paragraph_text: Norborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt (c. 1717 – 15 October 1770), was a British courtier, member of parliament, and royal governor of the colony of Virginia from 1768 until his death in 1770.

paragraph_text: Monroe's second term marked the end of the Virginia Dynasty. In the election of 1824, supporters of William H. Crawford portrayed him as "the rightful and legitimate successor of the Virginia Dynasty," but the Democratic-Republican Party splintered. John Quincy Adams won the disputed 1824 election over General Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, then considered to be part of the Southwest.

paragraph_text: Elmes Yelverton Steele (February 6, 1781 – August 6, 1865) was a naval officer, farmer and political figure in Canada West.

paragraph_text: In 1775, Patrick Henry delivered his famous "Give me Liberty or Give me Death" speech in St. John's Church in Richmond, crucial for deciding Virginia's participation in the First Continental Congress and setting the course for revolution and independence. On April 18, 1780, the state capital was moved from the colonial capital of Williamsburg to Richmond, to provide a more centralized location for Virginia's increasing westerly population, as well as to isolate the capital from British attack. The latter motive proved to be in vain, and in 1781, under the command of Benedict Arnold, Richmond was burned by British troops, causing Governor Thomas Jefferson to flee as the Virginia militia, led by Sampson Mathews, defended the city.

paragraph_text: Gadakh Tukaram Gangadhar (born 1 November 1953) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Ahmednagar constituency of Maharashtra and is a member of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) political party.

paragraph_text: A political party is typically led by a party leader (the most powerful member and spokesperson representing the party), a party secretary (who maintains the daily work and records of party meetings), party treasurer (who is responsible for membership dues) and party chair (who forms strategies for recruiting and retaining party members, and also chairs party meetings). Most of the above positions are also members of the party executive, the leading organization which sets policy for the entire party at the national level. The structure is far more decentralized in the United States because of the separation of powers, federalism and the multiplicity of economic interests and religious sects. Even state parties are decentralized as county and other local committees are largely independent of state central committees. The national party leader in the U.S. will be the president, if the party holds that office, or a prominent member of Congress in opposition (although a big-state governor may aspire to that role). Officially, each party has a chairman for its national committee who is a prominent spokesman, organizer and fund-raiser, but without the status of prominent elected office holders.

paragraph_text: John Andrew Shulze (July 19, 1775November 18, 1852) was a Pennsylvania political leader and the sixth Governor of Pennsylvania. He was a member of the Muhlenberg family political dynasty.

paragraph_text: Newton Cannon (May 22, 1781 – September 16, 1841) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1835 to 1839. He also served several terms in the United States House of Representatives, from 1814 to 1817, and from 1819 to 1823. Cannon was a long-time foe of Andrew Jackson, and spent much of his political career opposing Jacksonite policies.

paragraph_text: Ratliff Boon (January 18, 1781 – November 20, 1844) was the second Governor of Indiana from September 12 to December 5, 1822, taking office following the resignation of Governor Jonathan Jennings' after his election to Congress. A prominent politician in the state, Boon was instrumental the formation of the state Democratic Party, and he supported President Andrew Jackson's policies during his six terms representing Indiana in the United States House of Representatives.

paragraph_text: Myron E. Leavitt (October 27, 1930 – January 9, 2004) was an American politician who was the 27th Lieutenant Governor of Nevada from 1979 to 1983. He was a native of Las Vegas, Nevada, and served in many political positions, including the Clark County Commission from 1971 to 1974, and the Las Vegas City Council from 1975 to 1978. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

paragraph_text: Notes on the State of Virginia (1785) is a book written by Thomas Jefferson. He completed the first version in 1781, and updated and enlarged the book in 1782 and 1783. Notes on the State of Virginia originated in Jefferson's responding to questions about Virginia, posed to him in 1780 by François Barbé - Marbois, then Secretary of the French delegation in Philadelphia, the temporary capital of the United Colonies.

paragraph_text: Major Moses Corbet (1728–1814) was a British Army officer who served as Lieutenant Governor of Jersey from 4 April 1771 to 6 January 1781.

paragraph_text: Ramón Eduardo Saadi (born 1949) is a former Argentine senator and former governor for Catamarca Province and a member of the Argentine Justicialist Party. He is a member of the Saadi family that has dominated Catamarca politics since the 1940s and a son of Vicente Saadi who first became governor of the province in 1949.

paragraph_text: Thomas Hill Hubbard (December 5, 1781 – May 21, 1857) was an American lawyer, judge and public official from Madison County, New York. A member of the Democratic-Republican party, Hubbard was twice elected as U.S. Representative from New York and was a three-time Presidential elector.

paragraph_text: Poland Comes First (), also rendered as Poland is the Most Important, and abbreviated to PJN, was a centre-right, conservative liberal, political party in Poland. It was formed as a more moderate breakaway group from Law and Justice (PiS). By early 2011, the party had eighteen members of the Sejm, one member of the Senate, and three members of the European Parliament. Poland Comes First ceased to exist as a political party in December 2013, when it joined the new centre-right party led by Jarosław Gowin named Poland Together.

paragraph_text: Jonathan Glidden Hunton (March 14, 1781 – October 12, 1851) was an American politician who served as the ninth Governor of Maine from February 1830 to January 1831.

paragraph_text: Stevens Thomson Mason (October 27, 1811January 4, 1843) was an American politician who served as the first Governor of Michigan from 1835 to 1840. Coming to political prominence at an early age, Mason was appointed his territory's acting Territorial Secretary by Andrew Jackson at 19, becoming the acting territorial governor soon thereafter in 1834 at 22. As territorial governor, Mason was instrumental in guiding Michigan to statehood, which was secured in 1837. A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected as Michigan's first state governor in 1835, where he served until 1840. Elected at 23 and taking office at 24, Mason was and remains the youngest state governor in American history.

paragraph_text: Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan is a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Panchmahal constituency of Gujarat and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.

paragraph_text: Neeta Pateriya (born 3 November 1962) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. She represents the Seoni constituency of Madhya Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.

paragraph_text: William Jefferson Clinton (né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. Prior to the presidency, he was the Governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981, and again from 1983 to 1992. A member of the Democratic Party, Clinton was ideologically a New Democrat and many of his policies reflected a centrist ``Third Way ''political philosophy.

Question: Which party held the 1781 governorship of Virginia?
Answer: Democratic-Republican Party