paragraph_text: Morning star, most commonly used as a name for the planet Venus when it appears in the east before sunrise Morning star, a name for the star Sirius, which appears in the sky just before sunrise during the Dog Days Morning star, a (less common) name for the planet Mercury when it appears in the east before sunrise

paragraph_text: An early attempt to translate these characters into English gave rise to the expression ``The Land of the Morning Calm ''for Korea, which parallels the expression`` The Land of the Rising Sun'' for Japan. While the wording is fanciful, the essence of the translation is valid.

paragraph_text: Nuansa Pagi (lit. "Morning Nuance") is the first morning newscast ever produced by a private television station in Indonesia. "Nuansa Pagi" was introduced by RCTI at 17 January 1993 as Buletin Pagi ('Morning Bulletin') before it evolved to go nationwide on 24 August 1993 as Nuansa Pagi ('Morning Nuance') and since then has become one of the strongest morning shows in the country, according to Nielsen Media Research, Nuansa Pagi was also carried by RCTI's then sister station SCTV (1993-1996).

paragraph_text: In 1866, the feud between Austria and Prussia finally came to a head. There were several reasons behind this war. As German nationalism grew strongly inside the German Confederation and neither could decide on how Germany was going to be unified into a nation-state. The Austrians favoured the Greater Germany unification but were not willing to give up any of the non-German-speaking land inside of the Austrian Empire and take second place to Prussia. The Prussians however wanted to unify Germany as Little Germany primarily by the Kingdom of Prussia, whilst excluding Austria. In the final battle of the German war (Battle of Königgrätz) the Prussians successfully defeated the Austrians and succeeded in creating the North German Confederation.

paragraph_text: Go Tell the Spartans is a 1978 American war film directed by Ted Post, starring Burt Lancaster, and based on Daniel Ford's 1967 novel "Incident at Muc Wa", about U.S. Army military advisors during the early part of the Vietnam War in 1964, a time when Ford was a correspondent in Vietnam for "The Nation".

paragraph_text: The first battle the Americans entered in the Korean War was the Battle of Osan, where about four hundred strong landed in Pusan airport on the first of July. The American troops were sent off to Taejon the next morning where Major General John H. Church the head of U.S. field headquarters was confident in the US troop's strengths to push back the North Koreans. On July fifth the troops were finally put to the test when North Korean tanks crept towards Osan. The four hundred infantryman of the U.S. also called Task Force Smith opened fire on the North Koreans at 8: 16 am. Only four of the North Korean tanks were destroyed and twenty - nine kept moving forward breaking the US line. At the end of the battle only two more North Korean Tanks and two regiments of North Korean infantry were destroyed. The US had lost the battle, revealing that the mere sight of US troops would not reverse the military balance in Korea. By early August, the North Korean troops had pushed back the US and South Korean troops all the way to Naktong River, which is located about thirty miles from Pusan. The two weeks of fighting following this resulted in the most casualties of US troops than any other equivalent period of this war. However, during this time the US pushed supplies and personnel to Korea and by the end of July South Koreans and US troops outnumbered the North Koreans, although the North had pushed back the US and South by an amazing amount the North had suffered over fifty thousand casualties. Also because North Koreas supply lines were so lengthy and with the US in control of the water and air replenishing there losses were slow.

paragraph_text: Bonaparte, First Consul ("Bonaparte, Premier Consul") is an 1804 portrait of Napoleon Bonaparte as First Consul by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. The painting is now in the collection of the Curtius Museum in Liège. Posing the hand inside the waistcoat was often used in portraits of rulers to indicate calm and stable leadership.

paragraph_text: Illovszky Rudolf Stadion is going to be a multi-use stadium in Budapest, Hungary. It is going to be used mostly for football matches and is going to be the home stadium of Vasas SC. The stadium is going to be able to hold 5,054 people.

paragraph_text: Churchill's first recorded use of the term ``iron curtain ''came in a 12 May 1945 telegram he sent to U.S. President Harry S. Truman regarding his concern about Soviet actions, stating`` (a) n iron curtain is drawn down upon their front. We do not know what is going on behind''. He was further concerned about ``another immense flight of the German population westward as this enormous Muscovite advance towards the centre of Europe ''. Churchill concluded`` then the curtain will descend again to a very large extent, if not entirely. Thus a broad land of many hundreds of miles of Russian - occupied territory will isolate us from Poland''.

paragraph_text: Early next morning, 20 May, seeing Husvik Harbour below them, they knew that they were on the right path. At seven o'clock in the morning, they heard the steam whistle sound from Stromness, "the first sound created by an outside human agency that had come to our ears since we left Stromness Bay in December 1914". After a difficult descent, which involved passage down through a freezing waterfall, they at last reached safety. Shackleton wrote afterwards: "I have no doubt that Providence guided us ... I know that during that long and racking march of 36 hours over the unnamed mountains and glaciers it seemed to me often that we were four, not three". This image of a fourth traveller—echoed in the accounts of Worsley and Crean—was taken up by T. S. Eliot in his poem The Waste Land.

paragraph_text: The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in November 1983. There were also periods of reduced tension as both sides sought détente. Direct military attacks on adversaries were deterred by the potential for mutual assured destruction using deliverable nuclear weapons. In the Cold War era, the Generation of Love and the rise of computers changed society in very different, complex ways, including higher social and local mobility.

paragraph_text: The Mount Calm Independent School District is a public school district based in Mount Calm, Texas, United States. Located in Hill County, a portion of the district extends into Limestone County.

paragraph_text: Woman Reading (La Liseuse) is a painting by Henri Matisse from 1896. It's displayed at Le Cateau-Cambrésis, Musée Matisse, deposited by the Centre Pompidou in 2002. It shows the calmness of a reading woman. The painting evokes a calm, relaxing atmosphere.

paragraph_text: Casagrande claimed that he volunteered for the Bosnian Croat Defence Forces HVO in 1993 after his service in the Finnish Army. He wrote under the pen name Luca Moconesi a controversial book Mostarin tien liftarit / Hitchhikers on the Road to Mostar (WSOY 1997) about his alleged experiences in the Bosnian Civil War, and based on descriptions of war crimes committed by the main character in the autobiographical book, he came under suspicion as a possible war criminal. After becoming under suspicion he claimed that the book was in fact a work of fiction. The truth about Casagrande's involvement in the war remains uncertain.Later Casagrande has expressed views condemning war crimes: "Those troops know that they are doing wrong. This is the very opposite of constructive collectivity and group spirit. Anybody can understand that it is by no measures militarily efficient to go kicking the doors of old people's home." Casagrande has been lecturing in the National Defence University of Finland since 2006 on courses of strategy and leadership.

paragraph_text: Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moon and back, and extra-vehicular activity to accomplish useful work outside the spacecraft.

paragraph_text: Morning Bugle is a bluegrass album by US musician John Hartford. It was released in 1972 on Warner Bros. Records.

paragraph_text: George Hoben Estabrooks (December 16, 1895 – December 30, 1973) was a Canadian-American psychologist and an authority on hypnosis during World War Two. He was a Harvard University graduate, a Rhodes Scholar, and chairman of the Department of Psychology at Colgate University. He used hypnosis to help spies have split personalities to not actually know they were spies in case of capture. He stated it was easy to create and easy to cure using hypnosis.

paragraph_text: For temperature studies, subjects must remain awake but calm and semi-reclined in near darkness while their rectal temperatures are taken continuously. Though variation is great among normal chronotypes, the average human adult's temperature reaches its minimum at about 05:00 (5 a.m.), about two hours before habitual wake time. Baehr et al. found that, in young adults, the daily body temperature minimum occurred at about 04:00 (4 a.m.) for morning types but at about 06:00 (6 a.m.) for evening types. This minimum occurred at approximately the middle of the eight hour sleep period for morning types, but closer to waking in evening types.

paragraph_text: In North Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam, and Chinese and Vietnamese - speaking areas, Korea as a whole is referred to as Chosŏn (조선, Joseon, (tɕoshʌn),, (朝鲜), Cháoxiǎn, (朝鮮), Chōsen, Triều Tiên (朝鮮) lit. ``(land of the) Morning Calm '').`` Great Joseon'' was the name of the kingdom ruled by the Joseon dynasty from 1393 until their declaration of the short - lived Great Korean Empire in 1897. King Taejo had named them for the earlier Kojoseon (고조선), who ruled northern Korea from its legendary prehistory until their conquest in 108 BC by China's Han Empire. This go is the Hanja 古 and simply means ``ancient ''or`` old''; it is a modern usage to distinguish the ancient Joseon from the later dynasty. Joseon itself is the modern Korean pronunciation of the Hanja 朝鮮 but it is unclear whether this was a transcription of a native Korean name (OC * T (r) awser, MC Trjewsjen) or a partial translation into Chinese of the Korean capital Asadal (아사달), whose meaning has been reconstructed as ``Morning Land ''or`` Mountain''.

paragraph_text: The WGN Morning News is an American morning television news program airing on WGN-TV (channel 9), an independent television station and national superstation in Chicago, Illinois that serves as the flagship station of the Tribune Broadcasting division of the Tribune Company. The program broadcasts each weekday morning from 4:00 to 10:00 a.m. and each weekend morning from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. Central Time.

Question: When did the U.S. go to war with the country known as land of morning calm?
Answer: the Battle of Osan