Motherland (disambiguation)
Motherland is the place of one's birth, the place of one's ancestors, or the place of origin of an ethnic group.
Motherland may also refer to:
Asterius of Petra
Asterius of Petra was a convert from Arianism, and later the Bishop of Petra.
At the Council of Sardica, ca. 347, Asterius first denounced Arianism, as a heresy.
This led to his exile in Libya, at the command of Emperor Constantius II.
In 362, he was restored to his position of Bishop of Petra, by Emperor Julian.
Asterius attended the Council of Alexandria, where he was chosen as the delegate to write a letter to the Church of Antioch, where he provided a report of the proceedings at the council for the church leaders of Antioch.
He died in Petra in 365.
Where Was I
" Where Was I?" may refer to:
Battle of Petra
The Battle of Petra was the final battle fought in the Greek War of Independence.
Place of birth
The place of birth( POB) or birthplace is the place where a person was born.
This place is often used in legal documents, together with name and date of birth, to uniquely identify a person.
As a general rule with respect to passports, the place of birth is determined to be the country that currently has" sovereignty" over the actual place of birth, regardless of when the birth actually occurred.
The place of birth is not necessarily the place where the parents of the new baby live.
If the baby is born in a hospital in another place, that place is the place of birth.
In many countries, this also means that the government requires that the birth of the new baby is registered in the place of birth.
Some countries place less or no importance on the place of birth, instead using alternative geographical characteristics for the purpose of identity documents.
For example, Sweden has used the concept of" födelsehemortdomicile of birth") since 1947.
This means that the domicile of the baby's mother is the registered place of birth.
The location of the maternity ward or other physical birthplace is considered unimportant.
Similarly, Switzerland uses the concept of" Heimatortlieu d'origineluogo d'origineplace of origin" in German, French and Italian respectively).
A child born to Swiss parents is automatically assigned the place of origin of the parent with the same last name, so the child either gets their mother's or father's place of origin.
A child born to one Swiss parent and one foreign parent acquires the place of origin of their Swiss parent.
In a Swiss passport and identity card, the holder's place of origin is stated, not their place of birth.
In some countries( primarily in the Americas), the place of birth automatically determines the nationality of the baby, a practice often referred to by the Latin phrase" jus soli".
Almost all countries outside the Americas instead attribute nationality based on the nationality( ies) of the baby's parents( referred to as" jus sanguinis").
There can be some confusion regarding the place of birth if the birth takes place in an unusual way: when babies are born on an airplane or at sea, difficulties can arise.
The place of birth of such a person depends on the law of the countries involved, which include the nationality of the plane or ship, the nationality( ies) of the parents and/ or the location of the plane or ship( if the birth occurs in the territorial waters or airspace of a country).
Some administrative forms may request the applicant's" country of birth".
It is important to determine from the requester whether the information requested refers to the applicant's" place of birth" or" nationality at birth".
For US citizens born abroad who under the US Constitution acquire US citizenship at the time of birth, the nationality at birth will be USA( American), while the place of birth would be the country in which the actual birth takes place.
Guerricus of Petra
Guerricus( or Guerric) was the metropolitan archbishop of Petra from 1167 or 1168 until his death at the Siege of Acre in 1190 or 1191.
He was the only archbishop of Petra from the Crusader period and its only Latin Rite bishop from the Middle Ages.
Politically, his see belonged to the Kingdom of Jerusalem and roughly corresponded geographically to the secular Lordship of Oultrejordain.
According to William of Tyre, who calls him Guerus, prior to 1167 he was an Augustinian canon of the Templum Domini in Jerusalem.
When it was decided to restore the ancient diocese of Petra, the choice of bishop fell to Amalric of Nesle, Patriarch of Jerusalem, who appointed Guerricus.
Prior to his appointment, he had held no higher rank than that of a canon( priest).
According to the 13th- century jurist John of Ibelin, that prior to 1167 there was an archbishop at" Babbat que les Grecs apelent Filadelfe"( Rabba, which the Greeks call Philadelphia), either Bozrah or Amman, which was transferred in that year to" Crac, et est appelé l'arcêveque de la Pierre dou Desert"( Kerak, which is called the archbishopric of Petra of the Desert).
The archbishops of Petra had been the metropolitans of the old Roman province of Arabia Petraea, which had been subject to the Patriarch of Antioch in antiquity.
Thus, Patriarch Aimery requested Guerricus to submit to his authority, but in practice the archbishop of Petra continued to be subject to the Patriarch of Jerusalem.
Guerricus's pro-cathedral was established in a church of the" faubourg" of Kerak, and not the chapel of the castle.
It was not set up in Petra.
In some late documents he is called" archiepiscopus de Monte Regali", archbishop of Montréal, which was, along with Kerak, one of the major castles of Oultrejordain.
He himself associated his bishopric with a castle, since he had one depicted on his seal along with the legend+.
There are references to a Greek Orthodox bishop at Mount Sinai( which the Crusaders called" Faraon") under the jurisdiction of Petra during Guerricus's time, but it is doubtful that the archbishop of Petra could have exercised any real authority over the Greek Orthodox church in Sinai, where Crusader control was fleeting.
Owing to its status as a newly restored see and a frontier see, the archbishopric of Petra owed neither knight- service nor serjeants for the royal army, an exemption it shared only with the bishopric of Baniyas and the bishopric of Beirut in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
In documents of 1174 and 1177, Guerricus refers to himself as the first Latin archbishop of Petra.
In 1178, he came to an agreement with the Abbey of Saint Mary of the Valley of Jehosaphat whereby the abbey ceded all the tithes and parishes which had administered prior to 1167 to the archbishop save for those of four villages.
This was a notably better deal than the bishop of Tiberias arranged with the abbey at the same time.
In 1181, Guerricus reached an agreement with the Knights Hospitaller whereby the latter would pay 40 bezants per year to the archdiocese in lieu of paying tithes on their properties in the diocese.
They also agreed to pay half- tithes on any properties they acquired in the diocese in the future.
The last recorded act signed Guerricus as archbishop is dated to 21 April 1183.
Guerricus was forced to abandon his see by the army of Saladin and, like many of the bishops of the kingdom, joined the army besieging Acre in 1189.
According to a contemporary document, he was still alive in late 1190.
He is listed among those who died during the siege( that is, before the spring of 1191) by Roger of Howden.
No successor was appointed, since the diocese was no long under Crusader control.
A titular bishop was in office between 1227 and 1238, but his name is not recorded.
Beaulieu-sur-Loire
Beaulieu- sur- Loire is a commune in the Loiret department in north -central France.
It is also the place of death of Jacques MacDonald, a French general who served in the Napoleonic Wars
Petra Markham
Petra Mavis Markham (born 17 March 1944 in Prestbury, Cheshire) is a British theatre, television and film actress.
She is a daughter of actor David Markham and writer Olive Dehn (1914–2007).
She has three sisters: actress Kika Markham, Sonia Markham, and Jehane Markham.
David Markham
David Markham (3 April 1913 – 15 December 1983) was an English stage and film actor for over forty years.
Markham was born Peter Basil Harrison in Wick, Worcestershire and died in Hartfield, East Sussex.
In 1937 he married Olive Dehn (1914–2007), a BBC Radio dramatist.
They had four daughters: Sonia, an illustrator; Kika (b. 1940), an actress, widow of actor Corin Redgrave; Petra (b. 1944), an actress; and Jehane, a poet and dramatist, widow of actor Roger Lloyd-Pack.
In the Second World War, he was imprisoned as a conscientious objector, before being allowed to do forestry work.
David Markham appeared occasionally in cinema and often on television.
He appeared in Carol Reed's film "
The Stars Look Down" (1939) and in François Truffaut's films "Two English Girls" (1972), in which he plays a fortuneteller with his daughter Kika, and "Day for Night" (1973).
He played the father of Robin Phillips in two films, "Two Gentlemen Sharing" in 1969, and again in "Tales From The Crypt" in 1972.
Siege of Petra, Lazica
Sieges of Petra, Lazica:

Question: Where did Petra Markham's father die?