John II Casimir Vasa
John II Casimir (22 March 1609 – 16 December 1672) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania during the era of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Duke of Opole in Upper Silesia, and titular King of Sweden 1648–1660.
In Poland, he is known and commonly referred as Jan Kazimierz.
His parents were Sigismund III Vasa (1566–1632) and Constance of Austria (1588–1631).
His older brother, and predecessor on the throne, was Władysław IV Vasa.
In 1638 he embarked at Genoa for Spain to negotiate a league with Philip IV against France, but suffering shipwreck on the coast of Provence, he was seized and by order of Cardinal Richelieu imprisoned at Vincennes, where he remained two years, and was only released on promise of his brother the king of Poland never to wage war against France.
He then travelled through various countries of western Europe, entered the order of Jesuits in Rome, was made cardinal by Innocent X, however, after his return to Poland he again became a layman, and, having succeeded his brother in 1648, married his widow, Queen Marie Louise Gonzaga.
His reign commenced amid the confusion and disasters caused by the great revolt of the Cossacks under Chmielnicki, who had advanced into the very heart of Poland.
The power of the king had been stripped of almost all its prerogatives by the growing influence of the nobles.
Russia and Sweden, which had long been active enemies of Poland, availed themselves of its distracted condition, and renewed their attacks.
George II Rakoczy of Transylvania also invaded the Polish territory, while diet after diet was dissolved by abuses of the "liberum veto".
Charles X Gustav of Sweden triumphantly marched through the country, and occupied Kraków (1655) while John Casimir fled to Silesia.
Before Częstochowa, however, the Swedes met with an unexpected check, and a confederation of the nobles against all enemies of the country having been formed, Stefan Czarniecki won a series of victories over the Swedes, Transylvanians, Cossacks, and Russians.
The wars with the Swedes and Russians were terminated by treaties involving considerable cessions of provinces on the Baltic and the Dnieper on the part of Poland, which also lost its sway over the Cossacks, who put themselves under the protection of the czar.
During these long disturbances John Casimir, though feeble and of a peaceful disposition, frequently proved his patriotism and bravery.
The intrigues of his wife in favor of the duke of Enghien, son of the prince of Condé, as successor to the throne, having brought about a rebellion under Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, and a bloody though short civil war, the king finally resolved upon abdication, and resigned his crown at the diet of Warsaw on 16 September 1668.
In the following year he retired to France, where he was hospitably treated by Louis XIV.
His wife had died without issue before his abdication.
John Casimir's reign was one of the most disastrous in the history of Poland, whose dismemberment by the houses of Moscow, Brandenburg, and Habsburg, as it took place 100 years after his death, he predicted in a memorable speech to the diet of 1661.
He was the third and last monarch on the Polish throne from the House of Vasa.
Theodred II (Bishop of Elmham)
Theodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.
The date of Theodred's consecration unknown, but the date of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.
Angelo Maria Bandinelli
Angelo Maria Bandinelli, sometimes written Angiolo Maria( active around 1650 – 1670) was a secretary to John II Casimir Vasa, and postmaster general of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki
Stanisław" Rewera" Potocki( 1589 – 1667) was a Polish noble, magnate and military leader.
Together with Stefan Czarniecki he was successful in defeating the invading Swedes and Russians during The Deluge.
He was the most trusted advisor of King John II Casimir.
Thomas Scott (diver)
Thomas Scott( 1907- date of death unknown) was an English diver.
Etan Boritzer
Etan Boritzer( born 1950) is an American writer of children ’s literature who is best known for his book" What is God?" first published in 1989.
His best selling" What is?" illustrated children's book series on character education and difficult subjects for children is a popular teaching guide for parents, teachers and child- life professionals.
Boritzer gained national critical acclaim after" What is God?" was published in 1989 although the book has caused controversy from religious fundamentalists for its universalist views.
The other current books in the" What is?" series include
What is Love?,
What is Death?,
What is Beautiful?,
What is Funny?,
What is Right?,
What is Peace?,
What is Money?,
What is Dreaming?,
What is a Friend?,
What is True?,
What is a Family?,
What is a Feeling?"
The series is now also translated into 15 languages.
Boritzer was first published in 1963 at the age of 13 when he wrote an essay in his English class at Wade Junior High School in the Bronx, New York on the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
His essay was included in a special anthology by New York City public school children compiled and published by the New York City Department of Education.
Boritzer now lives in Venice, California and maintains his publishing office there also.
He has helped numerous other authors to get published through" How to Get Your Book Published!" programs.
Boritzer is also a yoga teacher who teaches regular classes locally and guest- teaches nationally.
He is also recognized nationally as an erudite speaker on" The Teachings of the Buddha."
Constance of Austria
Constance of Austria (24 December 1588 – 10 July 1631) was queen of Poland as the second wife of King Sigismund III Vasa and the mother of King John II Casimir.
Engelbert, Count of Nevers
Engelbert of Cleves, Count of Nevers( 26 September 1462 – 21 November 1506) was the younger son of John I, Duke of Cleves and Elizabeth of Nevers, only surviving child of John II, Count of Nevers.
In 1481, he was sent with a large army to the Bishopric of Utrecht by his brother John II, Duke of Cleves where they successfully ousted David of Burgundy.
But after the Siege of Utrecht( 1483) he had to flee, and Utrecht returned to the control of Burgundy.
He married Charlotte of Bourbon- Vendôme, daughter of John VIII, Count of Vendôme, circa 1489.
Their son Engelbert became Count of Nevers and Eu in 1491 upon the death of his maternal grandfather John II, Count of Nevers.
His eldest brother John II( 1458 – 1521) inherited Cleves.
John Sigismund Vasa
John Sigismund Vasa( January 6, 1652, Warsaw- February 20, 1652, Warsaw)- Polish prince, the son of John II Casimir and Marie Louise Gonzaga.
Maria Anna Vasa
Maria Anna Theresa Vasa (1 July 1650 - 1 August 1651), was a Polish-Lithuanian princess and a member of the House of Vasa.
Born in Warsaw, she was the eldest child and only daughter of John II Casimir Vasa, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, by his wife Marie Louise Gonzaga.

Question: What is the date of death of John Ii Casimir Vasa's mother?
Answer: 10 July 1631