Dance of Death (disambiguation)
Dance of Death, also called" Danse Macabre", is a late- medieval allegory of the universality of death.
Dance of Death or The Dance of Death may also refer to:
Beaulieu-sur-Loire
Beaulieu- sur- Loire is a commune in the Loiret department in north -central France.
It is also the place of death of Jacques MacDonald, a French general who served in the Napoleonic Wars
Where Was I
" Where Was I?" may refer to:
Place of origin
In Switzerland, the place of origin( literally" home place" or" citizen place") denotes where a Swiss citizen has their municipal citizenship.
It is not to be confused with the place of birth or place of residence, although two or all three of these locations may be identical depending on the person's circumstances.
Valley of Death
Valley of Death may refer to:
Moufida Bourguiba
Moufida Bourguiba (24 January 1890 – 15 November 1976) was the first wife of the President of Tunisia, Habib Bourguiba, and the inaugural First Lady of Tunisia from 1957 to 1961.
Habib Bourguiba
Habib Bourguiba (August 3 , 1903 – 6 April 2000) was a Tunisian lawyer, nationalist leader and statesman who served as the country's leader from independence in 1956 to 1987.
He first served as the second Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Tunisia before proclaiming the Republic of Tunisia in 1957 and thus becoming the first President of Tunisia.
Prior to that, he played a major role in obtaining independence from France, ending the 75 year-old protectorate and earning the title of "Supreme Combatant".
Habib Ben Ali Bourguiba was born in Monastir into a modest family.
He then moved to Tunis in 1907 in order to pursue his studies in Sadiki College then in Lycée Carnot, before obtaining his baccalaureate in 1924.
In 1927, he graduated from the University of Paris and worked as a lawyer, after his return to Tunis, in the late 1920s.
Bourguiba showed interest in fighting the protectorate since his young age.
However, he only joined the national movement in the early 1930s, when he became a member of the Destour party and wrote articles denouncing the regime and its inequality.
Bourguiba did not agree with the party's elders whose methods were outdated.
Thus, on 2 March 1934, at 31 years old, he co-founded the Neo Destour that spearheaded the Tunisian movement for independence, during the Ksar Hellal Congress.
Subsequently, he was arrested and exiled several times by the colonial administration, which unleashed its harsh repression following the riots he organized on 9 April 1938.
Bourguiba was then imprisoned in the fort of Saint-Nicolas in Marseille during World War II.
When he was freed, he decided to internationalize the Tunisian case and sought for the support of the Arab League.
Thus, he moved to Cairo, Egypt, where he lived from 1945 to 1949.
However, his attempts were in vain as the Arab countries were preoccupied with Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
When he returned to the country, Bourguiba found himself weakened by the ascending of Moncefism and the party's efforts to drive him away, as it restructured around Salah Ben Youssef.
He became leader of the nationalist movement and decided to negotiate with France.
However, the talks proved to be a total failure and Bourguiba, convinced that the rupture was confirmed, traveled the world seeking for support in order to introduce the case to the United Nations.
Needing to draw the world's attention, he had an effective role in starting the armed struggle against France, in 1952.
Maintaining turmoil, he was imprisoned in La Galite Island for two years, before being released and sent to France, ready for negotiation with the arrival of Pierre Mendès France as prime minister.
Ending the unrest he started, he obtained internal autonomy agreements and returned triumphant to Tunis on 1 June 1955.
However, joy was short-lived as the arrangement did not please Salah Ben Youssef and his supporters who demanded full independence of the Maghreb.
This disagreement started a civil war that opposed Bourguibists, who favored a stepwise policy and modernism and youssefists, the conservative Arab nationalist supporters of Ben Youssef.
The showdown ended with the Sfax Congress of 1955 in favor of Bourguiba.
He then negotiated independence from France which he obtained on 20 March 1956.
Following the country's independence, Bourguiba was appointed prime minister by king Muhammad VIII al-Amin and acted as "De facto" ruler before proclaiming the Republic, on 25 July 1957.
Subsequently, he was designated Interim President of Tunisia until the enactment of a constitution and the election of a permanent president.
His main priorities upon taking over power included the improvement of the country's educational system, fighting gender inequality, developing the economy and maintaining a neutral foreign policy, which made him an exception among Arab leaders.
His major reform was the Code of Personal Status which settled a modern society.
Bourguiba established a presidential system which soon turned to be a twenty-year one-party state dominated by his party, the Socialist Destourian Party.
A cult of personality also developed around him, before he proclaimed himself president for life in 1975, during his fourth 5 year-term.
The end of his 30 year-rule was marked by his declining health, a war of succession, and the rise of clientelism and Islamism, which was concluded by his removal from power by his prime minister, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, on 7 November 1987.
He was later kept under house arrest in a residence in Monastir, where he remained until his death on 6 April 2000, and was buried in a mausoleum he had previously built there.
Today his legacy in Tunisia remains a controversial topic subject to frequent debates by political commentators.
While some view him as a nationalist leader who fought the French, liberated women and promoted education, others (especially after the revolution) regard him less favourably as a dictator who disregarded even basic political and human rights
(at least 1000 political opponents died or disappeared during his 30-year old autocracy (Salah Ben Youssef))
and who was economically generally unsuccessful since he left the country with a very high inflation rate, skyrocketing unemployment, low level of industrialization and an extensive bureaucracy which didn't encourage neither foreign investment nor local entrepreneurship.
When he left power in 1987, Tunisia's GDP per capita was similar to that of the subsaharan African countries of Cameroon and Cote d'Ivoire.
Motherland (disambiguation)
Motherland is the place of one's birth, the place of one's ancestors, or the place of origin of an ethnic group.
Motherland may also refer to:
Sennedjem
The Ancient Egyptian artisan Sennedjem lived in Set Maat( translated as" The Place of Truth"), contemporary Deir el- Medina, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite Thebes, during the reigns of Seti I and Ramesses II.
Sennedjem had the title" Servant in the Place of Truth".
He was buried along with his wife, Iyneferti, and family in a tomb in the village necropolis.
His tomb was discovered January 31, 1886.
When Sennedjem's tomb was found, in it there was regular furniture from his home, including a stool and a bed, which he actually used when he was alive.
His titles included Servant in the Place of Truth, meaning that he worked on the excavation and decoration of the nearby royal tombs.
Place of birth
The place of birth( POB) or birthplace is the place where a person was born.
This place is often used in legal documents, together with name and date of birth, to uniquely identify a person.
As a general rule with respect to passports, the place of birth is determined to be the country that currently has" sovereignty" over the actual place of birth, regardless of when the birth actually occurred.
The place of birth is not necessarily the place where the parents of the new baby live.
If the baby is born in a hospital in another place, that place is the place of birth.
In many countries, this also means that the government requires that the birth of the new baby is registered in the place of birth.
Some countries place less or no importance on the place of birth, instead using alternative geographical characteristics for the purpose of identity documents.
For example, Sweden has used the concept of" födelsehemortdomicile of birth") since 1947.
This means that the domicile of the baby's mother is the registered place of birth.
The location of the maternity ward or other physical birthplace is considered unimportant.
Similarly, Switzerland uses the concept of" Heimatortlieu d'origineluogo d'origineplace of origin" in German, French and Italian respectively).
A child born to Swiss parents is automatically assigned the place of origin of the parent with the same last name, so the child either gets their mother's or father's place of origin.
A child born to one Swiss parent and one foreign parent acquires the place of origin of their Swiss parent.
In a Swiss passport and identity card, the holder's place of origin is stated, not their place of birth.
In some countries( primarily in the Americas), the place of birth automatically determines the nationality of the baby, a practice often referred to by the Latin phrase" jus soli".
Almost all countries outside the Americas instead attribute nationality based on the nationality( ies) of the baby's parents( referred to as" jus sanguinis").
There can be some confusion regarding the place of birth if the birth takes place in an unusual way: when babies are born on an airplane or at sea, difficulties can arise.
The place of birth of such a person depends on the law of the countries involved, which include the nationality of the plane or ship, the nationality( ies) of the parents and/ or the location of the plane or ship( if the birth occurs in the territorial waters or airspace of a country).
Some administrative forms may request the applicant's" country of birth".
It is important to determine from the requester whether the information requested refers to the applicant's" place of birth" or" nationality at birth".
For US citizens born abroad who under the US Constitution acquire US citizenship at the time of birth, the nationality at birth will be USA( American), while the place of birth would be the country in which the actual birth takes place.

Question: Where did Moufida Bourguiba's husband die?
Answer: Monastir