Joan of Valois, Countess of Beaumont
Joan of Valois (1304–1363) was the daughter of Charles of Valois and his second wife Catherine I of Courtenay, titular empress of Constantinople.
Half sister to Philip VI of Valois, in around 1320 she married Robert III of Artois, Count of Beaumont-le-Roger and seigneur of Conches.
They had five known children:
Robert III of Artois had attempted to recover the title of count of Artois, which had been taken from him by his aunt Mahaut of Artois, but was condemned and exiled in 1331 for making and presenting forged documents in the process of filing against her.
Joan of Valois and their children were therefore imprisoned by order of her half-brother Philip VI.
Charles, Count of Valois
Charles of Valois( 12 March 1270 – 16 December 1325), the third son of Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon, was a member of the House of Capet and founder of the House of Valois, whose rule over France would start in 1328.
Charles ruled several principalities.
He held in appanage the counties of Valois, Alençon and Perche.
Through his marriage to Margaret of Anjou, he became Count of Anjou and Maine.
Through his marriage to Catherine I, titular empress of the Latin Empire, he was titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1301 – 1307, although he ruled from exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece.
The grandson of Louis IX of France, Charles of Valois was a son, brother, brother- in- law and son-in- law of kings or queens( of France, Navarre, England and Naples).
His descendants, the House of Valois, would become the royal house of France three years after his death, beginning with his son Philip VI of France.
Thomas Scott (diver)
Thomas Scott( 1907- date of death unknown) was an English diver.
Catherine de' Medici
Catherine de' Medici (13 April 1519 – 5 January 1589), was an Italian noblewoman who was queen consort of France from 1547 until 1559, by marriage to King Henry II, and Queen mother of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III from 1559 to 1589.
The years during which her sons reigned have been called "the age of Catherine de' Medici" as she had extensive, if at times varying, influence in the political life of France.
She was born in Florence to Lorenzo de’ Medici, Duke of Urbino and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne.
In 1533, at the age of fourteen, Catherine married Henry, second son of King Francis I and Queen Claude of France.
Catherine's marriage was arranged by her uncle Pope Clement VII.
Henry excluded Catherine from participating in state affairs and instead showered favors on his chief mistress, Diane de Poitiers, who wielded much influence over him.
Henry's death thrust Catherine into the political arena as mother of the frail 15-year-old King Francis II.
When he died in 1560, she became regent on behalf of her 10-year-old son King Charles IX and was granted sweeping powers.
From 1560 to 1563, she ruled France as regent for her son Charles IX, King of France.
After Charles died in 1574, Catherine played a key role in the reign of her third son, Henry III.
He dispensed with her advice only in the last months of her life (he would outlive her by seven months).
Catherine's three sons reigned in an age of almost constant civil and religious war in France.
The problems facing the monarchy were complex and daunting but Catherine was able to keep the monarchy and the state institutions functioning even at a minimum level.
At first, Catherine compromised and made concessions to the rebelling Calvinist Protestants, or Huguenots, as they became known.
She failed, however, to grasp the theological issues that drove their movement.
Later she resorted, in frustration and anger, to hard-line policies against them.
In return, she came to be blamed for the excessive persecutions carried out under her sons' rule, in particular for the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre of 1572, in which thousands of Huguenots were killed in Paris and throughout France.
Some historians have excused Catherine from blame for the worst decisions of the crown, though evidence for her ruthlessness can be found in her letters.
In practice, her authority was always limited by the effects of the civil wars.
Her policies, therefore, may be seen as desperate measures to keep the Valois monarchy on the throne at all costs, and her patronage of the arts as an attempt to glorify a monarchy whose prestige was in steep decline.
Without Catherine, it is unlikely that her sons would have remained in power.
According to Mark Strage, one of her biographers, Catherine was the most powerful woman in 16th-century Europe.
Marie of Valois, Duchess of Calabria
Marie of Valois( 1309 – 23 October 1331), was the eldest daughter of Charles of Valois by his third wife Mahaut of Châtillon.
She was a member of the House of Valois.
One of her five children was Queen Joanna I of Naples.
Elisabeth of the Palatinate
Elisabeth of the Palatinate( 26 December 1618 – 11 February 1680), also known as Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Elisabeth of the Palatinate, or Princess- Abbess of Herford Abbey, was the eldest daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine( who was briefly King of Bohemia), and Elizabeth Stuart.
Elisabeth of the Palatinate is a philosopher best known for her correspondence with René Descartes.
She was critical of Descartes' dualistic metaphysics and her work anticipated the metaphysical concerns of later philosophers.
Marie Elisabeth of France
Marie Elisabeth of France (27 October 1572 – 2 April 1578), was a French princess and member of the House of Valois.
She was the only child of King Charles IX of France and Elisabeth of Austria.
Her maternal grandparents were Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria of Spain, and her paternal grandparents were Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.
Etan Boritzer
Etan Boritzer( born 1950) is an American writer of children ’s literature who is best known for his book" What is God?" first published in 1989.
His best selling" What is?" illustrated children's book series on character education and difficult subjects for children is a popular teaching guide for parents, teachers and child- life professionals.
Boritzer gained national critical acclaim after" What is God?" was published in 1989 although the book has caused controversy from religious fundamentalists for its universalist views.
The other current books in the" What is?" series include
What is Love?,
What is Death?,
What is Beautiful?,
What is Funny?,
What is Right?,
What is Peace?,
What is Money?,
What is Dreaming?,
What is a Friend?,
What is True?,
What is a Family?,
What is a Feeling?"
The series is now also translated into 15 languages.
Boritzer was first published in 1963 at the age of 13 when he wrote an essay in his English class at Wade Junior High School in the Bronx, New York on the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
His essay was included in a special anthology by New York City public school children compiled and published by the New York City Department of Education.
Boritzer now lives in Venice, California and maintains his publishing office there also.
He has helped numerous other authors to get published through" How to Get Your Book Published!" programs.
Boritzer is also a yoga teacher who teaches regular classes locally and guest- teaches nationally.
He is also recognized nationally as an erudite speaker on" The Teachings of the Buddha."
Elisabeth of Valois
Elisabeth of Valois  (2 April 1545 – 3 October 1568) was a Spanish queen consort as the third spouse of Philip II of Spain.
She was the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.
Theodred II (Bishop of Elmham)
Theodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.
The date of Theodred's consecration unknown, but the date of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.

Question: When did Elisabeth Of Valois's mother die?
Answer: 5 January 1589