William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle
William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne KG KB PC (6 December 1592 – 25 December 1676) was an English polymath and aristocrat, having been a poet, equestrian, playwright, swordsman, politician, architect, diplomat and soldier.
The Cavendish family had a good relationship with the ruling Stuart Monarchy.
The family gained prominence after he was invested as a Knight of the Bath, and then inherited his father's Northern England estates.
At first a courtier of James I of England, Cavendish would later strike up friendships with Charles I of England and his wife Henrietta Maria for whom he hosted lavish banquets.
Created Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, he was entrusted with the education of the royal couple's son, the future Charles II of England.
Newcastle was a staunch royalist helping to fund the king in his Bishops' Wars.
During the English Civil War he was made a general for the struggle in the North of England against the Roundheads.
After the defeat at Marston Moor in 1644, Newcastle went into self-imposed exile.
The next year he married the English poet, dramatist, philosopher, and natural scientist Margaret Lucas.
He returned to England with the English Restoration when he was created Duke of Newcastle.
The Duchess of Newcastle died in 1673.
The Duke himself died three years later.
Robert Swinburne (born c.1376)
Robert Swinburne( c.1376- after 1426), of Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, was an English merchant.
He was a Member of Parliament for Newcastle- upon- Tyne in April 1414 and 1426.
Violet Grantham
Violet Hardisty Grantham( 15 February 1893 – 20 May 1983) was a British politician, the first woman to served as Lord Mayor of Newcastle- upon- Tyne.
Born Violet Taylor, she was educated privately, and married John Grantham, who served as Lord Mayor of Newcastle in 1936/ 37.
In addition to being his Lady Mayoress, Violet served on the boards of a number of local organisations, and in 1937 she was elected to Newcastle City Council in her own right, representing the Conservative Party.
In 1950/ 51, she became the first woman to serve as Sheriff of Newcastle- upon- Tyne, and was elected as an alderman of Newcastle City Council in 1951.
In 1952/53, she was the first woman to serve as Lord Mayor of Newcastle- upon- Tyne, and she held the post again in 1957.
She again became an elected councillor in 1958, and served until the reorganisation of local government in 1974, when she retired.
Sheila Faith
( Irene) Sheila Faith( born Irene Sheila Book; 3 June 1928 – 28 September 2014) was a British politician and dental surgeon.
She served one term each in the House of Commons and European Parliament as a Conservative.
She was a native of Newcastle upon Tyne and attended Newcastle upon Tyne Central High School and the University of Durham.
Harriet Pelham-Holles, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Henrietta" Harriet" Pelham- Holles, Duchess of Newcastle- upon- Tyne( 1701 – 17 July 1776) was the wife of the British statesman and Prime Minister Thomas Pelham- Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle- upon- Tyne.
She was the daughter of Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin and Lady Henrietta Churchill, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough and the granddaughter of Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin and John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough.
Until her marriage she was known as Lady Harriet Godolphin.
Like her husband, she was a devoted Whig and supporter of the Hanoverian succession.
They married on 2 April 1717.
During the 1720s, they became famous for throwing sumptuous parties, a tradition that continued for several decades.
These were attended even by her husband's political opponents.
Duchess of Newcastle
The Duchess of Newcastle or the Duchess of Newcastle- upon- Tyne usually refers to the wife or widow of a Duke of Newcastle.
The dukedom became extinct in 1988.
Elizabeth Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire
Elizabeth Christiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire( 13 May 1758 – 30 March 1824) was an English novelist and aristocrat.
She is best known as Lady Elizabeth Foster, the close friend of Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire.
Elizabeth supplanted the Duchess, gaining the affections of William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire, and later marrying him.
Robert Ellison (politician)
Robert Ellison (2 February 1614 – 12 January 1678) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1647 and 1660.
Ellison was the son of Cuthbert Ellison of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, a merchant adventurer, and his wife Jane Isle, daughter of Charles Isle.
He was Sheriff of Newcastle in 1646.
In 1647, Ellison replaced as Member of Parliament for Newcastle-upon-Tyne in the Long Parliament a member whose election had been declared void.
He was secluded from sitting in the succeeding Rump Parliament.
In 1660, he returned to Parliament as MP for Newcastle-upon-Tyne in the Convention Parliament.
Ellison died at the age of 63.
He had married firstly Elizabeth Grey, daughter of Cuthbert Grey of Newcastle, and secondly on 27 July 1672 Agnes Briggs, widow of James Broggs of Newcastle.
Margaret Holles, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Margaret Holles, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne ("née" Cavendish, 22 October 1661 – 24 December 1715/16, London) was an English noblewoman.
She was the third daughter and fourth of six children of Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and his wife, Frances Pierrepoint.
On 1 March 1690, she married John Holles, Earl of Clare.
Her husband was created Duke of Newcastle in 1694, the first creation having become extinct in 1691 when her father died without a male heir (her only brother, Henry Cavendish, Earl of Ogle, died in 1680).
They had one child, Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles (1694–1755), who married 2nd Earl of Oxford and Mortimer and was mother to Margaret Bentinck, Duchess of Portland.
She died in 1715/16 and was buried at Bolsover Castle.
Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Margaret Lucas Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1623 – 15 December 1673) was an English aristocrat, philosopher, poet, scientist, fiction-writer, and playwright during the 17th century.
Born Margaret Lucas, she was the youngest sister of prominent royalists Sir John Lucas and Sir Charles Lucas, who owned the manor of St. John's Abbey in Colchester.
She became an attendant of Queen Henrietta Maria and travelled with her into exile in France, living for a time at the court of the young King Louis XIV.
She became the second wife of William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1645, when he was a marquess.
Cavendish was a poet, philosopher, writer of prose romances, essayist, and playwright who published under her own name at a time when most women writers published anonymously.
Her writing addressed a number of topics, including gender, power, manners, scientific method, and philosophy.
Her utopian romance, "The Blazing World", is one of the earliest examples of science fiction.
She is singular in having published extensively in natural philosophy and early modern science.
She published over a dozen original works; inclusion of her revised works brings her total number of publications to twenty-one.
Cavendish has been championed and criticized as a unique and groundbreaking woman writer.
She rejected the Aristotelianism and mechanical philosophy of the seventeenth century, preferring a vitalist model instead.
She was the first woman to attend a meeting at the Royal Society of London, in 1667, and she criticized and engaged with members and philosophers Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, and Robert Boyle.
She has been claimed as an advocate for animals and as an early opponent of animal testing.

Question: What is the date of death of Margaret Cavendish, Duchess Of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne's husband?
Answer: 25 December 1676