Table 4. Treatment Effects on Attitudes toward Venezuelan Forced Migrants

||Migrants Put Effort|Same<br>Job Opportunity|Acceptance|Government<br>Must Help|Increase<br>Gov. Spending|Attitudes<br>Index|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
||(1)|(2)|(3)|(4)|(5)|(6)|
|_Panel A. Treatment Effects_|||||||
|Game [=1]|0.089***|0.048|0.079|0.299***|0.413***|0.334***|
||(0.031)|(0.041)|(0.081)|(0.082)|(0.081)|(0.079)|
||[0.005]|[0.151]|[0.172]|[0.001]|[0.001]||
|Video [=1]|0.105***|0.017|0.095|0.266***|0.453***|0.332***|
||(0.031)|(0.044)|(0.084)|(0.091)|(0.086)|(0.085)|
||[0.002]|[0.395]|[0.151]|[0.005]|[0.001]||
|Observations|826|826|827|827|827|827|
|Av. Dep. Var. (Control group)|0.793|0.558|0.000|0.000|0.000|-0.000|
|Diff. p-value|0.550|0.462|0.849|0.708|0.628|0.987|
|YWYjoint test|0.002|0.361|0.410|0.003|0.000||
|_Panel B. Treatment Effects by Dur_|_ation in Minutes_||||||
|Game Duration|0.003***|0.002|0.004|0.011***|0.014***|0.012***|
||(0.001)|(0.001)|(0.003)|(0.003)|(0.003)|(0.003)|
||[0.008]|[0.071]|[0.095]|[0.001]|[0.001]||
|Video Duration|0.015***|0.003|0.017|0.041***|0.068***|0.051***|
||(0.005)|(0.007)|(0.013)|(0.014)|(0.013)|(0.013)|
||[0.003]|[0.229]|[0.095]|[0.005]|[0.001]||
|Observations|826|826|827|827|827|827|
|Av. Dep. Var. (Control group)|0.793|0.558|0.000|0.000|0.000|0.000|
|Diff. p-value|0.004|0.842|0.272|0.020|0.000|0.001|
|YWYjoint test|0.007|0.183|0.302|0.002|0.000||

_Notes:_ This table presents OLS estimates derived from Equation 1. The dependent variables are (i) Migrants Put Effort: indicator equals 1 for respondents who attribute the poverty of Venezuelan migrants in Colombia primarily to circumstances beyond their control. (ii) Same Job Opportunity: indicator equals 1 for respondents agreeing that Venezuelan immigrants should have equal job opportunities in Colombia. (iii) Acceptance: Z-scored variable from a scale ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree) on the statement, “Colombians have the right to exclude Venezuelan immigrants from their neighborhoods.” (iv) Government Must Help: Z-scored variable from a scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) on the statement, “The Colombian government is obligated to help Venezuelan immigrants.” (v) Increase Gov. Spending: Z-scored variable from a scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) on the statement, “I would vote for a policy to increase government spending to assist Venezuelan immigrants.” (vi) Attitudes Index is constructed using dependent variables of columns (1) to (5) using the methodology of Kling, Liebman and Katz (2007). It implies standardizing each variable within the index, calculating the average, and standardizing this average using the mean of the control group. All regressions control for gender and student status, the stratification variables. Robust standard errors are reported in parentheses, and False Discovery Rate (FDR) q-values are reported in brackets. Av. Dep. Var. (Control group) represents the mean of the dependent variable in the control group. The Diff. p-value is a Wald test of equality of coefficients between the game treatment and video treatment. YWY denotes the sharpened FDR q-values. Significance levels are indicated as<sup>_∗∗∗_</sup> at 1%,<sup>_∗∗_</sup> at 5%,<sup>_∗_</sup> at 10%.