qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Glacier
The top 50 m of a glacier are rigid because they are under low pressure. This upper section is known as the "fracture zone" and moves mostly as a single unit over the plastic-flowing lower section. When a glacier moves through irregular terrain, cracks called crevasses develop in the fracture zone. Crevasses form because of differences in glacier velocity. If two rigid sections of a glacier move at different speeds or directions, shear forces cause them to break apart, opening a crevasse. Crevasses are seldom more than 150 ft deep but in some cases can be at least 1000 ft deep. Beneath this point, the plasticity of the ice prevents the formation of cracks. Intersecting crevasses can create isolated peaks in the ice, called seracs.

Question: Which zone is the top of the glaciers?
Answer: fracture zone
Asthma
Other supportive evidence includes: a ≥20% difference in peak expiratory flow rate on at least three days in a week for at least two weeks, a ≥20% improvement of peak flow following treatment with either salbutamol, inhaled corticosteroids or prednisone, or a ≥20% decrease in peak flow following exposure to a trigger. Testing peak expiratory flow is more variable than spirometry, however, and thus not recommended for routine diagnosis. It may be useful for daily self-monitoring in those with moderate to severe disease and for checking the effectiveness of new medications. It may also be helpful in guiding treatment in those with acute exacerbations.

Question: What is more variable than spirometry but not recommended?
Answer: . Testing peak expiratory flow
Mosaic
In the 7th–9th centuries Rome fell under the influence of Byzantine art, noticeable on the mosaics of Santa Prassede, Santa Maria in Domnica, Sant'Agnese fuori le Mura, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, Santi Nereo e Achilleo and the San Venanzio chapel of San Giovanni in Laterano. The great dining hall of Pope Leo III in the Lateran Palace was also decorated with mosaics. They were all destroyed later except for one example, the so-called Triclinio Leoniano of which a copy was made in the 18th century. Another great work of Pope Leo, the apse mosaic of Santa Susanna, depicted Christ with the Pope and Charlemagne on one side, and SS. Susanna and Felicity on the other. It was plastered over during a renovation in 1585. Pope Paschal I (817–824) embellished the church of Santo Stefano del Cacco with an apsidal mosaic which depicted the pope with a model of the church (destroyed in 1607).

Question: What do most mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries have in common?
Answer: They were all destroyed later
Laura Forgia
Laura Forgia, (born Laura Lena Forgia, 9 October 1982, in Angera), sometimes known as Lena Harva, is an Italian showgirl, model, actress and television presenter. She was born to an Italian father and Swedish mother.
Soubrette
A soubrette is a type of operatic soprano voice fach, often cast as a female stock character in opera and theatre. The term arrived in English from Provençal via French, and means "conceited" or "coy". A soubrette is also defined as a young woman regarded as flirtatious or frivolous.

Question: Laura Forgia, sometimes known as Lena Harva, was born in which year, is an Italian Soubrette, model, actress and television presenter with Swedish origin, a soubrette is a type of operatic soprano voice often cast as a female stock character in opera and theatre?
Answer: 1982
Arson Anthem
Arson Anthem is an American hardcore punk band, formed in New Orleans in 2006. The lineup comprises singer Mike Williams of Eyehategod, guitarist Phil Anselmo (best known as the vocalist for Pantera, Down and Superjoint Ritual), country musician, punk rocker and Assjack frontman Hank Williams III on drums, and bassist Collin Yeo.
Down (band)
Down is an American heavy metal supergroup that formed in 1991 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The band's current lineup consists of vocalist Phil Anselmo (Pantera and Superjoint Ritual), guitarist Pepper Keenan (Corrosion of Conformity), guitarist Kirk Windstein (Crowbar), bassist Pat Bruders (Goatwhore), and drummer Jimmy Bower (Crowbar, Eyehategod, and Superjoint Ritual). Since their formation, Down has gone on hiatus twice and they have released five studio albums. The first three were LPs entitled "NOLA" (1995), "" (2002), and "Over the Under" (2007). In 2008, the band began working on additional material, which resulted in two EPs entitled "Down IV – Part I", released in September 2012 and "Down IV – Part II", released in May 2014.

Question: Which American heavy metal supergroup formed in 1991 was formed in the same city as the band Arson Anthem in 2006?
Answer: Down
Baba O'Riley
"Baba O'Riley", sometimes erroneously referred to as its chorus refrain "Teenage Wasteland", is a song by the English rock band the Who and the opening track to their studio album "Who's Next". It was issued in Europe as a single on 23 October 1971, coupled with "My Wife".
Baba O'Riley
Roger Daltrey sings most of the song, with Pete Townshend singing the middle eight: "Don't cry/don't raise your eye/it's only teenage wasteland".
Live: Sadler's Wells
Pete Townshend Live: Sadler's Wells 2000 is a live album released by Pete Townshend in 2000. Townshend presented the music from "Lifehouse" at two concerts at Sadler's Wells in London on February 25 and 26, 2000, supported by a number of musicians and vocalists and The London Chamber Orchestra. Musicians included Pete Townshend, Chucho Merchán, Phil Palmer, John "Rabbit" Bundrick, Peter Hope-Evans and Jody Linscott. Vocalists included Chyna, Cleveland Watkiss and Billy Nicholls. Violinist and orchestra leader Gaby Lester performed the violin solo on "Baba O'Riley". The live recording was issued on a CD album titled "Pete Townshend Live: Sadler's Wells 2000" and a video/DVD titled "Pete Townshend – Music from Lifehouse" in 2002.

Question: Which song was performed by English rock band The Who and Violinist and orchestra leader Gaby Lester?
Answer: Baba O'Riley
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov (Russian: , ; 18 March 1844 – 21 June 1908) was a Russian composer, and a member of the group of composers known as The Five. He was a master of orchestration. His best-known orchestral compositions—"Capriccio Espagnol", the "Russian Easter Festival Overture", and the symphonic suite "Scheherazade"—are staples of the classical music repertoire, along with suites and excerpts from some of his 15 operas. "Scheherazade" is an example of his frequent use of fairy-tale and folk subjects.
Aleksey Koltsov
Aleksey Vasilievich Koltsov ( ) (October 15, 1809 – October 29, 1842) was a Russian poet who has been called a Russian Burns. His poems, frequently placed in the mouth of women, stylize peasant-life songs and idealize agricultural labour. Koltsov earnestly collected Russian folklore which strongly influenced his poetry. He celebrated simple peasants, their work and their lives. Many of his poems were put to music by such composers as Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, and Rimsky-Korsakov.

Question: Which composer who was a member of the group of composers known as The Five, put to music poems by Aleksey Vasilievich Koltsov?
Answer: Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov
Francis Bacon (artist)
Bacon said that he saw images "in series", and his work, which numbers c. 590 extant paintings along with many others he destroyed, typically focused on a single subject for sustained periods, often in triptych or diptych formats. His output can be broadly described as sequences or variations on single motifs; including the 1930s Picasso-influenced bio-morphs and Furies, the 1940s male heads isolated in rooms or geometric structures, the 1950s "screaming popes," the mid-to-late 1950s animals and lone figures, the early 1960s crucifixions, the mid-to-late 1960s portraits of friends, the 1970s self-portraits, and the cooler, more technical 1980s paintings.
Francis Bacon (artist)
Bacon did not begin to paint until his late twenties, having drifted in the late 1920s and early 1930s as an interior decorator, "bon vivant" and gambler. He said that his artistic career was delayed because he spent too long looking for subject matter that could sustain his interest. His breakthrough came with the 1944 triptych "Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion", which sealed his reputation as a uniquely bleak chronicler of the human condition. From the mid-1960s he mainly produced portraits of friends and drinking companions, either as single, diptych or triptych panels. Following the suicide of his lover George Dyer in 1971 (memorialized in his Black Triptychs, and a number of posthumous portraits) his art became more sombre, inward-looking and preoccupied with the passage of time and death. The climax of his later period is marked the masterpieces "Study for Self-Portrait" (1982) and "Study for a Self-Portrait—Triptych, 1985–86".
Michael Behrens (banker)
Edward Michael Behrens (15 September 1911 - January 1989) was a British financier, banker, stockbroker, and restaurant and gallery owner, who became co-owner of the Ionian Bank. Through his ownership of the Hanover Gallery, he was an early patron of the artist Francis Bacon.

Question: Edward Michael Behrens was an early patron of an artist whose lover comitted suicide in what year?
Answer: 1971
Cats (musical)
Cats is a sung-through musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based on the 1939 poetry collection "Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats" by T. S. Eliot. It tells the story of a tribe of cats called the Jellicles and the night they make the "Jellicle choice," deciding which cat will ascend to the Heaviside Layer and come back to a new life. The musical includes the well-known song "Memory" as sung by Grizabella. As of 2019, "Cats" remains the fourth-longest-running Broadway show and the sixth-longest-running West End show.
Cats (musical)
Lloyd Webber began setting Eliot's poems to music in 1977 and the compositions were first presented as a song cycle in 1980. Producer Cameron Mackintosh then recruited director Trevor Nunn and choreographer Gillian Lynne to turn the songs into a complete musical. "Cats" opened to positive reviews at the New London Theatre in the West End in 1981 and then to mixed reviews at the Winter Garden Theatre on Broadway in 1982. It won numerous awards including Best Musical at both the Laurence Olivier and Tony Awards. Despite its unusual premise that deterred investors initially, the musical turned out to be an unprecedented commercial success, with a worldwide gross of US$3.5 billion by 2012.
Mr. Mistoffelees
Mr. Mistoffelees is a character in T. S. Eliot's 1939 poetry book "Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats" and its 1981 musical adaptation, Andrew Lloyd Webber's "Cats". Mistoffelees is a young black-and-white tuxedo cat with magical powers that he cannot yet fully control. He is a featured dancer and his signature move is the "Conjuring Turn", consisting of 24 consecutive fouettés en tournant. His chorus identity is sometimes named Quaxo.

Question: In which year was the first performance of the musical which features a character named Mr. Mistoffelees?
Answer: 1981
Mary Surratt
Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt (1820 or May 1823 – July 7, 1865) was an American boarding house owner in Washington D.C. in 1865 who was convicted of taking part in the conspiracy to assassinate U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. Sentenced to death, she was hanged and became the first woman executed by the US federal government. She maintained her innocence until her death, and the case against her was and is controversial. Surratt was the mother of John Surratt, who was later tried but was not convicted of involvement in the assassination.
The Conspirator
The Conspirator is a 2010 American mystery historical drama film directed by Robert Redford based on an original screenplay by James D. Solomon. It is the debut film of the American Film Company. The film tells the story of Mary Surratt, the only female conspirator charged in the Abraham Lincoln assassination and the first woman to be executed by the United States federal government. It stars James McAvoy, Robin Wright, Justin Long, Evan Rachel Wood, Jonathan Groff, Tom Wilkinson, Alexis Bledel, Kevin Kline, John Cullum, Toby Kebbell, and James Badge Dale.

Question: The 2010 film "The Conspirator" tells the story of a woman that died in what year?
Answer: 1865
Old English
The influence of Old Norse certainly helped move English from a synthetic language along the continuum to a more analytic word order, and Old Norse most likely made a greater impact on the English language than any other language. The eagerness of Vikings in the Danelaw to communicate with their Anglo-Saxon neighbours produced a friction that led to the erosion of the complicated inflectional word-endings. Simeon Potter notes: "No less far-reaching was the influence of Scandinavian upon the inflexional endings of English in hastening that wearing away and leveling of grammatical forms which gradually spread from north to south. It was, after all, a salutary influence. The gain was greater than the loss. There was a gain in directness, in clarity, and in strength."

Question: What parts of English grammar declined as a result of Old Norse influence?
Answer: word-endings
Edmund Burke
Burke's "Reflections" sparked a pamphlet war. Mary Wollstonecraft was one of the first into print, publishing "A Vindication of the Rights of Men" a few weeks after Burke. Thomas Paine followed with the "Rights of Man" in 1791. James Mackintosh, who wrote "Vindiciae Gallicae", was the first to see the "Reflections" as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".

Question: Who wrote 'A Vindication of the Rights of Men'?
Answer: Mary Wollstonecraft
New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven has a variety of museums, many of them associated with Yale. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library features an original copy of the Gutenberg Bible. There is also the Connecticut Children's Museum; the Knights of Columbus museum near that organization's world headquarters; the Peabody Museum of Natural History; the Yale University Collection of Musical Instruments; the Eli Whitney Museum (across the town line in Hamden, Connecticut, on Whitney Avenue); the Yale Center for British Art, which houses the largest collection of British art outside the U.K., and the Yale University Art Gallery, the western hemisphere's oldest college art museum. New Haven is also home to the New Haven Museum and Historical Society on Whitney Avenue, which has a library of many primary source treasures dating from Colonial times to the present.

Question: What New Haven museum offers the largest collection of British art available outside of the UK?
Answer: Yale Center for British Art
Ice Princess
Ice Princess is a 2005 American figure-skating film directed by Tim Fywell, written by Hadley Davis from a story by Meg Cabot and Davis, and starring Michelle Trachtenberg, Joan Cusack, Kim Cattrall and Hayden Panettiere. The film focuses on Casey Carlyle, a normal teenager who gives up a promising future academic life in order to pursue her new-found dream of being a professional figure skater. The film was released on March 18, 2005. "Ice Princess" had an unsuccessful performance at the box office, grossing $24 million in the United States during its theatrical run against a production budget of $25 million.
Ice Princess
Casey Carlyle (Michelle Trachtenberg), a very smart and talented science student, plans to pursue a scholarship to Harvard University. For the scholarship, Casey must present a personal summer project about physics. While watching a figure skating competition with her mathematically inclined friend Ann, Casey realizes that her favorite childhood hobby, ice skating, would make a perfect project. She decides to try to improve her own skating by applying physics and what she has discovered from watching other skaters.
Home on the Range (2004 film)
Home on the Range is a 2004 American animated Western musical comedy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The 45th Disney animated feature film, it was the last 2D animated Disney film released until "The Princess and the Frog" in 2009. Named after the popular country song of the same name, "Home on the Range" features the voices of Roseanne Barr, Judi Dench, Jennifer Tilly, Cuba Gooding Jr., Randy Quaid, and Steve Buscemi. The film is set in the Old West, and centers on a mismatched trio of dairy cows—brash, adventurous Maggie; prim, proper Mrs. Caloway; and ditzy, happy-go-lucky Grace. The three cows must capture an infamous cattle rustler named Alameda Slim for his bounty in order to save their idyllic farm from foreclosure. Aiding them in their quest is Lucky Jack, a feisty, peg-legged rabbit, and a selfish horse named Buck, eagerly working in the service of Rico, a famous bounty hunter, who seeks the glory for himself.

Question: Are both Home on the Range and Ice Princess American films?
Answer: yes
Orient Overseas (International) Limited
Orient Overseas (International) Limited (OOIL) () is an investment holding company which involves in international transportation and logistics, and property investment and property development. It is the parent company of Orient Overseas Container Line (OOCL), one of the world's Largest container shipping companies.
Orient Overseas (International) Limited
OOIL was founded in 1969 in Hong Kong by Mr. Tung Chao Yung. After Tung Chao Yung's death in 1982, Mr. Tung Chee-hwa, his elder son, succeeded to be the chairman of OOIL. In 1996, Mr. Tung Chee-chen, Tung Chao Yung's younger son and Tung Chee Wah's younger brother, took over the chairman position since Tung Chee Wah's election as Chief Executive of Hong Kong.
OOCL
Orient Overseas Container Line, commonly known as OOCL, is a Hong Kong container shipping and logistics service company.

Question: What is the name of the parent company of the Hong Kong based container shipping and logistics company?
Answer: Orient Overseas (International) Limited
University of Notre Dame
Hesburgh also made Notre Dame coeducational. Women had graduated every year since 1917, but it was mostly religious sisters in graduate programs. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained Charles E. Sheedy, Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place. ... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, with two more converted the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor, a transfer from St. Mary's, became the first female undergraduate. The following year Mary Davey Bliley became the first woman to graduate from the university, with a bachelor's degree in marketing. In 1978, a historic district comprising 21 contributing buildings was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Question: Which role did Charles Sheedy have at Notre Dame?
Answer: Dean of Arts and Letters
Airport
There are a number of aids, both visual and electronic, though not at all airports. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually become the primary means for instrument landings.

Question: What does VASI stand for?
Answer: visual approach slope indicator
New York City
In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel Richard Nicolls, without bloodshed. The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom. The English promptly renamed the fledgling city "New York" after the Duke of York (the future King James II of England), who was a leader of the Royal Africa Company, which shipped more African slaves to the Americas than any other institution in the history of the Atlantic slave trade. The transfer was confirmed in 1667 by the Treaty of Breda, which concluded the Second Anglo-Dutch War.

Question: In what year did the English take over New Amsterdam?
Answer: 1664
Macintosh
Apple released their first portable computer, the Macintosh Portable in 1989. Although due to considerable design issues, it was soon replaced in 1991 with the first of the PowerBook line: the PowerBook 100, a miniaturized portable; the 16 MHz 68030 PowerBook 140; and the 25 MHz 68030 PowerBook 170. They were the first portable computers with the keyboard behind a palm rest and a built-in pointing device (a trackball) in front of the keyboard. The 1993 PowerBook 165c was Apple's first portable computer to feature a color screen, displaying 256 colors with 640 × 400 -pixel resolution. The second generation of PowerBooks, the 68040-equipped 500 series, introduced trackpads, integrated stereo speakers, and built-in Ethernet to the laptop form factor in 1994.

Question: What was the 1993 PowerBook 165c Apple's first portable computer to feature?
Answer: a color screen
Transistor
In a grounded-emitter transistor circuit, such as the light-switch circuit shown, as the base voltage rises, the emitter and collector currents rise exponentially. The collector voltage drops because of reduced resistance from collector to emitter. If the voltage difference between the collector and emitter were zero (or near zero), the collector current would be limited only by the load resistance (light bulb) and the supply voltage. This is called "saturation" because current is flowing from collector to emitter freely. When saturated, the switch is said to be "on".

Question: Why is the term saturation named as such?
Answer: current is flowing from collector to emitter freely
Melbourne Rectangular Stadium
The Melbourne Rectangular Stadium, known as AAMI Park for sponsorship reasons, is an outdoor sports stadium on the site of Edwin Flack Field in the Sports and Entertainment Precinct in the Melbourne City Centre. The stadium's major tenants are NRL team Melbourne Storm, the Super Rugby team Melbourne Rebels, and the A-League teams Melbourne Victory FC and Melbourne City FC.
2010 Anzac Test
The 2010 ANZAC Test was a rugby league test match played between Australia and New Zealand on 7 May 2010. The match coincided with the official opening of AAMI Park in Melbourne. The match was won by Australia with a score of 12–8.

Question: The 2010 ANZAC test coincided with the official opening of AAMI Park in Melbourne, what is the formal name of AAMI Park?
Answer: Melbourne Rectangular Stadium
New!
New! is a British weekly magazine, specialising in celebrity news and is published by Reach plc, which also oversees "OK!" magazine, the "Daily Mirror", "Daily Express" and "Daily Star".
Claudia (magazine)
Claudia is a Polish language monthly women's magazine published in Warsaw, Poland.

Question: Which is published more frequently, New! or Claudia?
Answer: New!
Diane Warren
Diane Eve Warren (born September 7, 1956) is an American songwriter, musician and record producer. She rose to prominence in 1983, and has since written songs for and co-written songs with multiple singers, as well as for several films.
Pure Attraction
Pure Attraction is the fourth full-length album by singer-songwriter Kathy Troccoli. It saw her moving slowly away from Christian music and into pop territory, with two songs written by Diane Warren. It featured the top five CCM and top twenty pop hit "Everything Changes", and featured seven songs co-written by Troccoli.

Question: Which American songwriter who has written songs for and with multiple music artists, as well as for several films, and contributed to Kathy Troccoli's album Pure Attraction?
Answer: Diane Warren
Human Development Index
The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies". To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well-being.

Question: Mahbub ul Haq was hoping to shift the focus of development economics to what type of policies?
Answer: people-centered policies
Southampton
As with the rest of the UK, Southampton experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen: "Cfb"). Its southerly, low-lying and sheltered location ensures it is among the warmer, sunnier cities in the UK. It has held the record for the highest temperature in the UK for June at 35.6 C since 1976.

Question: What was the record high temperature for June in degrees Celsius?
Answer: 35.6
Fulrad
Saint Fulrad ( ; ) was born in 710 into a wealthy family, and died on July 16, 784 as the Abbot of St. Denis. He was the counselor of both Pippin and Charlemagne. Historians see Fulrad as important due to his significance in the rise of the Frankish Kingdom, and the insight he gives into early Carolingian society. He was noted to have been always on the side on Charlemagne, especially during the attack from the Saxons on Regnum Francorum (Latin for Frankia), and the Royal Mandatum (a royal official of the Carolingian administrative hierarchy). Other historians have taken a closer look at Fulrad's interactions with the papacy. When Fulrad was the counselor of Pepin he was closely in contact with the papacy to gain approval for Pepin's appoint as King of the Franks. During his time under Charlemagne, he had dealings with the papacy again for different reasons. When he became Abbot of St. Denis (N.E of Paris), Fulrad's life became important in the lives of distinct historical figures in various ways during his period as St. Denis's abbot during the mid-eighth century. Saint Fulrad's Feast Day is on July 16.
Basilica of Saint-Denis
The Basilica of Saint-Denis ( , or simply "Basilique Saint-Denis") is a large medieval abbey church in the city of Saint-Denis, now a northern suburb of Paris. The building is of singular importance historically and architecturally as its choir, completed in 1144, shows the first use of all of the elements of Gothic architecture.

Question: In which city is this abbey church located where Saint Fulrad was the abbot?
Answer: Saint-Denis
7 Year Bitch
7 Year Bitch was an American punk rock band from Seattle, Washington. The band was active between 1990 and 1997 and released three albums over that time.
7 Year Bitch
7 Year Bitch was formed in 1990 by vocalist Selene Vigil, guitarist Stefanie Sargent, bassist Elizabeth Davis and drummer Valerie Agnew. Vigil, Sargent, and Agnew had been playing together in the Seattle band Barbie's Dream Car when their bassist left for Europe. They subsequently recruited Davis and renamed their band after the movie "The Seven Year Itch", based on a suggestion by their friend, Ben London, of fellow Seattle band, Alcohol Funnycar.
The Coral Sea (band)
The Coral Sea is a California-based indie rock band. Their music is atmospheric and ambient. Their songs have been used on American TV shows "Grey's Anatomy", "Sleeper Cell" and "Californication". Their song "Yesterday / Tomorrow" was used at the end of the series pilot for "Standoff".

Question: Were both The Coral Sea and 7 Year Bitch bands based on Washington?
Answer: no
Teardrops on My Guitar
"Teardrops on My Guitar" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was written by Swift and Liz Rose, and produced by Nathan Chapman. "Teardrops on My Guitar" was released on February 19, 2007 by Big Machine Records, as the second single from her self-titled debut album (2006). The song was later included on the international release of Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), and released as the second pop single from the album in the United Kingdom in 2009. It was inspired by Swift's experience with Drew Hardwick, a classmate of hers for whom she had feelings. He was completely unaware and continually spoke about his girlfriend to Swift, something she pretended to be endeared by. Years afterwards, Hardwick appeared at Swift's house, but Swift rejected him. Musically, the track is soft and is primarily guided by a gentle acoustic guitar. Critics have queried the song's classification as country music, with those in agreement (such as Grady Smith of "Rolling Stone") citing the themes and narrative style as country-influenced and those opposed (such as Roger Holland of "PopMatters") indicating the pop music production and instrumentation lack traditional country elements.
Liz Rose
Elisabeth Wagner (born September 6, 1957), known professionally as Liz Rose, is an American country music songwriter, best known for her work with American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. She has co-written twenty of Swift's officially released songs, including "You Belong with Me", which was nominated for the Grammy Award for Song of the Year, "Teardrops on My Guitar" and "White Horse", which won both Swift and her a Grammy Award for Best Country Song in 2010. She works regularly alongside songwriters Lori McKenna and Hillary Lindsay, collectively calling themselves The Love Junkies and notably writing songs for Little Big Town and Carrie Underwood, among others.

Question: Liz Rose co-wrote the Taylor Swift song released on which date in 2007?
Answer: February 19
Age of Enlightenment
The first English coffeehouse opened in Oxford in 1650. Brian Cowan said that Oxford coffeehouses developed into "penny universities", offering a locus of learning that was less formal than structured institutions. These penny universities occupied a significant position in Oxford academic life, as they were frequented by those consequently referred to as the "virtuosi", who conducted their research on some of the resulting premises. According to Cowan, "the coffeehouse was a place for like-minded scholars to congregate, to read, as well as learn from and to debate with each other, but was emphatically not a university institution, and the discourse there was of a far different order than any university tutorial".

Question: What term did Brian Cowan give Oxford coffeehouses?
Answer: penny universities
Lacina Traoré
Lacina Emeghara Traoré (born 20 May 1990) is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a forward for CFR Cluj. He is nicknamed “The Big Tree”, due to his 2.03 m (6 ft 8 in) frame, which puts him among the tallest professional footballers.
AS Monaco FC
Association Sportive de Monaco Football Club SA, commonly referred to as AS Monaco (] ) or Monaco, is a Monégasque professional football club that competes in Ligue 1, the top tier of French football. Founded in 1924, the team plays its home matches at the Stade Louis II in Fontvieille.
AS Monaco FC
Though based in Monaco, the club plays in the French football league system. Monaco is one of the most successful clubs in French football, having won eight league titles and five Coupe de France trophies. The club has also competed in European football, and were runners-up in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1992 and the UEFA Champions League in 2004.

Question: What year was the football team, in which Lacina Traoré is on loan from, founded?
Answer: 1924
Insect
Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), scarabaeiform (grub-like), campodeiform (elongated, flattened and active), elateriform (wireworm-like) or vermiform (maggot-like). The larva grows and eventually becomes a pupa, a stage marked by reduced movement and often sealed within a cocoon. There are three types of pupae: obtect, exarate or coarctate. Obtect pupae are compact, with the legs and other appendages enclosed. Exarate pupae have their legs and other appendages free and extended. Coarctate pupae develop inside the larval skin. Insects undergo considerable change in form during the pupal stage, and emerge as adults. Butterflies are a well-known example of insects that undergo complete metamorphosis, although most insects use this life cycle. Some insects have evolved this system to hypermetamorphosis.

Question: How many stages happen in complete metamorphosis?
Answer: four stages
Palatka, Florida
Palatka ( ) is a city in Putnam County, Florida, United States. The population was 10,558 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Putnam County. Palatka is the principal city of the Palatka Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is home to 72,893 residents. The city is also home to St. Johns River State College, St. Johns River Water Management District Headquarters, and Ravine Gardens State Park. The area is well known for its local festivals, most notably the Florida Azalea Festival and the Blue Crab Festival.
Mug Race
The Mug Race is an annual sailing race held on St. Johns River in the US state of Florida. Billed as the "World's Longest River Race", the course starts in Palatka and ends in Jacksonville. To compete, masts must be under 44 feet in order to clear all bridges along the course. The Mug Cup is awarded to the first boat to complete the 38.5 mile course from the starting line at Memorial Bridge to the finish line at Buckman Bridge. Additionally, there are over 100 class specific trophies

Question: What city in Putnam County holds the start of The Mug Race?
Answer: Palatka
Biodiversity
Brazil's Atlantic Forest is considered one such hotspot, containing roughly 20,000 plant species, 1,350 vertebrates and millions of insects, about half of which occur nowhere else. The island of Madagascar and India are also particularly notable. Colombia is characterized by high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide and it has the largest number of endemics (species that are not found naturally anywhere else) of any country. About 10% of the species of the Earth can be found in Colombia, including over 1,900 species of bird, more than in Europe and North America combined, Colombia has 10% of the world's mammals species, 14% of the amphibian species and 18% of the bird species of the world. Madagascar dry deciduous forests and lowland rainforests possess a high ratio of endemism. Since the island separated from mainland Africa 66 million years ago, many species and ecosystems have evolved independently. Indonesia's 17,000 islands cover 735355 sqmi and contain 10% of the world's flowering plants, 12% of mammals and 17% of reptiles, amphibians and birds—along with nearly 240 million people. Many regions of high biodiversity and/or endemism arise from specialized habitats which require unusual adaptations, for example, alpine environments in high mountains, or Northern European peat bogs.

Question: Which country has about 10% of the species on Earth?
Answer: Colombia
Oregon State University
Oregon State University (OSU) is a public research university in Corvallis, Oregon. The university offers more than 200 undergraduate degree programs along with a variety of graduate and doctoral degrees. With a student enrollment approaching 32,000, it is Oregon's largest university. More than 230,000 students have graduated from OSU since its founding. The Carnegie Foundation designates Oregon State University as a "Community Engagement" university and classifies it as a doctoral university with a status of "Highest research activity".
Oregon State University
OSU is one of 73 land-grant universities in the United States. The school is also a sea-grant, space-grant, and sun-grant institution, making it one of only four U.S. institutions to obtain all four designations. (University of Hawaii at Manoa, Cornell University and Pennsylvania State University are the only others with similar designation.) OSU received $441 million in research funding for the 2017 fiscal year.
1896 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1896 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College (now known as Oregon State University) as an independent during the 1896 college football season. In their first and only year under head coach Tommy Code, the Aggies compiled a 1–2 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 26 to 14. The Aggies defeated Fort Vancouver (18–0), but lost two games against Oregon (0–2, 8–12). A. J. Simpson was the team captain.

Question: The 1896 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College, now known as Oregon State University, as an independent during the 1896 college football season, OSU is a coeducational, public research university in the northwest United States, located in Oregon, in which city?
Answer: Corvallis
Early history of video games
The history of video games spans a period of time between the invention of the first electronic games and today, covering many inventions and developments. Video gaming reached mainstream popularity in the 1970s and 1980s, when arcade video games, gaming consoles and home computer games were introduced to the general public. Since then, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern culture in most parts of the world. The early history of video games, therefore, covers the period of time between the first interactive electronic game with an electronic display in 1947, the first true video games in the early 1950s, and the rise of early arcade video games in the 1970s ("Pong" and the beginning of the first generation of video game consoles with the Magnavox Odyssey, both in 1972). During this time there was a wide range of devices and inventions corresponding with large advances in computing technology, and the actual first video game is dependent on the definition of "video game" used.
Video game console
A video game console is a computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.

Question: In what two decades did an  electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play, become popular?
Answer: 1970s and 1980s
Boston
Federally, Boston is split between two congressional districts. Three-fourths of the city is in the 7th district and is represented by Ayanna Pressley while the remaining southern fourth is in the 8th district and is represented by Stephen Lynch, both of whom are Democrats; a Republican has not represented a significant portion of Boston in over a century. The state's senior member of the United States Senate is Democrat Elizabeth Warren, first elected in 2012. The state's junior member of the United States Senate is Democrat Ed Markey, who was elected in 2013 to succeed John Kerry after Kerry's appointment and confirmation as the United States Secretary of State.

Question: What district is the South fourth of Boston located in?
Answer: the 8th district
Macintosh
The Macintosh project began in 1979 when Jef Raskin, an Apple employee, envisioned an easy-to-use, low-cost computer for the average consumer. He wanted to name the computer after his favorite type of apple, the McIntosh, but the spelling was changed to "Macintosh" for legal reasons as the original was the same spelling as that used by McIntosh Laboratory, Inc., the audio equipment manufacturer. Steve Jobs requested that McIntosh Laboratory give Apple a release for the newly spelled name, thus allowing Apple to use it. The request was denied, forcing Apple to eventually buy the rights to use this name. A 1984 "Byte Magazine" article suggested Apple changed the spelling only after "early users" misspelled "McIntosh". However, Jef Raskin had adopted the "Macintosh" spelling by 1981, when the Macintosh computer was still a single prototype machine in the lab.

Question: Why was the spelling of McIntosh changed to Macintosh?
Answer: for legal reasons
University of California, Riverside
The University of California, Riverside (UCR or UC Riverside) is a public research university in Riverside, California. It is one of the 10 general campuses of the University of California system. The main campus sits on 1900 acre in a suburban district of Riverside with a branch campus of 20 acre in Palm Desert. In 1907, the predecessor to UCR was founded as the UC Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside which pioneered research in biological pest control and the use of growth regulators responsible for extending the citrus growing season in California from four to nine months. Some of the world's most important research collections on citrus diversity and entomology, as well as science fiction and photography, are located at Riverside.
Judith F. Kroll
Judith F. Kroll is a Distinguished Professor of Language Science at University of California, Irvine. She specializes in psycholinguistics, focusing on second language acquisition and bilingual language processing. With Randi Martin and Suparna Rajaram, Kroll co-founded the organization Women in Cognitive Science in 2001. She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the American Psychological Association (APA), the Psychonomic Society, the Society of Experimental Psychologists, and the Association for Psychological Science (APS).

Question: What year was the University that Judith F. Kroll teaches at founded?
Answer: 1907
Professional wrestling
Those involved in producing professional wrestling have developed a kind of global fraternity, with familial bonds, shared language and passed-down traditions. New performers are expected to "pay their dues" for a few years by working in lower-profile promotions and working as ring crew before working their way upward. The permanent rosters of most promotions develop a backstage pecking order, with veterans mediating conflicts and mentoring younger wrestlers. For many decades (and still to a lesser extent today) performers were expected to keep the illusions of wrestling's legitimacy alive even while not performing, essentially acting in character any time they were in public. Some veterans speak of a "sickness" among wrestling performers, an inexplicable pull to remain active in the wrestling world despite the devastating effects the job can have on one's life and health.

Question: What were wrestlers expected to do for decades? 
Answer: keep the illusions of wrestling's legitimacy alive
Battle of Luzon
The Battle of Luzon (Filipino: "Labanan sa Luzon"), was a land battle of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II by the Allied forces of the U.S., its colony the Philippines, and allies against forces of the Empire of Japan. The battle resulted in a U.S. and Filipino victory. The Allies had taken control of all strategically and economically important locations of Luzon by March 1945, although pockets of Japanese resistance held out in the mountains until the unconditional surrender of Japan. While not the highest in U.S. casualties, it is the highest net casualty battle U.S. forces fought in World War II, with 192,000 to 205,000 Japanese combatants dead (mostly from starvation and disease), 8,000 American combatants killed, and over 150,000 Filipinos, overwhelmingly civilians who were murdered by Japanese forces, mainly during the Manila massacre of February, 1945.
Battle of Luzon
The Philippines were considered to be of great strategic importance because their capture by Japan would pose a significant threat to the U.S. As a result, 135,000 troops and 227 aircraft were stationed in the Philippines by October 1941. However, Luzon—the largest island in the Philippines—was captured by Imperial Japanese forces in 1942. General Douglas MacArthur—who was in charge of the defense of the Philippines at the time—was ordered to Australia, and the remaining U.S. forces retreated to the Bataan Peninsula.
Tet Offensive
The Tet Offensive ( ), or officially called The General Offensive and Uprising of Tet Mau Than 1968 ( ) was a major escalation and one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War. It was launched on January 30, 1968 by forces of the Viet Cong (VC) and North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) against the forces of the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the United States Armed Forces and their allies. It was a campaign of surprise attacks against military and civilian command and control centers throughout South Vietnam. The name of the offensive comes from the Tết holiday, the Vietnamese New Year, when the first major attacks took place.

Question: Tet Offensive and Battle of Luzon, both are concerning the same War?
Answer: no
Sundays at Tiffany's
Sundays at Tiffany's is a romance novel by the authors James Patterson and Gabrielle Charbonnet released on April 29, 2008. It has also been adapted into a Lifetime Television original movie that premiered on December 6, 2010.
James Patterson
James Brendan Patterson (born March 22, 1947) is an American author and philanthropist. Among his works are the "Alex Cross", "Michael Bennett", "Women's Murder Club", "Maximum Ride", "Daniel X", "NYPD Red", "Witch and Wizard", and "Private" series, as well as many stand-alone thrillers, non-fiction and romance novels. His books have sold more than 300 million copies and he was the first person to sell 1 million e-books. In 2016, Patterson topped "Forbes"'s list of highest-paid authors for the third consecutive year, with an income of $95 million. His total income over a decade is estimated at $700 million.

Question: Sundays at Tiffany's was co-written by which American author and philanthopist?
Answer: James Brendan Patterson
British Isles
The islands enjoy a mild climate and varied soils, giving rise to a diverse pattern of vegetation. Animal and plant life is similar to that of the northwestern European mainland. There are however, fewer numbers of species, with Ireland having even less. All native flora and fauna in Ireland is made up of species that migrated from elsewhere in Europe, and Great Britain in particular. The only window when this could have occurred was between the end of the last Ice Age (about 12,000 years ago) and when the land bridge connecting the two islands was flooded by sea (about 8,000 years ago).

Question: When did the last Ice Age end in the British Isles?
Answer: about 12,000 years ago