paragraph_text: Born in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, she was part of Team Schmirler, the women's curling team that won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics. This team is the only 3-time winner of the World Curling Championship (1993, 1994, 1997). After Sandra died, she remained in the team, now skipped by Jan Betker for whom she currently plays. She curls out of the Caledonia Curling Club in Regina, Saskatchewan and works as a systems analyst for The Co-operators.

paragraph_text: Lee Hwa Sook is a South Korean paralympic archer. She won the gold medal at the Women's individual recurve - Standing event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing.

paragraph_text: Stephanie Brown Trafton (born December 1, 1979) is an American track and field athlete who won the discus throwing gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She is thus one of only two American women to have ever won the event, and the only one since the Great Depression.

paragraph_text: Mariela González Torres (born 5 April 1974) is a female marathon runner from Cuba, who won the gold medal in the women's marathon at the 2007 Pan American Games. She represented her native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, finishing in 59th place.

paragraph_text: Florin Nebunu (born April 21, 1987, in Bucharest, Romania) is a Romanian aerobic gymnast. He won three world championships medals (one gold, one silver, and one bronze) and two European championships medals (one gold and one bronze).

paragraph_text: Rachel Morris (born on 25 April 1979) is a British Paralympic sportswoman who has won Paralympic gold medals in both cycling and rowing. She took a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics as a handcyclist, and eight years later at Rio she won gold in the women's single sculls as a rower. She lost both her legs to Complex regional pain syndrome and cycles, in part, to manage the pain. She was born in Guildford, Surrey.

paragraph_text: Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population at the time, emigrated to North America, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million Swedish Americans according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate. In Canada, the community of Swedish ancestry is 330,000 strong.There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,193,089 (31.5%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a foreign background in 2017, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. The most common countries of origin were Syria (1.70%), Finland (1.49%), Iraq (1.39%), Poland (0.90%), Iran (0.73%) and Somalia (0.66%).  Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years.

paragraph_text: Paul Pustovar (born December 17, 1951 in Chisholm, Minnesota) is an American curler from Hibbing, Minnesota. He is one of the most prolific curlers from the United States, with over thirty years of experience. He has earned two bronze medals at the World Curling Championships and has earned five gold medals, four silver medals, and one bronze medal in the twenty-five national championships that he has participated in. He is also a former world senior champion.

paragraph_text: The Quran and Muhammad talked about racial equality and justice as in The Farewell Sermon. Tribal and nationalistic differences were discouraged. But after Muhammad's passing, the old tribal differences between the Arabs started to resurface. Following the Roman–Persian Wars and the Byzantine–Sassanid Wars, deep rooted differences between Iraq, formally under the Persian Sassanid Empire, and Syria, formally under the Byzantine Empire, also existed. Each wanted the capital of the newly established Islamic State to be in their area. Previously, the second caliph Umar was very firm on the governors and his spies kept an eye on them. If he felt that a governor or a commander was becoming attracted to wealth, he had him removed from his position.

paragraph_text: Carole Rouillard (born March 15, 1960 in Montreal, Quebec) is a retired long-distance runner from Canada, who represented her country twice in the women's 10,000 metres at the Summer Olympics, starting in 1988 (Seoul, South Korea). She won the gold medal in the women's marathon at the 1994 Commonwealth Games.

paragraph_text: Following the United States - led boycott of the Moscow Olympics, the Soviet Union and some of its allies responded by boycotting the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, citing security concerns. The United States won its first medals in volleyball at the Los Angeles Games: a gold in the men's competition, and a silver in the women's. The People's Republic of China won the gold medal in the women's competition in Los Angeles, their first time participating in an Olympic volleyball competition. The United States successfully defended their men's gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, and Peru won their only medal in volleyball, a silver in the women's competition. The Soviet Union won a silver medal in the men's competition and a gold in the women's at what would be their final Olympics. Following the 1990 -- 91 breakup of the Soviet Union, 12 of the 15 newly independent countries competed together as the Unified Team in Barcelona. In the women's competition, the Unified Team won the silver medal, and Cuba won their first of three consecutive gold medals. In the men's competition, Brazil won its first gold medal, and the Netherlands its first overall medal in the sport.

paragraph_text: She was born on 23 May 1968 in Merredin, Western Australia. She won two gold medals at the 1996 Atlanta Games in the Women's Individual Pursuit Tandem open and Women's Kilo Tandem open events with Teresa Poole, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. In 2000, she received an Australian Sports Medal.

paragraph_text: Julius Lenhart (November 27, 1875 in Vienna – November 10, 1962 in Vienna) was an Austrian gymnast who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He won two gold medals and one silver medal, making him the most successful Austrian competitor ever at the Summer Olympic Games.

paragraph_text: Games Gold Silver Bronze 1998 Nagano details Canada (CAN) Sandra Schmirler Jan Betker Joan McCusker Marcia Gudereit Atina Ford Denmark (DEN) Helena Blach Lavrsen Margit Pörtner Dorthe Holm Trine Qvist Jane Bidstrup Sweden (SWE) Elisabet Gustafson Katarina Nyberg Louise Marmont Elisabeth Persson Margaretha Lindahl 2002 Salt Lake City details Great Britain (GBR) Rhona Martin Deborah Knox Fiona MacDonald Janice Rankin Margaret Morton Switzerland (SUI) Luzia Ebnöther Mirjam Ott Tanya Frei Laurence Bidaud Nadia Röthlisberger Canada (CAN) Kelley Law Julie Skinner Georgina Wheatcroft Diane Nelson Cheryl Noble 2006 Turin details Sweden (SWE) Anette Norberg Eva Lund Cathrine Lindahl Anna Svärd Ulrika Bergman Switzerland (SUI) Mirjam Ott Binia Beeli Valeria Spälty Michèle Moser Manuela Kormann Canada (CAN) Shannon Kleibrink Amy Nixon Glenys Bakker Christine Keshen Sandra Jenkins 2010 Vancouver details Sweden (SWE) Anette Norberg Eva Lund Cathrine Lindahl Anna Le Moine Kajsa Bergström Canada (CAN) Cheryl Bernard Susan O'Connor Carolyn Darbyshire Cori Bartel Kristie Moore China (CHN) Wang Bingyu Liu Yin Yue Qingshuang Zhou Yan Liu Jinli 2014 Sochi details Canada (CAN) Jennifer Jones Kaitlyn Lawes Jill Officer Dawn McEwen Kirsten Wall Sweden (SWE) Margaretha Sigfridsson Maria Prytz Christina Bertrup Maria Wennerström Agnes Knochenhauer Great Britain (GBR) Eve Muirhead Anna Sloan Vicki Adams Claire Hamilton Lauren Gray 2018 Pyeongchang details Sweden (SWE) Anna Hasselborg Sara McManus Agnes Knochenhauer Sofia Mabergs Jennie Wåhlin South Korea (KOR) Kim Eun - jung Kim Kyeong - ae Kim Seon - yeong Kim Yeong - mi Kim Cho - hi Japan (JPN) Satsuki Fujisawa Chinami Yoshida Yumi Suzuki Yurika Yoshida Mari Motohashi

paragraph_text: The curling competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 8 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. This was the seventh time that curling is on the Olympic program. In each of the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. As decided in 2015, a third competition, mixed doubles curling, has graduated from a spectator sport to a full medal competition. Teams consisted of one woman and one man. There were eight participating countries in the mixed competition.

paragraph_text: Sarah Bowen, OAM(born 15 April 1984) is an Australian Paralympic swimmer. She was born in Geelong with achondroplasia dwarfism. She competed in four events at the 2004 Athens Games and won a gold medal in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB6 event, for which she received a Medal of the Order of Australia. At the 2008 Beijing Games, she competed in three events and won a silver medal in the Women's 100m Breaststroke SB6 event.

paragraph_text: Molinari Delicatessen is a delicatessen in San Francisco, California's North Beach, established in 1896, making it one of the oldest delis in the United States. They make their own brand of salami, as P.G. Molinari and Sons, Inc, which is sold nationwide, and which won a gold medal award in Italy.

paragraph_text: Athletes from 26 NOCs won at least one medal, and athletes from 19 of these NOCs secured at least one gold. For the first time, Canada won a gold medal at an Olympic Games it hosted, having failed to do so at both the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. In contrast to the lack of gold medals at these previous Olympics, the Canadian team finished first overall in gold medal wins, and became the first host nation -- since Norway in 1952 -- to lead the gold medal count, with 14 medals. In doing so, it also broke the record for the most gold medals won by a NOC at a single Winter Olympics (the previous was 13, set by the Soviet Union in 1976 and matched by Norway in 2002). The United States placed first in total medals -- its second time doing so in a Winter Games -- and set a new record for most medals won by a NOC at a single Winter Olympics, with 37 (the previous record was 36, established by Germany in 2002). Athletes from Slovakia and Belarus won the first Winter Olympic gold medals for their nations.

paragraph_text: Athletes from 87 countries won medals, leaving 115 countries without a medal, and 54 of them won at least one gold medal. Both of these categories set new records until surpassed in 2016. Athletes from China won the most gold medals, with 48 gold medals. Athletes from the United States won the most total medals, with 111. Afghanistan, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo won their first Olympic medals. Athletes from Mongolia (which previously held the record for most medals without a gold) and Panama won their first gold medals. Serbian swimmer Milorad Čavić won the first medal for the country as an independent NOC. Serbian athletes have previously won medals as nationals of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. Samoa won its first Olympic medal due to medals reallocation after 2016 wave of doping samples retesting.

paragraph_text: Brentjens won a gold medal for mountain biking in the 1996 Summer Olympics, the first to recognize cross-country mountain biking as an event. He followed this with bronze in the 2004 Summer Olympics. Previously he won gold at the 1995 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships. In 2007 he became 10th time Dutch National champion

Question: Who ruled the country that makes up foreign inhabitants of the country who won the women's gold medal curling before it was conquered by followers of Muhammad?
Answer: Byzantine Empire