qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Cyprus
Local television companies in Cyprus include the state owned Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation which runs two television channels. In addition on the Greek side of the island there are the private channels ANT1 Cyprus, Plus TV, Mega Channel, Sigma TV, Nimonia TV (NTV) and New Extra. In Northern Cyprus, the local channels are BRT, the Turkish Cypriot equivalent to the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation, and a number of private channels. The majority of local arts and cultural programming is produced by the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation and BRT, with local arts documentaries, review programmes and filmed drama series.

Question: What is the name of a local television company in Cyprus?
Answer: Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation
Kaiser Permanente
Kaiser Permanente ( ; KP) is an American integrated managed care consortium, based in Oakland, California, United States, founded in 1945 by industrialist Henry J. Kaiser and physician Sidney Garfield. Kaiser Permanente is made up of three distinct but interdependent groups of entities: the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. (KFHP) and its regional operating subsidiaries; Kaiser Foundation Hospitals; and the regional Permanente Medical Groups. As of 2017, Kaiser Permanente operates in eight states (Hawaii, Washington, Oregon, California, Colorado, Maryland, Virginia, Georgia) and the District of Columbia, and is the largest managed care organization in the United States.
Nicholas Cummings
Cummings was Chief of Mental Health with the Kaiser Permanente Health Maintenance Organization (1959–1979) and founding president of the California School of Professional Psychology (1970). He became instrumental in the development of the Psy.D. training program for clinical psychologists when he launched the National Foundation of Professional Schools of Psychology, an alternative to the American Psychological Association for accrediting university doctoral programs in clinical psychology. In 1979, Cummings was elected president of the American Psychological Association. In 1994, he co-founded with his wife the Nicholas & Dorothy Cummings Foundation. The Foundation is dedicated to ensuring that routine healthcare includes doctoral psychotherapy. In the 2010s, they donated $5 million to the Archives of the History of American Psychology at the University of Akron (Ohio), which renamed itself the Cummings Center for the History of Psychology as a result. Cummings and his daughter Janet L. Cummings founded the Cummings Graduate Institute for Behavioral Health Studies in 2014.
Nicholas Cummings
Cummings was born in Salinas, California. At the time of his death, Cummings resided in Reno, Nevada with his wife, Dorothy Mills Cummings. They have two children and two grandchildren.

Question: In what city and state was the Chief of Mental Health (1959-1979) of the integrated managed care consortium based in Oakland, California, United Stated founded in 1945 by industrialist Henry J. Kaiser and physician Sidney Garfield, born?
Answer: Salinas, California
Gonzales v. Carhart
Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 (2007), was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court that upheld the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003. The case reached the high court after U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales appealed a ruling of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in favor of LeRoy Carhart that struck down the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. Also before the Supreme Court was the consolidated appeal of Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which had struck down the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act.
Corfield v. Coryell
Corfield v. Coryell (6 Fed. Cas. 546, no. 3,230 C.C.E.D.Pa. 1823) was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court decided by Justice Bushrod Washington, sitting by designation as a judge for the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. In it, he upheld a New Jersey regulation forbidding non-residents from gathering oysters and clams against a challenge that New Jersey's law violated the Article IV Privileges and Immunities Clause and that the New Jersey law regulated interstate commerce in violation of the Commerce Clause.
Corfield v. Coryell
The most-cited aspect of "Corfield v. Coryell" is Justice Washington's listing of the "privileges and immunities" enjoyed by citizens of the United States:The inquiry is, what are the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states? We feel no hesitation in confining these expressions to those privileges and immunities which are, in their nature, fundamental; which belong, of right, to the citizens of all free governments; and which have, at all times, been enjoyed by the citizens of the several states which compose this Union, from the time of their becoming free, independent, and sovereign. What these fundamental principles are, it would perhaps be more tedious than difficult to enumerate. They may, however, be all comprehended under the following general heads: Protection by the government; the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the right to acquire and possess property of every kind, and to pursue and obtain happiness and safety; subject nevertheless to such restraints as the government may justly prescribe for the general good of the whole.

Question: Are Corfield v. Coryell and Gonzales v. Carhart both circuit court cases?
Answer: no
Gene
The majority of eukaryotic genes are stored on a set of large, linear chromosomes. The chromosomes are packed within the nucleus in complex with storage proteins called histones to form a unit called a nucleosome. DNA packaged and condensed in this way is called chromatin. The manner in which DNA is stored on the histones, as well as chemical modifications of the histone itself, regulate whether a particular region of DNA is accessible for gene expression. In addition to genes, eukaryotic chromosomes contain sequences involved in ensuring that the DNA is copied without degradation of end regions and sorted into daughter cells during cell division: replication origins, telomeres and the centromere. Replication origins are the sequence regions where DNA replication is initiated to make two copies of the chromosome. Telomeres are long stretches of repetitive sequences that cap the ends of the linear chromosomes and prevent degradation of coding and regulatory regions during DNA replication. The length of the telomeres decreases each time the genome is replicated and has been implicated in the aging process. The centromere is required for binding spindle fibres to separate sister chromatids into daughter cells during cell division.

Question: What does the manner of DNA storage on the histone and the chemical modifications of the histone itself regulate?
Answer: whether a particular region of DNA is accessible for gene expression
Iron City Brewing Company
The Iron City Brewing Company (also known as the Pittsburgh Brewing Company) is a beer company that until August 2009 was located in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. On June 11, 2009, it was reported that the brewery was "moving" to Latrobe, Pennsylvania. That move was completed and Iron City is now produced in the former Latrobe Brewery that was once used to produce Rolling Rock.
Pittsburgh Blues Festival
The Pittsburgh Blues and Roots Festival is a music festival featuring National and Local blues musicians in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is one of the region's "marquee annual concerts." The inaugural event took place at the Riverplex at Sandcastle Waterpark, and since then has been held at Hartwood Acres Park and at the Iron City Brewing Company factory. Proceeds from the event benefit charity. The Greater Pittsburgh Community Food Bank had been the recipient of the proceeds until 2017 when Band Together Pittsburgh, a local nonprofit that teaches those on the autism spectrum all about playing, writing, recording and even DJing music. They offer programs throughout the year to help those on the spectrum learn the magic of music. It is now held yearly at The Shriners Pavilion in Cheswick, PA and is held over two days in the summer.

Question: Until when did the Pittsburgh Blues Festival used to take place in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, United States?
Answer: August 2009
Meet the Robinsons
Meet the Robinsons is a 2007 American computer-animated science fiction comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures on March 30, 2007. The 47th Disney animated feature film, it was released in standard and Disney Digital 3-D versions. The film is loosely based on characters from the children's book "A Day with Wilbur Robinson", by William Joyce. The voice cast includes Jordan Fry, Wesley Singerman, Harland Williams, Tom Kenny, Steve Anderson, Laurie Metcalf, Adam West, Tom Selleck, and Angela Bassett. It was the first film released after then-Pixar executive John Lasseter became chief creative officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios.
A Day with Wilbur Robinson
A Day with Wilbur Robinson is a 1990 children's picture book (slightly expanded for a 2006 reissue) written and illustrated by William Joyce. A film adaptation called "Meet the Robinsons" was released by Walt Disney Pictures in 2007 in the United States.

Question: In what year was the book originally published that the 47th Disney animated feature film is based on?
Answer: 1990
Royal Institute of British Architects
The content of the acts, particularly section 1 (1) of the amending act of 1938, shows the importance which was then attached to giving architects the responsibility of superintending or supervising the building works of local authorities (for housing and other projects), rather than persons professionally qualified only as municipal or other engineers. By the 1970s another issue had emerged affecting education for qualification and registration for practice as an architect, due to the obligation imposed on the United Kingdom and other European governments to comply with European Union Directives concerning mutual recognition of professional qualifications in favour of equal standards across borders, in furtherance of the policy for a single market of the European Union. This led to proposals for reconstituting ARCUK. Eventually, in the 1990s, before proceeding, the government issued a consultation paper "Reform of Architects Registration" (1994). The change of name to "Architects Registration Board" was one of the proposals which was later enacted in the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 and re-enacted as the Architects Act 1997; another was the abolition of the ARCUK Board of Architectural Education.

Question: What was the new name given to ARCUK in the '90s?
Answer: Architects Registration Board
The Unforgiving
The Unforgiving is the fifth studio album by Dutch symphonic metal band Within Temptation, released by Roadrunner Records on March 25, 2011. It was a concept album as one part of a transmedia storytelling project. The first single, "Faster", was released on January 21. The first related short film "Mother Maiden'", was released on January 31. The second short film, "Sinéad" was released on March 21, and the second single with the same name on July 15. The first issue of the comic books, "Penance, Part One", was released on March 18, 2011, and digitally released by Diamond Digital at the New York Comic Con on October 22. The second issue, "Penance, Part Two" was released on May 13. The third issue, "Penance, Part Three," was released on August 31 and the fourth issue, "Penance, Part Four", on November 2. As of November 2012, the album reportedly sold 313,790 copies exclusively on the iTunes merchandise website.
Fire and Ice (Within Temptation song)
"Fire and Ice" is a song written by Sharon den Adel, Robert Westerholt and Martijn Spierenburg for the album "The Unforgiving" (2011). The music video was released on YouTube on December 20, 2011 and it was used to promote Within Temptation's "The Unforgiving Tour" (2011-2012).

Question: Fire and Ice was a song from which fifth Within Temptation studio album?
Answer: The Unforgiving
Middle Ages
The Frankish kingdom in northern Gaul split into kingdoms called Austrasia, Neustria, and Burgundy during the 6th and 7th centuries, all of them ruled by the Merovingian dynasty, who were descended from Clovis. The 7th century was a tumultuous period of wars between Austrasia and Neustria. Such warfare was exploited by Pippin (d. 640), the Mayor of the Palace for Austrasia who became the power behind the Austrasian throne. Later members of his family inherited the office, acting as advisers and regents. One of his descendants, Charles Martel (d. 741), won the Battle of Poitiers in 732, halting the advance of Muslim armies across the Pyrenees. Great Britain was divided into small states dominated by the kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, and East Anglia which descended from the Anglo-Saxon invaders. Smaller kingdoms in present-day Wales and Scotland were still under the control of the native Britons and Picts. Ireland was divided into even smaller political units, usually known as tribal kingdoms, under the control of kings. There were perhaps as many as 150 local kings in Ireland, of varying importance.

Question: What was the title of Pippin?
Answer: Mayor of the Palace
Thujopsis
Thujopsis ( ) is a genus of conifers in the cypress family (Cupressaceae), the sole member of which is Thujopsis dolabrata. It is endemic to Japan, where it is named asunaro ( ). It is similar to the closely related genus "Thuja" (arborvitae), differing in the broader, thicker leaves and thick cones. It is also called hiba, false arborvitae, or hiba arborvitae.
Lesquerella
Lesquerella is the former name of a genus of flowering plants in the family

Question: Are Lesquerella and Thujopsis both names of a genus of flowering plants?
Answer: no
Montevideo
Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón ("Our Lady of the Sacred Heart"), also known as Iglesia Punta Carretas ("Punta Carretas Church"), was built between 1917 and 1927 in the Romanesque Revival style. The church was originally part of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, but is presently in the parish of the Ecclesiastic Curia. Its location is at the corner of Solano García and José Ellauri. It has a nave and aisles. The roof has many vaults. During the construction of the Punta Carretas Shopping complex, major cracks developed in the structure of the church as a result of differential foundation settlement.

Question: Between what years was the Iglesia Punta Carretas built?
Answer: between 1917 and 1927
Xi'an District, Liaoyuan
Xi'an District (), formerly Xi'an County, is a district of the city of Liaoyuan, Jilin Province, China.
Shouguang
Shouguang () is a county-level city in the north-central part of Shandong Province, China, situated on the southwest shore of the Laizhou Bay. Under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Weifang, it has people residing within the municipality and its surrounding towns and villages as of the 2010 Census, even though the built-up ("or metro") area is much smaller.

Question: Where are  Xi'an District, Liaoyuan and Shouguang located?
Answer: China
Dog Day Afternoon
Dog Day Afternoon is a 1975 American biographical neo-noir crime drama film directed by Sidney Lumet, written by Frank Pierson, and produced by Martin Bregman and Martin Elfand. Starring Al Pacino, John Cazale, James Broderick, and Charles Durning, it chronicles the events following a bank robbery committed by Sonny Wortzik (Pacino) and Salvatore Naturale (Cazale).
Dog Day Afternoon
Inspired by a 1972 "Life" magazine article "The Boys in the Bank" by P. F. Kluge, "Dog Day Afternoon" is largely a dramatization of the 1972 bank robbery masterminded by John Wojtowicz. Despite this, Wojtowicz claimed a number of the film's events contained inaccuracies. "Dog Day Afternoon" is notable for its anti-establishment tone, and marks the third collaboration between Pacino and Cazale, after "The Godfather". It is the final film released in Cazale's lifetime ("The Deer Hunter" was released after his death), and its title refers to the sultry "dog days" of summer.
The Dog (2013 film)
The Dog (also known as Storyville: The Great Sex Addict Heist) is a 2013 documentary film co-written and co-directed by Allison Berg and Frank Keraudren, about the real life story of bisexual bank robber John Wojtowicz that inspired the 1975 Al Pacino movie "Dog Day Afternoon" about his August 1972 attempted heist and 14-hour televised hostage situation in Brooklyn to pay for his lover's sex-reassignment surgery.

Question: Who directed the Al Pacino movie inspired by the real life story of bank robber John Wojtowicz?
Answer: Sidney Lumet
Lou Reed
Lewis Allan Reed (March 2, 1942 – October 27, 2013) was an American musician, singer, songwriter and poet. He was the guitarist, singer and principal songwriter for the rock band the Velvet Underground and had a solo career that spanned five decades. The Velvet Underground was not a commercial success during its existence, but became regarded as one of the most influential bands in the history of underground and alternative rock music.
Lou Reed
After leaving the band in 1970, Reed released twenty solo studio albums. His second, "Transformer" (1972), was produced by David Bowie and arranged by Mick Ronson, and brought him mainstream recognition. The album is considered an influential landmark of the glam rock genre, anchored by Reed's most successful single, "Walk on the Wild Side". After "Transformer", the less commercial but critically acclaimed "Berlin" peaked at No. 7 on the UK Albums Chart. "Rock 'n' Roll Animal" (a live album released in 1974) sold strongly, and "Sally Can't Dance" (1974) peaked at No. 10 on the "Billboard" 200; but for a long period after, Reed's work did not translate into sales, leading him deeper into drug addiction and alcoholism. Reed cleaned up in the early 1980s, and gradually returned to prominence with "New Sensations" (1984), reaching a critical and commercial career peak with his 1989 album "New York".
Pepper Keenan
Pepper J. Keenan (born May 8, 1967), is an American guitarist and vocalist, best known for his work with heavy metal bands Corrosion of Conformity and Down. He joined Corrosion of Conformity in 1989, but did not become the lead singer until the recording of "Deliverance" in 1994. In 1991, Keenan formed Down with Phil Anselmo of Pantera, Jimmy Bower of Eyehategod, and Kirk Windstein and Todd Strange of Crowbar.

Question: Who was born first, Pepper Keenan or Lou Reed?
Answer: Lewis Allan Reed
Star Wars (film)
Star Wars (retroactively titled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas, produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by 20th Century-Fox. It stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker and Peter Mayhew. It is the first installment of the original "Star Wars" trilogy, the first of the franchise to be produced, and the fourth episode of the "Skywalker saga".
Star Wars (film)
Lucas had the idea for a science-fiction film in the vein of "Flash Gordon" around the time he completed his first film, "THX 1138" (1971), and began working on a treatment after the release of "American Graffiti" (1973). "Star Wars" focuses on the journey of Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who along with Han Solo (Ford) and the wizened Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi (Guinness), attempt to free Rebellion leader Princess Leia (Fisher) from the clutches of the Galactic Empire and the Sith lord Darth Vader (Prowse, voiced by Jones). The heroes, in league with the Rebel Alliance, attempt to destroy the Empire's planet-destroying space station, the Death Star.
Allegiance (novel)
Choices of One is a "Star Wars" novel written by Zahn, released by Del Rey on July 19, 2011. The sequel to Zahn's 2007 novel "Allegiance", it is set between the events of the films "Star Wars: A New Hope" and "The Empire Strikes Back" and features Luke Skywalker, Princess Leia, Han Solo, Mara Jade, and the villain Nuso Esva.

Question: Choices of One is a "Star Wars" novel written by Timothy Zahn, released by Del Rey Books on July 19, 2011, the sequel to Zahn's 2007 novel "Allegiance", it is set between the events of the films, "Star Wars: A New Hope" and "The Empire Strikes Back", Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope, is an American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas, released in which year?
Answer: 1977
Haus der Geschichte
Haus der Geschichte (officially "Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland", i. e. "House of the History of the Federal Republic of Germany") is a museum of contemporary history in Bonn, Germany. With around one million visitors every year, it is one of the most popular German museums. The Haus der Geschichte is, as well as the "Zeitgeschichtliches Forum Leipzig", the "Tränenpalast" am Bahnhof Friedrichstraße and the "Museum in the Kulturbrauerei" part of the "Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Foundation". The foundation's place of business is Bonn.
Bonn
The Federal city of Bonn (] ( ) ) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About 24 km south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany's largest metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. It is famously known as the birthplace of Ludwig van Beethoven in 1770. He spent his childhood and teenage years in Bonn.

Question: Which city on the banks of the Rhine is home to a museum of contemporary history with around one million visitors every year?
Answer: Bonn
Shooter Jennings
Waylon Albright Jennings (born May 19, 1979), known professionally as Shooter Jennings, is an American singer, songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. The only son of country music singers Waylon Jennings and Jessi Colter, he has been active since 1996, releasing seven albums and numerous EPs. He also has made some appearances and cameos in films. Jennings is active mainly in outlaw country and Southern rock genres.
Shooter Jennings
Jennings made his debut with the single "4th of July" of his 2005 album "Put the "O" Back in Country" on Universal South, which peaked at No. 22 on the Billboard country charts. Jennings has since followed with six more full-length studio albums: "Electric Rodeo" (2006), "The Wolf" (2007), "Black Ribbons" (2009), "Family Man" (2012), "The Other Life" (2013) and "Countach (For Giorgio)" (2016), in addition to a live album, a compilation, and numerous EPs.
Black Country Rock Media
Black Country Rock Media is an American independent multiple format recording record label owned by Shooter Jennings. Black Country Rock began in 2010 as a brand label for Shooter Jennings 2010 album Black Ribbons and evolved into a full record label with offices in Nashville, Tennessee and Los Angeles, California. 
Black Country Rock Media
Black Country Rock media's official mission statement is that "BCR does not discriminate against formats and will release music, film and other creative projects by way of vinyl, compact disc, cassette tape, digital download, DVD, VHS and more. BCR fearlessly embraces and supports both the continuing accessibility of the technology of the present and also the preservation of tangible goods, no matter their age or obscurity."

Question: What son of Waylon Jennings owns Black Country Rock Media?
Answer: Shooter Jennings
Henri van Booven
Hendrik Cornelis Alexander (Henri) van Booven (17 July 1877 in Haarlem – 31 January 1964 in The Hague) was a Dutch writer and journalist. His most successful work was the novel Tropenwee (1904) ('Tropical agony'): a thinly veiled autobiographical literary report of a mission to Congo in 1898, somewhat similar to Heart of Darkness.
Heart of Darkness
Heart of Darkness (1899) is a novella by Polish-English novelist Joseph Conrad about a narrated voyage up the Congo River into the Congo Free State in the "Heart of Africa". Charles Marlow, the narrator, tells his story to friends aboard a boat anchored on the River Thames. This setting provides the frame for Marlow's story of his obsession with the successful ivory trader Kurtz. Conrad offers parallels between London ("the greatest town on earth") and Africa as places of darkness.

Question: Henri van Gooven's most successful work was the novel Tropenwee, which was similar to a novella by Joseph Conrad, about a voyage up what river?
Answer: Congo River
Blood Diamond
Blood Diamond is a 2006 political war thriller film co-produced and directed by Edward Zwick and starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Jennifer Connelly, and Djimon Hounsou. The title refers to blood diamonds, which are diamonds mined in war zones and sold to finance conflicts, and thereby profit warlords and diamond companies across the world.
James Newton Howard
James Newton Howard (born June 9, 1951) is an American composer, conductor, and music producer. He has scored over 100 films and is the recipient of a Grammy Award, Emmy Award, and eight Academy Award nominations. His film scores include "Pretty Woman" (1990), "Grand Canyon" (1991), "The Fugitive" (1993), "Junior" (1994), "Restoration" (1995), "One Fine Day" (1996), "Space Jam" (1996), "The Devil's Advocate" (1997), "Dinosaur" (2000), "" (2001), "Treasure Planet" (2002), "King Kong" (2005), "Batman Begins" (2005), "Blood Diamond" (2006), "The Dark Knight" (2008), "The Bourne Legacy" (2012), "The Hunger Games" series (2012–2015), "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them" (2016), and "" (2018). He has collaborated with directors M. Night Shyamalan, having scored nine of his films since "The Sixth Sense"; Christopher Nolan, having collaborated with Hans Zimmer on "The Dark Knight" Trilogy, excluding "The Dark Knight Rises"; Peter Jackson, composing the score for his 2005 remake of "King Kong"; and Francis Lawrence, having scored all of his films since "I Am Legend".

Question: James Newton Howard, is an American composer, conductor, music producer and musician, his film scores include  Blood Diamond, released in which year, a German-American political war thriller film co-produced and directed by Edward Zwick?
Answer: 2006
Troy Aikman
Troy Kenneth Aikman (born November 21, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for the Dallas Cowboys in the National Football League (NFL). The first overall pick of the 1989 NFL Draft, Aikman played 12 consecutive seasons as the starting quarterback with the Cowboys, the most number of seasons by any Cowboy quarterback. During his career he was a six-time Pro Bowl selection, led the team to three Super Bowl victories, and was the MVP of Super Bowl XXVII. Aikman was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006 and to the College Football Hall of Fame on December 9, 2008 in New York City.
Mark Tuinei
Mark Pulemau Tuinei (March 31, 1960 – May 6, 1999) was an American football offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys. Known as a "gentle giant", his career lasted for 15 years (1983–1997) and his ability to protect quarterback Troy Aikman and to run-block for running back Emmitt Smith helped them win Super Bowls in 1992, 1993, and 1995 and the NFC East Division in 1985 and 1992-96. He was also selected for the Pro Bowl in 1994 and 1995.

Question: What is the birthdate of this former American football quarterback who played for the Dallas Cowboys and who was protected by his offensive tackle Mark Tuinei?
Answer: November 21, 1966
Thirty Meter Telescope
Scientists have been considering ELTs since the mid 1980s. In 2000, astronomers considered the possibility of a telescope with a light-gathering mirror larger than 20 meters in diameter. The technology to build a mirror larger than 8.4 meters does not exist; instead scientists considered using either small segments that create one large mirror, or a grouping of larger 8-meter mirrors working as one unit. The US National Academy of Sciences recommended a 30-meter telescope be the focus of U.S. interests, seeking to see it built within the decade. Scientists at the University of California and Caltech began development of a design that would eventually become the TMT, consisting of a 492-segment primary mirror with nine times the power of the Keck Observatory. Due to its immense light-gathering power and the optimal observing conditions which exist atop Mauna Kea, the TMT would enable astronomers to conduct research which is infeasible with current instruments. The TMT is designed for near-ultraviolet to mid-infrared (0.31 to 28 μm wavelengths) observations, featuring adaptive optics to assist in correcting image blur. The TMT will be at the highest altitude of all the proposed ELTs. The telescope has government-level support from several nations.
Thirty Meter Telescope
Demonstrations attracted press coverage after October 2014, when construction was temporarily halted due to a blockade of the roadway. While construction of the telescope was set to resume on April 2 and later on June 24, 2015, it was blocked by further protests each time. In 2015, Governor David Ige announced several changes to the management of Mauna Kea, including a requirement that the TMT's site will be the last new site on Mauna Kea to be developed for a telescope. The Board of Land and Natural Resources approved the TMT project, but the Supreme Court of Hawaii invalidated the building permits in December 2015, ruling that the board had not followed due process. On October 30, 2018, the Court approved the resumption of construction, and Hawaii Gov. David Ige announced that construction would resume the week of July 15, 2019.
United Kingdom Infrared Telescope
The United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope (UKIRT) is a 3.8 metre (150 inch) infrared reflecting telescope, the second largest dedicated infrared (1 to 30 micrometres) telescope in the world. It is located on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i as part of Mauna Kea Observatory. Until 2014 it was operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre in Hilo. It was owned by the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council. UKIRT is currently being funded by NASA and operated under scientific cooperation between Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, the University of Hawaii, and the U. S. Naval Observatory. The telescope is set to be decommissioned after completion of the Thirty Meter Telescope as part of the Mauna Kea Comprehensive Management Plan.

Question: Which telescope's completion in the state of Hawaii will mark the decommission of the Unite Kingdom Infrared Telescope?
Answer: Thirty Meter Telescope
Sestertius
The sestertius (plural sestertii), or sesterce (plural sesterces), was an ancient Roman coin. During the Roman Republic it was a small, silver coin issued only on rare occasions. During the Roman Empire it was a large brass coin.
Upchurch Hoard
The Upchurch Hoard was a pot containing thirty-seven Roman sestertii dating from the late 1st century to the second half of the 2nd century AD found near the village of Upchurch, Kent, England, in 1950.

Question: What pot containing thirty-seven ancient Roman coins issued on rare occasions? 
Answer: Upchurch Hoard
Molly Ringwald
Molly Kathleen Ringwald (born February 18, 1968) is an American actress, singer, and author. She was cast in her first major role as Molly in the NBC sitcom "The Facts of Life" (1979–80) after a casting director saw her playing an orphan in a stage production of the musical "Annie". She and several other members of the original "Facts of Life" cast were let go when the show was reworked by the network. She subsequently made her motion picture debut in the independent film "Tempest" (1982), which earned her a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. Ringwald is known for her collaborations with filmmaker John Hughes, having appeared in three of his films.
Strike It Rich (1990 film)
Strike It Rich is a 1990 romantic comedy film directed by James Scott, who also adapted the screenplay based on the 1955 novella "Loser Takes All" by Graham Greene, and starring Robert Lindsay, Molly Ringwald, and John Gielgud.

Question: Which recognition did Robert Lindsay's co-star in Strike it Rich achieve in 1982 ?
Answer: a Golden Globe nomination
Donovan
Donovan Philips Leitch (born 10 May 1946) is a Scottish singer, songwriter and guitarist. He developed an eclectic and distinctive style that blended folk, jazz, pop, psychedelia, and world music (notably calypso). He has lived in Scotland, Hertfordshire (England), London, California, and since at least 2008 in County Cork, Ireland, with his family. Emerging from the British folk scene, Donovan reached fame in the United Kingdom in early 1965 with live performances on the pop TV series "Ready Steady Go!".
Hey Gyp (Dig the Slowness)
"Hey Gyp (Dig the Slowness)" is a song by Donovan. He based it on "Can I Do It For You", a song by Memphis Minnie and Kansas Joe McCoy. The name "Gyp" refers to Donovan's best friend, Gyp Mills, known then as Gypsy Dave, and is one of many songs that Donovan wrote and recorded as a dedication to his close friends.

Question: Which Scottish singer, songwriter, and guitarist included calypso music in his influences and wrote the song Hey Gyp?
Answer: Donovan
The Blitz
On 9 September the "OKL" appeared to be backing two strategies. Its round-the-clock bombing of London was an immediate attempt to force the British government to capitulate, but it was also striking at Britain's vital sea communications to achieve a victory through siege. Although the weather was poor, heavy raids took place that afternoon on the London suburbs and the airfield at Farnborough. The day's fighting cost Kesselring and "Luftflotte 2" (Air Fleet 2) 24 aircraft, including 13 Bf 109s. Fighter Command lost 17 fighters and six pilots. Over the next few days weather was poor and the next main effort would not be made until 15 September 1940.

Question: What caused the delay in the effort?
Answer: weather was poor
Green
Lasers emitting in the green part of the spectrum are widely available to the general public in a wide range of output powers. Green laser pointers outputting at 532nm (563.5 THz) are relatively inexpensive compared to other wavelengths of the same power, and are very popular due to their good beam quality and very high apparent brightness. The most common green lasers use diode pumped solid state (DPSS) technology to create the green light. An infrared laser diode at 808nm is used to pump a crystal of neodymium-doped yttrium vanadium oxide (Nd:YVO4) or neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) and induces it to emit 281.76 THz (1064 nm). This deeper infrared light is then passed through another crystal containing potassium, titanium and phosphorus (KTP), whose non-linear properties generate light at a frequency that is twice that of the incident beam (563.5 THz); in this case corresponding to the wavelength of 532nm ("green"). Other green wavelengths are also available using DPSS technology ranging from 501 nm to 543 nm. Green wavelengths are also available from gas lasers, including the helium–neon laser (543nm), the Argon-ion laser (514nm) and the Krypton-ion laser (521nm and 531nm), as well as liquid dye lasers. Green lasers have a wide variety of applications, including pointing, illumination, surgery, laser light shows, spectroscopy, interferometry, fluorescence, holography, machine vision, non-lethal weapons and bird control.

Question: What type of technology is used in the most common green lasers?
Answer: diode pumped solid state
Genocide
The judges continue in paragraph 12, "The determination of when the targeted part is substantial enough to meet this requirement may involve a number of considerations. The numeric size of the targeted part of the group is the necessary and important starting point, though not in all cases the ending point of the inquiry. The number of individuals targeted should be evaluated not only in absolute terms, but also in relation to the overall size of the entire group. In addition to the numeric size of the targeted portion, its prominence within the group can be a useful consideration. If a specific part of the group is emblematic of the overall group, or is essential to its survival, that may support a finding that the part qualifies as substantial within the meaning of Article 4 [of the Tribunal's Statute]."

Question: What is the key aspect of the targeted part of the group at the starting point of the inquiry? 
Answer: The numeric size
Lee Chapman
Lee Roy Chapman (born 5 December 1959) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker from 1978 until 1996, in which he scored almost 200 first-team goals.
Roy Chapman
Roy Clifford Chapman (18 March 1934 – 21 March 1983) was an English professional footballer and manager, born in Birmingham. He was the father of former Arsenal and Leeds United striker Lee Chapman.

Question: What nationality are both Roy Champan and Lee Chapman?
Answer: English
Kaizers Orchestra
Kaizers Orchestra was a Norwegian alternative rock band formed on 1 January 2000. They are notable for being among the first non-black metal Norwegian artists singing in their native language to become popular beyond Scandinavia. To other Norwegians, the band is instantly recognizable both because of their unique, unpredictable style, and because of vocalist Ottesen's distinctive Jæren dialect, shared by four of the other band members.
The Smithereens
The Smithereens are an American rock band from Carteret, New Jersey, United States. The group formed in 1980 with members Pat DiNizio (vocals & guitar), Jim Babjak (guitar & vocals), Mike Mesaros (bass guitar & vocals), and Dennis Diken (drums & percussion). This original lineup continued until 2006, when Mesaros left the band and Severo Jornacion took over on bass guitar until Mesaros' return in 2016. After DiNizio died in 2017, the band continued performing live shows as a trio (Babjak, Mesaros and Diken) with various guest vocalists.

Question: What band was formed earlier, Kaizers Orchestra or The Smithereens?
Answer: The Smithereens
Seven Years' War
Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia and Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army marched in three columns. On the right was a column of about 15,000 men under the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. On the left was a column of 18,000 men under the command of the Duke of Brunswick-Bevern. In the centre was Frederick II, himself with Field Marshal James Keith commanding a corps of 30,000 troops. Ferdinand of Brunswick was to close in on the town of Chemnitz. The Duke of Brunswick-Bevern was to traverse Lusatia to close in on Bautzen. Meanwhile, Frederick and Keith would make for Dresden.

Question: Describe the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick.
Answer: a column of about 15,000 men
Georges Rouault
Georges Henri Rouault (] ; 27 May 1871, Paris – 13 February 1958) was a French painter, draughtsman, and print artist, whose work is often associated with Fauvism and Expressionism.
Jules Flandrin
Jules Flandrin (1871-1947) was a French painter, printer and draughtsman. He was a pupil of Gustave Moreau. He was a contemporary of Henri Matisse, Georges Rouault, Albert Marquet, Henri Evenepoel and Léon Printemps. He became somewhat famous for being fairly conformist early in his career but later in life he made more emotional and less widely known art. His experiences during World War I shaped the rest of his life and artistic career. He was awarded the Légion d'honneur in 1912.

Question: Jules Flandrin was a contemporary of what famous French painter known for work associated with Fauvism and Expressionism?
Answer: Georges Rouault
Gregorian calendar
Lilius's proposal included reducing the number of leap years in four centuries from 100 to 97, by making three out of four centurial years common instead of leap years. He also produced an original and practical scheme for adjusting the epacts of the Moon when calculating the annual date of Easter, solving a long-standing obstacle to calendar reform.

Question: What was calculated using the lunar calendar?
Answer: date of Easter
From Russia with Love (film)
From Russia with Love is a 1963 spy film and the second in the "James Bond" series produced by Eon Productions, as well as Sean Connery's second role as MI6 agent James Bond. It was directed by Terence Young, produced by Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman, and written by Richard Maibaum and Johanna Harwood, based on Ian Fleming's similarly named 1957 novel. In the film, Bond is sent to assist in the defection of Soviet consulate clerk Tatiana Romanova in Turkey, where SPECTRE plans to avenge Bond's killing of Dr. No.
Harry Saltzman: Showman
Harry Saltzman: Showman is a promotional featurette about producer Harry Saltzman, containing interviews with surviving film professionals of the first 10 James Bond production crews as well as with Saltzman's family. Produced by MGM, it is included on DVD releases of that company's "From Russia with Love".

Question: Harry Saltzman: Showman was included on DVD releases of the spy film produced by what company?
Answer: Eon Productions
Steven Spielberg
His next directorial feature was the "Raiders" prequel "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom". Teaming up once again with Lucas and Ford, the film was plagued with uncertainty for the material and script. This film and the Spielberg-produced "Gremlins" led to the creation of the PG-13 rating due to the high level of violence in films targeted at younger audiences. In spite of this, "Temple of Doom" is rated PG by the MPAA, even though it is often considered the darkest and, possibly, most violent of the Indiana Jones films. Nonetheless, the film was still a huge blockbuster hit in 1984. It was on this project that Spielberg also met his future wife, actress Kate Capshaw.

Question: Why did Gremlins need 'PG-13'?
Answer: the high level of violence in films targeted at younger audiences
Zinc
The name of the metal was probably first documented by Paracelsus, a Swiss-born German alchemist, who referred to the metal as "zincum" or "zinken" in his book "Liber Mineralium II", in the 16th century. The word is probably derived from the German , and supposedly meant "tooth-like, pointed or jagged" (metallic zinc crystals have a needle-like appearance). "Zink" could also imply "tin-like" because of its relation to German "zinn" meaning tin. Yet another possibility is that the word is derived from the Persian word "seng" meaning stone. The metal was also called Indian tin, tutanego, calamine, and spinter.

Question: Why would zinc possibly be derived from the German word zinke?
Answer: metallic zinc crystals have a needle-like appearance
Gauriprasanna Mazumder
Gauriprasanna Majumdar (1924–1986) was an Indian lyricist and writer, known for his work in Bengali cinema. He is most commonly associated with the black and white era of Bengali cinema, when he penned several enduring classics for the films Anyay Abichar, Maqsad, Tinmurti, Aparupa, Anusandhan, and Aaj Ka Mahatma. He won the Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards for best lyricist for Swaralipi (1962), Palatak (1964), Anthony Firingee (1968), Bon Palashir Padabali (1974), Sanyasi Raja (1976) and Anurager Chhoan (1987, posthumously).
Swaralipi
Swaralipi (Akar Matrik Swaralipi ) is any system used in sheet music in order to represent aurally perceived music through the use of written notes for Indian classical music.

Question: Gauriprasanna Mazumder won an award from what association for best lyricist in any system used in sheet music in order to represent aurally perceived music through the use of written for Indian classical music?
Answer: Bengal Film Journalists' Association
Melbourne Cup
The Melbourne Cup is Australia's most famous annual Thoroughbred horse race. It is a 3200-metre race for three-year-olds and over, conducted by the Victoria Racing Club on the Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Victoria as part of the Melbourne Spring Racing Carnival. It is the richest "two-mile" handicap in the world and one of the richest turf races. The event starts at 3:00 pm on the first Tuesday of November and is known locally as "the race that stops the nation".
Archer (horse)
Archer (1856–1872) was an Australian Thoroughbred racehorse who won the first and the second Melbourne Cups in 1861 and 1862. He won both Cups easily, and is one of only five horses to win the Melbourne Cup twice or more; he is one of only four horses to win two successive Cups. In 2017 Archer was inducted to the Australian Racing Hall of Fame.

Question: Which group conducts the Australia's annual Thoroughbred horse race in which the Archer won in the 1860s? 
Answer: Victoria Racing Club
Avicenna
In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.

Question: What superpower in 1980 created a stamp in honor of Avicenna?
Answer: the Soviet Union
Yale University
Other examples of the Gothic (also called neo-Gothic and collegiate Gothic) style are on [[Old Campus]] by such architects as [[Henry Austin (architect)|Henry Austin]], [[Charles C. Haight]] and [[Russell Sturgis]]. Several are associated with members of the [[Vanderbilt family]], including Vanderbilt Hall, Phelps Hall, [[St. Anthony Hall]] (a commission for member [[Frederick William Vanderbilt]]), the Mason, Sloane and Osborn laboratories, dormitories for the [[Sheffield Scientific School]] (the engineering and sciences school at Yale until 1956) and elements of [[Silliman College]], the largest residential college.

Question: What is the largest residential college?
Answer: Silliman College
Communication
Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. Recent research has shown that most of the microorganism plant communication processes are neuron-like. Plants also communicate via volatiles when exposed to herbivory attack behavior, thus warning neighboring plants. In parallel they produce other volatiles to attract parasites which attack these herbivores.

Question: What part of a plant communicates with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil?
Answer: roots
Arena Football League
In 2012, the AFL celebrated its silver anniversary for its 25th season of operations. The season kicked off on March 9, 2012. The Tulsa Talons moved to San Antonio, Texas, and Jeffrey Vinik became owner of the Tampa Bay Storm. The Dallas Vigilantes were left off the schedule for the 2012 season with no announcement from the management, and the team was subsequently quietly folded with no formal announcement ever being released. The AFL postponed the free agency period to October 31 due to Hurricane Sandy, noting that the National Football League was simultaneously doing the same thing with regard to its trade deadline.

Question: What anniversary did the Arena Football League celebrate in 2012?
Answer: 25th
Royal Institute of British Architects
The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by Wright & Wright. The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free learning programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre.

Question: In what year did the Royal Institute's Reading Rooms open?
Answer: 2004