Maria, Duchess of Guelders
Marie of Guelders( † May 12, 1405) was one of two pretenders to the title of Duchess of Guelders and Countess of Zutphen on behalf of her son during the War of the Guelderian Succession from 1371 to 1379.
The war began after the deaths of her brothers, Reginald III of Guelders and Edward of Guelders.
Edward died from wounds received at the Battle of Baesweiler, and Reginald, who was known as the fat, died months later.
Succession was also claimed by Marie's sister, Mathilda, whose side was called the" Heeckerens" and were led by Frederik van Heeckeren van der Eze( 1320- 1386).
Her party was called the" Bronckhorsters" and was led by Gijsbert V van Bronckhorst( 1328- 1356).
Upon victory of her party, the title of Duke of Guelders went to her son, William.
Marie was daughter of Reginald II, Duke of Guelders and Sophie Berthout, lady of Malines.
On December 25, 1362, she married William II, Duke of Jülich( † 1393).
They had three children:
Tjuyu
Tjuyu( sometimes transliterated as Thuya or Thuyu) was an Egyptian noblewoman and the mother of queen Tiye, and the wife of Yuya.
She is the grandmother of Akhenaten, and great grandmother of Tutankhamun.
Hubba bint Hulail
Hubba bint Hulail was the grandmother of Hashim ibn' Abd Manaf, thus the great- great- great- grandmother of the Islamic" Nabī"( Prophet) Muhammad ibn Abdullah.
Maarten van Rossum
Maarten van Rossum( c. 1478 – June 7, 1555) was a military tactician of the duchy of Guelders who became field marshal in the service of Charles, Duke of Guelders.
He was greatly feared outside his home country for the ruthless manner in which he waged war.
In a long career, he often put his motto Blaken en branden is het sieraad van de oorlogBurning and torching is the jewel of war") into practice.
His way of waging war was quite similar to that of his Italian colleagues, the condottieri, and was characterized by guerrilla- like tactics, in which the civilian population was spared even less than was usual in his time.
For thirty years he served the interests of the Dukes of Guelders in their struggle to safeguard the independence of the Duchy of Guelders against the Habsburg Netherlands of Charles V. Van Rossum had a number of military successes obtained through his use of ruses, daring and the indiscriminate destruction of civilian lives and property.
After the collapse of the Duchy of Guelders, he fought the last years of his life in the service of his old enemy Emperor Charles V against France.
Catherine of Cleves (1417–1479)
Catherine of Cleves (25 May 1417 – 10 February 1479) was Duchess of Guelders by marriage to Arnold, Duke of Guelders.
She acted as regent of Guelders during the absence of her spouse in 1450.
The Hours of Catherine of Cleves was commissioned for her.
Catharine of Bourbon
Catharine of Bourbon (1440 in Liège – 21 May 1469 in Nijmegen) was Duchess of Guelders from 1465-1469 by her marriage to Adolf, Duke of Guelders.
She was a daughter of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon and his wife Agnes of Burgundy.
Otto I, Count of Guelders
Otto I of Guelders( 1150 – 1207) was a Count of Guelders and Zutphen from 1182 until his death in 1207.
He was a son of Duke Hendrik of Guelders and Agnes of Arnstein.
He married Richardis of Bavaria in 1184.
Richardis was a daughter of Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria.
Reginald II, Duke of Guelders
Reginald II of Guelders, called" the Black"( c. 1295 – 12 October 1343), was Count of Guelders, and from 1339 onwards Duke of Guelders, and Zutphen, in the Low Countries, from 1326 to 1343.
He was the son of Reginald I of Guelders and Marguerite of Flanders.
Charles II, Duke of Guelders
Charles II (9 November 1467 – 30 June 1538) was a member of the House of Egmond who ruled as Duke of Guelders and Count of Zutphen from 1492 until his death.
He was the son of Adolf of Egmond and Catharine of Bourbon.
He had a principal role in the Frisian peasant rebellion and the Guelders Wars.
Catherine of Guelders
Catherine of Guelders( ca. 1440 – Guelders, January 25, 1497), was regent of the Duchy of Guelders between 1477 and 1492.
Catherine of Guelders was the fourth and youngest child of Arnold, Duke of Guelders( 1410- 1473) and Catherine of Cleves( 1417 – 1479).< br>
Until 1477, she led an inconspicuous life, in the shadow of her brother Adolf, at war with his father, and her sisters Mary, married to King James II of Scotland and Margaret, married to Frederick I, Count Palatine of Simmern .<br>
Despite efforts by her father, no suitable husband was found for Catherine .< br> 17th century theories that she was secretly married with Louis de Bourbon, Bishop of Liège, are now believed to be false.
Everything changed for Catherine in 1477, when Charles the Bold was killed in the Battle of Nancy.
Guelders had been under control of Charles the Bold since 1473, and now saw the chance to regain its independence.
As her brother Adolf was in Flanders, the States of Guelders convinced him to appoint his sister Catherine as regent, pending his return.
Catherine reluctantly agreed.
But the regency lasted much longer than expected because Adolf was killed in battle on June 27, 1477.
She then continued to rule as regent for his son Charles II, who was held with his sister Philippa by the Burgundians.
Catherine became involved in the Guelderian War of Independence with Maximilian of Austria.
In 1482, she was forced to conclude peace with Maximilian and to retire from politics.
In 1492, she witnessed the regained independence of Guelders under her nephew Charles II, Duke of Guelders .< br>
Catherine died in 1497 and was buried in the church of Geldern, where her grave can still be seen.

Question: Who is Charles Ii, Duke Of Guelders's maternal grandmother?
Answer: Agnes of Burgundy