qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Bobby Ball
Robert Harper (born 28 January 1944), known professionally as Bobby Ball, is an English comedian, actor and singer. He is best known as one half of the double act Cannon and Ball, with Tommy Cannon. They hosted their own ITV show "The Cannon and Ball Show" for nine years between 1979 and 1988. Ball has since gone on to star in various sitcoms and dramas including "Last of the Summer Wine", "Heartbeat" and "Not Going Out". In 2005, Ball took part in the fifth series of "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!".
Juniper Jungle
Juniper Jungle is a short lived cartoon series based on the series of books created by the British comedian Bobby Ball. The series was later dubbed with American accents for the international market, where it aired as "Juniper Jungle Adventures".
Juniper Jungle
It is set in a thick jungle where toffees grow. Next to the jungle is the peaceful and fun Juniper village where residents such as Toby the Tortoise, Trevor Tiger, Mervin Monkey, Jock the Croc and Bertie Ball the Policeman live. But their happiness is always disturbed by the schemes of the bad-tempered Miserable Mattress and his gang of Nasties from Swampland, so the residents always have to come up with a clever way to foil them.

Question: For which act is the creator of "Juniper Jungle" best known?
Answer: Cannon and Ball
Black Dahlia
Elizabeth Short (July 29, 1924 – January 15, 1947), known posthumously as the "Black Dahlia", was an American woman who was found murdered in the Leimert Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. Her case became highly publicized due to the graphic nature of the crime, which included her corpse having been mutilated and bisected at the waist.
True Confessions (film)
True Confessions is a 1981 American neo-noir crime film directed by Ulu Grosbard and starring Robert De Niro and Robert Duvall as the brothers Spellacy, a priest and police detective. Produced by Chartoff-Winkler Productions, it is adapted from the novel of the same name by John Gregory Dunne, loosely based on the Black Dahlia murder case of 1947. Dunne wrote the screenplay with his wife, novelist Joan Didion. The film was released on September 25, 1981.

Question: True Confessions was a film that was based on the murder case that occurred in what city?
Answer: Los Angeles
21c Museum Hotels
21c Museum Hotels is a Louisville-based combination contemporary art museum and boutique hotel chain. As of 2018, it has been acquired by AccorHotels and manages nine properties in Louisville, Kentucky; Lexington, Kentucky; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Illinois, Bentonville, Arkansas, Durham, North Carolina, Oklahoma City, OK, Kansas City, MO and Nashville, Tennessee.
Serkan Özkaya
Serkan Özkaya (1973) is a Turkish-American conceptual artist whose work deals with topics of appropriation and reproduction. He typically operates outside of traditional art spaces and often makes multiple versions of even his own work including his most noted work David (inspired by Michelangelo). Özkaya's artworks are held in the permanent collections of the İstanbul Modern, Borusan Contemporary Art, and Arter in Istanbul, as well as three different 21c Museum Hotels locations—Louisville, Kentucky; Bentonville, Arkansas; and Nashville, Tennessee.

Question: which property in Oklahoma can you find Serkan Ozkaya's work?
Answer: 21c Museum Hotels
Liberia
Liberia scored a 3.3 on a scale from 10 (highly clean) to 0 (highly corrupt) on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions Index. This gave it a ranking 87th of 178 countries worldwide and 11th of 47 in Sub-Saharan Africa. This score represented a significant improvement since 2007, when the country scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries. When dealing with public-facing government functionaries, 89% of Liberians say they have had to pay a bribe, the highest national percentage in the world according to the organization's 2010 Global Corruption Barometer.

Question: What did Liberia's score  and ranking  on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index represent? 
Answer: a significant improvement since 2007
Bermuda
Local artwork may be viewed at several galleries around Bermuda, and watercolours painted by local artists are also on sale. Alfred Birdsey was one of the more famous and talented watercolourists; his impressionistic landscapes of Hamilton, St George's, and the surrounding sailboats, homes, and bays of Bermuda, are world-renowned. Hand-carved cedar sculptures are another speciality. One such 7 ft sculpture, created by Bermudian sculptor Chesley Trott, is installed at the airport's baggage claim area. In 2010, his sculpture "We Arrive" was unveiled in Barr's Bay Park, overlooking Hamilton Harbour, to commemorate the freeing of slaves in 1835 from the American brig "Enterprise".

Question: What type of art work does Chesley Trott produce?
Answer: Hand-carved cedar sculptures
Sully Erna
Salvatore Paul "Sully" Erna Jr. (born February 7, 1968) is an American musician, best known as the vocalist and rhythm guitarist for rock band Godsmack. He is also a harmonica player, percussionist and pianist, performing these on albums and at live shows. He was ranked 47th in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by "Hit Parader".
Dropbox (band)
Dropbox was a five-piece American rock band formed in 2002 in New York City. Their debut album, "Dropbox", was released on the Universal Records label with the help of Sully Erna.

Question: What vocalist born in 1969 helped release the debut album "Dropbox"?
Answer: Sully Erna
Agadez
Agadez, formerly spelled Agadès, is the 5th largest city in Niger, with a population of 110,497 (2012 census). The capital of Agadez Region, it lies in the Sahara desert, and is also the capital of Aïr, one of the traditional Tuareg–Berber federations. The historic centre of the town has been designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Agadez
Agadez was founded before the 14th century, and, by growing around trans-Saharan trade, gradually became the most important city of the Tuareg people, supplanting Assodé. The city still sees the arrival of caravans, bringing salt from Bilma.
Concord Day
Concord Day marks the anniversary of the signing of the 24 April 1995 Peace Accord between the Government of Niger and the Organisation of Armed Resistance ("Organization de Resistance Armee", ORA) at the Congressional Palace in Niamey ("Palais des Congrès de à Niamey"). While this accord was signed only by some armed groups and sporadic fighting continued until 1999, it marked the beginning of the end of the 1990 rebellion in the north and east of the country carried out by elements of Tuareg, Toubou, and other communities. The final peace agreement was celebrated with a "Flame of Peace" in which weapons were burned in Agadez on 25 September 2000, a date that is also commemorated each year in some communities.

Question: Which city in central Niger was where weapons were burned in September 2000 to commemorate a peace agreement?
Answer: Agadez
American Idol
The third season premiered on January 19, 2004. One of the most talked-about contestants during the audition process was William Hung whose off-key rendition of Ricky Martin's "She Bangs" received widespread attention. His exposure on "Idol" landed him a record deal and surprisingly he became the third best-selling singer from that season.

Question: Which contestant sold more albums than all except two from season three of American Idol?
Answer: William Hung
Genocide
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United Nations in order to judge those people responsible for the acts of genocide and other serious violations of the international law performed in the territory of Rwanda, or by Rwandan citizens in nearby states, between 1 January and 31 December 1994.

Question: the ICTR was created in November 1995 by which branch of the UN?
Answer: the Security Council of the United Nations
Congratulations (album)
Congratulations is the second studio album by American rock band MGMT. It was initially made available for free streaming through the band's website on March 20, 2010, prior to its official release on April 13 through Columbia Records. The album marks a departure from the synth-pop style that brought MGMT acclaim on their debut, "Oracular Spectacular", released three years prior, and features a more psychedelic, progressive and guitar-driven sound.
Congratulations (album)
Most of the songs were written by the band in early 2009. They eventually headed to a Malibu studio to work on "Congratulations", along with former Spacemen 3 producer Peter Kember, known professionally as Sonic Boom. Vocal contributions from Royal Trux singer Jennifer Herrema were also recorded for the album. Andrew VanWyngarden has stated that the album is influenced by the band's massive rise in popularity since "Oracular Spectacular"' s release. "It's us trying to deal with all the craziness that's been going on since our last album took off. Sometimes it just doesn't feel natural".
Siberian Breaks
"Siberian Breaks" is a song by the American rock band MGMT, released as the second single from their second studio album "Congratulations" (2010) as an exclusive release part of Record Store Day on April 17, 2010. It is the longest track on the album and MGMT's second longest song to date, clocking in a minute and a half behind "Metanoia." Andrew VanWyngarden has said that Siberian Breaks is his favorite song on the album. The song was released as a limited-edition 12" blue marble vinyl single for Record Store Day 2010, featuring the full 12-minute album version of "Siberian Breaks" on side A, with side B featuring a special etched design. There were 2000 copies pressed and it has been said to be "the perfect companion piece to the album". VanWyngarden has said of the song, "It's kind of like eight different songs strung together into one, and the general theme is about surfing in the Arctic Circle by Russia."

Question: "Siberian Breaks" is a song by the American rock band MGMT, released as the second single from their second studio album "Congratulations", released in which year?
Answer: 2010
Karl Dönitz
Karl Dönitz (sometimes spelled Doenitz; ] ( ) ; 16 September 1891 24 December 1980) was a German admiral during the Nazi era who briefly succeeded Adolf Hitler as the German head of state in 1945. As Supreme Commander of the Navy since 1943, he played a major role in the naval history of World War II. The Nuremberg Trials court convicted him of war crimes in 1946. 
Karl Dönitz
He began his career in the Imperial German Navy before World War I. In 1918, he was commanding when she was sunk by British forces. Dönitz was taken prisoner. While in a prisoner of war camp, he formulated what he later called "Rudeltaktik" ("pack tactic", commonly called "wolfpack").
Erich Raeder
Erich Johann Albert Raeder (24 April 1876 – 6 November 1960) was a German admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II. Raeder attained the highest possible naval rank, that of Grand Admiral, in 1939, becoming the first person to hold that rank since Henning von Holtzendorff. Raeder led the "Kriegsmarine" for the first half of the war; he resigned in January 1943 and was replaced by Karl Dönitz. At the Nuremberg Trials he was sentenced to life in prison but was released early due to failing health.

Question: Erich Raeder and Karl Dönitz both reached what rank in the German Navy?
Answer: Grand Admiral
Glacier
The permanent snow cover necessary for glacier formation is affected by factors such as the degree of slope on the land, amount of snowfall and the winds. Glaciers can be found in all latitudes except from 20° to 27° north and south of the equator where the presence of the descending limb of the Hadley circulation lowers precipitation so much that with high insolation snow lines reach above 6500 m . Between 19˚N and 19˚S, however, precipitation is higher, and the mountains above 5000 m usually have permanent snow.

Question: Between which north latitudes are glaciers not found?
Answer: 20° to 27° north
U.S. Route 127
U.S. Route 127 (US 127) is a 758 mi north–south U.S. Highway in the eastern half of the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at US 27 in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The northern terminus is at Interstate 75 (I-75) near Grayling, Michigan. Since 1987, it has been the core of the annual World's Longest Yard Sale, also known as the Highway 127 Corridor Sale (127 Yard Sale), which now stretches 690 mi from Addison, Michigan, to Gadsden, Alabama. The sale, held every August, was started to demonstrate that the older U.S. Highway System has something to offer that the Interstate Highway System does not.
127 Corridor Sale
The Highway 127 Corridor Sale, also called the 127 Yard Sale, is an outdoor second-hand sale held annually for four days beginning the first Thursday in August along U.S. Route 127 (US 127). The event has been promoted as "The World's Longest Yard Sale."

Question: This outdoor second-hand sale is held annually along a north–south U.S. Highway that is how long?
Answer: 758 mi
Kathmandu
Kathmandu is in the northwestern part of the Kathmandu Valley to the north of the Bagmati river and covers an area of 50.7 km2 . The average elevation is 1400 m above sea level. The city is bounded by several other municipalities of the Kathmandu valley: south of the Bagmati by Lalitpur Metropolitan City (Patan), with which it forms one urban area surrounded by a ring road, to the southwest by Kirtipur and to the east by Madyapur Thimi. To the north the urban area extends into several municipalities; Nagarjun, Tarakeshwor, Tokha, Budhanilkantha, Gokarneshwor and Kageshwori Manohara. However, the urban agglomeration extends well beyond the neighbouring municipalities, e.g. to Bhaktapur, and nearly covers the entire Kathmandu valley.

Question: Where does the Lalitpur Sub-Metropolitan City stand in relation to the Bagmati River?
Answer: south
Alexander Glazunov
Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov ( , 10 August 1865 – 21 March 1936) was a Russian composer, music teacher, and conductor of the late Russian Romantic period. He served as director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory between 1905 and 1928 and was instrumental in the reorganization of the institute into the Petrograd Conservatory, then the Leningrad Conservatory, following the Bolshevik Revolution. He continued heading the Conservatory until 1930, though he had left the Soviet Union in 1928 and did not return. The best-known student under his tenure during the early Soviet years was Dmitri Shostakovich.
Raymonda Variations
Raymonda Variations is a ballet made by New York City Ballet co-founder and ballet master George Balanchine to excerpts from the first act of Glazunov's "Raymonda" (1895–97). The premiere took place on 7 December 1961 at City Center of Music and Drama, New York, under the title "Valses et Variations". Balanchine and Alexandra Danilova had mounted a full-length production of "Raymonda" for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo in 1946.

Question: When was the composer of the ballet Raymonda, director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory  ?
Answer: between 1905 and 1928
Solar energy
Thermal mass is any material that can be used to store heat—heat from the Sun in the case of solar energy. Common thermal mass materials include stone, cement, and water. Historically they have been used in arid climates or warm temperate regions to keep buildings cool by absorbing solar energy during the day and radiating stored heat to the cooler atmosphere at night. However, they can be used in cold temperate areas to maintain warmth as well. The size and placement of thermal mass depend on several factors such as climate, daylighting, and shading conditions. When duly incorporated, thermal mass maintains space temperatures in a comfortable range and reduces the need for auxiliary heating and cooling equipment.

Question: Materials that can be used to store heat are known as what kind of mass?
Answer: Thermal
2011–12 Sevilla FC season
The 2011–12 Spanish football season is Sevilla Fútbol Club's 11th consecutive season in La Liga and eighth consecutive playing European competitions since its participation in the 2004–05 UEFA Cup, despite the earlier fall in the Fourth Qualifying Round in August. The team manager in the previous season, Gregorio Manzano, did not continue in the club. During the summer of 2011, Sevilla signed Marcelino as new manager after he unilaterally severed his contract with Racing de Santander. On 6 February, after losing 1–2 at home against Villarreal and after Sevilla earned just two points in its previous seven matches, he was sacked and replaced with Míchel. Finishing in ninth, the team did not qualify for European competition for the first time since 2004.
Marcelino García Toral
Marcelino García Toral (] ; born 14 August 1965), known simply as Marcelino in his playing days, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, and a manager.
Marcelino García Toral
During a ten-year senior career, he amassed La Liga totals of 74 matches and two goals, all at the service of Sporting de Gijón. He became a manager in 1997, working in the top division with Recreativo, Racing de Santander (two spells), Zaragoza, Sevilla, Villarreal and Valencia.

Question: The Sevilla Fútbol Club signed a new manager who once played as a what?
Answer: attacking midfielder
Renault R.S.16
The Renault R.S.16 was a Formula One racing car designed by the Renault Sport Formula One Team to compete in the 2016 Formula One season, and marked Renault's return to the sport as a constructor after a five-year absence. The chassis was designed by Nick Chester, Martin Tolliday and Nicolas Hennel with Bob Bell overseeing the design and production of the car as chief technical officer and Rémi Taffin leading the powertrain design. The car was built in Enstone in Oxfordshire with the engine supplied from Viry-Châtillon in France. It was driven by former McLaren driver Kevin Magnussen and 2014 GP2 Series champion Jolyon Palmer. Renault chairman Carlos Ghosn declared that they would not win in 2016, but wanted to in the future. The Renault R.S.16 was based on the previous season's Lotus E23 Hybrid car.
Renault R.S.16
After the mediocre results of the previous season under Lotus branding, 2016 proved to be a disaster for the team, as the car was slow and unreliable. This is partly due to the restructuring of the team, following its transition from Lotus which suffered from financial issues and poor management. In addition, the car's main weakness was its last year chassis: it suffered from aerodynamic problems plus a lack of upgrades to the car and was fitted with the inferior Renault R.E.16 power unit, compared to the Mercedes PU106B power unit in 2015. This therefore prevented the team from being competitive and ended up near the back of the grid.
Kevin Magnussen
Kevin Jan Magnussen (born 5 October 1992) is a Danish racing driver, currently driving for the Haas F1 Team. The son of four-time Le Mans GT class winner, GM factory driver and former Formula One driver Jan Magnussen, Kevin Magnussen came up through McLaren Formula One team's Young Driver Programme and drove for McLaren in the 2014 Formula One World Championship and has driven for Haas since .

Question: The Renault R.S.16 was driven by the McLaren driver of what nationality?
Answer: Danish
Chicago Cubs
An album entitled "Take Me Out to a Cubs Game" was released in 2008. It is a collection of 17 songs and other recordings related to the team, including Harry Caray's final performance of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" on September 21, 1997, the Steve Goodman song mentioned above, and a newly recorded rendition of "Talkin' Baseball" (subtitled "Baseball and the Cubs") by Terry Cashman. The album was produced in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Cubs' 1908 World Series victory and contains sounds and songs of the Cubs and Wrigley Field.

Question: When was Take Me Out to a Cubs game released? 
Answer: 2008
Jason Isaacs
Jason Michael Isaacs (born 6 June 1963) is an English actor and producer. He is best known for his roles as Lucius Malfoy in the "Harry Potter" film series, Colonel William Tavington in "The Patriot", Captain Hook in "Peter Pan", criminal Michael Caffee in the Showtime series "Brotherhood", Captain Waggoner in "Fury", Marshal Georgy Zhukov in "The Death of Stalin" and Vasili in "Hotel Mumbai". His other film roles include "Divorcing Jack" (1998), "The End of the Affair" (1999), "Sweet November" (2001), "The Tuxedo" (2002), "Nine Lives" (2005), "Friends with Money" (2006), "Good" (2008), "Green Zone" (2010), "Abduction" (2011), "A Single Shot" (2013), "After the Fall" (2014), "A Cure for Wellness" (2016) and "Skyfire" (2019).
Jason Isaacs
Isaacs' roles in television have included Dr. Hunter Aloysius "Hap" Percy in the Netflix supernatural series "The OA", Captain Gabriel Lorca in the first season of "", the voice of the Grand Inquisitor in "Star Wars Rebels" and the voice of Admiral Zhao in "". His other roles on television include "Capital City" (1989-1990), "Dangerous Lady" (1995), "The Fix" (1997), "Case Histories" (2011-2013), "Awake" (2012), "Rosemary's Baby" (2014) and "Dig" (2015). He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for "The State Within" (2006) and for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Harry H. Corbett in "The Curse of Steptoe" (2008).
The Curse of Steptoe
The Curse of Steptoe is a television play which was first broadcast on 19 March 2008 on BBC Four as part of a season of dramas about television personalities. It stars Jason Isaacs as Harry H. Corbett and Phil Davis as Wilfrid Brambell. The drama centres on the actors' on- and off-screen relationship during the making of the BBC sitcom "Steptoe and Son", and is based on interviews with colleagues, friends and family of the actors, and the "Steptoe" writers, Ray Galton and Alan Simpson.

Question: The actor who played Harry H. Corbett in The Curse of Steptoe also played which character in the Harry Potter films?
Answer: Lucius Malfoy
Airline Deregulation Act
The Airline Deregulation Act is a 1978 United States federal law that deregulated the airline industry in the United States, removing the federal government control over such areas as fares, routes, and market entry of new airlines. It introduced a free market in the commercial airline industry and led to a great increase in the number of flights, a decrease in fares, an increase in the number of passengers and miles flown, and a consolidation of carriers. The Civil Aeronautics Board's powers of regulation were phased out, but the regulatory powers of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) were not diminished over all aspects of aviation safety.
London-Corbin Airport
London-Corbin Airport ( ) (Magee Field) is in Laurel County, Kentucky, three miles south of London and about 12 miles north of Corbin. The airport is operated by both cities.
London-Corbin Airport
It has no scheduled airline service; the most recent flights were US Airways Express dba Air Kentucky and Tennessee Airways. From 1953-54 to 1980 the airport was served by Piedmont Airlines (1948-1989) DC-3s, Fairchild Hiller FH-227s and NAMC YS-11s.

Question: What year was the act which ended scheduled airland service at London-Corbin Airport passed?
Answer: 1978
Religion in ancient Rome
Chthonic gods such as Dis pater, the "di inferi" ("gods below"), and the collective shades of the departed "(di Manes)" were given dark, fertile victims in nighttime rituals. Animal sacrifice usually took the form of a holocaust or burnt offering, and there was no shared banquet, as "the living cannot share a meal with the dead". Ceres and other underworld goddesses of fruitfulness were sometimes offered pregnant female animals; Tellus was given a pregnant cow at the Fordicidia festival. Color had a general symbolic value for sacrifices. Demigods and heroes, who belonged to the heavens and the underworld, were sometimes given black-and-white victims. Robigo (or Robigus) was given red dogs and libations of red wine at the Robigalia for the protection of crops from blight and red mildew.

Question: What type of sacrifice victims were the dark gods offered?
Answer: dark, fertile
Pete Rose
Peter Edward Rose (born April 14, 1941), also known by his nickname "Charlie Hustle", is an American former professional baseball player and manager. Rose played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1963 to 1986, and managed the Cincinnati Reds from 1984 to 1989.
1978 Cincinnati Reds season
The 1978 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The Reds finished in second place in the National League West with a record of 92-69, 2½ games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers. The Reds were managed by Sparky Anderson and played their home games at Riverfront Stadium. Following the season, Anderson was replaced as manager by John McNamara, and Pete Rose left to sign with the Philadelphia Phillies for the 1979 season.

Question: Following the 1978 Cincinnati Reds season, a baseball player with what nickname left to sign with the Phillies?
Answer: "Charlie Hustle"
Madonna
Madonna experimented with more folk and acoustic music in "Music" (2000) and "American Life" (2003). A change was noted in the content of the songs in "Music", with most of them being simple love songs, but with an underlying tone of melancholy. According to "Q" magazine, "American Life" was characterized by "a thumping techno rhythm, liquid keyboard lines, an acoustic chorus and a bizarre Madonna rap." The "conventional rock songs" of the album were suffused with dramatic lyrics about patriotism and composition, including the appearance of a gospel choir in the song "Nothing Fails". Madonna returned to pure dance songs with "Confessions on a Dance Floor", infusing club beats and retro music with paradoxical and metaphorical lyrics. She moved to an urban direction musically with "Hard Candy" (2008), mixing R&B and hip hop with dance tunes. "MDNA" (2012) largely focused in electronic dance music, which she has embraced since "Ray of Light".

Question: What type of songs are in Confessions of a Dance floor?
Answer: dance songs
Oklahoma
More than 12000 mi of roads make up the state's major highway skeleton, including state-operated highways, ten turnpikes or major toll roads, and the longest drivable stretch of Route 66 in the nation. In 2008, Interstate 44 in Oklahoma City was Oklahoma's busiest highway, with a daily traffic volume of 123,300 cars. In 2010, the state had the nation's third-highest number of bridges classified as structurally deficient, with nearly 5,212 bridges in disrepair, including 235 National Highway System Bridges.

Question: How many national highway bridges in Oklahoma were found to be deficient in 2010?
Answer: 235
Uranium
The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily armored targets. Tank armor and other removable vehicle armor can also be hardened with depleted uranium plates. The use of depleted uranium became politically and environmentally contentious after the use of such munitions by the US, UK and other countries during wars in the Persian Gulf and the Balkans raised questions concerning uranium compounds left in the soil (see Gulf War syndrome).

Question: What percentage of high-density penetrators is not made up of depleted uranium?
Answer: 1–2%
Umayyad Caliphate
Umar is honoured for his attempt to resolve the fiscal problems attendant upon conversion to Islam. During the Umayyad period, the majority of people living within the caliphate were not Muslim, but Christian, Jewish, Zoroastrian, or members of other small groups. These religious communities were not forced to convert to Islam, but were subject to a tax ("jizyah") which was not imposed upon Muslims. This situation may actually have made widespread conversion to Islam undesirable from the point of view of state revenue, and there are reports that provincial governors actively discouraged such conversions. It is not clear how Umar attempted to resolve this situation, but the sources portray him as having insisted on like treatment of Arab and non-Arab ("mawali") Muslims, and on the removal of obstacles to the conversion of non-Arabs to Islam.

Question: What tax did non-Muslims pay in the Umayyad period?
Answer: jizyah
New York City
A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624—making New York the 12th oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement in the continental United States—with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on a citadel and Fort Amsterdam, later called "Nieuw Amsterdam" (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island. The colony of New Amsterdam was centered on what would later be known as Lower Manhattan. It extended from the lower tip of Manhattan to modern day Wall Street, where a 12-foot wooden stockade was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and British raids. In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General Peter Minuit, acting as charged by the Dutch West India Company, purchased the island of Manhattan from the "Canarsie", a small Lenape band, for "the value of 60 guilders" (about $900 in 2018). A disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.

Question: New Netherland established a permanent European presence in what year?
Answer: 1624
Happiness
In the "Nicomachean Ethics", written in 350 BCE, Aristotle stated that happiness (also being well and doing well) is the only thing that humans desire for their own sake, unlike riches, honour, health or friendship. He observed that men sought riches, or honour, or health not only for their own sake but also in order to be happy. For Aristotle the term "eudaimonia", which is translated as 'happiness' or 'flourishing' is an activity rather than an emotion or a state. Eudaimonia (Greek: εὐδαιμονία) is a classical Greek word consists of the word "eu" ("good" or "well being") and "daimōn" ("spirit" or "minor deity", used by extension to mean one's lot or fortune). Thus understood, the happy life is the good life, that is, a life in which a person fulfills human nature in an excellent way. Specifically, Aristotle argued that the good life is the life of excellent rational activity. He arrived at this claim with the "Function Argument". Basically, if it is right, every living thing has a function, that which it uniquely does. For Aristotle human function is to reason, since it is that alone which humans uniquely do. And performing one's function well, or excellently, is good. According to Aristotle, the life of excellent rational activity is the happy life. Aristotle argued a second best life for those incapable of excellent rational activity was the life of moral virtue. 
De Beneficiis
De Beneficiis (English: On Benefits) is a first-century work by Seneca the Younger. It forms part of a series of moral essays (or "Dialogues") composed by Seneca. "De Beneficiis" concerns the award and reception of gifts and favours within society, and examines the complex nature and role of gratitude within the context of Stoic ethics.
De Beneficiis
Although the title is typically translated as "On Benefits", the word "Beneficiis" is derived from the Latin word "beneficium", meaning a favor, benefit, service, or kindness. Other translations of the title have included: "On gifts and services"; "On the Award and Reception of Favors"; "On Favours"; and "On kind deeds".

Question: De Beneficiis and the series regarding "the happy life" translate to what Greek concept?
Answer: eudaimonia
Queen Victoria
Victoria's self-imposed isolation from the public diminished the popularity of the monarchy, and encouraged the growth of the republican movement. She did undertake her official government duties, yet chose to remain secluded in her royal residences—Windsor Castle, Osborne House, and the private estate in Scotland that she and Albert had acquired in 1847, Balmoral Castle. In March 1864 a protester stuck a notice on the railings of Buckingham Palace that announced "these commanding premises to be let or sold in consequence of the late occupant's declining business". Her uncle Leopold wrote to her advising her to appear in public. She agreed to visit the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society at Kensington and take a drive through London in an open carriage.

Question: What was a major reason Victoria's monarchy was not as popular as some others?
Answer: self-imposed isolation from the public
Estonia
The tradition of Estonian Song Festivals ("Laulupidu") started at the height of the Estonian national awakening in 1869. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. In 2004, about 100,000 people participated in the Song Festival. Since 1928, the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds ("Lauluväljak") have hosted the event every five years in July. The last festival took place in July 2019. In addition, Youth Song Festivals are also held every four or five years, the last of them in 2017.

Question: What year did the tradition of Laulupidu start?
Answer: 1869
Political party
The freedom to form, declare membership in, or campaign for candidates from a political party is considered a measurement of a state's adherence to liberal democracy as a political value. Regulation of parties may run from a crackdown on or repression of all opposition parties, a norm for authoritarian governments, to the repression of certain parties which hold or promote ideals which run counter to the general ideology of the state's incumbents (or possess membership by-laws which are legally unenforceable).

Question: What is considered a measurement of a state's support to liberal democracy?
Answer: The freedom to form, declare membership in, or campaign for
Serj Tankian
Serj Tankian ( , ] ; born August 21, 1967) is an Armenian-American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, poet, and political activist. He is best known as the lead vocalist, primary lyricist, keyboardist, and occasional rhythm guitarist of the heavy metal band System of a Down, which was formed in 1994.
Robert Ellis Orrall
Robert Ellis Orrall (born May 4, 1955) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. Signed to RCA Records in 1980, Orrall debuted that year with the album "Fixation". His first Top 40 single was "I Couldn't Say No", a duet with Carlene Carter. By 1990, Orrall had found success as a songwriter, having penned Number One singles for Shenandoah and Clay Walker. He returned to RCA in 1991 and charted the singles "Boom! It Was Over" and "A Little Bit of Her Love", from his first country music album, "Flying Colors". Orrall then joined frequent songwriting partner Curtis Wright in the CMA-nominated duo Orrall & Wright, recording one more album and charting two singles. They split up in 1994, however, and Orrall returned to his solo career, writing singles for Reba McEntire, Taylor Swift, and Lindsay Lohan, as well as producing records for Swift, Be Your Own Pet, and Love and Theft. He also performs and records as an indie rock musician in the band Monkey Bowl.

Question: Which artist is known for working with the band Monkey Bowl, Serj Tankian or Robert Ellis Orrall?
Answer: Robert Ellis Orrall
The Two Little Bears
The Two Little Bears is a 1961 American comedy film directed in CinemaScope by Randall Hood, written by George W. George, and starring Eddie Albert, Jane Wyatt, Soupy Sales, Butch Patrick, Donnie Carter and Jimmy Boyd. The film was released on November 1, 1961, by 20th Century Fox.
Jimmy Boyd
Jimmy Devon Boyd (January 9, 1939 – March 7, 2009) was an American singer, musician, and actor known for his recording of the song "I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus".

Question: What recorder of I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus starred in The Two Little Bears?
Answer: Jimmy Boyd
Joseph Kosinski
Joseph Kosinski (born May 3, 1974) is an American television commercial and feature film director best known for his computer graphics and computer generated imagery work, and for his work in action films. He made his big-screen directorial debut with the 2010 science fiction film "", the sequel to the 1982 film "Tron". His previous work has primarily been with CGI related television commercials including the "Starry Night" commercial for "Halo 3" and the award-winning "Mad World" commercial for "Gears of War".
Harold Young (director)
Harold Young (November 13, 1897 – March 3, 1972) was an American film director, editor, and occasional actor.

Question: What do Joseph Kosinski and Harold Young have in common?
Answer: director
Literature
Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a covert moral or didactic purpose, such as the Sanskrit "Panchatantra" or the "Metamorphoses" of Ovid. Drama and satire also developed as urban culture provided a larger public audience, and later readership, for literary production. Lyric poetry (as opposed to epic poetry) was often the speciality of courts and aristocratic circles, particularly in East Asia where songs were collected by the Chinese aristocracy as poems, the most notable being the "Shijing" or "Book of Songs". Over a long period, the poetry of popular pre-literate balladry and song interpenetrated and eventually influenced poetry in the literary medium.

Question: What societal evolution helped to develop drama and satire by providing a ready audience?
Answer: urban culture
Twelve Inches
Twelve Inches is a compilation album by Frankie Goes to Hollywood, featuring many remixes that had previously only been available in their original twelve-inch format.
Frankie Goes to Hollywood
Frankie Goes to Hollywood were a British band formed in Liverpool, England, in the 1980s. The group was fronted by Holly Johnson (vocals), with Paul Rutherford (vocals), Peter Gill (drums, percussion), Mark O'Toole (bass guitar) and Brian Nash (guitar).

Question: Twelve Inches is a compilation album by which 1980s British band?
Answer: Frankie Goes to Hollywood
The Country Bears
The Country Bears is a 2002 American family musical comedy film, directed by Peter Hastings, produced by Walt Disney Pictures, and based on the Disney theme park attraction "Country Bear Jamboree". The film stars Christopher Walken, Daryl Mitchell, Diedrich Bader (in a dual role), Alex Rocco, and Haley Joel Osment as the voice of Beary Barrington with the voice talents of Candy Ford, James Gammon, Brad Garrett, Toby Huss, Kevin Michael Richardson, and Stephen Root.
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again is a 1979 American comedy-western film directed by Vincent McEveety. Produced by Walt Disney Productions, it is a sequel to "The Apple Dumpling Gang" (1975), starring the comedy duo of Tim Conway and Don Knotts reprising their respective roles as Amos and Theodore. The film also stars Tim Matheson, Harry Morgan, and Kenneth Mars.
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again
Amos Tucker (Conway) and Theodore Ogelvie (Knotts), a pair of bumbling holdup men now going straight, arrive in the "boom town" of Junction City to start anew. But the duo end up causing havoc while getting cheated out of their money by two bank robbers named Wes Hardin (Osmond) and Hank Starrett (Gehring). Things worsen when Amos and Theodore end up being suspected of the robbery and end up on the run from the town's feared lawman Marshal Wooly Bill Hitchcock (Mars), who developed a personal vendetta toward Amos and Theodore after they accidentally humiliated and injured the marshal on two occasions. To escape Hitchcock's vengeance, ditching their donkey Clarise, as she was used by the robbers, Amos and Theodore enlist in the United States Cavalry at Fort Concho. But the duo's bunglings and a run-in with a now insane marshal, who found them by following Clarise, result in the fort being burned to the ground. The following day, the fort commander Major Gaskill (Morgan) is relieved of his position while Amos and Theodore are placed in a military jail.

Question: Are The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again and The Country Bears both comedy films?
Answer: yes
Bedknobs and Broomsticks
Bedknobs and Broomsticks is a 1971 American hybrid musical fantasy film directed by Robert Stevenson, produced by Bill Walsh and released by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by Buena Vista Distribution Company in North America on December 13, 1971. It is based upon the books "The Magic Bedknob; or, How to Become a Witch in Ten Easy Lessons" (1943) and "Bonfires and Broomsticks" (1947) by English children's author Mary Norton. The film, which combines live action and animation, stars Angela Lansbury and David Tomlinson.
The Beautiful Briny
"The Beautiful Briny" is a song written by Robert and Richard Sherman, originally for the Walt Disney film "Mary Poppins", but eventually used instead in the 1971 musical film production "Bedknobs and Broomsticks". David Tomlinson (Mr. Emelius Browne) and Angela Lansbury (Miss Eglantine Price) perform the song as a duet under the water, in the lagoon of the Island of Naboombu.

Question: what is the name of the book that is used for the movie that has The song  The Beautiful Briny?
Answer: The Magic Bedknob
Montevideo
s of 2010 , the city of Montevideo has been divided into 8 political municipalities ("Municipios"), referred to with the letters from A to G, including CH, each presided over by a mayor elected by the citizens registered in the constituency. This division, according to the Municipality of Montevideo, "aims to advance political and administrative decentralization in the department of Montevideo, with the aim of deepening the democratic participation of citizens in governance." The head of each "Municipio" is called an "alcalde" or (if female) "alcaldesa".

Question: How many political municipalities has the city of Montevideo been divided into as of 2010?
Answer: 8
San Jose State University
San José State University (San Jose State or SJSU) is a public university in San Jose, California. SJSU is the oldest public university on the West Coast and the founding campus of the California State University (CSU) system.
San Jose State University
Located in downtown San Jose, the SJSU main campus is situated on 154 acre , or roughly 19 square blocks. SJSU offers 145 bachelor's and master's degrees with 108 concentrations and five credential programs with 19 concentrations. The university also offers four doctoral degrees as of fall 2019. SJSU is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC).
George Manley
George Edmond Manley (born September 17, 1965 in Sacramento, California) is an American voice actor, novelist and screenplay writer. He attended San Jose State University, majoring in theatre arts, University of Nevada, Reno, majoring in journalism and holds his associate of science degree in Computer Information Systems and trained at San Francisco's Voice One Studio and with Braintracks Audio's Nancy Wolfson in commercial and character voiceover.

Question: George Edmond Manley (born September 17, 1965 in Sacramento, California) is an American voice artist, novelist and screenplay writer, he attended which comprehensive public university, located in San Jose, California, United States, majoring in theatre arts, University of Nevada, Reno, majoring in journalism and holds his associate of science degree in Computer Information Systems? 
Answer: San Jose State University
BeiDou
Sun Jiadong, the chief designer of the navigation system, said in 2010 that "Many organizations have been using our system for a while, and they like it very much".

Question: Who is the chief designer of the BeiDou navigation system?
Answer: Sun Jiadong
Super Bowl V
Super Bowl V, the fifth edition of the Super Bowl and first modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, was an American football game played between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Baltimore Colts and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys to decide the NFL champion for the 1970 season. The Colts defeated the Cowboys by the score of 16–13 on a field goal with 5 seconds left in the game. The game was played on January 17, 1971, at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida, the first Super Bowl game played on artificial turf, on first-generation Poly-Turf.
Roy Hilton
Roy Lee Hilton (March 23, 1943 – January 6, 2019) was an American football defensive end in the National Football League from 1965 through 1975.
Roy Hilton
During that span he appeared in Super Bowl III and Super Bowl V for the Baltimore Colts. He played college football at Jackson State University. Hilton died in 2019 at the age of 75; he had dementia in his later years.

Question: Roy Hilton played in Super Bowl V against the Cowboys, what was his position?
Answer: defensive end
Boise State University
Boise State University (BSU) is a public research university in Boise, Idaho. Founded in 1932 by the Episcopal Church, it became an independent junior college in 1934, and has been awarding baccalaureate and master's degrees since 1965. 
Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology
Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology (RHIT) is a private college specializing in teaching engineering, mathematics, and science and located in Terre Haute, Indiana.

Question: Which one is a private college, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology or Boise State University?
Answer: Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology
Christian Brothers University
Christian Brothers University is a private Catholic university in Memphis, Tennessee. The university is run by the De La Salle Brothers, a Roman Catholic religious order founded by St. John Baptist de la Salle, the patron saint of teachers. It is the oldest collegiate degree-granting institution in the city.
Christian Brothers University
Christian Brothers College was founded November 19, 1871, by members of the De La Salle Christian Brothers. The Brothers came to Memphis at the request of the people and clergy of the city, after more than a decade of efforts to persuade the Brothers to open a college there.
San Diego State University
San Diego State University (SDSU) is a public research university in San Diego, California. Founded in 1897 as San Diego Normal School, it is the third-oldest university in the 23-member California State University (CSU) system. SDSU has a Fall 2019 student body of 35,081 and an alumni base of more than 300,000.

Question: Which of the following is located near the Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium: San Diego State University or Christian Brothers University?
Answer: Christian Brothers University
Angel with an Attitude
Angel with an Attitude is the sixth studio album released by British recording artist Samantha Fox.
Samantha Fox
Samantha Karen Fox (born 15 April 1966) is an British singer, songwriter, actress, and former glamour model. In 1983, at age 16, she began appearing as a topless model on Page 3 of British tabloid newspaper "The Sun", and continued as a Page 3 girl until 1986. During this time, she became the most popular pin-up girl of her era, as well as one of the most photographed British women of the 1980s.

Question: Which album was produced by a topless model as well as one of the most photographed British women of the 1980s?
Answer: Angel with an Attitude
2008 Sichuan earthquake
Besides parents, Liu Shaokun ( ), a Sichuan school teacher, was detained on June 25, 2008, for "disseminating rumors and destroying social order" about the Sichuan earthquake. Liu's family was later told that he was being investigated on suspicion of the crime of inciting subversion. Liu had travelled to the Shifang, taken photos of collapsed school buildings, and put them online. He had also expressed his anger at “the shoddy tofu-dregs buildings” ( ) in a media interview. He was ordered to serve one year of re-education through labor (RTL). According to the organization Human Rights in China, Liu has been released to serve his RTL sentence outside of the labor camp.

Question: Where did he call the schoolhouses shoddy?
Answer: in a media interview