qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Matchroom Sport
Matchroom Sport is a sporting event promotions company founded by English entrepreneur Barry Hearn and his son Eddie Hearn. It first came to attention in the sports of snooker and boxing and is also involved in pool, bowling, golf, fishing, darts, table tennis, poker and gymnastics. The company is based in Brentwood, Essex. Matchroom has a comprehensive broadcasting agreement in the United Kingdom with Sky Sports.
Championship League
Championship League is a non-ranking snooker tournament, devised by Matchroom Sport. The tournament was originally held at the Crondon Park Golf Club in Stock, Essex, from its debut in 2008 until 2016. From 2017–2018, it was held at the Ricoh Arena in Coventry. Luca Brecel is the reigning champion.

Question: Who founded the sport event promotions company that devises the non-ranking snooker tournament Championship League?
Answer: Barry Hearn
Jason Isaacs
Jason Michael Isaacs (born 6 June 1963) is an English actor and producer. He is best known for his roles as Lucius Malfoy in the "Harry Potter" film series, Colonel William Tavington in "The Patriot", Captain Hook in "Peter Pan", criminal Michael Caffee in the Showtime series "Brotherhood", Captain Waggoner in "Fury", Marshal Georgy Zhukov in "The Death of Stalin" and Vasili in "Hotel Mumbai". His other film roles include "Divorcing Jack" (1998), "The End of the Affair" (1999), "Sweet November" (2001), "The Tuxedo" (2002), "Nine Lives" (2005), "Friends with Money" (2006), "Good" (2008), "Green Zone" (2010), "Abduction" (2011), "A Single Shot" (2013), "After the Fall" (2014), "A Cure for Wellness" (2016) and "Skyfire" (2019).
Jason Isaacs
Isaacs' roles in television have included Dr. Hunter Aloysius "Hap" Percy in the Netflix supernatural series "The OA", Captain Gabriel Lorca in the first season of "", the voice of the Grand Inquisitor in "Star Wars Rebels" and the voice of Admiral Zhao in "". His other roles on television include "Capital City" (1989-1990), "Dangerous Lady" (1995), "The Fix" (1997), "Case Histories" (2011-2013), "Awake" (2012), "Rosemary's Baby" (2014) and "Dig" (2015). He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for "The State Within" (2006) and for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Harry H. Corbett in "The Curse of Steptoe" (2008).
Ashenden (TV series)
Ashenden is a BBC1's four part TV series based on the 1927 spy novel, "", by W. Somerset Maugham, that aired from 17 November to 8 December 1991, directed by Christopher Morahan, with Alex Jennings in the title role, Joss Ackland as Cumming, Ian Bannen as 'R' and Jason Isaacs as Andrew Lehman. Guest actors included Harriet Walter as Giulia Lazzari in the first episode, Alan Bennett as Grantly Caypor in the second, René Auberjonois as John Quincy Harrington in the third, with Elizabeth McGovern as Aileen Sommerville and Alfred Molina as Carmona, the titular character, in the final story. A framing device at the start of each episode shows progressively more of an aged Ashenden living in France in the mid-1960s, reacting adversely to a piece of music on the radio. The final episode – which gives the context to this section – closes with a return to this "future" setting.

Question: Which character in the Harry Potter Series was the role of the actor who portrayed Andrew Lehman in the miniseries Ashenden ?
Answer: Lucius Malfoy
Adolescence
The idea of self-concept is known as the ability of a person to have opinions and beliefs that are defined confidently, consistent and stable. Early in adolescence, cognitive developments result in greater self-awareness, greater awareness of others and their thoughts and judgments, the ability to think about abstract, future possibilities, and the ability to consider multiple possibilities at once. As a result, adolescents experience a significant shift from the simple, concrete, and global self-descriptions typical of young children; as children, they defined themselves by physical traits whereas adolescents define themselves based on their values, thoughts, and opinions.

Question: Greater self-awareness, greater awareness of others, and the ability to consider multiple possiblities at once are examples of what kind of developments?
Answer: cognitive
2004–05 ACF Fiorentina season
ACF Fiorentina returned to Serie A, following a two-year absence after the bankruptcy of the previous incarnation of the club. Fiorentina returned only due to the expansion in terms of the number of top-league teams, and therefore had to significantly strengthen the squad in pre-season. Dario Dainelli, Giorgio Chiellini, Hidetoshi Nakata, Fabrizio Miccoli, Martin Jørgensen, goalkeeper Cristiano Lupatelli, Enzo Maresca, Tomáš Ujfaluši and Javier Portillo were among the highly rated players to sign up for Fiorentina, either permanently or on loan. With this squad, Fiorentina was expected to challenge for a place on the top half of the table, but slipped into the relegation battle that affected more than half of the Serie A clubs during the dramatic season. In the end, a strong finish to the season under incoming coach Dino Zoff saved "La Viola" from relegation, with an emotional 3–0 victory against Brescia confirming their survival.
Giorgio Chiellini
Giorgio Chiellini (] ; born 14 August 1984) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a defender and captains both Serie A club Juventus and the Italy national team. A physically strong, aggressive, and versatile defender, although he is usually deployed as a centre-back, he is also capable of playing as a left-back, both in a three or four-man defence.

Question: The 2004–05 ACF Fiorentina season included the professional footballer who plays as a defender for which Serie A club?
Answer: Juventus
Korean War
The USAF countered the MiG-15 by sending over three squadrons of its most capable fighter, the F-86 Sabre. These arrived in December 1950. The MiG was designed as a bomber interceptor. It had a very high service ceiling—50000 ft and carried very heavy weaponry: one 37 mm cannon and two 23 mm cannons. The F-86 had a ceiling of 42000 ft and were armed with six .50 caliber (12.7 mm) machine guns, which were range adjusted by radar gunsights. If coming in at higher altitude the advantage of engaging or not went to the MiG. Once in a level flight dogfight, both swept-wing designs attained comparable maximum speeds of around 660 mi/h . The MiG climbed faster, but the Sabre turned and dived better.

Question: What plane did the US send to Korea to counter the power of the MiG-15?
Answer: F-86 Sabre
Tibet
The most important crop in Tibet is barley, and dough made from barley flour—called tsampa—is the staple food of Tibet. This is either rolled into noodles or made into steamed dumplings called momos. Meat dishes are likely to be yak, goat, or mutton, often dried, or cooked into a spicy stew with potatoes. Mustard seed is cultivated in Tibet, and therefore features heavily in its cuisine. Yak yogurt, butter and cheese are frequently eaten, and well-prepared yogurt is considered something of a prestige item. Butter tea is a very popular drink.

Question: What is a popular drink in Tibet?
Answer: Butter tea
Home (Leah McFall song)
"Home" is a song recorded by British singer Leah McFall, the runner-up on the second series of the BBC talent show "The Voice", featuring guest vocals from her show mentor will.i.am. Built around a sample from American indie folk band Edward Sharpe & The Magnetic Zeros's same-titled 2010 song, it was written and produced by Jean-Baptiste, Ryan Buendia, Michael McHenry, and will.i.am and released through Capitol Records on July 27, 2014. This song also featured in the latest film, "The Book of Life".
The Book of Life (2014 film)
The Book of Life is a 2014 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy adventure comedy film co-produced by Nickelodeon movie and paramount television studios, and distributed by paramount pictures . Co-written and directed by Jorge R. Gutierrez, it was produced by Aaron Berger, Brad Booker, Guillermo del Toro, and Carina Schulze. The film features the voices of Diego Luna, Zoe Saldana, Channing Tatum, Christina Applegate, Ice Cube, Ron Perlman, and Kate del Castillo. Based on an original idea by Gutierrez, the story follows a bullfighter who, on the Day of the Dead, embarks on an afterlife adventure to fulfill the expectations of his family and friends.

Question: What 2014 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy adventure comedy film features a song recorded by British singer Leah McFall?
Answer: The Book of Life
Big Ben
Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the striking clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London and is usually extended to refer to both the clock and the clock tower. The official name of the tower in which Big Ben is located was originally the Clock Tower; it was renamed Elizabeth Tower in 2012 to mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom.
Big Ben
The tower was designed by Augustus Pugin in a neo-Gothic style. When completed in 1859, its clock was the largest and most accurate four-faced striking and chiming clock in the world. The tower stands 315 ft tall, and the climb from ground level to the belfry is 334 steps. Its base is square, measuring 39 ft on each side. Dials of the clock are 23 ft in diameter. On 31 May 2009, celebrations were held to mark the tower's 150th anniversary.
Westminster Millennium Pier
Westminster Millennium Pier is a pier on the River Thames, in the City of Westminster in London, UK. It is operated by London River Services and served by various river transport and cruise operators. It is located next to Westminster Bridge on the north bank of the Thames, and is close to one of London's most prominent landmarks, Big Ben.

Question: Which London bridge is nearest to the Westminster Millennium Pier and Big Ben?
Answer: Westminster Bridge
Wilhelm O. Philipsen
Wilhelm O. Philipsen (1852–1913), a recipient of the Medal of Honor, served as a blacksmith in Company D of the U.S. Army’s 5th Cavalry Regiment during the Battle of Milk Creek in 1879. He was among 10 cavalrymen who volunteered to form a skirmish line on September 29, 1879 while Company D retreated from an attack by the White River Utes. Philipsen and the other volunteers were awarded the Medal of Honor for bravery in defending their unit during this retreat.
5th Cavalry Regiment
The 5th Cavalry Regiment ("Black Knights") is a historical unit of the United States Army that began its service on August 3, 1861, when an act of Congress enacted "that the two regiments of dragoons, the regiment of mounted riflemen, and the two regiments of cavalry shall hereafter be known and recognized, as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth regiments of cavalry respectively..." and continues in modified organizational format in the U.S. Army.

Question: The historical unit of the US Army that began its service before the Civil War fought in what battle in 1879?
Answer: Battle of Milk Creek
Alexander Graham Bell
Bell is also credited with developing one of the early versions of a metal detector through the use of an induction balance, after the shooting of U.S. President James A. Garfield in 1881. According to some accounts, the metal detector worked flawlessly in tests but did not find Guiteau's bullet, partly because the metal bed frame on which the President was lying disturbed the instrument, resulting in static. Garfield's surgeons, led by self-appointed chief physician Doctor Willard Bliss, were skeptical of the device, and ignored Bell's requests to move the President to a bed not fitted with metal springs. Alternatively, although Bell had detected a slight sound on his first test, the bullet may have been lodged too deeply to be detected by the crude apparatus.

Question: What did Bell think was wrong with the bed, which prevented his machine from finding the bullet?
Answer: metal bed frame
Portugal
With the emergence and growth of several science parks throughout the world that helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses, Portugal started to develop several science parks across the country. These include the Taguspark (in Oeiras), the Coimbra iParque (in Coimbra), the biocant (in Cantanhede), the Madeira Tecnopolo (in Funchal), Sines Tecnopolo (in Sines), Tecmaia (in Maia) and Parkurbis (in Covilhã). Companies locate in the Portuguese science parks to take advantage of a variety of services ranging from financial and legal advice through to marketing and technological support.

Question: For what reason to companies locate in the Portuguese science parks?
Answer: take advantage of a variety of services ranging from financial and legal advice through to marketing and technological support
Dwight D. Eisenhower
As a consequence of his heart attack, Eisenhower developed a left ventricular aneurysm, which was in turn the cause of a mild stroke on November 25, 1957. This incident occurred during a cabinet meeting when Eisenhower suddenly found himself unable to speak or move his right hand. The stroke had caused aphasia. The president also suffered from Crohn's disease, chronic inflammatory condition of the intestine, which necessitated surgery for a bowel obstruction on June 9, 1956. To treat the intestinal block, surgeons bypassed about ten inches of his small intestine. His scheduled meeting with Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was postponed so he could recover at his farm. He was still recovering from this operation during the Suez Crisis. Eisenhower's health issues forced him to give up smoking and make some changes to his dietary habits, but he still indulged in alcohol. During a visit to England he complained of dizziness and had to have his blood pressure checked on August 29, 1959; however, before dinner at Chequers on the next day his doctor General Howard Snyder recalled Eisenhower "drank several gin-and-tonics, and one or two gins on the rocks ... three or four wines with the dinner".

Question: Why did Eisenhower need surgery on June 9, 1956?
Answer: bowel obstruction
North Carolina
After 1800, cotton and tobacco became important export crops. The eastern half of the state, especially the Tidewater region, developed a slave society based on a plantation system and slave labor. Many free people of color migrated to the frontier along with their European-American neighbors, where the social system was looser. By 1810, nearly three percent of the free population consisted of free people of color, who numbered slightly more than ten thousand. The western areas were dominated by white families, especially Scots-Irish, who operated small subsistence farms. In the early national period, the state became a center of Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy, with a strong Whig presence, especially in the West. After Nat Turner's slave uprising in 1831, North Carolina and other southern states reduced the rights of free blacks. In 1835 the legislature withdrew their right to vote.

Question: The Tidewater region was in what half of North Carolina?
Answer: eastern
ATR 72
The ATR 72 is a twin-engine turboprop, short-haul regional airliner developed and produced in France and Italy by aircraft manufacturer ATR (Aerei da Trasporto Regionale or Avions de transport régional), a joint venture formed by French aerospace company Aérospatiale (now Airbus) and Italian aviation conglomerate Aeritalia (now Leonardo S.p.A.). The number "72" in its name is derived from the aircraft's standard seating configuration in a passenger-carrying configuration, which could seat 72–78 passengers in a single-class arrangement.
AvCraft Technical Services
AvCraft Technical Services was a Myrtle Beach, South Carolina U.S., based company that supplied maintenance and technical support services for owners/operators of Bombardier Dash 8, ATR 42, ATR 72 and Fairchild Dornier 328 turboprop and jet aircraft.

Question: AvCraft Technical Services was the leading supplier of maintenance and technical support services for this twin engine turboprop, short-haul regional airliner.
Answer: ATR 72
Rocky Balboa
Robert Balboa (also known by his ring name The Italian Stallion), is the title character of the "Rocky" film series. The character was created by Sylvester Stallone, who has also portrayed him in all eight films in the franchise. He is depicted as an everyman who started out by going the distance and overcoming obstacles that had occurred in his life and career as a professional boxer. While the story of his first film is loosely inspired by Chuck Wepner, a one-time boxer who fought Muhammad Ali and lost on a TKO in the 15th round, the inspiration for the name, iconography and fighting style came from boxing legend Rocco Francis "Rocky Marciano" Marchegiano, though his surname coincidentally also resembles that of Middleweight Boxing Champion Thomas Rocco "Rocky Graziano" Barbella.
Rocky statue in Žitište
The "Rocky" statue in Žitište, Serbia is one of the town's most iconic images. Located in town's center the statue of Rocky Balboa by Croatian artist Boris Staparac, it was erected in 2007. Canadian director Barry Avrich made a documentary film "Amerika Idol" which depicts the events that preceded the creation of the statue, as well as the ceremony of its installation. The film also features Sylvester Stallone who portrayed the character of Rocky in eight films and A. Thomas Schomberg who made the famous "Rocky" statue in Philadelphia.

Question: Who is the Rocky statue in Zitiste modeled after that also modeled his boxing style after Rocky Marciano?
Answer: Rocky Balboa
New Durham, New Hampshire
New Durham is a town in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,638 at the 2010 census. It is drained by the Merrymeeting , Cocheco and Ela rivers, and is known for Merrymeeting Lake. New Durham is home to the Powder Mill Fish Hatchery, located on Merrymeeting Road. Also located here is the Lions Club's Camp Pride, a camp for children and adults with special needs.
WNHI
WNHI (106.5 FM) is a Christian Worship formatted radio station. Licensed to Farmington, New Hampshire, the station's transmitter is located in New Durham, and studios are located in Rochester. The station serves the Portsmouth, New Hampshire area, and is currently owned by Educational Media Foundation.

Question: How many people might be immediately exposed to media from the New Hampshire radio station WNHI?
Answer: 2,638
Red Riding Hood (2011 film)
Red Riding Hood is a 2011 American romance horror film directed by Catherine Hardwicke, and produced by Leonardo DiCaprio, from a screenplay by David Leslie Johnson. The film is very loosely based on the folk tale "Little Red Riding Hood" collected by both Charles Perrault under the name "Le Petit Chaperon Rouge" ("Little Red Riding Hood") and several decades later by the Brothers Grimm as "Rotkäppchen" ("Little Red Cap"). It stars Amanda Seyfried as the title role, with Gary Oldman, Billy Burke, Shiloh Fernandez, Max Irons, Virginia Madsen, Lukas Haas and Julie Christie in supporting roles.
Red Riding Hood (2011 film)
"Red Riding Hood" had its world premiere at Hollywood on March 7, 2011 and was theatrically released on March 11, 2011, by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film received generally negative reviews from critics, with praise for Seyfried's performance and atmosphere but criticized its characters and story. It had grossed over $89 million worldwide against a $42 million budget.
Billy Burke (actor)
William Albert Burke (born November 25, 1966) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Charlie Swan in "Twilight" and its sequels. In 2011, he played Cesaire in "Red Riding Hood". In 2012, he was cast as one of the lead characters, Miles Matheson, in the NBC science-fiction series "Revolution". From 2015 to 2017, he starred in the CBS series "Zoo." He has also appeared in the supernatural horror film "Lights Out" (2016) and the thriller "Breaking In" (2018).

Question: The actor who played Charlie Swan in "Twilight" also played the character Cesaire in a film directed by who?
Answer: Catherine Hardwicke
Westminster Abbey
In the 1990s, two icons by the Russian icon painter Sergei Fyodorov were hung in the abbey. In 1997, the abbey, which was then receiving approximately 1.75 million visitors each year, began charging admission fees to visitors.

Question: What nationality was Sergei Fyodorov?
Answer: Russian
Incandescent light bulb
During ordinary operation, the tungsten of the filament evaporates; hotter, more-efficient filaments evaporate faster. Because of this, the lifetime of a filament lamp is a trade-off between efficiency and longevity. The trade-off is typically set to provide a lifetime of several hundred to 2,000 hours for lamps used for general illumination. Theatrical, photographic, and projection lamps may have a useful life of only a few hours, trading life expectancy for high output in a compact form. Long-life general service lamps have lower efficiency but are used where the cost of changing the lamp is high compared to the value of energy used.

Question: Which types of lamps may have particularly short lives?
Answer: Theatrical, photographic, and projection lamps
Battle of Leipzig
The Battle of Leipzig or Battle of the Nations ( , "Bitva narodov"; (] ( ) ); , ) was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813, at Leipzig, Saxony. The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia, led by Emperor Alexander I and Karl von Schwarzenberg, decisively defeated the "Grande Armée" of French Emperor Napoleon I. Napoleon's army also contained Polish and Italian troops, as well as Germans from the Confederation of the Rhine (mainly Saxony and Württemberg). The battle was the culmination of the German Campaign of 1813 and involved 500,000 soldiers, 2,200 artillery pieces, the expenditure of 200,000 rounds of artillery ammunition, and 127,000 casualties, making it the largest battle in Europe prior to World War I.
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Fürst von Wahlstatt (] ; 16 December 1742 – 12 September 1819), "Graf" (count), later elevated to "Fürst" (sovereign prince) von Wahlstatt, was a Prussian "Generalfeldmarschall" (field marshal). He earned his greatest recognition after leading his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

Question: Gebhard Leberecht von Blucher the Prussian Generalfieldmarschall led his army against this famous commander in the Battle of Lepzig?
Answer: Napoleon I
Somalis
Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing. During the Stone Age, the Doian and Hargeisan cultures flourished here with their respective industries and factories.

Question: What undeciphered writings were found alongside the rock paintings?
Answer: Inscriptions
Compact disc
The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album "Brothers in Arms". One of the first CD markets was devoted to reissuing popular music whose commercial potential was already proven. The first major artist to have their entire catalog converted to CD was David Bowie, whose first fourteen studio albums of (then) sixteen were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums; his fifteenth and sixteenth albums had already been issued on CD by EMI Records in 1983 and 1984, respectively. On February 26, 1987, the first four UK albums by the Beatles were released in mono on compact disc. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.

Question: Who first sold a million copies on CD?
Answer: Dire Straits
History of science
Ancient Egypt made significant advances in astronomy, mathematics and medicine. Their development of geometry was a necessary outgrowth of surveying to preserve the layout and ownership of farmland, which was flooded annually by the Nile river. The 3-4-5 right triangle and other rules of geometry were used to build rectilinear structures, and the post and lintel architecture of Egypt. Egypt was also a center of alchemy research for much of the Mediterranean. The Edwin Smith papyrus is one of the first medical documents still extant, and perhaps the earliest document that attempts to describe and analyse the brain: it might be seen as the very beginnings of modern neuroscience. However, while Egyptian medicine had some effective practices, it was often ineffective and sometimes harmful. Medical historians believe that ancient Egyptian pharmacology, for example, was largely ineffective. Nevertheless, it applied the following components to the treatment of disease: examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, which display strong parallels to the basic empirical method of science and, according to G.E.R. Lloyd, played a significant role in the development of this methodology. The Ebers papyrus (c. 1550 BC) also contains evidence of traditional empiricism.

Question: What did Egyptians use to better organize their farmland?
Answer: geometry
Legends of the Hidden Temple
Legends of the Hidden Temple is an American action-adventure TV game show that broadcast from 1993 to 1995 on Nickelodeon. Created by David G. Stanley, Scott A. Stone, and Stephen Brown, the program centered on a temple that was "filled with lost treasures protected by mysterious Mayan temple guards". Kirk Fogg was the host and served as the teams' guide while Dee Bradley Baker announced and voiced a talking Olmec who "knows the secrets behind each of the treasures in his temple". Six teams (Red Jaguars, Blue Barracudas, Green Monkeys, Orange Iguanas, Purple Parrots, Silver Snakes) of two children (one boy and one girl) competed to retrieve one of the historical artifacts in the temple by performing physical stunts and answering questions based on history, mythology, and geography.
Olmec colossal heads
The Olmec colossal heads are stone representations of human heads sculpted from large basalt boulders. They range in height from 1.17 to . The heads date from at least 900 BC and are a distinctive feature of the Olmec civilization of ancient Mesoamerica. All portray mature individuals with fleshy cheeks, flat noses, and slightly crossed eyes; their physical characteristics correspond to a type that is still common among the inhabitants of Tabasco and Veracruz. The backs of the monuments often are flat. The boulders were brought from the Sierra de Los Tuxtlas mountains of Veracruz. Given that the extremely large slabs of stone used in their production were transported over large distances (over 150 km ), requiring a great deal of human effort and resources, it is thought that the monuments represent portraits of powerful individual Olmec rulers. Each of the known examples has a distinctive headdress. The heads were variously arranged in lines or groups at major Olmec centres, but the method and logistics used to transport the stone to these sites remain unclear. They all display distinctive headgear and one theory is that these were worn as protective helmets, maybe worn for war or to take part in a ceremonial Mesoamerican ballgame.

Question: These heads of powerful talking Olmec rulers were featured in what Nickelodeon show which aired from 1993 to 1995?
Answer: Legends of the Hidden Temple
Cathode ray
Cathode rays (electron beam or e-beam) are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, glass behind the positive electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from the cathode (the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply). They were first observed in 1869 by German physicist Julius Plücker and Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, and were named in 1876 by Eugen Goldstein "Kathodenstrahlen", or cathode rays. In 1897, British physicist J. J. Thomson showed that cathode rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the "electron". Cathode-ray tubes (CRTs) use a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields to render an image on a screen.
Eugen Goldstein
Eugen Goldstein (5 September 1850 – 25 December 1930) was a German physicist. He was an early investigator of discharge tubes, the discoverer of anode rays, and is credited with the discovery of the proton. He was the great uncle of the violinists Mikhail Goldstein and Boris Goldstein.

Question: Cathode rays were first named by which German physicist?
Answer: Eugen Goldstein
Light-emitting diode
Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some flatbed scanners use arrays of RGB LEDs rather than the typical cold-cathode fluorescent lamp as the light source. Having independent control of three illuminated colors allows the scanner to calibrate itself for more accurate color balance, and there is no need for warm-up. Further, its sensors only need be monochromatic, since at any one time the page being scanned is only lit by one color of light.

Question: By using LEDs, scanners do not have to what?
Answer: warm-up
Gunnar Olsson (actor)
Gunnar Olsson (10 July 1904 – 16 September 1983) was a Swedish film actor and director. He was born in Oxelösund, Sweden.
Krishnan–Panju
R. Krishnan (1909–1997) and S. Panju (1915–1984), collectively referred to as Krishnan–Panju, were Indian film directors. The duo directed more than 50 films in South Indian languages and in Hindi.

Question: Krishnan–Panju and Gunnar Olsson, have a common industry occupation, it is what?
Answer: film
Gabriel Frasca
Frasca began cooking at the age of 15 on the North Shore of Massachusetts, but went to Kenyon College study journalism. Later on, he decided to become a chef, and by the age of 20 he was cooking French cuisine for James Beard Award winner named Gordon Hamersley at Hamersley’s Bistro. In 1996 he got a job at the Chez Henri in Cambridge, Massachusetts where he worked with Paul O’Connell and Amanda Lydon. By 1997 he and Lydon went to Provence, France where he worked at the "L’abbaye de Saint Croix". Later on, he worked with Michellin three-star chef Martin Berasategui in San Sebastián, Spain .He then went to "Dolomites" restaurant in Italy and worked there with Norbert Neiderkofler at "St. Hubertus", who, while he was there, got his first Michelin star.
North Shore (Massachusetts)
The North Shore is a region in the U.S. state of Massachusetts, loosely defined as the coastal area between Boston and New Hampshire. The region is made up both of a rocky coastline, dotted with marshes and wetlands, as well as several beaches and natural harbors. The North Shore is an important historical, cultural, and economic region of Massachusetts. It contains the cities of Salem, known worldwide as the site of the Salem Witch Trials; and Gloucester, site of Charles Olson's Maximus Poems, and of Sebastian Junger's 1997 creative nonfiction book "The Perfect Storm" and its 2000 film adaptation. Beverly was home to author John Updike until his death.

Question: What is this important historical, cultural, and economic region of Massachusetts that contains Salem and where Gabriel Frasca cooked at a young age?
Answer: North Shore
Cyprus
One of the features of Cypriot art is a tendency towards figurative painting although conceptual art is being rigorously promoted by a number of art "institutions" and most notably the Nicosia Municipal Art Centre. Municipal art galleries exist in all the main towns and there is a large and lively commercial art scene. Cyprus was due to host the international art festival Manifesta in 2006 but this was cancelled at the last minute following a dispute between the Dutch organizers of Manifesta and the Cyprus Ministry of Education and Culture over the location of some of the Manifesta events in the Turkish sector of the capital Nicosia.

Question: What year was Cyprus supposed to host the international art festival Manifesta?
Answer: 2006
Dianna Agron
Dianna Elise Agron ( ; born April 30, 1986) is an American actress, singer and dancer. In 2006, Agron made her television debut as Jessica Grant on "", as well as other small roles on television, such as Lexi in "Drake and Josh", who stuck her whole fist in her mouth. From 2006 to 2007, Agron had recurring roles on "Veronica Mars" as Jenny Budosh, and "Heroes" as Debbie Marshall. In 2009, Agron was cast as Quinn Fabray on the Fox musical comedy-drama series "Glee".
Big Brother (Glee)
"Big Brother" is the fifteenth episode and spring premiere of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee", and the fifty-ninth overall. Written by Michael Hitchcock and directed by Eric Stoltz, the episode first aired on Fox in the United States on April 10, 2012. It features the introduction of special guest star Matt Bomer as Blaine Anderson's (Darren Criss) elder brother Cooper, and the revelation of how badly injured Quinn Fabray (Dianna Agron) had been in the automobile accident that had ended the previous episode, "On My Way".

Question: The actress who plays Quinn Fabray in Glee was born in what year?
Answer: 1986
And Now Tomorrow
And Now Tomorrow is a 1944 American drama film based on the best-selling novel, published in 1942 by Rachel Field, directed by Irving Pichel and written by Raymond Chandler. Both center around one doctor's attempt for curing deafness. The film stars Alan Ladd, Loretta Young, and Susan Hayward. Its tagline was "Who are you that a man can't make love to you?". It is also known as Prisoners of Hope.
Susan Hayward
Susan Hayward (born Edythe Marrenner; June 30, 1917 – March 14, 1975) was an American actress and model. She was best known for her film portrayals of women that were based on true stories.

Question: Who directed a 1944 film starring an actress born June 30, 1917
Answer: Irving Pichel
Franco-Prussian War
The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on military thinking over the next forty years. Lessons drawn from the war included the need for a general staff system, the scale and duration of future wars and the tactical use of artillery and cavalry. The bold use of artillery by the Prussians, to silence French guns at long range and then to directly support infantry attacks at close range, proved to be superior to the defensive doctrine employed by French gunners. The Prussian tactics were adopted by European armies by 1914, exemplified in the French 75, an artillery piece optimised to provide direct fire support to advancing infantry. Most European armies ignored the evidence of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 which suggested that infantry armed with new smokeless-powder rifles could engage gun crews effectively. This forced gunners to fire at longer range using indirect fire, usually from a position of cover. The heavy use of fortifications and dugouts in the Russo-Japanese war also greatly undermined the usefulness of Field Artillery which was not designed for indirect fire.

Question: The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on what?
Answer: military thinking
Political corruption
Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.

Question: When these laws are broken, corrupt countries gain what in the international market?
Answer: illegitimate economic advantage
Database
As computers grew in speed and capability, a number of general-purpose database systems emerged; by the mid-1960s a number of such systems had come into commercial use. Interest in a standard began to grow, and Charles Bachman, author of one such product, the Integrated Data Store (IDS), founded the Database Task Group within CODASYL, the group responsible for the creation and standardization of COBOL. In 1971, the Database Task Group delivered their standard, which generally became known as the "CODASYL approach", and soon a number of commercial products based on this approach entered the market.

Question: What was the standard protocol called?
Answer: CODASYL approach
André Kuipers
André Kuipers (] ( ) ; born 5 October 1958) is a Dutch physician and ESA astronaut. He became the second Dutch citizen, third Dutch-born and fifth Dutch-speaking astronaut upon launch of Soyuz TMA-4 on 19 April 2004. Kuipers returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TMA-3 11 days later.
Philippe Perrin
Philippe Perrin (Colonel, French Air Force) (born January 6, 1963) is a French test pilot, engineer and former CNES and European Space Agency astronaut.

Question: Which astronaut is older, Philippe Perrin or André Kuipers?
Answer: André Kuipers
Age of Enlightenment
The word "public" implies the highest level of inclusivity – the public sphere by definition should be open to all. However, this sphere was only public to relative degrees. Enlightenment thinkers frequently contrasted their conception of the "public" with that of the people: Condorcet contrasted "opinion" with populace, Marmontel "the opinion of men of letters" with "the opinion of the multitude" and d'Alembert the "truly enlightened public" with "the blind and noisy multitude". Additionally, most institutions of the public sphere excluded both women and the lower classes. Cross-class influences occurred through noble and lower class participation in areas such as the coffeehouses and the Masonic lodges.

Question: Which two areas experienced criss-cross influences through noble and lower class participation?
Answer: coffeehouses and the Masonic lodges
The Holly and the Ivy
"The Holly and the Ivy" is a traditional British folk Christmas carol. The song is catalogued as Roud Folk Song Index No. 514.
Henry Ramsden Bramley
Henry Ramsden Bramley (4 June 1833 – February 1917) was an English clergyman and hymnologist perhaps best known for his collaborations with the composer Sir John Stainer. Along with earlier 19th-century composers such as William Sandys and John Mason Neale, Bramley and Stainer are credited with fuelling a Victorian revival of Christmas carols with their 1871 publication of Christmas Carols, New and Old, which popularised carols such as "The First Nowell", "God Rest You Merry, Gentlemen" and "The Holly and the Ivy".

Question: In what year did Henry Ramsden Bramley publish the song catalogued as Roud Fold Song Index No. 514?
Answer: 1871
Tina and Bobby
Tina and Bobby is a British television series based on the relationship between footballer Bobby Moore and Tina Moore. The three-part series was first broadcast on 13 January 2017 on ITV.
Bobby Moore
Robert Frederick Chelsea Moore {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (12 April 1941 – 24 February 1993) was an English professional footballer. He most notably played for West Ham United, captaining the club for more than ten years, and was the captain of the England national team that won the 1966 FIFA World Cup. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest defenders in the history of football, and was cited by Pelé as the greatest defender that he had ever played against.
Bobby Moore
Widely regarded as West Ham's greatest ever player, Moore played over 600 games for the club during a 16-year tenure, winning the FA Cup in 1963–64 and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1964–65. During his time at the club he won the FWA Footballer of the Year in 1964 and the West Ham Player Of The Year in 1961, 1963, 1968 and 1970. In August 2008, West Ham United officially retired his number 6 shirt, 15 years after his death.

Question: Which person cited by Pele as the greatest defender he had ever played was part of a British television series first broadcasting on 13 January 2017?
Answer: Bobby Moore
Antibiotic
The emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is a common phenomenon. Emergence of resistance often reflects evolutionary processes that take place during antibiotic therapy. The antibiotic treatment may select for bacterial strains with physiologically or genetically enhanced capacity to survive high doses of antibiotics. Under certain conditions, it may result in preferential growth of resistant bacteria, while growth of susceptible bacteria is inhibited by the drug. For example, antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes was demonstrated in 1943 by the Luria–Delbrück experiment. Antibiotics such as penicillin and erythromycin, which used to have a high efficacy against many bacterial species and strains, have become less effective, due to the increased resistance of many bacterial strains.

Question: Who made the demonstration in 1943?
Answer: Luria–Delbrück
American Idol
Ruben Studdard emerged as the winner, beating Clay Aiken by a small margin. Out of a total of 24 million votes, Studdard finished just 134,000 votes ahead of Aiken. This slim margin of victory was controversial due to the large number of calls that failed to get through. In an interview prior to the fifth season, executive producer Nigel Lythgoe indicated that Aiken had led the fan voting from the wildcard week onward until the finale.

Question: What was the name of the shows executive producer?
Answer: Nigel Lythgoe
Alicia Keys
Alicia Augello Cook (born January 25, 1981), known professionally as Alicia Keys, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, actress and philanthropist. A classically-trained pianist, Keys began composing songs by age 12 and was signed at 15 years old by Columbia Records. After disputes with the label, she signed with Arista Records, and later released her debut album, "Songs in A Minor", with J Records in 2001. The album was critically and commercially successful, producing her first "Billboard" Hot 100 number-one single "Fallin'" and selling over 16 million copies worldwide. The album earned Keys five Grammy Awards in 2002. Her second album, "The Diary of Alicia Keys" (2003), was also a critical and commercial success, spawning successful singles "You Don't Know My Name", "If I Ain't Got You", and "Diary", and selling eight million copies worldwide. The album garnered her an additional four Grammy Awards. Her duet "My Boo" with Usher became her second number-one single in 2004. Keys released her first live album, "Unplugged" (2005), and became the first woman to have an "MTV Unplugged" album debut at number one.
Alicia Keys
Her third album, "As I Am" (2007), produced the Hot 100 number-one single "No One", selling 7 million copies worldwide and earning an additional three Grammy Awards. In 2007, Keys made her film debut in the action-thriller film "Smokin' Aces". She, along with Jack White, recorded "Another Way to Die" (the title song to the 22nd official James Bond film, "Quantum of Solace"). Her fourth album, "The Element of Freedom" (2009), became her first chart-topping album in the UK, and sold 4 million copies worldwide. In 2009, Keys also collaborated with Jay Z on "Empire State of Mind", which became her fourth number-one single and won the Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration. "Girl on Fire" (2012) was her fifth "Billboard" 200 topping album, spawning the successful title track, and won the Grammy Award for Best R&B Album. In 2013, "VH1 Storytellers" was released as her second live album. Her sixth studio album, "Here" (2016), became her seventh US R&B/Hip-Hop chart-topping album. Her seventh studio album, "Alicia", is scheduled to be released in 2020.
Teenage Love Affair
"Teenage Love Affair" is a song by American R&B and soul singer–songwriter Alicia Keys from her third studio album, "As I Am" (2007). Written by Keys, Jack Splash, Matthew Kahane, and Harold Lilly, it was released as the album's third single in March 2008.

Question: When was the singer of Teenage Love Affair born? 
Answer: January 25, 1981
Tuberculosis
In Europe, rates of tuberculosis began to rise in the early 1600s to a peak level in the 1800s, when it caused nearly 25% of all deaths. By the 1950s mortality in Europe had decreased about 90%. Improvements in sanitation, vaccination, and other public-health measures began significantly reducing rates of tuberculosis even before the arrival of streptomycin and other antibiotics, although the disease remained a significant threat. In 1946 the development of the antibiotic streptomycin made effective treatment and cure of TB a reality. Prior to the introduction of this medication, the only treatment was surgical intervention, including the "pneumothorax technique", which involved collapsing an infected lung to "rest" it and to allow tuberculous lesions to heal.

Question: When did the incidence of TB in Europe reach its highest point?
Answer: 1800s
Friedrich Hayek
Hayek had a long-standing and close friendship with philosopher of science Karl Popper, who was also from Vienna. In a letter to Hayek in 1944, Popper stated: "I think I have learnt more from you than from any other living thinker, except perhaps Alfred Tarski". Popper dedicated his "Conjectures and Refutations" to Hayek. For his part, Hayek dedicated a collection of papers, "Studies in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics", to Popper and in 1982 said that "ever since his "Logik der Forschung" first came out in 1934, I have been a complete adherent to his general theory of methodology". Popper also participated in the inaugural meeting of the Mont Pelerin Society. Their friendship and mutual admiration do not change the fact that there are important differences between their ideas.

Question: Popper was present for which notable Mont Pelerin Society event?
Answer: the inaugural meeting
House music
With house music already important in the 1980s dance club scene, eventually house penetrated the UK pop charts. London DJ "Evil" Eddie Richards spun at dance parties as resident at the Clink Street club. Richards' approach to house focuses on the deep basslines. Nicknamed the UK's "Godfather of House", he and Clink co-residents Kid Batchelor and Mr. C played a key role in early UK house. House first charted in the UK in Wolverhampton following on from the success of the Northern Soul scene. The record generally credited as the first house hit in the UK was Farley "Jackmaster" Funk's "Love Can't Turn Around", which reached #10 in the UK singles chart in September 1986.

Question: what year did Farley Funk have his first UK hit?
Answer: 1986
States of Germany
Prussia and the other states in Northern and Central Germany united as a federal state, the North German Federation, on July 1, 1867. Four of the five southern German states (Bavaria, Württemberg, Baden and Hesse-Darmstadt) entered military alliances with Prussia but Austria did not. In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, those four states joined the North German Federation which was consequently renamed to German Empire. The parliament and Federal Council decided to give the Prussian king the title of German Emperor (since January 1, 1871). The new German Empire included 25 states (three of them, Hanseatic cities) and the imperial territory of Alsace-Lorraine. Within the empire, 65% of the territory and 62% of the population belonged to the state of Prussia.

Question: How much of the population did Prussia control?
Answer: 62%
Southampton
The importance of Southampton to the cruise industry was indicated by P&O Cruises' 175th-anniversary celebrations, which included all seven of the company's liners visiting Southampton in a single day. "Adonia", "Arcadia", "Aurora", "Azura", "Oceana", "Oriana" and "Ventura" all left the city in a procession on 3 July 2012.

Question: Which of the seven P&O cruise liners has a name that begins with "V"?
Answer: Ventura