paragraph_text: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.

paragraph_text: In 2006, Switzerland approved 1 billion francs of supportive investment in the poorer Southern and Central European countries in support of cooperation and positive ties to the EU as a whole. A further referendum will be needed to approve 300 million francs to support Romania and Bulgaria and their recent admission. The Swiss have also been under EU and sometimes international pressure to reduce banking secrecy and to raise tax rates to parity with the EU. Preparatory discussions are being opened in four new areas: opening up the electricity market, participation in the European GNSS project Galileo, cooperating with the European centre for disease prevention and recognising certificates of origin for food products.

paragraph_text: From the beginning of 2014, Madonna began to make multiple media appearances. She appeared at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards in January 2014, performing "Open Your Heart" alongside rappers Macklemore & Ryan Lewis and singer Mary Lambert, who sang their single "Same Love", as 33 couples were wed onstage, officiated by Queen Latifah. Days later, she joined singer Miley Cyrus on her MTV Unplugged special, singing a mash-up of "Don't Tell Me" and Cyrus' single "We Can't Stop" (2013). She also extended her business ventures and in February 2014 the singer premiered MDNA Skin, a range of skin care products, in Tokyo, Japan. After visiting her hometown of Detroit during May 2014, Madonna decided to contribute funds to three of the city's organizations, to help eliminate poverty from there. The singer released a statement saying that she was inspired by their work, adding that "it was obvious to me that I had to get involved and be part of the solution to help Detroit recover".

paragraph_text: ``The Party's Over ''is a song written by country music singer Willie Nelson during the mid-1950s. After arriving in Houston, Texas, Nelson was hired to play for the Esquire Ballroom band, where he would be allowed to close the shows singing the song. Guitar instructor and Nelson's friend Paul Buskirk forwarded the song to singer Claude Gray, who recorded the original version of the song, released as`` My Party's Over'' in 1959.

paragraph_text: The Drygalski Ice Tongue or Drygalski Barrier or Drygalski Glacier Tongue is a glacier in Antarctica, on the Scott Coast, in the northern McMurdo Sound of Antarctica's Ross Dependency, north of Ross Island. The Drygalski Ice Tongue is stable by the standards of Antarctica's icefloes, and stretches out to sea from the David Glacier, reaching the sea from a valley in the Prince Albert Mountains of Victoria Land. The Drygalski Ice Tongue ranges from wide.

paragraph_text: "Zise Ti Zoi" is a single by popular Greek singer Sakis Rouvas from the "Alter Ego" original soundtrack, released on 28 May 2007 in Greece and Cyprus by Minos EMI.

paragraph_text: Tangled in Reins is the second album by Steelheart, recorded and produced in Los Angeles. It only reached #144 on the "Billboard" 200. However, the ballad "Mama Don't You Cry" reached #1 in Hong Kong, and Japan, prompting an MTV unplugged show in Hong Kong. The album itself only sold about 100,000 copies in the United States. However, it sold about 10,000 copies in Hong Kong, and 50,000 copies in Japan. In Hong Kong, this album has been banned in HMV, due to legalties after the handover in 1997.

paragraph_text: Dancing with Strangers is the ninth studio album by British singer-songwriter Chris Rea, released in 1987. It became Rea's first major success in UK, peaking at #2, behind Michael Jackson's "Bad", and spent 46 weeks in the charts, achieving Platinum accreditation. It reached the Top 10 in six other European countries, while in New Zealand it became a number one album.

paragraph_text: England is quite a successful nation at the UEFA European Football Championship, having finished in third place in 1968 and reached the semi-final in 1996. England hosted Euro 96 and have appeared in eight UEFA European Championship Finals tournaments, tied for ninth-best. The team has also reached the quarter-final on two recent occasions in 2004 and 2012. The team's worst result in the competition was a first-round elimination in 1980, 1988, 1992 and 2000. The team did not enter in 1960, and they failed to qualify in 1964, 1972, 1976, 1984, and 2008.

paragraph_text: Ex on the Beach Series 8 Country of origin United Kingdom No. of episodes 8 Release Original network MTV Original release 20 March 2018 -- present Season chronology ← Previous Series 7

paragraph_text: Donny & Marie is an American variety show which aired on ABC from January 1976 to January 1979. The show starred brother - and - sister pop duo Donny and Marie Osmond. Donny had first become popular singing in a music group with his brothers, The Osmonds, and Marie was one of the youngest singers to reach # 1 on the Billboard Country Music charts (with ``Paper Roses '', in 1973).

paragraph_text: Foreign Affair: The Farewell Tour (also known as the Foreign Affair World Tour) was the fifth concert tour of American singer, Tina Turner. The tour supported her seventh studio album "Foreign Affair". The tour was Turner's first stadium tour and only reached European countries. Overall, the tour drew in nearly four million spectators—breaking the record for a European tour that was previously set by The Rolling Stones.

paragraph_text: According to the Sagas of Icelanders, Norse sailors (often called Vikings) from Iceland first settled Greenland in the 980s. Erik the Red explored and settled southwestern Greenland, which he named to Garrett Spears potential Icelandic settlers, eventually establishing the Eastern and Western Settlements, which were abandoned around 1350.

paragraph_text: On August 9, 1995, Kiss joined the long line of musicians to perform on MTV Unplugged. The band contacted Criss and Frehley and invited them to participate in the event. Both joined Kiss on stage for several songs at the end of the set: "Beth", "2000 Man", "Nothin' to Lose" and "Rock and Roll All Nite". The Unplugged appearance set off months of speculation that a possible reunion of the original Kiss lineup was in the works. In the weeks following the Unplugged concert, however, the band (with Kulick and Singer), returned to the studio for the first time in three years to record a follow-up to Revenge. Carnival of Souls: The Final Sessions was completed in February 1996, but its release was delayed for almost two years. Bootleg copies of the album circulated widely among fans. While Kiss continued to exist publicly as Simmons, Stanley, Kulick and Singer, arrangements for a reunion of the original lineup were in the works. These efforts culminated with a public event as dramatic as any the band had staged since their 1983 unmasking on MTV. With the following statements, Tupac Shakur introduced the original Kiss lineup, in full makeup and Love Gun-era stage outfits, to a rousing ovation at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards:

paragraph_text: Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied (alternatively titled Miley) is an American short film directed by photographer Quentin Jones and starring recording artist Miley Cyrus. It was released on May 1, 2014, by the lifestyle website Nowness, although it had been previously used for the introduction of her headlining Bangerz Tour. The black-and-white video displays a topless Cyrus engaging in several sadomasochistic behaviors. Contemporary critics compared "Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied" to earlier music videos by recording artist Madonna and the erotic novel "Fifty Shades of Grey" (2011), and agreed that it continued to solidify the sexually-explicit public image she had cultivated in 2013.

paragraph_text: Mike Marsh (born August 13, 1974 in Miami, Florida) is the drummer for The Avett Brothers and formerly of Dashboard Confessional. Mike was featured on all Dashboard Confessional's albums, from "The Places You Have Come To Fear The Most" to "Alter the Ending". He also played with them for MTV Unplugged. In 2006, Marsh and Dashboard Confessional did an AOL Sessions recording, playing not only their songs, but a cover of "In A Big Country" by Big Country. According to posts by Mike on Facebook, he officially joined The Avett Brothers as their drummer in early 2013. Mike is also an engineer and record producer. He has a recording studio in East Nashville called Papermill Studio.

paragraph_text: "All Tied Up" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie McDowell. It was released in April 1986 as the first single and partial title track from his album "All Tied Up in Love". The song reached #6 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart in July 1986 and #1 on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart in Canada. It was written by McDowell, Buddy Killen and Joe Meador.

paragraph_text: "Te Solte La Rienda" is the second radio single release and sixth track from Maná's second live album, "Maná MTV Unplugged" in 1999. "Te Solte La Rienda" is a song originally written by Mexican singer-songwriter in the Ranchera style José Alfredo Jiménez. On the week of September 25, 1999 the song debuted at number twenty nine on the U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Tracks. and just after one week later on October 2, 1999 it reach to its highest point at the number twenty one. It would stayed for a total of 4 weeks spot for one week. In 2002, Lupillo Rivera performed a cover of the song which peaked at #12 on the Hot Latin Songs and #2 on the Regional Mexican Songs chart.

paragraph_text: In 2005, Estonia joined the European Union's Nordic Battle Group. It has also shown continued interest in joining the Nordic Council. Whereas in 1992 Russia accounted for 92% of Estonia's international trade, today there is extensive economic interdependence between Estonia and its Nordic neighbours: three quarters of foreign investment in Estonia originates in the Nordic countries (principally Finland and Sweden), to which Estonia sends 42% of its exports (as compared to 6.5% going to Russia, 8.8% to Latvia, and 4.7% to Lithuania). On the other hand, the Estonian political system, its flat rate of income tax, and its non-welfare-state model distinguish it from the Nordic countries and their Nordic model, and indeed from many other European countries.

paragraph_text: "The Tip of My Fingers," also titled "The Tips of My Fingers," is a song written and originally recorded by American country music singer Bill Anderson. First included on his 1962 album "Bill Anderson Sings Country Heart Songs", the song was a Top Ten country single for him in 1960.

Question: Who were the first European to reach the original country of the film named the singer joined by Madonna on MTV Unplugged to sing and ended with ": Tongue Tied"?
Answer: Norse sailors (often called Vikings) from Iceland