Table 2: Differences by treatment status

||Treatment vs<br>control households|Treatment 1 vs<br>control<br>households|Treatment 2 vs<br>control<br>households|Treated<br>clusters vs<br>control cluster|s<br>Treated<br>households vs<br>households in<br>control clusters|<br> <br> <br>Control households<br>in treated clusters<br>vs households in<br>control clusters|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||T-C|T1-C|T2-C|TN-CN|T-CN|CTN-CN|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|
|Panel A: Household Characteristics|||||||
|Household size|0.266|0.289|0.227|0.412|0.422|0.371|
||(0.334)|(0.382)|(0.400)|(0.433)|(0.417)|(0.546)|
|Number of women in the household<sup>1</sup>|0.096<br>|0.11<br>|0.088<br>|0.054<br>|0.074<br>|-0.044<br>|
||(0.104)|(0.123)|(0.114)|(0.145)|(0.139)|(0.165)|
|Asset index|0.017|0.061|-0.036|-0.086|-0.063|-0.188|
||(0.132)|(0.146)|(0.181)|(0.204)|(0.202)|(0.195)|
|Total owned land (in acres)|1.018**|1.360**|0.6|0.754|0.943|-0.16|
||(0.428)|(0.528)|(0.512)|(0.543)|(0.572)|(0.388)|
|Average monthly expenditure|473.211|470.616|444.17|267.484|367.439|-297.676|
||(403.795)|(441.530)|(440.550)|(591.398)|(608.246)|(510.030)|
|House quality index|-0.054|-0.078|-0.023|-0.211*|-0.192|-0.314**|
||(0.098)|(0.121)|(0.117)|(0.117)|(0.117)|(0.138)|
|Distance to polling station (Km)|-0.013|-0.036|0.011|0.137|0.108|0.277*|
||(0.081)|(0.082)|(0.115)|(0.137)|(0.129)|(0.162)|
|Low Zaat status|0.026|0.014|0.034|0.063|0.061|0.086|
||(0.059)|(0.070)|(0.067)|(0.101)|(0.099)|(0.069)|
|Received visit from political party staff prior to election|||||||
|(1=Yes)|0.000|0.002|-0.002|-0.007|-0.006|-0.015*|
||(0.007)|(0.010)|(0.008)|(0.010)|(0.010)|(0.009)|
|Attended political rally before intervention (1=Yes)|0.032|0.003|0.070*|0.050|0.051|0.043|
||(0.034)|(0.036)|(0.040)|(0.044)|(0.045)|(0.049)|
|N. Observations|972|676|588|972|845|292|
|P-value F testjoint significance|0.340|0.635|0.971|0.799|0.754|0.466|
|Panel B: Woman Characteristics|||||||
|Age|-0.730|-0.872|-0.674|-1.410**|-1.382**|-1.533**|
||(0.167)<br>|(0.139)<br>|(0.272)<br>|(0.028)<br>|(0.034)<br>|(0.033)<br>|
|Woman has formal schooling (1=Yes)|0.007|-0.002|0.025|0.015|0.016|0.020|
||(0.723)|(0.915)|(0.274)|(0.616)|(0.587)|(0.596)|
|Woman is married (1=Yes)|-0.007|-0.020|0.005|-0.017|-0.016|-0.019|
||(0.641)|(0.229)|(0.802)|(0.243)|(0.295)|(0.416)|
|Number of children under 5 years old|0.088*<br>|0.114**<br>|0.048<br>|0.147***<br>|0.150***<br>|0.137<br>|
||(0.061)|(0.042)|(0.415)|(0.004)|(0.002)|(0.104)|
|Woman has a National Identity Card (NIC or CNIC) (1=Yes|0.027|0.021|0.033|0.042|0.043|0.035|
|<sup>1</sup>|(0.292)<br>|(0.505)<br>|(0.180)<br>|(0.228)<br>|(0.216)<br>|(0.274)<br>|
|Woman voted in last local elections (1=Yes)|0.022|0.002|0.042*|0.036|0.037|0.034|
||(0.333)|(0.942)|(0.095)|(0.232)|(0.223)|(0.307)|
|Access to radio (1=Yes)|0.011|0.032|-0.014|-0.014|-0.008|-0.045|
||(0.728)|(0.362)|(0.722)|(0.757)|(0.854)|(0.324)|
|Access to TV (1=Yes)|0.022|0.041|0.000|0.026|0.028|0.028|
||(0.522)|(0.247)|(0.997)|(0.630)|(0.598)|(0.598)|
|Access to cable (1=yes)|-0.059|-0.064|-0.045|-0.118*|-0.116*|-0.116**|
||(0.175)|(0.204)|(0.365)|(0.079)|(0.080)|(0.028)|
|Mobility Index (0 to 3)|0.032|0.055|0.005|0.012|0.020|-0.034|
||(0.456)|(0.214)|(0.920)|(0.826)|(0.710)|(0.665)|
|Woman allowed to join an NGO (1=Yes)|-0.003|0.008|-0.020|-0.022|-0.019|-0.033|
||(0.915)|(0.762)|(0.534)|(0.506)|(0.573)|(0.363)|
|Woman is a member of MRDO (1=Yes)<sup>1</sup>|-0.004|0.018|-0.029|0.030|0.023|0.072|
||(0.870)|(0.531)|(0.371)|(0.410)|(0.508)|(0.105)|
|Woman seeks advice from a religious leader or "Pir" (1=Y|-0.051|-0.031|-0.079*|-0.057|-0.062|-0.043|
||(0.129)|(0.424)|(0.066)|(0.246)|(0.214)|(0.414)|
|N. Observations|2,637|1,827|1,577|2,637|2,303|768|
|P-value F test ofjoint significance|0.294|0.057|0.440|0.401|0.305|0.001|

Notes: T refers to the sample of treated households, C control households, CTN control households in treated clusters, TN households in treated clusters (including both treated and control households) and CN households in control clusters (all are control households).<sup>1</sup> indicates that the variable is created using only the sample from the pre-election visit. Variables are defined in Appendix Table A1.