paragraph_text: The euro is managed and administered by the Frankfurt-based European Central Bank (ECB) and the Eurosystem (composed of the central banks of the eurozone countries). As an independent central bank, the ECB has sole authority to set monetary policy. The Eurosystem participates in the printing, minting and distribution of notes and coins in all member states, and the operation of the eurozone payment systems.

paragraph_text: The U.S. Constitution provides that Congress shall have the power to "borrow money on the credit of the United States". Congress has exercised that power by authorizing Federal Reserve Banks to issue Federal Reserve Notes. Those notes are "obligations of the United States" and "shall be redeemed in lawful money on demand at the Treasury Department of the United States, in the city of Washington, District of Columbia, or at any Federal Reserve bank". Federal Reserve Notes are designated by law as "legal tender" for the payment of debts. Congress has also authorized the issuance of more than 10 other types of banknotes, including the United States Note and the Federal Reserve Bank Note. The Federal Reserve Note is the only type that remains in circulation since the 1970s.

paragraph_text: The Committee for Economic Development of Australia (CEDA) is a bipartisan, non-profit, national, independent, member-based organisation providing thought leadership and policy perspectives on the economic and social issues affecting Australia.

paragraph_text: The Federal Drug Control Service of the Russian Federation or FSKN (in Russian: Федеральная служба Российской Федерации по контролю за оборотом наркотиков, ФСКН России) was a federal law enforcement agency of executive authority responsible for drafting state policy, legal regulation, control and monitoring in combating trafficking drugs, psychotropic substances, and their precursors. The Federal Drug Control Service of the Russian Federation was specially authorized to address and solve problems relating to traffic in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and their precursors; the Federal Drug Control Service is also authorized to combat the illicit drug trafficking. Commonly was known as The Drugs Police (Наркополиция).

paragraph_text: James Morone (born 1951) is an American political scientist and author, noted for his work on health politics and policy and on popular participation and morality in American politics and political development.

paragraph_text: The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America would be viewed as ``the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. ''At the same time, the doctrine noted that the U.S. would recognize and not interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. The Doctrine was issued on December 2, 1823 at a time when nearly all Latin American colonies of Spain and Portugal had achieved, or were at the point of gaining, independence from the Portuguese and Spanish Empires.

paragraph_text: Andrzej Sławiński (born July 31, 1951 in Warsaw) is a Polish economist and Professor of Economics at the Warsaw School of Economics. He is a member of the Council of Monetary Policies since 2004 and a fellow of Collegium Invisibile.

paragraph_text: In 1970 the country switched its currency from the Bermudian pound to the Bermudian dollar, which is pegged at par with the US dollar. US notes and coins are used interchangeably with Bermudian notes and coins within the islands for most practical purposes; however, banks levy an exchange rate fee for the purchase of US dollars with Bermudian dollars. Bermudian notes carry the image of Queen Elizabeth II. The Bermuda Monetary Authority is the issuing authority for all banknotes and coins, and regulates financial institutions. The Royal Naval Dockyard Museum holds a permanent exhibition of Bermuda notes and coins.

paragraph_text: Lawrence H. White (born November 27, 1954) is an American economics professor at George Mason University who teaches graduate level monetary theory and policy. He is considered an authority on the history and theory of free banking. His writings support the abolition of the Federal Reserve System and the promotion of private and competitive banking.

paragraph_text: John Garrett appears in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. portrayed by Bill Paxton. He is a high - level S.H.I.E.L.D. agent / munitions expert who is a former cohort of Phil Coulson and works alongside Grant Ward and Melinda May. He is revealed to be a high - ranking member of Hydra (known as ``The Clairvoyant '') and the mastermind behind Project Centipede in the episode`` Turn, Turn, Turn''. He is also the first test subject of the Deathlok program. In the episode ``Beginning of the End '', Garrett engaged Coulson in battle who was later assisted by Nick Fury. Thanks to Skye helping to regain control of Mike Peterson, Garrett was badly defeated by Peterson but evades arrest and upgrades himself, however, is then killed by Coulson using the 0 - 8 - 4 weapon.

paragraph_text: The monetary base consists of coins and Federal Reserve Notes in circulation outside the Federal Reserve Banks and the U.S. Treasury, plus deposits held by depository institutions at Federal Reserve Banks. The adjusted monetary base has increased from approximately 400 billion dollars in 1994, to 800 billion in 2005, and over 3000 billion in 2013. The amount of cash in circulation is increased (or decreased) by the actions of the Federal Reserve System. Eight times a year, the 12-person Federal Open Market Committee meet to determine U.S. monetary policy. Every business day, the Federal Reserve System engages in Open market operations to carry out that monetary policy. If the Federal Reserve desires to increase the money supply, it will buy securities (such as U.S. Treasury Bonds) anonymously from banks in exchange for dollars. Conversely, it will sell securities to the banks in exchange for dollars, to take dollars out of circulation.

paragraph_text: Peterson Air and Space Museum is located inside Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado Springs, Colorado. Admission to the museum is free, but access is controlled due to security concerns. The Museum has various aircraft, mainly focusing on the Cold War roles of USAF Air Defense Command (ADC), and Aerospace Defense Command (ADCOM)., and currently, Air Force Space Command (AFSPC).

paragraph_text: The one - child policy, a part of the family planning policy, was a population planning policy of China. It was introduced in 1979 and began to be formally phased out in 2015. The policy allowed exceptions for many groups, including ethnic minorities. In 2007, 36% of China's population was subject to a strict one - child restriction, with an additional 56% being allowed to have a second child if the first child was a girl. Provincial governments imposed fines for violations, and the local and national governments created commissions to raise awareness and carry out registration and inspection work.

paragraph_text: David Franklin Musto (January 8, 1936 – October 8, 2010) was an American expert on U.S. drug policy and the War on Drugs who served as a government adviser on the subject during the Presidency of Jimmy Carter. He wrote extensively on the history of licit and illicit drugs and the process by which many of them were placed under governmental control.

paragraph_text: The Foreign Policy Association (formerly known as the League of Free Nations Association) is a non-profit organization founded in 1918 dedicated to inspiring the American public to learn more about the world. The Foreign Policy Association aims to spread global awareness and understanding of foreign policy issues. Its President is Noel Lateef.

paragraph_text: Social Issues and Policy Review is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues along with "Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy" and the "Journal of Social Issues". The journal was established in 2007. The current editors-in-chief are Samuel L. Gaertner (University of Delaware) and Rupert Brown (University of Sussex). The journal covers social issues and public policy.

paragraph_text: Prior to his inauguration, Eisenhower led a meeting of advisors at Pearl Harbor addressing foremost issues; agreed objectives were to balance the budget during his term, to bring the Korean War to an end, to defend vital interests at lower cost through nuclear deterrent, and to end price and wage controls. Eisenhower also conducted the first pre-inaugural cabinet meeting in history in late 1952; he used this meeting to articulate his anti-communist Russia policy. His inaugural address, as well, was exclusively devoted to foreign policy and included this same philosophy, as well as a commitment to foreign trade and the United Nations.

paragraph_text: Monetary policy concerns the actions of a central bank or other regulatory authorities that determine the size and rate of growth of the money supply. For example, in the United States, the Federal Reserve is in charge of monetary policy, and implements it primarily by performing operations that influence short - term interest rates.

paragraph_text: William McKinley (January 29, 1843 -- September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897 until his assassination in September 1901, six months into his second term. McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War, raised protective tariffs to promote American industry, and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of free silver (effectively, expansionary monetary policy).

paragraph_text: Peterson is considered to be amongst the top authorities on Hispanic Internet culture in the United States. He maintains a presence in a number of IT industry advisory roles. Peterson serves on the Hispanic committee of the Interactive Advertising Bureau in New York City. According to his public biography, he acts as a technology consultant to the Federal government of Mexico.In 2007, a scholarship fund was established at the University of Texas, San Antonio, in Peterson's name.  The fund grants scholarships to Hispanic students pursuing technology related degrees.Peterson, together with former MySpace CEO Richard Rosenblatt and PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel, was reported to be among the founding investors of Vator, with his $250,000 angel investment in the start-up company led by Filipina-American entrepreneur and former CBS Marketwatch lead internet reporter Bambi Francisco in May 2007.

Question: What notes are issued by the controller of monetary policy in the nation Peterson is top authority of a subject in?
Answer: obligations of the United States