Empress Zhang Yan
Zhang Yan (died 163 BC), known formally as Empress Xiaohui (孝惠皇后) was an empress during the Han Dynasty.
She was the daughter of Princess Yuan of Lu (the only daughter of Emperor Gao (Liu Bang) and his wife Empress Lü) and her husband Zhang Ao (張敖, son of Zhang Er), the Prince of Zhao and later Marquess of Xuanping.
In 192 BC, at the insistence of then-Empress Dowager Lü, Lady Yan married her uncle Emperor Hui, the son of Emperor Gao and Empress Dowager Lü, and she was created empress.
The marriage was a childless one.
At Empress Dowager Lü's instruction, Empress Zhang took several male children as her own and killed their mothers.
(Whether these children were Emperor Hui's is a matter of controversy, although it appears likely that they were Emperor Hui's children by his concubines.)
When Emperor Hui died in 188 BC at the age of 22, one of the children that Empress Zhang adopted became emperor (as Emperor Qianshao), but Grand Empress Dowager Lü had effective total control of the imperial government.
Empress Zhang, was not made empress dowager as this title was retained by Empress Dowager Lü who never claimed the title Grand Empress Dowager and did not appear to have significant influence.
Nevertheless, when Emperor Qianshao found out in 184 BC that he was not actually her child, he made a careless comment that he would take vengeance on her—at which Empress Dowager Lü had him deposed and executed, and replaced him with his brother Liu Hong (as Emperor Houshao), who was also adopted by Empress Zhang.
It was during Emperor Qianshao's reign that Empress Zhang's brother Zhang Yan (張偃, pinyin Zhāng Yǎn—notice difference in tone) was created the Prince of Lu.
After Empress Dowager Lü died in 180 BC, and the Lü clan overthrown and slaughtered by the officials opposed to the Lüs in the Lü Clan Disturbance, Emperor Houshao was deposed and killed.
Empress Zhang was not killed, but she was put under house arrest in a palace to the north after being deposed from her position as empress and henceforth referred to as Empress Hui.
Her brother, the Prince of Lu, was also deposed and reduced in rank to Marquess of Nangong.
After this no records exist of her later life until her death.
Empress Zhang died in 163 BC and was buried with her husband of merely four years.
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Emperor Qianshao of Han
Emperor Qianshao of Han (193 BC – 15 June 184 BC)
, personal name said to be Liu Gong , was the third emperor of the Han Dynasty in China.
He was a son, likely the oldest son, of Emperor Hui, likely by a concubine—although there is some controversy on the subject—and adopted by Emperor Hui's wife, Empress Zhang Yan.
At the instigation of his grandmother, Empress Dowager Lü, Empress Zhang had Emperor Qianshao's mother put to death.
Very little about Emperor Qianshao's life and personality is known.
There are only a few major important events in his life that are documented (which does not even include the year of his birth).
In 188 BC, his father Emperor Hui died, and he, who had been previously made Crown Prince, succeeded to the throne.
However, his grandmother, now Grand Empress Dowager Lü, publicly presided over all government affairs.
Sometime in or before 184 BC, Emperor Qianshao discovered that he was not in fact now-Empress Dowager Zhang's son and that his mother had been put to death.
He made the mistake of remarking that when he grew up, those who killed his mother would pay for this.
Grand Empress Dowager Lü, once she heard of this, had him secretly imprisoned within the palace and publicly announced that he was severely ill and unable to receive anyone.
After some time, she told the officials that he continued to be ill and incapable of governing, and that he had also suffered a psychosis.
She proposed that he be deposed and replaced.
The officials complied with her wishes, and he was deposed and put to death.
He was succeeded by his brother Liu Yi, whose name was then changed to Liu Hong.
Emperor Qianshao, considered to be a mere puppet of Grand Empress Dowager Lü, is often omitted from the official list of emperors of the Han Dynasty.
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Question: Who is the maternal grandmother of Emperor Qianshao Of Han?