qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Avicenna
Avicenna was a devout Muslim and sought to reconcile rational philosophy with Islamic theology. His aim was to prove the existence of God and His creation of the world scientifically and through reason and logic. Avicenna's views on Islamic theology (and philosophy) were enormously influential, forming part of the core of the curriculum at Islamic religious schools until the 19th century. Avicenna wrote a number of short treatises dealing with Islamic theology. These included treatises on the prophets (whom he viewed as "inspired philosophers"), and also on various scientific and philosophical interpretations of the Quran, such as how Quranic cosmology corresponds to his own philosophical system. In general these treatises linked his philosophical writings to Islamic religious ideas; for example, the body's afterlife.

Question: Up until what century was Avicenna's work highly influential?
Answer: 19th century
Shape of the Moon
Shape of the Moon ( ) is a Dutch/Indonesian documentary film from 2004 directed by Leonard Retel Helmrich. The documentary released on 24 November 2004 as opening film of IDFA (International Documentary Festival Amsterdam).
The Seine Meets Paris
The Seine Meets Paris ( ) is a 1957 French short documentary film directed by Joris Ivens from a screenplay by Jacques Prévert. Told from the perspective of a boat trip through the city, it features scenes of daily life along the river. The film won the short film Palme d'Or at the 1958 Cannes Film Festival.

Question: Which documentary was released first, The Seine Meets Paris or Shape of the Moon?
Answer: The Seine Meets Paris
Tobyhanna Army Depot
Tobyhanna Army Depot, is a logistics center for the United States Department of Defense (DoD), specializing in electronic systems. It is located in Coolbaugh Township, Monroe County, near Tobyhanna, Pennsylvania. Established February 1, 1953, as Tobyhanna Signal Depot, today it is a facility for the repair, upgrade and integration of Command, Control, Computer, Communications, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems for all branches of the Armed Forces.
Tobyhanna National Forest
Tobyhanna National Forest was established in Pennsylvania by the United States Forest Service on April 10, 1925 with 20870 acre from part of the Tobyhanna Military Reservation. On October 10, 1928 the executive order for its creation was rescinded and the forest was abolished.

Question: Tobyhanna National Forest was established with 20870 acres from part of a military reservation locted in what county?
Answer: Monroe County
Watford Rural
Watford Rural is a civil parish in the Three Rivers District of Hertfordshire, England. Located approximately 14 mi northwest of central London and adjacent to the Greater London boundary, it is an urbanised parish characterised by suburban residential development. The local council is Watford Rural Parish Council. The parish covers South Oxhey and Carpenders Park, which although part of the Watford urban area, are outside the borough of Watford. The parish was created in 1894 when the ancient Watford parish was split into urban and rural parishes. At the 2001 census it had a population of 20,250.
Three Rivers District
Three Rivers is a local government district in south-west Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Rickmansworth.
Three Rivers District
The district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, by the merger of Rickmansworth Urban District, Chorleywood Urban District and part of Watford Rural District. The confluence of the Chess and the Gade with the Colne in Rickmansworth inspired the district's name.

Question: Watford Rural is a civil parish in which local government based in Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, in southern England?
Answer: Three Rivers District
Mark David Chapman
Mark David Chapman (born May 10, 1955) is an American criminal who murdered John Lennon, formerly of the Beatles, outside Lennon's apartment at the Dakota, in Manhattan, on December 8, 1980. As Lennon walked into the building's archway with his wife Yoko Ono, Chapman fired five shots at Lennon from several meters away with a .38 Special revolver. Lennon was hit four times in the back. Chapman remained at the scene reading J. D. Salinger's novel "The Catcher in the Rye" until he was arrested by police. He planned to cite the novel as his manifesto.
Mark David Chapman
Raised in Decatur, Georgia, Chapman had been a fan of the Beatles, but was incensed by Lennon's lifestyle and public statements, such as his remark about the Beatles being "more popular than Jesus" and the lyrics of his later songs "God" and "Imagine". In the years leading up to the murder, he developed a series of obsessions, including artwork and the music of Todd Rundgren. "The Catcher in the Rye" took on great personal significance for him, to the extent that he wished to model his life after the novel's protagonist, Holden Caulfield. Chapman also contemplated killing other public figures, including Johnny Carson, Paul McCartney, and Ronald Reagan. He had no prior criminal convictions and had just resigned from a job as a security guard in Hawaii.
Murder of John Lennon
On the evening of 8 December 1980, English musician John Lennon, formerly of the Beatles, was fatally shot in the archway of the Dakota, his residence in New York City. The perpetrator was Mark David Chapman, an American Beatles fan who had travelled from Hawaii. Chapman stated that he was angered by Lennon's lifestyle and public statements, especially his much-publicized remark about the Beatles being "more popular than Jesus" and the lyrics of his later songs "God" and "Imagine". Chapman also said he was inspired by the fictional character Holden Caulfield from J. D. Salinger's novel "The Catcher in the Rye".
Murder of John Lennon
Chapman planned the killing over the course of several months and waited for Lennon at the Dakota on the morning of 8 December. During the evening, he met Lennon, who signed his copy of the album "Double Fantasy". Lennon left with his wife, Yoko Ono, for a recording session at Record Plant Studio. Later that night, Lennon and Ono returned to the Dakota. As Lennon and Ono walked towards the archway entrance of the building, Chapman fired five hollow-point bullets from a .38 special revolver, four of which hit Lennon in the back. Chapman remained at the scene reading "The Catcher in the Rye" until he was arrested by the police. Lennon was rushed in a police cruiser to Roosevelt Hospital, where he was pronounced dead on arrival.

Question: The Murder of John Lennon was committed by the man who read which book until he was arrested?
Answer: The Catcher in the Rye
Magarey Medal
The Magarey Medal is an Australian rules football honour awarded annually since 1898 to the fairest and most brilliant player in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL), as judged by field umpires. The award was created by William Ashley Magarey, then chairman of the league. The current recipient is Glenelg’s Luke Partington, who won in 2019.
Magarey Medal
William Magarey was born in Adelaide, South Australia. A lawyer by vocation, he had an enduring interest in sports, although he did not play football. He was, however, an active sports administrator who, in 1897, became the inaugural Chairman of the South Australian Football Association (later renamed the SANFL). The sport at that time was known for often rough play, and Magarey wanted to help combat this, and help gain more respect for umpires.
William Ashley Magarey
William Ashley Magarey (30 January 1868 – 18 October 1929) was a lawyer, sportsman and sports administrator. He was the first chairman of the South Australian Football Association (SAFA) (later named South Australian National Football League (SANFL)), and a South Australian first-class cricketer, but he is best known for coming up with the idea of the Magarey Medal.

Question: William Ashley Magarey is best nown for coming up with an idea of a medal in which league?
Answer: South Australian National Football League
Child labour
In the early 20th century, thousands of boys were employed in glass making industries. Glass making was a dangerous and tough job especially without the current technologies. The process of making glass includes intense heat to melt glass (3133 °F). When the boys are at work, they are exposed to this heat. This could cause eye trouble, lung ailments, heat exhaustion, cuts, and burns. Since workers were paid by the piece, they had to work productively for hours without a break. Since furnaces had to be constantly burning, there were night shifts from 5:00 pm to 3:00 am. Many factory owners preferred boys under 16 years of age.

Question: Were the boys in glass making industry paid by the hour?
Answer: paid by the piece
Kathmandu
Metropolitan Kathmandu is divided into five sectors: the Central Sector, the East Sector, the North Sector, the City Core and the West Sector. For civic administration, the city is further divided into 35 administrative wards. The Council administers the Metropolitan area of Kathmandu city through its 177 elected representatives and 20 nominated members. It holds biannual meetings to review, process and approve the annual budget and make major policy decisions. The ward's profile documents for the 35 wards prepared by the Kathmandu Metropolitan Council is detailed and provides information for each ward on population, the structure and condition of houses, the type of roads, educational, health and financial institutions, entertainment facilities, parking space, security provisions, etc. It also includes lists of development projects completed, on-going and planned, along with informative data about the cultural heritage, festivals, historical sites and the local inhabitants. Ward 16 is the largest, with an area of 437.4 ha; ward 26 is the smallest, with an area of 4 ha.

Question: What is the purpose of Kathmandu being divided into 35 wards?
Answer: civic administration
Biodiversity
Agricultural diversity can also be divided by whether it is 'planned' diversity or 'associated' diversity. This is a functional classification that we impose and not an intrinsic feature of life or diversity. Planned diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised (e.g. crops, covers, symbionts, and livestock, among others), which can be contrasted with the associated diversity that arrives among the crops, uninvited (e.g. herbivores, weed species and pathogens, among others).

Question: What type of diversity arrives uninvited?
Answer: associated diversity
2008 Sichuan earthquake
Beijing accepted the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation from Taiwan late on May 13. Tzu Chi was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort. China stated it would gratefully accept international help to cope with the quake.

Question: What did China need help for?
Answer: cope with the quake
Mexico City
The concept of nobility flourished in New Spain in a way not seen in other parts of the Americas. Spaniards encountered a society in which the concept of nobility mirrored that of their own. Spaniards respected the indigenous order of nobility and added to it. In the ensuing centuries, possession of a noble title in Mexico did not mean one exercised great political power, for one's power was limited even if the accumulation of wealth was not. The concept of nobility in Mexico was not political but rather a very conservative Spanish social one, based on proving the worthiness of the family. Most of these families proved their worth by making fortunes in New Spain outside of the city itself, then spending the revenues in the capital, building churches, supporting charities and building extravagant palatial homes. The craze to build the most opulent residence possible reached its height in the last half of the 18th century. Many of these palaces can still be seen today, leading to Mexico City's nickname of "The city of palaces" given by Alexander Von Humboldt.

Question: How did mexican nobles spend money in Mexico City?
Answer: building churches, supporting charities and building extravagant palatial homes
Pierre Womé
Pierre Nlend Womé (born 26 March 1979) is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a defender. A journeyman, Womé was a versatile and skillful left wingback who played for 14 clubs in six countries.
Pierre Womé
After spending his youth career at Fogape Yaoundé and the relatively eminent regional side Canon Yaoundé, Womé moved to Italy from Cameroon in the summer of 1996 to start his professional career. He began his senior career at Vicenza Calcio and spent almost seven years playing in Italy until moving to English Premier League side Fulham FC in August 2002. He was sold to Bologna F.C. 1909 in a co-ownership deal for 6 billion lire in 1999, until Roma acquired him for 2 billion lire in the same summer that Francesco Antonioli, Amedeo Mangone and Alessandro Rinaldi joined Roma for 10 billion lire, 13 billion lire and 6 billion lire respectively. In June 2000 Bologna acquired Womé outright for a fee of 1 million lire. During his time in England at Fulham, Womé scored once in the league, in a 3–0 win over West Brom in February 2003.
Maniche
Nuno Ricardo de Oliveira Ribeiro (born 11 November 1977), known as Maniche (European Portuguese: ] ), is a Portuguese retired professional footballer who played as a central midfielder.

Question: What position did retired Portuguese professional footballer, who shares with Pierre Nlend Womé the distinction of being only one of eleven players to have played in the top divisions in Italy, Spain, England and Germany respectively?
Answer: central midfielder
Internet service provider
Network hardware, software and specifications, as well as the expertise of network management personnel are important in ensuring that data follows the most efficient route, and upstream connections work reliably. A tradeoff between cost and efficiency is possible.

Question: Is a tradeoff between efficiency and cost possible? 
Answer: A tradeoff between cost and efficiency is possible
Separation of powers under the United States Constitution
Marshall's words and future court decisions gave Congress much latitude in delegating powers. It was not until the 1930s that the Supreme Court held a delegation of authority unconstitutional. In a case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration called "A.L.A. Schechter Poultry", 295 U.S. 495 (1935), Congress could not authorize the president to formulate codes of "fair competition." It was held that Congress must set some standards governing the actions of executive officers. The Court, however, has deemed that phrases such as "just and reasonable," "public interest" and "public convenience" suffice.

Question: In what year was A.L.A. Schechter v. United States tried before the Supreme Court?
Answer: 1935
Al-Kabir
Al-Kabir ("Kabīr" ) is one of the Names of God in Islam, meaning "The Great." It is also used as a personal name, as short form of the name Abdul Kabir, ""Servant of the Great"".
Abdul Kabir
Maulavi Mohammed Abdul Kabir is a senior member of the Taliban leadership.

Question: Which senior member of the Taliban leadership has a name that is also one of the quality of God in Islam?
Answer: Maulavi Mohammed Abdul Kabir
Oklahoma
The state is divided into 77 counties that govern locally, each headed by a three-member council of elected commissioners, a tax assessor, clerk, court clerk, treasurer, and sheriff. While each municipality operates as a separate and independent local government with executive, legislative and judicial power, county governments maintain jurisdiction over both incorporated cities and non-incorporated areas within their boundaries, but have executive power but no legislative or judicial power. Both county and municipal governments collect taxes, employ a separate police force, hold elections, and operate emergency response services within their jurisdiction. Other local government units include school districts, technology center districts, community college districts, rural fire departments, rural water districts, and other special use districts.

Question: Who can hold elections in Oklahoma?
Answer: Both county and municipal governments
Santa Barbara, California
Santa Barbara ( ; ) is a coastal city in, and the county seat of, Santa Barbara County in the U.S. state of California. Heavily influenced by Mexican and Spanish historical cultural influences it is situated on a south-facing section of coastline, the longest such section on the West Coast of the United States. The city lies between the steeply rising Santa Ynez Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Santa Barbara's climate is often described as Mediterranean, and the city has been promoted as the "American Riviera". s of 2019, the city had an estimated population of 91,364, up from 88,410 in 2010, making it the second most populous city in the county after Santa Maria. The contiguous urban area, which includes the cities of Goleta and Carpinteria, along with the unincorporated regions of Isla Vista, Montecito, Mission Canyon, Hope Ranch, Summerland, and others, has an approximate population of 220,000. The population of the entire county in 2010 was 423,895.
Pacific Standard
Pacific Standard was an American online magazine that reported on issues of social and environmental justice. Founded in 2008, the magazine was published in print and online for its first ten years until production of the print edition ceased in 2018 and it transitioned to an online-only format, which folded in 2019. "Pacific Standard" was published by The Social Justice Foundation, headquartered in Santa Barbara, California.

Question: What American magazine is headquartered in a city with an estimated population of 91,196 as of 2014?
Answer: Pacific Standard
Paul Schwartz
Paul Schwartz (born 1956) is an American music producer, composer, arranger, conductor, and pianist. the basic elements of which are voice, piano, violin, and electronic samples. He has collaborated with vocalists Lisbeth Scott and Rebecca Luker, performing on many songs.
Rebecca Luker
Rebecca Luker (born April 17, 1961) is an American actress, singer and recording artist who has appeared in several musical theatre productions on Broadway. Luker's voice type is soprano. "The New York Times" has compared her to actresses such as Barbara Cook and Julie Andrews. She has been nominated for three Tony Awards and two Drama Desk Awards, and she is featured on opera star Plácido Domingo's recording, "The Broadway I Love" (1991).

Question: What actress and singer and three time Tony nominee has collaborated with Paul Schwarts and sang on Plácido Domingo's recording, "The Broadway I Love"?
Answer: Rebecca Luker
Alexander Graham Bell
Bell's own home used a primitive form of air conditioning, in which fans blew currents of air across great blocks of ice. He also anticipated modern concerns with fuel shortages and industrial pollution. Methane gas, he reasoned, could be produced from the waste of farms and factories. At his Canadian estate in Nova Scotia, he experimented with composting toilets and devices to capture water from the atmosphere. In a magazine interview published shortly before his death, he reflected on the possibility of using solar panels to heat houses.

Question: What form of water played a part in Bell's home cooling system?
Answer: ice
Antarctica
About 1,150 species of fungi have been recorded from Antarctica, of which about 750 are non-lichen-forming and 400 are lichen-forming. Some of these species are cryptoendoliths as a result of evolution under extreme conditions, and have significantly contributed to shaping the impressive rock formations of the McMurdo Dry Valleys and surrounding mountain ridges. The apparently simple morphology, scarcely differentiated structures, metabolic systems and enzymes still active at very low temperatures, and reduced life cycles shown by such fungi make them particularly suited to harsh environments such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys. In particular, their thick-walled and strongly melanised cells make them resistant to UV light. Those features can also be observed in algae and cyanobacteria, suggesting that these are adaptations to the conditions prevailing in Antarctica. This has led to speculation that, if life ever occurred on Mars, it might have looked similar to Antarctic fungi such as "Cryomyces antarcticus", and "Cryomyces minteri". Some of these fungi are also apparently endemic to Antarctica. Endemic Antarctic fungi also include certain dung-inhabiting species which have had to evolve in response to the double challenge of extreme cold while growing on dung, and the need to survive passage through the gut of warm-blooded animals.

Question: What type of fungi help shape rock formations in Antarctica?
Answer: cryptoendoliths
Bukowski (film)
Bukowski is a 1973 documentary film produced by Taylor Hackford and directed by Richard Davies that follows Los Angeles poet Charles Bukowski to San Francisco for a poetry reading. The full 60-minute documentary begins with footage of Bukowski in his Los Angeles home and neighborhood as he discusses his history as a postal worker as well as his approach to and perspective on poetry. The film then shows him flying with Linda King to San Francisco for the poetry reading followed by interactions with attendees after the show. One night the window of his room is broken during a fight between some guests and then a fight between Charles and Linda causes her to leave. Interviews follow with Liza and Linda about their relationship with Charles. Bukowski is shown betting at the track and explaining his betting strategy.
London Can Take It!
London Can Take It! is a short British propaganda film from 1940, which shows the effects of eighteen hours of the German blitz on London and its people. Intended to sway the US population in favour of Britain's plight, it was produced by the GPO Film Unit for the British Ministry of Information and distributed throughout the United States by Warner Bros.. The film was directed by Humphrey Jennings and Harry Watt, and narrated by US war correspondent Quentin Reynolds.

Question: What s a short British propaganda film from 1940, London Can Take It! or Bukowski ?
Answer: London Can Take It!
Vivendi
Vivendi SA, known as Vivendi Universal SA between 2000 and 2006, is a French mass media conglomerate headquartered in Paris. The company has activities in music, television, film, video games, book publishing, tickets and video hosting services.
Arnaud de Puyfontaine
Arnaud de Puyfontaine (born 26 April 1964) is a French businessman who has been serving as the chief executive officer of Vivendi since 2014.

Question: When was the French businessman who serves as the chief executive office for the French multinational mass media conglomerate headquartered in Paris and formerly Vivendi Universal SA  born?
Answer: 26 April 1964
Pope John XXIII
John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped to see if he was dead, and those with him in the room said prayers. Then the room was illuminated, thus informing the people of what had happened. He was buried on 6 June in the Vatican grottos. Two wreaths, placed on the two sides of his tomb, were donated by the prisoners of the Regina Coeli prison and the Mantova jail in Verona. On 22 June 1963, one day after his friend and successor Pope Paul VI was elected, the latter prayed at his tomb.

Question: What day was he buried?
Answer: 6 June
Raine Davison
Raine Davison (born Raine Davies, 25 January 1984 in Blackpool, Lancashire) is an English actress known for appearing in many English Soap Operas such as ITV's "Emmerdale" as Eve Birch from 2001–2002. She reprised her role on Emmerdale at the end of 2006. In April 2010, former Hear'Say singer Suzanne Shaw took over the role of Eve until 2011.
Suzanne Shaw
Suzanne Christine Crowshaw (born 29 September 1981), known as Suzanne Shaw, is an English actress, singer and television personality, who rose to fame after winning the talent contest "Popstars" and subsequently being a member of the band Hear'Say.

Question: The English actress Raine Davison and which actress, who rose to fame after winning a talent contest, appeared in the same English Soap Operas (different years)?
Answer: Suzanne Shaw
Marc Webb
Marc Preston Webb (born August 31, 1974) is an American music video director and filmmaker. He made his feature film directorial debut with the 2009 romantic comedy-drama "500 Days of Summer", and went on to direct the 2012 "Spider-Man" reboot "The Amazing Spider-Man", its 2014 sequel, "The Amazing Spider-Man 2", and the 2017 drama films "Gifted" and "The Only Living Boy in New York".
Harry Keller
Harry Keller (22 February 1913 – 19 January 1987) was an American film editor, producer and director, who made a number of westerns and worked for many years at Universal Pictures. 
Harry Keller
In 1958, Keller was tasked by Universal Pictures with directing re-shoots and additional scenes on the Orson Welles film "Touch of Evil".

Question: Are Harry Keller and Marc Webb both ffilm directors?
Answer: yes
Israel
The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative districts, known as "mehozot" ( ; singular: "mahoz") – Center, Haifa, Jerusalem, North, South, and Tel Aviv districts, as well as the Judea and Samaria Area in the West Bank. All of the Judea and Samaria Area and parts of the Jerusalem and Northern districts are not recognized internationally as part of Israel. Districts are further divided into fifteen sub-districts known as "nafot" ( ; singular: "nafa"), which are themselves partitioned into fifty natural regions.

Question: How many sub-districts are there?
Answer: fifteen
Paula Abdul
Paula Julie Abdul (born June 19, 1962) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality. She began her career as a cheerleader for the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 18 and later became the head choreographer for the Laker Girls, where she was discovered by The Jacksons. After choreographing music videos for Janet Jackson, Abdul became a choreographer at the height of the music video era and soon thereafter she was signed to Virgin Records. Her debut studio album "Forever Your Girl" (1988) became one of the most successful debut albums at that time, selling 7 million copies in the United States and setting a record for the most number-one singles from a debut album on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart: "Straight Up", "Forever Your Girl", "Cold Hearted", and "Opposites Attract". Her six number one singles on the "Billboard" Hot 100 tie her with Diana Ross for seventh among the female solo performers who have topped the chart.
Paula Abdul
Abdul was one of the original judges on the television series "American Idol" from 2002 to 2009, and has since appeared as a judge on "The X Factor", "Live to Dance", and "So You Think You Can Dance". Notably, she received choreography credits in numerous films, including "Can't Buy Me Love" (1987), "The Running Man" (1987), "Big" (1988), "Coming to America" (1988), "Action Jackson" (1988), "The Doors" (1991), "Jerry Maguire" (1996), and "American Beauty" (1999). She has received five MTV Video Music Award nominations, winning twice, as well as receiving the Grammy Award for Best Music Video for "Opposites Attract" in 1991. She received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Choreography twice for her work on "The Tracey Ullman Show", and her own performance at the American Music Awards in 1990. Abdul was honored with her own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and is the first entertainer to be honored with the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards' Hall of Fame Award.
Thunderpuss
Thunderpuss was the (mainly dance) remix/production team of Los Angeles-based music producers Barry Harris and Chris Cox. Harris had previously worked as part of several music groups including Kon Kan, Top Kat, Killer Bunnies and Outta Control and had also released several solo singles himself. Cox, a musician and DJ, had also worked for years as a DJ and producer, producing a megamix of Paula Abdul songs, among other things, and started his own record label, Interhit Records, with Jeff Johnson.

Question: Which "Opposites Attract" singer, did the production team "Thunderpuss" make a megamix of?
Answer: Paula Abdul
Cardinal (Catholic Church)
At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals". Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he was the last surviving cardinal who was not at least ordained a priest. With the revision of the Code of Canon Law promulgated in 1917 by Pope Benedict XV, only those who are already priests or bishops may be appointed cardinals. Since the time of Pope John XXIII a priest who is appointed a cardinal must be consecrated a bishop, unless he obtains a dispensation.

Question: What did the Code of Canon Law state in regards to Cardinals?
Answer: only those who are already priests or bishops may be appointed cardinals
Alloy
The introduction of the blast furnace to Europe in the Middle Ages meant that people could produce pig iron in much higher volumes than wrought iron. Because pig iron could be melted, people began to develop processes to reduce carbon in liquid pig iron to create steel. Puddling had been used in China since the first century, and was introduced in Europe during the 1700s, where molten pig iron was stirred while exposed to the air, to remove the carbon by oxidation. In 1858, Henry Bessemer developed a process of steel-making by blowing hot air through liquid pig iron to reduce the carbon content. The Bessemer process led to the first large scale manufacture of steel.

Question: When did puddling start occurring?
Answer: 1700s
Captain America: The Winter Soldier
Captain America: The Winter Soldier is a 2014 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Captain America, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to "" (2011) and the ninth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was directed by Anthony and Joe Russo from a screenplay by the writing team of Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely. It stars Chris Evans as Steve Rogers / Captain America alongside Scarlett Johansson, Sebastian Stan, Anthony Mackie, Cobie Smulders, Frank Grillo, Emily VanCamp, Hayley Atwell, Robert Redford, and Samuel L. Jackson. In the film, Captain America joins forces with Black Widow and Falcon to uncover a conspiracy within the spy agency S.H.I.E.L.D. while facing a mysterious assassin known as the Winter Soldier.
Captain America: The Winter Soldier
Markus and McFeely began writing the sequel around the release of "The First Avenger" in July 2011. The script draws from the Winter Soldier story arc in the comic books written by Ed Brubaker as well as conspiracy fiction from the 1970s such as "Three Days of the Condor" (1975). The film explores S.H.I.E.L.D., similarly to how the first film explored the U.S. military, after Rogers was shown working for the agency in the MCU crossover film "The Avengers" (2012). The Russo brothers signed to direct in June 2012 and casting began the following month. Filming began in April 2013 in Los Angeles, California, before moving to Washington, D.C., and Cleveland, Ohio. The directors used practical effects and intense stunt work, but also 2,500 visual effects shots created by six companies.
Black Widow (Natasha Romanova)
Natalia Alianovna "Natasha" Romanova (Russian: Наталья Альяновна "Наташа" Романова; alias: Natasha Romanoff; Russian: Наташа Романоф), colloquial: Black Widow ( ; transliterated "Chyornaya Vdova") is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by editor and plotter Stan Lee, scripter Don Rico, and artist Don Heck, the character debuted in "Tales of Suspense" #52 (April 1964). The character was introduced as a Russian spy, an antagonist of the superhero Iron Man. She later defected to the United States, becoming an agent of the fictional spy agency S.H.I.E.L.D. and a member of the superhero team the Avengers.

Question: Who does Natasha Romanoff and Captain America join forces with in Captain America: The Winter Soldier?
Answer: Falcon
Jackson Square (New Orleans)
Jackson Square is a historic park in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960, for its central role in the city's history, and as the site where in 1803 Louisiana was made United States territory pursuant to the Louisiana Purchase. In 2012 the American Planning Association designated Jackson Square as one of the Great Public Spaces in the United States.
The Presbytere
The Presbytère is an architecturally important building in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana. It stands facing Jackson Square, adjacent to the St. Louis Cathedral. Built in 1791 as a matching structure for the Cabildo, which flanks the cathedral on the other side, it is one of the nation's best examples of formal colonial Spanish architecture (with many neo-Renaissance elements). It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970, and is now a property of the Louisiana State Museum.

Question: The structure which faces The Presbytere was declared a National Historic Landmark in what year?
Answer: 1960
Miffy
Miffy ( , pronounced ] ) is a small female rabbit in a series of picture books drawn and written by Dutch artist Dick Bruna. The original Dutch name, "Nijntje", is a shortening of the diminutive "konijntje", "little rabbit".
Liu Ye (artist)
Liu Ye (; born in 1964) is a Beijing-based contemporary Chinese painter known for his bright-hued paintings of childlike female figures, his favorite cartoon character Miffy the bunny and works inspired by Piet Mondrian. Liu Ye is part of a generation of artists who grew up during the Cultural Revolution. However, unlike most acclaimed Chinese contemporary art, his works have little political implications. Instead, he prefers to use a universal language to depict his inner world. His work has been exhibited extensively in China, Europe and the United States.

Question: what is the name of the bunny cartoon charactercreated by a Dutch writer and that is the favorites of a contemporary Chinese painter?
Answer: Miffy
Oklahoma City
Tinker Air Force Base, in southeast Oklahoma City, is the largest military air depot in the nation; a major maintenance and deployment facility for the Navy and the Air Force, and the second largest military institution in the state (after Fort Sill in Lawton).

Question: What is the name of the largest military base in the nation?
Answer: Tinker Air Force Base
Raleigh, North Carolina
Midtown Raleigh is a residential and commercial area just North of the I-440 Beltline and is part of North Raleigh. It is roughly framed by Glenwood/Creedmoor Road to the West, Wake Forest Road to the East, and Millbrook Road to the North. It includes shopping centers such as North Hills and Crabtree Valley Mall. It also includes North Hills Park and part of the Raleigh Greenway System. The term was coined by the Greater Raleigh Chamber of Commerce, developer John Kane and planning director Mitchell Silver. The "News & Observer" newspaper started using the term for marketing purposes only. The Midtown Raleigh Alliance was founded on July 25, 2011 as a way for community leaders to promote the area.

Question: When was the Midtown Raleigh Alliance formed?
Answer: July 25, 2011
Lemington Power Station
Lemington Power Station was a small, now demolished coal-fired power station, located in North East England. It was situated on the Lemington Gut, a backwater of the River Tyne, at Lemington, 3.5 mi west of Newcastle upon Tyne. The station's main building stood until 2017 as a rare example of an early power station, dating from before the nationalisation of the United Kingdom's electrical supply industry.
River Tyne
The River Tyne is a river in North East England and its length (excluding tributaries) is 118 km . It is formed by the confluence of two rivers: the North Tyne and the South Tyne. These two rivers converge at Warden Rock near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

Question: Which power station is located on the backwater of "The Meeting of Waters"?
Answer: Lemington Power Station
The Rookie (2002 film)
The Rookie is a 2002 American sports drama film directed by John Lee Hancock and produced by Walt Disney Pictures. It is based on the true story of Jim Morris, who had a brief, but famous Major League Baseball career in 1999–2000. The film stars Dennis Quaid, Rachel Griffiths, Jay Hernandez, and Brian Cox.
Slow Turning
Slow Turning was singer-songwriter John Hiatt's ninth album, released in 1988. It provided Hiatt's only significant radio hit with the title track, which features the memorable line "I'm yelling at the kids in the back, 'cause they're banging like Charlie Watts". The single "Slow Turning" was also featured in the 2002 motion picture drama "The Rookie" which starred Dennis Quaid. "Feels Like Rain" was later covered by Buddy Guy on an album of the same name and was featured in the 2004 Kate Hudson movie "Raising Helen". Aaron Neville also covered "Feels Like Rain" on his 1991 album "Warm Your Heart". "Drive South" became a country hit for Suzy Bogguss in the early 1990s. "Icy Blue Heart" was covered by Emmylou Harris in her 1989 album "Bluebird", with backing vocals by Bonnie Raitt. Ilse DeLange recorded "It'll Come To You"" and "Feels Like Rain" on her live album "Dear John". During the barroom scene in the Film "Thelma and Louise", the band is playing "Tennessee Plates" (Charlie Sexton recorded the song for the soundtrack album).

Question: Who was the director of the 2002 motion picture drama which featured John Hiatt's "Slow Turning"?
Answer: John Lee Hancock
The Lion King (musical)
The Lion King is a musical based on the 1994 Walt Disney Animation Studios' animated feature film of the same name with music by Elton John, lyrics by Tim Rice, and book by Roger Allers and Irene Mecchi, along with additional music and lyrics by Lebo M, Mark Mancina, Jay Rifkin, Julie Taymor, and Hans Zimmer. Directed by Taymor, the musical features actors in animal costumes as well as giant, hollow puppets. The show is produced by Disney Theatrical Productions.
Nayo Wallace
Nayo Kamilah Wallace (born May 27, 1970), is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her roles on "Speed Racer" as Minx, scientist and girlfriend to Racer X and on the Hub Network's "" as the voice of "Harmony Bear" from its premiere on June 2, 2012 until December 8, 2012. She also portrayed the character of Sarabi in "The Lion King" on Broadway.

Question: Nayo Wallace portrayed the character of Sarabi in a musical directed by who ?
Answer: Julie Taymor
Ann Beattie
Ann Beattie (born September 8, 1947) is an American novelist and short story writer. She has received an award for excellence from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters and the PEN/Malamud Award for excellence in the short story form.
Ann Beattie
Born in Washington, D.C., Beattie grew up in Chevy Chase, Washington, D.C. and attended Woodrow Wilson High School. She holds an undergraduate degree from American University and a master's degree from the University of Connecticut.
Stephen R. Donaldson
Stephen Reeder Donaldson (born May 13, 1947) is an American fantasy, science fiction and mystery novelist, most famous for "The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant", his ten-novel fantasy series. His work is characterized by psychological complexity, conceptual abstractness, moral bleakness, and the use of an arcane vocabulary, and has attracted critical praise for its "imagination, vivid characterizations, and fast pace". He earned his bachelor's degree from The College of Wooster and a Master's degree from Kent State University. He currently resides in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Question: Do Ann Beattie and Stephen R. Donaldson both hold a master's degree from the same university?
Answer: no
Freemasonry
The bulk of Masonic ritual consists of degree ceremonies. Candidates for Freemasonry are progressively "initiated" into Freemasonry, first in the degree of Entered Apprentice. Some time later, in a separate ceremony, they will be "passed" to the degree of Fellowcraft, and finally they will be "raised" to the degree of Master Mason. In all of these ceremonies, the candidate is first obligated, then entrusted with passwords, signs and grips (secret handshakes) peculiar to his new rank. Another ceremony is the annual installation of the Master and officers of the Lodge. In some jurisdictions "Installed Master" is valued as a separate rank, with its own secrets to distinguish its members. In other jurisdictions, the grade is not recognised, and no inner ceremony conveys new secrets during the installation of a new Master of the Lodge.

Question: What is the first of degree ceremonies?
Answer: the degree of Entered Apprentice
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
On January 21, 1990, Rukh organized a 300 mi human chain between Kiev, Lviv, and Ivano-Frankivsk. Hundreds of thousands joined hands to commemorate the proclamation of Ukrainian independence in 1918 and the reunification of Ukrainian lands one year later (1919 Unification Act). On January 23, 1990, the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church held its first synod since its liquidation by the Soviets in 1946 (an act which the gathering declared invalid). On February 9, 1990, the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice officially registered Rukh. However, the registration came too late for Rukh to stand its own candidates for the parliamentary and local elections on March 4. At the 1990 elections of people's deputies to the Supreme Council ("Verkhovna Rada"), candidates from the Democratic Bloc won landslide victories in western Ukrainian oblasts. A majority of the seats had to hold run-off elections. On March 18, Democratic candidates scored further victories in the run-offs. The Democratic Bloc gained about 90 out of 450 seats in the new parliament.

Question: What country's independence were the chain members celebrating?
Answer: Ukrainian
Ulrich Walter
Prof. Dr. Ulrich Hans Walter (born February 9, 1954) is a German physicist/engineer and a former DFVLR astronaut.
Mirosław Hermaszewski
Mirosław Hermaszewski (born 15 September 1941) is a former Polish cosmonaut, fighter plane pilot, and retired Polish Air Force officer. He became the first, and to this day remains the only, Polish national in space when he flew aboard the Soviet Soyuz 30 spacecraft in 1978. He was the 89th human to reach outer space.

Question: Ulrich Walter and Mirosław Hermaszewski were both astronauts, which one was also a german physicist and engineer?
Answer: Ulrich
Jeon Ji-yoon
Jeon Ji-yoon (born October 15, 1990), better known mononymously as Jiyoon or by her stage name Jenyer, is a South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter and actress. She was previously a member of South Korean girl group 4Minute and its sub-group 2Yoon. She debuted as a solo artist on November 2, 2016, under the stage name Jenyer, with the release of her debut digital single, "I Do".
Ricky Ross (musician)
Richard Alexander "Ricky" Ross (born 22 December 1957) is a Scottish singer-songwriter and broadcaster. He is the lead singer of the rock band Deacon Blue.
Ricky Ross (musician)
Ross was born in Dundee, Scotland, in 1957 and attended the High School of Dundee, an independent school. Before the formation of Deacon Blue, he released a solo album "So Long Ago", on the Glasgow independent label Sticky Records. After the band's break-up in 1994, Ross resurrected his solo career and Epic released his second solo album "What You Are" in 1996. As Ross's first solo album "So Long Ago" was a minor release on a relatively minor label, "What You Are" became his first solo release on a major label and as such is generally regarded as his debut solo album for a major label.

Question: Are Ricky Ross and Jeon Ji-yoon both singers?
Answer: yes
Lionel Trilling
Lionel Mordecai Trilling (July 4, 1905 – November 5, 1975) was an American literary critic, short story writer, essayist, and teacher. He was one of the leading U.S. critics of the 20th century who traced the contemporary cultural, social, and political implications of literature. With his wife Diana Trilling (née Rubin), whom he married in 1929, he was a member of the New York Intellectuals and contributor to the "Partisan Review".
Larry Baker
Larry Joe Baker was an American college and professional football player. An offensive tackle, he played college football at Bowling Green State, and played professionally in the American Football League for the New York Titans in 1960.

Question: Were Larry Baker and Lionel Trilling from the same country?
Answer: yes
Richard Feynman
Richard Phillips Feynman ( ; May 11, 1918 – February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist, known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as his work in particle physics for which he proposed the parton model. For contributions to the development of quantum electrodynamics, Feynman received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 jointly with Julian Schwinger and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga.

Question: Feynman proposed a integral model in particle physics, what was it?
Answer: parton model
Zhejiang
Throughout history there have been a series of "lingua francas" in the area to allow for better communication. The dialects spoken in Hangzhou, Shaoxing, and Ningbo have taken on this role historically. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Mandarin, which is not mutually intelligible with any of the local dialects, has been promoted as the standard language of communication throughout China. As a result, most of the population now can, to some degree, speak and comprehend Mandarin and can code-switch when necessary. A majority of the population educated since 1978 can speak Mandarin. Urban residents tend to be more fluent in Mandarin than rural people. Nevertheless, a Zhejiang accent is detectable in almost everyone from the area communicating in Mandarin, and the home dialect remains an important part of the everyday lives and cultural identities of most Zhejiang residents.

Question: Throughout history there have been a series of what in the area to allow for better communication?
Answer: lingua francas
Time Lord (role-playing game)
Time Lord — Adventures through Time and Space is a "Doctor Who" role-playing game, written by Ian Marsh and Peter Darvill-Evans and published in 1991 by Virgin Publishing. This game is totally unrelated to the previously released "Doctor Who RPG" by FASA, having different and simpler mechanics that often seemed arbitrary. For example, the companion Polly is a secretary yet according to her statistics, she can hardly read or write.
Timelords (role-playing game)
TimeLords is a set of time travel role-playing games by Greg Porter and published by Blacksburg Tactical Research Center (BTRC). The first two editions used a custom d20-based game system; the 3rd and most recent edition uses either the "EABA" or "CORPS" systems from BTRC.

Question: TimeLords is a set of time travel role-playing games by who, none are related to the Doctor Who RPG, "Time Lord"?
Answer: Greg Porter
In Plain Sight (British TV series)
In Plain Sight is a Scottish television drama series covering the crimes committed by serial killer Peter Manuel in Lanarkshire, Scotland in the 1950s. The three-part series was first broadcast on ITV on 7 December 2016. The series is distributed worldwide by BBC Worldwide.
Peter Manuel
Peter Thomas Anthony Manuel (13 March 1927 – 11 July 1958) was an American-born Scottish serial killer who was convicted of murdering seven people across Lanarkshire and southern Scotland between 1956 and his arrest in January 1958, and is believed to have murdered two more. Prior to his arrest, the media nicknamed the unidentified killer "the Beast of Birkenshaw". Manuel was hanged at Glasgow's Barlinnie Prison; he was the second to last prisoner to die on the Barlinnie gallows.

Question: How many people were murdered by the serial killer featured in the drama series In Plain Sight?
Answer: seven