paragraph_text: With Japanese and Allied forces occupying various parts of the island, over the following six months both sides poured resources into an escalating battle of attrition on land, at sea, and in the sky. Most of the Japanese aircraft based in the South Pacific were redeployed to the defense of Guadalcanal. Many were lost in numerous engagements with the Allied air forces based at Henderson Field as well as carrier based aircraft. Meanwhile, Japanese ground forces launched repeated attacks on heavily defended US positions around Henderson Field, in which they suffered appalling casualties. To sustain these offensives, resupply was carried out by Japanese convoys, termed the "Tokyo Express" by the Allies. The convoys often faced night battles with enemy naval forces in which they expended destroyers that the IJN could ill-afford to lose. Later fleet battles involving heavier ships and even daytime carrier battles resulted in a stretch of water near Guadalcanal becoming known as "Ironbottom Sound" from the multitude of ships sunk on both sides. However, the Allies were much better able to replace these losses. Finally recognizing that the campaign to recapture Henderson Field and secure Guadalcanal had simply become too costly to continue, the Japanese evacuated the island and withdrew in February 1943. In the sixth month war of attrition, the Japanese had lost as a result of failing to commit enough forces in sufficient time.

paragraph_text: Menkheperre, son of Pharaoh Pinedjem I by wife Duathathor-Henuttawy (daughter of Ramesses XI by wife Tentamon), was the High Priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt from 1045 BC to 992 BC and "de facto" ruler of the south of the country.

paragraph_text: The Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan was a short-lived country that was formed in 1958 from the union of Iraq and Jordan. Although the name implies a federal structure, it was "de facto" a confederation.

paragraph_text: Chota (also spelled Chote, Echota, Itsati, and other similar variations) is a historic Overhill Cherokee town site in Monroe County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. Developing after nearby Tanasi, from the late 1740s until 1788 Chota was the most important of the Overhill towns, replacing Tanasi as the "de facto" capital of the Cherokee people.

paragraph_text: Country / Territory Status Population (2014) Regulatory body More information Mexico De facto 120,286,655 Academia Mexicana de la Lengua Mexican Spanish Colombia De jure 48,400,388 Academia Colombiana de la Lengua Colombian Spanish Spain De jure 47,737,941 Real Academia Española Peninsular Spanish Argentina De facto 43,024,374 Academia Argentina de Letras Rioplatense Spanish Peru De jure 30,147,935 Academia Peruana de la Lengua Peruvian Coast Spanish Venezuela De jure 28,868,486 Academia Venezolana de la Lengua Venezuelan Spanish Chile De facto 17,363,894 Academia Chilena de la Lengua Chilean Spanish Ecuador De jure 15,654,411 Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua Ecuadorian Spanish Guatemala De jure 14,647,083 Academia Guatemalteca de la Lengua Guatemalan Spanish Cuba De jure 11,047,251 Academia Cubana de la Lengua Cuban Spanish Bolivia De jure 10,631,486 Academia Boliviana de la Lengua Bolivian Spanish Dominican Republic De jure 10,349,741 Academia Dominicana de la Lengua Dominican Spanish Honduras De jure 8,598,561 Academia Hondureña de la Lengua Honduran Spanish Paraguay De jure 6,703,860 Academia Paraguaya de la Lengua Española Paraguayan Spanish El Salvador De jure 6,125,512 Academia Salvadoreña de la Lengua Salvadoran Spanish Nicaragua De facto 5,848,641 Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua Nicaraguan Spanish Costa Rica De jure 4,755,234 Academia Costarricense de la Lengua Costa Rican Spanish Puerto Rico De jure 3,620,897 Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española Puerto Rican Spanish Panama De jure 3,608,431 Academia Panameña de la Lengua Panamanian Spanish Uruguay De facto 3,332,972 Academia Nacional de Letras Uruguayan Spanish Equatorial Guinea De jure 1,722,254 Academia Ecuatoguineana de la Lengua Española Equatoguinean Spanish Total 541,302,353 Association of Spanish Language Academies

paragraph_text: The mass shooting occurred between 10: 05 and 10: 15 p.m. PDT on October 1, 2017, which was the third and final night of the festival. When the shooting began, country music singer Jason Aldean was giving the closing performance.

paragraph_text: Nikolai Aleksandrovich Uglanov (1886–1937) was a Russian Bolshevik politician who played an important role in the government of the Soviet Union as a Communist Party leader in the city of Moscow during the 1920s. Uglanov was closely associated with the so-called "Right Deviation" associated with Soviet party leader Nikolai Bukharin and he fell from his leadership position during the mass collectivization campaign of 1929. Uglanov was arrested in the summer of 1936 and was executed the following spring during the secret police terror of 1937–38.

paragraph_text: Eritrea is a multilingual country. The nation has no official language, as the Constitution establishes the "equality of all Eritrean languages". However, Tigrinya serves as the de facto language of national identity. With 2,540,000 total speakers of a population of 5,254,000 in 2006, Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language, particularly in the southern and central parts of Eritrea. Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields. Italian, the former colonial language, is widely used in commerce and is taught as a second language in schools, with a few elderly monolinguals.

paragraph_text: In the instance when the Presidency and both Houses of Congress are controlled by one party, the Speaker normally assumes a lower profile and defers to the President. For that situation the House Minority Leader can play the role of a de facto "leader of the opposition", often more so than the Senate Minority Leader, due to the more partisan nature of the House and the greater role of leadership. Minority Leaders who have played prominent roles in opposing the incumbent President have included Gerald Ford, Richard Gephardt, Nancy Pelosi, and John Boehner.

paragraph_text: Singer consolidated enough patents in the field to enable him to engage in mass production, and by 1860, his company was the largest manufacturer of sewing machines in the world. In 1885, Singer produced its first ``vibrating shuttle ''sewing machine, an improvement over contemporary transverse shuttle designs; (see bobbin drivers). Singer began to market its machines internationally in 1855 and won first prize at the Paris World's Fair. The company demonstrated the first workable electric sewing machine at the Philadelphia electric exhibition in 1889 and began mass - producing domestic electric machines in 1910. Singer was also a marketing innovator and was a pioneer in promoting the use of installment payment plans.

paragraph_text: The Mini E was a demonstration electric car developed by BMW as a conversion of its Mini Cooper car. The MINI E was developed for field trials and deployed in several countries, including the United States, Germany, UK, France, Japan and China. The field testing of the Mini E was part of BMW Project i, which was followed in January 2012 by a similar trial with the BMW ActiveE, and the last phase of project was the development of the BMW i3 urban electric car, that went into mass production in 2013. In 2019 BMW announced that the mass market Mini Electric will go in to production.

paragraph_text: On 6 April the Committee of Public Safety was created, which gradually became the de facto war - time government.

paragraph_text: The concept of mass conservation is widely used in many fields such as chemistry, mechanics, and fluid dynamics. Historically, mass conservation was discovered in chemical reactions by Antoine Lavoisier in the late 18th century, and was of crucial importance in the progress from alchemy to the modern natural science of chemistry.

paragraph_text: Under the 1977 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government and the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state. The office of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was comparable to a prime minister in the First World, whereas the office of the Chairman of the Presidium was comparable to a president in the First World. In the Soviet Union's seventy - year history there was no official leader of the Soviet Union office, but during most of that era there was a de facto top leader who usually led the country through the office of the Premier or the office of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). In the ideology of Vladimir Lenin the head of the Soviet state was a collegiate body of the vanguard party (see What Is to Be Done?).

paragraph_text: This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands.

paragraph_text: The Nissan Leaf, introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, became the first modern all - electric, zero tailpipe emission five door family hatchback to be produced for the mass market from a major manufacturer. As of January 2013, the Leaf is also available in Australia, Canada and 17 European countries.

paragraph_text: The crisis reduced the demand for large cars. Japanese imports, primarily the Toyota Corona, the Toyota Corolla, the Datsun B210, the Datsun 510, the Honda Civic, the Mitsubishi Galant (a captive import from Chrysler sold as the Dodge Colt), the Subaru DL, and later the Honda Accord all had four cylinder engines that were more fuel efficient than the typical American V8 and six cylinder engines. Japanese imports became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive, which became de facto standards.

paragraph_text: Leader of the Conservative Party Incumbent Theresa May since 11 July 2016 Inaugural holder Robert Peel (de facto) Bonar Law (de jure) Formation 1834 (de facto) 1922 (de jure)

paragraph_text: Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.

paragraph_text: Ilze Jaunalksne (born November 19, 1976 in Jūrmala) is a Latvian journalist and was an anchor for the current affairs program "De Facto." In March 2006 on "De Facto", she broke the story of Latvian national political leaders from various different parties buying votes. Her reporting on this caused a minister to be forced to resign, and some high-ranking political figures to be indicted. In retaliation, her phone was illegally tapped and transcripts of her conversations released to the media by her opponents in the government.

Question: When did the country, whose cars would eventually become the mass market leaders, give up trying to take Henderson Field in WWII.
Answer: February 1943