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larger municipalities such as Yangon and Mandelay which were granted budgetary autonomy. Estimate of employment in these cities is approximately 17,000 people. Military employment data do not include people assigned in paramilitary units, e.g., the People's Police Force (50,000 people), the People's Militia (35,000), and the People's Pearl and Fishery Ministry.

Wages and Salaries of Union Government (Central Government) are from IMF Report No. SMI95/270 of October 16, 1995 and refer to 1993.

Nepal

# Military employment data do not include paramilitary personnel, e.g., the police force (28,000 people).

Pakistan Unemployment rate is from CIA Factbook 1995 and relates to 1990/91. Data on paid employment in nonagricultural activities are taken from the ILO's Yearbook of Labor Statistics 1995 and are for 1994. Central, Non-Central, Education and Health employment estimates are taken from Public Expenditure Review of October 30, 1992 and relate to 1990. Military employment data do not include paramilitary units, e.g., the National Guard (185,000 people), the Frontier Corps and the Pakistan Rangers, under the control of the Ministry of the Interior (35,000 people for each of these two corps), the Maritime Security Agency and the Coast Guard. Data on wages and salaries for Central Government (in this case, the federal Government) are taken from the Public Expenditure Review of October 30,1992 and relate to 1990. GDP at market price estimate is from the Government of Pakistan's Economic Survey, 1995-1996 and relates to 1990.

# Philippines

Population and Labor Force drawn from Public Expenditure Management for Sustained and Equitable Growth (pg. 56) and refer to 1995. Unemployment figure, for 1994, is from CIA Factbook 1995. Data on paid employment in non-agricultural activities are taken from the ILO's Yearbook of Labor Statistics 1995 and is for 1990. Local Govemment figures are from Civil Service Reform in the Philippines (David Stiedman), p. 44, and data are for December 31, 1994. It includes permanent and non-permanent staff. Health figure includes both those personnel still working for the National Govemment in Health and also those devolved to local governments. Military employment data do not include personnel enrolled in paramilitary units, e.g., Philippine National Police (40,500), whose responsibility is divided between Local Government and the Ministry of Interior, the Coast Guard (2,000) and the Citizen Armed Force Geographical units (CAFGU), a part-time militia which can be called up for extended periods (60,000).

GDP and Consolidated Central Government wages and salaries are for 1993 and are taken from IMF Government Finance Statistics Yearbook, 1995. Data on wages in manufacturing is taken from the united Nations' Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 1995 and refer to 1990.

Singapore Data on paid employment in non-agricultural activities are taken from the ILO's Yearbook of Labor Statistics 1995 and are for 1994. Numbers relating to Central, Local, Education and Health employment are drawn from Singapore Statistical Office web page, off the Intemet, and relate to 1994. Military employment data include conscripts (33,800). GDP and Consolidated Central Government wages and salaries are for 1992 and are taken from IMF Government Finance Statistics Yearbook, 1995.

# Solomon Islands

GDP is from the UN Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific. 1995 and is for 1991._Wages and Salaries of Consolidated Central Government are from IMF Government Finance Statistics Yearbook 1995 and are for 1991.

Sri Lanka Data on unemployment rate and number of unemployed people are drawn from Unemplovment in Sri Lanka: sources and solutions. IDP 154 of 07/01/95 and relate to 1993. Population refers to all 9 provinces, while labor force, employment and unemployment do not include the Northem and Eastern provinces. Data on paid employment in non-agricultural activities are taken from the ILO's Yearbook of Labor Statistics 1995 and are for 1994.

Central govemment, Non central govemment, Education and Health employment are taken from the Public Expenditure Review of December 22, 1993 and relate to 1992. Several Central govemment agencies under the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs are responsible for formulating general education policy and some aspect of administration. Since 1987, however, most of the administration of the education system has been delegated to the Provincial Directorates of Education which set and implement provincial policies within national guidelines. A large proportion of provincial expenditures is for the salaries of teaching and non- teaching staff. Accordingly education employment is subtracted to non-central govemment category. Provincial administrations are financed through a Block Grant that the Central Govemment gives to Provincial Govemments. Higher education is financed through a Central Govemment annual Block grant to cover about 95% of recurrent and capital allocations. Since 1990, health services have also been decentralized. They are also being financed through block grants of the central government; they are, however, under the institutional authority of the provincial governments. Military employment data are include recalled reservists, but do not include paramilitary units, such