qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Adolescence
In 1989, Troiden proposed a four-stage model for the development of homosexual sexual identity. The first stage, known as sensitization, usually starts in childhood, and is marked by the child's becoming aware of same-sex attractions. The second stage, identity confusion, tends to occur a few years later. In this stage, the youth is overwhelmed by feelings of inner turmoil regarding their sexual orientation, and begins to engage in sexual experiences with same-sex partners. In the third stage of identity assumption, which usually takes place a few years after the adolescent has left home, adolescents begin to come out to their family and close friends, and assumes a self-definition as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. In the final stage, known as commitment, the young adult adopts their sexual identity as a lifestyle. Therefore, this model estimates that the process of coming out begins in childhood, and continues through the early to mid 20s. This model has been contested, and alternate ideas have been explored in recent years.

Question: In what year did Troiden propose a four-stage model for the development of homosexual sexual identity?
Answer: 1989
Monti della Meta
The Monti della Meta are a massif of central Italy located around the junction point of the boundaries between the regions of Lazio, Abruzzo and Molise. The major of three massifs of the Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise, they take their name from one of the peaks, Monte Meta. 
Abruzzo
Abruzzo ( , , ] ; "Abbrùzze" ] , "Abbrìzze" ] or "Abbrèzze" ] in Neapolitan Abruzzese; ) or Abruzzi is a region of Southern Italy with an area of 10,763 square km (4,156 sq mi) and a population of 1.3 million. It is divided into four provinces: L'Aquila, Teramo, Pescara, and Chieti. Its western border lies 80 km east of Rome. Abruzzo borders the region of Marche to the north, Lazio to the west and south-west, Molise to the south-east, and the Adriatic Sea to the east. Geographically, Abruzzo is divided into a mountainous area in the west, which includes the Gran Sasso d'Italia, and a coastal area in the east with beaches on the Adriatic Sea.
Abruzzo
Abruzzo is considered a region of Southern Italy in terms of its culture, language, history and economy, although geographically it may also be considered central. The Italian Statistical Authority (ISTAT) also deems it to be part of Southern Italy, partly because of Abruzzo's historic association with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

Question: Monti della Meta are located between the region thathas an area of how many square km?
Answer: 10,763
Shakib Al Hasan
Shakib Al Hasan ( ; born 24 March 1987) is a Bangladeshi international cricketer who was consistently ICC's no.1 all rounder in all three formats of the game for a decade. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest all-rounders of all time. He was ranked as the 2nd most valuable player of the century according to Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. He was also ranked as one of the world's most famous athletes by ESPN World Fame 100 in 2019.
Shakib Al Hasan
His aggressive left-handed batting style in the middle order, controlled slow left-arm orthodox bowling, and athletic fielding has helped him win trophies in top leagues across the world.
English cricket team in Bangladesh in 2009–10
The England cricket team toured Bangladesh at the end of the 2009–10 cricket season, playing three One Day Internationals (ODI) and two Test matches. Regular England captain Andrew Strauss controversially missed the tour to rest for the 2010–11 Ashes series, so the team was led for the first time by Alastair Cook. Bangladesh were captained by all-rounder Shakib Al Hasan.

Question: Who led the England cricket team during the 2009-10 tour to Bangladesh, where regular England captain Andrew Strauss controversially missed the tour and Bangladesh was captained by the current Twenty20 International captain as of April 2017 who is well known for his aggressive batting, controlled bowling and athletic fielding?
Answer: Alastair Cook
MIDI
MIDI ( ; an acronym for Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors that connect a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers, and related audio devices for playing, editing and recording music. The specification originates in a paper published by Dave Smith and Chet Wood then of Sequential Circuits at the October 1981 Audio Engineering Society conference in New York City then titled "Universal Synthesizer Interface." 
MIDI
A single MIDI link through a MIDI cable can carry up to sixteen channels of information, each of which can be routed to a separate device or instrument. This could be sixteen different digital instruments, for example. MIDI carries event messages; data that specify the instructions for music, including a note's notation, pitch, velocity (which is heard typically as loudness or softness of volume); vibrato; panning to the right or left of stereo; and clock signals (which set tempo). When a musician plays a MIDI instrument, all of the key presses, button presses, knob turns and slider changes are converted into MIDI data. One common MIDI application is to play a MIDI keyboard or other controller and use it to trigger a digital sound module (which contains synthesized musical sounds) to generate sounds, which the audience hears produced by a keyboard amplifier. MIDI data can be transferred via MIDI or USB cable, or recorded to a sequencer or digital audio workstation to be edited or played back. 
Synthestration
Synthestration is the art of arranging music in MIDI for playback by computers triggering either synthesizers, or samplers, in order to emulate an orchestral recording.

Question: Synthestration is the art of arranging music in a technical standard in which a single link can carry up to sixteen what?
Answer: channels of information
Pat Toomey
Patrick Joseph Toomey Jr. (born November 17, 1961) is an American businessman and politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Pennsylvania since 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he served three terms as the U.S. Representative for Pennsylvania 's congressional district , from 1999 to 2005; to honor a pledge he had made while running for office in 1998, he did not seek a fourth term.
GrassrootsPA
GrassrootsPA is a political news website centered on the politics of Pennsylvania. It was founded in 2004 by then law student Chris Lilik, a Pat Toomey supporter and became a "must-click resource" for Pennsylvania's conservative community. Even though Toomey lost that race, the website continued as a gathering place for conservatives and Specter's foes. The website also gained mainstream media attention as a source of breaking political news. Political commentator Chris Bravacos noted that GrassrootsPA attracted significantly higher readership than the official websites for the two major political parties.

Question: What political news website was set up by a supporter of a politician who served in Pennsylvania's House of Representatives from 1999 to 2005?
Answer: GrassrootsPA
Billie Letts
Billie Dean Letts (née Gipson; May 30, 1938 – August 2, 2014) was an American novelist and educator. She was a professor at Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
Studs Terkel
Louis "Studs" Terkel (May 16, 1912 – October 31, 2008) was an American author, historian, actor, and broadcaster. He received the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction in 1985 for "The Good War" and is best remembered for his oral histories of common Americans, and for hosting a long-running radio show in Chicago.

Question: Were Studs Terkel and Billie Letts of the same nationality?
Answer: yes
Frank Roman
Frank Roman (March 3, 1877 in Italy – December 19, 1928 in Atlanta, Georgia) was a musician, composer, and band director of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band at the Georgia Institute of Technology from 1913 to 1929. He is most known for his arrangement of Georgia Tech's fight song, Ramblin' Wreck from Georgia Tech, which he copyrighted in 1919.
Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band
The Georgia Tech Yellow Jacket Marching Band (also known as the Marching Yellow Jackets) is the official marching band of the Georgia Institute of Technology. Founded in 1908 by a group of 14 students, the Georgia Tech Band is one of the school's oldest student organizations.

Question: What Marching band is the official marching band of the Georgia Institute of Technology and directed by Frank Roman?
Answer: Yellow Jacket Marching Band
Lotte Lenya
Lotte Lenya (born Karoline Wilhelmine Charlotte Blamauer; 18 October 1898 – 27 November 1981) was an Austrian-American chanteuse, diseuse, and actress, long based in the United States. In the German-speaking and classical music world, she is best remembered for her performances of the songs of her first husband, Kurt Weill. In English-language cinema, she was nominated for an Academy Award for her role as a jaded aristocrat in "The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone" (1961). She also played the murderous and sadistic Rosa Klebb in the James Bond movie "From Russia with Love" (1963).
Rosa Klebb
Colonel Rosa Klebb is a fictional character, the main antagonist in the James Bond 1957 novel and 1963 film "From Russia with Love". She is a lesbian in the film, played by Lotte Lenya. Her name is a pun on the popular Soviet phrase for women's rights, "khleb i rozy" (Cyrillic: хлеб и розы), which in turn was a direct Russian translation of the internationally used labour union slogan "bread and roses".

Question: What is the name of the actress who played both the jaded aristocrat in "The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone" and the murderous Colonel Rosa Kleb in "From Russian with Love".
Answer: Lotte Lenya
Hallvard Graatop
Hallvard Graatop was a Norwegian rebel leader who fought against Erik of Pomerania. The name "Graatop", meaning "Gray-top" is probably a "nom de guerre", possibly referring to gray hair or a gray hood (as a wanted outlaw, he may have concealed his face). Graatop's true identity is unknown. Popular stories in the Telemark area claim him to be "Lord" Hallvard Torbjørnsen of Roaldstad (later known as Vrålstad) farm, grandfather of Aslaug Torbjørnsdatter Vrålstad (herself an ancestor of Queen Sonja of Norway and Andrew Volstead), but this is disputed (see "Controversy", below).
Andrew Volstead
Andrew John Volstead (October 31, 1860 – January 20, 1947) was an American member of the United States House of Representatives from Minnesota, 1903–1923, and a member of the Republican Party. His name is closely associated with the National Prohibition Act of 1919, usually called the Volstead Act. The act was the enabling legislation for the enforcement of Prohibition in the United States beginning in 1920.

Question: A Norwegian rebel leader has associations with which 1919 United States act?
Answer: National Prohibition Act of 1919
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War ( ; , "Japanese-Russian War") was fought during 1904 and 1905 between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea. The major theatres of operations were the Liaodong Peninsula and Mukden in Southern Manchuria and the seas around Korea, Japan and the Yellow Sea.
Fourth Army (Japan)
The was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army based in Manchukuo from the Russo-Japanese War until the end of World War II.

Question: What areas were fought over in the war fought by the Japanese Fourth Army?
Answer: Manchuria and Korea
Andrea Riseborough
Andrea Louise Riseborough (born 20 November 1981) is an English actress. She made her film debut in "Venus" (2006), and has subsequently appeared in "Happy-Go-Lucky" (2008), "Never Let Me Go", "Brighton Rock", "Made in Dagenham" (all 2010), "W.E." (2011), "Shadow Dancer", "Disconnect" (both 2012), "Welcome to the Punch", "Oblivion" (both 2013), "Birdman" (2014), "Nocturnal Animals" (2016), "Battle of the Sexes" and "The Death of Stalin" (both 2017) and "Mandy" (2018).
Shadow Dancer (film)
Shadow Dancer is a 2012 British-Irish drama film directed by James Marsh and scripted by Tom Bradby, based on his novel of the same name. The film premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and was screened out of competition at the 62nd Berlin International Film Festival in February 2012.

Question: Which of Andrea Louise Riseborough's film appearances included a film that premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival?
Answer: Shadow Dancer
Quran
The Quranic text seems to have no beginning, middle, or end, its nonlinear structure being akin to a web or net. The textual arrangement is sometimes considered to exhibit lack of continuity, absence of any chronological or thematic order and repetitiousness. Michael Sells, citing the work of the critic Norman O. Brown, acknowledges Brown's observation that the seeming disorganization of Quranic literary expression—its scattered or fragmented mode of composition in Sells's phrase—is in fact a literary device capable of delivering profound effects as if the intensity of the prophetic message were shattering the vehicle of human language in which it was being communicated. Sells also addresses the much-discussed repetitiveness of the Quran, seeing this, too, as a literary device.

Question: What is lacking in the arrangement of the Quranic text?
Answer: continuity
Gothic Line
The Gothic Line ( ; ) was a German defensive line of the Italian Campaign of World War II. It formed Field Marshal Albert Kesselring's last major line of defence along the summits of the northern part of the Apennine Mountains during the fighting retreat of the German forces in Italy against the Allied Armies in Italy, commanded by General Sir Harold Alexander.
Battle of Tarawa
The Battle of Tarawa was a battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that was fought on 20–23 November 1943. It took place at the Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands, and was part of Operation Galvanic, the U.S. invasion of the Gilberts. Nearly 6,400 Japanese, Koreans, and Americans died in the fighting, mostly on and around the small island of Betio, in the extreme southwest of Tarawa Atoll.

Question: Were Gothic Line and Battle of Tarawa part of the same war?
Answer: yes
Arsenal F.C.
For many years Arsenal's away colours were white or navy blue. However, in 1968 the FA banned navy shirts (they looked too similar to referees' black kit) so in the 1969–70 season, Arsenal introduced an away kit of yellow shirts with blue shorts. This kit was worn in the 1971 FA Cup Final as Arsenal beat Liverpool to secure the double for the first time in their history. The yellow and blue strip became almost as famous as their iconic red and white home kit. Arsenal reached the FA Cup final again the following year wearing the red and white home strip and were beaten by Leeds United. Arsenal then competed in three consecutive FA Cup finals between 1978 and 1980 wearing their "lucky" yellow and blue strip, which remained the club's away strip until the release of a green and navy away kit in 1982–83. The following season, Arsenal returned to the yellow and blue scheme, albeit with a darker shade of blue than before.

Question: For what competition did Arsenal use the yellow and blue away kit?
Answer: 1971 FA Cup Final
Cloud Atlas (film)
Cloud Atlas is a 2012 epic science fiction film written and directed by the Wachowskis and Tom Tykwer. Adapted from the 2004 novel of the same name by David Mitchell, the film has multiple plots occurring during six different eras in time; Mitchell described it as "a sort of pointillist mosaic." Tom Hanks, Halle Berry, and Jim Broadbent star as part of an ensemble cast.
Bae Doona
Bae Doona (; ] ; born October 11, 1979) is a South Korean actress and photographer. She became known outside Korea for her roles as a political activist in Park Chan-wook's "Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance" (2002), archer Park Nam-joo in Bong Joon-ho's "The Host" (2006), and as an inflatable sex doll-come-to-life in Hirokazu Kore-eda's "Air Doll" (2009). She has had English-speaking roles in the Wachowski films "Cloud Atlas" (2012) and "Jupiter Ascending" (2015), and their TV series "Sense8" (2015–2018). Her latest work is on a Netflix period zombie thriller "Kingdom" (2019–present).

Question: Who directed a film starring Bae Doo-Na with The Wachowskis?
Answer: Tom Tykwer
Kai Hansen
Kai Michael Hansen (born January 17, 1963) is a heavy metal guitarist and vocalist.
Peter Steele
Petrus Thomas Ratajczyk (January 4, 1962 – April 14, 2010), known professionally as Peter Steele, was an American musician and songwriter. He was best known as the lead singer, bassist and composer of the gothic metal band Type O Negative. Before forming Type O Negative, Steele had created the metal group Fallout and the thrash band Carnivore.

Question: Are Kai Hansen and Peter Steele both vocalists?
Answer: yes
Madrasa
Much of the study in the college centred on examining whether certain opinions of law were orthodox. This scholarly process of "determining orthodoxy began with a question which the Muslim layman, called in that capacity " ", presented to a jurisconsult, called "mufti", soliciting from him a response, called "fatwa", a legal opinion (the religious law of Islam covers civil as well as religious matters). The "mufti" (professor of legal opinions) took this question, studied it, researched it intensively in the sacred scriptures, in order to find a solution to it. This process of scholarly research was called "", literally, the exertion of one's efforts to the utmost limit."

Question: What type of matters are covered through Islamic law?
Answer: civil as well as religious
Sunanda Devi
Nanda Devi East ( ) locally known as Sunanda Devi is the lower of the two adjacent peaks of the highest mountain in Uttarakhand and second highest mountain in India; Nanda Devi is its higher twin peak. Nanda Devi and Nanda Devi East are part of the Garhwal Himalayas, and are located in the state of Uttarakhand. The graceful peaks of twin mountains are visible from almost everywhere in Kumaon. The first ascent to Nanda Devi East peak in recorded history appears to be in 1939 by Jakub Bujak and Janusz Klarner. The elevation of Nanda Devi East is 7434 m and its prominence is 260 m .
Khartaphu
Khartaphu (also Kardapu) is a mountain in the Himalayas of Asia at the head of the Kharta valley. At 7213 m above sea level, it is the 102nd highest mountain in the world. The peak is located in Tibet Autonomous Region, China about 7 km northeast of Mount Everest.

Question: Which has the highest peak, Sunanda Devi, India's second highest mountain, or Khartaphu?
Answer: Khartaphu
Association football
The length of the pitch, or field, for international adult matches is in the range of and the width is in the range of . Fields for non-international matches may be length and in width, provided that the pitch does not become square. In 2008, the IFAB initially approved a fixed size of long and wide as a standard pitch dimension for international matches; however, this decision was later put on hold and was never actually implemented.

Question: When was the IFAB's decision on the fixed size of the pitch become implemented? 
Answer: never
Goofy
Goofy is a funny animal cartoon character created in 1932 at Walt Disney Productions. Goofy is a tall, anthropomorphic dog who typically wears a turtle neck and vest, with pants, shoes, white gloves, and a tall hat originally designed as a rumpled fedora. Goofy is a close friend of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. He is normally characterized as hopelessly clumsy and dim-witted, yet this interpretation is not always definitive; occasionally Goofy is shown as intuitive and clever, albeit in his own unique, eccentric way.
Clarabelle Cow
Clarabelle Cow is a Disney cartoon character within the Mickey Mouse universe of characters. Clarabelle Cow was created by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks in 1928. Clarabelle is one of Minnie Mouse's best friends and is usually depicted as the girlfriend of Horace Horsecollar, although she has also been paired with Goofy occasionally (especially in the Super Goof comic book series). Clarabelle has remained a supporting character in the United States; only in Italy has she been treated as a major character.

Question: What year was the character, paired with Clarabelle Cow in the Super Goof comic book series, created?
Answer: 1932
Anti-aircraft warfare
By the early 20th century balloon, or airship, guns, for land and naval use were attracting attention. Various types of ammunition were proposed, high explosive, incendiary, bullet-chains, rod bullets and shrapnel. The need for some form of tracer or smoke trail was articulated. Fuzing options were also examined, both impact and time types. Mountings were generally pedestal type but could be on field platforms. Trials were underway in most countries in Europe but only Krupp, Erhardt, Vickers Maxim, and Schneider had published any information by 1910. Krupp's designs included adaptations of their 65 mm 9-pounder, a 75 mm 12-pounder, and even a 105 mm gun. Erhardt also had a 12-pounder, while Vickers Maxim offered a 3-pounder and Schneider a 47 mm. The French balloon gun appeared in 1910, it was an 11-pounder but mounted on a vehicle, with a total uncrewed weight of 2 tons. However, since balloons were slow moving, sights were simple. But the challenges of faster moving aeroplanes were recognised.

Question: In addition to ammo proposals, what other need was articulated?
Answer: The need for some form of tracer or smoke trail
Electric motor
A servomotor is a motor, very often sold as a complete module, which is used within a position-control or speed-control feedback control system. Servomotors are used in applications such as machine tools, pen plotters, and other process systems. Motors intended for use in a servomechanism must have well-documented characteristics for speed, torque, and power. The speed vs. torque curve is quite important and is high ratio for a servo motor. Dynamic response characteristics such as winding inductance and rotor inertia are also important; these factors limit the overall performance of the servomechanism loop. Large, powerful, but slow-responding servo loops may use conventional AC or DC motors and drive systems with position or speed feedback on the motor. As dynamic response requirements increase, more specialized motor designs such as coreless motors are used. AC motors' superior power density and acceleration characteristics compared to that of DC motors tends to favor permanent magnet synchronous, BLDC, induction, and SRM drive applications.

Question: Large, slow servos can use what types of motors?
Answer: conventional AC or DC motors
Society of Soul
Society of Soul was a five-member R&B group with the members of Organized Noize, (Sleepy Brown, Rico Wade, Ray Murray) as well as Espraronza and Big Rube.
Organized Noize
Organized Noize is an American production team from Atlanta, Georgia composed of Rico Wade, Ray Murray and Sleepy Brown.

Question: Where is the American hip hop/R&B production team based on who members formed Society of Soul?
Answer: Atlanta, Georgia
Turpinite
Turpinite, also called Turpenite, is a fictional war gas allegedly developed by the French chemist Eugène Turpin and deployed against the attacking German army during the first months of World War I. According to contemporary accounts, Turpinite, delivered by artillery shells, silently and suddenly killed any person within 400 yd of impact with its fumes. Survivors of Turpinite barrages reported a strong chemical smell after an attack. In reality, this smell was a side effect of the explosives used by the French and British militaries during the war. The widespread, sudden deaths caused by artillery were in many cases caused by concussion, which leaves no mark on the victim. After the war, German scientist Fritz Haber, who pioneered German gas attacks at the Second Battle of Ypres, said German soldiers had reported a strong chemical smell attributed to turpenite. Haber and others investigated, finding the smell was due to incomplete combustion of the picric acid used in British artillery shells. The belief that the French used chemical weapons in 1914 may have contributed to later German use of such weapons.
Fritz Haber
Fritz Haber (] ; 9 December 1868 – 29 January 1934) was a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. This invention is of importance for the large-scale synthesis of fertilizers and explosives. The food production for half the world's current population involves this method for producing nitrogen fertilizers. Haber, along with Max Born, proposed the Born–Haber cycle as a method for evaluating the lattice energy of an ionic solid.

Question: The a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 reported the smell of what war gas allegedly developed by the French chemist Eugène Turpin?
Answer: Turpenite
Copper
The cultural role of copper has been important, particularly in currency. Romans in the 6th through 3rd centuries BC used copper lumps as money. At first, the copper itself was valued, but gradually the shape and look of the copper became more important. Julius Caesar had his own coins made from brass, while Octavianus Augustus Caesar's coins were made from Cu-Pb-Sn alloys. With an estimated annual output of around 15,000 t, Roman copper mining and smelting activities reached a scale unsurpassed until the time of the Industrial Revolution; the provinces most intensely mined were those of Hispania, Cyprus and in Central Europe.

Question: Cctavianus Augustus Caesar had his coins made out of what alloys?
Answer: Cu-Pb-Sn alloys
Panzer IV
The "Panzerkampfwagen" IV (PzKpfw IV), commonly known as the Panzer IV, was a German medium tank developed in the late 1930s and used extensively during the Second World War. Its ordnance inventory designation was Sd.Kfz. 161.
Schmalturm
The Schmalturm (German for "narrow turret") was a tank turret designed for use on the Panther Ausf. F medium tank. There was a Krupp proposal to fit it onto the Panzer IV medium tank as well. The turret's shape resembled the Soviet T-34 tank turret with a narrow conical gun mantlet resembling German Jagdpanzer mantlets. It featured a narrow front to maximize protection while minimizing weight. It was both lighter and easier to manufacture than the standard Panther turret. The turret had a stereoscopic rangefinder with lenses on either side of the turret, located in spherical bulges. No Schmalturms entered series production.

Question: Schmalturm was based on the tank that was developed in what time frame?
Answer: late 1930s
Chad Dawson
Chad Dawson (born July 13, 1982) is an American professional boxer. He has held multiple light heavyweight world championships, and was one of the most highly regarded boxers in that division between 2006 and 2013. Dawson rose to prominence on the world stage in 2007, when he defeated Tomasz Adamek to become the WBC light heavyweight champion. After vacating that title, he defeated Antonio Tarver in 2008 to win the IBF and IBO titles, and defeated him in a rematch in 2009.
Chad Dawson
Dawson's first career setback was a loss to Jean Pascal in 2010. He would rebound by winning the WBC title for a second time, as well as the "Ring" magazine and lineal titles, by defeating Bernard Hopkins in 2012. In the same year, "The Ring" ranked Dawson as the world's tenth best active boxer, pound for pound.
International Boxing Organization
The International Boxing Organization (IBO) is a non-profit organization that sanctions professional boxing matches and awards world and regional championships.

Question: In 2008, Chad Dawson defeated Antonio Tarver and won a title from a non-profit organization that awards what?
Answer: world and regional championships
Worcester College, Oxford
Worcester College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. The college was founded in 1714 by the benefaction of Sir Thomas Cookes, 2nd Baronet (1648-1701) of Norgrove, Worcestershire, whose coat of arms was adopted by the College. Its predecessor, Gloucester College, had been an institution of learning on the same site since the late 13th century until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. Founded as a men's college, Worcester has been coeducational since 1979.
Rosslyn Bruce
Bruce was the grandson of Sir James Bruce, 2nd Baronet who fought at Waterloo; son of Lloyd Stuart Bruce, a canon of York Minster from 1873 to 1876; nephew of Archbishop William Thompson; brother of Kathleen Scott (and brother-in-law of Robert Falcon Scott); and father of Verily Anderson.
Rosslyn Bruce
He was educated at St Edward's School, Oxford and Worcester College, Oxford. During his years at Oxford he stood for the presidency of the Union but was beaten by Hilaire Belloc, instead becoming secretary. He was ordained deacon in 1897, and priest in 1898. After curacies in Dinting Vale and Soho he was Rector of Clifton with Glapton from 1904 to 1912; a Chaplain to the Forces; the incumbent at St Augustine, Edgbaston, from 1912 to 1923, and lived at the vicarage at 4 Manor Road, the next-door neighbour of Sir Gilbert Barling, and finally of All Saints' Herstmonceux. He was also Grand Chaplain of the United Grand Lodge of England. A vigorous campaigner for many causes, especially against cruelty to animals: he was himself a renowned breeder of Smooth Fox Terriers.

Question: When was the constituent college founded in which Francis Rosslyn Courtenay Bruce was educated?
Answer: 1714
+44 (band)
+44 (read as Plus Forty-four) was an American rock supergroup formed in Los Angeles, California in 2005. The group consisted of vocalist and bassist Mark Hoppus and drummer Travis Barker of Blink-182, lead guitarist Shane Gallagher of The Nervous Return, and rhythm guitarist Craig Fairbaugh of Mercy Killers. Hoppus and Barker created +44 shortly after the initial 2005 breakup of Blink-182 and before it was later reformed. The band's name refers to the international dialing code of the United Kingdom, the country where the duo first discussed the project. Early recordings were largely electronic in nature, and featured vocals by Carol Heller, formerly of the all-girl punk quartet Get the Girl.
Lilys
Lilys are an American indie rock band formed in Washington, D.C in 1988. The only constant member is Kurt Heasley, with the line-up changing regularly. Several of the band's tracks have been used in television advertisements, and the band's biggest hit was one of these, "A Nanny In Manhattan", which reached No. 16 in the UK after being used in a Levi's advertisement directed by Roman Coppola.

Question: Are Lilys and +44 both a type of rock band or group?
Answer: yes
Nanjing
Nanjing's airport, Lukou International Airport, serves both national and international flights. In 2013, Nanjing airport handled 15,011,792 passengers and 255,788.6 tonnes of freight. The airport currently has 85 routes to national and international destinations, which include Japan, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, United States and Germany. The airport is connected by a 29-kilometer (18 mi) highway directly to the city center, and is also linked to various intercity highways, making it accessible to the passengers from the surrounding cities. A railway Ninggao Intercity Line has been built to link the airport with Nanjing South Railway Station. Lukou Airport was opened on 28 June 1997, replacing Nanjing Dajiaochang Airport as the main airport serving Nanjing. Dajiaochang Airport is still used as a military air base. Nanjing has another airport – Nanjing Ma'an International Airport which temporarily serves as a dual-use military and civil airport.

Question: When did the airport open for business?
Answer: 28 June 1997
Carnival
Some Belgian cities hold Carnivals during Lent. One of the best-known is Stavelot, where the "Carnival de la Laetare" takes place on Laetare Sunday, the fourth Sunday of Lent. The participants include the "Blancs-Moussis", who dress in white, carry long red noses and parade through town attacking bystanders with confetti and dried pig bladders. The town of Halle also celebrates on Laetare Sunday. Belgium's oldest parade is the Carnival Parade of Maaseik, also held on Laetare Sunday, which originated in 1865.

Question: What group of participants attack bystanders with confetti and dried pig bladders?
Answer: Blancs-Moussis
Freemasonry
Since the middle of the 19th century, Masonic historians have sought the origins of the movement in a series of similar documents known as the Old Charges, dating from the Regius Poem in about 1425 to the beginning of the 18th century. Alluding to the membership of a lodge of operative masons, they relate it to a mythologised history of the craft, the duties of its grades, and the manner in which oaths of fidelity are to be taken on joining. The 15th century also sees the first evidence of ceremonial regalia.

Question: When was the Regius Poem written?
Answer: 1425
Debbie Bampton
Deborah "Debbie" Bampton, MBE, (born 7 October 1961) is an English former international footballer who played as a midfielder. During her career Bampton won a treble at Arsenal and two doubles with Croydon. She also was capped a sum of 95 times for England, scoring three goals all in all.
Debbie Bampton
Bampton was appointed an MBE in 1998 as a recognition of her services to women's football.
English Football Hall of Fame
The English Football Hall of Fame is housed at the National Football Museum, in Manchester, England. The Hall aims to celebrate and highlight the achievements of the all-time top English footballing talents, as well as non-English players and managers who have become significant figures in the history of the English game. New members are added each year, with an induction ceremony held in the autumn, formerly at varying locations, but exclusively at the Museum itself following its move to Manchester's Urbis building in 2012.

Question: What city is the prestigious honor that was granted to Debbie Bampton located?
Answer: Manchester, England
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
The stadium serves as the home to the University of Southern California (USC) Trojans football team of the Pac-12 Conference. USC, which operates and manages the Coliseum, granted naming rights to United Airlines in January 2018; after concerns were raised by Coliseum Commission, the airline became title sponsor of the playing field, naming it United Airlines Field at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. The stadium is located in Exposition Park, which is owned by the State of California, and across the street from USC. The Coliseum is jointly owned by the State of California, Los Angeles County, City of Los Angeles and is managed and operated by the Auxiliary Services Department of the University of Southern California.
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
It was the home of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL) from 1946 to 1979, when they moved to Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim. The Coliseum served as their home stadium again from 2016 to 2019 prior to the team's move to SoFi Stadium in Inglewood. The facility had a permanent seating capacity of 93,607 for USC football and Rams games, making it the largest football stadium in the Pac-12 Conference and the NFL.
Dynamite!! USA
SoftBank presents Dynamite!! USA was a mixed martial arts (MMA) event co-promoted by Fighting and Entertainment Group (FEG), the promoters of K-1 kickboxing events and Hero's MMA events, and EliteXC. The event was held on Saturday, June 2, 2007 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California. Mauro Ranallo, Bill Goldberg, and Jay Glazer did commentary.

Question: What is the seating capacity of the stadium at which Dynamite!! USA was held?
Answer: 93,607
Imamate in Shia doctrine
The Ismailis differ from Twelvers because they had living imams for centuries after the last Twelver Imam went into concealment. They followed Isma'il ibn Jafar, elder brother of Musa al-Kadhim, as the rightful Imam after his father Ja'far al-Sadiq. The Ismailis believe that whether Imam Ismail did or did not die before Imam Ja'far, he had passed on the mantle of the imamate to his son Muḥammad ibn Ismail as the next imam. Thus, their line of imams is as follows (the years of their individual imamats during the Common Era are given in brackets):

Question: Who is the elder brother of Musa al-Kadhim?
Answer: Isma'il ibn Jafar
Catalan language
With the union of the crowns of Castille and Aragon (1479), the use of Spanish gradually became more prestigious and marked the start of the decline of Catalan. Starting in the 16th century, Catalan literature came under the influence of Spanish, and the urban and literary classes became bilingual.

Question: When did Catalan literature begin a downward trend?
Answer: 16th century
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) is a private research university in Worcester, Massachusetts, focusing on the instruction and research of technical arts and applied sciences.
California State University, Bakersfield
California State University, Bakersfield (CSUB, Cal State Bakersfield, or CSU Bakersfield) is a public university in Bakersfield, California. It was established in 1965, as Kern State College and officially California State College Bakersfield in 1968 on a 375 acre campus, becoming the 20th school in the 23-campus California State University system. First classes were held October 1, 1970. The university offers 45 different Bachelor's degrees and 21 types of Master's degrees. The university offers a Doctoral Program in Educational Leadership (Ed.D).

Question: While Worcester Polytechnic Institute is a private research university, what is California State University, Bakersfield?
Answer: public university
Jesus People USA
Jesus People USA (JPUSA) pronounced: ǰ-pu-sa is a Christian intentional community in Uptown, on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 1972, coming out of Jesus People Milwaukee during the Jesus movement, it is one of the largest continuing communities (100–450 members). In 1989, JPUSA joined the Evangelical Covenant Church as a member congregation, and currently has eight pastors credentialed with the ECC. The community organized the annual Cornerstone Festival from 1984 until 2012.
Resurrection Band
Resurrection Band, also known as Rez Band or REZ, was a Christian rock band formed in 1972. They were part of the Jesus People USA Christian community in Chicago and most of its members have continued in that community to this day. Known for their blend of blues-rock and hard rock, Resurrection Band is credited as one of the forerunners of the Christian metal genre. "Christianity Today" called them "the most influential band in Christian music history." Following their debut in 1978, the band's greatest popularity was during the early 1980s, but later in the decade they received some crossover success when they had two music videos featured on MTV.

Question: What band made their debut in 1978 and is a member of the Evangelical Covenant Church?
Answer: Jesus People USA
Canadian Tire Motorsport Park
Canadian Tire Motorsport Park (formerly Mosport Park and Mosport International Raceway) is a multi-track motorsport venue located north of Bowmanville, in Ontario, Canada, 40 miles (64 km) east of Toronto. The facility features a 2.459 mi , (length reduced through wider track re-surfacing done in 2003) 10-turn road course; a 2.9 km advance driver and race driver training facility with a quarter-mile skid pad (Driver Development Centre) and a 1.5 km kart track (Mosport Kartways). The name "Mosport" is a portmanteau of Motor Sport, came from the enterprise formed to build the track; it is pronounced as the two words actually sound, "Mo-Sport" (but is often incorrectly pronounced "Moss-Port").
2017 NASCAR Pinty's Series
The 2017 NASCAR Pinty's Series was the eleventh season of the NASCAR Pinty's Series. Beginning on May 21 at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park, the season consisted of thirteen races at eleven different venues in Canada. The season ended at Jukasa Motor Speedway on September 23. Cayden Lapcevich is the defending Drivers' Champion. Alex Labbé won the championship when the Green Flag dropped at the last race, as there were not enough entries for Labbé to lose that many points that Kevin Lacroix could have taken the championship. Labbé won the championship by a 16-point margin over Lacroix.

Question: The 2017 NASCAR Pinty's Series, was the eleventh season of the NASCAR Pinty's Series, Beginning on May 21 at which multi-track motorsport venue located north of Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada?
Answer: Canadian Tire Motorsport Park
Go Soo
Go Soo (born October 4, 1978), also known as Ko Soo, is a South Korean actor. He has appeared in television series such as "Piano", "Green Rose" and "Will It Snow for Christmas?", as well as the films "White Night" and "The Front Line".
White Night (2009 film)
White Night (; lit. "White Night: Walking Through White Darkness") is a 2009 South Korean mystery thriller starring Han Suk-kyu, Son Ye-jin and Go Soo. It was based on the Japanese novel "Journey Under the Midnight Sun" by Keigo Higashino.

Question: Go Soo appeared in a 2009 South Korean mystery thriller that was based on what novel?
Answer: Journey Under the Midnight Sun
Separation of church and state in the United States
In "Lemon v. Kurtzman", 403 U.S. 602 (1971), the court determined that a Pennsylvania state policy of reimbursing the salaries and related costs of teachers of secular subjects in private religious schools violated the Establishment Clause. The court's decision argued that the separation of church and state could never be absolute: "Our prior holdings do not call for total separation between church and state; total separation is not possible in an absolute sense. Some relationship between government and religious organizations is inevitable," the court wrote. "Judicial caveats against entanglement must recognize that the line of separation, far from being a 'wall', is a blurred, indistinct, and variable barrier depending on all the circumstances of a particular relationship."

Question: When was the case of Lemon v. Kurtzman?
Answer: 1971
Classical music
Classical music has often incorporated elements or material from popular music of the composer's time. Examples include occasional music such as Brahms' use of student drinking songs in his "Academic Festival Overture", genres exemplified by Kurt Weill's "The Threepenny Opera", and the influence of jazz on early and mid-20th-century composers including Maurice Ravel, exemplified by the movement entitled "Blues" in his sonata for violin and piano. Some postmodern, minimalist and postminimalist classical composers acknowledge a debt to popular music.

Question: What did Brahms sometimes use in his Academic Festival Overture?
Answer: student drinking songs
Pub
The pub took the concept of the bar counter to serve the beer from gin palaces in the 18th century. Until that time beer establishments used to bring the beer out to the table or benches, as remains the practice in (for example) beer gardens and some other drinking establishments in Germany. A bar might be provided for the manager or publican to do paperwork while keeping an eye on his or her customers, and the term "bar" applied to the publican's office where one was built, but beer would be tapped directly from a cask or barrel sat on a table, or kept in a separate taproom and brought out in jugs. When purpose built Victorian pubs were built after the Beerhouse Act 1830, the main room was the public room with a large serving bar copied from the gin houses, the idea being to serve the maximum number of people in the shortest possible time. The other, more private, rooms had no serving bar—they had the beer brought to them from the public bar. There are a number of pubs in the Midlands or the North which still retain this set up, though these days the beer is fetched by the customer themself from the taproom or public bar. One of these is The Vine, known locally as The Bull and Bladder, in Brierley Hill near Birmingham, another the Cock at Broom, Bedfordshire a series of small rooms served drinks and food by waiting staff. In the Manchester district the public bar was known as the "vault", other rooms being the lounge and snug as usual elsewhere. By the early 1970s there was a tendency to change to one large drinking room as breweries were eager to invest in interior design and theming.

Question: What do the locals call The Vine?
Answer: The Bull and Bladder
Zhejiang
Several political figures who served as Zhejiang's top political office of Communist Party Secretary have played key roles in various events in PRC history. Tan Zhenlin (term 1949-1952), the inaugural Party Secretary, was one of the leading voices against Mao's Cultural Revolution during the so-called February Countercurrent of 1967. Jiang Hua (term 1956-1968), was the "chief justice" on the Special Court in the case against the Gang of Four in 1980. Three provincial Party Secretaries since the 1990s have gone onto prominence at the national level. They include CPC General Secretary and President Xi Jinping (term 2002-2007), National People's Congress Chairman and former Vice-Premier Zhang Dejiang (term 1998-2002), and Zhao Hongzhu (term 2007-2012), the Deputy Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, China's top anti-corruption body. Of Zhejiang's fourteen Party Secretaries since 1949, none were native to the province.

Question: When was Tan Zhenlin's term as Zhenjiang's Communist Party Secretary?
Answer: 1949-1952
Exo (band)
Since 2014, Exo has exclusively performed as one group, while continuing to release and perform music in multiple languages. Previously, the band debuted with twelve members separated into two sub-groups: Exo-K (Suho, Baekhyun, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai, and Sehun) and Exo-M (Xiumin, Lay, Chen, and former members Kris, Luhan, and Tao). Exo-K and Exo-M performed music in Korean and Mandarin, respectively, until the release of their third EP Overdose in 2014. After the departures of Kris, Luhan, and Tao amid legal battles in 2014 and 2015, the band continued with the remaining nine members. Since 2016, Chen, Baekhyun, and Xiumin have also released music and performed as a sub-unit named Exo-CBX, and members Sehun and Chanyeol have promoted as a sub-unit named Exo-SC since 2019. All of Exo's members also maintain solo careers in fields including music, film, and television.
Exo (band)
Exo's first album "XOXO" (2013), which contains the breakthrough hit "Growl", was a critical and commercial success. It sold over one million copies, which made Exo the first Korean artist to do so in twelve years. Subsequent albums and EPs have also had strong sales, with all Korean studio albums each selling more than one million copies. Exo has won many awards for their albums, including five consecutive Album of the Year wins at the Mnet Asian Music Awards and two consecutive Artist of the Year wins at the Melon Music Awards. Exo's sixth album "Don't Mess Up My Tempo" (2018) is their highest-charting album on the US "Billboard" 200, debuting at number 23. It is also their best selling album with over 1.9 million copies sold in South Korea.
Not Alone (Zhang Liyin song)
Not Alone (我一个人) is a song recorded by Chinese singer Zhang Liyin. It was released by SM Entertainment on September 20, 2014 in China and September 22 in South Korea. The song is a remake of 'By Myself' (나 혼자서) from the SBS drama "Ja Myung Go" which "Girl's Generation" member Tiffany sang back in 2009. Zhang Liyin had mentioned that the song is a follow up track and a continuation of the storyline of "Agape" during her YouTube Interview with Victoria and Tao. In a press release from SM Entertainment on September 18, they song will be Zhang Liyin's fourth single was released on September 20, 2014 in China through Baidu and then later released in South Korea through Korean music sites MelOn, Genie, Naver and Bugs on September 22. Zhang held a showcase to support the release of the single, which was held at the Century Theater in Beijing. EXO members Tao and Chen were guests at the said event.

Question: Not Alone, is Zhang Liyin's which number overall single, Zhang held a showcase to support the release of the single, which was held at the Century Theater in Beijing, EXO members Tao and Chen were guests, Exois a South Korean-Chinese boy group based in Seoul? 
Answer: fourth