qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Peter Gorman
Peter Gorman was one of the first contractors of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. His son Arthur Pue Gorman would go on to become a Senator and pioneer in baseball. His other son William Henry Gorman would become a prominent businessman.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was the first common carrier railroad and the oldest railroad in the United States, with its first section opening in 1830. Merchants from the city of Baltimore, which had benefitted to some extent from the construction of the National Road early in the century, wanted to continue to compete for trade with trans-Appalachian settlers with the newly constructed Erie Canal (which served New York City), another canal being proposed by Pennsylvania (which would have connected Philadelphia and Pittsburgh), the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (which connected to the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.), and the James River Canal, which directed traffic toward Richmond and Norfolk, Virginia. At first the B&O was located entirely in the state of Maryland, its original line extending from the port of Baltimore west to Sandy Hook.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Because of competition with the C&O canal for trade with coal fields in western Maryland, it could not use the C&O right of way. Thus, to continue westward while minimizing high-cost track through the Appalachian Mountains, the B&O chose to cross the Potomac River into Virginia (now West Virginia), near the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers. From there track continued through Virginia from Harpers Ferry to a point just west of the junction of Patterson Creek and the North Branch Potomac River, where it crossed back into Maryland to reach Cumberland, the terminus of the National Road. From there the B&O extended to the Ohio River at Wheeling and a few years later also to Parkersburg, West Virginia (below rapids which made navigation difficult during parts of the year). It proved crucial to Union success during the American Civil War, although the conflict also caused considerable damage (and repair costs). After the war's end, the B&O consolidated several feeder lines in Virginia and West Virginia, as well as expanded westward into Ohio (including a junction at Portsmouth), Indiana and Illinois. B&O advertising later carried the motto: "Linking 13 Great States with the Nation."

Question: What is the name of first contractor of the oldest railroad in the United States' son, who became a pioneer in American Baseball?
Answer: Arthur Pue Gorman
General Electric
In April 2014, it was announced that GE was in talks to acquire the global power division of French engineering group Alstom for a figure of around $13 billion. A rival joint bid was submitted in June 2014 by Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) with Siemens seeking to acquire Alstom's gas turbine business for €3.9 billion, and MHI proposing a joint venture in steam turbines, plus a €3.1 billion cash investment. In June 2014 a formal offer from GE worth $17 billion was agreed by the Alstom board. Part of the transaction involved the French government taking a 20% stake in Alstom to help secure France's energy and transport interests and French jobs. A rival offer from Siemens-Mitsubishi Heavy Industries was rejected. The acquisition was expected to be completed in 2015. In October 2014, GE announced it was considering the sale of its Polish banking business Bank BPH.

Question: From which company did the Alstom board reject a rival acquisition proposal?
Answer: Siemens-Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Emma Roberts
Emma Rose Roberts (born February 10, 1991) is an American actress and singer. After making her film debut as Kristina Jung in the crime film "Blow" (2001), Roberts gained recognition for her lead role as Addie Singer on the Nickelodeon television series "Unfabulous" (2004–2007). She released her debut studio album "Unfabulous and More" in 2005. Roberts then appeared in numerous films, including "Aquamarine" (2006), "Nancy Drew" (2007), "Wild Child" (2008), "Hotel for Dogs" (2009), "Valentine's Day" (2010), "It's Kind of a Funny Story" (2010), and "The Art of Getting By" (2011).
Valentine's Day (2010 film)
Valentine's Day is a 2010 American romantic comedy film directed by Garry Marshall. The screenplay and the story were written by Katherine Fugate, Abby Kohn, and Marc Silverstein. The film features an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba, Kathy Bates, Jessica Biel, Bradley Cooper, Eric Dane, Patrick Dempsey, Héctor Elizondo, Jamie Foxx, Jennifer Garner, Topher Grace, Anne Hathaway, Carter Jenkins, Ashton Kutcher, Queen Latifah, Taylor Lautner, George Lopez, Shirley MacLaine, Emma Roberts, Julia Roberts, Bryce Robinson and Taylor Swift in her film debut. The film received negative reviews but was a major box office success.

Question: Emma Roberts had a role in the 2010 romantic comedy film directed by whom?
Answer: Garry Marshall
Crocus
Crocus (English plural: crocuses or croci) is a genus of flowering plants in the iris family comprising 90 species of perennials growing from corms. Many are cultivated for their flowers appearing in autumn, winter, or spring. The spice saffron is obtained from the stigmas of "Crocus sativus", an autumn-blooming species. Crocuses are native to woodland, scrub, and meadows from sea level to alpine tundra in North Africa and the Middle East, central and southern Europe, in particular Krokos, Greece, on the islands of the Aegean, and across Central Asia to Xinjiang Province in western China.
Ochna
Ochna is a genus comprising 86 species of evergreen trees, shrubs and shrublets belonging to the family "Ochnaceae". These species are native to tropical woodlands of Africa, the Mascarenes and Asia. Species of this genus are usually called ochnas, bird's-eye bushes or Mickey-mouse plants, a name derived from the shape of the drupelet fruit. The name of this genus comes from the Greek word "Ochne", used by Homer and meaning "wild pear", as the leaves are similar in appearance. Some species, including "Ochna integerrima" (yellow "Mai" flower) and "O. serrulata" (bird's eye plant), are cultivated as decorative plants.

Question: Which genus of plants can be found in tropical woodlands, Ochna or Crocus?
Answer: Ochna
Nigeria
Christian missions established Western educational institutions in the Protectorates. Under Britain's policy of indirect rule and validation of Islamic tradition, the Crown did not encourage the operation of Christian missions in the northern, Islamic part of the country. Some children of the southern elite went to Great Britain to pursue higher education. By independence in 1960, regional differences in modern educational access were marked. The legacy, though less pronounced, continues to the present day. Imbalances between North and South were expressed in Nigeria's political life as well. For instance, northern Nigeria did not outlaw slavery until 1936 whilst in other parts of Nigeria slavery was abolished soon after colonialism.

Question: What religion was the majority in the northern part of Nigeria?
Answer: Islamic
Flagstaff Pulliam Airport
Flagstaff Pulliam Airport ( ) is 5 mi south of Flagstaff, in Coconino County, Arizona. The airport is serviced by American Airlines (SkyWest as American Eagle) and United Airlines (Trans States Airlines as United Express), and is also used for general aviation. Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 51,765 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 66,627 in 2009 and 62,109 in 2010. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 called it a "primary commercial service" airport (more than 10,000 enplanements per year).
Spokane International Airport
Spokane International Airport ( ) is a commercial airport approximately 7 mi Southwest of downtown Spokane, Washington. It is the primary airport serving the Inland Northwest, which consists of 30 counties and includes areas such as Spokane and the Tri-Cities, both in Eastern Washington, and Coeur d'Alene in North Idaho. The airport's code, GEG, is derived from its airfield's namesake, Major Harold Geiger.

Question: Does both Spokane International Airport and Flagstaff Pulliam Airport serve international countries?
Answer: no
Alps
Reptiles such as adders and vipers live up to the snow line; because they cannot bear the cold temperatures they hibernate underground and soak up the warmth on rocky ledges. The high-altitude Alpine salamanders have adapted to living above the snow line by giving birth to fully developed young rather than laying eggs. Brown trout can be found in the streams up to the snow line. Molluscs such as the wood snail live up the snow line. Popularly gathered as food, the snails are now protected.

Question: What do reptiles due since they cannot bear the cold temperatures?
Answer: they hibernate underground
British Isles
Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the adder, the barred grass snake and the smooth snake; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wild life, with weasels, polecats, wildcats, most shrews, moles, water voles, roe deer and common toads also being absent from Ireland. This pattern is also true for birds and insects. Notable exceptions include the Kerry slug and certain species of woodlouse native to Ireland but not Great Britain.

Question: Is the grass nake or the smooth snake native to Ireland?
Answer: none are native to Ireland
Dominican Order
Dominic's education at Palencia gave him the knowledge he needed to overcome the Manicheans. With charity, the other concept that most defines the work and spirituality of the order, study became the method most used by the Dominicans in working to defend the Church against the perils that hounded it, and also of enlarging its authority over larger areas of the known world. In Dominic's thinking, it was impossible for men to preach what they did not or could not understand. When the brethren left Prouille, then, to begin their apostolic work, Dominic sent Matthew of Paris to establish a school near the University of Paris. This was the first of many Dominican schools established by the brethren, some near large universities throughout Europe. The women of the order also established schools for the children of the local gentry.

Question: Dominic's education helped him to overcome who?
Answer: the Manicheans
Frédéric Chopin
Jonathan Bellman writes that modern concert performance style—set in the "conservatory" tradition of late 19th- and 20th-century music schools, and suitable for large auditoria or recordings—militates against what is known of Chopin's more intimate performance technique. The composer himself said to a pupil that "concerts are never real music, you have to give up the idea of hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art." Contemporary accounts indicate that in performance, Chopin avoided rigid procedures sometimes incorrectly attributed to him, such as "always crescendo to a high note", but that he was concerned with expressive phrasing, rhythmic consistency and sensitive colouring. Berlioz wrote in 1853 that Chopin "has created a kind of chromatic embroidery ... whose effect is so strange and piquant as to be impossible to describe ... virtually nobody but Chopin himself can play this music and give it this unusual turn". Hiller wrote that "What in the hands of others was elegant embellishment, in his hands became a colourful wreath of flowers."

Question: Who wrote that the current large concert style conflicts with Chopin's preference of intimate performances?
Answer: Jonathan Bellman
Rochelle Humes
Rochelle Eulah Eileen Humes (née Wiseman; born 21 March 1989) is an English singer and television presenter. Humes began her career in British pop groups S Club Juniors and The Saturdays, and has gone on to co-present the ITV entertainment series "Ninja Warrior UK". Humes regularly guest-hosts "This Morning", and since 2019, she has co-presented the BBC game show "The Hit List" alongside husband Marvin Humes.
The X Factor (British series 13)
The X Factor is a British television music competition to find new singing talent. The thirteenth series began airing on ITV on Saturday 27 August 2016 and ended on Sunday 11 December 2016. Dermot O'Leary returned to present the main show on ITV for the ninth time to replace Olly Murs and Caroline Flack, who left after series 12. Simon Cowell was the only judge from the 12th series to return; Nicole Scherzinger, Sharon Osbourne and Louis Walsh all returned, replacing Rita Ora, Cheryl Fernandez-Versini and Nick Grimshaw. Matt Edmondson and Rylan Clark-Neal replaced Rochelle Humes and Melvin Odoom as hosts of "The Xtra Factor", which was rebranded as "The Xtra Factor Live" and was broadcast live twice every week, with Roman Kemp making appearances as a digital presenter and social media reporter. Matt Terry was announced the winner on 11 December 2016, making Scherzinger the winning mentor for the second time. Saara Aalto came second.

Question: Who replaced the singer in S Club 8 and The Saturdays as a host of The Xtra Factor?
Answer: Matt Edmondson and Rylan Clark-Neal
Hell Paso
Hell Paso is the first EP released by the band At the Drive-In.
At the Drive-In
After several early line-up changes, the band solidified into a five-piece, consisting of Bixler-Zavala, Rodríguez-López, Jim Ward, Hinojos and Hajjar. At the Drive-In released three studio albums and five EPs before breaking up in 2001. Their third and final album before their split, 2000's "Relationship of Command", received a number of accolades and is cited as a landmark of the post-hardcore genre. Following the breakup, Bixler-Zavala and Rodríguez-López formed the Mars Volta while Ward, Hinojos, and Hajjar formed Sparta. 
At the Drive-In
At the Drive-In reunited in January 2012 and played the 2012 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, as well as the 2012 Lollapalooza Festival. In 2016, the band reunited for a second time, with guitarist and occasional lead vocalist Jim Ward no longer participating. He was replaced by Sparta's Keeley Davis. The band released their fourth studio album, "in•ter a•li•a", in 2017. The band announced an indefinite hiatus in November 2018.

Question: The band At the Drive-In from El Paso, Texas released its first EP entitled what?
Answer: Hell Paso
Acela
The Acela ( ; until September 2019 Acela Express) is Amtrak's flagship high speed service along the Northeast Corridor (NEC) in the Northeastern United States between Washington, D.C. and Boston via 16 intermediate stops, including Providence, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and New York City. The route contains segments of high-speed rail, and "Acela" trains are the fastest trainsets in the Americas; they attain 150 mph on 33.9 mi of the route.
Westbrook station (Connecticut)
Westbrook is a regional rail station on the Northeast Corridor, located off Connecticut Route 153 just north of the village center of Westbrook, Connecticut. It is served by the Connecticut Department of Transportation's Shore Line East commuter rail service; Amtrak's "Acela Express" and "Northeast Regional" services run through the station without stopping.
Westbrook station (Connecticut)
The first Westbrook station opened in 1852, was replaced in 1906, and closed in 1936. A new station for Shore Line East opened in 1990; and was rebuilt in 2001. A new station with a larger lot and two handicapped-accessible platforms opened on March 25, 2014. The larger lot now allows the station, which is less than half a mile from I-95 and US-1, to serve as a park-and-ride station.

Question: What is the fastest speed attained by Amtrak's one of the two services (the other being "Northeast Regional") that serve Westbrook?
Answer: 150 mph
Madonna
In the 1996 musical, "Evita", Madonna played the title role of Eva Perón. For a long time, Madonna had desired to play Perón and wrote to director Alan Parker to explain why she would be perfect for the part. She said later, "This is the role I was born to play. I put everything of me into this because it was much more than a role in a movie. It was exhilarating and intimidating at the same time. And I am prouder of "Evita" than anything else I have done." After securing the role, she received vocal coaching and learned about the history of Argentina and Perón. During filming Madonna became ill several times, after finding out that she was pregnant, and from the intense emotional effort required with the scenes. Upon "Evita"' s release in December 1996, Madonna's performance received acclaim from film critics. Zach Conner of "Time" magazine commented, "It's a relief to say that "Evita" is pretty damn fine, well cast and handsomely visualized. Madonna once again confounds our expectations." For the role, Madonna won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in Motion Picture Musical or Comedy.

Question: What award did Madonna win for the film Evita?
Answer: Golden Globe Award
Mexico City
Originally much of the valley lay beneath the waters of Lake Texcoco, a system of interconnected salt and freshwater lakes. The Aztecs built dikes to separate the fresh water used to raise crops in "chinampas" and to prevent recurrent floods. These dikes were destroyed during the siege of Tenochtitlan, and during colonial times the Spanish regularly drained the lake to prevent floods. Only a small section of the original lake remains, located outside Mexico City, in the municipality of Atenco, State of Mexico.

Question: What happened to the dikes the Aztecs built?
Answer: destroyed during the siege of Tenochtitlan
Vic & Anthony's Steakhouse
Vic & Anthony’s is an American steakhouse restaurant chain with locations in Downtown Houston, and inside the Golden Nugget Casinos in Las Vegas, Atlantic City and Lake Charles. Vic & Anthony’s is owned and operated by Landry’s, Inc.
Golden Nugget Lake Charles
Golden Nugget Lake Charles is a 242-acre waterfront casino resort in Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States, owned and operated by Houston-based Landry's, Inc. The resort features 1038 guest rooms and suites housed in a 22-story tower, an 18-hole golf course, 30,000 square feet of meeting space, more than a dozen dining and bar options, a private beach, marina, spa & salon, retail corridor and expansive 24-hour casino floor.

Question: What is special about Vic & Anthony's fourth location?
Answer: 242-acre waterfront casino resort
Exhibition game
Several MLB teams used to play regular exhibition games during the year against nearby teams in the other major league, but regular-season interleague play has made such games unnecessary. The two Canadian MLB teams, the Toronto Blue Jays of the American League and the Montreal Expos of the National League, met annually to contest the Pearson Cup; this tradition ended when the Expos moved to Washington DC for the 2005 season. Similarly, the New York Yankees played in the Mayor's Trophy Game against various local rivals from 1946 to 1983.

Question: What game do the Bluejays play against the Expos?
Answer: the Pearson Cup
Boston Herald
The Boston Herald is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981. The "Herald" was named one of the "10 Newspapers That 'Do It Right' in 2012 by "Editor & Publisher".
Al Hirshberg
Albert Simon Hirshberg (1909 1973), frequently credited as Al Hirshberg, was a Boston-based author and sportswriter who was primarily active in the 1930s to the 1960s. He is best known as the co-author of Jimmy Piersall's 1955 autobiography titled "Fear Strikes Out: The Jimmy Piersall Story", that was later made into the 1957 film "Fear Strikes Out", starring Anthony Perkins. He also wrote several books on the history of the Boston Red Sox baseball team, and co-wrote dozens of other people's memoirs, often, but not exclusively, about baseball players and/or Boston area sports figures and teams. He worked for "The Boston Post" from 1930-1952 and the "Boston Herald" from 1964–1968.

Question:  Albert Simon Hirshberg worked for an American daily newspaper that was converted to what in 1981?
Answer: tabloid format
Financial crisis of 2007–2008
Stock trader and financial risk engineer Nassim Nicholas Taleb, author of the 2007 book "The Black Swan", spent years warning against the breakdown of the banking system in particular and the economy in general owing to their use of and reliance on bad risk models and reliance on forecasting, and framed the problem as part of "robustness and fragility". He also took action against the establishment view by making a big financial bet on banking stocks and making a fortune from the crisis ("They didn't listen, so I took their money"). According to David Brooks from "The New York Times", "Taleb not only has an explanation for what's happening, he saw it coming."

Question: What did Nassim Nicholas Taleb warn about for years prior to the financial crisis of 2007?
Answer: the breakdown of the banking system
Meg Ryan
Meg Ryan (born Margaret Mary Emily Hyra; November 19, 1961) is an American actress and producer. Ryan began her acting career in 1981 in minor roles before joining the cast of the CBS soap opera "As the World Turns" in 1982. Subsequently, she began to appear in supporting roles in films during the mid 1980s like box office hit "Top Gun", achieving recognition in independent films such as "Promised Land" (1987) before her performance in the Rob Reiner-directed romantic comedy "When Harry Met Sally..." (1989) brought her widespread attention and her first Golden Globe nomination.
Rob Reiner
Robert Norman Reiner (born March 6, 1947) is an American actor, comedian, and filmmaker. As an actor, Reiner first came to national prominence with the role of Michael Stivic on the CBS sitcom "All in the Family" (1971–1979), a performance that earned him two Primetime Emmy Awards. 
Rob Reiner
As a director, Reiner was recognized by the Directors Guild of America Awards with nominations for the coming of age drama "Stand by Me" (1986), the romantic comedy "When Harry Met Sally..." (1989), and the military courtroom drama "A Few Good Men" (1992), the last of which also earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Picture. He has also received four nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Director.

Question: Who did the director of When Harry Met Sally..." play on All in the Family?
Answer: Michael Stivic
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
In the March 26 general elections, voter participation was an impressive 89.8%, and 1,958 (including 1,225 district seats) of the 2,250 CPD seats were filled. In district races, run-off elections were held in 76 constituencies on April 2 and 9 and fresh elections were organized on April 20 and 14 to May 23, in the 199 remaining constituencies where the required absolute majority was not attained. While most CPSU-endorsed candidates were elected, more than 300 lost to independent candidates such as Yeltsin, physicist Andrei Sakharov and lawyer Anatoly Sobchak.

Question: How many constituencies had run-off elections?
Answer: 76
Spoon (band)
Spoon is an American indie rock band from Austin, Texas, formed in 1993. The band is the brainchild of Britt Daniel (vocals, guitar) and Jim Eno (drums) and has seen many lineup changes throughout their history. Alex Fischel (keyboards, guitar) and Gerardo Larios (guitar, keyboards) are also currently members of the band. Critics have described the band's musical style as indie rock, indie pop, art rock, and experimental rock.
The Nearly Deads
The Nearly Deads are an American alternative rock band from Nashville, Tennessee, formed in 2010. The band consists of Theresa Jeane, Steven Tobi, Kevin Koelsch, Javier Garza Jr, Josh Perrone. Their self-titled debut EP, "The Nearly Deads" was released in 2011. They signed with Standby Records in June 2013 to release their second EP, "Survival Guide", released on August 20 the same year. Their first full-length album, "Invisible Tonight", was released on June 24, 2014.

Question: Which band has more people in it, The Nearly Deads or Spoon?
Answer: The Nearly Deads
Seung-Hui Cho
Seung-Hui Cho ( , properly Cho Seung-Hui; January 18, 1984 – April 16, 2007) was a Korean-American mass murderer responsible for perpetrating the Virginia Tech shooting, killing 32 people and wounding 17 others with two semi-automatic pistols on April 16, 2007, at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia, making it the deadliest school shooting in American history. An additional six people were injured jumping from windows to escape. Cho was a senior-level undergraduate student at the university and committed suicide after police breached the doors of Norris Hall, where most of the shooting had taken place. His body is buried in Fairfax, Virginia.
Kevin Granata
Kevin P. Granata (December 29, 1961 – April 16, 2007) was an American professor in multiple departments including the Departments of Engineering, Science and Mechanics (in which he was tenured) and Mechanical Engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, Virginia. Granata held an additional academic appointment as a professor in the Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and was an adjunct professor at the University of Virginia in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery. During the Virginia Tech shooting, he shepherded students into his office in order to safeguard them. He was then killed by Seung-Hui Cho after he went to investigate and intervene.

Question: How many people were killed by the mass murdered that killed Kevin Granata?
Answer: 32
Peter Lorre
Peter Lorre (born László Löwenstein; 26 June 1904 – 23 March 1964) was a Hungarian-American character actor of Jewish descent. Lorre began his stage career in Vienna before moving to Germany where he worked first on the stage, then in film in Berlin in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Lorre caused an international sensation in the German film "M" (1931), directed by Fritz Lang, in which he portrayed a serial killer who preys on little girls.
Addicted to Bad Ideas
Addicted to Bad Ideas is the fifth album by The World/Inferno Friendship Society, and their second for Chunksaah Records. Subtitled "Peter Lorre's Twentieth Century", the release is a concept album inspired by the life and films of actor Peter Lorre.

Question: When was the inspiration for the album "Addicted to Bad Ideas" born?
Answer: 26 June 1904
The Church (band)
The Church are an Australian alternative rock band formed in Sydney in 1980. Initially associated with new wave, neo-psychedelia, and indie rock, their music later came to feature slower tempos and surreal soundscapes reminiscent of dream pop and post-rock. Glenn A. Baker has written that "From the release of the 'She Never Said' single in November 1980, this unique Sydney-originated entity has purveyed a distinctive, ethereal, psychedelic-tinged sound which has alternatively found favour and disfavour in Australia." The "Los Angeles Times" has described the band's music as "dense, shimmering, exquisite guitar pop".
New Radicals
New Radicals (stylized as Иew Radicals) was an American alternative rock band active from 1997 to 1999. The band centered on frontman Gregg Alexander, who wrote and produced all of their songs. The band's only other permanent member was keyboardist and percussionist Danielle Brisebois.

Question: While The Church was a psychedelic rock band formed in Sydney in 1980, The New Radicals were what type of music?
Answer: American alternative rock band
Switzerland
Similarly, the federal "constitutional initiative" allows citizens to put a constitutional amendment to a national vote, if 100,000 voters sign the proposed amendment within 18 months. The Federal Council and the Federal Assembly can supplement the proposed amendment with a counter-proposal, and then voters must indicate a preference on the ballot in case both proposals are accepted. Constitutional amendments, whether introduced by initiative or in parliament, must be accepted by a double majority of the national popular vote and the cantonal popular votes.

Question: What must voters do on the ballot when Parliament adds a supplement?
Answer: indicate a preference
Literature
In ancient India, literature originated from stories that were originally orally transmitted. Early genres included drama, fables, sutras and epic poetry. Sanskrit literature begins with the Vedas, dating back to 1500–1000 BCE, and continues with the Sanskrit Epics of Iron Age India. The Vedas are among the oldest sacred texts. The Samhitas (vedic collections) date to roughly 1500–1000 BCE, and the "circum-Vedic" texts, as well as the redaction of the Samhitas, date to c. 1000‒500 BCE, resulting in a Vedic period, spanning the mid-2nd to mid 1st millennium BCE, or the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age. The period between approximately the 6th to 1st centuries BCE saw the composition and redaction of the two most influential Indian epics, the "Mahabharata" and the "Ramayana", with subsequent redaction progressing down to the 4th century AD. Other major literary works are Ramcharitmanas & Krishnacharitmanas.

Question: What were some different genres that emerged from ancient India's oral literary traditions?
Answer: drama, fables, sutras and epic poetry
Nonprofit organization
Canada allows nonprofit organizations to be incorporated or unincorporated. They may incorporate either federally, under Part II of the Canada Business Corporations Act, or under provincial legislation. Many of the governing Acts for Canadian nonprofits date to the early 1900s, meaning that nonprofit legislation has not kept pace with legislation that governs for-profit corporations, particularly with regards to corporate governance. Federal, and in some provinces (including Ontario), incorporation is by way of Letters Patent, and any change to the Letters Patent (even a simple name change) requires formal approval by the appropriate government, as do bylaw changes. Other provinces (including Alberta) permit incorporation "as of right", by the filing of Articles of Incorporation or Articles of Association.

Question: How do NPOs change their by-laws, if they had to apply for incorporation by Letters Permit, in Canada?
Answer: formal approval by the appropriate government
Universal Pictures
Universal Pictures (legally Universal City Studios LLC, also known as Universal Studios, and formerly named Universal Film Manufacturing Company and Universal-International Pictures Inc.) is an American film studio owned by Comcast through the NBCUniversal Film and Entertainment division of its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal.

Question: Which company runs NBC Universal?
Answer: Comcast
Ottoman Empire
The Crimean War (1853–1856) was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining Ottoman Empire. The financial burden of the war led the Ottoman state to issue foreign loans amounting to 5 million pounds sterling on 4 August 1854. The war caused an exodus of the Crimean Tatars, about 200,000 of whom moved to the Ottoman Empire in continuing waves of emigration. Toward the end of the Caucasian Wars, 90% of the Circassians were ethnically cleansed and exiled from their homelands in the Caucasus and fled to the Ottoman Empire, resulting in the settlement of 500,000 to 700,000 Circassians in Turkey. Some Circassian organisations give much higher numbers, totaling 1–1.5 million deported or killed. Crimean Tatar refugees in the late 19th century played an especially notable role in seeking to modernize Ottoman education and in first promoting both Pan-Turkicism and a sense of Turkish nationalism.

Question: During what years did the Crimean War take place?
Answer: 1853–1856
Zooey Deschanel
Zooey Claire Deschanel ( ; born January 17, 1980) is an American actress, model, and singer-songwriter. She made her film debut in "Mumford" (1999) and next obtained a supporting role in Cameron Crowe's film "Almost Famous" (2000). Deschanel is known for her deadpan roles in comedy films such as "The Good Girl" (2002), "The New Guy" (2002), "Elf" (2003), "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (2005), "Failure to Launch" (2006), "Yes Man" (2008) and "500 Days of Summer" (2009). She has ventured into more dramatic territory with "Manic" (2001), "All the Real Girls" (2003), "Winter Passing" (2005), and "Bridge to Terabithia" (2007). From 2011 to 2018, she played Jess Day on the Fox sitcom "New Girl", for which she received an Emmy Award nomination and three Golden Globe Award nominations.
Flakes (film)
Flakes is a 2007 American comedy film, directed by Michael Lehmann and starring Aaron Stanford and Zooey Deschanel. This film was written by Chris Poche & Karey Kirkpatrick.

Question: Which actress plays in the American comedy film Flakes?
Answer: Zooey Deschanel
Switzerland
Switzerland lies between latitudes 45° and 48° N, and longitudes 5° and 11° E. It contains three basic topographical areas: the Swiss Alps to the south, the Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau, and the Jura mountains on the west. The Alps are a high mountain range running across the central-south of the country, constituting about 60% of the country's total area. The majority of the Swiss population live in the Swiss Plateau. Among the high valleys of the Swiss Alps many glaciers are found, totalling an area of 1063 km2 . From these originate the headwaters of several major rivers, such as the Rhine, Inn, Ticino and Rhône, which flow in the four cardinal directions into the whole of Europe. The hydrographic network includes several of the largest bodies of freshwater in Central and Western Europe, among which are included Lake Geneva (also called le Lac Léman in French), Lake Constance (known as Bodensee in German) and Lake Maggiore. Switzerland has more than 1500 lakes, and contains 6% of Europe's stock of fresh water. Lakes and glaciers cover about 6% of the national territory. The largest lake is Lake Geneva, in western Switzerland shared with France. The Rhône is both the main source and outflow of Lake Geneva. Lake Constance is the second largest Swiss lake and, like the Lake Geneva, an intermediate step by the Rhine at the border to Austria and Germany. While the Rhône flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the French Camargue region and the Rhine flows into the North Sea at Rotterdam in the Netherlands, about 1000 km apart, both springs are only about 22 km apart from each other in the Swiss Alps.

Question: How much of Switzerland's total area do the Alps comprise?
Answer: 60%
Political corruption
Electoral fraud is illegal interference with the process of an election. Acts of fraud affect vote counts to bring about an election result, whether by increasing the vote share of the favored candidate, depressing the vote share of the rival candidates, or both. Also called voter fraud, the mechanisms involved include illegal voter registration, intimidation at polls, voting computer hacking, and improper vote counting.

Question: Illegal interference with an election is called what?
Answer: Electoral fraud
Bearsville Records
Bearsville Records was founded in 1970 by Albert Grossman. Artists included Todd Rundgren, Elizabeth Barraclough, Foghat, Halfnelson/Sparks, Bobby Charles, Randy VanWarmer, Paul Butterfield's Better Days, Lazarus, Jesse Winchester, and NRBQ. The label closed in 1984, two years before Grossman's death. Sally Grossman, Albert Grossman’s widow, has been running Bearsville Records since 2010.
Foghat
Foghat is an English rock band formed in London in 1971. The band is known for the use of electric slide guitar in their music. The band has achieved eight gold records, one platinum and one double platinum record, and despite several line-up changes, continue to record and perform.

Question: An English rock band formed in London in 1971 that has achieved eight gold records is signed to a record label founded by who?
Answer: Albert Grossman
Database
The first task of a database designer is to produce a conceptual data model that reflects the structure of the information to be held in the database. A common approach to this is to develop an entity-relationship model, often with the aid of drawing tools. Another popular approach is the Unified Modeling Language. A successful data model will accurately reflect the possible state of the external world being modeled: for example, if people can have more than one phone number, it will allow this information to be captured. Designing a good conceptual data model requires a good understanding of the application domain; it typically involves asking deep questions about the things of interest to an organization, like "can a customer also be a supplier?", or "if a product is sold with two different forms of packaging, are those the same product or different products?", or "if a plane flies from New York to Dubai via Frankfurt, is that one flight or two (or maybe even three)?". The answers to these questions establish definitions of the terminology used for entities (customers, products, flights, flight segments) and their relationships and attributes.

Question: What makes a successful data model?
Answer: accurately reflect the possible state of the external world being modeled
Richmond, Virginia
The site of Richmond had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy, and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown from 1609 to 1611. The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737. It became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780, replacing Williamsburg. During the Revolutionary War period, several notable events occurred in the city, including Patrick Henry's "Give me liberty or give me death" speech in 1775 at St. John's Church, and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the American Civil War, Richmond was the capital of the Confederacy. It entered the 20th century with one of the world's first successful electric streetcar systems. The Jackson Ward neighborhood is a traditional hub of African-American commerce and culture.

Question: What famous revolutionary war speech was given in Richmond?  Where?
Answer: Patrick Henry's "Give me liberty or give me death" speech in 1775 at St. John's Church
Longhorn Network
The Longhorn Network (LHN) is an American multinational regional sports network that is owned as a joint venture between The University of Texas at Austin, ESPN and IMG College, and is operated by ESPN (itself owned jointly by The Walt Disney Company and the Hearst Communications). The network, which launched on August 26, 2011, focuses on the Texas Longhorns varsity sports teams of the University of Texas at Austin.
Ahmad D. Brooks
Ahmad D. Brooks (born March 13, 1980) is a retired National Football League player and sports broadcaster for ESPNU, the Longhorn Network and KTXX-FM. He is also co-founder and president of Helping Adolescents/Athletes Lead Others (HALO). Brooks is a graduate of the University of Texas, where he served as captain of the football team in 2001. He played in the NFL for three years before retiring in 2005.

Question: What regional sports network is run by Ahmad D. Brooks' alma mater?
Answer: The Longhorn Network
Antibiotic
The emergence of resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is a common phenomenon. Emergence of resistance often reflects evolutionary processes that take place during antibiotic therapy. The antibiotic treatment may select for bacterial strains with physiologically or genetically enhanced capacity to survive high doses of antibiotics. Under certain conditions, it may result in preferential growth of resistant bacteria, while growth of susceptible bacteria is inhibited by the drug. For example, antibacterial selection for strains having previously acquired antibacterial-resistance genes was demonstrated in 1943 by the Luria–Delbrück experiment. Antibiotics such as penicillin and erythromycin, which used to have a high efficacy against many bacterial species and strains, have become less effective, due to the increased resistance of many bacterial strains.

Question: When was the Luria-Delbruck experiment?
Answer: 1943
2016 FA Cup Final
The 2016 FA Cup Final was the 135th final of the FA Cup, the world's oldest football cup competition. The match was contested between Crystal Palace and Manchester United in a repeat of the 1990 FA Cup Final. It was refereed by Mark Clattenburg, from Consett, County Durham.
Mark Clattenburg
Mark Clattenburg (born 13 March 1975) is an English professional football referee.
Mark Clattenburg
Clattenburg is a former member of the Premier League and the Durham County Football Association and also a former FIFA referee. He has refereed a number of notable matches, including the 2016 UEFA Champions League Final and the UEFA Euro 2016 Final. Clattenburg is considered one of the most highly-rated European referees of his generation.

Question: Which referee for the 135th FA Cup Final is based in Gosforth, Newcastle now?
Answer: Mark Clattenburg
Mexico City
In 1854 president Antonio López de Santa Anna enlarged the area of Mexico City almost eightfold from the original 220 to , annexing the rural and mountainous areas to secure the strategic mountain passes to the south and southwest to protect the city in event of a foreign invasion. (The Mexican–American War had just been fought.) The last changes to the limits of Mexico City were made between 1898 and 1902, reducing the area to the current 1479 sqkm by adjusting the southern border with the state of Morelos. By that time, the total number of municipalities within Mexico City was twenty-two.

Question: Who increased the size of Mexico City to it's largest?
Answer: Antonio López de Santa Anna
John Adler
John Herbert Adler (August 23, 1959April 4, 2011) was an American politician and a member of the Democratic Party who served for one term as the U.S. Representative for New Jersey 's congressional district from 2009 until 2011. He lost his 2010 congressional election to former Philadelphia Eagles football player Jon Runyan. Prior to joining Congress, Adler was a member of the New Jersey Senate from 1992 to 2009, where he represented the 6th Legislative District. 
John Adler
Only a few months after leaving the House due to losing reelection, Adler unexpectedly died after suffering from endocarditis as a result of getting a staph infection. In 2012, his widow, Shelley Adler, announced her candidacy for the seat, but she ended up losing to Runyan.
Jon Runyan
Jon Daniel Runyan (born November 27, 1973) is an American athlete and politician who was the U.S. Representative for New Jersey 's congressional district from 2011 to 2015. He is a member of the Republican Party. Before entering politics, he was an American football offensive tackle in the National Football League, where he played for 14 seasons. He was a participant in the 2003 Pro Bowl following the 2002 NFL season.

Question: When was the football player that beat John Alder in the 2010 congressional election born?
Answer: November 27, 1973
Arsenal F.C.
Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The most successful London club, they have won 13 League titles (including one unbeaten league title), a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, 15 FA Community Shields, the League Centenary Trophy, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup.
Arsenal F.C.
Arsenal was the first club from the South of England to join The Football League, in 1893, and they reached the First Division in 1904. Relegated only once, in 1913, they continue the longest streak in the top division, and have won the second-most top-flight matches in English football history. In the 1930s, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, and another FA Cup and two Championships after the war. In 1970–71, they won their first League and FA Cup Double. Between 1989 and 2005, they won five League titles and five FA Cups, including two more Doubles. They completed the 20th century with the highest average league position.
The Invincibles (football)
In football, "The Invincibles" is a nickname used to refer to the Preston North End team of the 1888–89 season, managed by William Sudell, and the Arsenal team of the 2003–04 season managed by Arsène Wenger. Preston North End earned the nickname after completing an entire season undefeated in league and cup competition (27 games), while Arsenal were undefeated in the league (38 games) in a run that stretched to a record 49 games. The actual nickname of the Preston team was the "Old Invincibles", but both versions have been in use.

Question: Who managed the football club that earned a nickname due to being the only English club to go a 38-match league season unbeaten?
Answer: Arsène Wenger
South Asian Games
The South Asian Games (SAG or SA Games), and formerly known as the South Asian Federation Games (SAFG or SAF Games) is a biennial multi-sport event held among the athletes from South Asia. The governing body of these games is South Asia Olympic Council (SAOC), formed in 1983. Currently, the SAOC comprises 7 member countries, namely Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan started participating in the SAF Games in 2004 and left the SAOC after participating in the 2016 edition.
Maratab Ali Shah
Syed Maratab Ali Shah (25 March 1982) is a two time Pakistani Asian Games bronze medalist. He is also a two-time South Asian Games gold medalist in wushu.

Question: Which biennial multi-sport event held among the athletes from South Asia has Syed Maratab Ali Shah gold medaled in twice?
Answer: The South Asian Games
Lomatia
Lomatia is a genus of 12 species of evergreen flowering plants in the protea family Proteaceae. Within the family, they have been placed, alone, in their own subtribe, Lomatiinae according to Johnson & Briggs 1975 classification of the family and subsequently in Flora of Australia (1995).
Nemophila
Nemophila is a genus found in the flowering plant family Boraginaceae.

Question: Lomatia and Nemophila, are a species of which mutual genus?
Answer: flowering plants
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MOD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".

Question: How much land is owned by the MoD?
Answer: 227,300 hectares
Near East
The Ottoman Empire, believed to be about to collapse, was portrayed in the press as the "sick man of Europe". The Balkan states, with the partial exception of Bosnia and Albania, were primarily Christian, as was the majority of Lebanon. Starting in 1894, the Ottomans struck at the Armenians on the explicit grounds that they were a non-Muslim people and as such were a potential threat to the Muslim empire within which they lived. The Hamidian Massacres aroused the indignation of the entire Christian world. In the United States the now aging Julia Ward Howe, author of the Battle Hymn of the Republic, leaped into the war of words and joined the Red Cross. Relations of minorities within the Ottoman Empire and the disposition of former Ottoman lands became known as the "Eastern Question", as the Ottomans were on the east of Europe.

Question: The Balkan states were primarily what religion? 
Answer: Christian
Arsenal F.C.
Arsenal's financial results for the 2014–15 season show group revenue of £344.5m, with a profit before tax of £24.7m. The footballing core of the business showed a revenue of £329.3m. The Deloitte Football Money League is a publication that homogenises and compares clubs' annual revenue. They put Arsenal's footballing revenue at £331.3m (€435.5m), ranking Arsenal seventh among world football clubs. Arsenal and Deloitte both list the match day revenue generated by the Emirates Stadium as £100.4m, more than any other football stadium in the world.

Question: What does Arsenal report a before tax profit for 2014-15?
Answer: £24.7m