Abd al-Muttalib
Abd al- Muttalib Shaybah ibn Hashim( c. 497 – 578) was the grandfather of Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir)
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Abd al-Malik I (died late 961) was emir of the Sāmānids (954–961).
He was the son of Nuh I.
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
Abd al- Malik ibn Marwan ibn al- Hakam( July/ August 644 or June/ July 647 – 9 October 705) was the fifth Umayyad caliph, ruling from April 685 until his death.
A member of the first generation of born Muslims, his early life in Medina was occupied with pious pursuits.
He held administrative and military posts under Caliph Mu'awiya I, founder of the Umayyad Caliphate, and his own father, Caliph Marwan I.
By the time of Abd al- Malik's accession, Umayyad authority had collapsed across the Caliphate as a result of the Second Muslim Civil War and had been reconstituted in Syria and Egypt during his father's reign.
Following a failed invasion of Iraq in 686, Abd al- Malik focused on securing Syria before making further attempts to conquer the greater part of the Caliphate from his principal rival, the Mecca- based caliph Abd Allah ibn al- Zubayr.
To that end, he concluded an unfavorable truce with the reinvigorated Byzantine Empire in 689, quashed a coup attempt in Damascus by his kinsman, al- Ashdaq, the following year, and reincorporated into the army the rebellious Qaysi tribes of the Jazira( Upper Mesopotamia) in 691.
He then conquered Zubayrid Iraq and dispatched his general, al- Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, to Mecca where he killed Ibn al- Zubayr in late 692, thereby reuniting the Caliphate under Abd al- Malik's rule.
The war with Byzantium resumed, resulting in Umayyad advances into Anatolia and Armenia, the destruction of Carthage and the recapture of Kairouan, the launchpad for the later conquests of western North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, in 698.
In the east, Abd al- Malik's viceroy, al- Hajjaj, firmly established the caliph's authority in Iraq and Khurasan, stamping out opposition by the Kharijites and the Arab tribal nobility by 702.
Abd al- Malik's final years were marked by a domestically peaceful and prosperous consolidation of power.
In a significant departure from his predecessors, rule over the Caliphate's provinces was centralized under Abd al- Malik, following the elimination of his rivals.
Gradually, loyalist Arab troops from Syria were tasked with maintaining order in the provinces as dependence on less reliable, local Arab garrisons receded.
Tax surpluses from the provinces were forwarded to Damascus and the traditional military stipends to veterans of the early Muslim conquests and their descendants were abolished, salaries being restricted to those in active service.
The most consequential of Abd al- Malik's reforms were the introduction of a single Islamic currency in place of Byzantine and Sasanian coinage and the establishment of Arabic as the language of the bureaucracy in place of Greek and Persian in Syria and Iraq, respectively.
His Muslim upbringing, the conflicts with external and local Christian forces and rival claimants to Islamic leadership all influenced Abd al- Malik's efforts to prescribe a distinctly Islamic character to the Umayyad state.
Another manifestation of this initiative was his founding of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, the earliest archaeologically attested religious monument built by a Muslim ruler and the possessor of the earliest epigraphic proclamations of Islam and the prophet Muhammad.
The foundations established by Abd al- Malik enabled his son and successor, al- Walid I, who largely maintained his father's policies, to oversee the Umayyad Caliphate's territorial and economic zenith.
Abd al- Malik's centralized government became the prototype of later medieval Muslim states.
Abd al-Malik ibn Rabi
Abd al-Malik ibn Rabi was among the narrators of hadith.
Abd al-Malik II (Samanid emir)
' Abd al- Malik II( died December 1004) was amir of the Samanids( 3 February 999 – December 1004).
His brief reign saw the downfall of the Samanid state.
He was the son of Nuh II.
In February 999,' Abd al- Malik's brother Mansur II was deposed and blinded.
He was then appointed amir by Fa'iq and the general Bektuzun, the same two individuals who had overthrown his brother and together controlled most of the power in the state.
Mansur's overthrow was used as a pretext by Mahmud of Ghazni to conquer the remainder of Khurasan still in the hands of the Samanids.
Bektuzun and Fa'iq, together with the ruler of Kuhistan, Abu'l- Qasim Simjuri, however, were judged to be too powerful by Mahmud.
He therefore made peace with them in the spring of 999, keeping Balkh and Herat.
The allies spoiled the peace by attacking the rearguard of Mahmud's army.
Mahmud's forces however, remained intact, and hostilities were resumed.
Mahmud defeated the allies near Merv and subsequently seized all land south of the Oxus.
He also gained the loyalty of Chaghaniyan and other minor states to the north of the Oxus that had hitherto been loyal vassals of the Samanids.
At this point,' Abd al- Malik and Fa'iq( to be joined later by Bektuzun) attempted to gain enough momentum for a renewed offensive against Mahmud.
However, Fa'iq soon died, at about the same time the Karakhanids under Nasr Khan launched an invasion.
Faced with the hostility of his subjects,' Abd al- Malik was helpless against the Turkic onslaught.
Bukhara was occupied without a struggle, and' Abd al- Malik was taken prisoner.
Although' Abd al- Malik's brother Isma'il Muntasir would temporarily regain some of the Samanid lands in the following years, the Samanid state was effectively abolished.
Abu Abdallah Mohammed II Saadi
Abu Abdallah Mohammed II, Al- Mutawakkil, often simply Abdallah Mohammed( died 4 August 1578) was Sultan of Morocco from 1574 to 1576.
He was the oldest son of Abdallah al- Ghalib and became Sultan after his father's death.
Immediately after his accession to the throne he had one of his brothers executed and another( Mulay en- Naser, the governor of Tadla) imprisoned.
Abu Abdallah's uncle Abd al- Malik, who was like Abdallah al- Ghalib a son of Mohammed ash- Sheikh, had already fled to Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire in 1574.
Back in Ottoman Algeria, Abd al- Malik succeeded in organising his own army, consisting of Ottoman soldiers, and in 1576 he invaded Morocco and conquered Fez from his nephew, in the Capture of Fez.
The first battle was in al- Rukn in the lands of Banu waritin, near Fez.
In a second battle near Salé( Rabat) in Jandaq al- Rayhan, Abd al- Malik also defeated his nephew.
A third battle, also won by Abd al- Malik, took place in Taroudannt.
Both Abd al- Malik and Abu Abdallah died two years later in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir, in 1578.
In that battle, Abu Abdallah fought his last battle against his uncle Abd al- Malik with the help of his Portuguese allies.
Umar II
Umar ibn Abd al- Aziz( 2 November 682 –), commonly known as Umar II, was the eighth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 22 September 717 until his death in 720.
He was also a cousin of the former caliph, being the son of Abd al- Malik's younger brother, Abd al- Aziz.
He was also a matrilineal great- grandson of the second caliph, Umar ibn Al- Khattab.
Ibn abd al-Malik al-Marrakushi
Ibn abd al- Malik al- Marrakushi or al- Murrakushi
( Full name:" Abu abd Allah Muhammed ibn Muhammed ibn abd al- Malik al- Marrakushi")
( b. 5 July 1237 – September 1303) was a Moroccan scholar, historian, judge and biographer.
He is the author of the famous book' Ad- Dayl wa Takmila', a substantial collection of biographies of notable people from Morocco and al- Andalus.
The book is composed of 9 volumes with approximately 700 pages each of which only 4 volumes reached us entirely( Volumes 1, 5, 6, 8 and parts of 2 and 4).
It contains many intricate details, such as the exact pronunciation of names which is n't always accurately rendered in the Arabic writing system.
In 1300, Ibn abd al- Malik left Marrakech following the court of the Marinid King Abu Yaqub Yusuf an- Nasr and settled in Mansourah, where the Marinids were besieging Tlemcen in an attempt to oust the Abd al- Wadid dynasty.
He seems to have died there three years later in September 1303, though there were reports of him being at Aghmat only three months earlier.
Ibn abd al- Malik spent his life writing his biographical dictionary ad- Dayl wa Takmila which was completed only a few months before his death.
The book was originally designed to complete the works of Ibn Bashkuwal and Ibn al- Faradi, but eventually surpassed them.
He had a son who settled in Málaga where he became a close friend of Ibn al- Khatib.
The latter based much of his biographical book A" l- Ihata" on the works of Ibn abd al- Malik.
Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi
Abu Marwan
Abd al- Malik I, often simply Abd al- Malik or Mulay Abdelmalek( died 4 August 1578), was the Saadi Sultan of Morocco from 1576 until his death right after the Battle of Ksar El Kebir against Portugal in 1578.
Nuh I
Nuh ibn Nasr, or
Nuh I (died 954), was the amir of the Samanids in 943–954.
He was the son of Nasr II.
It is rumoured that he married a Chinese princess.

Question: Who is the paternal grandfather of Abd Al-Malik I (Samanid Emir)?
Answer: Nasr II