qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Age of Enlightenment
Enlightenment historiography began in the period itself, from what Enlightenment figures said about their work. A dominant element was the intellectual angle they took. D'Alembert's "Preliminary Discourse of l'Encyclopédie" provides a history of the Enlightenment which comprises a chronological list of developments in the realm of knowledge – of which the "Encyclopédie" forms the pinnacle. In 1783, Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn referred to Enlightenment as a process by which man was educated in the use of reason. Immanuel Kant called Enlightenment "man's release from his self-incurred tutelage", tutelage being "man's inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another". "For Kant, Enlightenment was mankind's final coming of age, the emancipation of the human consciousness from an immature state of ignorance". The German scholar Ernst Cassirer called the Enlightenment "a part and a special phase of that whole intellectual development through which modern philosophic thought gained its characteristic self-confidence and self-consciousness". According to historian Roy Porter, the liberation of the human mind from a dogmatic state of ignorance, is the epitome of what the Age of Enlightenment was trying to capture.

Question: Which Jewish philosopher referred to Enlightenment as a process by which man was educated in the use of reason?
Answer: Moses Mendelssohn
IPod
iPods have been criticized for alleged short lifespan and fragile hard drives. A 2005 survey conducted on the MacInTouch website found that the iPod line had an average failure rate of 13.7% (although they note that comments from respondents indicate that "the true iPod failure rate may be lower than it appears"). It concluded that some models were more durable than others. In particular, failure rates for iPods employing hard drives were usually above 20% while those with flash memory had a failure rate below 10%. In late 2005, many users complained that the surface of the first-generation iPod Nano can become scratched easily, rendering the screen unusable. A class-action lawsuit was also filed. Apple initially considered the issue a minor defect, but later began shipping these iPods with protective sleeves.

Question: What website ran a survey to learn how often iPods ceased working?
Answer: MacInTouch
Kievan Rus'
The most prominent struggle for power was the conflict that erupted after the death of Yaroslav the Wise. The rival Principality of Polotsk was contesting the power of the Grand Prince by occupying Novgorod, while Rostislav Vladimirovich was fighting for the Black Sea port of Tmutarakan belonging to Chernihiv. Three of Yaroslav's sons that first allied together found themselves fighting each other especially after their defeat to the Cuman forces in 1068 at the Battle of the Alta River. At the same time, an uprising took place in Kiev, bringing to power Vseslav of Polotsk who supported the traditional Slavic paganism. The ruling Grand Prince Iziaslav fled to Poland asking for support and in couple of years returned to establish the order. The affairs became even more complicated by the end of the 11th century driving the state into chaos and constant warfare. On the initiative of Vladimir II Monomakh in 1097 the first federal council of Kievan Rus' took place near Chernihiv in the city of Liubech with the main intention to find an understanding among the fighting sides. However, even though that did not really stop the fighting, it certainly cooled things off.

Question: Where did the first federal council of Rus take place in 1097?
Answer: city of Liubech
East India Company
The company, which benefited from the imperial patronage, soon expanded its commercial trading operations. It eclipsed the Portuguese Estado da Índia, which had established bases in Goa, Chittagong, and Bombay – Portugal later ceded Bombay to England as part of the dowry of Catherine of Braganza on her marriage to King Charles II. The East India Company also launched a joint attack with the Dutch United East India Company (VOC) on Portuguese and Spanish ships off the coast of China, which helped secure EIC ports in China. The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690). By 1647, the company had 23 factories, each under the command of a factor or master merchant and governor, and 90 employees in India. The major factories became the walled forts of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St George in Madras, and Bombay Castle.

Question: the east india company changed how it did business by moving from  focusing on royal patronage to what type of business?
Answer: commercial trading operations
Plymouth
To the west of the city is Devonport, one of Plymouth's historic quarters. As part of Devonport's millennium regeneration project, the "Devonport Heritage Trail" has been introduced, complete with over 70 waymarkers outlining the route.

Question: In what cardinal direction outside Plymouth is Devonport located?
Answer: west
Chinese characters
While new characters can be easily coined by writing on paper, they are difficult to represent on a computer – they must generally be represented as a picture, rather than as text – which presents a significant barrier to their use or widespread adoption. Compare this with the use of symbols as names in 20th century musical albums such as "<ed Zeppelin IV< (1971) and "<ove Symbol Album< (1993); an album cover may potentially contain any graphics, but in writing and other computation these symbols are difficult to use.

Question: What can be difficult to represent on a computer?
Answer: characters
Armenia
In 1045, the Byzantine Empire conquered Bagratid Armenia. Soon, the other Armenian states fell under Byzantine control as well. The Byzantine rule was short lived, as in 1071 the Seljuk Empire defeated the Byzantines and conquered Armenia at the Battle of Manzikert, establishing the Seljuk Empire. To escape death or servitude at the hands of those who had assassinated his relative, Gagik II of Armenia, King of Ani, an Armenian named Ruben I, Prince of Armenia, went with some of his countrymen into the gorges of the Taurus Mountains and then into Tarsus of Cilicia. The Byzantine governor of the palace gave them shelter where the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was eventually established on 6 January 1198 under Leo I, King of Armenia, a descendant of Prince Ruben.

Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Manzikert for the Seljuk Turks?
Answer: conquered Armenia
Terrence Malick
Terrence Frederick Malick (born November 30, 1943) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.
Yves Allégret
Yves Allégret (13 October 1905 – 31 January 1987) was a French film director, often working in the film noir genre. He was born in Asnières-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine and died in Paris.

Question: Who was not only a director but also a screenwriter and producer, Yves Allégret or Terrence Malick?
Answer: Terrence Frederick Malick
The Freeman
The Freeman (formerly published as The Freeman: Ideas on Liberty or Ideas on Liberty) is a defunct American libertarian magazine, formerly published by the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE). It was founded in 1950 by John Chamberlain, Henry Hazlitt, and Suzanne La Follette. The magazine was purchased by a FEE-owned company in 1954, and FEE took over direct control of the magazine in 1956.
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs. Founded in 1922, the print magazine is currently published every two months, while the website publishes articles daily and anthologies every other month.

Question: What is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, The Freeman or Foreign Affairs?
Answer: Foreign Affairs
2008 Sichuan earthquake
Both the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange suspended trading of companies based in southwestern China. Copper rose over speculations that production in southwestern China may be affected, and oil prices dropped over speculations that demand from China would fall.

Question: What natural resource dropped in value?
Answer: oil
Political party
From the second half of the 20th century on parties which continued to rely on donations or membership subscriptions ran into mounting problems. Along with the increased scrutiny of donations there has been a long-term decline in party memberships in most western democracies which itself places more strains on funding. For example, in the United Kingdom and Australia membership of the two main parties in 2006 is less than an 1/8 of what it was in 1950, despite significant increases in population over that period.

Question: When did parties that relied on donations start to run into problems?
Answer: second half of the 20th century
Michael Crichton
John Michael Crichton ( ; October 23, 1942 – November 4, 2008) was an American author and filmmaker. His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide, and over a dozen have been adapted into films. His literary works are usually within the science fiction, techno-thriller, and medical fiction genres, and heavily feature technology. His novels often explore that technology and failures of human interaction with it, especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology. Many of his novels have medical or scientific underpinnings, reflecting his medical training and scientific background.
Physical Evidence
Physical Evidence is a 1989 American crime thriller film directed by Michael Crichton (in his final film as a director), and stars Burt Reynolds, Theresa Russell and Ned Beatty. It follows an ex-police officer who is incriminated by the evidence, but insists on his innocence.

Question: Physical Evidence starring Burt Reynolds was the last film directed by which celebrated thriller and sci-fi novelist?
Answer: Michael Crichton
Jean Epstein
Jean Epstein (] ; 25 March 1897 – 2 April 1953) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. Although he is remembered today primarily for his adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher", he directed three dozen films and was an influential critic of literature and film from the early 1920s through the late 1940s. He is often associated with French Impressionist Cinema and the concept of "photogénie".
Rex Wilson (director)
Rex Wilson (1873–1951) was a British film director of the silent era. until he was caught molesting a child actor on the set of his 1923 film, St. Elmo. Unable to find work, he moved to New Zealand to take up teaching.

Question: Were both Rex Wilson and Jean Epstein teachers?
Answer: no
David Niven
James David Graham Niven ( ; 1 March 1910 – 29 July 1983) was an English actor, memoirist and novelist. His many roles included Squadron Leader Peter Carter in "A Matter of Life and Death", Phileas Fogg in "Around the World in 80 Days", and Sir Charles Lytton ("the Phantom") in "The Pink Panther". He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in "Separate Tables" (1958).
Barbary Coast (film)
Barbary Coast is a 1935 American historical and drama film directed by Howard Hawks. Shot in black-and-white and set in San Francisco during the Gold Rush, the film combines elements of crime, Western, melodrama and adventure genres, featuring a wide range of actors, from good-guy Joel McCrea to bad-boy Edward G. Robinson, and stars Miriam Hopkins in the leading role as Mary 'Swan' Rutledge. In an early, uncredited appearance, David Niven plays a drunken sailor being thrown out of a bar.

Question: Barbary Coast features an early uncredited appearance of an actor born in which year ?
Answer: 1910
The Bronx
More than a century later, the Bronx would evolve from a hot bed of Latin jazz to an incubator of hip hop as documented in the award-winning documentary, produced by City Lore and broadcast on PBS in 2006, "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale." Hip Hop first emerged in the South Bronx in the early 1970s. "The New York Times" has identified 1520 Sedgwick Avenue "an otherwise unremarkable high-rise just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway" as a starting point, where DJ Kool Herc presided over parties in the community room. The 2016 Netflix series "The Get Down" is based on the development of hip hop in 1977 in the South Bronx. Ten years earlier, the Bronx Opera had been founded.

Question: Where is 1520 Sedgwick?
Answer: just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway
The Flood (Take That song)
"The Flood" is a song by British pop group Take That from their sixth studio album, "Progress" (2010). It was released as the lead single in the United Kingdom on 7 November 2010. The song is the first to feature Robbie Williams since his return to the band in July 2010, and features both Williams and Gary Barlow on lead vocals.
The Flood (Take That song)
The song received acclaim from critics, who praised its anthemic sound and Williams' vocals. It peaked at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart, and was a hit internationally, including reaching No. 1 in Portugal.
Progress (Take That album)
Progress is the sixth studio album by British band Take That. It is the band's final album to feature the classic five-piece, with the return of Robbie Williams since his initial departure from the band in 1995, joined only on this album, and the final album to feature Jason Orange due to his departure from the band in 2014. The album was released in the United Kingdom on 15 November 2010. And Take That's Final Album as a band before transolating into a pop trio in 2014.

Question: Which band's sixth studio album features both the only return appearance of Robbie Williams as well as the final appearance of Jason Orange?
Answer: Take That
Southampton
Town Quay is the original public quay, and dates from the 13th century. Today's Eastern Docks were created in the 1830s by land reclamation of the mud flats between the Itchen and Test estuaries. The Western Docks date from the 1930s when the Southern Railway Company commissioned a major land reclamation and dredging programme. Most of the material used for reclamation came from dredging of Southampton Water, to ensure that the port can continue to handle large ships.

Question: In what decade were the Eastern Docks that can be seen today created?
Answer: 1830s
Jenever
Jenever (] ( ) , ), also known as Hollands, genever, genièvre, peket, or sometimes as Dutch gin (archaic: Holland gin or Geneva gin), is the juniper-flavored traditional liquor in the Netherlands, Belgium and adjoining areas in northern France and northwestern Germany. The European Union regulations specify that only liquor made in these two countries, two northern French departments and two German federal states can use the name "jenever/genever/genièvre". Gin was developed in Britain after introduction of jenever to the island.
Ketel One
Ketel (Dutch for: "Pot still") One is a liquor brand of the Nolet Distillery in Schiedam, the Netherlands. Ketel One Vodka is distilled from 100% wheat in copper pot stills, filtered over loose charcoal, and rests in tile-lined tanks until ready. Ketel One Vodka is named after the original copper pot still, "Distilleerketel #1." The alcohol content of this spirit is 40% (80 proof (US), 70 degrees proof (international)). The Nolet Distillery also makes Ketel One Citroen, Ketel One Oranje, Ketel One Botanical (in the varietals Peach&Orange Blossom, Cucumber&Mint, and Grapefruit Rose) and Ketel 1 Jenever.

Question: Which Ketel One liquor is the only liquor that can use its name, according to European Union regulations?
Answer: Jenever
Kathmandu
The National Museum is in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in a historical building constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was "Chhauni Silkhana", meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.

Question: In what area of Kathmandu is the National Museum?
Answer: western
Ya'an
Ya'an (, Tibetan: Yak-Ngaགཡག་རྔ་ ) is a prefecture-level city in the western part of Sichuan province, China, located just below the Tibetan Plateau.
Jingdezhen
Jingdezhen is a prefecture-level city, in northeastern Jiangxi province, with a total population of 1,669,057 (2018), bordering Anhui to the north. It is known as the "Porcelain Capital" because it has been producing Chinese ceramics for at least 1,000 years, and for much of that period Jingdezhen porcelain was the most important and finest quality in China. The city has a well-documented history that stretches back over 2,000 years.

Question: Are Jingdezhen and Ya'an both prefecture-level cities in China?
Answer: yes
In Search of the Castaways (film)
In Search of the Castaways is a 1962 Walt Disney Productions feature film starring Hayley Mills and Maurice Chevalier in a tale about a worldwide search for a shipwrecked sea captain. The film was directed by Robert Stevenson from a screenplay by Lowell S. Hawley freely based upon Jules Verne's 1868 adventure novel "Captain Grant's Children".
In Search of the Castaways (film)
"In Search of the Castaways" was Hayley Mills' third film in the series of six for the Disney Studios.
Ice Princess
Ice Princess is a 2005 American figure-skating film directed by Tim Fywell, written by Hadley Davis from a story by Meg Cabot and Davis, and starring Michelle Trachtenberg, Joan Cusack, Kim Cattrall and Hayden Panettiere. The film focuses on Casey Carlyle, a normal teenager who gives up a promising future academic life in order to pursue her new-found dream of being a professional figure skater. The film was released on March 18, 2005. "Ice Princess" had an unsuccessful performance at the box office, grossing $24 million in the United States during its theatrical run against a production budget of $25 million.
Ice Princess
Casey Carlyle (Michelle Trachtenberg), a very smart and talented science student, plans to pursue a scholarship to Harvard University. For the scholarship, Casey must present a personal summer project about physics. While watching a figure skating competition with her mathematically inclined friend Ann, Casey realizes that her favorite childhood hobby, ice skating, would make a perfect project. She decides to try to improve her own skating by applying physics and what she has discovered from watching other skaters.

Question: Ice Princess and In Search of the Castaways, are entertainment of what type?
Answer: film
Portugal
The Army (21,000 personnel) comprises three brigades and other small units. An infantry brigade (mainly equipped with Pandur II APC), a mechanized brigade (mainly equipped with Leopard 2 A6 tanks and M113 APC) and a Rapid Reaction Brigade (consisting of paratroopers, commandos and rangers). The Navy (10,700 personnel, of which 1,580 are marines), the world's oldest surviving naval force, has five frigates, seven corvettes, two submarines, and 28 patrol and auxiliary vessels. The Air Force (7,500 personnel) has the Lockheed F-16 Fighting Falcon and the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet as the main combat aircraft.

Question: With what is the infantry brigade mainly equipped with?
Answer: Pandur II APC
University of Florida
The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida and traces its origins to 1853 and has operated continuously on its Gainesville campus since September 1906.
Tolbert Hall (Gainesville, Florida)
Benjamin A. Tolbert Hall built in 1950 is a historic building on the campus of the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, in the United States. It was designed by Guy Fulton in a modified Collegiate Gothic style to house the Faculty-in-Residence Community. It is named for Benjamin Tolbert, who served as dean of the students from 1928 - 1937.

Question: Who designed Tolbert Hall, the historic building on the campus of the University of Florida?
Answer: Guy Fulton
Alfred North Whitehead
Whitehead was unimpressed by this objection. In the notes of one of his students for a 1927 class, Whitehead was quoted as saying: "Every scientific man in order to preserve his reputation has to say he dislikes metaphysics. What he means is he dislikes having his metaphysics criticized." In Whitehead's view, scientists and philosophers make metaphysical assumptions about how the universe works all the time, but such assumptions are not easily seen precisely because they remain unexamined and unquestioned. While Whitehead acknowledged that "philosophers can never hope finally to formulate these metaphysical first principles," he argued that people need to continually re-imagine their basic assumptions about how the universe works if philosophy and science are to make any real progress, even if that progress remains permanently asymptotic. For this reason Whitehead regarded metaphysical investigations as essential to both good science and good philosophy.

Question: What did Whitehead ask people to reimagine in order for philosophy to make progress?
Answer: basic assumptions about how the universe works
Galicia (Spain)
In the early 20th century came another turn toward nationalist politics with "Solidaridad Gallega" (1907–1912) modeled on "Solidaritat Catalana" in Catalonia. Solidaridad Gallega failed, but in 1916 "Irmandades da Fala" (Brotherhood of the Language) developed first as a cultural association but soon as a full-blown nationalist movement. Vicente Risco and Ramón Otero Pedrayo were outstanding cultural figures of this movement, and the magazine "Nós" ('Us'), founded 1920, its most notable cultural institution, Lois Peña Novo the outstanding political figure.

Question: Which magazine advocated for Galician nationalism?
Answer: Nós
Leeuwarden
Leeuwarden ( , ] ( ) ; ] /] ( ) ; Town Frisian: "Liwwadden"; Leeuwarder dialect: "Leewarden") is a city and municipality in Friesland in the Netherlands. It is the provincial capital and seat of the States of Friesland. The municipality has a population of 122,293.
Johannes Jelgerhuis
Johannes Jelgerhuis (1770 in Leeuwarden – 6 October 1836 in Amsterdam), was a 19th-century painter and actor from the Northern Netherlands.

Question: Johannes Jelgerhuis, was born in which city and municipality with a population of 108,249 in Friesland in the Netherlands?
Answer: Leeuwarden
Frew McMillan
Frew Donald McMillan (born 20 May 1942) is a former professional male tennis player from South Africa who won five major doubles championships including three Wimbledons with Bob Hewitt. Altogether, he won 63 doubles titles, surpassed only by the Bryan brothers, Todd Woodbridge, John McEnroe and Tom Okker. He was also ranked No.1 in Doubles on the ATP Computer for a significant period from 1977 to 1979 when he was aged 37.
Roy Emerson
Roy Stanley Emerson {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 3 November 1936) is an Australian former tennis player who won 12 Grand Slam singles titles and 16 Grand Slam doubles titles, for a total of 28 Grand Slam tournament titles. He is the only male player to have completed a career Grand Slam (winning titles at all four Grand Slam events) in both singles and doubles, and first of two men (the other being Rod Laver) to have completed a double career Grand Slam in singles. His 28 major titles are the all-time record for a male player. In 1964, he was ranked world No. 1.
Roy Emerson
Emerson was the first male player to win 12 majors. He held that record for 30 years until it was passed by Pete Sampras in 2000 and later by Federer, Nadal and Djokoivc. He also held the record of six Australian Open men's singles titles until 2019 when Novak Djokovic won his seventh title. Emerson won five of them consecutively (1963–67), a record still unbroken to this day. Emerson is one of only five tennis players all-time to win multiple slam sets in two disciplines, only matched by Frank Sedgman, Margaret Court, Martina Navratilova and Serena Williams.

Question: Roy Emerson and Frew McMillan played what sport?
Answer: tennis
Insect
Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the visible light wavelengths. Color vision has been demonstrated in many species and phylogenetic analysis suggests that UV-green-blue trichromacy existed from at least the Devonian period between 416 and 359 million years ago.

Question: Many insects are able to see visible light, ultraviolet, and what other kind of light?
Answer: infrared
IPod
Beginning in mid-2007, four major airlines, United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, reached agreements to install iPod seat connections. The free service will allow passengers to power and charge an iPod, and view video and music libraries on individual seat-back displays. Originally KLM and Air France were reported to be part of the deal with Apple, but they later released statements explaining that they were only contemplating the possibility of incorporating such systems.

Question: Where can people using iPods on planes view the device's interface?
Answer: individual seat-back displays
Tom Monaghan
Thomas Stephen Monaghan (born March 25, 1937) is an American entrepreneur who founded Domino's Pizza in 1960. He owned the Detroit Tigers from 1983 to 1992. Monaghan also owns the Domino's Farms Office Park, located in the Ann Arbor Charter Township, Michigan, which he first started building during 1984.
Tom Monaghan
Monaghan is Catholic and announced his retirement in 1998 after 38 years with Domino's Pizza Inc. Monaghan sold 93 percent of the company to Bain Capital, Inc. for about $1 billion, ceased being involved in day-to-day operations of the company, and subsequently dedicated his time and considerable fortune to Catholic causes. A champion of the pro-life movement and other Catholic teachings "to combat the nation's 'moral crisis'", Monaghan has spent hundreds of millions of dollars promoting them.
Ave Maria University
Ave Maria University (AMU) is a private Catholic university in Ave Maria, Florida. Ave Maria University shares its history with the former Ave Maria College in Ypsilanti, Michigan, which was founded in 1998 and closed in 2007. The school was founded by Tom Monaghan, the founder of Domino's Pizza.

Question: Ave Maria University was started by the pizza magnate whose business was founded in what year?
Answer: 1960
Data compression
Compression is useful because it reduces resources required to store and transmit data. Computational resources are consumed in the compression and decompression processes. Data compression is subject to a space–time complexity trade-off. For instance, a compression scheme for video may require expensive hardware for the video to be decompressed fast enough to be viewed as it is being decompressed, and the option to decompress the video in full before watching it may be inconvenient or require additional storage. The design of data compression schemes involves trade-offs among various factors, including the degree of compression, the amount of distortion introduced (when using lossy data compression), and the computational resources required to compress and decompress the data.

Question: What helps reduce resource usage?
Answer: Compression
Progress in Optics
Progress in Optics are a series of books edited by Emil Wolf published by Elsevier. They consist of collections of already published review articles deemed to be representative of the advances made in the fields of optics.
Emil Wolf
Emil Wolf (July 30, 1922 – June 2, 2018) was a Czech-born American physicist who made advancements in physical optics, including diffraction, coherence properties of optical fields, spectroscopy of partially coherent radiation, and the theory of direct scattering and inverse scattering. He was also the author of numerous other contributions to optics.

Question: What is the nationality of the author of Progress in Optics?
Answer: American
Bird
The oldest known paravian (and probably the earliest avialan) fossils come from the Tiaojishan Formation of China, which has been dated to the late Jurassic period (Oxfordian stage), about 160 million years ago. The avialan species from this time period include "Anchiornis huxleyi", "Xiaotingia zhengi", and "Aurornis xui".

Question: How long ago was the late Jurassic period?
Answer: about 160 million years ago
Jason Gould
Jason Emanuel Gould (born December 29, 1966) is an American actor, director, producer, writer, and singer.
Partners (Barbra Streisand album)
Partners is the thirty-fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Barbra Streisand, released on September 16, 2014 by Columbia Records. The album features Streisand singing duets with an all-male lineup including Stevie Wonder, Michael Bublé, Billy Joel, John Legend, John Mayer, Andrea Bocelli, Lionel Richie, and, from an earlier recording, Elvis Presley. The collection also features Streisand's first studio-recorded duet with her now 47-year-old son, Jason Gould. The album release was promoted on "The Tonight Show", where Streisand was the evening's sole guest and sang a medley with host Jimmy Fallon.

Question: Partners is the thirty-fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Barbra Streisand, the collection features her first studio-recorded duet with her American son, his name?
Answer: Jason Gould
Freemasonry
Since the founding of Freemasonry, many Bishops of the Church of England have been Freemasons, such as Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher. In the past, few members of the Church of England would have seen any incongruity in concurrently adhering to Anglican Christianity and practising Freemasonry. In recent decades, however, reservations about Freemasonry have increased within Anglicanism, perhaps due to the increasing prominence of the evangelical wing of the church. The former Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Rowan Williams, appeared to harbour some reservations about Masonic ritual, whilst being anxious to avoid causing offence to Freemasons inside and outside the Church of England. In 2003 he felt it necessary to apologise to British Freemasons after he said that their beliefs were incompatible with Christianity and that he had barred the appointment of Freemasons to senior posts in his diocese when he was Bishop of Monmouth.

Question: What former Archbishop of Canterbury has reservations about the Freemasons?
Answer: Dr Rowan Williams
BeiDou
The first satellite of the second-generation system, Compass-M1 was launched in 2007. It was followed by further nine satellites during 2009–2011, achieving functional regional coverage. A total of 16 satellites were launched during this phase.

Question: When was the Compass-M1 satellite launced?
Answer: 2007
Beyoncé
Beyoncé's music is generally R&B, pop and hip hop but she also incorporates soul and funk into her songs. "4" demonstrated Beyoncé's exploration of 1990s-style R&B, as well as further use of soul and hip hop than compared to previous releases. While she almost exclusively releases English songs, Beyoncé recorded several Spanish songs for "Irreemplazable" (re-recordings of songs from "B'Day" for a Spanish-language audience), and the re-release of "B'Day". To record these, Beyoncé was coached phonetically by American record producer Rudy Perez.

Question: Music from Beyonce is generally categorized as what genre?
Answer: R&B
Alexander Graham Bell
At age 19, Bell wrote a report on his work and sent it to philologist Alexander Ellis, a colleague of his father (who would later be portrayed as Professor Henry Higgins in "Pygmalion"). Ellis immediately wrote back indicating that the experiments were similar to existing work in Germany, and also lent Bell a copy of Hermann von Helmholtz's work, "The Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music".

Question: What fictional character is based on Alexander Ellis?
Answer: Professor Henry Higgins
Kate McKinnon
Kathryn McKinnon Berthold (born January 6, 1984) is an American actress, comedian and writer. She is known for her character work and celebrity impressions on the sketch comedy series "The Big Gay Sketch Show" (2007–2010) and "Saturday Night Live" (2012–present). McKinnon has appeared in films such as "Balls Out" (2014), "Ghostbusters" (2016), "Office Christmas Party" (2016), "Rough Night" (2017), "The Spy Who Dumped Me" (2018), "Yesterday" (2019), and "Bombshell" (2019).
Kate McKinnon
McKinnon has been nominated for seven Primetime Emmy Awards, including one for Outstanding Original Music and Lyrics and six for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, winning in 2016 and 2017.
Office Christmas Party
Office Christmas Party is a 2016 American Christmas comedy film directed by Josh Gordon and Will Speck and written by Justin Malen and Laura Solon, based on a story by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore. The film stars an ensemble cast, including Jason Bateman, Olivia Munn, T. J. Miller, Jillian Bell, Vanessa Bayer, Courtney B. Vance, Rob Corddry, Kate McKinnon, and Jennifer Aniston, and was released on December 9, 2016, by Paramount Pictures. It grossed $114 million worldwide.

Question: What style of film is the Office Christmas Party, a 2016 American production directed by Josh Gordon and Will Speck and starring and ensemble cast including Kate McKinnon; a cast member on Saturday Night Live and The Big Gay Sketch Show.
Answer: comedy
West Ham United F.C.
West Ham United Football Club is an English professional football club based in Stratford, East London. They compete in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. The club play at the London Stadium, having moved from their former home the Boleyn Ground in 2016.
London Stadium
London Stadium (formerly and also known as Olympic Stadium and the Stadium at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park) is a multi-purpose outdoor stadium at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in the Stratford district of London. It was constructed for the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics—serving as the track and field venue, and as the site of their opening and closing ceremonies. Following the Games, the stadium was subsequently renovated as a multi-purpose stadium and now serves primarily as the home of West Ham United of the Premier League.
London Stadium
Land preparation for the stadium began in mid-2007, with the official construction start date on 22 May 2008. The stadium held its first public event in March 2012, serving as the finish line for a celebrity run organised by the National Lottery. Holding 80,000 for the Olympics and the Paralympics, the stadium re-opened in July 2016 with 66,000 seats, but with capacity for football limited to 60,000 under the terms of the lease. The decision to make West Ham United the main tenants was controversial, with the initial tenancy process having to be rerun.

Question: West Ham United F.C. is located where in Stratford, London, England, at Marshgate Lane in the Lower Lea Valley?
Answer: London Stadium
Late Middle Ages
Up until the mid-14th century, Europe had experienced steadily increasing urbanisation. Cities were also decimated by the Black Death, but the role of urban areas as centres of learning, commerce and government ensured continued growth. By 1500, Venice, Milan, Naples, Paris and Constantinople each probably had more than 100,000 inhabitants. Twenty-two other cities were larger than 40,000; most of these were in Italy and the Iberian peninsula, but there were also some in France, the Empire, the Low Countries, plus London in England.

Question: Which European cities likely had populations greater than 100,000 in 1500?
Answer: Venice, Milan, Naples, Paris and Constantinople
Sheffield
Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire its name derives from the River Sheaf which runs through it. With some southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base. The population of the City of Sheffield is 584,853 () and it is one of the eight largest regional English cities that make up the Core Cities Group. Sheffield is the second-largest city in the Yorkshire and the Humber region and the third-largest English district by population. The metropolitan population of Sheffield is 1,569,000.
Henry Hall (cricketer, born 1810)
Henry Hall (1810 – 1 December 1864) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1827 to 1837. Hall played for Sheffield Cricket Club and made 14 known appearances in first-class matches. He represented the North in the North v. South series.

Question: What river runs through the city where Henry Hall was born?
Answer: River Sheaf
Chinese Journal of Physics
The Chinese Journal of Physics is a peer reviewed journal of physics. It is published by "The Physical Society of Republic of China" in Taiwan. The journal publishes reviews, articles, and refereed conference papers in all the major areas of physics.
Li Fanghua
Li Fanghua (; 6 January 1932 – 24 January 2020) was a Hong Kong-born Chinese physicist. She was a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, The World Academy of Sciences, and the International Union of Crystallography. She was also the director of Chinese Society of Physics and China Union of Crystallography, and an editor of the "Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society", "J. Electron Microscopy", "Chinese Physics Letter", and "Chinese Journal of Physics".

Question: Li Fanghua is an editor of what peer reviewed journal of physics?
Answer: Chinese Journal of Physics
Lucretius
Titus Lucretius Carus ( ; ] ; 99 BC – c. 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the philosophical poem "De rerum natura", a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, and which usually is translated into English as "On the Nature of Things". Lucretius has been credited with originating the concept of the three-age system that was formalised in 1836 by C. J. Thomsen.
Poggio Bracciolini
Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini (11 February 1380 – 30 October 1459), usually referred to simply as Poggio Bracciolini, was an Italian scholar and an early Renaissance humanist. He was responsible for rediscovering and recovering many classical Latin manuscripts, mostly decaying and forgotten in German, Swiss, and French monastic libraries. His most celebrated finds are "De rerum natura", the only surviving work by Lucretius, "De architectura" by Vitruvius, lost orations by Cicero such as "Pro Sexto Roscio", Quintilian's "Institutio Oratoria", Statius' "Silvae", and Silius Italicus's "Punica", as well as works by several minor authors such as Frontinus' "De aquaeductu", Ammianus Marcellinus, Nonius Marcellus, Probus, Flavius Caper, and Eutyches.

Question: Which didactic philosophical poem about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism is the most celebrated find of the Italian scholar Poggio Bracciolini?
Answer: De rerum natura
Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye
The Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye ( ; "United Partisan Organization"; referred to as FPO by its Yiddish initials) was a Jewish resistance organization based in the Vilna Ghetto that organized armed resistance against the Nazis during World War II. The clandestine organisation was established by Communist and Zionist partisans. Their leaders were writer Abba Kovner, Josef Glazman and Yitzhak Wittenberg.
Yitzhak Wittenberg
Yitzhak Wittenberg (1907 – July 16, 1943) ( , Hebrew:יצחק ויטנברג ) was a Jewish resistance fighter in Vilnius during World War II. He was a member of the Communist Party. He was the commander of the Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye (FPO), a resistance group in the Vilna Ghetto which was preparing an uprising should the final moments of the Ghetto come. When the Germans learned about the existence of a Communist, Wittenberg, in the Ghetto, they made a request to the head of the Jewish council, Jacob Gens, that Wittenberg should be surrendered to them. Gens betrayed Wittenberg to the police who arrested him, but he was freed by young FPO fighters. Subsequently Gens insisted Wittenberg surrender, which feeling he did not have the support of the Ghetto for an uprising, rather than risk a massacre, he did.

Question: Where was the leader of the resistance group referred to as FPO active during World War II?
Answer: Vilnius
Bridget Jones's Diary (film)
Bridget Jones's Diary is a 2001 romantic comedy film directed by Sharon Maguire and written by Richard Curtis, Andrew Davies, and Helen Fielding. A co-production of the United Kingdom, United States and France, it is based on Fielding's 1996 novel of the same name, which is a reinterpretation of Jane Austen's 1813 novel "Pride and Prejudice". The adaptation stars Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones, a 32 year old single woman, who writes a diary which focuses on the things she wishes to happen in her life. However, her life changes when two men vie for her affection. Colin Firth, Hugh Grant, Jim Broadbent, and Gemma Jones are featured in supporting roles. Production began in August 2000 and ended in November 2000, and took place largely on location in London and the Home Counties.
Bridget Jones's Diary (film)
"Bridget Jones's Diary" premiered on 4 April 2001 in the United Kingdom and was released to theatres on 13 April 2001 simultaneously in the United Kingdom and in the United States. It opened to positive reviews and massive box office receipts, grossing over $280 million worldwide. Critics praised Maguire's direction, the screenplay, the film's light hearted tone and Zellweger's titular performance which garnered her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress (a rare feat for starring in a romcom). Over the years, it has been hailed as a cult film as well as part of the English Pop Culture with Bridget Jones being cited as a British Culture Icon.
Bridget Jones' Diary (musical)
Bridget Jones' Diary is a musical based on the award-winning 1996 book and 2001 film of the same name. The show has been in development since 2009 and has had several workshop readings. A West End production is anticipated, although no date has been set.

Question: In which year was a musical based on Bridget Jones's Diary first developed?
Answer: 2009
BBC Television
BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00. Jasmine Bligh, one of the original announcers, made the first announcement, saying, 'Good afternoon everybody. How are you? Do you remember me, Jasmine Bligh?'. The Mickey Mouse cartoon of 1939 was repeated twenty minutes later. Alexandra Palace was the home base of the channel until the early 1950s when the majority of production moved into the newly acquired Lime Grove Studios.

Question: Who was the first person to speak on BBC when it was turned back on following World War II?
Answer: Jasmine Bligh
William Randolph Hearst
William Randolph Hearst Sr. ( ; April 29, 1863 – August 14, 1951) was an American businessman, newspaper publisher, and politician known for developing the nation's largest newspaper chain and media company, Hearst Communications. His flamboyant methods of yellow journalism influenced the nation's popular media by emphasizing sensationalism and human interest stories. Hearst entered the publishing business in 1887 with Mitchell Trubitt after being given control of "The San Francisco Examiner" by his wealthy father.
William Randolph Hearst
Moving to New York City, Hearst acquired the "New York Journal" and fought a bitter circulation war with Joseph Pulitzer's "New York World". Hearst sold papers by printing giant headlines over lurid stories featuring crime, corruption, sex, and innuendo. Acquiring more newspapers, Hearst created a chain that numbered nearly 30 papers in major American cities at its peak. He later expanded to magazines, creating the largest newspaper and magazine business in the world. Hearst controlled the editorial positions and coverage of political news in all his papers and magazines, and thereby often published his personal views. He sensationalized Spanish atrocities in Cuba while calling for war in 1898 against Spain. Historians, however, reject his subsequent claims to have started the war with Spain as overly extravagant.
Annenberg Community Beach House
The Annenberg Community Beach House at Santa Monica State Beach is a public beach facility, open to all. The Beach House is on the location of a now-demolished 110-room mansion that was built for Marion Davies by William Randolph Hearst. The mansion's original pool was rehabilitated by the Annenberg Foundation and opened to the public on a fee-for-entry basis in 2009. The pool is trimmed in tile and has a marble deck. One of the mansion's original guest houses also still exists and is used for events. 
Annenberg Community Beach House
Built in 1929, Ocean House—later called simply the Beach House—was a hot spot on Santa Monica's Gold Coast in the 1930s and 1940s, as William Randolph Hearst and Marion Davies entertained Hollywood's elite at Davies' 5 acre estate. Actress Colleen Moore is reported to have called Ocean House "the biggest house on the beach—the beach between San Diego and Vancouver".

Question: Annenberg Community Beach House was built by the creator of which media company?
Answer: Hearst Communications
Mack Brown
William Mack Brown (born August 27, 1951) is an American college football coach. He is currently in his second stint as the head football coach at the University of North Carolina, where he coached from 1988 until departing in 1997 to become coach at the University of Texas. He was recently a college football commentator for ESPN. In January 2018, Brown was selected to enter the College Football Hall of Fame. In November 2018, Brown took the vacant job at North Carolina, replacing Larry Fedora.
2006 Texas Longhorns football team
The 2006 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team's head football coach was Mack Brown. The Longhorns (also known as Texas or UT or the Horns) played their home games in Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium (DKR), which during 2006 was undergoing some renovations to improve older sections as well as to add extra seating capacity.

Question: The head coach of the 2006 Texas Longhorns football team is currently a commentator for what network?
Answer: ESPN
Dwight D. Eisenhower
In November 1942, Eisenhower was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ). The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons. The campaign in North Africa was designated Operation Torch and was planned underground within the Rock of Gibraltar. Eisenhower was the first non-British person to command Gibraltar in 200 years.

Question: At what location was the North African campaign planned?
Answer: Rock of Gibraltar