qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
The Boy from Oz
The Boy from Oz is a jukebox musical based on the life of singer and songwriter Peter Allen, featuring songs written by him. The original book is by Nick Enright, with a revised book by Martin Sherman. Premiering in Australia in 1998 starring Todd McKenney, the musical opened in a revised version on Broadway in 2003 with Hugh Jackman in the title role.
Mathew Waters
Mathew John Waters (born 29 May 1989) is an Australian actor best known for his roles in "Round the Twist", "SNOBS", "The Pacific", "Peter Pan The Movie" and the original cast of the musical "The Boy From Oz", where he played the roles of musician/entertainer Young Peter Allen.

Question: Mathew Waters played the role of Young Peter Allen in a musical that premiered in Australia in what year ?
Answer: 1998
Prime minister
Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on "one" occasion, in 1979. She remained "continuously" in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle her cabinet.

Question: What did Margaret Thatcher reconfigure following each general election?
Answer: cabinet
The Tide and Its Takers
The Tide and Its Takers is the fourth studio album by Alaskan metalcore band 36 Crazyfists. It was released on  27, 2008 (2008--) . The band filmed a music video for the album's first single, "We Gave It Hell", with director Soren, who has previously worked with the likes of Behemoth and Unearth. The video was released on YouTube on  06, 2008 (2008--) . The album reached number 155 on the "Billboard" 200 in its first week as well as number four on the Top Heatseekers, number 23 on the Hard Rock Albums, and number 11 on the Independent Albums chart. "The Tide and Its Takers" marks the highest first-week sales ever for the band in the US (4,150 copies). The album also peaked at number 83 on the UK Albums Chart. This is the band's last release with longtime bassist Mick Whitney until their 2015 record Time and Trauma.
Behemoth (band)
Behemoth is a Polish blackened death metal band from Gdańsk, formed in 1991. They are considered to have played an important role in establishing the Polish extreme metal underground.

Question: Where is the Polish extreme metal band, who worked with director Soren on music videos, from?
Answer: Gdańsk
Paul Raymond (musician)
Paul Martin Raymond (16 November 1945 – 13 April 2019) was an English keyboardist/guitarist, best known for playing in UFO and Michael Schenker Group.
100 Ton Chicken
100 Ton Chicken is the third studio album by the blues band, Chicken Shack, released in 1969. This album was Paul Raymond's first album as a member of Chicken Shack, replacing Christine Perfect.

Question: Who was the English keyboardist/guitarist first featured on the 1969 Chicken Shack album "100 Ton Chicken"?
Answer: Paul Raymond
2003 NHL Entry Draft
The 2003 NHL Entry Draft was held at the Gaylord Entertainment Center in Nashville, Tennessee on June 21, 2003.
Zbyněk Hrdel
Zbyněk Hrdel (born August 19, 1985) is a Czech former professional ice hockey player. He was selected by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 9th round (286th overall) of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft.

Question: Zbyněk Hrdel was selected by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 9th round (286th overall) of a draft held at which city ?
Answer: Nashville
The Electric Boogaloos
The Electric Boogaloos are a street dance crew responsible for the spread of popping and electric boogaloo. The name "Boogaloo" came from a song called "Do a Boogaloo" by James Brown, which was also adapted as a Boogaloo street dance done from Oakland, CA. They were founded by Boogaloo Sam in Fresno, California in 1977. Their original name was the Electric Boogaloo Lockers but "Lockers" was dropped the following year.
The Electric Boogaloos
On January 25, 2012, The Electric Boogaloos were honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 13th anniversary show of , for their role in popularizing dance styles such as popping and electric boogie, presented by choreographer and dancer Toni Basil.
Electric boogaloo (dance)
Electric boogaloo (sometimes referred to as electric boogie in the East Coast) is a dance style closely related to earlier Boogaloo street dance performed in Oakland and popping; it combines modern popping techniques and earlier boogaloo forms It became the signature style of the dance group started in mid-1970s, the Electric Boogaloos. Along with electric boogaloo they also popularized popping and many of its related styles.

Question: What street dance crew was responsible for spreading a funk style of hip hop dance?
Answer: Electric Boogaloos
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
On April 7, 1989, Soviet troops and armored personnel carriers were sent to Tbilisi after more than 100,000 people protested in front of Communist Party headquarters with banners calling for Georgia to secede from the Soviet Union and for Abkhazia to be fully integrated into Georgia. On April 9, 1989, troops attacked the demonstrators; some 20 people were killed and more than 200 wounded. This event radicalized Georgian politics, prompting many to conclude that independence was preferable to continued Soviet rule. On April 14, Gorbachev removed Jumber Patiashvili as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party and replaced him with former Georgian KGB chief Givi Gumbaridze.

Question: Who attacked the protest?
Answer: troops
Quran
Muslims believe that the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final prophet, Muhammad, through the archangel Gabriel ("Jibril"), incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on 22 December 609 CE, when Muhammad was 40; and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important miracle; a proof of his prophethood; and the culmination of a series of divine messages starting with those revealed to Adam, including the "Tawrah" (Torah), the "Zabur" ("Psalms") and the "Injil" ("Gospel"). The word "Quran" occurs some 70 times in the text itself, and other names and words are also said to refer to the Quran.

Question: In which year CE did Muhammad die?
Answer: 632
Guam
Guam lies between 13.2° and 13.7°N and 144.6° and 145.0°E. It is 30 mi long and 4 to wide, giving it an area of 212 sqmi (three-fourths the size of Singapore) and making it the 32nd largest island of the United States. It is the southernmost and largest island in the Marianas as well as the largest in Micronesia. Guam's highest point is Mount Lamlam at 1334 ft . Challenger Deep, at 35797 ft the deepest surveyed point in the Oceans, lies southwest of Guam.

Question: How many square miles is Guam?
Answer: 212
Thuringia
Thuringia became a landgraviate in 1130 AD. After the extinction of the reigning Ludowingian line of counts and landgraves in 1247 and the War of the Thuringian Succession (1247–1264), the western half became independent under the name of "Hesse", never to become a part of Thuringia again. Most of the remaining Thuringia came under the rule of the Wettin dynasty of the nearby Margraviate of Meissen, the nucleus of the later Electorate and Kingdom of Saxony. With the division of the house of Wettin in 1485, Thuringia went to the senior Ernestine branch of the family, which subsequently subdivided the area into a number of smaller states, according to the Saxon tradition of dividing inheritance amongst male heirs. These were the "Saxon duchies", consisting, among others, of the states of Saxe-Weimar, Saxe-Eisenach, Saxe-Jena, Saxe-Meiningen, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg, and Saxe-Gotha.

Question: Where was the Wettin dynasty from?
Answer: Margraviate of Meissen
Apollo
Once Pan had the audacity to compare his music with that of Apollo and to challenge the god of music to a contest. The mountain-god Tmolus was chosen to umpire. Pan blew on his pipes, and with his rustic melody gave great satisfaction to himself and his faithful follower, Midas, who happened to be present. Then, Apollo struck the strings of his lyre. It was so beautiful that Tmolus at once awarded the victory to Apollo, and everyone was pleased with the judgement. Only Midas dissented and questioned the justice of the award. Apollo did not want to suffer such a depraved pair of ears any longer, and caused them to become the ears of a donkey.

Question: Who was a faithful follower of Pan?
Answer: Midas
Eastern Michigan University
Eastern Michigan University (EMU) is a public research university in Ypsilanti, Michigan. The university was founded in 1849 as Michigan State Normal School. Today, the university is governed by an eight-member Board of Regents whose members are appointed by the governor of Michigan for eight-year terms. The school belongs to the Mid-American Conference and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. Since 1991 EMU athletes have been known as "Eagles" and the school mascot, Swoop, was officially adopted by the university three years later.
Eastern Michigan University
Currently, EMU comprises seven colleges and schools: College of Arts and Sciences, College of Business, College of Education, College of Health and Human Services, College of Technology, an Honors College, and a Graduate School. The university's site is composed of an academic and athletic campus spread across 800 acre , with over 120 buildings. EMU has a total enrollment of more than 23,000 students.
1980 Eastern Michigan Hurons football team
The 1980 Eastern Michigan Hurons football team represented Eastern Michigan University in the 1980 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their third season under head coach Mike Stock, the Hurons compiled a 1–9 record (1–7 against conference opponents), finished in last place in the Mid-American Conference, and were outscored by their opponents, 322 to 81. The team's statistical leaders included Scott Davis with 1,143 passing yards, Albert Williams with 457 rushing yards, and Jeff Dackin with 363 receiving yards.

Question: The 1980 Eastern Michigan Hurons football team represented a university with how many enrolled students?
Answer: 23,000
Moonrunners
Moonrunners is a 1975 action comedy film starring James Mitchum, about a Southern family that runs bootleg liquor. It was reworked four years later into the popular long-running television series "The Dukes of Hazzard", and as such the two productions share many similar concepts. Mitchum had co-starred with his father, Robert Mitchum, in the similar drive-in favorite "Thunder Road" eighteen years earlier, which also focused upon moonshine-running bootleggers using fast cars to elude federal agents. "Moonrunners", a B movie, was filmed in 1973 and awaited release for over a year. Its soundtrack reflects the outlaw music boom of the 1970s during which the film was released.
Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane
Rosco Purvis Coltrane is a fictional sheriff character who appeared in the 1975 film "Moonrunners", which inspired the creation of the American TV series "The Dukes of Hazzard" (and related spin-off films).
Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane
In "Moonrunners", he was played by Bruce Atkins. The role of Rosco in the television series (and a much more detailed character than the one in "Moonrunners") is the right-hand man of Hazzard County's corrupt county commissioner, Jefferson Davis "J.D." Hogg ("Boss Hogg"); he was played by James Best, who had appeared in many films and TV series before landing the role. He appeared in all but five episodes. He was accompanied on the show by his character's pet/police dog (beginning in season 3), a basset hound named Flash..

Question: In which 1975 film starring James Mitchum did Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane appear?
Answer: Moonrunners
.45 ACP
The .45 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol) or .45 Auto (11.43×23mm) is a handgun cartridge designed by John Moses Browning in 1904, for use in his prototype Colt semi-automatic pistol. After successful military trials, it was adopted as the standard chambering for Colt's M1911 pistol. The round was developed due to a lack of stopping power experienced in the Moro Rebellion using the .38 Long Colt. This experience and the Thompson–LaGarde Tests of 1904, led the Army and the Cavalry to decide a minimum of .45 caliber was required in a new handgun.
Smith & Wesson Model 4506
The Smith & Wesson Model 4506 is a third-generation semi-automatic pistol from Smith & Wesson's 4500 series of handguns. The 4506 is chambered for the .45 ACP cartridge and, with the purchase of special springs, the stronger .45 Super. It is constructed almost entirely from stainless steel and is thus extremely resistant to harsh weather conditions. The 4506 is a traditional double-action/single-action pistol. The first shot is fired in double-action mode. Each subsequent shot is fired in single-action mode. It features one-piece Xenoy wrap-around grips with either a curved or straight back strap. The 4506 was produced from 1988 to 1999.

Question: What handgun cartridge designed by John Browning in 1905, for use in his prototype Colt semi-automatic pistol, is chambered in a third-generation semi-automatic pistol from Smith & Wesson's 4500 series of handguns?
Answer: .45 ACP
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census
Although used in the census and the American Community Survey, "Some other race" is not an official race, and the Bureau considered eliminating it prior to the 2000 Census. As the 2010 census form did not contain the question titled "Ancestry" found in prior censuses, there were campaigns to get non-Hispanic West Indian Americans, Turkish Americans, Armenian Americans, Arab Americans and Iranian Americans to indicate their ethnic or national background through the race question, specifically the "Some other race" category.

Question: In addition to the Census, where else is the "some other race" selection an option?
Answer: the American Community Survey
Political corruption
Gombeenism refers to an individual who is dishonest and corrupt for the purpose of personal gain, more often through monetary, while, parochialism which is also known as parish pump politics relates to placing local or vanity projects ahead of the national interest. For instance in Irish politics, populist left wing political parties will often apply these terms to mainstream establishment political parties and will cite the many cases of Corruption in Ireland, such as the Irish Banking crisis, which found evidence of bribery, cronyism and collusion, where in some cases politicians who were coming to the end of their political careers would receive a senior management or committee position in a company they had dealings with.

Question: Parish pump politics is also called what?
Answer: parochialism
Antibiotic
In cases where antibiotics have been suggested to affect the efficiency of birth control pills, such as for the broad-spectrum antibiotic rifampicin, these cases may be due to an increase in the activities of hepatic liver enzymes' causing increased breakdown of the pill's active ingredients. Effects on the intestinal flora, which might result in reduced absorption of estrogens in the colon, have also been suggested, but such suggestions have been inconclusive and controversial. Clinicians have recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibiotics that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives. More studies on the possible interactions between antibiotics and birth control pills (oral contraceptives) are required as well as careful assessment of patient-specific risk factors for potential oral contractive pill failure prior to dismissing the need for backup contraception.

Question: What do physicians recommend to counteract this potential issue?
Answer: extra contraceptive measures
Jeff Merkley
Jeffrey Alan Merkley (born October 24, 1956) is an American politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Oregon since 2009. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Prior to his election to the Senate, Merkley was a five-term member of the Oregon House of Representatives representing the state's 47th district, in central Multnomah County at the eastern side of Portland. From 2007 to 2009 he was Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives. Merkley defeated two-term Republican incumbent Gordon Smith in 2008 and was reelected in 2014, defeating Republican nominee Monica Wehby. He has been a leading progressive voice in the Senate and was the only U.S. Senator to endorse Bernie Sanders in the 2016 Democratic presidential primaries. He was considered a potential candidate for president in 2020, but chose to run for reelection to the Senate instead.
Dave Hunt (Oregon politician)
Dave Hunt (born November 10, 1967) is an American politician in the state of Oregon. A Democrat, he was the Oregon House Speaker and served as State Representative for District 40 of the Oregon House of Representatives representing Clackamas County from 2003 to 2013. He was elected House Majority Leader for the 2007–2009 session, succeeding Minority Leader Jeff Merkley, who was chosen as Speaker. Hunt served as Speaker during the 2009–2011 session, again succeeding Merkley, who was elected to serve in the United States Senate. After his service in the House, Hunt served as President & CEO of the Pacific Northwest Defense Coalition (PNDC) for five years. He currently serves as Senior Vice President for Strategies 360 and as an elected member of the Clackamas Community College Board.

Question: In what Oregon county is the House District located that was represented by the man who Dave Hunt followed as House Majority Leader for the 2007-2009 session of the Oregon House of Representatives? 
Answer: Multnomah County
David Gregory (physician)
David Gregory (20 December 1625 – 1720) was a Scottish physician and inventor. His surname is sometimes spelt as Gregorie, the original Scottish spelling. He inherited Kinnairdy Castle in 1664. Three of his twenty-nine children became mathematics professors. He is credited with inventing a military cannon that Isaac Newton described as "being destructive to the human species". Copies and details of the model no longer exist. Gregory's use of a barometer to predict farming-related weather conditions led him to be accused of witchcraft by Presbyterian ministers from Aberdeen, although he was never convicted.
Kinnairdy Castle
Kinnairdy Castle is a tower house, having five storeys and a garret, two miles south of Aberchirder, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The alternative name is Old Kinnairdy.

Question: What town is closest to the castle once owned by the Scottish inventor who invented a military cannon described by Isaac Newton as "destructive to the human species"?
Answer: Aberchirder, Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Annelid
Earthworms make a significant contribution to soil fertility. The rear end of the Palolo worm, a marine polychaete that tunnels through coral, detaches in order to spawn at the surface, and the people of Samoa regard these spawning modules as a delicacy. Anglers sometimes find that worms are more effective bait than artificial flies, and worms can be kept for several days in a tin lined with damp moss. Ragworms are commercially important as bait and as food sources for aquaculture, and there have been proposals to farm them in order to reduce over-fishing of their natural populations. Some marine polychaetes' predation on molluscs causes serious losses to fishery and aquaculture operations.

Question: What do some polychaetes eat that has been causing problems?
Answer: molluscs
Classical music
Vocal music in the Renaissance is noted for the flourishing of an increasingly elaborate polyphonic style. The principal liturgical forms which endured throughout the entire Renaissance period were masses and motets, with some other developments towards the end, especially as composers of sacred music began to adopt secular forms (such as the madrigal) for their own designs. Towards the end of the period, the early dramatic precursors of opera such as monody, the madrigal comedy, and the intermedio are seen. Around 1597, Italian composer Jacopo Peri wrote "Dafne", the first work to be called an opera today. He also composed Euridice, the first opera to have survived to the present day.

Question: What liturgical form besides motets endured throughout the entire Renaissance period?
Answer: masses
Bacteria
The "Gram stain", developed in 1884 by Hans Christian Gram, characterises bacteria based on the structural characteristics of their cell walls. The thick layers of peptidoglycan in the "Gram-positive" cell wall stain purple, while the thin "Gram-negative" cell wall appears pink. By combining morphology and Gram-staining, most bacteria can be classified as belonging to one of four groups (Gram-positive cocci, Gram-positive bacilli, Gram-negative cocci and Gram-negative bacilli). Some organisms are best identified by stains other than the Gram stain, particularly mycobacteria or "Nocardia", which show acid-fastness on Ziehl–Neelsen or similar stains. Other organisms may need to be identified by their growth in special media, or by other techniques, such as serology.

Question: What color do Gram positive bacteria cell walls turn to after being stained?
Answer: purple
2008 Sichuan earthquake
All of the highways into Wenchuan, and others throughout the province, were damaged, resulting in delayed arrival of the rescue troops. In Beichuan County, 80% of the buildings collapsed according to Xinhua News. In the city of Shifang, the collapse of two chemical plants led to leakage of some 80 tons of liquid ammonia, with hundreds of people reported buried. In the city of Dujiangyan, south-east of the epicenter, a whole school collapsed with 900 students buried and fewer than 60 survived. The Juyuan Middle School, where many teenagers were buried, was excavated by civilians and cranes. Dujiangyan is home of the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, an ancient water diversion project which is still in use and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The project's famous Fish Mouth was cracked but not severely damaged otherwise.

Question: What did the damaged roadways cause to the rescue operations?
Answer: delayed arrival
BeiDou
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) ( ) is a Chinese satellite navigation system. It consists of two separate satellite constellations. The first BeiDou system, officially called the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System and also known as BeiDou-1, consisted of three satellites which, beginning in 2000, offered limited coverage and navigation services, mainly for users in China and neighboring regions. BeiDou-1 was decommissioned at the end of 2012. On 23 June 2020, the final BeiDou satellite was successfully launched, the launch of the 55th satellite in the Beidou family. The third iteration of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System promises to provide global coverage for timing and navigation, offering an alternative to Russia's GLONASS, the European Galileo positioning system, and America's GPS.

Question: What is another name for the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System?
Answer: BeiDou-1
Soulja Boy
DeAndre Cortez Way (born July 28, 1990), better known as Soulja Boy Tell 'Em or simply Soulja Boy, is an American rapper, record producer, actor and entrepreneur. In September 2007, his debut single "Crank That (Soulja Boy)" peaked at number one on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100. The single was initially self-published to the internet, and later became a number-one hit in the United States for seven non-consecutive weeks starting in September 2007. On August 17, Way was listed at number 18 on the "Forbes" list of Hip-Hop Cash Kings of 2010 for earning $7 million that year.
Donk (song)
"Donk" is the fourth and final single from American rapper Soulja Boy's debut studio album "souljaboytellem.com".

Question:  "Donk" is a single from the first studio album by a rapper whose debut singled peat a what spot on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100?
Answer: number one
Galway
Galway ( ; , ] ) is a city in County Galway in the West of Ireland, in the province of Connacht. It lies on the River Corrib between Lough Corrib and Galway Bay, and is the sixth most populous city in Ireland, with a population at the 2016 Census of 79,934.
Conversations on a Homecoming
Conversations on a Homecoming is a 1985 play by Irish playwright Tom Murphy. Premiered by the Druid Theatre Company, Galway, Ireland in a production directed by Garry Hynes. As one of the great Irish plays set in a pub, its influence can be seen in more recent plays such as "The Weir" by Conor McPherson.

Question: In which province is the city, where the company that premiered Conversations on a Homecoming, is based ?
Answer: Connacht
Karan Johar
Karan Kumar Johar (born Rahul Kumar Johar, 25 May 1972), often informally referred to as KJo, is an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter, costume designer, actor and television personality who works in Hindi films. He is the son of Hiroo Johar and the producer Yash Johar.
Sana Saeed
Sana Saeed (born 22 September 1988) is an Indian actress and model, who has appeared in Bollywood films. Her first appearance was as a child artist in "Kuch Kuch Hota Hai" (1998) and continued to do so in films "Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega" (2000) and "Badal" (2000). She also appeared in television shows such as "Babul Ka Aangann Chootey Na" (2008) and "Lo Ho Gayi Pooja Iss Ghar Ki" (2008). In 2012, Saeed made her screen debut as an adult in a supporting role in Karan Johar's "Student Of The Year", which emerged as a box-office commercial success. She has appeared in many reality shows including "Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa" (2013), "Nach Baliye" (2015) and "" (2016).

Question: Sana Saeed made her screen debut as an adult in a film directed by a man informally referred to by what nickname?
Answer: KJo
John Wooden
John Robert Wooden (October 14, 1910 – June 4, 2010) was an American basketball player and head coach at the University of California, Los Angeles. Nicknamed the "Wizard of Westwood," he won ten NCAA national championships in a 12-year period as head coach at UCLA, including a record seven in a row. No other team has won more than four in a row in Division I college men's or women's basketball. Within this period, his teams won an NCAA men's basketball record 88 consecutive games. Wooden won the prestigious Henry Iba Award as national coach of the year a record seven times and won the AP award five times. He also won a Helms national championship (which was decided by a poll) at Purdue as a player in 1931–1932.
John Wooden
As a 5'10" guard, Wooden was the first player to be named basketball All-American three times, and the 1932 Purdue team on which he played as a senior was retroactively recognized as the pre-NCAA Tournament national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation and the Premo-Porretta Power Poll. Wooden was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame as a player (1960) and as a coach (1973), the first person ever enshrined in both categories. (Lenny Wilkens, Bill Sharman and Tommy Heinsohn are the only other basketball players who have since achieved the same honors.)
1994–95 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team
The 1994–95 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 1994–95 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bruins were led by Jim Harrick in his seventh season as head coach. They played their home games at the Pauley Pavilion as member of the Pac-10 Conference. They finished the season 32–1, 17–1 in Pac-10 play to win the regular season championship. They received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament as the No. 1 seed in the West region. They defeated Florida International, Missouri, Mississippi State, and UConn to advance to the Final Four. There they defeated Oklahoma State and Arkansas to win the National Championship, marking the school's 11th title. It was the first title since the 1975 Championship and since the retirement of head coach John Wooden.

Question: The championship winning 1994–95 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team won the first title since the retirement of which headcoach nicknamed Wizard of Westwood? 
Answer: John Robert Wooden
MP3
In November 1997, the website mp3.com was offering thousands of MP3s created by independent artists for free. The small size of MP3 files enabled widespread peer-to-peer file sharing of music ripped from CDs, which would have previously been nearly impossible. The first large peer-to-peer filesharing network, Napster, was launched in 1999. The ease of creating and sharing MP3s resulted in widespread copyright infringement. Major record companies argued that this free sharing of music reduced sales, and called it "music piracy". They reacted by pursuing lawsuits against Napster (which was eventually shut down and later sold) and against individual users who engaged in file sharing.
MP3
Unauthorized MP3 file sharing continues on next-generation peer-to-peer networks. Some authorized services, such as Beatport, Bleep, Juno Records, eMusic, Zune Marketplace, Walmart.com, Rhapsody, the recording industry approved re-incarnation of Napster, and Amazon.com sell unrestricted music in the MP3 format.

Question: Who was the target of the record companies?
Answer: Napster
Personal Foul (book)
Personal Foul: A First-Person Account of the Scandal That Rocked the NBA is an autobiography written by former National Basketball Association (NBA) referee Tim Donaghy and published by Florida-based VTi-Group, Inc. in December, 2009. Donaghy, who had resigned from the league as a central figure in the 2007 NBA betting scandal, describes his involvement in and inner workings of the scandal, as well as his gambling addiction.
Tim Donaghy
Timothy Francis Donaghy ( ; born January 7, 1967) is a former professional basketball referee who worked in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for 13 seasons from 1994 to 2007. During his career in the NBA, Donaghy officiated in 772 regular season games and 20 playoff games.

Question: The author of "Personal Foul: A First-Person Account of the Scandal That Rocked the NBA" refereed in the NBA for how many seasons?
Answer: 13
History of science
The synthesis of urea by Friedrich Wöhler opened a new research field, organic chemistry, and by the end of the 19th century, scientists were able to synthesize hundreds of organic compounds. The later part of the 19th century saw the exploitation of the Earth's petrochemicals, after the exhaustion of the oil supply from whaling. By the 20th century, systematic production of refined materials provided a ready supply of products which provided not only energy, but also synthetic materials for clothing, medicine, and everyday disposable resources. Application of the techniques of organic chemistry to living organisms resulted in physiological chemistry, the precursor to biochemistry. The 20th century also saw the integration of physics and chemistry, with chemical properties explained as the result of the electronic structure of the atom. Linus Pauling's book on "The Nature of the Chemical Bond" used the principles of quantum mechanics to deduce bond angles in ever-more complicated molecules. Pauling's work culminated in the physical modelling of DNA, "the secret of life" (in the words of Francis Crick, 1953). In the same year, the Miller–Urey experiment demonstrated in a simulation of primordial processes, that basic constituents of proteins, simple amino acids, could themselves be built up from simpler molecules.

Question: What scientific act is Friedrich Wohler known for?
Answer: The synthesis of urea
Spets
Spets was a seven-part Russian TV series that aired on Ussuriysk T.V. It chronicled the day-to-day activities of a group of gangsters in a Far East Russian town. The show's writer, producer, director and star, Vitali Dyomochka, was a real life Russian mafia boss and the head of a podstava group. A lot of the events depicted on the show were based on Dyomochka's real life experiences, such as an incident where a blackmail victim turns out to be a judge.
Vitali Dyomochka
Vitali Dyomochka, also known as "Bondar", is a Russian mobster and crime boss in the Vladivostok area. He is notable for writing, directing, producing and starring in a short TV series called "Spets", which aimed to show viewers the reality of the Russian underworld.

Question: Spetz' writer, producer, director, and star, is a Russian mobster and crime boss in what area?
Answer: Vladivostok area
Kara Kennedy
Kara Anne Kennedy (February 27, 1960 – September 16, 2011) was a member of the American political dynasty, the Kennedy family. She was the oldest of the three children and only daughter of U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts and Joan Bennett Kennedy, and a niece of President John F. Kennedy and Senator Robert F. Kennedy. 
Joan Bennett Kennedy
Virginia Joan Kennedy (née Bennett, born September 2, 1936) is an American socialite, musician, author, and former model. She was the first wife of U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy.
Joan Bennett Kennedy
Virginia Joan Bennett was born at Mother Cabrini Hospital in New York City. She was raised in a Roman Catholic family, in suburban Bronxville, New York. Her parents were Harry Wiggin Bennett Jr. (1907–1981) and Virginia Joan Stead (1911–1976). Her father was a graduate of Cornell University and later worked as an advertising executive. Bennett grew up with one younger sister, Candace "Candy," (born 1938). She attended Manhattanville College (then a Sacred Heart college), in Purchase, New York. Manhattanville was also the "alma mater" of her future mother-in-law, Rose Kennedy, as well as her future sisters-in-law Jean Kennedy Smith and Ethel Skakel Kennedy. In 1982, Bennett received an MA in Education from Lesley College, now known as Lesley University. As a teenager, she worked as a model in television advertising.

Question: Kara Anne Kennedy Allen was the daughter of U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy and who?
Answer: Joan Bennett Kennedy
Mario Götze
Götze is capable of playing as either a left or right winger, attacking midfielder and also as a "false 9". Götze was considered to be one of the best young players in the world, possessing speed, technique, dribbling skills and playmaking capabilities. In his first stint at Dortmund, under manager Jürgen Klopp, Götze often played different roles in the team's 4-2-3-1 formation. Following the departure of fellow playmaker Shinji Kagawa in 2012, during the 2012–13 season, Klopp assigned Götze as central attacking midfielder. For Germany, Götze's talent has been used by German coach Joachim Löw in the "false 9" role. In more recent seasons with Dortmund, coach Lucien Favre has also used Götze in this role.
Mario Götze
German football legend Franz Beckenbauer described Götze as "German Messi" for his speed and style of play. In 2010, German Football Association's then-Technical Director Matthias Sammer described Götze as "one of the best talents Germany has ever had."
2014 FIFA World Cup Final
The 2014 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 13 July 2014 at the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to determine the 2014 FIFA World Cup champion. Germany defeated Argentina 1–0 in extra time, with the only goal being scored by Mario Götze, who collected André Schürrle's cross from the left on his chest before volleying a high left-footed shot into the net. The match was the third final between the two countries, a World Cup record, after their 1986 and 1990 matches, and billed as the world's best player (Lionel Messi) versus the world's best team (Germany).

Question: In what year was Mario Götze described as one of the best talents Germany has ever had?
Answer: 2010
¡Viva Zapata!
¡Viva Zapata! is the second album by the American punk band 7 Year Bitch. It was released June 28, 1994 on Seattle-based C/Z Records. It was their first record to feature new guitarist Roisin Dunne who had replaced Stefanie Sargent in 1992. The album's title is in tribute to The Gits' vocalist, and friend of the group, Mia Zapata, who was raped and strangled to death in July 1993. Some of the songs on this album relate to Zapata's murder directly (such as "M.I.A.", which encourages vigilante justice for her killer) as well as Sargent's death by drug overdose ("Rock A Bye").
Mia Zapata
Mia Katherine Zapata (August 25, 1965 – July 7, 1993) was an American musician who was the lead singer for the Seattle punk band The Gits. After gaining praise in the nascent grunge scene, Zapata was murdered in 1993 while on her way home from a music venue. The crime went unsolved for a decade before her killer, Jesus Mezquia, was tried, convicted and sentenced to 36 years in prison.

Question: What album included a song about Mia Zapata?
Answer: 7 Year Bitch
Hardware store
Hardware stores (in a number of countries, "shops"), sometimes known as DIY stores, sell household hardware for home improvement including: fasteners, building materials, hand tools, power tools, keys, locks, hinges, chains, plumbing supplies, electrical supplies, cleaning products, housewares, tools, utensils, paint, and lawn and garden products directly to consumers for use at home or for business. Many hardware stores have specialty departments unique to its region or its owner's interests. These departments include hunting and fishing supplies, plants and nursery products, marine and boating supplies, pet food and supplies, farm and ranch supplies including animal feed, swimming pool chemicals, homebrewing supplies and canning supplies. The five largest hardware retailers in the world are The Home Depot, Lowe's (both in the United States), Kingfisher of the United Kingdom, Obi of Germany, and Leroy Merlin of France.
Karwei
Karwei is a Dutch Hardware store-chain. In 1991 "Karwei Holland Nationaal B.V." became part of the franchise-organisation Intergamma, which headquarters is located in Leusden. As of 2019 Karwei has 136 stores, all of which are located in the Netherlands. Intergamma also owns the Home Improvement Centre chain "Gamma".

Question: Karwei is a chain Dutch shops that are sometimes known as what?
Answer: DIY stores
University of Oklahoma
The University of Oklahoma (OU) is a public research university in Norman, Oklahoma. Founded in 1890, it had existed in Oklahoma Territory near Indian Territory for 17 years before the two became the state of Oklahoma. In Fall 2018 the university had 31,702 students enrolled, most at its main campus in Norman. Employing nearly 3,000 faculty members, the school offers 152 baccalaureate programs, 160 master's programs, 75 doctorate programs, and 20 majors at the first professional level.
University of Oklahoma
The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". According to the National Science Foundation, OU spent $283 million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 82nd in the nation. Its Norman campus has two prominent museums, the Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art, specializing in French Impressionism and Native American artwork, and the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, specializing in the natural history of Oklahoma.
Vanderbilt University
Vanderbilt University (informally Vandy or VU) is a private research university in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 1873, it was named in honor of shipping and rail magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt, who provided the school its initial $1-million endowment; Vanderbilt hoped that his gift and the greater work of the university would help to heal the sectional wounds inflicted by the Civil War.

Question: Which university is private, Vanderbilt University or University of Oklahoma?
Answer: Vanderbilt University
The Bronx
There are three primary shopping centers in the Bronx: The Hub, Gateway Center and Southern Boulevard. The Hub–Third Avenue Business Improvement District (B.I.D.), in The Hub, is the retail heart of the South Bronx, located where four roads converge: East 149th Street, Willis, Melrose and Third Avenues. It is primarily located inside the neighborhood of Melrose but also lines the northern border of Mott Haven. The Hub has been called "the Broadway of the Bronx", being likened to the real Broadway in Manhattan and the northwestern Bronx. It is the site of both maximum traffic and architectural density. In configuration, it resembles a miniature Times Square, a spatial "bow-tie" created by the geometry of the street. The Hub is part of Bronx Community Board 1.

Question: What in the Bronx has been compared to Broadway?
Answer: The Hub
Arena Football League
On July 20, 2009, "Sports Business Journal" reported that the AFL owed approximately $14 million to its creditors and was considering filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. In early August 2009, numerous media outlets began reporting that the AFL was folding permanently and would file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The league released a statement on August 4 to the effect that while the league was not folding, it was suspending league operations indefinitely. Despite this, several of the league's creditors filed papers to force a Chapter 7 liquidation if the league did not do so voluntarily. This request was granted on August 7, though converted to a Chapter 11 reorganization on August 26.

Question: On what date did the AFL announce that it was not shutting down?
Answer: August 4
Yale University
Yale traces its beginnings to "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School", passed by the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut on October 9, 1701, while meeting in New Haven. The Act was an effort to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut. Soon thereafter, a group of ten Congregational ministers, Samuel Andrew, Thomas Buckingham, Israel Chauncy, Samuel Mather (nephew of Increase Mather), Rev. James Noyes II (son of James Noyes), James Pierpont, Abraham Pierson, Noadiah Russell, Joseph Webb, and Timothy Woodbridge, all alumni of Harvard, met in the study of Reverend Samuel Russell in Branford, Connecticut, to pool their books to form the school's library. The group, led by James Pierpont, is now known as "The Founders".

Question: When was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" approved?
Answer: October 9, 1701
Chris Pérez
Christopher Gilbert Pérez (born August 14, 1969) is an American guitarist, songwriter and author best known as lead guitarist for the Tejano band Selena y Los Dinos. He married the frontwoman of the group, Selena, on April 2, 1992. Pérez grew up in San Antonio, Texas as one of two children of Gilbert Pérez and Carmen Medina. In 1986, he joined Shelly Lares' band. By the late 1980s, Pérez was respected among Tejano musicians for his guitar skills. This caught A.B. Quintanilla's attention; at the time, Quintanilla was seeking another guitarist for the band he produced, Selena y Los Dinos. Between one and two years after Pérez joined the band, he and Selena began a personal relationship.
Momentos Intimos
Mementos Intimos (English: Intimate Moments) is a greatest hits album by Mexican-American Tejano singer Selena, released in 2004. The album includes a short story from Selena's husband, Chris Pérez, about the song "Puede Ser" that was Selena's final recording from March 17, 1995.

Question: What song was the final recording of the wife of the lead guitarist for the Tejano band Selena y Los Dinos?
Answer: "Puede Ser"
Classical music
During the 1990s, several research papers and popular books wrote on what came to be called the "Mozart effect": an observed temporary, small elevation of scores on certain tests as a result of listening to Mozart's works. The approach has been popularized in a book by Don Campbell, and is based on an experiment published in "Nature" suggesting that listening to Mozart temporarily boosted students' IQ by 8 to 9 points. This popularized version of the theory was expressed succinctly by the "New York Times" music columnist Alex Ross: "researchers... have determined that listening to Mozart actually makes you smarter." Promoters marketed CDs claimed to induce the effect. Florida passed a law requiring toddlers in state-run schools to listen to classical music every day, and in 1998 the governor of Georgia budgeted $105,000 per year to provide every child born in Georgia with a tape or CD of classical music. One of the co-authors of the original studies of the Mozart effect commented "I don't think it can hurt. I'm all for exposing children to wonderful cultural experiences. But I do think the money could be better spent on music education programs."

Question: How much did the Governor of Georgia budget per year to provide every child with a CD of classical music?
Answer: $105,000
Police
Studies of this kind outside of Europe are even rarer, so it is difficult to make generalizations, but one small-scale study that compared transnational police information and intelligence sharing practices at specific cross-border locations in North America and Europe confirmed that low visibility of police information and intelligence sharing was a common feature (Alain, 2001). Intelligence-led policing is now common practice in most advanced countries (Ratcliffe, 2007) and it is likely that police intelligence sharing and information exchange has a common morphology around the world (Ratcliffe, 2007). James Sheptycki has analyzed the effects of the new information technologies on the organization of policing-intelligence and suggests that a number of 'organizational pathologies' have arisen that make the functioning of security-intelligence processes in transnational policing deeply problematic. He argues that transnational police information circuits help to "compose the panic scenes of the security-control society". The paradoxical effect is that, the harder policing agencies work to produce security, the greater are feelings of insecurity.

Question: What paradox did Sheptycki point out?
Answer: the harder policing agencies work to produce security, the greater are feelings of insecurity
Political philosophy
The early Christian philosophy of Augustine of Hippo was heavily influenced by Plato. A key change brought about by Christian thought was the moderation of the Stoicism and theory of justice of the Roman world, as well emphasis on the role of the state in applying mercy as a moral example. Augustine also preached that one was not a member of his or her city, but was either a citizen of the City of God (Civitas Dei) or the City of Man (Civitas Terrena). Augustine's "City of God" is an influential work of this period that attacked the thesis, held by many Christian Romans, that the Christian view could be realized on Earth.

Question: What does Civitas terrena mean?
Answer: City of Man
Mark Lawrence (politician)
Mark W. Lawrence (born June 27, 1958) is an American lawyer and politician from Maine. He was born in Kittery, Maine. A Democrat, Lawrence served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1988 to 2000, first elected while still in law school. After two terms in the House, he was elected to the Maine Senate in 1992. He was elected as the President of the 118th Maine Senate in December 1996 and then elected as President of the 119th Maine Senate in December 1998, serving in that capacity until 2000. He challenged Republican incumbent Olympia Snowe in the 2000 U.S. Senate election and lost. He lost in the Democratic primary for the open seat in the 1st congressional district in 2008. He served from 2003 to 2010 as the York County District Attorney and did not seek re-election in 2010. He returned to private practice in South Berwick, Maine. In November 2016, he was elected to the Maine House of Representatives, and after a single term back in the House he returned to the Senate after the 2018 election.
2000 United States Senate election in Maine
The 2000 United States Senate election in Maine was held November 7, 2000. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Olympia Snowe was re-elected to a second term, defeating Democratic candidate Mark Lawrence.

Question: Mark Lawrence ran in the US Senate election that was held on what date?
Answer: November 7, 2000