qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Tim Kaine
Timothy Michael Kaine ( , born February 26, 1958) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Virginia since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006 and 70th Governor of Virginia from 2006 to 2010. Kaine was the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 2016 election as the running mate of Hillary Clinton.
Aneesh Chopra
Aneesh Paul Chopra (born July 13, 1972) is an American executive who served as the first Chief Technology Officer of the United States. He was appointed in 2009 by President Barack Obama and was at the White House through 2012. Chopra previously served as Virginia's Secretary of Technology under Governor Tim Kaine. Chopra was a candidate in 2013 for the Democratic nomination for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. He is the author of "Innovative State: How New Technologies Can Transform Government" (2014) and co-founder and president of CareJourney. In 2015 he joined Albright Stonebridge Group as a senior advisor.

Question: What do Tim Kaine and Aneesh Chopra have in common?
Answer: American
Treaty
Reservations are essentially to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on the reserving state. These must be included at the time of signing or ratification, i.e. "a party cannot add a reservation after it has already joined a treaty". Article 19 of the Vienna Convention on the law of Treaties in 1969.

Question: What are caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty?
Answer: Reservations
Barbra Streisand
Barbara Joan "Barbra" Streisand ( ; born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, actress, and filmmaker. In a career spanning six decades, she has achieved success in multiple fields of entertainment and has been recognized with two Academy Awards, ten Grammy Awards including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Grammy Legend Award, five Emmy Awards, four Peabody Awards, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and nine Golden Globes. She is among a small group of entertainers who have been honored with an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award.
Barbra Streisand
After beginning a successful recording career in the 1960s, Streisand ventured into film by the end of that decade. She starred in the critically acclaimed "Funny Girl", for which she won the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress. Her other films include "The Prince of Tides", "Hello, Dolly!", "The Way We Were", "Nuts" and "A Star Is Born", for which she received her second Academy Award, composing music for the love theme "Evergreen", the first woman to be honored as a composer. With the release of "Yentl" in 1983, Streisand became the first woman to write, produce, direct, and star in a major studio film. The film won an Oscar for Best Score and a Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture Musical. Streisand also received the Golden Globe Award for Best Director, becoming the first (and to date only) woman to win that award.
Funny Lady (soundtrack)
Funny Lady is a soundtrack album by American vocalist Barbra Streisand. It was released by Arista Records on March 15, 1975 to promote the 1975 American musical comedy-drama film "Funny Lady". Executively produced by Peter Matz, the fifteen tracks on the album were performed by Streisand, James Caan, and Ben Vereen. A soundtrack sequel to 1968's "Funny Girl", "Funny Lady" is a collection of songs from the point of view of American performer Fanny Brice. "How Lucky Can You Get", the album's only single released in April 1975, promoted the record and was written by Fred Ebb and John Kander, who also co-wrote the majority of the songs on "Funny Lady".

Question: What 1975 soundtrack features American singer Barbra Streisand?
Answer: Funny Lady
Stiv Bators
Steven John Bator (October 22, 1949 – June 4, 1990), better known by his stage name Stiv Bators, was an American punk rock vocalist and guitarist from Girard, Ohio. He is best remembered for his bands Dead Boys and The Lords of the New Church.
Suggs (singer)
Graham McPherson (born 13 January 1961), known by the stage name Suggs, is an English singer-songwriter, musician, radio personality and actor.
Suggs (singer)
In a music career spanning 40 years, Suggs came to prominence in the late 1970s as the lead singer of the ska band Madness, which released fifteen singles that entered the Top 10 charts in the United Kingdom during the 1970s, 1980s and the 1990s, including "My Girl", "Baggy Trousers", "Embarrassment", "It Must Be Love", "House of Fun", "Driving in My Car", "Our House", "Wings of a Dove" and "Lovestruck". Suggs began his solo career in 1995, while still a member of Madness. Since then, he has released two studio albums and two compilation albums. His solo hits include "I'm Only Sleeping", "Camden Town", "Cecilia" and "Blue Day".

Question: Who was born first, Stiv Bators, or Suggs? 
Answer: Stiv Bators
Brigham Young University
Classes at Brigham Young Academy commenced on January 3, 1876. Warren Dusenberry served as interim principal for several months until April 1876, when Brigham Young's choice for principal arrived—a German immigrant named Karl Maeser. Under Maeser's direction, the school educated many luminaries, including future U.S. Supreme Court Justice George Sutherland and future U.S. Senator Reed Smoot. The school, however, did not become a university until the end of Benjamin Cluff's term at the helm of the institution. At that time, the school was also still privately supported by members of the community and was not absorbed and sponsored officially by the LDS Church until July 18, 1896. A series of odd managerial decisions by Cluff led to his demotion; however, in his last official act, he proposed to the Board the Academy be named "Brigham Young University". The suggestion received a large amount of opposition, with many members of the Board saying the school was not large enough to be a university, but the decision ultimately passed. One opponent to the decision, Anthon H. Lund, later said, "I hope their head will grow big enough for their hat."

Question: Who was BYU supported by before being sponsored by the LDS Church?
Answer: members of the community
Allagash, Maine
Allagash is a town in Aroostook County, Maine. It is on the Allagash River in the North Maine Woods region.
Cathie Pelletier
Cathie Pelletier (born 1953) is an award-winning novelist and songwriter who was born and raised in Allagash, a rural town in Aroostook County, Maine.

Question: Cathie Pelletier (born 1953) is an award-winning novelist and songwriter who was born and raised in which rural town in Aroostook County, Maine?
Answer: Allagash
Jimmy Choo (song)
"Jimmy Choo" is a song by American rapper Fetty Wap. It was released on February 5, 2016 and was produced by K.E. on the Track. The song sampled the intro part of The Psychedelic Furs's 1982 hit song Love My Way (song), most famous today for its use in the 2017 Oscar nominee coming-of-age drama by italian director Luca Guadagnino "Call Me by Your Name".
Jimmy Choo (song)
Fetty Wap first released the track on his SoundCloud on November 5, 2015. The song rose to popularity through a vine that went viral, featuring two girls dancing to the song. This led to the song's official release on February 5, 2016, via digital distribution as a single. Lyrically, he serenades a lady wearing the designer heels. Noted by "Billboard", the song contains an "undulating" hook ("Jimmy Choo’s on her feet when she be walkin'"), delivered in his "half-mumbled" vocal style against a smooth, clubby backdrop.
K.E. on the Track
Kevin Erondu, better known as K.E. on the Track, is an American record producer.

Question: What is the real name of the man who produced the song released on February 6,2016 by Fetty Wap?
Answer: Kevin Erondu
Bill Moyers
Billy Don Moyers (born June 5, 1934) is an American journalist and political commentator. He served as the ninth White House Press Secretary under the Johnson administration from 1965 to 1967. He also worked as a network TV news commentator for ten years. Moyers has been extensively involved with public broadcasting, producing documentaries and news journal programs. He has won numerous awards and honorary degrees for his investigative journalism and civic activities. He has become well-known as a trenchant critic of the corporately structured U.S. news media.
Sam Keen
Sam Keen (born 1931) is an American author, professor, and philosopher who is best known for his exploration of questions regarding love, life, wonder, religion, and being a male in contemporary society. He co-produced "Faces of the Enemy", an award-winning PBS documentary; was the subject of a Bill Moyers' television special in the early 1990s; and for 20 years served as a contributing editor at "Psychology Today" magazine. He is also featured in the 2003 documentary "Flight from Death".

Question: What years did the man who made Sam Keen a subject of a television special in the early 1990s serve as White House Press Secretary?
Answer: 1965 to 1967
Ralph Fiennes
Ralph Nathaniel Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes ( ; born 22 December 1962) is an English actor, film producer, and director. A Shakespeare interpreter, he first achieved success onstage at the Royal National Theatre.
Strange Days (film)
Strange Days is a 1995 American science fiction thriller film directed by Kathryn Bigelow, written by James Cameron and Jay Cocks, and produced by Cameron and Steven-Charles Jaffe. It stars Ralph Fiennes, Angela Bassett, Juliette Lewis, and Tom Sizemore. Set in the last two days of 1999, the film follows the story of a black marketeer of recordings that allow a user to experience the recorder's memories and physical sensations as he attempts to uncover the truth behind the murder of a prostitute.

Question: What actor first achieved success onstage at the Royal National Theatre and starred in Strange Days? 
Answer: Ralph Fiennes
Color Fuses
Color Fuses is an outdoor mural by the designer Milton Glaser that wraps around the entire ground floor of the Minton-Capehart Federal Building in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. While the building opened in 1975, the mural was finished in late 1974 and occupies the 672 feet around the entire portico of the building, rising 27 feet high, and showcasing 35 different colors in panels that vary in width between 6 and 36 feet. Originally, there was a programmed light system that pulsated light on the mural in a dynamic affect. Due to initial complaints, this system was dismantled shortly after it was installed, but completely re-installed and recreated when the mural was restored in 2012.
Minton–Capehart Federal Building
The Minton–Capehart Federal Building is a United States federal building in Indianapolis, Indiana, that is named in honor of former U.S. Senator and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sherman Minton and former U.S. Senator Homer E. Capehart. 
Minton–Capehart Federal Building
The building was designed by Indianapolis architect Evans Woollen III, the principal and founder of Woollen, Molzan and Partners. Completed in 1976, the structure is notable for its exposed concrete slabs, which are typical of the Brutalist architecture style. The some have called the $20 million project a "pigeon coop" and "the ugliest building in Indianapolis."

Question: What 1974 building is named for Justice Sherman Minton?
Answer: Minton-Capehart Federal Building
WWF Capital Carnage
Capital Carnage was a UK-only professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) that took place on December 6, 1998 at the London Arena in London, England. It was released on DVD in the UK and Europe on July 12, 2010, in a set also including No Mercy (UK) as part of the WWE's Tagged Classics range released by Silver Vision, without any edits to the original content, most notably keeping all mentions and appearances of the WWF logo intact and un-blurred. Jim Ross suffered his second Bells palsy attack on-air during this event. He did not officially call matches again for the WWF until the main event of WrestleMania XV.
WrestleMania XV
WrestleMania XV was the 15th annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE), which took place on March 28, 1999, at the First Union Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Question: Capital Carnage was a UK-only professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) that took place on which date, Jim Ross suffered his second Bells palsy attack on-air during this event, he officially called matches again for the WWE, in the main event of WrestleMania XV?
Answer: December 6, 1998
Garden Island (South Australia)
Garden Island is an island in the Australian state of South Australia located about 14 km north-west of the capital city of Adelaide in an estuary system within the Adelaide metropolitan area which drains into Gulf St Vincent. It is notable as being a site for a mangrove forest, a landfill, a part of the site for the Multifunction Polis, a ship graveyard and a venue for recreational boating activities. It has enjoyed varying degrees of protected area status since 1973.
Multifunction Polis
The Multifunction Polis (MFP) was a controversial scheme for a planned community in Australia proposed in 1987 and abandoned in 1998. From the Greek word "polis", meaning "city", it was imagined as a place where work and leisure, lifetime education and intercultural exchange, research and manufacturing would be uniquely integrated.

Question: What controversial scheme for a planned community was in Garden Island?
Answer: Multifunction Polis
Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging
Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging is a 2008 teen romantic comedy film co-written and directed by Gurinder Chadha, based on the young adult novels "Angus, Thongs and Full-Frontal Snogging" (1999) and "It's OK, I'm Wearing Really Big Knickers" (2000) by Louise Rennison. The film stars Georgia Groome, Alan Davies, Karen Taylor, Aaron Johnson and Eleanor Tomlinson. The plot follows 14-year-old Georgia Nicholson (Groome) as she tries to find a boyfriend while also organising her 15th-birthday party. This is the first Nickelodeon film to be rated PG-13.
Fun Size
Fun Size (known as Half Pint in some countries) is a 2012 American teen comedy film written by Max Werner and directed by Josh Schwartz. It stars Victoria Justice, Jane Levy, Thomas Mann, Jackson Nicoll, Chelsea Handler, Thomas McDonell, Riki Lindhome, and Osric Chau. It was the second time a Nickelodeon film received a PG-13 rating, since "Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging", which was released straight-to-DVD in the US, and two years before "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", which was released in theatres. However, it is the studio's first American and theatrically released film with that rating. The film grossed $11 million against its $14 million budget.

Question: For which feat of notoriety did Fun Size, a 2012 American teen black comedy film and 'Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging', a 2008 coming of age-comedy, both Nickelodeon films, become the only two to fall victim of?
Answer: PG-13 rating
Mosaic
The greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Constantinople after the Hagia Sophia. They were executed around 1320 by the command of Theodore Metochites. The esonarthex has two fluted domes, specially created to provide the ideal setting for the mosaic images of the ancestors of Christ. The southern one is called the Dome of the Pantokrator while the northern one is the Dome of the Theotokos. The most important panel of the esonarthex depicts Theodore Metochites wearing a huge turban, offering the model of the church to Christ. The walls of both narthexes are decorated with mosaic cycles from the life of the Virgin and the life of Christ. These panels show the influence of the Italian trecento on Byzantine art especially the more natural settings, landscapes, figures.

Question: Who commissioned the mosaics at naos?
Answer: Theodore Metochites
Patrick Barnewall (judge)
Patrick Barnewall (c. 1500–1552) was a leading figure in the Irish Government of the 1530s and 1540s. He owed his position largely to his close links with Thomas Cromwell. He sat in the Irish House of Commons as MP for Dublin County, and held the offices of Solicitor General for Ireland and Master of the Rolls in Ireland. Today he is mainly remembered for his role in founding the King's Inns. He belonged to a junior branch of the family of Lord Trimlestown: his own descendants held the title Viscount Barnewall of Kingsland.
Thomas Cromwell
Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, ( ; 1485 – 28 July 1540) was an English lawyer and statesman who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII of England from 1532 to 1540, when he was beheaded on orders of the king.

Question: Who was an English Lawyer and statesman and also has close links with Patrick Barnewall?
Answer: Thomas Cromwell
New Haven, Connecticut
The city is home to New Haven Promise, a tuition-only scholarship to Connecticut's two or four-year public colleges and universities. Potential scholarship recipients must be enrolled in a public high school (whether traditional, magnet, or charter) for four years or be a resident of the city during that time, carry a 3.0 cumulative grade-point average, have a 90-percent attendance rate and perform 40 hours of service to the city. The initiative was launched in 2010 and there are currently more than 500 scholars enrolled in qualifying Connecticut colleges and universities. There are more than 60 cities in the country that have a Promise-type program for their students.

Question: What is the minimum attendance rate for a student to be eligible for the New Haven Promise Scholarship?
Answer: 90-percent
Arif Erdem
Arif Erdem (born 2 January 1972) is a retired Turkish international footballer of Albanian descent and the former manager of İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor. He played in the forward position. Starting out with local club Zeytinburnuspor in 1990, Arif had a decorated 15-year professional career. He scored 106 goals in 341 league matches and finished joint top scorer ("Gol Kralı") of the Süper Lig with İlhan Mansız at the conclusion of the 2001–02 season.
İlhan Mansız
İlhan Mansız (born 10 August 1975) is a German-born Turkish former professional footballer who played as a forward. He is also a competing figure skater. He is of Crimean Tatar descent.
İlhan Mansız
Mansız gained international recognition at Istanbul's Beşiktaş J.K., and was later acquired by the Vissel Kobe football club in Japan.

Question: Arif Erdem, is a retired Turkish international footballer of Albanian descent and the former manager of İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor, he scored 106 goals in 341 league matches and finished joint top scorer ("Gol Kralı") of the Süper Lig with İlhan Mansız, a German-born Turkish former football player and current competing figure skater, at the conclusion of which season?
Answer: 2001–02
Boyd Gaming
Boyd Gaming Corporation is an American gaming and hospitality company based in Paradise, Nevada. The company continues to be run by founder Sam Boyd's family under the management of Sam's son, Bill Boyd (born 1931), who currently serves as the company's executive chairman after retiring as CEO in January 2008.
The Orleans
The Orleans is a hotel and casino located in Paradise, Nevada, near the Las Vegas Strip. It is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming. It includes the large multipurpose Orleans Arena that can be converted into an ice rink and can seat 9,000 attendees.
The Orleans
Though The Orleans attracts a fair number of tourists, particularly during the Mr. Olympia contest, it is primarily considered to be a locals casino. It is located about 0.8 mi west of the Las Vegas Strip, but offers from 9:00 am to 12:30 am a free shuttle bus approximately every 30 minutes to sister property Gold Coast Hotel and Casino and The Linq.

Question: Sam Boyd's family operates what hotel located in Paradise, Nevada?
Answer: The Orleans
Biz Markie
Marcel Theo Hall (born April 8, 1964), better known by his stage name Biz Markie, is an American rapper, beatboxer, DJ, actor, comedian, television personality and spokesperson. He is best known for his 1989 single "Just a Friend", which became a Top 40 hit in several countries. In 2008, "Just a Friend" made #100 on VH1's list of the 100 greatest hip hop songs of all time.
Biz Markie
Markie's career began on Long Island and he graduated from Longwood High School in 1982.
187 Fac
187 Fac, was an American rap group from Hayward, California, with two members: Den Fenn (Alvin Dennis Thomas, Jr.) and G-Nut (Gregory Savoy Brown, Jr). After releasing their debut album, "The U.N.E.", in 1993, they made their first guest appearance on Ant Banks' 1995 album, "Do or Die". Before releasing their second album, "Fac Not Fiction" on Penalty Recordings in 1997, they appeared together on several albums, including: "Murder Squad Nationwide", "The Rompalation," and "Have Heart Have Money." In 1996, they appeared on the Red Hot Organization's compilation CD, America is Dying Slowly, alongside Biz Markie, Wu-Tang Clan, and Fat Joe, among many other prominent hip hop artists. The CD, meant to raise awareness of the AIDS epidemic among African American men, was heralded as "a masterpiece" by The Source magazine.

Question: What resident of Howard County, Maryland appeared alongside 187 Fac in America is Dying Slowly?
Answer: Biz Markie
Fearless (Taylor Swift album)
Fearless is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The album was released on November 11, 2008, by Big Machine Records. Swift wrote most of the songs during the time when she was promoting her self-titled debut studio album performing as an opening act for other country artists. Of the 13 tracks on the standard edition, eight were solely written by Swift, and the other were co-written by Swift with Liz Rose, Hillary Lindsey, Colbie Caillat, and John Rich. Swift also made her debut as a record producer, co-producing all songs with Nathan Chapman.
Fearless Tour
The Fearless Tour was the debut concert tour by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, launched in support of her second studio album ""Fearless"" (2008). It began on April 23, 2009, in Evansville, Indiana and concluded on July 10, 2010, in Cavendish, Canada. Kellie Pickler, Gloriana, and Justin Bieber were supporting acts for the tour. 
Fearless Tour
During the tour, Swift performed with guests such as John Mayer, Katy Perry, and Faith Hill. It grossed $63,705,590 from 89 reported shows and an audience of 1,138,977. Several shows were recorded and released for a concert series, "Journey to Fearless", on The Hub; it aired from October 22 to 24, 2010.

Question: What was the name of the tour that accompanied the album released on November 11, 2008 by Big Machine Records?
Answer: The Fearless Tour
Empiricism
Most of Hume's followers have disagreed with his conclusion that belief in an external world is "rationally" unjustifiable, contending that Hume's own principles implicitly contained the rational justification for such a belief, that is, beyond being content to let the issue rest on human instinct, custom and habit. According to an extreme empiricist theory known as phenomenalism, anticipated by the arguments of both Hume and George Berkeley, a physical object is a kind of construction out of our experiences. Phenomenalism is the view that physical objects, properties, events (whatever is physical) are reducible to mental objects, properties, events. Ultimately, only mental objects, properties, events, exist—hence the closely related term subjective idealism. By the phenomenalistic line of thinking, to have a visual experience of a real physical thing is to have an experience of a certain kind of group of experiences. This type of set of experiences possesses a constancy and coherence that is lacking in the set of experiences of which hallucinations, for example, are a part. As John Stuart Mill put it in the mid-19th century, matter is the "permanent possibility of sensation".

Question: What did Hume say can't be rationally justified?
Answer: belief in an external world
Kent Brockman
Kent Brockman is a fictional character in the animated television series "The Simpsons". He is voiced by Harry Shearer and first appeared in the episode "Krusty Gets Busted". He is a grumpy, self-centered local Springfield news anchor.
Hal Fishman
Harold "Hal" Fishman (August 25, 1931 – August 7, 2007) was a local news anchor in the Los Angeles area, serving on-air with Los Angeles-area television stations continuously from 1960 until his death in 2007. Fishman was the longest-running news anchor in the history of American television before Dave Ward surpassed him in 2015. He was also a record-holding aviator. "The Simpsons" cartoon television anchorman Kent Brockman was partially inspired by Hal Fishman.

Question: Hal Fishman was the inspiration of a character in The Simpsons voiced by who?
Answer: Harry Shearer
List of West Ham United F.C. managers
West Ham United Football Club, an association football club based in Stratford, London, have had seventeen permanent managers in their history and an additional three caretaker managers. Up until 1989 the club had only had five different managers. Before the appointment of Gianfranco Zola in 2008 the club never had an overseas manager, with the only non-Englishman being the Scot, Lou Macari. The most recent manager is the Chilean Manuel Pellegrini, appointed in May 2018 on a three year deal - succeeding David Moyes, who was appointed on a short-term contract after Slaven Bilić was sacked in November 2017. Before Bilić, the club was managed by Sam Allardyce, who was appointed in May 2011 and left in May 2015. Numerous former West Ham players have taken on temporary managerial roles at the club, between permanent managers. Ronnie Boyce briefly took the reins, in February 1990, between Macari's resignation and the appointment of Billy Bonds. Former Hammer's player and board member Trevor Brooking was briefly in charge during two separate spells as caretaker manager in 2003, first during the illness of Glenn Roeder and again between Roeder's sacking and the appointment of Alan Pardew. Former player Kevin Keen has been caretaker manager twice; immediately prior to Gianfranco Zola's appointment in 2008 and after the sacking of Avram Grant in 2011. The most recent manager Manuel Pellegrini was sacked on 28 December 2019 after a poor spell of results.
Sam Allardyce
Samuel Allardyce ( ; born 19 October 1954) is an English football manager and former professional player.
Sam Allardyce
Allardyce made 578 league and cup appearances in a 21-year career spent mostly in the Football League, as well as brief spells in the North American Soccer League and League of Ireland. He was signed by Bolton Wanderers from Dudley Town in 1969 and spent nine years at Bolton, helping the club to win the Second Division title in 1977–78. He spent the 1980s as a journeyman player, spending time with Sunderland, Millwall, Tampa Bay Rowdies, Coventry City, Huddersfield Town, Bolton Wanderers (for a second spell), Preston North End, and West Bromwich Albion (also working as assistant manager). During this time he helped Preston to win promotion out of the Fourth Division in 1986–87.

Question: When was English football manager, who managed West Ham United from May 2011 to May 2015, known as "Big Sam" born?
Answer: born 19 October 1954
Age of Enlightenment
The debating societies discussed an extremely wide range of topics. Before the Enlightenment, most intellectual debates revolved around "confessional" – that is, Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed (Calvinist) or Anglican issues and the main aim of these debates was to establish which bloc of faith ought to have the "monopoly of truth and a God-given title to authority". After this date, everything thus previously rooted in tradition was questioned and often replaced by new concepts in the light of philosophical reason. After the second half of the 17th century and during the 18th century, a "general process of rationalization and secularization set in" and confessional disputes were reduced to a secondary status in favor of the "escalating contest between faith and incredulity".

Question: The aim of confessional debates was to establish which bloc of faith should have what?
Answer: the "monopoly of truth and a God-given title to authority"
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau ( ] ), is a country in West Africa that covers 36125 km2 with an estimated population of . It borders Senegal to the north and Guinea to the south-east.
Trichaeta parva
Trichaeta parva is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1910 and is found in Guinea-Bissau.

Question: What is the area of the country where Trichaeta parva is found?
Answer: 36125 km2
Violet (musical)
Violet is a musical with music by Jeanine Tesori and libretto by Brian Crawley based on the short story "The Ugliest Pilgrim" by Doris Betts. It tells the story of a young disfigured woman who embarks on a journey by bus from her farm in Spruce Pine, North Carolina, all the way to Tulsa, Oklahoma in order to be healed. The musical premiered Off-Broadway in 1997 and won the Drama Critics' Circle Award and Lucille Lortel Award as Best Musical.
Leigh Silverman
Leigh Silverman is an American director for the stage, both Off-Broadway and on Broadway. She was nominated for the 2014 Tony Award, Best Direction of a Musical for the musical "Violet" and the 2008 Drama Desk Award, Outstanding Director of a Play for the play "From Up Here".

Question: Leigh Silverman was nominated for the 2014 Tony Award, Best Direction for a musical based on which short story ?
Answer: The Ugliest Pilgrim
Kathmandu
Eventually, the Licchavi ruler Gunakamadeva merged Koligram and Dakshin Koligram, founding the city of Kathmandu. The city was designed in the shape of "Chandrahrasa", the sword of Manjushri. The city was surrounded by eight barracks guarded by Ajimas. One of these barracks is still in use at Bhadrakali (in front of Singha Durbar). The city served as an important transit point in the trade between India and Tibet, leading to tremendous growth in architecture. Descriptions of buildings such as Managriha, Kailaskut Bhawan, and Bhadradiwas Bhawan have been found in the surviving journals of travellers and monks who lived during this era. For example, the famous 7th-century Chinese traveller Xuanzang described Kailaskut Bhawan, the palace of the Licchavi king Amshuverma. The trade route also led to cultural exchange as well. The artistry of the Newar people—the indigenous inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley—became highly sought after during this era, both within the Valley and throughout the greater Himalayas. Newar artists travelled extensively throughout Asia, creating religious art for their neighbours. For example, Araniko led a group of his compatriot artists through Tibet and China. Bhrikuti, the princess of Nepal who married Tibetan monarch Songtsän Gampo, was instrumental in introducing Buddhism to Tibet.

Question: Trade between what two countries typically went through ancient Kathmandu?
Answer: India and Tibet
Immunology
The study of the molecular and cellular components that comprise the immune system, including their function and interaction, is the central science of immunology. The immune system has been divided into a more primitive innate immune system and, in vertebrates, an acquired or adaptive immune system. The latter is further divided into humoral (or antibody) and cell-mediated components.

Question: Vertebrates also have what type of immune system component?
Answer: acquired or adaptive immune system
Sexual orientation
Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/heterosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of sexual orientation. Influences of culture may complicate the process of measuring sexual orientation. The majority of empirical and clinical research on LGBT populations are done with largely white, middle-class, well-educated samples, however there are pockets of research that document various other cultural groups, although these are frequently limited in diversity of gender and sexual orientation of the subjects. Integration of sexual orientation with sociocultural identity may be a challenge for LGBT individuals. Individuals may or may not consider their sexual orientation to define their sexual identity, as they may experience various degrees of fluidity of sexuality, or may simply identify more strongly with another aspect of their identity such as family role. American culture puts a great emphasis on individual attributes, and views the self as unchangeable and constant. In contrast, East Asian cultures put a great emphasis on a person's social role within social hierarchies, and view the self as fluid and malleable. These differing cultural perspectives have many implications on cognition of the self, including perception of sexual orientation.

Question: What social systems can greatly influence someone realization of their sexual preference?
Answer: religion, language and ethnic traditions
Uma Thurman
Uma Karuna Thurman (born April 29, 1970) is an American actress and model. She has performed in a variety of films, from romantic comedies and dramas to science fiction and action films. Following her appearances on the December 1985 and May 1986 covers of British "Vogue", Thurman starred in "Dangerous Liaisons" (1988). She rose to international prominence with her performance as Mia Wallace in Quentin Tarantino's 1994 film "Pulp Fiction", for which she was nominated for the Academy Award, the BAFTA Award, and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress. Often hailed as Tarantino's muse, she reunited with the director to play the main role in "" and "" (2003, 2004), which brought her two additional Golden Globe Award nominations.
Uma Thurman
Established as a leading Hollywood actress, her other notable films include "Henry & June" (1990), "The Truth About Cats & Dogs" (1996), "Batman & Robin" (1997), "Gattaca" (1997), "Les Misérables" (1998), "The Producers" (2005), "My Super Ex-Girlfriend" (2006), Lars von Trier's "Nymphomaniac" (2013) and "The House That Jack Built" (2018). In 2011, Thurman was a member of the jury for the main competition at the 64th Cannes Film Festival, and in 2017, she was named president of the 70th edition's "Un Certain Regard" jury. Thurman made her Broadway debut in "The Parisian Woman" (2017–2018).
The Accidental Husband
The Accidental Husband is a 2008 American romantic comedy film directed by Griffin Dunne and starring Uma Thurman, Jeffrey Dean Morgan, Colin Firth, Isabella Rossellini, and Sam Shepard. The film was written by Mimi Hare, Clare Naylor and Bonnie Sikowitz, and was produced by Jennifer Todd, Jason Blum, and Uma Thurman. It was theatrically released in the United Kingdom in 2008, but was released direct-to-DVD in the United States.

Question: What was the year of birth of the American actress and model who starred in The Accidental Husband?
Answer: 1970
UFC 8
UFC 8: David vs. Goliath was a mixed martial arts (MMA) pay-per-view event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on February 16, 1996, at Ruben Rodriguez Coliseum in Bayamón, Puerto Rico. It is the only UFC event held in Puerto Rico and was later released on home video.
Don Frye
Donald Frye (born November 23, 1965) is an American former mixed martial artist, amateur wrestler, professional wrestler and actor. In MMA he was one of the sport's earliest well-rounded fighters and he had instant success, winning the "UFC 8" and "Ultimate Ultimate 96" tournaments and finishing as runner-up "UFC 10" in his first year of competition. Despite his accomplishments, he retired from MMA in 1997 to pursue a career in professional wrestling with New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and quickly became one of the company's leading heels. After spending four years as one of Japan's top "gaijin" wrestlers, Frye returned to MMA with the Pride Fighting Championships in September 2001, much more muscle-bound and sporting an American patriot persona in response to the September 11 attacks. After developing a reputation for toughness and fighting spirit, mostly due to his legendary bouts with Ken Shamrock and Yoshihiro Takayama during his two-year stint in Pride, Frye departed the promotion to compete in K-1 and Hero's in 2004 but returned for the final Pride event in 2007. Frye was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame in 2016.

Question: What is the name of the sport Don Frye performed in? 
Answer: MMA
Paul Lynde
Paul Edward Lynde ( ; June 13, 1926January 10, 1982) was an American comedian, voice artist, game show panelist and actor. A character actor with a distinctively campy and snarky persona that often poked fun at his barely closeted homosexuality, Lynde was well known for his roles as Uncle Arthur on "Bewitched," the befuddled father Harry MacAfee in "Bye Bye Birdie," and as a regular "center square" panelist on the game show "The Hollywood Squares" from 1968 to 1981. He also voiced animated characters for four Hanna-Barbera productions.
Paul Lynde
Lynde regularly topped audience polls of most-liked TV stars, and was routinely admired and recognized by his peers during his lifetime. Mel Brooks once described Lynde as being capable of getting laughs by reading "a phone book, tornado alert, or seed catalogue." Lynde once said that while he would rather be recognized as a serious actor, "We live in a world that needs laughter, and I've decided if I can make people laugh, I'm making an important contribution."
For Those Who Think Young (film)
For Those Who Think Young is a 1964 beach party film shot in Techniscope, directed by Leslie H. Martinson and featuring James Darren, Pamela Tiffin, Paul Lynde, Tina Louise, Bob Denver, Nancy Sinatra, Robert Middleton, Ellen Burstyn (billed as Ellen McRae), Claudia Martin and Woody Woodbury.

Question: For Those Who Think Young features what American comedian, voice artist, actor and TV personality, born in 1982?
Answer: Paul Lynde
Tibet
Qing dynasty rule in Tibet began with their 1720 expedition to the country when they expelled the invading Dzungars. Amdo came under Qing control in 1724, and eastern Kham was incorporated into neighbouring Chinese provinces in 1728. Meanwhile, the Qing government sent resident commissioners called "Ambans" to Lhasa. In 1750 the Ambans and the majority of the Han Chinese and Manchus living in Lhasa were killed in a riot, and Qing troops arrived quickly and suppressed the rebels in the next year. Like the preceding Yuan dynasty, the Manchus of the Qing dynasty exerted military and administrative control of the region, while granting it a degree of political autonomy. The Qing commander publicly executed a number of supporters of the rebels and, as in 1723 and 1728, made changes in the political structure and drew up a formal organization plan. The Qing now restored the Dalai Lama as ruler, leading the governing council called "Kashag", but elevated the role of "Ambans" to include more direct involvement in Tibetan internal affairs. At the same time the Qing took steps to counterbalance the power of the aristocracy by adding officials recruited from the clergy to key posts.

Question: When did Amdo come under Qing control?
Answer: 1724
New Haven, Connecticut
The Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization and a Fortune 1000 company, is headquartered in New Haven. Two more Fortune 1000 companies are based in Greater New Haven: the electrical equipment producers Hubbell, based in Orange, and Amphenol, based in Wallingford. Eight Courant 100 companies are based in Greater New Haven, with four headquartered in New Haven proper. New Haven-based companies traded on stock exchanges include NewAlliance Bank, the second largest bank in Connecticut and fourth-largest in New England (NYSE: NAL), Higher One Holdings (NYSE: ONE), a financial services firm United Illuminating, the electricity distributor for southern Connecticut (NYSE: UIL), Achillion Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: ACHN ), Alexion Pharmaceuticals (ALXN), and Transpro Inc. (AMEX: TPR). Vion Pharmaceuticals is traded OTC (OTC BB: VIONQ.OB). Other notable companies based in the city include the Peter Paul Candy Manufacturing Company (the candy-making division of the Hershey Company), and the American division of Assa Abloy (one of the world's leading manufacturers of locks). The Southern New England Telephone Company (SNET) began operations in the city as the District Telephone Company of New Haven in 1878; the company remains headquartered in New Haven as a subsidiary of Frontier Communications and provides telephone service for all but two municipalities in Connecticut. SeeClickFix was founded and has been headquartered in the city since 2007.

Question: What Fortune 1000 company, also the largest Catholic service organization in the world, is based in New Haven?
Answer: The Knights of Columbus
Conway's Game of Life
The Game of Life, also known simply as Life, is a cellular automaton devised by the British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970. It is a zero-player game, meaning that its evolution is determined by its initial state, requiring no further input. One interacts with the Game of Life by creating an initial configuration and observing how it evolves. It is Turing complete and can simulate a universal constructor or any other Turing machine.
Life without Death
Life without Death is a cellular automaton, similar to Conway's Game of Life and other Life-like cellular automaton rules. In this cellular automaton, an initial seed pattern grows according to the same rule as in Conway's Game of Life; however, unlike Life, patterns never shrink. The rule was originally considered by , who called it "Inkspot"; it has also been called "Flakes". In contrast to the more complex patterns that exist within Conway's Game of Life, Life without Death commonly features still life patterns, in which no change occurs, and "ladder" patterns, that grow in a straight line.

Question: Who developed an automaton that is similar to "Life without Death"?
Answer: John Horton Conway
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
On August 19, 1989, the Russian Orthodox Parish of Saints Peter and Paul announced it would be switching to the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church. On September 2, 1989, tens of thousands across Ukraine protested a draft election law that reserved special seats for the Communist Party and for other official organizations: 50,000 in Lviv, 40,000 in Kiev, 10,000 in Zhytomyr, 5,000 each in Dniprodzerzhynsk and Chervonohrad, and 2,000 in Kharkiv. From September 8–10, 1989, writer Ivan Drach was elected to head Rukh, the People's Movement of Ukraine, at its founding congress in Kiev. On September 17, between 150,000 and 200,000 people marched in Lviv, demanding the legalization of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. On September 21, 1989, exhumation of a mass grave began in Demianiv Laz, a nature preserve south of Ivano-Frankivsk. On September 28, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Ukraine Volodymyr Shcherbytsky, a holdover from the Brezhnev era, was replaced in this office by Vladimir Ivashko.

Question: Where did the People's Movement hold its founding congress?
Answer: Kiev
Komenda Wars
The Komenda Wars were a series of wars from 1694 until 1700 largely between the Dutch West India Company and the British Royal African Company in the Eguafo Kingdom in the present day state of Ghana, over trade rights. The Dutch were trying to keep the British out of the region to maintain a trade monopoly while the British were attempting to re-establish a fort in the city of Komenda. The fighting included forces of the Dutch West India Company, the Royal African Company, the Eguafo Kingdom, a prince of the kingdom attempting to rise to the throne, the forces of a powerful merchant named John Cabess, other Akan tribes and kingdoms like Twifo and Denkyira. There were four separate periods of warfare, including a civil war in the Eguafo Kingdom, and the wars ended with the British placing Takyi Kuma into power in Eguafo. Because of the rapidly shifting alliances between European and African powers, historian John Thornton has found that "there is no finer example of [the] complicated combination of European rivalry merging with African rivalry than the Komenda Wars."
John Cabess
John Cabess (also written as John Kabes or John Cabes) (c. 1640s-1722) was a prominent African trader in the port city of Komenda, part of the Eguafo Kingdom, in modern-day Ghana. He was a major British ally and was a supplier to the British Royal African Company. As a trader, he became a strong economic and political force in the coastal region in the early 1700s, playing an active role in the Komenda Wars, the rise of the Ashanti Empire, the expansion of British involvement in West Africa, and the beginnings of large-scale Atlantic slave trade. Because of his combined economic and political power, historian Kwame Daaku named Cabess one of the "merchant princes" of the Gold Coast in the 1700s. He died in 1722, but his heirs continued to exert economic power in the port for the remainder of the 18th century.

Question: John Cabess played a role in the wars in which kingdom of Ghana?
Answer: Eguafo Kingdom
Child labour
With such a high percentage of children working, the rising of illiteracy, and the lack of a formal education became a widespread issue for many children who worked to provide for their families. Due to this problematic trend, many parents developed a change of opinion when deciding whether or not to send their children to work. Other factors that lead to the decline of child labour included financial changes in the economy, changes in the development of technology, raised wages, and continuous regulations on factory legislation.

Question: Was illiteracy a factor in changing the minds of parents of child labourers?
Answer: many parents developed a change of opinion
The Mob Rules
"The Mob Rules" is a song by British heavy metal band Black Sabbath from their 1981 album, "Mob Rules". The song was primarily written by Ronnie James Dio and Tony Iommi. The song was also released as the first single from the album.
Mob Rules (album)
Mob Rules is the tenth studio album by English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released in November 1981. It followed 1980's "Heaven and Hell", and it was the second and last Black Sabbath studio album to feature lead vocalist Ronnie James Dio until the 1992 album "Dehumanizer".

Question: What Black Sabbath studio album, who featured lead vocalist Ronnie Jame Dio, also had a single of the same name as the album?
Answer: Mob Rules
Copper
Copper is used in roofing, currency, and for photographic technology known as the daguerreotype. Copper was used in Renaissance sculpture, and was used to construct the Statue of Liberty; copper continues to be used in construction of various types. Copper plating and copper sheathing were widely used to protect the under-water hulls of ships, a technique pioneered by the British Admiralty in the 18th century. The Norddeutsche Affinerie in Hamburg was the first modern electroplating plant, starting its production in 1876. The German scientist Gottfried Osann invented powder metallurgy in 1830 while determining the metal's atomic mass; around then it was discovered that the amount and type of alloying element (e.g., tin) to copper would affect bell tones.

Question: What famous NY city landmark is made from copper?
Answer: Statue of Liberty