qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Green
There is no natural source for green food colorings which has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Chlorophyll, the E numbers E140 and E141, is the most common green chemical found in nature, and only allowed in certain medicines and cosmetic materials. Quinoline Yellow (E104) is a commonly used coloring in the United Kingdom but is banned in Australia, Japan, Norway and the United States. Green S (E142) is prohibited in many countries, for it is known to cause hyperactivity, asthma, urticaria, and insomnia.

Question: What is the most common green chemical found in nature?
Answer: Chlorophyll
IWA Mid-South
Independent Wrestling Association (IWA) Mid-South (also known as IWA Mid-South, IWA-MS, and IWA Mid South Wrestling) is an American independent professional wrestling promotion based in Jeffersonville, Indiana. It was formed by Ian Rotten in 1996.
Bull Pain
Frank Vizi is an American professional wrestler, better known by the ring names Bull Pain, Rick Gantner and Psycho. He is best known for his appearances with promotion such as the American Wrestling Association, World Wrestling Federation, World Championship Wrestling and Extreme Championship Wrestling, as well as for independent promotions such as the World Wrestling Council, Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South, Juggalo Championship Wrestling and Chikara.

Question: Who formed the American independent professional wrestling promotion based in Louisville that featured appearances by Bull Pain?
Answer: Ian Rotten
1999 British Grand Prix
The 1999 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 11 July 1999 at the Silverstone Circuit near Silverstone, England. It was the eighth race of the 1999 Formula One season. The 60-lap race was won by McLaren driver David Coulthard after he started from third position. Eddie Irvine finished second for the Ferrari team and Williams driver Ralf Schumacher came in third.
Williams Grand Prix Engineering
Williams Grand Prix Engineering Limited, currently racing in Formula One as Williams Racing, is a British Formula One motor racing team and constructor. It was founded by team owner Sir Frank Williams and automotive engineer Sir Patrick Head. It is still run by Williams. The team was formed in after Frank Williams's two earlier unsuccessful F1 operations: Frank Williams Racing Cars (1969 to 1975) and Wolf–Williams Racing (1976). All of Williams F1 chassis are called "FW" then a number, the FW being the initials of team owner, Frank Williams.

Question:  Sir Frank Williams' racing team came in third in the 1999 British Grand Prix losing to?
Answer: David Coulthard
Sichuan
Sichuan consists of two geographically very distinct parts. The eastern part of the province is mostly within the fertile Sichuan basin (which is shared by Sichuan with Chongqing Municipality). The western Sichuan consists of the numerous mountain ranges forming the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau, which are known generically as Hengduan Mountains. One of these ranges, Daxue Mountains, contains the highest point of the province Gongga Shan, at above sea level. The mountains are formed by the collision of the Tibetan Plateau with the Yangtze Plate. Faults here include the Longmenshan Fault which ruptured during the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. Other mountain ranges surround the Sichuan Basin from north, east, and south. Among them are the Daba Mountains, in the province's northeast.

Question: What makes up majority of the eastern Sichuan province?
Answer: Sichuan basin
Frédéric Chopin
From September 1823 to 1826, Chopin attended the Warsaw Lyceum, where he received organ lessons from the Czech musician Wilhelm Würfel during his first year. In the autumn of 1826 he began a three-year course under the Silesian composer Józef Elsner at the Warsaw Conservatory, studying music theory, figured bass, and composition. Throughout this period he continued to compose and to give recitals in concerts and salons in Warsaw. He was engaged by the inventors of the "aeolomelodicon" (a combination of piano and mechanical organ), and on this instrument, in May 1825 he performed his own improvisation and part of a concerto by Moscheles. The success of this concert led to an invitation to give a recital on a similar instrument (the "aeolopantaleon") before Tsar Alexander I, who was visiting Warsaw; the Tsar presented him with a diamond ring. At a subsequent aeolopantaleon concert on 10 June 1825, Chopin performed his Rondo Op. 1. This was the first of his works to be commercially published and earned him his first mention in the foreign press, when the Leipzig "Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung" praised his "wealth of musical ideas".

Question: On what date was Frédéric's first performance that earned international esteem?
Answer: 10 June 1825
Montevideo
There are several other important art museums in Montevideo. The National Museum of Visual Arts in Parque Rodó has Uruguay's largest collection of paintings. The Juan Manuel Blanes Museum was founded in 1930, the 100th anniversary of the first Constitution of Uruguay, significant with regard to the fact that Juan Manuel Blanes painted Uruguayan patriotic themes. In back of the museum is a Japanese Garden with a pond where there are over a hundred carp. The Museo de Historia del Arte, located in the Palacio Municipal, features replicas of ancient monuments and exhibits a varied collection of artifacts from Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Greece, Rome and Native American cultures including local finds of the pre-Columbian period. The Museo Municipal Precolombino y Colonial, in the Ciudad Vieja, has preserved collections of the archaeological finds from excavations carried out by Uruguayan archaeologist Antonio Taddei. These antiquaries are exhibits of pre-Columbian art of Latin America, painting and sculpture from the 17th and 18th century mostly from Mexico, Peru and Brazil. The Museo de Arte Contempo has small but impressive exhibits of modern Uruguayan painting and sculpture.

Question: When was the Juan Manuel Blanes Museum founded?
Answer: 1930
Osiel Cárdenas Guillén
Osiel Cárdenas Guillén (born 18 May 1967) is a Mexican drug lord and the former leader of the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas. Originally a mechanic in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, he entered the cartel by killing Juan García Abrego's friend and competitor Salvador Gómez, after the former's arrest in 1996. As confrontations with rival groups heated up, Osiel Cárdenas sought and recruited over 30 deserters from the "Grupo Aeromóvil de Fuerzas Especiales" to form the cartel's armed wing. Los Zetas served as the hired private mercenary army of the Gulf Cartel.
Osiel Cárdenas Guillén
After a shootout with the Mexican military in 2003, Cárdenas was arrested and imprisoned. In 2007 he was extradited to the U.S. and in 2010 he was sentenced to 25 years in prison for money laundering, drug trafficking, homicide, and for having threatened two U.S. federal agents in 1999. His brother, Mario Cárdenas Guillén, worked for the Gulf Cartel, as did another brother, Antonio Cárdenas Guillén, who was killed by Mexican Marines on 5 November 2010. He is currently imprisoned at USP Lewisburg with a release date of 30 August 2024. His inmate number is 62604-079.
Gulf Cartel
The Gulf Cartel ( , "Golfos", or CDG) is a criminal syndicate and drug trafficking organization in Mexico, and perhaps one of the oldest organized crime groups in the country. It is currently based in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, directly across the U.S. border from Brownsville, Texas.

Question: Osiel Cárdenas Guillén was the leader of the syndicate that was part of what country?
Answer: Mexico
EMI
EMI Group Limited (originally an initialism for Electric and Musical Industries, also referred to as EMI Records Ltd. or simply EMI) was a British transnational conglomerate founded in March 1931 in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth largest business group and record label conglomerate in the music industry, and was one of the "Big Four" record companies (now the "Big Three"). Its labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records, and Capitol Records, which are now owned by other companies.
EMI
EMI was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, but faced financial problems and US$4 billion in debt, leading to its acquisition by Citigroup in February 2011. Citigroup's ownership was temporary, as EMI announced in November 2011 that it would sell its music arm to Vivendi's Universal Music Group for $1.9 billion and its publishing business to a Sony/ATV consortium for around $2.2 billion. Other members of the Sony consortium include the estate of Michael Jackson, the Blackstone Group, and the Abu Dhabi-owned Mubadala Development Company. EMI's locations in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada were all disassembled to repay debt, but the primary head office located outside those countries is still functional.
Different (Kate Ryan album)
Different is the debut studio album by Belgian singer Kate Ryan. It was released in 2002 by EMI Records. The album was produced by AJ Duncan and Phil Wilde. It peaked at number eight in Belgium and was certified Gold. It also had moderate success across Europe selling 250,000 copies.

Question: Which London-based record company released Kate Ryan's album, Different?
Answer: EMI
The Sun (United Kingdom)
On 6 February 2015, it was announced that Judge Richard Marks was to be replaced by Judge Charles Wide at the retrial. Two days earlier, Marks had emailed counsel for the defendants, telling them: "It has been decided (not by me but by my elders and betters) that I am not going to be doing the retrial". Reporting the decision in UK newspaper "The Guardian", Lisa O'Carroll wrote: "Wide is the only judge so far to have presided in a case which has seen a conviction of a journalist in relation to allegations of unlawful payments to public officials for stories. The journalist, who cannot be named for legal reasons, is appealing the verdict". Defence counsel for the four journalists threatened to take the decision to judicial review, with the barrister representing Pharo, Nigel Rumfitt QC, saying: "The way this has come about gives rise to the impression that something has been going on behind the scenes which should not have been going on behind the scenes and which should have been dealt with transparently". He added that the defendants were "extremely concerned" and "entitled" to know why Marks was being replaced by Wide.

Question: In which newspaper did Lisa O'Carroll report the choice of judge?
Answer: The Guardian
Tevin Coleman
Tevin Ford Coleman (born April 16, 1993) is an American football running back for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Atlanta Falcons in the third round of the 2015 NFL Draft. He played college football at Indiana, where he was a unanimous All-American.
1991 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1991 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented Indiana University in the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. They participated as members of the Big Ten Conference. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Bill Mallory, in his eighth year as head coach of the Hoosiers. The Hoosiers participated in the Copper Bowl, a post-season matchup against Baylor. The Hoosiers won, 24–0. Vaughn Dunbar set the school record for rushing yards in a single season with 1,805 yards. This record stood until 2014 when it was broken by Tevin Coleman with 2,036 yards.

Question: When was the American footballer born who broke record for rushing yards in a single season with 1,805 yards?
Answer: April 16, 1993
Annelid
Earthworms are oligochaetes that support terrestrial food chains both as prey and in some regions are important in aeration and enriching of soil. The burrowing of marine polychaetes, which may constitute up to a third of all species in near-shore environments, encourages the development of ecosystems by enabling water and oxygen to penetrate the sea floor. In addition to improving soil fertility, annelids serve humans as food and as bait. Scientists observe annelids to monitor the quality of marine and fresh water. Although blood-letting is used less frequently by doctors, some leech species are regarded as endangered species because they have been over-harvested for this purpose in the last few centuries. Ragworms' jaws are now being studied by engineers as they offer an exceptional combination of lightness and strength.

Question: How do earthworms help the soil they live in?
Answer: aeration and enriching
Korean War
Stalin initially did not think the time was right for a war in Korea. PLA forces were still embroiled in the Chinese Civil War, while US forces remained stationed in South Korea. By spring 1950, he believed that the strategic situation had changed: PLA forces under Mao Zedong had secured final victory in China, US forces had withdrawn from Korea, and the Soviets had detonated their first nuclear bomb, breaking the US atomic monopoly. As the US had not directly intervened to stop the communist victory in China, Stalin calculated that they would be even less willing to fight in Korea, which had much less strategic significance. The Soviets had also cracked the codes used by the US to communicate with their embassy in Moscow, and reading these dispatches convinced Stalin that Korea did not have the importance to the US that would warrant a nuclear confrontation. Stalin began a more aggressive strategy in Asia based on these developments, including promising economic and military aid to China through the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance.

Question: Who was convinced that the US did was no longer interested in Korea?
Answer: Stalin
Plymouth
Plymouth lies between the River Plym to the east and the River Tamar to the west; both rivers flow into the natural harbour of Plymouth Sound. Since 1967, the unitary authority of Plymouth has included the, once independent, towns of Plympton and Plymstock which lie along the east of the River Plym. The River Tamar forms the county boundary between Devon and Cornwall and its estuary forms the Hamoaze on which is sited Devonport Dockyard.

Question: What river is to the west of Plymouth?
Answer: River Tamar
New York City
In 1609, the English explorer Henry Hudson rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the Northwest Passage to the Orient for the Dutch East India Company. He proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the "Mauritius" after Maurice, Prince of Orange. Hudson's first mate described the harbor as "a very good Harbour for all windes" and the river as "a mile broad" and "full of fish". Hudson sailed roughly 150 miles north, past the site of the present-day New York State capital city of Albany, in the belief that it might be an oceanic tributary before the river became too shallow to continue. He made a ten-day exploration of the area and claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between Cape Cod and Delaware Bay was claimed by the Netherlands and called "Nieuw-Nederland" (New Netherland).

Question: Henry Hudson worked for which company in the 1600s?
Answer: Dutch East India Company
Wellesley College
Wellesley College is a private women's liberal arts college in Wellesley, Massachusetts. Founded in 1870 by Henry and Pauline Durant, it is a member of the original Seven Sisters Colleges. Wellesley is home to 56 departmental and interdepartmental majors spanning the liberal arts, as well as over 150 student clubs and organizations. Wellesley athletes compete in the NCAA Division III New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference.
Page Hopkins
Page Hopkins is an American journalist who currently appears on MSNBC's "First Look" and NBC's "Early Today". Most recently, Hopkins interviewed Randy Roberts Potts on growing up with his grandfather Oral Roberts and then later revealing his homosexuality in his adult life. Hopkins graduated from Wellesley College before beginning a career as a television journalist. Gaining experience first as a producer, and then anchor for several local network affiliates Hopkins joined Bloomberg Television as the morning anchor of "Moneycast" in 1999. In 2002 Hopkins began working at Fox News and became the co-anchor of "Fox & Friends Weekend" as well as "Fox News Live" and "Breaking News Desk". She also served as a panelist on "The Live Desk", participating in panel discussions of the day’s top stories.

Question: In what year was the college from which Page Hopkins graduated founded?
Answer: 1870
Nanjing
Both the Qing viceroy and the Taiping king resided in buildings that would later be known as the Presidential Palace. When Qing forces led by Zeng Guofan retook the city in 1864, a massive slaughter occurred in the city with over 100,000 estimated to have committed suicide or fought to the death. Since the Taiping Rebellion began, Qing forces allowed no rebels speaking its dialect to surrender. This systematic mass murder of civilians occurred in Nanjing.

Question: Who lived in buildings that would later come to be known as the Presidential Palace?
Answer: the Qing viceroy and the Taiping king
Family Life (Amish magazine)
Family Life is a magazine published by, and primarily for, the Old Order Amish. The publisher is Pathway Publishers of Aylmer, Ontario, Canada. Unlike some Amish publications, "Family Life" is printed entirely in English rather than Pennsylvania Dutch or German.
D Magazine
D Magazine is a monthly magazine covering Dallas-Fort Worth. It is headquartered in Downtown Dallas.

Question: Which magazine is headquartered in the United States, D Magazine or Family Life?
Answer: D Magazine
Baptists
A minority view is that early-17th-century Baptists were influenced by (but not directly connected to) continental Anabaptists. According to this view, the General Baptists shared similarities with Dutch Waterlander Mennonites (one of many Anabaptist groups) including believer's baptism only, religious liberty, separation of church and state, and Arminian views of salvation, predestination and original sin. Representative writers including A.C. Underwood and William R. Estep. Gourley wrote that among some contemporary Baptist scholars who emphasize the faith of the community over soul liberty, the Anabaptist influence theory is making a comeback.

Question: Who are two representative writers?
Answer: A.C. Underwood and William R. Estep. Gourley
Tennessee
Most of the state has a humid subtropical climate, with the exception of some of the higher elevations in the Appalachians, which are classified as having a mountain temperate or humid continental climate due to cooler temperatures. The Gulf of Mexico is the dominant factor in the climate of Tennessee, with winds from the south being responsible for most of the state's annual precipitation. Generally, the state has hot summers and mild to cool winters with generous precipitation throughout the year, with highest average monthly precipitation generally in the winter and spring months, between December and April. The driest months, on average, are August to October. On average the state receives 50 in of precipitation annually. Snowfall ranges from 5 in in West Tennessee to over 80 in in the highest mountains in East Tennessee.

Question: Most of Tennessee has which type of climate?
Answer: humid subtropical
Moonbabies (band)
Moonbabies is a Swedish duo formed in 1997 by vocalists, multi-instrumentalists, producers, and songwriters Ola Frick (Vocals, guitar and various instruments) and Carina Johansson (Vocals and keyboards).
Moonbabies (band)
Their earliest efforts recalled early Indie/Shoegazer influences by bands like My Bloody Valentine and Cocteau Twins, but with their 2004 album "The Orange Billboard", developed into more sophisticated pop music with a touch of The Beach Boys and The Beatles, as well as experimentation with electronics. The Single/Mini-album War on Sound was released in 2005 and became an immediate indie-anthem and followed success on radio and TV-shows like Grey's Anatomy. In 2007 "Moonbabies at the Ballroom" was released, a somewhat more constructed and song-oriented album including Take me to the Ballroom, Shout it Out, Walking on my Feet and Cocobelle which all were frequently aired on college radio worldwide and included in several TV shows and commercials. Their comeback album Wizards on the Beach was released in April 2015.
The Get Up Kids
The Get Up Kids are an American rock band from Kansas City, Missouri. Formed in 1995, the band was a major player in the mid-1990s Midwest emo scene, otherwise known as the "" of emo music. As they gained prominence, they began touring with bands such as Green Day and Weezer before becoming headliners themselves, eventually embarking on international tours of Japan and Europe. They founded Heroes & Villains Records, an imprint of the successful indie rock label Vagrant Records. While the imprint was started to release albums by The Get Up Kids, it served as a launching pad for several side-projects such as The New Amsterdams and Reggie and the Full Effect.

Question: Who formed first, The Get Up Kids or Moonbabies?
Answer: The Get Up Kids
The Wild and Wonderful Whites of West Virginia
The Wild and Wonderful Whites of West Virginia is a 2009 documentary film directed by Julien Nitzberg, chronicling the White family of Boone County, West Virginia.
Julien Nitzberg
Julien Nitzberg (born 1965) is an American screenwriter, stage writer, lyricist, theater director and film director, best known in the film world as the director of the documentary "The Wild and Wonderful Whites of West Virginia". In the theater world, Nitzberg is best known for writing the book and lyrics for two musicals. His first musical was "The Beastly Bombing or A Terrible Tale of Terrorists Tamed by the Tangles of True Love." Nitzberg wrote the book and lyrics and directed this musical in Los Angeles and New York. "The Beastly Bombing" won the LA Weekly Theater Award for Best Musical of the Year. His second musical was "For the Love of a Glove: An Unauthorized Musical Fable About the Life of Michael Jackson As Told By His Glove."

Question: Where is the family the writer of The Beastly Bombing  made a documentary about from?
Answer: Boone County, West Virginia
Richmond, Virginia
The city is home to many monuments and memorials, most notably those along Monument Avenue. Other monuments include the A.P. Hill monument, the Bill "Bojangles" Robinson monument in Jackson Ward, the Christopher Columbus monument near Byrd Park. On June 9, 2020, protesters tore down the Columbus monument and threw it in Fountain Lake. Located near Byrd Park is the famous World War I Memorial Carillon, a 56-bell carillon tower. Dedicated in 1956, the Virginia War Memorial is located on Belvedere overlooking the river, and is a monument to Virginians who died in battle in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq War.

Question: Near what park is the monument dedicated to the person traditionally regarded as discovering America?
Answer: Byrd
Justin Trudeau
Justin Pierre James Trudeau {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( , ; ] ; born December 25, 1971) is a Canadian politician who has served as the 23rd prime minister of Canada since 2015 and has been the leader of the Liberal Party since 2013. Trudeau is the second-youngest Canadian prime minister after Joe Clark; he is also the first to be related to a previous holder of the post, as the eldest son of Pierre Trudeau.
Sophie Grégoire Trudeau
Sophie Grégoire (] ; born April 24, 1975), also known as Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, is a former television host. She is married to the 23rd prime minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau. She is involved in charity work and public speaking, focusing mainly on women's and children's issues.
Sophie Grégoire Trudeau
Grégoire was born on April 24, 1975, in Montreal, Quebec, the only child of Jean Grégoire, a stockbroker, and Estelle Blais, a Franco-Ontarian nurse. Her family lived north of the city, in Sainte-Adèle, eventually relocating to Montreal when she was four years old. She was raised thereafter in Montreal's Mount Royal suburb, where she was a classmate and childhood friend of Michel Trudeau, the youngest son of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and his wife Margaret; and brother of Grégoire's future husband, Justin Trudeau.

Question:  Sophie Grégoire is married to what Canadian politician?
Answer: Justin Trudeau
Muammar Gaddafi
Although theoretically a collegial body operating through consensus building, Gaddafi dominated the RCC. Some of the others attempted to constrain what they saw as his excesses. Gaddafi remained the government's public face, with the identities of the other RCC members only being publicly revealed on 10 January 1970. All young men from (typically rural) working and middle-class backgrounds, none had university degrees; in this way they were distinct from the wealthy, highly educated conservatives who previously governed the country.

Question: Why did Gaddafi select these men as RCC members?
Answer: they were distinct from the wealthy, highly educated conservatives who previously governed the country.
Seth Savoy
Seth Savoy (born April 23, 1992) is a Cajun American film director and screenwriter raised in Little Rock, Arkansas. He graduated from Columbia College Chicago.
Frank Henenlotter
Frank Henenlotter (born August 29, 1950 in New York City) is an American screenwriter, film director and film historian. He is known primarily for his horror comedies, though he would prefer to be classified as an "exploitation" filmmaker (rather than horror). "I never felt that I made ‘horror films’, he has said. "I always felt that I made exploitation films. Exploitation films have an attitude more than anything – an attitude that you don’t find with mainstream Hollywood productions. They’re a little ruder, a little raunchier, they deal with material people don’t usually touch on, whether it’s sex or drugs or rock and roll."

Question: Seth Savoy and Frank Henenlotter, have which mutual occupations?
Answer: film director and screenwriter
Carnival
The Carnival in Uruguay lasts more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called "Desfile de Carnaval" (Carnival Parade) and "Desfile de Llamadas" (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade).

Question: How many days does the Carnival in Uruguay last for?
Answer: more than 40
Mackenzie Davis
Mackenzie Davis (born April 1, 1987) is a Canadian actress. She made her feature film debut in "Smashed", and later appeared in "Breathe In", "That Awkward Moment", "The Martian", "Blade Runner 2049", and "The F Word", receiving a Canadian Screen Award nomination for the latter. From 2014 to 2017, she starred as computer programmer Cameron Howe in the television series "Halt and Catch Fire". She also co-starred in the "San Junipero" episode of the television series "Black Mirror". In 2019, she starred as the augmented super-soldier Grace in "".
That Awkward Moment
That Awkward Moment (released as Are We Officially Dating? in Australia, Indonesia, and New Zealand) is a 2014 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Tom Gormican in his directorial debut. The film stars Zac Efron, Miles Teller, Michael B. Jordan, Imogen Poots, Mackenzie Davis, and Jessica Lucas. The film had its Los Angeles premiere on January 27, 2014, and it was widely released on January 31 in the United States.

Question: Who directed the  American romantic comedy-drama which Mackenzie Davis  made her film debut in 
Answer: Tom Gormican
Northwestern University
Undergraduate cost of attendance for the 2012/13 school year was $61,240; this includes the basic tuition of $43,380, fees (health $200, etc.), room and board of $13,329 (less if commuting), books and supplies $1,842, personal expenses $1,890, transportation cost of $400. Northwestern awards financial aid solely on the basis of need through loans, work-study, grants, and scholarships. The university processed in excess of $472 million in financial aid for the 2009–2010 academic year. This included $265 million in institutional funds, with the remainder coming from federal and state governments and private organizations and individuals. Northwestern scholarship programs for undergraduate students support needy students from a variety of income and backgrounds. Approximately 44 percent of the June 2010 graduates had received federal and/or private loans for their undergraduate education, graduating with an average debt of $17,200.

Question: On what basis does Northwestern award financial aid?
Answer: need
Financial crisis of 2007–2008
The term financial innovation refers to the ongoing development of financial products designed to achieve particular client objectives, such as offsetting a particular risk exposure (such as the default of a borrower) or to assist with obtaining financing. Examples pertinent to this crisis included: the adjustable-rate mortgage; the bundling of subprime mortgages into mortgage-backed securities (MBS) or collateralized debt obligations (CDO) for sale to investors, a type of securitization; and a form of credit insurance called credit default swaps (CDS). The usage of these products expanded dramatically in the years leading up to the crisis. These products vary in complexity and the ease with which they can be valued on the books of financial institutions.

Question: What is the financial innovation that bundles subprime mortgages?
Answer: mortgage-backed securities (MBS)
Frank Grillo
Frank Anthony Grillo (born June 8, 1965) is an American actor known for his roles in films such as "Warrior" (2011), "The Grey" (2012), "End of Watch" (2012), and "Zero Dark Thirty" (2012). He had his first leading role in the action horror film "" (2014), portraying Sergeant Leo Barnes, a role he reprised in "" (2016). He also plays the Marvel supervillain Brock Rumlow / Crossbones in the Marvel Cinematic Universe and amoral mercenary Big Daddy in the Chinese action film "Wolf Warrior 2" (2017), the highest-grossing non-Hollywood film of all time. Also in 2017, he played the main role in the Netflix film "Wheelman" as a getaway driver in a botched bank heist. Grillo's television work includes recurring roles in the series "Battery Park" (2000), "For the People" (2002–2003), "The Shield" (2002–2003), "Prison Break" (2005–2006), "Blind Justice" (2005), and "The Kill Point" (2007). He has also starred as Hart Jessup in the soap opera "Guiding Light" (1996–1999), Nick Monohan in the sci-fi series "The Gates" (2010), and between 2014 and 2017, he played Alvey Kulina in the DirecTV drama series "Kingdom".
Byron Balasco
Byron Balasco is an American television producer and screenwriter. He has written and produced for the shows "Without a Trace" (20062009), "FlashForward" (2010), and "Detroit 1-8-7" (20102011). In 2014, he signed on to executive produce and write for the series he created "Kingdom" featuring Frank Grillo.

Question: Which of Byron Balasco's series featured an actor who also played in Zero Dark Thirty?
Answer: Kingdom
Josip Broz Tito
In May 1913, Broz was conscripted into the Austro-Hungarian Army, for his compulsory two years of service. He successfully requested to serve with the 25th Croatian Home Guard ( ) Regiment garrisoned in Zagreb. After learning to ski during the winter of 1913 and 1914, Broz was sent to a school for non-commissioned officers (NCO) in Budapest, after which he was promoted to sergeant major. At 22 years of age, he was the youngest of that rank in his regiment. At least one source states that he was the youngest sergeant major in the Austro-Hungarian Army. After winning the regimental fencing competition, Broz came in second in the army fencing championships in Budapest in May 1914.

Question: What position in the army did he become after office school?
Answer: sergeant
Tajikistan
It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultural centres of Iran and the region was known as Khorasan. The Kara-Khanid Khanate conquered Transoxania (which corresponds approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan and southwest Kazakhstan) and ruled between 999–1211. Their arrival in Transoxania signalled a definitive shift from Iranian to Turkic predominance in Central Asia, but gradually the Kara-khanids became assimilated into the Perso-Arab Muslim culture of the region.

Question: Who took control of the regin in 710?
Answer: Umayyads
Plymouth
The city was also home to the Royal Naval Engineering College; opened in 1880 in Keyham, it trained engineering students for five years before they completed the remaining two years of the course at Greenwich. The college closed in 1910, but in 1940 a new college opened at Manadon. This was renamed "Dockyard Technical College" in 1959 before finally closing in 1994; training was transferred to the University of Southampton.

Question: When did the Royal Naval Engineering College shut its doors in Plymouth?
Answer: 1910
Shed Seven
Shed Seven are an English alternative rock band, formed in York in 1990. One of the groups which contributed to the Britpop music scene of the 1990s, they never attained the degree of mainstream success achieved by the likes of Oasis and Blur. They originally comprised singer Rick Witter, guitarist/keyboardist Joe Johnson, bassist Tom Gladwin and drummer Alan Leach. Johnson was later replaced by Paul Banks.
Cake (band)
Cake (stylized CAKE) is an American alternative rock band from Sacramento, California, consisting of singer John McCrea, trumpeter Vince DiFiore, guitarist Xan McCurdy, bassist Daniel McCallum and drummer Todd Roper. The band has been noted for McCrea's sarcastic lyrics and monotone vocals, and their wide-ranging musical influences, including country music, Mariachi, rock, funk, Iranian folk music and hip hop.

Question: Shed Seven and Cake, are which type of group and genre?
Answer: alternative rock band
Michael Cassio
Michael Cassio, or simply Cassio ( ), is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's "Othello". The source of the character is the 1565 tale "Un Capitano Moro" by Cinthio; Cassio is unnamed in Cinthio but referred to as "the squadron leader". In the play, Cassio is a young and handsome lieutenant under Othello's command who becomes one of Iago's several victims in a plot to ruin Othello.
Roderigo
Roderigo is a fictional character in Shakespeare's "Othello" (c.1601-1604), where he serves as the secondary antagonist of the play. He is a dissolute Venetian lusting after Othello's wife Desdemona. Roderigo has opened his purse to Iago in the mistaken belief that Iago is using his money to pave the way to Desdemona's bed. When the assassination of Michael Cassio runs amiss, Iago fatally wounds Roderigo.

Question: In Shakespeare's "Othello," Iago plotted to assassinate which person under Othello's command and failed?
Answer: Michael Cassio
NHL 18
NHL 18 is an ice hockey simulation video game developed by EA Canada and published by EA Sports. It was released on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on September 15, 2017. It is the 27th installment in the "NHL" video game series and features Edmonton Oilers captain Connor McDavid on the cover.
Connor McDavid
Connor Andrew McDavid (born January 13, 1997) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre and captain of the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is considered to be one of the best players in the world by many colleagues and members of the news media. Having been selected first overall by the Oilers in the 2015 NHL Entry Draft, McDavid has won the Art Ross Trophy twice as the leading scorer in the league, the Hart Memorial Trophy, given to the player judged most valuable to his team, in 2017, and the Ted Lindsay Award twice as the best player voted by other NHL players.

Question: Who published the video game that features a Canadian Ice hockey centre and captain in the NHL?
Answer: EA Sports
Plymouth
From the 2011 Census, the Office for National Statistics published that Plymouth's unitary authority area population was 256,384; 15,664 more people than that of the last census from 2001, which indicated that Plymouth had a population of 240,720. The Plymouth urban area had a population of 260,203 in 2011 (the urban sprawl which extends outside the authority's boundaries). The city's average household size was 2.3 persons. At the time of the 2011 UK census, the ethnic composition of Plymouth's population was 96.2% White (of 92.9% was White British), with the largest minority ethnic group being Chinese at 0.5%. The white Irish ethnic group saw the largest decline in its share of the population since the 2001 Census (−24%), while the "Other Asian" and Black African had the largest increases (360% and 351% respectively). This excludes the two new ethnic groups added to the 2011 census of Gypsy or Irish Traveller and Arab. The population rose rapidly during the second half of the 19th century, but declined by over 1.6% from 1931 to 1951.

Question: What percentage of Plymouth residents in 2011 were of Chinese ancestry?
Answer: 0.5
Chinese characters
One of the most complex characters found in modern Chinese dictionaries is (U+9F49) ("nàng", , pictured below, middle image), meaning "snuffle" (that is, a pronunciation marred by a blocked nose), with "just" thirty-six strokes. Another stroke-rich characters are 靐 (bìng), with 39 strokes and 䨻 (bèng), with 52 strokes, meaning the loud noise thunder. However, these are not in common use. The most complex character that can be input using the Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a for traditional Chinese is ("dá", "the appearance of a dragon flying"). It is composed of the dragon radical represented three times, for a total of 16 × 3 = 48 strokes. Among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries and also in "frequent modern use" are ("yù", "to implore"), with 32 strokes; ("yù", "luxuriant, lush; gloomy"), with 29 strokes, as in ("yōuyù", "depressed"); ("yàn", "colorful"), with 28 strokes; and ("xìn", "quarrel"), with 25 strokes, as in ("tiǎoxìn", "to pick a fight"). Also in occasional modern use is ("xiān" "fresh"; variant of "xiān") with 33 strokes.

Question: What features 33 strokes?
Answer: xiān
Calamity Jane (musical)
Calamity Jane (A Musical Western) is a stage musical based on the historical figure of frontierswoman Calamity Jane. The non-historical, somewhat farcical plot involves the authentic Calamity Jane's professional associate Wild Bill Hickok, and presents the two as having a contentious relationship that ultimately proves to be a facade for mutually amorous feelings. The "Calamity Jane" stage musical was an adaption of a 1953 Warner Bros. movie musical of the same name that starred Doris Day. First produced in 1961, the stage musical "Calamity Jane" features six songs not heard in the movie. According to Jodie Prenger, star of the "Calamity Jane" 2014–15 UK tour, the songs added for the stage musical had been written for but not included in the "Calamity Jane" movie ("Love You Dearly" had been used in the 1954 Doris Day musical film "Lucky Me").
Jodie Prenger
Jodie Prenger (born 12 June 1979) is an English actress and singer, best known as the winner of BBC television series "I'd Do Anything" on 31 May 2008 and the second series of "The Biggest Loser" in 2006.

Question: Which English actress and singer was in Calamity Jane?
Answer: Jodie Prenger
History (American TV network)
History (formerly The History Channel from 1995 to 2008 and stylized as HISTORY) is a pay television network and flagship channel that is owned by A&E Networks, a joint venture between Hearst Communications and the Disney Media Networks division of the Walt Disney Company.
History (American TV network)
The network was originally focused on history-based documentaries and historical fiction series though, during the late 2000s, History would drift into reality television programming. In addition to this change in format, the network is also criticized by many scientists, historians, and skeptics for broadcasting pseudodocumentaries and unsubstantiated, sensational investigative programming.
Big Rig Bounty Hunters
Big Rig Bounty Hunters is an American reality TV program, which aired from February 14, 2013, to June 30, 2014, on the History Channel. The series followed bounty hunters who search for and retrieve lost, stolen, or otherwise missing tractor-trailer rigs, and, in some cases, towed vehicles and cargo on trailers. The show comprised recreations of situations that may or may not have happened in real life. After the final episode of season 2 aired on June 30, 2014, there hasn't been any news on the fate of the show. Although, the History Channel has removed the shows page from their website.

Question: Which American reality TV program aired on a satellite television network?
Answer: Big Rig Bounty Hunters
Pub
Some names for pubs that seem absurd or whimsical have come from corruptions of old slogans or phrases, such as "The Bag o'Nails" (Bacchanals), "The Goat and Compasses" (God Encompasseth Us), "The Cat and the Fiddle" ("Chaton Fidèle": Faithful Kitten) and "The Bull and Bush", which purportedly celebrates the victory of Henry VIII at "Boulogne Bouche" or Boulogne-sur-Mer Harbour.

Question: Who won a victory at Boulogne-sur-Mer Harbour?
Answer: Henry VIII
Kevin Spacey
Kevin Spacey Fowler {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born July 26, 1959) is an American actor, producer, and singer. Spacey began his career as a stage actor during the 1980s, obtaining supporting roles in film and television. He gained critical acclaim in the 1990s, culminating in an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the neo-noir crime thriller "The Usual Suspects" (1995) and an Academy Award for Best Actor for the midlife crisis-themed drama "American Beauty" (1999). Spacey's first roles in film were in Mike Nichols' "Heartburn" (1986), and "Working Girl" (1988). Spacey's other starring roles have included "Glengarry Glen Ross" (1992), the comedy-drama film "Swimming with Sharks" (1994), the psychological thriller "Seven" (1995), the neo-noir crime film "L.A. Confidential" (1997), the drama "Pay It Forward" (2000), the science fiction-mystery film "K-PAX" (2001), the musical biopic "Beyond the Sea" (2004), the superhero film "Superman Returns" (2006), and the action film "Baby Driver" (2017).
Father of Invention
Father of Invention is a 2010 American comedy-drama film directed by Trent Cooper, and stars Kevin Spacey, Camilla Belle and Johnny Knoxville.

Question: What 2010 American comedy-drama film stars an American actor born July 26, 1959?
Answer: Father of Invention
Republic of the Congo
Congo is located in the central-western part of sub-Saharan Africa, along the Equator, lying between latitudes 4°N and 5°S, and longitudes 11° and 19°E. To the south and east of it is the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is also bounded by Gabon to the west, Cameroon and the Central African Republic to the north, and Cabinda (Angola) to the southwest. It has a short coast on the Atlantic Ocean.

Question: Between which two lines of latitude is the Congo located?
Answer: 4°N and 5°S
The World Without US
The World Without US is a 2008 documentary film created by Mitch Anderson and Jason J. Tomaric. Released in 2008, the documentary explores what might happen if the United States were to leave the international arena, rescind its global reach and become an isolationist nation for the first time since the early 20th century.
Fighting Norway
Fighting Norway is a 10-minute 1943 Canadian documentary, part of the "Canada Carries On" series of short films produced by the National Film Board of Canada. The film was directed by Sydney Newman, one of a number of shorts that were intended for theatrical release.

Question: Which documentary is shorter in length The World Without US or Fighting Norway?
Answer: Fighting Norway
Robert Fleischman
Robert Fleischman (born March 11, 1953) is an American musician, songwriter, and record producer. He is known for working with the rock group Journey, briefly as their lead vocalist in 1977 and occasionally thereafter a songwriting collaborator. 
Jimmy Barnes
James (Jimmy) Dixon Barnes {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (né Swan; born 28 April 1956) is a Scottish-born Australian rock singer and songwriter. His career both as a solo performer and as the lead vocalist with the rock band Cold Chisel has made him one of the most popular and best-selling Australian music artists of all time. The combination of 14 Australian Top 40 albums for Cold Chisel and 13 charting solo albums, including 17 No. 1s, gives Barnes the highest number of hit albums of any Australian or International artist in the Australian market.

Question: Do musicians Robert Fleischman and Jimmy Barnes have the same nationality?
Answer: no
Friedrich Hayek
With the help of Mises, in the late 1920s he founded and served as director of the Austrian Institute for Business Cycle Research before joining the faculty of the London School of Economics (LSE) in 1931 at the behest of Lionel Robbins. Upon his arrival in London, Hayek was quickly recognised as one of the leading economic theorists in the world and his development of the economics of processes in time and the co-ordination function of prices inspired the ground-breaking work of John Hicks, Abba P. Lerner and many others in the development of modern microeconomics.

Question: Who requested that Hayek be employed by LSE?
Answer: Lionel Robbins
Lit (band)
Lit is an American rock band formed in Orange County, California in 1988. They are best known for their song "My Own Worst Enemy".
Phoenix (band)
Phoenix is an indie pop band from Versailles, France, consisting of Thomas Mars (lead vocals), Deck d'Arcy (bass/keyboards/backing vocals), Christian Mazzalai (guitar/backing vocals) and Laurent Brancowitz (guitar/keyboards/backing vocals). While they have released such critically acclaimed records as "United" and "Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix", they are best known for their singles "If I Ever Feel Better", "Lisztomania", "Too Young" and "1901".

Question: Are Phoenix and Lit both pop bands?
Answer: no
Suicide Solution
"Suicide Solution" is a song performed by heavy metal vocalist Ozzy Osbourne, which appears on his 1980 album "Blizzard of Ozz".
Blizzard of Ozz
Blizzard of Ozz is the debut studio album by British heavy metal vocalist Ozzy Osbourne, released on 20 September 1980 in the UK and on 27 March 1981 in the US. The album was Osbourne's first release following his firing from Black Sabbath in 1979. "Blizzard of Ozz" is the first of two studio albums Osbourne recorded with guitarist Randy Rhoads prior to Rhoads' death in 1982. In 2017, it was ranked 9th on "Rolling Stone"'s list of "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time".

Question: “Suicide Solution” is a song from an album released on which date ?
Answer: 20 September 1980
Philosophy of space and time
The example Leibniz uses involves two proposed universes situated in absolute space. The only discernible difference between them is that the latter is positioned five feet to the left of the first. The example is only possible if such a thing as absolute space exists. Such a situation, however, is not possible, according to Leibniz, for if it were, a universe's position in absolute space would have no sufficient reason, as it might very well have been anywhere else. Therefore, it contradicts the principle of sufficient reason, and there could exist two distinct universes that were in all ways indiscernible, thus contradicting the identity of indiscernibles.

Question: What is the only way Leibniz's example would be possible?
Answer: absolute space exists