qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Rush (2013 film)
Rush is a 2013 biographical sports film centred on the Hunt–Lauda rivalry between two Formula One drivers, the British James Hunt and the Austrian Niki Lauda during the 1976 Formula 1 motor-racing season. It was written by Peter Morgan, directed by Ron Howard and starred Chris Hemsworth as Hunt and Daniel Brühl as Lauda. The film premiered in London on 2 September 2013 and was shown at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival before its United Kingdom release on 13 September 2013.
Daniel Brühl
Daniel César Martin Brühl González Domingo (] ( ) ; born 16 June 1978) is a Spanish-German actor. He began his work at a young age in a German soap opera called "Verbotene Liebe" in 1995. In 2003, his starring role in the German film "Good Bye, Lenin!" received wider recognition and critical acclaim which garnered him the European Film Award for Best Actor and the German Film Award for Best Actor. Brühl has worked in both European and American productions in several different languages.

Question: What is the nationality of the actor who played Niki Lauda in the movie Rush ?
Answer: German
Lost Kingdom Adventure
Lost Kingdom Adventure is a Sally Corporation Interactive Dark Ride located at four Legoland theme parks around the world. Locations include Legoland California, Legoland Windsor (where it is known as Laser Raiders), Legoland Billund (where it is known as The Temple), Legoland Florida, Legoland Deutschland, and Legoland Malaysia.
Legoland Billund Resort
Legoland Billund, the original Legoland park, opened on 7 June 1968 in Billund, Denmark. The park is located next to the original Lego factory and Billund Airport, Denmark's second-busiest airport. Over 1.9 million guests visited the park in 2011, and since the opening more than 50 million guests have visited the park. This makes Legoland the largest tourist attraction in Denmark outside Copenhagen. The Legoland parks that have since been built are modelled upon Legoland Billund, most noticeably the Miniland area, which is made up of millions of plastic Lego bricks.

Question: Legoland Billund Resort, which includes the theme park ride Lost Kingdom, is located in what country?
Answer: Denmark
Zvjezdan Misimović
Zvjezdan Misimović ( , ] ; born 5 June 1982) is a Bosnian retired professional footballer who most notably played for Bayern Munich, VfL Wolfsburg, Galatasaray, Dynamo Moscow and Beijing Renhe as an attacking midfielder, during his active playing career. Misimović is the second most capped player in the history of the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team, capped 84 times. His 25 international goals also makes him his country's third top-goalscorer. He represented Bosnia and Herzegovina at 2014 FIFA World Cup.
2008–09 VfL Wolfsburg season
VfL Wolfsburg won their first ever Bundesliga title during this season. Manager Felix Magath formed an attacking lineup, which included strikers Edin Džeko and Grafite, the pair scoring 54 goals between them, much due to the help of attacking midfielder Zvjezdan Misimović's 20 assists.

Question: VfL Wolfsburg won their first ever Bundesliga title during this season, manager Felix Magath formed an attacking lineup, which included strikers Edin Džeko and Grafite, the pair scoring 54 goals between them, much due to the help of which attacking midfielder a Bosnian former footballer who most notably played for Bayern Munich, VfL Wolfsburg, Galatasaray, Dynamo Moscow and Beijing Renhe as an attacking midfielder, during his active playing career?
Answer: Zvjezdan Misimović
Thuringia
Mining was important in Thuringia since the later Middle Ages, especially within the mining towns of the Thuringian Forest such as Schmalkalden, Suhl and Ilmenau. Following the industrial revolution, the old iron, copper and silver mines declined because the competition from imported metal was too strong. On the other hand, the late 19th century brought new types of mines to Thuringia: the lignite surface mining around Meuselwitz near Altenburg in the east of the Land started in the 1870s, and two potash mining districts were established around 1900. These are the "Südharzrevier" in the north of the state, between Bischofferode in the west and Roßleben in the east with Sondershausen at its centre, and the "Werrarevier" on the Hessian border around Vacha and Bad Salzungen in the west. Together, they accounted for a significant part of the world's potash production in the mid-20th century. After the reunification, the "Südharzrevier" was abandoned, whereas K+S took over the mines in the "Werrarevier". Between 1950 and 1990, uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal. The centre was Ronneburg near Gera in eastern Thuringia and the operating company Wismut was under direct Soviet control.

Question: Why did the iron, copper and silver mines fail?
Answer: because the competition from imported metal was too strong
Jackson Martínez
Jackson Arley Martínez Valencia (] ; born 3 October 1986) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Portimonense.
Jackson Martínez
He is often nicknamed "Cha Cha Cha" for his dance-like moves on the pitch. He is also nicknamed "The Joker" cause of his free spirit personality. Noted columnist Tim Vickery describes him as "an out-and-out goalscorer, a front-to-goal centre-forward who can finish off both feet." He was Primeira Liga's top scorer in all three of his seasons with Porto, and totalled 94 goals in 143 games for the club. In July 2015, Martínez joined Atlético Madrid for €35 million, and six months later Guangzhou Evergrande of China for €42 million. He suffered an ankle injury that ruled him out for two years, before returning to Portugal with Portimonense.
2012–13 Primeira Liga
The 2012–13 Primeira Liga (also known as Liga ZON Sagres for sponsorship reasons) was the 79th season of the Primeira Liga, the top professional league for Portuguese association football clubs. It began on 19 August 2012 and concluded on 19 May 2013. Sixteen teams contested the league, fourteen of which took part in the previous season and two of which were promoted from the Liga de Honra. Porto were the defending champions and secured their third consecutive and 27th overall title, after completing their second unbeaten season in three years. Porto striker Jackson Martínez was the top scorer with 26 goals.

Question: What is the nationality of the top scorer of the 2012–13 Primeira Liga?
Answer: Colombian
Infection
Other microscopic procedures may also aid in identifying infectious agents. Almost all cells readily stain with a number of basic dyes due to the electrostatic attraction between negatively charged cellular molecules and the positive charge on the dye. A cell is normally transparent under a microscope, and using a stain increases the contrast of a cell with its background. Staining a cell with a dye such as Giemsa stain or crystal violet allows a microscopist to describe its size, shape, internal and external components and its associations with other cells. The response of bacteria to different staining procedures is used in the taxonomic classification of microbes as well. Two methods, the Gram stain and the acid-fast stain, are the standard approaches used to classify bacteria and to diagnosis of disease. The Gram stain identifies the bacterial groups Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, both of which contain many significant human pathogens. The acid-fast staining procedure identifies the Actinobacterial genera "Mycobacterium" and "Nocardia".

Question: How many methods comprise standard approaches used to classify bacteria and diagnose disease?
Answer: Two
Undiscovered (song)
"Undiscovered" is a song written by British singer James Morrison, Martin Brammer, Steve Robson and performed by Morrison. The song appears on Morrison's debut album "Undiscovered" and was released as his fourth single on 12 March 2007. "Undiscovered" was featured in the soundtrack for "She's Out of My League".
She's Out of My League
She's Out of My League is a 2010 American romantic comedy film directed by Jim Field Smith and written by Sean Anders and John Morris. The film stars Jay Baruchel and Alice Eve, and was produced by Jimmy Miller and David Householter for Paramount Pictures and DreamWorks Pictures and filmed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Production on the film finished in 2008. The film received its wide theatrical release on March 12, 2010. It is the first feature film directed by Smith.

Question: "Undiscovered" was featured in the soundtrack for a 2010 American romantic comedy film directed by who?
Answer: Jim Field Smith
The Spider and the Fly (Rowe book)
The Spider and the Fly was published on January 24, 2017, by Dey Street Books and was written by Claudia Rowe. It chronicles interviews between Rowe and serial killer Kendall Francois also known as "The Poughkeepsie Killer" and "Stinky."
Kendall Francois
Kendall Francois (July 26, 1971 – September 11, 2014) was an American serial killer from Poughkeepsie, New York, convicted of killing eight women, from 1996 to 1998. After his conviction and sentencing, Francois was housed in the Attica Correctional Facility until being transferred to the Wende Correctional Facility shortly before his death. It was revealed in his trial in 2000 that he tested positive for HIV in 1995, but this was not said to have been related to his death.

Question: Where did the serial killer that the novel The Spider and the Fly was based on die? 
Answer: Wende Correctional Facility
Botany
Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science. Medieval physic gardens, often attached to monasteries, contained plants of medical importance. They were forerunners of the first botanical gardens attached to universities, founded from the 1540s onwards. One of the earliest was the Padua botanical garden. These gardens facilitated the academic study of plants. Efforts to catalogue and describe their collections were the beginnings of plant taxonomy, and led in 1753 to the binomial system of Carl Linnaeus that remains in use to this day.

Question: When did universities start growing gardens?
Answer: 1540s onwards
Ptahmose (vizier)
Ptahmose was a High Priest of Amun and Vizier of southern Egypt-(Upper Egypt), under Amenhotep III (18th Dynasty). Certain historians place him at the end of the reign in 1378 BC. Others place him in the first part of the reign.
High Priest of Amun
The priesthood of Amun rose in power during the early Eighteenth dynasty through significant tributes to the god Amun by ruler such as Hatshepsut and more importantly Thutmose III. The Amun priesthood in Thebes had four high-ranking priests:

Question: Where was the center of the priesthood Ptahmose belonged to?
Answer: Thebes
Beyond the Fringe
Beyond the Fringe was a British comedy stage revue written and performed by Peter Cook, Dudley Moore, Alan Bennett, and Jonathan Miller. It played in London's West End and then in America, both on tour and on New York's Broadway in the early 1960s. Hugely successful, it is widely regarded as seminal to the "satire boom", the rise of satirical comedy in 1960s Britain.
Beyond the Fringe
The idea, of bringing together the best of revues by the Cambridge Footlights and The Oxford Revue, both of which had transferred to Fringe Festival for short runs in previous years, was conceived of, in 1960, by an Oxford graduate, Robert Ponsonby, artistic director for the Edinburgh International Festival. John Bassett, a graduate of Wadham College, Oxford, who was Ponsonby's assistant, recommended Dudley Moore, his jazz bandmate and a rising cabaret talent. Moore in turn recommended Alan Bennett, who had had a hit at Edinburgh a few years before. Bassett also chose Jonathan Miller, who had been a Footlights star in 1957. Miller recommended Cook.
Jonathan Miller
Sir Jonathan Wolfe Miller CBE (21 July 1934 – 27 November 2019) was an English theatre and opera director, actor, author, television presenter, humourist and medical doctor. After training in medicine and specialising in neurology in the late 1950s, he came to prominence in the early 1960s in the comedy revue "Beyond the Fringe" with Peter Cook, Dudley Moore and Alan Bennett.

Question: Beyond the Fridge featured a performance by Jonathan miller who first came to prominence when?
Answer: early 1960s
World War II
World War II (WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. In a state of total war, directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 30 countries, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities. Tens of millions of people died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), premeditated death from starvation, massacres, and disease. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, including in the use of strategic bombing of population centres, and the only uses of nuclear weapons in war.
Pogoń Lwów (1904)
LKS Pogoń Lwów is a former Polish professional sports club which was located in Lwów (now Lviv in Ukraine), and existed from 1904 until the outbreak of World War II in 1939. It was the second oldest Polish football club behind other teams from Lwów – Czarni and Lechia. With numerous departments, among them football, ice hockey and track and field, Pogoń was a major force of Polish sports in the interbellum period; its football team was never relegated from the elite Polish Football League. The club ceased to exist in September 1939, following German and Soviet aggression on Poland. On July 2, 1939, Pogoń played last pre-war official home game, drawing 1–1 with AKS Chorzów. The last pre-war game of the Pogoń's football team took place in Warsaw on August 20, 1939. Lwów's side lost 1–2 to Polonia Warszawa, scorer of the last goal was the 20-year-old forward Piotr Dreher. A club under the same name wishing to continue its traditions was formed in 2009.

Question: LKS Pogoń Lwów is a former Polish professional sports club which existed from 1904 until the outbreak of a war that lasted until what year?
Answer: 1945
Punisher
The Punisher (Francis "Frank" Castle, born Castiglione) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer Gerry Conway and artists John Romita Sr. and Ross Andru. The Punisher made his first appearance in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #129 (cover-dated February 1974).
Martin Soap
Lieutenant Martin Soap is a fictional police officer, and ally of the Marvel Comics antihero the Punisher. He was created by Garth Ennis and Steve Dillon, and first appeared in "The Punisher" Vol. 5, #2 (May 2000).

Question: Which writer created this fictional character in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, who is an ally of Martin Soap and appeared in "The Amazing Spider-Man?"
Answer: Gerry Conway
Nigeria
The area near the border with Cameroon close to the coast is rich rainforest and part of the Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests ecoregion, an important centre for biodiversity. It is habitat for the drill monkey, which is found in the wild only in this area and across the border in Cameroon. The areas surrounding Calabar, Cross River State, also in this forest, are believed to contain the world's largest diversity of butterflies. The area of southern Nigeria between the Niger and the Cross Rivers has lost most of its forest because of development and harvesting by increased population, with it being replaced by grassland ("see Cross-Niger transition forests").

Question: What type of monkey is only found in parts of Nigeria and Cameroon?
Answer: the drill monkey
American Idol
Teenager Sanjaya Malakar was the season's most talked-about contestant for his unusual hairdo, and for managing to survive elimination for many weeks due in part to the weblog Vote for the Worst and satellite radio personality Howard Stern, who both encouraged fans to vote for him. However, on the Top 7 results, Sanjaya was voted off.

Question: What season six American Idol contestant was known for his strange hairstyles?
Answer: Sanjaya Malakar
Leószilárdite
Leószilárdite is a mineral discovered by Travis Olds of the University of Notre Dame and colleagues in the Markey Mine in Utah, USA. They named the mineral in honor of Leó Szilárd, Hungarian-born physicist and inventor. Leószilárdite is the first naturally occurring sodium- and magnesium-containing uranyl carbonate. It is rare and water-soluble, and was discovered on a seam of carbon-rich material deposited by an ancient stream. Groundwater reacted with the uraninite ore to create leószilárdite and other minerals.
Leo Szilard
Leo Szilard ( ; ] ; born Leó Spitz; February 11, 1898 – May 30, 1964) was a Hungarian-American physicist and inventor. He conceived the nuclear chain reaction in 1933, patented the idea of a nuclear fission reactor in 1934, and in late 1939 wrote the letter for Albert Einstein's signature that resulted in the Manhattan Project that built the atomic bomb. According to György Marx he was one of the Hungarian scientists known as The Martians.

Question: A mineral discovered by Travis Olds is named in honor of what Hungarian-born physicist and inventor?
Answer: Leo Szilard
Laura Kirk
Laura Ellen Kirk (born 1966 in Lecompton, Kansas) is an American actress and university professor. She is most known for her role in "Lisa Picard Is Famous" (2000).
Lisa Picard Is Famous
Lisa Picard is Famous, also known as Famous, is a 2000 comedy-drama film directed by Griffin Dunne and written by Nat DeWolf & Laura Kirk. The film stars Kirk, DeWolf, Dunne, Daniel London, and a large number of famous actors in cameos as themselves.

Question: Where was the co-writer of Lisa Picard is Famous who is also a university professor born?
Answer: Lecompton, Kansas)
Locarno Festival
The Locarno Film Festival is an annual film festival held every August in Locarno, Switzerland. Founded in 1946, it is one of the longest-running film festivals, and is also known for being a prestigious platform for art house films. The festival screens films in various competitive and non-competitive sections, including feature-length narrative and documentary, short, avant-garde, and retrospective programs. The Piazza Grande section is held in one of the world's largest open-air screening venues, seating 8,000 spectators.
Mazhar Zaidi
Mazhar Zaidi ( ) is a British Pakistani Communications Specialist, CVE activist, digital content and film producer, artist, journalist, columnist and documentary director. He has produced several issue based documentaries and campaigns. He has developed, managed and delivered large international projects on CVE and produced digital campaigns on rights based issues for leading international non-governmental organisations including UKAid, IRC, CWS, creative Associates and Asia Foundation. He has written extensively on extremist groups in the sub-continent. He is best known for producing the 2013 Pakistani film "Zinda Bhaag", which earned him international recognition and accolades and became the country's first entry to Academy Awards after a gap of over 50 years. The film also won many international awards. One of his films "Gardaab" which was set in extremist violence prone neighbourhoods of Karachi, screened at "London Indian Film Festival" in June 2017 and "Jeewan Hathi" was screened at Locarno Film Festival in Switzerland in August 2017. He along with his partners Meenu Gaur and Farjad Nabi also recently curated an art exhibition titled "Art SabKa" focussing on contemporary art inspired by Pakistani Cinema.

Question: Mazhar Zaidi had a film screened at the 2017 Swiss film festival that was founded in what year?
Answer: 1946
Bermuda
CARICOM is a socio-economic bloc of nations in or near the Caribbean Sea established in 1973. Other outlying member states include the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and the Republic of Suriname in South America, and Belize in Central America. The Turks and Caicos Islands, an associate member of CARICOM, and the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, a full member of CARICOM, are in the Atlantic, but close to the Caribbean. Other nearby nations or territories, such as the United States, are not members (although the US Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has observer status, and the United States Virgin Islands announced in 2007 that they would seek ties with CARICOM). Bermuda has minimal trade with the Caribbean region, and little in common with it economically, being roughly a thousand miles from the Caribbean Sea; it joined CARICOM primarily to strengthen cultural links with the region.

Question: Who has "observer status" to CARICOM?
Answer: US Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
Utah State University
Utah State University (USU or Utah State) is a public land-grant research university in Logan, Utah. It is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities. With nearly 20,000 students living on or near campus, USU is Utah's largest public residential campus. As of Fall 2019, there were 27,810 students enrolled including 24,669 undergraduate students and 3,141 graduate students. The university has the highest percentage of out-of-state students of any public university in Utah totaling 23% of the student body.
Space Dynamics Laboratory
Space Dynamics Laboratory (SDL) is a nonprofit government contractor owned by Utah State University. SDL was formed in 1982 from the merger of Utah State University's Electro Dynamics Laboratories (founded in 1959) and the University of Utah's Upper Air Research Laboratory (founded in 1948). The corporation has been responsible for the design, fabrication, and operation of sensors on over 430 payloads ranging from aircraft and rocket-borne experiments to space shuttle experiments and satellite-based sensor systems. SDL is the Missile Defense Agency's University Affiliated Research Center (UARC) and one of 14 UARCs in the nation. SDL provides sensor systems and supporting technologies to address challenges for the United States government. SDL designs and develops electro-optical sensors, builds small satellites, provides calibration services, and creates real-time data reconnaissance systems.
Space Dynamics Laboratory
SDL employs over 900 engineers, students, and professional staff at facilities in Logan, Utah; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Bedford, Massachusetts; Dayton, Ohio; Huntsville, Alabama; Houston, Texas; Los Angeles, California; and Washington, D.C.

Question: What university in Logan Utah owns Space Dynamics Laboratory?
Answer: Utah State University
Only Girl (In the World)
"Only Girl (In the World)" is a song by Barbadian singer Rihanna from her fifth album, "Loud" (2010). The album's lead single, it was released on September 10, 2010. Crystal Johnson wrote the song in collaboration with producers Stargate and Sandy Vee. Rihanna contacted Stargate before "Loud"'s production and asked them to create lively, uptempo music. "Only Girl (In the World)" was the first song composed for the album, and the singer decided to include it on the track list before she recorded her vocals. Backed by strong bass and synthesizer, it is a dance-pop song that has an electronic composition. In its lyrics, Rihanna demands physical attention from her lover.
Kuk Harrell
Thaddis Laphonia "Kuk" Harrell is an American songwriter, vocal producer, arranger and engineer. He was a member of a songwriting–production team composed of himself, Christopher "Tricky" Stewart and Terius "The Dream" Nash. In 2011, Kuk Harrell and partner Tricky Stewart joined the ranks of Fox's "American Idol" along with music mogul Jimmy Iovine, producing many of the songs performed on television by the contestants and released via iTunes. 2011 marked the highly anticipated return of Jennifer Lopez and her album LOVE? in which Kuk served as Album Vocal Producer. Earning his fourth Grammy for the vocal production of Rihanna's No. 1 Billboard Single "Only Girl (In the World)", Harrell is also the vocal producer and co-writer of Rihanna's Grammy-winning single "Umbrella". A composer and engineer on Beyoncé's chart topping "Single Ladies (Put A Ring On It)" from the album "I Am... Sasha Fierce", he is also vocal producer and engineer of the Diane Warren-penned "I Was Here" from Beyoncé's 2011 album "4". He also produced the majority of the vocals on Mary J. Blige's Platinum album "Growing Pains", which recently won a Grammy for "Best Contemporary R&B Album", 2008. The first single from "Growing Pains", "Just Fine", earned a Grammy nomination for best R&B vocal performance in 2007.

Question: In what year was the single that Kuk Harrell won his fourth Grammy for producing released?
Answer: 2010
Nevada Test Site
The Nevada National Security Site (N2S2 or NNSS), known as the Nevada Test Site (NTS) until August 23, 2010, is a United States Department of Energy (DoE) reservation located in southeastern Nye County, Nevada, about 65 miles (105 km) northwest of the city of Las Vegas. Formerly known as the Nevada Proving Grounds, the site was established on January 11, 1951 for the testing of nuclear devices, covering approximately 1,360 square miles (3,500 km) of desert and mountainous terrain. Nuclear weapons testing at the Nevada Test Site began with a 1-kiloton-of-TNT (4.2 TJ) bomb dropped on Frenchman Flat on January 27, 1951. Over the subsequent four decades, over one thousand nuclear explosions were detonated at the NTS. Many of the iconic images of the nuclear era come from the NTS. NNSS is operated by Mission Support and Test Services, LLC.
Nevada Test Site
During the 1950s, the mushroom clouds, from the 100 atmospheric tests, could be seen from almost 100 mi away. The city of Las Vegas experienced noticeable seismic effects, and the mushroom clouds, which could be seen from the downtown hotels, became tourist attractions. St. George, Utah, received the brunt of the fallout of above-ground nuclear testing in the Yucca Flats/Nevada Test Site. Westerly winds routinely carried the fallout of these tests directly through St. George and southern Utah. Marked increases in cancers, such as leukemia, lymphoma, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, bone cancer, brain tumors, and gastrointestinal tract cancers, were reported from the mid-1950s through 1980. A further 921 nuclear tests were carried out underground.
Pahute Mesa (landform)
The Pahute Mesa (landform) is a large, 60 mi long mesa in southern Nye County, Nevada. The mesa's southeast region lies in the Nevada Test Site which is southeast; the region in the test site is called Pahute Mesa, one of the major test site sub-regions.
Pahute Mesa (landform)
The central, and some southeast sections of the Pahute Mesa are the south-southwest flowing upland watersheds of the Amargosa River which flows south past Beatty and the Bare Mountains. The river enters the Amargosa Desert and Valley just south of Beatty, a northeast watershed tributary to southern Death Valley.

Question: The Pahute Mesa's southeast region lies in what was formerly known as what?
Answer: Nevada Proving Grounds
Order of the British Empire
The Beatles were appointed Members in 1965: John Lennon justified the comparative merits of his investiture by comparing military membership in the Order: "Lots of people who complained about us receiving the MBE [status] received theirs for heroism in the war — for killing people ... We received ours for entertaining other people. I'd say we deserve ours more." Lennon later returned his MBE insignia on 25 November 1969, as part of his ongoing peace protests. Other criticism centres on the claim that many recipients of the Order are being rewarded with honours for simply doing their jobs; critics claim that the Civil Service and Judiciary receive far more orders and honours than leaders of other professions.

Question: Who compared military membership in the Order?
Answer: John Lennon
Germans
The event of the Protestant Reformation and the politics that ensued has been cited as the origins of German identity that arose in response to the spread of a common German language and literature. Early German national culture was developed through literary and religious figures including Martin Luther, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller. The concept of a German nation was developed by German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder. The popularity of German identity arose in the aftermath of the French Revolution.

Question: What is credited with the origins of the German identity?
Answer: Protestant Reformation
Derrick Gainer
Derrick "Smoke" Gainer (born August 22, 1972, in Pensacola, Florida) is a US born boxer who started out in the featherweight division and now fights in the lightweight division. In 2000, he defeated Freddie Norwood to win the World Boxing Association (WBA) featherweight title and after four defenses lost to Juan Manuel Márquez, who became super champion, via technical decision in 2003. Since his defeat to Marquez, Gainer lost in a challenge to WBA titleholder Chris John via unanimous decision. Gainer is also a colleague and good friend of Roy Jones Jr., and often fought on his under-cards.
Chris John (boxer)
Yohannes Christian "Chris" John (born 14 September 1979) is an Indonesian former professional boxer who competed from 1998 to 2013. He held the WBA (Super) featherweight title from 2004 to 2013, with his near decade-long reign being the second longest in the division's history (after Johnny Kilbane). During his reign, John defended the title against 16 boxers, the second most in featherweight history (after Eusebio Pedroza).

Question: What was the nationality of the WBA titleholder that Derrick Gainer lost to in a unanimous decision since his defeat to Juan Manuel Márquez?
Answer: Indonesian
John Battelle
John Linwood Battelle (born November 4, 1965) is an entrepreneur, author and journalist. Best known for his work creating media properties, Battelle helped launch" Wired "in the 1990s and launched "The Industry Standard "during the dot-com boom. In 2005, he founded the online advertising network Federated Media Publishing. In January 2014, Battelle sold Federated Media Publishing's direct sales business to LIN Media and relaunched the company's programmatic advertising business from Lijit Networks to sovrn Holdings.
The Industry Standard
The Industry Standard is a U.S. news web site dedicated to technology business news, part of InfoWorld, a news website covering technology in general. It is a revival of a weekly magazine based in San Francisco which was published between 1998 and 2001.

Question: What website dedicated to United States technology business news did John Battelle launch during the dot-com boom? 
Answer: The Industry Standard
University of Notre Dame
The Victory March was written by two brothers. Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is, "Cheer cheer for old Notre Dame, wake up the echos cheering her name. Send a volley cheer on high, shake down the thunder from the sky! What though the odds be great or small, old Notre Dame will win over all. While her loyal sons are marching, onward to victory!"

Question: Who wrote the original lyrics to the Notre Dame Victory March?
Answer: John F. Shea
Empires Airlines
Empires Airlines was an airline that merged with Zimmerly Air Lines in 1946 to form West Coast Airlines. West Coast Airlines later merged with two other airlines to form Hughes Airwest in 1968. In 1980 Hughes Airwest was acquired by Republic Airlines, which was acquired in 1986 by Northwest Airlines. Northwest Airlines was approved to merge with Delta Air Lines on October 29, 2008.
Northwest Airlines
Northwest Airlines Corp. (abbreviated in initials as NWA; stylized as nwa) was a major United States airline founded in 1926 and absorbed into Delta Air Lines, Inc. by a merger. The merger, approved on October 29, 2008, made Delta the largest airline in the world until the American Airlines-US Airways merger on December 9, 2013. Northwest continued to operate under its own name and brand until the integration of the carriers was completed on January 31, 2010.

Question: The first airline before Empires Airlines was absorbed into Delta Air Lines and was the largest airline in the world until what year?
Answer: 2013
The Beach Boys
The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California in 1961. The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson, their cousin Mike Love, and their friend Al Jardine. Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era. The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as composer, arranger, producer, and de facto leader, they often incorporated classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.
Raymond Louis Kennedy
Raymond Louis "Ray" Kennedy (November 26, 1946 – February 16, 2014) was an American singer, songwriter, musician and record producer, based in Los Angeles. His works span multiple genres including R&B, pop, rock, jazz, fusion, acid rock, country and many others. He co-wrote "Sail On, Sailor", one of The Beach Boys' mid-career hits, as well as two hits for The Babys: "Everytime I Think of You" and "Isn't It Time".

Question: What mid-career hit of a Hawthorne, California-based rock band was co-written by Ray Kennedy?
Answer: "Sail On, Sailor"
Switzerland
The government exerts greater control over broadcast media than print media, especially due to finance and licensing. The Swiss Broadcasting Corporation, whose name was recently changed to SRG SSR, is charged with the production and broadcast of radio and television programmes. SRG SSR studios are distributed throughout the various language regions. Radio content is produced in six central and four regional studios while the television programmes are produced in Geneva, Zürich, Basel, and Lugano. An extensive cable network also allows most Swiss to access the programmes from neighbouring countries.

Question: What was the Swiss Broadcasting Corporations name recently changed to?
Answer: SRG SSR
Hurricane No. 1
Hurricane #1 are an English rock band, formed in Oxford in 1996. The band were formed by former Ride guitarist Andy Bell, along with vocalist / guitarist Alex Lowe, bassist Will Pepper and drummer Gareth "Gaz" Farmer. After releasing two albums, "Hurricane #1" (1997) and "Only the Strongest Will Survive" (1999), the band broke-up. Bell went to join Gay Dad and then eventually Oasis, while Lowe ventured into a solo career. Fronted by Lowe, the band reformed in 2014 and released their third album, "Find What You Love and Let It Kill You", in November 2015.
DC Talk
DC Talk (stylized as dc Talk) is a Christian rap and rock trio. The group was formed at Liberty University in Lynchburg, Virginia in 1987 by Toby McKeehan, Michael Tait, and Kevin Max Smith. They released five major studio albums together: "DC Talk" (1989), "Nu Thang" (1990), "Free at Last" (1992), "Jesus Freak" (1995), and "Supernatural" (1998). In 2002, the "Encyclopedia of Contemporary Christian Music" called DC Talk "the most popular overtly Christian act of all time."

Question: Which group was formed first Hurricane No. 1 or DC Talk?
Answer: DC Talk
51st state
In Canada, "the 51st state" is a phrase generally used in such a way as to imply that if a certain political course is taken, Canada's destiny will be as little more than a part of the United States. Examples include the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement in 1988, the debate over the creation of a common defense perimeter, and as a potential consequence of not adopting proposals intended to resolve the issue of Quebec sovereignty, the Charlottetown Accord in 1992 and the Clarity Act in 1999.

Question: When was the Charlottetown Accord signed?
Answer: 1992
Just Jenn Productions
Just Jenn Productions is an American television production company founded by Jennifer Graziano. It handles the reality television shows produced by The Weinstein Company. Graziano is the daughter of New York City mobster and Bonanno crime family consigliere Anthony Graziano, and the sister of "Mob Wives" reality star Renee Graziano.
Renee Graziano
Renee Graziano (born July 12, 1968) is an American reality television personality and author. She is known for being the daughter of Anthony Graziano, a former consigliere of the Bonanno crime family and her roles in two reality television shows, "Mob Wives" and "Celebrity Big Brother". In 2016, Renee came third on "Celebrity Big Brother 18".

Question: Who is the sister of Jenn productions Jennifer Graziano and is also a television personality from the shows, "Mob Wives" and "Celebrity Big Brother"?
Answer: Renee Graziano
Joseph Heller
Joseph Heller (May 1, 1923 – December 12, 1999) was an American author of novels, short stories, plays, and screenplays. His best-known work is the novel "Catch-22", a satire on war and bureaucracy, whose title has become a synonym for an absurd or contradictory choice.
Joseph Heller
Heller was born on May 1, 1923 in Coney Island in Brooklyn, New York, the son of poor Jewish parents, Lena and Isaac Donald Heller, from Russia. Even as a child, he loved to write; as a teenager, he wrote a story about the Russian invasion of Finland and sent it to the New York "Daily News", which rejected it. After graduating from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1941, Heller spent the next year working as a blacksmith's apprentice, a messenger boy, and a filing clerk. 
Snowden (band)
Snowden was an indie rock band fronted by musician and songwriter Jordan Jeffares. The name is inspired by Snowden, a fictional character from the novel "Catch-22" by Joseph Heller.

Question: The rock band Snowden's name is related to which Joseph Heiler satirical novel on war and bureaucracy?
Answer: Catch-22
Chris Hemsworth
Christopher Hemsworth (born 11 August 1983) is an Australian actor. He first rose to prominence in Australia playing Kim Hyde in the Australian television series "Home and Away" (2004–07) before beginning a film career in Hollywood. Hemsworth is best known for playing Thor in eight Marvel Cinematic Universe films, beginning with "Thor" (2011) and appearing most recently in "" (2019), which established him as one of the leading and highest-paid actors in the world.
Chris Hemsworth
Hemsworth's other film roles include the action films "Star Trek" (2009), "Snow White and the Huntsman" (2012), "Red Dawn" (2012), "Blackhat" (2015), "" (2019), and "Extraction" (2020); the thriller "A Perfect Getaway" (2009); and the comedy "Ghostbusters" (2016). His most critically acclaimed films include the comedy horror "The Cabin in the Woods" (2012) and the biographical sports film "Rush" (2013), in which he portrayed James Hunt.
Kim Hyde
Kimberly "Kim" Hyde was a fictional character from the Australian soap opera "Home and Away", played by Chris Hemsworth. He made his first on screen appearance on 17 February 2004 and departed on 3 July 2007.

Question: Australian actor, best known for playing Kim Hyde, fictional character on Home and Away, was born on what day?
Answer: 11 August 1983
Sophocles
Sophocles ( ; Greek: "Sophoklēs", ] ; 497/6 – winter 406/5 BC) is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than or contemporary with those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays during the course of his life, but only seven have survived in a complete form: "Ajax", "Antigone", "Women of Trachis", "Oedipus Rex", "Electra", "Philoctetes" and "Oedipus at Colonus". For almost 50 years, Sophocles was the most celebrated playwright in the dramatic competitions of the city-state of Athens that took place during the religious festivals of the Lenaea and the Dionysia. He competed in 30 competitions, won 24, and was never judged lower than second place. Aeschylus won 13 competitions, and was sometimes defeated by Sophocles, while Euripides won four competitions.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 22
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 22 (P. Oxy. 22) contains fragments of the "Oedipus Tyrannus" by Sophocles, written in Greek. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The fragment is dated to the fifth century. It is housed in the British Library (Department of Manuscripts). The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

Question: A work of what one of the three ancient Greek tragedians was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt?
Answer: Sophocles
Camp Smith (New York)
Camp Smith is a military installation of the New York Army National Guard in Cortlandt Manor near Peekskill, NY, about 30 mi north of New York City, at the northern border of Westchester County, and consists of 1900 acre . Established in 1882 by General Frederick Townsend, Adjutant General of New York, it was formerly known as "Camp Townsend", but was renamed in 1919 to "Camp Smith" for Governor Alfred E. Smith of New York.
Frederick Townsend
Frederick Townsend (September 21, 1825 – September 12, 1897) was a Union officer in the American Civil War. He founded and was Colonel of the 3rd New York Infantry Regiment, and later served with the US Army's 18th and 9th Infantry regiments, where he was brevetted a brigadier general. Townsend served three terms as Adjutant General of New York from 1857–1861, and again in 1880.

Question: When was the General of American Civil War born who established Camp Smith?
Answer: September 21, 1825
Friedrich Hayek
At the University of Vienna, Hayek earned doctorates in law and political science in 1921 and 1923 respectively and also studied philosophy, psychology and economics. For a short time, when the University of Vienna closed he studied in Constantin von Monakow's Institute of Brain Anatomy, where Hayek spent much of his time staining brain cells. Hayek's time in Monakow's lab and his deep interest in the work of Ernst Mach inspired his first intellectual project, eventually published as "The Sensory Order" (1952). It located connective learning at the physical and neurological levels, rejecting the "sense data" associationism of the empiricists and logical positivists. Hayek presented his work to the private seminar he had created with Herbert Furth called the Geistkreis.

Question: Where did first show his work?
Answer: the Geistkreis
Valentín Elizalde
Valentín Elizalde Valencia (] ; 1 February 1979 – 25 November 2006) was a Regional Mexican singer. Known by the nickname "El Gallo de Oro" (The Golden Rooster), his biggest hits included: "Vete Ya," "Ebrio de Amor", " Vete Con Él", "Vuelve Cariñito", "Cómo Me Duele", "Vencedor", " Mi Virgencita", and "Soy Así". Some of his songs were narcocorridos eulogizing Mexican drug lords like Vicente Carrillo Fuentes. He was murdered in an ambush, allegedly by members of the drug trafficking gang Los Zetas, which at that time served as the armed wing of the Gulf Cartel.
Vicente Carrillo Fuentes
Vicente Carrillo Fuentes (born October 16, 1962), commonly referred to by his alias El Viceroy, is a Mexican suspected drug lord and former leader of the Juárez Cartel, a drug trafficking organization. The cartel is based in Chihuahua, one of the primary transportation routes for billions of dollars' worth of illegal drug shipments entering the United States from Mexico annually. He was one of Mexico's most-wanted drug lords.

Question: What is the alias of the drug lord that Valentín Elizalde eulogized in one of his songs ?
Answer: El Viceroy
Insect
The eusocial insects build nests, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality).
Insect
Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eggs, and sometimes continue guarding their offspring until adulthood, and possibly even feeding them. Another simple form of parental care is to construct a nest (a burrow or an actual construction, either of which may be simple or complex), store provisions in it, and lay an egg upon those provisions. The adult does not contact the growing offspring, but it nonetheless does provide food. This sort of care is typical for most species of bees and various types of wasps.

Question: What do eusocial insects build?
Answer: nest
Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)
"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé, from her third studio album, "I Am... Sasha Fierce" (2008). Columbia Records released "Single Ladies" as a single on October 13, 2008 as a Double A-side alongside "If I Were a Boy", showcasing the contrast between Beyoncé and her aggressive onstage alter ego Sasha Fierce. It explores men's unwillingness to propose or commit. In the song, the female protagonist is in a club to celebrate her single status.
The-Dream
Terius Youngdell Nash (born September 20, 1977), better known by his stage name The-Dream, is an American singer, songwriter and record producer. His co-writing credits include songs with "Me Against the Music" (2003) for Britney Spears, "Ride" (2010) for Ciara, "Umbrella" (2007) for Rihanna, "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" (2008) and "Partition" (2013) for Beyoncé, "Touch My Body" (2008) for Mariah Carey, "16 @ War" for Karina Pasian (2008), and "Baby" (2010) for Justin Bieber. As a solo recording artist, he released five studio albums between 2007 and 2013: "Love/Hate" (2007), "Love vs. Money" (2009), "Love King" (2010), "1977" (2011) and "IV Play" (2013). His most recent album release was the 2018 triple album "Ménage à Trois: Sextape Vol. 1, 2, 3".

Question: The-Dream's co-writing credits include a song from Beyonce that explores men's unwillingness to propose or commit, and was on what album?
Answer: I Am... Sasha Fierce
Long John Silver
Silver claims to have served in the Royal Navy and lost his leg under "the immortal Hawke". "His left leg was cut off close by the hip, and under the left shoulder, he carried a crutch, which he managed with wonderful dexterity, hopping about upon it like a bird. He was very tall and strong, with a face as big as a ham—plain and pale, but intelligent and smiling."
Long John Silver
He also claims to have been the only man whom Flint ever feared. Like many of Stevenson's characters, there is significant duality in the character; ostensibly Silver is a hardworking and likeable seaman, and it is only as the plot unfolds that his villainous nature is gradually revealed. His relationship with Jim Hawkins, the novel's protagonist and narrator, belies that duality, as he serves as a mentor and eventually father-figure to Jim, creating much shock and emotion when it is discovered that he is in charge of the mutiny, and especially when Jim must confront and fight him later on.
Treasure Island (1920 film)
Treasure Island is a 1920 silent film adaptation of the 1883 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson, directed by Maurice Tourneur, and released by Paramount Pictures. Lon Chaney played two different key roles in this production. Charles Ogle, who had played Frankenstein's Monster in the first filmed version of "Frankenstein" a decade earlier at Edison Studios, portrayed Long John Silver.

Question: Who played a cunning an opportunistic pirate that had been quartermastered under the notorious Captain Flint?
Answer: Charles Ogle