paragraph_text: The gorge of is a nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty spanning the municipalities of Kusu and Nakatsu in Ōita Prefecture, Japan. Located within Yaba-Hita-Hikosan Quasi-National Park, it was selected as one of the 100 Landscapes of Japan during the Shōwa era.

paragraph_text: Rank Name Sex Age Birth Notes Dory Funk Jr. 7004280100000000000 ♠ 76 years, 251 days February 3, 1941 Still wrestles in his own promotion Funking Conservatory and various independent promotions in Japan. Great Kojika 7004275610000000000 ♠ 75 years, 167 days April 28, 1942 Still wrestles for Big Japan Pro Wrestling. Bushwhacker Luke 7004258450000000000 ♠ 70 years, 277 days January 8, 1947 Wrestles independent shows as of 2017 Nikolai Volkoff 7004255660000000000 ♠ 69 years, 363 days October 14, 1947 Wrestled independent shows in the US and Canada as of June 2017. 5 Great Kabuki 7004252360000000000 ♠ 69 years, 34 days September 8, 1948 Most recent match took place on May 21, 2017, in Japan for All Japan Pro Wrestling. 6 Mitsuo Momota 7004252230000000000 ♠ 69 years, 21 days September 21, 1948 Most recent match took place at the Wrestle - 1 card on May 14, 2017, in Japan. 7 Yoshiaki Fujiwara 7004250050000000000 ♠ 68 years, 168 days April 27, 1949 Makes occasional appearances in Japan as of 2017. 8 Kevin Sullivan 7004248230000000000 ♠ 67 years, 351 days October 26, 1949 Most recent match took place on June 9, 2017 at H2O Wrestling in Williamstown, New Jersey. 9 Jerry Lawler 7004247890000000000 ♠ 67 years, 317 days November 29, 1949 Wrestles in independent shows and is currently a color commentator for WWE. 10 Gran Hamada 7004244260000000000 ♠ 66 years, 319 days November 27, 1950 Makes occasional appearances in Japan as of 2017.

paragraph_text: The is an interdisciplinary graduate school located in Onna, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The school offers a 5-year PhD program in Science. Over half of the faculty and students are recruited from outside Japan, and all education and research is conducted entirely in English.

paragraph_text: The Indian National Army (INA; Azad Hind Fauj / ˈɑːzɑːð ˈhinð ˈfɔːdʒ /; lit.: Free Indian Army) was an armed force formed by Indian nationalists in 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. Its aim was to secure Indian independence from British rule. It formed an alliance with Imperial Japan in the latter's campaign in the Southeast Asian theatre of WWII. The army was first formed in 1942 under Mohan Singh, by Indian PoWs of the British - Indian Army captured by Japan in the Malayan campaign and at Singapore. This first INA collapsed and was disbanded in December that year after differences between the INA leadership and the Japanese military over its role in Japan's war in Asia. It was revived under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose after his arrival in Southeast Asia in 1943. The army was declared to be the army of Bose's Arzi Hukumat - e-Azad Hind (the Provisional Government of Free India). Under Bose's leadership, the INA drew ex-prisoners and thousands of civilian volunteers from the Indian expatriate population in Malaya (present - day Malaysia) and Burma. This second INA fought along with the Imperial Japanese Army against the British and Commonwealth forces in the campaigns in Burma, in Imphal and at Kohima, and later against the successful Burma Campaign of the Allies.

paragraph_text: The Axis states which assisted Japan included the authoritarian government of Thailand in World War II, which quickly formed a temporary alliance with the Japanese in 1941, as the Japanese forces were already invading the peninsula of southern Thailand. The Phayap Army sent troops to invade and occupy northeastern Burma, which was former Thai territory that had been annexed by Britain much earlier. Also involved were the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and Mengjiang (consisting of most of Manchuria and parts of Inner Mongolia respectively), and the collaborationist Wang Jingwei regime (which controlled the coastal regions of China).

paragraph_text: The Santa Maria in Porto Altarpiece is a painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Ercole de' Roberti, executed in 1479-1481 and housed in the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan, northern Italy.

paragraph_text: Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok.

paragraph_text: Bug is a 2002 American comedy film, directed by Phil Hay and Matt Manfredi. It was released on February 28, 2002.

paragraph_text: Yangtze Delta Universities Alliance is an alliance of eight prestigious universities located in east China. It was established in 2005.

paragraph_text: Nobukazu Hirai (born December 30, 1969) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently competing in All Japan Pro Wrestling as Super Hate. He is the son of former Japan Pro Wrestling Alliance wrestler Mitsu Hirai.

paragraph_text: Scarlet Alliance is Australia's national peak sex worker organisation. It was formed in 1989. As an organisation maintained entirely by current and former sex workers, Scarlet Alliance aims to achieve equality, social, legal, political, cultural and economic justice for workers in the sex industry.

paragraph_text: The 2008 Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix was the fifteenth round of the 2008 MotoGP Championship. It took place on the weekend of 26–28 September 2008 at the Twin Ring Motegi, located in Motegi, Japan.

paragraph_text: When "Le pillole di Ercole" was first released in Italy in 1960 the Committee for the Theatrical Review of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities rated it as VM16: not suitable for children under 16. In addition, the committee imposed the modification of the following scenes: 1) the scene in which Manfredi and Koscina hug each other on the bed will be shortened; 2) the scene in which Manfredi makes a house call to Valerie (reel 4); 3) the lines in which De Sica says "...I know, when I am with a woman..." until "...a hay barn" must be deleted. Document N° 32710 signed on 3 September 1960 by Minister Renzo Helfer.

paragraph_text: The Hölderlinturm (English: Hölderlin Tower) is a building located in Tübingen, Germany that served as the place of residence and death in the final years of poet Friedrich Hölderlin. He lived there from May 3, 1807 until his death in 1843. The building is located on the Neckar riverfront and is one of the most popularly known sites in Tübingen.

paragraph_text: Maria Landi (15?? – 19 January 1599), was a consort of Monaco by marriage to Ercole Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco.

paragraph_text: Death Note: Light Up the New World (デスノート Light up the NEW world, Desu Nōto Light up the NEW world) is a 2016 Japanese detective supernatural psychological horror thriller film directed by Shinsuke Sato. The film is based on the manga series Death Note written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata and is a sequel to Death Note 2: The Last Name (2006), but thematically takes place after the Death Note: New Generation mini series. It premiered in Japan on October 29, 2016, by Warner Bros.

paragraph_text: Rank Name Sex Birth date Death date Age Place of death or residence Jeanne Calment 21 February 1875 4 August 1997 122 years, 164 days France Sarah Knauss 24 September 1880 30 December 1999 119 years, 97 days United States Lucy Hannah 16 July 1875 21 March 1993 117 years, 248 days United States Marie - Louise Meilleur 29 August 1880 16 April 1998 117 years, 230 days Canada 5 Violet Brown 10 March 1900 15 September 2017 117 years, 189 days Jamaica 6 Emma Morano 29 November 1899 15 April 2017 117 years, 137 days Italy 7 Nabi Tajima 4 August 1900 Living 7004428270000000000 ♠ 117 years, 93 days Japan 8 Misao Okawa 5 March 1898 1 April 2015 117 years, 27 days Japan 9 María Capovilla 14 September 1889 27 August 2006 116 years, 347 days Ecuador 10 Susannah Mushatt Jones 6 July 1899 12 May 2016 116 years, 311 days United States

paragraph_text: Over time, the relative power of these five nations fluctuated, which by the dawn of the 20th century had served to create an entirely different balance of power. Some, such as the United Kingdom and Prussia (as the founder of the newly formed German state), experienced continued economic growth and political power. Others, such as Russia and Austria-Hungary, stagnated. At the same time, other states were emerging and expanding in power, largely through the process of industrialization. These countries seeking to attain great power status were: Italy after the Risorgimento, Japan after the Meiji Restoration, and the United States after its civil war. By the dawn of the 20th century, the balance of world power had changed substantially since the Congress of Vienna. The Eight-Nation Alliance was a belligerent alliance of eight nations against the Boxer Rebellion in China. It formed in 1900 and consisted of the five Congress powers plus Italy, Japan, and the United States, representing the great powers at the beginning of 20th century.

paragraph_text: Since the death of 117 - year - old Nabi Tajima of Japan on 21 April 2018, 117 - year - old Chiyo Miyako of Japan, born 2 May 1901, is the oldest living person in the world whose age has been documented. Since the death of 113 - year - old Francisco Núñez Olivera of Spain on 29 January 2018, 112 - year - old Masazō Nonaka of Japan, born 25 July 1905, is the world's oldest living man.

paragraph_text: He made significant career progress through the court of King Vajiravudh, but left government office to work privately as the country was going through political change which abolished absolute monarchy and decreased government employment of foreigners. However, by adopting a Thai identity and way of life, marrying a Thai woman and settling down permanently, Manfredi remained a relevant and respected figure in Thai architecture, and later became a lecturer at Chulalongkorn University. His works include various royal residences and public institutions, ranging in style from Venetian Gothic to modernist, and incorporated Thai traditional styles as well. He contributed to much of Bangkok's architectural heritage, but no complete records of his works were kept.

Question: What year did the country where Ercole Manfredi was born form an alliance with Japan?
Answer: 1941