qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Sidney Franklin (director)
Sidney Arnold Franklin (March 21, 1893 – May 18, 1972) was an American film director and producer. Franklin, like William C. deMille, specialized in adapting literary works or Broadway stage plays.
Sidney Franklin (director)
His brother Chester Franklin (1889–1954) also became a director during the silent film era best known for directing the early Technicolor film "The Toll of the Sea".
John McKay (director)
John McKay is a Scottish film and television director. His initial career was as a playwright, before he began his film career by directing the short films "Doom and Gloom" (1996) and "Wet and Dry" (1997).

Question: Who started earlier, Sidney Franklin or John McKay?
Answer: Sidney Arnold Franklin
Bird
Most birds scoop water in their beaks and raise their head to let water run down the throat. Some species, especially of arid zones, belonging to the pigeon, finch, mousebird, button-quail and bustard families are capable of sucking up water without the need to tilt back their heads. Some desert birds depend on water sources and sandgrouse are particularly well known for their daily congregations at waterholes. Nesting sandgrouse and many plovers carry water to their young by wetting their belly feathers. Some birds carry water for chicks at the nest in their crop or regurgitate it along with food. The pigeon family, flamingos and penguins have adaptations to produce a nutritive fluid called crop milk that they provide to their chicks.

Question: How do nesting sandgrouse carry water to their young?
Answer: wetting their belly feathers
Luka Modrić
Luka Modrić (] ; born 9 September 1985) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Spanish club Real Madrid and captains the Croatia national team. He plays mainly as a central midfielder, but can also play as an attacking midfielder or as a defensive midfielder, usually deployed as a deep-lying playmaker. He is widely regarded as one of the best midfielders of his generation, and the greatest Croatian footballer of all-time.
GNK Dinamo Zagreb Academy
GNK Dinamo Zagreb Academy (also known as Hitrec-Kacian) are the youth team of Dinamo Zagreb. The academy was founded on 27 December 1967. There are a total of ten age categories within the meow, the oldest being the Junior Team (under-19) and youngest being the Zagići II Team (under-8). They have produced many of the Croatia national team stars including Luka Modrić, Vedran Ćorluka, Eduardo, Robert Prosinečki and Zvonimir Boban.

Question: Which player produced from the GNK Dinamo Zagreb Academy now plays for Real Madrid ?
Answer: Luka Modrić
Protestantism
A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they believed to be miraculous moves of God there. These Pentecost-like manifestations have steadily been in evidence throughout the history, such as seen in the two Great Awakenings. Pentecostalism, which in turn birthed the Charismatic movement within already established denominations, continues to be an important force in Western Christianity.

Question: What movement did Pentecostalism create?
Answer: the Charismatic movement
Motown
Motown Records is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded by Berry Gordy Jr. as Tamla Records on January 12, 1959, and incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14, 1960. Its name, a blend of "motor" and "town", has become a nickname for Detroit, where the label was originally headquartered.
Motown
Motown played an important role in the racial integration of popular music as an African American-owned label that achieved crossover success. In the 1960s, Motown and its subsidiary labels (including Tamla Motown, the brand used outside the US) were the most successful proponents of the Motown Sound, a style of soul music with a mainstream pop appeal. Motown was the most successful soul music label, with a net worth of $61 million. During the 1960s, Motown achieved 79 records in the top-ten of the "Billboard" Hot 100 between 1960 and 1969.
I'll Make Love to You
"I'll Make Love to You" is a 1994 number-one hit single by R&B group Boyz II Men for the Motown label. The song, which was written by Babyface, was the lead single from their second album "II".

Question: "I'll Make Love to You" is a 1994 number-one hit single by R&B group Boyz II Men for the label of which American record company, founded by Berry Gordy Jr. as Tamla Records on January 12, 1959, and was later incorporated as Motown Record Corporation?
Answer: Motown
Alexander Graham Bell
On January 13, 1887, the U.S. Government moved to annul the patent issued to Bell on the grounds of fraud and misrepresentation. After a series of decisions and reversals, the Bell company won a decision in the Supreme Court, though a couple of the original claims from the lower court cases were left undecided. By the time that the trial wound its way through nine years of legal battles, the U.S. prosecuting attorney had died and the two Bell patents (No. 174,465 dated March 7, 1876, and No. 186,787 dated January 30, 1877) were no longer in effect, although the presiding judges agreed to continue the proceedings due to the case's importance as a precedent. With a change in administration and charges of conflict of interest (on both sides) arising from the original trial, the US Attorney General dropped the lawsuit on November 30, 1897, leaving several issues undecided on the merits.

Question: How many years did Bell and the US Government fight in court?
Answer: 9
Dougan
Dougan () is a firm variety of tofu () which is popular in China. It differs from regular tofu in that it is firm whereas tofu is soft.
Tofu
Tofu, also known as bean curd, is a food prepared by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into solid white blocks of varying softness; it can be "silken", "soft", "firm", or "extra firm". Beyond these broad categories, there are many varieties of tofu. It has a subtle flavor, so it can be used in savory and sweet dishes. It is often seasoned or marinated to suit the dish and its flavors, and due to its spongy texture it absorbs flavors well. It is most often treated as a meat substitute. It is a traditional component of East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines, and has been consumed in China for over 2,000 years.

Question: Dougan is a variety of what component of Asian cuisine?
Answer: tofu
Northeast Regional
The Northeast Regional is a regional rail service operated by Amtrak in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. In the past it has been known as the "NortheastDirect", "Acela Regional", or "Regional". It is the busiest Amtrak route, carrying 8,686,930 passengers in fiscal year (FY) 2018, a 1.4% increase over the 8.57 million passengers in FY2017. The "Northeast Regional" service earned over $613.9 million in gross ticket revenue in FY2016, a 0.4% increase over the $611.7 million earned during FY2015.
Lorton station (VRE)
Lorton station is a railroad station located at 8990 Lorton Station Boulevard in Lorton, Virginia. It is served by the Virginia Railway Express Fredericksburg Line. This station is one mile north from Amtrak's Lorton station, the northern terminus of the "Auto Train". Amtrak's "Northeast Regional", "Silver Meteor", "Silver Star", "Palmetto", and "Carolinian" trains share the line but do not stop at either Lorton station.

Question: What is the busiest Amtrak route that does not stop at either Lortorn Station?
Answer: The Northeast Regional
It (2017 film)
It, retroactively known as It Chapter One, is a 2017 American supernatural horror film based on Stephen King's 1986 novel of the same name. Produced by New Line Cinema, KatzSmith Productions, Lin Pictures, Vertigo Entertainment, and distributed by Warner Bros. It is the first film in the "It" film series as well as being the second adaptation following Tommy Lee Wallace's 1990 miniseries. The film tells the story of seven children in Derry, Maine, who are terrorized by the eponymous being, only to face their own personal demons in the process. The film is also known as "It: Part 1 – The Losers' Club". 
It (2017 film)
The film is directed by Andy Muschietti and written by Chase Palmer, Cary Fukunaga and Gary Dauberman. Jaeden Lieberher stars as Bill Denbrough and Bill Skarsgård as Pennywise the Dancing Clown. Jeremy Ray Taylor, Sophia Lillis, Finn Wolfhard, Wyatt Oleff, Chosen Jacobs, Jack Dylan Grazer, Nicholas Hamilton, and Jackson Robert Scott are all featured in supporting roles. Principal photography began in Toronto on June 27, 2016, and ended on September 21, 2016. The locations for "It" included the municipality of Port Hope, Oshawa, Ontario, and Riverdale, Toronto.
Bill Skarsgård
Bill Istvan Günther Skarsgård (] ( ) ; born 9 August 1990) is a Swedish actor. He portrayed Pennywise the Dancing Clown in the supernatural horror films "It" (2017) and "It Chapter Two" (2019), based on Stephen King's novel of the same name, and appeared in the comedy "Simple Simon" (2010), the dystopian thriller "" (2016), the espionage thriller "Atomic Blonde" (2017), and the comedy-horror "Villains" (2019). He also starred in the supernatural horror series "Hemlock Grove" (2013–2015) and the anthology horror series "Castle Rock" (2018–2019).

Question: Who wrote the 1986 novel that the 2017 horror movie is based on that features the actor from Hemlock Grove? 
Answer: Stephen King
Wayne Gretzky
Wayne Douglas Gretzky {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born January 26, 1961) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and former head coach. He played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for four teams from 1979 to 1999. Nicknamed "The Great One", he has been called the greatest hockey player ever by many sportswriters, players, and the NHL itself. Gretzky is the leading scorer in NHL history, with more goals and assists than any other player. He garnered more assists than any other player scored total points, and is the only NHL player to total over 200 points in one season – a feat he accomplished four times. In addition, Gretzky tallied over 100 points in 16 professional seasons, 14 of them consecutive. At the time of his retirement in 1999, he held 61 NHL records: 40 regular season records, 15 playoff records, and 6 All-Star records.
Wayne Gretzky
Born and raised in Brantford, Ontario, Canada, Gretzky honed his skills at a backyard rink and regularly played minor hockey at a level far above his peers. Despite his unimpressive stature, strength and speed, Gretzky's intelligence and reading of the game were unrivaled. He was adept at dodging checks from opposing players, and consistently anticipated where the puck was going to be and executed the right move at the right time. Gretzky became known for setting up behind his opponent's net, an area that was nicknamed "Gretzky's office".
1996–97 New York Rangers season
The 1996–97 New York Rangers season was the Rangers' 71st season. The highlight of the season was that it was Wayne Gretzky's first season in New York.

Question: Who started their career in 1979 and played their first season for the New York Rangers in 1996-1997?
Answer: Wayne Gretzky
Virgil
At Maecenas' insistence (according to the tradition) Virgil spent the ensuing years (perhaps 37–29 BC) on the long didactic hexameter poem called the "Georgics" (from Greek, "On Working the Earth") which he dedicated to Maecenas. The ostensible theme of the "Georgics" is instruction in the methods of running a farm. In handling this theme, Virgil follows in the didactic ("how to") tradition of the Greek poet Hesiod's "Works and Days" and several works of the later Hellenistic poets. The four books of the "Georgics" focus respectively on raising crops and trees (1 and 2), livestock and horses (3), and beekeeping and the qualities of bees (4). Well-known passages include the beloved "Laus Italiae" of Book 2, the prologue description of the temple in Book 3, and the description of the plague at the end of Book 3. Book 4 concludes with a long mythological narrative, in the form of an "epyllion" which describes vividly the discovery of beekeeping by Aristaeus and the story of Orpheus' journey to the underworld. Ancient scholars, such as Servius, conjectured that the Aristaeus episode replaced, at the emperor's request, a long section in praise of Virgil's friend, the poet Gallus, who was disgraced by Augustus, and who committed suicide in 26 BC.

Question: Which of Virgil's poet friends committed suicide in 26 BC?
Answer: Gallus
Somalis
According to mtDNA studies by Holden (2005) and Richards et al. (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup at a rate of over 20%. This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians. M1 is believed to have originated in Asia, where its parent M clade represents the majority of mtDNA lineages. This haplogroup is also thought to possibly correlate with the Afro-Asiatic language family: In addition, Somalis, and other Horn African populations, also carry a significant rate of maternal L lineages associated with sub-Saharan Africa.

Question: On what continent is the M1 haplogroup believed to have originated?
Answer: Asia
When the Levees Broke
When the Levees Broke: A Requiem in Four Acts is a 2006 documentary film directed by Spike Lee about the devastation of New Orleans, Louisiana following the failure of the levees during Hurricane Katrina. It was filmed in late August and early September 2005, and premiered at the New Orleans Arena on August 16, 2006 and was first aired on HBO the following week. The television premiere aired in two parts on August 21 and 22, 2006 on HBO. It has been described by Sheila Nevins, chief of HBO's documentary unit, as "one of the most important films HBO has ever made." The title is a reference to the blues tune "When the Levee Breaks" by Kansas Joe McCoy and Memphis Minnie about the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927.
When the Levee Breaks
"When the Levee Breaks" is a country blues song written and first recorded by Kansas Joe McCoy and Memphis Minnie in 1929. The lyrics reflect experiences during the upheaval caused by the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927.

Question: When the Levees Broke is a 2006 documentary film, whose title is a reference to a song written when?
Answer: 1929
Twiggy Ramirez
Jeordie Osbourne White (born June 20, 1971), once known professionally as Twiggy Ramirez, shortened to just Twiggy since 2008, and sometimes referred to by his real name, is an American musician, mostly known as the former bassist and guitarist of the band Marilyn Manson. Previously, he was the bassist for A Perfect Circle and a touring member of Nine Inch Nails, and is currently the vocalist for Goon Moon. He left Marilyn Manson in 2002, later rejoined the band in 2008, and was dismissed in 2017. He has been a principal songwriter for the band and has also contributed to some of the Desert Sessions recordings. He also hosts the Hour of Goon podcast with fellow musician Fred Sablan, on the Feral Audio network.
Yas Taalat
Yassen Taalat is a Canadian recording artist and song writer born in Sudbury now based in Toronto. He is the co-founder and lead singer of the popular gold selling status band Project Wyze and currently the successful hip hop group Dead Celebrity Status. Yas had been making music and performing since the early age of 13 and toured with hip hop group Public Enemy by the time he was 14 years of age. Yas and band partner Bobby made a name for themselves across North America as gifted lyricists and ferocious battle emcee's. Though born in Canada his parents hail from Morocco. He is Muslim and talks about the pains and struggles of being one in this post 9/11 world on the Dead Celebrity Status track "In This Day and Age" featuring Jeordie White aka Twiggy Ramirez from Marilyn Manson and Bif Naked.

Question: Yas Taalot recorded a song with which former member of A Perfect Circle?
Answer: Twiggy Ramirez
Hated in the Nation
"Hated in the Nation" is the sixth and final episode of the third series of British science fiction anthology series "Black Mirror". Written by series creator and showrunner Charlie Brooker and directed by James Hawes, it premiered on Netflix on 21 October 2016, along with the rest of series three. It is the longest episode in the series at 89 minutes.
Faye Marsay
Faye Elaine Marsay (born 30 December 1986) is an English actress. Her notable roles include Anne Neville in "The White Queen", Amy in "Need for Speed", the recurring character Candice in "Fresh Meat", Steph in the film "Pride", Blue Colson in the "Black Mirror" episode "Hated in the Nation", and the Waif in the fifth and sixth seasons of "Game of Thrones".

Question: Faye Elaine Marsay is an English actress who had a notible role in a series directed by who?
Answer: James Hawes
Bristol, New Hampshire
Bristol is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 3,054 at the 2010 census. It is home to Wellington State Park, Sugar Hill State Forest, and Profile Falls on the Smith River. Surrounded by hills and lakes, Bristol includes the lower two-thirds of Newfound Lake, a resort area.
Bristol Town Hall
Bristol Town Hall, at 45 Summer Street, is the town hall of Bristol, New Hampshire. It is a single story Greek Revival structure, built in 1849, and was the town's first purpose-built town hall. It continues to serve as a municipal meeting and polling place, although town offices are now in a modern building on Lake Street. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

Question: A single story wood frame structure, built in 1848 is located in a town which as of 2010 had a population of what?
Answer: 3,054
Saccharin
Sodium saccharin (benzoic sulfimide) is an artificial sweetener with effectively no food energy. It is about 300–400 times as sweet as sucrose but has a bitter or metallic aftertaste, especially at high concentrations. Saccharin is used to sweeten products such as drinks, candies, cookies, and medicines.
Constantin Fahlberg
Constantin Fahlberg (22 December 1850 in Tambov – 15 August 1910 in Nassau, aged 59) was a Russian chemist who discovered the sweet taste of anhydroorthosulphaminebenzoic acid in 1877–78 when analysing the chemical compounds in coal tar at Johns Hopkins University for Professor Ira Remsen (1846–1927, aged 81). Later Fahlberg gave this chemical "body" the trade name Saccharin.

Question: What chemical "body" did Constantin Fahlberg discover that is used to sweeten drinks, candies, cookies, etc.?
Answer: Saccharin
Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational corporation founded in 1886 that develops medical devices, pharmaceutical, and consumer packaged goods. Its common stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the company is ranked No. 37 on the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. J&J is one of the world's most valuable companies.
Innerstate
Innerstate is a 2007 documentary film on the "inner states" of three adults living with chronic diseases of the immune system: psoriasis, Crohn's disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. The film was produced and directed by Chris Valentino and was funded by Centocor Inc., a biomedicines company. According to the "New York Times", the film is "an unusual form of soft-pedal marketing of a blockbuster drug, Remicade". Remicade (Infliximab) is a medication used to treat autoimmune diseases made by Centocor, a unit of Johnson & Johnson.

Question: Centocor is a unit of a company founded in which year ?
Answer: 1886
Jake Kasdan
Jacob "Jake" Kasdan (born October 28, 1974) is an American film and television director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He is best known for directing "Bad Teacher" (2011), "Sex Tape" (2014), "" (2017) and "" (2019).
Jake Kasdan
Kasdan was born and raised in a secular Jewish family in Detroit, Michigan, the son of Meg (née Goldman), a writer, and writer-director Lawrence Kasdan. His younger brother, Jon Kasdan, also works in the film and television industry as an actor and writer.
Boris Barnet
Boris Vasilyevich Barnet ( ; 18 June 1902 – 8 January 1965) was a Soviet film director, actor and screenwriter of British origin. He directed 27 films between 1927 and 1963.

Question: WHat job do both  Jake Kasdan and Boris Barnet have?
Answer: film director
Obergefell v. Hodges
Obergefell v. Hodges, 576 U.S. 644 (2015) ( ), is a landmark civil rights case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The 5–4 ruling requires all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and the Insular Areas to perform and recognize the marriages of same-sex couples on the same terms and conditions as the marriages of opposite-sex couples, with all the accompanying rights and responsibilities.
Obergefell v. Hodges
Between January 2012 and February 2014, plaintiffs in Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee filed federal district court cases that culminated in "Obergefell v. Hodges". After all district courts ruled for the plaintiffs, the rulings were appealed to the Sixth Circuit. In November 2014, following a lengthy series of appeals court rulings that year from the Fourth, Seventh, Ninth, and Tenth Circuits that state-level bans on same-sex marriage were unconstitutional, the Sixth Circuit ruled that it was bound by "Baker v. Nelson" and found such bans to be constitutional. This created a split between circuits and led to an almost inevitable Supreme Court review.
Baker v. Nelson
Richard John Baker v. Gerald R. Nelson, 291 Minn. 310, 191 N.W.2d 185 (1971), is a case in which the Minnesota Supreme Court decided that construing a marriage statute to limit licenses to persons of the opposite sex "does not offend" the U.S. Constitution. Baker appealed the decision, and on October 10, 1972, the United States Supreme Court dismissed the appeal "for want of a substantial federal question". Because the case came to the U.S. Supreme Court through mandatory appellate review (not "certiorari"), the dismissal constituted a decision on the merits and established "Baker v. Nelson" as precedent, though the extent of its precedential effect had been subject to debate. In May 2013, Minnesota legalized same-sex marriage and it took effect on August 1, 2013. Subsequently, on June 26, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court explicitly overruled "Baker" in "Obergefell v. Hodges", making same-sex marriage legal nationwide.

Question: By what margin did the Supreme Court explicitly overrule Baker v. Nelson in 2016?
Answer: 5–4
Antarctica
In 1983 the Antarctic Treaty Parties began negotiations on a convention to regulate mining in Antarctica. A coalition of international organisations launched a public pressure campaign to prevent any minerals development in the region, led largely by Greenpeace International, which operated its own scientific station—World Park Base—in the Ross Sea region from 1987 until 1991 and conducted annual expeditions to document environmental effects of humans on Antarctica. In 1988, the Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resources (CRAMRA) was adopted. The following year, however, Australia and France announced that they would not ratify the convention, rendering it dead for all intents and purposes. They proposed instead that a comprehensive regime to protect the Antarctic environment be negotiated in its place. The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (the "Madrid Protocol") was negotiated as other countries followed suit and on 14 January 1998 it entered into force. The Madrid Protocol bans all mining in Antarctica, designating Antarctica a "natural reserve devoted to peace and science".

Question: When did negotiations start to regulate mining in Antarctica?
Answer: 1983
University of Ghana Medical School
The University of Ghana Medical School also UGMS is the medical school of Ghana's first public research institution, the University of Ghana. It is currently located at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra. The medical school was first planned in 1919, but took its first students in 1962.
Jaswant Wadhwani
Brigadier General Dr. Jaswant Wadhwani (born 4 November 1945) is a Ghanaian medical doctor and a retired Senior Army Officer. He was also a former Commanding Officer of the 37 Military Hospital and a lecturer at the University of Ghana Medical School where he lectured Pathology.

Question: What course Brigadier General Dr. Jaswant Wadhwani lectured in the largest and the Premier Medical School currently located at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra?
Answer: Pathology
Hudugaru
Hudugaru (English: Boys) is a 2011 Kannada-language drama film directed by K. Madesh, starring Puneeth Rajkumar, Yogesh, Srinagar Kitty and Radhika Pandit in the lead roles. The film, which is a remake of the successful 2010 Tamil film "Naadodigal", was produced by Parvathamma Rajkumar, with V. Harikrishna having composed the soundtrack and Satya Hegde was the cinematographer. The film released on 5 May 2011 and performed well at the box office similar to Puneeth's previous film "Jackie".
V. Harikrishna
V. Harikrishna (born 5 November 1974) is an Indian film score and soundtrack composer, playback singer and film producer. He has mainly scored music for Kannada films. After his stint as a programmer and assistant musician, Harikrishna made his debut as an independent composer in actor Darshan's first production venture "Jothe Jotheyali" in 2006. Since then, he has been scoring for majority of Darshan's films besides working for many other leading production houses. He owns an audio company called "D-Beats" (Dedicated for Challenging Star Darshan) (established: 2013) and produces music under his own company starting from the film "Bulbul" (2013). He has turned into a director with the 2019 Kannada film 'Yajamana'.

Question: Before opening his own company, which cinematographer did V. Harikrishna gain experience with?
Answer: Satya Hegde
The Blitz
Ultimately, Hitler was trapped within his own vision of bombing as a terror weapon, formed in the 1930s when he threatened smaller nations into accepting German rule rather than submit to air bombardment. This fact had important implications. It showed the extent to which Hitler personally mistook Allied strategy for one of morale breaking instead of one of economic warfare, with the collapse of morale as an additional bonus. Hitler was much more attracted to the political aspects of bombing. As the mere threat of it had produced diplomatic results in the 1930s, he expected that the threat of German retaliation would persuade the Allies to adopt a policy of moderation and not to begin a policy of unrestricted bombing. His hope was – for reasons of political prestige within Germany itself – that the German population would be protected from the Allied bombings. When this proved impossible, he began to fear that popular feeling would turn against his regime, and he redoubled efforts to mount a similar "terror offensive" against Britain in order to produce a stalemate in which both sides would hesitate to use bombing at all.

Question: What policy did Hitler hope the bombing of Allies would cause? 
Answer: policy of moderation
Pachysandra
Pachysandra is a genus of five species of evergreen perennials or subshrubs, belonging to the boxwood family Buxaceae. The species are native to eastern Asia and southeast North America, some reaching a height of 20 - , with only weakly woody stems. The leaves are alternate, leathery, with a coarsely toothed margin, and are typically 5 - long. The small uni-sexual blooms are greenish-white and produced in late spring or early summer.
Polygonum
Polygonum is a genus of about 130 species of flowering plant in the buckwheat and knotweed family Polygonaceae. Common names include knotweed and knotgrass (though the common names may refer more broadly to plants from Polygonaceae). In the Middle English glossary of herbs "Alphita" ( 1400–1425), it was known as ars-smerte. There have been various opinions about how broadly the genus should be defined. For example, buckwheat ("Fagopyrum esculentum") has sometimes been included in the genus as "Polygonum fagopyrum". Former genera such as Polygonella have been subsumed into "Polygonum"; other genera have been split off.

Question: Both Pachysandra the evergreen perennials and Polygonum also known as knotweed are what types of these plants?
Answer: flowering plant
Cut the Rope
Cut the Rope is a series of physics-based puzzle video games developed by the Russian entertainment company ZeptoLab for several platforms and devices. It consists of the original "Cut the Rope" (2010) published by Chillingo, "Cut the Rope: Holiday Gift" (2010), "Cut the Rope: Experiments" (2011), "Cut the Rope: Time Travel" (2013), "Cut the Rope 2" (2013 iOS; 2014 Android), "My Om Nom" (2014 iOS; 2015 Android), and "Cut the Rope: Magic" (2015).
ZeptoLab
ZeptoLab is a Russian video game developer based in Moscow. It is best known for developing the "Cut the Rope" series, which has been downloaded more than 405 million times since its release. ZeptoLab have also made a mobile game called CATS Crash Arena Turbo Stars it said that the game will gonna close this upcoming october (210k downloads) and can be played on major platforms including Android, iOS, Windows Phone, HTML5 Internet browsers, OS X, Nintendo DSi and Nintendo 3DS.

Question: ZeptoLab, is a Russian video game developer best known for developing "Cut the Rope", the original published in which year?
Answer: 2010
Education
Indigenous education refers to the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, models, methods, and content within formal and non-formal educational systems. Often in a post-colonial context, the growing recognition and use of indigenous education methods can be a response to the erosion and loss of indigenous knowledge and language through the processes of colonialism. Furthermore, it can enable indigenous communities to "reclaim and revalue their languages and cultures, and in so doing, improve the educational success of indigenous students."

Question: In which two systems can Indigenous education be used?
Answer: formal and non-formal educational systems
Internet service provider
A virtual ISP (VISP) is an operation that purchases services from another ISP, sometimes called a "wholesale ISP" in this context, which allow the VISP's customers to access the Internet using services and infrastructure owned and operated by the wholesale ISP. VISPs resemble mobile virtual network operators and competitive local exchange carriers for voice communications.

Question: What is a VISP?
Answer: virtual ISP
She Used to Be Mine (Sara Bareilles song)
"She Used to Be Mine" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Sara Bareilles for "Waitress", a musical stage adaptation of the 2007 film of the same name. It was recorded by Bareilles for her fifth studio album, "" (2015), and was released to digital retailers as its lead single on September 25, 2015.
Waitress (musical)
Waitress is a musical with music and lyrics by Sara Bareilles and a book by Jessie Nelson. The musical is based on the 2007 film of the same name, written by Adrienne Shelly. It tells the story of Jenna Hunterson, a baker and waitress in an abusive relationship with her husband Earl. After Jenna unexpectedly becomes pregnant, she begins an affair with her doctor, Dr. Jim Pomatter. Looking for ways out of her troubles, she sees a pie baking contest and its grand prize as her chance.

Question: Who wrote the book on which a musical was based which featured the song She Used to Be Mine?
Answer: Jessie Nelson
Air Enthusiast
Air Enthusiast was a British, bi-monthly, aviation magazine, published by the Key Publishing group. Initially begun in 1974 as "Air Enthusiast Quarterly", the magazine was conceived as a historical adjunct to "Air International" magazine. "Air International" was (and still is) involved with current aviation topics and the "Quarterly" concerned itself with historical matters.
Key Publishing
Key Publishing is a magazine publishing company specialising in aviation titles, based in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England.

Question: Where is the company that publishes "Air Enthusiast" located?
Answer: Stamford, Lincolnshire, England
Ski Club of Australia
The Ski Club of Australia is a private club and ski lodge located in Thredbo, New South Wales, Australia. It was founded in 1920 and as its foundation pre-dated the foundation of the Ski Council of New South Wales in 1929, it played a pivotal role in the history of skiing and ski racing in Australia. Four members of the Ski Club, Herbert Schlink, Eric Fisher, William Gordon and John Laidley, made the first winter crossing of the Snowy Mountains Main Range from Kiandra to Kosciusko in 1927. Slalom skiing was introduced into Australia by the club. The club formerly had an official role in Australian skiing and its 75th Anniversary history was written by Olympian Bob Arnott.
Mount Kosciuszko
Mount Kosciuszko ( , previously spelled Mount Kosciusko) is mainland Australia's highest mountain, at 2,228 metres (7,310 ft) above sea level. It is located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains in Kosciuszko National Park, part of the Australian Alps National Parks and Reserves, in New South Wales, Australia, and is located west of Crackenback and close to Jindabyne.

Question: The Ski Club of Australia is part of which Australian National Park and Reserve?
Answer: Australian Alps National Parks
Israel
Israel has a tradition of higher education where its quality university education has been largely responsible in spurring the nations modern economic development. Israel has nine public universities that are subsidized by the state and 49 private colleges. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel's second-oldest university after the Technion, houses the National Library of Israel, the world's largest repository of Judaica and Hebraica. The Technion and the Hebrew University consistently ranked among world's 100 top universities by the prestigious ARWU academic ranking. Other major universities in the country include the Weizmann Institute of Science, Tel Aviv University, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Bar-Ilan University, the University of Haifa and the Open University of Israel. Ariel University, in the West Bank, is the newest university institution, upgraded from college status, and the first in over thirty years.

Question: What is the oldest university in Israel?
Answer: Technion
Infection
In the absence of suitable plate culture techniques, some microbes require culture within live animals. Bacteria such as "Mycobacterium leprae" and "Treponema pallidum" can be grown in animals, although serological and microscopic techniques make the use of live animals unnecessary. Viruses are also usually identified using alternatives to growth in culture or animals. Some viruses may be grown in embryonated eggs. Another useful identification method is Xenodiagnosis, or the use of a vector to support the growth of an infectious agent. Chagas disease is the most significant example, because it is difficult to directly demonstrate the presence of the causative agent, "Trypanosoma cruzi" in a patient, which therefore makes it difficult to definitively make a diagnosis. In this case, xenodiagnosis involves the use of the vector of the Chagas agent "T. cruzi", an uninfected triatomine bug, which takes a blood meal from a person suspected of having been infected. The bug is later inspected for growth of "T. cruzi" within its gut.

Question: What is it difficult to demonstrate the presence of in Chagas disease?
Answer: the causative agent
Tennessee
After disenfranchisement of blacks, the Republican Party in Tennessee became a primarily white sectional party supported only in the eastern part of the state. In the 20th century, except for two nationwide Republican landslides of the 1920s (in 1920, when Tennessee narrowly supported Warren G. Harding over Ohio Governor James Cox, and in 1928, when it more decisively voted for Herbert Hoover over New York Governor Al Smith), the state was part of the Democratic Solid South until the 1950s. In that postwar decade, it twice voted for Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Allied Commander of the Armed Forces during World War II. Since then, more of the state's voters have shifted to supporting Republicans, and Democratic presidential candidates have carried Tennessee only four times.

Question: Which Republican presidential candidate did Tennessee support in 1920?
Answer: Warren G. Harding
Anthropology
This meager statistic expanded in the 20th century to comprise anthropology departments in the majority of the world's higher educational institutions, many thousands in number. Anthropology has diversified from a few major subdivisions to dozens more. Practical anthropology, the use of anthropological knowledge and technique to solve specific problems, has arrived; for example, the presence of buried victims might stimulate the use of a forensic archaeologist to recreate the final scene. The organization has reached global level. For example, the World Council of Anthropological Associations (WCAA), "a network of national, regional and international associations that aims to promote worldwide communication and cooperation in anthropology", currently contains members from about three dozen nations.

Question: What did the 20th century see the expansion of anthropology departments into?
Answer: majority of the world's higher educational institutions
Middle Ages
The Islamic conquests reached their peak in the mid-eighth century. The defeat of Muslim forces at the Battle of Tours in 732 led to the reconquest of southern France by the Franks, but the main reason for the halt of Islamic growth in Europe was the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and its replacement by the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad and were more concerned with the Middle East than Europe, losing control of sections of the Muslim lands. Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. By the middle of the 8th century, new trading patterns were emerging in the Mediterranean; trade between the Franks and the Arabs replaced the old Roman economy. Franks traded timber, furs, swords and slaves in return for silks and other fabrics, spices, and precious metals from the Arabs.

Question: What was the capital of the Abbasid state?
Answer: Baghdad
Sandeul
Lee Jung-hwan (; born March 20, 1992), better known by his stage name Sandeul (Korean:  ) is a South Korean singer. He is a member of the South Korean boy group B1A4, that debuted on April 23, 2011. He debuted as a solo artist on October 4, 2016.
Deryck Whibley
Deryck Jason Whibley (born March 21, 1980), nicknamed Bizzy D, is a Canadian musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer, best known for his work as the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, keyboardist, main songwriter, producer, and only constant member of the rock band Sum 41.

Question: Are Deryck Whibley and Sandeul from the same country?
Answer: no
Chris Thile
Christopher Scott Thile ( ; born February 20, 1981) is an American mandolinist, singer, songwriter, composer, and radio personality, best known for his work in the progressive acoustic trio Nickel Creek and the acoustic folk and progressive bluegrass quintet Punch Brothers. He is a 2012 MacArthur Fellow. In October 2016, he became the host of the radio variety show "A Prairie Home Companion", which in December 2017 was renamed "Live from Here".
Chris Thile
The three members of Nickel Creek met in 1989 at Carlsbad, California's That Pizza Place, listening to weekly bluegrass shows with their parents. Their first album, "Little Cowpoke", was released on December 31, 1993. Later albums included "Nickel Creek" and "This Side", which went platinum and won a Grammy for Best Contemporary Folk Album, respectively. In 2005, Nickel Creek released "Why Should the Fire Die?", which received critical acclaim and sold 250,000 units.
Not All Who Wander Are Lost (album)
Not All Who Wander Are Lost is the third solo album by American virtuoso mandolinist Chris Thile. It was released on Sugar Hill in 2001.

Question: Not All Who Wander Are Lost is the third solo album by which American virtuoso mandolinist, singer, songwriter, and radio personality, best known for his work in the progressive acoustic trio Nickel Creek and the acoustic folk/progressive bluegrass quintet Punch Brothers?
Answer: Chris Thile
Chartres Cathedral
Chartres Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres ( ), is a Roman Catholic church in Chartres, France, about 80 km southwest of Paris and is the seat of the Bishop of Chartres. Mostly constructed between 1194 and 1220, it stands at the site of at least five cathedrals that have occupied the site since the Diocese of Chartres was formed as an episcopal see in the 4th century. It is in the High Gothic and Romanesque styles.
Chartres Cathedral
The cathedral is designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, which calls it "the high point of French Gothic art" and a "masterpiece".
Blue Mountains (Jamaica)
The Blue Mountains are the longest mountain range in Jamaica. They include the island's highest point, Blue Mountain Peak, at 2256 m (7402 ft). From the summit, accessible via a walking track, both the north and south coasts of the island can be seen. On a clear day, the outline of the island of Cuba, 210 km away, can also be seen. The mountain range spans four parishes: Portland, St. Thomas, St. Mary and St. Andrew.

Question: Are both Chartres Cathedral and Blue Mountains mountain ranges in Jamaica?
Answer: no
Royal Dutch Shell
Further problems hampered the Arctic project after the commencement of drilling in 2012, as Shell dealt with a series of issues that involved air permits, Coast Guard certification of a marine vessel and severe damage to essential oil-spill equipment. Additionally, difficult weather conditions resulted in the delay of drilling during mid-2012 and the already dire situation was exacerbated by the "Kulluk" incident at the end of the year. Royal Dutch Shell had invested nearly US$5 billion by this stage of the project.

Question: What worsened the situation at the end of 2012?
Answer: the "Kulluk" incident
Dog
A study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare humans and dogs showed that dogs have the same response to voices and use the same parts of the brain as humans do. This gives dogs the ability to recognize emotional human sounds, making them friendly social pets to humans.

Question: An MRI study on dogs proved that dogs have the same response as humans to what?
Answer: voices
MP3
Technicolor (formerly called Thomson Consumer Electronics) claimed to control MP3 licensing of the Layer 3 patents in many countries, including the United States, Japan, Canada and EU countries. Technicolor had been actively enforcing these patents. MP3 license revenues from Technicolor's administration generated about €100 million for the Fraunhofer Society in 2005. In September 1998, the Fraunhofer Institute sent a letter to several developers of MP3 software stating that a license was required to "distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders". The letter claimed that unlicensed products "infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson. To make, sell or distribute products using the [MPEG Layer-3] standard and thus our patents, you need to obtain a license under these patents from us." This led to the situation where the LAME MP3 encoder project could not offer its users official binaries that could run on their computer. The project's position was that as source code, LAME was simply a description of how an MP3 encoder "could" be implemented. Unofficially, compiled binaries were available from other sources.

Question: What did the letter claim would be required to distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders?
Answer: a license
BBC Television
Initially, the station's range was officially a 40 kilometres radius of the Alexandra Palace transmitter—in practice, however, transmissions could be picked up a good deal further away, and on one occasion in 1938 were picked up by engineers at RCA in New York, who were experimenting with a British television set. The service was reaching an estimated 25,000–40,000 homes before the outbreak of World War II which caused the service to be suspended in September 1939.

Question: What did the RCA employees use in order to receive the BBC signal?
Answer: a British television set
Pearl Brewing Company
The Pearl Brewing Company (also known as the Pearl Brewery or just Pearl) was an American brewery, established in 1883 in Downtown San Antonio, Texas, USA. In 1985, Pearl's parent company purchased the Pabst Brewing Company and assumed the Pabst name. In 1999, the Pabst Brewing Company began transferring its production to Miller Brewing, on a contract basis, and closing all of its breweries. Pearl beer is still in production at Miller's Fort Worth, Texas facility, but the Pearl Brewery in San Antonio was closed in 2001. Since then, the former brewery was purchased by Silver Ventures, Inc., which has made the property the crown jewel in revitalization efforts of southern Midtown and northern Downtown San Antonio.
The History of Ranching (Winn)
The History of Ranching is a mural that was originally located at the Pearl Brewery in San Antonio, Texas. The Pearl Brewing Company had always preferred to use Texas artists whenever possible. Long after other brewers had moved to using only photographs in their advertising campaigns, Pearl continued to use ads that featured sketches, drawings, or paintings of the concept or product. The more famous of Pearl's artistic advertisements were of Judge Roy Bean's Jersey Lilly and a collage called "The Last Fight of Manolete". Both works saw wide distribution as large printed pictures framed and intended to hang in pubs and bars. The subjects and sizes changed constantly in Pearl's ads, but one thing remained the same, Pearl made it a point to use local artists.

Question: When did the original location of The History of Ranching mural eventually close?
Answer: 2001
Switzerland
Skiing, snowboarding and mountaineering are among the most popular sports in Switzerland, the nature of the country being particularly suited for such activities. Winter sports are practised by the natives and tourists since the second half of the 19th century with the invention of bobsleigh in St. Moritz. The first world ski championships were held in Mürren (1931) and St. Moritz (1934). The latter town hosted the second Winter Olympic Games in 1928 and the fifth edition in 1948. Among the most successful skiers and world champions are Pirmin Zurbriggen and Didier Cuche.

Question: What 3 mountain sports are among the most popular in Switzerland?
Answer: Skiing, snowboarding and mountaineering
The Christian Science Monitor
The Christian Science Monitor (CSM), commonly known as The Monitor, is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles in electronic format as well as a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as a daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. s of 2011 , the print circulation was 75,052.
Twist (magazine)
Twist is an online teen-focused website and was a monthly print teen magazine. The website is owned by, and the print magazine was published, by Bauer Publishing, the United States division of the German firm Bauer Verlagsgruppe. The first issue was released in 1997.

Question: Which was started first The Christian Science Monitor or Twist?
Answer: The Christian Science Monitor