qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Infection
Resistance to infection (immunity) may be acquired following a disease, by asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen, by harboring an organism with a similar structure (crossreacting), or by vaccination. Knowledge of the protective antigens and specific acquired host immune factors is more complete for primary pathogens than for opportunistic pathogens.

Question: What is knowledge of protective antigens more complete for?
Answer: primary pathogens
Hanford Site
The Hanford Site is a decommissioned nuclear production complex operated by the United States federal government on the Columbia River in Benton County in the U.S. state of Washington. The site has been known by many names, including Hanford Project, Hanford Works, Hanford Engineer Works and Hanford Nuclear Reservation.
Hanford Site
Established in 1943 as part of the Manhattan Project in Hanford, south-central Washington, the site was home to the B Reactor, the first full-scale plutonium production reactor in the world. Plutonium manufactured at the site was used in the first nuclear bomb, tested at the Trinity site, and in Fat Man, the bomb detonated over Nagasaki, Japan.
Green Run
The "Green Run" was a secret U.S. Government release of radioactive fission products on December 2–3, 1949 at the Hanford Site plutonium production facility, located in Eastern Washington. Radioisotopes released at that time were supposed to be detected by U.S. Air Force reconnaissance. Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests to the U.S. Government have revealed some of the details of the experiment. Sources cite 5500 to of iodine-131 released, and an even greater amount of xenon-133. The radiation was distributed over populated areas and caused the cessation of intentional radioactive releases at Hanford until 1962, when more experiments commenced.

Question: The "Green Run" was a secret U.S. Government release of radioactive fission products during which date span, at the Hanford Site plutonium production facility?
Answer: December 2–3, 1949
History of India
The most significant event between the 7th and 11th centuries was the Tripartite struggle centred on Kannauj that lasted for more than two centuries between the Pala Empire, Rashtrakuta Empire, and Gurjara-Pratihara Empire. Southern India saw the rise of multiple imperial powers from the middle of the fifth century, most notably the Chalukya, Chola, Pallava, Chera, Pandyan, and Western Chalukya Empires. The Chola dynasty conquered southern India and successfully invaded parts of Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Bengal in the 11th century. In the early medieval period, Indian mathematics, including Hindu numerals, influenced the development of mathematics and astronomy in the Arab world.

Question: How long did the Tripartite struggle last?
Answer: two centuries
Allison Road (video game)
Allison Road is an unreleased first-person survival horror video game, that was being developed for Linux, Microsoft Windows and OS X by Lilith Ltd and formerly to be published by Team17. It was considered to be a spiritual successor to "P.T.", the playable teaser for the cancelled video game "Silent Hills". Before being funded by Team17, the game's development was fan-based. On 4 June 2016, the "Allison Road" Twitter account announced the game's cancellation. Two months later, on August 22, 2016 an announcement was made on the Twitter account indicating that work on the game had resumed. However, no further progress has been reported by the game's creators since.
P.T. (video game)
P.T. (initialism for "playable teaser") is a first-person psychological horror video game developed by Kojima Productions, under the pseudonym "7780s Studio", and published by Konami. The game was directed and designed by Hideo Kojima, in collaboration with film director Guillermo del Toro.

Question: Which group developed the first-person psychological horror video game that the upcoming first-person survival horror video game Allison Road is supposedly a spiritual successor to?
Answer: Kojima Productions
Bird migration
Migratory birds may use two electromagnetic tools to find their destinations: one that is entirely innate and another that relies on experience. A young bird on its first migration flies in the correct direction according to the Earth's magnetic field, but does not know how far the journey will be. It does this through a radical pair mechanism whereby chemical reactions in special photo pigments sensitive to short wavelengths are affected by the field. Although this only works during daylight hours, it does not use the position of the sun in any way. At this stage the bird is in the position of a Boy Scout with a compass but no map, until it grows accustomed to the journey and can put its other capabilities to use. With experience it learns various landmarks and this "mapping" is done by magnetites in the trigeminal system, which tell the bird how strong the field is. Because birds migrate between northern and southern regions, the magnetic field strengths at different latitudes let it interpret the radical pair mechanism more accurately and let it know when it has reached its destination. There is a neural connection between the eye and "Cluster N", the part of the forebrain that is active during migrational orientation, suggesting that birds may actually be able to "see" the magnetic field of the earth.

Question: How does the magnetic field help the bird at different latitudes?
Answer: let it know when it has reached its destination
Voices (1973 film)
Voices is a 1973 British horror film directed by Kevin Billington and starring David Hemmings, Gayle Hunnicutt and Lynn Farleigh based on the play by Richard Lortz.
David Hemmings
David Edward Leslie Hemmings (18 November 1941 – 3 December 2003) was an English actor, director, and film producer of film, television, and theatre. He co-founded the Hemdale Film Corporation in 1967.

Question: In what year was the actor who was starred in the 1973 film "Voices" with Gayle Hunnicutt and Lynn Farleigh born?
Answer: 1941
51st state
On May 15, 2013, Resident Commissioner Pierluisi introduced H.R. 2000 to Congress to "set forth the process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union", asking for Congress to vote on ratifying Puerto Rico as the 51st state. On February 12, 2014, Senator Martin Heinrich introduced a bill in the U.S. Senate. The bill would require a binding referendum to be held in Puerto Rico asking whether the territory wants to be admitted as a state. In the event of a yes vote, the president would be asked to submit legislation to Congress to admit Puerto Rico as a state.

Question: When was H.R. 2000 introduced?
Answer: On May 15, 2013
Super Mario Bros.
"Super Mario Bros." is frequently cited as one of the greatest video games of all time, with praise on its precise controls. It is one of the bestselling games of all time, with more than 40 million physical copies. It is credited alongside the NES as one of the key factors in reviving the video game industry after the 1983 crash, and helped popularize the side-scrolling platform game genre. Koji Kondo's soundtrack is one of the earliest and most popular in video games, making music into a centerpiece of game design. The game inspired an expansive franchise including a long-running game series, an animated television series, and a feature film. Re-releases and cameos of the game are on most of Nintendo's following systems. Alongside Mario himself, "Super Mario Bros." has become prominent in popular culture.
Super Mario Bros.
In "Super Mario Bros.", the player takes on the role of Mario, the protagonist of the series. Mario's younger brother, Luigi, is controlled by the second player in the game's multiplayer mode and assumes the same plot role and functionality as Mario. The objective is to race through the Mushroom Kingdom, survive the main antagonist Bowser's forces, and save Princess Toadstool. The game is a side-scrolling platformer; the player moves from the left side of the screen to the right side in order to reach the flag pole at the end of each level.
Goomba
Goombas , known in Japan as , are a species of brown mushrooms from Nintendo's "Mario" franchise. They first appeared in the NES video game "Super Mario Bros." as the first enemy players encounter. They have appeared outside video games, including in film, television, and other media. They are usually brown and are most commonly seen walking around aimlessly, often as an obstacle, in video games. They were included late in the development of "Super Mario Bros." as a simple, easy to defeat enemy.

Question: What type of food are the Goombas from the popular 80s Nintendo games?
Answer: mushrooms
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Up to 2013, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation provided $71 million to Planned Parenthood and affiliated organizations. In 2014, Melinda Gates has stated that the foundation "has decided not to fund abortion", focusing instead on family planning and contraception in order to avoid conflation of abortion and family planning. In response to questions about this decision, Gates stated in a June 2014 blog post that "[she], like everyone else, struggle[s] with the issue" and that "the emotional and personal debate about abortion is threatening to get in the way of the lifesaving consensus regarding basic family planning". Since this time, their endeavors have shifted to a more global perspective, focusing on voluntary family planning and maternal and newborn health.

Question: WHy did they decide not to fund abortion
Answer: the emotional and personal debate about abortion is threatening to get in the way of the lifesaving consensus regarding basic family planning
Space Race
The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named "Eagle", and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module "Columbia", began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload alarms caused by an antenna switch left in the wrong position, and a slight downrange error, Armstrong took over manual flight control at about 180 m , and guided the Lunar Module to a safe landing spot at 20:18:04 UTC, July 20, 1969 (3:17:04 pm CDT). The first humans on the Moon waited six hours before they left their craft. At 02:56 UTC, July 21 (9:56 pm CDT July 20), Armstrong became the first human to set foot on the Moon.

Question: Who was the first human to take a step on the Moon?
Answer: Armstrong
Charleston, South Carolina
As many as five bands were on tour during the 1920s. The Jenkins Orphanage Band played in the inaugural parades of Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Taft and toured the US and Europe. The band also played on Broadway for the play "Porgy" by DuBose and Dorothy Heyward, a stage version of their novel of the same title. The story was based in Charleston and featured the Gullah community. The Heywards insisted on hiring the real Jenkins Orphanage Band to portray themselves on stage. Only a few years later, DuBose Heyward collaborated with George and Ira Gershwin to turn his novel into the now famous opera, "Porgy and Bess" (so named so as to distinguish it from the play). George Gershwin and Heyward spent the summer of 1934 at Folly Beach outside of Charleston writing this "folk opera", as Gershwin called it. "Porgy and Bess" is considered the Great American Opera and is widely performed.

Question: Where did Gershwin and Heyward write their folk opera?
Answer: Folly Beach outside of Charleston
Hong-Chih Kuo
Hong-Chih Kuo (; born July 23, 1981 in Tainan, Taiwan) is a Taiwanese retired professional baseball pitcher who last pitched for the Fubon Guardians of the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). He had previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Uni-President 7-Eleven Lions in CPBL. When Kuo made his debut in 2005, he became the fourth MLB player from Taiwan (after Chin-Feng Chen, Chin-hui Tsao, and Chien-Ming Wang).
Chien-Ming Wang
Chien-Ming Wang (; born March 31, 1980) is a Taiwanese former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, Washington Nationals, Toronto Blue Jays and Kansas City Royals. He also played for the Taiwan national baseball team, and is the current bullpen coach and assistant pitching coach.

Question: Which of the other MLB player from Taiwan before Hong-Chih Kuo was born on March 31, 1980?
Answer: Chien-Ming Wang
Political party
Political color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those colors; they were used in news coverage of the 2000 election results and ensuing legal battle and caught on in popular usage. Prior to the 2000 election the media typically alternated which color represented which party each presidential election cycle. The color scheme happened to get inordinate attention that year, so the cycle was stopped lest it cause confusion the following election.

Question: In what year did the occurrence of using different color schemes for the parties stop?
Answer: 2000
Face/Off
Face/Off is a 1997 American action film directed by John Woo, written by Mike Werb and Michael Colleary, and starring John Travolta and Nicolas Cage. Travolta plays an FBI agent and Cage plays a terrorist, sworn enemies who assume each other's physical appearance.
Gina Gershon
Gina L. Gershon (born June 10, 1962) is an American actress, singer, and author. She has had roles in the films "Cocktail" (1988), "Red Heat" (1988), "Showgirls" (1995), "Bound" (1996), "Face/Off" (1997), "The Insider" (1999), "Demonlover" (2002), "P.S. I Love You" (2007), "Five Minarets in New York" (2010), "Killer Joe" (2011) and "House of Versace" (2013). She has also had supporting roles in FX's "Rescue Me" and HBO's "How to Make It in America". She currently portrays the role of Gladys Jones on The CW teen drama series "Riverdale".

Question: which American science fiction action film did Gina L. Gershon known for 
Answer: Face/Off
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Doubts remained over whether the Belavezha Accords had legally dissolved the Soviet Union, since they were signed by only three republics. However, on December 21, 1991, representatives of 11 of the 12 remaining republics – all except Georgia – signed the Alma-Ata Protocol, which confirmed the dissolution of the Union and formally established the CIS. They also "accepted" Gorbachev's resignation. While Gorbachev hadn't made any formal plans to leave the scene yet, he did tell CBS News that he would resign as soon as he saw that the CIS was indeed a reality.

Question: What did the Protocol establish?
Answer: CIS
Dutch language
Standard Dutch uses three genders to differentiate between natural gender and three when discerning grammatical gender. But for most non-Belgian speakers, the masculine and feminine genders have merged to form the common gender (de), while the neuter (het) remains distinct as before. This gender system is similar to those of most Continental Scandinavian languages. As in English, but to a lesser degree, the inflectional grammar of the language (e.g., adjective and noun endings) has simplified over time.

Question: In its simplified inflectional grammar, what language is Dutch similar to?
Answer: English
Andre Thysse
Andre Thysse (born 7 February 1968 in Germiston) is a South African professional super middle/light heavyweight boxer of the 1990s and 2000s who won the Gauteng super middleweight Title, South African super middleweight title, and Commonwealth super middleweight title, and was a challenger for the International Boxing Organization (IBO) super middleweight title against Brian Magee, World Boxing Council (WBC) super middleweight title against Markus Beyer, World Boxing Council (WBC) International super middleweight title against Mikkel Kessler, WBC International super middleweight title against Jürgen Brähmer, World Boxing Council (WBC) Continental Americas super middleweight title against Lucian Bute, World Boxing Council (WBC) International light heavyweight title against Adrian Diaconu, and International Boxing Federation (IBF) Australasian super middleweight title against Sakio Bika, his professional fighting weight varied from 163+3/4 lb , i.e. super middleweight to 175 lb , i.e. light heavyweight.
Sakio Bika
Sakio Bika (born 18 April 1979) is a Cameroonian-Australian professional boxer. He held the WBC super-middleweight title from 2013 to 2014, and previously the IBO super-middleweight title from 2008 to 2010. In 2015 he challenged once for the unified light-heavyweight world title, and in 2007 won the third season of "The Contender" reality TV series.

Question: Which reality TV series did Andre Thysse's opponent in his IBF Australasian super middleweight title fight, win?
Answer: The Contender
Seattle
Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century, the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. Growth after World War II was partially due to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed into a technology center from the 1980s onwards with companies like Microsoft becoming established in the region; Microsoft founder Bill Gates is a Seattleite by birth. Internet retailer Amazon was founded in Seattle in 1994, and major airline Alaska Airlines is based in SeaTac, Washington, serving Seattle's international airport, Seattle–Tacoma International Airport. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, which increased the city's population by almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000. Owing largely to its rapidly increasing population in the 21st century, Seattle and the state of Washington have some of the highest minimum wages in the country, at $15 per hour for smaller businesses and $16 for the city's largest employers.

Question: To what golden event was Seattle the portal?
Answer: Klondike Gold Rush
Cheatin' (song)
"Cheatin'" is a song written by Brett James and Don Schlitz and recorded by American country music artist Sara Evans. It was released in October 2005 as the second single from Evans’ 2005 album "Real Fine Place". The song peaked at number 9 on the US "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart in early 2006. The song was later included on Evans' "Greatest Hits" album.
Sara Evans
Sara Lynn Evans ( ; born February 5, 1971) is an American country music singer and songwriter.

Question: The artist who recorded the October 2005 song Cheatin' was born in what month?
Answer: February
Atlantic City, New Jersey
In May 1929, Johnson hosted a conference for organized crime figures from all across America that created a National Crime Syndicate. The men who called this meeting were Masseria family lieutenant Charles "Lucky" Luciano and former Chicago South Side Gang boss Johnny "the Fox" Torrio, with heads of the Bugs and Meyer Mob, Meyer Lansky and Benjamin Siegel, being used as muscle for the meeting. Gangster and businessman Al Capone attended the conference and was photographed walking along the Atlantic City boardwalk with Johnson.

Question: What family was Charles 
Answer: Charles "Lucky" Luciano and former Chicago South Side Gang boss Johnny "the Fox" Torrio
Ashkenazi Jews
Outside of their origins in ancient Israel, the history of Ashkenazim is shrouded in mystery, and many theories have arisen speculating on their emergence as a distinct community of Jews. The best supported theory is the one that details a Jewish migration from Israel through what is now Italy and other parts of southern Europe. The historical record attests to Jewish communities in southern Europe since pre-Christian times. Many Jews were denied full Roman citizenship until Emperor Caracalla granted all free peoples this privilege in 212. Jews were required to pay a poll tax until the reign of Emperor Julian in 363. In the late Roman Empire, Jews were free to form networks of cultural and religious ties and enter into various local occupations. But, after Christianity became the official religion of Rome and Constantinople in 380, Jews were increasingly marginalized.

Question: The historical record attests to Jewish communities in southern Europe since what time?
Answer: pre-Christian times
Birthday (Beatles song)
"Birthday" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1968 double album "The Beatles" (also known as "the White Album"). Written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, it is the opening track on the third side of the LP (or the second disc in CD versions of the record). Surviving Beatles Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr performed it for Starr's 70th birthday at Radio City Music Hall on 7 July 2010.
Underground Sunshine
Underground Sunshine was an American psychedelic rock band from Montello, Wisconsin. The group's only hit single came in 1969 with their cover of The Beatles' song, "Birthday".

Question: Underground Sunshine's only hit single was their cover of a Beatles song from which album?
Answer: the White Album
Indiana University
Indiana University (IU) is a system of public universities in the state of Indiana. Indiana University has a combined student body of more than 110,000 students, which includes approximately 46,000 students enrolled at the Indiana University Bloomington campus.
Indiana University
Indiana University has two core campuses and seven regional campuses. Each one of the campuses is an accredited, four-year degree-granting institution.
University of Washington
The University of Washington (UW, simply Washington, or informally U-Dub) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington, United States. Founded in 1861, Washington is one of the oldest universities on the West Coast; it was established in downtown Seattle approximately a decade after the city's founding to aid its economic development. Today, the university's 703-acre main Seattle campus is in the University District above the Montlake Cut, within the urban Puget Sound region of the Pacific Northwest. The university has additional campuses in Tacoma and Bothell. Overall, UW encompasses over 500 buildings and over 20 million gross square footage of space, including one of the largest library systems in the world with more than 26 university libraries, as well as the UW Tower, lecture halls, art centers, museums, laboratories, stadiums, and conference centers. The university offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees through 140 departments in various colleges and schools, sees a total student enrollment of roughly 46,000 annually, and functions on a quarter system.

Question: Between Indiana University and University of Washington, which institution has more campuses?
Answer: Indiana University
Germans
The work of David Hilbert, Max Planck and Albert Einstein was crucial to the foundation of modern physics, which Werner Heisenberg and Erwin Schrödinger developed further. They were preceded by such key physicists as Hermann von Helmholtz and Joseph von Fraunhofer, among others. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays, an accomplishment that made him the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. The Walhalla temple for "laudable and distinguished Germans", features a number of scientists, and is located east of Regensburg, in Bavaria.

Question: Who won the first Nobel Prize in Physics?
Answer: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Daniel Van Buyten
Daniel Van Buyten (] ; born 7 February 1978) is a Belgian former footballer who played as a centre back. Nicknamed "Big Dan", Van Buyten was known for his uncompromising style of play, exploiting both his physical strength and aerial ability.
2002–03 Olympique de Marseille season
Olympique de Marseille almost won the French League for the first time in 11 years, having a remarkable run to third place, having only scored five goals more than it conceded. The most praised player was central defender Daniel Van Buyten, who was able to tighten up the defence, and also helping out with scoring several important goals. Without Marseille's goalscoring woes, it could have sustained a more serious title assault. Therefore it signed late-blooming starlet Didier Drogba from En Avant Guingamp, a move that was set to be among the best financial deals in the clubs' history.

Question: how is 2002–03 Olympique de Marseille season and Daniel Van Buyten connected?
Answer: play
Joseph Bottomley
Joseph Bottomley (1786–1861), was an English musician. He was born at Halifax in Yorkshire in 1786. His parentage is not recorded, but his musical education was begun at a very early age; when only seven years old he played a violin concerto in public. At the age of twelve he was sent to Manchester, where he studied under John Grimshaw (1765?-1819), organist of St. John's Church, and Watts, the leader of the concerts. Under Watts's direction he at the same time carried on his violin studies with Yaniewicz, then resident in Manchester.
Yorkshire
Yorkshire ( ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform. Throughout these changes, Yorkshire has continued to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region. The name is familiar and well understood across the United Kingdom and is in common use in the media and the military, and also features in the titles of current areas of civil administration such as North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire and East Riding of Yorkshire.

Question: What instrument did the famous English musician born in the historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom play?
Answer: violin
High-definition television
In 1983, the International Telecommunication Union's radio telecommunications sector (ITU-R) set up a working party (IWP11/6) with the aim of setting a single international HDTV standard. One of the thornier issues concerned a suitable frame/field refresh rate, the world already having split into two camps, 25/50 Hz and 30/60 Hz, largely due to the differences in mains frequency. The IWP11/6 working party considered many views and throughout the 1980s served to encourage development in a number of video digital processing areas, not least conversion between the two main frame/field rates using motion vectors, which led to further developments in other areas. While a comprehensive HDTV standard was not in the end established, agreement on the aspect ratio was achieved.

Question: What did ITU-R start trying to do in 1983?
Answer: setting a single international HDTV standard
The Mist (TV series)
The Mist is an American science fiction-horror thriller television series developed by Christian Torpe. It is based on the 1980 horror novella of the same name by author Stephen King. The series aired for one 10-episode season on Spike from June 22 to August 24, 2017. On September 27, 2017, Spike cancelled the series.
Alexandra Ordolis
Alexandra Ordolis (born July 9, 1986) is a Greek-Canadian actress best known for playing Sister Delphine on the 2015 TV series "Reign", Shelly in "The Mist" (2017), Ollie in "" (2018) and

Question: Alexandra Ordolis played the character Shelly in a tv series based on a novel by what author?
Answer: Stephen King
Meryl Davis
Meryl Davis (born January 1, 1987) is an American ice dancer. With partner Charlie White, she is the 2014 Olympic champion, the 2010 Olympic silver medalist, a two-time (2011, 2013) World champion, five-time Grand Prix Final champion (2009–2013), three-time Four Continents champion (2009, 2011, 2013) and six-time U.S. national champion (2009–2014). They also won a bronze medal in the team event at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
Maksim Chmerkovskiy
Maksim "Maks" Aleksandrovich Chmerkovskiy ( ] ; born January 17, 1980) is a Ukrainian-American Latin–ballroom dance champion, choreographer, and instructor. He is widely known as one of the professional dancers on the American television series "Dancing with the Stars", on which he first appeared in season two. In his 17 seasons as a competing pro on the show, Chmerkovskiy made it to the final round five times, with two runner-up and two third-place finishes. On May 20, 2014, Chmerkovskiy, paired with Olympic ice dancer Meryl Davis, won his first "Dancing with the Stars" title. Chmerkovskiy has also starred in the Broadway productions of dance shows "Burn the Floor" and "Forever Tango".

Question: Maksim "Maks" Aleksandrovich Chmerkovskiy, is a Ukrainian-American Latin–ballroom dance champion, choreographer, and instructor, on which date, Chmerkovskiy, paired with Meryl Elizabeth Davis, an American multi Olympic ice dancer, who won his first "Dancing with the Stars" title?
Answer: May 20, 2014
Alexander Graham Bell
Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life, he also received dozens of major awards, medals, and other tributes. These included statuary monuments to both him and the new form of communication his telephone created, including the Bell Telephone Memorial erected in his honor in "Alexander Graham Bell Gardens" in Brantford, Ontario, in 1917.

Question: In what city was the Bell Telephone Memorial constructed?
Answer: Brantford
Florida
The climate of Florida is tempered somewhat by the fact that no part of the state is distant from the ocean. North of Lake Okeechobee, the prevalent climate is humid subtropical (Köppen: "Cfa"), while areas south of the lake (including the Florida Keys) have a true tropical climate (Köppen: "Aw"). Mean high temperatures for late July are primarily in the low 90s Fahrenheit (32–34 °C). Mean low temperatures for early to mid January range from the low 40s Fahrenheit (4–7 °C) in north Florida to above 60 °F from Miami on southward. With an average daily temperature of 70.7 °F , it is the warmest state in the U.S.

Question: What are Florida's Mean temperatures in  late July 
Answer: Mean high temperatures for late July are primarily in the low 90s
MP3
On 7 July 1994, the Fraunhofer Society released the first software MP3 encoder, called l3enc. The filename extension ".mp3" was chosen by the Fraunhofer team on 14 July 1995 (previously, the files had been named ".bit"). With the first real-time software MP3 player WinPlay3 (released 9 September 1995) many people were able to encode and play back MP3 files on their PCs. Because of the relatively small hard drives of the era (≈500–1000 MB) lossy compression was essential to store multiple albums' worth of music on a home computer as full recordings (as opposed to MIDI notation, or tracker files which combined notation with short recordings of instruments playing single notes). As sound scholar Jonathan Sterne notes, "An Australian hacker acquired l3enc using a stolen credit card. The hacker then reverse-engineered the software, wrote a new user interface, and redistributed it for free, naming it "thank you Fraunhofer"".

Question: How much did the new released program by the hacker cost?
Answer: free
Odds BK
Odds Ballklubb, commonly known as Odd, is a Norwegian football club from Skien. Originally the football section of a multi-sports club, founded in 1894 nine years after the club's founding. All sports other than football were discontinued and the club became dedicated to football only. Odd plays in the Norwegian top division, Eliteserien, and holds the record of winning the Norwegian Football Cup the most times with twelve wins, the last coming in 2000. The club was known as Odd Grenland between 1994 and 2012. Founded in 1894, Odd is the oldest football club in Norway. As of 13 May 2017 the club was granted a membership in Club of Pioneers. It then became the first Nordic football club to be granted this membership.
Oddrane
Oddrane (Actually ODD'rane supporterklubb) is the official Odds BK supporters club, with approximately 1000 members (by December 2015). The club was founded autumn 1998, as Odd promoted to the top division for the first time since the sixties. Supporter clubs had existed before, and Oddrane took over after that the predecessor "Den hvite skare" discontinued.

Question: Oddrane is the offical supporters club for a Norwegian football club from what city?
Answer: Skien
Tucson, Arizona
The expansive area northwest of the city limits is diverse, ranging from the rural communities of Catalina and parts of the town of Marana, the small suburb of Picture Rocks, the affluent town of Oro Valley in the western foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains, and residential areas in the northeastern foothills of the Tucson Mountains. Continental Ranch (Marana), Dove Mountain (Marana), and Rancho Vistoso (Oro Valley), and Saddlebrooke (N. Oro Valley) are all masterplanned communities in the Northwest that have thousands of residents.

Question: Where is the Continental Ranch planned community?
Answer: Marana
FC Barcelona
FC Barcelona had a successful start in regional and national cups, competing in the Campionat de Catalunya and the Copa del Rey. In 1902, the club won its first trophy, the Copa Macaya, and participated in the first Copa del Rey, losing 1–2 to Bizcaya in the final. In 1908, Hans Gamper – now known as Joan Gamper – became club president in a desperate attempt to save Barcelona from extinction, finding the club struggling not just on the pitch, but also financially and socially, after not winning a competition since the Campionat de Catalunya in 1905. He said in a meeting, "Barcelona cannot die and must not die. If there is nobody who is going to try, then I will assume the responsibility of running the club from now on." Club president on five separate occasions between 1908 and 1925, he spent 25 years in total at the helm. One of his main achievements was ensuring Barça acquire its own stadium and thus generate a stable income.

Question: Why did Gamper want Barcelona to acquire a stadium of its own?
Answer: stable income
Treasure Island Hotel and Casino
Treasure Island Hotel and Casino (also known as Treasure Island Las Vegas and "TI") is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, USA with 2,884 rooms and 220 suites, and is connected by tram to The Mirage as well as pedestrian bridge to the Fashion Show Mall shopping center. It is owned and operated by Phil Ruffin.
Sirens of TI
The Sirens of TI was a free nightly show provided by the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The show entailed a group of sensual and tempting sirens engaging with a band of renegade pirates led by the infamous Blackbeard.

Question: What casino is connected by tram to the hotel that featured the free show Sirens of TI?
Answer: The Mirage
Frédéric Chopin
From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: "I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much." He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Érard's on 1 March 1843. Late in 1844, Charles Hallé visited Chopin and found him "hardly able to move, bent like a half-opened penknife and evidently in great pain", although his spirits returned when he started to play the piano for his visitor. Chopin's health continued to deteriorate, particularly from this time onwards. Modern research suggests that apart from any other illnesses, he may also have suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy.

Question: When did Chopin show signs of serious illness?
Answer: From 1842 onwards
Andrew Montgomery
Andrew Montgomery is a Scottish singer who is best known as a member of the Aberdeen indie rock band Geneva, who rose to fame in the 90s.
Justin Timberlake
Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981), occasionally known by his initials JT, is an American singer, songwriter, actor, and record producer. Raised in Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows "Star Search" and "The All-New Mickey Mouse Club" as a child. In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time. Timberlake won two Grammy Awards for his R&B-focused debut solo album "Justified" (2002) and its single "Cry Me a River". Another single from the album, "Rock Your Body", was also successful. 
Justin Timberlake
His critically acclaimed sophomore album "FutureSex/LoveSounds" (2006), characterized by its diversity in music genres, debuted atop the U.S. "Billboard" 200 and produced the Hot 100 number-one singles "SexyBack", "My Love", and "What Goes Around... Comes Around". Established as a solo artist worldwide, his first two albums both exceeded sales of 10 million copies, and he continued producing records and collaborating with other artists. From 2008 through 2012, Timberlake focused on his acting career, effectively putting his music career on hiatus. He held starring roles in the films "The Social Network", "Bad Teacher", "Friends with Benefits", and "In Time".

Question: Are Justin Timberlake and Andrew Montgomery both singers?
Answer: yes
Uncle Kracker
Matthew Shafer (born June 6, 1974), also known by his stage name Uncle Kracker, is an American singer-songwriter and musician known for his country and rock music. He was a turntablist for Kid Rock's backing group Twisted Brown Trucker and since 1999 has recorded as a solo artist. His singles "Follow Me" and "Drift Away" were top 10 hits on the "Billboard" Hot 100.
Drift Away
"Drift Away" is a song by Mentor Williams written in 1970. it was recorded by Clarence Carter on his 1970 album "Patches" and by John Henry Kurtz on his 1972 album "Reunion". Mentor Williams was a country songwriter, and John Henry Kurtz was an actor and swamp rock singer. It was later given to soul singer Dobie Gray for whom it became a surprise international hit; and the best known version. In 1973 the song became Dobie Gray's biggest hit, peaking at #5 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and certified gold by the RIAA. It was the final pop hit for Decca Records in the United States.

Question: Uncle Kracker created a cover of the song that was originally recorded in 1972 by whom?
Answer: John Henry Kurtz
FC Barcelona
A month after the Spanish Civil War began in 1936, several players from Barcelona enlisted in the ranks of those who fought against the military uprising, along with players from Athletic Bilbao. On 6 August, Falangist soldiers near Guadarrama murdered club president Josep Sunyol, a representative of the pro-independence political party. He was dubbed the martyr of "barcelonisme", and his murder was a defining moment in the history of FC Barcelona and Catalan identity. In the summer of 1937, the squad was on tour in Mexico and the United States, where it was received as an ambassador of the Second Spanish Republic. The tour led to the financial security of the club, but also resulted in half of the team seeking asylum in Mexico and France, making it harder for the remaining team to contest for trophies.

Question: Who was murdered on 6 August, 1936?
Answer: Josep Sunyol
Colin Murray
Colin Murray (born Colin Wright on 10 March 1977) is a Northern Irish sports and music radio and television presenter. In 2010, he became host of BBC Television's "Match of the Day 2" on BBC Two, while still anchoring shows on BBC Radio 5 Live, including "5 Live Sport" and "Fighting Talk" and was still presenting on BBC Radio Ulster. He has previously hosted regular Channel 5 television and BBC Radio 1 shows. In 2007, he was named 'Music Broadcaster of the Year' at the Sony Radio Academy Awards.
Colin and Edith
Colin and Edith was a radio show broadcast on BBC Radio 1 until 12 August 2006, hosted by radio personalities Edith Bowman and Colin Murray. The show began in 2003 and was scheduled on the station's weekend morning shift. In April 2004, following the departure of Mark Radcliffe (radio broadcaster) and Marc Riley, the show was rescheduled to the weekday afternoon slot, from 13:00 to 16:00. Their last show together was part of Radio 1's "Six Weeks of Summer" on 12 August 2006. Colin moved on to his own evening speciality music show while Edith continued to present in the same time slot.

Question: Colin and Edith was hosted by Edith Bowman and another radio personality who won what award at the 2007 Sony Radio Academy Awards?
Answer: 'Music Broadcaster of the Year'
2012 Miami Marlins season
The 2012 Miami Marlins season was the 20th season for the Major League Baseball franchise. The Marlins moved into Marlins Park for the 2012 season; as part of the agreement, they changed their name from the "Florida Marlins" to the "Miami Marlins". They failed to make the playoffs for the 9th consecutive season.
Marlins Park
The stadium is designed in a neomodern form of baseball architecture. Marlins Park was also LEED certified as the greenest MLB park in 2012. The building is the sixth MLB stadium to have a retractable roof. With a seating capacity of 37,442, it is the third-smallest stadium in Major League Baseball by official capacity, and the smallest by actual capacity.

Question: What is the third-smallest stadium in Major League baseball first housing a Florida team for their 20th season in the MLB/
Answer: Marlins Park
Pete Ham
Peter William Ham (27 April 1947 – 24 April 1975) was a Welsh singer, songwriter and guitarist, best known as a lead vocalist of and composer for the 1970s rock band Badfinger, whose hit songs include "No Matter What", "Day After Day" and "Baby Blue". He also co-wrote the ballad "Without You", a worldwide number-one hit for Harry Nilsson that has become a standard covered by hundreds of artists. Ham was granted two Ivor Novello Awards related to the song in 1973.
Baby Blue (Badfinger song)
"Baby Blue" is a song by the Welsh band Badfinger from their 1971 album, "Straight Up." The song was written by Pete Ham, produced by Todd Rundgren, and released on Apple Records. Released as a single in the US in 1972, it went to No. 14 there. In 2013, the song was featured in the series finale of the television show "Breaking Bad". As a result, the song charted in the UK for the first time, reaching No. 73.

Question: Pete Ham who wrote "Baby Blue" from the series finale of "Breaking Bad" also co-wrote this world number one hit with Harry Nilsson?
Answer: Without You
Of Montreal
of Montreal is an American indie pop band from Athens, Georgia. It was founded by frontperson Kevin Barnes in 1996, named after a failed romance between Barnes and a woman "of Montreal." The band is identified as part of the Elephant 6 collective. Throughout its existence, of Montreal's musical style has evolved considerably and drawn inspiration from 1960s psychedelic pop acts.
Ima Robot
Ima Robot is an American band based in Los Angeles, California, United States, that formed in the late 1990s. The band's song, "Greenback Boogie", is the main theme song of the USA Network legal drama series "Suits".

Question: Are Ima Robot and Of Montreal music bands ?
Answer: yes
Ave Satani
"Ave Satani" is the theme song to the film "The Omen" (1976) composed by Jerry Goldsmith. "The Omen" won the Academy Award for Best Original Score, with "Ave Satani" nominated for Best Original Song, one of the few foreign language (Latin) songs ever to be nominated.
The Omen
The Omen is a 1976 American-British supernatural horror film directed by Richard Donner, written by David Seltzer, and starring Gregory Peck, Lee Remick, David Warner, Harvey Spencer Stephens, Billie Whitelaw, Patrick Troughton, Martin Benson, and Leo McKern. Its plot follows Damien Thorn, a young child replaced at birth by an American ambassador unbeknownst to his wife, after their biological child dies shortly after birth; as a series of mysterious events and violent deaths occur around the family as Damien enters childhood, they come to learn he is in fact the prophesied "666" Antichrist.
The Omen
Released theatrically by 20th Century Fox in June 1976, "The Omen" received mixed reviews from critics and was a commercial success, grossing over $60 million at the U.S. box office and becoming one of the highest-grossing films of 1976. The film earned two Oscar nominations, and won for Best Original Score for Jerry Goldsmith, his only Oscar win. A scene from the film appeared at #16 on Bravo's The 100 Scariest Movie Moments. The film spawned a franchise, starting with "", released two years later, followed by a third installment, "", in 1981, and in 1991 with "". A remake was released in 2006.

Question: Who directed the 1976 British-American supernatural horror film for which Jerry Goldsmith composed the theme song "Ave Satani?"
Answer: Richard Donner
Data compression
The strongest modern lossless compressors use probabilistic models, such as prediction by partial matching. The Burrows–Wheeler transform can also be viewed as an indirect form of statistical modelling. In a further refinement of the direct use of probabilistic modelling, statistical estimates can be coupled to an algorithm called arithmetic coding. Arithmetic coding is a more modern coding technique that uses the mathematical calculations of a finite-state machine to produce a string of encoded bits from a series of input data symbols. It can achieve superior compression compared to other techniques such as the better-known Huffman algorithm. It uses an internal memory state to avoid the need to perform a one-to-one mapping of individual input symbols to distinct representations that use an integer number of bits, and it clears out the internal memory only after encoding the entire string of data symbols. Arithmetic coding applies especially well to adaptive data compression tasks where the statistics vary and are context-dependent, as it can be easily coupled with an adaptive model of the probability distribution of the input data. An early example of the use of arithmetic coding was in an optional (but not widely used) feature of the JPEG image coding standard. It has since been applied in various other designs including H.263, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC and HEVC for video coding.

Question: What can achieve superior compression?
Answer: Arithmetic coding
Paris
During the 19th century, Paris was the home and subject for some of France's greatest writers, including Charles Baudelaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, Mérimée, Alfred de Musset, Marcel Proust, Émile Zola, Alexandre Dumas, Gustave Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant and Honoré de Balzac. Victor Hugo's "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" inspired the renovation of its setting, the Notre-Dame de Paris. Another of Victor Hugo's works, "Les Misérables", written while he was in exile outside France during the Second Empire, described the social change and political turmoil in Paris in the early 1830s. One of the most popular of all French writers, Jules Verne, worked at the Theatre Lyrique and the Paris stock exchange, while he did research for his stories at the National Library.

Question: During what period of time was Victor Hugo exiled from France?
Answer: Second Empire
Stephen Gaghan
Stephen Gaghan ( ; born May 6, 1965) is an American screenwriter and director. He is noted for writing the screenplay for Steven Soderbergh's film "Traffic", based on a Channel 4 series, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, as well as "Syriana" which he wrote and directed. He also wrote and directed the thriller "Abandon" and the family film "Dolittle", and directed the drama "Gold".
Abandon (film)
Abandon is a 2002 American psychological thriller drama film written and directed by Stephen Gaghan. It stars Katie Holmes as a college student whose boyfriend (Charlie Hunnam) disappeared two years previously. Despite being set at an American university, much of the movie was filmed in Canada at McGill University's McConnell Hall. It is based on the book "Adams Fall" by Sean Desmond. The book was re-titled "Abandon" for the movie tie-in paperback printing. The film co-stars Zooey Deschanel and Gabrielle Union, with Benjamin Bratt playing the detective investigating the boyfriend's disappearance. It received generally negative reviews.

Question: Who stars in the 2002 thriller drama film Abandon directed by Stephen Gaghan?
Answer: Katie Holmes