qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Beer
A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis found that moderate ethanol consumption brought no mortality benefit compared with lifetime abstention from ethanol consumption. Some studies have concluded that drinking small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a "decreased" risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and early death. Some of these studies combined former ethanol drinkers and lifelong abstainers into a single group of nondrinkers, which hides the health benefits of lifelong abstention from ethanol. The long-term health effects of continuous, moderate or heavy alcohol consumption include the risk of developing alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease. Alcoholism, also known as "alcohol use disorder", is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in problems. It was previously divided into two types: alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. In a medical context, alcoholism is said to exist when two or more of the following conditions is present: a person drinks large amounts over a long time period, has difficulty cutting down, acquiring and drinking alcohol takes up a great deal of time, alcohol is strongly desired, usage results in not fulfilling responsibilities, usage results in social problems, usage results in health problems, usage results in risky situations, withdrawal occurs when stopping, and alcohol tolerance has occurred with use. Alcoholism reduces a person's life expectancy by around ten years and alcohol use is the third leading cause of early death in the United States. No professional medical association recommends that people who are nondrinkers should start drinking wine. A total of 3.3 million deaths (5.9% of all deaths) are believed to be due to alcohol.

Question: How many deaths are believed to have been caused by alcohol?
Answer: 3.3 million
Human Development Index
The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies". To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well-being.

Question: Which year was used for estimates in the 2011 report?
Answer: 1990
Michael Lantieri
Michael Lantieri (born August 13, 1954) went to school in Los Angeles, California with actor-director Ron Howard, wanting to be in films from an early age though as a director. However, he went to work in the special effects department of Universal Studios, staying for ten years and working on television series such as "Buck Rogers" and "Battlestar Galactica" before branching out on his own. Lantieri also worked on the "Pirates of the Caribbean" ride at Disneyland and has provided effects for video games. He directed his own film, called "Komodo", and has worked on numerous films with Steven Spielberg. One of his most famous films was "Mars Attacks!" where he had the job of creating lifelike animations. In addition, Lantieri developed special effects for "Jurassic Park" (for which he received an Oscar), "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade", as well as "". He was also part of the destruction of the Steve Bartman baseball.
Steve Bartman incident
The Steve Bartman incident was a controversial play that occurred during a baseball game between the Chicago Cubs and the Florida Marlins on October 14, 2003, at Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois, during Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2003 postseason.
Steve Bartman incident
The incident occurred in the eighth inning of Game 6 of the National League Championship Series (NLCS), with Chicago leading 3–0 and holding a three games to two lead in the best-of-seven series. Marlins batter Luis Castillo hit a fly ball into foul territory in left field. Cubs outfielder Moisés Alou pursued the ball and leapt near the fence in an attempt to make the catch. Along with other spectators seated against the wall, Cubs fan Steve Bartman reached for the ball, but he deflected it, disrupting Alou's potential catch. If Alou had caught the ball, it would have been the second out in the inning, and the Cubs would have been just four outs away from winning their first National League pennant since 1945. The Cubs ultimately allowed eight runs in the inning, and lost the game 8–3. When they were eliminated in Game 7 the next day, the incident was seen as the "first domino" to fall in affecting the series's outcome.

Question: Michael Lantieri was part of the group who destroyed the baseball that caused an incident at what stadium?
Answer: Wrigley Field
Alicia Silverstone
Alicia Silverstone ( ; born October 4, 1976) is an American actress. She made her film debut in "The Crush" (1993), earning the 1994 MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance, and gained further prominence at the age of 16 as a teen idol when she appeared in the music video for Aerosmith's "Cryin'". She starred in the comedy hit "Clueless" (1995), which earned her a multi-million dollar deal with Columbia Pictures, and in the big-budget film "Batman & Robin" (1997), playing Batgirl.
Alicia Silverstone
For her role in the short-lived NBC series "Miss Match" (2003), Silverstone received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy. She has continued to act in film and television and on stage. A vegan, Silverstone has endorsed PETA activities and has published a vegan cookbook, "The Kind Diet".
Clueless
Clueless is a 1995 American coming-of-age teen comedy film written and directed by Amy Heckerling. It stars Alicia Silverstone, Stacey Dash, Paul Rudd, Dan Hedaya, and Brittany Murphy. It was produced by Scott Rudin and Robert Lawrence. It is loosely based on Jane Austen's 1815 novel "Emma", with a modern-day setting of Beverly Hills. The plot centers on Cher Horowitz, a beautiful, clever and rich high school student who befriends a new student named Tai Frasier and decides to give her a makeover.
Clueless
"Clueless" was filmed in California over a 40-day schedule. The film's director studied real Beverly Hills high school students to understand how real teens in the 1990s talked and learn some appropriate slang terms.

Question: Alicia Silverstone (born October 4, 1976) is an American actress, she starred in Clueless, a 1995 American coming-of-age comedy film, written and directed by who?
Answer: Amy Heckerling
Banksia
Banksia is a genus of around 170 species in the plant family Proteaceae. These Australian wildflowers and popular garden plants are easily recognised by their characteristic flower spikes and fruiting "cones" and heads. "Banksias" range in size from prostrate woody shrubs to trees up to 30 metres tall. They are found in a wide variety of landscapes; sclerophyll forest, (occasionally) rainforest, shrubland, and some more arid landscapes, though not in Australia's deserts.
Pistacia
Pistacium is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It contains 10 to 20 species that are native to Africa and Eurasia from the Canary Islands, all of Africa, and southern Europe, warm and semidesert areas across Asia, and North America from Mexico to warm and semidesert United States, such as Texas or California.

Question: Which genus contains more species, Pistacia or Banksia?
Answer: Banksia
Niccolò Machiavelli
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli ( , ; ] ; 3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was an Italian Renaissance diplomat, philosopher and writer, best known for "The Prince" ("Il Principe"), written in 1513. He has often been called the father of modern political philosophy or political science.
Niccolò Machiavelli
For many years he served as a senior official in the Florentine Republic with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs. He wrote comedies, carnival songs, and poetry. His personal correspondence is of high importance to historians and scholars. He worked as secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence from 1498 to 1512, when the Medici were out of power. 
Florentine military reforms
The military reforms of the Florentine Republic were initiated by Florentine politician and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli during the short-lived Republic of Florence that lasted from 1498 to 1512 under the priest Girolamo Savonarola. In the pursuit of the republican spirit which pervaded Florence at the time, Machiavelli sought to establish a military establishment that was similar to that of ancient Rome. He was specifically focused upon the establishment of an army possessed with the discipline of the Roman legions. He sought to establish a citizen-infantry capable of taking the field against the Italian Condottieri of the day, who largely terrorized the peninsula, in addition to the chronic foreign invasions which occurred on a regular basis at this time. Broadly speaking Machiavelli would institute a series of reforms in 1506 that would create a citizen army of 20,000 men, and establish a system that would keep this citizen army in a state of readiness.

Question: Who both inflated the Florentine Republic and was born on May 3, 1496?
Answer: Niccolò Machiavelli
London
With increasing industrialisation, London's population grew rapidly throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, and it was for some time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries the most populous city in the world. Its population peaked at 8,615,245 in 1939 immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War, but had declined to 7,192,091 at the 2001 Census. However, the population then grew by just over a million between the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, to reach 8,173,941 in the latter enumeration.

Question: When did London see its highest population numbers?
Answer: 1939 immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War
Veronica (plant)
Veronica is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Plantaginaceae, with about 500 species; it was formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. Common names include speedwell, bird's eye, and gypsyweed.
Lophomyrtus
Lophomyrtus is a genus of the myrtle family described as a genus in 1941. The entire genus is endemic to New Zealand. It consists of evergreen shrubs or trees, noted for their colorful leaves, which are purple, chocolate, red or bronze-green. There are also a number of cultivars. Planting in full sun aids the leaf color to develop. In cool climates, the plant may need to be placed in a sheltered area. They will also grow in semi shade. This genus is closely related to the Australian "Lenwebbia" which also has four petals and similar though less colourful leaves.
Lophomyrtus
Most "Lophomyrtus" in gardens are hybrids between the two species. This cross, "Lophomyrtus bullata" × "Lophomyrtus obcordata", is known as "Lophomyrtus × ralphii" and has produced many popular cultivars in a range of plant sizes and foliage colours. Among the most popular are: 'Kathryn', up to 3 m tall, deep purple-bronze foliage; 'Indian Chief', red-brown foliage that darkens in winter; 'Pixie', a compact form with small, bright, red-brown leaves; 'Little Star', a compact plant with small, rounded, cream-edged green leaves that are suffused with pink; 'Gloriosa', an upright cultivar to 2 m tall, cream-edged green leaves that develop pink tones, especially in winter; 'Black Beauty', narrow upright growth habit to 2 m tall, very dark red-brown foliage; and 'Red Dragon', up to 1.8m tall, narrow red leaves tapering to a point mature to a dark chocolate shade.

Question: Are Lophomyrtus and Veronica genuses of the same family? 
Answer: no
Fort Orange (New Netherland)
Fort Orange ( ) was the first permanent Dutch settlement in New Netherland; the present-day city of Albany, New York developed at this site. It was built in 1624 as a replacement for Fort Nassau, which had been built on nearby Castle Island and served as a trading post until 1617 or 1618, when it was abandoned due to frequent flooding. Both forts were named in honor of the Dutch House of Orange-Nassau. Due to a dispute between the Director-General of New Netherland and the patroonship of Rensselaerswyck regarding jurisdiction over the fort and the surrounding community, the fort and community became an independent municipality, paving the way for the future city of Albany. After the English reconquered the region they soon abandoned Fort Orange (renamed Fort Albany) in favor of a new fort: Fort Frederick, constructed in 1676.
Fort Frederick (Albany)
Fort Frederick was a fort in Albany, New York from 1676–1789. Sitting atop State Street Hill (Capitol Hill) it replaced the earlier decaying Fort Orange along the Hudson River. The fort was named for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, son of King George II. The fort was referred to as Fort Albany in the 1936 novel "Drums Along the Mohawk". Several historical markers have been placed west of the location of the fort.

Question: After the conquest of Fort Orange by the English, what was the name it was replaced by?
Answer: Fort Frederick
Culture
Matthew Arnold contrasted "culture" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted "culture" with "the state of nature." According to Hobbes and Rousseau, the Native Americans who were being conquered by Europeans from the 16th centuries on were living in a state of nature ; this opposition was expressed through the contrast between "civilized" and "uncivilized." According to this way of thinking, one could classify some countries and nations as more civilized than others and some people as more cultured than others. This contrast led to Herbert Spencer's theory of Social Darwinism and Lewis Henry Morgan's theory of cultural evolution. Just as some critics have argued that the distinction between high and low cultures is an expression of the conflict between European elites and non-elites, other critics have argued that the distinction between civilized and uncivilized people is an expression of the conflict between European colonial powers and their colonial subjects.

Question: How did Matthew Arnold view "Culture" with?
Answer: anarchy
Staind
Staind ( ) is an American rock band formed in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1995. The original lineup consisted of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Aaron Lewis, lead guitarist Mike Mushok, bassist and backing vocalist Johnny April, and drummer Jon Wysocki. The lineup has been stable outside of the 2011 departure of Wysocki, who was replaced by Sal Giancarelli. Staind has recorded seven studio albums: "Tormented" (1996), "Dysfunction" (1999), "Break the Cycle" (2001), "14 Shades of Grey" (2003), "Chapter V" (2005), "The Illusion of Progress" (2008), and "Staind" (2011). The band's activity became more sporadic after their self-titled release, with Lewis pursuing a solo country music career and Mushok subsequently joining the band Saint Asonia, but they have continued to tour on and off in the following years. In 2016, Lewis reiterated that the band had not broken up, and would possibly create another album, but that his then-current focus was on his solo career. The band reunited more permanently in 2019 for several shows, continuing with live appearances in 2020. Many of their singles have reached high positions on US rock and all-format charts as well, including "It's Been Awhile", "Fade", "Price to Play", "So Far Away", and "Right Here".
Staind
In 1993, vocalist Aaron Lewis and guitarist Mike Mushok met at a Christmas party in Springfield, Massachusetts. Mushok introduced drummer Jon Wysocki while Lewis brought in bassist Johnny April to form the band in 1995. Their first public performance was in February 1995, playing a heavy, dark, and introspective style of metal. Extensive touring in the Northeast helped Staind acquire a regional following over the next few years.
Town Line
Town Line is the first EP by American Staind frontman Aaron Lewis, and is his first solo release. An extended play consisting of country songs, it was released on March 1, 2011 on Stroudavarious Records. As of the chart dated September 3, 2011, the album has sold 200,208 copies in the US.

Question: The lead singer of what band released his EP Tower Line on March 1, 2011?
Answer: Staind
Pope Paul VI
On 12 December 2013, Vatican officials comprising a medical panel approved a supposed miracle that was attributed to the intercession of the late pontiff, which was the curing of an unborn child in California, U.S.A in the 1990s. This miracle was investigated in California from 7 July 2003 until 12 July 2004. It was expected that Pope Francis would approve the miracle in the near future, thus, warranting the beatification of the late pontiff. In February 2014, it was reported that the consulting Vatican theologians to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints recognised the miracle attributed to the late pontiff on 18 February. On 24 April 2014, it was reported in the Italian magazine "Credere" that the late pope could possibly be beatified on 19 October 2014. This report from the magazine further stated that several cardinals and bishops would meet on 5 May to confirm the miracle that had previously been approved, and then present it to Pope Francis who may sign the decree for beatification shortly after that. The Congregation for the Causes of Saints' cardinal and bishop members held that meeting and positively concluded that the healing was indeed a miracle that could be attributed to the late pope. The matter would then be presented by the Cardinal Prefect to the pope for approval.

Question: On what day was the beautification ceremony performed for Paul VI?
Answer: 19 October
Galicia (Spain)
Galicia was spared the worst of the fighting in that war: it was one of the areas where the initial coup attempt at the outset of the war was successful, and it remained in Nationalist (Franco's army's) hands throughout the war. While there were no pitched battles, there was repression and death: all political parties were abolished, as were all labor unions and Galician nationalist organizations as the "Seminario de Estudos Galegos". Galicia's statute of autonomy was annulled (as were those of Catalonia and the Basque provinces once those were conquered). According to Carlos Fernández Santander, at least 4,200 people were killed either extrajudicially or after summary trials, among them republicans, communists, Galician nationalists, socialists and anarchists. Victims included the civil governors of all four Galician provinces; Juana Capdevielle, the wife of the governor of A Coruña; mayors such as Ánxel Casal of Santiago de Compostela, of the Partido Galeguista; prominent socialists such as Jaime Quintanilla in Ferrol and Emilio Martínez Garrido in Vigo; Popular Front deputies Antonio Bilbatúa, José Miñones, Díaz Villamil, Ignacio Seoane, and former deputy Heraclio Botana); soldiers who had not joined the rebellion, such as Generals Rogelio Caridad Pita and Enrique Salcedo Molinuevo and Admiral Antonio Azarola; and the founders of the PG, Alexandre Bóveda and Víctor Casas, as well as other professionals akin to republicans and nationalists, as the journalist Manuel Lustres Rivas or physician Luis Poza Pastrana. Many others were forced to escape into exile, or were victims of other reprisals and removed from their jobs and positions.

Question: Under the control of whose army was Galicia under during this war?
Answer: Franco's
Fifty Shades of Grey
Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It became the first instalment in the "Fifty Shades" novel series that follows the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving BDSM (bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism). Originally self-published as an ebook and print-on-demand in June 2011, the publishing rights to the novel were acquired by Vintage Books in March 2012.
Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied
Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied (alternatively titled Miley) is an American short film directed by photographer Quentin Jones and starring recording artist Miley Cyrus. It was released on May 1, 2014, by the lifestyle website Nowness, although it had been previously used for the introduction of her headlining Bangerz Tour. The black-and-white video displays a topless Cyrus engaging in several sadomasochistic behaviors. Contemporary critics compared "Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied" to earlier music videos by recording artist Madonna and the erotic novel "Fifty Shades of Grey" (2011), and agreed that it continued to solidify the sexually-explicit public image she had cultivated in 2013.

Question: Which erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James is compared to Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied" 
Answer: Fifty Shades of Grey
Florence Welch
Florence Leontine Mary Welch (born 28 August 1986) is an English singer, the lead vocalist and primary songwriter of the indie rock band Florence and the Machine. Their debut studio album, "Lungs", was released in 2009; on 17 January 2010, the album reached the top position on the UK Albums Chart after being on the chart for 28 consecutive weeks. "Lungs" won the BRIT Award for Best British Album in 2010. The band's second album, "Ceremonials", released in October 2011, debuted at number one in the UK and number six on the US "Billboard" 200 chart. The band's third album, "How Big, How Blue, How Beautiful", was released in 2015 to positive reviews from music critics and topped the UK and US albums chart. The band's fourth album, "High as Hope", was released in June 2018 and has sold over one million copies worldwide.
Florence and the Machine
Florence and the Machine (stylised as Florence + the Machine) are an English indie rock band that formed in London in 2007, consisting of vocalist Florence Welch, keyboardist Isabella Summers, guitarist Rob Ackroyd, harpist Tom Monger, and a collaboration of other musicians. The band's music received praise across the media, especially from the BBC, which played a large part in their rise to prominence by promoting Florence and the Machine as part of "BBC Introducing". At the 2009 Brit Awards they received the Brit Awards "Critics' Choice" award. The band's music is renowned for its dramatic and eccentric production, as well as Welch's powerful vocal performances.

Question: What award was won in 2009 by the band that had an English musician who was born on 28 August 1986?
Answer: Brit Awards "Critics' Choice" award
Film speed
Some high-speed black-and-white films, such as Ilford Delta 3200, P3200 T-Max, and T-MAX P3200 are marketed with film speeds in excess of their true ISO speed as determined using the ISO testing method. According to the respective data sheets, the Ilford product is actually an ISO 1000 film, while the Kodak film's speed is nominally 800 to 1000 ISO. The manufacturers do not indicate that the 3200 number is an ISO rating on their packaging. Kodak and Fuji also marketed E6 films designed for pushing (hence the "P" prefix), such as Ektachrome P800/1600 and Fujichrome P1600, both with a base speed of ISO 400. The DX codes on the film cartridges indicate the marketed film speed (i.e. 3200), not the ISO speed, in order to automate shooting and development.

Question: What type of films are Ilford Delta 3200 and Kodak T-MAX P3200?
Answer: high-speed black-and-white films
Johnny Majors
John Terrill Majors (May 21, 1935June 3, 2020) was an American professional football player and college coach. A standout halfback at the University of Tennessee, he was an All-American in 1956 and a two-time winner of the Southeastern Conference Most Valuable Player award, in 1955 and 1956. He finished second to Paul Hornung in voting for the Heisman Trophy in 1956. After playing one season in the Canadian Football League (CFL), Majors became a college assistant coach. He served as the head coach at Iowa State University (1968–1972), the University of Pittsburgh (1973–1976, 1993–1996), and Tennessee (1977–1992), compiling a career college football record of 185–137–10. His 1976 Pittsburgh squad won a national championship after capping a 12–0 season with a victory in the Sugar Bowl. Majors was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1987.
Johnny Majors
Majors played high school football for the Huntland Hornets of Franklin County, Tennessee. They won the state championship in 1951. Majors' father, Shirley Majors, was the head coach at Huntland from 1949 to 1957 and then head coach at The University of the South, Sewanee, from 1957 to 1977. Majors also played alongside his brother, Joe, at Huntland. Another brother, Bobby, also played at Tennessee and professionally for the Cleveland Browns. In all, Majors had four brothers, who all played football. Johnny was the oldest.
1977 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1977 Tennessee Volunteers football team (variously "Tennessee", "UT" or the "Vols") represented the University of Tennessee in the 1977 NCAA Division I football season. Playing as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), the team was led by head coach Johnny Majors, in his first year, and played their home games at Neyland Stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee. They finished the season with a record of four wins and seven losses (4–7 overall, 1–5 in the SEC).

Question: The 1977 Tennessee Volunteers were led by which former football player as coach?
Answer: John Terrill Majors
Upstate South Carolina
The Upstate is the region in the westernmost part of South Carolina, United States, also known as the Upcountry, which is the historical term. Although loosely defined among locals, the general definition includes the ten counties of the commerce-rich I-85 corridor in the northwest corner of South Carolina. This definition coincided with the Greenville–Spartanburg–Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area, as first defined by the Office of Management and Budget in 2015. In 2018, the OMB redefined the CSA such that it no longer included Abbeville County. That definition remains as of 2020. The region's population was 1,347,112 as of 2016. Situated between Atlanta and Charlotte, the Upstate is the geographical center of the Charlanta mega-region. After BMW's initial investment, foreign companies, including others from Germany, have a substantial presence in the Upstate; several large corporations have established regional, national, or continental headquarters in the area. Greenville is the largest city in the region with a population of 67,453 and an urban-area population of 400,492, and it is the base of most commercial activity. Spartanburg and Anderson are next in population.
WHNS
WHNS, virtual channel 21 (UHF digital channel 17), is a Fox-affiliated television station licensed to Greenville, South Carolina, United States, serving Upstate South Carolina and Western North Carolina. The station is owned by the Meredith Local Media subsidiary of Des Moines, Iowa-based Meredith Corporation. WHNS' studios are located on Interstate Court (just northwest of Interstate 85) in Greenville, and its transmitter is located atop Slick Rock Mountain in Transylvania County, North Carolina (5 mi southeast of Brevard).

Question: What region serviced by WHNS had a population of 1,409,582 as of 2014?
Answer: Upstate South Carolina
Aspirated consonant
Icelandic and Faroese have consonants with preaspiration [ʰp ʰt ʰk] , and some scholars interpret them as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:

Question: What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?
Answer: consonant clusters
Bomp! Records
Who Put The Bomp was a rock music fanzine edited and published by Greg Shaw from 1970 to 1979. Its name came from the hit 1961 doo-wop song by Barry Mann, "Who Put the Bomp". Later, the name was shortened to "Bomp!" "Bomp!" later morphed into the record label Bomp! Records, headed by Shaw until his death in 2004.
Cricket (magazine)
Cricket is an illustrated literary magazine for children published in the United States, founded in September 1973 by Marianne Carus whose intent was to create ""The New Yorker" for children."

Question: Which publication was founded earlier, Cricket or Who Put the Bomp?
Answer: Who Put The Bomp
Controlla
"Controlla" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake, recorded for his studio album "Views". The song was released as the fourth single from the album in the US on June 7, 2016. The dancehall song was written by Drake, Matthew Samuels, Dwayne Chin-Quee, Stephen McGregor, Moses Davis, Donald Dennis, Gary Jackson, Patrick Roberts, Andrew Thomas, and produced by Boi-1da, Supa Dups, Di Genius, TheFinal1 and Allen Ritter.
Views (album)
Views is the fourth studio album by Canadian rapper Drake. It was released on April 29, 2016, by Cash Money Records, Republic Records, and Young Money Entertainment. Recording sessions took place from 2015 to 2016, with both Drake and his longtime collaborator and record producer 40 serving as the record's executive producers. 40 also primarily handled the production on the album alongside other record producers such as Nineteen85, Maneesh Bidaye, Kanye West, and Jordan Ullman, among others. Featured guest appearances include PartyNextDoor, Pimp C, Dvsn, Wizkid, Kyla, and Rihanna. 
Views (album)
"Views" takes influence from West Indian and West African music. The album marks Drake's first full foray into Jamaican dancehall music, while also featuring other genres such as R&B, trap, Afrobeat, UK funky, and pop. Similar to his previous records, the album sees Drake discussing his relationship woes, experiences with betrayal, and celebrations of loyalty and friendship. The album was supported by five singles: "Hotline Bling", "One Dance", "Pop Style", "Controlla", and "Too Good".

Question: Controlla was recorded for what studio album that was the fourth by Drake, and was released on April 29, 2016 by Young Money Entertainment?
Answer: Views
Miami Hurricanes
The Miami Hurricanes (known informally as The U, UM, UMiami, or The 'Canes) are the intercollegiate varsity sports teams that represent the University of Miami, located in the Coral Gables suburb of Miami, Florida. In box scores for sporting events, the Hurricanes sports teams are usually referred to as Miami (FL) to differentiate from the Miami RedHawks, an NCAA Division I school located in Oxford, Ohio. They compete in the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The university fields 15 athletic teams for 17 varsity sports. Men's teams compete in baseball, basketball, cross-country, diving, football, tennis, and track and field. Women's teams compete in basketball, cross-country, swimming and diving, golf, rowing, soccer, tennis, track and field, and volleyball. UM has approximately equal participation by male and female varsity athletes in these sports.
Robert Walker (American football)
Robert Walker (born June 26, 1972) was an American football running back for the West Virginia Mountaineers. Walker is most remembered for his game-winning run against Miami in 1993.

Question: What year did Robert Walker have a game winning run against The U?
Answer: 1993
Joseph Parker (boxer)
Joseph Dennis Parker, OM (born 9 January 1992), is a New Zealand professional boxer of Samoan heritage. He held the WBO heavyweight title from 2016 to 2018, and previously multiple regional heavyweight championships including the WBO Oriental, Africa, and Oceania titles; as well as the PABA, OPBF, and New Zealand titles. As an amateur he represented New Zealand at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in the super-heavyweight division, and narrowly missed qualification for the 2012 Summer Olympics.
John Parker (boxer)
John Parker (born 8 April 1994) is a New Zealand professional boxer. He is the younger brother of Joseph Parker.

Question: John Parker is the younger brother of a professional boxer that was born what year?
Answer: 1992
The Decemberists
The Decemberists are an American indie rock band from Portland, Oregon. The band consists of Colin Meloy (lead vocals, guitar, principal songwriter), Chris Funk (guitar, multi-instrumentalist), Jenny Conlee (piano, keyboards), Nate Query (bass), and John Moen (drums).
Holidays Rule
Holidays Rule is a collection of holiday music featuring various artists that range from indie rock to jazz and pop, including Paul McCartney, Rufus Wainwright, The Shins. The songs on the compilation are both traditional and modern. The album was released by Hear Music/Concord Music Group on October 30, 2012 in North America. Chris Funk of The Decemberists served as the album’s producer, and he also appears on the album with Black Prairie.

Question: The producer of the Holidays Rule album is a member of an American indie rock band from where?
Answer: Portland, Oregon
Philippines at the Special Olympics World Games
The Philippines has participated in the Special Olympics World Games several times. The team won nine gold medals in the 2007 games, the most it ever had at that time. They have since surpassed that total during the 2015 games, when the team won a total of 64 medals, including 24 gold.
2007 Special Olympics World Summer Games
The 2007 Special Olympics World Summer Games were held in Shanghai, China.

Question: How many gold medals did the Philippines win during the 2007 Special Olympics World Summer Games?
Answer: nine
Bowfell
Bowfell (named "Bow Fell" on Ordnance Survey maps) is a pyramid-shaped mountain lying at the heart of the English Lake District, in the Southern Fells area. It is the sixth-highest mountain in the Lake District and one of the most popular of the Lake District fells for walkers. It is listed in Alfred Wainwright's 'best half dozen' Lake District fells.
Angle Tarn (Langstrath)
Angle Tarn is a tarn to the north of Bowfell in the English Lake District. It drains into Langstrath Beck.

Question: Angle Tarn and Bowfell can be found in what district?
Answer: English Lake District
Emotion
Psychologists have used methods such as factor analysis to attempt to map emotion-related responses onto a more limited number of dimensions. Such methods attempt to boil emotions down to underlying dimensions that capture the similarities and differences between experiences. Often, the first two dimensions uncovered by factor analysis are valence (how negative or positive the experience feels) and arousal (how energized or enervated the experience feels). These two dimensions can be depicted on a 2D coordinate map. This two-dimensional map has been theorized to capture one important component of emotion called core affect. Core affect is not theorized to be the only component to emotion, but to give the emotion its hedonic and felt energy.

Question: What component of emotion provides its perceived energy?
Answer: core affect
Space Race
In simple terms, the Cold War could be viewed as an expression of the ideological struggle between communism and capitalism. The United States faced a new uncertainty beginning in September 1949, when it lost its monopoly on the atomic bomb. American intelligence agencies discovered that the Soviet Union had exploded its first atomic bomb, with the consequence that the United States potentially could face a future nuclear war that, for the first time, might devastate its cities. Given this new danger, the United States participated in an arms race with the Soviet Union that included development of the hydrogen bomb, as well as intercontinental strategic bombers and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) capable of delivering nuclear weapons. A new fear of communism and its sympathizers swept the United States during the 1950s, which devolved into paranoid McCarthyism. With communism spreading in China, Korea, and Eastern Europe, Americans came to feel so threatened that popular and political culture condoned extensive "witch-hunts" to expose communist spies. Part of the American reaction to the Soviet atomic and hydrogen bomb tests included maintaining a large Air Force, under the control of the Strategic Air Command (SAC). SAC employed intercontinental strategic bombers, as well as medium-bombers based close to Soviet airspace (in western Europe and in Turkey) that were capable of delivering nuclear payloads.

Question: The SAC is an abbreviation for what US force?
Answer: Strategic Air Command
European Central Bank
To qualify for participation in the auctions, banks must be able to offer proof of appropriate collateral in the form of loans to other entities. These can be the public debt of member states, but a fairly wide range of private banking securities are also accepted. The fairly stringent membership requirements for the European Union, especially with regard to sovereign debt as a percentage of each member state's gross domestic product, are designed to ensure that assets offered to the bank as collateral are, at least in theory, all equally good, and all equally protected from the risk of inflation.

Question: What kind of proof is acceptable for participation in auctions?
Answer: public debt of member states, but a fairly wide range of private banking securities are also accepted
Zinc
Zinc deficiency appears to be the most common micronutrient deficiency in crop plants; it is particularly common in high-pH soils. Zinc-deficient soil is cultivated in the cropland of about half of Turkey and India, a third of China, and most of Western Australia. Substantial responses to zinc fertilization have been reported in these areas. Plants that grow in soils that are zinc-deficient are more susceptible to disease. Zinc is added to the soil primarily through the weathering of rocks, but humans have added zinc through fossil fuel combustion, mine waste, phosphate fertilizers, pesticide (zinc phosphide), limestone, manure, sewage sludge, and particles from galvanized surfaces. Excess zinc is toxic to plants, although zinc toxicity is far less widespread.

Question: Excess zinc has what effect on plants?
Answer: toxic
Financial crisis of 2007–2008
Behavior that may be optimal for an individual such as saving more during adverse economic conditions, can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior, as ultimately one person's consumption is another person's income. Too many consumers attempting to save or pay down debt simultaneously is called the paradox of thrift and can cause or deepen a recession. Economist Hyman Minsky also described a "paradox of deleveraging" as financial institutions that have too much leverage (debt relative to equity) cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of their assets.

Question: What is an example of something that can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior?
Answer: saving more during adverse economic conditions
Ella Purnell
Ella Summer Purnell (born 17 September 1996) is an English actress best known for the films "Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children" (2016) and "Churchill" (2017). She starred in the lead role of the American television series "Sweetbitter", based on the novel of the same name.
Wildlike
Wildlike is a 2014 American feature film written and directed by Frank Hall Green. Filmed in Alaska and starring Ella Purnell, Bruce Greenwood, Brian Geraghty, Nolan Gerard Funk and Ann Dowd, "Wildlike" has a 92% Fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, and has played over 150 film festivals and won over 100 festival awards.

Question: What English actress appeared in Wildlike and "Never Let Me Go"?
Answer: Ella Purnell
Dana Gaier
Dana Gaier (born August 30, 1997) is an American actress and singer-songwriter who voiced Edith in the "Despicable Me" franchise.
Despicable Me (franchise)
Despicable Me is an animated media franchise produced by Illumination and distributed by Universal Pictures, consisting of four feature films, fifteen short films, and additional merchandise. It centers on Gru, a reformed super-villain (who later becomes a father and secret agent), his yellow-colored Minions; his three adopted daughters, Margo, Edith and Agnes, Dr. Nefario, and his wife, Lucy Wilde.

Question: What franchise produced by Illumination Entertainment has Dana Gaier as Edith? 
Answer: Despicable Me
Janis Ian
Janis Ian (born Janis Eddy Fink; April 7, 1951) is an American singer-songwriter who was most commercially successful in the 1960s and 1970s. Her signature songs are the 1966/67 hit "Society's Child (Baby I've Been Thinking)" and the 1975 Top Ten single "At Seventeen", from her LP "Between the Lines", which in September 1975 reached no. 1 on the "Billboard" album chart.
Honest Lullaby
Honest Lullaby is a 1979 album by Joan Baez. It would be her final album on CBS Records' Portrait imprint, and her last new studio album issued in the U.S. until 1987. The autobiographical title song was written for her son, Gabriel Harris, and was performed on "The Muppet Show" in 1980. In addition to her own compositions, the album contained work by Janis Ian and Jackson Browne. "Let Your Love Flow" was originally a 1976 hit for The Bellamy Brothers. In her 1987 memoir, "And a Voice to Sing With", Baez speculated that she was likely dropped from CBS due to a political disagreement she'd had with the label's then-president.

Question: What was the birthname of the singer-songwriter who was featured in Joan Baez's 1979 album and is known for her album "Between The Lines"?
Answer: Janis Eddy Fink
Tucson, Arizona
Also on the north side is the suburban community of Catalina Foothills, located in the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of the city limits. This community includes among the area's most expensive homes, sometimes multimillion-dollar estates. The Foothills area is generally defined as north of River Road, east of Oracle Road and west of Sabino Creek. Some of the Tucson area's major resorts are in the Catalina Foothills, including the Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort. La Encantada, an upscale outdoor shopping mall, is also in the Foothills.

Question: Where are some of the major resorts of Tuscon?
Answer: Catalina Foothills
Michael Ironside
Frederick Reginald Ironside (born February 12, 1950), known as Michael Ironside, is a Canadian actor and voice actor. He has worked as a voice actor, producer, film director, and screenwriter in film and television series in various Canadian and American productions. He is best known for playing villains and "tough guy" heroes, though he has also portrayed sympathetic characters.
Michael Ironside
Ironside was born in Toronto, Ontario, the son of Robert Walter Ironside and Patricia June Ironside ("née" Passmore). His father was a street lighting technician and laborer and his mother a housewife. He is of English, Irish and Scottish descent, and is one of five children. Ironside attended the Ontario College of Art in Toronto and at age 15 wrote a play, "The Shelter", which won the first prize in a university contest. He also won the Senior writing award at Riverdale Collegiate Institute in 1967.
Sam Fisher (Splinter Cell)
Samuel Fisher is a fictional character and the protagonist of the "Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell" series of video games developed by Ubisoft as well as a series of tie-in novels endorsed by Tom Clancy. His full name is first seen in "Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell", the first game of the series, when he was using the computer in the V-22 Osprey to encrypt his home call. Fisher was originally voiced by veteran actor Michael Ironside in the first five installments of the series. In 2013, Eric Johnson assumed the voice and physical role in "". Ironside later returned to the role in 2018, participating in a crossover downloadable content for "" and again in 2020 for "Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon: Breakpoint".

Question: What is the nationality of the man who voice Sam Fisher in the first five installments?
Answer: Canadian
Pacers–Pistons brawl
The Pacers–Pistons brawl, known colloquially as the "Malice at the Palace", was an altercation that occurred in a National Basketball Association (NBA) game between the Indiana Pacers and the defending champion Detroit Pistons on November 19, 2004, at The Palace in Auburn Hills, Michigan. The Associated Press (AP) called it "the most infamous brawl in NBA history."
The Palace of Auburn Hills
The Palace of Auburn Hills, commonly referred to as The Palace, was a multi-purpose arena located in Auburn Hills, Michigan. It was the home of the Detroit Pistons of the National Basketball Association (NBA), the Detroit Shock of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), the Detroit Vipers of the International Hockey League, the Detroit Rockers of the National Professional Soccer League, the Detroit Neon/Detroit Safari of the Continental Indoor Soccer League, and the Detroit Fury of the Arena Football League.

Question: What WNBA team formerly played at the location of the Pacers–Pistons brawl?
Answer: Detroit Shock
Phaeochlaena costaricensis
Phaeochlaena costaricensis is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by James S. Miller in 2008. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
Panama
Panama ( , ; ] ( ) ), officially the Republic of Panama ( ), is a transcontinental country in Central America and South America, bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The capital and largest city is Panama City, whose metropolitan area is home to nearly half the country's /1e6 round 0 million people.

Question: Phaeochlaena costaricensis is found in a country located where?
Answer: Central America
Myanmar
A diverse range of indigenous cultures exist in Myanmar, with majority culture primarily Buddhist and Bamar. Bamar culture has been influenced by the cultures of neighbouring countries, manifested in its language, cuisine, music, dance and theatre. The arts, particularly literature, have historically been influenced by the local form of Theravada Buddhism. Considered the national epic of Myanmar, the "Yama Zatdaw", an adaptation of India's "Ramayana", has been influenced greatly by Thai, Mon, and Indian versions of the play. Buddhism is practised along with nat worship, which involves elaborate rituals to propitiate one from a pantheon of 37 nats.

Question: Have these cultures developed on there own over time ?
Answer: Bamar culture has been influenced by the cultures of neighbouring countries
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
A route through Beringia is seen as more likely than the Solutrean hypothesis. Kashani et al. 2012 state that "The similarities in ages and geographical distributions for C4c and the previously analyzed X2a lineage provide support to the scenario of a dual origin for Paleo-Indians. Taking into account that C4c is deeply rooted in the Asian portion of the mtDNA phylogeny and is indubitably of Asian origin, the finding that C4c and X2a are characterized by parallel genetic histories definitively dismisses the controversial hypothesis of an Atlantic glacial entry route into North America."

Question: Because C4c and X2a are characterized by parallel genetic histories means what controversial hypothesis may be dismissed?
Answer: an Atlantic glacial entry route into North America
Kornwerderzand
Kornwerderzand (West Frisian: Koarnwertersân) is a settlement on the Afsluitdijk, a major dam in the Netherlands that links Friesland with North Holland.
Afsluitdijk
The Afsluitdijk (] ( ) ; ; ) is a major dam and causeway in the Netherlands. It was constructed between 1927 and 1932 and runs from Den Oever in North Holland province to the village of Zurich in Friesland province, over a length of 32 km and a width of 90 m , at an initial height of 7.25 m above sea level.

Question: how is the Kornwerderzand related to the Afsluitdijk?
Answer: major dam