qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Belle Vue Zoological Gardens
Belle Vue Zoological Gardens was a large zoo, amusement park, exhibition hall complex and speedway stadium in Belle Vue, Manchester, England, opened in 1836. The brainchild of John Jennison, the gardens were initially intended to be an entertainment for the genteel middle classes, with formal gardens and dancing on open-air platforms during the summer, but they soon became one of the most popular attractions in Northern England. Before moving to Belle Vue, Jennison, a part-time gardener, had run a small aviary at his home, the beginnings of the zoo that over the years grew to become the third-largest in the United Kingdom.
Manchester Zoological Gardens
The Manchester Zoological Gardens opened in 1838, on a 15 acre site between Broom Lane and Northumberland Street in Broughton, now in Salford, England. Attractions included a Grand Menagerie, a lake, a maze, an archery ground, and a series of landscaped walks. The gardens were laid out by a company of local business men, on land rented from the Rev. John Clowes of Broughton Hall, who had become interested in botany and horticulture in later life. The gardens competed with John Jennison's Belle Vue Zoological Gardens opened three years earlier, but the venture was commercially unsuccessful and closed in 1842. Some of the animals were acquired by the Belle Vue Zoo, others went to London Zoo and to Hampton Court.

Question: Manchester Zoological Gardens competed with the zoo that opened in what year, also in Manchester?
Answer: 1836
Freemasonry
Freemasonry, as it exists in various forms all over the world, has a membership estimated by the United Grand Lodge of England at around 6 million worldwide. The fraternity is administratively organised into independent Grand Lodges (or sometimes Grand Orients), each of which governs its own Masonic jurisdiction, which consists of subordinate (or "constituent") Lodges. The largest single jurisdiction, in terms of membership, is the United Grand Lodge of England (with a membership estimated at around a quarter million). The Grand Lodge of Scotland and Grand Lodge of Ireland (taken together) have approximately 150,000 members. In the United States, total membership is just under 2 million.

Question: What is the largest single jurisdiction of Freemasonry?
Answer: United Grand Lodge of England
Elizabeth McIngvale
Elizabeth McIngvale (born 1987) is the founder of Peace of Mind, a non-profit organization for people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). She herself was diagnosed with OCD at the age of 12, and at age 18 became the national spokesperson for the International OCD Foundation. She lives in Houston, Texas and is the daughter of area businessman Jim McIngvale and his wife Linda. 
Jim McIngvale
James Franklin McIngvale (born February 11, 1951), also known as Mattress Mack, is a businessman from Houston, Texas. He is known for owning and operating the Gallery Furniture retail chain.

Question: Elizabeth McIngvale is the founder of Peace of Mind, a non-profit organization for people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), she lives in Houston, Texas and is the daughter of area businessman James Franklin McIngvale, also known as who, is a businessman and philanthropist? 
Answer: Mattress Mack
Falstaff (opera)
Falstaff (] ) is a comic opera in three acts by the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi. The libretto was adapted by Arrigo Boito from Shakespeare's "The Merry Wives of Windsor" and scenes from "Henry IV", parts 1 and 2. The work premiered on 9 February 1893 at La Scala, Milan.
L'étoile (opera)
L'étoile is an opéra bouffe in three acts by Emmanuel Chabrier with a libretto by Eugène Leterrier and Albert Vanloo.

Question: Do "L'étoile" and "Falstaff" have the same number of acts?
Answer: yes
Alexander Graham Bell
As is sometimes common in scientific discoveries, simultaneous developments can occur, as evidenced by a number of inventors who were at work on the telephone. Over a period of 18 years, the Bell Telephone Company faced 587 court challenges to its patents, including five that went to the U.S. Supreme Court, but none was successful in establishing priority over the original Bell patent and the Bell Telephone Company never lost a case that had proceeded to a final trial stage. Bell's laboratory notes and family letters were the key to establishing a long lineage to his experiments. The Bell company lawyers successfully fought off myriad lawsuits generated initially around the challenges by Elisha Gray and Amos Dolbear. In personal correspondence to Bell, both Gray and Dolbear had acknowledged his prior work, which considerably weakened their later claims.

Question: How many times were Bell's patents contested?
Answer: 587
Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency
Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency, 549 U.S. 497 (2007), is a 5-4 U.S. Supreme Court case in which twelve states and several cities of the United States, represented by James Milkey, brought suit against the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to force that federal agency to regulate carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) as pollutants.
Ableman v. Booth
Ableman v. Booth, 62 U.S. (21 How.) 506 (1859), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously held that state courts cannot issue rulings that contradict the decisions of federal courts, overturning a decision by the Supreme Court of Wisconsin. The Court found that under the Constitution, federal courts have the final power to decide cases arising under the Constitution and federal statutes, and that the States do not have the power to overturn those decisions. Thus, Wisconsin did not have the authority to nullify federal judgments or statutes. For example, it is illegal for state officials to interfere with the work of U.S. Marshals acting under federal laws. The "Ableman" decision emphasized the dual form of American government and the independence of State and federal courts from each other.

Question: Which court case overturned more previous decisions, Ableman v. Booth or Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency?
Answer: Ableman v. Booth
Quran
Tafsir is one of the earliest academic activities of Muslims. According to the Quran, Muhammad was the first person who described the meanings of verses for early Muslims. Other early exegetes included a few Companions of Muhammad, such as Abu Bakr, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, ʻAli ibn Abi Talib, 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ood, ʻAbdullah ibn Abbas, Ubayy ibn Kaʻb, Zayd ibn Thaabit, Abu Moosaa al-Ash’ari, and ‘Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr. Exegesis in those days was confined to the explanation of literary aspects of the verse, the background of its revelation and, occasionally, interpretation of one verse with the help of the other. If the verse was about a historical event, then sometimes a few traditions ("hadith") of Muhammad were narrated to make its meaning clear.

Question: What is the Arabic term for Quranic exegesis?
Answer: Tafsir
University of Kansas
Named one of the best business schools in the Midwest by Princeton Review, the KU School of Business has been continually accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) for its undergraduate and graduate programs in business and accounting.

Question: By what acronym is the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business known?
Answer: AACSB
High Fidelity (film)
High Fidelity is a 2000 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Stephen Frears. It stars John Cusack, Iben Hjejle, Jack Black, Todd Louiso, and Lisa Bonet. The film is based on the 1995 British novel of the same name by Nick Hornby, with the setting moved from London to Chicago and the name of the lead character changed.
Stephen Frears
Stephen Arthur Frears (born 20 June 1941) is an English director and producer. He has directed numerous acclaimed films since the early 1980s, including "My Beautiful Laundrette" (1985), "Dangerous Liaisons" (1988), "The Grifters" (1990), "High Fidelity" (2000), "The Queen" (2006), "Philomena" (2013), "Florence Foster Jenkins" (2016), and "Victoria & Abdul" (2017). He has received two nominations for the Academy Award for Best Director. 
Stephen Frears
Frears is also known for his work on various television programs, including "Fail Safe" (2000), "The Deal" (2003), "Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight" (2013), "A Very English Scandal" (2018), "State of the Union" (2019), and "Quiz" (2020). He has received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations, with one win.

Question: What genre is the movie High Fidelity directed by Stephen Frears?
Answer: American romantic comedy-drama film
Ian Beale
Ian Beale is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera "EastEnders", played by Adam Woodyatt. He is the longest-serving character and the only remaining original character to have appeared continuously since the first episode on 19 February 1985. The character appeared in his 2000th episode in the show on 26 March 2007, and his 3000th on 27 May 2016. 
Ian Beale
Ian is the son of Pete (Peter Dean) and Kathy Beale (Gillian Taylforth), nephew of Pauline Fowler (Wendy Richard) and cousin of Mark (David Scarboro/Todd Carty), Michelle Fowler (Sue Tully/Jenna Russell) and Martin Fowler (James Alexandrou/James Bye). He has fathered three children (Peter Beale, Lucy Beale and Bobby Beale), and acted as a father figure to Peter and Lucy's half-brother and half-sister, Steven Beale and Cindy Williams, respectively. Ian is also the most-married character in "EastEnders" history, with five marriages to four women (Cindy Williams, Mel Healy, Laura Dunn, and twice to Jane Collins) and two aborted engagements (to Mandy Salter and Denise Fox). As of 2020, Ian is also the current owner of 45 Albert Square, traditionally represented within the series as the family home of the Beale and Fowler family, and has also been on the show for 35 years. In 2020, Ian bought The Queen Victoria public house for Sharon Watts (Letitia Dean).
Jenna Russell
Jenna Johan Russell (born 5 October 1967) is an English actress and singer. She has appeared on the stage in London in both musicals and dramas, as well as appearing with the Royal Shakespeare Company. She performed the role of Dot in "Sunday in the Park with George" in the West End and on Broadway, receiving the Tony Award nomination and the 2006 Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her role. She has also appeared in several television series, including "Born and Bred" and "EastEnders".

Question: Ian Beale is one of the original EastEnders characters along with the cousin played, for a time, by which actress who played Dot in "Sunday in the Park with George"?
Answer: Jenna Russell
Josh Turner
Joshua Otis Turner (born November 20, 1977) is an American country and gospel singer and actor. In 2003, he signed to MCA Nashville Records. That same year, his debut album's title track, "Long Black Train", was his breakthrough single release. His second album, "Your Man" (2006) accounted for his first two number-one hits: "Your Man" and "Would You Go with Me", while 2007's "Everything Is Fine" included a No. 2 in "Firecracker". "Haywire", released in 2010, produced his biggest hit, the four week No. 1 "Why Don't We Just Dance" and another number one in "All Over Me". It was followed by "Punching Bag" (2012), whose lead-off single "Time Is Love" was the biggest country hit of 2012 according to Billboard Year-End.
Another Try
"Another Try" is a song written by Jeremy Spillman and Chris Stapleton, and recorded by American country music artist Josh Turner, featuring harmony vocals from Trisha Yearwood. It was released in January 2008 as the second single from Turner's album "Everything Is Fine", and his eighth chart single overall. In addition, it is Yearwood's 37th single.

Question: "Another Try" is a song written by Jeremy Spillman and Chris Stapleton, and recorded by American country music artist Joshua Otis Turner, is an American country singer and actor, in 2003, he signed to which organization? 
Answer: MCA Nashville Records
Phonograph record
Due to recording mastering and manufacturing limitations, both high and low frequencies were removed from the first recorded signals by various formulae. With low frequencies, the stylus must swing a long way from side to side, requiring the groove to be wide, taking up more space and limiting the playing time of the record. At high frequencies, hiss, pops, and ticks are significant. These problems can be reduced by using equalization to an agreed standard. During recording the amplitude of low frequencies is reduced, thus reducing the groove width required, and the amplitude at high frequencies is increased. The playback equipment boosts bass and cuts treble so as to restore the tonal balance in the original signal; this also reduces the high frequency noise. Thus more music will fit on the record, and noise is reduced.

Question: What is a benefit of using equalization devices?
Answer: problems can be reduced
David Lynch
David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, painter, musician, singer, sound designer, photographer, and actor. He is best known for writing and directing films such as "Eraserhead" (1977), "The Elephant Man" (1980), "Blue Velvet" (1986), and "Mulholland Drive" (2001), which are often regarded by critics as among the best films of their times, and for his television series "Twin Peaks" (1990–1991, 2017). These works led to him being labeled "the first popular Surrealist" by film critic Pauline Kael. A recipient of an Academy Honorary Award in 2019, he has received three Academy Award nominations for Best Director, and has won the César Award for Best Foreign Film twice, as well as the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and a Golden Lion award for lifetime achievement at the Venice Film Festival. In 2007, a panel of critics convened by "The Guardian" announced that "after all the discussion, no one could fault the conclusion that David Lynch is the most important film-maker of the current era", while AllMovie called him "the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking".
David Lynch
Lynch's first feature-length film, the surrealist horror "Eraserhead" (1977) became a success on the midnight movie circuit, and he followed that by directing "The Elephant Man" (1980), "Dune" (1984), and "Blue Velvet" (1986). Lynch next created his own television series with Mark Frost, the popular murder mystery "Twin Peaks" (1990–1991), which ran for two seasons. He also created the film prequel "" (1992), the road film "Wild at Heart" (1990), and the family film "The Straight Story" (1999) in the same period. Turning further towards surrealist filmmaking, three of his subsequent films operated on dream logic non-linear narrative structures: "Lost Highway" (1997), "Mulholland Drive" (2001), and "Inland Empire" (2006). Lynch and Frost reunited in 2017 for a third season of "Twin Peaks", which aired on Showtime. Lynch co-wrote and directed every episode, as well as reprising his onscreen role as Gordon Cole.
Alicia Witt
Alicia Roanne Witt (born August 21, 1975) is an American actress, singer-songwriter, and pianist. She first came to fame as a child actress after being discovered by David Lynch, who cast her as Alia Atreides in his film "Dune" (1984) and in a guest role in his television series "Twin Peaks" (1990).

Question: What is the nationality of the person who discovered Alicia Witt?
Answer: American
Copyright infringement
Copyright infringement disputes are usually resolved through direct negotiation, a notice and take down process, or litigation in civil court. Egregious or large-scale commercial infringement, especially when it involves counterfeiting, is sometimes prosecuted via the criminal justice system. Shifting public expectations, advances in digital technology, and the increasing reach of the Internet have led to such widespread, anonymous infringement that copyright-dependent industries now focus less on pursuing individuals who seek and share copyright-protected content online, and more on expanding copyright law to recognize and penalize, as indirect infringers, the service providers and software distributors who are said to facilitate and encourage individual acts of infringement by others.

Question: What can happen to people who commit copyright infringement on a mass-scale?
Answer: prosecuted via the criminal justice system
Nigeria
Leading Protestant churches in the country include the Church of Nigeria of the Anglican Communion, the Assemblies of God Church, the Nigerian Baptist Convention and The Synagogue, Church Of All Nations. Since the 1990s, there has been significant growth in many other churches, independently started in Africa by Africans, particularly the evangelical Protestant ones. These include the Redeemed Christian Church of God, Winners' Chapel, Christ Apostolic Church (the first Aladura Movement in Nigeria), Living Faith Church Worldwide, Deeper Christian Life Ministry, Evangelical Church of West Africa, Mountain of Fire and Miracles, Christ Embassy, Lord's Chosen Charismatic Revival Movement, Celestial Church of Christ, and Dominion City. In addition, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Aladura Church, the Seventh-day Adventist and various indigenous churches have also experienced growth.

Question: What is the largest Anglican church in Nigeria?
Answer: the Church of Nigeria of the Anglican Communion
Dell
Dell announced a change campaign called "Dell 2.0," reducing the number of employees and diversifying the company's products. While chairman of the board after relinquishing his CEO position, Michael Dell still had significant input in the company during Rollins' years as CEO. With the return of Michael Dell as CEO, the company saw immediate changes in operations, the exodus of many senior vice-presidents and new personnel brought in from outside the company. Michael Dell announced a number of initiatives and plans (part of the "Dell 2.0" initiative) to improve the company's financial performance. These include elimination of 2006 bonuses for employees with some discretionary awards, reduction in the number of managers reporting directly to Michael Dell from 20 to 12, and reduction of "bureaucracy". Jim Schneider retired as CFO and was replaced by Donald Carty, as the company came under an SEC probe for its accounting practices.

Question: Who replaced Jim Schneider as Dell CFO?
Answer: Donald Carty
2008 Sichuan earthquake
The most precarious of these quake-lakes was the one located in the extremely difficult terrain at Mount Tangjia in Beichuan County, Sichuan, accessible only by foot or air; an Mi-26T heavy lift helicopter belonging to the China Flying Dragon Special Aviation Company was used to bring heavy earthmoving tractors to the affected location. This operation was coupled with the work done by PLAAF Mi-17 helicopters bringing in PLA engineering corps, explosive specialists and other personnel to join 1,200 soldiers who arrived on site by foot. Five tons of fuel to operate the machinery was airlifted to the site, where a sluice was constructed to allow the safe discharge of the bottle-necked water. Downstream, more than 200,000 people were evacuated from Mianyang by June 1 in anticipation of the dam bursting.

Question: Where was the worst of the quake lakes located?
Answer: Mount Tangjia
Institute of technology
Polytechnics were granted university status under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. This meant that polytechnics could confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization. These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities.

Question: What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities?
Answer: the Further and Higher Education Act 1992
Into a Fantasy
"Into a Fantasy" is a song by Norwegian singer-songwriter Alexander Rybak. It was released on 9 June 2014 as a digital download in Norway. The song features on the "How to Train Your Dragon 2" soundtrack, though it only appears in the European versions of the film. The song was written by Alexander Rybak and produced by Knut Bjørnar Asphol.
Alexander Rybak
Rybak is known for his extensive involvement in the Eurovision Song Contest. Representing Norway in the 2009 contest in Moscow, Russia, he won the competition with 387 points—the highest tally any country has achieved in the history of Eurovision under the then voting system—with "Fairytale", a song he wrote and composed. Winning at the age of 23, Rybak remains the youngest solo male winner of the contest and the only Belarusian-born winner. His win was celebrated all across Europe for crushing stereotypes about the contest, such as needing an over-the-top performance or the negative influence of neighbour voting.
Alexander Rybak
Since then Rybak has been involved several times in the contest. He represented Norway again in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal, with the song "That's How You Write a Song", winning the second semi-final and finishing in 15th place in the Grand Final. He provided as an opening act to the Grand Final in 2010 and as an interval act in 2012 and 2016. Rybak has frequently provided commentary on the contest, working as a journalist in 2011, as once-off judge on the Belgian preselection in 2016 and as commentator on his personal social media.

Question: What contest did the composer of "Into a Fantasy" win in 2009?
Answer: Eurovision Song Contest
Please Please Me
Please Please Me is the debut album by the English rock band the Beatles. Produced by George Martin, it was released on EMI's Parlophone label on 22 March 1963 in the United Kingdom, following the success of the band's singles "Please Please Me" and "Love Me Do", which reached number 1 on the "NME" and "Melody Maker" charts and number 17 on the UK Singles Chart, respectively. The album topped "Record Retailer"' s LP chart for 30 weeks, an unprecedented achievement for a pop album at that time.
Boys (The Shirelles song)
"Boys" is a song by Luther Dixon and Wes Farrell, originally performed by the Shirelles and released as the B-side of their "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" single in November 1960. It was recorded more than two years later by the Beatles and included on their first album released in the United Kingdom, "Please Please Me" (1963).

Question: On what day was The Beatles album containing a cover of The Shirelles song "Boys"?
Answer: 22 March 1963
Egypt
In 525 BCE, the powerful Achaemenid Persians, led by Cambyses II, began their conquest of Egypt, eventually capturing the pharaoh Psamtik III at the battle of Pelusium. Cambyses II then assumed the formal title of pharaoh, but ruled Egypt from his home of Susa in Persia (modern Iran), leaving Egypt under the control of a satrapy. The entire Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt, from 525–402 BCE, save for Petubastis III, was an entirely Persian ruled period, with the Achaemenid Emperors all being granted the title of pharaoh. A few temporarily successful revolts against the Persians marked the fifth century BCE, but Egypt was never able to permanently overthrow the Persians.

Question: From where did Camyses II rule Egypt?
Answer: Susa in Persia
Culture
The modern term "culture" is based on a term used by the ancient Roman orator Cicero in his "Tusculanae Disputationes", where he wrote of a cultivation of the soul or ""cultura animi,"" using an agricultural metaphor for the development of a philosophical soul, understood teleologically as the highest possible ideal for human development. Samuel Pufendorf took over this metaphor in a modern context, meaning something similar, but no longer assuming that philosophy was man's natural perfection. His use, and that of many writers after him, ""refers to all the ways in which human beings overcome their original barbarism, and through artifice, become fully human.""

Question: Samuel changed something that was in the old meaning of the metaphor, what was it?
Answer: no longer assuming that philosophy was man's natural perfection
The Sun (United Kingdom)
Politically, "The Sun" in the early Murdoch years remained nominally Labour-supporting. It advocated a vote for the Labour Party led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, with the headline "Why It Must Be Labour", but by February 1974 it was calling for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while suggesting that it might support a Labour Party led by James Callaghan or Roy Jenkins. In the October election an editorial asserted: "ALL our instincts are left rather than right and we would vote for any able politician who would describe himself as a Social Democrat." In the 1975 referendum on Britain continuing membership of the European Economic Community, it advocated a vote to stay in the Common Market.

Question: Who led the Labour Party in the 1970 General Election?
Answer: Harold Wilson
Beartooth Mountains
The Beartooth Mountains are located in south central Montana and northwest Wyoming, U.S. and are part of the 944000 acre Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, within Custer, Gallatin and Shoshone National Forests. The Beartooths are the location of Granite Peak, which at 12807 ft is the highest point in the state of Montana. The mountains are just northeast of Yellowstone National Park and are part of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. The mountains are traversed by road via the Beartooth Highway (U.S. 212) with the highest elevation at Beartooth Pass 10947 ft ). The name of the mountain range is attributed to a rugged peak found in the range, Beartooth Peak, that has the appearance of a bear's tooth.
Red Lodge Mountain
Red Lodge Mountain is an alpine ski area in the western United States, located in south-central Montana along the eastern front of the Beartooth Mountains, west of the town of Red Lodge.

Question: Is Red Lodge Mountain northeast or northwest of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem?
Answer: northeast
The Band Wagon
The Band Wagon is a 1953 American musical-comedy film directed by Vincente Minnelli, starring Fred Astaire and Cyd Charisse. It tells the story of an aging musical star who hopes a Broadway show will restart his career. However, the play's director wants to make it a pretentious retelling of the "Faust" legend and brings in a prima ballerina who clashes with the star. Along with "Singin' in the Rain" (1952), it is regarded as one of the finest of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer musicals, although it was only a modest box-office success on first release.
That's Entertainment! (song)
"That's Entertainment!" is a popular song with music written by Arthur Schwartz and lyrics by Howard Dietz. The song was published in 1952 and was written especially for the 1953 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer musical film "The Band Wagon". The song is performed in the film by Jack Buchanan supported by Fred Astaire, Nanette Fabray, and Oscar Levant. In 2004, the song finished at #45 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema.

Question: Who was the director of the 1953 musical comedy for which the song "That's Entertainment!" was written?
Answer: Vincente Minnelli
Shauna Robertson
Shauna Robertson (born c. 1975) is a Canadian film producer. From 1999 to 2008, she worked frequently with Judd Apatow, and produced a number of films for Apatow Productions, including "" (2004), "The 40-Year-Old Virgin" (2005), "Knocked Up", "Superbad" (both 2007), "Forgetting Sarah Marshall" and "Pineapple Express" (both 2008).
Crowdrise
CrowdRise is a for-profit crowdfunding platform that raises charitable donations. CrowdRise was founded by Edward Norton, Shauna Robertson, and the founders of Moosejaw, Robert and Jeffrey Wolfe. CrowdRise was acquired in 2017 by GoFundMe.

Question: CrowdRise was founded in party by a Canadian film producer who has worked frequently with Judd Apatow, and has produced a number of films for who?
Answer: Apatow Productions
Oklahoma
Oklahoma is the nation's third-largest producer of natural gas, and its fifth-largest producer of crude oil. The state also has the second-greatest number of active drilling rigs, and it is even ranked fifth in crude oil reserves. While the state is ranked eighth for installed wind energy capacity in 2011, it is at the bottom of states in usage of renewable energy, with 94% of its electricity being generated by non-renewable sources in 2009, including 25% from coal and 46% from natural gas. Oklahoma has no nuclear power. Ranking 13th for total energy consumption per capita in 2009, the state's energy costs were eighth-lowest in the nation.

Question: How does Oklahoma's crude oil reserves rank among states?
Answer: fifth
Cluedo
Cluedo ( ), known as Clue in North America, is a murder mystery game for three to six players that was devised in 1943 by Anthony E. Pratt from Birmingham, England. The game was first manufactured by Waddingtons in the UK in 1949. Since then, it has been relaunched and updated several times, and it is currently owned and published by the American game and toy company Hasbro.
Cluedo
The object of the game is to determine who murdered the game's victim, where the crime took place, and which weapon was used. Each player assumes the role of one of the six suspects and attempts to deduce the correct answer by strategically moving around a game board representing the rooms of a mansion and collecting clues about the circumstances of the murder from the other players.
Hanabi (card game)
Hanabi (from Japanese 花火, fireworks) is a cooperative card game created by French game designer Antoine Bauza published in 2010 by Asmodée Éditions in which players, aware of other players' cards but not their own, attempt to play a series of cards in a specific order to set off a simulated fireworks show. Players are limited in the types of information they may give to other players, and in the total amount of information that can be given during the game. In 2013, "Hanabi" won the Spiel des Jahres, a prestigious industry award for best board game of the year.

Question: Which game was published or manufactured first, Hanabi or Cluedo?
Answer: Cluedo
John, King of England
John's illness grew worse and by the time he reached Newark Castle, Nottinghamshire, he was unable to travel any farther; he died on the night of 18/19 October. Numerous – probably fictitious – accounts circulated soon after his death that he had been killed by poisoned ale, poisoned plums or a "surfeit of peaches". His body was escorted south by a company of mercenaries and he was buried in Worcester Cathedral in front of the altar of St Wulfstan. A new sarcophagus with an effigy was made for him in 1232, in which his remains now rest.

Question: When was a new sarcophagus made for him?
Answer: 1232
Blue Brain Project
The Blue Brain Project is a Swiss brain research initiative that aims to create a digital reconstruction of rodent and eventually human brains by reverse-engineering mammalian brain circuitry. The project was founded in May 2005 by the Brain and Mind Institute of "École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne" (EPFL) in Switzerland. Its mission is to use biologically-detailed digital reconstructions and simulations of the mammalian brain to identify the fundamental principles of brain structure and function.
Blue Brain Project
The project is headed by the founding director Henry Markram—who also launched the European Human Brain Project—and is co-directed by Felix Schürmann and Sean Hill. Using a Blue Gene supercomputer running Michael Hines's NEURON software, the simulation involves a biologically realistic model of neurons and an empirically reconstructed model connectome. It is hoped that it will eventually shed light on the nature of consciousness.
Future and Emerging Technologies
The European Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) Flagship projects include the Graphene Flagship, Human Brain Project, the Blue Brain Project, and the Quantum technology Flagship.
Future and Emerging Technologies
Other major projects proposed as part of the Future and Emerging Technologies competition include the Living Earth Simulator Project. European Future and Emerging Technologies Flagship projects are funded through Horizon 2020. In August 2018, European Commission funds $3.5 Million to FET.

Question: In what year was one of the Future and Emerging Technologies projects founded?
Answer: 2005
Sumer
The Sumerians progressively lost control to Semitic states from the northwest. Sumer was conquered by the Semitic-speaking kings of the Akkadian Empire around 2270 BC (short chronology), but Sumerian continued as a sacred language. Native Sumerian rule re-emerged for about a century in the Third Dynasty of Ur at approximately 2100–2000 BC, but the Akkadian language also remained in use for some time.

Question: How long was there native Sumerian rule during the Third Dynasty of Ur?
Answer: about a century
Lady in the Water
Lady in the Water is a 2006 American fantasy drama psychological thriller film written, produced, and directed by M. Night Shyamalan and starring Paul Giamatti and Bryce Dallas Howard. The film's plot concerns the superintendent of a Philadelphia apartment complex who discovers a young woman in the swimming pool. Gradually, he and his neighbors learn that she is a water nymph (or Narf) whose life is in danger from a vicious, wolf-like, mystical creature called a Scrunt that tries to keep her from returning to her watery "blue world." This is Shyamalan's first film in which he appeared in a significant role rather than a short cameo.
A Whisper in the Noise
Centered in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metro, the group is known for their dark sound and unique instrumentation, as well as their effective live performances. Eschewing the more traditional use of guitar or heavy keyboards that might be associated with the band's umbral sound, the instrumentation of A Whisper in the Noise has included the cello, violin, French horn, synth/electronic keyboard, bass guitar, and percussion in some variation. They have toured as a supporting act for the Scottish band Arab Strap.
A Whisper in the Noise
The group were attacked at knifepoint after a show in Seattle in March 2006. Less than two weeks later their tour was robbed of $6,000 in Philadelphia.

Question: A Whisper in the Noise was by the group whose cover of a Bob Dylan song was used in what 2006 film?
Answer: Lady in the Water
Incandescent light bulb
During ordinary operation, the tungsten of the filament evaporates; hotter, more-efficient filaments evaporate faster. Because of this, the lifetime of a filament lamp is a trade-off between efficiency and longevity. The trade-off is typically set to provide a lifetime of several hundred to 2,000 hours for lamps used for general illumination. Theatrical, photographic, and projection lamps may have a useful life of only a few hours, trading life expectancy for high output in a compact form. Long-life general service lamps have lower efficiency but are used where the cost of changing the lamp is high compared to the value of energy used.

Question: What determines how fast a tungsten filament evaporates?
Answer: hotter, more-efficient filaments evaporate faster
Arlene Dahl
Arlene Carol Dahl (born August 11, 1925) is a retired American actress and former Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract star, who achieved notability during the 1950s. She has three children, the eldest of whom is actor Lorenzo Lamas.
A Southern Yankee
A Southern Yankee is a 1948 American comedy film, directed by Edward Sedgwick, starring Red Skelton and Arlene Dahl, and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It is also known as The Spy.

Question: Which of the actors starred in "A Southern Yankee" is an American actress and former Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract star, who achieved notability during the 1950s?
Answer: Arlene Dahl
Crucifixion of Jesus
Calvary as an English name for the place is derived from the Latin word for skull ("calvaria"), which is used in the Vulgate translation of "place of a skull", the explanation given in all four Gospels of the Aramaic word "Gûlgaltâ" (transliterated into the Greek as Γολγοθᾶ (Golgotha)), which was the name of the place where Jesus was crucified. The text does not indicate why it was so designated, but several theories have been put forward. One is that as a place of public execution, Calvary may have been strewn with the skulls of abandoned victims (which would be contrary to Jewish burial traditions, but not Roman). Another is that Calvary is named after a nearby cemetery (which is consistent with both of the proposed modern sites). A third is that the name was derived from the physical contour, which would be more consistent with the singular use of the word, i.e., the place of "a skull". While often referred to as "Mount Calvary", it was more likely a small hill or rocky knoll.

Question: Where was Jesus Crucified?
Answer: Calvary
All Nations University
All Nations University was founded by Rev. Dr. Samuel Donkor in Ghana. It began with 37 students in October 2002 and has now expanded to over 2000 students. It became an accredited university college in Ghana in October 2002. The university is affiliated to Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology and in collaboration with SRM Institute of Science and Technology (India). On May 28, 2020 All Nations was granted a presidential charter by the President of Ghana.
New Mexico State University
New Mexico State University (NMSU or NM State) is a public research university, with a main campus in Las Cruces, New Mexico. Founded on September 17, 1888, it is the oldest public institution of higher education in the state of New Mexico, and is one of two flagship universities in New Mexico. Total enrollment across all campuses as of 2017 was 21,874, with branch campuses in Alamogordo, Carlsbad, Doña Ana County and Grants, and with extension and research centers across New Mexico.

Question: Are All Nations University and New Mexico State University located in the same country?
Answer: no
Thurston Moore
Thurston Joseph Moore (born July 25, 1958) is an American musician best known as a member of Sonic Youth. He has also participated in many solo and group collaborations outside Sonic Youth, as well as running the Ecstatic Peace! record label. Moore was ranked 34th in "Rolling Stone"' s 2004 edition of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time." In May 2012, "Spin" published a staff-selected list of the top 100 rock guitarists, and ranked Moore and his Sonic Youth bandmate Lee Ranaldo together at number 1.
Loren Mazzacane Connors
Loren Mazzacane Connors (born October 22, 1949) is an American experimental musician who has recorded and performed under several different names: Guitar Roberts, Loren Mazzacane, Loren Mattei, and currently Loren Connors. He has worked with Alan Licht, Jim O'Rourke, bassist Darin Gray, Thurston Moore, John Fahey, Keiji Haino, Jandek, Suzanne Langille, poet Steve Dalachinsky, Chan Marshall, Margarida Garcia, Kath Bloom and Robert Crotty.

Question: which American musician has Loren Mazzacane Connors worked for 
Answer: Thurston Joseph Moore
Empiricism
In the late renaissance various writers began to question the medieval and classical understanding of knowledge acquisition in a more fundamental way. In political and historical writing Niccolò Machiavelli and his friend Francesco Guicciardini initiated a new realistic style of writing. Machiavelli in particular was scornful of writers on politics who judged everything in comparison to mental ideals and demanded that people should study the "effectual truth" instead. Their contemporary, Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) said, "If you find from your own experience that something is a fact and it contradicts what some authority has written down, then you must abandon the authority and base your reasoning on your own findings."

Question: What did renaissance writers question?
Answer: the medieval and classical understanding of knowledge acquisition
JJ (magazine)
JJ is a Japanese fashion and lifestyle magazine published by Kobunsha. It was established in 1975 as an extra issue of "Josei Jishin", and was the first women's magazine for college students in Japan. Most readers of "JJ" are females between the ages of 17 and 26, and range from college students to office workers. 
Woman's Day
Woman's Day is an American women's magazine that covers such topics as homemaking, food, nutrition, physical fitness, physical attractiveness, and fashion. The print edition is one of the Seven Sisters magazines. The magazine was first published in 1931 by The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company; the current publisher is Hearst Corporation.

Question: Which magazine was published first, Woman's Day or JJ?
Answer: Woman's Day
History of India
They had to compete with the Shunga Empire and then the Kanva dynasty of Magadha to establish their rule. Later, they played a crucial role to protect large part of India against foreign invaders like the Sakas, Yavanas and Pahlavas. In particular, their struggles with the Western Kshatrapas went on for a long time. The notable rulers of the Satavahana Dynasty Gautamiputra Satakarni and Sri Yajna Sātakarni were able to defeat the foreign invaders like the Western Kshatrapas and to stop their expansion. In the 3rd century CE the empire was split into smaller states.

Question: When was the Satavahana Empire divided into smaller states?
Answer: 3rd century CE
Israel
Israel is considered the most advanced country in Western Asia and the Middle East in economic and industrial development. Israel's quality university education and the establishment of a highly motivated and educated populace is largely responsible for spurring the country's high technology boom and rapid economic development. In 2010, it joined the OECD. The country is ranked 16th in the World Economic Forum's "Global Competitiveness Report" and 54th on the World Bank's "Ease of Doing Business" index. Israel was also ranked 5th in the world by share of people in high-skilled employment. Israeli economic data covers the economic territory of Israel, including the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank.

Question: When did Israel join the OECD?
Answer: 2010
Jews
Studies of autosomal DNA, which look at the entire DNA mixture, have become increasingly important as the technology develops. They show that Jewish populations have tended to form relatively closely related groups in independent communities, with most in a community sharing significant ancestry in common. For Jewish populations of the diaspora, the genetic composition of Ashkenazi, Sephardi, and Mizrahi Jewish populations show a predominant amount of shared Middle Eastern ancestry. According to Behar, the most parsimonious explanation for this shared Middle Eastern ancestry is that it is "consistent with the historical formulation of the Jewish people as descending from ancient Hebrew and Israelite residents of the Levant" and "the dispersion of the people of ancient Israel throughout the Old World". North African, Italian and others of Iberian origin show variable frequencies of admixture with non-Jewish historical host populations among the maternal lines. In the case of Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews (in particular Moroccan Jews), who are closely related, the source of non-Jewish admixture is mainly southern European, while Mizrahi Jews show evidence of admixture with other Middle Eastern populations. Behar "et al." have remarked on a close relationship between Ashkenazi Jews and modern Italians. A 2001 study found that Jews were found to be more closely related to groups of the Fertile Crescent (Kurds, Turks, and Armenians) than to their Arab neighbors, the geographic distribution of whose genetic signature was found to correlate with the pattern of the Islamic conquests.

Question: What looks at the entire DNA mixture?
Answer: autosomal DNA
Dalton Trumbo
James Dalton Trumbo (December 9, 1905 – September 10, 1976) was an American screenwriter and novelist who scripted many award-winning films including "Roman Holiday" (1953), "Exodus", "Spartacus" (both 1960), and "Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo" (1944). One of the Hollywood Ten, he refused to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947 during the committee's investigation of Communist influences in the motion picture industry.
Dalton Trumbo
Trumbo, the other members of the Hollywood Ten, and hundreds of other professionals in the industry were blacklisted by Hollywood. He was, however, able to continue working clandestinely on major films, writing under other authors' names or pseudonyms. His uncredited work won two Academy Awards for Best Story: for "Roman Holiday" (1953), which was presented to a front writer, and for "The Brave One" (1956), which was awarded to a pseudonym used by Trumbo. When he was given public screen credit for both "Exodus" and "Spartacus" in 1960, it marked the beginning of the end of the Hollywood Blacklist for Trumbo and other affected screenwriters. He finally was given full credit by the Writers' Guild for all his achievements, the work of which encompassed six decades of screenwriting.
Herman Wouk
His other major works include "The Winds of War" and "War and Remembrance", historical novels about World War II, and non-fiction such as "This Is My God", an explanation of Judaism from a Modern Orthodox perspective, written for Jewish and non-Jewish audiences. His books have been translated into 27 languages.
Herman Wouk
"The Washington Post" called Wouk, who cherished his privacy, "the reclusive dean of American historical novelists". Historians, novelists, publishers, and critics who gathered at the Library of Congress in 1995 to mark Wouk's 80th birthday described him as an American Tolstoy.

Question: Are Dalton Trumbo and Herman Wouk both screenwriters?
Answer: no
Eddie Cahill
Edmund Patrick Cahill (born January 15, 1978) is an American actor known for portraying "Miracle on Ice" goalie Jim Craig in the movie "Miracle", and for playing the roles of Tag Jones in "Friends" and Detective Don Flack in "." His most recent main role was as District Attorney Conner Wallace in "Conviction".
Donald Flack Jr.
Donald Flack Jr. is a fictional character on the CBS television series, "". He is portrayed by Eddie Cahill.

Question: What role is the actor who played Don Flack best known for?
Answer: Jim Craig
Copper
Polyols, compounds containing more than one alcohol functional group, generally interact with cupric salts. For example, copper salts are used to test for reducing sugars. Specifically, using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution the presence of the sugar is signaled by a color change from blue Cu(II) to reddish copper(I) oxide. Schweizer's reagent and related complexes with ethylenediamine and other amines dissolve cellulose. Amino acids form very stable chelate complexes with copper(II). Many wet-chemical tests for copper ions exist, one involving potassium ferrocyanide, which gives a brown precipitate with copper(II) salts.

Question: What are copper salts used to test?
Answer: reducing sugars