Louis VIII of France
Louis VIII (5 September 1187 – 8 November 1226), called the Lion , was King of France from 1223 to 1226.
From 1216 to 1217, he also claimed to be King of England.
Louis was the only surviving son of King Philip II of France by his first wife, Isabelle of Hainaut, from whom he inherited the County of Artois.
While Louis VIII only briefly reigned as king of France, he was an active leader prior to accession.
During the First Barons' War of 1215–17 against King John of England, his military prowess earned him the epithet "the Lion".
After his victory at the Siege of Roche-au-Moine in 1214, he invaded southern England and was proclaimed "King of England" by rebellious barons in London on the 2 June 1216.
He was never crowned as king of England, however, and renounced his claim after being excommunicated and repelled.
In 1217, Louis started the conquest of Guyenne, leaving only a small region around Bordeaux to Henry III of England.
Louis's short reign was marked by an intervention using royal forces into the Albigensian Crusade in southern France that decisively moved the conflict towards a conclusion.
He was the first Capetian king to grant appanages to his younger sons on a large scale.
He died in 1226 and was succeeded by his son Louis IX.
Robert I, Count of Artois
Robert I( 25 September 1216 – 8 February 1250), called the Good, was the first Count of Artois, the fifth( and second surviving) son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile.
Eleanor of Castile (died 1244)
Eleanor of Castile( 1200 – 1244) was a daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile and Eleanor of England.
She was Queen consort of Aragon by her arranged marriage to James I of Aragon.
Her mother was a daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
Eleanor's sister Berengaria became Queen of Castile since their brother Henry I of Castile died with no issue and because Berengaria was the eldest of the daughters.
Another sister, Blanche became Queen of France by her marriage to Louis VIII of France.
Isabelle of France (saint)
Isabelle of France( March 1225 – 23 February 1270) was the daughter of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile.
She was a younger sister of King Louis IX of France( Saint Louis) and of Alfonso, Count of Poitiers, and an older sister of King Charles I of Sicily.
In 1256, she founded the Poor Clare monastery of Longchamp in the part of the Forest of Rouvray( now called the Bois de Boulogne), west of Paris.
Isabelle consecrated her virginity and her entire life to God alone.
She is honored as a saint by the Franciscan Order.
Her feastday is the 26th of February.
Helena Martini
Helena Martini
( 5 July 1728 Bockenheim bei Frankfurt am Main- 8 July 1803 Darmstadt), was the mistress of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse- Darmstadt, from 1744 until 1768.
She was the daughter of Carl Ludwig Martini( d. 1698), an officer, and Susanna Catharina Meser.
In 1744 her father, seeking a promotion, is alleged to have sent Helena to submit his petition to Louis VIII at" Jagdschloss" Kranichstein.
When Louis VIII met her, he kept her as his mistress and did not let her return.
Martini, who became known as" mamsell Lene", enjoyed the unlimited confidence of Louis VIII, was given a house in Darmstadt and accompanied him on his travels.
She supported him in his political conflicts with the branches of the Hesse family, and brought the children of her sister to be raised in her care.
She reportedly had a good relationship with the family of Louis VIII.
Upon his death in 1768, she left the court with a fortune, which she later left to the children of her sister.
Theodred II (Bishop of Elmham)
Theodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.
The date of Theodred's consecration unknown, but the date of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.
Philip II of France
Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), known as Philip Augustus , was King of France from 1180 to 1223.
His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks, but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French monarch to style himself "King of France".
The son of King Louis VII and his third wife, Adela of Champagne, he was originally nicknamed "Dieudonné" (God-given) because he was a first son and born late in his father's life.
Philip was given the epithet "Augustus" by the chronicler Rigord for having extended the crown lands of France so remarkably.
The only known description of Philip describes him as
After a twelve-year struggle with the Plantagenet dynasty in the Anglo-French War of 1202–14, Philip succeeded in breaking up the large Angevin Empire presided over by the crown of England and defeated a coalition of his rivals (German, Flemish and English) at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214.
This victory would have a lasting impact on western European politics: the authority of the French king became unchallenged, while the English King John was forced by his barons to sign Magna Carta and deal with a rebellion against him aided by Philip, the First Barons' War.
The military actions surrounding the Albigensian Crusade helped prepare the expansion of France southward.
Philip did not participate directly in these actions, but he allowed his vassals and knights to help carry them out.
Philip transformed France from a small feudal state into the most prosperous and powerful country in Europe.
He checked the power of the nobles and helped the towns to free themselves from seigneurial authority, granting privileges and liberties to the emergent bourgeoisie.
He built a great wall around Paris ("the Wall of Philip II Augustus"), re-organized the French government and brought financial stability to his country.
Robert III, Count of Dreux
Robert III of Dreux( 1185 – 1234), Count of Dreux and Braine, was the son of Robert II, Count of Dreux, and Yolanda de Coucy.
He was given the byname Gasteblé( lit. wheat- spoiler) when he destroyed a field of wheat while hunting in his youth.
Along with his brother Peter, Duke of Brittany he fought with future Louis VIII of France in 1212 at Nantes and was captured there during a sortie.
Exchanged after the Battle of Bouvines for William Longsword, Earl of Salisbury, he fought in the Albigensian Crusade, besieging Avignon in 1226.
He was a supporter of Blanche of Castile during her regency after the death of Louis VIII in 1226.
In 1210 he married Alianor de St. Valéry( 1192–15 Nov 1250) and they had several children:
Jean Bourdichon
Jean Bourdichon( 1457 or 1459 – 1521) was a French miniature painter and manuscript illuminator at the court of France between the end of the 15th century and the start of the 16th century, in the reigns of Louis XI of France, Charles VIII of France, Louis XII of France and Francis I of France.
He was probably born in Tours, and was a pupil of Jean Fouquet.
He died in Tours.
Two of Bourdichon's most famous works are the Hours of Louis XII( now dispersed, begun 1498) and the Grandes Heures of Anne of Brittany for Louis's queen.
Gilles de Paris (poet)
Gilles de Paris(" Aegidius Parisiensis")( 1160 – 1223/1224) was a French poet of the twelfth century.
He is best known for his instructional poem" Carolinus", written for the future Louis VIII of France around 1200, when Louis was 13 years old.

Question: When did Louis Viii Of France's father die?
Answer: 14 July 1223