qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Peter Debye
Peter Joseph William Debye {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'ForMemRS', '4': "} ( ; ] ; March 24, 1884 – November 2, 1966) was a Dutch-American physicist and physical chemist, and Nobel laureate in Chemistry.
Physikalische Zeitschrift
Physikalische Zeitschrift (English: "Physical Journal") was a German scientific journal of physics published from 1899 to 1945 by S. Hirzel Verlag. In 1924, it merged with "Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik". From 1944 onwards, the journal published the "Reichsberichte für Physik" (English: "Reich Reports for Physics").
Physikalische Zeitschrift
Several publications of great historical significance have been published in it, such as Albert Einstein's "Über die Entwicklung unserer Anschauungen über das Wesen und die Konstitution der Strahlung" ("On the Development of Our Views Concerning the Nature and Constitution of Radiation") and Carl von Weizsäcker's work on the source of energy in stars. During its life, it was edited by several prominent physicists, such as Peter Debye.

Question: What did the Dutch American physicist and physical chemist who edited the Physikalische Zeitschrift win a Nobel prize in?
Answer: Chemistry
Middle Ages
During the Later Middle Ages, theologians such as John Duns Scotus (d. 1308) and William of Ockham (d. c. 1348) led a reaction against intellectualist scholasticism, objecting to the application of reason to faith. Their efforts undermined the prevailing Platonic idea of universals. Ockham's insistence that reason operates independently of faith allowed science to be separated from theology and philosophy. Legal studies were marked by the steady advance of Roman law into areas of jurisprudence previously governed by customary law. The lone exception to this trend was in England, where the common law remained pre-eminent. Other countries codified their laws; legal codes were promulgated in Castile, Poland, and Lithuania.

Question: What school of thought was Duns Scotus opposed to?
Answer: scholasticism
Bacteria
Most laboratory techniques for growing bacteria use high levels of nutrients to produce large amounts of cells cheaply and quickly. However, in natural environments, nutrients are limited, meaning that bacteria cannot continue to reproduce indefinitely. This nutrient limitation has led the evolution of different growth strategies (see r/K selection theory). Some organisms can grow extremely rapidly when nutrients become available, such as the formation of algal (and cyanobacterial) blooms that often occur in lakes during the summer. Other organisms have adaptations to harsh environments, such as the production of multiple antibiotics by "Streptomyces" that inhibit the growth of competing microorganisms. In nature, many organisms live in communities (e.g., biofilms) that may allow for increased supply of nutrients and protection from environmental stresses. These relationships can be essential for growth of a particular organism or group of organisms (syntrophy).

Question: What can create a subsequent increase of nutrients in natural environment?
Answer: biofilms
University of Southern Denmark
The University of Southern Denmark ( , literally "South Danish University", abbr. SDU) is a university in Denmark that has campuses located in Southern Denmark and on Zealand.
Purbanchal University
Purbanchal University (PU), a public university in Biratnagar, was established in 1993 by the Government of Nepal with its fundamental objective of preserving, refining, inventing, adopting, extending and transmitting knowledge in an environment that fosters free enquiry and open scholarly debate, leading to all-encompassing development of the rural people and their economies and environment. Purbanchal University conducts its academic programs through its five constituent campuses as well as more than 123 affiliate colleges.The university covers 545 hectares of land in its Biratnagar premises.

Question: Which university has more than one campus, University of Southern Denmark or Purbanchal University?
Answer: University of Southern Denmark
FC Schalke 04
Fußballclub Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V., commonly known as FC Schalke 04 (] ), Schalke, Schalke 04, or abbreviated as S04 (] ), is a professional German football and multi-sports club originally from the district of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The "04" in the club's name derives from its formation in 1904. Schalke has long been one of the most popular professional football teams and multi-sports club in Germany, even though the club's heyday was in the 1930s and 1940s. Schalke play in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system. As of June 2018, the club has 155,000 members, making it the second-largest sports club in Germany and the fourth-largest sports club in the world in terms of membership. Other activities offered by the club include athletics, basketball, handball, table tennis, winter sports and eSports.
1971–72 DFB-Pokal
The 1971–72 DFB-Pokal was the 29th season of the annual German football cup competition. It began on 4 December 1971 and ended on 1 July 1972. 32 teams competed in the tournament of five rounds. In the final Schalke 04 defeated 1. FC Kaiserslautern 5–0, the largest margin by which a DFB-Pokal final was ever decided.

Question: Who defeated Kaiserslautern  in the 1971–72 DFB-Pokal?
Answer: FC Schalke 04
Punjab, Pakistan
Maharaja Ranjit Singh's death in the summer of 1839 brought political chaos and the subsequent battles of succession and the bloody infighting between the factions at court weakened the state. Relationships with neighbouring British territories then broke down, starting the First Anglo-Sikh War; this led to a British official being resident in Lahore and the annexation in 1849 of territory south of the Satluj to British India. After the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849, the Sikh Empire became the last territory to be merged into British India. In Jhelum 35 British soldiers of the HM XXIV regiment were killed by the local resistance during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Question: What did Ranjit Singh's death cause?
Answer: political chaos
Atlantic City, New Jersey
The city hosted the 1964 Democratic National Convention which nominated Lyndon Johnson for president and Hubert Humphrey as vice president. The convention and the press coverage it generated, however, cast a harsh light on Atlantic City, which by then was in the midst of a long period of economic decline. Many felt that the friendship between Johnson and Governor of New Jersey Richard J. Hughes led Atlantic City to host the Democratic Convention.

Question: What event was hosted by Atlantic City in 1964?
Answer: Democratic National Convention
Political corruption
Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institution.

Question: Bribery is an example of corruption that involves what type of gain?
Answer: personal gain
Himachal Pradesh
The Kingdom of Gorkha conquered many kingdoms and came to power in Nepal in 1768. They consolidated their military power and began to expand their territory. Gradually, the Kingdom of Nepal annexed Sirmour and Shimla. Under the leadership of Amar Singh Thapa, the Nepali army laid siege to Kangra. They managed to defeat Sansar Chand Katoch, the ruler of Kangra, in 1806 with the help of many provincial chiefs. However, the Nepali army could not capture Kangra fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809. After the defeat, they expanded towards the south of the state. However, Raja Ram Singh, Raja of Siba State, captured the fort of Siba from the remnants of Lahore Darbar in Samvat 1846, during the First Anglo-Sikh War.

Question: When did the Gurkhas come into power?
Answer: 1768
Elizabeth II
The Queen, who opened the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, also opened the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics in London, making her the first head of state to open two Olympic Games in two countries. For the London Olympics, she played herself in a short film as part of the opening ceremony, alongside Daniel Craig as James Bond. On 4 April 2013, she received an honorary BAFTA for her patronage of the film industry and was called "the most memorable Bond girl yet" at the award ceremony.

Question: For what activity related to the film industry did Elizabeth receive a BAFTA award?
Answer: patronage
Chicago Cubs
In 1914, advertising executive Albert Lasker obtained a large block of the club's shares and before the 1916 season assumed majority ownership of the franchise. Lasker brought in a wealthy partner, Charles Weeghman, the proprietor of a popular chain of lunch counters who had previously owned the Chicago Whales of the short-lived Federal League. As principal owners, the pair moved the club from the West Side Grounds to the much newer Weeghman Park, which had been constructed for the Whales only two years earlier, where they remain to this day. The Cubs responded by winning a pennant in the war-shortened season of 1918, where they played a part in another team's curse: the Boston Red Sox defeated Grover Cleveland Alexander's Cubs four games to two in the 1918 World Series, Boston's last Series championship until 2004.

Question: Where did the Cubs move to after leaving the West Side Grounds?
Answer: Weeghman Park
Getty Oil
Getty Oil was an American oil marketing company with its origins as part of the large integrated oil company founded by J. Paul Getty.
J. Paul Getty
Jean Paul Getty ( ; December 15, 1892June 6, 1976), known widely as J. Paul Getty, was an American-born British petrol-industrialist, and the patriarch of the Getty family. He founded the Getty Oil Company, and in 1957 "Fortune" magazine named him the richest living American, while the 1966 "Guinness Book of Records" named him as the world's richest private citizen, worth an estimated $1.2 billion (approx. $ billion in 2018 ). At his death, he was worth more than $6 billion (approximately $ billion in 2018 ). A book published in 1996 ranked him as the 67th richest American who ever lived, based on his wealth as a percentage of the concurrent gross national product.

Question: In what year did the founder of Getty Oil get coined the "Fortune" magazine's richest living American?
Answer: 1957
Faygo
Faygo Beverages, Inc., is a soft drink company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan. The beverages produced by the company, branded as Faygo or Faygo Pop, are distributed in the Midwestern, Mid-Atlantic, and Central Southern regions of the United States, as well as southern Canada. Faygo is exported to Europe by American Fizz, an official distributor of Faygo. Faygo Beverages, Inc., is a wholly owned subsidiary of the National Beverage Corporation and started in Detroit, Michigan, in 1907 as Feigenson Brothers Bottling Works. 
Cottee's
Cottee's is an Australian brand of cordial drinks, owned by Schweppes Australia.

Question: Cottee's and Faygo both produce what?
Answer: Beverages
Boothbay Harbor, Maine
Boothbay Harbor is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,165 at the 2010 census. During summer months, the entire Boothbay Harbor region is a popular yachting and tourist destination. The ZIP Code is 04538, and the community is served by the 633 telephone exchange in area code 207.
Auld-McCobb House
The Auld-McCobb House is a historic double house on Oak Street in Boothbay Harbor, Maine. It is the town's oldest brick residence, built in 1807 for a pair of prominent local merchants. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Question: What was the population in the 2010 census of the town where The Auld-McCobb House is located ?
Answer: 2,165
Steven Spielberg
The most persistent theme throughout his films is tension in parent-child relationships. Parents (often fathers) are reluctant, absent or ignorant. Peter Banning in "Hook" starts off in the beginning of the film as a reluctant married-to-his-work parent who through the course of the film regains the respect of his children. The absence of Elliott's father in "E.T." is the most famous example of this theme. In "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade", it is revealed that Indy has always had a very strained relationship with his father, who is a professor of medieval literature, as his father always seemed more interested in his work, specifically in his studies of the Holy Grail, than in his own son, although his father does not seem to realize or understand the negative effect that his aloof nature had on Indy (he even believes he was a good father in the sense that he taught his son "self reliance," which is not how Indy saw it). Even Oskar Schindler, from "Schindler's List", is reluctant to have a child with his wife. In "The Color Purple", the main character, Celie, has been impregnated by her father multiple times. "Munich" depicts Avner as a man away from his wife and newborn daughter. There are exceptions; Brody in "Jaws" is a committed family man, while John Anderton in "Minority Report" is a shattered man after the disappearance of his son. This theme is arguably the most autobiographical aspect of Spielberg's films, since Spielberg himself was affected by his parents' divorce as a child and by the absence of his father. Furthermore, to this theme, protagonists in his films often come from families with divorced parents, including "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial" (protagonist Elliot's mother is divorced) and "Catch Me If You Can" (Frank Abagnale's mother and father split early on in the film). Little known also is Tim in "Jurassic Park" (early in the film, another secondary character mentions Tim and Lex's parents' divorce). The family often shown divided is often resolved in the ending as well. Following this theme of reluctant fathers and father figures, Tim looks to Dr. Alan Grant as a father figure. Initially, Dr. Grant is reluctant to return those paternal feelings to Tim. However, by the end of the film, he has changed, and the kids even fall asleep with their heads on his shoulders.

Question: What was Indy's father's career?
Answer: professor of medieval literature
Time
Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and technologists, and was a prime motivation in navigation and astronomy. Periodic events and periodic motion have long served as standards for units of time. Examples include the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, the swing of a pendulum, and the beat of a heart. Currently, the international unit of time, the second, is defined by measuring the electronic transition frequency of caesium atoms (see below). Time is also of significant social importance, having economic value ("time is money") as well as personal value, due to an awareness of the limited time in each day and in human life spans.

Question: Time has personal value due to awareness of it's limited nature in what?
Answer: each day and in human life spans
Mauro Ranallo
Mauro Domenico Ranallo (born December 21, 1969) is a Canadian sports announcer, commentator and mental health advocate. He is currently signed as a play-by-play announcer with MMA organization Bellator, professional wrestling promotion WWE (on their NXT brand) and also performs play-by-play duties for boxing broadcaster Showtime, most notably, the Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Conor McGregor bout. He has experience in Canadian football, ice hockey, professional wrestling, boxing, kickboxing, and mixed martial arts events.
Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Conor McGregor
Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Conor McGregor, also known as "The Money Fight" and "The Biggest Fight in Combat Sports History", was a professional boxing match between undefeated eleven-time five-division boxing world champion Floyd Mayweather Jr. and two-division mixed martial arts (MMA) world champion and, at the time, UFC Lightweight Champion Conor McGregor. The fight took place at T-Mobile Arena in Paradise, Nevada, on August 26, 2017, at the light middleweight limit (154 lbs; 69.9 kg). It was scheduled for twelve rounds and recorded the second highest pay-per-view buy rate in history.

Question: What nationality is the person who did the play-by-play for the "The Biggest Fight in Combat Sports History"?
Answer: Canadian
Jenna Jameson
Jenna Jameson (born Jenna Marie Massoli; April 9, 1974) is an American model, former pornographic film actress, businesswoman, writer, and television personality. She has been named the world's most famous adult entertainment performer and "The Queen of Porn".
How to Make Money Like a Porn Star
How to Make Money Like a Porn Star is the first graphic novel published by ReganBooks/HarperCollins, written by New York Times bestselling author Neil Strauss and illustrated by artist Bernard Chang. Strauss and Chang have collaborated on two previous books, "How to Make Love Like a Porn Star" (the autobiography of porn queen Jenna Jameson), and "".

Question: Who illustrated a graphic novel based on the life of a model and performer nicknamed "The Queen of Porn"?
Answer: Bernard Chang
The Mission (1986 film)
The Mission is a 1986 British period drama film about the experiences of a Jesuit missionary in 18th-century South America. Directed by Roland Joffé and written by Robert Bolt, the film stars Robert De Niro, Jeremy Irons, Ray McAnally, Aidan Quinn, Cherie Lunghi, and Liam Neeson.
Ray McAnally
Ray McAnally (30 March 1926 – 15 June 1989) was an Irish actor. He was the winner of four BAFTA awards in the late 1980s: twice for Best Supporting Actor (for "The Mission" in 1986 and "My Left Foot" in 1989), and twice for Best Actor in the television category (for "A Perfect Spy" in 1988 and "A Very British Coup" in 1989). In 2020, he was listed at number 34 on The Irish Times list of Ireland's greatest film actors.
Ray McAnally
Ray McAnally was born in Buncrana, a seaside town located on the Inishowen peninsula of County Donegal, Ireland and brought up in the nearby town of Moville from the age of three. The son of a bank manager, he was educated at St Eunan's College in Letterkenny where he wrote, produced and staged a musical called "Madame Screwball" at the age of 16. He entered Maynooth Seminary at the age of 18 but left after a short time having decided that the priesthood was not his vocation. He joined the Abbey Theatre in 1947 where he met and married actress Ronnie Masterson.

Question: How many BAFTA awards did Irish actor Ray McAnally win including his role in the 1986 film The Mission?
Answer: four
Falstaff Brewing Corporation
The Falstaff Brewing Corporation was a major American brewery located in St. Louis, Missouri. With roots in the 1838 Lemp Brewery of St. Louis, the company was renamed after the Shakespearean character Sir John Falstaff in 1903. Production peaked in 1965 with 7,010,218 barrels brewed, and then dropped 70% in the next 10 years. While its smaller labels linger on today, its main label Falstaff Beer went out of production in 2005. The rights to the brand are currently owned by Pabst Brewing Company.
Griesedieck Brothers beer
Griesedieck Brothers Beer is a historic St. Louis beer brand that has been reintroduced after years of absence. The Griesedieck family once owned three St. Louis-area breweries, Griesedieck Brothers Brewery, Griesedieck Western Brewery Co. in Belleville, Illinois (producers of Stag Beer) and the Falstaff Brewing Corporation, producer of Falstaff Beer.

Question: Where is Griesedieck Brothers beer and Falstaff Brewing Corporation located?
Answer: St. Louis
The Bronx
The Bronx has also become home to a peculiar poetic tribute in the form of the "Heinrich Heine Memorial", better known as the Lorelei Fountain. After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. However, this intention was thwarted by a combination of ethnic antagonism, aesthetic controversy and political struggles over the institutional control of public art. In 1899, the memorial by Ernst Gustav Herter was placed in Joyce Kilmer Park, near the Yankee Stadium. In 1999, it was moved to 161st Street and the Concourse.

Question: When did Heine die?
Answer: 1856
Portugal
Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a Christian origin or connotation. Although relations between the Portuguese state and the Roman Catholic Church were generally amiable and stable since the earliest years of the Portuguese nation, their relative power fluctuated. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the church enjoyed both riches and power stemming from its role in the reconquest, its close identification with early Portuguese nationalism and the foundation of the Portuguese educational system, including its first university.

Question: In what religion do many Portuguese holidays and festivals find their origin?
Answer: Christian
Near East
If Norman was apparently attempting to change British policy, it was perhaps William Miller (1864–1945), journalist and expert on the Near East, who did the most in that direction. In essence, he signed the death warrant, so to speak, of the Age of Empires. The fall of the Ottoman Empire ultimately enmeshed all the others as well. In the "Travel and Politics in the Near East", 1898, Miller claimed to have made four trips to the Balkans, 1894, 1896, 1897 and 1898, and to be, in essence, an expert on "the Near East", by which he primarily meant the Balkans. Apart from the fact that he attended Oxford and played Rugby not many biographical details have been promulgated. He was in effect (whatever his formal associations if any) a point man of British near eastern intelligence.

Question: Where did Miller attend school?
Answer: Oxford
Best Footballer in Asia 2014
The 2014 Best Footballer in Asia, given to the best football player in Asia as judged by a panel of sports journalists, was awarded to Son Heung-min on 28 November 2014.
Son Heung-min
Son Heung-min ( ; born 8 July 1992) is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a winger or striker for Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur and captains the South Korea national team. Considered one of the best wingers in the world, Son is often called an icon of South Korean culture, and was nominated for the Ballon Dor in 2019.
Son Heung-min
Born in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province, Son joined Hamburger SV at the age of 16 and debuted in the German Bundesliga in 2010. In 2013, he moved to Bayer Leverkusen for a club record €10 million before signing for Tottenham for £22 million two years later, becoming the most expensive Asian player in history. While at Tottenham, Son became the top Asian goalscorer in both Premier League and Champions League history, and surpassed Cha Bum-kun's record for most goals scored by a Korean player in European competition. In 2019, he became the second Asian in history to reach and start a UEFA Champions League final after fellow countryman Park Ji-sung.

Question: The winner of the  2014 Best Footballer in Asia award plays for what Premier League club?
Answer: Tottenham Hotspur
Erinnerungsort Olympia-Attentat
The Erinnerungsort Olympia-Attentat is a memorial in the Munich Olympiapark for the victims of the Munich massacre during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, at which eleven Israeli Olympic team members were taken hostage and eventually killed, along with a German police officer, by the Palestinian terrorist group Black September.
Black September Organization
The Black September Organization (BSO) ( , "Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-aswad") was a Palestinian militant organization founded in 1970. Besides other actions, the group was responsible for the assassination of the Jordanian Prime Minister Wasfi Tal, and the Munich massacre, in which eleven Israeli athletes and officials were kidnapped and killed, as well as a West German policeman losing his life, during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, their most publicized event. These attacks led to the creation or specialization of permanent counter-terrorism forces in many European countries. The group was last known to be active around 1988.
Black September Organization
The group's name is derived from the Black September conflict which began on 16 September 1970, when King Hussein of Jordan declared military rule in response to "fedayeen" attempting to seize his kingdom – resulting in the deaths and expulsion of thousands of Palestinians fighters from Jordan. The BSO began as a small cell of Fatah men determined to take revenge upon King Hussein and the Jordanian Armed Forces. Recruits from the PFLP, as-Sa'iqa, and other groups also joined.

Question: Among the events that led to the creation of permanent counter-terrorism forces in major European countries were the Black September Organization was responsible for the massacre of Israeli Olympic team members and the assassination of the prime minister of which country?
Answer: Jordan
Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer
Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer is a 2003 feature-length documentary film about Aileen Wuornos, made by Nick Broomfield as a follow-up to his 1992 film "". The film focuses on Wuornos' declining mental state and the questionable judgment to execute her despite her being of unsound mind.
Aileen Wuornos
Aileen Carol "Lee" Wuornos Pralle ( ; born Aileen Carol Pittman; February 29, 1956 – October 9, 2002) was an American serial killer and prostitute who murdered seven men in Florida in 1989 and 1990 by shooting them at point-blank range. Wuornos claimed that her victims had either raped or attempted to rape her while she was servicing them, and that all of the homicides were committed in self-defense. She was sentenced to death for six of the murders and was executed by lethal injection on October 9, 2002.

Question: How many people was the subject of the film "Life and Death of a Serial Killer" convicted and sentenced for murdering?
Answer: six
Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football. The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at the newly redeveloped Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus. Jimbo Fisher is currently the team's head coach.
Jerrod Johnson
Jerrod Terrel Johnson (born July 27, 1988) is a former American football quarterback and current coach who is an offensive quality control coach with the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in 2011. He played college football at Texas A&M. Johnson was Texas A&M's starting quarterback from 2008 to 2010, finishing his collegiate career ranked first in school history with 8,011 passing yards and 8,888 yards total offense.

Question: Which team signed the American football quarterback who played college football at the school repsented by The Aggies?
Answer: Philadelphia Eagles
Lake Erie
Lake Erie ( ) is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time. At its deepest point Lake Erie is 210 ft deep.
Fourmile Creek (Pennsylvania)
Fourmile Creek is a tributary of Lake Erie in Erie County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is approximately 8 mi in length. It has a drainage basin of 11.93 sqmi and is a part of the Lake Erie Watershed.

Question: Fourmile Creek is a tributary of which  fourth-largest lake of the five Great Lakes in North America?
Answer: Lake Erie
Marshall Islands
The US government formed the Congress of Micronesia in 1965, a plan for increased self-governance of Pacific islands. The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in 1979 provided independence to the Marshall Islands, whose constitution and president (Amata Kabua) were formally recognized by the US. Full sovereignty or self-government was achieved in a Compact of Free Association with the United States. Marshall Islands has been a member of the Pacific Community (SPC) since 1983 and a United Nations member state since 1991. Politically, the Marshall Islands is a parliamentary republic with an executive presidency in free association with the United States, with the US providing defense, subsidies, and access to U.S.-based agencies such as the Federal Communications Commission and the United States Postal Service. With few natural resources, the islands' wealth is based on a service economy, as well as some fishing and agriculture; aid from the United States represents a large percentage of the islands' gross domestic product. The country uses the United States dollar as its currency. In 2018, it also announced plans for a new cryptocurrency to be used as legal tender.

Question: What is the main component of the Marshall Islands economy?
Answer: service
Data compression
Lossless audio compression produces a representation of digital data that decompress to an exact digital duplicate of the original audio stream, unlike playback from lossy compression techniques such as Vorbis and MP3. Compression ratios are around 50–60% of original size, which is similar to those for generic lossless data compression. Lossless compression is unable to attain high compression ratios due to the complexity of waveforms and the rapid changes in sound forms. Codecs like FLAC, Shorten, and TTA use linear prediction to estimate the spectrum of the signal. Many of these algorithms use convolution with the filter [-1 1] to slightly whiten or flatten the spectrum, thereby allowing traditional lossless compression to work more efficiently. The process is reversed upon decompression.

Question: What are around 50-60% of the original size?
Answer: Compression ratios
Fantastic Mr. Fox (film)
Fantastic Mr. Fox is a 2009 stop motion animated comedy film directed by Wes Anderson, based on Roald Dahl's 1970 children's novel of the same name. The film is about a fox who steals food at night from three mean and wealthy farmers. They are fed up with Mr. Fox's theft and try to kill him so they dig their way into the foxes' home. However, the animals are able to outwit the farmers and live underground.
The Secret of Kells
The Secret of Kells is a 2009 French-Belgian-Irish animated fantasy film animated by Cartoon Saloon that premiered on 8 February 2009 at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival. It went into wide release in Belgium and France on 11 February, and Ireland on 3 March.

Question: Are the movies The Secret of Kells, and Fantastic Mr. Fox, from the same country?
Answer: no
Zen
Zen ( ; ; ; ) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty, there known as the Chan School ("Chánzong" 禪宗), and later developed into various schools. The Chan School was strongly influenced by Taoist philosophy, especially Neo-Daoist thought, and developed as a distinct school of Chinese Buddhism. From China, Chán spread south to Vietnam and became Vietnamese Thiền, northeast to Korea to become Seon Buddhism, and east to Japan, becoming Japanese Zen. 
Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (臨済宗 ; Japanese: "Rinzai-shū", ) is one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism (with Sōtō and Ōbaku being the others).

Question: Which Japanese sect is part of Mahayana Buddhism?
Answer: The Rinzai school
CIT Group
CIT Group Inc. (CIT) is a financial holding company and bank holding company incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in New York City. CIT Bank, N.A., CIT's banking subsidiary, is headquartered in Pasadena, California. The company's name is an initialism of an early corporate name, Commercial Investment Trust.
CIT Group
CIT provides financing, leasing, and advisory services principally to middle-market companies and small businesses in a wide variety of industries, primarily in North America. CIT also provides banking and related services to commercial and individual customers through its banking subsidiary, CIT Bank, N.A. ("CIT Bank"), which includes over 60 branches located in Southern California and an online bank.
John Thain
John Alexander Thain (born May 26, 1955) is an American businessman, investment banker, and former chair and CEO of the CIT Group.

Question: What does the company abbreviation stand for, who's former hairman and CEO is an American businessman,and  investment banker?
Answer: Commercial Investment Trust
Armando Iannucci
Armando Giovanni Iannucci {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 28 November 1963) is a Scottish satirist, writer, director, and radio producer. Born in Glasgow to Italian parents, Iannucci studied at the University of Glasgow followed by the University of Oxford, leaving graduate work on a D.Phil. about John Milton to pursue a career in comedy. Starting on BBC Scotland and BBC Radio 4, his early work with Chris Morris on the radio series "On the Hour" transferred to television as "The Day Today". A character from this series, Alan Partridge, co-created by Iannucci, went on to feature in a number of Iannucci's television and radio programmes, including "Knowing Me Knowing You with Alan Partridge" and "I'm Alan Partridge". Iannucci also fronted the satirical "Armistice" review shows and in 2001 created his most personal work, "The Armando Iannucci Shows", for Channel 4.
Clinton: His Struggle with Dirt
Clinton: His Struggle with Dirt is a satire from 1998 written and narrated by Armando Iannucci, in a similar style to his later shows, such as "Time Trumpet". Purporting to be a documentary from the future (2028), it casts actors as older versions of real people, such as Bill Clinton and Monica Lewinsky, who are depicted in a comic account of the Lewinsky scandal.

Question: Clinton: His Struggle with Dirt is narrated by a writer of what nationality?
Answer: Scottish
The Venetian Las Vegas
The Venetian Las Vegas is a luxury hotel and casino resort located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States, on the site of the old Sands Hotel. Designed by KlingStubbins, the hotel tower contains 36 stories and rises 475 ft . The Venetian is owned and operated by Las Vegas Sands. The Venetian also serves as the seat of the corporate headquarters for its parent company.
18th AVN Awards
The 18th AVN Awards ceremony, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), took place January 8, 2001 at the Venetian Hotel Grand Ballroom, at Paradise, Nevada, U.S.A. During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards in 77 categories honoring the best pornographic films released between Oct. 1, 1999 and Sept. 30, 2000. The ceremony was produced by Gary Miller and directed by Mark Stone. Adult film star Jenna Jameson hosted the show for the second time.

Question: The 18th AVN Awards ceremony took place at a five-diamond luxury hotel and casino that was designed by KlingStubbins, and sits on the site of what former hotel?
Answer: Sands Hotel
Cyberpunk (album)
Cyberpunk is the fifth studio album by English rock musician Billy Idol, released on 29 June 1993 by Chrysalis Records. A concept album, it was inspired by his personal interest in technology and his first attempts to use computers in the creation of his music. Idol based the album on the cyberdelic subculture of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Heavily experimental in its style, the album was an attempt to take control of the creative process in the production of his albums, while simultaneously introducing Idol's fans and other musicians to the opportunities presented by digital media.
Jaime Levy
Jaime Levy is an American author, lecturer, interface designer, and user experience strategist. She first became known for her new media projects in the 1990s. Her best-known projects include the floppy disk distributed with Billy Idol’s album "Cyberpunk", "WORD", an online magazine, and an online cartoon series, "CyberSlacker".
Jaime Levy
Levy was born on March 8, 1966 in Hollywood, California and raised in the San Fernando Valley. In 1988, she graduated with a B.A. from San Francisco State University. In 1990, she earned her Master’s degree from New York University’s Interactive Telecommunications Program where she later spent seven years as a part-time professor. She currently teaches a graduate level course on UX design and strategy at the University of Southern California (USC) in the Viterbi School of Engineering.

Question: Who released the Billy album which was distributed with a floppy disk created by Jaime Levy?
Answer: Chrysalis Records
Atlantic City, New Jersey
During this time, Atlantic City was led by mayor Edward L. Bader, known for his contributions to the construction, athletics and aviation of Atlantic City. Despite opposition, he had Atlantic City purchase the land that became the city's municipal airport and high school football stadium, both of which were later named Bader Field in his honor. He led the initiative, in 1923, to construct the Atlantic City High School at Albany and Atlantic Avenues. Bader, in November 1923, initiated a public referendum, during the general election, at which time residents approved the construction of a Convention Center. The city passed an ordinance approving a bond issue for $1.5 million to be used for the purchase of land for Convention Hall, now known as the Boardwalk Hall, finalized September 30, 1924. Bader was also a driving force behind the creation of the Miss America competition.

Question: What year did Edward L. Bader lead the initiative to construct the Atlantic City High School?
Answer: 1923
Mission San Francisco Solano (California)
Mission San Francisco Solano was the 21st, last, and northernmost mission in Alta California. It was the only mission built in Alta California after Mexico gained independence from Spain. The difficulty of its beginning demonstrates the confusion resulting from that change in governance. The California Governor wanted a robust Mexican presence north of the San Francisco Bay to keep the Russians who had established Fort Ross on the Pacific coast from moving further inland. A young Franciscan friar from Mission San Francisco de Asis wanted to move to a location with a better climate and access to a larger number of potential converts.
Sonoma State Historic Park
Sonoma State Historic Park is a California State Park located in the center of Sonoma, California. The park consists of six sites: the Mission San Francisco Solano, the Sonoma Barracks (sometimes called the Presidio of Sonoma), the Blue Wing Inn, La Casa Grande, Lachryma Montis, and the Toscano Hotel.

Question: What was the 21st, last and northernmost mission in Alta California, and is located on a part of a California State Park located in the center of Sonoma, California ?
Answer: Mission San Francisco Solano
The Graveyard Book
The Graveyard Book is a young adult fantasy novel by the English author Neil Gaiman, simultaneously published in Britain and America in 2008. "The Graveyard Book" traces the story of the boy Nobody "Bod" Owens who is adopted and reared by the supernatural occupants of a graveyard after his family is brutally murdered.
The Midnight Charter
The Midnight Charter is a young adult fantasy novel by David Whitley. It is the first novel in the Agora Trilogy, and the author's debut novel. It was nominated for the 2010 Carnegie Medal, but lost to Neil Gaiman's "The Graveyard Book".

Question: What English author won a Carnegie Medal for his story about Nobody Owens?
Answer: Neil Gaiman
Database
The final stage of database design is to make the decisions that affect performance, scalability, recovery, security, and the like, which depend on the particular DBMS. This is often called "physical database design", and the output is the physical data model. A key goal during this stage is data independence, meaning that the decisions made for performance optimization purposes should be invisible to end-users and applications. There are two types of data independence: Physical data independence and logical data independence. Physical design is driven mainly by performance requirements, and requires a good knowledge of the expected workload and access patterns, and a deep understanding of the features offered by the chosen DBMS.

Question: What is an important goal in in this final stage?
Answer: data independence
9 (2005 film)
9 is a 2005 computer animated short film created by Shane Acker as a student project at the UCLA Animation Workshop. Tim Burton saw the film and was so impressed by its artistic vision that he went on to produce a feature-length adaptation also titled "9" (2009), directed by Acker and distributed by Focus Features. The film was presented at the Indianapolis International Film Festival. It was nominated for an Academy Award for best animated short film, but lost to "", although it did win a Student Academy Award for Best Animation.
9 (2009 animated film)
9 is a 2009 American computer-animated post apocalyptic science fiction film directed by Shane Acker, written by Pamela Pettler and was produced by Jim Lemley, Tim Burton, Timur Bekmambetov and Dana Ginsburg. The film stars the voice of Elijah Wood as the titular role, alongside other voices of John C. Reilly, Jennifer Connelly, Christopher Plummer, Crispin Glover with Martin Landau and Fred Tatasciore.

Question: Who saw the 2005 computer animated short film created by Shane Acker and went on to help produce it into the 2009 American computer-animated science fiction film?
Answer: Tim Burton
Treaty
According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality even if approved by internal law. This means that in case of a conflict with domestic law, international law will always prevail.

Question: The preamble of what states that treaties are a source of international law?
Answer: The Law of Treaties
André 3000
André Lauren Benjamin (born May 27, 1975), better known by his stage name André 3000, is an American rapper and actor best known for being a part of hip hop duo Outkast alongside fellow rapper Big Boi. Both "Billboard" and "Showbiz Cheatsheet" have listed André 3000 as one of the top 10 rappers of all time.  As an actor, Benjamin has made appearances in several films and television series, including "Families", "The Shield", "Be Cool", "Revolver", "Semi-Pro", "Four Brothers", and in the lead role of Jimi Hendrix in "All Is by My Side". He currently plays Fredwynn on the AMC anthology series, "Dispatches from Elsewhere".
Semi-Pro
Semi-Pro is a 2008 American sports comedy film from New Line Cinema. The film was directed by Kent Alterman and stars Will Ferrell, Woody Harrelson, André Benjamin and Maura Tierney. The film was shot in Los Angeles near Dodger Stadium (in the gym of the Los Angeles City Fire Department Training Center), in Detroit, and in Flint, Michigan. Released in theaters on February 19, 2008 and released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on June 3, 2008, it was the last film from New Line Cinema before they were absorbed by Warner Bros. Pictures.

Question: André Lauren Benjamin made appearances in which 2008 American sports comedy film from New Line Cinema?
Answer: Semi-Pro
Baptists
Many Baptist churches choose to affiliate with organizational groups that provide fellowship without control. The largest such group in the US is the Southern Baptist Convention. There also are a substantial number of smaller cooperative groups. Finally, there are Independent Baptist churches that choose to remain independent of any denomination, organization, or association. It has been suggested that a primary Baptist principle is that local Baptist Churches are independent and self-governing, and if so the term 'Baptist denomination' may be considered somewhat incongruous.

Question: What is the largest fellowship without control?
Answer: Southern Baptist Convention
Macintosh
In early 2001 Apple began shipping computers with CD-RW drives and emphasized the Mac's ability to play DVDs by including DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives as standard. Steve Jobs admitted that Apple had been "late to the party" on writable CD technology, but felt that Macs could become a "digital hub" that linked and enabled an "emerging digital lifestyle". Apple would later introduce an update to its iTunes music player software that enabled it to burn CDs, along with a controversial "Rip, Mix, Burn" advertising campaign that some felt encouraged media piracy. This accompanied the release of the iPod, Apple's first successful handheld device. Apple continued to launch products, such as the unsuccessful Power Mac G4 Cube, the education-oriented eMac, and the titanium (and later aluminum) PowerBook G4 laptop for professionals.

Question: When did Apple begin shipping computers with CD-RW drives?
Answer: early 2001
Pontiac Fiero
The Pontiac Fiero is a mid-engine sports car that was built by American automobile manufacturer General Motors from 1983 to 1988 for the 1984 to 1988 model years. The Fiero was designed by George Milidrag and Hulki Aldikacti as a sports car. It was the first two-seater Pontiac since the 1926 to 1938 coupes, and the first, mass-produced mid-engine sports car by a U.S. manufacturer. Many technologies incorporated in the Fiero design such as composite panels were radical for their time. Other features included hidden headlamps and, initially, integrated stereo speakers within the driver and passenger headrests.
Getrag 282 transmission
The Getrag 282 transmission was a 5-speed manual transaxle designed by Getrag for Chevrolet. It is sometimes referred to as the Muncie 282 or the Muncie Getrag 282, as the transmission was manufactured by the Muncie, Indiana manual transmission plant. It has been used in various front-wheel drive transverse engine applications including the Chevrolet Cavalier, Pontiac Sunbird, Pontiac Grand Am, Chevrolet Beretta and the Oldsmobile Achieva. It was also used in the mid-engined rear-wheel drive Pontiac Fiero. In its later years, the Getrag 282 was manufactured by New Venture Gear and renamed the NVG T550.

Question: What rear wheel drive car used the getrag 282 transmission?
Answer: Pontiac Fiero
Oklahoma
The name "Oklahoma" comes from the Choctaw phrase "okla" "humma", literally meaning "red people". Choctaw Nation Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government on the use of Indian Territory, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Equivalent to the English word "Indian", "okla humma" was a phrase in the Choctaw language that described Native American people as a whole. "Oklahoma" later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers.

Question: What language does the name Oklahoma come from?
Answer: Choctaw