qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Bacteria
Bacteria exhibit an extremely wide variety of metabolic types. The distribution of metabolic traits within a group of bacteria has traditionally been used to define their taxonomy, but these traits often do not correspond with modern genetic classifications. Bacterial metabolism is classified into nutritional groups on the basis of three major criteria: the source of energy, the electron donors used, and the source of carbon used for growth.

Question: What is commonly used to determine taxonomy of bacteria?
Answer: The distribution of metabolic traits
New Haven, Connecticut
Artspace on Orange Street is one of several contemporary art galleries around the city, showcasing the work of local, national, and international artists. Others include City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery in the downtown area. Westville galleries include Kehler Liddell, Jennifer Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye. The Erector Square complex in the Fair Haven neighborhood houses, the Parachute Factory gallery along with numerous artist studios, and the complex serves as an active destination during City-Wide Open Studios held yearly in October.

Question: What New Haven gallery is housed in the Erector Square complex located in the Fair Haven neighborhood? 
Answer: Parachute Factory
Electric motor
The continuous torque density of conventional electric machines is determined by the size of the air-gap area and the back-iron depth, which are determined by the power rating of the armature winding set, the speed of the machine, and the achievable air-gap flux density before core saturation. Despite the high coercivity of neodymium or samarium-cobalt permanent magnets, continuous torque density is virtually the same amongst electric machines with optimally designed armature winding sets. Continuous torque density relates to method of cooling and permissible period of operation before destruction by overheating of windings or permanent magnet damage.

Question: What determines continuous torque density?
Answer: size of the air-gap area and the back-iron depth
Bodegraven-Reeuwijk
Bodegraven-Reeuwijk (] ) is a municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland with a population of in . It was established by a merger of Bodegraven and Reeuwijk on 1 January 2011. The municipality covers 88.64 km2 of which km2 is water.
Meije, Netherlands
De Meije or Bodegraafse Meije is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland and has a second part, de Zegveldse or Stichtse Meije in the province of Utrecht. The first is a part of the former municipality of Bodegraven, and lies about 7 km northwest of Woerden. Bodegraven has made part of the new municipality of Bodegraven-Reeuwijk since 2011. The second is part of the municipality of Woerden. A third part, across the little river "De Meije", belongs to the municipality Nieuwkoop.

Question: Who province features Meije and Bodegraven-Reeuwijk?
Answer: South Holland
Charleston, South Carolina
Charleston was founded in 1670 as Charles Town, honoring King CharlesII of England. Its initial location at Albemarle Point on the west bank of the Ashley River (now Charles Towne Landing) was abandoned in 1680 for its present site, which became the fifth-largest city in North America within ten years. One of the key cities in the British colonization of the Americas, Charles Town played a major role in the slave trade, which laid the foundation for the city's size and wealth, and was dominated by a slavocracy of plantation owners and slave traders. Independent Charleston slave traders like Joseph Wragg were the first to break through the monopoly of the Royal African Company, pioneering the large-scale slave trade of the 18th century. Historians estimate that "nearly half of all Africans brought to America arrived in Charleston", most at Gadsden's Wharf. Despite its size, it remained unincorporated throughout the colonial period; its government was handled directly by a colonial legislature and a governor sent by London, England. Election districts were organized according to Anglican parishes, and some social services were managed by Anglican wardens and vestries. Charleston adopted its present spelling with its incorporation as a city in 1783 at the close of the Revolutionary War. Population growth in the interior of South Carolina influenced the removal of the state government to Columbia in 1788, but the port city remained among the ten largest cities in the United States through the 1840 census. The only major antebellum American city to have a majority-enslaved population, Charleston was controlled by an oligarchy of white planters and merchants who successfully forced the federal government to revise its 1828 and 1832 tariffs during the Nullification Crisis and launched the Civil War in 1861 by seizing the Arsenal, Castle Pinckney, and Fort Sumter from their federal garrisons. In 2018, the city formally apologized for its role in the American Slave trade after CNN noted that slavery "riddles the history" of Charleston.

Question: What was Charleston's original name?
Answer: Charles Town
College Humor (magazine)
"College Humor" was published monthly by Collegiate World Publishing, it began in 1920 with reprints from college publications and soon introduced new material, including fiction. The headquarters was in Chicago.
College Humor (magazine)
Contributors included Robert Benchley, Heywood Broun, Groucho Marx, Ellis Parker Butler, Katharine Brush, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda Fitzgerald. Editor H.N. Swanson later became Fitzgerald's Hollywood agent.
Twist (magazine)
Twist is an online teen-focused website and was a monthly print teen magazine. The website is owned by, and the print magazine was published, by Bauer Publishing, the United States division of the German firm Bauer Verlagsgruppe. The first issue was released in 1997.

Question: Were both Twist and College Humor published by Bauer Publishing?
Answer: no
American Idol
Crystal Bowersox, who has Type-I diabetes, fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis on the morning of the girls performance night for the top 20 week and was hospitalized. The schedule was rearranged so the boys performed first and she could perform the following night instead; she later revealed that Ken Warwick, the show producer, wanted to disqualify her but she begged to be allowed to stay on the show.

Question: What role does Warwick have on the show?
Answer: producer
Atlantic City, New Jersey
With the redevelopment of the Las Vegas Strip and the opening of Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun in Connecticut in the early 1990s, along with newly built casinos in the nearby Philadelphia metro area in the 2000s, Atlantic City's tourism began to decline due to its failure to diversify away from gaming. Determined to expand, in 1999 the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partnered with Las Vegas casino mogul Steve Wynn to develop a new roadway to a barren section of the city near the Marina. Nicknamed "The Tunnel Project", Steve Wynn planned the proposed 'Mirage Atlantic City' around the idea that he would connect the $330 million tunnel stretching 2.5 mi from the Atlantic City Expressway to his new resort. The roadway was later officially named the Atlantic City-Brigantine Connector, and funnels incoming traffic off of the expressway into the city's marina district and the city of Brigantine.

Question: Atlantic City's tourism began to decline due to what failure?
Answer: to diversify away from gaming
Those Calloways
Those Calloways is a 1965 American family drama film, adapted from the 1950 children's novel "Swiftwater" by Paul Annixter. The film was produced by Walt Disney and directed by Norman Tokar. It was the last credit for veteran film composer Max Steiner.
Hover Car Racer
Hover Car Racer is a Sci-fi/Sports/Action story written by Australian author Matthew Reilly, originally released as a free fortnightly online serial, and later published by Pan MacMillan in 2004.

Question: In between Hover Car Racer and Those Calloways is adapted from the 1950 children's novel "Swiftwater" by Paul Annixter?
Answer: Those Calloways
Central African Republic
There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.

Question: Where do most of the missionaries come from?
Answer: United States
Literature
Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a covert moral or didactic purpose, such as the Sanskrit "Panchatantra" or the "Metamorphoses" of Ovid. Drama and satire also developed as urban culture provided a larger public audience, and later readership, for literary production. Lyric poetry (as opposed to epic poetry) was often the speciality of courts and aristocratic circles, particularly in East Asia where songs were collected by the Chinese aristocracy as poems, the most notable being the "Shijing" or "Book of Songs". Over a long period, the poetry of popular pre-literate balladry and song interpenetrated and eventually influenced poetry in the literary medium.

Question: Besides entertainment or informational value, classic literature also possessed what quality?
Answer: a covert moral or didactic purpose
Protestantism
Episcopalians and Presbyterians, as well as other WASPs, tend to be considerably wealthier and better educated (having graduate and post-graduate degrees per capita) than most other religious groups in United States, and are disproportionately represented in the upper reaches of American business, law and politics, especially the Republican Party. Numbers of the most wealthy and affluent American families as the Vanderbilts and the Astors, Rockefeller, Du Pont, Roosevelt, Forbes, Whitneys, the Morgans and Harrimans are Mainline Protestant families.

Question: Affluent American families are what type of families?
Answer: Mainline Protestant
Professional wrestling
Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and as of 2020 has become a billion-dollar entertainment industry. Since the 1980s, local forms have greatly declined in Europe; wrestling from North America has experienced several different periods of prominent cultural popularity during its century-and-a-half of existence and has been exported back to Europe to fill the cultural gap left by the aforementioned decline of local versions. The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet, and wrestling (along with boxing) became instrumental in making pay-per-view a viable method of content delivery. In light of the growth of online video-on-demand, native professional wrestling promotions in markets all over the world have been able to circumvent traditional content-delivery and reach customers directly via social media and word-of-mouth marketing.

Question: What did television do for wrestling?
Answer: The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet
Nothing's Shocking
Nothing's Shocking is the first major-label studio album by the American rock band Jane's Addiction, released on August 23, 1988 through Warner Bros. Records. "Nothing's Shocking" was well received by critics, though it peaked at number 103 on the "Billboard" 200. The single "Jane Says" reached number six on the "Billboard" Modern Rock Tracks in 1988. "Rolling Stone" ranked it #312 on its "500 Greatest Albums of All Time".
Nothing's Shocking
Warner Bros. gave Jane's Addiction a list of producers to choose from. They chose Dave Jerden, whose work as engineer on David Byrne and Brian Eno's "My Life in the Bush of Ghosts" frontman Perry Farrell appreciated. Jerden said he "jumped" at the chance to work with the group. “I had a demo tape of 18 songs," Jerden recalled, "and I listened to it every night all summer. I picked nine songs from the tape and put them in an order. And then I said to the band, ‘Let’s do these nine songs. You’ll rehearse them in this order, and we’ll record them in this order.’ And that’s what we did.”
Mountain Song (Jane's Addiction song)
"Mountain Song" is a song by Jane's Addiction and the second single from their 1988 album "Nothing's Shocking". "Mountain Song" was the first song written by the band in 1985, before a band name had even been decided upon.

Question: Which song appearing on an album with "Mountain Song" reached the top 10 on "Billboard"'s Modern Rock Tracks in 1988?
Answer: Jane Says
Franz Ferdinand (band)
Franz Ferdinand are a Scottish rock band formed in Glasgow in 2002. The band's original lineup was composed of Alex Kapranos (lead vocals and guitar, keyboard), Nick McCarthy (rhythm guitar, keyboards and backing vocals), Bob Hardy (bass guitar), and Paul Thomson (drums, percussion and backing vocals). Julian Corrie (keyboards, synthesiser, guitar and backing vocals) and Dino Bardot (guitar and backing vocals) joined the band in 2017 after McCarthy left during the previous year. The band is one of the more popular post-punk revival bands, garnering multiple UK top 20 hits. They have been nominated for several Grammy Awards and have received two Brit Awards – winning one for Best British Group – as well as one NME Award.
Dancing Stage Max
Dancing Stage Max was released on November 25, 2005 by Konami to the European PlayStation 2 gaming audience. "Dancing Stage Max" was modeled after "Dance Dance Revolution Extreme 2" in America and "Dance Dance Revolution Strike" in Japan, containing the new Dance Master Mode and improved EyeToy support. Max featured music by Natasha Bedingfield, Sugababes and Franz Ferdinand as well as new and old Konami Originals. Unlike the previous release, "Dancing Stage Fusion", Max was not ported to the arcades.

Question: Which Scottish rock band was featured in the game Dancing Stage Max?
Answer: Franz Ferdinand
Economy of Greece
In addition to the above, Greece is also to start oil and gas exploration in other locations in the Ionian Sea, as well as the Libyan Sea, within the Greek exclusive economic zone, south of Crete. The Ministry of the Environment, Energy and Climate Change announced that there was interest from various countries (including Norway and the United States) in exploration, and the first results regarding the amount of oil and gas in these locations were expected in the summer of 2012. In November 2012, a report published by Deutsche Bank estimated the value of natural gas reserves south of Crete at €427 billion.

Question: When were the first results of the energy explorations expected?
Answer: summer of 2012
Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History
The Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 2000 and devoted to research in the relatively new field of colonial studies. The journal is aimed at a wide variety of scholars concerned with the history and social and political impact of colonialism and imperialism. The journal covers pre-, post-, and colonial periods as well as controversial questions related to the transition to independence. The founder and first editor of the journal was Patricia W. Romero of Towson University, and the current editor is Clare Anderson of the University of Leicester. The journal is available exclusively as an electronic publication. It is published three times each year in April, August, and December by the Johns Hopkins University Press.
Towson University
Towson University (TU or Towson) is a public university in Towson, Maryland. It is a part of the University System of Maryland. Founded in 1866 as Maryland's first training school for teachers, Towson University has evolved into a university with eight colleges and over 20,000 students. Towson is one of the largest public universities in Maryland and still produces the most teachers of any university in the state. Towson University is ranked as the 98th-best public university and 197th-best overall university nationally in the 2020 U.S. News & World Report rankings.

Question: Who was the first editor of the Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History at Towson University?
Answer: Patricia W. Romero
Franco-Prussian War
On 10 October, hostilities began between German and French republican forces near Orléans. At first, the Germans were victorious but the French drew reinforcements and defeated a Bavarian force at the Battle of Coulmiers on 9 November. After the surrender of Metz, more than 100,000 well-trained and experienced German troops joined the German 'Southern Army'. The French were forced to abandon Orléans on 4 December, and were finally defeated at the Battle of Le Mans (10–12 January) . A second French army which operated north of Paris was turned back at the Battle of Amiens (27 November), the Battle of Bapaume (3 January 1871) and the Battle of St. Quentin (13 January).

Question: Of the three battles that occured north of Paris, which was the first that forced the French army to retreat?
Answer: Battle of Amiens
John Podesta
John David Podesta Jr. (born January 8, 1949) is an American political consultant who served as White House Chief of Staff to President Bill Clinton from 1998 to 2001 and Counselor to President Barack Obama from 2014 to 2015. Before that, he served in the Clinton Administration as White House Staff Secretary from 1993 to 1995 and White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations from 1997 to 1998.
John Podesta
He is the former president, and now Chair and Counselor, of the Center for American Progress (CAP), a think tank in Washington, D.C., as well as a Visiting Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center and was chairman of Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign.
Podesta Group
The Podesta Group was a lobbying and public affairs firm based in Washington, D.C. It was founded in 1988 by brothers John Podesta and Tony Podesta and has previously been known as Podesta Associates, podesta.com and PodestaMattoon. John Podesta left the firm in 1993, and Tony Podesta left the firm on October 30, 2017, after finding out about increased scrutiny of the firm. It has essentially ceased to exist since then. The firm reorganized in January 2007 after chairman Tony Podesta split with former business partner Dan Mattoon.
Podesta Group
Podesta Group, which represented American corporations as well as nonprofits and governments, was said in 2011 to have "close ties to the Democratic Party and the Obama administration", although its CEO Kimberley Fritts is identified in her Cogent Strategies bio as "a fixture in Republican politics". She resigned in November 2017 to establish her own firm, Cogent Strategies.

Question: In what year was the man who founded the Podesta Group with Tony Podesta born?
Answer: 1949
Mike Manley (artist)
Michael Manley (born October 19, 1961) is an American artist, most notable as a comic strip cartoonist and comic book inker and penciller. Manley currently draws two syndicated comic strips, "Judge Parker" and "The Phantom". He is also known for co-creating the Marvel Comics character Darkhawk.
Mike Manley (artist)
Manley's grandfather was a commercial artist, and Manley was therefore aware as a child that one could make a living at drawing. He says he always liked comics and cartooning, and recalls being impressed when "The Wonderful World of Disney" showed the [animation] artists working behind the scenes.
Shadowman (comics)
Shadowman is a fictional superhero who appears in comic books published by Valiant Comics. The character debuted in "Shadowman" #1 (May 1992), created by writers Jim Shooter and Steve Englehart, and artist Mike Manley. Shadowman appears in his own series and video games, as well as numerous other Valiant comics.

Question: Shadowman was a character drawn by the artist of what nationality?
Answer: American
Dani Osvaldo
Pablo Daniel Osvaldo (born 12 January 1986), commonly known as Dani Osvaldo (] ), is an Argentinian-born Italian footballer who plays as a forward for Primera División club Banfield.
2008 Toulon Tournament
The 2008 Toulon Tournament was the 36th edition of the Toulon Tournament, and was held from 20 May to 29 May 2008. Tournament finished with the final between Italy and Chile at Stade Mayol in Toulon as Italy had the title after the final score of 1–0, scored by Pablo Osvaldo in the 70th minute.

Question: The footballer that scored the winning goal at the 2008 Toulon Tournament played what position?
Answer: forward
Vincent Kok
Vincent Kok Tak-chiu (born 15 August 1966) is a Hong Kong actor, scriptwriter and film director.
Vincent Kok
Kok is best known for his frequent collaborations with Stephen Chow, acting and co-writing with him the films "Forbidden City Cop", "From Beijing with Love" and "The God of Cookery" in addition to producing and co-writing Chow's 2007 film "CJ7". He also made a cameo appearance in Chow's "Shaolin Soccer" as a hapless soccer player.
Robert G. Vignola
Robert G. Vignola (born Rocco Giuseppe Vignola, August 5, 1882 – October 25, 1953) was an Italian-American actor, screenwriter and film director. A former stage actor, he appeared in many motion pictures produced by Kalem Company and later moved to directing, becoming one of the silent screen's most prolific directors. He directed a handful of films in the early years of talkies but his career essentially ended in the silent era.

Question: What do Robert G. Vignola and Vincent Kok Tak-Chiu have in common?
Answer: screenwriter and film director
Ottoman Empire
Muslim sects regarded as heretical, such as the Druze, Ismailis, Alevis, and Alawites, ranked below Jews and Christians. In 1514, Sultan Selim I ordered the massacre of 40,000 Anatolian Alevis ("Qizilbash"), whom he considered a fifth column for the rival Safavid empire. Selim was also responsible for an unprecedented and rapid expansion of the Ottoman Empire into the Middle East, especially through his conquest of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. With these conquests, Selim further solidified the Ottoman claim for being an Islamic caliphate, although Ottoman sultans had been claiming the title of caliph since the 14th century starting with Murad I (reigned 1362 to 1389). The caliphate would remain held by Ottoman sultans for the rest of the office's duration, which ended with its abolition on 3 March 1924 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey and the exile of the last caliph, Abdülmecid II, to France.

Question: Under Sultan Selim I the empire swallowed what sultanate in Egypt?
Answer: Mamluk Sultanate
The Bronx
In 1997, the Bronx was designated an "All America City" by the National Civic League, acknowledging its comeback from the decline of the mid-century. In 2006, "The New York Times" reported that "construction cranes have become the borough's new visual metaphor, replacing the window decals of the 1980s in which pictures of potted plants and drawn curtains were placed in the windows of abandoned buildings." The borough has experienced substantial new building construction since 2002. Between 2002 and June 2007, 33,687 new units of housing were built or were under way and $4.8 billion has been invested in new housing. In the first six months of 2007 alone total investment in new residential development was $965 million and 5,187 residential units were scheduled to be completed. Much of the new development is springing up in formerly vacant lots across the South Bronx.

Question: Who gave the Bronx an award in 1997?
Answer: the National Civic League
Tucson, Arizona
I-19 runs south from Tucson toward Nogales and the U.S.-Mexico border. I-19 is the only Interstate highway that uses "kilometer posts" instead of "mileposts." Speed limits are marked in miles per hour and kilometers per hour.

Question: Which interstate is the only one that uses kilometer posts instead of mileposts?
Answer: I-19
Madonna
Madonna gave another provocative performance later that year at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, when she kissed singers Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera while singing the track "Hollywood". In October 2003, she provided guest vocals on Spears' single "Me Against the Music". It was followed with the release of "Remixed & Revisited". The EP contained remixed versions of songs from "American Life" and included "Your Honesty", a previously unreleased track from the "Bedtime Stories" recording sessions. Madonna also signed a contract with Callaway Arts & Entertainment to be the author of five children's books. The first of these books, titled "The English Roses", was published in September 2003. The story was about four English schoolgirls and their envy and jealousy of each other. The book debuted at the top of "The New York Times" Best Seller list and became the fastest-selling children's picture book of all time. Madonna donated all of its proceeds to children's charity.

Question: Madonna signed a contract with Callaway Arts and Entertainment to be a writer of what type of books?
Answer: children's books
Atlantic City, New Jersey
The first road connecting the city to the mainland at Pleasantville was completed in 1870 and charged a 30-cent toll. Albany Avenue was the first road to the mainland available without a toll.

Question: How much of a toll was charged on the first road to connect Atlantic City to the mainland?
Answer: 30-cent
Team2015
Team2015 was a political campaign initiative by the Conservative Party UK that aimed to recruit volunteers for the 2015 general election. It was set up by Grant Shapps, Conservative Party Chairman, as a vehicle for organizing volunteers to campaign in the target 40/40 seats. The core leads of the team are Stella Kyriazis, Charles Spungin and the Party Chairman's Office. As of December 2014 there were approximately 40,000 volunteers who had joined the initiative.
Grant Shapps
Grant Shapps (born 14 September 1968) is a British politician who has served as Secretary of State for Transport since 2019. Shapps also has Cabinet responsibility for the Northern Powerhouse. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Welwyn Hatfield since the 2005 general election. He served as Chairman of the Conservative Party from 2012 to 2015, also holding the title of Minister without Portfolio in the Cabinet Office. His salary was paid by the party.
Grant Shapps
Following the 2010 general election, he was appointed Minister of State for Housing and Local Government; the following 9 June, Shapps was appointed as a Privy Counsellor. On 11 May 2015, he resigned as party chairman after his appointment as Minister of State for International Development. On 28 November 2015, he stood down from his ministerial position due to allegations of bullying within the Conservative Party.

Question: Team2015 was setup by this politician who was former Minister of State at the Department for what?
Answer: International Development
That One Night
That One Night is a 2008 Canadian comedy film directed, written and produced by Rick Alyea and starring Crystal Lowe, Amanda Crew and Sam Easton. The film was shown at the 2008 Omaha Film Festival.
Final Destination 3
Final Destination 3 is a 2006 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wong. A standalone sequel to "Final Destination 2" (2003), it is the third installment in the "Final Destination" film series. Wong and Glen Morgan, who worked on the franchise's first film, wrote the screenplay. "Final Destination 3" stars Mary Elizabeth Winstead and Ryan Merriman, and takes place five years after the first film. Winstead plays Wendy Christensen, a high school graduate who has a premonition that a roller coaster she and her classmates are riding will derail. Although she saves some of them, Death begins hunting the survivors. Wendy realizes photographs she took at the amusement park contain clues about her classmates' death. With survivor and friend Kevin Fischer (Merriman), Wendy tries to use this knowledge to save the rest of them and ruin Death's scheme.
Final Destination 3
The film's development began shortly after the release of "Final Destination 2"; Jeffrey Reddick, creator of the franchise and a co-writer of the first two films, did not return for the third one. Unlike the second film, which was a direct sequel to the first, the producers envisioned "Final Destination 3" as a stand-alone film. The idea of featuring a roller coaster derailment as the opening-scene disaster came from New Line Cinema executive Richard Bryant. From the beginning, Wong and Morgan saw control as a major theme in the film. Casting began in March 2005 and concluded in April. Like the previous two installments, it was filmed in Vancouver, Canada. The first two weeks of the three-month shoot were spent filming the roller coaster's derailment.

Question: Who directed the horror film that stars the same actors as the comedy That One Night?
Answer: James Wong
Kittery Point, Maine
Kittery Point is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Kittery, York County, Maine, United States. First settled in 1623, Kittery Point traces its history to the first seafarers who colonized the shore of what became Massachusetts Bay Colony and later the State of Maine. Located beside the Atlantic Ocean, it is home to Fort McClary State Historic Site, and Fort Foster Park on Gerrish Island. Cutts Island is home to Seapoint Beach and the Brave Boat Harbor Division of the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge.
Fort McClary
Fort McClary is a former defensive fortification of the United States military located along the southern coast at Kittery Point, Maine at the mouth of the Piscataqua River. It was used throughout the 19th century to protect approaches to the harbor of Portsmouth, New Hampshire and the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery. The property and its surviving structures are now owned and operated by the State of Maine as Fort McClary State Historic Site, including a blockhouse dating from 1844.

Question: This census-designated place first settled in 1623 is home to a defensive fortification built at the mouth of what river?
Answer: Piscataqua River
Insect
Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the visible light wavelengths. Color vision has been demonstrated in many species and phylogenetic analysis suggests that UV-green-blue trichromacy existed from at least the Devonian period between 416 and 359 million years ago.

Question: What insect is not abel to perceive light and dark?
Answer: cave crickets
Hokkien
The pronounced divergence between literary and colloquial pronunciations found in Hokkien dialects is attributed to the presence of several strata in the Min lexicon. The earliest, colloquial stratum is traced to the Han dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE); the second colloquial one comes from the period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 - 589 CE); the third stratum of pronunciations (typically literary ones) comes from the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE) and is based on the prestige dialect of Chang'an (modern day Xi'an), its capital.

Question: The earliest colloquial stratum can be traced to what?
Answer: Han dynasty
Arsenal F.C.
For many years Arsenal's away colours were white or navy blue. However, in 1968 the FA banned navy shirts (they looked too similar to referees' black kit) so in the 1969–70 season, Arsenal introduced an away kit of yellow shirts with blue shorts. This kit was worn in the 1971 FA Cup Final as Arsenal beat Liverpool to secure the double for the first time in their history. The yellow and blue strip became almost as famous as their iconic red and white home kit. Arsenal reached the FA Cup final again the following year wearing the red and white home strip and were beaten by Leeds United. Arsenal then competed in three consecutive FA Cup finals between 1978 and 1980 wearing their "lucky" yellow and blue strip, which remained the club's away strip until the release of a green and navy away kit in 1982–83. The following season, Arsenal returned to the yellow and blue scheme, albeit with a darker shade of blue than before.

Question: When did Arsenal adolpt the away colors or yellow shirts and blue shorts?
Answer: 1969–70 season
Karl Popper
Popper left school at the age of 16 and attended lectures in mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology and the history of music as a guest student at the University of Vienna. In 1919, Popper became attracted by Marxism and subsequently joined the Association of Socialist School Students. He also became a member of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria, which was at that time a party that fully adopted the Marxist ideology. After the street battle in the Hörlgasse on 15 June 1919, when police shot eight of his unarmed party comrades, he became disillusioned by what he saw as the philosopher Karl Marx's "pseudo-scientific" historical materialism, abandoned the ideology, and remained a supporter of social liberalism throughout his life.

Question: At which age did Popper first attend university?
Answer: 16
Zealand
Zealand ( , ] , ), at 7,031 km, is the largest and most populous island in Denmark proper (thus excluding Greenland and Disko Island, which are larger). Zealand has a population of 2,319,705 (as of 1 January 2020).
Magleås
Magleås is a mansion in Høsterkøb near Birkerød in northern Zealand, Denmark. It is located in Rudersdal Municipality in the Capital Region of Denmark, 25 km. outside Copenhagen. The mansion includes 8 hectare park, and borders on the Rude Forest ("Rude Skov"). It also includes stables and a caretaker's house.

Question: What island in Denmark has 39% of the country's population and contains a mansion with an 8 hectare park?
Answer: Zealand
London
But the reach of English maritime enterprise hardly extended beyond the seas of north-west Europe. The commercial route to Italy and the Mediterranean Sea normally lay through Antwerp and over the Alps; any ships passing through the Strait of Gibraltar to or from England were likely to be Italian or Ragusan. Upon the re-opening of the Netherlands to English shipping in January 1565, there ensued a strong outburst of commercial activity. The Royal Exchange was founded. Mercantilism grew, and monopoly trading companies such as the East India Company were established, with trade expanding to the New World. London became the principal North Sea port, with migrants arriving from England and abroad. The population rose from an estimated 50,000 in 1530 to about 225,000 in 1605.

Question: What event greatly boosted English shipping and commerce?
Answer: the re-opening of the Netherlands to English shipping
Hydrogen
While H is not very reactive under standard conditions, it does form compounds with most elements. Hydrogen can form compounds with elements that are more electronegative, such as halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), or oxygen; in these compounds hydrogen takes on a partial positive charge. When bonded to a more electronegative element, particularly fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen, hydrogen can participate in a form of medium-strength noncovalent bonding with another electronegative element with a lone pair, a phenomenon called hydrogen bonding that is critical to the stability of many biological molecules. Hydrogen also forms compounds with less electronegative elements, such as metals and metalloids, where it takes on a partial negative charge. These compounds are often known as hydrides.

Question: Is H2 reactive in standard conditions?
Answer: not
List of numbered streets in Manhattan
Between Second and Third Avenues, 21st Street is alternatively known as Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way. Along the northern perimeter of Gramercy Park, between Gramercy Park East and Gramercy Park West, 21st Street is known as Gramercy Park North.

Question: Between what avenues is 21st Street known by Police Officer Anthony Sanchez Way?
Answer: Second and Third Avenues
Crucifixion of Jesus
In his book "The Crucifixion of Jesus", physician and forensic pathologist Frederick Zugibe studied the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus in great detail. Zugibe carried out a number of experiments over several years to test his theories while he was a medical examiner. These studies included experiments in which volunteers with specific weights were hanging at specific angles and the amount of pull on each hand was measured, in cases where the feet were also secured or not. In these cases the amount of pull and the corresponding pain was found to be significant.

Question: What specifics were recorded in his experiments?
Answer: amount of pull and the corresponding pain
Ex Mach Tina
"Ex Mach Tina" is the 8th episode of the seventh season of the American animated comedy series "Bob's Burgers" and the 115th episode overall. It was written by Greg Thompson and directed by Brian Loschiavo. Its guest stars are David Herman as Mr. Frond and as Mr. Branca, Robert Smigel as the school's night security guard, Samantha Bee as school nurse Liz, Jenny Slate as Tammy Larsen and Bobby Tisdale as Zeke. It originally aired in the US on FOX Network at January 8, 2017. In this episode Tina hurts her ankle and uses a telecommunication robot for school, so she can stay at home. Jimmy Jr. develops a relationship to the robot version of Tina. Meanwhile Bob buys a banjo and waits for a good moment to play it.
Bob's Burgers
Bob's Burgers is an American animated sitcom created by Loren Bouchard for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series centers on the Belcher family – parents Bob and Linda and their children Tina, Gene and Louise – who run a hamburger restaurant. The show was conceived by Bouchard after he developed "Home Movies". "Bob's Burgers" is a production by Bento Box Entertainment and 20th Century Fox Television and syndicated by 20th Television.

Question: Ex Mach Tina was the 8th episode of the series created by whom?
Answer: Loren Bouchard
Dell
From 1997 to 2004, Dell enjoyed steady growth and it gained market share from competitors even during industry slumps. During the same period, rival PC vendors such as Compaq, Gateway, IBM, Packard Bell, and AST Research struggled and eventually left the market or were bought out. Dell surpassed Compaq to become the largest PC manufacturer in 1999. Operating costs made up only 10 percent of Dell's $35 billion in revenue in 2002, compared with 21 percent of revenue at Hewlett-Packard, 25 percent at Gateway, and 46 percent at Cisco. In 2002, when Compaq merged with Hewlett-Packard (the fourth-place PC maker), the newly combined Hewlett-Packard took the top spot but struggled and Dell soon regained its lead. Dell grew the fastest in the early 2000s.

Question: What did Dell enjoy from 1997 to 2004?
Answer: steady growth
Washington University in St. Louis
Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility, he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates. "These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues, and they allow us to help bring national and international attention to the St. Louis region as one of America's great metropolitan areas," said Wrighton.

Question: What did  Chancellor Wrighton state as one of the reasons for hosting another debate at Washington University?
Answer: These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The Native American name controversy relates to the dispute over acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. Early settlers often adopted terms that some tribes used for each other, not realizing these were derogatory terms used by enemies. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempts to translate or transliterate endonyms from the native languages. Other terms arose during periods of conflict between the colonizers and indigenous peoples.

Question: Many of what have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas?
Answer: English exonyms
Aliens of the Deep
Aliens of the Deep is a 2005 American documentary film directed in part by James Cameron alongside fellow cameraman and friend Steven Quale, and filmed in the IMAX 3D format. It was produced by Walden Media and Walt Disney Pictures. Cameron teams with NASA scientists to explore the mid-ocean ridges, submerged chains of mountains in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans that are home to some of the planet's more unusual forms of life.
Earth (2007 film)
Earth is a 2007 nature documentary film which depicts the diversity of wild habitats and creatures across the planet. The film begins in the Arctic in January of one year and moves southward, concluding in Antarctica in the December of the same year. Along the way, it features the journeys made by three particular species—the polar bear, African bush elephant and humpback whale—to highlight the threats to their survival in the face of rapid environmental change. A companion piece to the 2006 BBC/Discovery television series "Planet Earth", the film uses many of the same sequences, though most are edited differently, and features previously unseen footage.

Question: Which documentary  was directed in part by James Cameron, Aliens of the Deep or Earth?
Answer: Aliens of the Deep
Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig
Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; 19 June 1861 – 29 January 1928) was a senior officer of the British Army. During the First World War, he commanded the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front from late 1915 until the end of the war. He was commander during the Battle of the Somme, the Battle of Arras, the Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele), the German Spring Offensive, and the final Hundred Days Offensive.
Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig
Although he had gained a favourable reputation during the immediate post-war years, with his funeral becoming a day of national mourning, Haig has, since the 1960s, become an object of criticism for his leadership during the First World War. He was nicknamed "Butcher Haig" for the two million British casualties endured under his command. The Canadian War Museum comments, "His epic but costly offensives at the Somme (1916) and Passchendaele (1917) have become nearly synonymous with the carnage and futility of First World War battles." On the other hand, some historians consider the Hundred Days Offensive of 1918 – the joint allied effort led by Foch that ended the war – and more particularly the British contribution to it, to be one of the greatest victories ever achieved in British military history.
Earl Haig Memorial
The Earl Haig Memorial is a bronze equestrian statue of the British Western Front commander Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig on Whitehall in Westminster, London. It was created by the sculptor Alfred Frank Hardiman and commissioned by Parliament in 1928. Eight years in the making, it aroused considerable controversy; the Field Marshal's riding position, his uniform, the horse's anatomy and its stance all drew harsh criticism. The inscription on the plinth reads 'Field Marshal Earl Haig Commander-in-Chief of the British Armies in France 1915–1918'.

Question: Was the honoree of the Earl Haig memorial a junior or senior officer of the British Army?
Answer: senior officer
Domenico Scarlatti
Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti (Naples, 26 October 1685 Madrid, 23 July 1757) was an Italian composer. He is classified primarily as a Baroque composer chronologically, although his music was influential in the development of the Classical style. Like his renowned father Alessandro Scarlatti, he composed in a variety of musical forms, although today he is known mainly for his 555 keyboard sonatas. He spent much of his life in the service of the Portuguese and Spanish royal families.
Domenico Scarlatti
Domenico Scarlatti was born in Naples, Kingdom of Naples, belonging to the Spanish Crown. He was born in 1685, the same year as Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel. Scarlatti was the sixth of ten children of the composer and teacher Alessandro Scarlatti. His older brother Pietro Filippo was also a musician.
Marcel Maas
Marcel Maas (7 May 1897 – 11 June 1950) was a Dutch-Belgian pianist. He died at his home in Sint-Genesius-Rode, on 11 June 1950. His repertoire includes Bach and Scarlatti to the moderns; he was an appreciated interpreter of the solo piano music of Franck, Debussy and Ravel.

Question: When was the Italian composer died who is Marcel Maas repertoire except Bach to the moderns?
Answer: 23 July 1757
Dominican Order
Although Dominic and the early brethren had instituted female Dominican houses at Prouille and other places by 1227, houses of women attached to the Order became so popular that some of the friars had misgivings about the increasing demands of female religious establishments on their time and resources. Nonetheless, women's houses dotted the countryside throughout Europe. There were seventy-four Dominican female houses in Germany, forty-two in Italy, nine in France, eight in Spain, six in Bohemia, three in Hungary, and three in Poland. Many of the German religious houses that lodged women had been home to communities of women, such as Beguines, that became Dominican once they were taught by the traveling preachers and put under the jurisdiction of the Dominican authoritative structure. A number of these houses became centers of study and mystical spirituality in the 14th century, as expressed in works such as the sister-books. There were one hundred and fifty-seven nunneries in the order by 1358. After that year, the number lessened considerably due to the Black Death.

Question: How many Dominican nunneries were there by 1358?
Answer: one hundred and fifty-seven
Nanjing
Under the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), the Nanjing area was known as Jiangning and served as the seat of government for the Viceroy of Liangjiang. It was the site of a Qing Army garrison. It had been visited by the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors a number of times on their tours of the southern provinces. Nanjing was threatened to be invaded by British troops during the close of the First Opium War, which was ended by the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. As the capital of the brief-lived rebel Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in the mid-19th century, Nanjing was known as Tianjing (). The rebellion destroyed most of the former Ming imperial buildings in the city, including the Porcelain Tower of Nanjing.

Question: What year did the First Opium War end?
Answer: 1842
Corexit
Corexit (often styled COREXIT) is a product line of oil dispersants used during oil spill response operations. It is produced by Nalco Holding Company, an indirect subsidiary of Ecolab. Corexit was originally developed by the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. Corexit is typically applied by aerial spraying or spraying from ships directly onto an oil slick. On contact with the dispersant, oil that would otherwise float on the surface of the water is emulsified into tiny droplets and sinks or (in the unusual case of sub-surface application) remains suspended in the water. In theory this allows the oil to be more rapidly degraded by bacteria (bioremediation) and prevents it from accumulating on beaches and in marshes.
Ecolab
Ecolab Inc., headquartered in St. Paul, Minnesota, is an American global provider of water, hygiene and infection preventions solutions and services to the food, healthcare, hospitality and industrial markets. It was founded as Economics Laboratory in 1923 by Merritt J. Osborn, and renamed "Ecolab" in 1986.

Question: The company that Corexit is an indirect subsidiary of is headquartered in what city?
Answer: St. Paul, Minnesota