qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Nevada Test Site
The Nevada National Security Site (N2S2 or NNSS), known as the Nevada Test Site (NTS) until August 23, 2010, is a United States Department of Energy (DoE) reservation located in southeastern Nye County, Nevada, about 65 miles (105 km) northwest of the city of Las Vegas. Formerly known as the Nevada Proving Grounds, the site was established on January 11, 1951 for the testing of nuclear devices, covering approximately 1,360 square miles (3,500 km) of desert and mountainous terrain. Nuclear weapons testing at the Nevada Test Site began with a 1-kiloton-of-TNT (4.2 TJ) bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat on January 27, 1951. Over the subsequent four decades, over one thousand nuclear explosions were detonated at the NTS. Many of the iconic images of the nuclear era come from the NTS. NNSS is operated by Mission Support and Test Services, LLC.
Nevada Test Site
During the 1950s, the mushroom clouds, from the 100 atmospheric tests, could be seen from almost 100 mi away. The city of Las Vegas experienced noticeable seismic effects, and the mushroom clouds, which could be seen from the downtown hotels, became tourist attractions. St. George, Utah, received the brunt of the fallout of above-ground nuclear testing in the Yucca Flats/Nevada Test Site. Westerly winds routinely carried the fallout of these tests directly through St. George and southern Utah. Marked increases in cancers, such as leukemia, lymphoma, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, bone cancer, brain tumors, and gastrointestinal tract cancers, were reported from the mid-1950s through 1980. A further 921 nuclear tests were carried out underground.
Operation Teapot
Operation Teapot was a series of fourteen nuclear test explosions conducted at the Nevada Test Site in the first half of 1955. It was preceded by "Operation Castle", and followed by "Operation Wigwam". "Wigwam" was, administratively, a part of "Teapot", but it is usually treated as a class of its own. The aims of the operation were to establish military tactics for ground forces on a nuclear battlefield and to improve the nuclear weapons used for strategic delivery.

Question: Which operation was conducted at a test site which began with a 1-kiloton-of-TNT (4.2 TJ) bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat on 27 January 1951?
Answer: Operation Teapot
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Several performing arts groups and facilities are on the University of Michigan's campus, as are museums dedicated to art, archaeology, and natural history and sciences. Founded in 1879, the University Musical Society is an independent performing arts organization that presents over 60 events each year, bringing international artists in music, dance, and theater. Since 2001 Shakespeare in the Arb has presented one play by Shakespeare each June, in a large park near downtown. Regional and local performing arts groups not associated with the university include the Ann Arbor Civic Theatre, the Arbor Opera Theater, the Ann Arbor Symphony Orchestra, the Ann Arbor Ballet Theater, the Ann Arbor Civic Ballet (established in 1954 as Michigan's first chartered ballet company), The Ark, and Performance Network Theatre. Another unique piece of artistic expression in Ann Arbor is the fairy doors. These small portals are examples of installation art and can be found throughout the downtown area.

Question: When was the Ann Arbor civic Ballet established?
Answer: 1954
Videotelephony
Simultaneous videoconferencing among three or more remote points is possible in a hardware-based system by means of a Multipoint Control Unit (MCU). This is a bridge that interconnects calls from several sources (in a similar way to the audio conference call). All parties call the MCU, or the MCU can also call the parties which are going to participate, in sequence. There are MCU bridges for IP and ISDN-based videoconferencing. There are MCUs which are pure software, and others which are a combination of hardware and software. An MCU is characterised according to the number of simultaneous calls it can handle, its ability to conduct transposing of data rates and protocols, and features such as Continuous Presence, in which multiple parties can be seen on-screen at once. MCUs can be stand-alone hardware devices, or they can be embedded into dedicated videoconferencing units.

Question: In what way can an MCU be characterized?
Answer: the number of simultaneous calls it can handle
Qing dynasty
There was also another government institution called Imperial Household Department which was unique to the Qing dynasty. It was established before the fall of the Ming, but it became mature only after 1661, following the death of the Shunzhi Emperor and the accession of his son, the Kangxi Emperor. The department's original purpose was to manage the internal affairs of the imperial family and the activities of the inner palace (in which tasks it largely replaced eunuchs), but it also played an important role in Qing relations with Tibet and Mongolia, engaged in trading activities (jade, ginseng, salt, furs, etc.), managed textile factories in the Jiangnan region, and even published books. Relations with the Salt Superintendents and salt merchants, such as those at Yangzhou, were particularly lucrative, especially since they were direct, and did not go through absorptive layers of bureaucracy. The department was manned by "booi", or "bondservants," from the Upper Three Banners. By the 19th century, it managed the activities of at least 56 subagencies.

Question: Which emperor followed Shunzhi?
Answer: Kangxi
Norbert Siegmann
Norbert Siegmann (born 20 May 1953) is a retired German football player. He spent 11 seasons in the Bundesliga with VfB Stuttgart, Tennis Borussia Berlin and SV Werder Bremen. As of February 2009, he is managing the low-level amateur club SV Weser 08 Bremen. He is probably best known for seriously injuring Ewald Lienen in 1981. That foul was called "the best-known foul in the history of the Bundesliga".
Ewald Lienen
Ewald Lienen (born 28 November 1953) is a German former football player and current technical director of FC St. Pauli.

Question: The player famously injured by Norbert Siegmann in 1981 is currently serving as the technical director of what football club?
Answer: FC St. Pauli
Godfrey Reggio
Godfrey Reggio (born March 29, 1940) is an American director of experimental documentary films.
Brett Ratner
Brett Ratner (born March 28, 1969) is an American director and producer. He directed the "Rush Hour" film series, "The Family Man", "Red Dragon", "", and "Tower Heist". He was also a producer of several films, including the "Horrible Bosses" series, "The Revenant" and "War Dogs".
Brett Ratner
Ratner got his start directing with music videos in the 1990s, and directed his first motion picture, "Money Talks", in 1997. Overall, the films Ratner has directed have earned over $2 billion at the global box office. Ratner is the co-founder of RatPac Entertainment, a film production company. Ratner led RatPac's partnership with Dune Entertainment in September 2013 for a co-producing deal with Warner Bros. that included 75 films. In January 2017, Ratner received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion picture industry, located at 6801 Hollywood Boulevard.

Question: What makes Godfrey Reggio's style different than Brett Ratner's style?
Answer: is an American director of experimental documentary films.
Frank Frazetta
Frank Frazetta (born Frank Frazzetta ; February 9, 1928 – May 10, 2010) was an American fantasy and science fiction artist, noted for comic books, paperback book covers, paintings, posters, LP record album covers and other media. He is often referred to as the "Godfather" of Fantasy Art, and one of the most renowned illustrators of the 20th century. He was also the subject of a 2003 documentary "Painting with Fire".
Patrick J. Jones
Patrick J. Jones is a teacher, artist and author of several books on art. He is known for his online and live workshop figure drawing and oil painting methodology and fantasy art paintings. His style is often compared to Boris Vallejo and Frank Frazetta and his art has appeared on billboards in L.A, London, NYC, and Australia.

Question: Patrick J. Jones is often compared to another writer who was the subject of what that was released in 2003?
Answer: documentary
Racing Extinction
Racing Extinction is a 2015 documentary about the ongoing Anthropogenic mass extinction of species and the efforts from scientists, activists and journalists to document it by Oscar-winning director Louie Psihoyos, who directed the documentary "The Cove" (2009). The film received one Oscar nomination, for Best Original Song, and one Emmy nomination for Exceptional Merit in Documentary Filmmaking. "Racing Extinction" premiered at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival, followed by limited theater release, with worldwide broadcast premiere on The Discovery Channel in 220 countries or territories on December 2, 2015.
Football Under Cover
Football Under Cover is a 2008 German/Iranian documentary film directed by David Assmann and Ayat Najafi. It follows the attempts of German Marlene Assmann and Iranian Ayat Najafi to organise a football match between Assmann's team BSV Aldersimspor and the Iranian national woman's team.

Question: Are both Racing Extinction and Football Under Cover documentaries?
Answer: yes
Salil Chowdhury
Salil Chowdhury; 19 November 1922 - 5 September 1995) was an Indian songwriter, music director, lyricist , writer and poet, who predominantly composed for Bengali, Hindi, Malayalam films. He went on to compose music for films in 13 languages. This includes over 75 Hindi films, 41 Bengali films, around 27 Malayalam films, and a few Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Gujarati, Oriya and Assamese films. His musical ability was widely recognised and acknowledged in the Indian film industry. He was an accomplished composer and arranger who was proficient in several musical instruments, including flute, the piano, and the esraj. He was also widely acclaimed and admired for his inspirational and original poetry in Bengali.
Salil Chowdhury
The first Bengali film for which Chowdhury composed music was "Paribortan", released in 1949. "Mahabharati", released in 1994, was the last of the 41 Bengali films where he rendered his music. He is affectionately called "Salilda" by his admirers.
Musafir (1957 film)
Musafir () is a 1957 Hindi film written by Ritwik Ghatak and directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, being his directorial debut. The film is about a house and the lives of three families who live in it, so in essence, it is three stories linked by the house. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Kishore Kumar, Keshto Mukherjee, Suchitra Sen and Nirupa Roy. The music is by Salil Chowdhury.

Question: What name is called by his admirers  who is the music composer and created the music for the Hindi movie Musafir ?
Answer: Salilda
Tameside
The Metropolitan Borough of Tameside is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in North West England. It is named after the River Tame, which flows through the borough and spans the towns of Ashton-under-Lyne, Audenshaw, Denton, Droylsden, Dukinfield, Hyde, Mossley and Stalybridge plus Longdendale. Its western border is approximately 4 mi east of Manchester city centre. It borders High Peak in Derbyshire to the east, the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham to the north, the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport to the south, and the City of Manchester to the west. s of 2011 the overall population was 219,324. It is owned by Lord John Winterbottom of the Winterbottom family.
Belle Vue, Manchester
Belle Vue is an area of Manchester, England, east of the city centre, bordered by the Hope Valley Line on the east and the Glossop Line on the west. It is known for the former Belle Vue Zoological Gardens and Belle Vue Stadium.

Question: Belle Vue, Manchester borders a meto borough name after what river?
Answer: River Tame
Alexander Graham Bell
On June 21, 1880, Bell's assistant transmitted a wireless voice telephone message a considerable distance, from the roof of the Franklin School in Washington, D.C., to Bell at the window of his laboratory, some 213 m away, 19 years before the first voice radio transmissions.

Question: From what building was the first photophone message sent?
Answer: Franklin School
Hellenistic period
Hellenistic military equipment was generally characterized by an increase in size. Hellenistic-era warships grew from the trireme to include more banks of oars and larger numbers of rowers and soldiers as in the Quadrireme and Quinquereme. The Ptolemaic Tessarakonteres was the largest ship constructed in Antiquity. New siege engines were developed during this period. An unknown engineer developed the torsion-spring catapult (  360 BC ) and Dionysios of Alexandria designed a repeating ballista, the Polybolos. Preserved examples of ball projectiles range from . Demetrius Poliorcetes was notorious for the large siege engines employed in his campaigns, especially during the 12-month siege of Rhodes when he had Epimachos of Athens build a massive 160 ton siege tower named Helepolis, filled with artillery.

Question: What was the largest ship constructed in Antiquity?
Answer: Ptolemaic Tessarakonteres
IPod
In 2006 Apple presented a special edition for iPod 5G of Irish rock band U2. Like its predecessor, this iPod has engraved the signatures of the four members of the band on its back, but this one was the first time the company changed the color of the metal (not silver but black). This iPod was only available with 30GB of storage capacity. The special edition entitled purchasers to an exclusive video with 33 minutes of interviews and performance by U2, downloadable from the iTunes Store.

Question: What type of media was included with purchase of the U2 version of the iPod?
Answer: video
Werunda County
Werunda County is one of the 141 Cadastral divisions of New South Wales. The Darling River is the north-western boundary. It includes Poopelloe Lake, and the area to the east and south-east of Wilcannia.
Wilcannia
Wilcannia is a small town located within the Central Darling Shire in north western New South Wales, Australia. This was the third largest inland port in the country during the great river boat era of the mid-19th century. At the 2016 census , Wilcannia had a population of 549.

Question: The third largest inland port in Australia during the great river boat era of the mid-19th century is west and north-west to an area in a county in New South Wales that has what River as it's north-west boundry?
Answer: Darling River
Alfred North Whitehead
Wieman's words proved prophetic. Though "Process and Reality" has been called "arguably the most impressive single metaphysical text of the twentieth century," it has been little-read and little-understood, partly because it demands – as Isabelle Stengers puts it – "that its readers accept the adventure of the questions that will separate them from every consensus." Whitehead questioned western philosophy's most dearly held assumptions about how the universe works, but in doing so he managed to anticipate a number of 21st century scientific and philosophical problems and provide novel solutions.

Question: What philosophy in the west was challenged by Whitehead?
Answer: how the universe works
IPod
The iPod was released in late 2001. The iPod line came from Apple's "digital hub" category, when the company began creating software for the growing market of personal digital devices. Digital cameras, camcorders, and organizers had well-established mainstream markets, but the company found existing digital music players "big and clunky or small and useless" with user interfaces that were "unbelievably awful," so Apple decided to develop its own. As ordered by CEO Steve Jobs, Apple's hardware engineering chief Jon Rubinstein assembled a team of engineers to design the iPod line, including hardware engineers Tony Fadell and Michael Dhuey, and design engineer Sir Jonathan Ive. Rubinstein had already discovered the Toshiba hard disk drive while meeting with an Apple supplier in Japan, and purchased the rights to it for Apple, and had also already worked out how the screen, battery, and other key elements would work. The aesthetic was inspired by the 1958 Braun T3 transistor radio designed by Dieter Rams, while the wheel-based user interface was prompted by Bang & Olufsen's BeoCom 6000 telephone. The product ("the Walkman of the twenty-first century" ) was developed in less than one year and unveiled on October 23, 2001. Jobs announced it as a Mac-compatible product with a 5 GB hard drive that put "1,000 songs in your pocket."

Question: Which Apple engineer led original iPod design group?
Answer: Jon Rubinstein
Washington University in St. Louis
Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility, he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates. "These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues, and they allow us to help bring national and international attention to the St. Louis region as one of America's great metropolitan areas," said Wrighton.

Question: What was Chancellor Wrighton's initial sentiment to hosting another presidential debate at Washington University after 2004?
Answer: it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility
Exhibition game
Various auto racing organizations hold exhibition events; these events usually award no championship points to participants, but they do offer prize money to participants. The NASCAR Cup Series holds two exhibition events annually – the Advance Auto Parts Clash, held at Daytona International Speedway at the start of the season, and the All-Star Race, held at Charlotte Motor Speedway midway through the season. Both events carry a hefty purse of over US$1,000,000. NASCAR has also held exhibition races at Suzuka Circuit and Twin Ring Motegi in Japan and Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.

Question: Where is the Sprint All-Star Race held?
Answer: Charlotte Motor Speedway
FA Cup
Since the creation of the Football League in 1888, the final has never been contested by two teams from outside the top division, and there have only been eight winners who were not in the top flight: Notts County (1894); Tottenham Hotspur (1901); Wolverhampton Wanderers (1908); Barnsley (1912); West Bromwich Albion (1931); Sunderland (1973), Southampton (1976) and West Ham United (1980). With the exception of Tottenham, these clubs were all playing in the second tier (the old Second Division) – Tottenham were playing in the Southern League and were only elected to the Football League in 1908, meaning they are the only non-League winners of the FA Cup since the League's creation. Other than Tottenham's victory, only 24 finalists have come from outside English football's top tier, with a record of 7 wins and 17 runners-up: and none at all from the third tier or lower, Southampton (1902, then in the Southern League) being the last finalist from outside the top two tiers.

Question: What year did that take place? 
Answer: 1894
Israel
Israel is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons as well as chemical and biological weapons of mass destruction. Israel has not signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and maintains a policy of deliberate ambiguity toward its nuclear capabilities. The Israeli Navy's Dolphin submarines are believed to be armed with nuclear Popeye Turbo missiles, offering second-strike capability. Since the Gulf War in 1991, when Israel was attacked by Iraqi Scud missiles, all homes in Israel are required to have a reinforced security room, Merkhav Mugan, impermeable to chemical and biological substances.

Question: All homes in Israel are required to have a room called what?
Answer: Merkhav Mugan
James Buchanan
James Buchanan Jr. ( ; April 23, 1791June 1, 1868) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 15th president of the United States (1857–1861). He previously served as Secretary of State (1845–1849) and represented Pennsylvania in both houses of the U.S. Congress. He was a states' rights advocate, and minimized the role of the federal government in the nation's closing era of slavery. He is therefore consistently ranked by historians as one of the least effective presidents in history, for his failure to mitigate the national disunity that led to the American Civil War.
James Buchanan
Buchanan was a prominent lawyer in Pennsylvania and won his first election to the state’s House of Representatives as a Federalist. In 1820, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives and retained that post for 11 years, aligning with Andrew Jackson's Democratic Party. He served as Jackson's Minister to Russia (1832). He won election in 1834 as a U.S. senator from Pennsylvania and also held that position for 11 years. In 1845 he was appointed to serve as President James K. Polk's Secretary of State, and in 1853 he was named as President Franklin Pierce's Minister to the United Kingdom. 
John Elliott Ward
John Elliott Ward (October 2, 1814 – November 29, 1902) was an American politician and diplomat. He served as United States Attorney for Georgia, mayor of Savannah, Georgia, speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives, president of the Georgia State Senate, president of the 1856 Democratic National Convention, and United States Minister to China under James Buchanan. He resigned from his diplomatic post shortly after the outbreak of the American Civil War, returned to Savannah, and after the war, moved to New York City, where he practiced law for several years.

Question: In what year did the president under whom John Elliott Ward was United States Minister to China die?
Answer: 1868
Hungry Howie's Pizza
Hungry Howie's Pizza & Subs, Inc., also known as Hungry Howie's Pizza, is a franchise and the 11th largest pizza chain in the United States, with over 550 locations. Hungry Howie's products include pizza, calzone-style subs, chicken wings and tenders, bread, salads, and brownies. Its headquarters are located in Madison Heights, Michigan in Metro Detroit.
East of Chicago Pizza
East of Chicago Pizza is a restaurant chain based in Lima, Ohio offering different styles of pizza, buffalo wings, breadsticks, and subs. They have 80 restaurants in Ohio, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia, New York, Michigan and South Carolina. The first restaurant was opened in 1982 as the Greenwich Pizza Barn in Greenwich, OH.

Question: Which restaurant chain has more locations: Hungry Howie's Pizza or East of Chicago Pizza?
Answer: Hungry Howie's Pizza & Subs
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh is a 1977 American animated musical anthology film produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by Buena Vista Distribution. It is the 22nd Disney animated feature film and was first released on a double bill with "The Littlest Horse Thieves" on March 11, 1977.
Buddy Baker (composer)
Norman Dale "Buddy" Baker (January 4, 1918 – July 26, 2002) was an American composer who scored many Disney films, such as "The Apple Dumpling Gang" in 1975, "The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again" in 1979, "The Shaggy D.A." in 1976, "The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh" in 1977, and "The Fox and the Hound" in 1981.

Question: Buddy Baker scored which 1977 American animated film from the Walt Disney Company?
Answer: The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
Khyber News
Khyber News is a News amd Current Affairs Pashto satellite television channel in Pakistan, which was launched in August 2007. The channel broadcasts 24 hours a day, providing news, current affairs programs and informative programs to the Pashtun population of Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as those living in the Middle East, Europe, and Australia. Unlike most TV stations in Pakistan, Khyber News programs are only in Pashto language and English language.
Soran Singh
Soran Singh (died 22 April 2016) was a Pakistani Sikh doctor, TV anchor, politician and Minister of Minorities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Before joining Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf in 2011, he was a member of Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan for nine years. He was also member of Tehsil council, Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee and Evacuee Trust Property Board. He also hosted the programme "Za Hum Pakistani Yam" for three and a half years with Khyber News.
Soran Singh
He was gunned down in a targeted attack near his house on Friday, 22 April 2016. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police later arrested Baldev Kumar, who allegedly orchestrated Singh's murder due to political rivalry, and hired paid assassins for the purpose. Kumar wanted to contest elections from the same party on a reserved minority seat. He developed differences with Singh when the latter was picked for the seat. Kumar was acquitted by an anti-terrorism court in 2018 for lack of "solid evidence." Expressing his disquiet with the verdict, Soran's son Ajay Singh at the time had said: "We are dissatisfied with the verdict but due to lacking resources, it is impossible for us to challenge it in the superior courts." According to Ajay, the accused had also made confessional statements before the police and courts regarding the murder. Kumar alleged that he was wrongly accused because of his religion.

Question: Dr. Soran Singh hosted the program, "Za Hum Pakistani Yam" for three and a half years on what 24/7 satellite television station in Pakistan?
Answer: Khyber News
Anthony J. Culyer
Anthony John (Tony) Culyer CBE (born 1 July 1942) is a British economist, and Emeritus Professor of Economics at the University of York, visiting professor at Imperial College London and Adjunct Professor in Health Policy, Evaluation and Management at the University of Toronto, known for his work in the field of health economics.
University of York
The University of York (abbreviated as Ebor or York for post-nominals) is a collegiate research university, located in the city of York, England. Established in 1963, the university has expanded to more than thirty departments and centres, covering a wide range of subjects.

Question: Anthony John Culyer works for a college established in which year?
Answer: 1963
Glide Path
Glide Path is a novel by Arthur C. Clarke, published in 1963. Clarke's only non-science fiction novel, it is set during World War II and tells a fictionalized version of the development of the radar-based ground-controlled approach (called "ground-controlled descent" in the novel) aircraft landing system, and includes a character modeled on Luis Alvarez, who developed this system. It is based on Clarke's own wartime service with the Royal Air Force, during which he worked on the GCA project.
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918. Following the Allied victory over the Central Powers in 1918, the RAF emerged as the largest air force in the world at the time. Since its formation, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history. In particular, it played a large part in the Second World War where it fought its most famous campaign, the Battle of Britain.

Question: This organization, formed in 1918, boasted Arthur C. Clarke as one of its members.
Answer: Royal Air Force
Rule of law
Despite wide use by politicians, judges and academics, the rule of law has been described as "an exceedingly elusive notion". Among modern legal theorists, one finds that at least two principal conceptions of the rule of law can be identified: a formalist or "thin" definition, and a substantive or "thick" definition; one occasionally encounters a third "functional" conception. Formalist definitions of the rule of law do not make a judgment about the "justness" of law itself, but define specific procedural attributes that a legal framework must have in order to be in compliance with the rule of law. Substantive conceptions of the rule of law go beyond this and include certain substantive rights that are said to be based on, or derived from, the rule of law.

Question: What is the third and lesser referred to approach on defining the rule of law?
Answer: functional
Biodiversity
At present , the most threatened ecosystems occur in fresh water, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005, which was confirmed by the "Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment" organised by the biodiversity platform and the French "Institut de recherche pour le développement" (MNHNP).

Question: Where are the most threatened ecosystems found?
Answer: in fresh water
Pacoima, Los Angeles
Pacoima is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the northern San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles. Its name originates from the Fernandeño language and means "the entrance." It was given this name due to the large streams of water which flowed through the area down from the mountain canyons. 
San Fernando High School
San Fernando High School is a high school of the Los Angeles Unified School District. It is located in the Pacoima neighborhood of Los Angeles, in the northeastern San Fernando Valley, California. It is near and also serves the City of San Fernando.

Question: San Fernando High School is a high school of what school district, located in Pacoima one of the oldest neighborhoods in the northern San Fernando Valley?
Answer: Los Angeles Unified
The Sarah Jane Adventures
The Sarah Jane Adventures is a British science fiction television programme that was produced by BBC Cymru Wales for CBBC, created by Russell T Davies, and starring Elisabeth Sladen. The programme is a spin-off of the long-running BBC science fiction programme "Doctor Who" and is aimed at a younger audience than "Doctor Who". It focuses on the adventures of Sarah Jane Smith, an investigative journalist who, as a young woman, had numerous adventures across time and space with the Doctor.
Russell T Davies
Stephen Russell Davies (born 27 April 1963), better known as Russell T Davies, is a Welsh screenwriter and television producer whose works include "Queer as Folk", "Bob & Rose", "The Second Coming", "Casanova", the 2005 revival of the BBC One science fiction series "Doctor Who", and the trilogy "Cucumber", "Tofu", and "Banana".

Question: The Sarah Jane Adventures is a British science fiction television programme, that was produced by BBC Cymru Wales for CBBC, created by which Welsh screenwriter and television producer whose works include "Queer as Folk"?
Answer: Russell T Davies
New York City
The city's population in 2010 was 44% white (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5% Black or African American (23% non-Hispanic black), 0.7% Native American or Alaska Native, and 12.7% Asian. Hispanics or Latinos of any race represented 28.6% of the population, while Asians constituted the fastest-growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010; the non-Hispanic white population declined three percent, the smallest recorded decline in decades; and for the first time since the U.S. Civil War, the number of blacks declined over a decade. Throughout its history, New York has been a major port of entry for immigrants into the United States. More than 12 million European immigrants were received at Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924. The term "melting pot" was first coined to describe densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side. By 1900, Germans constituted the largest immigrant group, followed by the Irish, Jews, and Italians. In 1940, whites represented 92% of the city's population.

Question: What percentage of Africans make up NYC?
Answer: 25.5
Asphalt
The expression "bitumen" originated in the Sanskrit words "jatu", meaning "pitch", and "jatu-krit", meaning "pitch creating" or "pitch producing" (referring to coniferous or resinous trees). The Latin equivalent is claimed by some to be originally "gwitu-men" (pertaining to pitch), and by others, "pixtumens" (exuding or bubbling pitch), which was subsequently shortened to "bitumen", thence passing via French into English. From the same root is derived the Anglo-Saxon word "cwidu" (mastix), the German word "Kitt" (cement or mastic) and the old Norse word "kvada".

Question: To what word does the Anglo Saxon translate?
Answer: mastix
Alex Jennings
Alex Jennings (born 10 May 1957) is an English actor, who has worked extensively with the Royal Shakespeare Company and National Theatre. A three-time Olivier Award winner, he won for "Too Clever by Half" (1988), "Peer Gynt" (1996), and "My Fair Lady" (2003). He is the only performer to have won Olivier awards in the drama, musical and comedy categories. He played Prince Charles in the 2006 film "The Queen". His other film appearances include "The Wings of the Dove" (1997), "" (2004), "Babel" (2006) and "The Lady in the Van" (2015). He also played Edward VIII, the Duke of Windsor, in the critically acclaimed Netflix series "The Crown".
Ashenden (TV series)
Ashenden is a BBC1's four part TV series based on the 1927 spy novel, "", by W. Somerset Maugham, that aired from 17 November to 8 December 1991, directed by Christopher Morahan, with Alex Jennings in the title role, Joss Ackland as Cumming, Ian Bannen as 'R' and Jason Isaacs as Andrew Lehman. Guest actors included Harriet Walter as Giulia Lazzari in the first episode, Alan Bennett as Grantly Caypor in the second, René Auberjonois as John Quincy Harrington in the third, with Elizabeth McGovern as Aileen Sommerville and Alfred Molina as Carmona, the titular character, in the final story. A framing device at the start of each episode shows progressively more of an aged Ashenden living in France in the mid-1960s, reacting adversely to a piece of music on the radio. The final episode – which gives the context to this section – closes with a return to this "future" setting.

Question: Who is the three-time Olivier Award winner that also acted in "Ashenden"?
Answer: Alex Jennings
Old English
The first example is taken from the opening lines of the folk-epic "Beowulf", a poem of some 3,000 lines and the single greatest work of Old English. This passage describes how Hrothgar's legendary ancestor Scyld was found as a baby, washed ashore, and adopted by a noble family. The translation is literal and represents the original poetic word order. As such, it is not typical of Old English prose. The modern cognates of original words have been used whenever practical to give a close approximation of the feel of the original poem.

Question: Who was Hrothgar a descendant of?
Answer: Scyld
Computer
The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, used wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. In 1876, Lord Kelvin had already discussed the possible construction of such calculators, but he had been stymied by the limited output torque of the ball-and-disk integrators. In a differential analyzer, the output of one integrator drove the input of the next integrator, or a graphing output. The torque amplifier was the advance that allowed these machines to work. Starting in the 1920s, Vannevar Bush and others developed mechanical differential analyzers.

Question: In 1876 who lobbied for the construction of the differential analyzers?
Answer: Lord Kelvin
What the Water Gave Me (song)
"What the Water Gave Me" is a song by English indie rock band Florence and the Machine from their second studio album, "Ceremonials" (2011). The song was written by lead singer Florence Welch and Francis "Eg" White, and produced by Paul Epworth. It was released on 23 August 2011 as the first promotional single from "Ceremonials". After the band performed the song in Berkeley, California, on 12 June 2011, the studio version premiered on Florence and the Machine's official website. Welch decided to name the song "What the Water Gave Me" after seeing the Frida Kahlo painting of the same name. During an interview, she confirmed that the song was inspired by English writer Virginia Woolf.
What the Water Gave Me (painting)
What the Water Gave Me ("Lo que el agua me dio" in Spanish) is an oil painting by Frida Kahlo that was completed in 1938. It is sometimes referred to as What I Saw in the Water.

Question: What is both the name of a song and an oil painting by Frida Kahlo?
Answer: What the Water Gave Me
Pub
Most British pubs still have decorated signs hanging over their doors, and these retain their original function of enabling the identification of the pub. Today's pub signs almost always bear the name of the pub, both in words and in pictorial representation. The more remote country pubs often have stand-alone signs directing potential customers to their door.

Question: What piece of information is almost always listed on a pub sign?
Answer: the name of the pub
Erich Hartmann
Erich Alfred Hartmann (19 April 1922 – 20 September 1993) was a German fighter pilot during World War II and the most successful fighter ace in the history of aerial warfare. He flew 1,404 combat missions and participated in aerial combat on 825 separate occasions. He was credited with shooting down 352 Allied aircraft—345 Soviet and seven American—while serving with the Luftwaffe. During the course of his career, Hartmann was forced to crash-land his fighter 16 times due to either damage received from parts of enemy aircraft he had just shot down or mechanical failure. 
Erich Hartmann
Hartmann, a pre-war glider pilot, joined the Luftwaffe in 1940 and completed his fighter pilot training in 1942. He was posted to the veteran Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52) on the Eastern Front and was fortunate to be placed under the supervision of some of the Luftwaffe' s most experienced fighter pilots. Under their guidance, Hartmann steadily developed his tactics.
The Blond Knight of Germany
The Blond Knight of Germany is a book by the American authors Trevor J. Constable and Raymond F. Toliver dedicated to the life and career of the German fighter pilot of World War II, Erich Hartmann. Originally released in the United States in 1970, it was published in Germany the next year, as Holt Hartmann vom Himmel!.

Question: How many combat missions did the pilot on whom the book The Blond Knight of Germany is based 
Answer: 1,404
Sapsali
The Sapsali (삽살이) is a shaggy South Korean breed of dog. The word is followed in Korean by either "gae" (meaning "dog") or the suffix "ee" / "i", but is also romanized as "Sapsaree". Traditionally, these dogs were believed to dispel ghosts and evil spirits. 
New Zealand Heading Dog
The New Zealand Heading Dog is a working and herding dog that uses its visual prowess and quick movement to control sheep. Bred from Border Collies, Heading Dogs are a sturdy, long-legged and even-haired breed. They are generally black and white in color, but may also be tan.

Question: Are the origins from both the New Zealand Heading Dog, and the Sapsali from the same country?
Answer: no
Ivan Tors
Ivan Tors (born Iván Törzs; June 12, 1916 – June 4, 1983) was a Hungarian playwright, film director, screenwriter, and film and television producer with an emphasis on non-violent but exciting science fiction, underwater sequences, and stories involving animals. He started a Miami-based film studio now known as Greenwich Studios, and later a music company.
Jason Bateman
Jason Kent Bateman (born January 14, 1969) is an American actor, director, and producer. He began acting on television in the early 1980s on "Little House on the Prairie", "Silver Spoons", and "The Hogan Family". In the 2000s, he became known for his role of Michael Bluth on the sitcom "Arrested Development", for which he won a Golden Globe and a Satellite Award. He has also starred in the films "Teen Wolf Too" (1987), "The Break-Up" (2006), "Juno" (2007), "Hancock" (2008), "Up in the Air", "Couples Retreat", "Extract" (all 2009), "The Switch" (2010), "Horrible Bosses" (2011) and its sequel (2014), "The Gift" (2015), "Office Christmas Party", "Zootopia" (both 2016) and "Game Night" (2018).
Jason Bateman
Bateman made his directorial debut with the black comedy "Bad Words" (2013), in which he also starred. He has since directed and starred in "The Family Fang" (2015) and the Netflix crime drama series "Ozark" (2017–present). Bateman was awarded the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series in 2019 for his directing of "Ozark" and has won a Screen Actors Guild Award for his performance. In 2020, he directed and had a recurring role in the HBO miniseries "The Outsider".

Question: Are both Ivan Tors and Jason Bateman a filmmaker?
Answer: yes
Liberal Party of Australia
Following the 2007 federal election, Dr Brendan Nelson was elected leader by the Parliamentary Liberal Party. On 16 September 2008, in a second contest following a spill motion, Nelson lost the leadership to Malcolm Turnbull. On 1 December 2009, a subsequent leadership election saw Turnbull lose the leadership to Tony Abbott by 42 votes to 41 on the second ballot. Abbott led the party to the 2010 federal election, which saw an increase in the Liberal Party vote and resulted in the first hung parliament since the 1940 election.

Question: To whom did Nelson lose the party to in 2008?
Answer: Malcolm Turnbull
Ron Fricke
Ron Fricke is an American film director and cinematographer, specializing in time-lapse photography and large format cinematography. He was the director of photography for "Koyaanisqatsi" (1982) and directed the purely cinematic non-verbal non-narrative feature "Baraka" (1992). He designed and used his own 65 mm camera equipment for "Baraka" and his later projects. He also directed the IMAX films "Chronos" (1985) and "Sacred Site" (1986). He also worked as cinematographer for parts of the film "" (he was hired to shoot the eruption of Mt. Etna in Sicily for use in scenes of the volcanic planet Mustafar). 
Marc Evans
Marc Evans (born 1963) is a Welsh director of film and television, whose credits include the films "House of America", "Resurrection Man" and "My Little Eye".

Question: which film director directed the most films, Marc Evans or Ron Fricke?
Answer: Marc Evans
The 11th Hour (2007 film)
The 11th Hour is a 2007 documentary film on the state of the natural environment created, produced, co-written and narrated by Leonardo DiCaprio. It was directed by Leila Conners Petersen and Nadia Conners and financed by Adam Lewis and Pierre André Senizergues, and distributed by Warner Independent Pictures.
Best Friend Forgotten
Best Friend Forgotten is a 2004 American documentary film about pet overpopulation. The documentary, hosted by David Duchovny ("Californication", "X-files"), tells the stories of Oreo the cat and Clover the dog as they face the realities of pet overpopulation. Viewers are given a balanced look at the controversial practice of euthanasia and the alternative no-kill movement. Interviews discuss common myths about spaying and neutering, and leaders from government to animal rights groups discuss pet overpopulation and the impact on our society.

Question: Which film was hosted by an X Files actor, Best Friend Forgotten or The 11th Hour?
Answer: Best Friend Forgotten
Charlie Sheen
Carlos Irwin Estévez (born September 3, 1965), known professionally as Charlie Sheen, is an American actor. He has appeared in films such as "Platoon" (1986), "Wall Street" (1987), "Young Guns" (1988), "Eight Men Out" (1988), "Major League" (1989), "Hot Shots!" (1991), and "The Three Musketeers" (1993).
The Big Bounce (2004 film)
The Big Bounce is a 2004 American comedy heist film starring Owen Wilson, Charlie Sheen, Sara Foster and Morgan Freeman. It was directed by George Armitage and based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Elmore Leonard. Leonard's novel had previously been adapted for the big screen in a 1969 film of the same name directed by Alex March and starring Ryan O'Neal.

Question: In what year did Carlos Irwin Estevez appear in The Big Bounce?
Answer: 2004
Identity (social science)
At a general level, self-psychology is compelled to investigate the question of how the personal self relates to the social environment. To the extent that these theories place themselves in the tradition of "psychological" social psychology, they focus on explaining an individual's actions within a group in terms of mental events and states. However, some "sociological" social psychology theories go further by attempting to deal with the issue of identity at both the levels of individual cognition and of collective behaviour.

Question: Self-psychology is compelled to investigate how personal self relates to what?
Answer: the social environment
History of science
Mathematics: The earliest traces of mathematical knowledge in the Indian subcontinent appear with the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 4th millennium BC ~ c. 3rd millennium BC). The people of this civilization made bricks whose dimensions were in the proportion 4:2:1, considered favorable for the stability of a brick structure. They also tried to standardize measurement of length to a high degree of accuracy. They designed a ruler—the "Mohenjo-daro ruler"—whose unit of length (approximately 1.32 inches or 3.4 centimetres) was divided into ten equal parts. Bricks manufactured in ancient Mohenjo-daro often had dimensions that were integral multiples of this unit of length.

Question: What proportional size were the bricks that the civilization used?
Answer: 4:2:1
The Sinister Urge (film)
The Sinister Urge is a 1960 crime drama film that was written and directed by Ed Wood. The film was featured in season 6, episode 13 of the cult television show "Mystery Science Theater 3000" after the short educational film "Keeping Clean and Neat".
Ed Wood
Edward Davis Wood Jr. (October 10, 1924 – December 10, 1978) was an American filmmaker, actor, and author.

Question: What is the nationality of the filmmaker that wrote and directed The Sinister Urge?
Answer: American
Red
Red is the international color of stop signs and stop lights on highways and intersections. It was standardized as the international color at the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968. It was chosen partly because red is the brightest color in daytime (next to orange), though it is less visible at twilight, when green is the most visible color. Red also stands out more clearly against a cool natural backdrop of blue sky, green trees or gray buildings. But it was mostly chosen as the color for stoplights and stop signs because of its universal association with danger and warning. The 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968 uses red color also for the margin of danger warning sign, give way signs and prohibitory signs, following the previous German-type signage (established by Verordnung über Warnungstafeln für den Kraftfahrzeugverkehr in 1927).

Question: At what event did the color red become the standard color of stop lights?
Answer: Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968
Alan Rickman
Alan Sidney Patrick Rickman (21 February 1946 – 14 January 2016) was an English actor and director. Known for his tone and delivery, Rickman's signature sound was the result of a speech impediment when he could not move his lower jaw properly as a child. He trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London and became a member of the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), performing in modern and classical theatre productions. He played the Vicomte de Valmont in the RSC stage production of "Les Liaisons Dangereuses" in 1985, and after the production transferred to the West End in 1986 and Broadway in 1987 he was nominated for a Tony Award.
Alan Rickman
Rickman's first cinematic role was as the German terrorist leader Hans Gruber in "Die Hard" (1988). He also appeared as the Sheriff of Nottingham in "" (1991), for which he received the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role; Elliott Marston in "Quigley Down Under" (1990); Jamie in "Truly, Madly, Deeply" (1990); P.L. O'Hara in "An Awfully Big Adventure" (1995); Colonel Brandon in "Sense and Sensibility" (1995); Alexander Dane in "Galaxy Quest" (1999); Severus Snape in the "Harry Potter" series; Harry in "Love Actually" (2003); Marvin the Paranoid Android in "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (2005); and Judge Turpin in the film adaptation of Stephen Sondheim's musical of "" (2007).
The Winter Guest
The Winter Guest is a 1997 drama film directed by Alan Rickman and starring Phyllida Law and Emma Thompson.

Question: Which English actor and director who was involved with the 1997 film The Winter Guest also appeared in "Die Hard"?
Answer: Alan Rickman