paragraph_text: Jangpur is a Cheema village in Ludhiana District in Punjab, India. It has a population of approximately 2400 people, most of whom are engaged in agricultural work. The village is located approximately eighteen kilometres southwest of Ludhiana, and two kilometres from Grand Trunk Road.

paragraph_text: Kathipara Junction is an important road junction in Chennai, India. It is located at Alandur at the intersection of the Grand Southern Trunk Road, Inner Ring Road, Anna Salai and Mount-Poonamallee Road. Kathipara flyover is the largest cloverleaf flyover in Asia.

paragraph_text: Goswami did his B.A. from St. Xavier's College, Calcutta, Calcutta University. Omkar Goswami holds a Master's in Economics from the Delhi School of Economics, Delhi University in 1978; and in 1982 he received the doctor of philosophy in Economics from Oxford University for the thesis: "The jute economy of Bengal, 1900-1947: unequal interaction between the industrial, trading and agricultural sectors" under supervision of Tapan Raychaudhuri, the eminent Indian historian.

paragraph_text: Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.

paragraph_text: Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road (formerly known as Aurangzeb road) is a road in New Delhi's Lutyen's bungalow zone in Delhi, India. It lies at the north - east end, stretching from the 'Taj Mansingh Hotel' at the roundabout of Mansingh Road, Shahjahan Road, Humayun Road, Prithviraj Road and a road to Khan Market in the north - east. At the south - west end it stretches up to the crossing at Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Marg and Safdarjung Road junction. Abdul Kalam road is home to several Indian billionaires such as ArcelorMittal's LN Mittal, KP Singh of DLF and Max Healthcare's Analjit Singh.

paragraph_text: Federal Route 232, or Jalan Pekan Sehari - Kampung Awah, is the federal road in Pahang, Malaysia. The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 232 starts at Jalan Temerloh-Maran junctions, at its interchange with the Federal Route 2, the main trunk road of the central of Peninsula Malaysia.

paragraph_text: Plat was an unincorporated community and is now a neighborhood in the village of Richfield, Washington County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located at the intersection of Plat Road and Monches Road. It is 2 miles from the towns of Erin and Merton and from County Trunk Highway Q (County Line Road) and the Waukesha County and Washington County division.

paragraph_text: In the 1830's the East India Company started a programme of metalled road construction, for both commercial and administrative purposes. The Grand trunk road, from Calcutta, through Delhi, to Peshawar (present - day Pakistan) was rebuilt at a cost of £1000 / mile, and a Public Works Department, and the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee founded, to train and employ local surveyors, engineers, and overseers, to perform the work, and in future maintain it and other roads.

paragraph_text: The Indian Library Association (ILA) was established on September 12, 1933 Registered under the societies Registration Act (XXI of 1860), on the occasion of the First All India Library Conference held at Calcutta (now Kolkata). The ILA is the largest and renowned professional body in the field of Library and Information Science in India with a membership of more than 7000. The headquarter of ILA situated in Delhi,India.

paragraph_text: Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire, as India was officially named, from Calcutta on the east coast, to Delhi. The Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from Delhi in the centre of northern India.

paragraph_text: The area lies on a stretch of the National Highway 1, which is part of the historic Grand Trunk Road and the Outer Ring Road of Delhi. It is at a walkable distance from ISBT Kashmere Gate. It is approachable through the Kashmeri Gate station of the Delhi Metro, lies on both the Red (Dilshad Garden - Rithala) and Yellow Lines (Samaypur Badli - HUDA City Centre). It is a transfer station between the Red Line on the highest upper level and the Yellow Line on the lowest level. The Vidhan Sabha metro station is 1.5 km away.

paragraph_text: Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi. Adjoining areas such as Barakhamba Road, ITO are also major commercial centres. Government and quasi government sector was the primary employer in New Delhi. The city's service sector has expanded due in part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted many multinational companies. Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.

paragraph_text: Mineville, Nova Scotia is a suburban community within the Eastern Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada, between Lake Echo on Trunk 7, Highway 107 and Upper Lawrencetown on Route 207. The main road is called the Mineville Rd. The other road is called Candy Mountain Road. The community has two lakes: Lawrencetown Lake and Lake Echo.

paragraph_text: Pre-1902 -- Cable telegraph 1902 -- First wireless telegraph station established between Sagar Island and Sandhead. 1907 -- First Central Battery of telephones introduced in Kanpur. 1913 -- 1914 -- First Automatic Exchange installed in Shimla. 1927 -- Radio - telegraph system between the UK and India, with Imperial Wireless Chain beam stations at Khadki and Daund. Inaugurated by Lord Irwin on 23 July by exchanging greetings with King George V. 1933 -- Radiotelephone system inaugurated between the UK and India. 1953 -- 12 channel carrier system introduced. 1960 -- First subscriber trunk dialling route commissioned between Lucknow and Kanpur. 1975 -- First PCM system commissioned between Mumbai City and Andheri telephone exchanges. 1976 -- First digital microwave junction. 1979 -- First optical fibre system for local junction commissioned at Pune. 1980 -- First satellite earth station for domestic communications established at Sikandarabad, U.P.. 1983 -- First analogue Stored Programme Control exchange for trunk lines commissioned at Mumbai. 1984 -- C - DOT established for indigenous development and production of digital exchanges. 1995 -- First mobile telephone service started on non-commercial basis on 15 August 1995 in Delhi. 1995 -- Internet Introduced in India starting with Laxmi Nagar, Delhi 15 August 1995

paragraph_text: Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European philosophies with Indian tradition.

paragraph_text: The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595, which amalgamated in March 1602 into the United East Indies Company (VOC), which introduced the first permanent joint stock from 1612 (meaning investment into shares did not need to be returned, but could be traded on a stock exchange). Wealthy merchants and aristocrats owned the EIC's shares. Initially the government owned no shares and had only indirect control until 1657 when permanent joint stock was established.

paragraph_text: Barhi is a census town and headquarters of a subdivision in Hazaribagh district in the state of Jharkhand, India. It stands at the crossing of NH 19 (old number NH 2)/ Grand Trunk Road and NH 20.. All major buses on the Ranchi-Patna, Ranchi-Gaya, Dhanbad-Patna and Dhanbad-Gaya routes pass through Barhi. Both Tilaiya Dam of DVC and Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary are near Barhi.

paragraph_text: Ambala Cantonment (Hindi: अम्बाला छावनी) is a cantonment town in Ambala district in the state of Haryana, India. It is some 200 kilometres north of Delhi and 55 km south from Chandigarh. Delhi - Kalka & Saharanpur - Ludhiana's railway lines and G.T. Road also passes through Ambala Cantt. This Cantt. was established in the year 1843 and is an important centre for manufacturing of scientific & surgical instruments. It is also called the science city due to huge exports of scientific instruments

paragraph_text: Deepak Nayyar (born 1946) is Professor of Economics at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and Chairperson of the Board of Governors of Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) New Delhi. He has taught at the University of Oxford, the University of Sussex, the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (IIM-C), and the New School for Social Research, New York City. He was Vice Chancellor of the University of Delhi from 2000 to 2005.

paragraph_text: King George V proclaimed the transfer of the capital from Calcutta to Delhi at the climax of the 1911 Imperial Durbar on December 12, 1911. The buildings housing the Viceroy, government and parliament were inaugurated in early 1931.

Question: When was the company which repaired Grand Trunk Road from Calcutta to Delhi established?
Answer: 31 December 1600