# **APPENDIX II:** _Tables_

Table <u>5a: Local economic impacts based on presence of mineral deposits.</u>

|_Dependent variables:_|_Per capit_|_a Growth_|_Populatio_|_n density_|_Spatia_|_l Gini_|_Spatial S_|_en Index_|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|(7)|(8)|
|Post_x_Deposit|0.068|0.058|75.381|106.864|-0.030<sup>**</sup>|-0.018|1.040<sup>***</sup>|0.716<sup>**</sup>|
||[0.043]|[0.063]|[62.894]|[85.422]|[0.012]|[0.015]|[0.232]|[0.272]|
|No. Deposits_x_Year 2000||-0.059||9.408||-0.008||0.103<sup>**</sup>|
|||[0.142]||[8.593]||[0.009]||[0.050]|
|Log (Constant Prices)||0.096||-54.523||-0.008||0.386|
|||[0.071]||[63.127]||[0.014]||[0.268]|
|Climate|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|
|Fixed effects|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|Conflict dummy|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|
|_N_|24856|22764|24957|22864|20315|18378|20315|18378|
|R-squared|0.074|0.076|0.969|0.969|0.795|0.791|0.951|0.950|
|Dep. Variable [mean]|0.029|0.029|288.423|283.912|0.254|0.247|4.003|3.626|

Notes: (1) The table shows the regression results across districts in Africa during 2002–2007. (2) The results show the local economic impacts of China's WTO accession in the presence of mineral deposits in Africa. (3) The standard errors, clustered at the country level, are in brackets; * _p_ < 0.10, ** _p_ < 0.05, *** _p_ < 0.01. (4) Growth, Spatial Gini, and Sen Index are measured using lights data as described in the data section. (5) Population density is measured as population per square kilometer. (6) Prices are reported in 1998 constant US dollars. (7) Fixed effects include time-fixed effects, district-fixed effects, and country-year-fixed effects. (8) Climate is measured using the standard deviation of rainfall distribution at the district level. Source: Authors’ estimations.

Table 5b: The local economic impacts of active mining activities.

|_Dependent variables:_|_Per capit_|_a Growth_|_Populati_|_on density_|_Spatia_|_l Gini_|_Sen I_|_ndex_|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|(7)|(8)|
|Post_x_Active mines|0.066|0.072|86.988|129.015|-0.029<sup>**</sup>|-0.019|1.099<sup>***</sup>|0.744<sup>**</sup>|
||[0.044]|[0.068]|[67.306]|[90.002]|[0.012]|[0.015]|[0.246]|[0.297]<br>|
|Inactive mines_x_Year 2000||-0.124||10.962||-0.002||0.110<sup>*</sup>|
|||[0.145]||[9.272]||[0.007]||[0.055]|
|Log (Constant Prices)||0.100||-55.337||-0.009||0.412|
|||[0.071]||[62.318]||[0.014]||[0.277]|
|Climate|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|
|Fixed effects|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|Yes|
|Conflict dummy|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|No|Yes|
|_N_|24856|22764|24957|22864|20315|18378|20315|18378|
|R-squared|0.074|0.076|0.969|0.969|0.795|0.791|0.951|0.950|
|Dep. Variable [mean]|0.029|0.029|288.423|283.912|0.254|0.247|4.003|3.626|

Notes: (1) The table shows the regression results across districts in Africa during 2002–2007. (2) The results show the local economic impacts of China’s WTO accession in the presence active mining activities in Africa. (3) The standard errors, clustered at the country level, are in brackets;<sup>*</sup> _p_ < 0.10,<sup>**</sup> _p_ < 0.05,<sup>***</sup> _p_ < 0.01. (4) Population density is measured as population per square kilometer. (5) Prices are reported in 1998 constant US dollars and are in logarithmic form. (6) Growth, Spatial Gini, and Sen Index are measured using lights data as described in the data section. (7) Fixed effects include time-fixed effects, district-fixed effects, and country-year-fixed effects. (8) Climate is measured using the standard deviation of rainfall distribution at the district level. Source: Authors' estimations 30