paragraph_text: George Alexander Parks (May 29, 1883 – May 11, 1984) was an American engineer who worked in Alaska Territory for most of his career. Following an unexpected nomination from President Calvin Coolidge, he became the territory's first resident governor. As governor, he was the first person to serve two complete four-year terms and the first chief executive to travel extensively by air.

paragraph_text: The Ritz - Carlton Hotel Company, LLC is an American company that operates the luxury hotel chain known as The Ritz - Carlton. The company has 91 luxury hotels and resorts in 30 countries and territories.

paragraph_text: ``The Thunder Rolls ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music legend Garth Brooks. It was released in April 1991 as the fourth and final single from his album No Fences.`` The Thunder Rolls'' became his sixth number one on the country chart.

paragraph_text: This is a list of countries and territories with a flag that incorporates the Union Jack. Six Commonwealth nations have the Union Jack on their national flag. The first Commonwealth country to drop the Union Jack was Canada in 1965, after adopting a new national flag. The most recent country to drop the Union Jack from its flag was South Africa in 1994, after adopting a new national flag. The only overseas territory without the Union Jack on its current flag is Gibraltar.

paragraph_text: Ebenezer Sproat (February 9, 1752 – January 7, 1805), surname also spelled Sprout, was an officer of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, a pioneer to the Ohio Country, and one of the founders of Marietta, Ohio, the first permanent American settlement in the Northwest Territory. He served throughout the entire American war of independence, from April 1775 through November 1783, achieving the rank of colonel. After the war, he was a pioneer and surveyor in the Northwest Territory, and became a leader of the militia at Marietta during the Northwest Indian War. He was the first sheriff in the Northwest Territory and Ohio, serving fourteen years as sheriff of Washington County, the oldest county in Ohio.

paragraph_text: Tunoa Lui is an American Samoan football coach who trained the national team of American Samoa for a period of one year. He left resigned from the position in 2001. Since 2017 he is the coach of the American Samoa national under-18 futsal team.

paragraph_text: The Kingdom of Hawai ʻi was sovereign from 1810 until 1893 when the monarchy was overthrown by resident American and European capitalists and landholders. Hawaii was an independent republic from 1894 until August 12, 1898, when it officially became a territory of the United States. Hawaii was admitted as a U.S. state on August 21, 1959.

paragraph_text: Originally populated by the indigenous Taíno people, the island was claimed in 1493 by Christopher Columbus for the Crown of Castile during his second voyage. Later it endured invasion attempts from the French, Dutch, and British. Four centuries of Spanish colonial government transformed the island's ethnic, cultural and physical landscapes primarily with waves of African slaves, Canarian, and Andalusian settlers. In the Spanish imperial imagination, Puerto Rico played a secondary, but strategic role when compared to wealthier colonies like Peru and the mainland parts of New Spain. Spain's distant administrative control continued up to the end of the 19th century, helping to produce a distinctive creole Hispanic culture and language that combined elements from the Native Americans, Africans, and Iberians. In 1898, following the Spanish -- American War, the United States acquired Puerto Rico under the terms of the Treaty of Paris.

paragraph_text: "Whisper My Name" is a song written by Trey Bruce, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in June 1994 as the second single from his album "This Is Me". It became a Number One country hit for him in both the United States and Canada.

paragraph_text: Luis Villafañe (born June 21, 1981 in San Juan, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican professional basketball player who plays with Caciques de Humacao of the Puerto Rican Baloncesto Superior Nacional. He also is a member of the Puerto Rico National Basketball Team.

paragraph_text: He was the father of Jeff Bucknum, an Indy Racing League and American Le Mans Series driver. Ronnie Bucknum died in San Luis Obispo, California following complications from diabetes.

paragraph_text: Igor Hernández Colina (born 22 January 1977) is a Venezuelan beach volleyball player. He played with Jesus Villafañe at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

paragraph_text: Colorado Territory was officially organized by Act of Congress on February 28, 1861, out of lands previously part of the Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories. Technically the territory was open to slavery under the Dred Scott Decision of 1857, but the question was rendered moot by the impending American Civil War and the majority pro-Union sentiment in the territory. The name "Colorado" was chosen for the territory. It had been previously suggested in 1850 by Senator Henry S. Foote as a name for a state to have been created out of present-day California south of 35° 45'. To the dismay of Denverites, the town of Colorado City was designated the first territorial capital, quickly succeeded by Golden. Denver eventually became the temporary territorial capital, but was not designated the permanent capital until 1881, five years after Colorado became a state.

paragraph_text: Carlos Castillo Peraza was a lawyer in the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, was a collaborator and contributor of many newspapers of the country and began as journalist in "El Diario de Yucatán". From 1967 he became a member of the PAN and occupied an ample variety of positions in his local and national structure. During their management as National President of the PAN, their nearer collaborators were Jesus Galván Muñoz, ex-president Felipe Calderón, Enrique Caballero and Luis Correa Mena.

paragraph_text: "Barefoot and Crazy" is a song recorded by American country music artist Jack Ingram. It was released in March 2009 as the second single from his album "Big Dreams & High Hopes". In late 2009, the song became Ingram's second Top Ten country hit, reaching number 10 on "Billboard" Hot Country Songs.

paragraph_text: In Canada, the Supreme Court of Canada was established in 1875 but only became the highest court in the country in 1949 when the right of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council was abolished. This court hears appeals of decisions made by courts of appeal from the provinces and territories and appeals of decisions made by the Federal Court of Appeal. The court's decisions are final and binding on the federal courts and the courts from all provinces and territories. The title "Supreme" can be confusing because, for example, The Supreme Court of British Columbia does not have the final say and controversial cases heard there often get appealed in higher courts - it is in fact one of the lower courts in such a process.

paragraph_text: Richard Lui (born ) is an American journalist and news anchor for MSNBC and NBC News. Lui anchors Early Today on NBC and is a dayside anchor for MSNBC at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. He was formerly at CNN Worldwide. At CNN Worldwide he became the first Asian American male to anchor a daily, national cable news show when he solo anchored the 10 a.m. hour on CNN Headline News (2007 to 2010). Mediaite ranked Lui among the top 100 in news buzz on its "Power Grid Influence Index of TV Anchors and Hosts" and one of "The 50 Sexiest in TV News".

paragraph_text: The three brothers—Rurik, Sineus, and Truvor—established themselves in Novgorod, Beloozero, and Izborsk, respectively. Two of the brothers died, and Rurik became the sole ruler of the territory and progenitor of the Rurik Dynasty. A short time later, two of Rurik’s men, Askold and Dir, asked him for permission to go to Tsargrad (Constantinople). On their way south, they discovered "a small city on a hill," Kiev, captured it and the surrounding country from the Khazars, populated the region with more Varangians, and "established their dominion over the country of the Polyanians."

paragraph_text: On 1 January 1967, Yugoslavia was the first communist country to open its borders to all foreign visitors and abolish visa requirements. In the same year Tito became active in promoting a peaceful resolution of the Arab–Israeli conflict. His plan called for Arabs to recognize the state of Israel in exchange for territories Israel gained.

paragraph_text: "That Was Yesterday" is a song written and recorded by American country music singer Donna Fargo. It was released in April 1977 as the first single from the album "Fargo Country". The song became her sixth and final No. 1 song on the "Billboard magazine" Hot Country Singles chart.

Question: When did the island that Luis Villafañe is from become an American territory?
Answer: 1898