qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
East Prussia
At the instigation of Duke Konrad I of Masovia, the Teutonic Knights took possession of Prussia in the 13th century and created a monastic state to administer the conquered Old Prussians. Local Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms were gradually Germanised. The Knights' expansionist policies, including occupation of Polish Pomerania with Gdańsk/Danzig and western Lithuania, brought them into conflict with the Kingdom of Poland and embroiled them in several wars, culminating in the Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War, whereby the united armies of Poland and Lithuania, defeated the Teutonic Order at the Battle of Grunwald (Tannenberg) in 1410. Its defeat was formalised in the Second Treaty of Thorn in 1466 ending the Thirteen Years' War, and leaving the former Polish region Pomerania/Pomerelia under Polish control. Together with Warmia it formed the province of Royal Prussia. Eastern Prussia remained under the Knights but as a fief of Poland. 1466 and 1525 arrangements by kings of Poland were not verified by the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the previous gains of the Teutonic Knights, were not verified.

Question: What year was the Second Treaty of Thorn enacted?
Answer: 1466
Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Lewis and Clark County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 63,395. Its county seat is Helena, the state capital. The numerical designation for Lewis and Clark County (used in the issuance of the state's license plates) is 5. The county was established in 1865 as Edgerton County, and was renamed "Lewis and Clark County" two years later. The present name was given in honor of explorers Lewis and Clark.
Mike Horse, Montana
Mike Horse is an extinct town in Lewis and Clark County, Montana.

Question: What was the original name of the county where Mike Horse, Montana is located?
Answer: Edgerton County
Carl Edwards
Carl Michael Edwards II (born August 15, 1979) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last competed in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota Camry for Joe Gibbs Racing. Prior to that, he drove the No. 99 Ford Fusion for Roush Fenway Racing. He won the 2007 NASCAR Busch Series championship and nearly won the 2011 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series title, but lost by a tiebreaker to Tony Stewart. Edwards is well known for doing a backflip off his car to celebrate a victory, which was a result of saving himself from a potential fall when he had his first win.
2010 Kobalt Tools 500 (Atlanta)
The 2010 Kobalt Tools 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia on March 7, 2010. The race had 13 different leaders, 33 lead changes, and 10 cautions. During the race, Carl Edwards and Brad Keselowski collided, sending Keselowski airborne, subsequently crashing on his side door. Following his collision with Keselowski, Edwards was put under a three-race probation beginning in the 2010 Food City 500. Kurt Busch won the race, finishing ahead of Matt Kenseth and Juan Pablo Montoya, who finished second and third respectively.

Question: The 2010 Kobalt Tools 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia on March 7, 2010, during the race,  Brad Keselowski and who collided, sending Keselowski airborne, subsequently crashing on his side door, who is the retired American professional stock car racing driver, born on August 15, 1979?
Answer: Carl Michael Edwards II
Salford Quays
Salford Quays is an area of Salford, Greater Manchester, England, near the end of the Manchester Ship Canal. Previously the site of Manchester Docks, it became one of the first and largest urban regeneration projects in the United Kingdom following the closure of the dockyards in 1982.
Harbour City tram stop
Harbour City is a tram stop on the Eccles Line of Greater Manchester's light rail Metrolink system. It is located in the Salford Quays area, in North West England, and opened on 12 June 1999 as part of Phase 2 of the system's expansion.

Question: Was Salford Quays regenerated before or after the opening of Harbour City tram stop?
Answer: following the closure of the dockyards in 1982.
Glamour (1931 film)
Glamour is a 1931 British drama film directed by Seymour Hicks and Harry Hughes and starring Seymour Hicks, Ellaline Terriss and Margot Grahame. A young, ruthless woman falls in love with a rising actor. It was loosely remade for the 1934 American film "Glamour". There are currently no known surviving copies of the original film.
Ellaline Terriss
Mary Ellaline Terriss, Lady Hicks (born Mary Ellaline Lewin, 13 April 1871 – 16 June 1971), known professionally as Ellaline Terriss, was a popular British actress and singer, best known for her performances in Edwardian musical comedies. She met and married the actor-producer Seymour Hicks in 1893, and the two collaborated on many projects for the stage and screen.

Question: Glamour, a 1931 British drama film, directed by Seymour Hicks starred which English actress known as 'Lady Hicks' and best known for her performances in Edwardian musical comedies?
Answer: Ellaline Terriss
Mosaic
The craft has also been popular in early medieval Rus, inherited as part of the Byzantine tradition. Yaroslav, the Grand Prince of the Kievan Rus' built a large cathedral in his capital, Kiev. The model of the church was the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, and it was also called Saint Sophia Cathedral. It was built mainly by Byzantine master craftsmen, sent by Constantine Monomachos, between 1037 and 1046. Naturally the more important surfaces in the interior were decorated with golden mosaics. In the dome we can see the traditional stern Pantokrator supported by angels. Between the 12 windows of the drum were apostles and the four evangelists on the pendentives. The apse is dominated by an orant Theotokos with a Deesis in three medallions above. Below is a Communion of the Apostles.

Question: What was the name of the church Yaroslav commissioned?
Answer: Saint Sophia Cathedral
Arena Football League
In 2013, the league expanded with the addition of two new franchises to play in 2014, the Los Angeles Kiss, owned by Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley of the rock band Kiss, and the Portland Thunder.

Question: Other than the Los Angeles Kiss, what expansion team entered in the league in 2013?
Answer: Portland Thunder
Uday Shankar
Uday Shankar (8 December 1900 – 26 September 1977) was an Indian dancer and choreographer, best known for creating a fusion style of dance, adapting European theatrical techniques to Indian classical dance, imbued with elements of Indian classical, folk, and tribal dance, which he later popularised in India, Europe, and the United States in 1920s and 1930s. He was a pioneer of modern dance in India.
Ananda Shankar (album)
Ananda Shankar is the debut album by Indian musician Ananda Shankar, the son of dancer and choreographer Uday Shankar and the nephew of Indian classical musician Ravi Shankar. It was released in 1970 on the Reprise record label. The album fuses Indian music with Western rock and electronic music, and was among the first works in the rock genre by an Indian musician. Consisting mainly of instrumental recordings featuring sitar and Moog synthesizer, it includes a cover version of the Rolling Stones' 1968 hit song "Jumpin' Jack Flash" and a thirteen-minute Indian-style piece titled "Sagar (The Ocean)".
Ananda Shankar (album)
"Ananda Shankar" followed a series of sitar-based releases by artists hoping to capitalise on the mid-1960s raga rock trend. Initially conceived as a collaboration with guitarist Jimi Hendrix, it was instead recorded in Los Angeles by Shankar with contributors such as synthesizer exponent Paul Lewinson. In the decades since the LP's release, "Jumpin' Jack Flash" became a popular club hit, while the album has been recognised for its influence on world music fusion, particularly the East–West styles developed in the UK. It is one of the albums featured in Robert Dimery's book "1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die".

Question: Ananda Shankar is the son of what Indian pioneer of modern dance?
Answer: Uday Shankar
Brook Lopez
Brook Robert Lopez (born April 1, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected 10th overall by the Nets in the 2008 NBA draft, after playing two years of college basketball for the Stanford Cardinal. In 2013, Lopez was selected to play in his first NBA All-Star Game. His twin brother Robin Lopez is also an NBA player.
Brook Lopez
Brook Lopez was born in the Los Angeles district of North Hollywood to Deborah Ledford and his now-estranged father, Heriberto Lopez, a native of Cuba. His grandfather played at the University of Colorado. Lopez moved from Hollywood to Oak Harbor, Washington, while in second grade to be near his older brother, Alex, who was playing basketball at the University of Washington at the time. He moved to his current hometown of Fresno, California, a year later, where he attended San Joaquin Memorial High School. While there he played basketball with his twin brother, Robin Lopez, as well as Quincy Pondexter, a fellow future NBA player. Both teammates played with Lopez on their successful AAU team, the Elite Basketball Organization (EBO), along with Derrick Jasper and Tre'Von Willis, both of UNLV. Brook, along with his brother, Robin, committed to Stanford University early in 2005. The Lopez twins were the second twin combination at Stanford, following Jason Collins and Jarron Collins.
Robin Lopez
Robin Byron Lopez (born April 1, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected with the 15th pick in the 2008 NBA draft by the Phoenix Suns, was traded to the New Orleans Hornets in 2012 and was traded to Portland in 2013. He played college basketball for the Stanford Cardinal alongside his twin brother Brook Lopez, who also currently plays for the Milwaukee Bucks.

Question: Which university did Brook Lopez and his brother Robin Lopez attend and play basketball for?
Answer: Stanford
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
The context-sensitive button mechanic allows one button to serve a variety of functions, such as talking, opening doors, and pushing, pulling, and throwing objects. The on-screen display shows what action, if any, the button will trigger, determined by the situation. For example, if Link is holding a rock, the context-sensitive button will cause Link to throw the rock if he is moving or targeting an object or enemy, or place the rock on the ground if he is standing still.

Question: Many different types of interaction can be controlled by how many buttons?
Answer: one
Playgirl
Playgirl was an American magazine that featured general interest articles, lifestyle and celebrity news, in addition to nude or semi-nude men. In the 1970s and 1980s, the magazine printed monthly and was marketed mainly to women, although it had a significant gay male readership.
Playgirl
The magazine was founded in 1973 by Douglas Lambert during the height of the feminist movement as a response to erotic men's magazines such as "Playboy" and "Penthouse" that featured similar photos of women. In 1977 Lambert sold "Playgirl" to Ira Ritter who took over as publisher. The magazine covered issues like abortion, equal rights, and interspersing sexy shots of men and played a pivotal role in the sexual revolution for women. From March 2009 to February 2010, "Playgirl" appeared only online. The magazine returned to print as a sometime quarterly beginning with its March 2010 issue. The last print issue was for Winter 2016. As of 2016 the magazine was believed to have had only approximately 3,000 subscribers.
Ettelaat-e Banuvan
Ettelā'āt-e Bānuvān ( ) or "Banovan" was one of the early women's magazines published in Tehran. The magazine was first published by Ettelaat in 1957. It covered news on celebrities, royal families, health, beauty, and other topics related to women. The magazine was closed in 1979, but was reopened in 1981.

Question: What was the first women's magazine published in Tehran,  Ettelaat-e Banuvan or Playgirl?
Answer: Ettelā'āt-e Bānuvān
Prime minister
In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled "Chairman of the government" while the Irish prime minister is called the (which is rendered into English as "prime minister"), and in Israel he or she is "Rosh HaMemshalah," meaning "head of the government". In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government ( ).

Question: What is the Israeli term for prime minister?
Answer: Rosh HaMemshalah
St. Mark's College (University of Adelaide)
St Mark's College is a world-class university co-residential college in North Adelaide, South Australia. It is home to a vibrant, diverse and inclusive community. Founded in 1925, it is affiliated with the Anglican Church of Australia, and accepts individuals from all faiths and no faith. It is the oldest residential college in South Australia and is associated with the University of Adelaide, the University of South Australia and Flinders University. Located next to St Peter's Cathedral on Pennington Terrace, the College houses 245 tertiary students in both dormitory and apartment accommodation.
University of South Australia
The University of South Australia (UniSA) is a public research university in the Australian state of South Australia. It is a founding member of the Australian Technology Network of universities, and is the largest university in South Australia with approximately 32,000 students.

Question: St. Mark's College is the oldest residential college associated with the University of Adelaide, and accepts students attending what public research university that is the largest university in South Australia?
Answer: The University of South Australia
Identity (social science)
"A person's identity is defined as the totality of one's self-construal, in which how one construes oneself in the present expresses the continuity between how one construes oneself as one was in the past and how one construes oneself as one aspires to be in the future"; this allows for definitions of aspects of identity, such as: "One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity". 
Identity (social science)
A "psychological identity" relates to self-image (one's mental model of oneself), self-esteem, and individuality. Consequently, Peter Weinreich gives the definition:

Question: What psychological concept does Weinreich state as between the past and future?
Answer: identity
Mike Clancy
Cristopher J. Clancy (born September 9, 1924–June 11, 1988), better known as Mike Clancy, was an American professional wrestler, sheriff and businessman. Clancy became a prominent performer throughout the National Wrestling Alliance from 1948 to 1967, capturing the NWA World Junior Heavyweight Championship and having feuds with Lou Thesz, Verne Gagne and Freddie Blassie.
Freddie Blassie
Frederick Kenneth Blassie (February 8, 1918 – June 2, 2003), better known as "Classy" Freddie Blassie, was an American professional wrestling villain and manager. Renowned as "The Hollywood Fashion Plate", he was a one-time NWA World Junior Heavyweight Champion.

Question: Who was older Mike Clancy or Freddie Blassie?
Answer: Freddie Blassie
Brigham Young University
Students attending BYU agree to follow an honor code that mandates behavior in line with LDS teachings, such as academic honesty, adherence to dress and grooming standards, abstinence from extramarital sex and homosexual behavior, and no consumption of illegal drugs, coffee, tea, alcohol, or tobacco. Approximately 99 percent of the students are members of the LDS Church. The university curriculum includes religious education, with required courses in the Bible (KJV), LDS scripture, doctrine, and history, and the university sponsors weekly devotional assemblies with most speakers addressing religious topics. Sixty-six percent of students either delay enrollment or take a hiatus from their studies to serve as LDS missionaries. An education at BYU is less expensive than at similar private universities, since "a significant portion" of the cost of operating the university is subsidized by the church's tithing funds.

Question: How does the cost of attending BYU compare to the cost of attending similar universities?
Answer: less expensive
Choi Min-ho
Choi Min-ho (Korean:  ; born December 9, 1991), better known by the mononym Minho, is a South Korean singer, actor, songwriter and rapper . He debuted as a member of South Korean boy group Shinee in May 2008 who later went on to become one of the best-selling artists in Korea. Aside from group activities as singer, he has debuted as an actor in November 2010 in a KBS2's drama special, entitled "Pianist". He has since had roles in various television dramas such as SBS' sitcom, "Salamander Guru and The Shadows" (2012), "To the Beautiful You" (2012), "Medical Top Team" (2013), "My First Time" (2015) and "" (2016). He made his feature film debut in 2016 with "Canola".
Salamander Guru and The Shadows
Salamander Guru and The Shadows () is a 2012 South Korean sitcom starring Choi Minho, Ryu Hyun-kyung, Im Won-hee, Lee Byung-joon and Oh Dal-su. It aired on SBS from January 27 to March 30, 2012 on Fridays at 23:00 for 10 episodes. It is SBS's first sitcom in 5 years.

Question: Salamander Guru and The Shadows is a 2012 South Korean sitcom starring which South Korean singer and actor, better known by the mononym Minho?
Answer: Choi Min-ho
George Howard, 4th Earl of Suffolk
George Howard, 4th Earl of Suffolk (c. 17 July 162521 April 1691) was an English peer. He was a son of Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, and was styled Hon. George Howard from 1640 to 1688/9.
Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk
Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': 'KG', '4': "} (13 August 15843 June 1640) was an English nobleman and politician.

Question: George Howard, 4th Earl of Suffolk, was the son of which English nobleman and politician?
Answer: Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk
Remington Model 31
The Remington Model 31 is a pump-action shotgun that competed with the Winchester Model 1912 for the American sporting arms market. Produced from 1931 to 1949, it superseded the John Pedersen-designed Models 10 and 29, and the John Browning-designed Model 17. It was replaced by the less expensive to manufacture Model 870 in 1950.
Winchester Model 1912
The Winchester Model 1912 (also commonly known as the Model 12, or M12) is an internal-hammer pump-action shotgun with an external tube magazine. Popularly named the "Perfect Repeater" at its introduction, it largely set the standard for pump action shotguns over its 51-year high-rate production life. From August 1912 until first discontinued by Winchester in May 1964, nearly two million Model 12 shotguns were produced in various grades and barrel lengths. Initially chambered for 20 gauge only, the 12 and 16 gauge versions came out in 1913 (first listed in the 1914 catalogs), and the 28 gauge version came out in 1934. A .410 version was never produced; instead, a scaled-down version of the Model 12 known as the Model 42, directly derived from scaled drawings of the Model 12, was produced in .410.

Question: The Remington Model 31 competed with the Winchester model that was popularly known as what?
Answer: Perfect Repeater
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country located on the south coast of West Africa. Ivory Coast's political capital is Yamoussoukro in the centre of the country, while its economic capital and largest city is the port city of Abidjan. It borders Guinea to the northwest, Liberia to the west, Mali to the northwest, Burkina Faso to the northeast, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) to the south. The official language of the republic is French, with local indigenous languages also being widely used that include Baoulé, Dioula, Dan, Anyin, and Cebaara Senufo. In total, there are around 78 different languages spoken in Ivory Coast. The country has large populations of Muslims, Christians (primarily Roman Catholics) and various indigenous religions.
Euphaedra phaethusa
Euphaedra phaethusa, the common Ceres forester, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin and possibly Nigeria. The habitat consists of forests.

Question: What common Ceres forester butterfly is found in the couuntry with the politcal capital of Yamoussoukro?
Answer: Euphaedra phaethusa
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas, Inc (TMMTX) is an automobile production subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation based in San Antonio, Texas. It owns and operates a manufacturing and assembly facility for the parent company. The TMMTX assembly lines currently produce the Tundra full-size pickup truck and the Tacoma mid-size pickup truck.
Toyota Tacoma
The Toyota Tacoma is a pickup truck manufactured in the U.S. by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota since 1995. The first-generation Tacoma, model years 1995 through 2004, was classified as a compact pickup. The second generation, model years 2005 through 2015, and third generation, in production since 2015, are classified as midsized pickups and are produced in the U.S. and Mexico. The Tacoma was "Motor Trend"' s Truck of the Year for 2005.

Question: The TMMTX assembly lines currently produce the Tundra full-size pickup truck and which pickup truck manufactured in the U.S. by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Toyota since 1995?
Answer: Toyota Tacoma
Thuringia
Since the Protestant Reformation, the most prominent Christian denomination in Thuringia has been Lutheranism. During the GDR period, church membership was discouraged and has continued shrinking since the reunification in 1990. Today over two thirds of the population is non-religious. The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany has had the largest number of members in the state, adhered to by 20.8% of the population in 2018. Members of the Catholic Church formed 7.6% of the population, while 71.6% of Thuringians were non-religious or adhere to other faiths. The highest Protestant concentrations are in the small villages of southern and western Thuringia, whereas the bigger cities are even more non-religious (up to 88% in Gera). Catholic regions are Eichsfeld in the northwest and parts of the Rhön Mountains around Geisa in the southwest. Protestant church membership is shrinking rapidly, whereas the Catholic Church is somewhat more stable because of Catholic migration from Poland, Southern Europe and West Germany. Other religions play no significant role in Thuringia. There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews (mostly migrants from Russia) living in Thuringia. Furthermore, there are some Orthodox communities of Eastern European migrants and some traditional Protestant Free churches in Thuringia without any societal influence.

Question: How many Jews live in Thuringia?
Answer: 750 Jews
Pub
A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted guild status in 1446 and in 1514 the guild became the Worshipful Company of Innholders. A survey in 1577 of drinking establishment in England and Wales for taxation purposes recorded 14,202 alehouses, 1,631 inns, and 329 taverns, representing one pub for every 187 people.

Question: Where did travelers early in the Middle Ages often find lodgings?
Answer: monasteries
Madonna
Biographer J. Randy Taraborrelli described her ballad "I'll Remember" (1994) as an attempt to tone down her provocative image. The song was recorded for Alek Keshishian's film "With Honors". She made a subdued appearance with Letterman at an awards show and appeared on "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno" after realizing that she needed to change her musical direction in order to sustain her popularity. With her sixth studio album, "Bedtime Stories" (1994), Madonna employed a softer image to try to improve the public perception. The album debuted at number three on the "Billboard" 200 and generated two U.S. top-five hits, "Secret" and "Take a Bow", the latter topping the Hot 100 for seven weeks, the longest period of any Madonna single. "Something to Remember", a collection of ballads, was released in November 1995. The album featured three new songs: "You'll See", "One More Chance", and a cover of Marvin Gaye's "I Want You". Around this time Madonna started dating rapper Tupac Shakur, but it ended in 1994. The following year, Shakur revealed in a letter to Madonna that he ended the relationship because she was white. She later became romantically involved with fitness trainer Carlos Leon.

Question: Who was the fitness trainer that Madonna was involved with?
Answer: Carlos Leon
McCarran International Airport
McCarran International Airport ( ) is an international airport in Paradise, Nevada and is the main airport for public and military use in the Las Vegas Valley, a metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Nevada, about 5 mi south of Downtown Las Vegas. The airport is owned by Clark County and operated by the Clark County Department of Aviation. It is named after the late U.S. Senator Pat McCarran, a member of the Democratic Party who contributed to the development of aviation both in Las Vegas and on a national scale. LAS covers 2,800 acres (11.3 km) of land.
Primaris Airlines
Primaris Airlines was an American charter airline located in Enterprise, Nevada, in the United States. It operated domestic and international services. Its main base was McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas.

Question:  Primaris Airlines main based an an airport named after what Senator?
Answer: Pat McCarran
Athanasius of Alexandria
Athanasius' episcopate began on 9 May 328 as the Alexandrian Council elected Athanasius to succeed after the death of Alexander, and was consecrated in A.D. 326.". Patriarch Athanasius spent over 17 years in five exiles ordered by four different Roman Emperors, not counting approximately six more incidents in which Athanasius fled Alexandria to escape people seeking to take his life.

Question: Who did Athanasius succeed?
Answer: Alexander
Jimmie Ross
Jimmie Ross is an American rock guitarist and vocalist who is best known for being a member of Pittsburgh band the Jaggerz, known for their 1970 hit "The Rapper". During the band's initial existence of 1965-1976, the bassist shared the duties of lead vocalist with guitarist Donnie Iris. By the time the Jaggerz regrouped in 1989, Iris was well into his solo career, and Ross became the sole lead vocalist and remained bassist. He continues to hold both positions today.
Jas Mann
Jasbinder Singh "Jas" Mann (born 24 April 1971) is a British songwriter, musician, singer, record producer and film producer. He was lead singer of Babylon Zoo, known for their 1996 UK chart-topping single "Spaceman" and No. 6 album "The Boy with the X-Ray Eyes". He has produced/distributed over 20 feature films, including the BAFTA-winning documentary "The Imposter", and was executive producer of Simon Pegg's "A Fantastic Fear of Everything".

Question: What do Jimmie Ross and Jas Mann have in common?
Answer: singer
Coal Miner's Daughter (film)
Coal Miner's Daughter is a 1980 American biographical musical film directed by Michael Apted from a screenplay written by Tom Rickman. It follows the story of country music singer Loretta Lynn from her early teen years in a poor family and getting married at 15 to her rise as one of the most successful country musicians. Based on Lynn's 1976 biography of the same name by George Vecsey, the film stars Sissy Spacek (in an Academy Award-winning performance) as Lynn. Tommy Lee Jones, Beverly D'Angelo and Levon Helm are featured in supporting roles. Ernest Tubb, Roy Acuff, and Minnie Pearl make cameo appearances as themselves.
Coal Miner's Daughter (film)
A film on Lynn's life was intended to be made since the release of the biography. Production for the film began on March 1979, and Lynn herself chose Spacek to portray her on screen after seeing a photograph of her despite being unfamiliar with her films. The film's soundtrack featured all Lynn's hit singles which were all sung by Spacek as well as Patsy Cline's "Sweet Dreams" sung by D'Angelo. The soundtrack reached the top 40 in the U.S. on the Billboard 200 and sold over 500,000 copies, thus being certified gold by the RIAA.
Beverly D'Angelo
Beverly Heather D'Angelo (born November 15, 1951) is an American actress and singer, who starred as Ellen Griswold in the "National Lampoon's Vacation" films (1983–2015). She has appeared in over 60 films and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for her role as Patsy Cline in "Coal Miner's Daughter" (1980), and for an Emmy Award for her role as Stella Kowalski in the TV film "A Streetcar Named Desire" (1984). Her other film roles include Sheila Franklin in "Hair" (1979) and Doris Vinyard in "American History X" (1998). She also had a guest role on "The Simpsons" as Lurleen Lumpkin.

Question: Who was the director of the 1980 American biographical film in which Beverly D'Angelo plays Patsy Cline?
Answer: Michael Apted
Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemums ( ), sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plants of the genus Chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae. They are native to East Asia and northeastern Europe. Most species originate from East Asia and the center of diversity is in China. Countless horticultural varieties and cultivars exist.
Pyrethrum
Pyrethrum was a genus of several Old World plants now classified as "Chrysanthemum" or "Tanacetum" (e.g., "C. coccineum") which are cultivated as ornamentals for their showy flower heads. Pyrethrum continues to be used as a common name for plants formerly included in the genus "Pyrethrum". Pyrethrum is also the name of a natural insecticide made from the dried flower heads of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium and Chrysanthemum coccineum. Its active ingredient are pyrethrins.

Question: Pyrethrum is a genus of flower native to which continent?
Answer: Asia
Hunter-gatherer
Forest gardening was also being used as a food production system in various parts of the world over this period. Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions. In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved, whilst undesirable species were eliminated. Eventually superior introduced species were selected and incorporated into the gardens.

Question: What did these gardeners do about unwanted species?
Answer: eliminated
Pacific War
On 15 December 1944 landings against minimal resistance were made on the southern beaches of the island of Mindoro, a key location in the planned Lingayen Gulf operations, in support of major landings scheduled on Luzon. On 9 January 1945, on the south shore of Lingayen Gulf on the western coast of Luzon, General Krueger's Sixth Army landed his first units. Almost 175,000 men followed across the twenty-mile (32 km) beachhead within a few days. With heavy air support, Army units pushed inland, taking Clark Field, 40 mi northwest of Manila, in the last week of January.

Question: Who led the Sixth Army?
Answer: General Krueger
Ammi (plant)
Ammi is a genus of about six species of summer-flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. They are native to southern Europe, northern Africa and Southwest Asia. They have fern-like leaves and white or cream coloured lace-like flowers borne in branched, rounded umbels.
Ammi (plant)
"Ammi spp." (Bishops weed) is prohibited by the Australian New Zealand Food Standards code under standard 1.4.4 due to active constituents: 
Fatshedera lizei
×Fatshedera lizei is a hybrid of flowering plants, common name tree ivy or aralia ivy. The hybrid symbol × in front of the name indicates that this is an inter-generic hybrid, a cross between plants from different genera. ×"F. lizei" was created by crossing "Fatsia japonica" 'Moserii' (Moser's Japanese fatsia, the seed parent) and "Hedera helix" (common ivy, the pollen parent) at the Lizé Frères tree nursery at Nantes in France in 1912. Its generic name is derived from the names of the two parent genera.

Question: Fatshedera lizei and Ammi are both what?
Answer: plants
Separation of church and state in the United States
The court noted that it "is a matter of history that this very practice of establishing governmentally composed prayers for religious services was one of the reasons which caused many of our early colonists to leave England and seek religious freedom in America." The lone dissenter, Justice Potter Stewart, objected to the court's embrace of the "wall of separation" metaphor: "I think that the Court's task, in this as in all areas of constitutional adjudication, is not responsibly aided by the uncritical invocation of metaphors like the "wall of separation," a phrase nowhere to be found in the Constitution."

Question: What was one of the reasons early colonists left England to seek religious freedom in America?
Answer: governmentally composed prayers for religious services
Philadelphia
Immigrants, mostly from Ireland and Germany, settled in Philadelphia and the surrounding districts. These immigrants were largely responsible for the first general strike in North America in 1835, in which workers in the city won the ten-hour workday. The city was a destination for thousands of Irish immigrants fleeing the Great Famine in the 1840s; housing for them was developed south of South Street and later occupied by succeeding immigrants. They established a network of Catholic churches and schools and dominated the Catholic clergy for decades. Anti-Irish, anti-Catholic nativist riots erupted in Philadelphia in 1844. The rise in population of the surrounding districts helped lead to the Act of Consolidation of 1854, which extended the city limits from the 2 sqmi of Center City to the roughly 134 sqmi of Philadelphia County.

Question: Why did so many Irish immigrants come to Philadelphia?
Answer: the Great Famine
Kumbh Karan
Kumbh Karan is an Indian-animated television series broadcast by the Indian kids channel Pogo. The show was released on 1 June 2010. The show earned a budget of more than $300,000.
Pogo (TV channel)
Pogo is an Indian cable and satellite television channel owned by Turner International India, a unit of WarnerMedia which primarily shows animated programming and some live-action shows. It is based in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

Question: Which Turner Broadcasting channel hosts an Indian animated television series named Kumbh Karan?
Answer: Pogo
La La Land
La La Land is a 2016 American romantic comedy musical film written and directed by Damien Chazelle. It stars Ryan Gosling as a jazz pianist and Emma Stone as an aspiring actress, who meet and fall in love while pursuing their dreams in Los Angeles. John Legend, Rosemarie DeWitt, Finn Wittrock, and J. K. Simmons also star.
La La Land
Having been fond of musicals during his time as a drummer, Chazelle first conceptualized the film alongside Justin Hurwitz while attending Harvard University together. After moving to Los Angeles in 2010, Chazelle wrote the screenplay but did not find a studio willing to finance the production without changes to his design. Following the success of his 2014 film "Whiplash," the project was picked up by Summit Entertainment. Filming took place in Los Angeles from August to September 2015, with the film's score composed by Hurwitz and the dance choreography by Mandy Moore. "La La Land" premiered at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival on August 31, 2016, and was released in the United States on December 9, 2016. It grossed $446 million worldwide against a production budget of $30 million.
Another Day of Sun
"Another Day of Sun" is the opening number from the 2016 musical film "La La Land". The ensemble number portrays drivers in a Los Angeles traffic jam on a highway ramp singing and dancing about their aspirations to succeed in Hollywood. The song was filmed on location on a 130-foot-high express ramp of the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange in three shots, edited with hidden cuts to give the illusion of a single six-minute take. The song was composed by Justin Hurwitz with lyrics by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul, and choreography by Mandy Moore.

Question: "Another Day of Sun" is the opening number from a film that stars who as a jazz pianist?
Answer: Ryan Gosling
Yale University
Yale's secret society buildings (some of which are called "tombs") were built both to be private yet unmistakable. A diversity of architectural styles is represented: [[Berzelius (secret society)|Berzelius]], [[Donn Barber]] in an austere cube with classical detailing (erected in 1908 or 1910); [[Book and Snake]], Louis R. Metcalfe in a [[Greek Ionic]] style (erected in 1901); [[Elihu (secret society)|Elihu]], architect unknown but built in a [[American colonial architecture|Colonial]] style (constructed on an early 17th-century foundation although the building is from the 18th century); [[Mace and Chain]], in a late colonial, early [[Victorian fashion|Victorian style]] (built in 1823). (Interior moulding is said to have belonged to [[Benedict Arnold]]);[[Manuscript Society]], King Lui-Wu with Dan Kniley responsible for landscaping and [[Josef Albers]] for the brickwork intaglio mural. Building constructed in a [[mid-century modern]] style; [[Scroll and Key]], [[Richard Morris Hunt]] in a Moorish- or Islamic-inspired [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts style]] (erected 1869–70); [[Skull and Bones]], possibly [[Alexander Jackson Davis]] or [[Henry Austin (architect)|Henry Austin]] in an [[Egyptian Revival|Egypto-Doric style]] utilizing [[Brownstone]] (in 1856 the first wing was completed, in 1903 the second wing, 1911 the [[Neo-Gothic]] towers in rear garden were completed); [[St. Elmo (secret society)|St. Elmo]], (former tomb) [[Kenneth MacKenzie Murchison|Kenneth M. Murchison]], 1912, designs inspired by Elizabethan manor. Current location, brick colonial; and [[Wolf's Head (secret society)|Wolf's Head]], [[Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue]], erected 1923–1924, Collegiate Gothic.

Question: Who was responsible for landscaping the Manuscript Society building?
Answer: Dan Kniley
Joseph Merrick
Joseph Carey Merrick (5 August 1862 – 11 April 1890), often erroneously called John Merrick, was an English man known for having severe deformities. He was first exhibited at a freak show as the "Elephant Man", and then went to live at the London Hospital after he met Frederick Treves, subsequently becoming well known in London society.
Joseph Merrick
Merrick was born in Leicester and began to develop abnormally during the first few years of his life. His mother died when he was 11 and his father soon remarried. Rejected by his father and stepmother, he left home and went to live with his uncle Charles Merrick. In 1879, 17-year-old Merrick entered the Leicester Union Workhouse. In 1884 he contacted a showman named Sam Torr and proposed that Torr should exhibit him. Torr arranged for a group of men to manage Merrick, whom they named the Elephant Man.
Frederick Drimmer
Frederick Drimmer (August 7, 1916 – December 24, 2000) is the author of "The Elephant Man", a book about Joseph Merrick, who suffered from Proteus Syndrome. He is also the author of "Very Special People", about famous sideshow people and the deformed, and "Until You are Dead...", concerning the history of executions in the United States.

Question: In what year was the subject of Frederick Drimmer's book "The Elephant Man" born?
Answer: 1862
Columbus, Montana
Columbus is a town in and the county seat of Stillwater County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,893 at the 2010 census.
Woltermann Memorial Airport
Woltermann Memorial Airport ( ) is a public use airport located southeast of Columbus, a city in Stillwater County, Montana, United States. Owned by the city and county, it was formerly known as Columbus Airport.

Question: What is the population of the town where Woltermann Memorial Airport is located?
Answer: 1,893
United States Bullion Depository
The United States Bullion Depository, often known as Fort Knox, is a fortified vault building located next to the United States Army post of Fort Knox, Kentucky. It is operated by the United States Department of the Treasury. The vault is used to store a large portion of the United States' gold reserves as well as other precious items belonging to or in custody of the federal government. It currently holds roughly 147.341858382 e6ozt of gold bullion, over half of the Treasury's stored gold. The United States Mint Police protects the depository.
United States Bullion Depository
The Treasury built the depository in 1936 on land transferred to it from the military. Its purpose was to house gold then stored in New York City and Philadelphia, in keeping with a strategy to move gold reserves away from coastal cities to areas less vulnerable to foreign military attack. The first set of gold shipments to the depository occurred during the first half of 1937. A second set was completed in 1941. These shipments, overseen by the United States Post Office Department, totaled roughly 416.5597539142857 e6ozt , almost two-thirds of the total gold reserves of the United States.
Goldfinger (novel)
Goldfinger is the seventh novel in Ian Fleming's James Bond series. Written in January and February 1958, it was first published in the UK by Jonathan Cape on 23 March 1959. The story centres on the investigation by the British Secret Service operative James Bond into the gold smuggling activities of Auric Goldfinger, who is also suspected by MI6 of being connected to SMERSH, the Soviet counter-intelligence organisation. As well as establishing the background to the smuggling operation, Bond uncovers a much larger plot: Goldfinger plans to steal the gold reserves of the United States from Fort Knox.

Question: The novel "Goldfinger" the title character plans to steal the gold from a vault located in what state?
Answer: Kentucky
Pope Paul VI
Paul VI opened the third period on 14 September 1964, telling the Council Fathers that he viewed the text about the Church as the most important document to come out from the council. As the Council discussed the role of bishops in the papacy, Paul VI issued an explanatory note confirming the primacy of the papacy, a step which was viewed by some as meddling in the affairs of the Council American bishops pushed for a speedy resolution on religious freedom, but Paul VI insisted this to be approved together with related texts such as ecumenism. The Pope concluded the session on 21 November 1964, with the formal pronouncement of Mary as Mother of the Church.

Question: What topic did Paul VI see as the most important to the church counsel?
Answer: Church
San Diego
In the early part of the 20th century, San Diego hosted the World's Fair twice: the Panama-California Exposition (1915) and the California Pacific International Exposition in 1935. Both expositions were held in Balboa Park, and many of the Spanish/Baroque-style buildings that were built for those expositions remain to this day as central features of the park. The buildings were intended to be temporary structures, but most remained in continuous use until they progressively fell into disrepair. Most were eventually rebuilt, using castings of the original façades to retain the architectural style. The menagerie of exotic animals featured at the 1915 exposition provided the basis for the San Diego Zoo. During the 1950s there was a citywide festival called Fiesta del Pacifico highlighting the area's Spanish and Mexican past. In the 2010s there was a proposal for a large-scale celebration of the 100th anniversary of Balboa Park, but the plans were abandoned when the organization tasked with putting on the celebration went out of business.

Question: What happened to many of the structures developed for the World Fairs?
Answer: Most were eventually rebuilt, using castings of the original façades to retain the architectural style.
Muslim world
In astronomy, Muḥammad ibn Jābir al-Ḥarrānī al-Battānī improved the precision of the measurement of the precession of the Earth's axis. The corrections made to the geocentric model by al-Battani, Averroes, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Mu'ayyad al-Din al-'Urdi and Ibn al-Shatir were later incorporated into the Copernican heliocentric model. Heliocentric theories were also discussed by several other Muslim astronomers such as Al-Biruni, Al-Sijzi, Qotb al-Din Shirazi, and Najm al-Dīn al-Qazwīnī al-Kātibī. The astrolabe, though originally developed by the Greeks, was perfected by Islamic astronomers and engineers, and was subsequently brought to Europe.

Question: Who is said to have mastered the astrolabe?
Answer: Islamic astronomers and engineers
Westminster Abbey
According to a tradition first reported by Sulcard in about 1080, a church was founded at the site (then known as Thorn Ey (Thorn Island)) in the seventh century, at the time of Mellitus, a Bishop of London. Construction of the present church began in 1245, on the orders of King Henry III.

Question: Who commissioned the Abbey to be built?
Answer: King Henry III
Carnival
Traditionally, a Carnival feast was the last opportunity for common people to eat well, as there was typically a food shortage at the end of the winter as stores ran out. Until spring produce was available, people were limited to the minimum necessary meals during this period. On what nowadays is called "vastenavond" (the days before fasting), all the remaining winter stores of lard, butter, and meat which were left would be eaten, for these would otherwise soon start to rot and decay. The selected livestock had already been slaughtered in November and the meat would no longer be preservable. All the food that had survived the winter had to be eaten to assure that everyone was fed enough to survive until the coming spring would provide new food sources.

Question: Why was the carnival feast typically the last opportunity to eat well?
Answer: food shortage at the end of the winter
Alloy
An alloy is technically an impure metal, but when referring to alloys, the term "impurities" usually denotes undesirable elements. Such impurities are introduced from the base metals and alloying elements, but are removed during processing. For instance, sulfur is a common impurity in steel. Sulfur combines readily with iron to form iron sulfide, which is very brittle, creating weak spots in the steel. Lithium, sodium and calcium are common impurities in aluminium alloys, which can have adverse effects on the structural integrity of castings. Conversely, otherwise pure-metals that simply contain unwanted impurities are often called "impure metals" and are not usually referred to as alloys. Oxygen, present in the air, readily combines with most metals to form metal oxides; especially at higher temperatures encountered during alloying. Great care is often taken during the alloying process to remove excess impurities, using fluxes, chemical additives, or other methods of extractive metallurgy.

Question: Using fluxes and chemical additives during the alloying process does what?
Answer: remove excess impurities
Multiracial Americans
Reacting to media criticism of Michelle Obama during the 2008 presidential election, Charles Steele Jr., CEO of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference said, "Why are they attacking Michelle Obama and not really attacking, to that degree, her husband? Because he has no slave blood in him." He later claimed his comment was intended to be "provocative" but declined to expand on the subject. Former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice (who was famously mistaken for a "recent American immigrant" by French President Nicolas Sarkozy), said "descendants of slaves did not get much of a head start, and I think you continue to see some of the effects of that." She has also rejected an immigrant designation for African-Americans and instead prefers the terms black or white.

Question: Why did Steele say what he did?
Answer: to be "provocative"