**compelling evidence of adverse effects on employment.** Rown, Gilroy, and Cohen (1982) conducted a comprehensive review of early minimum wage studies, revealing that a 10 percent minimum wage increase resulted in a one to three percent reduction in teenage employment. Neumark and Wascher (2006), Neumark (2019), Neumark & Shirley (2022), and Dube (2019) reviewed the literature and unveiled a broader spectrum of employment effect estimates, reflecting the diverse methodologies adopted in newer studies. Among the studies surveyed by Neumark and Wascher (2006), most indicated decreased employment stemming from minimum wage hikes. Interestingly, of the most robust studies, 85 percent reported a negative impact on employment. Studies analyzing low-skilled labor observed the most substantial negative employment consequences (Neumark, 2019). Neumark and Shirley (2022) conclude that most US research indicates the impacts of minimum wage increases, which are more pronounced for teenagers, young adults, and individuals with lower education levels. However, evidence from studies of low-wage industries is less consistently onesided, showing a more nuanced picture in these sectors. Bossavie et al. (2023) find that a rapid increase in minimum wage results in higher rates of firm destruction concentrated among smaller firms. Some workers who lose formal employment may be forced out of the formal labor market and into informal employment, especially in the case of emerging economies with weak regulation enforcement. (Del Caprio & Pabon, 2017).

**Moreover, contemporary empirical evidence has suggested that the minimum wage reduces employment growth, potentially attributed to labor-saving technology implementation in response to heightened labor costs (Meer and West, 2016).** A minimum wage increase may result in higher capital investments, which may or may not be enough to offset the adverse effects of diminished employment on total output (Bauducco & Janiak, 2018; Seok & You, 2022). On the other hand, if increasing the minimum wage does not reduce employment, it may result in higher inflationary pressure (Majchrowska, 2022). Evidence from the US shows that the impact of the minimum wage on employment manifests over time through shifts in growth rather than an immediate decline in relative employment levels. They contend that commonly employed specifications in this field, particularly those incorporating state-specific time trends, need to be revised to capture these effects. Through analyzing three distinct state panels of administrative employment data, this research reveals that the minimum wage curtails job growth over multiple years. This conclusion is robust across various empirical specifications.

**In contrast, more recent investigations (Dube, Lester, and Reich, 2010; Allegretto, Dube, and Reich, 2011) found no adverse employment repercussions linked to minimum wage changes, but these results have been contested.** Nonetheless, Neumark, Salas, and Wascher (2014a) and Neumark, Salas, and Wascher (2014b) have cast doubt on these findings. Recently, studies have identified significant disemployment effects of the minimum wage (e.g., Baskaya and Rubinstein, 2016; Clemens and Wither, 2019; Powell, 2016). These

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