qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Reformation in Switzerland
The Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate (Mark Reust) and population of Zürich in the 1520s. It led to significant changes in civil life and state matters in Zürich and spread to several other cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy. Seven cantons remained Roman Catholic, though, which led to inter-cantonal wars known as the Wars of Kappel. After the victory of the Catholic cantons in 1531, they proceeded to institute counter-reformatory policies in some regions. The schism and distrust between Catholic and Protestant cantons would define their interior politics and paralyse any common foreign policy until well into the 18th century.
Königsfelden Monastery
Königsfelden Monastery is a former Franciscan double monastery, which housed both a community of Poor Clare nuns and one of Franciscan friars, living in separate wings, in the municipality of Windisch in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It was founded in 1308 by the Habsburgs. In the course of the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland in 1528 it was secularized, and the complex was then the residence of the bailiffs of Bern.

Question: Who initiated the reformation which secularized the Königsfelden Monastery in 1598? 
Answer: Huldrych Zwingli
La sonnambula
La sonnambula ("The Sleepwalker") is an opera semiseria in two acts, with music in the "bel canto" tradition by Vincenzo Bellini set to an Italian libretto by Felice Romani, based on a scenario for a "ballet-pantomime" written by Eugène Scribe and choreographed by Jean-Pierre Aumer called "La somnambule, ou L'arrivée d'un nouveau seigneur". The ballet had premiered in Paris in September 1827 at the height of a fashion for stage works incorporating somnambulism.
Paul Bunyan (operetta)
Paul Bunyan, Op 17, is an operetta in two acts and a prologue composed by Benjamin Britten to a libretto by W. H. Auden, designed for performance by semi-professional groups. It premiered at Columbia University on 5 May 1941, to largely negative reviews, and was withdrawn by the composer. Britten revised it somewhat in 1976 and subsequently it had numerous performances and two commercial recordings. The story is based on the folkloric American lumberjack, Paul Bunyan, with the music incorporating a variety of American styles, including folk songs, blues and hymns. The work is strongly sectional in nature, highly reminiscent of the 'Broadway musical' style of the period.

Question: Are  Paul Bunyan and La sonnambula both Italian operas?
Answer: no
Jung Dong-ha
Jung Dong-ha (born Jung Jae-hwan on April 17, 1980) is a South Korean singer, musical actor, radio personality and a vocal major professor at Kyungpook National University. Jung joined as a vocalist of South Korean rock band Boohwal in 2005 and after release three album with Boohwal, Jung departure from the band in 2014. Jung has over 3 octaves vocal range of F#2 ~ C#6 and been praised by many vocal critics for his wide supported range and the ability to resonate notes without tension. Jung is also well known for his ability to switch between different style of singing at will, from a clean note, to a rocky raspy note.
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (often colloquially known as Joseph) is a musical comedy with lyrics by Tim Rice and music by Andrew Lloyd Webber. The story is based on the "coat of many colours" story of Joseph from the Bible's Book of Genesis. This was the first Lloyd Webber and Rice musical to be performed publicly; their first collaboration, "The Likes of Us", written in 1965, was not performed until 2005.

Question:  Jung Dong-ha plays a role in a musical with lyrics by who?
Answer: Tim Rice
Emmanuel Clottey (boxer)
Emmanuel Clottey (born April 17, 1974) is a Ghanaian professional boxer in the Welterweight division. He's the brother of fringe contender Judas Clottey and former world champion Joshua Clottey.
Joshua Clottey
Joshua Clottey (born October 6, 1977) is a Ghanaian former professional boxer who competed from 1995 to 2019, and held the IBF welterweight title from 2008 to 2009. Born in Accra, Ghana, Clottey now lives in The Bronx, New York. At the peak of his career, he was notable for his exceptionally durable chin, and was never stopped in any of his five losses. his recent fight which he won was with opponent Azziz Mponda from Tanzania. Clottey won by tko in round 8.
Joshua Clottey
As a child in his native Ghana, Clottey had a passion for football, a sport that was also played by his father. Clottey moved and spent a few years in the United Kingdom then later to the United States.

Question: Which boxer was born first, Emmanuel Clottey or Joshua Clottey?
Answer: Emmanuel Clottey
The Blitz
Raids during the Blitz produced the greatest divisions and morale effects in the working-class areas, with lack of sleep, insufficient shelters and inefficiency of warning systems being major causes. The loss of sleep was a particular factor, with many not bothering to attend inconvenient shelters. The Communist Party made political capital out of these difficulties. In the wake of the Coventry Blitz, there was widespread agitation from the Communist Party over the need for bomb-proof shelters. Many Londoners, in particular, took to using the Underground railway system, without authority, for shelter and sleeping through the night. So worried were the government over the sudden campaign of leaflets and posters distributed by the Communist Party in Coventry and London, that the police were sent to seize their production facilities. The government up until November 1940, was opposed to the centralised organisation of shelter. Home Secretary Sir John Anderson was replaced by Morrison soon afterwards, in the wake of a Cabinet reshuffle as the dying Neville Chamberlain resigned. Morrison warned that he could not counter the Communist unrest unless provision of shelters were made. He recognised the right of the public to seize tube stations and authorised plans to improve their condition and expand them by tunnelling. Still, many British citizens, who had been members of the Labour Party, itself inert over the issue, turned to the Communist Party. The Communists attempted to blame the damage and casualties of the Coventry raid on the rich factory owners, big business and landowning interests and called for a negotiated peace. Though they failed to make a large gain in influence, the membership of the Party had doubled by June 1941. The "Communist threat" was deemed important enough for Herbert Morrison to order, with the support of the Cabinet, the cessation of activities of the "Daily Worker" and "The Week"; the Communist newspaper and journal.

Question: What did Morrison warn he couldn't do?
Answer: that he could not counter the Communist unrest unless provision of shelters were made.
Brendan Fehr
Brendan Jacob Joel Fehr (born October 29, 1977) is a Canadian film and television actor, perhaps best known for portraying Michael Guerin in the WB television series "Roswell", and for portraying lab tech in "". In 2008, Fehr won a Gemini Award for "Hottest Canadian Male TV Star". Fehr also played Dr. Drew Alister on the NBC drama "The Night Shift". His next film is the survival / adventure drama, Brotherhood.
Brendan Fehr
Fehr was born October 29, 1977, in New Westminster, British Columbia, to a mother who worked as a correctional case manager and a father who was a yacht manufacturer. He moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1990, and was raised a strict Mennonite. He graduated in 1995 from Mennonite Brethren Collegiate Institute.
Michael Guerin
Michael Guerin is a fictional character created by Melinda Metz for the young adults book series "Roswell High" and adapted by Jason Katims for the American science fiction television series "Roswell" (1998–2002). He was portrayed by actor Brendan Fehr in the television series. In the CW reboot, "Roswell, New Mexico", he is played by Michael Vlamis.

Question: The character Michael Guerin in the tv series "Roswell" is played by an actor that plays what role on "The Night Shift"?
Answer: Dr. Drew Alister
Conyers, Georgia
Conyers is an Atlanta suburb and the only city in Rockdale County, Georgia, United States. The city is 24 miles (38.6 km) east of downtown Atlanta and is a part of the Atlanta Metropolitan Area. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 15,195. The city is the county seat of Rockdale County. The formerly separate town of Milstead is now part of Conyers.
Interstate 20 in Georgia
In the U.S. state of Georgia, Interstate 20 (I-20) travels from the Alabama state line to the Savannah River, which is the South Carolina state line. The highway enters the state near Tallapoosa. It travels through the Atlanta metropolitan area and exits the state in Augusta. The highway also travels through the cities of Bremen, Douglasville, Conyers, Covington, and Madison. I-20 has the unsigned state highway designation of State Route 402 (SR 402).

Question: Interstate 20 travels through what Rockdale County city in Georgia?
Answer: Conyers
Adonis (plant)
Adonis is a genus of about 20–30 species of flowering plants of the crowfoot family, Ranunculaceae, native to Europe and Asia.
Lithophragma
Lithophragma is a genus of flowering plants containing about nine species native to western North America. These plants are known generally as woodland stars. The petals of the flowers are usually bright white with deep, long lobes or teeth. Each petal may look like three to five petals, when at closer inspection the lobes fuse into a single petal at its base. Most species reproduce via bulblets instead of seeds. "L. maximum" is a federally listed endangered species.

Question: Which plant has more species, Lithophragma or Adonis?
Answer: Adonis
Umayyad Caliphate
Around 746, Abu Muslim assumed leadership of the Hashimiyya in Khurasan. In 747, he successfully initiated an open revolt against Umayyad rule, which was carried out under the sign of the black flag. He soon established control of Khurasan, expelling its Umayyad governor, Nasr ibn Sayyar, and dispatched an army westwards. Kufa fell to the Hashimiyya in 749, the last Umayyad stronghold in Iraq, Wasit, was placed under siege, and in November of the same year Abul Abbas as-Saffah was recognized as the new caliph in the mosque at Kufa. At this point Marwan mobilized his troops from Harran and advanced toward Iraq. In January 750 the two forces met in the Battle of the Zab, and the Umayyads were defeated. Damascus fell to the Abbasids in April, and in August, Marwan was killed in Egypt.

Question: Who was the Umayyad governor of Khurasan who was defeated by Abu Muslim?
Answer: Nasr ibn Sayyar
Greenwood District, Tulsa
Greenwood is a historic freedom colony in Tulsa, Oklahoma. As one of the most prominent concentrations of African-American businesses in the United States during the early 20th century, it was popularly known as America's "Black Wall Street". It was burned to the ground in the Tulsa race massacre of 1921, in which white residents massacred as many as 300 black residents, injuring hundreds more, and leaving 5,000 people homeless. The riot was one of the most devastating massacres in the history of U.S. race relations, destroying the once-thriving Greenwood community.
Tulsa race massacre
The Tulsa race massacre (also called the Tulsa race riot, the Greenwood Massacre, or the Black Wall Street Massacre) took place on May 31 and June 1, 1921, when mobs of white residents, many of them deputized and given weapons by city officials, attacked black residents and businesses of the Greenwood District in Tulsa, Oklahoma. It has been called "the single worst incident of racial violence in American history." The attack, carried out on the ground and from private aircraft, destroyed more than 35 square blocks of the district—at that time the wealthiest black community in the United States, known as "Black Wall Street".
Tulsa race massacre
More than 800 people were admitted to hospitals and as many as 6,000 black residents were interned in large facilities, many of them for several days. The Oklahoma Bureau of Vital Statistics officially recorded 36 dead. A 2001 state commission examination of events was able to confirm 36 dead, 26 black and 10 white, based on contemporary autopsy reports, death certificates and other records. The commission gave overall estimates from 75–100 to 150–300 dead.

Question: The event that caused the destruction of America's "Black Wall Street" in 1921 resulted in how many deaths according the American Red Cross?
Answer: 300
Film speed
The system was later extended to cover larger ranges and some of its practical shortcomings were addressed by the Austrian scientist Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944) and Flemish-born botanist (1896–1960), (who, in 1919/1920, jointly developed their "Eder–Hecht neutral wedge sensitometer" measuring emulsion speeds in "Eder–Hecht" grades). Still, it remained difficult for manufacturers to reliably determine film speeds, often only by comparing with competing products, so that an increasing number of modified semi-Scheiner-based systems started to spread, which no longer followed Scheiner's original procedures and thereby defeated the idea of comparability.

Question: What did the Eder-Hecht device measure?
Answer: emulsion speeds
Tajikistan
It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultural centres of Iran and the region was known as Khorasan. The Kara-Khanid Khanate conquered Transoxania (which corresponds approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan and southwest Kazakhstan) and ruled between 999–1211. Their arrival in Transoxania signalled a definitive shift from Iranian to Turkic predominance in Central Asia, but gradually the Kara-khanids became assimilated into the Perso-Arab Muslim culture of the region.

Question: When was the land under Tibetan empire and Chinese?
Answer: 650–680
United States Air Force
Defensive Counter air (DCA) is defined as "all the defensive measures designed to detect, identify, intercept, and destroy or negate enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace" (JP 1-02). A major goal of DCA operations, in concert with OCA operations, is to provide an area from which forces can operate, secure from air and missile threats. The DCA mission comprises both active and passive defense measures. Active defense is "the employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks to deny a contested area or position to the enemy" (JP 1-02). It includes both ballistic missile defense and air-breathing threat defense and encompasses point defense, area defense, and high-value airborne asset defense. Passive defense is "measures taken to reduce the probability of and to minimize the effects of damage caused by hostile action without the intention of taking the initiative" (JP 1-02). It includes detection and warning; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense; camouflage, concealment, and deception; hardening; reconstitution; dispersion; redundancy; and mobility, counter-measures, and stealth.

Question: What is active defense, according to the functions of the DCA? 
Answer: employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks
Cassandra Clare
Judith Lewis (née Rumelt, born July 27, 1973), better known by her pen name Cassandra Clare, is an American author of young adult fiction, best known for her bestselling series ""The Mortal Instruments".
City of Glass (Clare novel)
City of Glass is the third book in the urban fantasy series "The Mortal Instruments" by Cassandra Clare. In 2009, Walker Books published the third book of the series worldwide. It is a journey that explores Simon's and Clary's experience in the Shadowhunter city, and Clary works on saving her mother, as they travel from New York institute to Alicante, Idris.
City of Glass (Clare novel)
Clary is at Luke's house with Simon packing for her trip to Idris, in which both of them have conversations based on Clary's goal to save her mother, and the struggle she will face when she reaches Idris. Jace persuades Simon to lie and say that Clary decided not to go to Idris, in order to protect her from the Clave, who he feels will try to turn her into a weapon. When Clary visits the Institute, Magnus tells her that the Lightwoods had to travel through the portal, due to an attack by Forsaken. During the battle, Simon is injured and Jace takes him to Idris to save his life. With her power to create runes, Clary is able to create a portal and she travels with Luke through the portal.

Question: What is the pen name of Judith Lewis, author of City of Glass?
Answer: Cassandra Clare
Quran
Belief is a fundamental aspect of morality in the Quran, and scholars have tried to determine the semantic contents of "belief" and "believer" in the Quran. The ethico-legal concepts and exhortations dealing with righteous conduct are linked to a profound awareness of God, thereby emphasizing the importance of faith, accountability, and the belief in each human's ultimate encounter with God. People are invited to perform acts of charity, especially for the needy. Believers who "spend of their wealth by night and by day, in secret and in public" are promised that they "shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve." It also affirms family life by legislating on matters of marriage, divorce, and inheritance. A number of practices, such as usury and gambling, are prohibited. The Quran is one of the fundamental sources of Islamic law ("sharia"). Some formal religious practices receive significant attention in the Quran including the formal prayers ("salat") and fasting in the month of Ramadan. As for the manner in which the prayer is to be conducted, the Quran refers to prostration. The term for charity, "zakat", literally means purification. Charity, according to the Quran, is a means of self-purification.

Question: What finance-related acts are forbidden by the Quran?
Answer: usury and gambling
National War Memorial (South Australia)
The National War Memorial is a monument on the north edge of the city centre of Adelaide, South Australia, commemorating those who served in the First World War. Opened in 1931, the memorial is located on the corner of North Terrace and Kintore Avenue, adjacent to the grounds of Government House. Memorial services are held at the site throughout the year, with major services on both Anzac Day (25 April) and Remembrance Day (11 November).
Louis Laybourne Smith
Louis Laybourne Smith CMG (1 April 1880 – 13 September 1965) was an architect and educator in South Australia. Born in the Adelaide inner-southern suburb of Unley, he became interested in engineering and architecture while in the goldfields of Western Australia and later studied mechanical engineering at the School of Mines, serving an apprenticeship under architect Edward Davies. After graduating he accepted a position as a lecturer at the school, and was responsible for developing the first formal architecture course in the State in 1904. Between 1905 and 1914, he served as registrar at the school before leaving to join his long-time friend, Walter Bagot, at the architectural firm of Woods, Bagot and Jory. He remained with the firm until his death in 1965, and over the years was involved in a number of significant projects, including the South Australian National War Memorial and the original Australian Mutual Provident building on King William Street.

Question: When was the monument, worked on by Louis Laybourne Smith, in Adelaide, South Australia opened?
Answer: 1931
Valencia
Valencia (] ), officially València (] ), is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third-largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona, surpassing 800,000 inhabitants in the municipality. The wider urban area also comprising the neighbouring municipalities has a population of around 1.6 million people. Valencia is Spain's third largest metropolitan area, with a population ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million depending on how the metropolitan area is defined. The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the busiest container port on the Mediterranean Sea. The city is ranked as a Beta-global city in the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

Question: What body of water is Valencia located on?
Answer: the Mediterranean Sea
Zinc
Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc in various proportions, was used as early as the third millennium BC in the Aegean, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kalmykia, Turkmenistan and Georgia, and the second millennium BC in West India, Uzbekistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq, and Israel/Palestine. Zinc metal was not produced on a large scale until the 12th century in India, though it was known to the ancient Romans and Greeks. The mines of Rajasthan have given definite evidence of zinc production going back to the 6th century BC. To date, the oldest evidence of pure zinc comes from Zawar, in Rajasthan, as early as the 9th century AD when a distillation process was employed to make pure zinc. Alchemists burned zinc in air to form what they called "philosopher's wool" or "white snow".

Question: Where was zinc first produced on a large scale?
Answer: India
History of India
Islamic conquests made limited inroads into modern Afghanistan and Sindh as early as the 8th century, followed by the invasions of Mahmud Ghazni. The Delhi Sultanate was founded in 1206 CE by Central Asian Turks who ruled a major part of the northern Indian subcontinent in the early 14th century, but declined in the late 14th century,

Question: What group founded the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century?
Answer: Central Asian Turks
On the Origin of Species
Darwin's barnacle studies convinced him that variation arose constantly and not just in response to changed circumstances. In 1854, he completed the last part of his "Beagle"-related writing and began working full-time on evolution. He now realised that the branching pattern of evolutionary divergence was explained by natural selection working constantly to improve adaptation. His thinking changed from the view that species formed in isolated populations only, as on islands, to an emphasis on speciation without isolation; that is, he saw increasing specialisation within large stable populations as continuously exploiting new ecological niches. He conducted empirical research focusing on difficulties with his theory. He studied the developmental and anatomical differences between different breeds of many domestic animals, became actively involved in fancy pigeon breeding, and experimented (with the help of his son Francis) on ways that plant seeds and animals might disperse across oceans to colonise distant islands. By 1856, his theory was much more sophisticated, with a mass of supporting evidence.

Question: What creatures did Darwin study that made him believe variation arose constantly?
Answer: barnacle
Gregory Peck
Eldred Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor. He was one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s. Peck received five nominations for Academy Award for Best Actor and won once – for his performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 drama film "To Kill a Mockingbird". Peck's other Oscar-nominated roles are in "The Keys of the Kingdom" (1944), "The Yearling" (1946), "Gentleman's Agreement" (1947), and "Twelve O'Clock High" (1949).
Gregory Peck
Other notable films in which he appeared include "Spellbound" (1945), "The Gunfighter" (1950), "Roman Holiday" (1953), "Moby Dick" (1956, and its 1998 mini-series), "The Big Country" (1958), "The Guns of Navarone" (1961), "Cape Fear" (1962, and its 1991 remake), "How the West Was Won" (1962), "The Omen" (1976), and "The Boys from Brazil" (1978).
Spellbound (1945 film)
Spellbound is a 1945 American psychological mystery thriller film noir directed by Alfred Hitchcock. It tells the story of the new head of a mental asylum who turns out not to be what he claims. The film stars Ingrid Bergman, Gregory Peck, Michael Chekhov and Leo G. Carroll. It is an adaptation by Angus MacPhail and Ben Hecht of the novel "The House of Dr. Edwardes" (1927) by Hilary Saint George Saunders and John Palmer.

Question: Who directed the 1945 film Gregory Peck starred in?
Answer: Alfred Hitchcock
Providence Hospital (Washington, D.C.)
Providence Hospital was a 408-bed hospital located in the District of Columbia, United States. Founded in 1861, it was the longest continuously operating hospital and the last public hospital in the District. Providence Hospital was a member of Ascension Health, the largest non-profit health care organization in the United States.
St. Elizabeths Hospital
St. Elizabeths Hospital is a psychiatric hospital in Southeast, Washington, D.C. operated by the District of Columbia Department of Behavioral Health. It opened in 1855 as the first federally operated psychiatric hospital in the United States. Housing over 8,000 patients at its peak in the 1950s, the hospital had a fully functioning medical-surgical unit, a school of nursing, accredited internships and psychiatric residencies. Its campus was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1990. The west portion of the campus is home to over 1,000 U.S. Department of Homeland Security personnel and serves as its headquarters. St. Elizabeth’s Hospital campus also has the joint tenant of the Douglas A. Munro Coast Guard Headquarters Building with hundreds of Coast Guard personnel.

Question:  Which could house more patients, St. Elizabeths Hospital or Providence Hospital?
Answer: St. Elizabeths Hospital
Seven Years' War
The war was described by Winston Churchill as the first "world war", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of worldwide conflict between France and Great Britain during the entire 18th century, reminiscent of the Hundred Years' War of the 14th and 15th centuries.

Question: What was a later conflict that some considered the first World War?
Answer: to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars
Homer Airport
Homer Airport ( ) is a state-owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) east of the central business district of Homer, a town in the Kenai Peninsula Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska.
King Salmon Airport
King Salmon Airport ( ) is a state-owned public-use airport located just southeast of King Salmon, in the Bristol Bay Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska. It was formerly the Naknek Air Force Base, named for its location near the Naknek River.

Question: Is the King Salmon Airport and the Homer Airport located in the same state of Alaska?
Answer: yes
Switzerland
The Swiss Parliament consists of two houses: the Council of States which has 46 representatives (two from each canton and one from each half-canton) who are elected under a system determined by each canton, and the National Council, which consists of 200 members who are elected under a system of proportional representation, depending on the population of each canton. Members of both houses serve for 4 years and only serve as members of parliament part-time (so-called "Milizsystem" or citizen legislature). When both houses are in joint session, they are known collectively as the Federal Assembly. Through referendums, citizens may challenge any law passed by parliament and through initiatives, introduce amendments to the federal constitution, thus making Switzerland a direct democracy.

Question: How many members are on the National Council?
Answer: 200
Pacific War
The Pacific War saw the Allies pitted against Japan, the latter aided by Thailand and to a lesser extent by the Axis allies, Germany and Italy. Fighting consisted of some of the largest naval battles in history, and incredibly fierce battles and war crimes across Asia and the Pacific Islands, resulting in immense loss of human life. The war culminated in massive Allied air raids over Japan, and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, accompanied by the Soviet Union's declaration of war and invasion of Manchuria and other territories on 9 August 1945, causing the Japanese to announce an intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place aboard the battleship in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. After the war, Japan lost all rights and titles to its former possessions in Asia and the Pacific, and its sovereignty was limited to the four main home islands and other minor islands as determined by the Allies. Japan's Shinto Emperor relinquished much of his authority and his divine status through the Shinto Directive in order to pave the way for extensive cultural and political reforms.

Question: What cities were destroyed by atom bombs?
Answer: Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Pope John XXIII
"At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: ""I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ lives on and continues his work in the Church. Souls, souls, ut omnes unum sint."" Van Lierde then anointed his eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet. Overcome by emotion, Van Lierde forgot the right order of anointing. John XXIII gently helped him before bidding those present a last farewell.

Question: Who was the Papal Sacristan for John XXIII?
Answer: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
Paul Meany
After Mutemath and Warner Bros. Records parted ways in 2015 and the dissolution of the Teleprompt partnership, Meany launched his own independent label Wojtek Records based in New York. Mutemath's fourth & fifth full length albums and remix project were all released via Wojtek in partnership with Caroline Records.
Paul Meany
He was one of the co-founders of the independent label Teleprompt Records that has since been dissolved. Prior to forming Mutemath with drummer Darren King, Meany was the keyboardist and backing vocalist for the band Earthsuit and provided the same for the beginning stages of another Adam LaClave-fronted band, Macrosick. Meany has also co-produced tracks for Jeremy Larson and another Earthsuit spin-off, Club of the Sons.
Floor Jansen
Floor Jansen (] ; born 21 February 1981) is a Dutch singer, songwriter, and vocal coach. She is currently the lead vocalist of Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish.

Question: Which singer is from the US, Paul Meany or Floor Jansen?
Answer: Paul Meany
Pultenaea
Pultenaea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae-Faboideae that are native to Australia. They are known commonly as bush peas.
Carmichaelia
Carmichaelia (New Zealand brooms) is a genus of 24 plant species belonging to Fabaceae, the legume family. All but one species are native to New Zealand; the exception, "Carmichaelia exsul", is native to Lord Howe Island and presumably dispersed there from New Zealand.

Question: Which plant is native to Australia, Pultenaea or Carmichaelia?
Answer: Pultenaea
Man from Plains
Man from Plains (originally titled He Comes in Peace) is a 2007 American documentary film written and directed by Jonathan Demme, which chronicles former President of the United States Jimmy Carter's book tour across America to publicize his book "".
The Devil and Daniel Johnston
The Devil and Daniel Johnston is a 2005 documentary film about American musician Daniel Johnston. It chronicles Johnston's life from childhood up to the present, with an emphasis on his experiences with bipolar disorder, and how it manifested itself in demonic self-obsession. The film was directed by Jeff Feuerzeig and produced by Henry S. Rosenthal.

Question: Which documentary film was released first, "The Devil and Daniel Johnston" or "Man from Plains"?
Answer: The Devil and Daniel Johnston
Sterling Jerins
Sterling Jerins (born June 15, 2004) is an American child actress, known for playing Lily Bowers on the NBC series "Deception", Constance Lane in "World War Z", Judy Warren in "The Conjuring", "The Conjuring 2" and "", and Lila DuFresne on HBO's comedy series "Divorce".
The Conjuring
The Conjuring is a 2013 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wan and written by Chad Hayes and Carey W. Hayes. It is the inaugural film in the Conjuring Universe franchise. Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga star as Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of haunting. Their purportedly real-life reports inspired "The Amityville Horror" story and film franchise. The Warrens come to the assistance of the Perron family, who experienced increasingly disturbing events in their farmhouse in Rhode Island in 1971.

Question: What year did the movie that starred Sterling Jerins as Judy Warren come out?
Answer: 2013
The Golden Compass (film)
The Golden Compass is a 2007 fantasy adventure film based on the 1995 book "Northern Lights", the first novel in Philip Pullman's trilogy "His Dark Materials". Written and directed by Chris Weitz, it stars Nicole Kidman, Dakota Blue Richards, Daniel Craig, Sam Elliott, Eva Green, and Ian McKellen. The project was announced in February 2002, but difficulties over the script and the selection of a director caused significant delays. At US$180 million, it was one of New Line Cinema's most expensive projects ever, and its disappointing results in the US contributed to New Line's February 2008 restructuring.
Lyra (song)
"Lyra" is a song written, produced, and performed by British recording artist Kate Bush, from the 2007 soundtrack album "The Golden Compass" from the film of the same name. It is used in the closing credits of the film. Bush was commissioned to write the song, with the request that it make reference to the lead character, Lyra Belacqua.

Question: What is the name of the lead character from the 2007 British-Americam fantasy adventure film based on the novel "Northern Lights"?
Answer: Lyra Belacqua
War and Peace (opera)
War and Peace (Op. 91) ( , "Voyna i mir") is a 1946 230-minute opera in 13 scenes, plus an overture and an epigraph, by Sergei Prokofiev. Based on the 1869 novel "War and Peace" by Leo Tolstoy, its Russian libretto was prepared by the composer and Mira Mendelson. The first seven scenes are devoted to peace, the latter six, after the epigraph, to war. 
War and Peace (opera)
Although Tolstoy's work is classified as a novel, the 1812 invasion of Russia by the French was based on real-life events, and some real-life people appear as characters in both the novel and the opera, e.g. Prince Mikhail Kutuzov and Napoleon Bonaparte.
Les vêpres siciliennes
Les vêpres siciliennes ("The Sicilian Vespers") is a grand opera in five acts by the Italian romantic composer Giuseppe Verdi set to a French libretto by Eugène Scribe and Charles Duveyrier from their work "Le duc d'Albe", which was written in 1838. "Les vêpres" followed immediately after Verdi's three great mid-career masterpieces, "Rigoletto", "Il trovatore" and "La traviata" of 1850 to 1853 and was first performed at the Paris Opéra on 13 June 1855.

Question: Can both War and Peace and Les vêpres siciliennes be arranged as five acts?
Answer: yes
London
London's first only cable car is the Emirates Air Line, which opened in June 2012. The cable car crosses the River Thames, and links Greenwich Peninsula and the Royal Docks in the east of the city. It is integrated with London's Oyster Card ticketing system, although special fares are charged. It cost £60 million to build and carries more than 3,500 passengers every day. Similar to the Santander Cycles bike hire scheme, the cable car is sponsored in a 10-year deal by the airline Emirates.

Question: Roughly how many passengers travel daily on London's cable car?
Answer: 3,500
Thames Gateway Bridge
The Thames Gateway Bridge was a proposed crossing over the River Thames in east London, England. It was first mooted in the 1970s but never came to fruition. The concept was re-proposed in 2004, with preliminary planning proceeding until November 2008, when Boris Johnson, the then Mayor of London, formally cancelled the entire £500 million scheme.
Boris Johnson
Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson ( ; born 19 June 1964) is a British politician, author, and former journalist who has served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party since 2019. He was Foreign Secretary from 2016 to 2018 and Mayor of London from 2008 to 2016. Johnson was Member of Parliament (MP) for Henley from 2001 to 2008 and has been MP for Uxbridge and South Ruislip since 2015. Ideologically, he identifies as a one-nation conservative.
Boris Johnson
Johnson was educated at Eton College and studied Classics at Balliol College, Oxford. He was elected President of the Oxford Union in 1986. In 1989, he became the Brussels correspondent and later a political columnist for "The Daily Telegraph", where his articles exerted a strong Eurosceptic influence on the British right. He was the editor of "The Spectator" magazine from 1999 to 2005. After being elected MP for Henley in 2001, Johnson served as a junior Shadow Minister under Conservative leaders Michael Howard and David Cameron. In 2008, he was elected Mayor of London and resigned from the House of Commons; he was re-elected as Mayor in 2012. During his mayoralty, Johnson oversaw the 2012 Summer Olympics, introduced the New Routemaster buses, a cycle hire scheme and the Thames cable car, and banned alcohol consumption on much of London's public transport.

Question: What political party stopped the construction of the Thames Gateway Bridge
Answer: the Conservative Party
Jacques Becker
Jacques Becker (] ; 15 September 1906 – 21 February 1960) was a French screenwriter and film director.
Fred Olen Ray
Fred Olen Ray (born September 10, 1954) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter of more than 150 low-to-medium budget feature films in many genres, including horror, science fiction, action/adventure, crime dramas, and holiday films.
Fred Olen Ray
Ray is the head of Retromedia, which releases DVDs of both his own productions and archival films. He has also worked for other well-known independent studios and on a few occasions for major Hollywood studios. He is also cited as an inspiration for many independent film-makers. He loaned a 16 mm camera to Quentin Tarantino so he could make "My Best Friend's Birthday".

Question: Which of these screen writer/film directors was also an actor: Jacques Becker or Fred Olen Ray?
Answer: Fred Olen Ray
Kingdom of the Isles
The Kingdom of the Isles, consisted of the Isle of Man, the Hebrides and the islands of the Firth of Clyde from the 9th to the 13th centuries AD. The islands were known to the Norse as the " ", or "Southern Isles" as distinct from the " " or Northern Isles of Orkney and Shetland. In Scottish Gaelic, the kingdom is known as " ". The historical record is incomplete, and the kingdom was not a continuous entity throughout the entire period. The islands concerned are sometimes referred to as the Kingdom of Mann and the Isles, although only some of the later rulers claimed that title. At times the rulers were independent of external control, although for much of the period they had overlords in Norway, Ireland, England, Scotland or Orkney. At times there also appear to have been competing claims for all or parts of the territory. The islands involved have a total land area of over 8300 km2 and extend for more than 500 km from north to south.
Haraldr Guðrøðarson
Haraldr Guðrøðarson was a mid thirteenth-century King of the Isles. He was the son of Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson, King of the Isles, son of Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles. Haraldr Guðrøðarson and his predecessors were members of the Crovan dynasty, and ruled an island-kingdom that encompassed the Mann and portions of the Hebrides, variously known as the Kingdom of the Isles or the Kingdom of Mann and the Isles.

Question: Haraldr Guðrøðarson ruled a kingdom that was located in what body of water?
Answer: Firth of Clyde
Tremella frondosa
Tremella frondosa is an edible jelly fungus. In China, it is called "huáng ěr" (黄耳; literally "yellow ear"), and sometimes features in the vegetarian dish called Buddha's delight.
Buddha's delight
Buddha's delight, often transliterated as Luóhàn zhāi, lo han jai, or lo hon jai, is a vegetarian dish well known in Chinese and Buddhist cuisine. It is sometimes also called Luóhàn cài ().

Question: What is the name of a vegetarian dish well known in Chinese and Buddhist cuisine made from Tremella frondosa?
Answer: Buddha's delight
Nick Riewoldt
Nicholas Riewoldt ( ; born 17 October 1982) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the St Kilda Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was the first draft selection in the 2000 AFL draft. He was the captain of St Kilda in 2005 and from 2007 to 2016. Riewoldt holds the all-time record for most marks in VFL/AFL history, surpassing Gary Dempsey in Round 15, 2017. His cousin Jack Riewoldt plays for Richmond.
2002 AFL Rising Star
The National AFL Rising Star award is given annually to a stand out young player in the Australian Football League. The 2002 medal was awarded to St Kilda player Nick Riewoldt.

Question: What is the nationality of the person who won the National AFL Rising Star award in 2002?
Answer: Australian
Kronverk
The Kronverk ( , from the German word for "crownwork") is a ground fortification for the Sts. Peter and Paul Fortress in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The Kronverk is situated on Petrogradsky Island, across the small island of the fortress proper (separated by the Kronverksky Strait). It was built in 1705–08, with reconstructions in 1752 and 1800. 
Peter and Paul Fortress
The Peter and Paul Fortress is the original citadel of St. Petersburg, Russia, founded by Peter the Great in 1703 and built to Domenico Trezzini's designs from 1706 to 1740 as a star fortress. Between the first half of 1700s and early 1920s it served as a prison for political criminals. It has functioned as a museum since 1924.
Peter and Paul Fortress
Today it has been adapted as the central and most important part of the State Museum of Saint Petersburg History. The museum has gradually become virtually the sole owner of the fortress building, except the structure occupied by the Saint Petersburg Mint (Monetniy Dvor).

Question: The Kronverk, is a ground fortification for the Sts. Peter and Paul Fortress in Saint Petersburg, in which country?
Answer: Russia
Dutch language
Old Dutch branched off more or less around the same time as Old English (Anglo-Saxon), Old High German, Old Frisian and Old Saxon did. The early form of Dutch was a set of Franconian dialects spoken by the Salian Franks in the fifth century, and thus, it has developed through Middle Dutch to Modern Dutch over the course of 15 centuries. During that period, it forced Old Frisian back from the western coast to the north of the Low Countries, and influenced or even replaced Old Saxon spoken in the east (contiguous with the Low German area). On the other hand, Dutch has been replaced in adjacent lands in present-day France and Germany. The division into Old, Middle and Modern Dutch is mostly conventional, since the transition between them was very gradual. One of the few moments when linguists can detect something of a revolution is when the Dutch standard language emerged and quickly established itself. The development of the Dutch language is illustrated by the following sentence in Old, Middle and Modern Dutch:

Question: Was the transition from Old Dutch to Modern Dutch gradual, or did it happen quickly?
Answer: gradual
Canon law
Canon law (from , , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (Church leadership), for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is the internal ecclesiastical law, or operational policy, governing the Catholic Church (both the Latin Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches), the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, and the individual national churches within the Anglican Communion. The way that such church law is legislated, interpreted and at times adjudicated varies widely among these three bodies of churches. In all three traditions, a canon was originally a rule adopted by a church council; these canons formed the foundation of canon law.

Question: What body was first responsible for creating canon?
Answer: church council
Oscar Dansk
Lars Gustaf Oscar Dansk (born 28 February 1994) is a Swedish ice hockey goaltender currently playing as a prospect to the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL). Dansk was drafted by the Columbus Blue Jackets at the 2012 NHL Entry Draft with the 31st overall pick, the first pick of the second round. He was the starting goaltender for the Swedish national junior team at the 2014 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
2014 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 2014 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (formerly called the IIHF U20 World Championship) was the 38th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship (WJHC), hosted in Malmö, Sweden. The 13,700-seat Malmö Arena was the main venue, with the smaller Malmö Isstadion the secondary venue. It began on December 26, 2013, and ended with the gold medal game on January 5, 2014.
2014 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
Finland defeated host team Sweden in the final 3–2 in overtime and won their first gold medal since 1998, as well as their third gold medal in total. It was also their first medal in the tournament since 2006. Sweden earned their second consecutive silver medal, their ninth silver medal in total, as well as their third consecutive medal in the tournament.

Question: Where was the Championships held in which Oscar Dansk was a starting goaltender?
Answer: Malmö, Sweden
Clothing
Most sports and physical activities are practiced wearing special clothing, for practical, comfort or safety reasons. Common sportswear garments include shorts, T-shirts, tennis shirts, leotards, tracksuits, and trainers. Specialized garments include wet suits (for swimming, diving or surfing), salopettes (for skiing) and leotards (for gymnastics). Also, spandex materials are often used as base layers to soak up sweat. Spandex is also preferable for active sports that require form fitting garments, such as volleyball, wrestling, track & field, dance, gymnastics and swimming.

Question: Safety reasons may be why someone wears this type of clothing.
Answer: special
Literature
The value judgment definition of literature considers it to cover exclusively those writings that possess high quality or distinction, forming part of the so-called "belles-lettres" ('fine writing') tradition. This sort of definition is that used in the "Encyclopædia Britannica" Eleventh Edition (1910–11) when it classifies literature as "the best expression of the best thought reduced to writing." Problematic in this view is that there is no objective definition of what constitutes "literature": anything can be literature, and anything which is universally regarded as literature has the potential to be excluded, since value judgments can change over time.

Question: What French term for value-based literature literally translates as "fine writing?"
Answer: belles-lettres