qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Karl Popper
Popper had his own sophisticated views on evolution that go much beyond what the frequently-quoted passages say. In effect, Popper agreed with some of the points of both creationists and naturalists, but also disagreed with both views on crucial aspects. Popper understood the universe as a creative entity that invents new things, including life, but without the necessity of something like a god, especially not one who is pulling strings from behind the curtain. He said that evolution of the genotype must, as the creationists say, work in a goal-directed way but disagreed with their view that it must necessarily be the hand of god that imposes these goals onto the stage of life.

Question: Along with some creationists, Popper believed that evolution must have what quality to its progress?
Answer: goal-directed
Teatro Lirico (Milan)
The Teatro Lirico (known until 1894 as the Teatro della Canobbiana) is a theatre in Milan, Italy. In the 19th and early 20th centuries it was particularly notable for opera performances, including the world premieres of Donizetti's "L'elisir d'amore" and Giordano's "Fedora". The theatre, located on Via Rastrelli, closed in 1998. However, a restoration project was begun in April 2007, and it was due to re-open in 2009 as the Teatro Lirico Giorgio Gaber.
Umberto Giordano
Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano (28 August 186712 November 1948) was an Italian composer, mainly of operas.

Question: In which city did the Italian operatic composer that lived from 28 August 1867 - 12 November 1948 premiere his "Fedora"?
Answer: Milan, Italy
Marie Curie
Marie Skłodowska Curie ( , ] , ] ), born Maria Salomea Skłodowska (] ; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and the only woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields. She was part of the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris, and in 1995 became the first woman to be entombed on her own merits in the Panthéon in Paris.
Curie Metropolitan High School
Marie Sklodowska Curie Metropolitan High School is a public 4–year magnet high school located in the Archer Heights neighborhood on the southwest side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Curie is operated by Chicago Public Schools district. The school has a Technical, Performing Arts, and International Baccalaureate Programme. Curie Metropolitan High School was named after Nobel Prize laureate Marie Sklodowska–Curie in recognition of the area's historically heavy Polish-American populace. Curie Metro High School is accessible via the Chicago L's nearby Pulaski Orange Line station.

Question: Curie Metropolitan High School was named after a Nobel Prize laureate that conducted pioneering research on what?
Answer: radioactivity
Morten Andersen (photographer)
Morten Andersen is a Danish model and fashion photographer. As a European model for Hugo Boss and Giorgio Armani, worked in numerous international campaigns. In the late 1980s, he moved to South America and began his career as a photojournalist.
Hugo Boss
The company was founded in 1924 by Hugo Boss and originally produced general purpose clothing. With the rise of the Nazi Party in the 1930s, Boss began to produce and sell Nazi uniforms. Boss would eventually supply the wartime German government with uniforms for organizations such as the Hitler Youth and Waffen-SS, resulting in a large boost in sales. 
Hugo Boss
After World War II and the founder's death in 1948, Hugo Boss started to turn its focus from uniforms to men's suits. The company went public in 1988 and introduced a fragrance line that same year, added men's and women's wear diffusion lines in 1997, a full women's collection in 2000, as well as children's clothing in 2006–2007 and has since evolved into a major global fashion house. s of 2018 it owned more than 1,113 retail stores worldwide.

Question: What fashion house that originally supplied Nazi Party uniforms was Morten Andersen a model for?
Answer: Hugo Boss
Albert Verbrugghe
Albert Verbrugghe was a cement factory worker from Belgium whose wife Madeleine, and a female passenger, Aline Van Den Eyke, were shot and killed while driving to Jadotville in their Volkswagen by Indian UN troops during the Siege of Jadotville, the Congo, on January 3, 1963. A photo of him emerging distraught from his vehicle was printed in world newspapers. The reason for the shooting was never fully established. Time Magazine suggested that the soldiers were "nervous". The film was shot by BBC cameraman Ernest Christie.
Albert Verbrugghe
David Van Reybrouck, a Belgian historian whose father was employed by Nouvelle Compagnie du Chemin de Fer du Bas-Congo au Katanga (B.C.K.) and who was an eye-witness to the scene from his apartment window, wrote that the Indian U.N. troops might have mistaken Verbrugghe and his company for "white mercenaries". Only when the dead bodies of the two women and the dog were laid down in the grass besides the road, Verbrugghe seemed to realize what had happened. The dog was left there for a week. The photo was printed in the "Book of Knowledge" annual for 1964. The photo was also printed in the Britannica Book of the Year in 1964.
Siege of Jadotville
The siege of Jadotville was an engagement during the Congo Crisis in September 1961. "A" Company, 35th Battalion (UN service) of the Irish Army ONUC contingent was attacked by Katangese Gendarmerie troops loyal to the Katangese Prime Minister Moïse Tshombe. The lightly armed Irish soldiers, besieged in Jadotville (modern Likasi), resisted Katangese assaults for five days as a relief force of Irish, Indian and Swedish troops unsuccessfully attempted to reach the Irish force.

Question: In what Belgium city, beseiged by Irish soldiers, was Madelaine Verbrugge shot & killed? 
Answer: Jadotville
The Sun (United Kingdom)
Despite being a persistent critic of some of the government's policies, the paper supported Labour in both subsequent elections the party won. For the 2005 general election, "The Sun" backed Blair and Labour for a third consecutive election win and vowed to give him "one last chance" to fulfil his promises, despite berating him for several weaknesses including a failure to control immigration. However, it did speak of its hope that the Conservatives (led by Michael Howard) would one day be fit for a return to government. This election (Blair had declared it would be his last as prime minister) resulted in Labour's third successive win but with a much reduced majority.

Question: What was the result of the 2005 election?
Answer: Labour's third successive win
Monty Python's Life of Brian
Monty Python's Life of Brian, also known as Life of Brian, is a 1979 British comedy film starring and written by the comedy group Monty Python (Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones and Michael Palin). It was also directed by Jones. The film tells the story of Brian Cohen (played by Chapman), a young Jewish man who is born on the same day as—and next door to—Jesus Christ, and is subsequently mistaken for the Messiah.
Python Night – 30 Years of Monty Python
Python Night was an evening of Monty Python-related programmes broadcast on BBC2 on 9 October 1999, to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the first broadcast of "Monty Python's Flying Circus". It featured newly written sketches, three documentaries and a screening of "Monty Python's Life of Brian".

Question: Who was the subject of the film featured on Python Night, shown on BBC2 on 9 October 1999?
Answer: Brian Cohen
Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar. It was instituted by papal bull "Inter gravissimas" dated 24 February 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar is named. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. The error in the Julian calendar (its assumption that there are exactly 365.25 days in a year) had led to the date of the equinox according to the calendar drifting from the observed reality, and thus an error had been introduced into the calculation of the date of Easter. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).

Question: Who revised the Julian calendar?
Answer: Pope Gregory XIII
Legendre's conjecture
Legendre's conjecture, proposed by Adrien-Marie Legendre, states that there is a prime number between "n" and ("n" + 1) for every positive integer "n". The conjecture is one of Landau's problems (1912) on prime numbers; as of 2020 , the conjecture has neither been proved nor disproved.
Adrien-Marie Legendre
Adrien-Marie Legendre ( ; ] ; 18 September 1752 – 9 January 1833) was a French mathematician who made numerous contributions to mathematics. Well-known and important concepts such as the Legendre polynomials and Legendre transformation are named after him.

Question: What nationality was the mathematician who proposed the Legendre's conjecture?
Answer: French
Law of the United States
Despite the presence of reception statutes, much of "contemporary" American common law has diverged significantly from English common law. Although the courts of the various Commonwealth nations are often influenced by each other's rulings, American courts rarely follow post-Revolution Commonwealth rulings unless there is no American ruling on point, the facts and law at issue are nearly identical, and the reasoning is strongly persuasive.

Question: A lot of American common law diverged from where?
Answer: English common law
Kang Seung-yoon
Kang Seung-yoon (Korean: 강승윤; born (1994--) 21, 1994 ), known as Seungyoon or Yoon, is a South Korean singer-songwriter, record producer, actor, and leader of boy group Winner. In 2010, he participated in the reality television singing contest "Superstar K2" and finished in fourth place. In January 2011, he became a trainee under YG Entertainment and went on to debut as a solo artist in July 2013 with the digital single "It Rains" and as the leader of Winner in August 2014. 
Dan Haseltine
Daniel Paul "Dan" Haseltine (born January 12, 1973) is an American singer best known as lead vocalist for Christian alternative folk rock group Jars of Clay. Haseltine has performed vocals, piano, accordion, percussion and melodica, while with Jars of Clay. He has had different artistic titles, including songwriter, producer, film composer, music supervisor and art designer.
Dan Haseltine
Haseltine is also the founder of the non-profit organization, , where he currently sits as part of the board of directors. He is a regular writer and speaker about worship music, HIV/AIDS in Africa, social justice and church reform. Haseltine is also a regular columnist for Relevant Magazine, and has contributed articles to Moody, CCM Magazine, Christianity Today, World Vision, Campus Life and Beliefnet.

Question: Who has appeared on Reality Television more times, Dan Haseltine or Kang Seung-yoon?
Answer: Kang Seung-yoon
Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie
Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie is a 1995 American superhero film. It stars the ensemble cast of Karan Ashley, Johnny Yong Bosch, Steve Cardenas, Jason David Frank, Amy Jo Johnson, and David Yost alongside the villains cast from the original series and Paul Freeman as Ivan Ooze. Much like the television season that followed the release, it used concepts from the Japanese Super Sentai series "Kyoryu Sentai Zyuranger, Gosei Sentai Dairanger and Ninja Sentai Kakuranger". It is the first "Power Rangers" production from Saban Entertainment not to feature any archived footage from "Super Sentai". The events of the film take place after the second season of "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers", but are incompatible with the third season, which provides a different explanation for the Rangers gaining their Ninja Ranger powers and Ninjazords, indicating they are set in different continuities.
Steve Cardenas
Stephen Antonio Cardenas (born May 29, 1974) is an American martial artist, musician, and semi retired actor. Cardenas is best known for playing the character Rocky DeSantos, which was the second Red Power Ranger in "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers" and eventually became the Blue Zeo Ranger in "Power Rangers Zeo", two seasons later.

Question: Steve Cardenas played which character in the move "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie"?
Answer: Red Power Ranger
Tansy
Tansy ("Tanacetum vulgare") is a perennial, herbaceous flowering plant of the aster family, native to temperate Europe and Asia. It has been introduced to other parts of the world, including North America, and in some areas has become invasive. It is also known as common tansy, bitter buttons, cow bitter, or golden buttons. The Latin word "vulgare" means "common".
Amorpha
Amorpha is a genus of plants in the pea family, Fabaceae. All the species are native to North America, from southern Canada, most of the United States (US), and northern Mexico. They are commonly known as false indigo. The name "Amorpha" means "deformed" or "without form" in Greek and was given because flowers of this genus only have one petal, unlike the usual "pea-shaped" flowers of the Faboideae subfamily. "Amorpha" is missing the wing and keel petals.

Question: What is is a genus of plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, Tansy or Amorpha ?
Answer: Amorpha
Oklahoma Sooners softball
The Oklahoma Sooners softball team is the softball team that represents University of Oklahoma in the sport of women's softball. The Sooners participate in the Big 12 Conference, and play their home games at OU Softball Complex. Oklahoma has won their conference title 11 times, has been to the NCAA Tournament 25 times, has been to the NCAA Women's College World Series 12 times, and has won the NCAA championship four times. OU also appeared in the AIAW Women's College World Series four times. The team is coached by Patty Gasso.
Lexi Davis
Alexis McKenzie Davis (born October 22, 1994) is an American softball coach and former player who is currently an assistant coach at Furman. She attended Porter Ridge High School in Indian Trail, North Carolina, where she was named ESPNHS National Softball Player of the Year in 2012. She later attended Auburn University, where she played pitcher. She holds Auburn's school softball record for most wins by a pitcher. During her senior season, Davis led the Tigers to the 2016 Women's College World Series final, where they fell to Oklahoma, 2–1.

Question: Who coaches the team Lexi Davis' team lost to in the 2016 Women's College World Series final?
Answer: Patty Gasso
Atlantic City, New Jersey
As of September 2014, the greater Atlantic City area had one of the highest unemployment rates in the country at 13.8%, out of labor force of around 141,000.

Question: Out of a labor force of about 141,000 what was the unemployment rate?
Answer: 13.8%
Central African Republic
In the aftermath of the failed coup, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of Bangui and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General François Bozizé was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.

Question: The failed coup caused what effects?
Answer: murder of many political opponents
J. K. Rowling
Joanne Rowling {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 31 July 1965), better known by her pen name J. K. Rowling, is a British author, screenwriter, producer, and philanthropist. She is best known for writing the "Harry Potter" fantasy series, which has won multiple awards and sold more than 500 million copies, becoming the best-selling book series in history. The books are the basis of a popular film series, over which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts and was a producer on the final films. She also writes crime fiction under the pen name Robert Galbraith.
J. K. Rowling
Born in Yate, Gloucestershire, Rowling was working as a researcher and bilingual secretary for Amnesty International when she conceived the idea for the "Harry Potter" series while on a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990. The seven-year period that followed saw the death of her mother, birth of her first child, divorce from her first husband, and relative poverty until the first novel in the series, "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", was published in 1997. There were six sequels, of which the last, "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", was released in 2007. Since then, Rowling has written five books for adult readers: "The Casual Vacancy" (2012) and—under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith—the crime fiction "Cormoran Strike" series, which consists of "The Cuckoo's Calling" (2013), "The Silkworm" (2014), "Career of Evil" (2015), and "Lethal White" (2018). Between 26 May and 10 July 2020, her "political fairytale" for children, "The Ickabog", was released in instalments in an online version.
The Tales of Beedle the Bard
The Tales of Beedle the Bard is a book of children's stories by the author J. K. Rowling. There is a storybook of the same name mentioned in "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", the last book of the "Harry Potter" series.

Question:  The Tales of Beedle the Bard is a book by an author born in which year ?
Answer: 1965
Ronan the Accuser
Ronan the Accuser is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Ronan was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby and he first appeared in "Fantastic Four" #65 (August 1967). He is the Supreme Accuser of the Kree Empire, the militaristic government of the fictional alien race known as the Kree, and is commonly depicted as an adversary of superhero teams such as the Fantastic Four, the Avengers, and the Guardians of the Galaxy. He was also a member of various superhero groups such as the Starforce, United Front and Annihilators. He was married to the Inhuman Crystal, a princess of the Inhuman Royal Family.
Ronan the Accuser
The character has been substantially adapted from the comics into various media, including several animated television series and video games. Lee Pace portrayed the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014) and "Captain Marvel" (2019).
Kree
The Kree, briefly known as the Ruul, are a fictional scientifically and technologically advanced militaristic alien race appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They are native to the planet Hala in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

Question: Ronan the Accuser is an officer of what fictional Marvel Comics alien race?
Answer: Kree
Rebecca Romijn
Rebecca Alie Romijn ( ; ] ; born November 6, 1972) is an American actress and former model. She is known for her role as Mystique in the trilogy of the "X-Men" film series, as Joan from "The Punisher" (2004) (both of which are based on Marvel Comics), and the dual roles of Laure Ash and Lily Watts in "Femme Fatale" (2002). She has also had recurring roles as Alexis Meade on the television series "Ugly Betty" and as Number One on "". Her other major roles include Eve Baird on the TNT series "The Librarians", voicing Lois Lane in the DC Animated Movie Universe (from "The Death of Superman" until "") and as the host of the game show "Skin Wars".
The Librarians (2014 TV series)
The Librarians is an American fantasy-adventure television series developed by John Rogers and broadcast on TNT, which premiered on December 7, 2014. It is a direct spin-off of "The Librarian" film series, sharing continuity with the films. TNT cancelled the series in March 2018.
The Librarians (2014 TV series)
The series follows four people newly recruited by The Library: Colonel Eve Baird (Rebecca Romijn), of the NATO Anti-Terrorist Unit, destined to be the new Guardian; Ezekiel Jones (John Harlan Kim), a consummate thief who can hack an NSA computer as easily as he can steal a Faberge egg; Cassandra Cillian (Lindy Booth), a brilliant scientist and mathematician who possesses a trace of magic; and Jacob Stone (Christian Kane), polymath, linguist, expert in architecture, art, art history, archaeology and world cultures of the past and present, including Native American cultures, and other fields too numerous to mention, including bar fighting. The latter three received invitations from the Library at the same time as the current Librarian, Flynn Carsen (Noah Wyle), but for various reasons didn't show up for their interviews. Their lives are threatened in the first episode in the series. At the end of the second episode the Library reissues their invitations.

Question: Rebecca Alie Romijn is currently starring as Eve Baird in a televison series developed by who?
Answer: John Rogers
Liberal Party of Australia
The formation of the party was formally announced at Sydney Town Hall on 31 August 1945. It took the name "Liberal" in honour of the old Commonwealth Liberal Party. The new party was dominated by the remains of the old UAP; with few exceptions, the UAP party room became the Liberal party room. The Australian Women's National League, a powerful conservative women's organisation, also merged with the new party. A conservative youth group Menzies had set up, the Young Nationalists, was also merged into the new party. It became the nucleus of the Liberal Party's youth division, the Young Liberals. By September 1945 there were more than 90,000 members, many of whom had not previously been members of any political party.

Question: How many members were in the Young Liberals by Sept 1945?
Answer: more than 90,000
Anne Sexton
Anne Sexton (November 9, 1928 – October 4, 1974) was an American poet known for her highly personal, confessional verse. She won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1967 for her book "Live or Die". Her poetry details her long battle with depression, suicidal tendencies, and intimate details from her private life, including relationships with her husband and children, whom it was later alleged she physically and sexually assaulted.
René Char
René Char (] ; 14 June 1907 – 19 February 1988) was a French poet and member of the French Resistance.

Question: Did Anne Sexton and René Char write poetry?
Answer: yes
Virginia State Route 206
State Route 206 (SR 206) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as Dahlgren Road, the state highway runs 11.04 mi from SR 3 at Arnolds Corner east to SR 604 at the entrance to the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division in Dahlgren in eastern King George County.
Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division
The United States Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division (NSWCDD), named for Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren, is located in Dahlgren, Virginia, with a geographically separated command, "Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division Dam Neck" Activity (NSWCDDDNA), located in Virginia Beach, VA, in close proximity to the largest fleet concentration area in the Navy. NSWCDD is part of the Naval Surface Warfare Centers under the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). The NSWCDD was initially established 16 October 1918 as a remote extension of Maryland's Indian Head Proving Ground used for testing naval guns. The Dahlgren site was named the Lower Station, Dahlgren Naval Proving Ground when it first opened. The location on the Potomac River was specifically chosen for the development of a long ballistic test range on the Potomac River, required for the testing of modern, high-powered munitions.

Question: What road is the entrance for the Naval Center named after Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren located at?
Answer: State Route 206 (SR 206)
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 548 U.S. 557 (2006), is a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that military commissions set up by the Bush administration to try detainees at Guantanamo Bay lack "the power to proceed because its structures and procedures violate both the Uniform Code of Military Justice and the four Geneva Conventions signed in 1949." Specifically, the ruling says that Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions was violated.
Gonzales v. Raich
Gonzales v. Raich (previously Ashcroft v. Raich), 545 U.S. 1 (2005), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court ruling that under the Commerce Clause of the US Constitution, Congress may criminalize the production and use of homegrown cannabis even if state law allows its use for medicinal purposes.

Question: What group heard both Hamdan v. Rumsfeld and Gonzales v. Raich?
Answer: United States Supreme Court
Asphalt
Selenizza is mainly used as an additive in the road construction sector. It is mixed with traditional asphalt to improve both the viscoelastic properties and the resistance to ageing. It may be blended with the hot asphalt in tanks, but its granular form allows it to be fed in the mixer or in the recycling ring of normal asphalt plants. Other typical applications include the production of mastic asphalts for sidewalks, bridges, car-parks and urban roads as well as drilling fluid additives for the oil and gas industry. Selenizza is available in powder or in granular material of various particle sizes and is packaged in sacks or in thermal fusible polyethylene bags.

Question: What purpose does Selenizza have in the drilling industry?
Answer: fluid additives
Rilo Kiley
Rilo Kiley ( ) was an American indie rock band based in Los Angeles, California. Formed in 1998, the band consisted of Jenny Lewis, Blake Sennett, Pierre de Reeder, and Dave Rock.
Under the Blacklight
Under the Blacklight is the fourth and final full-length studio album released by American alternative rock band Rilo Kiley. It was released on August 20, 2007, in the United Kingdom - three years and three days after the release of their third album, "More Adventurous". Warner Bros. Records released the album one day later in the United States. "Silver Lining" was No. 27 on "Rolling Stone"' s list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007.

Question: When was the band which released Under the Blacklight formed?
Answer: 1998
New York City
In 1785, the assembly of the Congress of the Confederation made New York City the national capital shortly after the war. New York was the last capital of the U.S. under the Articles of Confederation and the first capital under the Constitution of the United States. New York City as the U.S. capital hosted several events of national scope in 1789—the first President of the United States, George Washington, was inaugurated; the first United States Congress and the Supreme Court of the United States each assembled for the first time; and the United States Bill of Rights was drafted, all at Federal Hall on Wall Street. By 1790, New York had surpassed Philadelphia to become the largest city in the United States, but by the end of that year, pursuant to the Residence Act, the national capital was moved to Philadelphia.

Question: What was the second largest city in the United States in 1790?
Answer: Philadelphia
Madonna
After Lourdes's birth, Madonna became involved in Eastern mysticism and Kabbalah, introduced to her by actress Sandra Bernhard. Her seventh studio album, "Ray of Light", (1998) reflected this change in her perception and image. She collaborated with electronica producer William Orbit and wanted to create a sound that could blend dance music with pop and British rock. American music critic Ann Powers explained that what Madonna searched for with Orbit "was a kind of a lushness that she wanted for this record. Techno and rave were happening in the 90s and had a lot of different forms. There was very experimental, more hard stuff like Aphex Twin. There was party stuff like Fatboy Slim. That's not what Madonna wanted for this. She wanted something more like a singer-songwriter, really. And William Orbit provided her with that."

Question: What year was "Ray of Light" released?
Answer: 1998
Hernandez v. Texas
Hernandez v. Texas, 347 U.S. 475 (1954), was a landmark case, "the first and only Mexican-American civil-rights case heard and decided by the United States Supreme Court during the post-World War II period." In a unanimous ruling, the court held that Mexican Americans and all other nationality groups in the United States have equal protection under the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The ruling was written by Chief Justice Earl Warren. This was the first case in which Mexican-American lawyers had appeared before the Supreme Court. 
Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock
Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, 187 U.S. 553 (1903), was a United States Supreme Court case brought against the US government by the Kiowa chief Lone Wolf, who charged that Native American tribes under the Medicine Lodge Treaty had been defrauded of land by Congressional actions in violation of the treaty.

Question: Did the Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock case or the Hernandez v. Texas case come first?
Answer: Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock
Neon Indian
Neon Indian is an American electronic music band from Denton, Texas. The music is composed by Mexican-born Alan Palomo (born July 24, 1988), who is also known for his work with the band Ghosthustler, and as the solo artist VEGA. The project has been characterized as defining the 2000s music genre known as chillwave. 
Young Ejecta
Young Ejecta (formerly known as simply Ejecta) is an American synthpop duo, consisting of Neon Indian's Leanne Macomber and producer Joel Ford of Ford & Lopatin. The band name was changed to Young Ejecta in 2014 due to the group getting a copyright notice from the closely named DJ Ejeca. Macomber appears nude on all official album covers and promotional material.

Question: Young Ejecta is a duo consisting of a member from which chillwave group?
Answer: Neon Indian
On the Origin of Species
Even though the book did not explicitly spell out Darwin's beliefs about human origins, it had dropped a number of hints about human's animal ancestry and quickly became central to the debate, as mental and moral qualities were seen as spiritual aspects of the immaterial soul, and it was believed that animals did not have spiritual qualities. This conflict could be reconciled by supposing there was some supernatural intervention on the path leading to humans, or viewing evolution as a purposeful and progressive ascent to mankind's position at the head of nature. While many conservative theologians accepted evolution, Charles Hodge argued in his 1874 critique "What is Darwinism?" that "Darwinism", defined narrowly as including rejection of design, was atheism though he accepted that Asa Gray did not reject design. Asa Gray responded that this charge misrepresented Darwin's text. By the early 20th century, four noted authors of "The Fundamentals" were explicitly open to the possibility that God created through evolution, but fundamentalism inspired the American creation–evolution controversy that began in the 1920s. Some conservative Roman Catholic writers and influential Jesuits opposed evolution in the late 19th and early 20th century, but other Catholic writers, starting with Mivart, pointed out that early Church Fathers had not interpreted Genesis literally in this area. The Vatican stated its official position in a 1950 papal encyclical, which held that evolution was not inconsistent with Catholic teaching.

Question: What official position did the Vatican take on the subject of evolution in 1950?
Answer: The Vatican stated its official position in a 1950 papal encyclical, which held that evolution was not inconsistent with Catholic teaching.
Montana
Montana has thousands of named rivers and creeks, 450 mi of which are known for "blue-ribbon" trout fishing. Montana's water resources provide for recreation, hydropower, crop and forage irrigation, mining, and water for human consumption. Montana is one of few geographic areas in the world whose rivers form parts of three major watersheds (i.e. where two continental divides intersect). Its rivers feed the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and Hudson Bay. The watersheds divide at Triple Divide Peak in Glacier National Park.

Question: Where do the watersheds divide at?
Answer: Triple Divide Peak in Glacier National Park.
Green
Many flags of the Islamic world are green, as the color is considered sacred in Islam (see below). The flag of Hamas, as well as the flag of Iran, is green, symbolizing their Islamist ideology. The 1977 flag of Libya consisted of a simple green field with no other characteristics. It was the only national flag in the world with just one color and no design, insignia, or other details. Some countries used green in their flags to represent their country's lush vegetation, as in the flag of Jamaica, and hope in the future, as in the flags of Portugal and Nigeria. The green cedar of Lebanon tree on the Flag of Lebanon officially represents steadiness and tolerance.

Question: What does the green in Jamaica's flag represent?
Answer: country's lush vegetation
2016 Icelandic anti-government protests
The 2016 Icelandic anti-government protests were a series of protests against the Icelandic government following the release of the Panama Papers.
Panama Papers
The Panama Papers ( ) are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities. The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in April 2016.

Question: The 2016 Icelandic anti-government protests were a series of protests against the Icelandic government following the release of which titled event, in which 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities?
Answer: Panama Papers
The Blitz
Directive 23 was the only concession made by Göring to the "Kriegsmarine" over the strategic bombing strategy of the "Luftwaffe" against Britain. Thereafter, he would refuse to make available any air units to destroy British dockyards, ports, port facilities, or shipping in dock or at sea, lest "Kriegsmarine" gain control of more "Luftwaffe" units. Raeder's successor—Karl Dönitz—would—on the intervention of Hitler—gain control of one unit (KG 40), but Göring would soon regain it. Göring's lack of co-operation was detrimental to the one air strategy with potentially decisive strategic effect on Britain. Instead, he wasted aircraft of "Fliegerführer Atlantik" (Flying Command Atlantic) on bombing mainland Britain instead of attacks against convoys. For Göring, his prestige had been damaged by the defeat in the Battle of Britain, and he wanted to regain it by subduing Britain by air power alone. He was always reluctant to co-operate with Raeder.

Question: What was the concession Goring made with the strategic bombing against Britain?
Answer: Directive 23
Hard rock
In the United States, shock-rock pioneer Alice Cooper achieved mainstream success with the top five album "School's Out" (1972), which was followed by the #1 album "Billion Dollar Babies" in 1973. Also in 1973, blues rockers ZZ Top released their classic album "Tres Hombres" and Aerosmith produced their eponymous début, as did Southern rockers Lynyrd Skynyrd and proto-punk outfit New York Dolls, demonstrating the diverse directions being pursued in the genre. Montrose, including the instrumental talent of Ronnie Montrose and vocals of Sammy Hagar released their first album in 1973. Former bubblegum-pop family act the Osmonds recorded two hard rock albums in 1972 and had their breakthrough in the UK with the hard-rock hit "Crazy Horses." Kiss built on the theatrics of Alice Cooper and the look of the New York Dolls to produce a unique band persona, achieving their commercial breakthrough with the double live album "Alive!" in 1975 and helping to take hard rock into the stadium rock era. In the mid-1970s Aerosmith achieved their commercial and artistic breakthrough with "Toys in the Attic" (1975), which reached number 11 in the American album chart, and "Rocks" (1976), which peaked at number three. Blue Öyster Cult, formed in the late 1960s, picked up on some of the elements introduced by Black Sabbath with their breakthrough live gold album "On Your Feet or on Your Knees" (1975), followed by their first platinum album, "Agents of Fortune" (1976), containing the hit single "(Don't Fear) The Reaper", which reached number 12 on the Billboard charts. Journey released their eponymous debut in 1975 and the next year Boston released their highly successful début album. In the same year, hard rock bands featuring women saw commercial success as Heart released "Dreamboat Annie" and the Runaways débuted with their self-titled album. While Heart had a more folk-oriented hard rock sound, the Runaways leaned more towards a mix of punk-influenced music and hard rock. The Amboy Dukes, having emerged from the Detroit garage rock scene and most famous for their Top 20 psychedelic hit "Journey to the Center of the Mind" (1968), were dissolved by their guitarist Ted Nugent, who embarked on a solo career that resulted in four successive multi-platinum albums between "Ted Nugent" (1975) and his best selling "Double Live Gonzo!" (1978).

Question: Tres Hombres is the name of an album by what band?
Answer: ZZ Top
Intermarium
Intermarium ( , ] ) was a geopolitical project conceived by politicians in successor states of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in several iterations, some of which anticipated the inclusion as well of other, neighboring states. The proposed multinational polity would have extended across territories lying between the Baltic, Black and Adriatic Seas, hence the name meaning "Between-Seas".
Intermarium
Prospectively a federation of Central and Eastern European countries, the post-World War I Intermarium plan pursued by Polish leader and former political prisoner of the Russian Empire, Józef Piłsudski (1867–1935), sought to recruit to the proposed federation the Baltic states (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia), Finland, Belarus, Ukraine, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. The Polish name "Międzymorze" (from "między", "between"; and "morze", "sea"), meaning "Between-Seas", was rendered into Latin as "Intermarium."
Raivis Zeltīts
Raivis Zeltīts (born 21 March 1992 in Riga) is a Latvian politician, national-conservative activist, and writer. He is the Secretary-General of the National Alliance, as well as board member and leader of its youth organization. He was elected to the Mārupe municipal council in the 2013 municipal elections and re-elected in 2017.
Raivis Zeltīts
Zeltīts has bachelor's degree in history. He is the author of many articles both in Latvian and English about nationalism, geopolitics, and the idea of Intermarium in today's Europe. Liberal news magazine "New Eastern Europe" has called Raivis Zeltits “a key promoter of "identitaire" ideology in Latvian politics” and writes that with the national-conservative news portal "The New Nationalism" “Zeltīts has created a political platform, linking the far right from the Baltic to the Black Sea”. On 23 August 2017, Zeltīts' first book "Par Nacionālu Valsti" ("On Nation State") was published. It describes the ideas and tasks of Latvian nationalism in the 21st century in a systematic way. In 2019 Zeltits' book about Latvian national-conservative philosopher Pauls Jurevičs "Dr. Pauls Jurevičs un latviešu tautas misija" ("Dr. Pauls Jurevičs and the mission of the Latvian nation") was published, focusing on the philosopher's critique on Marxism, the modern West, and the potential of "young" European nations in regeneration of the European civilization.

Question: What was the planned, first devised by Raivis Zeltits, to form a federation of Central and Eastern European countries after World War I?
Answer: Intermarium
Miss Montana
The Miss Montana competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the U.S. state of Montana in the Miss America pageant.
Brittany Wiser
Brittany Wiser (born August 2, 1987) is an American beauty pageant title holder from Bozeman, Montana. As of 2015, she is one of only two women to earn both the Miss Montana and Miss Montana USA titles.

Question: After winning the Miss Montana pageant, Brittany Wiser represented Montana in which subsequent contest?
Answer: Miss America pageant
Vladimir Voevodsky
Vladimir Alexandrovich Voevodsky ( ; , 4 June 1966 – 30 September 2017) was a Russian-American mathematician. His work in developing a homotopy theory for algebraic varieties and formulating motivic cohomology led to the award of a Fields Medal in 2002. He is also known for the proof of the Milnor conjecture and motivic Bloch–Kato conjectures and for the univalent foundations of mathematics and homotopy type theory.
Alexander Kronrod
Aleksandr (Alexander) Semenovich Kronrod ( ) (October 22, 1921 – October 6, 1986) was a Soviet mathematician and computer scientist, best known for the Gauss-Kronrod quadrature formula which he published in 1964. Earlier, he worked on computational solutions of problems emerging in theoretical physics. He is also known for his contributions to economics, specifically for proposing corrections and calculating price formation for the USSR. Later, Kronrod gave his fortune and life to medicine to care for terminal cancer patients. Kronrod is remembered for his captivating personality and was admired as a student, teacher and leader.

Question: What scholar died at an older age, Alexander Kronrod or Vladimir Voevodsky?
Answer: Aleksandr (Alexander) Semenovich Kronrod
Alps
About 10,000 years ago, when the ice melted after the Würm glaciation, late Palaeolithic communities were established along the lake shores and in cave systems. Evidence of human habitation has been found in caves near Vercors, close to Grenoble; in Austria the Mondsee culture shows evidence of houses built on piles to keep them dry. Standing stones have been found in Alpine areas of France and Italy. The Rock Drawings in Valcamonica are more than 5000 years old; more than 200,000 drawings and etchings have been identified at the site.

Question: Why were houses built on piles?
Answer: to keep them dry
Capital punishment in the United States
Previous post-"Furman" mass clemencies took place in 1986 in New Mexico, when Governor Toney Anaya commuted all death sentences because of his personal opposition to the death penalty. In 1991, outgoing Ohio Governor Dick Celeste commuted the sentences of eight prisoners, among them all four women on the state's death row. And during his two terms (1979–1987) as Florida's Governor, Bob Graham, although a strong death penalty supporter who had overseen the first post-"Furman" involuntary execution as well as 15 others, agreed to commute the sentences of six people on the grounds of doubts about guilt or disproportionality.

Question: Who commuted all state capital sentences in 1986?
Answer: Toney Anaya
Napoleon
Seeking national reconciliation between revolutionaries and Catholics, the Concordat of 1801 was signed on 15 July 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII. It solidified the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France and brought back most of its civil status. The hostility of devout Catholics against the state had now largely been resolved. The Concordat did not restore the vast church lands and endowments that had been seized during the revolution and sold off. As a part of the Concordat, Napoleon presented another set of laws called the Organic Articles.

Question: The Concordat of 1801 strengthened the position of which church as the majority church of France?
Answer: the Roman Catholic Church
Religion in ancient Rome
By the height of the Empire, numerous international deities were cultivated at Rome and had been carried to even the most remote provinces, among them Cybele, Isis, Epona, and gods of solar monism such as Mithras and Sol Invictus, found as far north as Roman Britain. Foreign religions increasingly attracted devotees among Romans, who increasingly had ancestry from elsewhere in the Empire. Imported mystery religions, which offered initiates salvation in the afterlife, were a matter of personal choice for an individual, practiced in addition to carrying on one's family rites and participating in public religion. The mysteries, however, involved exclusive oaths and secrecy, conditions that conservative Romans viewed with suspicion as characteristic of "magic", conspiratorial ("coniuratio"), or subversive activity. Sporadic and sometimes brutal attempts were made to suppress religionists who seemed to threaten traditional morality and unity, as with the senate's efforts to restrict the Bacchanals in 186 BC. Because Romans had never been obligated to cultivate one god or one cult only, religious tolerance was not an issue in the sense that it is for monotheistic systems. The monotheistic rigor of Judaism posed difficulties for Roman policy that led at times to compromise and the granting of special exemptions, but sometimes to intractable conflict. For example, religious disputes helped cause the First Jewish–Roman War and the Bar Kokhba revolt.

Question: What was the standard practice in Roman religious life?
Answer: public religion
Cole Porter
Cole Albert Porter (June 9, 1891 – October 15, 1964) was an American composer and songwriter. Many of his songs became standards noted for their witty, urbane lyrics, and many of his scores found success on Broadway and in film.
Cole Porter
Born to a wealthy family in Indiana, Porter defied his grandfather's wishes and took up music as a profession. Classically trained, he was drawn to musical theatre. After a slow start, he began to achieve success in the 1920s, and by the 1930s he was one of the major songwriters for the Broadway musical stage. Unlike many successful Broadway composers, Porter wrote the lyrics as well as the music for his songs. After a serious horseback riding accident in 1937, Porter was left disabled and in constant pain, but he continued to work. His shows of the early 1940s did not contain the lasting hits of his best work of the 1920s and 1930s, but in 1948 he made a triumphant comeback with his most successful musical, "Kiss Me, Kate". It won the first Tony Award for Best Musical.
Around the World (musical)
Around the World is a musical based on the 1873 Jules Verne novel, "Around the World in Eighty Days", with a book by Orson Welles and music and lyrics by Cole Porter. It involves an around-the-world adventure by Phileas Fogg. The expensive musical extravaganza opened on Broadway in May 1946 but it closed after 75 performances.

Question: Which state was the composer, who wrote the music and lyrics to "Around the World," born?
Answer: Indiana
Imamate in Shia doctrine
Shias believe that Imamah is of the Principles of Faith (Usul al-Din). As the verse 4:165 of Quran expresses the necessity to the appointment of the prophets; so after the demise of the prophet who will play the role of the prophet; till the people have not any plea against Allah. The same logic that necessitated the assignment of prophets also is applied for Imamah. That is Allah must assign someone similar to prophet in his attributes and Ismah as his successor to guide the people without any deviation in religion.
Imamate in Shia doctrine
Although all these different Shia tariqahs belong to the Shia group (as opposed to the Sunni group) in Islam, there are major doctrinal differences between the main Shia tariqahs. After that there is the complete doctrinal break between all the different Shia tariqahs whose last Imams have gone into Occultation and the Shia Nizari Ismailis, who deny the concept of Occultation and so have to have a present and living Imam until the end of time.

Question: What group do the Shia tariqahs belong to?
Answer: Shia