qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Bird
Like the reptiles, birds are primarily uricotelic, that is, their kidneys extract nitrogenous waste from their bloodstream and excrete it as uric acid, instead of urea or ammonia, through the ureters into the intestine. Birds do not have a urinary bladder or external urethral opening and (with exception of the ostrich) uric acid is excreted along with faeces as a semisolid waste. However, birds such as hummingbirds can be facultatively ammonotelic, excreting most of the nitrogenous wastes as ammonia. They also excrete creatine, rather than creatinine like mammals. This material, as well as the output of the intestines, emerges from the bird's cloaca. The cloaca is a multi-purpose opening: waste is expelled through it, most birds mate by joining cloaca, and females lay eggs from it. In addition, many species of birds regurgitate pellets.

Question: What is a multi-purpose opening on birds?
Answer: cloaca
Freemasonry
English Freemasonry spread to France in the 1720s, first as lodges of expatriates and exiled Jacobites, and then as distinctively French lodges which still follow the ritual of the Moderns. From France and England, Freemasonry spread to most of Continental Europe during the course of the 18th century. The Grande Loge de France formed under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Clermont, who exercised only nominal authority. His successor, the Duke of Orléans, reconstituted the central body as the Grand Orient de France in 1773. Briefly eclipsed during the French Revolution, French Freemasonry continued to grow in the next century, at first under the leadership of Alexandre Francois Auguste de Grasse, Comte de Grassy-Tilly. A career Army officer, he had lived with his family in Charleston, South Carolina from 1793 to the early 1800s, after leaving Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) during the years of the Haitian Revolution.

Question: Who was the successor to the Grand Mastership of The Duke of Clermont?
Answer: the Duke of Orléans
Jan Akkerman
Jan Akkerman (born 24 December 1946) is a Dutch guitarist. He first found international commercial success with the band Focus, which he co-founded with Thijs van Leer. After leaving Focus, he continued as a solo musician, adding jazz fusion influences.
Jan Akkerman
The son of a scrap iron trader, Akkerman was born in Amsterdam. At age five he took guitar lessons and his first single was released in 1960, when he was thirteen years old. Akkerman won a scholarship to study at the Amsterdam Music Lyceum for five years, developing his composition and arranging skills. 
Focus Plays Focus
Focus Plays Focus is the first studio album by Dutch rock band Focus, released in September 1970 on Imperial Records. It is the only album recorded by the group's original line-up consisting of organist and vocalist Thijs van Leer, bassist Martin Dresden, drummer Hans Cleuver, and guitarist Jan Akkerman. It was renamed In and Out of Focus for the international re-release of the album from 1971 onwards which included their debut single "House of the King".

Question: Which person that recorded the album "Focus Plays Focus" was born on 24 December 1946?
Answer: Jan Akkerman
Josip Broz Tito
Prime Minister Josip Broz Tito met with the president of the Bishops' Conference of Yugoslavia, Aloysius Stepinac on 4 June 1945, two days after his release from imprisonment. The two could not reach an agreement on the state of the Catholic Church. Under Stepinac's leadership, the bishops' conference released a letter condemning alleged Partisan war crimes in September 1945. The following year Stepinac was arrested and put on trial, which was perceived by some as a show trial. In October 1946, in its first special session for 75 years, the Vatican excommunicated Tito and the Yugoslav government for sentencing Stepinac to 16 years in prison on charges of assisting Ustaše terror and of supporting forced conversions of Serbs to Catholicism. Stepinac received preferential treatment in recognition of his status and the sentence was soon shortened and reduced to house-arrest, with the option of emigration open to the archbishop. At the conclusion of the "Informbiro period", reforms rendered Yugoslavia considerably more religiously liberal than the Eastern Bloc states.

Question: What was Stepinac's sentence shortened to?
Answer: house-arrest
2019 World Athletics Championships
The 2019 IAAF World Athletics Championships ( ) was the seventeenth edition of the biennial, global athletics competition organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), since renamed World Athletics. It was held between 27 September and 6 October 2019 in Doha, Qatar, at the renovated multi-purpose Khalifa International Stadium, but reduced to 21,000 available seats. 1,772 athletes from 206 teams competed in 49 athletics events over the ten-day competition, comprising 24 events each for men and women, plus a mixed relay. There were 43 track and field events, 4 racewalking events, and 2 marathon road running events. The racewalking and marathon events were held in Doha Corniche.
Khalifa International Stadium
Khalifa International Stadium ( ), also known as National Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Doha, Qatar, as part of the Doha Sports City complex, which also includes Aspire Academy, Hamad Aquatic Centre, and the Aspire Tower. It is named after Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Qatar's former Emir. The final of 2011 AFC Asian Cup was held at this stadium. The stadium is also the first completed venue that will host a part of the 2022 FIFA World Cup. In 2017, it received a four-star rating from the Global Sustainability Assessment System (GSAS), the first in the world to be awarded this rating.

Question: Where is the multi-purpose stadium which 2019 World Championships in Athletics is to be held located 
Answer: Doha, Qatar
Kathmandu
Boudhanath ( ; also written as "Bouddhanath", "Bodhnath", "Baudhanath" or the "Khāsa" "Chaitya"), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with the Swayambhunath. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. About 11 km from the centre and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

Question: To what religion is Boudhanath holy?
Answer: Buddhist
Beyoncé
The release of a video-game "Starpower: Beyoncé" was cancelled after Beyoncé pulled out of a $100 million with GateFive who alleged the cancellation meant the sacking of 70 staff and millions of pounds lost in development. It was settled out of court by her lawyers in June 2013 who said that they had cancelled because GateFive had lost its financial backers. Beyoncé also has had deals with American Express, Nintendo DS and L'Oréal since the age of 18.

Question: How many people lost jobs when Beyonce left the video game deal?
Answer: 70 staff
Beer
Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are familiar with fall in the range of 4–6%, with a typical abv of 5%. The customary strength of British ales is quite low, with many session beers being around 4% abv. In Belgium, some beers, such as table beer are of such low alcohol content (1%–4%) that they are served instead of soft drinks in some schools.

Question: What percentage of alcohol by volume does beer achieve when it is re-pitched with champagne yeast?
Answer: around 20%
History of science
By 635 Chinese astronomers had observed that the tails of comets always point away from the sun.

Question: What year did Chinese astronomers start to observe comets?
Answer: 635
George VI
The trip was intended to soften the strong isolationist tendencies among the North American public with regard to the developing tensions in Europe. Although the aim of the tour was mainly political, to shore up Atlantic support for the United Kingdom in any future war, the King and Queen were enthusiastically received by the public. The fear that George would be compared unfavourably to his predecessor was dispelled. They visited the 1939 New York World's Fair and stayed with President Franklin D. Roosevelt at the White House and at his private estate at Hyde Park, New York. A strong bond of friendship was forged between the King and Queen and the President during the tour, which had major significance in the relations between the United States and the United Kingdom through the ensuing war years.

Question: Which fair was happening in New York in 1939?
Answer: 1939 New York World's Fair
John von Neumann
The electronics of the new ENIAC ran at one-sixth the speed, but this in no way degraded the ENIAC's performance, since it was still entirely I/O bound. Complicated programs could be developed and debugged in days rather than the weeks required for plugboarding the old ENIAC. Some of von Neumann's early computer programs have been preserved.

Question: What was the speed difference with new ENIAC?
Answer: new ENIAC ran at one-sixth the speed
The Shins
The Shins is an American indie rock band formed in Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1996. The band's current lineup consists of James Mercer (vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards, songwriter), Jon Sortland (drums), Mark Watrous (guitar, keyboards), Casey Foubert (guitar), Yuuki Matthews (bass, keyboards), and Patti King (keyboards). The band is based in Portland, Oregon.
Broken Bells
Broken Bells is an American indie rock band composed of artist-producer Brian Burton (better known as Danger Mouse) and James Mercer, the lead vocalist and guitarist for the indie rock band The Shins. Broken Bells compose and create as a duo, but are joined by Dan Elkan and Jon Sortland when performing live. The previous live band included Conor Oberst and the Mystic Valley Band sidemen Nate Walcott and Nik Freitas, and Jonathan Hischke and Dan Elkan, both ex-members of Hella. Following their 2010 self-titled debut album, the duo released an EP, "Meyrin Fields", in 2011 and their second studio album, "After the Disco", in 2014.

Question: When was the indie rock band which has a member of Broken Bells as the lead vocalist and guitarist formed? 
Answer: 1996
Lost and Safe
Lost and Safe is the third album by American musical duo The Books. It is stylistically similar to their previous albums, continuing their rich use of samples as diverse as Raymond Baxter ("That's the picture. You s-you see it for yourself."), W. H. Auden ("This great society is going smash / A culture is no better than its woods", from his poem "Bucolics: II, Woods"), and a reading of Lewis Carroll's poem "Jabberwocky". On "If Not Now, Whenever" Mal Sharpe asks a passerby "How're you doin' today?" Some of the sampled passages are either accompanied or performed elsewhere by guitarist/bassist Nick Zammuto in Sprechstimme. Some of the eclecticism of the samples is owed to their origins in Salvation Army shops.
Raymond Baxter
Raymond Frederic Baxter OBE (25 January 1922 – 15 September 2006) was an English television presenter, commentator and writer. He is best known for being the first presenter of the BBC Television science programme "Tomorrow's World", continuing for 12 years, from 1965 to 1977. He also provided radio commentary at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, the funerals of King George VI, Winston Churchill and Lord Mountbatten of Burma, and the first flight of Concorde.

Question: Which musical duo has an album that has sample as diverse as a the first presenter of the BBC television science programme "Tomorrow's World"?
Answer: The Books
Chicago Cubs
The shift in the Cubs' fortunes was characterized June 23 on the "NBC Saturday Game of the Week" contest against the St. Louis Cardinals; it has since been dubbed simply "The Sandberg Game." With the nation watching and Wrigley Field packed, Sandberg emerged as a superstar with not one, but two game-tying home runs against Cardinals closer Bruce Sutter. With his shots in the 9th and 10th innings Wrigley Field erupted and Sandberg set the stage for a comeback win that cemented the Cubs as the team to beat in the East. No one would catch them.

Question: What had the contest between the Cubs and the St. Louis Cardinals been dubbed as?
Answer: The Sandberg Game
Boston
Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer. Due to its location along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 F-change colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday.

Question: During what seasons is fog common in Boston?
Answer: spring and early summer
Bedevilled (2010 film)
Bedevilled (; lit. "The Whole Story of the Kim Bok-nam Murder Case") is a 2010 South Korean thriller film starring Seo Young-hee and Ji Sung-won. The film premiered as an official selection of International Critics' Week at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival.
Hwang Geum-hee
Hwang Geum-hee (born August 20, 1977) is a South Korean actress. Previously known by her stage name Ji Sung-won, Hwang began using her real name professionally in August 2013. Her most notable work is the critically acclaimed horror film "Bedevilled" (2010).

Question: Hwang Geum-hee's most notable work is a critically acclaimed horror film that premiered in which festival ?
Answer: the 2010 Cannes Film Festival
Nico Constantine
Nico Constantine is an American music director, producer, and guitarist, known for his work with Lady Gaga, Biters, Program the Dead, Comes with the Fall, and Madfly. He is the founder of Institution Records.
Biters (band)
Biters were a rock band from Atlanta, Georgia. The band was formed in 2009 developing from the band Poison Arrows. Biters released 4 EPs from 2010 to 2012 before they signed to independent record label Earache Records in 2015 and released their debut LP, "Electric Blood" on August 7 of the same year. Their final album "The Future Ain't What It Used To Be" came out in 2017.

Question: Nico Constantine has worked with what Atlanta Gergia rock band?
Answer: Biters
Harrier (dog)
The Harrier is a medium-sized dog breed of the hound class, 
Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund
The Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund (FCI No, 60) (translated into English as the Small Swiss Hound, is a breed of dog of the scenthound type from Switzerland. "Niederlaufhund" means short-legged hound. The breed has a number of different varieties (all of the same breed).

Question: Which dog breed has a number of different varieties, the Harrier or the Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund?
Answer: Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund
Didi Akinyelure
Didi Akinyelure is an award-winning British/Nigerian journalist. She is a graduate of chemical engineering from the University of Nottingham. In July 2016, she won the prestigious BBC World News Komla Dumor Award. In 2018, Didi received the University of Nottingham Special Excellence Alumni Laureate Award. Didi was the face of CNBC Africa's live morning show Open Exchange, West Africa.
Komla Dumor
Komla Afeke Dumor (3 October 1972 – 18 January 2014) was a Ghanaian journalist who worked for BBC World News and was the main presenter of its programme "Focus on Africa".

Question: Didi Akinyelure won a BBC World news Award that was named for what Ghanaian journalist who was the main presenter of the BBC World News program "Focus on Africa"?
Answer: Komla Afeke Dumor
Willie Gamble
Simon William Gamble (born 5 March 1968) is an English former footballer who scored 15 goals from 64 appearances in the Football League playing as a forward for Lincoln City. He also played non-league football for Grantham Town, Boston United, Shepshed Albion, Harworth Colliery Institute, Brigg Town, Armthorpe Welfare, Glapwell, Collingham (Notts) and Retford United. In 2020, he was assistant manager of Retford.
Grantham Town F.C.
Grantham Town Football Club is a football club, based in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division and play at the South Kesteven Sports Stadium.

Question: Simon WIlliam Gamble played non league football for what club located in Lincolnshire, England?
Answer: Grantham Town Football Club
Lenny Bruce
Leonard Alfred Schneider (October 13, 1925 – August 3, 1966), better known by his stage name Lenny Bruce, was an American stand-up comedian, social critic, and satirist. He was renowned for his open, freestyle and critical form of comedy which contained satire, politics, religion, sex and vulgarity. His 1964 conviction in an obscenity trial was followed by a posthumous pardon, the first in the history of New York state, by Governor George Pataki in 2003.
How to Talk Dirty and Influence People
How to Talk Dirty and Influence People is an autobiography by Lenny Bruce, an American satirist and comedian, who died in 1966 at age 40 of a drug overdose.

Question: The author of "How to Talk Dirty and Influence People" was convicted in an obscenity trial in what year?
Answer: 1964
Internet service provider
A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations.

Question: how does a user store electronic mail?
Answer: A mailbox provider
Millard Fillmore
Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874) was the 13th president of the United States (1850–1853), the last to be a member of the Whig Party while in the White House. A former U.S. representative from New York, Fillmore was elected the nation's 12th vice president in 1848, and succeeded to the presidency in July 1850 upon the death of President Zachary Taylor. He was instrumental in the passing of the Compromise of 1850, a bargain that led to a brief truce in the battle over slavery. He failed to win the Whig nomination for president in 1852, but he gained the endorsement of the nativist Know Nothing Party four years later, finishing third in the 1856 presidential election.
Millard Fillmore
Fillmore was born into poverty in the Finger Lakes area of New York state—his parents were tenant farmers during his formative years. Though he had little formal schooling, he rose from poverty through diligent study and became a successful attorney. He became prominent in the Buffalo area as an attorney and politician, and was elected to the New York Assembly in 1828, and to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1832. Initially, he belonged to the Anti-Masonic Party, but became a Whig as the party formed in the mid-1830s; he was a rival for state party leadership with editor Thurlow Weed and Weed's protégé, William H. Seward. Throughout his career, Fillmore declared slavery an evil, but one beyond the powers of the federal government, whereas Seward was not only openly hostile to slavery, he argued that the federal government had a role to play in ending it. Fillmore was an unsuccessful candidate for Speaker of the House when the Whigs took control of the chamber in 1841 but was made Ways and Means Committee chairman. Defeated in bids for the Whig nomination for vice president in 1844, and for New York governor the same year, Fillmore was elected Comptroller of New York in 1847, the first to hold that post by direct election.
Nathaniel Fillmore
Nathaniel Fillmore Jr. (April 19, 1771 – March 28, 1863) was an American farmer, and the father of Millard Fillmore, the 13th President of the United States.

Question: Which american president's father was a farmer and he was a former US representative from NY?
Answer: Millard Fillmore
Jon Flanagan
Jonathon Patrick Flanagan (born 1 January 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a full back who most recently played for Scottish Premiership club Rangers. Flanagan started his career with Liverpool, and has also played for Burnley and Bolton Wanderers. He has played in one full international match for the England national team, in 2014.
Jon Flanagan
While still in the U18 team, Flanagan made his reserve debut at Hull City in March 2010. Promoted to the reserve team at the start of the 2010–11 season, he first featured in the Lancashire Senior Cup triumph over Oldham Athletic. He was subsequently picked out as one of the reserve team to watch by "The Times" sport writer Tony Barrett.
Bradley Orr
Bradley James Orr (born 1 November 1982) is an English retired footballer. He is the uncle of Rangers defender Jon Flanagan.

Question: In what year was Bradley Orr's football playing nephew born?
Answer: 1993
The People vs.
The People vs. is the debut solo studio album by American rapper Trick-Trick. It was released on December 27, 2005 via WonderBoy Entertainment/Motown. Recording sessions took place at Batcave, at 54 Sound in Detroit, at X-Labs, at Doppler Studios in Atlanta, at Area 51, Brooklyn, and at Studio 612 in Bealeton, Virginia. Production was handled by Eminem, Mr. Porter, Jazze Pha and Trick-Trick himself. It features guest appearances from his brother and Goon Sqwad bandmate Diezel, a one-half of D12 members (Em, Kon Artis and Proof), Miz Korona, Obie Trice and Jazze Pha. The album peaked at number 115 on the "Billboard" 200. It spawned one single and music video for "Welcome 2 Detroit".
Proof (rapper)
DeShaun Dupree Holton (October 2, 1973 – April 11, 2006), known professionally as Proof, was an American rapper and actor from Detroit, Michigan. During his career, he was a member of the groups 5 Elementz, Funky Cowboys, Promatic, Goon Sqwad, and D12. He was a close childhood friend of rapper Eminem, who lived in the same neighborhood. Proof was often a hype man at Eminem's concerts.
Proof (rapper)
DeShaun Dupree Holton was born to Sharallene "Pepper" Holton, a single mother. His father, McKinley Jackson, was a music producer who left to pursue his career prior to Holton's birth. He was close friends with Eminem from a young age.

Question: What is the stage name of the American rapper from Michigan, who was a member of Funky Cowboys, Good Sqwad, and most notably for a group in which half the members made a guest appearance on the debut solo album 'The People vs' by Trick-Trick?
Answer: Proof
Transistor
The "junction forward voltage" is the voltage applied to the emitter–base junction of a BJT in order to make the base conduct a specified current. The current increases exponentially as the junction forward voltage is increased. The values given in the table are typical for a current of 1 mA (the same values apply to semiconductor diodes). The lower the junction forward voltage the better, as this means that less power is required to "drive" the transistor. The junction forward voltage for a given current decreases with increase in temperature. For a typical silicon junction the change is −2.1 mV/°C. In some circuits special compensating elements (sensistors) must be used to compensate for such changes.

Question: What is the junction forward voltage?
Answer: the voltage applied to the emitter–base junction of a BJT
Time
The use of time is an important issue in understanding human behavior, education, and travel behavior. Time-use research is a developing field of study. The question concerns how time is allocated across a number of activities (such as time spent at home, at work, shopping, etc.). Time use changes with technology, as the television or the Internet created new opportunities to use time in different ways. However, some aspects of time use are relatively stable over long periods of time, such as the amount of time spent traveling to work, which despite major changes in transport, has been observed to be about 20–30 minutes one-way for a large number of cities over a long period.

Question: What is a developing field of time related study?
Answer: Time-use research
Railway electrification system
1,500 V DC is used in Japan, Indonesia, Hong Kong (parts), Republic of Ireland, Australia (parts), France (also using 25 kV 50 Hz AC ), New Zealand (Wellington), Singapore (on the North East MRT Line), the United States (Chicago area on the Metra Electric district and the South Shore Line interurban line and Link light rail in Seattle, Washington). In Slovakia, there are two narrow-gauge lines in the High Tatras (one a cog railway). In the Netherlands it is used on the main system, alongside 25 kV on the HSL-Zuid and Betuwelijn, and 3000 V south of Maastricht. In Portugal, it is used in the Cascais Line and in Denmark on the suburban S-train system (1650 V DC).

Question: How many narrow-gauge lines in Slovakia?
Answer: two
Chicago (band)
Chicago is an American rock band formed in 1967 in Chicago, Illinois, calling themselves the Chicago Transit Authority in 1968 before shortening the name in 1969. The self-described "rock and roll band with horns" blended elements of classical music, jazz, R&B, and pop music. They began writing songs with politically charged lyrics, and later moved to a softer sound, generating several hit ballads. The group had a steady stream of hits throughout the 1970s and 1980s. In September 2008, "Billboard" ranked Chicago at number thirteen in a list of the top 100 artists of all time for Hot 100 singles chart success, and ranked them at number fifteen on the same list produced in October 2015. "Billboard" also ranked Chicago ninth on the list of the 100 greatest artists of all time in terms of "Billboard" 200 album chart success in October 2015. Chicago is one of the longest-running and most successful rock groups, and one of the world's best-selling groups of all time, having sold more than 100 million records. In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week.
Chicago (band)
To date, Chicago has sold over 40 million units in the U.S., with 23 gold, 18 platinum, and eight multi-platinum albums. They have had five consecutive number-one albums on the "Billboard" 200 and 20 top-ten singles on the "Billboard" Hot 100. In 1974 the group had seven albums, its entire catalog at the time, on the "Billboard" 200 simultaneously. The group has received ten Grammy Award nominations, winning one for the song, "If You Leave Me Now." The group's first album, "Chicago Transit Authority", released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. Chicago was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016. In 2017, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame for their songwriting efforts as members of the music group. Chicago will receive a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2020.
Chris Pinnick
Chris Pinnick is an American guitarist and songwriter, probably best known for his work with the band Chicago from 1980–1985.

Question: What year was the band Chris Pinnick is best known for working with formed?
Answer: 1967
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The territory of modern-day Mexico was home to numerous indigenous civilizations prior to the arrival of the Spanish "conquistadores": The Olmecs, who flourished from between 1200 BCE to about 400 BCE in the coastal regions of the Gulf of Mexico; the Zapotecs and the Mixtecs, who held sway in the mountains of Oaxaca and the Isthmus of Tehuantepec; the Maya in the Yucatán (and into neighbouring areas of contemporary Central America); the Purépecha in present-day Michoacán and surrounding areas, and the Aztecs/Mexica, who, from their central capital at Tenochtitlan, dominated much of the centre and south of the country (and the non-Aztec inhabitants of those areas) when Hernán Cortés first landed at Veracruz.

Question: Who lived in the Yucatan?
Answer: the Maya
Northwestern University
In January 2009, the Green Power Partnership (sponsored by the EPA) listed Northwestern as one of the top 10 universities in the country in purchasing energy from renewable sources. The university matches 74 million kilowatt hours (kWh) of its annual energy use with Green-e Certified Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs). This green power commitment represents 30 percent of the university's total annual electricity use and places Northwestern in the EPA's Green Power Leadership Club. The 2010 Report by The Sustainable Endowments Institute awarded Northwestern a "B-" on its College Sustainability Report Card. The Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN), supporting research, teaching and outreach in these themes, was launched in 2008.

Question: Which EPA club is Northwestern University included in?
Answer: Green Power Leadership Club
Mosaic
A striking technical innovation of the Komnenian period was the production of very precious, miniature mosaic icons. In these icons the small tesserae (with sides of 1 mm or less) were set on wax or resin on a wooden panel. These products of extraordinary craftmanship were intended for private devotion. The Louvre Transfiguration is a very fine example from the late 12th century. The miniature mosaic of Christ in the Museo Nazionale at Florence illustrates the more gentle, humanistic conception of Christ which appeared in the 12th century.

Question: The more humanistic conception of Christ appeared when?
Answer: in the 12th century
Copper
The softness of copper partly explains its high electrical conductivity (59.6×10 S/m) and high thermal conductivity, second highest (second only to silver) among pure metals at room temperature. This is because the resistivity to electron transport in metals at room temperature originates primarily from scattering of electrons on thermal vibrations of the lattice, which are relatively weak in a soft metal. The maximum permissible current density of copper in open air is approximately 3.1×10 A/m of cross-sectional area, above which it begins to heat excessively.
Copper
Copper is one of a few metallic elements with a natural color other than gray or silver. Pure copper is orange-red and acquires a reddish tarnish when exposed to air. The characteristic color of copper results from the electronic transitions between the filled 3d and half-empty 4s atomic shells – the energy difference between these shells corresponds to orange light.

Question: What metal has a higher thermal conductivity than copper?
Answer: silver
Napoleon
Bonaparte could win battles by concealment of troop deployments and concentration of his forces on the "hinge" of an enemy's weakened front. If he could not use his favourite envelopment strategy, he would take up the central position and attack two co-operating forces at their hinge, swing round to fight one until it fled, then turn to face the other. In this Italian campaign, Bonaparte's army captured 150,000 prisoners, 540 cannons, and 170 standards. The French army fought 67 actions and won 18 pitched battles through superior artillery technology and Bonaparte's tactics.

Question: What was Napoleon's favorite strategy?
Answer: envelopment
Elevator
Phase one mode is activated by a corresponding smoke sensor or heat sensor in the building. Once an alarm has been activated, the elevator will automatically go into phase one. The elevator will wait an amount of time, then proceed to go into nudging mode to tell everyone the elevator is leaving the floor. Once the elevator has left the floor, depending on where the alarm was set off, the elevator will go to the fire-recall floor. However, if the alarm was activated on the fire-recall floor, the elevator will have an alternate floor to recall to. When the elevator is recalled, it proceeds to the recall floor and stops with its doors open. The elevator will no longer respond to calls or move in any direction. Located on the fire-recall floor is a fire-service key switch. The fire-service key switch has the ability to turn fire service off, turn fire service on or to bypass fire service. The only way to return the elevator to normal service is to switch it to bypass after the alarms have reset.

Question: What happens when an elevator goes into Phase one mode?
Answer: The elevator will wait an amount of time, then proceed to go into nudging mode to tell everyone the elevator is leaving the floor
Erik the Red
Erik Thorvaldsson ( 950 – 1003), known as Erik the Red, was a Norse explorer, described in medieval and Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first settlement in Greenland. He most likely earned the epithet "the Red" due to the color of his hair and beard. According to Icelandic sagas, he was born in the Jæren district of Rogaland, Norway, as the son of Thorvald Asvaldsson. Erik's own son was the well-known Icelandic explorer Leif Erikson.
Erik the Red
Because of different killings, Erik the Red's father, Thorvald Asvaldsson, was banished from Norway. He sailed west from Norway with his family, including 10-year-old Erik, and settled in Hornstrandir in northwestern Iceland, where he eventually died before 980.
Thorstein Eiriksson
Thorstein Eiriksson ( ) was the third and youngest son of Erik the Red.

Question: Who was the youngest son of Erik Thorvaldsson?
Answer: Thorstein Eiriksson
Adolphus Busch
Adolphus Busch (July 10, 1839 – October 10, 1913) was the German-born co-founder of Anheuser-Busch with his father-in-law, Eberhard Anheuser. He introduced numerous innovations, building the success of the company in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He became a philanthropist, using some of his wealth for education and humanitarian needs. His great-great-grandson, August Busch IV, is a former CEO of Anheuser-Busch InBev.
August Busch III
August Anheuser Busch III (born June 16, 1937) is a great-grandson of Anheuser-Busch founder Adolphus Busch and was the company's Chairman until November 30, 2006. August Busch III is informally known as "Auggie" and as "The Third" or "Three Sticks" by subordinates and employees at Anheuser-Busch.

Question: August Anheuser Busch III, is a great-grandson of Anheuser-Busch founder Adolphus Busch and was the company's Chairman, until which date?
Answer: November 30, 2006
DSM (company)
Koninklijke DSM N.V. (Royal DSM, commonly known as DSM Dutch State Mines"), is a Dutch multinational corporation active in the fields of health, nutrition and materials. Headquartered in Heerlen, at the end of 2017 DSM employed 21,054 people in approximately 50 countries and posted net sales of €8.632 billion.
Polysilicone-15
Polysilicone-15 (INCI) is an organic compound used in hair products like shampoos, conditioners, hair sprays, pomades and color treatment products to absorb UVB radiation. In the EU, it is also approved for use in sunscreens and cosmetics. The absorption maximum is at about 310 nm. It is marketed as Parsol SLX by DSM.

Question: The company that markets Polysilicone-15 as Parsol SLX is headquartered where?
Answer: Heerlen
Vacuum
Ionization gauges are used in ultrahigh vacuum. They come in two types: hot cathode and cold cathode. In the hot cathode version an electrically heated filament produces an electron beam. The electrons travel through the gauge and ionize gas molecules around them. The resulting ions are collected at a negative electrode. The current depends on the number of ions, which depends on the pressure in the gauge. Hot cathode gauges are accurate from 10 torr to 10 torr. The principle behind cold cathode version is the same, except that electrons are produced in a discharge created by a high voltage electrical discharge. Cold cathode gauges are accurate from 10 torr to 10 torr. Ionization gauge calibration is very sensitive to construction geometry, chemical composition of gases being measured, corrosion and surface deposits. Their calibration can be invalidated by activation at atmospheric pressure or low vacuum. The composition of gases at high vacuums will usually be unpredictable, so a mass spectrometer must be used in conjunction with the ionization gauge for accurate measurement.

Question: What gauge is accurate from 10-2 torr to 10-9 torr?
Answer: Cold cathode gauges
Madrasa
As with any other country during the Early Modern Period, such as Italy and Spain in Europe, the Ottoman social life was interconnected with the medrese. Medreses were built in as part of a Mosque complex where many programmes, such as aid to the poor through soup kitchens, were held under the infrastructure of a mosque, which reveals the interconnectedness of religion and social life during this period. "The mosques to which medreses were attached, dominated the social life in Ottoman cities." Social life was not dominated by religion only in the Muslim world of the Ottoman Empire; it was also quite similar to the social life of Europe during this period. As Goffman says: "Just as mosques dominated social life for the Ottomans, churches and synagogues dominated life for the Christians and Jews as well." Hence, social life and the medrese were closely linked, since medreses taught many curricula, such as religion, which highly governed social life in terms of establishing orthodoxy. "They tried moving their developing state toward Islamic orthodoxy." Overall, the fact that mosques contained medreses comes to show the relevance of education to religion in the sense that education took place within the framework of religion and religion established social life by trying to create a common religious orthodoxy. Hence, medreses were simply part of the social life of society as students came to learn the fundamentals of their societal values and beliefs.

Question: What had a hold over social life in the Ottoman Empire as well as other cultures?
Answer: religion
South Park (season 1)
The first season of the animated television series "South Park" ran for 13 episodes from August 13, 1997 to February 25, 1998 on the American network Comedy Central. The creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone wrote most of the season's episodes; Dan Sterling, Philip Stark and David Goodman were credited with writing five episodes. The narrative revolves around four children—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick—and their unusual experiences in the titular mountain town.
An Elephant Makes Love to a Pig
"An Elephant Makes Love to a Pig" is the fifth episode of the first season of the American animated television series "South Park". It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on September 10, 1997. In the episode, the boys of South Park try to force Kyle's pet elephant to crossbreed with Cartman's pet pig for a class project on genetic engineering. Meanwhile, Stan tries to deal with his sister Shelley, who keeps beating him up.

Question: Who created the show whose first episode is titled An Elephant Makes Love to a Pig?
Answer: Trey Parker and Matt Stone
Polly Holliday
Polly Dean Holliday (born July 2, 1937) is an American actress who has appeared on stage, television and in film. She is best known for her portrayal of sassy waitress Florence Jean "Flo" Castleberry on the 1970s sitcom "Alice", which she reprised in its short-lived spin-off, "Flo". Her character's catchphrase of "Kiss my grits!" remains perhaps the most memorable line associated with the series "Alice".
The Gift of Love: A Christmas Story
The Gift of Love: A Christmas Story is a 1983 American made-for-television Christmas drama film, originally broadcast on CBS as an annual tradition for more than five years, premiering December 20, 1983. It starred Lee Remick, Angela Lansbury and Polly Holliday. It was produced by Dick Atkins and Michael Lepiner; directed by Academy Award winner Delbert Mann; and written by Earl Hamner, Jr., creator of "The Waltons", based on the short story "The Silent Stars Go By" by Bess Streeter Aldrich. The film was filmed on location in 1983 in Vermont, mainly in Burlington and the charming small town of Chelsea.

Question: What year was "The Gift of Love: A Christmas Story"'s actor Polly Holliday born in?
Answer: 1937
Due Date
Due Date is a 2010 American black comedy/road drama film directed by Todd Phillips and written by Phillips, Alan R. Cohen, Alan Freedland, and Adam Sztykiel. The film follows a man (Robert Downey Jr.) who must get across the country to Los Angeles in time for the birth of his child and is forced to road-trip with an aspiring actor (Zach Galifianakis). Michelle Monaghan, Juliette Lewis, and Jamie Foxx also star.
Due Date
Shot in Las Cruces, New Mexico, Atlanta, Georgia, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama, the film was released on November 5, 2010. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $211 million worldwide.
Zach Galifianakis
Zachary Knight Galifianakis ( ; born October 1, 1969) is an American actor, comedian, and writer who came to prominence with his "Comedy Central Presents" special in 2001 and presented his own show called "Late World with Zach" on VH1 the following year. He has also starred in films, such as "The Hangover" trilogy (2009–2013), "Due Date" (2010), "Puss in Boots" (2011), "The Campaign" (2012), "Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)" (2014), "Masterminds" (2016), and "The Lego Batman Movie" (2017).

Question: Zach Galifianakis starred in which 2010 comedy film directed by Todd Phillips?
Answer: Due Date
Group SNE
Group SNE is a Japanese company founded in 1986 by the current president Hitoshi Yasuda, which produces role-playing games, light novels, board games and card games. Ryo Mizuno was one of the founding members. Group SNE is named after Syntax Error, the programming language BASIC's term. The most famous product of Group SNE is "Record of Lodoss War" well known for a fantasy anime adaptation. Moreover, there are several anime adaptations based upon Group SNE's products such as "Legend of Crystania, Mon Colle Knights and Rune Soldier.
Mon Colle Knights
Mon Colle Knights, known in Japan as , is a Japanese manga series written by Satoru Akahori and Katsumi Hasegawa and illustrated by Hideaki Nishikawa. The original concept was made by Hitoshi Yasuda and Group SNE. The series is based on the Monster Collection trading card game.

Question: This Japanese producer of role-playing games founded in 1986 has has several anime adaptations based on their products, such as Legand of Crystania, Rune Soldier, and another series based on what trading card game?
Answer: Monster Collection
Washington University in St. Louis
Olin has a network of more than 16,000 alumni worldwide. Over the last several years, the school's endowment has increased to $213 million (2004) and annual gifts average $12 million per year. Simon Hall was opened in 1986 after a donation from John E. Simon. On May 2, 2014, the $90 million conjoined Knight and Bauer Halls were dedicated, following a $15 million gift from Charles F. Knight and Joanne Knight and a $10 million gift from George and Carol Bauer through the Bauer Foundation. In January 2020, Olin was named the Poets&Quants MBA Program of 2019.

Question: Who provided the donation that enabled the opening  Simon Hall?
Answer: John E. Simon
Orhan Pamuk
Ferit Orhan Pamuk (born 7 June 1952) is a Turkish novelist, screenwriter, academic and recipient of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature. One of Turkey's most prominent novelists, his work has sold over thirteen million books in sixty-three languages, making him the country's best-selling writer.
William Kennedy (author)
William Joseph Kennedy (born January 16, 1928) is an American writer and journalist who won the 1984 Pulitzer Prize for his novel "Ironweed".
William Kennedy (author)
Many of his novels feature the interactions of members of the fictional Irish-American Phelan family in Albany, New York. The novels make use of incidents from the city's history as well as the supernatural. Kennedy's works include "The Ink Truck" (1969), "Legs" (1975), "Billy Phelan's Greatest Game" (1978), "Ironweed" (1983), "Roscoe" (2002) and "Changó's Beads and Two-Tone Shoes" (2011). One reviewer said of "Changó's Beads and Two-Tone Shoes" that it was "written with such brio and encompassing humanity that it may well deserve to be called the best of the bunch".

Question: Who was born first Orhan Pamuk or William Kennedy?
Answer: William Joseph Kennedy
Hellenistic period
The Greek kingdom of Bactria began as a breakaway satrapy of the Seleucid empire, which, because of the size of the empire, had significant freedom from central control. Between 255 and 246 BC, the governor of Bactria, Sogdiana and Margiana (most of present-day Afghanistan), one Diodotus, took this process to its logical extreme and declared himself king. Diodotus II, son of Diodotus, was overthrown in about 230 BC by Euthydemus, possibly the satrap of Sogdiana, who then started his own dynasty. In  210 BC , the Greco-Bactrian kingdom was invaded by a resurgent Seleucid empire under Antiochus III. While victorious in the field, it seems Antiochus came to realise that there were advantages in the status quo (perhaps sensing that Bactria could not be governed from Syria), and married one of his daughters to Euthydemus's son, thus legitimising the Greco-Bactrian dynasty. Soon afterwards the Greco-Bactrian kingdom seems to have expanded, possibly taking advantage of the defeat of the Parthian king Arsaces II by Antiochus.

Question: What leader overthrew Diodotus II?
Answer: Euthydemus
Plymouth
During the 16th century, locally produced wool was the major export commodity. Plymouth was the home port for successful maritime traders, among them Sir John Hawkins, who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade, as well as Sir Francis Drake, Mayor of Plymouth in 1581–2. Crews for the first English failed settlement attempt at Roanoke Colony in North America departed in 1587 under Sir Walter Raleigh's and Drake's leadership; returning bearing maize, tobacco and potatoes.

Question: Who served as Plymouth's mayor in 1593?
Answer: Sir Francis Drake
Richard Armitage (actor)
Richard Crispin Armitage (born 22 August 1971) is an English film, television, theatre and voice actor. He received recognition in the UK with his first leading role as John Thornton in the British television programme "North & South" (2004). His role as dwarf prince and leader Thorin Oakenshield in Peter Jackson's film trilogy adaptation of "The Hobbit" brought him international recognition.
Richard Armitage (actor)
Other notable roles include John Proctor in Yaël Farber's stage production of Arthur Miller's "The Crucible", Francis Dolarhyde in the American TV series "Hannibal", Lucas North in the British TV drama "Spooks", John Porter in the British TV drama "Strike Back", Daniel Miller in the EPIX spy series "Berlin Station" and Guy of Gisborne in the British TV drama "Robin Hood". He voiced Trevor Belmont in the Netflix adaptation of "Castlevania". In 2020, he played the lead role in the Netflix miniseries "The Stranger".
John Proctor (Salem witch trials)
John Proctor (March 30, 1632 – August 19, 1692) was a landowner in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He was the son of John Proctor, Sr. (1594–1672) and Martha Harper (1607–1667). He was hanged on August 19, 1692 in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony during the Salem Witch Trials after being falsely accused and convicted for witchcraft.

Question: Richard Crispin Armitage,  is an English film, television, theatre and voice actor, other notable roles include John Proctor in Yaël Farber’s stage production of The Crucible, Proctor, was a farmer and tavern keeper, he was hanged to death on August 19, 1692 in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony, during which event?
Answer: Salem Witch Trials
Videotelephony
Typical use of the various technologies described above include calling or conferencing on a one-on-one, one-to-many or many-to-many basis for personal, business, educational, deaf Video Relay Service and tele-medical, diagnostic and rehabilitative use or services. New services utilizing videocalling and videoconferencing, such as teachers and psychologists conducting online sessions, personal videocalls to inmates incarcerated in penitentiaries, and videoconferencing to resolve airline engineering issues at maintenance facilities, are being created or evolving on an ongoing basis.

Question: What profession utilizes videoconferencing technology to conduct online sessions?
Answer: teachers