paragraph_text: A red dye called Kermes was made beginning in the Neolithic Period by drying and then crushing the bodies of the females of a tiny scale insect in the genus Kermes, primarily Kermes vermilio. The insects live on the sap of certain trees, especially Kermes oak trees near the Mediterranean region. Jars of kermes have been found in a Neolithic cave-burial at Adaoutse, Bouches-du-Rhône. Kermes from oak trees was later used by Romans, who imported it from Spain. A different variety of dye was made from Porphyrophora hamelii (Armenian cochineal) scale insects that lived on the roots and stems of certain herbs. It was mentioned in texts as early as the 8th century BC, and it was used by the ancient Assyrians and Persians.

paragraph_text: Robert Trees, (born 18 December 1977) is an English former footballer. Born in Manchester, England, he began his career as a youth player with his hometown club Manchester United. After a loan spell at Stalybridge Celtic, he moved to Bristol Rovers in 1998, where he scored one goal in 60 league appearances. Trees also had loan spells at Altrincham for a couple of months in 1999, and at Leigh RMI. Leigh signed him on a permanent basis in February 2001, but he soon moved on to Droylsden in August of the same year. Trees played for Mossley during the 2002–03 season, but personal issues forced him to take a short break from football in September 2002. He then joined Hyde United in the summer of 2003, but his spell there was short-lived and he moved to Abbey Hey that December. After 18 months with Abbey Hey, Trees joined the newly formed F.C. United of Manchester in July 2005 and was part of the club's initial 20-man squad for their 2005–06 pre-season. However, he never played in a senior game for them. He now has 2 children Francesca and Gabriella Trees with his wife Sharon Trees.

paragraph_text: The National Christmas Tree is a large evergreen tree located in the northeast quadrant of The Ellipse near the White House in Washington, D.C. Each year since 1923, the tree has been decorated as a Christmas tree. Every early December, the tree is traditionally lit by the President of the United States. Every president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has made formal remarks during the tree lighting ceremony. Since 1954, the event has marked the start of month - long festivities known as the Pageant of Peace. Smaller trees representing the U.S. states, District of Columbia, and the five territories around the National Christmas Tree are referred to as the Pathway to Peace.

paragraph_text: No Trees in the Street is a 1959 British crime thriller directed by J. Lee Thompson and written by Ted Willis, from his 1948 stage play of the same name.

paragraph_text: Tree Roots is an oil painting by Vincent van Gogh that he painted in July 1890 when he lived in Auvers-sur-Oise, France. The painting is an example of the double-square canvases that he employed in his last landscapes.

paragraph_text: A mycorrhiza (from Greek μυκός mykós, ``fungus '', and ῥίζα rhiza,`` root''; pl. mycorrhizae or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular host plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungi in the plants' rhizosphere, its root system. Mycorrhizae play important roles in soil biology and soil chemistry.

paragraph_text: In China, the tree of heaven has a long and rich history. It was mentioned in the oldest extant Chinese dictionary and listed in countless Chinese medical texts for its purported ability to cure ailments ranging from mental illness to baldness. The roots, leaves and bark are still used today in traditional Chinese medicine, primarily as an astringent. The tree has been grown extensively both in China and abroad as a host plant for the ailanthus silkmoth, a moth involved in silk production. Ailanthus has become a part of western culture as well, with the tree serving as the central metaphor and subject matter of the best - selling American novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by Betty Smith.

paragraph_text: Tariq Luqmaan Trotter (born October 3, 1971), better known as Black Thought, is an American rapper and the lead MC of the Philadelphia-based hip hop group The Roots, as well as an occasional actor. Black Thought, who co-founded The Roots with drummer Questlove (Ahmir Thompson), is widely lauded for his live performance skills, continuous multisyllabic rhyme schemes, complex lyricism, double entendres, and politically aware lyrics. With The Roots, he is a singer and rapper on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon," frequently playing games with Fallon and his guests.

paragraph_text: Pharmacist Charles Elmer Hires was the first to successfully market a commercial brand of root beer. Hires developed his root tea made from sassafras in 1875, debuted a commercial version of root beer at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition in 1876, and began selling his extract. Hires was a teetotaler who wanted to call the beverage ``root tea ''. However, his desire to market the product to Pennsylvania coal miners caused him to call his product`` root beer'', instead. In 1886, Hires began to bottle a beverage made from his famous extract. By 1893, root beer was distributed widely across the United States. Non-alcoholic versions of root beer became commercially successful, especially during Prohibition.

paragraph_text: The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who, who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials. As with previous incarnations of the Doctor, the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin - offs. In the programme's narrative, the Doctor is a centuries - old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. At the end of life, the Doctor can regenerate his body; in doing so, his physical appearance and personality change, and a new actor assumes the role. Tennant's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked.

paragraph_text: The music of the American television series Twin Peaks, its 1992 prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, and its 2017 revival series was composed by Angelo Badalamenti. Twin Peaks' co-creator David Lynch wrote lyrics for five songs used throughout the series -- including ``Falling '',`` The Nightingale'', ``Into the Night '',`` Just You'' and ``Sycamore Trees ''-- and three songs featured in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, including`` A Real Indication'', ``Questions in a World of Blue ''and`` The Black Dog Runs at Night''. Julee Cruise, who made cameo appearances in both the series and film, provided vocals for four of Lynch's and Badalamenti's collaborations, and jazz vocalist Jimmy Scott performed on ``Sycamore Trees ''. Three of the series' actors -- James Marshall, Lara Flynn Boyle, and Sheryl Lee -- provided vocals for`` Just You''.

paragraph_text: The Silmarils (Quenya pl. Silmarilli, "radiance of pure light") are three fictional brilliant jewels composed of the unmarred light of the Two Trees in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. The Silmarils were made out of the crystalline substance "silima" by Fëanor, a Noldorin Elf, in Valinor during the Years of the Trees. The Silmarils play a central role in Tolkien's book "The Silmarillion", which tells of the creation of Eä (the Universe) and the beginning of Elves, Men, and Dwarves.

paragraph_text: "Make Love, Not Warcraft" is the eighth episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series "South Park". The 147th episode overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 4, 2006. In the episode, Cartman, Kyle, Stan, and Kenny enjoy playing the popular massively multiplayer online role-playing game "World of Warcraft". When a high level player goes around killing other players in the game, they start playing the game every day to try to stop him. The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. In 2015, he and co-creator Matt Stone listed it as their third favorite episode of the series.

paragraph_text: Richard Joel received his BA and JD from New York University, where he was a Root-Tilden law scholar, and has received honorary doctorates from Boston Hebrew College and Gratz College. He was an assistant district attorney and Deputy Chief of Appeals in the Bronx. His career continued as associate dean and professor of law at YU's Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law.

paragraph_text: The Van Gogh Museum's "Wheatfield with Crows" was painted in July 1890, in the last weeks of van Gogh’s life. Many have claimed it as his last painting, while it is also possible "Tree Roots", or the previously mentioned "Daubigny's Garden", was his final painting.

paragraph_text: Intrigued by an ominous figure in one of Vincent van Gogh's paintings, alien time traveller the Doctor (Matt Smith) and his companion Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) go back in time to meet Van Gogh (Tony Curran) and discover that Provence has been plagued by an invisible monster, known as the Krafayis, which only Van Gogh can see. The Doctor and Amy work with Van Gogh to defeat the Krafayis, but in their attempt to have Van Gogh realise his legacy through bringing him to the future they ultimately realise that not all of time can be rewritten and there are some evils which are out of the Doctor's reach.

paragraph_text: She attended the British drama school East 15 in 2005, and left after winning a high - profile role in the BBC drama Waterloo Road, playing the bully Leigh - Ann Galloway. Since that role, Matthews has continued to act in BBC's Doctors, playing Connie Whitfield; in ITV's The Bill playing drug addict Josie Clarke; and she was back in the BBC soap Doctors in 2009, playing Tansy Flack.

paragraph_text: Paulina Salas is a former political prisoner in an unnamed Latin American country who had been raped by her captors, led by a sadistic doctor whose face she never saw. The rapist doctor played Schubert's composition Death and the Maiden during the act of rape; hence the play's title.

paragraph_text: Born at Waterloo, New South Wales in 1898, Vic Lawrence played his junior football for Waterloo, and was graded with South Sydney Rabbitohs in 1920. Lawrence played nine seasons with Souths between 1920-1928 and played in two winning Grand Finals in 1926 and 1927. He mostly played centre in teams that featured the greats of the era such as Alf Blair, Benny Wearing, George Treweek and Eddie Root.

paragraph_text: Manchineel is native to the Caribbean, the U.S. state of Florida, The Bahamas, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.The manchineel tree can be found on coastal beaches and in brackish swamps where it grows among mangroves. It provides excellent natural windbreaks and its roots stabilize the sand, thus helping to prevent beach erosion.

Question: Who plays the creator of Tree Roots on Doctor Who?
Answer: Tony Curran