Edward I of England
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots , was King of England from 1272 to 1307.
Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as The Lord Edward.
The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved from an early age in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons.
In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford.
After reconciliation with his father, however, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War.
After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was hostage to the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and defeated the baronial leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265.
Within two years the rebellion was extinguished and, with England pacified, Edward joined the Ninth Crusade to the Holy Land.
Edward was on his way home in 1272 when he was informed that his father had died.
Making a slow return, he reached England in 1274 and was crowned at Westminster Abbey on 19 August.
Edward spent much of his reign reforming royal administration and common law.
Through an extensive legal inquiry, he investigated the tenure of various feudal liberties, while the law was reformed through a series of statutes regulating criminal and property law.
Increasingly, however, Edward's attention was drawn towards military affairs.
After suppressing a minor rebellion in Wales in 1276–77, Edward responded to a second rebellion in 1282–83 with a full-scale war of conquest.
After a successful campaign, he subjected Wales to English rule, built a series of castles and towns in the countryside and settled them with English people.
Next, his efforts were directed towards Scotland.
Initially invited to arbitrate a succession dispute, Edward claimed feudal suzerainty over the kingdom.
The war that followed continued after Edward's death, even though the English seemed victorious at several points.
Simultaneously, Edward found himself at war with France (a Scottish ally) after the French king Philip IV had confiscated the Duchy of Gascony, which until then had been held in personal union with the Kingdom of England.
Although Edward recovered his duchy, this conflict relieved English military pressure against Scotland.
At the same time there were problems at home.
In the mid-1290s, extensive military campaigns required high levels of taxation, and Edward met with both lay and ecclesiastical opposition.
These crises were initially averted, but issues remained unsettled.
When the King died in 1307, he left to his son Edward II an ongoing war with Scotland and many financial and political problems.
Edward
I was a tall man (6'2") for his era, hence the nickname "Longshanks".
He was temperamental, and this, along with his height, made him an intimidating man, and he often instilled fear in his contemporaries.
Nevertheless, he held the respect of his subjects for the way he embodied the medieval ideal of kingship, as a soldier, an administrator and a man of faith.
Modern historians are divided on their assessment of Edward
I: while some have praised him for his contribution to the law and administration, others have criticised him for his uncompromising attitude towards his nobility.
Currently, Edward I is credited with many accomplishments during his reign, including restoring royal authority after the reign of Henry III, establishing Parliament as a permanent institution and thereby also a functional system for raising taxes, and reforming the law through statutes.
At the same time, he is also often criticised for other actions, such as his brutal conduct towards the Welsh and Scots, and issuing the Edict of Expulsion in 1290, by which the Jews were expelled from England.
The Edict remained in effect for the rest of the Middle Ages, and it was over 350 years until it was formally overturned under Oliver Cromwell in 1657.
Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell
Margaret Wake," suo jure" 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell and Countess of Kent( c. 1297 – 19 September 1349) was the wife of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, the youngest surviving son of Edward I of England and Margaret of France.
Henry Grey, 8th Earl of Kent
Henry Grey, 8th Earl of Kent( c. 1583 – 21 November 1639) of Wrest Park, Bedfordshire was Earl of Kent from 1623 to his death.
He was born the only son of Charles Grey, 7th Earl of Kent and his wife Susan Cotton and educated at Trinity College, Cambridge.
On 16 November 1601, at St Martin- in- the- Fields, Henry married Elizabeth Talbot( 1582 – 7 December 1651), a daughter of Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury and Mary Cavendish.
There were no known children from this marriage.
He was knighted in 1603.
He was elected Member of Parliament for Tavistock in 1601 and knight of the shire for Bedfordshire in 1614.
He served as Lord Lieutenant of Bedfordshire from 1621 to 1627 and again from 1629 to his death.
From 1621 to 1623, Henry held the title jointly with his father Charles Grey, 7th Earl of Kent.
From 1625 to 1627 and again from 1629 to his death, he held the title jointly with Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Cleveland.
He died childless and his primary title as Earl of Kent was inherited by his closest male- line relative, Anthony Grey, 9th Earl of Kent, the Rector of Burbage, Leicestershire.
Anthony was a second cousin of his father as they were both great- grandsons of George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent.
His title of Baron Grey de Ruthyn was awarded by the House of Lords to his nephew Charles Longueville, 12th Baron Grey de Ruthyn, son of his sister Susan.
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester( 7 January 13558 or 9 September 1397) was the fifth surviving son and youngest child of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.
Thomas Wake, 2nd Baron Wake of Liddell
Thomas Wake, 2nd Baron Wake of Liddell( 1297 – 31 May 1349), English baron, belonged to a Lincolnshire family which had lands also in Cumberland, being the son of John Wake, 1st Baron Wake of Liddell( died 1300), who was summoned to parliament as a baron in 1295, and the grandson of Baldwin Wake( died 1282), both warriors of repute.
Among Thomas Wake's guardians were Piers Gaveston and Henry, Earl of Lancaster, whose daughter Blanche( d. 1380) he married before 1317.
This lady was the niece of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and her husband was thus attached to the Lancastrian party, but he did not follow Thomas of Lancaster in the proceedings which led to his death in 1322.
Hating the favourites of Edward II, Wake joined Queen Isabella in 1326 and was a member of the small council which advised the young king, Edward III; soon, however, he broke away from the queen and her ally, Roger Mortimer, and in conjunction with his father- in- law, now earl of Lancaster, he joined the malcontent barons.
He was possibly implicated in the plot which cost his brother- in- law, Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, his life in 1330, and he fled to France, returning to England after the overthrow of Isabella and Mortimer.
Edward III made him governor of the Channel Islands and he assisted Edward Balliol to invade Scotland, being afterwards sent on an errand to France.
In 1341 he incurred the displeasure of the king and was imprisoned, but he had been restored and had been employed in Brittany and elsewhere when he died childless.
His estates passed to his sister Margaret( d. 1349), widow of Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent, then to her son John( d. 1352), and later to her daughter Joan who became 4th Countess of Kent.
Through Joan of Kent's marriage to Thomas Holland the title and estates were passed down to the Holland family.
Wake founded a monastery Haltemprice Priory for the Austin canons at Newton near Cottingham, East Riding of Yorkshire where he is buried.
Richard Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh
Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh( 1396 – 1414) was the son and heir of Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester( 1373 – 1400), by Constance of York.
Constance was a daughter of Edmund of Langley, Duke of York, fourth surviving son of Edward III of England, and Isabella of Castile, a daughter of Peter of Castile.
He was married to his 2nd cousin Lady Eleanor Neville( a granddaughter of John of Gaunt, a brother of Edmund of York), but died young without leaving issue.
His heir was his younger sister Isabel, who married successively Earl of Worcester, and then his cousin, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick.
His widow Eleanor, Lady Burghersh remarried to Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland.
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk( 1 June 13004 August 1338), was the fifth son of King Edward I of England( 1272 – 1307), and the eldest child by his second wife, Margaret of France, the daughter of King Philip III of France.
He was, therefore, a younger half- brother of King Edward II( 1307 – 1327) and a full brother of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent.
He occupied the office of Earl Marshal of England.
George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent
George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent( 1454 – 25 December 1505) was the son of Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent and Lady Katherine Percy.
He was the Second Earl of Kent from 1490 to 1505.
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent (5 August 130119 March 1330) of Arundel Castle in Sussex, was the sixth son of King Edward I of England by his second wife Margaret of France and was thus a younger half-brother of King Edward II.
Edward I had intended to make substantial grants of land to Edmund, but when the king died in 1307, Edward II failed to follow through on his father's intentions, much due to his favouritism towards Piers Gaveston.
Edmund still remained loyal to his brother, and in 1321 he was created Earl of Kent.
He played an important part in Edward's administration, acting both as diplomat and military commander, and in 1321–22 helped suppress a rebellion against the King.
Discontent against the King grew, however, and eventually affected also Edmund.
The antagonism was largely caused by Edward's preference for his new favourites, Hugh Despenser the Younger and his father.
In 1326, Edmund joined a rebellion led by Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer, whereby King Edward II was deposed.
Edmund failed to get along with the new administration, and in 1330 he was caught planning a new rebellion, and executed.
Once the new king, Edward III, came of age and assumed personal control of government, he annulled the charges against his uncle.
The title and estates of the Earl of Kent descended on Edmund's son, also called Edmund.
When this Edmund died, in 1331, his brother John became earl.
Though he was officially exonerated, Edmund did not enjoy a great reputation during his life and afterwards, due to his unreliable political dealings.
Henry Grey, 4th Earl of Kent
Henry Grey, 4th Earl of Kent( c. 1495 – 24 September 1562) was Earl of Kent from 1524 to his death.
He was a son of George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent and his second wife Catherine Herbert.
His maternal grandparents were William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Anne Devereux.
His father was previously married to Anne Woodville, a daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and Jacquetta of Luxembourg.
His only known paternal half- brother was Richard Grey, 3rd Earl of Kent.
Richard succeeded their father as Earl of Kent but wound up heavily in debt, probably through gambling, and was forced to alienate most of his property.
A good part ended up in the crown's hands; historians disagree regarding what this says about the relationship of Henry VII of England with the aristocracy.
When Richard died childless, Henry inherited the title of Earl of Kent and what was left of the associated property.
Henry tried, with little success, to reacquire the property Richard had sold, and had to live as a modest gentleman, never formally taking title as earl.
He married Anne Blennerhassett daughter of John Blennerhassett and Jane Higham.
They had two children:

Question: What is the place of birth of Edmund Of Woodstock, 1St Earl Of Kent's father?
Answer: Westminster