qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Sarpino's Pizzeria
Sarpino's Pizzeria is a fast food restaurant chain specializing in pizza, with international operations headquartered in Singapore and U.S. operations headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Lincolnshire, Illinois.
Donatos Pizza
Donatos Pizza is a pizza delivery restaurant franchisor headquartered in Gahanna, Ohio, United States. It has nearly 200 locations in ten states, with the majority of locations in Ohio. Donatos is also served at several venue outlets including Ohio Stadium and the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.

Question: Which restaurant chain has a larger international presence, Sarpino's Pizzeria or Donatos Pizza?
Answer: Sarpino's Pizzeria
Religion in ancient Rome
Lucan depicts Sextus Pompeius, the doomed son of Pompey the Great, as convinced "the gods of heaven knew too little" and awaiting the Battle of Pharsalus by consulting with the Thessalian witch Erichtho, who practices necromancy and inhabits deserted graves, feeding on rotting corpses. Erichtho, it is said, can arrest "the rotation of the heavens and the flow of rivers" and make "austere old men blaze with illicit passions". She and her clients are portrayed as undermining the natural order of gods, mankind and destiny. A female foreigner from Thessaly, notorious for witchcraft, Erichtho is the stereotypical witch of Latin literature, along with Horace's Canidia.

Question: What natural order was Erichtho accused of undermining?
Answer: order of gods
Reba Live
Reba Live is a live album by American country singer Reba McEntire released on August 30, 1989. It is Reba's only live album to date. It features material primarily from her MCA recordings, including several covers ("Respect", "Jolene", "Mama Tried", "Night Life" and "Sweet Dreams"). The album had no singles. It won the Favorite Country Album award at the American Music Awards.
Jolene (song)
"Jolene" is a song written and performed by American country music artist Dolly Parton. It was released on October 15, 1973 as the first single and title track from her album of the same name, produced by Bob Ferguson.

Question: Which song on the album "Reba Live" was first released by Dolly Parton in October 1973?
Answer: Jolene
Treaty
Treaties sometimes include provisions for self-termination, meaning that the treaty is automatically terminated if certain defined conditions are met. Some treaties are intended by the parties to be only temporarily binding and are set to expire on a given date. Other treaties may self-terminate if the treaty is meant to exist only under certain conditions.

Question: What provision might a treaty include if it's meant to be only temporarily binding?
Answer: set to expire on a given date
Financial crisis of 2007–2008
The former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, Raghuram Rajan, had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund. In 2005, at a celebration honoring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that was critical of the financial sector. In that paper, Rajan "argued that disaster might loom". Rajan argued that financial sector managers were encouraged to "take risks that generate severe adverse consequences with small probability but, in return, offer generous compensation the rest of the time. These risks are known as tail risks. But perhaps the most important concern is whether banks will be able to provide liquidity to financial markets so that if the tail risk does materialize, financial positions can be unwound and losses allocated so that the consequences to the real economy are minimized."

Question: When did Raghuram Rajan become chief economist the the International Monetary Fund?
Answer: 2005
Tuberculosis
Diagnosing active tuberculosis based only on signs and symptoms is difficult, as is diagnosing the disease in those who have a weakened immune system. A diagnosis of TB should, however, be considered in those with signs of lung disease or constitutional symptoms lasting longer than two weeks. A chest X-ray and multiple sputum cultures for acid-fast bacilli are typically part of the initial evaluation. Interferon-γ release assays and tuberculin skin tests are of little use in most of the developing world. Interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) have similar limitations in those with HIV.

Question: If a patient has some symptoms associated with TB, after what time period should tuberculosis be diagnostically considered?
Answer: two weeks
Twenty One Pilots
Twenty One Pilots (stylized in all lowercase or as twenty øne piløts) is an American musical duo from Columbus, Ohio. The band was formed in 2009 by lead vocalist Tyler Joseph along with Nick Thomas and Chris Salih, both of whom left in 2011. Since their departure, the line-up has consisted of Joseph and drummer Josh Dun. The duo is best known for the singles "Stressed Out", "Ride", and "Heathens". The group received a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards for "Stressed Out".
Twenty One Pilots
The band independently released two albums, "Twenty One Pilots" (2009) and "Regional at Best" (2011), before being signed by record label Fueled by Ramen in 2012. Their label debut, "Vessel", was released in 2013. The duo achieved breakthrough success with their fourth album, "Blurryface" (2015), which produced the successful singles "Stressed Out" and "Ride" and became the first album in history on which every track received at least a gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America. The release of the single "Heathens" also made the group the first alternative artist to have two concurrent top ten singles in the United States. The duo's fifth studio album, "Trench", was released on October 5, 2018.
Catherine Wheel (band)
Catherine Wheel were an English alternative rock band from Great Yarmouth. The band was active from 1990 to 2000, releasing five full-length albums in their career, embarking on many lengthy tours and experiencing fluctuating levels of commercial success.
Catherine Wheel (band)
Catherine Wheel formed in 1990, comprising singer-guitarist Rob Dickinson (cousin of Iron Maiden's Bruce Dickinson), guitarist Brian Futter, bassist Dave Hawes, and drummer Neil Sims. Hawes had previously played in a Joy Division-influenced band called Eternal. They took their moniker from the firework known as the Catherine wheel, which in turn had taken its name from the medieval torture device of the same name. The band was sometimes included in the shoegazing scene, characterized by bands that made extensive use of guitar feedback and droning washes of noise, as well as their continuous interaction with extensive numbers of effects pedals on the stage floor.

Question: Did the bands Twenty One Pilots and Catherine Wheel both perform on tour?
Answer: yes
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders, both named Ann, and the stands of bur oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-wing politics. Ann Arbor became a focal point for political activism, such as opposition to the Vietnam War and support for the legalization of cannabis.

Question: During  the 1960's & 70's, Ann Arbor gained a reputation for what?
Answer: center for left-wing politics
New Haven, Connecticut
New Haven lies at the intersection of Interstate 95 on the coast—which provides access southwards and/or westwards to the western coast of Connecticut and to New York City, and eastwards to the eastern Connecticut shoreline, Rhode Island, and eastern Massachusetts—and Interstate 91, which leads northward to the interior of Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont and the Canada–US border. I-95 is infamous for traffic jams increasing with proximity to New York City; on the east side of New Haven it passes over the Quinnipiac River via the Pearl Harbor Memorial, or "Q Bridge", which often presents a major bottleneck to traffic. I-91, however, is relatively less congested, except at the intersection with I-95 during peak travel times.

Question: Which New Haven interstate is less congested throughout times designated as peak travel?
Answer: I-91
Olafur Eliasson
Danish–Icelandic artist known for sculptures and large-scale installation art employing elemental materials such as light, water, and air temperature to enhance the viewer’s experience. In 1995 he established Studio Olafur Eliasson in Berlin, a laboratory for spatial research. Olafur represented Denmark at the 50th Venice Biennale in 2003 and later that year installed "The Weather Project" in the Turbine Hall of Tate Modern, London.
Hans-Henning Korb
Hans-Henning Korb (born 1988 in Berlin, Germany) is a contemporary artist based in Berlin. Hans-Henning Korb holds a BFA and an MFA in visual arts from the Berlin University of the Arts, in Berlin. He studied in the class of Hito Steyerl and at the Olafur Eliasson's Institute for Spatial Experiments (Institut für Raumexperimente)., and was a visiting student at the School of Fine Arts at the Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia and the Hunter College in New York City. His work has been exhibited internationally, in venues such as the Empty Gallery, Hong Kong (2016); Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany (2014); "Photo LA", Los Angeles, CA, United States (2012); and many more.

Question: What artist know for sculptures did Hans-Henning Korb study the class of, aside Hito Steyerl?
Answer: Olafur Eliasson
I Can't
"I Can't" is a song recorded by American rapper Foxy Brown featuring the R&B girl group Total. It was released as the second single from her second studio album "Chyna Doll" in 1999 by Def Jam.
Total (girl group)
Total is an American R&B girl group originally from the Plainfield, New Jersey, United States, and one of the signature acts of Sean Combs' Bad Boy Records imprint during the 1990s. The group consisted of members Kima Raynor, Keisha Spivey, and Pamela Long. Total is best known for their feature on Mase's "What You Want", as well as their hits "Kissin' You", "Can't You See" (featuring The Notorious B.I.G.), and "What About Us?" and "Trippin'", both featuring Missy Elliott. Long was also featured on The Notorious B.I.G.'s hit song "Hypnotize", singing the chorus. Total made their first appearance singing the hook on The Notorious B.I.G.'s debut single, "Juicy", widely considered one of the greatest hip-hop songs of all time.

Question: "I Can't" is a song recorded by American rapper Foxy Brown featuring this R&B girl group consisting of members Kima ray nor, Keisha Spivey, and Pamela Long?
Answer: Total
Uranium
The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the late Middle Ages, pitchblende was extracted from the Habsburg silver mines in Joachimsthal, Bohemia (now Jáchymov in the Czech Republic), and was used as a coloring agent in the local glassmaking industry. In the early 19th century, the world's only known sources of uranium ore were these mines.

Question: In what county was glass with uranium oxide content found?
Answer: Italy
Ratatouille (film)
Ratatouille is a 2007 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It was the eighth film produced by Pixar, and was written and directed by Brad Bird, who took over from Jan Pinkava in 2005, and produced by Brad Lewis, from an original idea from Bird, Pinkava and Jim Capobianco. The title refers to the French dish ratatouille, which is served at the end of the film and also references the animal type of the main character, a rat. The plot follows a rat named Remy, who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy.
Ratatouille (film)
The film stars the voices of Patton Oswalt as Remy, an anthropomorphic rat who is interested in cooking; Lou Romano as Alfredo Linguini, a young garbage boy who befriends Remy; Ian Holm as Skinner, the head chef of Auguste Gusteau's restaurant; Janeane Garofalo as Colette Tatou, a rôtisseur at Gusteau's restaurant and the staff's only female chef; Peter O'Toole as Anton Ego, a restaurant critic; Brian Dennehy as Django, Remy's father and leader of his clan; Peter Sohn as Emile, Remy's older brother; and Brad Garrett as Auguste Gusteau, a recently deceased chef.
Stéphane Roux (actor)
Stéphane Roux is a French voice actor and animator for Disney. He has provided the voice of the cooking channel narrator in the English version of Ratatouille, among other voice talents.

Question: Who directed the 2007 American computer-animated comedy film in which Stéphane Roux voiced the cooking channel narrator?
Answer: Brad Bird
Hy-Vee
Hy-Vee is a chain of supermarkets in the Midwestern United States, with more than 245 locations in Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Hy-Vee was founded in 1930 by Charles Hyde and David Vredenburg in Beaconsfield, Iowa, in a small brick building known as the Beaconsfield Supply Store, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Beaconsfield Supply Store
Beaconsfield Supply Store is a one-story brick building in rural Ringgold County, Iowa, United States. Built in 1916, it became the birthplace of the Hy-Vee chain of stores when Charles Hyde and David Vredenburg opened a general store together in 1930. The building was later used for a variety of purposes, including a telephone exchange. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Question: Beaconsfield Supply Store was the birthplace of the supermarkets founded in what year?
Answer: 1930
British Isles
The islands are at relatively low altitudes, with central Ireland and southern Great Britain particularly low-lying: the lowest point in the islands is the North Slob in County Wexford, Ireland, with an elevation of -3.0 m . The Scottish Highlands in the northern part of Great Britain are mountainous, with Ben Nevis being the highest point on the islands at 1345 m . Other mountainous areas include Wales and parts of Ireland, although only seven peaks in these areas reach above 1000 m . Lakes on the islands are generally not large, although Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland is an exception, covering 150 sqmi . The largest freshwater body in Great Britain (by area) is Loch Lomond at 27.5 sqmi , and Loch Ness (by volume) whilst Loch Morar is the deepest freshwater body in the British Isles, with a maximum depth of 1017 ft . There are a number of major rivers within the British Isles. The longest is the Shannon in Ireland at 224 mi . The river Severn at 220 mi is the longest in Great Britain.

Question: What is the longest river in Ireland?
Answer: the Shannon
University of California, San Diego
The University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego or, colloquially, UCSD ) is a public research university in San Diego, California. Established in 1960 near the pre-existing Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego is the seventh-oldest of the 10 University of California campuses and offers over 200 undergraduate and graduate degree programs, enrolling approximately 30,800 undergraduate and 8,000 graduate students. The university occupies 2141 acre near the coast of the Pacific Ocean, with the main campus resting on approximately 1152 acre .
University of California, San Diego
UC San Diego is organized into seven undergraduate residential colleges (Revelle, John Muir, Thurgood Marshall, Earl Warren, Eleanor Roosevelt, Sixth, and Seventh ), four academic divisions (Arts and Humanities, Biological Sciences, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences), and seven graduate and professional schools (Jacobs School of Engineering, Rady School of Management, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, School of Global Policy and Strategy, School of Medicine, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and the newly formed Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science). UC San Diego Health, the region's only academic health system, provides patient care, conducts medical research and educates future health care professionals at the UC San Diego Medical Center, Hillcrest, Jacobs Medical Center, Moores Cancer Center, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Koman Family Outpatient Pavilion and various express care and urgent care clinics throughout San Diego.
Tribhuvan University
Tribhuvan University (TU; ) is a public university for higher education, located in Kirtipur, which is an ancient city in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. The university, established in 1959, is the oldest university in Nepal. In terms of enrollment, it is the 12th largest university in the world. The university offers 2,079 undergraduate and 2,000 postgraduate programs across a wide range of disciplines. As of March 2017, the university has 60 constituent campuses and 1,084 affiliated colleges across the country. Since it is government financed, it is less expensive than private universities.

Question: University of California, San Diego and Tribhuvan University, are universities of which mutual type?
Answer: public
Team2015
Team2015 was a political campaign initiative by the Conservative Party UK that aimed to recruit volunteers for the 2015 general election. It was set up by Grant Shapps, Conservative Party Chairman, as a vehicle for organizing volunteers to campaign in the target 40/40 seats. The core leads of the team are Stella Kyriazis, Charles Spungin and the Party Chairman's Office. As of December 2014 there were approximately 40,000 volunteers who had joined the initiative.
Grant Shapps
Grant Shapps (born 14 September 1968) is a British politician who has served as Secretary of State for Transport since 2019. Shapps also has Cabinet responsibility for the Northern Powerhouse. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Welwyn Hatfield since the 2005 general election. He served as Chairman of the Conservative Party from 2012 to 2015, also holding the title of Minister without Portfolio in the Cabinet Office. His salary was paid by the party.
Grant Shapps
Following the 2010 general election, he was appointed Minister of State for Housing and Local Government; the following 9 June, Shapps was appointed as a Privy Counsellor. On 11 May 2015, he resigned as party chairman after his appointment as Minister of State for International Development. On 28 November 2015, he stood down from his ministerial position due to allegations of bullying within the Conservative Party.

Question: Team2015 is a political campaign set up by what current member of paliament for Welwyn Hatfield in England?
Answer: Grant Shapps
Nintendo Entertainment System
Nintendo also had its sights set on the North American market, entering into negotiations with Atari to release the Famicom under Atari's name as the Nintendo Advanced Video Gaming System. The deal was set to be finalized and signed at the Summer Consumer Electronics Show in June 1983. However, Atari discovered at that show that its competitor Coleco was illegally demonstrating its Coleco Adam computer with Nintendo's "Donkey Kong" game. This violation of Atari's exclusive license with Nintendo to publish the game for its own computer systems delayed the implementation of Nintendo's game console marketing contract with Atari. Atari's CEO Ray Kassar was fired the next month, so the deal went nowhere, and Nintendo decided to market its system on its own.

Question: When was the Summer Consumer Electronics Show held?
Answer: June 1983
White Zombie (band)
White Zombie was an American heavy metal band that formed in 1985. Based in New York City, White Zombie was originally a noise rock band, and was known for its later heavy metal-oriented sound. Their best-known songs include "Thunder Kiss '65", "Black Sunshine" and "More Human than Human". The group officially disbanded in 1998. In 2000, White Zombie was included on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock, ranking at No. 56.
Frightened Rabbit
Frightened Rabbit were a Scottish indie rock band from Selkirk, formed in 2003. Initially a solo project for vocalist and guitarist Scott Hutchison, the final line-up of the band consisted of Hutchison, his brother, Grant Hutchison (drums), Billy Kennedy (guitar, bass), Andy Monaghan (guitar, keyboards) and Simon Liddell (guitar). From 2004 the band were based in Glasgow.

Question: Which band was formed first, White Zombie or Frightened Rabbit?
Answer: White Zombie
Political corruption
There are two methods of corruption of the judiciary: the state (through budget planning and various privileges), and the private. Budget of the judiciary in many transitional and developing countries is almost completely controlled by the executive. The latter undermines the separation of powers, as it creates a critical financial dependence of the judiciary. The proper national wealth distribution including the government spending on the judiciary is subject of the constitutional economics. Judicial corruption can be difficult to completely eradicate, even in developed countries.

Question: What does executive branch control over judiciary money undermine?
Answer: separation of powers
SIG Sauer
SIG Sauer ] is the brand name used by two sister companies involved in the design and manufacture of firearms. The original company, SIG Sauer GmbH, is a German company, formed in 1976 as a partnership between Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (SIG) of Switzerland and J.P. Sauer & Sohn of Germany.
SIG Sauer
SIG (now known as SIG Combibloc Group) no longer has any firearms business. Their firearms subsidiary, SIG Arms AG, was sold to L&O Holding in western Germany and was first renamed SAN Swiss Arms AG—commonly known as Swiss Arms—and in late 2019 was further renamed SIG SAUER AG.
SIG MCX
The SIG MCX is a family of firearms designed and manufactured by SIG Sauer, produced in both selective fire and semi-automatic only models, and features a short-stroke gas piston system, which is inherited from the earlier SIG MPX submachine gun. The MCX is available in rifle, carbine, short-barreled rifle, and pistol (generally considered as a compact carbine without buttstock) configurations.

Question: When was the company that developed the SIG MPX formed?
Answer: 1976
Tuberculosis
A number of medications are being studied as of 2012 for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, including bedaquiline and delamanid. Bedaquiline received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in late 2012. The safety and effectiveness of these new agents are uncertain as of 2012, because they are based on the results of relatively small studies. However, existing data suggest that patients taking bedaquiline in addition to standard TB therapy are five times more likely to die than those without the new drug, which has resulted in medical journal articles raising health policy questions about why the FDA approved the drug and whether financial ties to the company making bedaquiline influenced physicians' support for its use.

Question: Despite FDA approval, how much more likely to die are patients who take bedaquiline in addition to the standard TB regimen?
Answer: five times
Klaus Fuchs
Klaus Emil Julius Fuchs (29 December 1911 – 28 January 1988) was a German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who supplied information from the American, British, and Canadian Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union during and shortly after World War II. While at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Fuchs was responsible for many significant theoretical calculations relating to the first nuclear weapons and, later, early models of the hydrogen bomb. After his conviction in 1950, he served nine years in prison in the United Kingdom and then moved to East Germany where he resumed his career as a physicist and scientific leader.
Jim Skardon
William James Skardon (1904–1987) was a Special Branch officer who became an MI5 interrogator and head of "The Watchers" (physical surveillance teams). He was intimately involved with the investigation of the Cambridge Five and the interrogation of Klaus Fuchs.

Question: Who did Jim Skardon interrogate that was an atomic spy?
Answer: Klaus Fuchs
Beyoncé
Beyoncé participated in George Clooney and Wyclef Jean's telethon and was named the official face of the limited edition CFDA "Fashion For Haiti" T-shirt, made by Theory which raised a total of $1 million. On March 5, 2010, Beyoncé and her mother Tina opened the Beyoncé Cosmetology Center at the Brooklyn Phoenix House, offering a seven-month cosmetology training course for men and women. In April 2011, Beyoncé joined forces with US First Lady Michelle Obama and the National Association of Broadcasters Education Foundation, to help boost the latter's campaign against child obesity by reworking her single "Get Me Bodied". Following the death of Osama bin Laden, Beyoncé released her cover of the Lee Greenwood song "God Bless the USA", as a charity single to help raise funds for the New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund.

Question: What did Beyoncé open at the Brooklyn Phoenix House in 2010?
Answer: Beyoncé Cosmetology Center
South Huntington, New York
South Huntington is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 9,422 at the 2010 census. Residents have a Huntington Station postal address.
Huntington Station, New York
Huntington Station is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 33,029 at the 2010 census.

Question: South Huntington and Huntington Station, New York are located in which county?
Answer: Suffolk County
Frédéric Chopin
From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: "I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much." He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Érard's on 1 March 1843. Late in 1844, Charles Hallé visited Chopin and found him "hardly able to move, bent like a half-opened penknife and evidently in great pain", although his spirits returned when he started to play the piano for his visitor. Chopin's health continued to deteriorate, particularly from this time onwards. Modern research suggests that apart from any other illnesses, he may also have suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy.

Question: To whom did Chopin write a letter on 21 February 1842 about his agonizing pain?
Answer: Grzymała
Mont Blanc massif
The Mont Blanc massif ( ; ) is a mountain range in the Alps, located mostly in France and Italy, but also straddling Switzerland at its northeastern end. It contains eleven major independent summits, each over 4000 m in height. It is named after Mont Blanc (4808 m ), the highest point in western Europe and the European Union. Because of its considerable overall altitude, a large proportion of the massif is covered by glaciers, which include the Mer de Glace and the Miage Glacierthe longest glaciers in France and Italy, respectively.
Refugio Elisabetta
Refugio Elisabetta (or Refugio Elisabetta Soldini Montanaro to give it its full, but less well-used name) is a refuge in the Italian Alps at an altitude of 2,195 m, which provides a convenient overnight stage for walkers undertaking the Tour du Mont Blanc. It is located 3 km north-east of the Col de la Seigne, at the south-west end of the Mont Blanc massif, and provides good views of Mont Blanc and the Aiguille Noire de Peuterey. Because of its popularity, plus the fact that there are no other huts along this part of the Tour du Mont Blanc, walkers are advised to book in advance during the peak periods in July and August.

Question: Rufugio Elisabetta is located 3 km north-east of the Col de la Seigne, at the south-wet end of a mountain range in the Alps, located mostly in France and Italy, but also straddling what country? 
Answer: Switzerland
Richmond, Virginia
Richmond has several historic churches. Because of its early English colonial history from the early 17th century to 1776, Richmond has a number of prominent Anglican/Episcopal churches including Monumental Church, St. Paul's Episcopal Church and St. John's Episcopal Church. Methodists and Baptists made up another section of early churches, and First Baptist Church of Richmond was the first of these, established in 1780. In the Reformed church tradition, the first Presbyterian Church in the City of Richmond was First Presbyterian Church, organized on June 18, 1812. On February 5, 1845, Second Presbyterian Church of Richmond was founded, which was a historic church where Stonewall Jackson attended and was the first Gothic building and the first gas-lit church to be built in Richmond. St. Peter's Church was dedicated and became the first Catholic church in Richmond on May 25, 1834. The city is also home to the historic Cathedral of the Sacred Heart which is the mother church for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Richmond.

Question: On what date did the oldest Catholic church open in Richmond?
Answer: May 25, 1834
Canton of Zürich
The canton of Zürich ( ) is a Swiss canton in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of (as of 31 December 2018 ), it is the most populous canton in the country. Its capital is the city of Zürich. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called "Züritüütsch", is commonly spoken. In English the name of the canton and its capital is often written without an umlaut.
Arulmihu Sivan Temple
The Arulmiku Sivan Temple is a Hindu temple located in the municipality of Glattbrugg in the Canton of Zürich in Switzerland.

Question: What is the offical language of the canton that is home to the Arulmiku Sivan Temple?
Answer: German
Gerry Sikorski
Gerald Edward Sikorski (born April 26, 1948) is an American politician and lawyer from Minnesota. He was the U.S. Representative for Minnesota's 6th congressional district as a DFL member from January 3, 1983, to January 3, 1993, in the 98th, 99th, 100th, 101st, and 102nd Congresses, serving as Whip-at-Large and as a member of the Committees on Energy and Commerce and Post Office and Civil Service. Sikorski was defeated by Rod Grams in 1992 after he was revealed to have had 697 overdrafts on the House Bank, which he attributed to his and his wife's sloppy bookkeeping.
Rod Grams
Rodney Dwight "Rod" Grams (February 4, 1948 – October 8, 2013) was an American politician from Minnesota. He served as a Republican in both the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate.

Question: Which Minnesota Republican politician defeated Gerry Sikorski in 1992?
Answer: Rod Grams
Farzaneh Kaboli
Farzaneh Kaboli ( born in Tehran) is an Iranian dancer, a leader in the Iranian Folkloric and National Dance Art. and a master of choreography in Iranian theaters.
Persian dance
Persian dances or Iranian dances (Persian:رقص ایرانی) are dance styles indigenous to Iran. Genres of dance in Iran vary depending on the area, culture, and language of the local people, and can range from sophisticated reconstructions of refined court dances to energetic folk dances. The population of Iran includes many ethnicities, such as Kurds, Azerbaijanis, Turkmen, Jews, Armenian, Georgian peoples, in addition to numerous Iranian tribal groups which can be found within the borders of modern-day Iran. Each group, region, and historical epoch has specific dance styles associated with it. Raghs (also spelled as Raqs) is the Arabic word for dance, and is almost exclusively the word used for dance in Persian, as the Persian word for dance, paykubi, is no longer in common usage. It is also the word in Azerbaijani for dance ("Reqs"). The Kurdish word for dance is Halperke, and the Lurs from Lorestan use the word Bākhten (or Bāzee) for dance.

Question: Farzaneh Kaboli, is a leader in the Iranian Folkloric and National Dance Art, and a master of choreography in what, which refers to the dance styles indigenous to Iran?
Answer: Persian dance
Muammar Gaddafi
With preceding legal institutions abolished, Gaddafi envisioned the "Jamahiriya" as following the Qur'an for legal guidance, adopting "sharia" law; he proclaimed "man-made" laws unnatural and dictatorial, only permitting Allah's law. Within a year he was backtracking, announcing that "sharia" was inappropriate for the "Jamahiriya" because it guaranteed the protection of private property, contravening "The Green Book"'s socialism. His emphasis on placing his own work on a par with the Qur'an led conservative clerics to accuse him of "shirk", furthering their opposition to his regime. In July 1977, a border war broke out with Egypt, in which the Egyptians defeated Libya despite their technological inferiority. The conflict lasted one week before both sides agreed to sign a peace treaty that was brokered by several Arab states. Both Egypt and Sudan had aligned themselves with the US, and this pushed Libya into a strategic, although not political, alignment with the Soviet Union. In recognition of the growing commercial relationship between Libya and the Soviets, Gaddafi was invited to visit Moscow in December 1976; there, he entered talks with Leonid Brezhnev. In August 1977, he visited Yugoslavia, where he met its leader Josip Broz Tito, with whom he had a much warmer relationship.

Question: What relationship led the Soviets to invite Gaddafi to Moscow?
Answer: commercial
Yorkshire Building Society
The Yorkshire Building Society is the third largest building society in the UK, with its headquarters in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. It is a member of the Building Societies Association.
Egg Banking
Egg was an internet bank headquartered in Derby, that is now a trading name of Yorkshire Building Society. Egg was born out of the banking arm in the United Kingdom of Prudential plc, which was established in 1996, and the Egg brand was launched in October 1998. The first online credit card was launched in September 1999.

Question: Egg Banking is the former bank that now trades as what third-largest building society?
Answer: Yorkshire Building Society
Insect
Having their muscles attached to their exoskeletons is efficient and allows more muscle connections.

Question: Insects muscles are attached to their what?
Answer: exoskeletons
Minneapolis Armory
The Minneapolis Armory is an 8,400-person capacity music and events venue located at 500 South 6th St. Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The Armory was built for the Minnesota National Guard in 1935–36 and also used by the Minneapolis Lakers of the NBA from 1947-1960. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Minneapolis Auditorium
Minneapolis Auditorium was an indoor arena in Minneapolis, Minnesota. It hosted the NBA's Minneapolis Lakers from 1947 until they moved to the Minneapolis Armory in 1959. The arena held 10,000 people and was built in 1927. The building fell into obscurity after the opening of the Met Center in suburban Bloomington. It was demolished in 1989 to make way for the Minneapolis Convention Center.

Question: Minneapolis Auditorium hosted the NBA's Minneapolis Lakers from 1947 until they moved to this place which was listed  on the National Register of Historic Places in what year
Answer: 1985
Age of Enlightenment
The first technical dictionary was drafted by John Harris and entitled "Lexicon Technicum: Or, An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences". Harris' book avoided theological and biographical entries and instead it concentrated on science and technology. Published in 1704, the "Lexicon technicum" was the first book to be written in English that took a methodical approach to describing mathematics and commercial arithmetic along with the physical sciences and navigation. Other technical dictionaries followed Harris' model, including Ephraim Chambers' "Cyclopaedia" (1728), which included five editions and was a substantially larger work than Harris'. The folio edition of the work even included foldout engravings. The "Cyclopaedia" emphasized Newtonian theories, Lockean philosophy and contained thorough examinations of technologies, such as engraving, brewing and dyeing. In Germany, practical reference works intended for the uneducated majority became popular in the 18th century. The "Marperger Curieuses Natur-, Kunst-, Berg-, Gewerkund Handlungs-Lexicon" (1712) explained terms that usefully described the trades and scientific and commercial education. "Jablonksi Allgemeines Lexicon" (1721) was better known than the "Handlungs-Lexicon" and underscored technical subjects rather than scientific theory. For example, over five columns of text were dedicated to wine while geometry and logic were allocated only twenty-two and seventeen lines, respectively. The first edition of the "Encyclopædia Britannica" (1771) was modelled along the same lines as the German lexicons.

Question: Was the Jablonski Allgemeines Lexicon (1721) more dedicated to technical subjects or scientific theory?
Answer: technical subjects
2015 Commonwealth Youth Games
The 2015 Commonwealth Youth Games was the fifth Commonwealth Youth Games which started in 2000. They were held in Apia, the capital of Samoa. Samoa were the only bidders for the Games.
Grace Robinson
Grace Robinson (born 31 December 1998) is an Australian track and field athlete competing in the disciplines of discus, javelin throw, and shot put. She represented Australia in women's shot put at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics and 2015 Commonwealth Youth Games, winning gold in the latter.

Question: Grace Robinson, is an Australian track and field athlete competing in the disciplines of discus, javelin throw, and shot put, she represented Australia in women's shot put at the 2015 Commonwealth Youth Games was the fifth Commonwealth Youth Games, which started in what year?
Answer: 2000
Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Treaty Organization (WTO), officially the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, commonly known as the Warsaw Pact (WP), was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics of Central and Eastern Europe in May 1955, during the Cold War. The Warsaw Pact was the military complement to the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CoMEcon), the regional economic organization for the socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe. The Warsaw Pact was created in reaction to the integration of West Germany into NATO in 1955 per the London and Paris Conferences of 1954, but it is also considered to have been motivated by Soviet desires to maintain control over military forces in Central and Eastern Europe.

Question: The acceptance of which country into NATO prompted the formation of the Warsaw Pact?
Answer: West Germany
Wood
Abnormal discoloration of wood often denotes a diseased condition, indicating unsoundness. The black check in western hemlock is the result of insect attacks. The reddish-brown streaks so common in hickory and certain other woods are mostly the result of injury by birds. The discoloration is merely an indication of an injury, and in all probability does not of itself affect the properties of the wood. Certain rot-producing fungi impart to wood characteristic colors which thus become symptomatic of weakness; however an attractive effect known as spalting produced by this process is often considered a desirable characteristic. Ordinary sap-staining is due to fungal growth, but does not necessarily produce a weakening effect.

Question: What animals cause the reddish-brown streaks of color in hickory wood?
Answer: birds
Asthma
Spirometry is recommended to aid in diagnosis and management. It is the single best test for asthma. If the FEV1 measured by this technique improves more than 12% and increases by at least 200 milliliters following administration of a bronchodilator such as salbutamol, this is supportive of the diagnosis. It however may be normal in those with a history of mild asthma, not currently acting up. As caffeine is a bronchodilator in people with asthma, the use of caffeine before a lung function test may interfere with the results. Single-breath diffusing capacity can help differentiate asthma from COPD. It is reasonable to perform spirometry every one or two years to follow how well a person's asthma is controlled.

Question: Why is spirometry so commonly used to diagnose asthma?
Answer: It is the single best test for asthma
Emotion
Walter Bradford Cannon agreed that physiological responses played a crucial role in emotions, but did not believe that physiological responses alone could explain subjective emotional experiences. He argued that physiological responses were too slow and often imperceptible and this could not account for the relatively rapid and intense subjective awareness of emotion. He also believed that the richness, variety, and temporal course of emotional experiences could not stem from physiological reactions, that reflected fairly undifferentiated fight or flight responses. An example of this theory in action is as follows: An emotion-evoking event (snake) triggers simultaneously both a physiological response and a conscious experience of an emotion.

Question: Along with the physiological response, what did Cannon believe was triggered by an emotional event?
Answer: a conscious experience of an emotion
Lupin Mine
Lupin Mine was a gold mine in Nunavut Territory, Canada. It opened in 1982 and was originally owned and operated by Echo Bay Mines Limited, who in 2003 became a fully owned subsidiary of Kinross Gold Corporation. 
Burwash Mine
The Burwash Mine was a small gold property discovered in the fall of 1934 by Johnny Baker and Hugh Muir at Yellowknife Bay, Northwest Territories. The town of Yellowknife did not exist yet at that point, but the discovery of gold at Burwash was the catalyst that brought more gold prospectors into the region in 1935 and 1936. A short shaft was sunk in 1935–1936 at Burwash, and in the summer of 1935 a 16-ton bulk sample of ore was shipped to Trail, British Columbia for processing, yielding 200 troy ounces (6 kg) of gold. The mine did not become a substantial producer and it is believed the gold vein was mined out.

Question: Which mine was discovered first, Burwash Mine or Lupin Mine?
Answer: Burwash Mine
Lenape
The Lenape ( or ), also called the Leni Lenape, Lenni Lenape and Delaware people, are an indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands, who live in the United States and Canada. Their historical territory included present-day New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania along the Delaware River watershed, New York City, western Long Island, and the Lower Hudson Valley. Today, Lenape people belong to the Delaware Nation and Delaware Tribe of Indians in Oklahoma; the Stockbridge-Munsee Community in Wisconsin; and the Munsee-Delaware Nation, Moravian of the Thames First Nation, and Delaware of Six Nations in Ontario.
New Creek (Staten Island)
The New Creek is an urban stream on the East Shore of Staten Island, New York City. The creek is fed by many natural springs in the area, which were used by the Lenape Indians before the arrival of European colonists in the 17th century. Many of the springs have been channeled underground by urban development as the population expanded throughout New York City and Staten Island.
New Creek (Staten Island)
The New Creek watershed encompasses 2220 acre and consists of marshland which supports a variety of flora and fauna. Spartina grass flourished in a tidal wetland before the restoration of the shore and beach area and the development of a shoreline urban park by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation in the 1960s, blocking tidal flow to the area.

Question: The New Creek, encompasses 2220 acres on the East Shore of Staten Island, New York, and is fed by natural spirngs that were once used by which indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands?
Answer: Lenape
Canadarm
Canadarm or Canadarm1 (officially Shuttle Remote Manipulator System or SRMS) is a series of robotic arms that were used on the Space Shuttle orbiters to deploy, maneuvre, and capture payloads. After the Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster, the Canadarm was always paired with the Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS), which was used to inspect the exterior of the Shuttle for damage to the thermal protection system.
Space Shuttle Columbia disaster
The Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster was a fatal incident in the United States space program that occurred on February 1, 2003, when the "Columbia" (OV-102) disintegrated as it reentered the atmosphere, killing all seven crew members. The disaster was the second fatal accident in the Space Shuttle program, after the 1986 breakup of "Challenger" soon after liftoff.

Question: After what year did the Canadarm become paired with the Orbiter Boom Sensor System?
Answer: February 1, 2003
Supreme court
In most nations with constitutions modelled after the Soviet Union, the legislature was given the power of being the "court of last resort". In the People's Republic of China, the final power to interpret the law is vested in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC). This power includes the power to interpret the basic laws of Hong Kong and Macau, the constitutional documents of the two special administrative regions which are common law and Portuguese-based legal system jurisdictions respectively. This power is a legislative power and not a judicial one in that an interpretation by the NPCSC does not affect cases which have already been decided.

Question: Macau's legal system comes from what tradition?
Answer: Portuguese-based legal system
J. K. Rowling
Joanne Rowling {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 31 July 1965), better known by her pen name J. K. Rowling, is a British author, screenwriter, producer, and philanthropist. She is best known for writing the "Harry Potter" fantasy series, which has won multiple awards and sold more than 500 million copies, becoming the best-selling book series in history. The books are the basis of a popular film series, over which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts and was a producer on the final films. She also writes crime fiction under the pen name Robert Galbraith.
J. K. Rowling
Born in Yate, Gloucestershire, Rowling was working as a researcher and bilingual secretary for Amnesty International when she conceived the idea for the "Harry Potter" series while on a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990. The seven-year period that followed saw the death of her mother, birth of her first child, divorce from her first husband, and relative poverty until the first novel in the series, "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", was published in 1997. There were six sequels, of which the last, "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", was released in 2007. Since then, Rowling has written five books for adult readers: "The Casual Vacancy" (2012) and—under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith—the crime fiction "Cormoran Strike" series, which consists of "The Cuckoo's Calling" (2013), "The Silkworm" (2014), "Career of Evil" (2015), and "Lethal White" (2018). Between 26 May and 10 July 2020, her "political fairytale" for children, "The Ickabog", was released in instalments in an online version.
Mary Gordon (writer)
Mary Catherine Gordon (born December 8, 1949) is an American writer from Queens and Valley Stream, New York. She is the McIntosh Professor of English at Barnard College. She is best known for her novels, memoirs and literary criticism. In 2008 she was named Official State Author of New York.

Question: Which writter is known to have wrote Harry Potter, Mary Gordon or J. K. Rowling?
Answer: J. K. Rowling