qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Grand Funk Railroad
Grand Funk Railroad, sometimes shortened as Grand Funk, is an American hard rock band popular during the 1970s, which toured extensively and played to packed arenas worldwide. Known for their crowd-pleasing arena rock style, the band was well-regarded by audiences despite a relative lack of critical acclaim. The band's name is a play on words of the Grand Trunk Western Railroad, a line that runs through the band's home town of Flint, Michigan.
Mel Schacher
Melvin George "Mel" Schacher (born April 8, 1951) is best known as the bassist for rock band Grand Funk Railroad.

Question: What position did Melvin George Schacher play in the American rock band popular during the 1970s?
Answer: bassist
The Drop (film)
The Drop is a 2014 American crime film directed by Michaël R. Roskam and distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures. It was written by Dennis Lehane, based on his 2009 short story "Animal Rescue". It follows Bob Saginowski, a bartender who becomes entangled in an investigation after the mob-run bar where he works is robbed. It stars Tom Hardy, Noomi Rapace, James Gandolfini (in his final film role), and Matthias Schoenaerts.
The Drop (film)
The film was produced by TSG Entertainment and Chernin Entertainment. It premiered at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically on September 12, 2014. It grossed $4.1 million during its opening weekend and $18.7 million worldwide, against a budget of $12.6 million. It received positive reviews and has an 89% approval rating based on 198 votes on Rotten Tomatoes.
James Gandolfini
James Joseph Gandolfini Jr. (] ; September 18, 1961 – June 19, 2013) was an American actor and producer. He is best known for his role as Tony Soprano, the Italian-American crime boss in HBO's television series "The Sopranos", for which he won three Emmy Awards, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, and one Golden Globe Award. Gandolfini's performance as Tony Soprano is widely regarded as among the greatest performances in television history.

Question: The actor that played Tony Soprano in "The Sopranos" stars with Tom Hardy in a 2014 crime drama film directed by who?
Answer: Michaël R. Roskam
Operation Falcon Summit
Operation Falcon Summit (Pashto: "Baaz Tsuka") was a Canadian-led operation in the Battle of Panjwaii and, on a larger scale, in the 2001–present War in Afghanistan.
Battle of Panjwaii
The Battle of Panjwaii was fought in mid-2006 between primarily Canadian and Afghan soldiers, supported by small elements of Dutch, American, and British forces, and the Taliban. There were two separate times in which the forces were involved in heavy fighting in the region. The first phase was fought in July 2006, and the second encounter lasted from September to October 2006.

Question: Operation Falcon Summit was led in a battle fought when?
Answer: mid-2006
Identity (social science)
Weinreich's identity variant similarly includes the categories of identity diffusion, foreclosure and crisis, but with a somewhat different emphasis. Here, with respect to identity diffusion for example, an optimal level is interpreted as the norm, as it is unrealistic to expect an individual to resolve all their conflicted identifications with others; therefore we should be alert to individuals with levels which are much higher or lower than the norm – highly diffused individuals are classified as diffused, and those with low levels as foreclosed or defensive. (Weinreich & Saunderson, 2003, pp 65–67; 105–106). Weinreich applies the identity variant in a framework which also allows for the transition from one to another by way of biographical experiences and resolution of conflicted identifications situated in various contexts – for example, an adolescent going through family break-up may be in one state, whereas later in a stable marriage with a secure professional role may be in another. Hence, though there is continuity, there is also development and change. (Weinreich & Saunderson, 2003, pp 22–23).

Question: What level of identity diffusion is interpreted as the norm?
Answer: an optimal level
Philadelphia
Since the early days of rail transportation in the United States, Philadelphia has served as a hub for several major rail companies, particularly the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Reading Railroad. The Pennsylvania Railroad first operated Broad Street Station, then 30th Street Station and Suburban Station, and the Reading Railroad operated Reading Terminal, now part of the Pennsylvania Convention Center. The two companies also operated competing commuter rail systems in the area. The two systems now operate as a single system under the control of SEPTA, the regional transit authority. Additionally, the PATCO Speedline subway system and NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line operate successor services to southern New Jersey.

Question: Name 2 rail companies that use the city as a hub?
Answer: Pennsylvania Railroad and the Reading Railroad
Dutch language
Like most Germanic languages, Dutch forms noun compounds, where the first noun modifies the category given by the second ("hondenhok" = doghouse). Unlike English, where newer compounds or combinations of longer nouns are often written in open form with separating spaces, Dutch (like the other Germanic languages) either uses the closed form without spaces ("boomhut" = tree house) or inserts a hyphen ("VVD-coryfee" = outstanding member of the VVD, a political party). Like German, Dutch allows arbitrarily long compounds, but the longer they get, the less frequent they tend to be.

Question: What language is like Dutch in allowing compounds to be any length?
Answer: German
Toy Story (franchise)
Toy Story is a Disney media franchise that commenced in 1995 with the release of the animated feature film of the same name, produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys, unknown to humans, are secretly alive and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy doll named Sheriff Woody and a modern spaceman action figure named Buzz Lightyear, principally voiced by Tom Hanks and Tim Allen. The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them.
Toy Story of Terror!
Toy Story of Terror! is a 21-minute computer-animated Halloween television special produced by Pixar Animation Studios and Disney Television Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures, based on the Disney Pixar "Toy Story" movies. It is set after the events of "Toy Story 3", and premiered on the American television network ABC on October 16, 2013. It was written and directed by Angus MacLane, produced by Galyn Susman, with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, Timothy Dalton, and Kristen Schaal reprising their roles of Woody, Buzz Lightyear, Jessie, Mr. Potato Head, Rex, Mr. Pricklepants, and Trixie with Carl Weathers as Combat Carl and Stephen Tobolowsky as the motel manager. Michael Giacchino composed the music for the special. The film's soundtrack was released on October 15, 2013, on Amazon.com and iTunes in digital format.

Question: Which studio produced the movie which had a 21-minute Halloween television special based on it that premiered on Wednesday, October 16, 2013?
Answer: Pixar Animation Studios
Antarctica
The first semi-permanent inhabitants of regions near Antarctica (areas situated south of the Antarctic Convergence) were British and American sealers who used to spend a year or more on South Georgia, from 1786 onward. During the whaling era, which lasted until 1966, the population of that island varied from over 1,000 in the summer (over 2,000 in some years) to some 200 in the winter. Most of the whalers were Norwegian, with an increasing proportion of Britons. The settlements included Grytviken, Leith Harbour, King Edward Point, Stromness, Husvik, Prince Olav Harbour, Ocean Harbour and Godthul. Managers and other senior officers of the whaling stations often lived together with their families. Among them was the founder of Grytviken, Captain Carl Anton Larsen, a prominent Norwegian whaler and explorer who, along with his family, adopted British citizenship in 1910.

Question: Where did the first semi-permanent residents of the Antarctic area live?
Answer: South Georgia
Carnival
Carnival was introduced by Portuguese settlers. It is celebrated on each of the archipelago's nine inhabited islands. In Mindelo, São Vicente, groups challenge each other for a yearly prize. It has imported various Brazilian Carnival traditions. The celebration in São Nicolau is more traditional, where established groups parade through the Ribeira Brava, gathering in the town square, although it has adopted drums, floats and costumes from Brazil. In São Nicolau, three groups, Copa Cabana, Estrela Azul, and Brilho Da Zona, construct a painted float using fire, newspaper for the mold, and iron and steel for structure. Carnival São Nicolau is celebrated over three days: dawn Saturday, Sunday afternoon, and Tuesday. The celebrations are captured in the award-winning feature documentary Tchindas, nominated at the 12th Africa Movie Academy Awards.

Question: Over how many days is São Nicolau's Carnival celebrated? 
Answer: three
Journal of the Optical Society of America
The Journal of the Optical Society of America is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of optics, published by The Optical Society. It was established in 1917 and in 1984 was split into two parts, A and B.
Delwin Lindsey
Delwin T. Lindsey is an American psychologist who got his degree in physics from Pomona College following by a Ph.D. in biopsychology from the University of Chicago where he currently teaches evolutionary psychology and its history. He is a member of Vision Sciences Society and the Optical Society of America in which he also works as an editor of its journal.

Question: Which journal established by The Optical Society in 1917 has Delwin Lindsey as an editor?
Answer: Journal of the Optical Society of America
Houston
The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston area's economy equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area, $3.13 billion in total economic benefit, and 24,000 local jobs generated. This is in addition to the 12,500 new graduates the U.H. System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout Texas. These degree-holders tend to stay in Houston. After five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region.

Question: How many local jobs are produced by the University of Houston?
Answer: 24,000
VFA-101
Strike Fighter Squadron 101 (VFA-101), also known as the "Grim Reapers", was a United States Navy Fleet Replacement Squadron (FRS) based at Eglin AFB, Florida. After the West Coast FRS for the F-14 Tomcat, VF-124, was disestablished in the mid-1990s, VF-101 became the sole F-14 FRS. At the time it was based at NAS Oceana in Virginia. With the retirement of the F-14, VF-101 was deactivated in 2005. It was reactivated in 2012 and redesignated Strike Fighter Squadron 101 (VFA-101). It was one of two F-35C Lightning II FRS before being deactivated in 2019 . It was based at Eglin AFB, Florida with the joint 33d Fighter Wing (33 FW), as a subordinate unit of the U.S. Navy's Strike Fighter Wing, U.S. Pacific Fleet.
Grumman F-14 Tomcat
The Grumman F-14 Tomcat is an American supersonic, twin-engine, two-seat, twin-tail, variable-sweep wing fighter aircraft. The Tomcat was developed for the United States Navy's Naval Fighter Experimental (VFX) program after the collapse of the F-111B project. The F-14 was the first of the American Teen Series fighters, which were designed incorporating air combat experience against MiG fighters during the Vietnam War.

Question: After the retirement of the first of the American teen-series fighters, the predecessor to the VFA-101 was deactivated in what year?
Answer: 2005
Bacteria
Bacterial infections may be treated with antibiotics, which are classified as bacteriocidal if they kill bacteria, or bacteriostatic if they just prevent bacterial growth. There are many types of antibiotics and each class inhibits a process that is different in the pathogen from that found in the host. An example of how antibiotics produce selective toxicity are chloramphenicol and puromycin, which inhibit the bacterial ribosome, but not the structurally different eukaryotic ribosome. Antibiotics are used both in treating human disease and in intensive farming to promote animal growth, where they may be contributing to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations. Infections can be prevented by antiseptic measures such as sterilising the skin prior to piercing it with the needle of a syringe, and by proper care of indwelling catheters. Surgical and dental instruments are also sterilised to prevent contamination by bacteria. Disinfectants such as bleach are used to kill bacteria or other pathogens on surfaces to prevent contamination and further reduce the risk of infection.

Question: Besides in treating human disease where else are antibiotics used?
Answer: in intensive farming to promote animal growth
Antarctica
Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.

Question: What type of geologic activity occurred even after the formation of the ice sheets?
Answer: volcanic
Utrecht
From the middle of the 3rd century, Germanic tribes regularly invaded the Roman territories. Around 275 the Romans could no longer maintain the northern border and Utrecht was abandoned. Little is known about the next period 270–650. Utrecht is first spoken of again several centuries after the Romans left. Under the influence of the growing realms of the Franks, during Dagobert I's reign in the 7th century, a church was built within the walls of the Roman fortress. In ongoing border conflicts with the Frisians, this first church was destroyed.

Question: What happens between 275 and 650
Answer: Little is known about the next period 270–650.
Electric motor
In 1886, Frank Julian Sprague invented the first practical DC motor, a non-sparking device that maintained relatively constant speed under variable loads. Other Sprague electric inventions about this time greatly improved grid electric distribution (prior work done while employed by Thomas Edison), allowed power from electric motors to be returned to the electric grid, provided for electric distribution to trolleys via overhead wires and the trolley pole, and provided control systems for electric operations. This allowed Sprague to use electric motors to invent the first electric trolley system in 1887–88 in Richmond, Virginia, the electric elevator and control system in 1892, and the electric subway with independently powered centrally-controlled cars. The latter were first installed in 1892 in Chicago by the South Side Elevated Railroad, where it became popularly known as the "L". Sprague's motor and related inventions led to an explosion of interest and use in electric motors for industry. The development of electric motors of acceptable efficiency was delayed for several decades by failure to recognize the extreme importance of an air gap between the rotor and stator. Efficient designs have a comparatively small air gap. The St. Louis motor, long used in classrooms to illustrate motor principles, is extremely inefficient for the same reason, as well as appearing nothing like a modern motor.

Question: Which inventor created the first useful DC motor?
Answer: Frank Julian Sprague
Plymouth
In 1919 Nancy Astor was elected the first-ever female member of parliament to take office in the British Houses of Parliament for the constituency of Plymouth Sutton. Taking over office from her husband Waldorf Astor, Lady Astor was a vibrantly active campaigner for her resident constituents. Plymouth was granted city status on 18 October 1928. The city's first Lord Mayor was appointed in 1935 and its boundaries further expanded in 1967 to include the town of Plympton and the parish of Plymstock.

Question: What parish was incorporated into Plymouth in 1967?
Answer: Plymstock
Liberal Party of Australia
After an initial loss to Labor at the 1946 election, Menzies led the Liberals to victory at the 1949 election, and the party stayed in office for a record 23 years— the longest unbroken run ever in government at the federal level. Australia experienced prolonged economic growth during the post-war boom period of the Menzies Government (1949–1966) and Menzies fulfilled his promises at the 1949 election to end rationing of butter, tea and petrol and provided a five-shilling endowment for first-born children, as well as for others. While himself an unashamed anglophile, Menzies' government concluded a number of major defence and trade treaties that set Australia on its post-war trajectory out of Britain's orbit; opened up Australia to multi-ethnic immigration; and instigated important legal reforms regarding Aboriginal Australians.

Question: How many years did the Liberals stay in office after the 1949 election?
Answer: a record 23 years
Financial crisis of 2007–2008
The pricing of risk refers to the risk premium required by investors for taking on additional risk, which may be measured by higher interest rates or fees. Several scholars have argued that a lack of transparency about banks' risk exposures prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis, enabled the mortgage market to grow larger than it otherwise would have, and made the financial crisis far more disruptive than it would have been if risk levels had been disclosed in a straightforward, readily understandable format.

Question: According to several scholars, what prevented markets from correctly pricing risk before the crisis?
Answer: lack of transparency about banks' risk exposures
Queen Victoria
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. She adopted the additional title of Empress of India on 1 May 1876. Known as the Victorian era, her reign of 63 years and seven months was longer than that of any of her predecessors. It was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.
1884 Birthday Honours
The 1884 Birthday Honours were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of the Queen, and were published in "The London Gazette" in May and June 1884.

Question: On what date did the woman who appointed the 1884 Birthday Honours become Queen?
Answer: 20 June 1837
Central Islip, New York
Central Islip is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the Town of Islip in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 34,450 at the 2010 census.
Joe Smith (musician)
Joe "Fox" Smith "(né" Joseph Emory Smith; 28 June 1902 Ripley, Ohio – 2 December 1937 Central Islip, New York) was an American jazz trumpeter.

Question: What county did Joe Smith die in?
Answer: Suffolk County, New York
Serbo-Croatian
The process of linguistic standardization of Serbo-Croatian was originally initiated in the mid-19th-century Vienna Literary Agreement by Croatian and Serbian writers and philologists, decades before a Yugoslav state was established. From the very beginning, there were slightly different literary Serbian and Croatian standards, although both were based on the same dialect of Shtokavian, Eastern Herzegovinian. In the 20th century, Serbo-Croatian served as the official language of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (when it was called "Serbo-Croato-Slovenian"), and later as one of the official languages of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The breakup of Yugoslavia affected language attitudes, so that social conceptions of the language separated on ethnic and political lines. Since the breakup of Yugoslavia, Bosnian has likewise been established as an official standard in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and there is an ongoing movement to codify a separate Montenegrin standard.

Question: Which additional language was added as an official language after the breakup of Yugoslavia?
Answer: Bosnian
Portugal
As a result of the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family, Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus were expanded and highly modernized. Portuguese and their allied British troops fought against the French Invasion of Portugal and by 1815 the situation in Europe had cooled down sufficiently that João VI would have been able to return safely to Lisbon. However, the King of Portugal remained in Brazil until the Liberal Revolution of 1820, which started in Porto, demanded his return to Lisbon in 1821.

Question: What provoked the modernization and expansion of the Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus?
Answer: the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family
Aalborg
Aalborg ( , , ] ( ) ), also spelt Ålborg, is Denmark's fourth largest city with an urban population of 140,897.
Aalborg
The twin city Nørresundby is 600 m across the Limfjord. With a population of 217,075 (as of 2019 ), the Municipality of Aalborg is the third most populous in the country after Copenhagen and Aarhus. By road Aalborg is 64 km southwest of Frederikshavn, and 118 km north of Aarhus. The distance to Copenhagen is 412 km if travelling by road and not using ferries.
Chris Nielsen (singer)
Chris Nielsen (born April 2, 1955) is a Canadian country singer, who recorded both as a solo artist and as a duo with her husband R. Harlan Smith. Her singles included "You Know I Want You", "Baby Pictures", "I'd Love You Like Nobody Dared To", "Everyone's Laughin' But Me" and "Second Chance".

Question: How far by road is Chris Nielsen's birth city from Frederikshavn?
Answer: 64 km
House music
In March 1987, the UK tour of influential US DJs such as Knuckles, Jefferson, Fingers Inc. (Heard) and Adonis, on the DJ International Tour boosted house's popularity in the UK. Following the number-one success of MARRS' "Pump Up The Volume" in October, in 1987 to 1989, UK acts such as The Beatmasters, Krush, Coldcut, Yazz, Bomb The Bass, S-Express, and Italy's Black Box opened the doors to house music success on the UK charts. Early British house music quickly set itself apart from the original Chicago house sound. Many of the early hits were based on sample montage, and unlike the US soulful vocals, in UK house, rap was often used for vocals (far more than in the US), and humor and wit was an important element.

Question: what was the name of MARRS' number-one single in October 1987?
Answer: "Pump Up The Volume"
Tartuffe
Tartuffe, or The Impostor, or The Hypocrite ( ; , ] ), first performed in 1664, is one of the most famous theatrical comedies by Molière. The characters of Tartuffe, Elmire, and Orgon are considered among the greatest classical theatre roles.
The Guilty Mother
The Guilty Mother ( ), subtitled "The Other Tartuffe", is the third play of the "Figaro" trilogy by Pierre Beaumarchais; its predecessors were "The Barber of Seville" and "The Marriage of Figaro". This was the author's last play. It is rarely revived. Like the earlier plays of the trilogy it has been turned into operatic form, but it has not entered the general opera repertoire.

Question: Who wrote the theatrical comedy referenced in the subtitle of The Guilty Mother as "the other"?
Answer: Molière
Without You (Badfinger song)
"Without You" is a song written by Pete Ham and Tom Evans of British rock group Badfinger, and first released on their 1970 album "No Dice". The power ballad has been recorded by over 180 artists, and versions released as singles by Harry Nilsson (1971) and Mariah Carey (1994) became international best-sellers. Paul McCartney once described the ballad as "the killer song of all time".
Nilsson Schmilsson
Nilsson Schmilsson is the seventh album by American singer Harry Nilsson, released by RCA Records in November 1971. It was Nilsson's most commercially successful work, producing three of his best-known songs. Among these was the number 1 hit "Without You", written by Pete Ham and Tom Evans of the group Badfinger. The album was the first of two Nilsson albums recorded in London and produced by Richard Perry.

Question: Who produced Harry Nilsson's seventh album "Nilsson Schmilsson" which features the hit "Without You"?
Answer: Richard Perry
Multiracial Americans
After the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades to be completed. The last slaves in New York were not freed until 1827. In connection with the Second Great Awakening, Quaker and Methodist preachers in the South urged slaveholders to free their slaves. Revolutionary ideals led many men to free their slaves, some by deed and others by will, so that from 1782 to 1810, the percentage of free people of color rose from less than one percent to nearly 10 percent of blacks in the South.

Question: How were the laws in New York abolished?
Answer: in programs of gradual emancipation
Napa cabbage
Napa or napa cabbage ("Brassica rapa" subsp. "pekinensis" or "Brassica rapa" Pekinensis Group) is a type of Chinese cabbage originating near the Beijing region of China, and is widely used in East Asian cuisine. Since the 20th century, it has also become a widespread crop in Europe, the Americas and Australia. In much of the world, this is the vegetable referred to as "Chinese cabbage". In Australia it is referred to as "wombok".
Kkakdugi
Kkakdugi (깍두기) or diced radish kimchi is a variety of kimchi in Korean cuisine. Usually, it has all the ingredients of kimchi, but the baechu (hangul: 배추; Napa cabbage) used for kimchi is replaced with Korean radish (called "mu", 무 in Korean). "Kkakdugi" is a popular banchan (side dish) enjoyed by Koreans and others.

Question: In what country does baechu originate?
Answer: China
Dakota Johnson
Dakota Mayi Johnson (born October 4, 1989) is an American actress and model. The daughter of actors Don Johnson and Melanie Griffith, she made her film debut at age ten with a minor appearance in "Crazy in Alabama" (1999), a dark comedy film starring her mother. Johnson was discouraged from pursuing acting further until she completed high school, after which she began auditioning for roles in Los Angeles.
Dakota Johnson
She was cast in a minor part in "The Social Network" (2010), and subsequently had supporting roles in the comedy "21 Jump Street", the independent comedy "Goats", and the romantic comedy "The Five-Year Engagement" (all 2012). In 2015, Johnson had her first starring role as Anastasia Steele in the "Fifty Shades" film series (2015–2018). For her performance in the series, she received a BAFTA Rising Star Award nomination in 2016.
Peter Griffith
Peter Atwill Griffith (October 23, 1933 – May 14, 2001) was an American advertising executive and child stage actor, appearing on Broadway a few times. His daughters Melanie Griffith and Tracy Griffith and his granddaughter Dakota Johnson became actresses.

Question: Peter Griffith's granddaughter had her screen debut in what 1999 film?
Answer: "Crazy in Alabama"
Treat You Better
"Treat You Better" is a song recorded by Canadian singer and songwriter Shawn Mendes. It was co-written by Mendes with Teddy Geiger, and Scott Harris. It was released on June 3, 2016, through Island Records as the lead single from his second studio album, "Illuminate" (2016). The music video was released on July 12, 2016, and features a storyline about an abusive relationship.
Treat You Better
The song peaked at number six on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, making it Mendes' second top 10 single. In Canada, the song has peaked at number seven on the Canadian Hot 100.
Shawn Mendes
Shawn Peter Raul Mendes ( ; born August 8, 1998) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. He gained a following in 2013, posting song covers on the video-sharing application Vine. The following year, he caught the attention of artist manager Andrew Gertler and Island Records A&R Ziggy Chareton, which led to him signing a deal with the record label. He has since released three studio albums, headlined three world tours, and received several awards.

Question: The singer and songwriter who recorded "Treat You Better" was born on what day?
Answer: August 8, 1998
Peperomia
Peperomia (radiator plant) is one of the two large genera of the family Piperaceae. Most of them are compact, small perennial epiphytes growing on rotten wood. More than 1500 species have been recorded, occurring in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world, though concentrated in Central America and northern South America. A limited number of species (around 17) are found in Africa.
Cycad
Cycads are seed plants with a very long fossil history that were formerly more abundant and more diverse than they are today. They typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk with a crown of large, hard and stiff, evergreen leaves. They usually have pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, therefore the individual plants of a species are either male or female. Cycads vary in size from having trunks only a few centimeters to several meters tall. They typically grow very slowly and live very long, with some specimens known to be as much as 1,000 years old. Because of their superficial resemblance, they are sometimes mistaken for palms or ferns, but they are not closely related to either group.
Cycad
Cycads are gymnosperms (naked seeded), meaning their unfertilized seeds are open to the air to be directly fertilized by pollination, as contrasted with angiosperms, which have enclosed seeds with more complex fertilization arrangements. Cycads have very specialized pollinators, usually a specific species of beetle. They have been reported to fix nitrogen in association with various cyanobacteria living in the roots (the "coralloid" roots). These photosynthetic bacteria produce a neurotoxin called BMAA that is found in the seeds of cycads. This neurotoxin may enter a human food chain as the cycad seeds may be eaten directly as a source of flour by humans or by wild or feral animals such as bats, and humans may eat these animals. It is hypothesized that this is a source of some neurological diseases in humans.

Question: Are Cycad and Peperomia both seed plants?
Answer: no
Union Pacific Railroad
The Union Pacific Railroad (reporting marks UP, UPP, UPY) , legally Union Pacific Railroad Company and simply Union Pacific, is a freight-hauling railroad that operates 8,300 locomotives over 32200 mi routes in 23 U.S. states west of Chicago and New Orleans. The Union Pacific Railroad system is the second largest in the United States after BNSF and is one of the world's largest transportation companies. The Union Pacific Railroad is the principal operating company of the Union Pacific Corporation, both headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska. The president of Union Pacific since 2015 is Lance Fritz.
Las Vegas and Tonopah Railroad
The Las Vegas and Tonopah Railroad was a 197.9 mi railroad built by William A. Clark that ran northwest from a connection with the mainline of the San Pedro, Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad at Las Vegas, Nevada to the gold mines at Goldfield. The SPLA&SL railroad later became part of the Union Pacific Railroad and serves as their mainline between Los Angeles and Salt Lake City.

Question: The Las Vegas and Tonopah Railroad was a 197.9 mile railroad.that ran northwest from a connection with the mainline of the San Pedro, Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad at Las Vegas, Nevada, the SPLA&SL railroad later became part of which freight hauling railroad that operates 8,500 locomotives over 32,100 route-miles in 23 states west of Chicago and New Orleans?
Answer: Union Pacific Railroad
Secret Garden (duo)
Secret Garden is an Irish-Norwegian band specialised in new instrumental music, led by the duo consisting of Irish violinist and singer Fionnuala Sherry and Norwegian composer, arranger and pianist Rolf Løvland.
Dawn of a New Century
Dawn of a New Century (released 20 April 1999 by Universal Music, Norway – 546 120-2 / Philips) is the third album by an Irish-Norwegian duo Secret Garden, released by Philips Records in 1999. Capercaillie's frontwoman Karen Matheson performed as a soloist for the song "Prayer".

Question: Dawn of a New Century is the third album by a duo that includes what Irish violinist?
Answer: Fionnuala Sherry
2010 International Bowl
The 2010 International Bowl was the fourth and final edition of the college football bowl game, and was played at Rogers Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The game started at 12:00 PM US EST on Saturday, January 2, 2010. The game was telecast on ESPN2 and the South Florida Bulls defeated the Northern Illinois Huskies 27–3.
Rogers Centre
Rogers Centre, originally named SkyDome, is a multi-purpose stadium in Downtown Toronto, Canada, situated just southwest of the CN Tower near the northern shore of Lake Ontario. Opened in 1989 on the former Railway Lands, it is home to the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB). Previously, the stadium was also home to the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL) and the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL) played an annual game at the stadium as part of the Bills Toronto Series from 2008 to 2013. While it is primarily a sports venue, it also hosts other large events such as conventions, trade fairs, concerts, travelling carnivals, circuses and monster truck shows.

Question: The 2010 International Bowl was played at the stadium just southwest of what edifice?
Answer: CN Tower
Bethesda Softworks
Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited, and in 1999 became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first fifteen years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its own in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, and Bethesda Softworks retained only its publishing function. As such, Bethesda Softworks acts as the publisher for all games developed by ZeniMax's development studios.
Bethesda Softworks
Bethesda Softworks was founded by Weaver in Bethesda, Maryland, in 1986. It started as a division of Media Technology Limited, an engineering research and development firm of which Weaver was the founder and chief executive officer. He created Bethesda "to see if the PC market was a viable place to develop games". Weaver initially intended to name the company "Softworks" but found that the name was taken. Consequently, he prepended this name with that of Bethesda.
Enderal
Enderal: The Shards of Order is a total conversion mod of Bethesda Softworks' "" developed by SureAI as a sequel to "". It was released in July 2016, initially in German only. An English version was released August 16, 2016. An expansion, "Forgotten Stories", was released on February 14, 2019.
Enderal
"Enderal" was in development for five years by a team of fourteen. It requires the base Skyrim game but not its downloadable content. The mod is fully voiced in both German and English languages.

Question: Enderal: The Shards of Order is a total conversion mod of Bethesda Softworks, an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland, and was founded by who?
Answer: Christopher Weaver
Hot Coffee, Mississippi
Hot Coffee is a locale in Covington County, Mississippi, celebrated in local Mississippi lore. It is sometimes assigned the same zipcode as nearby Collins.
Collins, Mississippi
Collins is a city in Covington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 2,586 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Covington County.

Question: Hot Coffee, Mississippi sometimes shares a zipcode with a nearby city with what population at the 2010 census?
Answer: 2,586
Bird migration
Long-distance migrants are believed to disperse as young birds and form attachments to potential breeding sites and to favourite wintering sites. Once the site attachment is made they show high site-fidelity, visiting the same wintering sites year after year.

Question: Where do migrating birds visit?
Answer: the same wintering sites year after year
Daylight saving time
Older or stripped-down systems may support only the TZ values required by POSIX, which specify at most one start and end rule explicitly in the value. For example, codice_2 specifies time for the eastern United States starting in 2007. Such a TZ value must be changed whenever DST rules change, and the new value applies to all years, mishandling some older timestamps.

Question: What years will a new TZ value apply to?
Answer: all years
Antarctica
About 298 million years ago Permian forests started to cover the continent, and tundra vegetation survived as late as 15 million years ago, but the climate of present-day Antarctica does not allow extensive vegetation to form. A combination of freezing temperatures, poor soil quality, lack of moisture, and lack of sunlight inhibit plant growth. As a result, the diversity of plant life is very low and limited in distribution. The flora of the continent largely consists of bryophytes. There are about 100 species of mosses and 25 species of liverworts, but only three species of flowering plants, all of which are found in the Antarctic Peninsula: "Deschampsia antarctica" (Antarctic hair grass), "Colobanthus quitensis" (Antarctic pearlwort) and the non-native "Poa annua" (annual bluegrass). Growth is restricted to a few weeks in the summer.

Question: How many species of Mosses are there in Antarctica?
Answer: 100
Amy Schumer
Amy Beth Schumer (born June 1, 1981) is an American stand-up comedian and actress. She ventured into comedy in the early 2000s before appearing as a contestant on the fifth season of the NBC reality competition series "Last Comic Standing" in 2007. Since 2013, she has been the creator, co-producer, co-writer, and star of the Comedy Central sketch comedy series "Inside Amy Schumer", for which she received a Peabody Award and for which Schumer has been nominated for five Primetime Emmy Awards, winning Outstanding Variety Sketch Series in 2015.
Amy Schumer
Schumer wrote and made her film debut in a starring role in "Trainwreck" (2015), for which she received nominations for the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical. She published a memoir in 2016, "The Girl with the Lower Back Tattoo", which held the top position on "The New York Times" Non-Fiction Best Seller list for two weeks. The same year, she was nominated for two Grammy Awards: for Best Comedy Album for "," and Best Spoken Word Album for "The Girl with the Lower Back Tattoo". In 2018, she starred in the comedy film "I Feel Pretty" and garnered a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play nomination for her Broadway debut in "Meteor Shower".
Snatched (2017 film)
Snatched is a 2017 American comedy film directed by Jonathan Levine and written by Katie Dippold. The film stars Amy Schumer and Goldie Hawn (in her first film since 2002's "The Banger Sisters"), with Joan Cusack, Ike Barinholtz, Wanda Sykes and Christopher Meloni in supporting roles, and depicts a mother and daughter who are abducted while on vacation in South America.

Question: This American stand-up comedian starred in a movie depicting a mother and daughter who are abducted while on vacation in what country?
Answer: South America
Frank Welker
Franklin Wendell Welker (born March 12, 1946) is an American actor, voice actor and former stand-up comedian with a career spanning nearly six decades. He is best known for voicing Fred Jones in the "Scooby-Doo" franchise since its inception in 1969, and Scooby-Doo himself since 2002. In 2020, Welker reprised the latter role in the CGI-animated film "Scoob!", the only original actor in the cast. He has also voiced Megatron and Soundwave in the "Transformers" franchise, Curious George in the "Curious George" franchise, Garfield on "The Garfield Show", and Nibbler on "Futurama", as well as numerous animal vocal effects in many works. In 2016, he was honored with an Emmy Award for his lifetime achievement.
Frank Welker
Welker was born in Denver, Colorado on March 12, 1946. He moved to California and attended Santa Monica College in Santa Monica, California, where he majored in theatrical arts. In 1966, he received honors for his performance as the Cowardly Lion in the college's theater production of "The Wizard of Oz". During his transition between college and his voice-acting career, his first voice-over role was in a commercial for Friskies dog food. The producer's girlfriend recommended he audition for Hanna-Barbera during the casting of "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!". Welker initially auditioned for the titular character (and, according to Casey Kasem, the role of Shaggy Rogers, as well) but instead won the role of Fred Jones.
Pound Puppies (film)
The Pound Puppies is an animated television special, produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions, based on the popular toy line from Tonka, which aired in syndication on October 26, 1985, paired with "Star Fairies". The story is a spoof of the 1963 film "The Great Escape".
Pound Puppies (film)
Characters in the special included the Fonzie-styled leader Cooler (voiced by Dan Gilvezan), the cheerleader Bright Eyes (voiced by Adrienne Alexander), and a dog with a very nasal like New York accent known only as "The Nose" (voiced by Joanne Worley), and the goofy inventor aptly named Howler (voiced by Frank Welker), who can only howl.

Question: What character in the television special "The Pound Puppies" did the voice actor of Fred Jones from "Scooby-Doo" voice as?
Answer: Howler
Anti-aircraft warfare
The first issue was ammunition. Before the war it was recognised that ammunition needed to explode in the air. Both high explosive (HE) and shrapnel were used, mostly the former. Airburst fuses were either igniferious (based on a burning fuse) or mechanical (clockwork). Igniferious fuses were not well suited for anti-aircraft use. The fuse length was determined by time of flight, but the burning rate of the gunpowder was affected by altitude. The British pom-poms had only contact-fused ammunition. Zeppelins, being hydrogen-filled balloons, were targets for incendiary shells and the British introduced these with airburst fuses, both shrapnel type-forward projection of incendiary 'pot' and base ejection of an incendiary stream. The British also fitted tracers to their shells for use at night. Smoke shells were also available for some AA guns, these bursts were used as targets during training.

Question: It was understood that ammunition needed to explode where?
Answer: in the air
Aluminium oxide
Aluminium oxide (IUPAC name) or aluminum oxide (American English) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al O . It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium(III) oxide. It is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, or alundum depending on particular forms or applications. It occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-AlO as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire. AlO is significant in its use to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.
SUAL Group
Siberian-Urals Aluminium Company ( ), commonly known as SUAL ( ), is a fully vertically integrated aluminium company that ranks amongst the world's top ten aluminium producers. It comprises 19 businesses that are located in nine Russian regions and are involved in the production of bauxite, alumina, primary aluminium, silicon, semi-finished and finished aluminium products. The Group's revenue for the year ended December 31, 2003 was USD 1.7 billion. It has some 62,000 employees.

Question: Siberian-Urals Aluminium Company comprises 19 businesses involved in the production of a chemical compound that naturally in what crystalline polymorphic phase?
Answer: α-AlO
Professional wrestling
In the 1980s, mixed tag team matches began to take place, with a male and female on each team and a rule stating that each wrestler could only attack the opponent of the same gender. If a tag was made, the other team had to automatically switch their legal wrestler as well. Despite these restrictions, many mixed tag matches do feature some physical interaction between participants of different genders. For example, a heel may take a cheap shot at the female wrestler of the opposing team to draw a negative crowd reaction. In lucha libre, cheap-shots and male-female attacks are not uncommon.

Question: When did mixed tag teams start? 
Answer: 1980s
The Sun (United Kingdom)
Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence on Fleet Street, he made an agreement with the print unions, promising fewer redundancies if he acquired the newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish a "straightforward, honest newspaper" which would continue to support Labour. IPC, under pressure from the unions, rejected Maxwell's offer, and Murdoch bought the paper for £800,000, to be paid in instalments. He would later remark: "I am constantly amazed at the ease with which I entered British newspapers".

Question: What did the prospective owner of the paper promise?
Answer: fewer redundancies
A595 road
The A595 is a primary route in Cumbria, in Northern England that starts in Carlisle, passes through Whitehaven and goes close to Workington, Cockermouth and Wigton. It passes Sellafield and Ravenglass before ending at the Dalton-in-Furness by-pass, in southern Cumbria, where it joins the A590 trunk road. The road is mostly single carriageway, apart from in central Carlisle, where it passes the castle as a busy dual carriageway road named Castle Way, and prior to that as Bridge Street and Church Street, where it passes close to the McVitie's or Carr's biscuit factory. The Lillyhall bypass is also dual carriageway.
Carlisle Castle
Carlisle Castle is situated in Carlisle, in the English county of Cumbria, near the ruins of Hadrian's Wall. The castle is over 900 years old and has been the scene of many historical episodes in British history. Given the proximity of Carlisle to the border between England and Scotland, it has been the centre of many wars and invasions. During the Jacobite Rising of 1745-6, Carlisle became the last English fortress to undergo a siege. The castle was listed as a Scheduled Ancient Monument on 7 August 1996.
Carlisle Castle
Today the property is managed by English Heritage and is open to the public. Until recently the castle was the administrative headquarters of the former King's Own Royal Border Regiment. It is now the county headquarters to the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment and a museum to the regiment is within the castle walls.

Question: the A595 road was a single carriageway which went through what English county?
Answer: Cumbria