qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Kerry Ehrin
Kerry Anne Ehrin (born October 8, 1960) is an American screenwriter, showrunner, and producer. In 1990, she was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series for her work as a producer on the ABC comedy-drama series "The Wonder Years". In 2011, she was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series for her work as a producer on the NBC drama series "Friday Night Lights". From 2013 to 2017, Ehrin was also showrunner and co-creator of the critically acclaimed A&E drama series "Bates Motel". She currently serves as showrunner on the Apple TV+ series "The Morning Show".
Kerry Ehrin
Ehrin was born in Los Angeles, California, and grew up in the Woodland Hills neighborhood with her sister, Mary. She was educated at Agoura High School, from which she graduated in 1978. Ehrin studied literature, specializing in playwriting, at the University of California, Los Angeles, and wrote her thesis on the work of Lewis Carroll.
Friday Night Lights (TV series)
Friday Night Lights is an American sports drama television series developed by Peter Berg, that is inspired by the by H. G. Bissinger, which was adapted as the 2004 film of the same name by Berg. It was executive produced by Brian Grazer, David Nevins, Sarah Aubrey and Jason Katims, who served as showrunner. The series is about a high school football team in the fictional town of Dillon, a small, close-knit community in rural Texas. The series features an ensemble cast, led by Kyle Chandler and Connie Britton, who portray football coach Eric Taylor and his wife Tami Taylor, a school faculty member. The rest of the primary cast includes characters associated with football and high school. The series uses this small-town backdrop to address many issues facing contemporary American culture, including family values, school funding, racism, drugs, abortion and lack of economic opportunities.

Question: For what show set in Dillon Texas did the show runner of "Bates Motel" work as a consulting producer on?
Answer: Friday Night Lights
Ottoman Empire
During the 16th and 17th centuries, at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was a multinational, multilingual empire controlling most of Southeastern Europe, Central Europe, Western Asia, parts of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Northern Africa, and the Horn of Africa. At the beginning of the 17th century, the empire contained 32 provinces and numerous vassal states. Some of these were later absorbed into the Ottoman Empire, while others were granted various types of autonomy over the course of centuries.

Question: How many provinces did the Ottoman empire control at the start of the 17th century?
Answer: 32 provinces
Oklahoma City
Although technically not a university, the FAA's Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center has many aspects of an institution of higher learning. Its FAA Academy is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. Its Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI) has a medical education division responsible for aeromedical education in general as well as the education of aviation medical examiners in the U.S. and 93 other countries. In addition, The National Academy of Science offers Research Associateship Programs for fellowship and other grants for CAMI research.

Question: What institution is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools?
Answer: Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center
Late Middle Ages
After the failed union of Sweden and Norway of 1319–1365, the pan-Scandinavian Kalmar Union was instituted in 1397. The Swedes were reluctant members of the Danish-dominated union from the start. In an attempt to subdue the Swedes, King Christian II of Denmark had large numbers of the Swedish aristocracy killed in the Stockholm Bloodbath of 1520. Yet this measure only led to further hostilities, and Sweden broke away for good in 1523. Norway, on the other hand, became an inferior party of the union and remained united with Denmark until 1814.

Question: Which Danish King was responsible for the Stockholm Bloodbath?
Answer: King Christian II
Separation of church and state in the United States
The centrality of the "separation" concept to the Religion Clauses of the Constitution was made explicit in "Everson v. Board of Education", 330 U.S. 1 (1947), a case dealing with a New Jersey law that allowed government funds to pay for transportation of students to both public and Catholic schools. This was the first case in which the court applied the Establishment Clause to the laws of a state, having interpreted the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as applying the Bill of Rights to the states as well as the federal legislature. Citing Jefferson, the court concluded that "The First Amendment has erected a wall between church and state. That wall must be kept high and impregnable. We could not approve the slightest breach."

Question: What was the topic of the Everson v. Board of Education?
Answer: government funds to pay for transportation of students to both public and Catholic schools
Alloy
As a noun, the term alloy is used to describe a mixture of atoms in which the primary constituent is a metal. When used as a verb, the term refers to the act of mixing a metal with other elements. The primary metal is called the "base", the "matrix", or the "solvent". The secondary constituents are often called "solutes". If there is a mixture of only two types of atoms (not counting impurities) such as a copper-nickel alloy, then it is called a "binary alloy." If there are three types of atoms forming the mixture, such as iron, nickel and chromium, then it is called a "ternary alloy." An alloy with four constituents is a "quaternary alloy," while a five-part alloy is termed a "quinary alloy." Because the percentage of each constituent can be varied, with any mixture the entire range of possible variations is called a "system". In this respect, all of the various forms of an alloy containing only two constituents, like iron and carbon, is called a "binary system," while all of the alloy combinations possible with a ternary alloy, such as alloys of iron, carbon and chromium, is called a "ternary system".

Question: What is another name for solutes?
Answer: The secondary constituents
Adrian Peterson
Adrian Mortimer Peterson (born March 21, 1985) is an American football running back for the Washington Football Team of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Oklahoma, where he set the freshman rushing record with 1,925 yards during the 2004 season. Named a unanimous All-American that year, he became the first freshman to finish as the runner-up in the Heisman Trophy balloting. Peterson finished his college football career as the Sooners' third all-time leading rusher. He is widely considered to be one of the greatest running backs in NFL history.
NFL Top 100 Players of 2013
The NFL Top 100 Players of 2013 was the third season of the series. It ended with reigning NFL MVP Adrian Peterson being ranked #1, while Super Bowl MVP Joe Flacco was ranked #19.

Question: What rank did football running back Adrian Peterson receive in the NFL Top 100 Players of 2013?
Answer: #1
East Prussia
The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an "Oberlandesgericht" appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the "Regierungsbezirke" of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate "Regierungsbezirk" of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824 and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.

Question: What was included in the reform?
Answer: emancipation of the serfs and Jews
Dogfish Head Brewery
Dogfish Head Brewery is a brewing company based in Milton, Delaware founded by Sam Calagione. It opened in 1995 and produces 262,000 barrels of beer annually. Dogfish Head has been a rapidly growing brewery – it grew nearly 400% between 2003 and 2006. The brewery was featured prominently in the documentary "Beer Wars" and was the subject of the Discovery Channel series "Brew Masters", which premiered Sunday, November 21, 2010. The brewery takes its name from Dogfish Head, Maine, where Calagione spent summers as a child.
Beer Wars
Beer Wars is a 2009 documentary film about the American beer industry. In particular, it covers the differences between large corporate breweries, namely Anheuser-Busch, the Miller Brewing Company, and the Coors Brewing Company opposed to smaller breweries like Dogfish Head Brewery, Moonshot 69, Yuengling, Stone Brewing Co., and other producers of craft beer. Also covered is how advertising and lobbyists are used to control the beer market, implying that these things harm competition and consumer choice.

Question: Beer Wars covers differences between big breweries and small breweries like this one based in Milton, Delaware founded by Sam Calagione that opened in what year
Answer: 1995
Georgian architecture
Until the Church Building Act 1818, the period saw relatively few churches built in Britain, which was already well-supplied, although in the later years of the period the demand for Non-conformist and Roman Catholic places of worship greatly increased. Anglican churches that were built were designed internally to allow maximum audibility, and visibility, for preaching, so the main nave was generally wider and shorter than in medieval plans, and often there were no side-aisles. Galleries were common in new churches. Especially in country parishes, the external appearance generally retained the familiar signifiers of a Gothic church, with a tower or spire, a large west front with one or more doors, and very large windows along the nave, but all with any ornament drawn from the classical vocabulary. Where funds permitted, a classical temple portico with columns and a pediment might be used at the west front. Interior decoration was generally chaste; however, walls often became lined with plaques and monuments to the more prosperous members of the congregation.

Question: The later years of the period saw the demand for which places of worship increase?
Answer: Non-conformist and Roman Catholic
Transistor
In a grounded-emitter transistor circuit, such as the light-switch circuit shown, as the base voltage rises, the emitter and collector currents rise exponentially. The collector voltage drops because of reduced resistance from collector to emitter. If the voltage difference between the collector and emitter were zero (or near zero), the collector current would be limited only by the load resistance (light bulb) and the supply voltage. This is called "saturation" because current is flowing from collector to emitter freely. When saturated, the switch is said to be "on".

Question: What is the term for a zero difference between collector and emitter?
Answer: saturation
Bear Hands
Bear Hands is an American post-punk and indie rock band, consisting of Dylan Rau (vocals and guitar), Val Loper (bass), Ted Feldman (guitar), and TJ Orscher (drums). Hailing from Brooklyn, New York, United States, and formed in 2006, the band signed with Cantora Records in 2010 upon the release of its single, "What a Drag".
Stellar West
Stellar West is an American indie punk band from Naperville, Illinois formed in 2014. The group consists of Parker Belonio (vocals, guitar), Cole Onley (bass guitar), Levi Hansen (Guitar) and JC Kuppinger (drums). Their debut release, the EP "Songs From the Basement", was released October 22, 2015 and their first album, "Unfiltered", was released November 13, 2016. Both the EP and LP were produced by Adam Krier and engineered by Andy Gerber at Million Yen Studios. Pre-production was done at Sound Summit with Adam Krier and Charlie Dresser. Their EP "Kermit the Fraud" was produced and engineered at Sound Summit Studios in Naperville.
Stellar West
Stellar West (formerly Stellar) formed in May 2014 after the trio met at a School of Rock in their hometown, not unlike other up and coming young bands, Hippo Campus and Doll Skin who got the same start. Just over a year after their formation, they released their debut EP, "Songs From the Basement", digitally and on CD. At the end of 2015, the band was recognized by "Forkster Promotions" by winning three categories in the website's year-end music awards, including placing 50 out of the top 100 new artists of the year.

Question: Which band has more members, Stellar West or Bear Hands?
Answer: Bear Hands
Fort McHenry
Fort McHenry is a historical American coastal pentagonal bastion fort located in the Locust Point neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. It is best known for its role in the War of 1812, when it successfully defended Baltimore Harbor from an attack by the British navy from the Chesapeake Bay on September 13–14, 1814. It was first built in 1798 and was used continuously by the U.S. armed forces through World War I and by the Coast Guard in World War II. It was designated a national park in 1925, and in 1939 was redesignated a "National Monument and Historic Shrine".
William W. Morris
William Walton Morris Jr. (August 31, 1801 – December 11, 1865) was an American soldier and a career officer in the United States Army. He served as a colonel and brevet brigadier general in the Regular Army (United States), with Union Army service during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Morris served as a brigade commander primarily in charge of the defense of Fort McHenry and Baltimore Harbor. He had several brief periods in command of VIII Corps and of the Middle Department, which almost completely overlapped with each other.

Question: During what was did William W. Morris serve in charge of the place that would go on to become a designated National Park in 1925, and a "National Monument and Historic Shrine" in 1939?
Answer: American Civil War
Inside Out (2015 film)
Inside Out is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film was directed by Pete Docter and co-directed by Ronnie del Carmen, with a screenplay written by Docter, Meg LeFauve, and Josh Cooley, adapted from a story by Docter and del Carmen. The film is set in the mind of a young girl named Riley (Kaitlyn Dias), where five personified emotions—Joy (Amy Poehler), Sadness (Phyllis Smith), Anger (Lewis Black), Fear (Bill Hader), and Disgust (Mindy Kaling)—try to lead her through life as she and her parents (Diane Lane and Kyle MacLachlan) adjust to their new surroundings after moving from Minnesota to San Francisco.
Inside Out (2015 film)
Docter first began developing "Inside Out" in 2010, after noticing changes in his daughter's personality as she grew older. The film's producers consulted numerous psychologists including Dacher Keltner from the University of California, Berkeley, who helped revise the story by emphasizing the neuropsychological findings that human emotions affect interpersonal relationships and can be significantly moderated by them.
Jonas Rivera
Jonas H. Rivera (born May 2, 1971) is an American film producer. He produced the animated films "Up" (2009), "Inside Out" (2015) and "Toy Story 4" (2019), all of which won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. Rivera is an alumnus of San Francisco State University and has worked with Pixar Animation Studios since 1994.

Question: What movie did Jonas Rivera produce that was directed by Pete Docter?
Answer: Inside Out
Tony Carr
Anthony Carr MBE (born 5 September 1950) is an English sports coach and former Director of Youth Development at the West Ham United football club's youth academy and is recognised as one of the most influential figures in English football. A former graduate of the academy himself, whose footballing career was cut short by injury, he joined the club's staff as a youth coach in 1973. Since then in his tenure as director, as of 2010, Carr is credited with producing talent which has earned an estimated £80 million in transfer fees for the club, while the 23-man England squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup contained no less than seven players trained by Carr – Rio Ferdinand, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Michael Carrick, Jermain Defoe, Glen Johnson and John Terry.
Joe Cole
Joseph John Cole (born 8 November 1981) is an English football coach and former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or winger in the Premier League, Ligue 1, League One and United Soccer League.
Joe Cole
Cole started his career with West Ham United, where, after breaking into the first team in January 1999, he played more than 120 Premier League games over five seasons. He was one of a number of players who left West Ham in the summer of 2003, after the club had been relegated to the Football League First Division, with Cole signing for Chelsea. He spent seven seasons at Chelsea, playing over 280 games in all competitions and winning seven trophies, including three Premier League titles, two FA Cups and a League Cup. He left Chelsea on a free transfer in July 2010 to join Liverpool, who a year later loaned him to Lille. After a season in France, he returned to Liverpool before re-joining West Ham in January 2013. He signed for Aston Villa in June 2014, then joined Coventry City on loan in October 2015, joining on a permanent deal in January 2016. This was to be his last club in England.

Question: Which member of the English 2010 FIFA squad was also a member of the Tampa Bay Rowdies? 
Answer: Joe Cole
Middle Ages
Carolingian art was produced for a small group of figures around the court, and the monasteries and churches they supported. It was dominated by efforts to regain the dignity and classicism of imperial Roman and Byzantine art, but was also influenced by the Insular art of the British Isles. Insular art integrated the energy of Irish Celtic and Anglo-Saxon Germanic styles of ornament with Mediterranean forms such as the book, and established many characteristics of art for the rest of the medieval period. Surviving religious works from the Early Middle Ages are mostly illuminated manuscripts and carved ivories, originally made for metalwork that has since been melted down. Objects in precious metals were the most prestigious form of art, but almost all are lost except for a few crosses such as the Cross of Lothair, several reliquaries, and finds such as the Anglo-Saxon burial at Sutton Hoo and the hoards of Gourdon from Merovingian France, Guarrazar from Visigothic Spain and Nagyszentmiklós near Byzantine territory. There are survivals from the large brooches in fibula or penannular form that were a key piece of personal adornment for elites, including the Irish Tara Brooch. Highly decorated books were mostly Gospel Books and these have survived in larger numbers, including the Insular Book of Kells, the Book of Lindisfarne, and the imperial Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram, which is one of the few to retain its "treasure binding" of gold encrusted with jewels. Charlemagne's court seems to have been responsible for the acceptance of figurative monumental sculpture in Christian art, and by the end of the period near life-sized figures such as the Gero Cross were common in important churches.

Question: Where was a notable hoard found near the former lands of the Byzantine Empire?
Answer: Nagyszentmiklós
High-definition television
The NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to "unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring much higher in subjective tests than NTSC's previously dubbed "HDTV". This new system, NHK Color, created in 1972, included 1125 lines, a 5:3 aspect ratio and 60 Hz refresh rate. The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), headed by Charles Ginsburg, became the testing and study authority for HDTV technology in the international theater. SMPTE would test HDTV systems from different companies from every conceivable perspective, but the problem of combining the different formats plagued the technology for many years.

Question: What year was NHK Color created?
Answer: 1972
Gravel v. United States
Gravel v. United States, 408 U.S. 606 (1972), was a case regarding the protections offered by the Speech or Debate Clause of the United States Constitution. In the case, the Supreme Court of the United States held that the privileges and immunities of the Constitution's Speech or Debate Clause enjoyed by members of Congress also extend to Congressional aides, but not to activity outside the legislative process.
Ford v. Wainwright
Ford v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399 (1986), was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the common law rule that the insane cannot be executed; therefore the petitioner is entitled to a competency evaluation and to an evidentiary hearing in court on the question of their competency to be executed.

Question: Ford v. Wainwright and Gravel v. United States, both are which organization cases?
Answer: Supreme Court
Loring Air Force Base
Loring Air Force Base ( ) was a United States Air Force installation in northeastern Maine, near Limestone and Caribou in Aroostook County. It was one of the largest bases of the U.S. Air Force's Strategic Air Command during its existence, and was transferred to the newly created Air Combat Command in 1992.
Double cantilever hangar
A double cantilever hangar is a type of hangar that was constructed by the United States Air Force during the Cold War. Large hangars were constructed at Castle Air Force Base, Loring Air Force Base, Carswell Air Force Base, and Travis Air Force Base, while smaller hangars were constructed at March Air Force Base, Edwards Air Force Base, Hanscom Air Force Base, and Homestead Air Force Base.

Question: What type of Hangar was constructed at  The United States Air Force installation in northeastern Maine ?
Answer: Double cantilever hangar
The Shard
The Shard, also referred to as the Shard of Glass, Shard London Bridge and formerly London Bridge Tower, is a 95-storey skyscraper, designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano, in Southwark, London, that forms part of the Shard Quarter development. Standing 309.6 m high, the Shard is the tallest building in the United Kingdom, and the sixth-tallest building in Europe. It is also the second-tallest free-standing structure in the United Kingdom, after the concrete tower of the Emley Moor transmitting station. It replaced Southwark Towers, a 24-storey office block built on the site in 1975.
One Canada Square
One Canada Square is a skyscraper in Canary Wharf, London. It is the second tallest building in the United Kingdom at 770 ft above ground level containing 50 storeys.
One Canada Square
One Canada Square was designed by Cesar Pelli with Adamson Associates and Frederick Gibberd Coombes. The design and shape are based on earlier precedents buildings that include Brookfield Place and Elizabeth Tower. The building is clad with durable stainless steel. One of the predominant features of the building is the pyramid roof, which contains a flashing aircraft warning light, a rare feature for buildings in the United Kingdom. The distinctive pyramid pinnacle is 800 ft above sea level.

Question: One Canada Square, sometimes called Canary Wharf Tower or simply Canary Wharf, is a skyscraper in Canary Wharf, London, in late 2010, it was surpassed by which  95-storey skyscraper in Southwark, London, that forms part of the London Bridge Quarter development?
Answer: The Shard
British Isles
At the end of the last ice age, what are now the British Isles were joined to the European mainland as a mass of land extending north west from the modern-day northern coastline of France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Ice covered almost all of what is now Scotland, most of Ireland and Wales, and the hills of northern England. From 14,000 to 10,000 years ago, as the ice melted, sea levels rose separating Ireland from Great Britain and also creating the Isle of Man. About two to four millennia later, Great Britain became separated from the mainland. Britain probably became repopulated with people before the ice age ended and certainly before it became separated from the mainland. It is likely that Ireland became settled by sea after it had already become an island.

Question: What happened to British Isles area when the ice melted after the last ice age?
Answer: sea levels rose
Korean War
In these and subsequent battles, Seoul was captured four times, and communist forces were pushed back to positions around the 38th parallel, close to where the war started. After this the front stabilized and the last two years of fighting became a war of attrition, the war in the air, however, was never a stalemate. North Korea was subject to a massive US bombing campaign. Jet fighters confronted each other in air-to-air combat for the first time in history, and Soviet pilots covertly flew in defense of their communist allies.

Question: What type of combat was seen for the first time in the history of war?
Answer: air-to-air combat
Trump Entertainment Resorts
Trump Entertainment Resorts, Inc. was a gambling and hospitality company that currently does not own or operate any properties. The company previously owned and operated the now-renamed Trump Taj Mahal, the now-shuttered Trump Plaza, the demolished Trump World's Fair, the now-renamed Trump Marina, and the now-renamed Trump 29. Formerly known as Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts, it was founded in 1995 by Donald Trump. The company filed for bankruptcy in 2004, 2009 and 2014. It has been a subsidiary of Icahn Enterprises since 2016. Trump Entertainment Resorts currently owns one property, Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino, which is currently shuttered and vacant.
Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino
Trump Plaza is a closed hotel and casino on the Boardwalk in Atlantic City, New Jersey, owned by Trump Entertainment Resorts. Designed by architect Martin Stern Jr., it operated from May 15, 1984 until September 16, 2014.

Question: Where is the closed hotel and casino which Trump Entertainment Resorts, Inc. owned and operated located 
Answer: Atlantic City, New Jersey,
Brigham Young University
A few special additions enhance the language-learning experience. For example, BYU's International Cinema, featuring films in several languages, is the largest and longest-running university-run foreign film program in the country. As already noted, BYU also offers an intensive foreign language living experience, the Foreign Language Student Residence. This is an on-campus apartment complex where students commit to speak only their chosen foreign language while in their apartments. Each apartment has at least one native speaker to ensure correct language usage.

Question: As part of the Foreign Language Student Residence program, what do students commit to speak while in their apartments?
Answer: only their chosen foreign language
Zinc
Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc in various proportions, was used as early as the third millennium BC in the Aegean, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kalmykia, Turkmenistan and Georgia, and the second millennium BC in West India, Uzbekistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq, and Israel/Palestine. Zinc metal was not produced on a large scale until the 12th century in India, though it was known to the ancient Romans and Greeks. The mines of Rajasthan have given definite evidence of zinc production going back to the 6th century BC. To date, the oldest evidence of pure zinc comes from Zawar, in Rajasthan, as early as the 9th century AD when a distillation process was employed to make pure zinc. Alchemists burned zinc in air to form what they called "philosopher's wool" or "white snow".

Question: What two metals are mixed to create Brass?
Answer: copper and zinc
Arnold Schwarzenegger
Schwarzenegger began lifting weights at the age of 15, and went on to win the Mr. Universe title at age 20 before winning the Mr. Olympia contest seven times; he remains a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. The Arnold Sports Festival, considered the second most important bodybuilding event after Mr. Olympia, is named after him. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest bodybuilders of all time, as well as the sport's most charismatic and famous ambassador.

Question: How many times was Schwarzenegger awarded the Mr. Olympia title?
Answer: seven
Justin Gimelstob
Justin Jeremy Gimelstob (born January 26, 1977) is a retired American tennis player. Gimelstob has been a resident of Morristown, New Jersey, and as of 2009 lived in Santa Monica, California.
Olivier Rochus
Olivier Rochus (] ; born 18 January 1981) is a retired Belgian tennis player. He is the younger brother of Christophe Rochus, also a former top-40 tennis player.
Olivier Rochus
Rochus won two singles titles in his career and in 2004 won the French Open doubles title, partnering fellow Belgian Xavier Malisse. His career-high singles ranking is world No. 24.

Question: What sport did Justin Gimelstob and Olivier Rochus both play professionally?
Answer: tennis
Tucson, Arizona
From 1877 to 1878, the area suffered a rash of stagecoach robberies. Most notable were the two holdups committed by masked road-agent William Whitney Brazelton. Brazelton held up two stages in the summer of 1878 near Point of Mountain Station, approximately 17 mi northwest of Tucson. John Clum, of Tombstone, Arizona fame, was one of the passengers. Pima County Sheriff Charles A. Shibell and his citizen posse killed Brazelton on August 19, 1878, in a mesquite bosque along the Santa Cruz River 3 mi south of Tucson. Brazelton had been suspected of highway robbery in the Tucson area, the Prescott region, and the Silver City, New Mexico area. Because of the crimes and threats to his business, John J. Valentine, Sr. of Wells, Fargo & Co. had sent Bob Paul, a special agent and a future Pima County sheriff, to investigate. The US Army established Fort Lowell, then east of Tucson, to help protect settlers and travelers from Apache attacks.

Question: Who was the most famous stagecoach robber in the Tucson area?
Answer: William Whitney Brazelton
Premier League
In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players, in 1999, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union. A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

Question: Why did the Home Office change it rules regardin work permits in 1999?
Answer: In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players
National Velvet
National Velvet is a novel by Enid Bagnold (1889–1981), first published in 1935.
Miracle Legion
Miracle Legion is an American college rock band formed in 1983 in New Haven, Connecticut. They earned modest renown, especially in their native New England region, but also in the UK, where they were feted by music media such as "NME" and "Melody Maker".

Question: Which is the famous 1935 novel by Enid Bagnold, Miracle Legion or National Velvet?
Answer: National Velvet
All Is Lost
All Is Lost is a 2013 survival drama film written and directed by J. C. Chandor. The film stars Robert Redford as a man lost at sea. Redford is the only cast member, and the film has very few spoken words. "All Is Lost" is Chandor's second feature film, following his 2011 debut "Margin Call". It screened out of competition at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival.
Alex Ebert
Alexander Michael Tahquitz Ebert (born May 12, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter and composer. He is best known for being the lead singer and songwriter for the American bands Ima Robot and Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros. On January 12, 2014, Ebert won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score for his musical score to the film "All Is Lost" (2013).

Question: Who was the director of the film with which Alex Ebert won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score for his musical score to the film?
Answer: J. C. Chandor.
Tuberculosis
The BCG vaccine has limitations, and research to develop new TB vaccines is ongoing. A number of potential candidates are currently in phase I and II clinical trials. Two main approaches are used to attempt to improve the efficacy of available vaccines. One approach involves adding a subunit vaccine to BCG, while the other strategy is attempting to create new and better live vaccines. MVA85A, an example of a subunit vaccine, is in trials in South Africa as of 2006, is based on a genetically modified vaccinia virus. Vaccines are hoped to play a significant role in treatment of both latent and active disease.

Question: What vaccine are researchers trying to improve on?
Answer: BCG
Spice Girls
The Spice Girls are an English pop girl group formed in 1994. The group comprises Melanie Brown, also known as Mel B ("Scary Spice"), Melanie Chisholm, also known as Mel C ("Sporty Spice"), Emma Bunton ("Baby Spice"), Geri Halliwell ("Ginger Spice") and Victoria Beckham ("Posh Spice"). They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single "Wannabe" in 1996; it hit number one in 37 countries and commenced their global success. Their debut album "Spice" sold more than 23 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history. Their follow-up album, "Spiceworld" sold over 13 million copies worldwide. The Spice Girls have sold 85 million records worldwide, making them the best-selling girl group of all time, one of the best-selling pop groups of all time, and the biggest British pop success since the Beatles. Among the highest-profile acts in 1990s popular culture, "Time" called them "arguably the most recognizable face" of Cool Britannia, the mid-1990s celebration of youth culture in the UK.
When You're Gone (Bryan Adams song)
"When You're Gone" peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart and spent 15 weeks in the UK Top 40, nine of which were in the top 10. With sales of 676,947, "When You're Gone" was the 82nd-best selling single of the 1990s in the UK. It has sold 830,000 copies in the UK as of May 2019. The song also reached the top ten in several countries, including number two in Scotland, number three in Ireland, and number four in Australia. It also reached number twelve in Canada.

Question: What was the debut album of the girl group of the artist featured on "When You're Gone"?
Answer: "Spice"
Seven Years' War
Austria was not able to retake Silesia or make any significant territorial gain. However, it did prevent Prussia from invading parts of Saxony. More significantly, its military performance proved far better than during the War of the Austrian Succession and seemed to vindicate Maria Theresa's administrative and military reforms. Hence, Austria's prestige was restored in great part and the empire secured its position as a major player in the European system. Also, by promising to vote for Joseph II in the Imperial elections, Frederick II accepted the Habsburg preeminence in the Holy Roman Empire. The survival of Prussia as a first-rate power and the enhanced prestige of its king and its army, however, was potentially damaging in the long run to Austria's influence in Germany.

Question: Did Austria get Silesia back?
Answer: Austria was not able to retake Silesia
2008 Sichuan earthquake
On May 16 China stated it had also received $457 million in donated money and goods for rescue efforts so far, including $83 million from 19 countries and four international organizations. Saudi Arabia was the largest aid donor to China, providing close to €40,000,000 in financial assistance, and an additional €8,000,000 worth of relief materials.

Question: What country was the largest aid donor to China?
Answer: Saudi Arabia
Nelson Levy
Nelson Lévy (born ? - died June 3, 2007 Tahiti) was a leading figure in French Polynesia tourism and the founding head of Air Tahiti Nui, the national airline of French Polynesia.
Air Tahiti Nui
Air Tahiti Nui is a French airline and the flag carrier of French Polynesia, with its head office in Papeete, Tahiti. It operates long-haul flights from its home base at Faa'a International Airport, with a fleet consisting of four Boeing 787 Dreamliners.

Question: Who was the founding head of a French airline with it's head office in Papeete, Tahiti?
Answer: Nelson Lévy
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction has been that of Gordon Foxley, Director of Ammunition Procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.

Question: Who in the MoD was convicted of fraud?
Answer: Gordon Foxley
Mammal
Therapsids, a group of synapsids, descended from pelycosaurs in the Middle Permian, about 265 million years ago, and became the dominant land vertebrates. They differ from basal eupelycosaurs in several features of the skull and jaws, including: larger skulls and incisors which are equal in size in therapsids, but not for eupelycosaurs. The therapsid lineage leading to mammals went through a series of stages, beginning with animals that were very similar to their pelycosaur ancestors and ending with probainognathian cynodonts, some of which could easily be mistaken for mammals. Those stages were characterized by:

Question: At which group did Therapsids end with?
Answer: probainognathian cynodonts
Child labour
Many factors played a role in Britain's long-term economic growth, such as the industrial revolution in the late 1700s and the prominent presence of child labour during the industrial age. Children who worked at an early age were often not forced; but did so because they needed to help their family survive financially. Due to poor employment opportunities for many parents, sending their children to work on farms and in factories was a way to help feed and support the family. Child labour first started to occur in England when household businesses were turned into local labour markets that mass-produced the once homemade goods. Because children often helped produce the goods out of their homes, working in a factory to make those same goods was a simple change for many of these youths. Although there are many counts of children under the age of ten working for factories, the majority of children workers were between the ages of ten and fourteen.

Question: How were the work oppurtunies for parents during this time period?
Answer: poor
The Breakers
The Breakers is a Vanderbilt mansion located on Ochre Point Avenue, Newport, Rhode Island, United States. The building became a National Historic Landmark in 1994 and is a contributing property to the Bellevue Avenue Historic District. It is owned and operated by the Preservation Society of Newport County and is open for visits all year.
The Breakers
The mansion was built as the Newport summer home of Cornelius Vanderbilt II, a member of the wealthy United States Vanderbilt family, in an architectural style based on the Italian Renaissance. It was designed by renowned architect Richard Morris Hunt with interior decoration by Jules Allard and Sons and Ogden Codman, Jr. The 70-room mansion has a gross area of 125339 ft2 and 62482 ft2 of living area on five floors, constructed between 1893 and 1895. The Ochre Point Avenue entrance is marked by sculpted iron gates, and the 30 ft walkway gates are part of a 12 ft limestone-and-iron fence that borders the property on all but the ocean side. The footprint of the house covers approximately 1 acre or 43,000 square feet of the 14 acre estate on the cliffs overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.
Equestrian statue of John A. Logan
Major General John A. Logan, also known as the General John A. Logan Monument and Logan Circle Monument, is an equestrian statue in Washington, D.C. that honors politician and Civil War general John A. Logan. The monument is sited in the center of Logan Circle, a traffic circle and public park in the Logan Circle neighborhood. The statue was sculpted by artist Franklin Simmons, whose other prominent works include the Peace Monument and statues in the National Statuary Hall Collection. The architect of the statue base was Richard Morris Hunt, designer of prominent buildings including the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City and The Breakers in Newport, Rhode Island. Prominent attendees at the dedication ceremony in 1901 included President William McKinley, members of his cabinet, Senator Chauncey Depew, Senator Shelby Moore Cullom, and General Grenville M. Dodge.

Question: Who owns the mansion designed by Richard Morris Hunt
Answer: Preservation Society of Newport County
Premier League
Managers in the Premier League are involved in the day-to-day running of the team, including the training, team selection and player acquisition. Their influence varies from club-to-club and is related to the ownership of the club and the relationship of the manager with fans. Managers are required to have a UEFA Pro Licence which is the final coaching qualification available, and follows the completion of the UEFA 'B' and 'A' Licences. The UEFA Pro Licence is required by every person who wishes to manage a club in the Premier League on a permanent basis ("i.e.", more than 12 weeks, the amount of time an unqualified caretaker manager is allowed to take control). Caretaker appointments are managers that fill the gap between a managerial departure and a new appointment. Several caretaker managers have gone on to secure a permanent managerial post after performing well as a caretaker, including Paul Hart at Portsmouth and David Pleat at Tottenham Hotspur.

Question: For how long at most is an unlicenced caretaker manager allowed to control a Premier League team for?
Answer: 12 weeks
Age of Enlightenment
The vast majority of the reading public could not afford to own a private library and while most of the state-run "universal libraries" set up in the 17th and 18th centuries were open to the public, they were not the only sources of reading material. On one end of the spectrum was the "Bibliothèque Bleue", a collection of cheaply produced books published in Troyes, France. Intended for a largely rural and semi-literate audience these books included almanacs, retellings of medieval romances and condensed versions of popular novels, among other things. While some historians have argued against the Enlightenment's penetration into the lower classes, the "Bibliothèque Bleue" represents at least a desire to participate in Enlightenment sociability. Moving up the classes, a variety of institutions offered readers access to material without needing to buy anything. Libraries that lent out their material for a small price started to appear and occasionally bookstores would offer a small lending library to their patrons. Coffee houses commonly offered books, journals and sometimes even popular novels to their customers. "The Tatler" and "The Spectator", two influential periodicals sold from 1709 to 1714, were closely associated with coffee house culture in London, being both read and produced in various establishments in the city. This is an example of the triple or even quadruple function of the coffee house: reading material was often obtained, read, discussed and even produced on the premises.

Question: Where was Bibliotheque Bleue located?
Answer: Troyes, France
Ashkenazi Jews
In 2013, a study of Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA by a team led by Martin B. Richards of the University of Huddersfield in England reached different conclusions, in line with the pre-2006 origin hypothesis. Testing was performed on the full 16,600 DNA units composing mitochondrial DNA (the 2006 Behar study had only tested 1,000 units) in all their subjects, and the study found that the four main female Ashkenazi founders had descent lines that were established in Europe 10,000 to 20,000 years in the past while most of the remaining minor founders also have a deep European ancestry. The study argued that the great majority of Ashkenazi maternal lineages were not brought from the Near East or the Caucasus, but instead assimilated within Europe, primarily of Italian and Old French origins. The Richards study estimated that more than 80 percent of Ashkenazi maternal ancestry comes from women indigenous to Europe, and only 8 percent from the Near East, while the origin of the remainder is undetermined. According to the study these findings "point to a significant role for the conversion of women in the formation of Ashkenazi communities." Karl Skorecki criticized the study for perceived flaws in phylogenetic analysis. "While Costa et al have re-opened the question of the maternal origins of Ashkenazi Jewry, the phylogenetic analysis in the manuscript does not 'settle' the question."

Question: A 2013 study estimates that what percentage of Ashkenazi maternal ancestry comes from women of undetermined origins?
Answer: while the origin of the remainder is undetermined
Stargate (record producers)
Stargate is a record producing and songwriting team composed of Tor Erik Hermansen (born 14 October 1972) and Mikkel Storleer Eriksen (born 10 December 1972), based in Los Angeles. The team's genres include R&B, pop and hip hop. Stargate was established in Trondheim, Norway. 
Stargate (record producers)
They have produced or written for Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey, Lionel Richie, Wiz Khalifa, Britney Spears, Beyoncé, Rihanna, Selena Gomez, Rita Ora, Normani, Mis-Teeq, Celine Dion, Blue, Janet Jackson, Shakira, Jennifer Lopez, Sam Smith, Mary J. Blige, Ne-Yo, Katy Perry, Coldplay, P!nk, Sia, Whitney Houston, Nas, Chris Brown, Khalid, Charli XCX, Trey Songz and others.
Sia (musician)
Sia Kate Isobelle Furler ( ; born 18 December 1975) is an Australian singer, songwriter, voice actress and director. She started her career as a singer in the acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s in Adelaide. In 1997, when Crisp disbanded, she released her debut studio album titled "OnlySee" in Australia. She moved to London, England, and provided vocals for the British duo Zero 7. In 2000, Sia released her second studio album, "Healing Is Difficult", and her third studio album, "Colour the Small One", in 2004, but all of these struggled to connect with a mainstream audience.

Question: Stargate is a Norwegian record producing and songwriting team composed of Tor Erik Hermansen, and Mikkel Storleer Eriksen, and have produced and written or only produced for stars including which Australian singer-songwriter, record producer and music video director, and started her career as a singer in the local Adelaide acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s?
Answer: Sia