paragraph_text: A performer from an early age and a graduate of the Juilliard School, Christina Courtin released her first, self-titled, album in June 2009 on Nonesuch Records, of which Patrick McKiernan of website allgigs.co.uk stated, "It's nothing short of immense how beautiful this girl's debut album is." She was featured on NPR's World Cafe in 2009. She performs regularly with The Knights, an ensemble founded by fellow Juilliard graduates, brothers Colin and Eric Jacobsen.

paragraph_text: Markham studied at the University of Oxford and taught there for 40 years. He was Fellow and History Tutor at Hertford College, Oxford, from 1931 until 1973 .

paragraph_text: "Make Her Say" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kid Cudi, released as the second single from his debut album "" (2009). The single was digitally released to iTunes on June 9, 2009. It features fellow American rappers Common and Kanye West, the latter of whom also produced the song. The song is perhaps best known for its sample of "Poker Face", as performed by Lady Gaga. The song received a nomination for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 52nd Grammy Awards.

paragraph_text: Born Leora Theresa Spellmeyer in Bonne Terre, Missouri, she began singing on stage as a child, and as a young lady began working in vaudeville where she met and married fellow performer Charles Middleton in 1910. They then teamed up to create a vaudeville act billed as "Middleton and Spellmeyer."

paragraph_text: The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Performance by a Chorus was awarded in 1969 (as Best Contemporary Pop Performance, Chorus) and in 1970. In some years, the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal also included performances by a chorus.

paragraph_text: The story of Shakespeare's Hamlet was derived from the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th - century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum, as subsequently retold by the 16th - century scholar François de Belleforest. Shakespeare may also have drawn on an earlier Elizabethan play known today as the Ur - Hamlet, though some scholars believe he himself wrote the Ur - Hamlet, later revising it to create the version of Hamlet we now have. He almost certainly wrote his version of the title role for his fellow actor, Richard Burbage, the leading tragedian of Shakespeare's time. In the 400 years since its inception, the role has been performed by numerous highly acclaimed actors in each successive century.

paragraph_text: Fellow Hoodlums is the third studio album by the Scottish rock band Deacon Blue, released in 1991. It includes four singles; "Your Swaying Arms", the Top 10 hit "Twist and Shout", "Closing Time" and "Cover from the Sky".

paragraph_text: Krzysztof Michalski was born in Warsaw. He studied philosophy at the University of Warsaw, where he received his Ph.D. in 1974 with a thesis on "Heidegger and Contemporary Philosophy". In 1977, he spent one year in Germany as a Humboldt Fellow, from 1978 onwards he taught philosophy at the University of Warsaw. In 1981/82 he was a Thyssen Fellow at the Heidelberg University and in 1982/1983 a Fellow Commoner of Churchill College at Cambridge. In 1986, he was habilitated for Philosophy at the University of Warsaw with the study "Logic and Time". Since 1986, Michalski has been teaching philosophy at Boston University, since 1994 also at the University of Warsaw.

paragraph_text: He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 1980. He was a fellow of the Chemical Institute of Canada. Bader has received the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship. Bader was elected a Grand Fellow of the MIRCE Akademy, Exeter, UK, in 2010. Over his long career, he published 223 refereed articles and book chapters about chemistry and physics. Bader's works in recent years are cited more than 3000 times per year.

paragraph_text: Colin Peter Mayer is the Peter Moores Professor of Management Studies at the Saïd Business School at the University of Oxford. He was the Peter Moores Dean of the Saïd Business School between 2006 and 2011. He is a fellow of the British Academy, a fellow of the European Corporate Governance Institute, a fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, and a research fellow of the Centre for Economic Policy Research. He is a professorial fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, an honorary fellow of St. Anne's College, Oxford, and an honorary fellow of Oriel College, Oxford. He is an ordinary member of the Competition Appeal Tribunal and a member of the UK government Natural Capital Committee.

paragraph_text: Carlos Zerpa (born 1950 in Valencia, Venezuela), was a 20th-century Latin American painter. He moved to live in Milan in 1973 to study printmaking and photography at the Scuola Cova, and design with Bruno Munari at the Instituto Politécnico. Zerpa was a self-taught painter, by 1974 he was creating installations and performance pieces. He returned to Venezuela in 1980, but spent two years in New York: (1982 to 1984). By 1984 he ceased performing and concentrated on making objects. His work is in many ways autobiographical. It recalls department store displays cases which serve as stages for his homages to the past.

paragraph_text: "Soldier's Plea" is a 1962 single released by singer Marvin Gaye as Tamla 54063, and was the last non-charted early single Marvin released prior to releasing his first hit single, "Stubborn Kind of Fellow", later that year.

paragraph_text: Peter Urlich (born 1956 in Auckland) is a New Zealand musician. He is one of the few New Zealand musicians who has performed both rock and dance music. He is the cousin of fellow New Zealand singer Margaret Urlich.

paragraph_text: Too Romantic is a 1992 dramatic short film that Todd Field created while a fellow at the AFI Conservatory. It was his directorial debut. It is a dramatic piece about a fifteen-year-old boy taking a road trip with his recently widowed grandmother. The piece is notable in that it was Field's first project as a writer/director and his first introduction to many of the collaborators he continued to work with on subsequent projects, including his Academy Award-nominated features "In the Bedroom" and "Little Children".

paragraph_text: ``In Flanders Fields ''is a war poem in the form of a rondeau, written during the First World War by Canadian physician Lieutenant - Colonel John McCrae. He was inspired to write it on May 3, 1915, after presiding over the funeral of friend and fellow soldier Lieutenant Alexis Helmer, who died in the Second Battle of Ypres. According to legend, fellow soldiers retrieved the poem after McCrae, initially dissatisfied with his work, discarded it.`` In Flanders Fields'' was first published on December 8 of that year in the London magazine Punch.

paragraph_text: The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS or the Academy) for the best films and achievements of the previous year. The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films. An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters' performances are created using a frame - by - frame technique, a significant number of the major characters are animated, and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time. The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first awarded in 2002 for films made in 2001.

paragraph_text: 100 Things to Do Before High School is an American comedy television series created by Scott Fellows that aired on Nickelodeon from November 11, 2014 to February 27, 2016. The series stars Isabela Moner, Jaheem King Toombs, Owen Joyner, and Jack De Sena.

paragraph_text: Frank's Place is an American comedy-drama series that aired on CBS for 22 episodes during the 1987-1988 television season. The series was created by Hugh Wilson and executive produced by Wilson and series star and fellow "WKRP in Cincinnati" alumnus Tim Reid.

paragraph_text: Deacon Blue are a Scottish pop rock band formed in Glasgow during 1985. The line-up of the band consists of vocalists Ricky Ross and Lorraine McIntosh, keyboard player James Prime and drummer Dougie Vipond. The band released their debut album, "Raintown", on 1 May 1987 in the United Kingdom and in the United States in February 1988. Their second album, "When the World Knows Your Name" (1989), topped the UK Albums Chart for two weeks, and included "Real Gone Kid" which became their first top ten single in the UK Singles Chart.

paragraph_text: Ramesh Sitaraman received a B.Tech in Electrical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and a Ph.D in computer science from Princeton University. In the past, he helped build Akamai's high-performance network for delivering web and media content and is an Akamai Fellow. Currently, he is at the computer science department at University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Question: In what year was the performer of Fellow Hoodlums formed?
Answer: 1985