**Appendix Table A2: Estimates of Ω, the CET Elasticities**

|**Country**||**Estimat**|**e and test**|||||**Model**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||**NOB**||**Lag**|||
||**Ω**|**Standard**<br>**Error**|**t-**<br>**statistic**|**afte**<br>**r adj**|**Method**|<br>**interval**<br>**in VEC**|**C and trend**<br>**structure in VEC**|**Additional specifications**|
|Central African Rep.|0.353|0.170|2.080|49|LIML|||C as extra var; insts=eshare, T|
|Chad|0.696|0.154|4.525|46|VEC|1,2|C,T in CE,VAR|xgr exogenous in CE,VAR|
|Chile|0.837|0.306|2.734|46|VEC|1,2|C in CE, VAR|reduced eq of export system|
|China|0.554|0.248|2.239|45|VEC|1,3||reduced eq of export system; eshare exogenous in CE|
|Colombia|0.502|0.132|3.806|48|GMM|||egr, ar(1) as extra vars; insts= eshare, global demand<br>ratio|
|Comoros|0.698|0.110|6.349|38|FMOLS|||deterministic regressors= xgr, M/D ratio; additional<br>deterministic variable=dummy after 2007|
|Congo, Dem. Rep.|0.503|0.245|56.713|49|GMM|||C, T as extra vars; insts=eshare, global price ratio|
|Congo, Rep.|0.334|0.074|4.487|48|FMOLS|||deterministic regressors= C, global demand and price<br>ratios; additional deterministic regressors= T, eshare|
|Cook Islands|1.036|0.474|2.185|46|GMM|||ar(1), dummy after 1999 as extra vars; insts= eshare,<br>global demand and price ratios|
|Costa Rica|0.416|0.132|3.158|48|FMOLS|||reduced eq of export system; CE deterministic regressor=<br>C; additional deterministic regressors= T, T^2|
|Cote d'Ivoire|0.426|0.127|3.353|46|VEC|1,2|C in CE|global demand and price ratios exogenous in VAR|
|Croatia|0.929|0.261|3.559|21|VEC|1,2|C, T in CE, VAR|xgr as extra endogenous var; global demand ratio<br>exogenous in VAR|
|Cuba|0.892|0.401|2.226|45|VEC|1,3||eshare exogenous in VAR|
|Cyprus|1.327|0.538|2.465|43|GMM|||C, ar(1) as extra vars; inst= eshare|
|Czech Rep.|1.351|0.443|3.052|28|GMM|||C, ar(1) as extra vars; inst= eshare|
|Denmark|1.563|0.353|4.431|44|VEC|1,4|C, T in CE; C in VAR|global demand and price ratios exogenous in CE, VAR; lyx<br>exogenous in VAR|
|Djibouti|0.699|0.368|1.900*|47|GMM|||<br>ar(1), ma(1), egr, lyx as extra vars; insts= eshare, T^2,<br>dummy 2000 and after|
|Dominican Rep.|0.915|0.302|3.034|44|VEC|1,4||xgr exogenous in CE; eshare exogenous in VAR; dummy<br>after 1988 exogenous in CE,VAR|
|Ecuador|0.521|0.521|1.990*|48|GMM|||C, T, xgr, ar(1) as extra vars; insts=eshare and global<br>demand ratio|
|Egypt, Arab Rep.|0.703|0.241|2.916|48|GMM|||egr, ar(1) as extra vars; insts= eshare, T, global demand<br>ratio|
|El Salvador|0.726|0.327|2.220|48|GMM|||exgr, ar(1) as extra vars; insts= eshare, mshare|
|Equatorial Guinea|0.493|0.167|2.951|36|FMOLS|||C as CE deterministic regressor; T as additional<br>deterministic regressor|
|Eritrea|0.550|0.175|3.143|26|VEC|1,2|C in CE|reduced eq of export system; xgr exogenous in CE|
|Estonia|1.706|0.511|3.337|23|VEC|1,2|C, T in CE; C in VAR|reduced eq of export system|
|Eswatini|0.516|0.092|5.627|44|VEC|1,4|C, T in CE; C in VAR|xgr exogeous in CE; global demand and price ratios<br>exogenous in VAR|
|Ethiopia|0.390|0.167|2.332|24|VEC|1,4|C, T in CE; C in VAR|<br>global demand and price ratios exogenous in VAR|
|Fiji|0.389|0.149|2.621|45|VEC|1,3|C,T in CE; C in VAR|global demand and price ratios exogenous in VAR|
|Finland|1.635|0.270|6.054|48|GMM|||C, dummy for 2000 and after, ar(1) as extra vars; inst=<br>eshare|
|France|2.488|1.035|2.403|46|VEC|1,2||lyx exogenous in CE; eshare exogenous in VAR|
|French Polynesia|0.899|1.405|0.640*|47|GMM|||ar(1), ma(1). T, xgr as extra vars; insts= eshare, mshare|
|Gabon|0.275|0.118|2.325|48|GMM|||ar(1) as extra var; inst= eshare|
|Gambia, The|0.261|0.055|4.753|46|VEC|1,2|C in CE, VAR|global demand and price ratios exogenous in VAR|
|Georgia|0.448|0.085|5.252|26|GMM|||C, egr, ar(1), ma(1) as extra vars; insts= eshare, mshare|

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