Kaya Alp
Kaya Alp was, according to Ottoman tradition, the son of Kızıl Buğa and the father of Suleyman Shah, who was, in turn, the grandfather of Ertuğrul, and the great grandfather of the Ottoman Empire founder, Osman I.
Princess Lan
Princess Lan( 蘭王妃, personal name unknown) was the wife of Murong Sheng( Emperor Zhaowu), an emperor of the Chinese/ Xianbei state Later Yan, while he was an imperial prince.
Princess Lan was the daughter of Lan Han the Prince of Dunqiu and his wife Lady Yi.
It is not known when she married Murong Sheng, but as of 398, she carried the title of princess, because Murong Sheng was the Prince of Changle under the reign of his father Murong Bao( Emperor Huimin).
That year, after a rebellion secretly instigated by Lan Han, Murong Bao and Murong Sheng were forced to flee from the capital Longcheng( 龍城, in modern Jinzhou, Liaoning).
During that flight, Princess Lan was described to have carefully served her mother- in- law, Murong Bao's concubine Consort Ding.
Later that year, Lan Han laid a trap for Murong Bao and tricked him into believing that he was still faithful to Murong Bao, and then as Murong Bao approached Longcheng, he had Murong Bao killed.
He then took over the throne.
However, due to pleas from Princess Lan and Lady Yi, Lan Han did not execute Murong Sheng.
Later that year, Murong Sheng overthrew Lan Han in a coup and restored Later Yan as its emperor.
He considered executing Princess Lan, as the daughter of a traitor, but Consort Ding( then an empress dowager) interceded on her behalf, reasoning that Princess Lan was the one who protected both Murong Sheng and herself, and Princess Lan was spared.
However, she would never be empress.
Murong
Sheng never created another person as empress during his reign, either, suggesting that he still considered Princess Lan as his wife.
Murong Sheng was assassinated in 401, and no further historical reference was made to Princess Lan after that point.
Abd al-Muttalib
Abd al- Muttalib Shaybah ibn Hashim( c. 497 – 578) was the grandfather of Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Fu Song'e
Fu Song'e( 苻娀娥, died September 404) was a consort of Murong Xi( Emperor Zhaowen), emperor of the Chinese/ Xianbei state Later Yan.
She was posthumously honored as Empress Min( 愍皇后).
She was the older sister of Murong Xi's empress Fu Xunying.
Lan Han
Lan Han( died August 15, 398) was an official of the Xianbei state Later Yan, who killed the emperor Murong Bao( Emperor Huimin) in 398 and briefly took over the regime before being killed by Murong Bao's son Murong Sheng( Emperor Zhaowu).
Lan Han was an uncle of Murong Bao's father Murong Chui( Emperor Wucheng), the founding emperor of Later Yan, as a younger brother of his mother Consort Lan( although some references indicate that he was her cousin, not her brother), and in 384 he assisted Murong Chui's son Murong Nong in starting a rebellion against Former Qin to assist Murong Chui's main rebellion.
During Murong
Chui's reign he was sparsely mentioned in history.
In 387 he was one of the commanders in a Later Yan campaign against Jin.
In 391 he commanded a force against a chieftain of the Xianbei Helan( 賀蘭) Tribe, Helan Ran'gan( 賀蘭染干).
During Murong Chui's reign, he married one of his daughters to Murong Sheng, then the Duke of Changle.
As of 395 Lan Han was referred to as the Prince of Yangcheng and was defending Jicheng( modern Beijing).
( This reference, however, may be in error, as in 396, after Murong Chui had died and been succeeded by Murong Bao, a cousin of Murong Chui's, Murong Lan( 慕容蘭), was referred to as the Prince of Yangcheng and defending Jicheng, so it could have been that both references were supposed to be to Lan Han or neither was.)
In spring 398, after a rebellion by the general Duan Sugu( 段速骨) had Murong Bao sieged behind the walls of Longcheng( 龍城, in modern Jinzhou, Liaoning), Lan Han was described as having the title of Prince of Dunqiu and commanding an army near the city, but secretly aligned with Duan.
It was at his instigation that Murong Nong surrendered to Duan, causing the morale of Murong Bao's army to collapse and Longcheng to fall, forcing Murong Bao to flee.
Less than a month later, however, Lan ambushed Duan and took over Longcheng and temporarily installed Murong Bao's crown prince Murong Ce( 慕容策) as leader while sending messengers to try to welcome Murong Bao back to Longcheng.
He also resumed sacrifices to Later Yan ancestral temples to show that he was still faithful to the Later Yan state.
Murong Bao, based on Murong Sheng's advice, initially declined Lan's request and tried to head south to join his uncle Murong De, but upon hearing that Murong De had assumed imperial powers himself earlier in the year, returned north again under escort by Lan Han's brother Lan Jia'nan( 蘭加難).
As the procession neared Longcheng, however, Lan Jia'nan, likely under Lan Han's orders, killed Murong Bao.
Lan Han then killed Murong Ce and a number of other Murong princes as well and declared himself Grand Chanyu and the Prince of Changli.
He also changed era name to Qinglong( 青龍), signifying that he was declaring a new state.
Murong
Sheng, who had been suspicious of his father- in- law's intentions and therefore did not join his father's procession back to Longcheng, now decided to arrive at Longcheng to mourn his father, judging correctly that Lan Han would not kill him both because he was Lan's son-in- law and because he pitied Murong Sheng for the destruction of his clan.
As Murong Sheng arrived at Longcheng, his wife Princess Lan further bowed not only to her father but her brothers as well, begging for Murong Sheng's life, and she was joined by Lan Han's wife Lady Yi. Lan Han therefore spared him.
Murong
Sheng soon managed to sow seeds of suspicion between Lan Han and his brothers Lan Jia'nan and Lan Ti( 蘭堤).
He created his son Lan Mu( 蘭穆) crown prince.
Lan Han also spared Murong Qi( 慕容奇) the Prince of Taiyuan, whose mother was also a daughter of Lan Han.
Murong Sheng and Murong
Qi then conspired for Murong Qi to flee out of the city and start an uprising.
Murong
Sheng, meanwhile, suggested to Lan Han that Lan Ti, not himself, was behind Murong Qi's rebellion.
Further, at this time, because of a severe drought, Lan Han went to pray to the Later Yan ancestral temples and Murong Bao's spirit, blaming Murong Bao's murder on Lan Jia'nan.
Upon hearing these things, Lan Ti and Lan Jia'nan became angry and started a rebellion of their own.
Lan
Mu, meanwhile, suggested that Murong Sheng be killed, and Lan Han initially agreed, but Murong Sheng, upon hearing the news through Princess Lan, declined to attend an imperial meeting that Lan Han called, and Lan Han soon changed his mind.
Soon thereafter, after Lan Mu had won a victory over Lan Ti and Lan Jia'nan, Lan Han held a feast for the soldiers, at which both he and Lan Mu became extremely drunk.
Murong
Sheng used this opportunity to join some army officers whom he had persuaded to join his cause, and they killed Lan Han and Lan Mu, and then Lan Ti, Lan Jia'nan, and Lan Han's other sons Lan He( 蘭和) the Duke of Lu and Lan Yang( 蘭揚) the Duke of Chen.
Murong
Sheng then took the throne.
Lyon Cohen
Lyon Cohen( 1868–1937) was a Polish- born Canadian businessman and a philanthropist.
He was the grandfather of singer/ poet Leonard Cohen.
Murong Bao
Murong Bao (355–398), courtesy name Daoyou (道佑),
Xianbei name Kugou (庫勾),
formally Emperor Huimin of (Later) Yan ((後)燕惠愍帝), temple name Liezong
(烈宗) or Liezu (烈祖), was an emperor of the Chinese/Xianbei state Later Yan.
He inherited from his father Murong Chui (Emperor Wucheng) a sizable empire but lost most of it within a span of a year, and would be dead in less than three, a victim of a rebellion by his granduncle Lan Han.
Historians largely attributed this to his irresolution and inability to judge military and political decisions.
While Later Yan would last for one more decade after his death, it would never regain the power it had under Murong Chui.
Murong Sheng
Murong Sheng (373–401), courtesy name
Daoyun (道運)
, formally Emperor Zhaowu of (Later) Yan ((後)燕昭武帝), was an emperor of the Xianbei state Later Yan.
He was the oldest son of Murong Bao
(Emperor Huimin), and after Murong Bao was killed by Lan Han
(Murong Sheng's father-in-law) avenged his father in a coup and took the throne.
For a large part of his reign, he used the title "Commoner Heavenly Prince" (庶人天王, "Shu Ren Tian Wang") instead of emperor.
Murong Sheng was described as a talented strategist and general, but he overreacted to what he perceived to be his father's weaknesses—being overly lenient and weak—and was harsh in his reign, causing his officials to be constantly insecure and looking to rebel against him.
In one of those rebellions in 401, he was stricken by a rebel soldier and died from his injuries.
He was succeeded by his uncle Murong Xi
(Emperor Zhaowen).
In the Record of Jin, Murong Sheng was described as a strong and courageous man who excelled in archery skills.
Empress Dowager Ding
Empress Dowager Ding( 丁太后, personal name unknown)( died 402), formally Empress Xianyou( 獻幽皇后, literally" the wise and lonely empress") was an empress dowager of the Chinese/ Xianbei state Later Yan.
She was a concubine of Murong Bao( Emperor Huimin) and the mother of Murong Sheng( Emperor Zhaowu).
She gave birth to Murong Sheng while Murong Bao was serving as a low- level Former Qin official, in 373.
What happened to her during the next three decades were not clear, but at the time when Murong Bao, then emperor of Later Yan, and Murong Sheng were fleeing from rebellions in 398, she was at the capital Longcheng( 龍城, in modern Jinzhou, Liaoning).
At this time, she was carefully served by her daughter- in- law Princess Lan, despite the fact that Longcheng was under the control of Princess Lan's father Lan Han, who would set a trap for Murong Bao and have him killed later that year, and then claim the throne.
Murong Sheng was spared, however, because he was Lan Han's son-in- law, and he soon overthrew Lan Han in a coup and reestablished Later Yan as its emperor.
He did not initially honor her as empress dowager, as that honor belonged to Murong Bao's wife Empress Duan, but he did honor her with the title Empress Xianzhuang.
After Empress Dowager Duan died in 400, he honored her as empress dowager.
Because of how Princess Lan protected both her and Murong Sheng, when Murong Sheng considered executing her as the daughter of a traitor, Empress Dowager Ding greatly opposed it, and Princess Lan was spared, although she would never be empress.
Sometime during Murong Sheng's reign, Empress Dowager Ding started an affair with Murong Bao's younger brother, Murong Xi the Duke of Hejian — who was 12 years her son Murong Sheng's junior.
After Murong Sheng was assassinated in a failed coup attempt in 401, she therefore forced the officials to bypass both Murong Sheng's son, Murong Ding( 慕容定) the Crown Prince, and Murong Sheng's younger brother Murong Yuan( 慕容元) the Duke of Pingyuan, whom most officials favored.
Empress Dowager Ding's affair with Murong Xi continued.
However, in 402, Murong Xi took two daughters of the official Fu Mo( 苻謨) --
Fu Song'e and Fu Xunying as concubines, and favored them greatly — particularly Fu Xunying.
By comparison, his affair with Empress Dowager Ding cooled off, and she became angry.
She plotted with her nephew Ding Xin( 丁信) to depose Murong Xi and replace him with another younger brother of her son, Murong Yuan( 慕容淵, note different character than his brother) the Duke of Zhangwu.
The plot was discovered, and Murong Xi executed Ding Xin and Murong Yuan and forced Empress Dowager Ding to commit suicide, but still buried her with honors due an empress.
John Westley
Rev. John Westley( 1636 – 78) was an English nonconformist minister.
He was the grandfather of John Wesley( founder of Methodism).

Question: Who is Murong Sheng's paternal grandfather?
Answer: Murong Chui