Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine
Charles Louis, , Elector Palatine KG (22 December 1617 – 28 August 1680) was the second son of Frederick V of the Palatinate, the "Winter King" of Bohemia, and of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia and sister of Charles I of England.
After living the first half of his life in exile during the German Thirty Years' War and the English Civil War, in 1649 Charles Louis reclaimed his father's title of Elector Palatine along with most of his former territories.
Louis VI, Elector Palatine
Ludwig VI, Elector Palatine( 4 July 1539 in Simmern – 22 October 1583 in Heidelberg), was an Elector from the Palatinate- Simmern branch of the house of Wittelsbach.
He was the first- born son of Frederick III, Elector Palatine and Marie of Brandenburg- Kulmbach.
Marie Luise von Degenfeld
Luise von Degenfeld( 28 November 1634 – 18 March 1677) was the morganatic second wife of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine.
Born Maria Susanne Luise von Degenfeld in Strasbourg, she was the daughter of an impoverished baron, Martens- Christof von Degenfeld and his wife, Maria Anna Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden.
In 1650 she was appointed a lady- in- waiting at the Electoral Palace at Heidelberg to Charlotte of Hesse- Kassel, the consort of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine.
He was the son and heir of Frederick V, the" Winter King" of Bohemia, by Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of James I of England.
Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
Elizabeth Stuart (19 August 159613 February 1662) was Electress of the Palatinate and briefly Queen of Bohemia as the wife of Frederick V of the Palatinate.
Because her husband's reign in Bohemia lasted for just one winter, Elizabeth is often referred to as the "Winter Queen".
Elizabeth was the second child and eldest daughter of James VI and I, King of Scotland, England, and Ireland, and his wife, Anne of Denmark.
With the demise of the last Stuart monarch in 1714, Elizabeth's grandson succeeded to the British throne as George I, initiating the Hanoverian dynasty.
Charles Louis d'Albert de Luynes
Charles Louis d'Albert de Luynes (Marie Charles Louis; 24 April 1717 – 8 October 1771) was a French nobleman and member of the House of Albert.
He was the fifth Duke of Luynes as well as Duke of Chevreuse.
Charles II, Elector Palatine
Charles II( 10 April 1651, in Heidelberg – 26 May 1685, in Heidelberg) was Elector Palatine from 1680 to 1685.
He was the son of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and Charlotte of Hesse- Kassel.
Charles Schomberg, Marquess of Harwich
Charles Schomberg, Marquess of Harwich( 15 December 1683 – 5 October 1713) was a British soldier.
He was the only son of Meinhardt Schomberg and his second wife Raugravine Caroline Elizabeth, daughter of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and Marie Luise von Degenfeld.
His father entered the service of William III of England and was created Duke of Leinster and Earl of Bangor in 1691, before succeeding as 3rd Duke of Schomberg and Marquess of Harwich in 1693.
Lord Harwich succeeded his father as Colonel of the 8th Horse on 27 January 1711, and served in France during the War of the Spanish Succession.
He died of consumption while travelling from Ireland to London and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Charles II, Duke of Parma
Charles Louis( 22 December 1799 – 16 April 1883) was King of Etruria( 1803 – 1807; reigned as Louis II), Duke of Lucca( 1824 – 1847; reigned as Charles I), and Duke of Parma( 1847 – 1849; reigned as Charles II).
He was the only son of Louis, Prince of Piacenza, and his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.
Born at the Royal Palace of Madrid at the court of his maternal grandfather King Charles IV of Spain, he spent his first years living at the Spanish court.
In 1801, by the Treaty of Aranjuez, Charles became Crown Prince of Etruria, a newly created kingdom formed from territories of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
Charles moved to Italy with his parents and in 1803, not yet four years old, he succeeded his father as King of Etruria under the name Charles Louis I. His mother Infanta Maria Luisa assumed the regency while Charles Louis' minority lasted.
In 1807 Napoleon Bonaparte dissolved the kingdom of Etruria and Charles Louis and his mother took refuge in Spain.
In May 1808 they were forced to leave Spain by Napoleon who arrested Charles Louis' mother in a convent in Rome.
Between 1811 and 1814 Charles Louis was placed under the care of his grandfather, the deposed King Charles IV of Spain.
After Napoleon's fall, in 1817, Infanta Maria Luisa became Duchess of Lucca in her own right and Charles Louis, age sixteen, became hereditary Prince of Lucca.
In 1820 he married Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy.
They were a mismatched couple and had only one surviving son.
At his mother's death in 1824, Charles Louis became the reigning Duke of Lucca as Charles I.
He had little interest in ruling.
He left the duchy in the hands of his ministers and spent most of his time traveling around Europe.
A liberal movement led him to abdicate Lucca in favor of the Grand Duke of Tuscany in October 1847 in exchange for financial compensation, as he wanted to retire to private life.
Two months later, in December 1847, at the death of the former Empress Marie Louise, he succeeded her as the reigning Duke of Parma according to what had been stipulated by the Congress of Vienna.
His reign in Parma as Duke Charles II was brief.
He was ill- received by his new subjects and within a few months he was ousted by a revolution.
He regained control of Parma under the protection of Austrian troops, but finally abdicated in favor of his son Charles III on 14 March 1849.
His son was assassinated in 1854 and his grandson Robert I, the last reigning Duke of Parma, was deposed in 1860.
In exile Charles Louis assumed the title of count of Villafranca.
He spent the last years of his life mostly in France, dying at Nice on 16 April 1883.
Landgravine Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
Charlotte of Hesse- Kassel( 20 November 1627 – 26 March 1686) was the consort of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and mother of Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate.
Frederick IV, Elector Palatine
Frederick IV, Elector Palatine of the Rhine( 5 March
1574 – 19 September 1610), only surviving son of Louis VI, Elector Palatine and Elisabeth of Hesse, called" Frederick the Righteous"( French:" Frédéric IV le juste").

Question: What nationality is Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine's mother?
Answer: British