qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Botany
Most sexually reproducing organisms are diploid, with paired chromosomes, but doubling of their chromosome number may occur due to errors in cytokinesis. This can occur early in development to produce an autopolyploid or partly autopolyploid organism, or during normal processes of cellular differentiation to produce some cell types that are polyploid (endopolyploidy), or during gamete formation. An allopolyploid plant may result from a hybridisation event between two different species. Both autopolyploid and allopolyploid plants can often reproduce normally, but may be unable to cross-breed successfully with the parent population because there is a mismatch in chromosome numbers. These plants that are reproductively isolated from the parent species but live within the same geographical area, may be sufficiently successful to form a new species. Some otherwise sterile plant polyploids can still reproduce vegetatively or by seed apomixis, forming clonal populations of identical individuals. Durum wheat is a fertile tetraploid allopolyploid, while bread wheat is a fertile hexaploid. The commercial banana is an example of a sterile, seedless triploid hybrid. Common dandelion is a triploid that produces viable seeds by apomictic seed.

Question: What happens to these new plants if they are able to reproduce?
Answer: form a new species
American Idol
The finals were broadcast in prime time from CBS Television City in Los Angeles, in front of a live studio audience. The finals lasted eight weeks in the first season. From the second to ninth and fourteenth seasons, the finals lasted eleven weeks. The tenth and eleventh seasons lasted for twelve weeks, while the twelfth season lasted for ten weeks. In the thirteenth season, the finals lasted thirteen weeks. The finals lasted seven weeks in the fifteenth season, and six weeks in the sixteenth season. Each finalist performs songs based on a weekly theme which may be a musical genre such as Motown, disco, or big band, songs by artists such as Michael Jackson, Elvis Presley or The Beatles, or more general themes such as "Billboard" number-one hits or songs from the contestant's year of birth. Contestants usually worked with a celebrity mentor related to the theme. In the tenth season, Jimmy Iovine was brought in as a mentor for the season. Initially the contestants sang one song each week, but this was increased to two songs from top four or five onwards, then three songs for the top two or three.

Question: Who was a mentor for the contestants in Season 10?
Answer: Jimmy Iovine
USB
These and other differences reflect the differing design goals of the two buses: USB was designed for simplicity and low cost, while FireWire was designed for high performance, particularly in time-sensitive applications such as audio and video. Although similar in theoretical maximum transfer rate, FireWire 400 is faster than USB 2.0 high-bandwidth in real-use, especially in high-bandwidth use such as external hard drives. The newer FireWire 800 standard is twice as fast as FireWire 400 and faster than USB 2.0 high-bandwidth both theoretically and practically. However, FireWire's speed advantages rely on low-level techniques such as direct memory access (DMA), which in turn have created opportunities for security exploits such as the DMA attack.

Question: USB was designed for what?
Answer: simplicity and low cost
Hellenistic period
After Alexander the Great's invasion of the Achaemenid Empire in 330 BC and its disintegration shortly after, the Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdom). The Hellenistic period was characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization which established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. This resulted in the export of Greek culture and language to these new realms, spanning as far as modern-day India. Equally, however, these new kingdoms were influenced by the indigenous cultures, adopting local practices where beneficial, necessary, or convenient. Hellenistic culture thus represents a fusion of the ancient Greek world with that of the Near East, Middle East, Northeast Africa and Southwest Asia. This mixture gave rise to a common Attic-based Greek dialect, known as Koine Greek, which became the "lingua franca" through the Hellenistic world.

Question: Where is the Indo-Greek Kingdom?
Answer: South Asia
Nanjing
Zhu Yousong, however, fared a lot worse than his ancestor Zhu Yuanzhang three centuries earlier. Beset by factional conflicts, his regime could not offer effective resistance to Qing forces, when the Qing army, led by the Manchu prince Dodo approached Jiangnan the next spring. Days after Yangzhou fell to the Manchus in late May 1645, the Hongguang Emperor fled Nanjing, and the imperial Ming Palace was looted by local residents. On June 6, Dodo's troops approached Nanjing, and the commander of the city's garrison, Zhao the Earl of Xincheng, promptly surrendered the city to them. The Manchus soon ordered all male residents of the city to shave their heads in the Manchu queue way. They requisitioned a large section of the city for the bannermen's cantonment, and occupied the former imperial Ming Palace, but otherwise the city was spared the mass murders and destruction that befell Yangzhou.

Question: What did the Manchu's make all the men in the city do?
Answer: shave their heads
Switzerland
In 2006, Switzerland approved 1 billion francs of supportive investment in the poorer Southern and Central European countries in support of cooperation and positive ties to the EU as a whole. A further referendum will be needed to approve 300 million francs to support Romania and Bulgaria and their recent admission. The Swiss have also been under EU and sometimes international pressure to reduce banking secrecy and to raise tax rates to parity with the EU. Preparatory discussions are being opened in four new areas: opening up the electricity market, participation in the European GNSS project Galileo, cooperating with the European centre for disease prevention and recognising certificates of origin for food products.

Question: What have the Swiss been under EU and national pressure to reduce in terms of banking?
Answer: secrecy
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
After gaining the Master Sword, Link is cleansed of the curse that kept him in wolf form. Deep within the Gerudo Desert, Link and Midna search for the Mirror of Twilight, the only known gateway between Hyrule and the Twilight Realm, but discover it is broken. The Sages there explain that Zant tried to destroy it, but merely managed to shatter it into fragments; only the true ruler of the Twili can completely destroy the Mirror of Twilight. They also relate that they once used it to banish Ganondorf, the Gerudo leader who attempted to steal the Triforce, to the Twilight Realm when executing him failed. Link and Midna set out to retrieve the missing shards of the Mirror. Once the mirror has been fully restored, the Sages reveal to Link that Midna is actually the true ruler of the Twili, usurped and cursed into her current form by Zant. Confronting Zant, Link and Midna learn that he forged a pact with Ganondorf, who asked for his assistance in subjugating Hyrule. After Link defeats Zant, Midna recovers the Fused Shadows and destroys Zant after learning only Ganondorf's death can release her from her curse.
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
Returning to Hyrule, Link and Midna find Ganondorf in Hyrule Castle, with a lifeless Zelda suspended above his head. Ganondorf fights Link by possessing Zelda and then transforming into a massive boar-like beast, but Link defeats him and the power Midna received from Zelda is able to resuscitate her. Ganondorf then revives, and Midna teleports Link and Zelda outside the castle so she can hold him off with the Fused Shadows. However, as Hyrule Castle collapses, it is revealed that Ganondorf was victorious, as he appears before them and crushes Midna's helmet. Ganondorf engages Link on horseback; assisted by Zelda and the Light Spirits, Link eventually knocks Ganondorf off his horse and duels him on foot before plunging the Master Sword into his chest. With Ganondorf dead, the Light Spirits revive Midna and restore her to her true form. After bidding farewell to Link and Zelda, Midna returns home and destroys the Mirror of Twilight with a tear. As Hyrule Castle is rebuilt, Link leaves Ordon Village, heading to parts unknown.

Question: Where does Midna take Link after he acquires the Master Sword?
Answer: Mirror of Twilight
Pavel Ruminov
Pavel Yurevich Ruminov ( ; born 25 November 1974) is a Russian film director. He began his career in Vladivostok directing music videos for Russian acts such as Mumiy Troll and Zemfira before relocating to Moscow. He is best known in Russia for the Internet-based hype surrounding his first feature film "Dead Daughters", where he tried to marry horror and arthouse cinema effectively. The film divided critics in Russia, some praised its style and message, others found the structure of the movie to be very strange. He sold the remake rights for "Dead Daughters" to the Hollywood studio Gold Circle Films but no remake has been produced. His second film "Circumstances", a romantic comedy with dark overtones, was released in Russia in September 2009, but failed at the box-office. In 2012 his third movie "Ya Budu Ryadom" won the gran-prix for the best film at 23rd open film festival Kinotavr, the largest national film festival in Russia. Besides professional cinema, Pavel also makes amateur movies of his family and friends which are available on his website at YouTube.
Richard L. Bare
Richard Leland Bare (August 12, 1913 – March 28, 2015) was an American director, producer, and screenwriter of television shows and short films.

Question: Did Richard L. Bare and Pavel Ruminov both direct films?
Answer: yes
Red Herring (magazine)
Red Herring is a media company that publishes an innovation magazine, an online daily technology news service, technology newsletters and hosts events for technology leaders.
Washington Monthly
The Washington Monthly is a bimonthly nonprofit magazine of United States politics and government that is based in Washington, D.C. The magazine is known for its annual ranking of American colleges and universities, which serves as an alternative to the "Forbes" and "U.S. News & World Report" rankings.

Question: Which magazine publishes a ranking of colleges and universities, Red Herring or Washington Monthly?
Answer: Washington Monthly
Eastsideridaz
Eastsideridaz is an album by rapper, Goldie Loc, released in 2007. It also featured guest appearances from his partners of the group The Warzone, MC Eiht and Kam plus other West Coast acts like Kokane and Nate Dogg.
MC Eiht
Aaron Tyler (born May 22, 1971), better known by his stage name MC Eiht (pronounced MC eight), is an American rapper and actor. Many of his songs are based on his life in Compton. His stage name was partly inspired by the numeral in KRS-One's name. He chose Eiht for its links to "hood culture", including Olde English 800 (8 Ball) and .38 caliber firearms. He is the "de facto" leader of West Coast hip hop group Compton's Most Wanted, which also included fellow Compton-based rappers Boom Bam, Tha Chill, DJ Mike T, DJ Slip and Ant Capone. He is also known for his role as A-Wax in the 1993 film "Menace II Society," as well as voicing the character Ryder in the 2004 video game "."

Question: When was the album by Goldie Loc that featured the leader of Compton's Most Wanted released?
Answer: 2007
South of the Border (2009 film)
South of the Border is a 2009 American documentary film directed by Oliver Stone. The documentary premiered at the 2009 Venice Film Festival. Writer for the project Tariq Ali calls the documentary "a political road movie". Stone stated that he hopes the film will help people better understand a leader who is wrongly ridiculed "as a strongman, as a buffoon, as a clown."
(T)error
(T)error (stylized as (T)ERROR) is a 2015 American documentary film directed by Lyric R. Cabral and David Felix Sutcliffe. The film follows undercover FBI informant Saeed "Shariff" Torres as he engages in a sting operation targeting a Muslim man named Khalifah Ali Al-Akili. The film won the Special Jury Award for Breakout First Feature at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival, where it premiered.

Question: Which documentary was released first (T)ERROR or South of the Border?
Answer: South of the Border
Catalan language
Following the French capture of Algeria (1833), that region saw several waves of Catalan-speaking settlers. People from the Spanish Alacant province settled around Oran, whereas Algiers received immigration from Northern Catalonia and Menorca. Their speech was known as "patuet". By 1911, the number of Catalan speakers was around 100,000. After the declaration of independence of Algeria in 1962, almost all the Catalan speakers fled to Northern Catalonia (as "Pieds-Noirs") or Alacant.

Question: When did most Catalan speakers leave northern Catalonia?
Answer: 1962
Napoleon
In the early morning of 10 April, leading elements of the Austrian army crossed the Inn River and invaded Bavaria. The early Austrian attack surprised the French; Napoleon himself was still in Paris when he heard about the invasion. He arrived at Donauwörth on the 17th to find the "Grande Armée" in a dangerous position, with its two wings separated by 75 mi and joined together by a thin cordon of Bavarian troops. Charles pressed the left wing of the French army and hurled his men towards the III Corps of Marshal Davout. In response, Napoleon came up with a plan to cut off the Austrians in the celebrated "Landshut Maneuver". He realigned the axis of his army and marched his soldiers towards the town of Eckmühl. The French scored a convincing win in the resulting Battle of Eckmühl, forcing Charles to withdraw his forces over the Danube and into Bohemia. On 13 May, Vienna fell for the second time in four years, although the war continued since most of the Austrian army had survived the initial engagements in Southern Germany.

Question: What was the name of the conflict where the French defeated Austrian forces and forced them to withdraw to Bohemia?
Answer: Battle of Eckmühl
Jonathan Larson
Jonathan David Larson (February 4, 1960 – January 25, 1996) was an American composer and playwright noted for exploring the social issues of multiculturalism, addiction, and homophobia in his work. Typical examples of his use of these themes are found in his works "Rent" and "Tick, Tick... Boom!" He received three posthumous Tony Awards and a posthumous Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the rock musical "Rent".
Tick, Tick... Boom!
Tick, Tick... Boom! (styled as tick, tick... BOOM!) is a musical written by American composer Jonathan Larson, who won a Pulitzer and three Tony Awards for his musical "Rent". "Tick, Tick... Boom!" tells the story of an aspiring composer named Jon, who lives in New York City in 1990. Jon is worried he has made the wrong career choice to be part of the performing arts. The story is autobiographical, as stated by Larson's father in the liner notes of the cast recording – Larson had been trying to establish himself in theater since the early 1980s.

Question: What musical featured the song "Tick, Tick... Boom!" by a 3 time Tony winner?
Answer: Rent
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belarusians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white national flag used by the government-in-exile filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones.

Question: When did the Chernobyl disaster happen?
Answer: 1986
Antarctica
On 6 September 2007 Belgian-based International Polar Foundation unveiled the Princess Elisabeth station, the world's first zero-emissions polar science station in Antarctica to research climate change. Costing $16.3 million, the prefabricated station, which is part of the International Polar Year, was shipped to the South Pole from Belgium by the end of 2008 to monitor the health of the polar regions. Belgian polar explorer Alain Hubert stated: "This base will be the first of its kind to produce zero emissions, making it a unique model of how energy should be used in the Antarctic." Johan Berte is the leader of the station design team and manager of the project which conducts research in climatology, glaciology and microbiology.

Question: What unique characteristic does the Princess Elizabeth station feature?
Answer: zero-emissions
Railway electrification system
The key advantage of the four-rail system is that neither running rail carries any current. This scheme was introduced because of the problems of return currents, intended to be carried by the earthed (grounded) running rail, flowing through the iron tunnel linings instead. This can cause electrolytic damage and even arcing if the tunnel segments are not electrically bonded together. The problem was exacerbated because the return current also had a tendency to flow through nearby iron pipes forming the water and gas mains. Some of these, particularly Victorian mains that predated London's underground railways, were not constructed to carry currents and had no adequate electrical bonding between pipe segments. The four-rail system solves the problem. Although the supply has an artificially created earth point, this connection is derived by using resistors which ensures that stray earth currents are kept to manageable levels. Power-only rails can be mounted on strongly insulating ceramic chairs to minimise current leak, but this is not possible for running rails which have to be seated on stronger metal chairs to carry the weight of trains. However, elastomeric rubber pads placed between the rails and chairs can now solve part of the problem by insulating the running rails from the current return should there be a leakage through the running rails.

Question: How are stray earth currents kept to a manageable levels? 
Answer: by using resistors
Montana-class battleship
The "Montana"-class battleships were planned as successors of the "Iowa" class for the United States Navy, to be slower but larger, better armored, and with superior firepower. Five were approved for construction during World War II, but changes in wartime building priorities resulted in their cancellation in favor of continuing production of "Essex"-class aircraft carrier s and "Iowa"-class battleships before any "Montana"-class keels were laid.
USS Kentucky (BB-66)
USS "Kentucky" (BB-66) was an uncompleted battleship originally intended to be the second ship of the "Montana" class . However, the urgent need for more warships at the outbreak of World War II and the U.S. Navy's experiences in the Pacific theater led it to conclude that rather than battleships larger and more heavily armed than the "Iowa" class , it quickly needed more fast battleships of that class to escort the new "Essex"-class aircraft carrier s being built. As a result, hulls BB-65 and BB-66 were reordered and laid down as "Iowa"-class battleships in 1942.
USS Kentucky (BB-66)
As such, she was intended to be the sixth and final member of the "Iowa"-class constructed. At the time of her construction she was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named in honor of the U.S. state of Kentucky. Like her sister ship , laid down as one of the last pair of "Iowa"-class ahead of her, "Kentucky" was still under construction at the end of hostilities and became caught up in the post-war draw-down of the armed services. Her construction was suspended twice, during which times she served as a parts hulk. In the 1950s, several proposals were made to complete the ship as a guided missile battleship, abandoned primarily due to cost concerns and the rampant pace of evolving missile technology. "Kentucky" ultimately was sold for scrap in 1958.

Question: Which U.S. Navy battleship was to be the second in its class but had its construction cancelled before the keel was laid?
Answer: USS "Kentucky"
Capacitor
Capacitors are connected in parallel with the power circuits of most electronic devices and larger systems (such as factories) to shunt away and conceal current fluctuations from the primary power source to provide a "clean" power supply for signal or control circuits. Audio equipment, for example, uses several capacitors in this way, to shunt away power line hum before it gets into the signal circuitry. The capacitors act as a local reserve for the DC power source, and bypass AC currents from the power supply. This is used in car audio applications, when a stiffening capacitor compensates for the inductance and resistance of the leads to the lead-acid car battery.

Question: What do parallel capacitors do to fluctuating current in order to deliver "clean" power for control circuits?
Answer: conceal current fluctuations
Treasure Island (1950 film)
Treasure Island is a 1950 live action adventure film produced by Walt Disney Productions, adapted from Robert Louis Stevenson's 1883 novel. Directed by Byron Haskin, it stars Bobby Driscoll as Jim Hawkins and Robert Newton as Long John Silver. "Treasure Island" is notable for being Disney's first completely live-action film and the first screen version of "Treasure Island" made in color. It was filmed in England on location and at Denham Film Studios, Buckinghamshire.
The Living Desert
The Living Desert is a 1953 American nature documentary film that shows the everyday lives of the animals of the desert of the Southwestern United States. The film was written by James Algar, Winston Hibler, Jack Moffitt (uncredited) and Ted Sears. It was directed by Algar, with Hibler as the narrator and was filmed in Tucson, Arizona. The film won the 1953 Oscar for Best Documentary.

Question: Which film was released first, Treasure Island or The Living Desert?
Answer: Treasure Island
The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney ( ), is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios complex in Burbank, California.
The Walt Disney Company
Disney was originally founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt and Roy O. Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio; it also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and Walt Disney Productions before officially changing its name to The Walt Disney Company in 1986. The company established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production, television, and theme parks.
Disney Dollars
Disney Dollars are a form of corporate scrip sold by The Walt Disney Company and redeemable for goods or services at many Disney facilities.

Question: What is the nationality of the company that sells Disney Dollars ?
Answer: American
Genesis Awards
The Genesis Awards are awarded annually by the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) to individuals in the major news and entertainment media for producing outstanding works which raise public awareness of animal issues. Presented by the HSUS Hollywood Outreach program, the awards show takes place every March in California. The awards have honored such well-known personalities as Michael Jackson, Aaron Sorkin, Anderson Cooper, Peter Gabriel, Ellen DeGeneres, Jane Goodall, David E. Kelley, Paul McCartney, Arthur Miller, Stephen Colbert, Oprah Winfrey, Prince, Jacques Cousteau and Ian Somerhalder, as well as journalists, film and documentary writers and producers, print and broadcast news outlets in the United States.
Ian Somerhalder
Ian Joseph Somerhalder (born December 8, 1978) is an American actor, model, activist and director. He is known for playing Boone Carlyle in the TV drama "Lost", Damon Salvatore in The CW's supernatural drama "The Vampire Diaries" and Dr. Luther Swann in Netflix's sci-fi horror series "V Wars".

Question: What is the birthdate of this American actor, model, and director, who played on "Lost" and was honored with a Genesis Award?
Answer: December 8, 1978
Jean M. Auel
Jean Marie Auel ( ; ; born February 18, 1936) is an American writer who wrote the "Earth's Children" books, a series of novels set in prehistoric Europe that explores human activities during this time, and touches on the interactions of Cro-Magnon people with Neanderthals. Her books have sold more than 45 million copies worldwide.
William Henry Hudson
William Henry Hudson (4 August 1841 – 18 August 1922) was an author, naturalist, and ornithologist.

Question: Are Jean M. Auel and William Henry Hudson both writers?
Answer: yes
Dwight D. Eisenhower
The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the "Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways" in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn system in Germany. Commemorative signs reading "Eisenhower Interstate System" and bearing Eisenhower's permanent 5-star rank insignia were introduced in 1993 and now are displayed throughout the Interstate System. Several highways are also named for him, including the Eisenhower Expressway (Interstate 290) near Chicago. the Eisenhower Tunnel on Interstate 70 west of Denver, and Interstate 80 in California.

Question: What is another name for Eisenhower Expressway?
Answer: Interstate 290
Emotion
An example of this theory in action would be as follows: An emotion-evoking stimulus (snake) triggers a pattern of physiological response (increased heart rate, faster breathing, etc.), which is interpreted as a particular emotion (fear). This theory is supported by experiments in which by manipulating the bodily state induces a desired emotional state. Some people may believe that emotions give rise to emotion-specific actions, for example, "I'm crying because I'm sad," or "I ran away because I was scared." The issue with the James–Lange theory is that of causation (bodily states causing emotions and being "a priori"), not that of the bodily influences on emotional experience (which can be argued and is still quite prevalent today in biofeedback studies and embodiment theory).

Question: In the James-Lange theory, what causes emotions?
Answer: bodily states
FC Barcelona
Around this time, tensions began to arise between what was perceived as president Núñez's dictatorial rule and the nationalistic support group, Boixos Nois. The group, identified with a left-wing separatism, repeatedly demanded the resignation of Núñez and openly defied him through chants and banners at matches. At the same time, Barcelona experienced an eruption in skinheads, who often identified with a right-wing separatism. The skinheads slowly transferred the Boixos Nois' ideology from liberalism to fascism, which caused division within the group and a sudden support for Núñez's presidency. Inspired by British hooligans, the remaining Boixos Nois became violent, causing havoc leading to large-scale arrests.

Question:  To what did Boixos Nois idetify themselves as belonging?
Answer: left-wing separatism
Sage Stallone
Sage Moonblood Stallone (May 5, 1976 – July 13, 2012) was an American actor, film director, producer, and distributor. He was the elder son of Sylvester Stallone.
Grindhouse Releasing
Grindhouse Releasing is a Hollywood-based independent cult film distribution company led by film editor Bob Murawski and co-founded by Sage Stallone. Grindhouse digitally remasters, restores, and produces bonus materials and video documentaries for cult film DVDs and Blu-rays which it distributes on the CAV label.

Question: Who was the elder son of Sylvester Stallone that also helped co find Grindhouse Releasing?
Answer: Sage Stallone
Pacific War
In August 1943 the Allies formed a new South East Asia Command (SEAC) to take over strategic responsibilities for Burma and India from the British India Command, under Wavell. In October 1943 Winston Churchill appointed Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten as its Supreme Commander. The British and Indian Fourteenth Army was formed to face the Japanese in Burma. Under Lieutenant General William Slim, its training, morale and health greatly improved. The American General Joseph Stilwell, who also was deputy commander to Mountbatten and commanded US forces in the China Burma India Theater, directed aid to China and prepared to construct the Ledo Road to link India and China by land. In 1943, the Thai Phayap Army invasion headed to Xishuangbanna at China, but were driven back by the Chinese Expeditionary Force.

Question: Who was appointed Supreme Commander of the SEAC in October, 1943?
Answer: Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten
Samuel Ramey
Samuel Edward Ramey (born March 28, 1942) is an American operatic bass.
Ronald Naldi
Ronald Naldi is an American lyric tenor who has sung on the stages of the Metropolitan Opera, Lyric Opera of Chicago, Arena di Verona, Salzburger Landestheater, L'Opéra Français, and New Jersey State Opera, under the baton of maestri James Levine, Valery Gergiev, James Conlon, David Robertson, Leonard Slatkin, Joseph Colaneri, Charles Mackerras, Christopher Keene, Alfredo Silipigni, Lukas Foss, Nello Santi, Vincent LaSelva, Thomas Booth, and Eduardo Müller, and alongside singers Plácido Domingo, Luciano Pavarotti, Leo Nucci, James Morris, Samuel Ramey, and Renee Fleming, among many.

Question: What nationality are the opera singers Ronald Naldi and Samuel Ramey?
Answer: American
List of numbered streets in Manhattan
27th Street is a one-way street that runs from Second Avenue to the West Side Highway with an interruption between Eighth Avenue and Tenth Avenue. It is most noted for its strip between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues, known as Club Row because it features numerous nightclubs and lounges.

Question: Which strip is known for its numerous nightclubs and lounges?
Answer: Club Row
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein ( ; ] ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein ( ), is a German-speaking microstate situated in the Alps and in the southwest of Central Europe. The principality is a semi-constitutional monarchy headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein; the Prince's extensive powers are equivalent to those of a President in a semi-presidential system.
Tachina lurida
Tachina lurida is a species of fly in the genus "Tachina" of the family Tachinidae that can be found everywhere in Europe, except for Albania, Belarus, Estonia, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, San Marino, Scandinavia, Slovenia, Vatican City, and various European islands.

Question: Which country is double landlocked and has no tachina lurida? 
Answer: Liechtenstein
Friedrich Hayek
In 1977, Hayek was critical of the Lib–Lab pact in which the British Liberal Party agreed to keep the British Labour government in office. Writing to "The Times", Hayek said: "May one who has devoted a large part of his life to the study of the history and the principles of liberalism point out that a party that keeps a socialist government in power has lost all title to the name 'Liberal'. Certainly no liberal can in future vote 'Liberal'". Hayek was criticised by Liberal politicians Gladwyn Jebb and Andrew Phillips, who both claimed that the purpose of the pact was to discourage socialist legislation.

Question: What did some Liberal politicians claim the pact was meant to do?
Answer: discourage socialist legislation
Premier League
In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players, in 1999, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union. A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

Question: In which year did the Home Office tighten rules on granting work permits to foreign football players?
Answer: 1999
Alps
Radiocarbon-dated charcoal placed around 50,000 years ago was found in the "Drachloch" (Dragon's Hole) cave above the village of Vattis in the canton of St. Gallen, proving that the high peaks were visited by prehistoric people. Seven bear skulls from the cave may have been buried by the same prehistoric people. The peaks, however, were mostly ignored except for a few notable examples, and long left to the exclusive attention of the people of the adjoining valleys. The mountain peaks were seen as terrifying, the abode of dragons and demons, to the point that people blindfolded themselves to cross the Alpine passes. The glaciers remained a mystery and many still believed the highest areas to be inhabited by dragons.

Question: People blindfolded themselves to cross what?
Answer: Alpine passes
Philadelphia
Philadelphia had 525 murders in 1990, a rate of 31.5 per 100,000. An average of about 600 murders occurred each year for most of the 1990s. The murder count dropped in 2002 to 288, then rose to 406 by 2006, before dropping slightly to 392 in 2007. A few years later, Philadelphia began to see a rapid decline in homicides and violent crime. In 2013, the city had 246 murders, which is a decrease of nearly 40% since 2006. In 2014, 248 homicides were committed. The homicide rate rose to 280 in 2015, then fell slightly to 277 in 2016, before rising again to 317 in 2017.

Question: What was the average murder rate during the 90's?
Answer: 600
Before Stonewall
Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community is a 1984 American documentary film about the LGBT community prior to the 1969 Stonewall riots. It was narrated by author Rita Mae Brown, directed by Greta Schiller, co-directed by Robert Rosenberg, and co-produced by John Scagliotti and Rosenberg, and Schiller. It premiered at the 1984 Toronto Festival of Festivals and was released in the United States on June 27, 1985. In 1999, producer Scagliotti directed a companion piece, "After Stonewall". To celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Teddy Awards, the film was shown at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival in February 2016. To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall riots in 2019, the film was restored and re-released by First Run Features in June 2019. Later in 2019, the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Freakonomics (film)
Freakonomics: The Movie is a 2010 American documentary film based on the 2005 book "Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything" by economist Steven D. Levitt and writer Stephen J. Dubner. The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in April 2010 with a theatrical release later in the year. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 66% based on reviews from 64 critics.

Question: Are Before Stonewall and Freakonomics both documentaries?
Answer: yes
General Electric
GE has said that it will invest $1.4 billion in clean technology research and development in 2008 as part of its Ecomagination initiative. As of October 2008, the scheme had resulted in 70 green products being brought to market, ranging from halogen lamps to biogas engines. In 2007, GE raised the annual revenue target for its Ecomagination initiative from $20 billion in 2010 to $25 billion following positive market response to its new product lines. In 2010, GE continued to raise its investment by adding $10 billion into Ecomagination over the next five years.

Question: What type of engine did GE bring to market as part of its Ecoimagination project?
Answer: biogas
Bob Dole
Robert Joseph Dole (born July 22, 1923) is an American retired politician, statesman, and attorney who represented Kansas in the U.S House of Representatives from 1961 to 1969 and in the U.S. Senate from 1969 to 1996, serving as the Republican Leader of the United States Senate from 1985 until 1996. He was the Republican presidential nominee in the 1996 election and the party's vice presidential nominee in the 1976 election.
Kelly D. Johnston
Kelly D. Johnston (born August 27, 1956) is a former Secretary of the United States Senate. He served as the 28th Secretary of the Senate and was nominated by Bob Dole, who was Senate Majority Leader at the time. He was the first Secretary of the Senate from Oklahoma and the second youngest ever chosen.

Question: When considering Kelly D.Johnston and Bod Dole, which state was represented in the United States senate first - Oklahoma or Kansas?
Answer: Kansas
Prime minister
Walpole always denied that he was "prime minister", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution. George II and George III made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the increasing complexity and expense of government meant that a minister who could command the loyalty of the Commons was increasingly necessary. The long tenure of the wartime prime minister William Pitt the Younger (1783–1801), combined with the mental illness of George III, consolidated the power of the post. The title was first referred to on government documents during the administration of Benjamin Disraeli but did not appear in the formal British Order of precedence until 1905.

Question: Aside from Walpole, who else denied that there was no such thing as the prime minister?
Answer: parliamentarians and legal scholars
Lost (TV series)
Lost is an American drama television series that originally aired on ABC from September 22, 2004, to May 23, 2010, over six seasons, comprising a total of 121 episodes. The show contains elements of supernatural and science fiction, and follows the survivors of a commercial jet airliner flying between Sydney and Los Angeles, after the plane crashes on a mysterious island somewhere in the South Pacific Ocean. The story is told in a heavily serialized manner. Episodes typically feature a primary storyline set on the island, augmented by flashback or flashforward sequences which provide additional insight into the involved characters.
Warren Huart
Warren Huart is an English record producer, musician, composer and recording engineer based in Los Angeles, California who is most associated as a music producer and/or engineer in the recording industry as a multi-platinum producer for The Fray, Daniel Powter, Marc Broussard, Trevor Hall (singer), Korn, Better Than Ezra, James Blunt, Matisyahu, Ace Frehley, Aerosmith and Howie Day. His works are also included in Film and Television most notably for Inglourious Basterds, , MTV’s The Hills (TV series), Lost (TV series), Scrubs (TV series), and Grey’s Anatomy. Warren Huart is the owner of Spitfire Studio in Los Angeles, California as well as a DIY YouTube Channel called "Produce Like a Pro" with over 400,000 subscribers worldwide.

Question: What network did the America drama television series, which the owner of Spitfire Studio was involved in, air on?
Answer: ABC
Choi Min-ho
Choi Min-ho (Korean:  ; born December 9, 1991), better known by the mononym Minho, is a South Korean singer, actor, songwriter and rapper . He debuted as a member of South Korean boy group Shinee in May 2008 who later went on to become one of the best-selling artists in Korea. Aside from group activities as singer, he has debuted as an actor in November 2010 in a KBS2's drama special, entitled "Pianist". He has since had roles in various television dramas such as SBS' sitcom, "Salamander Guru and The Shadows" (2012), "To the Beautiful You" (2012), "Medical Top Team" (2013), "My First Time" (2015) and "" (2016). He made his feature film debut in 2016 with "Canola".
Derailed (2016 film)
Derailed (), also known as No Way to Go, is a 2016 South Korean action crime film starring Ma Dong-seok and Choi Min-ho. The film was displayed at the 21st Busan International Film Festival in the "Korean Cinema Today – Panorama" section. The film was released in the cinemas in South Korea on November 30, 2016.

Question: Derailed starred a South Korean singer who debuted as a member of the South Korean boy group Shinee in what year?
Answer: 2008
William R. Vance
William R. Vance (1806–1885) was the seventh mayor of Louisville, Kentucky from 1847 to 1850. He was a Louisville attorney and member of the Whig Party elected to the state house of representatives three times and senate once during the 1830s and 1840s. During his administration, he conveyed the tract of land that became Cave Hill Cemetery.
Cave Hill Cemetery
Cave Hill Cemetery is a 296 acre Victorian era National Cemetery and arboretum located at 701 Baxter Avenue, Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Its main entrance is on Baxter Avenue and there is a secondary one on Grinstead Drive. It is the largest cemetery by area and number of burials in Louisville.

Question: William R. Vance, was the seventh mayor of Louisville, Kentucky from 1847 to 1850, during his administration, he conveyed the tract of land that became Cave Hill Cemetery, a Victorian era National Cemetery and arboretum located at 701 Baxter Avenue, Louisville, in which U.S. state?
Answer: Kentucky
Rodion Shchedrin
Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin ( , ] ; born 16 December 1932) is a Soviet and Russian composer and pianist, winner of USSR State Prize (1972), the Lenin Prize (1984), and the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1992), and is a former member of the Inter-regional Deputies Group (1989–1991). He is also a citizen of Lithuania and Spain.
Rodion Shchedrin
Shchedrin was born in Moscow into a musical family—his father was a composer and teacher of music theory. He studied at the Moscow Choral School and Moscow Conservatory (graduating in 1955) under Yuri Shaporin (composition) and Yakov Flier (piano). He was married to the well-known ballerina Maya Plisetskaya from 1958 until her death in 2015.
Not Love Alone
Not Love Alone (also translated "Not for Love Alone" or "Not Only Love"; Russian: Не только любовь ; Ne tol'ko lyubov') is the first opera of Rodion Shchedrin, written 1961, revised in 1971.

Question: Not Love Alone is the first opera by a Russian compser and winner of what prize?
Answer: Lenin Prize
Julia Stiles
Julia O'Hara Stiles (born March 28, 1981) is an American actress. Born and raised in New York City, Stiles began acting at age 12. Her first film role was in "I" "Love You, I Love You Not" (1996), followed by a leading role in the thriller "Wicked" (1998), for which she was awarded the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival Award for Best Actress. She went on to gain prominence for her lead roles in teen films such as "10 Things I Hate About You" (1999) for which she won MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance and was nominated for two Teen Choice Awards, "Down to You" (2000), for which she was nominated for another two Teen Choice Awards, and "Save the Last Dance" (2001), winning the Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress and was nominated for the MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance.
10 Things I Hate About You
10 Things I Hate About You is a 1999 American romantic comedy film directed by Gil Junger and starring Julia Stiles, Heath Ledger, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, and Larisa Oleynik. The screenplay, written by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith, is a modernization of William Shakespeare's late-16th-century comedy "The Taming of the Shrew", retold in a late-1990s American high school setting. In the story, new student Cameron (Gordon-Levitt) is smitten with Bianca (Oleynik) and, in order to get around her father's strict rules on dating, attempts to get bad boy Patrick (Ledger) to date Bianca's ill-tempered sister, Kat (Stiles). The film is titled after a poem written by Kat about her bittersweet romance with Patrick. Much of the filming took place in the Seattle metropolitan area, with many scenes shot at Stadium High School in Tacoma.

Question: Who directed Julia Stiles in the role that won the  MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance?
Answer: Gil Junger
Hellenistic period
The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptolemy II, and Philip V but were also often ruled by their own kings. The Thracians and Agrianes were widely used by Alexander as peltasts and light cavalry, forming about one fifth of his army. The Diadochi also used Thracian mercenaries in their armies and they were also used as colonists. The Odrysians used Greek as the language of administration and of the nobility. The nobility also adopted Greek fashions in dress, ornament and military equipment, spreading it to the other tribes. Thracian kings were among the first to be Hellenized.

Question: What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes?
Answer: one fifth
Granite County, Montana
Granite County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 3,079. Its county seat is Philipsburg. The county was founded in 1893, and was named for a mountain which contains the Granite Mountain silver mine.
Nimrod, Montana
Nimrod is a ghost town in Granite County, Montana. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.

Question: According to the 2010 census, what was the population of the county in which Nimrod, Montana is located?
Answer: 3,079
Candy Flip
Candy Flip were a British electronic music duo associated with the Stoke on Trent music scene in the early 1990s. They are best remembered for their cover version of The Beatles hit "Strawberry Fields Forever", which was a No. 3 hit in the UK Singles Chart.
Strawberry Fields Forever
"Strawberry Fields Forever" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon–McCartney. It was released on 13 February 1967 as a double A-side single with "Penny Lane". It represented a departure from the group's previous singles and a novel listening experience for the contemporary pop audience. While the song initially divided and confused music critics and the group's fans, it proved highly influential on the emerging psychedelic genre. Its accompanying promotional film is similarly recognised as a pioneering work in the medium of music video. 
Strawberry Fields Forever
Lennon based the song on his childhood memories of playing in the garden of Strawberry Field, a Salvation Army children's home in Liverpool. Starting in November 1966, the band spent 45 hours in the studio, spread over five weeks, creating three versions of the track. The final recording combined two of those versions, which were entirely different in tempo, mood and musical key. It features reverse-recorded instrumentation, Mellotron flute sounds, an Indian swarmandal, tape loops and a fade-out/fade-in coda, as well as a cello and brass arrangement by producer George Martin. For the promotional film, the band used experimental techniques such as reverse effects, stop motion animation, jump-cuts and superimposition.

Question: Who wrote the song that Candy Flip covered which was a #3 hit in the UK Singles Chart?
Answer: John Lennon
Adult contemporary music
In North American music, adult contemporary music (AC) is a form of radio-played popular music, ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the present day, with varying degrees of easy listening, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, quiet storm, and rock influence. Adult contemporary is generally a continuation of the easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s with some adjustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music.

Question: Along with pop, soul, rhythm and blues, quiet storm, and rock, what musical style influenced adult contemporary?
Answer: easy listening