qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Seven Years' War
The French planned to invade the British Isles during 1759 by accumulating troops near the mouth of the Loire and concentrating their Brest and Toulon fleets. However, two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Mediterranean fleet under Jean-François de La Clue-Sabran was scattered by a larger British fleet under Edward Boscawen at the Battle of Lagos. In the Battle of Quiberon Bay on 20 November, the British admiral Edward Hawke with 23 ships of the line caught the French Brest fleet with 21 ships of the line under Marshal de Conflans and sank, captured, or forced many of them aground, putting an end to the French plans.

Question: What happened to the French Mediterranean fleet?
Answer: the Mediterranean fleet under Jean-François de La Clue-Sabran was scattered by a larger British fleet
Carly Gullickson
Carly Gullickson (born November 26, 1986) is an American former professional tennis player.
Pierre Barthès
Pierre Barthès (born 13 September 1941) is a retired French tennis player.

Question: Between the tennis players, Carly Gullickson, and Pierre Barthès, which is of French nationality?
Answer: Pierre Barthès
Candice Bergen
Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an American actress and former fashion model. She won five Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards for her eleven seasons as the title character on the CBS sitcom "Murphy Brown" (1988–1998, 2018). She is also known for her role as Shirley Schmidt on the ABC drama "Boston Legal" (2005–2008). She was nominated for the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress for "Starting Over" (1979), and for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for "Gandhi" (1982).
Beautiful & Twisted
Beautiful & Twisted, also known as The Novack Murders is a 2015 American made-for-television crime drama film that premiered on Lifetime on January 31, 2015. The film stars Rob Lowe, Paz Vega, Seychelle Gabriel, Michelle Hurd & Candice Bergen. It is based upon the heavily publicized 2009 murders of Bernice Novack and her son, Ben Novack Jr.

Question: What tv series is the star of Beautiful & Twisted known for being the title character of?
Answer: Murphy Brown
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Carnivore was an electronic eavesdropping software system implemented by the FBI during the Clinton administration; it was designed to monitor email and electronic communications. After prolonged negative coverage in the press, the FBI changed the name of its system from "Carnivore" to "DCS1000." DCS is reported to stand for "Digital Collection System"; the system has the same functions as before. The Associated Press reported in mid-January 2005 that the FBI essentially abandoned the use of Carnivore in 2001, in favor of commercially available software, such as NarusInsight.

Question: What was Carnivore renamed to?
Answer: DCS1000
Sexual orientation
Scientists do not know the exact cause of sexual orientation, but they theorize that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences. Although no single theory on the cause of sexual orientation has yet gained widespread support, scientists favor biologically-based theories. There is considerably more evidence supporting nonsocial, biological causes of sexual orientation than social ones, especially for males. There is no substantive evidence which suggests parenting or early childhood experiences play a role with regard to sexual orientation. Research over several decades has demonstrated that sexual orientation ranges along a continuum, from exclusive attraction to the opposite sex to exclusive attraction to the same sex.

Question: What is the favored influence as to the cause of sexual orientation?
Answer: biologically-based
Nigeria
In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups, the Hausa ethnic group (predominant in the north) was found to be 95% Muslim and 5% Christian, the Yoruba tribe (predominant in the west) was equally split between Christians and Muslims with 10% adherents of traditional religions, while the Igbos (predominant in the east) and the Ijaw (south) were 98% Christian, with 2% practicing traditional religions. The middle belt of Nigeria contains the largest number of minority ethnic groups in Nigeria, who were found to be mostly Christians and members of traditional religions, with a small proportion of Muslims.

Question: Which Nigerian tribe is 95% Muslim?
Answer: Hausa
Duccio Tessari
Duccio Tessari (11 October 1926 – 6 September 1994) was an Italian director, screenwriter and actor, considered one of the fathers of spaghetti westerns.
Stephen Sommers
Stephen Sommers (born March 20, 1962) is an American film director and screenwriter, best known for big-budget movies, such as "The Mummy" (1999), its sequel, "The Mummy Returns" (2001), "Van Helsing" (2004), and "" (2009). He also directed The Adventures of Huck Finn (1993), Disney's live action version of "Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book" (1994) and the cult classic horror film "Deep Rising" (1998).
Stephen Sommers
Stephen Sommers was born in Indianapolis, and grew up in St. Cloud, Minnesota, where he attended St. Cloud Apollo High School. He is a 1980 graduate of Saint John's University in Collegeville, Minnesota, and the University of Seville in Spain. After graduating, he spent four years performing as an actor in theater groups and managing rock bands throughout Europe. He eventually returned to the United States and moved to Los Angeles, where he attended the USC School of Cinematic Arts for three years, earning a master's degree and writing and directing the award-winning short film "Perfect Alibi".

Question: What occupation do American Stephen Sommers and Italian Duccio Tessari share?
Answer: screenwriter
Adam Gertler
Adam Gertler is an American chef, television personality and occasional actor. He was the runner-up on season four of "The Next Food Network Star" and is a host of "FX Movie Download".
Will Work for Food (TV series)
Will Work For Food is a Food Network show starring Adam Gertler, one of three finalists of the fourth season of "The Next Food Network Star". The show premiered on Monday, January 19, 2009 at 8:30 PM EDT. According to Food Network, the series "exposes Adam to the world of little-known food jobs as he fearlessly puts his life – and mouth – on the line to try them all! Whether taking honey from three million bees, sculpting ice with a chain saw, foraging for truffles, or digging a wine cave, Adam will do anything in the name of food." The concept is somewhat similar to the Food Network program "Glutton for Punishment".

Question: The host of "FX Movie Download" stars in what Food Network show that premiered in January of 2009?
Answer: Will Work For Food
American Desperado
American Desperado is a 2011 book written by journalist Evan Wright and drug smuggler Jon Roberts, a subject of the 2006 documentary "Cocaine Cowboys".
Jon Roberts
Jon Pernell Roberts (June 21, 1948 – December 28, 2011), born John Riccobono, was a noted drug trafficker and government informant, operated in the Miami area and was an associate of Colombia's Medellín Cartel during the growth phase in cocaine trafficking, 1975–1986. After his arrest, he was able to avoid a lengthy prison sentence by becoming a cooperating witness and proactive informant for the federal government. He was the author with Evan Wright of "American Desperado".

Question: Jon Roberts, who helped author American Desperado, was associated with which cartel?
Answer: Colombia's Medellín Cartel
Christophe Gans
Christophe Gans (born 11 March 1960) is a French film director, producer and screenwriter, who specializes in horror and fantasy movies.
Sergio Leone
Sergio Leone (] ; January 3, 1929 – April 30, 1989) was an Italian film director, producer and screenwriter, credited as the creator of the Spaghetti Western genre and widely regarded as one of the most influential directors in the history of cinema.

Question: Who was born earlier, Sergio Leone or Christophe Gans?
Answer: Sergio Leone
Kristen Schaal
Kristen Joy Schaal ( ; born January 24, 1978) is an American actress, voice actress, comedian, and writer. She is best known for her voice roles as Louise Belcher on "Bob's Burgers" and Mabel Pines on "Gravity Falls", as well as for playing Mel on "Flight of the Conchords", Hurshe Heartshe on "The Heart, She Holler" and Carol Pilbasian on "The Last Man on Earth".
Kristen Schaal
She provides several voices for "BoJack Horseman", most notably for the character of Sarah Lynn, for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance. Other roles include Amanda Simmons on "The Hotwives of Orlando", Hazel Wassername on "30 Rock", Victoria Best on "WordGirl", Trixie in the "Toy Story" franchise, and Anne on "Wilfred". She was an occasional commentator on "The Daily Show" from 2008 to 2016. She voiced Sayrna in the 2019 EA video game, "Anthem".
The Heart, She Holler
The Heart, She Holler is an American comedy television series created by Vernon Chatman and John Lee for Adult Swim. The show premiered on November 6, 2011 for a six-episode first season. A 14-episode second season premiered on September 11, 2013, and a third season premiered in December 2014.
The Heart, She Holler
The series, described as "Southern Gothic drama" and "an inside-out blend of soap opera and politically incorrect surrealist comedy", is about the long-hidden and isolated son of the Heartshe dynasty (Patton Oswalt) returning to run the town and being locked in conflict with sisters Hurshe (Kristen Schaal and Amy Sedaris) and Hambrosia (Heather Lawless).

Question: Kristen Schaai plays Hurshe in what series about the long-hidden and isolated son of the Heartshe dynasty?
Answer: The Heart, She Holler
Mexico City
Street parking in urban neighborhoods is mostly controlled by the "franeleros" a.k.a. ""viene vienes"" (lit. "come on, come on"), who ask drivers for a fee to park. Double parking is common (with "franeleros" moving the cars as required), impeding on the available lanes for traffic to pass. In order to mitigate that and other problems and to raise revenue, 721 parking meters (as of October 2013), have been installed in the west-central neighborhoods Lomas de Chapultepec, Condesa, Roma, Polanco and Anzures, in operation from 8 AM to 8 PM on weekdays and charging a rate of 2 pesos per 15 minutes, with offenders' cars booted, costing about 500 pesos to remove. 30 percent of the monthly 16 million-peso (as of October 2013) income from the parking-meter system (named "ecoParq") is earmarked for neighborhood improvements. The granting of the license for all zones exclusively to a new company without experience in operating parking meters, Operadora de Estacionamientos Bicentenario, has generated controversy.

Question: What is the name of the parking meter system in Mexico City?
Answer: ecoParq
Hydrogen
Unique among the elements, distinct names are assigned to its isotopes in common use today. During the early study of radioactivity, various heavy radioactive isotopes were given their own names, but such names are no longer used, except for deuterium and tritium. The symbols D and T (instead of 2H and 3H ) are sometimes used for deuterium and tritium, but the corresponding symbol for protium, P, is already in use for phosphorus and thus is not available for protium. In its nomenclatural guidelines, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) allows any of D, T, 2H , and 3H to be used, although 2H and 3H are preferred.

Question: What are the only two names still used for radioactive isotopes?
Answer: deuterium and tritium
On the Origin of Species
Chapter IV details natural selection under the "infinitely complex and close-fitting ... mutual relations of all organic beings to each other and to their physical conditions of life". Darwin takes as an example a country where a change in conditions led to extinction of some species, immigration of others and, where suitable variations occurred, descendants of some species became adapted to new conditions. He remarks that the artificial selection practised by animal breeders frequently produced sharp divergence in character between breeds, and suggests that natural selection might do the same, saying:

Question: What did Darwin say could happen somewhere if there is a change in conditions?
Answer: extinction of some species
Yellow (clothing)
Yellow is a Bangladesh-based fashion brand and clothing retailer owned by Beximco. Its corporate headquarters is located at Beximco Industrial Park, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The largest of the Yellow stores are located in Bashundhara City Shopping Complex, Sanmar Ocean City Chittagong and Jamuna Future Park. There are several stores located in Pakistan. In 2014, Beximco announced the opening of new outlets in Dubai, Toronto, and New York City.
Bashundhara City
Bashundhara City ( ) is a shopping mall in Dhaka. The mall is located in Panthapath, near Kawran Bazar, and was opened to the public on 6 August 2004. The building complex is 19 stories tall and covers an area of 17763 m2 , making it the second largest shopping mall in Bangladesh. It is also one of the largest shopping malls in South Asia, with up to 50,000 visitors each day, 
Bashundhara City
The mall has space for 2,325 retail stores and cafeterias. It features a large underground gymnasium, a Star Cineplex cinema, a penthouse food court, an ice skating rink, a theme park, a fitness club, and a swimming pool. It also includes the 19-story corporate offices of the Bashundhara Group.

Question: The largest of the Yellow stores are located in a shopping mall that opened to the public on what date?
Answer: 6 August 2004
Education
It has been argued that high rates of education are essential for countries to be able to achieve high levels of economic growth. Empirical analyses tend to support the theoretical prediction that poor countries should grow faster than rich countries because they can adopt cutting-edge technologies already tried and tested by rich countries. However, technology transfer requires knowledgeable managers and engineers who are able to operate new machines or production practices borrowed from the leader in order to close the gap through imitation. Therefore, a country's ability to learn from the leader is a function of its stock of "human capital". Recent study of the determinants of aggregate economic growth have stressed the importance of fundamental economic institutions and the role of cognitive skills.

Question: What is greatly needed with technology transfer when it relates to education?
Answer: requires knowledgeable managers and engineers
Kelly Jean Van Dyke
Kelly Jean Van Dyke (June 5, 1958 – November 17, 1991) was an American actress and adult film performer. She was the daughter of actor Jerry Van Dyke, niece of the actor Dick Van Dyke, and first cousin once removed of Shane Van Dyke. As an actress, she was known for such television programs as "My Mother the Car".
Dick Van Dyke
Richard Wayne Van Dyke (born December 13, 1925) is an American actor, comedian, writer, singer, and dancer, whose award-winning career has spanned seven decades.
Dick Van Dyke
Van Dyke first gained recognition on radio and Broadway, then he became known for his role as Rob Petrie on the CBS television sitcom "The Dick Van Dyke Show", which ran from 1961 to 1966. He also gained significant popularity for roles in the musical films "Bye Bye Birdie" (1963), "Mary Poppins" (1964), and "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" (1968). His other prominent film appearances include roles in "The Comic" (1969), "Dick Tracy" (1990), "Curious George" (2006), "Night at the Museum" (2006), "" (2014), and "Mary Poppins Returns" (2018). Other prominent TV roles include the leads in "The New Dick Van Dyke Show" (1971–74), "" (1993–2001), and "Murder 101" (2006–08) which both co-starred his son Barry.

Question: Kelly Jean Van Dyke is the niece of which American actor and comedian?
Answer: Richard Wayne Van Dyke
Tyler Ross
Tyler Ross (born March 13, 1989) is an American actor best known for playing Kyle Stansbury in season four of the television series "The Killing" and for starring in the Stephen Cone films "The Wise Kids" (2011), "Henry Gamble's Birthday Party" (2015), and "Princess Cyd" (2017). Ross has also appeared in the series "Boss", "NCIS", "Major Crimes", "Crash & Bernstein", "Battle Creek", and "9-1-1" and the films "The Lovers" (2017), "Officer Downe" (2016), "American Milkshake" (2013), and "Nate & Margaret" (2012).
Battle Creek (TV series)
Battle Creek is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on CBS on March 1, 2015, as a weekly show broadcast on each Sunday. Starring Josh Duhamel and Dean Winters, the show followed the mismatched partnership of a police detective and FBI agent in Battle Creek, Michigan. CBS announced on May 8, 2015, after only 9 episodes had aired, that "Battle Creek" would end after 13 episodes.

Question: When did the series that Tyler Ross stars in with Josh Duhamel premier?
Answer: March 1, 2015
The Partridge Family
The Partridge Family is an American musical sitcom starring Shirley Jones and featuring David Cassidy. Jones plays a widowed mother, and Cassidy plays the oldest of her five children, in a family who embarks on a music career. It ran from September 25, 1970, until March 23, 1974, on the ABC network as part of a Friday-night lineup, and had subsequent runs in syndication. The family was loosely based on the real-life musical family the Cowsills, a popular band in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Crossword Puzzle
Crossword Puzzle is the seventh album by The Partridge Family released in June 1973. It was the group's second-to-last album and the final Partridge Family record to make the album charts, peaking at #167 on Billboard 200 and spending just 5 weeks on the charts. Bell Records, losing faith in the group after oversaturating the market with product, chose not to release a US single from the album, though "Sunshine" was released as a single in Japan. This album was released on CD in 2003 on Arista's BMG Heritage label. The album cover features an actual crossword puzzle on the front with the answers included inside on the dust sleeve. Once again after Notebook, there was no group photo on the album cover, only a small black-and-white picture of Shirley Jones to the left and one of David Cassidy to the right.

Question: The musical sitcom with an album by the same name has what special feature on the album cover?
Answer: actual crossword puzzle
Logan Lerman
Logan Wade Lerman (born January 19, 1992) is an American actor, known for playing the title role in the fantasy-adventure "Percy Jackson" films. He appeared in commercials in the mid-1990s, before starring in the series "Jack & Bobby" (2004–2005) and the movies "The Butterfly Effect" (2004) and "Hoot" (2006). Lerman gained further recognition for his roles in the western "", the thriller "The Number 23", the comedy "Meet Bill", and 2009's "Gamer" and "My One and Only". He subsequently played d'Artagnan in 2011's "The Three Musketeers", starred in the coming-of-age dramas "The Perks of Being a Wallflower" (2012), "Indignation" (2016) and "The Vanishing of Sidney Hall" (2017), and had major roles in the 2014 films "Noah" and "Fury". In 2020, he returned to television with the series "Hunters".
Fury (2014 film)
Fury is a 2014 American war film written and directed by David Ayer, and starring Brad Pitt, Shia LaBeouf, Logan Lerman, Michael Peña, Jon Bernthal, Jason Isaacs and Scott Eastwood. The film portrays U.S. tank crews fighting in Nazi Germany during the final weeks of the European theater of World War II. Ayer was influenced by the service of veterans in his family and by reading books, such as Belton Y. Cooper's "Death Traps", about American armored units in World War II and the high casualty rates suffered by tank crews in Europe.

Question: Where does the American war film starring the American actor known for playing the title role in the fantasy-adventure "Percy Jackson" films take place?
Answer: Nazi Germany
Clark Gable
William Clark Gable (February 1, 1901 – November 16, 1960) was an American film actor, often referred to as "The King of Hollywood". He had roles in more than 60 motion pictures in a wide variety of genres during a career that lasted 37 years, three decades of which was as a leading man. Gable died of a heart attack; his final on screen appearance was of an aging cowboy in "The Misfits," released posthumously in 1961.
Clark Gable
Born and raised in Ohio, Gable traveled to Hollywood where he began his film career as an extra in Hollywood silent films between 1924 and 1926. He progressed to supporting roles for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and his first leading role in 1931's "Dance, Fools, Dance" was alongside Joan Crawford, who requested him for the part. His next role, in the romantic drama "Red Dust" (1932) with reigning sex symbol Jean Harlow, made him MGM's biggest male star. Gable won the Academy Award for Best Actor for Frank Capra's "It Happened One Night" (1934), co-starring Claudette Colbert. He was nominated for the same award for his roles in "Mutiny on the Bounty" (1935), and in "Gone with the Wind" (1939), as Rhett Butler opposite Vivien Leigh as Scarlett O'Hara. He found continued commercial and critical success with "Manhattan Melodrama" (1934), "San Francisco" (1936), "Saratoga" (1937), "Test Pilot" (1938), and "Boom Town" (1940), three of which co-starred Spencer Tracy.
Dancing Lady
Dancing Lady is a 1933 American pre-Code musical film starring Joan Crawford and Clark Gable, and featuring Franchot Tone, Fred Astaire, Robert Benchley, and Ted Healy and His Stooges (who later became The Three Stooges with Curly, Moe and Larry). The picture was directed by Robert Z. Leonard, produced by John W. Considine Jr. and David O. Selznick, and was based on the novel of the same name by James Warner Bellah, published the previous year. The movie had a hit song in "Everything I Have Is Yours" by Burton Lane and Harold Adamson.

Question: Who was the King of Hollywood who costarred with Joan Crawford in Dancing Lady?
Answer: William Clark Gable
William Kent Krueger
William Kent Krueger is an American novelist and crime writer, best known for his series of novels featuring Cork O'Connor, which are set mainly in Minnesota. In 2005 and 2006, he won back-to-back Anthony Awards for best novel. In 2014, his stand-alone book "Ordinary Grace" won the Edgar Award for Best Novel of 2013.
Jorge Luis Borges
Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges Acevedo ( ; ] ( ) ; 24 August 1899 – 14 June 1986) was an Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator, and a key figure in Spanish-language and universal literature. His best-known books, "Ficciones" ("Fictions") and "El Aleph" ("The Aleph"), published in the 1940s, are compilations of short stories interconnected by common themes, including dreams, labyrinths, philosophers, libraries, mirrors, fictional writers, and mythology. Borges' works have contributed to philosophical literature and the fantasy genre, and have been considered by some critics to mark the beginning of the magic realist movement in 20th century Latin American literature. His late poems converse with such cultural figures as Spinoza, Camões, and Virgil.
Jorge Luis Borges
Born in Buenos Aires, Borges later moved with his family to Switzerland in 1914, where he studied at the Collège de Genève. The family travelled widely in Europe, including Spain. On his return to Argentina in 1921, Borges began publishing his poems and essays in surrealist literary journals. He also worked as a librarian and public lecturer. In 1955, he was appointed director of the National Public Library and professor of English Literature at the University of Buenos Aires. He became completely blind by the age of 55. Scholars have suggested that his progressive blindness helped him to create innovative literary symbols through imagination. By the 1960s, his work was translated and published widely in the United States and Europe. Borges himself was fluent in several languages.

Question: What do Jorge Luis Borges and William Kent Krueger have in common?
Answer: writer
Sahara
By 3400 BCE, the Sahara was as dry as it is today, due to reduced precipitation and higher temperatures resulting from a shift in the Earth's orbit. As a result of this aridification, it became a largely impenetrable barrier to humans, with the remaining settlements mainly being concentrated around the numerous oases that dot the landscape. Little trade or commerce is known to have passed through the interior in subsequent periods, the only major exception being the Nile Valley. The Nile, however, was impassable at several cataracts, making trade and contact by boat difficult.

Question: What was the main reason that the Sahara became so   dry?
Answer: reduced precipitation and higher temperatures
Sofya Kovalevskaya
Sofya Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya ( ), born Sofya Vasilyevna Korvin-Krukovskaya (15 January [O.S. 3 January] 1850 – 10 February 1891), was a Russian mathematician who made noteworthy contributions to analysis, partial differential equations and mechanics. She was a pioneer for women in mathematics around the world – the first woman to obtain a doctorate (in the modern sense) in mathematics, the first woman appointed to a full professorship in Northern Europe and one of the first women to work for a scientific journal as an editor. According to historian of science Ann Hibner Koblitz, Kovalevskaia was "the greatest known woman scientist before the twentieth century". 
Leonid Khachiyan
Leonid Genrikhovich Khachiyan ( ; ; May 3, 1952April 29, 2005) was a Soviet and American mathematician and computer scientist.
Leonid Khachiyan
He was most famous for his ellipsoid algorithm (1979) for linear programming, which was the first such algorithm known to have a polynomial running time. Even though this algorithm was shown to be impractical due to the high degree of the polynomial in its running time, it has inspired other randomized algorithms for convex programming and is considered a significant theoretical breakthrough.

Question: What are the nationalities of Leonid Khachiyan and Sofia Kovalevskaya?
Answer: Russian
Gateway Arch
The Gateway Arch is a 630 ft monument in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Clad in stainless steel and built in the form of a weighted catenary arch, it is the world's tallest arch, the tallest man-made monument in the Western Hemisphere, and Missouri's tallest accessible building. Built as a monument to the westward expansion of the United States, and officially dedicated to "the American people," the Arch, commonly referred to as "The Gateway to the West" is the centerpiece of Gateway Arch National Park and has become an internationally recognized symbol of St. Louis, as well as a popular tourist destination.
History of St. Louis (1905–1980)
The history of St. Louis, Missouri, from 1905 to 1980 saw declines in population and economic basis, particularly after World War II. Although St. Louis made civic improvements in the 1920s and enacted pollution controls in the 1930s, suburban growth accelerated and the city population fell dramatically from the 1950s to the 1980s. Like many urban areas, St. Louis experienced high unemployment during the Great Depression, then expanded its industrial base during World War II. The city became home to Gateway Arch National Park (then known as the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial) during the 1930s, and during the 1960s the Gateway Arch was built on the memorial grounds. St. Louis City and St. Louis County made multiple attempts at consolidation during the period, but none were particularly successful. Despite attempts at urban renewal that included public housing projects such as the Pruitt-Igoe complex, the city continued to lose population to county cities.

Question: What popular tourist destination was built in the 1960's in the city that had the Pruitt-Igoe complex?
Answer: Gateway Arch
Whidbey Island-class dock landing ship
The "Whidbey Island"-class dock landing ship is a dock landing ship of the United States Navy. Introduced to fleet service in 1985, this class of ship features a large well deck for the transport of United States Marine Corps (USMC) vehicles and a large flight deck for the landing of helicopters or V-22 Ospreys. The well deck was designed to hold four LCAC hovercraft, five if the vehicle ramp is raised, for landing Marines. Recent deployments have instead filled the well deck with a combination of LCU(s), AAVs, Tanks, LARCs and other USMC vehicles and gear. The "Whidbey Island" class of ship also uniquely benefits from multiple cranes and a shallow draft that further make it ideal for participating in amphibious operations.
Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey
The Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey is an American multi-mission, tiltrotor military aircraft with both vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL), and short takeoff and landing (STOL) capabilities. It is designed to combine the functionality of a conventional helicopter with the long-range, high-speed cruise performance of a turboprop aircraft.

Question: The "Whidbey Island" Landing ship is designed with a well deck large enough to support Military aircraft as large as this Multi-mission helicopter?
Answer: Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey
Juan José Campanella
Juan José Campanella (born July 19, 1959) is an Argentine television and film director, writer and producer. He is a prominent figure of cinema in his country, and achieved worldwide fame with the release of "The Secret in Their Eyes" (2009), for which he was awarded the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
The Secret in Their Eyes
The Secret in Their Eyes ( ) is a 2009 crime drama film directed, co-written, produced and edited by Juan José Campanella, based on the novel "La pregunta de sus ojos" ("The Question in Their Eyes") by Eduardo Sacheri, who also co-wrote the screenplay. The film is a joint production of Argentine and Spanish companies.

Question: Juan José Campanella achieved worldwide fame with the release of this 2009 Argentine-Spanish crime drama  based on what novel
Answer: "La pregunta de sus ojos"
Pioneer Canal
Pioneer Canal is an irrigation canal in Kern County, California, United States. It originates from the Kern River just east of the Stockdale Highway bridge. It terminates at reservoirs just east of Interstate 5 (Westside Freeway).
Orleans Canal
The Orleans Canal is a drainage canal in New Orleans, Louisiana. The canal, along with the 17th Street Canal and the London Avenue Canal, form the New Orleans Outfall Canals. The current version of the canal is about 2 km long, running along the up-river side of City Park, through the Lakeview and Lakeshore neighborhood, and into Lake Pontchartrain. It is part of the system used to pump rain water out of the streets of the city into the Lake. The Canal has also been known as the Orleans Avenue Canal, the Orleans Outfall Canal, the Orleans Tail Race, and early on, the Girod Canal.

Question: What country does Pioneer Canal and Orleans Canal have in common?
Answer: United States
Incandescent light bulb
In a conventional lamp, the evaporated tungsten eventually condenses on the inner surface of the glass envelope, darkening it. For bulbs that contain a vacuum, the darkening is uniform across the entire surface of the envelope. When a filling of inert gas is used, the evaporated tungsten is carried in the thermal convection currents of the gas, depositing preferentially on the uppermost part of the envelope and blackening just that portion of the envelope. An incandescent lamp that gives 93% or less of its initial light output at 75% of its rated life is regarded as unsatisfactory, when tested according to IEC Publication 60064. Light loss is due to filament evaporation and bulb blackening. Study of the problem of bulb blackening led to the discovery of the Edison effect, thermionic emission and invention of the vacuum tube.

Question: Where in the bulb is evaporated tungsten deposited when inert gas is used?
Answer: on the uppermost part of the envelope
American Idol
The wildcard round returned in the eighth season, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer – for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting in tenth season, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In the tenth and eleventh seasons, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In the twelfth season, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In the thirteenth season, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender based on the vote and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13. In the fourteenth season, the top 24 performed at The Fillmore Detroit, starting with the 12 males on one night and then the 12 females on the next night. The following week, the same order went for the top 16, with four males eliminated, followed by four females based on the vote. Then, on the first night of finals, a similar sequence from the thirteenth season was used to determine the final 12, with five of each gender based on the vote and two wildcards chosen by the judges. In the fifteenth season, the top 24 performed at Cathedral of Saint Vibiana in Los Angeles and were split into two groups of twelve and performed twice, one being a solo performance and one being a duet with a former Idol contestant. In each group, the judges chose 7 contestants to advance to the top 14 where the judges chose 4 to advance to the top 10 and remaining 6 contestants were chosen based on the vote. In the sixteenth season, the top 24 performed at the Academy in the Heart of LA, and the show repeated the process from the previous season. However, instead of Idol alumnus as duet partners, superstar celebrity singers were used as the duet partners. In the seventeenth season, the show repeated the process again. However, instead of a top 24, it's a top 20, the contestants performed at the Wiltern Theatre in Los Angeles, and performed solos in one episode, and performed the duets in two episodes. In the eighteenth season, due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the top 20 performed at their homes, and based on the vote, half of the top 20 would advance to the top 10, and the other half would be eliminated. However, the judges were offered a Judges' Save, saving one of the bottom 10 from elimination.

Question: How many contestants were finalists for season 12?
Answer: 10
Estonia
Estonia won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2001 with the song "Everybody" performed by Tanel Padar and Dave Benton. In 2002, Estonia hosted the event. Maarja-Liis Ilus has competed for Estonia on two occasions (1996 and 1997), while Eda-Ines Etti, Koit Toome and Evelin Samuel owe their popularity partly to the Eurovision Song Contest. Lenna Kuurmaa is a very popular singer in Europe, with her band Vanilla Ninja. "Rändajad" by Urban Symphony, was the first song in Estonian to chart in the UK, Belgium and Switzerland.

Question: Who performed the song "Everybody"?
Answer: Tanel Padar and Dave Benton
BBC Television
During the 1980s, the BBC came under pressure to commission more programmes from independent British production companies, and following the Broadcasting Act 1990 it was legally required to source 25% of its output from such companies by the terms of the Act. This eventually led to the creation of the "WoCC" (Window of Creative Competition) for independent production companies to pitch programmes to the BBC.

Question: How much of its programming must the BBC obtain from other content producers?
Answer: 25%
Fünf Minuten Amerika
Fünf Minuten Amerika (German: “America in five minutes”) is a 1931 travel book by the Austrian writer Felix Salten, depicting his tour of 1930 in the United States of America. This is his second travel book, following his account of Palestine, "Neue Menschen auf alter Erde", of 1925. Salten himself considered these two books to be his foremost.
Fünf Minuten Amerika
In order to promote international understanding, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace organized exchanges of visits of journalist groups between the United States and other countries. In 1930, a delegation of fourteen journalists from Central and Northern Europe were invited to the U.S., among them Felix Salten who represented the Austrian newspaper "Neue Freie Presse". The guests visited different parts of the U.S., met with citizens and dignitaries, including the President of the U.S. and Henry Ford, and saw American nature.
Felix Salten
Felix Salten (] ; 6 September 1869 – 8 October 1945) was an Austrian author and literary critic in Vienna. His most famous work is "Bambi, a Life in the Woods" (1923).

Question: Fünf Minuten Amerika and Felix Salten both were creators of what media?
Answer: book
Christopher Marlowe
Christopher Marlowe, also known as Kit Marlowe ( ; baptised 26 February 156430 May 1593), was an English playwright, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. Modern scholars count Marlowe among the most famous of the Elizabethan playwrights and based upon the "many imitations" of his play "Tamburlaine" consider him to have been the foremost dramatist in London in the years just before his mysterious early death. Some scholars also believe that he greatly influenced William Shakespeare, who was baptised in the same year as Marlowe and later became the pre-eminent Elizabethan playwright. Marlowe's plays are the first to use blank verse, which became the standard for the era, and are distinguished by their overreaching protagonists. Themes found within Marlowe's literary works have been noted as humanistic with realistic emotions, which some scholars find difficult to reconcile with Marlowe's "anti-intellectualism" and his catering to the taste of his Elizabethan audiences for generous displays of extreme physical violence, cruelty, and bloodshed.
The Spanish Tragedy
The Spanish Tragedy, or Hieronimo is Mad Again is an Elizabethan tragedy written by Thomas Kyd between 1582 and 1592. Highly popular and influential in its time, "The Spanish Tragedy" established a new genre in English theatre, the revenge play or revenge tragedy. The play contains several violent murders and includes as one of its characters a personification of Revenge. "The Spanish Tragedy" is often considered to be the first mature Elizabethan drama, a claim disputed with Christopher Marlowe's "Tamburlaine", and has been parodied by many Elizabethan and Jacobean playwrights, including Marlowe, William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. 
The Spanish Tragedy
Many elements of "The Spanish Tragedy," such as the play-within-a-play used to trap a murderer and a ghost intent on vengeance, appear in Shakespeare's "Hamlet." (Thomas Kyd is frequently proposed as the author of the hypothetical "Ur-Hamlet" that may have been one of Shakespeare's primary sources for "Hamlet".)

Question: The Spanish Tragedy, or Hieronimo is Mad Again is an Elizabethan tragedy written by Thomas Kyd between 1582 and 1592,  "The Spanish Tragedy" was often referred to (or parodied) in works written by other Elizabethan playwrights, including which English playwright, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era, also known as Kit Marlowe?
Answer: Christopher Marlowe
The Yellow Wallpaper
"The Yellow Wallpaper" (original title: "The Yellow Wall-paper. A Story") is a short story by American writer Charlotte Perkins Gilman, first published in January 1892 in "The New England Magazine". It is regarded as an important early work of American feminist literature, due to its illustration of the attitudes towards mental and physical health of women in the 19th century.
The Yellow Wallpaper
Narrated in the first person, the story is a collection of journal entries written by a woman whose physician husband (John) has rented an old mansion for the summer. Forgoing other rooms in the house, the couple moves into the upstairs nursery. As a form of treatment, the unnamed woman is forbidden from working, and is encouraged to eat well and get plenty of air, so she can recuperate from what he calls a "temporary nervous depression – a slight hysterical tendency", a diagnosis common to women during that period.
Forerunner (magazine)
The Forerunner was a monthly magazine produced by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (best known as the writer of "The Yellow Wallpaper"), from 1909 through 1916. During that time, she wrote all of every issue — editorials, critical articles, book reviews, essays, poems, stories, and six serialized novels. Gilman's drive for social change was the inspiration for "Forerunner" and its controversial articles. She succeeded in administering progressive ideas for change to the magazine's readers, growing support for her desires during the women's suffrage movement. The magazine was based in New York City.

Question: The Forerunner was a monthly magazine produced by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (best known as the writer of "The Yellow Wallpaper"), a 6,000-word short story by American writer Charlotte Perkins Gilman, first published in The New England Magazine, in what year?
Answer: 1892
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is not an energy resource, except in the hypothetical context of commercial nuclear fusion power plants using deuterium or tritium, a technology presently far from development. The Sun's energy comes from nuclear fusion of hydrogen, but this process is difficult to achieve controllably on Earth. Elemental hydrogen from solar, biological, or electrical sources requires more energy to make than is obtained by burning it, so in these cases hydrogen functions as an energy carrier, like a battery. Hydrogen may be obtained from fossil sources (such as methane), but these sources are unsustainable.

Question: Where does the sun get its energy from?
Answer: nuclear fusion of hydrogen
White Magic (band)
White Magic is a psychedelic folk rock group formed in Brooklyn, New York City, and led by singer/guitarist/pianist/composer Mira Billotte. Billotte performs under this moniker both with accompaniment or solo, using a daf, shruti box, and singing a cappella. Invoking both traditional and experimental folk, White Magic's sound ranges from loud psychedelia to meditative trance.
Semisonic
Semisonic is an American alternative rock band formed in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1995. The band has three members: Dan Wilson (lead vocals, guitar, keyboards), John Munson (bass guitar, keyboards, backing vocals, guitar), and Jacob Slichter (drums, percussion, keyboards, backing vocals). They are best known in the U.S. for their 1998 single "Closing Time."

Question: Are Semisonic and White Magic both US-based rock groups?
Answer: yes
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess is an action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the GameCube and Wii home video game consoles. It is the thirteenth installment in the series "The Legend of Zelda". Originally planned for release exclusively on the GameCube in November 2005, "Twilight Princess" was delayed by Nintendo to allow its developers to refine the game, add more content, and port it to the Wii. The Wii version was a launch game in North America in November 2006, and in Japan, Europe, and Australia the following month. The GameCube version was also released worldwide in December 2006, and was the final first-party game released for the console.

Question: When was Twilight Princess launched in North America?
Answer: November 2006
Age of Enlightenment
However, the prime example of reference works that systematized scientific knowledge in the age of Enlightenment were universal encyclopedias rather than technical dictionaries. It was the goal of universal encyclopedias to record all human knowledge in a comprehensive reference work. The most well-known of these works is Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert's "Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers". The work, which began publication in 1751, was composed of thirty-five volumes and over 71 000 separate entries. A great number of the entries were dedicated to describing the sciences and crafts in detail and provided intellectuals across Europe with a high-quality survey of human knowledge. In d'Alembert's "Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot", the work's goal to record the extent of human knowledge in the arts and sciences is outlined:As an Encyclopédie, it is to set forth as well as possible the order and connection of the parts of human knowledge. As a Reasoned Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Trades, it is to contain the general principles that form the basis of each science and each art, liberal or mechanical, and the most essential facts that make up the body and substance of each.

Question: What were the prime examples of reference works that systemasized scientific knowledge in the age oif Enlightenment?
Answer: universal encyclopedias
MP3
Due to the tree structure of the filter bank, pre-echo problems are made worse, as the combined impulse response of the two filter banks does not, and cannot, provide an optimum solution in time/frequency resolution. Additionally, the combining of the two filter banks' outputs creates aliasing problems that must be handled partially by the "aliasing compensation" stage; however, that creates excess energy to be coded in the frequency domain, thereby decreasing coding efficiency.

Question: The need to code excess energy in the frequency domain decreases what kind of efficiency?
Answer: coding
Political party
Although the framers of the 1787 United States Constitution did not anticipate that American political disputes would be primarily organised around political parties, political controversies in the early 1790s over the extent of federal government powers saw the emergence of two proto-political parties: the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party, which were championed by Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, respectively. However, a consensus reached on these issues ended party politics in 1816 for nearly a decade, a period commonly known as the Era of Good Feelings.

Question: In which year did the period known as the "Era of Good Feelings" begin?
Answer: 1816
Presbyterianism
Korean Presbyterian denominations are active in evangelism and many of its missionaries are being sent overseas, being the second biggest missionary sender in the world after the United States. GMS, the missionary body of the "Hapdong" General Assembly of Presbyterian Churches of Korea, is the single largest Presbyterian missionary organization in Korea.
Presbyterianism
In addition there are many Korean-American Presbyterians in the United States, either with their own church sites or sharing space in pre-existing churches as is the case in Australia, New Zealand and even Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia with Korean immigration.

Question: Korean Presbyterian missionaries being sent over seas are second in numbers to only which other country?
Answer: United States
Westminster Abbey
The abbot and monks, in proximity to the royal Palace of Westminster, the seat of government from the later 13th century, became a powerful force in the centuries after the Norman Conquest. The Abbot of Westminster often was employed on royal service and in due course took his place in the House of Lords as of right. Released from the burdens of spiritual leadership, which passed to the reformed Cluniac movement after the mid-10th century, and occupied with the administration of great landed properties, some of which lay far from Westminster, "the Benedictines achieved a remarkable degree of identification with the secular life of their times, and particularly with upper-class life", Barbara Harvey concludes, to the extent that her depiction of daily life provides a wider view of the concerns of the English gentry in the High and Late Middle Ages.

Question: The Palace of Westminster was the seat of what from the later 12th century?
Answer: government