registries) and registering property (property and land registries, etc.). All these instruments are equally widespread and used in over two-thirds of economies globally.

The source and frequency of financing a Reform Committees are also important elements of its organizational structure. In terms of the frequency of financing, in close to half of all committees the funding is allocated on an annual basis to support ongoing reform efforts. Financing of the reform committees on a three or five-year basis is rare, and can be observed in Canada, Denmark, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan (three-year basis) and in Angola, Benin and Singapore (five-year basis). Notably, some economies allocate funding on a ‘needs basis’, such as West Bank and Gaza and Türkiye, whereas some other economies do not provide any financing to the reform committees.

With respect to the sources of funding, our results show that two sources are observed consistently across all income groups, namely (a) funding from the entity where the committee is housed and (b) from an independent government budget. The utilization of other sources of funding differs across income groups. For instance, in a few high- and upper middle-income economies the work of the committee is compensated neither fully nor partially. For example, in Malaysia and Greece, the committees are not financed. In Jamaica, the work of the Committee is voluntary, while the Secretariat is housed in the Jamaica Promotions Corporation and is financed by the central government. Similarly in Hungary, the Council does not have its own finance and the members do not get any compensation for work, but the Ministry of Finance organizes the events.

In low- and lower middle- income economies, funding and assistance from donor agencies plays a notably more prominent role compared to funding from other sources. In Moldova, for instance, the Secretariat of the Economic Council to the Prime Minister is supported by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the UK Government's Good Governance Fund, and the International Finance Corporation. In the same vein, the IFC Advisory team provides technical assistance to the respective implementing agency of Ethiopia in terms of conducting diagnostics, benchmarking best practices, providing expertise, and training. <mark>Globally, in the vast majority of economies the work agenda is determined and updated regularly across different income groups. The updates usually take place monthly, every 3 to 6 months or on an ad-hoc basis.</mark> In many economies, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are critical (key) indicators of progress toward an intended result; they can help monitor progress and identify bottlenecks. Institutional structures, including reform committees, can have measurable goals for their work through KPIs. In most economies globally, committees have measurable goals or key performance indicators (KPIs) to be attained. In fact, all reform committees in South Asia and MENA have measurable goals (KPIs) to be attained. Interestingly, however, only close to half of all committees in high income-OECD economies have KPIs (Figure 8).

Figure 8: _Key Performance Indicators_ 16