qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Strep-tag
The Strep-tag® system is a method which allows the purification and detection of proteins by affinity chromatography. The Strep-tag II is a synthetic peptide consisting of eight amino acids (Trp-Ser-His-Pro-Gln-Phe-Glu-Lys). This peptide sequence exhibits intrinsic affinity towards Strep-Tactin®, a specifically engineered streptavidin, and can be N- or C- terminally fused to recombinant proteins. By exploiting the highly specific interaction, "Strep"-tagged proteins can be isolated in one step from crude cell lysates. Because the "Strep"-tag elutes under gentle, physiological conditions it is especially suited for generation of functional proteins.
Histidine
Histidine (symbol His or H) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated –NH form under biological conditions), a carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated –COO form under biological conditions), and an imidazole side chain (which is partially protonated), classifying it as a positively charged amino acid at physiological pH. Initially thought essential only for infants, it has now been shown in longer-term studies to be essential for adults also. It is encoded by the codons CAU and CAC.

Question: What is one of the amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins, that is in a synthetic peptide consisting of eight amino acids?
Answer: Histidine
Industrial Canal
The Industrial Canal is a 5.5 mile (9 km) waterway in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The waterway's proper name, as used by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and on NOAA nautical charts, is Inner Harbor Navigation Canal (IHNC). The more common "Industrial Canal" name is used locally, both by commercial mariners and by landside residents.
Pawtucket Canal
Completed in 1796, the Pawtucket Canal was originally built as a transportation canal to circumvent the Pawtucket Falls of the Merrimack River in East Chelmsford, Massachusetts. In the early 1820s it became a major component of the Lowell power canal system. with the founding of the textile industry at what became Lowell.

Question: Which is farther north, Pawtucket Canal or Industrial Canal?
Answer: Pawtucket Canal
Moy Racing
Moy Racing, formerly PRW Racing and Bobby Jones Racing, was an auto racing team owned by former Ford Motor Company employee Joseph Reilly which fielded entries in the NASCAR Busch Series. Drivers who piloted the Moy Racing Ford included Jimmy Kitchens, Andy Kirby, Carl Long, Bruce Bechtel, Dana White, Brad Teague, Ed Berrier, Donnie Neuenberger, Shane Hall, Kertus Davis, Jeff McClure, Eric Jones, Shane Huffman, Kelly Denton and Kieran Dynes.
Dana White
Dana Frederick White Jr. (born July 28, 1969) is an American businessman and the current President of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), which is the largest mixed martial arts (MMA) organization in the world. Under White's leadership, the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise. As of August 2019, White's net worth was assessed at $500 million.

Question: Dana White, a former driver for Moy Racing, is now the current president of what mixed martial arts organization?
Answer: Ultimate Fighting Championship
Gordie Howe
Gordon Howe (March 31, 1928 – June 10, 2016) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. From 1946 to 1980, he played twenty-six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) and six seasons in the World Hockey Association (WHA); his first 25 seasons were spent with the Detroit Red Wings. Nicknamed "Mr. Hockey", Howe is often considered the most complete player to ever play the game and one of the greatest of all time. At his retirement, his 801 goals, 1049 assists, and 1850 total points were all NHL records that stood until they were broken by Wayne Gretzky, who himself has been a major champion of Howe's legacy. A 23-time NHL All-Star, he still holds the NHL records for most games and seasons played. In 2017, Howe was named one of the "100 Greatest NHL Players".
Saskatoon Minor Football Field
The Saskatoon Minor Football Field at Gordon Howe Park (formerly known as Gordie Howe Bowl) is a football stadium located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It was opened September 30, 1960, built on land repossessed by the city in 1931 for unpaid taxes. It is the home of the Saskatoon Hilltops, who play in the Prairie Football Conference of the Canadian Junior Football League and is also used for high school football. It is located on the southwest corner of the city. The park is named after Gordie Howe, a Saskatoon native and member of the Hockey Hall of Fame.

Question: Gordon Howe Park is named after Gordon Howe who was a Canadian professional ice hockey player from 1946 to what year?
Answer: 1980
Robin Beck
Robin Beck (born November 7, 1954) is an American singer. She topped the singles chart in the United Kingdom in 1988, and Germany in 1989, with her single "First Time", which had come to the public's attention via its use in a Coca-Cola commercial. Other well-known songs of hers are "Save Up All Your Tears", "In My Heart to Stay", "Tears in the Rain" and "Close to You".
Livin' on a Dream
Livin' on a Dream is an album by female artist Robin Beck. It was produced and engineered by James Christian, co-produced by Tommy Denander, and mastered and mixed by Dennis Ward. Serafino Perugino served as the executive producer of the album. It was released by Frontiers Records in 2007. There are a total of thirteen songs on the album.

Question: Livin on a Dream is an album by which female artist?
Answer: Robin Beck
Cleveland Indians
The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since 1994 , they have played at Progressive Field. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the team has won 10 Central Division titles, six American League pennants, and two World Series championships, (in 1920 and 1948). The team's current 71-year World Series championship drought is the longest active among all 30 current Major League teams.
Cleveland Indians
The name "Indians" originated from a request by club owner Charles Somers to baseball writers to choose a new name to replace "Cleveland Naps" following the departure of Nap Lajoie after the 1914 season. It was a revival of the nickname that fans gave to the Cleveland Spiders while Louis Sockalexis, a Native American, was playing for the team. Common nicknames for the Indians include the "Tribe" and the "Wahoos", the latter referencing their former logo, Chief Wahoo. The team's mascot is named "Slider."
Eddie Turchin
Edward Lawrence Turchin (February 10, 1917 – February 8, 1982) was an American professional baseball infielder. He played one season in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the Cleveland Indians.
Eddie Turchin
Turchin, nicknamed "Smiley", had a minor league baseball career spanning 1937 to 1946, with gaps, as he did not play professionally during 1938, 1944, or 1945. He was one of many players who only appeared in the major leagues during World War II, appearing in 11 games for the 1943 Cleveland Indians, spending time as a third baseman and shortstop. With the Indians, he batted 3-for-13 (.231) with one RBI.

Question: Edward Lawrence Turchin was a Major League Baseball infielder, who played for one season, he played 11 games for which American professional baseball team, based in Cleveland, Ohio?
Answer: Cleveland Indians
Gigantic (A Tale of Two Johns)
Gigantic (A Tale of Two Johns) is a documentary profiling the alternative rock band They Might Be Giants, featuring interviews with Frank Black, Sarah Vowell, Dave Eggers, Jon Stewart, and others. It was directed by AJ Schnack and premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival in 2002. It was released in theaters by Cowboy Pictures, and on DVD by Plexifilm in 2003. The DVD includes bonus features such as music videos, vintage live performances, and more.
Sarah Vowell
Sarah Vowell is an American author, journalist, essayist, social commentator and actress. Vowell has written seven nonfiction books on American history and culture. She was a contributing editor for the radio program "This American Life" on Public Radio International from 1996 to 2008, where she produced numerous commentaries and documentaries and toured the country in many of the program's live shows. She was also the voice of Violet Parr in the animated film "The Incredibles" and its 2018 sequel.

Question: In what festival did Gigantic premier in with the actress who played Violet in "The Incredibles"?
Answer: South by Southwest Film Festival
All-American Canal
The All-American Canal is an 80-mile (130 km) long aqueduct, located in southeastern California. It conveys water from the Colorado River into the Imperial Valley and to nine cities. It is the Imperial Valley's only water source, and replaced the Alamo Canal, which was located mostly in Mexico. The Imperial Dam, about 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Yuma, Arizona on the Colorado River, diverts water into the All-American Canal, which runs to just west of Calexico, California before its last branch heads mostly north into the Imperial Valley. Five smaller canals branching off the All American Canal move water into the Imperial Valley. These canal systems irrigate up to 630,000 acres (250,000 ha) of crop land and have made possible a greatly increased crop yield in this area, originally one of the driest on earth. It is the largest irrigation canal in the world, carrying a maximum of 26,155 cubic feet per second (740.6 m/s). Agricultural runoff from the All American Canal drains into the Salton Sea.
Codorus Navigation
The Codorus Navigation Company, based in York in south-central Pennsylvania, was formed in 1829 to make a navigable waterway along Codorus Creek from York, Pennsylvania to the Susquehanna River, a distance of 11 mi . Plans called for 3 mi of canal, 8 mi of slack-water pools, 10 dams, and 13 locks with an average lift of about 7 ft .

Question: Did Codorus Navigation construct a canal in the same state as the All-American Canal?
Answer: no
WBLM
WBLM 102.9 FM is a Classic Rock radio station serving the central and southern Maine and northern and eastern New Hampshire listening areas from Portland, Maine. The station has a studio in One City Center, along with co-owned Townsquare Media stations WJBQ, WCYY, WHOM and WPKQ. The station also serves as the Portland market affiliate for the New England Patriots Radio Network. WBLM is one of the most powerful FM stations in New England, licensed to operate at 100,000 watts. It broadcasts from a transmitter tower near Route 121 in Raymond that is the second tallest man-made structure in Maine (second only to the tower for WMTW TV 8).
WMTW
WMTW, virtual and VHF digital channel 8, is an ABC-affiliated television station licensed to Poland Spring, Maine, United States and serving the Portland, Maine television market, including southern Maine and eastern and northern New Hampshire. The station is owned by the Hearst Television subsidiary of Hearst Communications, as part of a duopoly with Portland-licensed CW/MyNetworkTV affiliate WPXT (channel 51). The two stations share studios on Ledgeview Drive in Westbrook and transmitter facilities in West Baldwin, Maine.
WMTW
WMTW also operates a low-powered digital fill-in translator (on UHF channel 26 or virtual channel 8 via PSIP) from the Time and Temperature Building in downtown Portland's Monument Square. The translator serves the immediate part of Portland and some surrounding areas to serve viewers that have difficulty receiving the main signal.

Question: What  ABC-affiliated television station licensed to Poland Spring, Maine, United States and has a larger tower than WBLM?
Answer: WMTW
Vacuum
While outer space provides the most rarefied example of a naturally occurring partial vacuum, the heavens were originally thought to be seamlessly filled by a rigid indestructible material called aether. Borrowing somewhat from the pneuma of Stoic physics, aether came to be regarded as the rarefied air from which it took its name, (see Aether (mythology)). Early theories of light posited a ubiquitous terrestrial and celestial medium through which light propagated. Additionally, the concept informed Isaac Newton's explanations of both refraction and of radiant heat. 19th century experiments into this luminiferous aether attempted to detect a minute drag on the Earth's orbit. While the Earth does, in fact, move through a relatively dense medium in comparison to that of interstellar space, the drag is so minuscule that it could not be detected. In 1912, astronomer Henry Pickering commented: "While the interstellar absorbing medium may be simply the ether, [it] is characteristic of a gas, and free gaseous molecules are certainly there".

Question: Where are the highest amounts of naturally occurring partial vacuums?
Answer: outer space
Liberal Party of Australia
In 1951, during the early stages of the Cold War, Menzies spoke of the possibility of a looming third world war. The Menzies Government entered Australia's first formal military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth with the signing of the ANZUS Treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States in San Francisco in 1951. External Affairs Minister Percy Spender had put forward the proposal to work along similar lines to the NATO Alliance. The Treaty declared that any attack on one of the three parties in the Pacific area would be viewed as a threat to each, and that the common danger would be met in accordance with each nation's constitutional processes. In 1954, the Menzies Government signed the South East Asia Collective Defence Treaty (SEATO) as a South East Asian counterpart to NATO. That same year, Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov and his wife defected from the Soviet embassy in Canberra, revealing evidence of Russian spying activities; Menzies called a Royal Commission to investigate.

Question: Which treaty was Australia's first military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth?
Answer: ANZUS Treaty
Bacteria
Some species of bacteria kill and then consume other microorganisms, these species are called "predatory bacteria". These include organisms such as "Myxococcus xanthus", which forms swarms of cells that kill and digest any bacteria they encounter. Other bacterial predators either attach to their prey in order to digest them and absorb nutrients, such as "Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus", or invade another cell and multiply inside the cytosol, such as "Daptobacter". These predatory bacteria are thought to have evolved from saprophages that consumed dead microorganisms, through adaptations that allowed them to entrap and kill other organisms.

Question: Why are certain bacteria called predatory?
Answer: bacteria kill and then consume other microorganisms
Frank Kermode
Sir John Frank Kermode, FBA (29 November 1919 – 17 August 2010) was a British literary critic best known for his 1967 work "" and for his extensive book-reviewing and editing.
Kairosis
Kairosis is the literary effect of fulfillment in time. This effect is normally associated with the epic/novel genre of literature, and can be understood by the analogy "as "catharsis" is to the dramatic, so "kenosis" is to the lyric, so "kairosis" is to the epic/novel." It is derived from Kermode's usage of kairos in literary aesthetics, and is part of an ongoing debate within literary aesthetics about the limitations of the rhetorical use of the term kairos.

Question: Kairosis was a term derived from a usage by which British literary critic?
Answer: Sir John Frank Kermode
Separation of church and state in the United States
The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835 to 1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only atheists from holding public office. Such clauses were held by the United States Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, when the court ruled unanimously that such clauses constituted a religious test incompatible with First and Fourteenth Amendment protections.

Question: When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church?
Answer: 1776
McFly
McFly are an English pop punk band formed in London in 2003. The band took their name from the "Back to the Future" character Marty McFly. The band consists of Tom Fletcher (lead vocals, guitar, and piano), Danny Jones (lead vocals, harmonica, and guitar), Dougie Poynter (bass guitar) and Harry Judd (drums). They were signed to Island Records from their 2004 launch until December 2007, before creating their own label, Super Records.
The Heart Never Lies
"The Heart Never Lies" is the thirteenth single from the British pop rock band McFly. It was released on 22 October 2007, as a part of the band's "All the Greatest Hits" album. The song can also be found on the original "Mail on Sunday" edition of their fourth studio album "" (2008). Rumours were around that the song was going to originally be called "We Are The Lovers", but then the name "The Heart Never Lies" was officially confirmed on the band's official website and Myspace.

Question: Where were the band who released the single The Heart Never Lies formed ?
Answer: London
Toulouse
Toulouse ( , ; ] ( ) ; ] ; ] ) is the capital of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the region of Occitanie. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, 150 km from the Mediterranean Sea, 230 km from the Atlantic Ocean and 680 km from Paris. It is the fourth-largest city in France, with 479,553 inhabitants within its municipal boundaries (as of January 2017), and 1,360,829 inhabitants within its wider metropolitan area (also as of January 2017), after Paris, Lyon and Marseille, and ahead of Lille and Bordeaux.
Gaillac AOC
Gaillac AOC is an "Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée" (AOC) in South West France in the département of Tarn, just north of Toulouse.

Question: What country are both Gaillac AOC and Toulouse located in?
Answer: France
Black people
Because of the acceptance of miscegenation, Brazil has avoided the binary polarization of society into black and white. In addition, it abolished slavery without a civil war. The bitter and sometimes violent racial tensions that have divided the US are notably absent in Brazil. According to the 2010 census, 6.7% of Brazilians said they were black, compared with 6.2% in 2000, and 43.1% said they were racially mixed, up from 38.5%. In 2010, Elio Ferreira de Araujo, Brazil's minister for racial equality, attributed the increases to growing pride among his country's black and indigenous communities.

Question: What has Brazil avoided?
Answer: the binary polarization of society into black and white
Arsenal F.C.
Regardless of which story is true, the red and white shirts have come to define Arsenal and the team have worn the combination ever since, aside from two seasons. The first was 1966–67, when Arsenal wore all-red shirts; this proved unpopular and the white sleeves returned the following season. The second was 2005–06, the last season that Arsenal played at Highbury, when the team wore commemorative redcurrant shirts similar to those worn in 1913, their first season in the stadium; the club reverted to their normal colours at the start of the next season. In the 2008–09 season, Arsenal replaced the traditional all-white sleeves with red sleeves with a broad white stripe.

Question: What did Arsenal want to commemorate by wearing dark red shirts in their last season at Highbury?
Answer: first season
My Golden Life
My Golden Life () is a 2017 South Korean television series starring Park Si-hoo, Shin Hye-sun, Lee Tae-hwan, and Seo Eun-soo. The series aired on KBS2 every Saturday and Sunday from 19:55 to 21:15 (KST).
Shin Hye-sun
Shin Hye-sun (born August 31, 1989) is a South Korean actress. She made her debut in the television series "School 2013" and played her first leading role in a drama in "My Golden Life" (2017–2018). She gained international recognition through her lead role in "" (2019).

Question: What television show did the South Korean star of the series that airs on KBS2 every Saturday and Sunday from 7:55 p.m. to 9:15 p.m make her debut on?
Answer: "School 2013"
Uranium
The gas centrifuge process, where gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF6 ) is separated by the difference in molecular weight between UF and UF using high-speed centrifuges, is the cheapest and leading enrichment process. The gaseous diffusion process had been the leading method for enrichment and was used in the Manhattan Project. In this process, uranium hexafluoride is repeatedly diffused through a silver-zinc membrane, and the different isotopes of uranium are separated by diffusion rate (since uranium 238 is heavier it diffuses slightly slower than uranium-235). The molecular laser isotope separation method employs a laser beam of precise energy to sever the bond between uranium-235 and fluorine. This leaves uranium-238 bonded to fluorine and allows uranium-235 metal to precipitate from the solution. An alternative laser method of enrichment is known as atomic vapor laser isotope separation (AVLIS) and employs visible tunable lasers such as dye lasers. Another method used is liquid thermal diffusion.

Question: What enrichment process was used by the Manhattan Project?
Answer: gaseous diffusion
Lord of the Rings (board game)
Lord of the Rings is a board game based on the high fantasy novel "The Lord of the Rings" by J. R. R. Tolkien. Published in 2000 by Kosmos in Germany, Wizards of the Coast in the U.S., and Parker Brothers in the U.K., the game is designed by Reiner Knizia and features artwork by illustrator John Howe. It won a Spiel des Jahres special award for "best use of literature in a game" and in 2004 it won the Games Magazine Games 100 Honor in the Family Strategy category. A slightly revised version was later published by Fantasy Flight Games.
Capitol (board game)
Capitol is a German-style building game set in the ancient Roman Empire, designed by Aaron Weissblum and Alan R. Moon. The game was published by Schmidt Spiele in 2001. It was redeveloped into a quicker-playing card game named "Clocktowers" and published by Jolly Roger Games.

Question: What board game was published sooner, Capitol or Lord of the Rings?
Answer: Lord of the Rings
The Mist (film)
The Mist (also known as Stephen King's The Mist) is a 2007 American science fiction horror film based on the 1980 novella "The Mist" by Stephen King. The film was written and directed by Frank Darabont. Darabont had been interested in adapting "The Mist" for the big screen since the 1980s. The film features an ensemble cast including Thomas Jane, Marcia Gay Harden, Nathan Gamble, Andre Braugher, Toby Jones, Frances Sternhagen, Buck Taylor, William Sadler, Sam Witwer, Alexa Davalos, Chris Owen, Andy Stahl, and future "The Walking Dead" actors Laurie Holden, Jeffrey DeMunn, Melissa McBride, and Juan Gabriel Pareja.
The Mist (film)
Filming for "The Mist" began in Shreveport, Louisiana, in February 2007. The film was commercially released in the United States and Canada on November 21, 2007; it performed well at the box office and received generally positive reviews. Darabont has since revealed that he had "always had it in mind to shoot "The Mist" in black and white", a decision inspired by such iconic films as "Night of the Living Dead" (1968) and the "pre-color" work of Ray Harryhausen. While the film's cinematic release was in color, the director has described the black and white print (released on Blu-ray in 2008) as his "preferred version."
Marcia Gay Harden
Marcia Gay Harden (born August 14, 1959) is an American actress. Her film breakthrough was in the 1990 Coen brothers-directed "Miller's Crossing". She followed this with roles in films including "Used People" (1992), "The First Wives Club" (1996), and "Flubber" (1997). For her performance as artist Lee Krasner in the 2000 film "Pollock", she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She earned another Academy Award nomination for her performance as Celeste Boyle in "Mystic River" (2003). Other notable film roles include "American Gun" (2005), and 2007's "The Mist" and "Into the Wild".

Question: One of Marcia Gay Harden's notable acting roles was in "The Mist" in 2007, based on a story by which famous author?
Answer: Stephen King
Queen Victoria
Victoria visited mainland Europe regularly for holidays. In 1889, during a stay in Biarritz, she became the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain when she crossed the border for a brief visit. By April 1900, the Boer War was so unpopular in mainland Europe that her annual trip to France seemed inadvisable. Instead, the Queen went to Ireland for the first time since 1861, in part to acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war.

Question: What war prevented Queen Victoria from taking her annual trip to France in 1900?
Answer: Boer War
Buddy Murphy
Matthew Adams (born 26 September 1988) is an Australian professional wrestler currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Murphy (shortened from his previous ring name Buddy Murphy).
Wesley Blake
Cory James Weston (born September 4, 1987) is an American professional wrestler currently signed to WWE. He performs on the SmackDown brand under the ring name Wesley Blake alongside Steve Cutler and Jaxson Ryker as The Forgotten Sons 
Wesley Blake
Weston debuted in 2011 under his real name on the Florida independent circuit, most notably for Dory Funk Jr.'s Funking Conservatory. He signed with WWE in 2013, portraying a cowboy gimmick in NXT during his first year. He later formed "Blake and Murphy" alongside Buddy Murphy. The two, managed by Alexa Bliss, won the NXT Tag Team Championship.

Question: What year was Cory James Weston's NXT Tag Team Champion wrestling partner born?  
Answer: 1988
Classical music
 The Renaissance era was from 1400 to 1600. It was characterized by greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines, and the use of the first bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms appropriate to accompanying dance began to standardize. It is in this time that the notation of music on a staff and other elements of musical notation began to take shape. This invention made possible the separation of the composition of a piece of music from its "transmission"; without written music, transmission was oral, and subject to change every time it was transmitted. With a musical score, a work of music could be performed without the composer's presence. The invention of the movable-type printing press in the 15th century had far-reaching consequences on the preservation and transmission of music.

Question: When was the Renaissance era?
Answer: from 1400 to 1600
Gene
Prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) typically store their genomes on a single large, circular chromosome. Similarly, some eukaryotic organelles contain a remnant circular chromosome with a small number of genes. Prokaryotes sometimes supplement their chromosome with additional small circles of DNA called plasmids, which usually encode only a few genes and are transferable between individuals. For example, the genes for antibiotic resistance are usually encoded on bacterial plasmids and can be passed between individual cells, even those of different species, via horizontal gene transfer.

Question: How do prokaryotes store their genomes?
Answer: on a single large, circular chromosome
Alps
In the high villages people live in homes built according to medieval designs that withstand cold winters. The kitchen is separated from the living area (called the "stube", the area of the home heated by a stove), and second-floor bedrooms benefit from rising heat. The typical Swiss chalet originated in the Bernese Oberland. Chalets often face south or downhill, and are built of solid wood, with a steeply gabled roof to allow accumulated snow to slide off easily. Stairs leading to upper levels are sometimes built on the outside, and balconies are sometimes enclosed.

Question: What are Chalets built of? 
Answer: solid wood
Memory
Research has revealed that asking individuals to repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced could result in false memories. For instance, Goff and Roediger (1998) asked participants to imagine that they performed an act (e.g., break a toothpick) and then later asked them whether they had done such a thing. Findings revealed that those participants who repeatedly imagined performing such an act were more likely to think that they had actually performed that act during the first session of the experiment. Similarly, Garry and her colleagues (1996) asked college students to report how certain they were that they experienced a number of events as children (e.g., broke a window with their hand) and then two weeks later asked them to imagine four of those events. The researchers found that one-fourth of the students asked to imagine the four events reported that they had actually experienced such events as children. That is, when asked to imagine the events they were more confident that they experienced the events.

Question: What can cause a person to have fake memories?
Answer: repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced
The Troll
The Troll by Julia Donaldson with illustrations by David Roberts is a children's story about a troll and some pirates. 
The Troll
The troll in this story is based on the troll from the "Three Billy Goats Gruff" fairy tale. However, in this story, no goats ever cross the troll's bridge and he is forced to survive on fish that he catches from the river. He does encounter, in turn, a spider, a mouse and a rabbit, each of which convinces the troll not to eat them by telling him that he should try a bridge further down the river that is more suitable for capturing goats as he is "sick of fish". Meanwhile, the pirate captain Hank Chief and his crew (Peg Polkadot, Ben Buckle, and Percy Patch) are searching for the treasure that is marked on their map, but are unable to locate the correct island. The pirates also display very poor culinary skills. Eventually, the troll reaches the sea and realises that he has been tricked by the other animals; he sees what he thinks are goat tracks in the sand and sets about laying a trap for the goat in a spot not too far from the location on the pirate's treasure map. He duly discovers an old chest when digging a large hole to ensnare his prey and throws away the "round shiny objects" he finds therein. He decides to lie in wait in the chest for the goat and falls asleep. Predictably, the pirates then arrive and make off with their "treasure"; upon opening the chest the pirates decide to make the troll walk the plank, until Peg discovers the troll's frying pan and cookbook. On discovering the troll's culinary talents, they agree to spare the troll and make him their cook. The troll is delighted and proceeds to tell the pirates that he will make them his favourite goat stew only to be advised, to his horror, that all the pirates desire is .. fish.
Three Billy Goats Gruff
"Three Billy Goats Gruff" ( ) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in their "Norske Folkeeventyr", first published between 1841 and 1844. It has an "eat-me-when-I'm-fatter" plot (Aarne-Thompson type 122E). The first version of the story in English appeared in George Webbe Dasent's translation of some of the "Norske Folkeeventyr", published as "Popular Tales from the Norse" in 1859. The heroes of the tale are three male goats who need to outsmart a ravenous troll in order to cross the bridge to their feeding ground.

Question: The troll featured in the children's story by Julia Donaldson and David Roberts is based on the troll from what Norwegian fairy tale? 
Answer: Three Billy Goats Gruff
Kevin Spacey
Kevin Spacey Fowler {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born July 26, 1959) is an American actor, producer, and singer. Spacey began his career as a stage actor during the 1980s, obtaining supporting roles in film and television. He gained critical acclaim in the 1990s, culminating in an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the neo-noir crime thriller "The Usual Suspects" (1995) and an Academy Award for Best Actor for the midlife crisis-themed drama "American Beauty" (1999). Spacey's first roles in film were in Mike Nichols' "Heartburn" (1986), and "Working Girl" (1988). Spacey's other starring roles have included "Glengarry Glen Ross" (1992), the comedy-drama film "Swimming with Sharks" (1994), the psychological thriller "Seven" (1995), the neo-noir crime film "L.A. Confidential" (1997), the drama "Pay It Forward" (2000), the science fiction-mystery film "K-PAX" (2001), the musical biopic "Beyond the Sea" (2004), the superhero film "Superman Returns" (2006), and the action film "Baby Driver" (2017).
All the Money in the World
All the Money in the World is a 2017 American-British crime thriller film directed by Ridley Scott and written by David Scarpa, based on John Pearson's 1995 book "Painfully Rich: The Outrageous Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Heirs of J. Paul Getty". It stars Michelle Williams, Christopher Plummer, Mark Wahlberg, and Romain Duris.
All the Money in the World
The film depicts the events surrounding the actual 1973 kidnapping of John Paul Getty III in Italy and the refusal of his grandfather, the multi-billionaire oil tycoon J Paul Getty, to cooperate with the extortion demands of the organized crime Mafia group 'Ndrangheta.

Question: What movie did the actor born on July 26, 1959 star in in 2017?
Answer: All the Money in the World
FA Cup
The trophy comes in three parts – the cup itself, plus a lid and a base. There have been two designs of trophy in use, but five physical trophies have been presented. The original trophy, known as the "little tin idol", was 18 inches high and made by Martin, Hall & Co. It was stolen in 1895 and never recovered, and so was replaced by an exact replica, used until 1910. The FA decided to change the design after the 1909 winners, Manchester United, made their own replica, leading the FA to realise they did not own the copyright. This new, larger design was by Fattorini and Sons, and was used from 1911. In order to preserve this original, from 1992 it was replaced by an exact replica, although this had to be replaced after just over two decades, after showing wear and tear from being handled more than in previous eras. This third replica, first used in 2014, was built heavier to withstand the increased handling. Of the four surviving trophies, only the 1895 replica has entered private ownership.

Question: When was the first design changed? 
Answer: . The FA decided to change the design after the 1909 winners, Manchester United, made their own replica,
Friedrich Hayek
Although Hayek believed in a society governed by laws, he disapproved of the notion of "social justice". He compared the market to a game in which "there is no point in calling the outcome just or unjust" and argued that "social justice is an empty phrase with no determinable content". Likewise, "the results of the individual's efforts are necessarily unpredictable, and the question as to whether the resulting distribution of incomes is just has no meaning". He generally regarded government redistribution of income or capital as an unacceptable intrusion upon individual freedom, saying that "the principle of distributive justice, once introduced, would not be fulfilled until the whole of society was organized in accordance with it. This would produce a kind of society which in all essential respects would be the opposite of a free society".

Question: What concept did Hayek dislike?
Answer: social justice
Bambi
Bambi is a 1942 American animated drama film directed by David Hand (supervising a team of sequence directors), produced by Walt Disney and based on the 1923 book "Bambi, a Life in the Woods" by Austrian author and hunter Felix Salten. The film was released by RKO Radio Pictures on August 13, 1942, and is the fifth Disney animated feature film.
One Magic Christmas
One Magic Christmas is a 1985 American/Canadian Christmas fantasy film directed by Phillip Borsos. It was released by Walt Disney Pictures and stars Mary Steenburgen and Harry Dean Stanton. It was shot in Meaford, Ontario with some scenes in Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada.

Question: Bambi and One Magic Christmas are films?
Answer: yes
Infection
Microbiological culture is a principal tool used to diagnose infectious disease. In a microbial culture, a growth medium is provided for a specific agent. A sample taken from potentially diseased tissue or fluid is then tested for the presence of an infectious agent able to grow within that medium. Most pathogenic bacteria are easily grown on nutrient agar, a form of solid medium that supplies carbohydrates and proteins necessary for growth of a bacterium, along with copious amounts of water. A single bacterium will grow into a visible mound on the surface of the plate called a colony, which may be separated from other colonies or melded together into a "lawn". The size, color, shape and form of a colony is characteristic of the bacterial species, its specific genetic makeup (its strain), and the environment that supports its growth. Other ingredients are often added to the plate to aid in identification. Plates may contain substances that permit the growth of some bacteria and not others, or that change color in response to certain bacteria and not others. Bacteriological plates such as these are commonly used in the clinical identification of infectious bacterium. Microbial culture may also be used in the identification of viruses: the medium in this case being cells grown in culture that the virus can infect, and then alter or kill. In the case of viral identification, a region of dead cells results from viral growth, and is called a "plaque". Eukaryotic parasites may also be grown in culture as a means of identifying a particular agent.

Question: What is it called when a visible mound forms on the surface of a plate?
Answer: a colony
Iphigénie en Tauride
Iphigénie en Tauride (] , "Iphigenia in Tauris") is a 1779 opera by Christoph Willibald Gluck in four acts. It was his fifth opera for the French stage. The libretto was written by Nicolas-François Guillard.
Un re in ascolto
Un re in ascolto ("A King Listens") is an opera by Luciano Berio, who also wrote the Italian libretto. It is based on a short story from the collection Under the Jaguar Sun by Italo Calvino, but incorporates excerpts from Friedrich Einsiedel's 1778 libretto (as reworked by Friedrich Wilhelm Gotter between 1790 and 1791) for an opera based on Shakespeare's "The Tempest". This became "Die Geisterinsel" in 1798, set to music written by Friedrich Fleischmann. In addition, W. H. Auden's "The Sea and the Mirror: A Commentary on Shakespeare's The Tempest" was a source.

Question: Iphigénie en Tauride and Un re in ascolto, are which type of dramatic musical theater?
Answer: opera
Emotion
The history of emotions has become an increasingly popular topic recently, with some scholars arguing that it is an essential category of analysis, not unlike class, race, or gender. Historians, like other social scientists, assume that emotions, feelings and their expressions are regulated in different ways by both different cultures and different historical times, and the constructivist school of history claims even that some sentiments and meta-emotions, for example Schadenfreude, are learnt and not only regulated by culture. Historians of emotion trace and analyse the changing norms and rules of feeling, while examining emotional regimes, codes, and lexicons from social, cultural, or political history perspectives. Others focus on the history of medicine, science, or psychology. What somebody can and may feel (and show) in a given situation, towards certain people or things, depends on social norms and rules; thus historically variable and open to change. Several research centers have opened in the past few years in Germany, England, Spain, Sweden, and Australia.

Question: Along with Germany, England, Spain and Australia, where has a research center on the history of emotions recently opened?
Answer: Sweden
Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Ernest II (German: "Ernst August Karl Johann Leopold Alexander Eduard"; 21 June 181822 August 1893) was the sovereign duke of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 29 January 1844 to his death. He was born in Coburg; his father Ernest III, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, became Duke Ernest I of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1826 through an exchange of territories.
Symphony No. 2 (Raff)
Symphony No. 2 in C major, Op. 140, was composed by Joachim Raff in Weimar in 1866. It is one of the three Raff symphonies that does not carry a descriptive title. It is dedicated to Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. It was premiered in Weimar in 1867 and was published two years later in Mainz. A few years later the symphony received its second performance in the Leipzig Gewandhaus under Raff's baton. A typical performance lasts for about 37 minutes.

Question: When was the sovereign duke of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha diedto whom Symphony No. 2 in C major, Op. 140 dedicated to?
Answer: 22 August 1893
Hunter-gatherer
At the 1966 "Man the Hunter" conference, anthropologists Richard Borshay Lee and Irven DeVore suggested that egalitarianism was one of several central characteristics of nomadic hunting and gathering societies because mobility requires minimization of material possessions throughout a population. Therefore, no surplus of resources can be accumulated by any single member. Other characteristics Lee and DeVore proposed were flux in territorial boundaries as well as in demographic composition.

Question: Why is there a lessening of material possessions in hunting and gathering groups?
Answer: mobility
Greg McAdoo
Greg McAdoo is a general partner at Bolt.io in Silicon Valley since 2017. Prior to joining Bolt.io, Greg spent 12 years as a Senior Partner at Sequoia Capital. Greg specializes in internet services, mobile, energy and technology investments. Greg at some time was on the boards of Airbnb, Bump Technologies, Cue, Clustrix, Imageshack, MeLLmo and Songkick. Greg also led Sequoia's investment in Y Combinator and previously sat on the boards of Isilon Systems, Loopt, RockYou, Achates Power and PowerFile.
Bump (application)
Bump! is a discontinued iOS and Android mobile app that enables smartphone users to transfer contact information, photos and files between devices. In 2011, it was #8 on Apple's list of all-time most popular free iPhone apps, and by February 2013 it had been downloaded 125 million times. Its developer, Bump Technologies, shut down the service and discontinued the app on January 31, 2014, after being acquired by Google for Google Photos and Android Camera.

Question: Which company, that had Greg McAdoo on their board, was acquired by Google?
Answer: Bump Technologies
Voyages of Christopher Columbus
In 1492, a Spanish-based transatlantic maritime expedition led by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus encountered the Americas, continents which were virtually unknown in Europe, Asia and Africa and were outside the Old World political and economic system. The four voyages of Columbus led to the widespread knowledge that a continent existed west of Europe and east of Asia. This breakthrough in geographical knowledge inaugurated a period of exploration, conquest, colonization, biological exchange, and trans-Atlantic trade, whose effects and consequences persist to the present, and are sometimes cited as the start of the modern era. 
Voyages of Christopher Columbus
It was long believed that Columbus had been the first European explorer to reach the Americas, but in fact he had been preceded by the Viking expedition led by Leif Erikson in the 11th century. However, Columbus's voyages were the ones that led to ongoing European contact with the Americas. 
Guacanagaríx
Guacanagarix (alternate transcriptions: Guacanacaríc, Guacanagarí) was one of five Taíno caciques of the Caribbean island henceforth known as Hispaniola at the arrival of the Europeans in 1492. This was contemporaneous with the first of the voyages of Christopher Columbus.

Question: Hispaniola was found by the same person who alerted Europe of which unknown continent?
Answer: Americas
Valencia
Valencia's port is the biggest on the Mediterranean western coast, the first of Spain in container traffic as of 2008 and the second of Spain in total traffic, handling 20% of Spain's exports. The main exports are foodstuffs and beverages. Other exports include oranges, furniture, ceramic tiles, fans, textiles and iron products. Valencia's manufacturing sector focuses on metallurgy, chemicals, textiles, shipbuilding and brewing. Small and medium-sized industries are an important part of the local economy, and before the current crisis unemployment was lower than the Spanish average.

Question: Where does Valencia's port rank among Spanish ports in terms of total traffic?
Answer: second
La Cage aux Folles (film)
La Cage aux Folles (] , "The Cage of Madwomen") is a 1978 Franco-Italian comedy film and the first film adaptation of Jean Poiret's 1973 play "La Cage aux Folles". It is co-written and directed by Édouard Molinaro and stars Ugo Tognazzi and Michel Serrault.
Ambra Danon
Ambra Danon is an Italian costume designer. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Costume Design for his work in the film "La Cage aux Folles" (1978).

Question: What is the release year of this Franco-Italian comedy film whose costume designer Ambra Danon was nominated for the Academy Award for Costume Design?
Answer: 1978
Anthropology
"Kinship" can refer both to "the study of" the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures, or it can refer to "the patterns of social relationships" themselves. Over its history, anthropology has developed a number of related concepts and terms, such as "descent", "descent groups", "lineages", "affines", "cognates", and even "fictive kinship". Broadly, kinship patterns may be considered to include people related both by descent (one's social relations during development), and also relatives by marriage. Within kinship you have two different families. People have their biological families and it is the people they share DNA with. This is called consanguineal relations or "blood ties". People can also have a chosen family Finding Connection Through "Chosen Family" in which they chose who they want to be a part of their family. In some cases people are closer with their chosen family more than with their biological families.

Question: When has anthropology developed related terms?
Answer: Over its history