**Table 1: Impact of digital technology interventions on agriculture outcomes**

|**Main Finding**|**Location; Product; Technology; Study**|
|---|---|
|<br>**Imp**<br>|<br>**rove Market Transparency**<br>|
|Greater arbitrage opportunities, reduction<br>in spatial price dispersion, lower wastage,<br>increase in both consumer and producer<br>welfare| Kerala, India; Fisheries; Mobile phone coverage; Jensen (2007)<br> Uganda; Range of Crops; Radio; Svensson and Yanagizawa<br>(2008)<br> Niger; Grain;Mobile phone coverage;Aker(2010)|
|Increases in farm-gate prices from<br>improvements in bargaining power with<br>middlemen, greater market participation in<br>remote areas through more efficient<br>coordination| Uganda; Maize and Banana; Mobile phone coverage; Muto and<br>Yamano (2009)<br> Madhya Pradesh, India; Soybeans; Internet Kiosks; Goyal (2010)<br> Gujarat, India; Range of Crops; SMS; Mitchell (2014)|
|Context specific factors and various<br>marketing and institutional constraints can<br>blunt benefits| Rwanda; Range of Crops; Mobile phone adoption; Futch and<br>Mcintosh (2009)<br> India; Range of Crops; SMS; Fafchamps and Minten (2012)<br> West Bengal, India; Potato; SMS; Mitra et al (2015)<br> Ethiopia; Cereals; Mobile phone coverage; Tadesse and<br>Bahiigwa (2015)|
|**En**|**hance Farm Productivity**|
|Facilitates adoption of improved inputs by<br>providing extension advice and weather<br>forecasts at a lower cost and encouraging<br>agricultural investment decisions| Ethiopia; Range of Crops; Videos; Gandhi et al (2009)<br> Gujarat, India; Cotton; Hotline voice service; Cole and Fernando<br>(2012)<br> Ghana; Range of Crops; Mobile phone coverage; Al-Hassan,<br>Egyir, andAbakah(2013)|
|Improvements in rural households' food<br>security, income, value of assets through<br>enhanced management practices| Philippines; Ranges of Crops; Mobile phone adoption; Labonne<br>and Chase (2009)<br> Sri Lanka; Fruit and Vegetables; SMS; Lokanathan and de Silva<br>(2010)<br> Peru; Range of Crops; Mobile phone coverage; Beuermann et al<br>(2012)|
|Success of digital technology interventions<br>depend on broader institutional support<br>such as political empowerment, human<br>capital, and income inequality.| Cross country data; Range of Crops; ICT; Lio and Liu (2006)<br> Morocco; Range of Crops; Mobile phone adoption; Ilahiane and<br>Sherry (2012)<br> Kenya; SMS; Ogutu et al(2014)|
|**E**|**nable Efficient Logistics**|
|Optimize supply chain management,<br>enhance coordination of transportation,<br>delivery of products, and improving<br>capacity utilization| South Africa; web based systems; Van Rensburg (2004)<br> Zambia; SMS based service; Dixie and Jayaraman (2011)|
|Ensures food safety in global agriculture<br>product chains, tracing from point of origin<br>to consumers| Namibia; Beef; RFID; Cabrera et al. (2010)<br> Colombia; Coffee; Karippacheril et al. (2011)<br> Mali;Mangoesmobile phone platforms; (Annerose2010)|
|Facilitates secure payments, allows fast and<br>safe transfer of funds to pay for products<br>and inputs, agricultural subsidies, or<br>remittances| Nigeria; e-wallet; Grossman and Tarazi (2014)<br> Kenya; Mobile money; Jack and Suri (2014); Mbiti and Weil<br>(2015)|

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