paragraph_text: The Cheshire Cat (/ ˈtʃɛʃər / or / ˈtʃɛʃɪər /) is a fictional cat popularised by Lewis Carroll in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and known for its distinctive mischievous grin. While most often celebrated in Alice - related contexts, the Cheshire Cat predates the 1865 novel and has transcended the context of literature and become enmeshed in popular culture, appearing in various forms of media, from political cartoons to television, as well as cross-disciplinary studies, from business to science. One of its distinguishing features is that from time to time its body disappears, the last thing visible being its iconic grin.

paragraph_text: The Jardin botanique de Sedan is a botanical garden and city park located on Philippoteaux Avenue beside the Place d'Alsace-Lorraine, Sedan, Ardennes, Champagne-Ardenne, France. It is open daily without charge.

paragraph_text: Bollinger () is a Champagne house, a producer of sparkling wines from the Champagne region of France. They produce several labels of Champagne under the Bollinger name, including the vintage "Vieilles Vignes Françaises, Grande Année" and "R.D." as well as the non-vintage Special Cuvée. Founded in 1829 in Aÿ by Hennequin de Villermont, Paul Renaudin and Jacques Bollinger the house continues to be run by members of the Bollinger family. In Britain Bollinger Champagnes are affectionately known as "Bolly".

paragraph_text: The Wizard of Lemuria is a fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the first book of his "Thongor series" set on the fictional ancient lost continent of Lemuria. The author's first published novel, it was initially issued in paperback by Ace Books in 1965. The author afterwards revised and expanded the text, in which form it was reissued as Thongor and the Wizard of Lemuria, first published in paperback by Berkley Books in 1969. This retitled and revised edition became the standard edition for later reprintings. The novel was also adapted into comic form, appearing in eight issues of Marvel's "Creatures on the Loose".

paragraph_text: For the next seven years, Schwartz-Nobel traveled the nation, doing similar research in several other cities, including Boston, Washington, and Chicago, and writing articles for local newspapers and magazines in each city. In 1981, she combined her experiences to form her first novel, "Starving in the Shadow of Plenty", in which she outlined the alarmingly destitute living conditions of America's poor families, focusing especially on the difficulty of obtaining food and the ineffectuality of government welfare programs. Her book, as well as a number of economic factors, contributed to a distinct period of awareness of domestic poverty in the United States. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, for example, concluded that "Hunger is increasing at a frenetic pace and the emergency of food available for distribution is quickly depleted."

paragraph_text: Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934

paragraph_text: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.

paragraph_text: Philippa of Champagne, Lady of Ramerupt and Venizy (c. 1197 – 20 December 1250) was the third daughter of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem and Henry II, Count of Champagne. She was the wife of Erard de Brienne-Ramerupt who encouraged her in 1216 to claim the county of Champagne which belonged to her cousin Theobald IV, who was still a minor. This provoked the conflict with Theobald's mother, the Regent, Blanche of Navarre, which erupted into open warfare, and came to be known as the Champagne War of Succession. Blanche's son Theobald, who had the support of King Philip II of France, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eudes III of Burgundy, eventually emerged the victor. Philippa renounced her claim in April 1222, but Theobald was constrained to pay Erard and Philippa a large monetary settlement for his rights to the county.

paragraph_text: The gare de Laifour is a TER railway station in Laifour, France, in the Ardennes département. The station is served by regional trains of the TER Champagne-Ardenne on the line from Charleville-Mézières to Givet. There is no ticket machine.

paragraph_text: Analysis of DNA is consistent with the hypothesis that Sumatran tigers became isolated from other tiger populations after a rise in sea level that occurred at the Pleistocene to Holocene border about 12,000–6,000 years ago. In agreement with this evolutionary history, the Sumatran tiger is genetically isolated from all living mainland tigers, which form a distinct group closely related to each other.

paragraph_text: Literature consists of written productions, often restricted to those deemed to have artistic or intellectual value. Its Latin root literatura/litteratura (derived itself from littera, letter or handwriting) was used to refer to all written accounts, but intertwined with the roman concept of cultura: learning or cultivation. Literature often uses language differently than ordinary language (see literariness). Literature can be classified according to whether it is fiction or non-fiction and whether it is poetry or prose; it can be further distinguished according to major forms such as the novel, short story or drama; and works are often categorised according to historical periods or their adherence to certain aesthetic features or expectations (genre).

paragraph_text: Roman histories and biographies anticipated the extensive mediaeval literature of lives of saints and miraculous chronicles, but the most characteristic form of the Middle Ages was the romance, an adventurous and sometimes magical narrative with strong popular appeal. Controversial, religious, political and instructional literature proliferated during the Renaissance as a result of the invention of printing, while the mediaeval romance developed into a more character-based and psychological form of narrative, the novel, of which early and important examples are the Chinese Monkey and the German Faust books.

paragraph_text: The Cheshire Cat ( or ) is a fictional cat popularised by Lewis Carroll in "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" and known for its distinctive mischievous grin. While most often celebrated in "Alice"-related contexts, the Cheshire Cat predates the 1865 novel and has transcended the context of literature and become enmeshed in popular culture, appearing in various forms of media, from political cartoons to television, as well as cross-disciplinary studies, from business to science. One of its distinguishing features is that from time to time its body disappears, the last thing visible being its iconic grin.

paragraph_text: The genre has been described as having ``a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years, ''with its origins in classical Greece and Rome, in medieval and early modern romance, and in the tradition of the novella. The latter, an Italian word for a short story to distinguish it from a novel, has been used in English since the 18th century for a work that falls somewhere in between. Ian Watt, in The Rise of the Novel, suggested in 1957 that the novel first came into being in the early 18th century.

paragraph_text: Champagne for One is a Nero Wolfe detective novel by Rex Stout, first published by the Viking Press in 1958.

paragraph_text: Science and technology in Wallonia, the southern region of Belgium (Europe), is well developed with the presence of several universities and research institutes.

paragraph_text: Champagne Pannier was founded in 1899 and its head office is situated in Château-Thierry, France. It is the largest champagne house in the western Marne Valley.

paragraph_text: The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.

paragraph_text: The trees and rivers of the Ardennes provided the charcoal industry assets that enabled the great industrial period of Wallonia in the 18th and 19th centuries, when it was arguably the second great industrial region of the world, after England. The greater region maintained an industrial eminence into the 20th century, after coal replaced charcoal in metallurgy.

paragraph_text: Scholars have debated the relationship and differences within āstika philosophies and with nāstika philosophies, starting with the writings of Indologists and Orientalists of the 18th and 19th centuries, which were themselves derived from limited availability of Indian literature and medieval doxographies. The various sibling traditions included in Hindu philosophies are diverse, and they are united by shared history and concepts, same textual resources, similar ontological and soteriological focus, and cosmology. While Buddhism and Jainism are considered distinct philosophies and religions, some heterodox traditions such as Cārvāka are often considered as distinct schools within Hindu philosophy.

Question: When did the novel emerge as a distinct form of literature in the continent on which the region sharing a border with Champagne-Ardenne is located?
Answer: the early 18th century