qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
BeiDou
In 2015, the system began its transition towards global coverage with the first launch of a new-generation of satellites, and the 17th one within the new system. On 25 July 2015, the 18th and 19th satellites were successfully launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, marking the first time for China to launch two satellites at once on top of a Long March 3B /Expedition-1 carrier rocket. The Expedition-1 is an independent upper stage capable of delivering one or more spacecraft into different orbits. On 29 September 2015, the 20th satellite was launched, carrying a hydrogen maser for the first time within the system.

Question: Where were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched from?
Answer: the Xichang Satellite Launch Center
Nagasaki (Schnittke)
Nagasaki is an oratorio composed by Soviet composer Alfred Schnittke in 1958, at the age of 25. It was Schnittke's graduation composition in the Moscow Conservatory, and the topic was suggested by his teacher Evgeny Golubev. The work was considered formalistic, and Schnittke was accused of "forgetting the principles of Realism in music". Thus, he suppressed the expressionistic central movement depicting the nuclear explosion and modified the finale. It was recorded by the Moscow Radio Symphony in 1959 and broadcast to Japan through Voice of Russia, but it wasn't printed and it didn't receive any subsequent performances. Nagasaki was finally given its public premiere in its original form in Cape Town on 23 November 2006, eight years after Schnittke's death, by Hanneli Rupert and the Cape Philharmonic conducted by Owain Arwel Hughes.
Cape Town
Cape Town (Afrikaans: Kaapstad ] ; Xhosa: "iKapa;") is the second most populous city in South Africa after Johannesburg and also the legislative capital of South Africa. Colloquially named the Mother City, it is the largest city of the Western Cape province and forms part of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality. The Parliament of South Africa sits in Cape Town. The other two capitals are located in Pretoria (the executive capital where the Presidency is based) and Bloemfontein (the judicial capital where the Supreme Court of Appeal is located). The city is known for its harbour, for its natural setting in the Cape Floristic Region, and for landmarks such as Table Mountain and Cape Point. Cape Town is home to 64% of the Western Cape's population. The city was named the World Design Capital for 2014 by the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design.

Question: In what country was Alfred Schnittke's Nagasaki given its public premiere?
Answer: South Africa
Age of Enlightenment
One of the primary elements of the culture of the Enlightenment was the rise of the public sphere, a "realm of communication marked by new arenas of debate, more open and accessible forms of urban public space and sociability, and an explosion of print culture", in the late 17th century and 18th century. Elements of the public sphere included that it was egalitarian, that it discussed the domain of "common concern," and that argument was founded on reason. Habermas uses the term "common concern" to describe those areas of political/social knowledge and discussion that were previously the exclusive territory of the state and religious authorities, now open to critical examination by the public sphere. The values of this bourgeois public sphere included holding reason to be supreme, considering everything to be open to criticism (the public sphere is critical), and the opposition of secrecy of all sorts.

Question: The values of the bourgeois public sphere included holding reason to the supreme, considering everything open to criticism, and the opposition of what?
Answer: secrecy of all sorts
National Archives and Records Administration
In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification.

Question: What Executive order created the National Declassification Center?
Answer: Executive Order 13526
Chicago Cubs
The Cubs' current spring training facility is located in Sloan Park in Mesa, Arizona, where they play in the Cactus League. The park seats 15,000, making it Major League baseball's largest spring training facility by capacity. The Cubs annually sell out most of their games both at home and on the road. Before Sloan Park opened in 2014, the team played games at HoHoKam Park – Dwight Patterson Field from 1979. "HoHoKam" is literally translated from Native American as "those who vanished." The North Siders have called Mesa their spring home for most seasons since 1952.

Question: How many seats are in the Cubs' Sloan Park training facility?
Answer: 15,000
Harry Caray
Harry Caray (born Harry Christopher Carabina; March 1, 1914 – February 18, 1998) was an American sportscaster on radio and television. He covered five Major League Baseball teams, beginning with 25 years of calling the games of the St. Louis Cardinals with two of these years also spent calling games for the St. Louis Browns. After a year working for the Oakland Athletics and eleven years with the Chicago White Sox, Caray spent the last sixteen years of his career as the announcer for the Chicago Cubs.
Wild About Harry (album)
Wild About Harry is a comedy album by "The Bob & Tom Show", which was first released in November 2003. It is a two-disc set which represents original material recorded during their syndicated, daily radio show and other studio numbers which had not been previously presented on air. This CD's theme is honoring the many people who do impersonations of late sportscaster Harry Caray.

Question: Wild About Harry is a comedy album by "The Bob & Tom Show", which was first released in November 2003, this CD's theme is honoring the many people who do impersonations of late sportscaster Harry Caray, was an American sportscaster on radio and television, and died in which year?
Answer: 1998
Frédéric Chopin
In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and numerous receptions in great houses. This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister. Stirling also made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the necessary funding.

Question: Where did Chopin head to during the Revolution of 1848?
Answer: London
Parícutin
Parícutin (or Volcán de Parícutin, also accented Paricutín) is a cinder cone volcano located in the Mexican state of Michoacán, near the city of Uruapan and about 322 km west of Mexico City. The volcano surged suddenly from the cornfield of local farmer Dionisio Pulido in 1943, attracting both popular and scientific attention.
Captain from Castile
Captain from Castile is a historical adventure film released by 20th Century Fox in 1947. Directed by Henry King, the Technicolor film stars Tyrone Power, Jean Peters, and Cesar Romero. Shot on location in Michoacán, Mexico, the film includes scenes of the Parícutin volcano, which was then erupting. "Captain from Castile" was the feature film debut of Jean Peters, who later married industrialist Howard Hughes, and of Mohawk actor Jay Silverheels, who later portrayed Tonto on the television series "The Lone Ranger".

Question: What volcano surged suddenly from a cornfield and was filmed erupting during the filming of scenes in the movie Captain from Castile?
Answer: Parícutin
Thomas Wolfe
Thomas Clayton Wolfe (October 3, 1900–September 15, 1938) was an American novelist of the early 20th century.
Jeffrey Archer
Jeffrey Howard Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-Super-Mare (born 15 April 1940) is an English novelist, former politician, convicted perjurer, and peer of the realm. Before becoming an author, Archer was a Member of Parliament (1969–1974), but did not seek re-election after a financial scandal that left him almost bankrupt. He revived his fortunes as a best-selling novelist; his books have sold between 250 and 330 million copies worldwide.

Question: Are Jeffrey Archer and Thomas Wolfe both novelists?
Answer: yes
List of numbered streets in Manhattan
10th Street ( ) begins at the FDR Drive and Avenue C. West of Sixth Avenue, it turns southward about 40 degrees to join the Greenwich Village street grid and continue to West Street on the Hudson River. Because West 4th Street turns northward at Sixth Avenue, it intersects 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th Streets in the West Village. The M8 bus operates on 10th Street in both directions between Avenue D and Avenue A, and eastbound between West Street and Sixth Avenue. 10th Street has an eastbound bike lane from West Street to the East River. In 2009, the two-way section of 10th Street between Avenue A and the East River had bicycle markings and sharrows installed, but it still has no dedicated bike lane. West 10th Street was previously named Amos Street for Charles Chistopher Amos, who is also the namesake of Charles Street and Christopher Street. The end of West 10th Street toward the Hudson River was once the home of Newgate Prison, New York City's first prison and the United States' second.

Question: The end of what road was once home to Newgate Prison?
Answer: West 10th Street
Rule of law
Most legal theorists believe that the rule of law has purely formal characteristics. For instance, such theorists claim that law requires generality (general rules that apply to classes of persons and behaviors as opposed to individuals), publicity (no secret laws), prospective application (little or no retroactive laws), consistency (no contradictory laws), equality (applied equally throughout all society), and certainty (certainty of application for a given situation), but formalists contend that there are no requirements with regard to the content of the law. Others, including a few legal theorists, believe that the rule of law necessarily entails protection of individual rights. Within legal theory, these two approaches to the rule of law are seen as the two basic alternatives, respectively labelled the formal and substantive approaches. Still, there are other views as well. Some believe that democracy is part of the rule of law.

Question: What system of government is considered as a component of the rule of law?
Answer: democracy
Sam Bird
Sam Jamie Bird (born 9 January 1987) is a British professional racing driver who currently drives for Envision Virgin Racing in Formula E. For the 2020-21 Formula E season he will be driving for the Panasonic Jaguar Racing team. 
Sam Bird
Bird made his name in single seater racing in the Formula BMW category, coming fourteenth overall in his debut season and second in the rookie cup. He came runner up in 2005, which was only his second season in the category and also came fourth in the Formula BMW world final, the race itself was won by German Marco Holzer.
2013 Monaco GP2 Series round
The 2013 Monaco GP2 Series round was a pair of motor races held on 24 and 25 May 2013, at the Circuit de Monaco, Monte Carlo, Monaco as part of the GP2 Series. It was the fourth round of the 2013 GP2 Series and was run in support of the 2013 Monaco Grand Prix. The first race, a 42-lap feature event, was won by Russian Time driver Sam Bird who started from third position. Kevin Ceccon finished second for the Trident Racing team and Arden International driver Mitch Evans took third. Stefano Coletti of the Rapax team won the second event, a 30-lap sprint race, ahead of MP Motorsport's Adrian Quaife-Hobbs in second and Evans third.

Question: What is the name of the professional racing driver forn in January 1987, who won the 2013 Monaco GP2 Series Round?
Answer: Sam Bird
Zaoyang
Zaoyang () is a city in the north of Hubei province, People's Republic of China, bordering Henan province to the north. Administratively, it is a county-level city under the administration of Xiangyang.
Kuytun
Kuytun or Kuitun () is a county-level city with about 285,000 residents (2000 census) in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. Kuitun is located between Wusu and Shihezi on the railway from Ürümqi to Kazakhstan, close to a desert.

Question: Zaoyang and Kuytun, are in which country?
Answer: People's Republic of China
God
Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow state in their book, "The Grand Design", that it is reasonable to ask who or what created the universe, but if the answer is God, then the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God. Both authors claim however, that it is possible to answer these questions purely within the realm of science, and without invoking any divine beings.

Question: What is the name of Stephen Hawking's book?
Answer: The Grand Design
South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from Shoalhaven district in the north to the border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Ben Boyd National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.
Morton National Park
The Morton National Park is a 199745 ha national park located in the Southern Highlands, South Coast and Illawarra regions of New South Wales, Australia, situated approximately 170 km south southwest of Sydney.

Question: The Morton National Park is a 199745 ha national park located in the Southern Highlands, in the South Coast, which refers to the narrow coastal belt from Sydney in the north to the border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, in which country?
Answer: Australia
Ingenious (board game)
Ingenious is the English name for Einfach Genial (Simply Ingenious), a German abstract strategy board game designed by Reiner Knizia under commission from Sophisticated Games and published in 2004 by Kosmos. Across most of Europe it is titled as the local translation of Ingenious or Simply Ingenious, the notable exception being Mensa Connections in the UK.
Splendor (game)
Splendor is a multiplayer card-based board game, designed by Marc André and illustrated by Pascal Quidault, first published in 2014 by Space Cowboys, Asmodee. The board consists of cards laid out in a grid. Players are gem merchants of the Renaissance buying gem mines, transportation, and shops. The game was nominated for the 2014 Spiel des Jahres (Game of the Year).

Question: What do Splendor and Ingenious have in common?
Answer: board game
Chicago Fire (season 1)
The first season of "Chicago Fire", an American drama television series with executive producer Dick Wolf, and producers Derek Haas, Michael Brandt, and Matt Olmstead premiered on October 10, 2012, at Wednesday 10:00 p.m. EST, on NBC television network. The season concluded after 24 episodes on May 22, 2013.
Chicago Fire (TV series)
Chicago Fire is an American action-drama television series created by Michael Brandt and Derek Haas with Dick Wolf as an executive producer. It is the first installment of Dick Wolf's "Chicago" franchise. The series premiered on NBC on October 10, 2012. The show follows the firefighters and paramedics working at Firehouse 51 of the Chicago Fire Department, home of Truck Company 81, Engine Company 51, Squad Company 3, Ambulance 61, and Battalion 25 as they risk their lives to save and protect the civilians of Chicago.

Question: The first season of "Chicago Fire" followed the paramedics working at which station of the Chicago Fire Department?
Answer: Firehouse 51
Pub
A "beer engine" is a device for pumping beer, originally manually operated and typically used to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar.

Question: What is a "beer engine"?
Answer: a device for pumping beer
ILoveMakonnen
Makonnen Kamali Sheran (born April 12, 1989), better known by his stage name iLoveMakonnen (often stylized as ILOVEMAKONNEN), is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. His rise to fame began in 2014, after Canadian rapper Drake released a remix to his song "Tuesday".
Papi Gordo
Papi Gordo is the debut studio album by Guatemalan-American DJ and record producer Carnage, released on 30 November 2015. The album features three singles - "Bricks" featuring Migos, "WDYW" featuring Lil Uzi Vert, A$AP Ferg & Rich The Kid and "I Like Tuh" featuring ILOVEMAKONNEN.

Question: What song features rapper Makonnen Sheran on Carnage's debut album?
Answer: I Like Tuh
The Miniaturist
The Miniaturist is the 2014 debut novel of English actress and author Jessie Burton. An international bestseller, it was the focus of a publishers' bidding war at the 2013 London Book Fair. Set in Amsterdam in 1686–87, the novel was inspired by Petronella Oortman's doll's house on display at the Rijksmuseum. It does not otherwise attempt to be a biographical novel.
Jessie Burton
Jessica Kathryn Burton (born 17 August 1982) is an English author and actress. s of 2019 , she has published four novels, "The Miniaturist", "The Muse", "The Restless Girls", and "The Confession". "The Muse" has been published in 38 languages. The first two were "Sunday Times" no.1 best-sellers, "New York Times" best-sellers, and Radio 4's "Books at Bedtime." Her short stories have been published in "Harpers Bazaar US" and "Stylist."

Question: When was the author of "The Miniaturist" born? 
Answer: 1982
Michael Strahan
Michael Anthony Strahan ( ; born November 21, 1971) is an American television host and former professional football player who was a defensive end and spent his entire 15-year career with the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). Strahan set a record for the most sacks in a season in 2001, and helped the Giants win Super Bowl XLII over the New England Patriots in his final season in 2007. After retiring from the NFL, he became a media personality. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2014.
Michael Strahan
Strahan is a football analyst on "Fox NFL Sunday", and co-host of ABC's "Good Morning America" and its spinoff "Strahan, Sara and Keke". He co-hosted the syndicated daytime talk show "Live! with Kelly and Michael" with Kelly Ripa from 2012 to 2016, for which he won two Daytime Emmy Awards. In 2014, he became a regular contributor on "Good Morning America", and in 2016 the network announced that Strahan would be leaving "Live!" to join "GMA" full-time.
2014 Kids' Choice Sports
The 1st Annual Kids' Choice Sports was held on July 17, 2014, at the Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California. Hall of Fame Athlete/Talk Show host Michael Strahan hosted the ceremony to celebrate kids’ favorites in the sports world. The show aired on Nickelodeon from 8 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. ET/PT, tape delayed for West Coast in the United States and Canada. When this award show aired, Nickelodeon took their other channels (with the exception of Nick Jr.) off the air with a message telling people to go watch the awards show on the main channel.

Question: Who did the host of Nickelodeon's 1st Annual Kids' Choice Sports Awards play in the NFL for?
Answer: the New York Giants
Tucson, Arizona
At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, city planners and the business community worked at redeveloping the downtown. The primary project was Rio Nuevo, a large retail and community center that had been stalled in planning for more than ten years. Downtown is generally regarded as the area bordered by 17th Street to the south, I-10 to the west, and 6th Street to the north, and Toole Avenue and the Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific) railroad tracks, site of the historic train depot on the east side. Downtown is divided into the Presidio District, the Barrio Viejo, and the Congress Street Arts and Entertainment District. Some authorities include the 4th Avenue shopping district, northeast of the rest of downtown and connected by an underpass beneath the UPRR tracks.

Question: When did a revitalization of downtown Tucson begin?
Answer: At the end of the first decade of the 21st century
Charles Vidor
Charles Vidor (July 27, 1900June 4, 1959) was a Hungarian film director. Among his film successes are "The Bridge" (1929), "Cover Girl" (1944), "A Song to Remember" (1945), "Gilda" (1946), "The Loves of Carmen" (1948), "Love Me or Leave Me" (1955), "The Swan" (1956), "The Joker Is Wild" (1957), and "A Farewell to Arms" (1957).
Sidney J. Furie
Sidney Joseph Furie (born February 28, 1933) is a Canadian film director, screenwriter, and producer best known for his extensive work in both British and American cinema between the 1960s and early 1980s. Like his contemporaries Norman Jewison and Ted Kotcheff, he was one of earliest Canadian directors to achieve mainstream critical and financial success outside their native country at a time when its film industry was virtually nonexistent. He won a BAFTA Film Award and was nominated for a Palme d'Or for his work on the acclaimed spy thriller "The Ipcress File" starring Michael Caine.

Question: What occupation do Sidney J. Furie and Charles Vidor have in common?
Answer: film director
Cardinal (Catholic Church)
The term "cardinal" at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin "cardo" (hinge), meaning "pivotal" as in "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the 9th century to the priests of the "tituli" (parishes) of the diocese of Rome.
Cardinal (Catholic Church)
There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but the consensus that ""cardinalis"" from the word "cardo" (meaning "pivot" or "hinge") was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be called cardinals were the deacons of the seven regions of the city at the beginning of the 6th century, when the word began to mean "principal", "eminent", or "superior". The name was also given to the senior priest in each of the "title" churches (the parish churches) of Rome and to the bishops of the seven sees surrounding the city. By the 8th century the Roman cardinals constituted a privileged class among the Roman clergy. They took part in the administration of the church of Rome and in the papal liturgy. By decree of a synod of 769, only a cardinal was eligible to become Bishop of Rome, this was the earliest known mention of the word Cardinal. Cardinals were granted the privilege of wearing the red hat by Pope Innocent IV in 1244.

Question: What Latin word does "cardinal" come from?
Answer: cardo
Paul Haynes (American football)
Paul Jeffrey Haynes III (born July 11, 1969) is an American college football coach and former player. He is the current cornerbacks coach for the Minnesota Golden Gophers and the former head football coach at Kent State University, a position he held for five seasons. Haynes previously served as an assistant coach at the high school, collegiate and professional levels for 20 years, including stints as defensive coordinator at Ohio State University and the University of Arkansas. Prior to his coaching career, he was a four-year letterman as a defensive back at Kent State between 1987 and 1991.
Kent State Golden Flashes football
The Kent State Golden Flashes football team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Kent State University in Kent, Ohio. The team is a member of the Mid-American Conference East division, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A). The Golden Flashes played their first game in 1920 and since 1969 have played their home games at Dix Stadium.
Kent State Golden Flashes football
The first attempt to establish a football team was in 1914, one year after the first classes were held on campus and four years after the school was founded in 1910. The team played two practice games against local high schools, but was discontinued by the athletic board and faculty to focus on basketball season. While there was hope the team would return for the 1915 season, no team was established until 1920. The team played their first game October 30, 1920, against Ashland College, a 6–0 loss under coach Paul Chandler. The first Kent State home football game was held November 6, a 7–0 loss to sister school Bowling Green. The final game of the season was a home game scheduled against St. Ignatius College of Cleveland, but the game was not played and counted as a forfeit win for Kent. The team would not record their first true victory until November 14, 1925, a 7–6 win over West Liberty State College. Outside the forfeited win in 1920, Kent State would fail to score in their first 14 games, posting a record of 0–13–1 before finally putting points on the board in a 7–6 win against West Liberty in 1923. During that streak, Kent State would suffer the worst loss in school history, a 118–0 loss to Baldwin–Wallace College, also in 1923. Following the 7–6 loss to West Liberty, a new shutout streak began which lasted 8 games, in which the Flashes, then known as the "Silver Foxes" went 0–6–2. The streak began with the second most lopsided loss in school history, an 82–0 loss to Slippery Rock. The streak finally ended with a 6–6 tie with the Indiana (PA) Normal School in 1925, the game which preceded Kent State's first true victory. Kent State posted their first winning season in 1928, going 4–2–2.

Question: At which University will you find a varsity intercollegiate athletic team known as the Flashes who played their first game in 1920 and whose head coach Paul Haynes since December 2012 has been assistant coach and a former player with stints as defensive coordinator at the University of Arkansas? 
Answer: Kent State University
Coddled egg
In cooking, coddled eggs are eggs that are gently or lightly cooked in water just below boiling temperature in or out of the shell or other container. They can be partially cooked, mostly cooked, or hardly cooked at all (as in the eggs used to make caesar salad dressing, which are only slightly poached for a thicker end-product). Poached eggs are a type of coddled egg cooked in water.
Coddled egg
There are two methods of coddling eggs. The first is to cook the egg in its shell, by immersing it in near-boiling water. This can be done either in a pan where the water is kept below boiling point, or by pouring boiling water over the egg and letting it stand for 2 to 5 minutes, based on starting temperature of the eggs, number of eggs cooked at once and amount of boiling water used.
Caesar salad
A Caesar salad (also spelled Cesar and Cesare) is a green salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with lemon juice (or lime juice), olive oil, egg, Worcestershire sauce, anchovies, garlic, Dijon mustard, Parmesan cheese, and black pepper.
Caesar salad
In its original form, this salad was prepared and served tableside.

Question: In cooking, coddled eggs are gently or lightly cooked eggs, they can be partially cooked, mostly cooked, or hardly cooked at all, as in the eggs used to make which salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with parmesan cheese, lemon juice, olive oil, egg, Worcestershire sauce, garlic, and black pepper?
Answer: Caesar salad
The Police
The Police were an English rock band formed in London in 1977. For most of their history the line-up consisted of primary songwriter Sting (lead vocals, bass guitar), Andy Summers (guitar), and Stewart Copeland (drums, percussion). The Police became globally popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Emerging in the British new wave scene, they played a style of rock influenced by punk, reggae, and jazz. 
The Police
Their 1978 debut album, "Outlandos d'Amour", reached No. 6 in the UK Albums Chart. Their second album "Reggatta de Blanc" (1979), became the first of four consecutive No. 1 studio albums in the UK and Australia with its lead single, "Message in a Bottle", their first UK number one. Their next two albums, "Zenyatta Mondatta" (1980) and "Ghost in the Machine" (1981), featuring "Don't Stand So Close to Me" and "Every Little Thing She Does Is Magic", both UK number one singles, saw further critical and commercial success. 
Driven to Tears
"Driven to Tears" is a song written by Sting and first released by The Police on their 1980 album "Zenyatta Mondatta". Although not released as a single, the song reached #35 on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. The political overtones of the song represent the beginning of the political activism that would recur throughout much of Sting's and the Police's subsequent music.

Question: Driven to Tears is a song written by Sting and first released by an English band that formed in what year?
Answer: 1977
University of Hertfordshire
The University of Hertfordshire (UOH) is a public university in Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. The university is based largely in Hatfield, Hertfordshire. Its antecedent institution, Hatfield Technical College, was founded in 1948 and was identified as one of 25 Colleges of Technology in the United Kingdom in 1959. In 1992, Hatfield Polytechnic was granted university status by the British government and subsequently renamed University of Hertfordshire. It is one of the post-1992 universities.
Doctor of Fine Arts
Doctor of Fine Arts (D.F.A.) is doctoral degree in fine arts, may be given as an honorary degree (a degree "honoris causa") or an earned professional degree (in the UK).
Doctor of Fine Arts
Doctoral programmes leading to DFAs are of equivalent level to a PhD, with the same requirement to demonstrate new knowledge, but typically contain a practical component and a more structured programme of learning than a PhD. DFA programmes are offered by universities including University of Hertfordshire and University of East London.

Question: Doctor of Fine Arts (D.F.A.) is doctoral degree in fine arts, may be given as an honorary degree, or an earned professional degree, in the UK, which university in Hertfordshire, offer this programme ?
Answer: University of Hertfordshire
Hypertext
Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access. Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse click, keypress set or by touching the screen. Apart from text, the term "hypertext" is also sometimes used to describe tables, images, and other presentational content formats with integrated hyperlinks. Hypertext is one of the key underlying concepts of the World Wide Web, where Web pages are often written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). As implemented on the Web, hypertext enables the easy-to-use publication of information over the Internet."(...)'Hypertext' is a recent coinage. 'Hyper-' is used in the mathematical sense of extension and generality (as in 'hyperspace,' 'hypercube') rather than the medical sense of 'excessive' ('hyperactivity'). There is no implication about size— a hypertext could contain only 500 words or so. 'Hyper-' refers to structure and not size."
A. R. D. Prasad
Dr A.R.D. Prasad is an Indian Library and Information Science Academic, Information professional and Information scientist. Dr Prasad teaches at Documentation Research and Training Centre (DRTC), Bangalore as Professor of Library and Information Science and at present he is the Head of DRTC, which is India's only proper ischool with a very strong research program. His areas of specialisation include Artificial intelligence-Applications in LIS, Natural language processing, Digital Libraries, Hypertext and Multimedia applications, Institutional repository, Open-source software used in Libraries, Open Access to Information, Semantic Web Technology, Free and open source software etc. His other area of interests are Mythology, Buddhism, Philosophy and Indian History. He is pioneer in the promotion and development of Open-source software used in Libraries and Information Centres in India, Open access (publishing) and Open Access movement. He is visiting Faculty of University of Trento, Italy.

Question: A. R. D. Prasad is a specialist in what type of text displayed on a screen with references that are easily accessible?
Answer: Hypertext
Somethin' Stupid
"Somethin' Stupid", also "Something Stupid", is a song written by C. Carson Parks. It was originally recorded in 1966 by Parks and his wife Gaile Foote, as Carson and Gaile. The song is best known in the 1967 version by Frank Sinatra and his daughter Nancy Sinatra, which reached number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. In 2001, a cover version by British vocalist Robbie Williams and Australian actress Nicole Kidman reached number one in the UK Singles Chart.
How Wonderful You Are
How Wonderful You Are is a 2001 song by Gordon Haskell. It was released as a single in the Christmas period of 2001 after mass promotion by BBC Radio 2 where it became a favorite of listeners after being featured by the drive time presenter Johnnie Walker. It was the UK Christmas number-two in 2001 behind Robbie Williams and Nicole Kidman's cover of "Somethin' Stupid". The song is the most requested song of all time at Radio 2.

Question: How Wonderful You Are is a 2001 song by Gordon Haskell, it was the Christmas number-two in 2001, behind Robbie Williams and Nicole Kidman's, that is which song written by C. Carson Parks
Answer: Somethin' Stupid
Queen Victoria
Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children—Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)—by her first marriage to the Prince of Leiningen. Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London.

Question: Who did Prince Edward marry in 1818 in the hopes of producing a child?
Answer: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius ( ; Marcus Aurelius Antoninus; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was a Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher. He was the last of the rulers known as the Five Good Emperors (a term coined some 13 centuries later by Niccolò Machiavelli), and the last emperor of the Pax Romana, an age of relative peace and stability for the Roman Empire. He served as Roman consul in 140, 145, and 161.
Arethas of Caesarea
Arethas of Caesarea ( ; born c. 860 AD) was Archbishop of Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia (modern Kayseri, Turkey) early in the 10th century, and is considered one of the most scholarly theologians of the Greek Orthodox Church. The codices produced by him, containing his commentaries are credited with preserving many ancient texts, including those of Plato and Marcus Aurelius' "Meditations".

Question: Arethas of Caesarea, was Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia (modern Kayseri, Turkey) early in the 10th century, the codices produced by him, containing his commentaries are credited with preserving many ancient texts, including those of which Marcus Aurelius texts?
Answer: Meditations
Len Wiseman
Len Ryan Wiseman (born March 4, 1973) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for his work on the "Underworld" series, "Live Free or Die Hard", and the 2012 film "Total Recall".
Ken Kwapis
Kenneth William Kwapis (born August 17, 1957) is an American film and television director and screenwriter. He specialized in the single-camera sitcom in the 1990s and 2000s and has directed feature films such as "" (1985), "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants" (2005), and "He's Just Not That into You" (2009).
Ken Kwapis
Kwapis was born in East St. Louis, Illinois, and grew up in neighboring Belleville. He is the son of Marge (Wells) and Bruno Walter Kwapis, who was an oral surgeon. He is of Polish descent and was raised Catholic, attending the Jesuit preparatory academy St. Louis University High School.

Question: Len Wiseman and Ken Kwapis, are Americans, that have which occupation?
Answer: film director
Freemasonry
In 1799, English Freemasonry almost came to a halt due to Parliamentary proclamation. In the wake of the French Revolution, the Unlawful Societies Act banned any meetings of groups that required their members to take an oath or obligation.

Question: Why did English Freemasonry almost come to a halt in 1799?
Answer: Parliamentary proclamation
Iberia (airline)
Iberia (] ), legally incorporated as "Iberia, Líneas Aéreas de España, S.A. Operadora, Sociedad Unipersonal", is the flag carrier airline of Spain, founded in 1927. Based in Madrid, it operates an international network of services from its main base of Madrid-Barajas Airport.
International Airlines Group
International Consolidated Airlines Group S.A., often shortened to IAG, is an Anglo-Spanish multinational airline holding company with its registered office in Madrid, Spain, and its operational headquarters in London, England. It was formed in January 2011 after a merger agreement between British Airways and Iberia, the flag carriers of the UK and Spain, respectively. As British Airways was the larger company, those holding shares in British Airways at the time of the merger were given 55% of the shares in the new, merged company. British Airways and Iberia ceased to be independent companies and instead became 100% owned subsidiaries of IAG. The company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and the Madrid Stock Exchange. It is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index and IBEX 35 Index.
International Airlines Group
British Airways and Iberia signed a preliminary merger agreement in November 2009. In April 2010, British Airways and Iberia signed a full merger agreement, with an intended completion date of late 2010, subject to securing the necessary regulatory approvals. The merger between British Airways and Iberia was completed on 21 January 2011, and shares in the new holding company IAG began trading in London and Madrid on 24 January.

Question: International Consolidated Airlines Group, S.A., often shortened to IAG, is an Anglo-Spanish multinational airline holding company,  it was formed in January of which year, after a merger agreement between British Airways and Iberia, the flag carrier airlines of the United Kingdom and Spain respectively?
Answer: 2011
United States Air Force
On 5 June 2008, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates accepted the resignations of both the Secretary of the Air Force, Michael Wynne, and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force, General T. Michael Moseley. In his decision to fire both men Gates cited "systemic issues associated with... declining Air Force nuclear mission focus and performance". Left unmentioned by Gates was that he had repeatedly clashed with Wynne and Moseley over other important non-nuclear related issues to the service. This followed an investigation into two incidents involving mishandling of nuclear weapons: specifically a nuclear weapons incident aboard a B-52 flight between Minot AFB and Barksdale AFB, and an accidental shipment of nuclear weapons components to Taiwan. To put more emphasis on nuclear assets, the USAF established the nuclear-focused Air Force Global Strike Command on 24 October 2008, which later assumed control of all USAF bomber aircraft.

Question: What Secretary of the Air Force resigned in 2008?
Answer: Michael Wynne
Israel
Israel is considered the most advanced country in Western Asia and the Middle East in economic and industrial development. Israel's quality university education and the establishment of a highly motivated and educated populace is largely responsible for spurring the country's high technology boom and rapid economic development. In 2010, it joined the OECD. The country is ranked 16th in the World Economic Forum's "Global Competitiveness Report" and 54th on the World Bank's "Ease of Doing Business" index. Israel was also ranked 5th in the world by share of people in high-skilled employment. Israeli economic data covers the economic territory of Israel, including the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank. 
Israel
Despite limited natural resources, intensive development of the agricultural and industrial sectors over the past decades has made Israel largely self-sufficient in food production, apart from grains and beef. Imports to Israel, totaling $66.76 billion in 2017, include raw materials, military equipment, investment goods, rough diamonds, fuels, grain, and consumer goods. Leading exports include machinery and equipment, software, cut diamonds, agricultural products, chemicals, and textiles and apparel; in 2017, Israeli exports reached $60.6 billion. The Bank of Israel holds $113 billion of foreign-exchange reserves. Since the 1970s, Israel has received military aid from the United States, as well as economic assistance in the form of loan guarantees, which now account for roughly half of Israel's external debt. Israel has one of the lowest external debts in the developed world, and is a lender in terms of net external debt (assets vs. liabilities abroad), which in 2015 stood at a surplus of $69 billion.

Question: Who is considered the most advanced country in Southwest Asia?
Answer: Israel
Southampton
The town was sacked in 1338 by French, Genoese and Monegasque ships (under Charles Grimaldi, who used the plunder to help found the principality of Monaco). On visiting Southampton in 1339, Edward III ordered that walls be built to "close the town". The extensive rebuilding — part of the walls dates from 1175 — culminated in the completion of the western walls in 1380. Roughly half of the walls, 13 of the original towers, and six gates survive.

Question: How many of the original towers from Southampton's walls are still standing?
Answer: 13
Jennifer Beals
Jennifer Beals (born December 19, 1963) is an American actress and a former teen model. She made her film debut in "My Bodyguard" (1980), before receiving critical acclaim for her role in "Flashdance" (1983), for which she won NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical.
Jennifer Beals
Beals appeared in several notable films including "Devil in a Blue Dress" (1995), "The Last Days of Disco" (1998), "Roger Dodger" (2002), "The Book of Eli" (2010), and "Before I Fall" (2017). On television, she starred as Bette Porter on the Showtime drama series "The L Word" (2004–2009) and later went on to star in the series "The Chicago Code" (2011), "Proof" (2015), and "Taken" (2017). She reprised her role as Bette Porter in "" in December 2019.
The Spree
The Spree is a 1998 American television film directed by Tommy Lee Wallace and starring Jennifer Beals, Powers Boothe and Rita Moreno.

Question: The Spree starred the actress who had a role in what 1983 romantic drama?
Answer: Flashdance
Sarah Vowell
Sarah Vowell is an American author, journalist, essayist, social commentator and actress. Vowell has written seven nonfiction books on American history and culture. She was a contributing editor for the radio program "This American Life" on Public Radio International from 1996 to 2008, where she produced numerous commentaries and documentaries and toured the country in many of the program's live shows. She was also the voice of Violet Parr in the animated film "The Incredibles" and its 2018 sequel.
Assassination Vacation
Assassination Vacation is a book by Sarah Vowell, published in 2005, in which she travels around the United States researching the assassinations of U.S. Presidents Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield and William McKinley. While most of the book is devoted to facts about the assassinated presidents and the men who would murder them, Vowell intersperses anecdotes of her self-proclaimed "pilgrimage" of presidential assassinations, including a production of the musical "Assassins".

Question: Assassination Vacation is a book by which American author, journalist, essayist, social commentator and actress, published in 2005, in which she travels around the United States researching the assassinations of U.S. Presidents?
Answer: Sarah Vowell
Sahara
To the south, the Sahara is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of dry tropical savanna with a summer rainy season that extends across Africa from east to west. The southern limit of the Sahara is indicated botanically by the southern limit of "Cornulaca monacantha" (a drought-tolerant member of the Chenopodiaceae), or northern limit of "Cenchrus biflorus", a grass typical of the Sahel. According to climatic criteria, the southern limit of the Sahara corresponds to the 150 mm isohyet of annual precipitation (this is a long-term average, since precipitation varies annually).

Question: What is the long term precipitation average of the Sahara?
Answer: 150 mm
BeiDou
Unlike the American GPS, Russian GLONASS, and European Galileo systems, which use medium Earth orbit satellites, BeiDou-1 used satellites in geostationary orbit. This means that the system does not require a large constellation of satellites, but it also limits the coverage to areas on Earth where the satellites are visible. The area that can be serviced is from longitude 70° E to 140° E and from latitude 5° N to 55° N. A frequency of the system is 2491.75 MHz.

Question: What type of satellites does the American GPS system use?
Answer: medium Earth orbit satellites
The Sun (United Kingdom)
In August 2013, "The Irish Sun" ended the practice of featuring topless models on Page 3. The main newspaper was reported to have followed in 2015 with the edition of 16 January supposedly the last to carry such photographs after a report in "The Times" made such an assertion. After substantial coverage in the media about an alleged change in editorial policy, Page 3 returned to its usual format on 22 January 2015. A few hours before the issue was published, the head of PR at the newspaper said the reputed end of Page 3 had been "speculation" only.

Question: What was stated to be the last edition of the regular Sun to publish topless models?
Answer: the edition of 16 January
Economy of Greece
Between 1975 and 2009, Olympic Airways (known after 2003 as Olympic Airlines) was the country's state-owned flag carrier, but financial problems led to its privatization and relaunch as Olympic Air in 2009. Both Aegean Airlines and Olympic Air have won awards for their services; in 2009 and 2011, Aegean Airlines was awarded the "Best regional airline in Europe" award by Skytrax, and also has two gold and one silver awards by the ERA, while Olympic Air holds one silver ERA award for "Airline of the Year" as well as a ""Condé Nast Traveller 2011 Readers Choice Awards: Top Domestic Airline"" award.

Question: What does Olympic Air hold a silver ERA award for?
Answer: "Airline of the Year"
Bab-e-Khyber
Bab-e-Khyber (Pashto and ; ""Khyber Gate"") is a monument which stands at the entrance of the Khyber Pass in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The gate is immediately west of Peshawar, while the historic Jamrud Fort is adjacent to the gate.
Khyber Pass
The Khyber Pass is a mountain pass in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, on the border with Afghanistan (Nangarhar Province). It connects the town of Landi Kotal to the Valley of Peshawar at Jamrud by traversing part of the Spin Ghar mountains. An integral part of the ancient Silk Road, it has long had substantial cultural, economic, and geopolitical significance for Eurasian trade. Throughout history, it has been an important trade route between Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent and a vital strategic military choke point for various states that came to control it. The summit of the pass is 5 km inside Pakistan at Landi Kotal, while the lowest point is .46 km at Jamrud in the Valley of Peshawar. The Khyber Pass is part of Asian Highway 1 (AH1).

Question: The mountain pass connecting the town of Landi Kotal to the Valley of Peshawar is located in what country?
Answer: Pakistan