Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine
Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, later Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven
(Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie; 5 April 1863 – 24 September 1950) was the eldest daughter of Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1837–1892), and his first wife Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (1843–1878), daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Her mother died while her brother and sisters were still young, which placed her in an early position of responsibility over her siblings.
Over her father's disapproval, she married his first cousin Prince Louis of Battenberg, an officer in the United Kingdom's Royal Navy, and lived most of her married life in various parts of Europe at her husband's naval posts and visiting her many royal relations.
She was perceived by her family as liberal in outlook, straightforward, practical and bright.
During World War I, she and her husband abandoned their German titles and adopted the British-sounding surname of Mountbatten, which was simply a translation into English of the German "Battenberg".
Two of her sisters—Elisabeth and Alix, who had married into the Russian imperial family—were killed by communist revolutionaries.
She was the maternal grandmother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, the consort of Queen Elizabeth II.
Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse
Louis II( 26 December 1777 – 16 June 1848) was Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 6 April 1830 until 5 March 1848, resigning during the German Revolution of 1848.
He was the son of Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse, and Princess Louise of Hesse- Darmstadt.
Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine
Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine( Friedrich Wilhelm August Victor Leopold Ludwig; 7 October 1870 – 29 May 1873) was the haemophiliac second son of Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse, and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, one of the daughters of Queen Victoria.
He was also a maternal great- uncle of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh through his eldest sister Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine.
Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine
Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine(" Irene Luise Marie Anne, Princess of Hesse and by Rhine", 11 July 1866 – 11 November 1953) was the third child and third daughter of Princess Alice of the United Kingdom and Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.
Her maternal grandparents were Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe- Coburg and Gotha.
Her paternal grandparents were Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Elizabeth of Prussia.
She was the wife of Prince Henry of Prussia, a younger brother of Wilhelm II, German Emperor and her first cousin.
The SS" Prinzessin Irene", a liner of the North German Lloyd was named after her.
Her siblings included Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, wife of Prince Louis of Battenberg, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia, wife of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia, wife of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia.
Like her younger sister, the empress, Irene was a carrier of the hemophilia gene, and Irene would lose her sisters Alix and Elisabeth in Russia to the Bolsheviks.
Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine
Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine (23 April 1809 - 20 March 1877) was the second surviving son of Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Wilhelmine of Baden.
Margaret, Princess of Hesse and by Rhine
Margaret, Princess of Hesse and by Rhine( born Margaret Campbell Geddes, 18 March 1913 – 26 January 1997) was the wife of Louis, Prince of Hesse and by Rhine, the last prince of the House of Hesse- Darmstadt.
Born in Ireland, she became a noted art patron in her adopted homeland of Germany.
Princess Alice of the United Kingdom
Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (Alice Maud Mary; 25 April 1843 – 14 December 1878) was the Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine from 1877 to 1878.
She was the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
Alice was the first of Queen Victoria's nine children to die, and one of three to be outlived by their mother, who died in 1901.
Alice spent her early childhood in the company of her parents and siblings, travelling between the British royal residences.
Her education was devised by Albert's close friend and adviser, Baron Stockmar, and included practical activities like needlework and woodwork and languages like French and German.
When her father, Prince Albert, became fatally ill in December 1861, Alice nursed him until his death.
Following his death, Queen Victoria entered a period of intense mourning and Alice spent the next six months acting as her mother's unofficial secretary.
On 1 July 1862, while the court was still at the height of mourning, Alice married the minor German Prince Louis of Hesse, heir to the Grand Duchy of Hesse.
The ceremony—conducted privately and with unrelieved gloom at Osborne House—was described by the Queen as "more of a funeral than a wedding".
The Princess's life in Darmstadt was unhappy as a result of impoverishment, family tragedy and worsening relations with her husband and mother.
Alice was a prolific patron of women's causes and showed an interest in nursing, especially the work of Florence Nightingale.
When Hesse became involved in the Austro-Prussian War, Darmstadt filled with the injured; the heavily pregnant Alice devoted a lot of her time to the management of field hospitals.
One of her organisations, the Princess Alice Women's Guild, took over much of the day-to-day running of the state's military hospitals.
As a result of this activity, Queen Victoria became concerned about Alice's directness about medical and, in particular, gynaecological, matters.
In 1871, she wrote to Alice's younger sister, Princess Louise, who had recently married: Don't" let Alice pump you.
Be "very" silent and cautious about your 'interior'".
In 1877, Alice became Grand Duchess upon the accession of her husband, her increased duties putting further strains on her health.
In late 1878, diphtheria infected the Hessian court.
Alice nursed her family for over a month before falling ill herself, dying later that year.
Princess Alice was the mother of Tsaritsa Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia
(wife of Tsar Nicholas II), maternal grandmother of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma (the last Viceroy of India), and maternal great-grandmother of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (consort of Queen Elizabeth II).
Another daughter, Elisabeth, who married Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, was, like the tsaritsa and her family, killed by the Bolsheviks in 1918.
Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse
Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine( 9 June 1806, Darmstadt – 13 June 1877, Seeheim) was Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 1848 until his death in 1877.
Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt (1761–1829)
Louise Henriette Karoline of Hesse- Darmstadt( 15 February 1761 – 24 October 1829), was the first Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine by marriage.
Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse
Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse( 14 June 1753 in Prenzlau – 6 April 1830 in Darmstadt) was" Landgrave of Hesse- Darmstadt"( as" Louis X") and later the first" Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine".

Question: What is the cause of death of Princess Victoria Of Hesse And By Rhine's mother?
Answer: diphtheria