qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Arsenal F.C.
In the 2011–12 season, Arsenal celebrated their 125th anniversary. The celebrations included a modified version of the current crest worn on their jerseys for the season. The crest was all white, surrounded by 15 oak leaves to the right and 15 laurel leaves to the left. The oak leaves represent the 15 founding members of the club who met at the Royal Oak pub. The 15 laurel leaves represent the design detail on the six pence pieces paid by the founding fathers to establish the club. The laurel leaves also represent strength. To complete the crest, 1886 and 2011 are shown on either sides of the motto "Forward" at the bottom of the crest.

Question: What dates are depicted on the Arsenal anniversary crest?
Answer: 1886 and 2011
Robert Catesby
Robert Catesby (c. 3 March 1572 – 8 November 1605) was the leader of a group of English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605.
Everard Digby
Sir Everard Digby (c. 1578 – 30 January 1606) was a member of the group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605. Although he was raised in a Protestant household, and married a Protestant, Digby and his wife were converted to Catholicism by the Jesuit priest John Gerard. In the autumn of 1605, he was part of a Catholic pilgrimage to the shrine of St Winefride's Well in Holywell. About this time he met Robert Catesby, a religious fanatic who planned to blow up the House of Lords with gunpowder, killing James I. Catesby then planned to incite a popular revolt, during which a Catholic monarch would be restored to the English throne.

Question: What failed plot to kill James I did Robert Catesby attempt to carry out?
Answer: Gunpowder Plot of 1605
Waverly Hills Sanatorium
The Waverly Hills Sanatorium is a former sanatorium located in southwestern Louisville/Jefferson County, Kentucky.
Death Tunnel
Death Tunnel is a 2005 horror movie filmed at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium. It stars Steffany Huckaby, Annie Burgstede, Kristin Novak, and Jason Lasater.

Question: Which 2005 horror movie staring Steffany Huckabee was filmed at a closed sanatorium located in southwestern Louisville/Jefferson County, Kentucky?
Answer: Death Tunnel
Michael Frayn
Michael Frayn, FRSL ( ; born 8 September 1933) is an English playwright and novelist. He is best known as the author of the farce "Noises Off" and the dramas "Copenhagen" and "Democracy". His novels, such as "Towards the End of the Morning", "Headlong" and "Spies", have also been critical and commercial successes, making him one of the handful of writers in the English language to succeed in both drama and prose fiction. He has also written philosophical works, such as "The Human Touch: Our Part in the Creation of the Universe" (2006).
Grantland Rice
Henry Grantland Rice (November 1, 1880July 13, 1954) was an early 20th-century American sportswriter known for his elegant prose. His writing was published in newspapers around the country and broadcast on the radio.

Question: Are both Michael Frayn and Grantland Rice from the same country?
Answer: no
Great Locomotive Chase
The Great Locomotive Chase (also known as the Andrews' Raid or Mitchel Raid) was a military raid that occurred April 12, 1862, in northern Georgia during the American Civil War. Volunteers from the Union Army, led by civilian scout James J. Andrews, commandeered a train, "The General", and took it northward toward Chattanooga, Tennessee, doing as much damage as possible to the vital Western and Atlantic Railroad (W&A) line from Atlanta to Chattanooga as they went. They were pursued by Confederate forces at first on foot, and later on a succession of locomotives, including "The Texas", for 87 mi .
Calhoun Depot
The Calhoun Depot was a railway station of the Western & Atlantic Railroad that was built by the State of Georgia during 1852–53 in Calhoun, Georgia. Unusual for railroads, the Western & Atlantic Railroad was owned and operated by a U.S. state. Calhoun is on its route built from Atlanta, Georgia to Chattanooga, Tennessee. Like other brick or stone depots on the line, the Calhoun Depot was involved in but survived the American Civil War. It was part of the Great Locomotive Chase.

Question: The Calhoun Depot  was part of an American Civil War military raid that occurred on what date?
Answer: April 12, 1862
Captain D'Agoust
Louis-Fouquet de Vincens de Saint-Michel, marquis d'Agoult (Saint-Michel, 5 December 1737 – 19 February 1813) was an officer of the Swiss Guards, described by Thomas Carlyle in his classic recounting of the French Revolution, as a "cast-iron" individual.
Captain D'Agoust
On 4 May 1788, fourteen months before the Revolution, that captain of the Gardes Françaises, acting on the order of the Court of Versailles, marched the Parliament of Paris out of the Palais de Justice and removed the key from the premises. The event is considered one of the key mileposts on the road to the Revolution.
Swiss Guards
Swiss Guards ( ; ) are the Swiss soldiers who have served as guards at foreign European courts since the late 15th century.

Question: Captain D'Agoust was an officer of the group of Swiss soldiers what have served as guards at European courts since when?
Answer: late 15th century
Eugene, Oregon
Eugene ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Oregon, in the Pacific Northwest. It is at the southern end of the verdant Willamette Valley, near the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette Rivers, about 50 mi east of the Oregon Coast.
Harvest House
Harvest House Publishers is a Christian publishing company founded in 1974 in Irvine, California, United States, and is now located in Eugene, Oregon. It publishes Christian fiction and non-fiction books, coming out with over 160 new books a year. It publishes "The Harvest Handbook of Apologetics" which has been described as defending "the basic historical reliability of the gospels, as most good apologetics books today do, and then proceeds to go the extra mile to unapologetically commend and defend the doctrine of inerrancy."

Question: How many miles east of the Oregon Coast is the city in which Harvest House is located?
Answer: 50
Flowering plant
The exact relationship between these eight groups is not yet clear, although there is agreement that the first three groups to diverge from the ancestral angiosperm were Amborellales, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales. The term basal angiosperms refers to these three groups. Among the remaining five groups (core angiosperms), the relationship between the three broadest of these groups (magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots) remains unclear. Zeng and colleagues (Fig. 1) describe four competing schemes. Of these, eudicots and monocots are the largest and most diversified, with ~ 75% and 20% of angiosperm species, respectively. Some analyses make the magnoliids the first to diverge, others the monocots. "Ceratophyllum" seems to group with the eudicots rather than with the monocots. The 2016 Angiosperm Phylogeny Group revision (APG IV) retained the overall higher order relationship described in APG III.

Question: How clear is the relationship between the broadest of the three non-basal angiosperm groups?
Answer: unclear
LaserDisc
Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen frame of the last readable image and sound. The success of this feature depends upon the amount of damage. LaserDisc players, when working in full analog, recover from such errors faster than DVD players. Direct comparison here is almost impossible due to the sheer size differences between the two media. A 1 in scratch on a DVD will probably cause more problems than a 1 in scratch on a LaserDisc, but a fingerprint taking up 1% of the area of a DVD would almost certainly cause fewer problems than a similar mark covering 1% of the surface of a LaserDisc.

Question: What does the repair+skip feature on newer DVD players do?
Answer: filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen frame of the last readable image and sound
University of Texas tower shooting
On August 1, 1966, after stabbing his mother and his wife to death the night before, Charles Whitman, a former Marine, took rifles and other weapons to the observation deck atop the Main Building tower at the University of Texas at Austin, then opened fire indiscriminately on people on the surrounding campus and streets. Over the next 96 minutes he shot and killed 14 people (including an unborn child) and injured 31 others. One final victim died from his injuries in 2001. The incident ended when a policeman and a civilian reached Whitman and shot him dead. At the time, the attack was the deadliest mass shooting by a lone gunman in U.S. history, being surpassed 18 years later by the San Ysidro McDonald's massacre.
Tower (2016 film)
Tower is a 2016 American animated documentary film about the 1966 shootings at the University of Texas at Austin directed and produced by Keith Maitland.
Tower (2016 film)
The film follows the shooting from the perspectives of several survivors, recreating their recounts via actors filmed and later animated in rotoscoping. The film premiered on March 13, 2016, at South by Southwest, before receiving a limited release by Kino Lorber in the United States on September 28, 2016. It was later aired on television on the PBS series "Independent Lens."

Question: Tower is a 2016 animated documentary film directed by Keith Maitland about the 1966 shootings at the University of Texas at Austin, by who?
Answer: Charles Whitman
Raleigh, North Carolina
Midtown Raleigh is a residential and commercial area just North of the I-440 Beltline and is part of North Raleigh. It is roughly framed by Glenwood/Creedmoor Road to the West, Wake Forest Road to the East, and Millbrook Road to the North. It includes shopping centers such as North Hills and Crabtree Valley Mall. It also includes North Hills Park and part of the Raleigh Greenway System. The term was coined by the Greater Raleigh Chamber of Commerce, developer John Kane and planning director Mitchell Silver. The "News & Observer" newspaper started using the term for marketing purposes only. The Midtown Raleigh Alliance was founded on July 25, 2011 as a way for community leaders to promote the area.

Question: Where is the North Hills Shopping center?
Answer: Midtown Raleigh
Stanbic Bank 20 Series
The Domestic Twenty20 formerly known as and Stanbic Bank Twenty20 the Metropolitan Bank Twenty20 is the domestic Twenty20 cricket competition in Zimbabwe. It was formed in 2007 and maintained by Zimbabwe Cricket. It features all the national and domestic players from Zimbabwe and some international stars. Recently, the tournament has risen in profile with some high-quality cricket, and the attraction of major international stars such as Brian Lara, Ryan Sidebottom, Chris Gayle, Shaun Tait, Ian Harvey, and Dirk Nannes. The tournament particularly rose in profile after the reorganization of cricket in Zimbabwe. It was so successful in the 2009–10 season (the inaugural edition after the rename of the tournament) that the tournament was again held in November. In 2009–10, a domestic-cricket record 7500 spectators came into the Harare Sports Club to see the final between Mountaineers and Mashonaland Eagles. It was most recently sponsored by Stanbic Bank (Uganda) Limited.
Shaun Tait
Shaun William Tait (born 22 February 1983) is a former Australian cricketer. He is a right arm fast bowler. He represented Australia in all three forms of cricket, but had most success in One Day Internationals, in which he was a member of Australia's undefeated team at the 2007 Cricket World Cup; and T20 cricket, in which he played for two teams in the Indian Premier League and three teams in Australia's Big Bash League. Tait won four different awards throughout his career including the Bradman Young Cricketer of the Year in 2004. He was one of the fastest bowlers in the world during his time.
Shaun Tait
Tait retired from First class cricket in 2009, and later from One Day International cricket in March 2011, to concentrate on T20 cricket. In March 2017, Tait announced his retirement from all forms of cricket.

Question: The Stanbic Bank Twenty20 formerly known as the Metropolitan Bank Twenty20 is the domestic Twenty20 cricket competition in Zimbabwe, recently, the tournament has risen in profile with some high-quality cricket, and the attraction of major international stars such as which former Australian cricketer, who recently retired from all three formats of the game, and played in the Big Bash League for the Hobart Hurricanes? 
Answer: Shaun Tait
New Haven, Connecticut
Downtown New Haven, occupied by nearly 7,000 residents, has a more residential character than most downtowns. The downtown area provides about half of the city's jobs and half of its tax base and in recent years has become filled with dozens of new upscale restaurants, in addition to shops and thousands of apartments and condominium units which subsequently help overall growth of the city.

Question: What has help the most with the continuous growth within the area?
Answer: thousands of apartments and condominium
Cassipourea
Cassipourea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rhizophoraceae. There are about 40 species. The genus is divided into several subgenera, based mainly on the structure of the flowers.
Mitella
Mitella is a genus of flowering plants known as miterworts or bishop's caps. "Mitella" species are native to temperate and arctic North America and Asia.
Mitella
"Mitella" includes perennials growing from a scaly rhizome, bearing wide heart- or spade-shaped leaves near their bases and flowers with five petals in a long raceme or spike.

Question: Are Cassipourea and Mitella both flowering plants?
Answer: yes
Arena Football League
On Saturday, July 23, 1989, much of America learned of the AFL for an unintended reason, when the Pittsburgh Gladiators' head coach, Joe Haering, made football history by punching commissioner Jim Foster during a game with the Chicago Bruisers. The national media ran with the story, including a photo in "USA Today". The game was played between the two teams in Sacramento's ARCO Arena, as part of the AFL's 'Barnstorming America' tour. Foster had walked onto the field of play to mediate an altercation between the two teams when Haering, a former NFL assistant, punched him in the jaw. Haering was suspended without pay.

Question: Who was the commissioner of the AFL in 1989?
Answer: Jim Foster
Royal assent
The above procedures are not sufficient to cause an Act of Tynwald to come into full force of law. By ancient custom, an Act did not come into force until it had been "promulgated" at an open-air sitting of the Tynwald, historically held on Tynwald Hill at St John's on St John's Day (24 June), but, since the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1753, on 5 July (or on the following Monday if 5 July is a Saturday or Sunday). "Promulgation" originally consisted of the reading of the Act in English and Manx; but after 1865 the reading of the title of the Act and a summary of each section was sufficient. This was reduced in 1895 to the titles and a memorandum of the object and purport of the Act, and since 1988 only the short title and a summary of the long title have been read.

Question: How much of the proposed act must be currently read aloud on St John's Day?
Answer: only the short title and a summary of the long title
Georgian architecture
The styles that resulted fall within several categories. In the mainstream of Georgian style were both Palladian architecture—and its whimsical alternatives, Gothic and Chinoiserie, which were the English-speaking world's equivalent of European Rococo. From the mid-1760s a range of Neoclassical modes were fashionable, associated with the British architects Robert Adam, James Gibbs, Sir William Chambers, James Wyatt, George Dance the Younger, Henry Holland and Sir John Soane. John Nash was one of the most prolific architects of the late Georgian era known as The Regency style, he was responsible for designing large areas of London. Greek Revival architecture was added to the repertory, beginning around 1750, but increasing in popularity after 1800. Leading exponents were William Wilkins and Robert Smirke.

Question: Who were two leading exponent of the Greek Revival style?
Answer: William Wilkins and Robert Smirke
Roger Miller
Roger Dean Miller Sr. (January 2, 1936 – October 25, 1992) was an American singer-songwriter, musician, and actor, widely known for his honky-tonk-influenced novelty songs and his chart-topping country and pop hits "King of the Road", "Dang Me", and "England Swings", all from the mid-1960s Nashville sound era.
King of the Road (song)
"King of the Road" is a song written by country singer Roger Miller, who first recorded it in November 1964.

Question: What Roger Miller novelty song was originally recorded in November 1964?
Answer: King of the Road
Georg Philipp Telemann
Georg Philipp Telemann (24 March [O.S. 14 March] 1681 – 25 June 1767) (] ) was a German Baroque composer and multi-instrumentalist. Almost completely self-taught in music, he became a composer against his family's wishes. After studying in Magdeburg, Zellerfeld, and Hildesheim, Telemann entered the University of Leipzig to study law, but eventually settled on a career in music. He held important positions in Leipzig, Sorau, Eisenach, and Frankfurt before settling in Hamburg in 1721, where he became musical director of that city's five main churches. While Telemann's career prospered, his personal life was always troubled: his first wife died less than two years after their marriage, and his second wife had extramarital affairs and accumulated a large gambling debt before leaving him.
Georg Philipp Telemann
Telemann is one of the most prolific composers in history (at least in terms of surviving oeuvre) and was considered by his contemporaries to be one of the leading German composers of the time—he was compared favorably both to his friend Johann Sebastian Bach, who made Telemann the godfather and namesake of his son Carl Philipp Emanuel, and to George Frideric Handel, whom Telemann also knew personally. As part of his duties, he wrote a considerable amount of music for educating organists under his direction. This includes 48 chorale preludes and 20 small fugues (modal fugues) to accompany his chorale harmonizations for 500 hymns. His music incorporates French, Italian, and German national styles, and he was at times even influenced by Polish popular music. He remained at the forefront of all new musical tendencies, and his music stands as an important link between the late Baroque and early Classical styles. The Telemann Museum in Hamburg is dedicated to him. 
Water Music (Telemann)
Water Music (" "), TWV 55:C3, is the common name of an orchestral suite by the German Baroque composer Georg Philipp Telemann, with the full title (Hamburg ebb and flood). Telemann composed the piece in ten movements to celebrate the centennial anniversary of the in a performance on 6 April 1723. The suite draws upon Hamburg's geographical location as an important and successful port on the river Elbe while Telemann illustrates the piece with mythological water deities and tone painting giving the nautical theme added depth. The overture begins by representing the physical movement of the ocean, followed by several dance movements: first, the sleeping sea goddess Thetis, the mother of Achilles, who then awakes; the sea god Neptune in love; playful water nymphs known as Naiads; Neptune's son and sea messenger Triton joking; Aeolus, ruler of the winds; and Zephir, god of the west wind. Two final pieces follow, one depicting the tides of Hamburg and finally, its happy sailors.

Question: Which University did the composer of the orchestra suite Water Music attend ?
Answer: University of Leipzig
Chien-gris
The Chien-gris a.k.a. Gris de Saint-Louis ("Grey Saint Louis Hound") was a breed of dog, now extinct, which originated in Medieval times. Like the Chien de Saint-Hubert, it was a scent hound, and formed part of the royal packs of France, which were composed, from about 1250 till 1470, exclusively of hounds of this type. According to King Charles IX, (1550–1574) they supposedly were introduced to France through Saint Louis (i.e. King Louis IX, 1226–1270), who had encountered these hounds while a prisoner during the Crusades, and subsequently received some as a gift. Old writers on hunting liked to ascribe an ancient and remote origin to their hounds, and these were claimed to be originally from Tartary. They were large, and, even though they did not have such good noses, were preferred by the Kings to the St Huberts, which were said to be only of medium size.
Chinese Crested Dog
The Chinese Crested Dog is a hairless breed of dog. Like most hairless dog breeds, the Chinese Crested Dog comes in two varieties, with and without fur, which are born in the same litter: the Powderpuff and the Hairless.

Question: Which breed of dog is now extinct: Chinese Crested Dog or the Chien-gris?
Answer: Chien-gris
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is known as latent tuberculosis. About 10% of latent infections progress to active disease which, if left untreated, kills about half of those affected. The classic symptoms of active TB are a chronic cough with blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. It was historically called "consumption" due to the weight loss. Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms.

Question: Roughly, what percentage of latent tuberculosis infections result in active tuberculosis?
Answer: 10%
Capacitor
The current "I"("t") through any component in an electric circuit is defined as the rate of flow of a charge "Q"("t") passing through it, but actual charges – electrons – cannot pass through the dielectric layer of a capacitor. Rather, one electron accumulates on the negative plate for each one that leaves the positive plate, resulting in an electron depletion and consequent positive charge on one electrode that is equal and opposite to the accumulated negative charge on the other. Thus the charge on the electrodes is equal to the integral of the current as well as proportional to the voltage, as discussed above. As with any antiderivative, a constant of integration is added to represent the initial voltage "V"("t"). This is the integral form of the capacitor equation:

Question: To what is the charge on the electrodes of a capacitor proportional to?
Answer: proportional to the voltage
A. R. Rahman
Allahrakka Rahman ( ; born A. S. Dileep Kumar on 6 January 1967), known professionally as A. R. Rahman, is an Indian composer, singer and music producer who works predominantly in Tamil and Hindi movies. He is nicknamed "Isai Puyal" (the musical storm) and Mozart of Madras". In 2010, the Indian government awarded him the Padma Bhushan, the nation's third-highest civilian award. Among Rahman's awards are six National Film Awards, two Academy Awards, two Grammy Awards, a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, fifteen Filmfare Awards and seventeen Filmfare Awards South.
A. R. Rahman
Rahman initially composed scores for different documentaries and jingles for advertisements and Indian television channels. With his in-house studio Panchathan Record Inn, Rahman's film-scoring career began during the early 1990s with the Tamil film "Roja". Rahman followed this with successful scores and songs for Tamil language films for the Chennai film industry, including Ratnam's politically-charged "Bombay", the urban "Kadhalan", "Thiruda Thiruda" and S. Shankar's debut film "Gentleman".
Kadhalan (soundtrack)
Kadhalan (  Loverboy ; ] ) is the soundtrack to the 1994 Tamil film of the same name, directed by Shankar. The soundtrack, features 9 songs composed by A. R. Rahman and lyrics penned by Vairamuthu, Vaali, Shankar and Thirikudarasappa Kavirayar.
Kadhalan (soundtrack)
This soundtrack earned A. R. Rahman national acclaim. New styles were experimented with, as in the song "Pettai Rap", a Madras bashai song which was written in a rap-like style, interspersing Tamil with English words. Owing to the success and immense national popularity of the song "Mukkabla", the soundtrack was subsequently dubbed in Hindi as "Humse Hai Muqabala" and in Telugu as "Premikudu". Lyrics for this versions were written by P. K. Mishra and Rajashri respectively. The Hindi version of the soundtrack, "Humse Hai Muqabala", sold 2.5 million units in India.

Question: Who is the director of the 1994 Tamil film which has the soundtrack Kadhalan, featuring 9 songs composed by an Indian composer, singer-songwriter, and philanthropist born as A. S. Dileep Kumar?
Answer: Shankar
Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016 film)
Alice Through the Looking Glass is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film directed by James Bobin, written by Linda Woolverton and produced by Tim Burton, Joe Roth, Suzanne Todd, and Jennifer Todd. It is based on the characters created by Lewis Carroll and is the sequel to the 2010 film "Alice in Wonderland", a live-action reimagining of Disney's 1951 animated film of the same name. The film stars Johnny Depp, Anne Hathaway, Mia Wasikowska, Matt Lucas, Rhys Ifans, Helena Bonham Carter, and Sacha Baron Cohen and features the voices of Stephen Fry, Michael Sheen, Timothy Spall, Barbara Windsor, Matt Vogel, Paul Whitehouse, and Alan Rickman in his final film role.
The Monkey's Uncle
The Monkey's Uncle is a 1965 Walt Disney production starring Tommy Kirk as genius college student Merlin Jones and Annette Funicello (former Mouseketeer from The Mickey Mouse Club) as his girlfriend, Jennifer. The title plays on the idiom "monkey's uncle" and refers to a chimpanzee named Stanley, Merlin's legal "nephew" (a legal arrangement resulting from an experiment to raise Stanley as a human); Stanley otherwise has little relevance to the plot. Jones invents a man-powered airplane and a sleep-learning system. The film is a sequel to the 1964 film "The Misadventures of Merlin Jones."

Question: Was Alice Through the Looking Glass made by the same company as The Monkey's Uncle?
Answer: no
Florida
As of 2010, those of Hispanic or Latino ancestry accounted for 22.5% (4,223,806) of Florida's population. Out of the 22.5%, the largest groups were 7.0% (1,528,046) Cuban, 4.6% (1,006,932) Colombian, 3.9% (847,550) Puerto Rican, and 2.9% (629,718) Mexican. Florida's Hispanic population includes large communities of Cuban Americans in Miami and Tampa, Puerto Ricans in Orlando and Tampa, and Mexican/Central American migrant workers. The Hispanic community continues to grow more affluent and mobile. Florida has a large and diverse Hispanic population, with Cubans and Puerto Ricans being the largest groups in the state. Nearly 80% of Cuban Americans live in Florida, especially South Florida where there is a long-standing and affluent Cuban community. Florida has the second largest Puerto Rican population after New York, as well as the fastest-growing in the nation. Puerto Ricans are more widespread throughout the state, though the heaviest concentrations are in the Orlando area of Central Florida.

Question: What is percentage of Puerto Ricans in Florida 
Answer: the second largest Puerto Rican population after New York, as well as the fastest-growing in the nation
Infrared
Heat is energy in transit that flows due to a temperature difference. Unlike heat transmitted by thermal conduction or thermal convection, thermal radiation can propagate through a vacuum. Thermal radiation is characterized by a particular spectrum of many wavelengths that are associated with emission from an object, due to the vibration of its molecules at a given temperature. Thermal radiation can be emitted from objects at any wavelength, and at very high temperatures such radiation is associated with spectra far above the infrared, extending into visible, ultraviolet, and even X-ray regions (e.g. the solar corona). Thus, the popular association of infrared radiation with thermal radiation is only a coincidence based on typical (comparatively low) temperatures often found near the surface of planet Earth.

Question: The visible, ultraviolet and X-ray spectra are all above what spectrum?
Answer: infrared
Pope Paul VI
In 1916, he entered the seminary to become a Catholic priest. He was ordained priest on 29 May 1920 in Brescia and celebrated his first Holy Mass in Brescia in the Basilica of Santa Maria delle Grazie. Montini concluded his studies in Milan with a doctorate in Canon Law in the same year. Afterwards he studied at the Gregorian University, the University of Rome La Sapienza and, at the request of Giuseppe Pizzardo at the "Accademia dei Nobili Ecclesiastici". In 1922, at the age of twenty-five, again at the request of Giuseppe Pizzardo, Montini entered the Secretariat of State, where he worked under Pizzardo together with Francesco Borgongini-Duca, Alfredo Ottaviani, Carlo Grano, Domenico Tardini and Francis Spellman. Consequently, he never had an appointment as a parish priest. In 1925 he helped found the publishing house Morcelliana in Brescia, focused on promoting a 'Christian-inspired culture'.

Question: In what year did Montini enter the Catholic seminary to become a priest?
Answer: 1916
Gerhard Thiele
Dr. Gerhard Paul Julius Thiele (born September 2, 1953) is a German physicist and a former ESA astronaut.
Claudie Haigneré
Claudie (André-Deshays) Haigneré (born 13 May 1957) is a French doctor, politician, and former astronaut with the Centre National d'Études Spatiales (1985–1999) and the European Space Agency (1999–2002).

Question: What agency have Claudie Haigneré and Gerhard Thiele both worked for?
Answer: European Space Agency
Disco Dancer
Disco Dancer is a 1982 Indian Bollywood musical drama film, written by Rahi Masoom Raza and directed by Babbar Subhash. It stars Mithun Chakraborty and Kim in the lead roles, with Om Puri and Rajesh Khanna in supporting roles. The film tells the rags-to-riches story of a young street performer from the slums of Bombay. The film is known for its filmi disco Bollywood songs, composed by Bappi Lahiri and written by Faruk Kaiser. Popular songs include "Jimmy Jimmy Jimmy Aaja" sung by Parvati Khan, "I am a Disco Dancer" sung by Vijay Benedict, "Yaad Aa Raha Hai" sung by Lahiri, and "Goro Ki Na Kaalo Ki" sung by Suresh Wadkar with Usha Mangeshkar.
Vijay Benedict
Vijay Benedict is an Indian Bollywood playback singer who provided playback for over 35 Bollywood films in the 1980s and early 1990s. He made his debut as a singer for the hit 1982 film "Disco Dancer" singing the popular title song "I Am a Disco Dancer" for actor Mithun Chakraborty. The film's director was Babbar Subhash and music director was Bappi Lahiri. He was frequently used as the playback singer for films starring Mithun Chakraborty which were directed by Babbar Subhash and music by Bappi Lahiri. He also worked with other music directors like Laxmikant Pyarelal, Anand-Milind and Nadeem-Shravan and sang for other actors like Govinda, Jackie Shroff and Aamir Khan. He has sung duets with female singers like Alisha Chinai, Asha Bhosle, Kavita Krishnamurthy, Parvati Khan, and male singers like Amit Kumar, and Kumar Sanu.

Question: Besides the title song, what song did Vijat Benedict sing in the musical movie Disco Dancer?
Answer: "Yaad Aa Raha Hai"
Data compression
Inter-frame coding works by comparing each frame in the video with the previous one. Individual frames of a video sequence are compared from one frame to the next, and the video compression codec sends only the differences to the reference frame. If the frame contains areas where nothing has moved, the system can simply issue a short command that copies that part of the previous frame into the next one. If sections of the frame move in a simple manner, the compressor can emit a (slightly longer) command that tells the decompressor to shift, rotate, lighten, or darken the copy. This longer command still remains much shorter than intraframe compression. Usually the encoder will also transmit a residue signal which describes the remaining more subtle differences to the reference imagery. Using entropy coding, these residue signals have a more compact representation than the full signal. In areas of video with more motion, the compression must encode more data to keep up with the larger number of pixels that are changing. Commonly during explosions, flames, flocks of animals, and in some panning shots, the high-frequency detail leads to quality decreases or to increases in the variable bitrate.

Question: What compression typically operate on square-shaped groups of pixels?
Answer: video
Iran
During the rest of World War II, Iran became a major conduit for British and American aid to the Soviet Union and an avenue through which over 120,000 Polish refugees and Polish Armed Forces fled the Axis advance. At the 1943 Tehran Conference, the Allied "Big Three"—Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill—issued the Tehran Declaration to guarantee the post-war independence and boundaries of Iran. However, at the end of the war, Soviet troops remained in Iran and established two puppet states in north-western Iran, namely the People's Government of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Mahabad. This led to the Iran crisis of 1946, one of the first confrontations of the Cold War, which ended after oil concessions were promised to the USSR and Soviet forces withdrew from Iran proper in May 1946. The two puppet states were soon overthrown and the oil concessions were later revoked.

Question: What happened which ended in two puppet states dissolving and Soviet withdrawal out of Iran after WWII?
Answer: the Iran crisis of 1946
Alabama Shakes
Alabama Shakes was an American blues rock band formed in Athens, Alabama in 2009. The band currently consists of lead singer and guitarist Brittany Howard, guitarist Heath Fogg, bassist Zac Cockrell, and drummer Steve Johnson. The group rose to prominence in the early 2010s with their distinctive and soulful roots rock sound. They have sold over 1.5 million albums in the US.
Sound & Color
Sound & Color is the second studio album by American rock band Alabama Shakes. It was released on April 17, 2015 via ATO Records, MapleMusic Recordings and Rough Trade Records.

Question: In what year was the band whose second studio album is "Sound & Color" formed?
Answer: 2009
Neptune
High-altitude clouds on Neptune have been observed casting shadows on the opaque cloud deck below. There are also high-altitude cloud bands that wrap around the planet at constant latitude. These circumferential bands have widths of 50–150 km and lie about 50–110 km above the cloud deck. These altitudes are in the layer where weather occurs, the troposphere. Weather does not occur in the higher stratosphere or thermosphere. Unlike Uranus, Neptune's composition has a higher volume of ocean, whereas Uranus has a smaller mantle.

Question: Where on Neptune does weather not occur? 
Answer: higher stratosphere or thermosphere
Federalism
The structures of most federal governments incorporate mechanisms to protect the rights of component states. One method, known as 'intrastate federalism', is to directly represent the governments of component states in federal political institutions. Where a federation has a bicameral legislature the upper house is often used to represent the component states while the lower house represents the people of the nation as a whole. A federal upper house may be based on a special scheme of apportionment, as is the case in the senates of the United States and Australia, where each state is represented by an equal number of senators irrespective of the size of its population.

Question: What does the structures of the federal government incorporate?
Answer: mechanisms to protect the rights of component states
Burgos Pointer
The Burgos Pointer ( ), also called the Burgalese Pointer, is a breed of dog native to Spain. Originating from Castile, especially in the province of Burgos, this hardy breed is used for hunting and has some outstanding features for small game.
Styrian Coarse-haired Hound
The Styrian Coarse-haired Hound (FCI No. 62), (German: "Steirische Rauhhaarbracke") is a breed of medium-sized hound dog originated in the Austrian province of Styria. It is bred as a scenthound, for hunting boar in mountainous terrain. The breed is one of the large Austrian Bracke.

Question: The Styrian Coarse-haired Hound and Burgos Pointer are both breeds of what animal?
Answer: dog
The Oregon Trail (2009 video game)
The Oregon Trail is a High Definition remake of the game developed and self-published on iOS in 2009 by Gameloft. The game was ported to DSiware the same year, followed by a number of other mobile operating systems and devices.
The Oregon Trail (series)
The Oregon Trail is a series of educational computer games. The first game was originally developed by Don Rawitsch, Bill Heinemann, and Paul Dillenberger in 1971 and produced by the Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium (MECC) in 1974. The original game was designed to teach school children about the realities of 19th-century pioneer life on the Oregon Trail. The player assumes the role of a wagon leader guiding a party of settlers from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon's Willamette Valley via a covered wagon in 1848.

Question: The Oregon Trail is a 2009 iOS and DSiware version of a computer game that was designed to teach school children about the realities of pioneer life in what century?
Answer: 19th-century
Microcredit
Microcredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to impoverished borrowers who typically lack collateral, steady employment, or a verifiable credit history. It is designed to support entrepreneurship and alleviate poverty. Many recipients are illiterate, and therefore unable to complete paperwork required to get conventional loans. As of 2009 an estimated 74 million people held microloans that totaled US$38 billion. Grameen Bank reports that repayment success rates are between 95 and 98 percent.
Jessica Jackley
Jessica Erin Jackley (born October 29, 1977) is an American entrepreneur who co-founded Kiva and later ProFounder, two organizations that promote development through microloans.

Question: Kiva is an organization that promotes development through a loan system with a repayment success rate of how much ?
Answer: between 95 and 98 percent
Out Here Grindin
"Out Here Grindin" is the first single from DJ Khaled's third studio album, "We Global". The track features American hip hop artists Akon, Rick Ross, Young Jeezy, Lil Boosie, Trick Daddy, Ace Hood and Plies. It was produced by The Runners and co-produced by Akon, with the hook written by T-Pain.
Plies (rapper)
Algernod Lanier Washington (born July 1, 1976), better known by his stage name Plies, is an American rapper and songwriter. He is the founder of Big Gates Records. Born in Fort Myers, Florida, Washington was a wide receiver on the football team of Miami University in Ohio in 1996 and 1997 before he became a rapper. After dropping out of college, he founded Big Gates with his stepbrother. Signed to Slip-n-Slide Records, from 2007 to 2008 he released three albums. Plies debuted in 2007 with "The Real Testament" with successful singles "Shawty" and "Hypnotized". Plies also released two albums in 2008, "Definition of Real" and "Da REAList", and later released "Goon Affiliated" in 2010.

Question: Featured on the album, "We Global," what record company is Plies the founder of?
Answer: Big Gates Records
Casino Jack and the United States of Money
Casino Jack and the United States of Money is a 2010 documentary film directed by Alex Gibney.
Darius Goes West
Darius Goes West: The Roll of his Life is a documentary by Logan Smalley about Darius Weems, a teenager living with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In the middle of 2005 Weems embarked on a 7,000 mile road trip across the United States from his hometown in Georgia to MTV Headquarters in Los Angeles to ask them to customize his wheelchair on Pimp My Ride, as well to promote awareness of the fatal disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and to raise money for research into a cure.

Question: Casino Jack and the United States of Money and Darius Goes West are both what?
Answer: documentary
Keep Sydney Open
Keep Sydney Open (KSO) is an organisation and political party based in Sydney, Australia, that advocates for issues surrounding the city's nightlife and night-time economy. The group is best known for its opposition to the Sydney lockout laws.
Sydney lockout laws
The Sydney lockout laws were introduced by the Government of New South Wales in February 2014 with the objective of reducing alcohol-fuelled violence. The legislation requires 1.30am lockouts and 3am last drinks at bars, pubs and clubs in the Sydney CBD entertainment precinct. The precinct, defined in regulations, is bounded by Kings Cross, Darlinghurst, Cockle Bay, The Rocks and Haymarket.

Question: The organisation Keep Sydney Open is best know for its opposition to laws intriduced in what year?
Answer: 2014
Cowie Castle
Cowie Castle is a ruined fortress in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The site lies at the northern end of Stonehaven on the North Sea coast. To the immediate south is the Cowie Bridge crossing of the Cowie Water. Evidence of prehistoric man exists in the vicinity dating to the Iron Age in the form of ring cairns.
Cowie Water
The Cowie Water ( ) is a river rising in the Grampian Mountains in [Kincardineshire], Scotland that discharges to the North Sea in the northern part of Stonehaven. south of the ruined Cowie Castle. Tributaries of the Cowie Water include the Burn of Monboys, which drains the area to the north, in which the archaeological site Raedykes Roman Camp is situated; and Cowton Burn.

Question: Cowie Water is south of which ruined fortress in Scotland?
Answer: Cowie Castle
Fences (play)
Fences is a 1985 play by American playwright August Wilson. Set in the 1950s, it is the sixth in Wilson's ten-part "Pittsburgh Cycle". Like all of the "Pittsburgh" plays, "Fences" explores the evolving African American experience and examines race relations, among other themes. The play won the 1987 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 1987 Tony Award for Best Play. The play was first developed at the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center's 1983 National Playwrights Conference and premiered at the Yale Repertory Theatre in 1985.
Mykelti Williamson
Michael T. "Mykelti" Williamson (born March 4, 1957) is an American actor best known for his roles in the films "Forrest Gump", "Con Air" and "Ali", and the television shows "Boomtown", "24", and "Justified". In 2016, he portrayed Gabriel Maxson in Denzel Washington's acclaimed film adaptation of August Wilson's play "Fences", reprising his role from the 2010 Broadway revival.

Question: Mykelti Williamson played Gabriel Maxson in a film adapted from a play that debuted at what theater?
Answer: Yale Repertory Theatre
L'Orfeo
L'Orfeo (SV 318) (] ), sometimes called La favola d'Orfeo ] , is a late Renaissance/early Baroque "favola in musica", or opera, by Claudio Monteverdi, with a libretto by Alessandro Striggio. It is based on the Greek legend of Orpheus, and tells the story of his descent to Hades and his fruitless attempt to bring his dead bride Eurydice back to the living world. It was written in 1607 for a court performance during the annual Carnival at Mantua. While Jacopo Peri's "Dafne" is generally recognised as the first work in the opera genre, and the earliest surviving opera is Peri's "Euridice", "L'Orfeo" is the earliest that is still regularly performed.
La Gioconda (opera)
La Gioconda is an opera in four acts by Amilcare Ponchielli set to an Italian libretto by Arrigo Boito (as Tobia Gorrio), based on "Angelo, Tyrant of Padua", a 1835 play in prose by Victor Hugo (the same source Gaetano Rossi had used for his libretto for Mercadante's "Il giuramento" in 1837).

Question: L'Orfeo and La Gioconda, are which form of dramatic play?
Answer: opera
Dominican Order
The first Dominican site in England was at Oxford, in the parishes of St. Edward and St. Adelaide. The friars built an oratory to the Blessed Virgin Mary and by 1265, the brethren, in keeping with their devotion to study, began erecting a school. Actually, the Dominican brothers likely began a school immediately after their arrival, as priories were legally schools. Information about the schools of the English Province is limited, but a few facts are known. Much of the information available is taken from visitation records. The "visitation" was a section of the province through which visitors to each priory could describe the state of its religious life and its studies to the next chapter. There were four such visits in England and Wales—Oxford, London, Cambridge and York. All Dominican students were required to learn grammar, old and new logic, natural philosophy and theology. Of all of the curricular areas, however, theology was the most important. This is not surprising when one remembers Dominic's zeal for it.

Question: Who did the friars build an oratory in honor of?
Answer: the Blessed Virgin Mary
Groningen (province)
Groningen (] ( ) ; ; ) is the northeasternmost province of the Netherlands. It borders on Friesland to the west, Drenthe to the south, the German state of Lower Saxony to the east, and the Wadden Sea to the north. As of November 2019, Groningen had a population of 585,881 and a total area of 2960 km2 .
De Wilp
De Wilp (West Frisian: "De Wylp") is a village in the Netherlands south of the town of Marum. It is largely located in the province of Groningen, but a few houses of the villages are in the municipality of Opsterland in Friesland.

Question: De Wilp is a northeastern village in the Netherlands on the border of Groningen and which other province?
Answer: Friesland
British Isles
The islands have been shaped by numerous glaciations during the Quaternary Period, the most recent being the Devensian. As this ended, the central Irish Sea was deglaciated and the English Channel flooded, with sea levels rising to current levels some 4,000 to 5,000 years ago, leaving the British Isles in their current form. Whether or not there was a land bridge between Great Britain and Ireland at this time is somewhat disputed, though there was certainly a single ice sheet covering the entire sea.

Question: What covered the sea between Ireland and Great Britian during the last glacier?
Answer: a single ice sheet
1221 Avenue of the Americas
1221 Avenue of the Americas (formerly also known as the McGraw-Hill Building) is an international-style skyscraper located at 1221 Sixth Avenue, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The 51-floor structure has a seven-storey base and a simple, cuboid massing. The intentionally featureless facade offers no decoration and consists of red granite piers alternating with glass stripes to underline the tower's verticality. There is a 35-meter setback from Sixth Avenue, featuring a sunken courtyard dominated by the 15-meter abstract steel sculpture named "Sun Triangle" by Athelstan Spilhaus. The tower's lobby is clad in dark red terrazzo and red marble, and is also decorated with aphorisms by Plato and John F. Kennedy. 
590 Madison Avenue
590 Madison Avenue also known as the IBM Building, is a 603 ft tall skyscraper at the corner of East 57th Street and Madison Avenue in New York City, New York. It was completed in 1983 and has 41 floors. The building cost US$250 million, has 1,007,420 sqft of floor area, has 24 elevators, and is the 129th tallest building in New York. Edward Larrabee Barnes & Associates designed the building, and IBM developed it. IBM sold the tower to Odyssey in 1994. As of December 2007, 98% of the building is leased.

Question: Are 1221 Avenue of the Americas and 590 Madison Avenue located in the same city?
Answer: yes