Quasi-Monte Carlo method
In numerical analysis, the quasi-Monte Carlo method is a method for numerical integration and solving some other problems using low-discrepancy sequences (also called quasi-random sequences or sub-random sequences).
This is in contrast to the regular Monte Carlo method or Monte Carlo integration, which are based on sequences of pseudorandom numbers.
Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo methods are stated in a similar way.
The problem is to approximate the integral of a function "f" as the average of the function evaluated at a set of points "xx":
Since we are integrating over the "s"-dimensional unit cube, each "x" is a vector of "s" elements.
The difference between quasi-Monte Carlo and Monte Carlo is the way the x are chosen.
Quasi-Monte Carlo uses a low-discrepancy sequence such as the Halton sequence, the Sobol sequence, or the Faure sequence, whereas Monte Carlo uses a pseudorandom sequence.
The advantage of using low-discrepancy sequences is a faster rate of convergence.
Quasi-Monte Carlo has a rate of convergence close to O(1/"N"), whereas the rate for the Monte Carlo method is O("N").
The Quasi-Monte Carlo method recently became popular in the area of mathematical finance or computational finance.
In these areas, high-dimensional numerical integrals, where the integral should be evaluated within a threshold ε, occur frequently.
Hence, the Monte Carlo method and the quasi-Monte Carlo method are beneficial in these situations.
Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo( or colloquially" Monte- Carl") is officially an administrative area of the Principality of Monaco, specifically the ward of Monte Carlo/ Spélugues, where the Monte Carlo Casino is located.
Informally, the name also refers to a larger district, the Monte Carlo Quarter( corresponding to the former municipality of Monte Carlo), which besides Monte Carlo/ Spélugues also includes the wards of La Rousse/ Saint Roman, Larvotto/ Bas Moulins, and Saint Michel.
The permanent population of the ward of Monte Carlo is about 3,500, while that of the quarter is about 15,000.
Monaco has four traditional quarters.
From west to east they are: Fontvieille( the newest), Monaco- Ville( the oldest), La Condamine, and Monte Carlo.
Monte Carlo is situated on a prominent escarpment at the base of the Maritime Alps along the French Riviera.
Near the quarter's western end is the world- famous Place du Casino, the gambling center which has made Monte Carlo" an international byword for the extravagant display and reckless dispersal of wealth".
It is also the location of the Hôtel de Paris, Café de Paris and Salle Garnier( the casino theatre which is the home of the Opéra de Monte- Carlo).
The quarter's eastern part includes the community of Larvotto with Monaco's only public beach, as well as its new convention center( the Grimaldi Forum), and the Monte- Carlo Bay Hotel& Resort.
At the quarter's eastern border, one crosses into the French town of Beausoleil( sometimes referred to as Monte- Carlo- Supérieur), and just to its east is the western border of Italy.
April Blair
April Blair is an American writer and producer of film and television.
Blair has written scripts for the films," Christmas CaperLemonade Mouth".
She also co-wrote with director Tom Bezucha, the film" Monte Carlo" starring Selena Gomez, Leighton Meester and Katie Cassidy.
Blair is also the creator and executive producer of the 2012 ABC Family series" Jane by Design".
Monte Carlo Nights
Monte Carlo Nights is a 1934 American pre-Code film directed by William Nigh.
Monte Carlo (1925 film)
" Not to be confused with Monte Carlo( 1926 film) Monte Carlo is a 1925 French silent drama film directed by Louis Mercanton and starring Carlyle Blackwell, Betty Balfour and Rachel Devirys.
The film is based on a novel of the same title by E. Phillips Oppenheim.
The casting of Blackwell and Balfour in leading roles was intended to give the film appeal in the British market.
Blame It on the Girls
" Blame It on the Girls" is the third and final single released from singer- songwriter Mika's second studio album," The Boy Who Knew Too Much".
The single was released on 15 February 2010.
The song was produced and mixed by Greg Wells.
It is also played in the credits of the film" Monte Carlo".
William Nigh
William Nigh (October 12, 1881 – November 27, 1955) was an American film director, writer, and actor.
His film work sometimes lists him as either "Will Nigh" or "William Nye".
Etan Boritzer
Etan Boritzer( born 1950) is an American writer of children ’s literature who is best known for his book" What is God?" first published in 1989.
His best selling" What is?" illustrated children's book series on character education and difficult subjects for children is a popular teaching guide for parents, teachers and child- life professionals.
Boritzer gained national critical acclaim after" What is God?" was published in 1989 although the book has caused controversy from religious fundamentalists for its universalist views.
The other current books in the" What is?" series include
What is Love?,
What is Death?,
What is Beautiful?,
What is Funny?,
What is Right?,
What is Peace?,
What is Money?,
What is Dreaming?,
What is a Friend?,
What is True?,
What is a Family?,
What is a Feeling?"
The series is now also translated into 15 languages.
Boritzer was first published in 1963 at the age of 13 when he wrote an essay in his English class at Wade Junior High School in the Bronx, New York on the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
His essay was included in a special anthology by New York City public school children compiled and published by the New York City Department of Education.
Boritzer now lives in Venice, California and maintains his publishing office there also.
He has helped numerous other authors to get published through" How to Get Your Book Published!" programs.
Boritzer is also a yoga teacher who teaches regular classes locally and guest- teaches nationally.
He is also recognized nationally as an erudite speaker on" The Teachings of the Buddha."
Theodred II (Bishop of Elmham)
Theodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.
The date of Theodred's consecration unknown, but the date of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.
Place of birth
The place of birth( POB) or birthplace is the place where a person was born.
This place is often used in legal documents, together with name and date of birth, to uniquely identify a person.
As a general rule with respect to passports, the place of birth is determined to be the country that currently has" sovereignty" over the actual place of birth, regardless of when the birth actually occurred.
The place of birth is not necessarily the place where the parents of the new baby live.
If the baby is born in a hospital in another place, that place is the place of birth.
In many countries, this also means that the government requires that the birth of the new baby is registered in the place of birth.
Some countries place less or no importance on the place of birth, instead using alternative geographical characteristics for the purpose of identity documents.
For example, Sweden has used the concept of" födelsehemortdomicile of birth") since 1947.
This means that the domicile of the baby's mother is the registered place of birth.
The location of the maternity ward or other physical birthplace is considered unimportant.
Similarly, Switzerland uses the concept of" Heimatortlieu d'origineluogo d'origineplace of origin" in German, French and Italian respectively).
A child born to Swiss parents is automatically assigned the place of origin of the parent with the same last name, so the child either gets their mother's or father's place of origin.
A child born to one Swiss parent and one foreign parent acquires the place of origin of their Swiss parent.
In a Swiss passport and identity card, the holder's place of origin is stated, not their place of birth.
In some countries( primarily in the Americas), the place of birth automatically determines the nationality of the baby, a practice often referred to by the Latin phrase" jus soli".
Almost all countries outside the Americas instead attribute nationality based on the nationality( ies) of the baby's parents( referred to as" jus sanguinis").
There can be some confusion regarding the place of birth if the birth takes place in an unusual way: when babies are born on an airplane or at sea, difficulties can arise.
The place of birth of such a person depends on the law of the countries involved, which include the nationality of the plane or ship, the nationality( ies) of the parents and/ or the location of the plane or ship( if the birth occurs in the territorial waters or airspace of a country).
Some administrative forms may request the applicant's" country of birth".
It is important to determine from the requester whether the information requested refers to the applicant's" place of birth" or" nationality at birth".
For US citizens born abroad who under the US Constitution acquire US citizenship at the time of birth, the nationality at birth will be USA( American), while the place of birth would be the country in which the actual birth takes place.

Question: When is the director of film Monte Carlo Nights 's birthday?
Answer: October 12, 1881