Jordan I of Capua
Jordan I  (after 1046 – 1091), count of Aversa and prince of Capua from 1078 to his death, was the eldest son and successor of Prince Richard I of Capua and Fressenda, a daughter of Tancred of Hauteville and his second wife, also named Fressenda, and the nephew of Robert Guiscard, duke of Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily.
He, according to William of Apulia, "equalled in his virtues both the duke and his father."
In 1071, Jordan briefly rebelled against his father with the support of his uncle, Ranulf.
In 1078, while his father was besieging Naples with Robert Guiscard, Jordan and Robert, count of Loritello, were ravaging the Abruzzi, then papal territory.
He, his father, and the duke were all excommunicated, when, suddenly, his father fell ill, retired to Capua, reconciled with the church, and died.
Jordan, fearing to rule under the ban of the church, called off the siege of Naples and went to Rome to reconcile himself to Pope Gregory VII and rectify his relations with the church, of which his father had been both servant and protector.
It appears that he intended to take up the position of his father "vis-a-vis" the papacy and to return to unfriendly relations with the duke of Apulia, for Gregory visited Capua a mere three months after Richard's death and Jordan, probably with papal prodding, began fomenting revolt in the Guiscard's lands.
The revolt, the widely supported and well-organised, was ineffectual in really curbing Robert's influence and power.
One of his chief advisors was the abbot of Montecassino, Desiderius of Benevento, who mediated between the prince and the Emperor Henry IV on the latter's descent into Italy (1081).
Jordan forsook his erstwhile papal ally in exchange for an imperial investiture.
Though Robert Guiscard and his brother Roger marched against him, Roger was recalled to Sicily and the expedition fell apart.
In 1085, on Robert's death, Jordan supported Bohemond, the elder son, over Roger Borsa, the eldest by Sichelgaita, who was his own sister-in-law, he having married Gaitelgrima, another daughter of Prince Guaimar IV of Salerno.
For the next three years, Bohemond held Apulia with the assistance of well-trained Capuan armies.
In that same year, the pope died and the antipope Clement III continued to claim the papacy.
In hopes of curbing the influence of Clement and united his interests with those of the papacy once again, he pressured the College of Cardinals to elect Desiderius of Montecassino as successor Gregory.
At the same time, Roger Borsa freed the captured imperial prefect of Rome in opposition to the pretensions of Jordan and the Papal Curia, which had refused confirmation of Roger's archiepiscopal candidate for Salerno.
The move backfired and Desiderius, under pressure from Jordan to accept, was elected pope as Victor III.
With the aid of armies from Jordan and the Countess Matilda of Tuscany, Victor took the Vatican Hill from Clement on 1 July 1086.
The pope remained lukewarm to his new job until Jordan suggested that only through decisive action could the good fortune of his beloved abbey of Montecassino be sustained.
This led to an important synod at Benevento (1087), where Clement was excommunicated, lay investiture outlawed, and war with the Saracens of Africa declared.
The remainder of Jordan's career was not notable and he died in November 1090 or 1091 in Piperna (near Terracina) and was buried in the monastery he had long supported, Montecassino, leaving a young son named Richard who succeeded him.
His other sons, Robert and Jordan, would also succeed to the Capuan throne some day, and he left one unnamed daughter.
Jordan II of Capua
Jordan II  (died 19 December 1127) was the third son of Prince Jordan I of Capua and Princess Gaitelgrima, a daughter of Prince Guaimar IV of Salerno.
He was, from at least May 1109, the lord of Nocera, and, after June 1120, Prince of Capua.
The date and place of his birth are unknown, but it must have been later than 1080.
He was married, before 1113, to Gaitelgrima, daughter of Sergius, Prince of Sorrento, a union which allowed him to extend his influence down the Amalfi coast from his castle at Nocera.
Robert of Capua
Robert of Capua may refer to:
Landulf II of Capua
Landulf II(" c". 825 – 879) was Bishop and Count of Capua.
He was the youngest of four sons of Landulf I, gastald of Capua.
As a young man, he entered the church.
When his father died, his eldest brother, Lando, succeeded him.
On the death of the bishop of Capua, Paulinus, Lando made Landulf bishop of the city.
Lando died in 861 and his young son, Lando II was deposed only a few months later by Landulf's other elder brother, Pando.
Pando too died soon thereafter( 862 or 863) and a succession crisis broke out.
Pando's son Pandenulf was shoved aside and Landulf, though bishop, took the Capuan throne in 863.
However, the other branches of the family refused to recognize the usurpation and began seizing much of the county for themselves, leaving Landulf II only in control of the town of Capua proper.
Isolated, Landulf II invited Saracen mercenaries to ravage the lands of his familiars, a move which much alarmed his neighbors( including the pope).
In 866, the deposed Pandenulf appealed to Emperor Louis II, then visiting Monte Cassino, to act against his uncle.
The Emperor promptly besieged Capua and divested Landulf II, but instead of restoring Pandenulf, decided to pass the county of Capua over to the marquis Lambert I of Spoleto.
This arrangement did not last long.
In 871, Lambert was involved in a rebellion against Louis II orchestrated by Adelchis of Benevento.
In the aftermath, Louis II deposed Lambert and restored Landulf II as count of Capua.
As a condition, Landulf II swore off deploying Saracens in the county.
Upon the death of Louis( 875), who had strictly enforced peace amongst the Christians of the Mezzogiorno, Landulf II allied himself with the Saracens, but in 877, Pope John VIII convinced him to ally himself to the papacy against the Muslims.
He spent the next years defending the Amalfi Coast with his navy in return for tribute.
Landulf II died in 879, undisputed count of Capua, and a succession crisis broke out again between his nephews Lando II( son of Lando), Pandenulf( son of Pando) and Lando III( son of Landenulf of Teano).
In the chronicle of Erchempert, of whom he was a contemporary, Landulf II of Capua is the chief villain, portrayed as a dabbler in mysticism and black magic, Saracen ally and enemy of Christendom.
Erchempert's portrayal of Landulf II was the inspiration for the character of evil duke and magician Klingsor in Wolfram von Eschenbach's medieval epic" Parzival".
Eschenbach's epic was later translated into the famous nineteenth- century opera" Parsifal" by Richard Wagner.
As American film director George Lucas is frequently said to have looked to" Parsifal" for inspiration in his creation of the" Star Wars" saga, Landulf II of Capua, via this long chain of association, is the closest historical source for the villainous Darth Vader.
Jay W. Jordan II
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Lyon Cohen
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Gaitelgrima of Salerno
Gaitelgrima of Salerno( fl. 1091), was princess consort of Capua by marriage to Jordan I of Capua.
She was regent of Capua in 1091 during the minority of her sons, Richard, Robert, and Jordan.
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Crown Prince of Jordan
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Question: Who is the paternal grandfather of Jordan Ii Of Capua?
Answer: Richard I of Capua