qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Age of Enlightenment
Enlightenment historiography began in the period itself, from what Enlightenment figures said about their work. A dominant element was the intellectual angle they took. D'Alembert's "Preliminary Discourse of l'Encyclopédie" provides a history of the Enlightenment which comprises a chronological list of developments in the realm of knowledge – of which the "Encyclopédie" forms the pinnacle. In 1783, Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn referred to Enlightenment as a process by which man was educated in the use of reason. Immanuel Kant called Enlightenment "man's release from his self-incurred tutelage", tutelage being "man's inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another". "For Kant, Enlightenment was mankind's final coming of age, the emancipation of the human consciousness from an immature state of ignorance". The German scholar Ernst Cassirer called the Enlightenment "a part and a special phase of that whole intellectual development through which modern philosophic thought gained its characteristic self-confidence and self-consciousness". According to historian Roy Porter, the liberation of the human mind from a dogmatic state of ignorance, is the epitome of what the Age of Enlightenment was trying to capture.

Question: For whom was Enlightenment mankind's final coming of age, the emancipation of the human consciousness from an immature state of ignorance?"
Answer: Immanuel Kant
Attack the Block
Attack the Block is a 2011 British science fiction comedy horror film written and directed by Joe Cornish and starring John Boyega, Jodie Whittaker, and Nick Frost. It was the film debut of Cornish, Boyega, and composer Steven Price.
John Boyega
John Adedayo Bamidele Adegboyega (born 17 March 1992), is a British-Nigerian actor and producer. He initially rose to prominence for his role as Moses in the sci-fi comedy film "Attack the Block" (2011) and later became best known for playing Finn in the "Star Wars" sequel trilogy films (2015), (2017), and (2019). His other credits include the drama film "Imperial Dreams" (2014), the historical drama film "Detroit" (2017), the science fiction film "" (2018), and four episodes of the television series "". He received the BAFTA Rising Star Award in 2016.
John Boyega
Boyega was born John Adedayo Bamidele Adegboyega in the Peckham district of London on 17 March 1992, the son of Abigail (née Aboderin), who works with disabled people, and Samson Adegboyega, a Pentecostal minister. He has two older sisters. His parents are both of Nigerian descent. His first acting role was as a leopard in a play while at Oliver Goldsmith Primary School. While acting in another play there at the age of nine, he was noticed by Teresa Early, the artistic director of Theatre Peckham, a learning theatre for young people who live in south London. He spent his time there outside school hours between the ages of nine and 14. Boyega's father wanted Boyega to become a minister like himself, but was nonetheless supportive of his theatrical interests.

Question: Who directed the film in which John Boyega played Moses?
Answer: Joe Cornish
Philadelphia
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the median household income in 2013 was $36,836, down 7.9 percent from 2008 when the inflation-adjusted median household income was $40,008 (in 2013 dollars). For comparison, on an inflation-adjusted basis, the median household income among metropolitan areas was $60,482, down 8.2 percent in the same period, and the national median household income was $55,250, down 7.0 percent from 2008. The city's wealth disparity is evident when neighborhoods are compared. Residents in Society Hill had a 2013 median household income of $93,720, while residents in one of North Philadelphia's districts reported the lowest median household income, $14,185.

Question: What was the median household income in 2013?
Answer: $36,836
T. S. Eliot
Thomas Stearns Eliot {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (26 September 18884 January 1965) was an American-British poet, essayist, publisher, playwright, literary critic and editor. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, to a prominent Boston Brahmin family, he moved to England in 1914 at the age of 25 and went on to settle, work and marry there. He became a British subject in 1927 at the age of 39, subsequently renouncing his American citizenship.
Munkustrap
Munkustrap is a Jellicle cat from T. S. Eliot's 1939 poem "The Naming of Cats". He is a principal character and the main narrator in Andrew Lloyd Webber's 1981 musical "Cats", which is based on Eliot's poems.

Question: Which country did the author of "The Naming of Cats" move to? 
Answer: England
Meru (film)
Meru is a 2015 documentary film chronicling the first ascent of the "Shark's Fin" route on Meru Peak in the Indian Himalayas. It was co-directed by married couple Jimmy Chin and Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi and won the U.S. Audience Documentary Award at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival.
All Aboard! Rosie's Family Cruise
All Aboard! Rosie's Family Cruise is a 2006 American made-for-television documentary film that follows Rosie O'Donnell and her family along with several other families on the first-ever cruise designed for gay parents and their families. It was arranged and planned by Rosie O'Donnell and her life partner Kelli O'Donnell. The cruise ship set sail on July 11, 2004, and the film debuted on April 6, 2006 on HBO. The film was released on DVD-Video on June 13, 2006. The film went on to be nominated for three Emmy Awards.

Question: Was the documentary film "Meru" released in the same year as "All Aboard! Rosie's Family Cruise"?
Answer: the film debuted on April 6, 2006
Houston Rockets
The Houston Rockets are an American professional basketball team based in Houston. The Rockets compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division. The team plays its home games at the Toyota Center, located in Downtown Houston. Throughout its history, Houston has won two NBA championships and four Western Conference titles. It was established in 1967 as the San Diego Rockets, an expansion team originally based in San Diego. In 1971, the Rockets relocated to Houston.
Chandler Parsons
Chandler Parsons (born October 25, 1988) is an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the University of Florida and was drafted by the Houston Rockets with the 38th overall pick in the 2011 NBA draft.

Question: Where did Chandler Parsons attend college before he was drafted by the Houston Rockets which was an expansion team named the San Diego Rockets originally based in San Diego in 1967? 
Answer: University of Florida
Carol (film)
Carol is a 2015 romantic drama film directed by Todd Haynes. The screenplay by Phyllis Nagy is based on the 1952 romance novel "The Price of Salt" by Patricia Highsmith (republished as "Carol" in 1990). The film stars Cate Blanchett, Rooney Mara, Sarah Paulson, Jake Lacy, and Kyle Chandler. Set in New York City during the early 1950s, "Carol" tells the story of a forbidden affair between an aspiring female photographer and an older woman going through a difficult divorce.
Phyllis Nagy
Phyllis Nagy (born November 7, 1962) is an American theatre and film director, screenwriter and playwright. In 2006, Nagy was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for writing and directing "Mrs. Harris" (2005), her screen debut. In 2016, Nagy received an Academy Award nomination, among numerous other accolades, for Best Adapted Screenplay for the 2015 film "Carol".

Question: Phyllis Nagy received a 2016 Academy Award nomination for a film based on what 1952 novel?
Answer: "The Price of Salt"
Ivan Fesenko
Ivan Fesenko is a mathematician working in number theory and its interaction with other areas of modern mathematics.
Dmitri Anosov
Dmitri Victorovich Anosov ( ; November 30, 1936 – August 5, 2014) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician, known for his contributions to dynamical systems theory.

Question: Which mathematician was born first,  Ivan Fesenko or Dmitri Anosov?
Answer: Dmitri Victorovich Anosov
Paris
Paris today has more than 421 municipal parks and gardens, covering more than 3,000 hectares and containing more than 250,000 trees. Two of Paris's oldest and most famous gardens are the Tuileries Garden (created in 1564 for the Tuileries Palace and redone by André Le Nôtre between 1664 and 1672) and the Luxembourg Garden, for the Luxembourg Palace, built for Marie de' Medici in 1612, which today houses the Senate. The "Jardin des plantes" was the first botanical garden in Paris, created in 1626 by Louis XIII's doctor Guy de La Brosse for the cultivation of medicinal plants.

Question: Who redid the Tuileries Garden in 1664?
Answer: André Le Nôtre
Harry A. Pollard
Harry A. Pollard (23 January 1879 – 6 July 1934) was an American silent film actor and director. His wife was silent screen star Margarita Fischer.
Janez Lapajne
Janez Lapajne (] ; born 24 June 1967 in Celje, Yugoslavia) is a Slovenian film director, producer, writer, editor and production designer.

Question: Are Harry A. Pollard and Janez Lapajne both film directors?
Answer: yes
The Haas Brothers
The Haas Brothers was a Professional wrestling Tag team consisting of real life brothers Charlie and Russ Haas. The team was very successful in the independent wrestling circuit, but Russ's death on December 15, 2001 led to the end of the tag team shortly after the brothers signed a contract with the World Wrestling Federation.
Charlie Haas
Charles Doyle Haas II (born March 27, 1972) is an American retired professional and amateur wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in the 2000s and Ring of Honor (ROH) in the 2010s. He is also known for teaming up with Shelton Benjamin and Kurt Angle in a tag team called "The World's Greatest Tag Team"

Question: The Haas Brothers consists of brothers Russ and a wrestler who is best known for his appearances with Ring of Honor in the 2010s, and WWE when?
Answer: 2000s
Philip Kaufman
Philip Kaufman (born October 23, 1936) is an American film director and screenwriter who has directed fifteen films over a career spanning more than six decades. He has been described as a "maverick" and an "iconoclast," notable for his versatility and independence. He is considered an "auteur", whose films have always expressed his personal vision. 
Jon Favreau
Jonathan Favreau ( ; born October 19, 1966) is an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter.
Jon Favreau
Favreau has starred in the films "Rudy" (1993), "Swingers" (1996, which he also wrote), "Very Bad Things" (1998), "The Replacements" (2000), "Daredevil" (2003), "The Break-Up" (2006), "Couples Retreat" (2009), and "Chef" (2014), which he also wrote and directed. He portrayed Pete Becker on the television sitcom "Friends".

Question: Who was born first, Philip Kaufman or Jon Favreau?
Answer: Philip Kaufman
Queen Victoria
Though Victoria was now queen, as an unmarried young woman she was required by social convention to live with her mother, despite their differences over the Kensington System and her mother's continued reliance on Conroy. Her mother was consigned to a remote apartment in Buckingham Palace, and Victoria often refused to see her. When Victoria complained to Melbourne that her mother's proximity promised "torment for many years", Melbourne sympathised but said it could be avoided by marriage, which Victoria called a "schocking ["sic"] alternative". Victoria showed interest in Albert's education for the future role he would have to play as her husband, but she resisted attempts to rush her into wedlock.

Question: What could have allowed Victoria freedom from living with her mother?
Answer: marriage
Girls Trip
Girls Trip is a 2017 American comedy film starring Regina Hall, Queen Latifah, Tiffany Haddish, and Jada Pinkett Smith. The film is directed by Malcolm D. Lee and written by Kenya Barris and Tracy Oliver, from a story by the pair and Erica Rivinoja, who based the script off their own experiences with their female friends. It follows a group of four friends who go to New Orleans to attend the Essence Music Festival in order to reconnect.
Malcolm D. Lee
He is the cousin of filmmakers Spike Lee, Joie Lee and Cinqué Lee, and still photographer David Lee.
Malcolm D. Lee
Lee has directed such films as "Undercover Brother", "The Best Man", "Roll Bounce", "Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins", "Soul Men" and "Girls Trip". He also directed an episode of the sitcom "Everybody Hates Chris". He directed an installment in the "Scary Movie" franchise, "Scary Movie 5". In 2013, he directed "The Best Man Holiday", a sequel to "The Best Man".

Question: Malcolm D. Lee directed which 2017 American comedy film?
Answer: Girls Trip
Spitsbergen
Spitsbergen (formerly known as West Spitsbergen; Norwegian: "Vest Spitsbergen" or "Vestspitsbergen", ] , also sometimes spelled Spitzbergen) is the largest and only permanently populated island of the Svalbard archipelago in northern Norway. Constituting the westernmost bulk of the archipelago, it borders the Arctic Ocean, the Norwegian Sea, and the Greenland Sea. Spitsbergen covers an area of 37673 km2 , making it the largest island in Norway and the 36th-largest in the world. The administrative centre is Longyearbyen. Other settlements, in addition to research outposts, are the Russian mining community of Barentsburg, the research community of Ny-Ålesund, and the mining outpost of Sveagruva. Spitsbergen was covered in 21977 km2 of ice in 1999, which was approximately 58.5% of the island's total area.
Fridtjovbreen
Fridtjovbreen is a glacier in Nordenskiöld Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about 14 kilometers, and debouches into the bay Fridtjovhamna at the northern side of Van Mijenfjorden. The name stems from a hunting vessel used during the Torell expedition to Spitsbergen. The lower part of the glacier is included in the Nordenskiöld Land National Park.

Question: What is the administrative centre of the island of Svalbard where Fridtjovbreen is located?
Answer: Longyearbyen
Pelléas et Mélisande (opera)
Pelléas et Mélisande ("Pelléas and Mélisande") is an opera in five acts with music by Claude Debussy. The French libretto was adapted from Maurice Maeterlinck's symbolist play "Pelléas et Mélisande". It was premiered at the Salle Favart in Paris by the Opéra-Comique on 30 April 1902 with Jean Périer as Pelléas and Mary Garden as Mélisande in a performance conducted by André Messager, who was instrumental in getting the Opéra-Comique to stage the work. The only opera Debussy ever completed, it is considered a landmark in 20th-century music.
Félix Vieuille
Félix Vieuille (15 October 1872, Saujon – 28 February 1953, Saujon) was a French operatic bass who sang for more than four decades with the Opéra-Comique in Paris during the first half of the twentieth century. He created roles in numerous world premieres, most notably portraying Arkel in the original production of Claude Debussy's "Pelléas et Mélisande" in 1902 which he went on to sing 208 times at that house. He possessed a rich voice and a solid technique which helped sustain his career for a long time. His voice is preserved on a number of recordings made on the Odeon, Lyrophon, and Beka labels.

Question: Félix Vieuille, was a French operatic bass who sang for more than four decades with the Opéra-Comique in Paris during the first half of the twentieth century, he created roles in numerous world premieres, most notably portraying Arkel in the original production of Pelléas et Mélisande, an opera in five acts, with music by who?
Answer: Claude Debussy
Maurice Ravel
Joseph Maurice Ravel (] ; 7 March 1875 – 28 December 1937) was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He is often associated with impressionism along with his elder contemporary Claude Debussy, although both composers rejected the term. In the 1920s and 1930s Ravel was internationally regarded as France's greatest living composer.
Ambroise Thomas
Charles Louis Ambroise Thomas (] ; 5 August 1811 – 12 February 1896) was a French composer and teacher, best known for his operas "Mignon" (1866) and "Hamlet" (1868).
Ambroise Thomas
Born into a musical family, Thomas was a student at the Conservatoire de Paris, winning France's top music prize, the Prix de Rome. He pursued a career as a composer of operas, completing his first opera, "La double échelle", in 1837. He wrote twenty further operas over the next decades, mostly comic, but he also treated more serious subjects, finding considerable success with audiences in France and abroad.

Question: Are both Maurice Ravel and Ambroise Thomas French composers?
Answer: yes
Multiracial Americans
Multiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of two or more races. The term may also include Americans of mixed race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals, or 2.9% of the population, self-identified as multiracial. There is evidence that an accounting by genetic ancestry would produce a higher number. Historical reasons, including slavery creating a racial caste and the European-American suppression of Native Americans, often led people to identify or be classified by only one ethnicity, generally that of the culture in which they were raised. Prior to the mid-20th century, many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities. While many Americans may be considered multiracial, they often do not know it or do not identify so culturally, any more than they maintain all the differing traditions of a variety of national ancestries.

Question: Why did muticultural Americans hid their heritage?
Answer: many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities
Wizz Air
Wizz Air, legally incorporated as Wizz Air Hungary Ltd. ( ) and stylised as W!ZZ Air, is a Hungarian low-cost airline with its head office in Budapest. The airline serves many cities across Europe, as well as some destinations in North Africa and the Middle East. It has the largest fleet of any Hungarian airline, although it is not a flag carrier, and currently serves 44 countries. Its Jersey-based parent company, Wizz Air Holdings plc, is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. As of 2018, the airline has its largest base at Budapest Airport with over 60 destinations. In 2019 the airline transported 39.8 million passengers.
Riga International Airport
Riga International Airport ( ; ) is the international airport of Riga, the capital of Latvia, and the largest airport in the Baltic states with direct flights to 76 destinations as of November 2019. It serves as a hub for airBaltic, SmartLynx Airlines, RAF-Avia and as one of the base airports for Wizz Air. The Latvian national carrier airBaltic is the biggest in the airport, followed by Ryanair. The airport is located in the Mārupe Municipality west of Riga, approx. 10 km from its city centre.
Riga International Airport
The airport was built in 1973 as an alternative to Spilve Airport, which had become outdated. It is a state-owned joint-stock company, with the owner of all shares being the government of Latvia. The holder of the state capital share is Latvia's Ministry of Transport.

Question: Riga International serves as a base airport for a Hungarian airline whose head office is in what city?
Answer: Budapest
Yang Seung-pil
Yang Seung-pil (born January 3, 1992) is a South Korean actor. After playing a small role in the popular television series "The Heirs" (2013), he has two supporting roles in "Maids" (2015) and "Lovers in Bloom" (2017).
The Heirs
The Heirs ( ), also known as The Inheritors, is a South Korean television series starring Lee Min-ho, Park Shin-hye and Kim Woo-bin. Written by Kim Eun-sook, the drama is set in a high school populated by the privileged and uber-rich. It aired on SBS from October 9 to December 12, 2013.
The Heirs
This was the first Korean drama co-produced by American digital distribution platform DramaFever and Korean production company Hwa&Dam Pictures. The series was a major hit in South Korea and received immense popularity across Asia.

Question: Yang Seung-Pil (born January 3, 1992) is a South Korean actor, he played a small role in which Korean television series, starring Lee Min-ho written by Kim Eun-sook, the trendy drama is set in a high school populated by the privileged and uber-rich?
Answer: The Heirs
Afire Love
"Afire Love" is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran for his second studio album, "×" (2014). The song is about Sheeran's late grandfather who suffered from Alzheimer's disease. The record, which was produced by Snow Patrol member Johnny McDaid, samples elements of "Remembering Jenny" composed by Christophe Beck for the soundtrack to the American television series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer".
X (Ed Sheeran album)
× (pronounced "multiply") is the second studio album by English singer-songwriter, Ed Sheeran. It was released on 20 June 2014 in Australia and New Zealand, and worldwide on 23 June through Asylum Records and Atlantic Records. The album received positive reviews from music critics. It was an international commercial success, peaking at No. 1 in 15 countries, while topping both the UK Albums Chart and the US "Billboard" 200. "x" also reached the top five in seven other countries and was the best selling album of 2014 in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. Five singles were released from the album: "Sing", "Don't", "Thinking Out Loud", "Bloodstream" (a collaboration with Rudimental), and "Photograph".

Question: Afire Love appears on an Ed Sheeran album released on what date in Australia?
Answer: 20 June 2014
On the Red Carpet
On The Red Carpet (OTRC) is an American syndicated show which carries celebrity news, Hollywood events and features about celebrity style produced by ABC Owned Television Stations for KABC-TV and Disney–ABC Domestic Television.
Disney–ABC Domestic Television
Buena Vista Television LLC (operating under the names Disney–ABC Domestic Television and Disney–ABC Home Entertainment and Television Distribution and also operating as ABC Syndication; formerly known as Buena Vista Television, Inc. and Disney Domestic Television) is the in-home sales and content distribution firm of Disney Media Networks, a division of The Walt Disney Company. Content distribution responsibilities include domestic television syndication, domestic pay TV, Internet and cable video-on-demand (VOD), and pay-per-view outlets.

Question: Of which company was a Domestic Television which was one of the producer of "On the Red Carpet"  a division?
Answer: The Walt Disney Company
German submarine U-1304
German submarine "U-1304" was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's "Kriegsmarine" during World War II.
Kriegsmarine
The Kriegsmarine (] ,  '"War Navy"' ) was the navy of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war "Reichsmarine" (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The "Kriegsmarine" was one of three official branches, along with the "Heer" and the "Luftwaffe" of the "Wehrmacht", the German armed forces from 1933 to 1945.
Kriegsmarine
In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, the "Kriegsmarine" grew rapidly during German naval rearmament in the 1930s. The 1919 treaty had limited the size of the German navy and prohibited the building of submarines.

Question: Durring what war was the "U-1304" used by the navy of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945.?
Answer: World War II
Henry Maule
Sir Henry Maule was the son and heir of Sir William Maule, Baron of Panmure and Benvie and Ethana de Vallibus, daughter of John Vaux, Lord of Dirleton. William succeeded as Baron on his father's death and was married to Margaret Hay, daughter of Sir William Hay of Locherworth. 
Dirleton Castle
Dirleton Castle is a medieval fortress in the village of Dirleton, East Lothian, Scotland. It lies around 2 mi west of North Berwick, and around 19 mi east of Edinburgh. The oldest parts of the castle date to the 13th century, and it was abandoned by the end of the 17th century.

Question: The castle of John Vaux is located in what country?
Answer: Scotland
Richmond Football Club
The Richmond Football Club, nicknamed the Tigers, is a professional Australian rules football club playing in the Australian Football League (AFL), the sport's premier competition. Between its inception in the Melbourne suburb of Richmond in 1885 and 1907, the club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA), winning two premierships. Richmond joined the Victorian Football League (now known as the AFL) in 1908 and has since won twelve premierships, most recently in 2019.
Bill Ford (footballer)
William Thomas Ford (18 July 1906 – 10 May 1984) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond and Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Question: What was Bill Ford's football team nicknamed?
Answer: Tigers
Kelvin Sampson
Kelvin Dale Sampson (born October 5, 1955) is an American basketball coach who is currently the head coach of the Houston Cougars men's basketball team. He was the head coach at Montana Tech from 1981 to 1985, Washington State University from 1987 to 1994, the University of Oklahoma from 1994 to 2006, and Indiana University 2006 to 2008. He has also been an assistant coach for National Basketball Association (NBA) teams including the Milwaukee Bucks and Houston Rockets.
Jeff Meyer (basketball)
Jeffrey Dennis Meyer (born June 21, 1954) is an American college basketball coach, currently an assistant at Butler University. He was brought on in June 2017 as assistant coach by new head coach and former Michigan assistant LaVall Jordan. He previously served as an men's basketball assistant coach at Michigan under John Beilein and Indiana University during the Kelvin Sampson tenure.

Question: Where did Jeff Meyer serve as an assistant basketball coach under Kelvin Sampson?
Answer: Indiana University
Napoleon
The vicious guerrilla fighting in Spain, largely absent from the French campaigns in Central Europe, severely disrupted the French lines of supply and communication. Although France maintained roughly 300,000 troops in Iberia during the Peninsular War, the vast majority were tied down to garrison duty and to intelligence operations. The French were never able to concentrate all of their forces effectively, prolonging the war until events elsewhere in Europe finally turned the tide in favour of the Allies. After the invasion of Russia in 1812, the number of French troops in Spain vastly declined as Napoleon needed reinforcements to conserve his strategic position in Europe. By 1814, after scores of battles and sieges throughout Iberia, the Allies had managed to push the French out of the peninsula.

Question: Approximately how many French troops were kept in Iberia during the Peninsular War?
Answer: 300,000
Multiracial Americans
Laws dating from 17th-century colonial America defined children of African slave mothers as taking the status of their mothers and born into slavery regardless of the race or status of the father, under "partus sequitur ventrem". The association of slavery with a "race" led to slavery as a racial caste. But, most families of free people of color formed in Virginia before the American Revolution were the descendants of unions between white women and African men, who frequently worked and lived together in the looser conditions of the early colonial period. While interracial marriage was later prohibited, white men frequently took sexual advantage of slave women, and numerous generations of multiracial children were born. By the late 1800s it had become common among African Americans to use passing to gain educational opportunities as did the first African-American graduate of Vassar College, Anita Florence Hemmings. Some 19th-century categorization schemes defined people by proportion of African ancestry: a person whose parents were black and white was classified as mulatto, with one black grandparent and three white as quadroon, and with one black great-grandparent and the remainder white as octoroon. The latter categories remained within an overall black or colored category, but before the Civil War, in Virginia and some other states, a person of one-eighth or less black ancestry was legally white. Some members of these categories passed temporarily or permanently as white.

Question: What is the rule that allows children with white fathers to be slaves?
Answer: partus sequitur ventrem
Alexander Graham Bell
Bell worked extensively in medical research and invented techniques for teaching speech to the deaf. During his Volta Laboratory period, Bell and his associates considered impressing a magnetic field on a record as a means of reproducing sound. Although the trio briefly experimented with the concept, they could not develop a workable prototype. They abandoned the idea, never realizing they had glimpsed a basic principle which would one day find its application in the tape recorder, the hard disc and floppy disc drive, and other magnetic media.

Question: The magnetic field is part of what sort of recorder?
Answer: tape recorder
Somerset
Many Somerset soldiers died during the First World War, with the Somerset Light Infantry suffering nearly 5,000 casualties. War memorials were put up in most of the county's towns and villages; only nine, described as the Thankful Villages, had none of their residents killed. During the Second World War the county was a base for troops preparing for the D-Day landings. Some of the hospitals which were built for the casualties of the war remain in use. The Taunton Stop Line was set up to repel a potential German invasion. The remains of its pill boxes can still be seen along the coast, and south through Ilminster and Chard.

Question: What is the Tauton stop line 
Answer: The Taunton Stop Line was set up to repel a potential German invasion
Roman Republic
Rome's military confederation with the other peoples of the Italian peninsula meant that half of Rome's army was provided by the Socii, such as the Etruscans, Umbrians, Apulians, Campanians, Samnites, Lucani, Bruttii, and the various southern Greek cities. Polybius states that Rome could draw on 770,000 men at the beginning of the Second Punic War, of which 700,000 were infantry and 70,000 met the requirements for cavalry. Rome's Italian allies would be organized in "alae", or "wings", roughly equal in manpower to the Roman legions, though with 900 cavalry instead of 300.

Question: Where did Rome receive half of their army from?
Answer: the Socii
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
On 8 February 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion.

Question: To what position was Malenkov demoted?
Answer: deputy Prime Minister
Dialect
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction (dichotomy) between dialect and language is therefore subjective (arbitrary) and depends upon the user's preferred frame of reference. For example, there has been discussion about whether or not the Limón Creole English should be considered "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendants of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends upon which university they represent. Another example is Scanian, which even, for a time, had its own ISO code.

Question: On what coast of Costa Rica is Limón Creole English spoken?
Answer: Caribbean
Pope Paul VI
Montini had just one foreign posting in the diplomatic service of the Holy See as Secretary in the office of the papal nuncio to Poland in 1923. Of the nationalism he experienced there he wrote: "This form of nationalism treats foreigners as enemies, especially foreigners with whom one has common frontiers. Then one seeks the expansion of one's own country at the expense of the immediate neighbours. People grow up with a feeling of being hemmed in. Peace becomes a transient compromise between wars." He described his experience in Warsaw as "useful, though not always joyful". When he became pope, the Communist government of Poland refused him permission to visit Poland on a Marian pilgrimage.

Question: What type of political stability was compromised as a result of violent nationalism?
Answer: Peace
Candleshoe
Candleshoe is a 1977 American family adventure film, directed by Norman Tokar in a screenplay written by David Swift and Rosemary Anne Sisson, based on the Michael Innes novel "Christmas at Candleshoe", produced by Walt Disney Productions. The film stars Jodie Foster, David Niven, Helen Hayes (in her last film role), and Leo McKern. The plot follows a hooligan American orphan roped into a treasure hunt on a noble English estate.
Candleshoe
Con-artist Harry Bundage (McKern) believes that the lost treasure of pirate captain Joshua St. Edmund is hidden at Candleshoe, the large 
Snowball Express
Snowball Express is a 1972 American screwball comedy made by Walt Disney Productions and directed by Norman Tokar. The screenplay concerns a man who leaves his middle class job to run a hotel left to him by his great uncle.

Question: Snowball Express and Candleshoe are films produced by what Production company?
Answer: Walt Disney Productions
Renewable energy commercialization
During the five-years from the end of 2004 through 2009, worldwide renewable energy capacity grew at rates of 10–60 percent annually for many technologies, while actual production grew 1.2% overall. In 2011, UN under-secretary general Achim Steiner said: "The continuing growth in this core segment of the green economy is not happening by chance. The combination of government target-setting, policy support and stimulus funds is underpinning the renewable industry's rise and bringing the much needed transformation of our global energy system within reach." He added: "Renewable energies are expanding both in terms of investment, projects and geographical spread. In doing so, they are making an increasing contribution to combating climate change, countering energy poverty and energy insecurity".

Question: Who was the UN under-secretary in 2011?
Answer: Achim Steiner
Germans
Roman Catholicism was the sole established religion in the Holy Roman Empire until the Reformation changed this drastically. In 1517, Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church as he saw it as a corruption of Christian faith. Through this, he altered the course of European and world history and established Protestantism. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe. The war was fought largely as a religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire.

Question: Who was the thirty year war between?
Answer: Protestants and Catholics
Melanie Klein
Melanie Klein (née Reizes) (30 March 1882 – 22 September 1960) was an Austrian-British author and psychoanalyst known for her work in child analysis. She was the primary figure in the development of object relations theory. Klein suggested that pre-verbal existential anxiety in infancy catalyzed the formation of the unconscious, resulting in the unconscious splitting of the world into good and bad idealizations. In her theory, how the child resolves that split depends on the constitution of the child and the character of nurturing the child experiences; the quality of resolution can inform the presence, absence, and/or type of distresses a person experiences later in life. 
Melitta Schmideberg
Melitta Rene Schmideberg-Klein ("née" Klein; 17 January 1904 – 10 February 1983) was a Slovakian-born British-American physician, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst.
Melitta Schmideberg
Schmideberg was born in Ružomberok, Austria-Hungary (now Slovakia) into a Jewish family, the only daughter and eldest child of Arthur Klein and psychoanalyst Melanie Klein ("née" Reizes). Prior to the First World War, the family moved to Budapest. Following the war, her father moved to Sweden and Melitta and her mother returned to Ružomberok, where Melitta graduated from high school in 1921. She moved to Berlin to train at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute, where she met Austrian psychoanalyst Walter Schmideberg, a friend of Freud, whom she married in 1924.

Question: When was the mother of Melitta Schmideberg died?
Answer: 22 September 1960
Law of the United States
The law of the United States comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the United States Constitution, which prescribes the foundation of the federal government of the United States, as well as various civil liberties. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of Acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory law.

Question: What two forms of law make up the laws of the United States?
Answer: codified and uncodified
John Stamos
John Phillip Stamos ( ; ; born August 19, 1963) is an American actor, producer, musician, comedian and singer. He first gained recognition for his contract role as Blackie Parrish on the ABC television series "General Hospital", for which he was nominated for the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series. He is known for his work in television, especially in his starring role as Jesse Katsopolis on the ABC sitcom "Full House". Since the show's finale in 1995, Stamos has appeared in numerous TV films and series. Since 2005, he has been the national spokesperson for Project Cuddle.
How to Marry a Billionaire: A Christmas Tale
How to Marry a Billionaire: A Christmas Tale is a 2000 American made-for-TV christmas romantic comedy film, starring John Stamos, Joshua Malina and Shemar Moore. It was written and produced by Steven Peterman & Gary Dontzig and directed by Rod Daniel. The film was first aired at Fox Network on December 20, 2000 and is a remake of the 1953 film "How to Marry a Millionaire".

Question: Who stared in "How to Marry a Billionaire: A Christmas Tale" and "Full House"?
Answer: John Stamos
Manhattan Bridge
The Manhattan Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan at Canal Street with Downtown Brooklyn at the Flatbush Avenue Extension. The main span is 1470 ft long, with the suspension cables being 3224 ft long. The bridge's total length is 6855 ft . It is one of four toll-free vehicular bridges connecting Manhattan Island to Long Island; the nearby Brooklyn Bridge is just slightly further downtown, while the Queensboro and Williamsburg bridges are to the north.
Manhattan Bridge
The bridge was designed by Leon Moisseiff, built by The Phoenix Bridge Company, and opened to traffic on December 31, 1909. An innovative design, it was the first suspension bridge to employ Josef Melan's deflection theory for deck stiffening, resulting in the first use of a lightly-webbed weight-saving Warren truss for its construction. Considered the forerunner of modern suspension bridges, it served as the model for many of the record-breaking spans built in the first half of the twentieth century. 
One Manhattan Square
One Manhattan Square (also known as 225 Cherry Street or 252 South Street) is a residential skyscraper project developed by Extell Development Company in the Two Bridges neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Built from 2014 to 2019, the project was built on the site of a former Pathmark grocery store, which was demolished in 2014. The building topped out in 2017 and stands out significantly within the context of the neighborhood, the next highest structure being the Manhattan Bridge at roughly 30 stories (102 m) in height. A 13-story affordable housing component will be located separately on-site from the main tower. The building topped out in September 2017 and was complete by August 2019.

Question: One Manhattan Square, is a residential skyscraper project being developed by Extell Development Company in Two Bridges, Manhattan, New York City, completed, the building will stand out significantly within the context of the neighborhood, the next highest structure being which suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan at Canal Street with Downtown Brooklyn at the Flatbush Avenue Extension, at roughly 30 stories in height?
Answer: Manhattan Bridge
Lakeland Terrier
The Lakeland Terrier is a dog breed, which takes its name from its place of origin, the Lake District in England. The dog is a small to mid-size member of the Terrier family. While independent in personality, it interacts well with owners and all family members, and is mostly hypo-allergenic (non shedding). In the United Kingdom, the Lakeland Terrier is considered a vulnerable dog breed at risk of going extinct through low levels of breeding, according to The Kennel Club. And in the United States in 2018 the Lakeland Terrier ranked 147 out of 193 breeds by number of American Kennel Club puppy registrations.
Sussex Spaniel
The Sussex Spaniel is a breed of dog native to Sussex in southern England. It is a low, compact spaniel and is as old a breed as and similar in appearance to the Clumber Spaniel. They can be slow-paced, but can have a clownish and energetic temperament. They suffer from health conditions common to spaniels and some large dogs, as well as a specific range of heart conditions and spinal disc herniation.

Question: Are both Sussex Spaniel and Lakeland Terrier native to England?
Answer: yes
Trenton Prong
The Trenton Prong is a physiographic subprovince of the Piedmont Uplands section of the Piedmont province of the Appalachian Mountains. The prong consists of crystalline metamorphic rock. 
Appalachian Mountains
The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. They once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky Mountains before experiencing natural erosion. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east–west travel, as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to most highways and railroads running east–west.

Question: The Trenton Prong is a section of the Piedmont province of what that was formed roughly 480 million years ago?
Answer: The Appalachian Mountains
Tom Smith (make-up artist)
Tom Smith (15 August 1920 – 3 April 2009) was a British make-up artist who was nominated at the 1982 Academy Awards for Best Makeup for the film "Gandhi".
Gandhi (film)
Gandhi is a 1982 epic historical drama film based on the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the leader of India's nonviolent non-cooperative independence movement against the United Kingdom's rule of the country during the 20th century. The film, a British-Indian co-production, was written by John Briley and produced and directed by Richard Attenborough. It stars Ben Kingsley in the title role.
Gandhi (film)
The film covers Gandhi's life from a defining moment in 1893, as he is thrown off a South African train for being in a whites-only compartment, and concludes with his assassination and funeral in 1948. Although a practising Hindu, Gandhi's embracing of other faiths, particularly Christianity and Islam, is also depicted.

Question: Which film starring Ben Kingsley gained Tom Smith his 1982 Academy Award nomination?
Answer: Gandhi
Moonwalkers (film)
Moonwalkers is a 2015 French comedy film directed by Antoine Bardou-Jacquet in his directorial debut, and written by Dean Craig. The film stars Ron Perlman, Rupert Grint, and Robert Sheehan. The film is based on Moon landing conspiracy theories. The film had its world premiere at SXSW on March 14, 2015. The film was released on January 15, 2016, in a limited release and through video on demand by Alchemy.
Partizan Midi-Minuit
Partizan Midi-Minuit is a French company, which produced videos such as the multi-award-winning "Cog" television advertisement for the Honda Accord, the 2004 ads for 7-Up, featuring Fido Dido, music video for U2's "Vertigo". and the 2016 film "Moonwalkers". The company was founded by Georges Bermann in 1986, exclusively producing music videos. The UK office opened in 1991 and they have since expanded into offices in New York, Los Angeles, the Middle East, Sao Paulo and Berlin. The company is notable for signing Michel Gondry, who helped make the company popular with the release of his Grammy-nominated music video for "Human Behaviour" by Björk in 1993. Several more of Gondry's videos were nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Music Video, although Partizan received its first Grammy in 2005, with "Vertigo" by U2, directed by Alex and Martin. Other directors who've worked with Partizan include Warren Fu, Hiro Murai, Ace Norton, Gil Green, Chris Robinson, Philip Andelman, Chris Applebaum, Saam Farahmand, Kinga Burza, Henry Scholfield, and many more.

Question: Partizan Midi-Minuit produced a film starring Ron Perlman, Rupert Grint, and who else?
Answer: Robert Sheehan
Jamill Kelly
Larry Jamill Kelly (born October 25, 1977) is an American freestyle wrestler. He represented the United States at the 2004 Summer Olympic Games where he earned a silver medal. Up until August 2010 he was the head coach of Dallas Dynamite Wrestling Club in Dallas, Texas. In 2015, he became a guest wrestling coach for Daniel Cormier, Luke Rockhold and Cain Velasquez, all from the American Kickboxing Academy.
Daniel Cormier
Daniel Ryan Cormier ( ; born March 20, 1979) is an American mixed martial artist and former Olympic wrestler. He is signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is a former two-division world champion, having held the heavyweight and light heavyweight world championships simultaneously. Cormier is the second fighter in UFC history to hold titles in two weight classes simultaneously and is the first to defend titles in two different divisions. 
Daniel Cormier
Prior to the UFC, Cormier was Strikeforce Heavyweight Grand Prix Champion and King of the Cage Heavyweight Champion. He holds the distinction of having won a world championship belt in every promotion for which he has fought. UFC president Dana White and UFC commentator Joe Rogan are among numerous mixed martial arts (MMA) pundits who consider Cormier to be one of the greatest mixed martial arts fighters of all time. Cormier is an analyst and commentator for the UFC. As of July 14, 2020, he is #6 in the UFC men's pound-for-pound rankings and #1 in the UFC heavyweight rankings.

Question: In what year did the guest wrestling coach for person that many consider to be the greatest mixed martial artists of all time win a silver medal a the Summer Olympics?
Answer: 2004
United States Merchant Marine Academy
The United States Merchant Marine Academy (USMMA or Kings Point) is a United States service academy located in Kings Point, New York. It trains officers to serve in United States Merchant Marine, branches of the military, and the transportation industry. Midshipmen (as students at the academy are called) are trained in different fields such as marine engineering, navigation, ship's administration, maritime law, personnel management, international law, customs, and many other subjects important to the task of running a large ship.
USCGC Catenary (WYTL-65606)
USCGC "Catenary" (WYTL-65606) was a cutter in the United States Coast Guard (USCG). Constructed by the Gibbs Gas Engine Company and commissioned in early 1962, the vessel served as part of the USCG for over 30 years before being decommissioned in mid-1995 and sold to the United States Merchant Marine Academy. During her service "Catenary" was based primarily on the east coast of the United States where she was utilized mainly in a law enforcement role.

Question: After being decomissioned, the USCGC Catenary was sold to an academy located in what state?
Answer: New York