qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Nanjing
Instead, Nanjing, as a tourist destination, hosts a series of government-organized events throughout the year. The annual International Plum Blossom Festival held in Plum Blossom Hill, the largest plum collection in China, attracts thousands of tourists both domestically and internationally. Other events include Nanjing Baima Peach Blossom and Kite Festival, Jiangxin Zhou Fruit Festival and Linggu Temple Sweet Osmanthus Festival.

Question: What city is considered to be a place that is popular with tourists?
Answer: Nanjing
Seminole
The Seminole are a Native American people originally from Florida. Today, they principally live in Oklahoma with a minority in Florida, and comprise three federally recognized tribes: the Seminole Tribe of Oklahoma, the Seminole Tribe of Florida, and Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida, as well as independent groups. The Seminole nation emerged in a process of ethnogenesis from various Native American groups who settled in Florida in the 18th century, most significantly northern Muscogee (Creeks) from what is now Georgia and Alabama. The word "Seminole" is derived from the Muscogee word "simanó-li", which may itself be derived from the Spanish word "cimarrón", meaning "runaway" or "wild one".
Thlocklo Tustenuggee
Thlocklo Tustenuggee (also known as Thlocko, Thlocco, and Tiger Tail) was one of the most prominent Seminole leaders in the Second Seminole War. He spoke English fluently, and also spoke Muscogee. Tustenuggee was one of the three leaders of the 300 Seminoles who fought in the battle that became known as the Dade Massacre. During the war, he and Halleck Tustenuggee, another prominent Seminole leader in the war, met with General Walker Keith Armistead to negotiate, but negotiations broke down and the war resumed. As the war waned, Armistead used money to bribe several Seminole leaders to surrender, but Tustenuggee refused to be bribed and he continued to lead his band in fighting. When the war ended, his Seminole band was one of the few that remained in Florida. In 1843, Tustenuggee and 26 of his followers were forcibly migrated from Florida to New Orleans, Louisiana. They were transported by the USS "Lawrence" along with 65 other Native Americans and three black slaves. Tustenuggee then committed suicide by swallowing powdered glass. His death was reported in newspapers, as were the deaths of other prominent Native American leaders who died in connection with the Trail of Tears.

Question: Thlocklo Tustenuggee was a leader of the native people originally from what state?
Answer: Florida
Kaunas Airport
Kaunas International Airport ( ), ( ) is the second-busiest civil airport in Lithuania after Vilnius Airport and the fourth-busiest in the Baltic states. The airport is located in the central part of the country, 14 km northeast of the Kaunas city centre and 100 km west from the capital Vilnius.
Dobi-III
Dobi-III is the third and the last aircraft designed by Lithuanian aviator Jurgis Dobkevičius. Fighter Dobi-III was designed and tested in 1924. On June 8, 1926 it crashed at Kaunas Aerodrome killing its designer.

Question: How many kilometers west of the capital of Kansas is the airport where the Dobi-III crashed in 1926?
Answer: 100
Charleston, South Carolina
Around 1719, the town's name began to be generally written Charlestown and, excepting those fronting the Cooper River, the old walls were largely removed over the next decade. Charlestown was a center for inland colonization of South Carolina, but remained the southernmost point of English settlement on the American mainland until the Province of Georgia was established in 1732. The first settlers primarily came from England and its colonies on Barbados and Bermuda. The latter planters brought African slaves with them who had been purchased in the islands. Early immigrants to the city included Protestant French, Scottish, Irish, and Germans, as well as hundreds of Jews, predominately Sephardi from England and the Netherlands. As late as 1830, Charleston's Jewish community was the largest and wealthiest in America. Because of the struggles of the English Reformation and particularly because the papacy long recognized JamesII's son as the rightful king of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Roman Catholics were prohibited from settling in South Carolina throughout the colonial period. (Catholic emancipation did not proceed in earnest until after the onset of the American Revolution.)

Question: About what year did Charleston cease to have the wealthiest Jewish community in America?
Answer: 1830
Human Development Index
The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies". To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well-being.

Question: In what year did Mahbub ul Haq devise and launch the HDI?
Answer: 1990
Watauga Association
The Watauga Association (sometimes referred to as the Republic of Watauga) was a semi-autonomous government created in 1772 by frontier settlers living along the Watauga River in what is now Elizabethton, Tennessee. Although it lasted only a few years, the Watauga Association provided a basis for what later developed into the state of Tennessee and likely influenced other western frontier governments in the trans-Appalachian region. North Carolina annexed the Watauga settlement area, by then known as the Washington District, in November 1776. Within a year, the area was placed under a county government, becoming Washington County, North Carolina, in November 1777. This area covers the present day Washington County, Carter County, and other areas now located in the northeast part of the state of Tennessee.
James Robertson (explorer)
James Robertson (June 28, 1742 – September 1, 1814) was an American explorer, soldier and Indian agent, and one of the founding fathers of what became the State of Tennessee. An early companion of explorer Daniel Boone, Robertson helped establish the Watauga Association in the early 1770s, and to defend Fort Watauga from an attack by Cherokee in 1776. In 1779, he co-founded what is now Nashville, and was instrumental in the settlement of Middle Tennessee. He served as a brigadier general in the Southwest Territory militia in the early 1790s, and as an Indian Commissioner in later life.

Question: James Robertson helped established the association that is in what modern-day town?
Answer: Elizabethton, Tennessee
Richard Gasquet
Richard Gabriel Cyr Gasquet (] ; born 18 June 1986) is a French professional tennis player. His career-high ATP singles ranking is world No. 7, attained on 9 July 2007. He has won a total of 15 singles titles on the ATP Tour. His best performance in Grand Slam singles tournaments was reaching the semifinals of the 2007 and 2015 Wimbledon Championships and the semifinals of the 2013 US Open. His best performance in ATP World Tour Masters 1000 singles tournaments was being the runner-up in Hamburg in 2005 and Toronto in 2006 and 2012. He won the mixed doubles Grand Slam title at the 2004 French Open, partnering Tatiana Golovin. He won the men's doubles Olympic bronze medal in 2012 with his doubles partner Julien Benneteau. Gasquet is best known for his long groundstrokes and his one-handed backhand.
Henri Kontinen
Henri Kontinen (] ; born 19 June 1990) is a Finnish tennis player.

Question: Who was born first Henri Kontinen or Richard Gasquet?
Answer: Richard Gasquet
Carl Orff
Carl Orff (] ; (1895--)10 1895 – (1982--)29 1982 ) was a German composer and music educator, best known for his cantata "Carmina Burana" (1937). The concepts of his Schulwerk were influential for children's music education.
Carl Orff
Carl Orff was born in Munich on 10 July 1895, the son of Paula (Köstler) and Heinrich Orff. His family was Bavarian and was active in the Imperial German Army; his father was an army officer with strong musical interests. His paternal grandmother was Catholic of Jewish descent. At age five, Orff began to play piano, organ, and cello, and composed a few songs and music for puppet plays. 
Heavy Metal Kings (song)
"Heavy Metal Kings" is a single by hip hop duo Jedi Mind Tricks, released in 2006 through Babygrande Records. The single was released in a limited edition blue vinyl pressing, with every copy signed by group vocalist Vinnie Paz. "Heavy Metal Kings" is the lead single from the group's fifth album, "Servants in Heaven, Kings in Hell". The song features a sample from "Boiling Rage (Estuans Interius)" by German composer Carl Orff, taken from his famous cantata "Carmina Burana", and a vocal sample from "Front Lines (Hell on Earth)" by Mobb Deep for the chorus. "Heavy Metal Kings" features a guest verse from former Non Phixion member Ill Bill. The song's music video was released shortly before the album's release, and featured guest appearances from the group's DJ, DJ Kwestion, and R.A. The Rugged Man.

Question: For what work was the German composer featured in a sample in Jedi Mind Trick's Heavy Metal Kings best known?
Answer: Carmina Burana
La fanciulla del West
La fanciulla del West ("The Girl of the West") is an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by and , based on the play "The Girl of the Golden West" by the American author David Belasco. "Fanciulla" followed "Madama Butterfly", which was also based on a Belasco play. The opera has fewer of the show-stopping highlights that characterize Puccini's other works, but is admired for its impressive orchestration and for a score that is more melodically integrated than is typical of his previous work. "Fanciulla" displays influences from composers Claude Debussy and Richard Strauss, without being in any way imitative. Similarities between the libretto and the work of Richard Wagner have also been found, though some attribute this more to the original plot of the play, and have asserted that the opera remains quintessentially Italian.
The Girl of the Golden West (1938 film)
The Girl of the Golden West is a 1938 American musical western film adapted from the play of the same name by David Belasco, better known for providing the plot of the opera "La fanciulla del West" by Giacomo Puccini. A frontier woman falls in love with an outlaw.

Question: la faniciulla del west by giacomo is also known as which musical western film by David Belasco?
Answer: The Girl of the Golden West
Phonograph record
The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies, especially stereo recordings, which became widely available in 1958, gave a boost to the "hi-fi" classification of products, leading to sales of individual components for the home such as amplifiers, loudspeakers, phonographs, and tape players. "High Fidelity" and "Audio" were two magazines that hi-fi consumers and engineers could read for reviews of playback equipment and recordings.

Question: What term would be used when one said they produced perfect sound reproduction?
Answer: high fidelity
Norse mythology
Norse mythology is the body of myths of the North Germanic peoples, stemming from Norse paganism and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia, and into the Scandinavian folklore of the modern period. The northernmost extension of Germanic mythology, Norse mythology consists of tales of various deities, beings, and heroes derived from numerous sources from both before and after the pagan period, including medieval manuscripts, archaeological representations, and folk tradition.
Mats Wendt
Mats Wendt (born in 1965) is a Swedish classical composer and artist. His best known work internationally is "Eddan - the invincible sword of the elf-smith", a 16-hour-long "cybersymphonic" work on Norse mythology according to Viktor Rydberg. Five hours from "Eddan" was performed in Bayreuth 2003 during the annual Wagner festspiele, in Wahnfried, Wagner's former home, now the Richard Wagner museum.

Question: What sources, both before and after the pagan period, is the mythology derived from  that is also the mythology featured in Mats Wendt's 16 hour-long cybersyomphic work "Eddan - the invincible sword of the elf-smith"?
Answer: medieval manuscripts, archaeological representations, and folk tradition
Portugal
Agriculture in Portugal is based on small to medium-sized family-owned dispersed units. However, the sector also includes larger scale intensive farming export-oriented agrobusinesses backed by companies (like Grupo RAR's Vitacress, Sovena, Lactogal, Vale da Rosa, Companhia das Lezírias and Valouro). The country produces a wide variety of crops and livestock products, including: tomatoes, citrus, green vegetables, rice, wheat, barley, maize, olives, oilseeds, nuts, cherries, bilberry, table grapes, edible mushrooms, dairy products, poultry and beef. According to FAO, Portugal is the top producer of cork and carob in the world, accounting to about 50% and 30% of world production respectively.

Question: What types of companies back more large scale, export-oriented agrobusinesses in Portugal?
Answer: Grupo RAR's Vitacress, Sovena, Lactogal, Vale da Rosa, Companhia das Lezírias and Valouro
Alinta Energy
Alinta Energy is an Australian electricity generating and gas retailing private company that is owned by Hong Kong-based Chow Tai Fook Enterprises (CTFE). Alinta Energy has an owned and contracted generation portfolio of up to 1,957 MW, approximately 1.1 million combined electricity and gas retail customers and around 800 employees across Australia and New Zealand.
Northern Power Station (South Australia)
Northern Power Station was located at Port Paterson in the Australian state of South Australia about 6 km south of the city centre of Port Augusta. It was coal powered with two 260 MW steam turbines that generated a total of 520 MW of electricity. It was operated and maintained by Alinta Energy and was commissioned in 1985. Northern received coal by rail from the Leigh Creek Coal Mine, 280 km to the north. The plant ceased electricity production in May 2016 and decommissioned and demolished over the following few years.

Question: What is the name of this Australian generation, electricity and gas retailing private company that is owned by Hong Kong-based Chow Tai Fook Enterprises and operated and maintained the Northern Power Station in Port Augusta? 
Answer: Alinta Energy
Erskine Childers (author)
Robert Erskine Childers DSC (25 June 1870 – 24 November 1922), usually known as Erskine Childers ( ), was a British-born Irish writer, whose works included the influential novel "The Riddle of the Sands". He became a supporter of Irish Republicanism and smuggled guns into Ireland in his sailing yacht "Asgard". He was executed by the authorities of the nascent Irish Free State during the Irish Civil War. He was the son of British Orientalist scholar Robert Caesar Childers; the cousin of Hugh Childers and Robert Barton; and the father of the fourth President of Ireland, Erskine Hamilton Childers.
Georges Bataille
Georges Albert Maurice Victor Bataille ( ; ] ; 10 September 1897 – 9 July 1962) was a French philosopher and intellectual working in philosophy, literature, sociology, anthropology, consumerism, and history of art. His writing, which included essays, novels, and poetry, explored such subjects as erotism, mysticism, surrealism, and transgression. His work would prove influential on subsequent schools of philosophy and social theory, including poststructuralism.

Question: Which writer, Georges Bataille or Robert Erskine Childers, was the son of British Orientalist scholar Robert Caesar Childers?
Answer: Robert Erskine Childers
Alloy
The use of alloys by humans started with the use of meteoric iron, a naturally occurring alloy of nickel and iron. It is the main constituent of iron meteorites. As no metallurgic processes were used to separate iron from nickel, the alloy was used as it was. Meteoric iron could be forged from a red heat to make objects such as tools, weapons, and nails. In many cultures it was shaped by cold hammering into knives and arrowheads. They were often used as anvils. Meteoric iron was very rare and valuable, and difficult for ancient people to work.

Question: What can forged meteoric iron make?
Answer: tools, weapons, and nails
Dell Curry
Wardell Stephen "Dell" Curry (born June 25, 1964) is an American former professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1986 until 2002 and retired as the Charlotte Hornets' all-time leader in points (9,839) and three-point field goals made (929).
Ace Custis
Adrian "Ace" Custis (born May 24, 1974) is an American basketball coach and former professional basketball player. He last played in Japan with the Wakayama Trians and is now a NCAA Division I coach. After a severe knee injury while trying out for the Dallas Mavericks, Ace became known as one of the best power forwards throughout Asia playing in such countries as Lebanon, Japan, Qatar, Indonesia, Syria and the Philippines. Ace made a further name for himself in prestigious clubs such as Al Riyadi where he won a championship. Ace graduated from Virginia Tech and won the 1995 NIT championship. In 1997, Ace was a NCAA All-American. In 2007, Ace was inducted into the Virginia Tech Sports Hall of Fame; his #20 jersey was retired and hangs alongside the NBA shooting great Dell Curry. Techhoops, a basketball publication, named Ace Custis one of the 10 greatest players ever in Virginia Tech history.

Question: The retired jersey of Adrian "Ace" Custis hangs alongside all-time leader in points for what NBA team?
Answer: Charlotte Hornets
Dave Ward (voice actor)
David Ward (born 14 January 1957), commonly known as Dave "Squatch" Ward or David "Squatch" Ward, is a Scottish-born Canadian voice actor, singer, and musician who has played roles in television and movies. His most popular starring roles have been on "Dragon Ball", Aldo in "Sitting Ducks", "Gundam Wing", and the live-action role of Ned Bell in "So Weird".
So Weird
So Weird is an American-Canadian television series that aired on the Disney Channel as a mid-season replacement from January 18, 1999, to September 28, 2001. The series was shot in Vancouver, British Columbia. It is the first Disney Channel Original Series to be shot in . In the first two seasons, the series centered on teenage girl Fiona Phillips (Cara DeLizia) who toured with her rock-star mom (Mackenzie Phillips), while encountering paranormal activity along the way. The series was compared to the Fox TV series "The X-Files" since it took a darker tone than any other Disney Channel show at the time. For the third and final season, Disney replaced DeLizia (due to her wanting to pursue future projects outside of Disney) with actress Alexz Johnson playing Annie Thelen. Production ceased after 65 episodes.

Question: Dave Ward starred as Ned Bell in a show that aired on what channel?
Answer: Disney Channel
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
The K-12 and higher education reform programs of the Gates Foundation have been criticized by some education professionals, parents, and researchers because they have driven the conversation on education reform to such an extent that they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences. Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes have been expensive and disruptive, but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm.

Question: What are several of the gates backed policies 
Answer: Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes
Sexual orientation
The earliest writers on sexual orientation usually understood it to be intrinsically linked to the subject's own sex. For example, it was thought that a typical female-bodied person who is attracted to female-bodied persons would have masculine attributes, and vice versa. This understanding was shared by most of the significant theorists of sexual orientation from the mid nineteenth to early twentieth century, such as Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, Richard von Krafft-Ebing, Magnus Hirschfeld, Havelock Ellis, Carl Jung, and Sigmund Freud, as well as many gender-variant homosexual people themselves. However, this understanding of homosexuality as sexual inversion was disputed at the time, and, through the second half of the twentieth century, gender identity came to be increasingly seen as a phenomenon distinct from sexual orientation. Transgender and cisgender people may be attracted to men, women, or both, although the prevalence of different sexual orientations is quite different in these two populations. An individual homosexual, heterosexual or bisexual person may be masculine, feminine, or androgynous, and in addition, many members and supporters of lesbian and gay communities now see the "gender-conforming heterosexual" and the "gender-nonconforming homosexual" as negative stereotypes. Nevertheless, studies by J. Michael Bailey and Kenneth Zucker found a majority of the gay men and lesbians sampled reporting various degrees of gender-nonconformity during their childhood years.

Question: What was thought of early lesbians and gay men?
Answer: it was thought that a typical female-bodied person who is attracted to female-bodied persons would have masculine attributes, and vice versa.
Dog
The most popular Korean dog dish is "gaejang-guk" (also called "bosintang"), a spicy stew meant to balance the body's heat during the summer months. Followers of the custom claim this is done to ensure good health by balancing one's "gi", or vital energy of the body. A 19th century version of "gaejang-guk" explains that the dish is prepared by boiling dog meat with scallions and chili powder. Variations of the dish contain chicken and bamboo shoots. While the dishes are still popular in Korea with a segment of the population, dog is not as widely consumed as beef, chicken, and pork.

Question: Why do people eat Gaejang-guk in the summer months?
Answer: to balance the body's heat
Glacier
Before glaciation, mountain valleys have a characteristic "V" shape, produced by eroding water. During glaciation, these valleys are often widened, deepened and smoothed to form a "U"-shaped glacial valley or glacial trough, as it is sometimes called. The erosion that creates glacial valleys truncates any spurs of rock or earth that may have earlier extended across the valley, creating broadly triangular-shaped cliffs called truncated spurs. Within glacial valleys, depressions created by plucking and abrasion can be filled by lakes, called paternoster lakes. If a glacial valley runs into a large body of water, it forms a fjord.

Question: How is a fjord formed?
Answer: a glacial valley runs into a large body of water
Snow White
"Snow White" is a 19th-century German fairy tale that is today known widely across the Western world. The Brothers Grimm published it in 1812 in the first edition of their collection "Grimms' Fairy Tales" and numbered as Tale 53. The original German title was "Sneewittchen", a Low German form, but the first version gave the High German translation "Schneeweißchen", and the tale has become known in German by the mixed form "Schneewittchen". 
Snow White
The Grimms completed their final revision of the story in 1854.
7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood
7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood ( ), is a German comedy film, created in 2004 by Otto Waalkes, which follows the story of Snow White and the Seven Dwarves by the Brothers Grimm.

Question: 7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood follows the story of the tale published in what year?
Answer: 1812
Circadian rhythm
It is now known that the molecular circadian clock can function within a single cell; i.e., it is cell-autonomous. This was shown by Gene Block in isolated mollusk basal retinal neurons (BRNs). At the same time, different cells may communicate with each other resulting in a synchronised output of electrical signaling. These may interface with endocrine glands of the brain to result in periodic release of hormones. The receptors for these hormones may be located far across the body and synchronise the peripheral clocks of various organs. Thus, the information of the time of the day as relayed by the eyes travels to the clock in the brain, and, through that, clocks in the rest of the body may be synchronised. This is how the timing of, for example, sleep/wake, body temperature, thirst, and appetite are coordinately controlled by the biological clock.

Question: Inside of what can the molecular circadian clock operate?
Answer: single cell
Bruno Rezende
Bruno Mossa de Rezende (born 2 July 1986) is a Brazilian volleyball player, a member of Brazil men's national volleyball team and Italian club Cucine Lube Civitanova, 2016 Olympic Champion, double silver medalist of the Olympic Games (Beijing 2008, London 2012), 2010 World Champion, double gold medalist of the World Grand Champions Cup (2009, 2013), South American Champion (2007, 2009, 2011, 2013), multimedalist of the World League, Pan American Games, Brazilian Champion (2004, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013), Italian Champion (2016, 2019).
Volleyball at the Pan American Games
Volleyball for both men and women has been played at the Pan American Games since 1955, when the second edition of the multi-sports event was staged in Mexico City, Mexico.

Question: In what year was Bruno Rezende's sport added to the Pan American Games?
Answer: 1955
New York City
In the 19th century, the city was transformed by development relating to its status as a national and international trading center, as well as by European immigration. The city adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, which expanded the city street grid to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the Erie Canal through central New York connected the Atlantic port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the Great Lakes. Local politics became dominated by Tammany Hall, a political machine supported by Irish and German immigrants.

Question: In what year did the Erie Canal finish building?
Answer: 1825
The Goldbergs (2013 TV series)
The Goldbergs is an American period sitcom television series that premiered on September 24, 2013, on ABC. The series was created by Adam F. Goldberg and stars Wendi McLendon-Covey, Jeff Garlin, Sean Giambrone, Troy Gentile, Hayley Orrantia and George Segal. The show is produced by Adam F. Goldberg, Seth Gordon, and Doug Robinson. It is based on Goldberg's childhood and family in the 1980s, complete with a childhood version of himself. On May 21, 2020, ABC renewed the series for an eighth season.
The Goldbergs (2013 TV series)
"The Goldbergs" is set in the 1980s in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania and shows the reality of the '80s through a preadolescent's, and later in the series, teenager's, eyes. The show is loosely based on the showrunner's childhood, during which he regularly videotaped events – many of these videos are reenacted throughout the program, with the original version then shown before the end credits.
Rowan Blanchard
Rowan Blanchard (born October 14, 2001) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Riley Matthews on the Disney Channel series "Girl Meets World" that aired from 2014 until 2017. From 2017 until 2018, she made recurred on "The Goldbergs" as Jackie Geary.

Question: Rowan Blanchard appeared on a show that premiered on September 24, 2013 known by what name?
Answer: The Goldbergs
Peter Thiel
Peter Andreas Thiel ( ; born 11 October 1967) is a German-American billionaire entrepreneur and venture capitalist. He is a co-founder of PayPal, Palantir Technologies and Founders Fund. He was ranked No. 4 on the "Forbes" Midas List of 2014, with a net worth of $2.2 billion, and No. 328 on the "Forbes" 400 in 2018, with a net worth of $2.5 billion.
Singularity Summit
The Singularity Summit was the annual conference of the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. It was started in 2006 at Stanford University by Ray Kurzweil, Eliezer Yudkowsky, and Peter Thiel, and the subsequent summits in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 have been held in San Francisco, San Jose, New York City, San Francisco, New York City, and San Francisco respectively. Some speakers have included Sebastian Thrun, Rodney Brooks, Barney Pell, Marshall Brain, Justin Rattner, Peter Diamandis, Stephen Wolfram, Gregory Benford, Robin Hanson, Anders Sandberg, Juergen Schmidhuber, Aubrey de Grey, Max Tegmark, and Michael Shermer.

Question: What year did the annual conference started by, among others, the man who ranked No. 4 on the "Forbes" Midas List of 2014, first start?
Answer: 2006
Alfred North Whitehead
In addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: "A Treatise on Universal Algebra" (1898), "Principia Mathematica" (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and "An Introduction to Mathematics" (1911). The former two books were aimed exclusively at professional mathematicians, while the latter book was intended for a larger audience, covering the history of mathematics and its philosophical foundations. "Principia Mathematica" in particular is regarded as one of the most important works in mathematical logic of the 20th century.

Question: When did Whitehead write his first book? 
Answer: 1898
Futurama
Futurama is an American adult animated science fiction sitcom created by Matt Groening that aired on Fox from March 28, 1999 to August 10, 2003 and on Comedy Central from March 23, 2008 to September 4, 2013. The series follows the adventures of slacker Philip J. Fry, who is cryogenically preserved for 1000 years and is revived in the 31st century. Fry finds work at an interplanetary delivery company, working alongside the one-eyed Turanga Leela and robot Bender Bending Rodriguez. The series was envisioned by Groening in the mid-1990s while working on "The Simpsons"; he brought David X. Cohen aboard to develop storylines and characters to pitch the show to Fox.
A Flight to Remember
"A Flight to Remember" is episode ten in the first season of "Futurama". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 26, 1999. This episode was written by Eric Horsted and directed by Peter Avanzino. Dawnn Lewis guest stars in this episode as LaBarbara Conrad. The episode is a direct parody of the 1997 film "Titanic", while the title is a reference to Walter Lord's non-fiction book about the Titanic disaster "A Night to Remember".

Question: What American animated science fiction comedy was aired of fox on September,26 1999?
Answer: Futurama
History of Adelaide
This article details the History of Adelaide from the first human activity in the region to the 20th century. Adelaide is a planned city founded in 1836 and the capital of South Australia.
Charles Christian Dutton
Charles Christian Dutton (presumed died 1842) was a pastoralist in South Australia who disappeared, believed murdered by Aboriginals, while droving cattle from Port Lincoln to Adelaide.

Question: Charles Christian Dutton was murdered while going to the city that was founded in what year?
Answer: 1836
Thomas Calvert
Calvert was born in 1775; educated at Kirkham Grammar School and St John's College, Cambridge; and ordained in 1800. He held incumbencies at Holme-on-Spalding-Moor and Manchester Collegiate Church.
Kirkham Grammar School
Kirkham Grammar School is a selective, co-educational independent school in Kirkham, Lancashire, England. It was founded in 1549. Its roots can be traced back to the chantry school attached to St Michael's Church in the 13th century. The school remained in the church grounds until it moved to occupy its present site on Ribby Road in 1911. The front range of the school and the headmaster's house are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

Question: Thomas Jackson Calvert was educated at the school in what English county?
Answer: Lancashire
Memory
Sensory memory holds information, derived from the senses, less than one second after an item is perceived. The ability to look at an item and remember what it looked like with just a split second of observation, or memorization, is the example of sensory memory. It is out of cognitive control and is an automatic response. With very short presentations, participants often report that they seem to "see" more than they can actually report. The first experiments exploring this form of sensory memory were precisely conducted by George Sperling (1963) using the "partial report paradigm." Subjects were presented with a grid of 12 letters, arranged into three rows of four. After a brief presentation, subjects were then played either a high, medium or low tone, cuing them which of the rows to report. Based on these partial report experiments, Sperling was able to show that the capacity of sensory memory was approximately 12 items, but that it degraded very quickly (within a few hundred milliseconds). Because this form of memory degrades so quickly, participants would see the display but be unable to report all of the items (12 in the "whole report" procedure) before they decayed. This type of memory cannot be prolonged via rehearsal.

Question: What did Spellings' findings reveal?
Answer: this form of memory degrades so quickly, participants would see the display but be unable to report all of the items
BeiDou
The investigation of the transmitted signals started immediately after the launch of Compass-M1 on 14 April 2007. Soon after in June 2007, engineers at CNES reported the spectrum and structure of the signals. A month later, researchers from Stanford University reported the complete decoding of the "I" signals components. The knowledge of the codes allowed a group of engineers at Septentrio to build the COMPASS receiver and report tracking and multipath characteristics of the "I" signals on E2 and E5B.

Question: Who reported the complete decoding of the “I” signals components?
Answer: researchers from Stanford University
Henry VIII
Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and, in particular, his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagreement with Pope Clement VII on the question of such an annulment led Henry to initiate the English Reformation, separating the Church of England from papal authority. He appointed himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England and dissolved convents and monasteries, for which he was excommunicated. Henry is also known as "the father of the Royal Navy," as he invested heavily in the navy, increasing its size from a few to more than 50 ships, and established the Navy Board.
Richard Brooke (Norton)
Richard Brooke (died 1569) bought the manor of Norton, near Runcorn, Cheshire from Henry VIII in 1545 following the dissolution of the monasteries. The manor included the former monastery of Norton Priory and also the settlements of Norton, Stockham, Acton Grange and Aston Grange in Cheshire and Cuerdley in Lancashire.

Question: After he dissolved the monasteries, in 1545 Henry VIII sold Richard Brooke the manor of Norton, in which English county?
Answer: Cheshire
Israel Gelfand
Israel Moiseevich Gelfand, also written Israïl Moyseyovich Gel'fand, or Izrail M. Gelfand ( , ; 2 September [O.S. 20 August] 1913 – 5 October 2009) was a prominent Soviet mathematician. He made significant contributions to many branches of mathematics, including group theory, representation theory and functional analysis. The recipient of many awards, including the Order of Lenin and the first Wolf Prize, he was a Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society and professor at Moscow State University and, after immigrating to the United States shortly before his 76th birthday, at Rutgers University. Gelfand is also a 1994 MacArthur Fellow.
Valery Goppa
Valery Denisovich Goppa ( ; born 1939) is a Soviet and Russian mathematician.

Question: Who was born first, Valery Goppa or Israel Gelfand?
Answer: Israel Moiseevich Gelfand
ASCII
Computers attached to the ARPANET included machines running operating systems such as TOPS-10 and TENEX using CR-LF line endings, machines running operating systems such as Multics using LF line endings, and machines running operating systems such as OS/360 that represented lines as a character count followed by the characters of the line and that used EBCDIC rather than ASCII. The Telnet protocol defined an ASCII "Network Virtual Terminal" (NVT), so that connections between hosts with different line-ending conventions and character sets could be supported by transmitting a standard text format over the network. Telnet used ASCII along with CR-LF line endings, and software using other conventions would translate between the local conventions and the NVT. The File Transfer Protocol adopted the Telnet protocol, including use of the Network Virtual Terminal, for use when transmitting commands and transferring data in the default ASCII mode. This adds complexity to implementations of those protocols, and to other network protocols, such as those used for E-mail and the World Wide Web, on systems not using the NVT's CR-LF line-ending convention.

Question: How were the connections supported? 
Answer: by transmitting a standard text format over the network
American Idol
A special tribute to Simon Cowell was presented in the finale for his final season with the show. Many figures from the show's past, including Paula Abdul, made an appearance.

Question: Who had a special tribute at the finale?
Answer: Simon Cowell
Alaska Wilderness Lake
Alaska Wilderness Lake is a 1971 American documentary film produced by Alan Landsburg. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. It was based on the book "Red Salmon, Brown Bear" by Theodore J. Walker.
China Blue
China Blue is a 2005 documentary film directed by Micha Peled. It follows the life of Jasmine Li, a young seventeen-year-old worker from Sichuan province, in a Chinese jeans factory, "Lifeng Clothes Factory" (丽锋服饰制衣有限公司) in Shaxi, Guangdong producing Vigaze Jeans (a company based in Istanbul, Turkey ), hence the title. Jasmine earned about half a yuan for one hour's work (which amounted to about six US cents).

Question: is China Blue or Alaska Wilderness Lake the older documentary film?
Answer: Alaska Wilderness Lake
O Tannenbaum
" " (] ; "O fir tree", English: "O Christmas Tree") is a German Christmas song. Based on a traditional folk song which was unrelated to Christmas, it became associated with the traditional Christmas tree by the middle of the 19th century and sung as a Christmas carol.
The Song of Iowa
"The Song of Iowa" is the regional anthem of the U.S. state of Iowa, written by S. H. M. Byers in 1867 and adopted as the official state song by the Iowa State Legislature on March 20, 1911. The song is set to the tune "O Tannenbaum" and Byres' lyrics' theme is centered on his love and praise for Iowa.

Question: The Song of Iowa is set to the tune of what German Christmas Song?
Answer: O Tannenbaum
Coffea
Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. "Coffea" species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor various beverages and products. The fruits, like the seeds, contain a large amount of caffeine, and have a distinct sweet taste and are often juiced. The plant ranks as one of the world's most valuable and widely traded commodity crops and is an important export product of several countries, including those in Central and South America, the Caribbean and Africa.
Cobaea
Cobaea is a genus of flowering plants including about 20 species of rapid growing, ornamental climbers native to Mexico. The botanical name honors Father Bernabé Cobo, Spanish Jesuit of the seventeenth century, naturalist, and resident of America for many years. The woody stems can reach 20 ft . Leaves are alternate lobed with opposite pairs and tendrils. In late summer to early spring, the large, bell-shaped flowers are borne profusely and singly along the stems with bright green, violet, or purple in colors. The plants can become invasive in some areas, and are common weeds in New Zealand.

Question: Coffea and Cobaea, are flowering plants?
Answer: yes
Henry Selick
Charles Henry Selick ( ; born November 30, 1952) is an American stop motion director, producer, and writer who is best known for directing the stop-motion animation films "The Nightmare Before Christmas" (1993), "James and the Giant Peach" (1996), "Coraline" (2009), and his upcoming stop-motion film "Wendell and Wild" (2021) with Jordan Peele and Keegan-Michael Key. He studied at the Program in Experimental Animation at California Institute of the Arts, under the guidance of Jules Engel.
James and the Giant Peach (film)
James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl. It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi, and starred Paul Terry as James. The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation. Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James's aunts in the live-action segments, and Simon Callow, Richard Dreyfuss, Susan Sarandon, Jane Leeves, David Thewlis, and Margolyes voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences.

Question: Henry Selick is known for directing what 1996 British-American musical fantasy?
Answer: James and the Giant Peach
Al-Narjis
Al-Narjis ( ) is a Syrian farm located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Narjis had a population of 8 in the 2004 census.
Syria
In 1939, while Syria was still a French mandate the French ceded the Sanjak of Alexandretta to Turkey as part of a treaty of friendship in World War II. In order to facilitate this, a faulty election was done in which ethnic Turks who were originally from the Sanjak but lived in Adana and other areas near the border in Turkey came to vote in the elections, shifting the election in favor of secession. Through this, the Hatay Province of Turkey was formed. The move by the French was very controversial in Syria, and only five years later Syria became independent.
Syria
The western two-thirds of Syria's Golan Heights region are since 1967 occupied by Israel and were in 1981 effectively annexed by Israel, whereas the eastern third is controlled by Syria, with the UNDOF maintaining a buffer zone in between, to implement the ceasefire of the Purple Line. Israel's 1981 Golan annexation law is not recognised in international law. The UN Security Council condemned it in Resolution 497 (1981) as "null and void and without international legal effect." Since then, General Assembly resolutions on "The Occupied Syrian Golan" reaffirm the illegality of Israeli occupation and annexation. The Syrian government continues to demand the return of this territory. The only remaining land Syria has in the Golan is a strip of territory which contains the abandoned city of Quneitra, the governorate's de facto capital Madinat al-Baath and many small villages, mostly populated by Circassians such as Beer Ajam and Hader. In March 2019, U.S. President Donald Trump announced that the United States will recognize Israel's annexation of the Golan Heights.

Question: What farm is located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate, in the country officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic?
Answer: Al-Narjis
Nabor Vargas García
Nabor Vargas García (born 12 July 1976) is a Mexican suspected drug lord and one of the founders of Los Zetas, a criminal group formed by former soldiers of the Mexican Armed Forces.
Los Zetas
Los Zetas (] , Spanish for "The Zs") is a Mexican criminal syndicate, regarded as one of the most dangerous of Mexico's drug cartels. While primarily concerned with drug trafficking, the organization also runs profitable sex trafficking and gun running rackets. The origins of Los Zetas date back to the late 1990s, when commandos of the Mexican Army deserted their ranks and began working as the enforcement arm of the Gulf Cartel. In February 2010, Los Zetas broke away and formed their own criminal organization, rivalling the Gulf Cartel.

Question: In what year did this criminal group, formed by former soldiers of the Mexican Armed Forces and Founded by Nabor Vargas Garcia, break away from their former employer and form their own criminal organization?
Answer: 2010
Prince Christoph of Hesse
Prince Christoph Ernst August of Hesse (14 May 1901 – 7 October 1943) was a nephew of Kaiser Wilhelm II. He was a German SS officer and was killed on active duty in a plane crash during World War II. His brother-in-law, Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, fought on the British side and married the future Queen Elizabeth II after the war.
Prince Christoph of Hesse
Prince Christoph of Hesse was born in Frankfurt, the fifth son of Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse and Princess Margaret of Prussia. His father, Frederick Charles, a scion of the House of Hesse, was elected King of Finland in 1918, when Finland declared its independence after the collapse of the Russian Empire. However, the overwhelming Republican victories in the 1919 Finnish parliamentary election effectively ended any ambitions for a Finnish monarchy.
Princess Christina Margarethe of Hesse
Princess Christina Margarethe of Hesse ( ; 10 January 1933 – 22 November 2011) was the eldest daughter of Prince Christoph of Hesse, nephew of Germany's last emperor Wilhelm II, and of Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark. A niece by marriage of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, from 1956 to 1962 she was married to Prince Andrew of Yugoslavia, a son of Alexander I of Yugoslavia.
Princess Christina Margarethe of Hesse
Born in Germany on 10 January 1933 at Friedrichshof Castle near Kronberg im Taunus, Princess Christina ("Krista") of Hesse was the eldest child of Prince Christoph of Hesse (1901 — 1943) and Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark (1914 — 2001), the youngest sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. She belonged by birth to the senior line of the House of Hesse, a junior branch of which reigned as grand dukes of Hesse and by Rhine within the German Empire until 1918. Christina's paternal grandmother, Princess Margaret of Prussia, was a daughter of Queen Victoria's eldest daughter Victoria, and as such a sister of Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Question: In what War was Prince Christoph of Hesse accidentally killed?
Answer: World War II
Ben Jeby
Ben Jeby (born Benjamin Morris Jebaltowsky, in 1909), was an American world champion middleweight boxer from the Lower East Side of New York City. He was managed by the legendary Hymie Caplan.
Lower East Side
The Lower East Side, sometimes abbreviated as LES, is a neighborhood in the southeastern part of the New York City borough of Manhattan, roughly located between the Bowery and the East River from Canal to Houston streets. Traditionally an immigrant, working class neighborhood, it began rapid gentrification in the mid-2000s, prompting the National Trust for Historic Preservation to place the neighborhood on their list of America's Most Endangered Places.

Question: What borough of New York City was Ben Jeby from?
Answer: Manhattan