) **|
|Decile 5|0.382|(0.068) ***|19.013|(2.851) ***|0.494|(0.152) ***|3.510|(2.027) *|
|Decile 6|0.501|(0.077) ***|22.593|(3.514) ***|0.614|(0.155) ***|6.594|(2.393) ***|
|Decile 7|0.567|(0.063) ***|25.939|(2.724) ***|0.595|(0.133) ***|7.922|(2.861) ***|
|Decile 8|0.677|(0.069) ***|32.879|(3.623) ***|0.760|(0.137) ***|9.491|(3.382) ***|
|Decile 9|0.824|(0.071) ***|38.370|(3.741) ***|0.824|(0.156) ***|11.440|(2.974) ***|
|Decile 10|1.054|(0.062) ***|57.087|(4.921) ***|1.136|(0.133) ***|16.485|(4.187) ***|
|Constant|3.053|(0.140) ***|-204.613|(11.350) ***|2.223|(0.266) ***|-223.184|(25.147) ***|
|Sigma|||100.843|(3.399)|||83.025|(4.099)|
|**N**||8477||20407||1513||5307|
|**F/LR**χ <sup>**2**</sup>|1055.820|(0.000) ***|751.330|(0.000) ***|393.200|(0.000) ***|672.560|(0.000) ***|
|**R**<sup>**2**</sup>**/** **Likelihood**|0|.3132|0|.1099||0.262|0|.1191|

Notes: ***, **, * denote significance at 1%, 5% and 10 % Clustered standard errors at state level Sample restricted to households consuming gasoline for OLS 25