qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Capacitor
For maximum life, capacitors usually need to be able to handle the maximum amount of reversal that a system may experience. An AC circuit experiences 100% voltage reversal, while underdamped DC circuits experience less than 100%. Reversal creates excess electric fields in the dielectric, causes excess heating of both the dielectric and the conductors, and can dramatically shorten the life expectancy of the capacitor. Reversal ratings often affect the design considerations for the capacitor, from the choice of dielectric materials and voltage ratings to the types of internal connections used.

Question: What percentage of voltage reversal will an under damped DC circuit experience?
Answer: less than 100%
San Diego
The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, iHeartMedia; Entercom Communications, Local Media San Diego, and many other smaller stations and networks. Stations include: KOGO AM 600, KGB AM 760, KCEO AM 1000, KCBQ AM 1170, K-Praise, KLSD AM 1360, KFSD 1450 AM, KPBS-FM 89.5, Channel 933, Star 94.1, FM 94/9, FM News and Talk 95.7, Q96 96.1, KyXy 96.5, Free Radio San Diego (AKA Pirate Radio San Diego) 96.9FM FRSD, KWFN 97.3, KXSN 98.1, Big-FM 100.7, 101.5 KGB-FM, KLVJ 102.1, KSON 103.7, Rock 105.3, and another "Pirate Radio" station at 106.9FM, as well as a number of local Spanish-language radio stations.

Question: What is another name Free Radio San Diego is known by?
Answer: Pirate Radio San Diego
Education
Educational psychology can in part be understood through its relationship with other disciplines. It is informed primarily by psychology, bearing a relationship to that discipline analogous to the relationship between medicine and biology. Educational psychology, in turn, informs a wide range of specialties within educational studies, including instructional design, educational technology, curriculum development, organizational learning, special education and classroom management. Educational psychology both draws from and contributes to cognitive science and the learning sciences. In universities, departments of educational psychology are usually housed within faculties of education, possibly accounting for the lack of representation of educational psychology content in introductory psychology textbooks (Lucas, Blazek, & Raley, 2006).

Question: Where does education psychology draw from?
Answer: contributes to cognitive science and the learning sciences
Family Circle
"Family Circle" began publication in 1932. It was initially distributed for free at Piggly Wiggly supermarkets, until it was offered as a freestanding publication in 1946. 
Family Circle
Cowles Magazines and Broadcasting bought the magazine in 1962. The New York Times Company bought the magazine for its woman's magazine division in 1971. The division was sold to Gruner + Jahr in 1994. When Gruner + Jahr decided to exit the US magazine market in 2005, the magazine was sold to the Meredith Corporation.
Vice Versa (magazine)
Vice Versa (1947–1948), subtitled "America's Gayest Magazine", is the earliest known U.S. periodical published especially for lesbians. Its mission was to express Lesbian emotion within the bounds of good taste.
Vice Versa (magazine)
"Vice Versa" was the project of Lisa Ben (an anagram of "lesbian"), real name: Edythe Eyde, a secretary at RKO Studios in Los Angeles. By her own account, she had "a lot of time to herself" at work and, starting in June 1947, "twice each month typed out five carbons and one original of "Vice Versa". She recalled being told by her boss that he didn't care what she was typing, but he wanted her to "look busy" so people at the studio would think he was important.

Question: What is an American home magazine published 12 times a year by Meredith Corporation, Vice Versa or Family Circle ?
Answer: Family Circle
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are characters in William Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet". They are childhood friends of Hamlet, summoned by King Claudius to distract the prince from his apparent madness and if possible to ascertain the cause of it. The characters were revived in W. S. Gilbert's satire, "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern", and as the alienated heroes of Tom Stoppard's absurdist play, "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead", which was adapted into a film.
Igor Dmitriev
Igor Borisovich Dmitriev ( ) (May 29, 1927 – January 26, 2008) was a Russian film and theater actor who specialized in playing aristocratic characters in costume productions (e.g., Rosencrantz in Grigori Kozintsev's "Hamlet").

Question: The character Igor Dmitriev played in "Hamlet" was summoned by what king to distract the prince from his apparent madness?
Answer: King Claudius
New York City
New York's non-white population was 36,620 in 1890. New York City was a prime destination in the early twentieth century for African Americans during the Great Migration from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had become home to the largest urban African diaspora in North America. The Harlem Renaissance of literary and cultural life flourished during the era of Prohibition. The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height and creating an identifiable skyline.

Question: How many non-white people lived in New York in 1890?
Answer: 36,620
Saint Lucy's Day
Saint Lucy's Day, also called Lucia Day or the feast of Saint Lucy, is a Christian feast day observed on 13 December. The observance commemorates Lucia of Syracuse, an early-4th-century martyr under the Diocletianic Persecution, who according to legend brought food and aid to Christians hiding in the Roman catacombs, wearing a candlelit wreath on her head to light her way and leave her hands free to carry as much food as possible. Her feast day, which coincided with the shortest day of the year prior to calendar reforms, is widely celebrated as a festival of light. Falling within the Advent season, Saint Lucy's Day is viewed as a precursor of Christmastide, pointing to the arrival of the Light of Christ in the calendar on Christmas Day.
Folkhälsan
Samfundet Folkhälsan, or in short Folkhälsan (literally "Public Health"), is a non-governmental organization based in Finland. It is active in advocating social welfare and health care for the Swedish speakers of Finland. The organization carries out scientific research and informs and counsels in order to promote health and good quality of life. Folkhälsan’s activities include assistance, support, education, and care, being present at every stage of life. Founded in 1921, Folkhälsan employs today approximately 1,400 people. Our local associations across Swedish-speaking Finland have almost 19,000 members. Folkhälsan works towards a society where health and quality of life are central concerns.
Folkhälsan
The organization was founded in 1921 by Ossian Schauman and a number of other doctors who wanted to reduce child mortality and cases of tuberculosis in Finland. The NGO was combining practical work with research already from the very start.

Question: Which organization runs the Christian feast day celebrated on 13 December in Advent?
Answer: Samfundet Folkhälsan
2012 Summer Olympics
The 2012 Summer Olympics, formally the Games of the XXX Olympiad and commonly known as London 2012, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in London, United Kingdom. The first event, the group stage in women's football, began on 25 July at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, followed by the opening ceremony on 27 July. 10,768 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated.
Aboubakr Lbida
Aboubakr Seddik Lbida (born 26 January 1980 in Hay Hassani) is a Moroccan boxer. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's bantamweight, but was defeated in the first round by Ibrahim Balla of Australia.

Question: Which international multi-sport event hosted 10,768 athletes including Moroccan boxer Aboubakr Lbida beginning July 25, 2012?
Answer: 2012 Summer Olympics
Treaty
Consent is also invalid if it is given by a representative who ignored restrictions he is subject to by his sovereign during the negotiations if the other parties to the treaty were notified of those restrictions prior to his signing.

Question: If a state's representative ignored restrictions he is subject to by his sovereign, what might that state's consent to a treaty be considered to be?
Answer: invalid
The Queen (2006 film)
The Queen is a 2006 British biographical drama film that depicts the death of Diana, Princess of Wales on 31 August 1997. Initially, the Royal Family regard Diana's death as a private affair and thus not to be treated as an official royal death. This is in contrast with the views of Tony Blair and Diana's ex-husband, Prince Charles, who favour the general public's desire for an official expression of grief. Matters are further complicated by the media, royal protocol regarding Diana's official status, and wider issues about republicanism.
The Queen (2006 film)
The film was directed by Stephen Frears, written by Peter Morgan, and starred Helen Mirren in the title role of Queen Elizabeth II. The film's production and release coincided with a revival of favourable public sentiment in respect to the monarchy, a downturn in fortunes for Tony Blair, and the British inquiry into the death of Diana. Michael Sheen reprised his role as Tony Blair from "The Deal" in 2003, and he did so again in "The Special Relationship" in 2010. "The Queen" also garnered general critical and popular acclaim for Mirren in the title role, which earned her numerous awards, namely the Academy Award for Best Actress, the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama. Mirren was praised by the Queen herself and was invited to dinner at Buckingham Palace. However, Mirren could not attend due to filming commitments in Hollywood.
Alan MacDonald (production designer)
Alan MacDonald (c. 1956 – 30 August 2017) was a British production designer. He was best known for his work on "The Queen" (2006), which earned him nominations for the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design for a Contemporary Film and Best Technical Achievement at the British Independent Film Awards, and for the Rajasthan-set "The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel" (2012) which earned him a nomination for the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design for a Contemporary Film.

Question: Alan MacDonald worked with with what Director on the 2006 film "The Queen?"
Answer: Stephen Frears
Michael Starr (singer)
Ralph Michael Saenz (born May 17, 1965), better known as Michael Starr, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is the lead singer of the comedic glam metal band Steel Panther.
Peter Gabriel
Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, record producer and activist. He rose to fame as the original lead singer of the progressive rock band Genesis. After leaving Genesis in 1975, he launched a successful solo career with "Solsbury Hill" as his first single. His 1986 album, "So", is his best-selling release and is certified triple platinum in the UK and five times platinum in the U.S. The album's most successful single, "Sledgehammer", won a record nine MTV Awards at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards and, according to a report in 2011, it was MTV's most played music video of all time.

Question: Who is older, Peter Gabriel or Ralph Saenz ?
Answer: Peter Brian Gabriel
Northwestern University
Northwestern's School of Communication has been especially fruitful in the number of actors, actresses, playwrights, and film and television writers and directors it has produced. Alumni who have made their mark on film and television include Ann-Margret, Warren Beatty, Jodie Markell, Paul Lynde, David Schwimmer, Anne Dudek, Zach Braff, Zooey Deschanel, Marg Helgenberger, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Meghan Markle (later known in the United Kingdom as the Duchess of Sussex), Jerry Orbach, Jennifer Jones, Megan Mullally, John Cameron Mitchell, Dermot Mulroney, Charlton Heston, Richard Kind, Ana Gasteyer, Brad Hall, Shelley Long, William Daniels, Cloris Leachman, Bonnie Bartlett, Paula Prentiss, Richard Benjamin, Laura Innes, Charles Busch, Stephanie March, Tony Roberts, Jeri Ryan, Kimberly Williams-Paisley, McLean Stevenson, Tony Randall, Charlotte Rae, Patricia Neal, Tom Virtue, Nancy Dussault, Robert Reed, Mara Brock Akil, Greg Berlanti, Bill Nuss, Dan Shor, Seth Meyers, Peter Spears, Frank DeCaro, Zach Gilford, Nicole Sullivan, Stephen Colbert, Billy Eichner, Sandra Seacat and Garry Marshall. Directors who were graduated from Northwestern include Gerald Freedman, Stuart Hagmann, Marshall W. Mason, Allison Burnett, Michael Greif, and Mary Zimmerman. Lee Phillip Bell hosted a talk show in Chicago from 1952 to 1986 and co-created the Daytime Emmy Award-winning soap operas "The Young and the Restless" in 1973 and "The Bold and the Beautiful" in 1987. Alumni such as Sheldon Harnick, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Heather Headley, Kristen Schaal, Lily Rabe, and Walter Kerr have distinguished themselves on Broadway, as has designer Bob Mackie. Amsterdam-based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni, and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City, I.O., ComedySportz, Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent. Tam Spiva wrote scripts for "The Brady Bunch" and "Gentle Ben". In New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, the number of Northwestern alumni involved in theater, film, and television is so large that a perception has formed that there's such a thing as a "Northwestern mafia."

Question: Which alumni was a co-creator of "The Young and the Restless", and "The Bold and the Beautiful"?
Answer: Lee Phillip Bell
Pacific War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor in Honolulu without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, left eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and caused the deaths of 2,403 Americans. The Japanese had gambled that the United States, when faced with such a sudden and massive blow and loss of life, would agree to a negotiated settlement and allow Japan free rein in Asia. This gamble did not pay off. American losses were less serious than initially thought: the American aircraft carriers, which would prove to be more important than battleships, were at sea, and vital naval infrastructure (fuel oil tanks, shipyard facilities, and a power station), submarine base, and signals intelligence units were unscathed, and the fact the bombing happened while the US was not officially at war anywhere in the world caused a wave of outrage across the United States. Japan's fallback strategy, relying on a war of attrition to make the US come to terms, was beyond the IJN's capabilities.

Question: How many aircraft did the United States lose in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
Answer: 188
Adrian Peterson
Adrian Mortimer Peterson (born March 21, 1985) is an American football running back for the Washington Football Team of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Oklahoma, where he set the freshman rushing record with 1,925 yards during the 2004 season. Named a unanimous All-American that year, he became the first freshman to finish as the runner-up in the Heisman Trophy balloting. Peterson finished his college football career as the Sooners' third all-time leading rusher. He is widely considered to be one of the greatest running backs in NFL history.
Matt Asiata
Matt Asiata (born July 24, 1987) is an American football running back who is a free agent. He attended Hunter High School and played college football at Utah. Asiata was signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent. Asiata is tied with a number of other Vikings players for the franchise record of most rushing touchdowns in a single game at three. He achieved this feat three times; once in 2013 and twice during the 2014 season when he started nine games after Adrian Peterson was suspended.

Question: What American football running back for the New Orleans Saints was suspended in 2013 and 2014?
Answer: Adrian Peterson
Gene
The structure of a gene consists of many elements of which the actual protein coding sequence is often only a small part. These include DNA regions that are not transcribed as well as untranslated regions of the RNA.

Question: What elements does the structure of a gene consist of?
Answer: DNA regions that are not transcribed as well as untranslated regions of the RNA
Batman: Arkham City Lockdown
Batman: Arkham City Lockdown is an action-adventure video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for iOS and Android. The game is part of the "" series, and was released on December 7, 2011 for iOS and June 26, 2013 for Android. It acts as a prologue to "", set a few weeks prior to the game's events, and follows Batman as he faces numerous supervillains in the streets of Gotham City, such as the Joker, Harley Quinn, Two-Face, Penguin, Solomon Grundy, and Poison Ivy, who have escaped from Arkham Asylum. Defeating enemies earns points that can be used to upgrade Batman's stats or unlock gadgets or costumes. The game features integration with Game Center.
Game Center
Game Center is an app released by Apple that allows users to play and challenge friends when playing online multiplayer social gaming network games. Games can now share multiplayer functionality between the Mac and iOS versions of the app.

Question: Batman: Arkham City Lockdown action-adventure video game integrates with what app released by Apple that allows users play and challenge friends when playing online multiplayer social gaming network games.  
Answer: Game Center
Abraham Glen House
The Abraham Glen House is located on Mohawk Avenue (NY 5) in Scotia, New York, United States. It is a white frame house from the 18th century that is currently used as the local branch of the Schenectady County public library system.
Scotia, New York
Scotia is a village in Schenectady County, New York, United States, incorporated in 1904. The population was 7,729 at the 2010 census. Scotia is part of the town of Glenville, and is connected with the city of Schenectady by the Western Gateway Bridge over the Mohawk River.

Question: The Abraham Glen House is located in a village that had how many inhabitants in 2010 ?
Answer: 7,729
Federal Council (Austria)
The Federal Council ( , ] ) is the upper house of the Austrian Parliament, representing the nine States of Austria on federal level. As part of a bicameral legislature alongside of the National Council, it can be compared with an upper house or a senate. In fact, however, it is far less powerful than the National Council: although it has to approve every new law decided for by this "lower" chamber, the latter can—in most cases—overrule the Federal Council's refusal to approve.
Arnd Meißl
Arnd Meißl (born 30 March 1968) is an Austrian politician who has been a Member of the Federal Council for the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) since 2015.

Question: Arnd Meißl (born 30 March 1968) is an Austrian politician who has been a Member of which second chamber of the Austrian Parliament, representing the nine States of Austria ("Bundesländer") on federal level, called?
Answer: Federal Council
Riverside Canal (El Paso)
The Riverside Canal is an irrigation canal in El Paso County beginning southeast of El Paso, Texas. The canal acquires water from the Riverside Diversion Dam on the Rio Grande 15 mi southeast of El Paso. The canal is managed by the US Bureau of Reclamation. The canal extends for 17.2 mi with a capacity of 900 cubic feet per second. Water from the canal irrigates about 39,000 acres (160 km²). The canal and diversion dam is the southernmost system on an irrigation project extending along the Rio Grande in New Mexico and Texas. The canal supplies a canal network extending throughout the Upper Rio Grande Valley.
Dismal Swamp Canal
The Dismal Swamp Canal is located along the eastern edge of the Great Dismal Swamp in Virginia and North Carolina in the United States. It is the oldest continually operating man-made canal in the United States, opened in 1805. It is part of the Intracoastal Waterway.
Dismal Swamp Canal
In the Colonial period, water transportation was the lifeblood of the North Carolina sounds region and the Tidewater areas of Virginia. The landlocked sounds were entirely dependent upon poor overland tracks or shipment along the treacherous Carolina coast to reach further markets through Norfolk, Virginia. In May 1763, George Washington made his first visit to the Great Dismal Swamp and suggested draining it and digging a north–south canal through it to connect the waters of the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia and Albemarle Sound in North Carolina. As the first president, Washington agreed with Virginia Governor Patrick Henry that canals were the easiest answer for an efficient means of internal transportation and urged their creation and improvement.

Question: Are both the Riverside Canal and the Dismal Swamp Canal located in the United States?
Answer: yes
Gillian Armstrong
Gillian May Armstrong (born 18 December 1950) is an Australian feature film and documentary director, who specializes in period drama. Her films often feature female perspectives and protagonists.
Oscar and Lucinda (film)
Oscar and Lucinda is a 1997 British-Australian romantic drama film directed by Gillian Armstrong and starring Cate Blanchett, Ralph Fiennes, Ciarán Hinds and Tom Wilkinson. It is based on the 1988 Booker Prize-winning novel "Oscar and Lucinda" by Peter Carey. In March 1998, the film was nominated at the Academy Awards for the Best Costume Design.

Question: What is the nationality of the director of the film "Oscar and Lucinda"?
Answer: Australian
Incandescent light bulb
In 1902, Siemens developed a tantalum lamp filament that was more efficient than even graphitized carbon filaments since they could operate at higher temperature. Since tantalum metal has a lower resistivity than carbon, the tantalum lamp filament was quite long and required multiple internal supports. The metal filament gradually shortened in use; the filaments were installed with large slack loops. Lamps used for several hundred hours became quite fragile. Metal filaments had the property of breaking and re-welding, though this would usually decrease resistance and shorten the life of the filament. General Electric bought the rights to use tantalum filaments and produced them in the US until 1913.

Question: What company invented the tantalum light filament?
Answer: Siemens
Beyoncé
Beyoncé announced a hiatus from her music career in January 2010, heeding her mother's advice, "to live life, to be inspired by things again". During the break she and her father parted ways as business partners. Beyoncé's musical break lasted nine months and saw her visit multiple European cities, the Great Wall of China, the Egyptian pyramids, Australia, English music festivals and various museums and ballet performances.

Question: Who suggested the hiatus for Beyoncé?
Answer: her mother
Karl Popper
He does not argue that any such conclusions are therefore true, or that this describes the actual methods of any particular scientist. Rather, it is recommended as an essential principle of methodology that, if enacted by a system or community, will lead to slow but steady progress of a sort (relative to how well the system or community enacts the method). It has been suggested that Popper's ideas are often mistaken for a hard logical account of truth because of the historical co-incidence of their appearing at the same time as logical positivism, the followers of which mistook his aims for their own.

Question: At what level does Popper indicate his view of scientific methodology applies?
Answer: system or community
Pub
The number of pubs in the UK has declined year on year, at least since 1982. Various reasons are put forward for this, such as the failure of some establishments to keep up with customer requirements. Others claim the smoking ban of 2007, intense competition from gastro-pubs, the availability of cheap alcohol in supermarkets or the general economic climate are either to blame, or are factors in the decline. Changes in demographics may be an additional factor.

Question: What business that sells cheap alcohol has sometimes been held to have resulted in the decline of pubs?
Answer: supermarkets
Adolescence
Although research has been inconclusive, some findings have indicated that electronic communication negatively affects adolescents' social development, replaces face-to-face communication, impairs their social skills, and can sometimes lead to unsafe interaction with strangers. A 2015 review reported that "adolescents lack awareness of strategies to cope with cyberbullying, which has been consistently associated with an increased likelihood of depression." Studies have shown differences in the ways the internet negatively impacts the adolescents' social functioning. Online socializing tends to make girls particularly vulnerable, while socializing in Internet cafés seems only to affect boys academic achievement. However, other research suggests that Internet communication brings friends closer and is beneficial for socially anxious teens, who find it easier to interact socially online. The more conclusive finding has been that Internet use has a negative effect on the physical health of adolescents, as time spent using the Internet replaces time doing physical activities. However, the Internet can be significantly useful in educating teens because of the access they have to information on many various topics.

Question: Which online activity has been consistently associated with increased liklihood of depression?
Answer: cyberbullying
Helen Herz Cohen
Helen Herz Cohen (1912 – March 23, 2006) was the Director of Camp Walden, an all-girls residential summer camp located in Denmark, Maine. She founded The Main Idea, an annual nonprofit camp for economically disadvantaged girls.
Denmark, Maine
Denmark is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,148 at the 2010 census. A number of ponds and lakes are located within the town.

Question: Helen Herz Cohen (1912 – March 23, 2006) was the Director of Camp Walden, an all-girls residential summer camp located in Denmark, a town in Oxford County, Maine, in which country?
Answer: United States
Rumours (album)
Recorded with the intention of making "a pop album", the album's music featured a pop rock and soft rock sound characterized by accented rhythms and electric keyboards such as the Fender Rhodes or Hammond B3 organ. The members partied and used cocaine for much of the recording sessions, and its completion was delayed by its mixing process, but was finished by the end of 1976. Following the album's release, Fleetwood Mac undertook worldwide promotional tours. "Rumours" reached the top of both the US "Billboard" 200 and the UK Albums Chart, and became the band's most successful release. The songs "Go Your Own Way", "Dreams", "Don't Stop", and "You Make Loving Fun" were released as singles, all of which reached the US top 10. 
Rumours (album)
"Rumours" garnered widespread acclaim from critics, with praise centred on its production quality and harmonies, which frequently relied on the interplay among three vocalists and has inspired the work of musical acts in different genres. It won Album of the Year at the 20th Grammy Awards. It has sold over 45 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time. It has received Diamond certifications in several countries, including the US, the UK, Canada, and Australia. 
I Don't Want to Know
"I Don't Want to Know" is a song written by Stevie Nicks which was first released by Fleetwood Mac on their 1977 album "Rumours". Artists covering "I Don't Want to Know" include the Goo Goo Dolls. The song was also featured in an episode of "Glee".

Question: Which show featured a song off of Fleetwood Mac's eleventh studio album?
Answer: Glee
Mark Perakh
Mark Perakh ( ; "perach" (פֶּ֫רַח) is the Hebrew word for "flower"; born "Mark Yakovlevich Popereka" in 1924, Kiev, Ukraine, died 7 May 2013 in Escondido, California), was a professor emeritus of Mathematics and statistical mechanics at California State University, Fullerton in Fullerton, California.
The Panda's Thumb (blog)
The Panda's Thumb is a blog on the creation–evolution controversy from a mainstream scientific perspective. In 2006, "Nature" listed it as one of the top five science blogs, and Mark Pallen has called it "the definitive blog on the evolution versus creationism debate".
The Panda's Thumb (blog)
It is written by multiple contributors, including Wesley R. Elsberry, Paul R. Gross, Nick Matzke, and Mark Perakh, many of whom used to have complementary blogs at ScienceBlogs before it went defunct. The blog takes its name from The Panda's Thumb, the pub of the virtual University of Ediacara, which is named after the by Stephen Jay Gould, which in turn takes its title from the essay "The Panda's Peculiar Thumb", which discusses the Panda's sesamoid bone, an example of convergent evolution.

Question: Mark Perakh who helped write The Panda's Thumb, was a professor at what university?
Answer: California State University
Vladimir Olshansky
Vladimir Olshansky (born 9 August 1947 in St. Petersburg, Russia) is a performing artist, director, composer, sculptor, graduate of the Moscow State Circus School ( ), together with clown Slava Polunin, he is the founder of the clown theatre company Litsedei (Лицедеи). He creates numerous one man shows and performs at the Leningrad's State Variety Theatre ( ), In parallel he studies directing at the Leningrad's State Theatre and Cinema Institute ( )
Slava Polunin
Vyacheslav Ivanovich “Slava” Polunin PAR ( ) (born 12 June 1950) is a Russian performance artist and clown. He is the creator of the stage spectacles "Asisyai-revue", "Slava's Snowshow" and "Diabolo".

Question: In what year was the clown who, together with Vladimir Olshansky, founded the clown theatre comany Litsedei born? 
Answer: 1950
Logan Lerman
Logan Wade Lerman (born January 19, 1992) is an American actor, known for playing the title role in the fantasy-adventure "Percy Jackson" films. He appeared in commercials in the mid-1990s, before starring in the series "Jack & Bobby" (2004–2005) and the movies "The Butterfly Effect" (2004) and "Hoot" (2006). Lerman gained further recognition for his roles in the western "", the thriller "The Number 23", the comedy "Meet Bill", and 2009's "Gamer" and "My One and Only". He subsequently played d'Artagnan in 2011's "The Three Musketeers", starred in the coming-of-age dramas "The Perks of Being a Wallflower" (2012), "Indignation" (2016) and "The Vanishing of Sidney Hall" (2017), and had major roles in the 2014 films "Noah" and "Fury". In 2020, he returned to television with the series "Hunters".
Fury (2014 film)
Fury is a 2014 American war film written and directed by David Ayer, and starring Brad Pitt, Shia LaBeouf, Logan Lerman, Michael Peña, Jon Bernthal, Jason Isaacs and Scott Eastwood. The film portrays U.S. tank crews fighting in Nazi Germany during the final weeks of the European theater of World War II. Ayer was influenced by the service of veterans in his family and by reading books, such as Belton Y. Cooper's "Death Traps", about American armored units in World War II and the high casualty rates suffered by tank crews in Europe.

Question: The American actor Logan Lerman appeared in this film directed by David Ayer that portrays which world event?
Answer: World War II
Food Network Magazine
Food Network Magazine is a monthly food entertainment magazine founded by Hearst Corporation and Scripps Networks Interactive based on the latter's popular television network Food Network. The magazine debuted in 2008, originally as two newsstand-only test issues to be followed by the first official issue in June 2009. s of 2010 , it reaches 5 million readers with each issue with a 1.35 million circulation. It is now published 10 times a year. The magazine has its headquarters in New York City.
Boys' Life
Boys' Life is the monthly magazine of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). Its target readers are boys between the ages of 6 and 18. The magazine‘s headquarters are in Irving, Texas.

Question: Are Boys' Life and Food Network Magazine both published monthly?
Answer: yes
University of Notre Dame
The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame , or ND) is a private Catholic research university in Notre Dame, Indiana, outside the city of South Bend. It was founded in 1842 by Edward Sorin. The main campus covers 1261 acre in a suburban setting; it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as "Touchdown Jesus"), Notre Dame Stadium, and the Basilica.
University of Notre Dame
Undergraduate students are organized into six colleges. The School of Architecture is known for teaching New Classical Architecture and for awarding the annual Driehaus Architecture Prize. The university offers over 50 yearlong study programs abroad and over 15 summer programs. Notre Dame's graduate program has more than 50 master, doctoral and professional degree programs offered by the six schools, including the Notre Dame Law School and an MD–PhD program offered in combination with the Indiana University School of Medicine. It maintains a system of libraries, cultural venues, artistic and scientific museums, including the Hesburgh Library and the Snite Museum of Art. The majority of the university's 8,000 undergraduates live on campus in one of 31 residence halls, each with its own traditions, legacies, events, and intramural sports teams. The university's approximately 134,000 alumni are considered one of the strongest college alumni networks in the U.S.
Frank Kosikowski
Frank Leon Kosikowski (July 23, 1926 – November 17, 1991) was an American football offensive and defensive end who was on two Notre Dame national championship teams in the 1940s and played professionally for the Cleveland Browns in 1948.

Question: Frank Leon Kosikowski played football for a university located adjacent to what city in Indiana?
Answer: South Bend
Lucy Fry
Lucy Elizabeth Fry (born 13 March 1992) is an Australian actress. She is known for portraying Zoey in "Lightning Point", Lyla in "", and Lissa Dragomir in the film "Vampire Academy". Fry was also cast in Hulu's eight part miniseries "11.22.63" as Marina Oswald, wife of Lee Harvey Oswald, and played the lead in the 2016 Australian horror television series "Wolf Creek" and Tikka in 2017 Netflix film "Bright".
Vampire Academy (film)
Vampire Academy (also known as Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters) is a 2014 fantasy comedy horror film directed by Mark Waters and scripted by Daniel Waters, based on Richelle Mead's best-selling 2007 novel of the same name. The film stars Zoey Deutch, Danila Kozlovsky, Lucy Fry, and Dominic Sherwood in lead roles. It was released in North America on February 7, 2014, and globally between March and July of the same year. It was distributed in the United States by The Weinstein Company.

Question: Vampire Academy, is a 2014 American fantasy comedy film based on Richelle Mead's 2007 best-selling novel of the same name, the film stars Lucy Fry, an Australian actress, and known for portraying who, in "Lightning Point"?
Answer: Zoey
Sydney Harbour Bridge
The Sydney Harbour Bridge is an Australian heritage-listed steel through arch bridge across Sydney Harbour that carries rail, vehicular, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic between the Sydney central business district (CBD) and the North Shore. The view of the bridge, the harbour, and the nearby Sydney Opera House is widely regarded as an iconic image of Sydney, and of Australia itself. The bridge is nicknamed "The Coathanger" because of its arch-based design.
Sydney Harbour Tunnel
The Sydney Harbour Tunnel is a twin-tube road tunnel in Sydney, Australia. The tunnel was completed and opened to traffic in August 1992 to provide a second vehicular crossing of Sydney Harbour to alleviate congestion on the Sydney Harbour Bridge. It is one of two tunnels under the harbour, the other being a set of rail tunnels for the Sydney Metro.

Question: While the Sydney Harbour Bridge is a steel through arch bridge, the Sydney Harbour Tunnel is what?
Answer: a twin-tube road tunnel
Abdoulaye Seye
Abdoulaye Seye (30 July 1934 – 13 October 2011) was a Senegalese sprinter. He competed for France at the 1960 Olympics in the 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay events and won a bronze medal in the 200 m. Although Senegal had received its independence from France two months ahead of the Olympics as part of the short-lived Mali Federation, in 1960 it still competed as part of France. Seye also won the 100 m gold medal at the 1959 Mediterranean Games.
1959 Mediterranean Games
The III Mediterranean Games – Beirut 1959 ( ), commonly known as the 1959 Mediterranean Games, were the 3rd Mediterranean Games. After visiting Africa and Europe, the Mediterranean Games were for the first time held in Asia in Beirut, Lebanon, thus completing the trio of continents belonging to the Mediterranean Sea.
1959 Mediterranean Games
The Games took place over 12 days, from 11 to 23 October 1959. There were 792 athletes (all men) from 11 countries participating. There were a total of 106 medal events from 17 different sports.

Question: Abdoulaye Seye won a gold medal for 100m in 1959 in what city?
Answer: Beirut
Child labour
Child labour is still common in many parts of the world. Estimates for child labour vary. It ranges between 250 and 304 million, if children aged 5–17 involved in any economic activity are counted. If light occasional work is excluded, ILO estimates there were 153 million child labourers aged 5–14 worldwide in 2008. This is about 20 million less than ILO estimate for child labourers in 2004. Some 60 percent of the child labour was involved in agricultural activities such as farming, dairy, fisheries and forestry. Another 25% of child labourers were in service activities such as retail, hawking goods, restaurants, load and transfer of goods, storage, picking and recycling trash, polishing shoes, domestic help, and other services. The remaining 15% laboured in assembly and manufacturing in informal economy, home-based enterprises, factories, mines, packaging salt, operating machinery, and such operations. Two out of three child workers work alongside their parents, in unpaid family work situations. Some children work as guides for tourists, sometimes combined with bringing in business for shops and restaurants. Child labour predominantly occurs in the rural areas (70%) and informal urban sector (26%).

Question: Some child work as guides for whom?
Answer: tourists
Patricia Ann McGee
Patricia Ann McGee (July7, 1926April6, 1994) (Yavapai-Hualapai) was a Native American tribal leader who served as president of the Yavapai-Prescott Tribe. An effective advocate for her tribe, she garnered millions of dollars in federal and state funds to improve the infrastructure on the Yavapai reservation. She negotiated a water settlement agreement between the federal government and the tribe and established the first gaming license for any Indian tribe in Arizona. She helped develop a community center which earned a federal design award and served as an educational center to preserve both the culture and language of the Yavapai. In 2006, McGee was nominated by Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor and inducted into the Arizona Women's Hall of Fame.
Yavapai
Yavapai are a Native American tribe in Arizona. Historically, the Yavapai – literally “people of the sun” (from "enyaeva" “sun” + "pai" “people”) – were divided into four geographical bands who identified as separate, independent peoples: the Ɖo:lkabaya, or Western Yavapai; the Yavbe', or Northwestern Yavapai; the Guwevkabaya, or Southeastern Yavapai; and the Wi:pukba, or Northeastern Yavapai - Verde Valley Yavapai.

Question: Where is Patricia Ann McGee's tribe located?
Answer: Arizona
Mosaic
A 5th-century building in Huldah may be a Samaritan synagogue. Its mosaic floor contains typical Jewish symbols (menorah, lulav, etrog) but the inscriptions are Greek. Another Samaritan synagogue with a mosaic floor was located in Bet She'an (excavated in 1960). The floor had only decorative motifs and an aedicule (shrine) with cultic symbols. The ban on human or animal images was more strictly observed by the Samaritans than their Jewish neighbours in the same town (see above). The mosaic was laid by the same masters who made the floor of the Beit Alfa synagogue. One of the inscriptions was written in Samaritan script.

Question: The masters who built the floor in the synagogue at Bet She'an also constructed what other mosaic?
Answer: the floor of the Beit Alfa synagogue
Myanmar
Myanmar is home to four major language families: Sino-Tibetan, Tai–Kadai, Austro-Asiatic, and Indo-European. Sino-Tibetan languages are most widely spoken. They include Burmese, Karen, Kachin, Chin, and Chinese (mainly Hokkien). The primary Tai–Kadai language is Shan. Mon, Palaung, and Wa are the major Austroasiatic languages spoken in Myanmar. The two major Indo-European languages are Pali, the liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism, and English. More than a hundred languages are spoken in total. Since many of them are known only within small tribes around the country, they may have been lost (many if not all) after a few generations.

Question: What is the preferred lingo for the Tai–Kadai language?
Answer: The primary Tai–Kadai language is Shan
Bob Mould
Robert Arthur Mould (born October 16, 1960) is an American musician, principally known for his work as guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter for alternative rock bands Hüsker Dü in the 1980s and Sugar in the 1990s.
The Last Dog and Pony Show
The Last Dog and Pony Show is the fourth solo album by former Hüsker Dü and Sugar guitarist and singer Bob Mould.

Question: What was the fourth solo album by the musician best known as a guitarist, vocalist and songwriter for Hüsker Dü and Sugar?
Answer: The Last Dog and Pony Show
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Indigenous genetic studies suggest that the first inhabitants of the Americas share a single ancestral population, one that developed in isolation, conjectured to be Beringia. The isolation of these peoples in Beringia might have lasted 10–20,000 years. Around 16,500 years ago, the glaciers began melting, allowing people to move south and east into Canada and beyond. These people are believed to have followed herds of now-extinct Pleistocene megafauna along ice-free corridors that stretched between the Laurentide and Cordilleran Ice Sheets.

Question: How many years may the isolation of the peoples in Beringia lasted?
Answer: 10–20,000 years
The Happening (2008 film)
The Happening is a 2008 apocalyptic thriller film written, co-produced, and directed by M. Night Shyamalan and starring Mark Wahlberg, Zooey Deschanel, John Leguizamo, and Betty Buckley. The film follows a group of four as they try to escape an inexplicable natural disaster.
Blinding Edge Pictures
Blinding Edge Pictures is an American film production company, founded on August 2, 1998 by M. Night Shyamalan, which is known for producing films written and directed by Shyamalan like "Unbreakable", "Signs", "The Village", "The Happening", "After Earth", "The Visit", "Split", and "Glass". In 2015, the company released its first television series "Wayward Pines".

Question:  Blinding Edge Pictures produced the 2008 film starring which actor?
Answer: Mark Wahlberg
Richard Feynman
In 1974, Feynman delivered the Caltech commencement address on the topic of "cargo cult science", which has the semblance of science, but is only pseudoscience due to a lack of "a kind of scientific integrity, a principle of scientific thought that corresponds to a kind of utter honesty" on the part of the scientist. He instructed the graduating class that "The first principle is that you must not fool yourself—and you are the easiest person to fool. So you have to be very careful about that. After you've not fooled yourself, it's easy not to fool other scientists. You just have to be honest in a conventional way after that."

Question: What did Feyman tell the class that they must not do to themselves?
Answer: fool yourself
Sharon Rooney
Sharon Rooney (born 22 October 1988) is a Scottish actress. She is known for her roles as Rae Earl in "My Mad Fat Diary", Sophie in "Two Doors Down", Dawn in "Brief Encounters", and Miss Atlantis in the 2019 remake of "Dumbo".
My Mad Fat Diary
My Mad Fat Diary is a British comedy-drama television series that debuted on E4 on 14 January 2013. It is based on the novel "My Fat, Mad Teenage Diary" by Rae Earl.

Question: Sharon Rooney is the star of which series based on the teen book by Rae Earl?
Answer: My Mad Fat Diary
Multiracial Americans
Laws dating from 17th-century colonial America defined children of African slave mothers as taking the status of their mothers and born into slavery regardless of the race or status of the father, under "partus sequitur ventrem". The association of slavery with a "race" led to slavery as a racial caste. But, most families of free people of color formed in Virginia before the American Revolution were the descendants of unions between white women and African men, who frequently worked and lived together in the looser conditions of the early colonial period. While interracial marriage was later prohibited, white men frequently took sexual advantage of slave women, and numerous generations of multiracial children were born. By the late 1800s it had become common among African Americans to use passing to gain educational opportunities as did the first African-American graduate of Vassar College, Anita Florence Hemmings. Some 19th-century categorization schemes defined people by proportion of African ancestry: a person whose parents were black and white was classified as mulatto, with one black grandparent and three white as quadroon, and with one black great-grandparent and the remainder white as octoroon. The latter categories remained within an overall black or colored category, but before the Civil War, in Virginia and some other states, a person of one-eighth or less black ancestry was legally white. Some members of these categories passed temporarily or permanently as white.

Question: What does a person have to have to be an octoroon?
Answer: one black great-grandparent and the remainder white
Alex da Kid
Alexander Junior Grant (born 7 August 1982), professionally known as Alex da Kid, is a British record producer, songwriter, and record executive from Wood Green, London. He has gained recognition for producing several hit singles for a plethora of artists in various music genres (mostly hip hop and alternative rock), such as Dr. Dre ("I Need a Doctor"), Nicki Minaj ("Massive Attack"), B.o.B ("Airplanes" featuring Hayley Williams), Eminem ("Love the Way You Lie" featuring Rihanna), Diddy ("Coming Home" with Dirty Money featuring Skylar Grey), Imagine Dragons ("Radioactive") and Cheryl ("Under The Sun").
I Need a Doctor
"I Need a Doctor" is a single by American hip hop artist Dr. Dre featuring rapper Eminem and recording artist Skylar Grey. The song was produced by British record producer Alex da Kid, and released for digital download through the American iTunes Store on February 1, 2011.

Question: The producer of the single by American rappers Dr. Dre and Eminem is from where? 
Answer: Wood Green, London
Hunting
On ancient reliefs, especially from Mesopotamia, kings are often depicted as hunters of big game such as lions and are often portrayed hunting from a war chariot. The cultural and psychological importance of hunting in ancient societies is represented by deities such as the horned god Cernunnos and lunar goddesses of classical antiquity, the Greek Artemis or Roman Diana. Taboos are often related to hunting, and mythological association of prey species with a divinity could be reflected in hunting restrictions such as a reserve surrounding a temple. Euripides' tale of Artemis and Actaeon, for example, may be seen as a caution against disrespect of prey or impudent boasting.

Question: What could the mythological association of prey species with divinity be a form of?
Answer: hunting restrictions