paragraph_text: The Council of Ministers – under the presidency of the Prime Minister (or the President of Portugal at the latter's request) and the Ministers (may also include one or more Deputy Prime Ministers) – acts as the cabinet. Each government is required to define the broad outline of its policies in a programme, and present it to the Assembly for a mandatory period of debate. The failure of the Assembly to reject the government programme by an absolute majority of deputies confirms the cabinet in office.

paragraph_text: Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Kārmika, Loka Śikāyata Aura Peṃśana Maṃtrī State Emblem of India Flag of India Incumbent Narendra Modi since 26 May 2014 Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Style The Honourable Member of Union Council of Ministers of India Reports to Prime minister Residence 7, Lok Kalyan Marg (as Prime minister) Seat South Block, Secretariat Building, New Delhi Nominator Prime minister Appointer President Formation 1 August 1970; 48 years ago (1970 - 08 - 01) First holder Indira Gandhi Unofficial names Personnel Minister, Minister of Personnel Deputy Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions

paragraph_text: The politics of Norway take place in the framework of a Parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy. Executive power is exercised by the Council of State, the cabinet, led by the Prime Minister of Norway. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the legislature, the Storting, elected within a multi-party system. The judiciary is independent of the executive branch and the legislature.

paragraph_text: The union cabinet headed by the prime minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per article 75 (3) of the Constitution of India. The prime minister has to enjoy the confidence of a majority in the Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the president.

paragraph_text: With his skilful Prime Minister Richelieu, who vowed ``to make the royal power supreme in France and France supreme in Europe. ''(source: Cardinal Richelieu's Political Testament), Louis XIII established Absolute Monarchy in France during his reign. When his son and successor Louis XIV came to power, a period of trouble known as the Fronde occurred in France, taking advantage of Louis XIV's minority. This rebellion was driven by the great feudal lords and sovereign courts as a reaction to the rise of royal power in France.

paragraph_text: He studied science at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris, where he was influenced by scientists that included biologist Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau, zoologist Alphonse Milne-Edwards, and anthropologist Ernest Hamy. From 1889 to 1892, he was employed as a chemical engineer at the French-owned El Boleo mining installation in Santa Rosalia, Baja California Sur. During that period, he explored the peninsula's interior, collecting natural history specimens for the National Museum of Natural History in Paris. Afterwards, from 1893 to 1914, he made six more trips to Mexico as an explorer and collector:

paragraph_text: The house, formerly called Libertas, was designed by Architect Gerard Moerdijk in a traditional Cape Dutch style and completed in 1940 as the official residence for the Prime Minister of South Africa in the Bryntirion suburb of Pretoria. It is surrounded by impressive gardens. Through the years, slight changes were made on the building. After the post of Prime Minister was abolished in 1984, it became the presidential residence.

paragraph_text: Jean Louis Barthou (; 25 August 1862 – 9 October 1934) was a French politician of the Third Republic who served as Prime Minister of France for eight months in 1913. In social policy, Barthou's time as Prime Minister saw the introduction (in July 1913) of allowances to families with children.

paragraph_text: National Disaster Management Authority, abbreviated as NDMA is an agency of the Ministry of Home Affairs whose primary purpose is to coordinate response to natural or man - made disasters and for capacity - building in disaster resiliency and crisis response. NDMA was established through the Disaster Management Act enacted by the Government of India in may 30 2005. The Prime Minister is the ex-officio chairperson of it. The agency is responsible for framing policies, laying down guidelines and best - practices and coordinating with the State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) to ensure a holistic and distributed approach to disaster management.

paragraph_text: The guidelines for the M'Naghten Rules, state, inter alia, and evaluating the criminal responsibility for defendants claiming to be insane were settled in the British courts in the case of Daniel M'Naghten in 1843. M'Naghten was a Scottish woodcutter who killed the secretary to the prime minister, Edward Drummond, in a botched attempt to assassinate the prime minister himself. M'Naghten apparently believed that the prime minister was the architect of the myriad of personal and financial misfortunes that had befallen him. During his trial, nine witnesses testified to the fact that he was insane, and the jury acquitted him, finding him ``not guilty by reason of insanity. ''

paragraph_text: French Republic République française 1848 -- 1852 Flag Great Seal Motto Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité ``Liberty, Equality, Fraternity ''Anthem Le Chant des Girondins`` The Song of Girondists'' Map of the French Second Republic Capital Paris Languages French Religion Roman Catholicism Calvinism Lutheranism Judaism Government Semi-presidential republic (1848 - 1851) Presidential republic (1851 - 1852) President 1848 -- 1852 Louis - Napoléon Bonaparte Prime Minister 1848 Jacques - Charles Dupont (first) 1851 Léon Faucher (last) Legislature National Assembly History French Revolution 23 February 1848 Abolition of slavery 27 April 1848 Constitution adopted 4 November 1848 Coup of 1851 2 December 1851 Empire reestablished 2 December 1852 Currency French Franc Preceded by Succeeded by July Monarchy Second French Empire Today part of France

paragraph_text: Gyurcsány returned to politics in 2002 as the head strategic advisor of Péter Medgyessy, the previous Prime Minister of Hungary. From May 2003 until September 2004 Gyurcsány was a minister responsible for sports, youth and children.

paragraph_text: Sporadic use of the term for some of the subject matter occurred subsequently, such as the use by Étienne Serres in 1838 to describe the natural history, or paleontology, of man, based on comparative anatomy, and the creation of a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850 at the National Museum of Natural History (France) by Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau. Various short-lived organizations of anthropologists had already been formed. The Société Ethnologique de Paris, the first to use Ethnology, was formed in 1839. Its members were primarily anti-slavery activists. When slavery was abolished in France in 1848 the Société was abandoned.

paragraph_text: Horace François Bastien Sébastiani de La Porta (; 11 November 1771 – 20 July 1851) was a French soldier, diplomat, and politician, who served as Naval Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of State under the July Monarchy.

paragraph_text: Marisol Touraine (; born 7 March 1959) is a French politician. She serves as Minister of Social Affairs and Health under Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, Prime Minister Manuel Valls, and under Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve.

paragraph_text: Absolute monarchy, or despotic monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which one ruler has supreme authority and where that authority is not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customs. These are often, but not always, hereditary monarchies. In contrast, in constitutional monarchies, the head of state's authority derives from and is legally bounded or restricted by a constitution or legislature.

paragraph_text: The Minister responsible for Official Languages is the Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is entrusted with the enforcement of the Official Languages Act, ensuring that government services are available in both English and French, protecting minority language rights, particularly in the area of education, and promoting bilingualism throughout Canada.

paragraph_text: Ministry of Information & Cultural Affairs Emblem of India Department overview Jurisdiction Government of West Bengal Headquarters Writers' Building, Kolkata Minister responsible Mamata Banerjee, Minister for Information & Cultural Affairs Website tathyabangla.gov.in

paragraph_text: Jean-Georges Humann (6 August 1780 – 25 April 1842) was a French financier and politician. During the July Monarchy (1830–1848) he was several times Minister of Finance.

paragraph_text: Allan Kardec () is the pen name of the French educator, translator and author Hippolyte Léon Denizard Rivail (; 3 October 1804 – 31 March 1869). He is the author of the five books known as the Spiritist Codification, and is the founder of Spiritism.

Question: Who was the prime minister most responsible for building the absolute monarchy of the country containing the institution where Léon Diguet was educated?
Answer: Prime Minister Richelieu