qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Red Bull GmbH
Red Bull GmbH (] ) is an Austrian private company known for its range of energy drinks. It is also known for its sponsorship of a range of sporting events and teams. In 2019, a total of 7.5 billion cans of Red Bull were sold worldwide in over 171 countries. The headquarters of Red Bull GmbH are located in Fuschl am See, Austria.
Scuderia Toro Rosso
Scuderia Toro Rosso, commonly known as Toro Rosso or by its abbreviation STR, was an Italian Formula One racing team. The Italian name "Toro Rosso" translates to "Red Bull". It was one of two Formula One teams owned by Austrian beverage company Red Bull, the other being Red Bull Racing. Toro Rosso functioned as a junior team to Red Bull Racing, with the aim of developing the skills of promising drivers for the senior team. The team made its racing début in the season, moving to complete independence from its sister team in . The team changed its name to Scuderia AlphaTauri in .

Question: Scuderia Toro Rosso, commonly known as Toro Rosso or by its abbreviation STR, is an Italian Formula One racing team, and is one of two F1 teams owned by which Austrian beverage company, which sells the Red Bull energy drink?
Answer: Red Bull GmbH
Empiricism
This idea was later developed in ancient philosophy by the Stoic school, from about 330 BCE. Stoic epistemology generally emphasized that the mind starts blank, but acquires knowledge as the outside world is impressed upon it. The doxographer Aetius summarizes this view as "When a man is born, the Stoics say, he has the commanding part of his soul like a sheet of paper ready for writing upon."

Question: Whose ideas did Sextus build on?
Answer: Aetius
Frédéric Chopin
Chopin's études are largely in straightforward ternary form. He used them to teach his own technique of piano playing—for instance playing double thirds (Op. 25, No. 6), playing in octaves (Op. 25, No. 10), and playing repeated notes (Op. 10, No.  7).

Question: What form are most of Chopin's études in?
Answer: straightforward ternary
Mosaic
Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.

Question: What common element do mosaic panels from the 11th century have?
Answer: simple colors
Carol (music)
A carol, in Modern English, is a festive song, generally religious but not necessarily connected with church worship, and often with a dance or a popular character. The verb caroling (or "to carol") also refers to the singing of carols.
The Seven Joys of Mary (carol)
"The Seven Joys of Mary" (Roud # 278) is a traditional carol about Mary's happiness at moments in the life of Jesus, probably inspired by the trope of the Seven Joys of the Virgin in the devotional literature and art of Medieval Europe. Though not traditionally associated with Christmas, it has become so in the modern era.

Question: What is the name of a festive song with a dance-like character about Mary's happiness?
Answer: The Seven Joys of Mary
Taylor Swift videography
American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has released four video albums and has appeared in fifty-five music videos, five films and three television shows. From her eponymous debut studio album (2006), she released music videos for the singles "Tim McGraw", "Teardrops on My Guitar", "Our Song", and "Picture to Burn", all directed by Trey Fanjoy and released from 2006–08. For the second of these, she earned an MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist nomination. She followed with three other music videos in 2008—"Beautiful Eyes" from her extended play of the same name, "Change" from the "AT&T Team USA Soundtrack" and "Love Story" from her second studio album "Fearless" (2008). The latter was nominated for two awards at the 2009 CMT Music Awards—Video of the Year and Female Video of the Year. For the video of "You Belong with Me" she won Best Female Video at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards. During her acceptance speech, she was interrupted by rapper Kanye West, which sparked controversy and received much media attention.
Change (Taylor Swift song)
"Change" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. Swift produced the song with Nathan Chapman. The song was released on August 9, 2008, with all proceeds being donated to the United States Olympic team. "Change" was written about Swift's hopes and aspirations in regards to succeeding, although being signed to the smallest record label in Nashville, Tennessee. The track was later chosen as one of the themes for the 2008 Summer Olympics and was included on the "AT&T Team USA Soundtrack", which was released on August 7, 2008. The song was later included on Swift's second studio album "Fearless", which was released in November 2008. "Change" is musically pop rock and uses divergent string instruments. Lyrically, it speaks of overcoming obstacles and achieving victory.

Question: Taylor Swift had a music video of what song, penned in 2008 by herself and co-produced along with Nathan Chapman?
Answer: Change
Bob Monkhouse
Robert Alan Monkhouse {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1 June 1928 – 29 December 2003) was an English entertainer and comedian. He was well-known as a host of television game shows, including "The Golden Shot", "Celebrity Squares" and "Family Fortunes".
Bob Monkhouse
Monkhouse was born on 1 June 1928 at 168 Bromley Road, Beckenham, Kent, the son of Wilfred Adrian Monkhouse (1894–1957) and Dorothy Muriel Monkhouse "née" Hansard (1895–1971). Monkhouse had an elder brother, John, who was born in 1922. Monkhouse's grandfather John Monkhouse (1862–1938) was a prosperous Methodist businessman who co-founded Monk and Glass, which made custard powder and jelly. In a 2015 documentary, it was revealed that Monkhouse and his older brother suffered from physical and verbal abuse by their mother.
Patricia Highsmith
Patricia Highsmith (January 19, 1921 – February 4, 1995) was an American novelist and short story writer best known for her psychological thrillers, including her series of five novels featuring the character Tom Ripley. She wrote 22 novels and numerous short stories throughout her career spanning nearly five decades, and her work has led to more than two dozen film adaptations. Her writing derived influence from existentialist literature, and questioned notions of identity and popular morality. She was dubbed "the poet of apprehension" by novelist Graham Greene.
Patricia Highsmith
Her first novel, "Strangers on a Train", has been adapted for stage and screen numerous times, notably by Alfred Hitchcock in 1951. Her 1955 novel "The Talented Mr. Ripley" has been adapted numerous times for film, theatre, and radio. Writing under the pseudonym "Claire Morgan", Highsmith published the first lesbian novel with a happy ending, "The Price of Salt", in 1952, republished 38 years later as "Carol" under her own name and later adapted into a 2015 film.

Question: Who wrote more novels, Bob Monkhouse or Patricia Highsmith?
Answer: Patricia Highsmith
Separation of church and state in the United States
Originalist critics of the modern concept of the "separation of church and state" argue that it is contrary to the conception of the phrase as the Founding Fathers understood it. But society and the law have changed. In the case of "Locke v. Davey" (2004), briefs before the Supreme Court, including by the U.S. government, argued that some state constitutional amendments relating to the modern conception of separation of church and state (Blaine Amendments) were motivated by and intended to enact anti-Catholicism.

Question: What are state constitutional amendments relating to separation of church and state known as?
Answer: Blaine Amendments
Air India
Air India is the flag carrier airline of India, headquartered at New Delhi. It is owned by Air India Limited, a government-owned enterprise, and operates a fleet of Airbus and Boeing aircraft serving 102 domestic and international destinations. The airline has its hub at Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi, alongside several focus cities across India. Air India is the largest international carrier out of India with an 18.6% market share. Over 60 international destinations are served by Air India across four continents. The airline became the 27th member of Star Alliance on 11 July 2014.
List of Indian Airlines destinations
Indian served the following destinations before being merged into Air India on 26 February 2011:

Question: How many destinations are served by the airline that Indian merged into on 26 February 2011?
Answer: 60 international destinations
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again is a 1979 American comedy-western film directed by Vincent McEveety. Produced by Walt Disney Productions, it is a sequel to "The Apple Dumpling Gang" (1975), starring the comedy duo of Tim Conway and Don Knotts reprising their respective roles as Amos and Theodore. The film also stars Tim Matheson, Harry Morgan, and Kenneth Mars.
The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again
Amos Tucker (Conway) and Theodore Ogelvie (Knotts), a pair of bumbling holdup men now going straight, arrive in the "boom town" of Junction City to start anew. But the duo end up causing havoc while getting cheated out of their money by two bank robbers named Wes Hardin (Osmond) and Hank Starrett (Gehring). Things worsen when Amos and Theodore end up being suspected of the robbery and end up on the run from the town's feared lawman Marshal Wooly Bill Hitchcock (Mars), who developed a personal vendetta toward Amos and Theodore after they accidentally humiliated and injured the marshal on two occasions. To escape Hitchcock's vengeance, ditching their donkey Clarise, as she was used by the robbers, Amos and Theodore enlist in the United States Cavalry at Fort Concho. But the duo's bunglings and a run-in with a now insane marshal, who found them by following Clarise, result in the fort being burned to the ground. The following day, the fort commander Major Gaskill (Morgan) is relieved of his position while Amos and Theodore are placed in a military jail.
Toy Story 3
Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's "Toy Story" series, and the sequel to 1999's "Toy Story 2". It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of "Toy Story 2", written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively, director and co-writer of the first two films.
Toy Story 3
The plot focuses on Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and Andy's other remaining toys accidentally being donated to a day care center, while Andy, now 17 years old, is preparing to leave for college, and their ensuing race to get home before Andy leaves. In the film's ensemble voice cast, Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, John Morris, Laurie Metcalf and R. Lee Ermey (in his final voice role as Sarge before his death on April 15, 2018), reprise their roles from previous films. Jim Varney, who voiced Slinky Dog in the first two films, died on February 10, 2000, 10 years before the release of the third film, so the role of Slinky was passed down to Blake Clark. The returning cast is joined by Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin who voice the new characters introduced in this film.

Question: Toy Story 3 and The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again are both what kind of movie?
Answer: a sequel
Dutch language
Owing to commercial and colonial rivalry in the 16th and 17th centuries between England and the Low Countries, a cognate of "theodisk" (most likely Middle Dutch "Duutsc") was borrowed into English and developed into the exonym "Dutch", which came to refer exclusively to the people of the Netherlands. (A usage of the English term "Dutch" that includes German survives in the United States in the name Pennsylvania Dutch for a local German dialect and its speakers, commonly believed to be a corruption of their endonym "Deitsch".) In the Low Countries on the contrary, "Dietsch" or "Duytsch" as endonym for Dutch went out of common use and was gradually replaced by the Dutch endonym "Nederlands". This designation started at the Burgundian court in the 15th century, although the use of "neder", "laag", "bas", and "inferior" ("nether" or "low") to refer to the area known as the Low Counties goes back further in time. The Romans referred to the region as "Germania Inferior" ("Lower" Germania). It is a reference to the Low Countries' downriver location at the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta near the North Sea.

Question: What does the word "Neder" translate to in English?
Answer: low
Pope Paul VI
After the council, Paul VI contributed in two ways to the continued growth of ecumenical dialogue. The separated brothers and sisters, as he called them, were not able to contribute to the council as invited observers. After the council, many of them took initiative to seek out their Catholic counterparts and the Pope in Rome, who welcomed such visits. But the Catholic Church itself recognised from the many previous ecumenical encounters, that much needed to be done within, to be an open partner for ecumenism. To those who are entrusted the highest and deepest truth and therefore, so Paul VI, believed that he had the most difficult part to communicate. Ecumenical dialogue, in the view of Paul VI, requires from a Catholic the whole person: one's entire reason, will, and heart. Paul VI, like Pius XII before him, was reluctant to give in on a lowest possible point. And yet, Paul felt compelled to admit his ardent Gospel-based desire to be everything to everybody and to help all people Being the successor of Peter, he felt the words of Christ, "Do you love me more" like a sharp knife penetrating to the marrow of his soul. These words meant to Paul VI love without limits, and they underscore the Church's fundamental approach to ecumenism.

Question: How much of the person is needed to fully engage in a ecumenical dialogue according to Paul VI?
Answer: whole
Utrecht
A series of such fortresses was built after the Roman emperor Claudius decided the empire should not expand further north. To consolidate the border, the Limes Germanicus defense line was constructed along the main branch of the river Rhine, which at that time flowed through a more northern bed compared to today (what is now the Kromme Rijn). These fortresses were designed to house a cohort of about 500 Roman soldiers. Near the fort, settlements would grow housing artisans, traders and soldiers' wives and children.

Question: How many soldiers did the fortress hold 
Answer: These fortresses were designed to house a cohort of about 500 Roman soldiers
Myocardial infarction
Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet and excessive alcohol intake. The complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque is usually the underlying mechanism of an MI. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests and coronary angiography. An ECG, which is a recording of the heart's electrical activity, may confirm an ST elevation MI (STEMI), if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.

Question: What type of blood tests are used?
Answer: troponin
Easton, Pennsylvania
Easton is a city in and the county seat of Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States. The city's population was 26,800 as of the 2010 census. Easton is located at the confluence of the Delaware River and the Lehigh River, roughly 55 mi north of Philadelphia and 70 mi west of New York City.
Delaware River
The Delaware River is a major river on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It drains an area of 14119 sqmi in four U.S. states: Delaware, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania. Rising in two branches in New York state's Catskill Mountains, the river flows 419 mi into Delaware Bay where its waters enter the Atlantic Ocean near Cape May in New Jersey and Cape Henlopen in Delaware. Not including Delaware Bay, the river's length including its two branches is 388 mi .

Question: Which Pennsylvanian city sits at the confluence of the Delaware River?
Answer: Easton is located at the confluence of the Delaware River and the Lehigh River, roughly 55 mi north of Philadelphia and 70 mi west of New York City.
Salford Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of St. John the Evangelist, usually known as Salford Cathedral, is a Catholic cathedral on Chapel Street, Salford, Greater Manchester, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Salford and mother church of the Diocese of Salford. The architectural style is decorated neo-Gothic, and the Cathedral is a Grade II* listed building.
Plymouth Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of Saint Mary and Saint Boniface in Plymouth, England, is the seat of the Bishop of Plymouth and mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Plymouth, which covers the counties of Cornwall, Devon and Dorset. The Diocese of Plymouth was created in 1850 after the issuing of the papal bull "Universalis Ecclesiae". In 1858 the new condign cathedral was opened and put under the patronage of Virgin Mary and Saint Boniface, the latter being born in Crediton in the area of the diocese.

Question: Are both Salford Cathedral and Plymouth Cathedral found in the same country?
Answer: yes
Meet the Robinsons
Meet the Robinsons is a 2007 American computer-animated science fiction comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures on March 30, 2007. The 47th Disney animated feature film, it was released in standard and Disney Digital 3-D versions. The film is loosely based on characters from the children's book "A Day with Wilbur Robinson", by William Joyce. The voice cast includes Jordan Fry, Wesley Singerman, Harland Williams, Tom Kenny, Steve Anderson, Laurie Metcalf, Adam West, Tom Selleck, and Angela Bassett. It was the first film released after then-Pixar executive John Lasseter became chief creative officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios.
Little Wonders
"Little Wonders" is a song by Rob Thomas recorded for Disney's animated feature "Meet the Robinsons" in 2007. It is the second single from the "Meet the Robinsons" soundtrack. It is featured on the film's soundtrack and in the ending of the film itself, and has been released as a single.

Question: Which book inspired the film that contains Rob Thomas's 2007 single "Little Wonders?"
Answer: A Day with Wilbur Robinson
The Goldbergs (2013 TV series)
The Goldbergs is an American period sitcom television series that premiered on September 24, 2013, on ABC. The series was created by Adam F. Goldberg and stars Wendi McLendon-Covey, Jeff Garlin, Sean Giambrone, Troy Gentile, Hayley Orrantia and George Segal. The show is produced by Adam F. Goldberg, Seth Gordon, and Doug Robinson. It is based on Goldberg's childhood and family in the 1980s, complete with a childhood version of himself. On May 21, 2020, ABC renewed the series for an eighth season.
The Goldbergs (2013 TV series)
"The Goldbergs" is set in the 1980s in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania and shows the reality of the '80s through a preadolescent's, and later in the series, teenager's, eyes. The show is loosely based on the showrunner's childhood, during which he regularly videotaped events – many of these videos are reenacted throughout the program, with the original version then shown before the end credits.
Sean Giambrone
Sean Giambrone (born May 30, 1999) is an American actor and voice actor. His roles include Adam F. Goldberg in the sitcom "The Goldbergs", and Ron Stoppable in the Disney Channel live action version of "Kim Possible". He was the voice of Jeff Randell in "Clarence", and Russell in "Russell Madness". He voices Yumyulack in "Solar Opposites".
Sean Giambrone
Giambrone was born in St. Joseph, Michigan to a family of Italian and German descent, and raised in Park Ridge, Illinois, where he attended Lincoln Middle School and Maine South High School. s of 2019 he is based out of Los Angeles but often visits Park Ridge.

Question: Who does the actor ,best known for his role an American television period sitcom that premiered on Tuesday, September 24, 2013 on ABC, voice?
Answer: Jeff Randell in "Clarence"
Black people
By contrast, slave records from Louisiana show that the French and Spanish colonists recorded more complete identities of the West Africans, including ethnicities and given tribal names.

Question: Which colonists recorded more complete identities of the West Africans?
Answer: French and Spanish colonists
War on terror
Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U.S.-led military action have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan, which has disowned its earlier support for the Taliban and contributed tens of thousands of soldiers to the conflict. Pakistan was also engaged in the Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (a.k.a. Waziristan War or North-West Pakistan War). Supported by U.S. intelligence, Pakistan was attempting to remove the Taliban insurgency and al-Qaeda element from the northern tribal areas.

Question: Where in Pakistan is Waziristan?
Answer: North-West
Bermuda
Bermuda's national cricket team participated in the Cricket World Cup 2007 in the West Indies. Their most famous player is a 130 kg police officer named Dwayne Leverock. But India defeated Bermuda and set a record of 413 runs in a One-Day International (ODI). Bermuda were knocked out of the World Cup. Also very well known is David Hemp, a former captain of Glamorgan in English first class cricket. The annual "Cup Match" cricket tournament between rival parishes St George's in the east and Somerset in the west is the occasion for a popular national holiday. This tournament began in 1872 when Captain Moresby of the Royal Navy introduced the game to Bermuda, holding a match at Somerset to mark "forty years since the unjust thraldom of slavery". The East End versus West End rivalry resulted from the locations of the "St. George's Garrison" (the original army headquarters in Bermuda) on Barrack Hill, St. George's, and the Royal Naval Dockyard at Ireland Island. Moresby founded the Somerset Cricket Club which plays the St. George's Cricket Club in this game (the membership of both clubs has long been mostly civilian).

Question: What began in 1872 when the game of cricket was introduced to Bermuda?
Answer: annual "Cup Match"
Universal Pictures
In 1928, Laemmle, Sr. made his son, Carl, Jr. head of Universal Pictures as a 21st birthday present. Universal already had a reputation for nepotism—at one time, 70 of Carl, Sr.'s relatives were supposedly on the payroll. Many of them were nephews, resulting in Carl, Sr. being known around the studios as "Uncle Carl." Ogden Nash famously quipped in rhyme, "Uncle Carl Laemmle/Has a very large faemmle." Among these relatives was future Academy Award-winning director/producer William Wyler.

Question: What was Carl Laemmle, Sr.'s nickname at Universal?
Answer: Uncle Carl
Letter case
The terms "upper case" and "lower case" may be written as two consecutive words, connected with a hyphen ("upper-case" and "lower-case" particularly if they pre-modify another noun), or as a single word ("uppercase" and "lowercase"). These terms originated from the common layouts of the shallow drawers called "type cases" used to hold the movable type for letterpress printing. Traditionally, the capital letters were stored in a separate shallow tray or "case" that was located above the case that held the small letters.

Question: The terms uppercase and lowercase originated from the common layout which type of drawers?
Answer: shallow
New York City
A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624—making New York the 12th oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement in the continental United States—with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on a citadel and Fort Amsterdam, later called "Nieuw Amsterdam" (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island. The colony of New Amsterdam was centered on what would later be known as Lower Manhattan. It extended from the lower tip of Manhattan to modern day Wall Street, where a 12-foot wooden stockade was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and British raids. In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General Peter Minuit, acting as charged by the Dutch West India Company, purchased the island of Manhattan from the "Canarsie", a small Lenape band, for "the value of 60 guilders" (about $900 in 2018). A disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.

Question: On what island did the Dutch set up a settlement to trade furs?
Answer: Governors Island
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand ( ), formerly known as Uttaranchal ( ), is a state in the northern part of India. It is often referred to as the "Devabhumi" (literally "Land of the Gods") due to numerous Hindu temples and pilgrimage centres found throughout the state. Uttarakhand is known for the natural environment of the Himalayas, the Bhabar and the Terai regions. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north; the Sudurpashchim Pradesh of Nepal to the east; the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh to the south and Himachal Pradesh to the west and north-west. The state is divided into two divisions, Garhwal and Kumaon, with a total of 13 districts. The winter capital of Uttarakhand is Dehradun, the largest city of the state, which is a rail head. Gairsain, a town in Chamoli district is the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The High Court of the state is located in Nainital.
Bedini Bugyal
Bedini Bugyal is a Himalayan Alpine meadow and a hill station , situated at an elevation of 3354 m in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand state of India. Bedini Bugyal falls on the way to Roopkund near Wan village. Trisul and Nanda Ghunti are clearly visible from here. This lush green meadow is adorned with blooms in a wide range of varieties. There is a small lake named "Vaitarani" (Bedini Kund), situated amidst the meadow. The rich flora of the area includes 'Brahm Kamal' or "Saussurea obvallata".

Question: Uttarakhand is known for the natural environment of the Himalayas, the Bhabhar and the Terai because of what comon visible landscape features?
Answer: lush green meadow
Insect
Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer, aphids are generally female and parthenogenetic; in the autumn, males may be produced for sexual reproduction. Other insects produced by parthenogenesis are bees, wasps and ants, in which they spawn males. However, overall, most individuals are female, which are produced by fertilization. The males are haploid and the females are diploid. More rarely, some insects display hermaphroditism, in which a given individual has both male and female reproductive organs.

Question: Aphis are usually female and what else during the summer?
Answer: parthenogenetic
Ming–Tibet relations
The Mongol prince Godan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, raided as far as Lhasa. During his attack in 1240, Prince Godan summoned Sakya Pandita (1182–1251), leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, to his court in what is now Gansu in Western China. With Sakya Pandita's submission to Godan in 1247, Tibet was officially incorporated into the Mongol Empire during the regency of Töregene Khatun (1241–1246). Michael C. van Walt van Praag writes that Godan granted Sakya Pandita temporal authority over a still politically fragmented Tibet, stating that "this investiture had little real impact" but it was significant in that it established the unique "Priest-Patron" relationship between the Mongols and the Sakya lamas.

Question: Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism?
Answer: Sakya Pandita
London
Policing in Greater London, with the exception of the City of London, is provided by the Metropolitan Police, overseen by the mayor through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC). The City of London has its own police force – the City of London Police. The British Transport Police are responsible for police services on National Rail, London Underground, Docklands Light Railway and Tramlink services.

Question: What department runs the Metropolitan Police Service?
Answer: the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC).
Philip Ball
Philip Ball (born 1962) is a British science writer. For over twenty years he has been an editor of the journal "Nature" for which he continues to write regularly. He now writes a regular column in "Chemistry World". He has contributed to publications ranging from "New Scientist" to the "New York Times", "The Guardian", the "Financial Times" and "New Statesman". He is the regular contributor to "Prospect" magazine, and also a columnist for "Chemistry World", "Nature Materials" and BBC Future. He has broadcast on many occasions on radio and TV, and in June 2004 he presented a three-part serial on nanotechnology, "Small Worlds", on BBC Radio 4.
Nature Materials
Nature Materials, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Publishing Group. It was launched in September 2002. Vincent Dusastre is the launching and current chief editor.

Question: Philip Ball is a columnist for a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Publishing Group that was launched in September of what year?
Answer: 2002
2008 Democratic National Convention
The United States 2008 Democratic National Convention was a quadrennial presidential nominating convention of the Democratic Party where it adopted its national platform and officially nominated its candidates for president and vice president. The convention was held in Denver, Colorado, from August 25 to 28, 2008, at the Pepsi Center. Senator Barack Obama from Illinois gave his acceptance speech on August 28 at Invesco Field in what the party called an "Open Convention". Denver last hosted the Democratic National Convention in 1908. Obama became the party's first nonwhite nominee, and nominee of African descent, for president. Senator Joe Biden from Delaware was nominated for vice president.
2008 Democratic National Convention
Obama officially received the nomination for President on August 27, when his former opponent, U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton of New York, interrupted the official roll call to move that Obama be selected by acclamation. U.S. Senator Joe Biden of Delaware accepted the nomination for Vice President on the same night. Obama accepted his nomination the following night in a speech at Invesco Field before a record-setting crowd of 84,000 people in attendance.
2008 Oklahoma Democratic presidential primary
The 2008 Oklahoma Democratic presidential primary, part of the process of selecting that party's nominee for President of the United States, took place on February 5, one of the many nominating contests of 2008's "Super Tuesday". The primary election chose 38 pledged delegates to represent Oklahoma at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. The remainder of Oklahoma's 47 delegates consisted of unpledged superdelegates not bound by the results of the primary. The election was a closed primary, meaning that only registered Democrats could vote in this election. Hillary Clinton won the primary by a significant margin.

Question: Where did Oklahoma send it's 38 pledged delegates to represent them in the 2008 Democratic National Convention?
Answer: Denver, Colorado
Freemasonry
English Freemasonry spread to France in the 1720s, first as lodges of expatriates and exiled Jacobites, and then as distinctively French lodges which still follow the ritual of the Moderns. From France and England, Freemasonry spread to most of Continental Europe during the course of the 18th century. The Grande Loge de France formed under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Clermont, who exercised only nominal authority. His successor, the Duke of Orléans, reconstituted the central body as the Grand Orient de France in 1773. Briefly eclipsed during the French Revolution, French Freemasonry continued to grow in the next century, at first under the leadership of Alexandre Francois Auguste de Grasse, Comte de Grassy-Tilly. A career Army officer, he had lived with his family in Charleston, South Carolina from 1793 to the early 1800s, after leaving Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) during the years of the Haitian Revolution.

Question: Who was the successor to the Duke of Clermont?
Answer: Duke of Orléans
Alloy
The introduction of the blast furnace to Europe in the Middle Ages meant that people could produce pig iron in much higher volumes than wrought iron. Because pig iron could be melted, people began to develop processes to reduce carbon in liquid pig iron to create steel. Puddling had been used in China since the first century, and was introduced in Europe during the 1700s, where molten pig iron was stirred while exposed to the air, to remove the carbon by oxidation. In 1858, Henry Bessemer developed a process of steel-making by blowing hot air through liquid pig iron to reduce the carbon content. The Bessemer process led to the first large scale manufacture of steel.
Alloy
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon, but the term "alloy steel" usually only refers to steels that contain other elements— like vanadium, molybdenum, or cobalt—in amounts sufficient to alter the properties of the base steel. Since ancient times, when steel was used primarily for tools and weapons, the methods of producing and working the metal were often closely guarded secrets. Even long after the Age of reason, the steel industry was very competitive and manufacturers went through great lengths to keep their processes confidential, resisting any attempts to scientifically analyze the material for fear it would reveal their methods. For example, the people of Sheffield, a center of steel production in England, were known to routinely bar visitors and tourists from entering town to deter industrial espionage. Thus, almost no metallurgical information existed about steel until 1860. Because of this lack of understanding, steel was not generally considered an alloy until the decades between 1930 and 1970 (primarily due to the work of scientists like William Chandler Roberts-Austen, Adolf Martens, and Edgar Bain), so "alloy steel" became the popular term for ternary and quaternary steel-alloys.

Question: By reducing carbon in liquid pig iron, what was created?
Answer: steel
Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress
Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress is a rotating theater audio-animatronic stage show attraction that is located in Tomorrowland at the Magic Kingdom theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida just outside of Orlando, Florida. Created by both Walt Disney and WED Enterprises as the prime feature of the General Electric (GE) Pavilion for the 1964 New York World's Fair, the attraction was moved to Tomorrowland at Disneyland in Anaheim, California as Carousel of Progress, remaining there from 1967 until 1973. It was replaced in Disneyland by America Sings in 1974, and reopened in its present home in the Magic Kingdom in 1975.
There's a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow
"There's A Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow" is the theme song to two Disney attractions, Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress at the Magic Kingdom of Walt Disney World (formerly at Disneyland) and Innoventions at Disneyland. It was also used in one scene of the Epcot attraction Horizons.

Question: There's a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow is the theme song to the prime feature of the GE Pavilion for the 1964 New York World's Fair and what other attraction?
Answer: Innoventions at Disneyland
Hunting
Hunting is still vital in marginal climates, especially those unsuited for pastoral uses or agriculture. For example, Inuit people in the Arctic trap and hunt animals for clothing and use the skins of sea mammals to make kayaks, clothing, and footwear.

Question: Where is hunting still vital?
Answer: marginal climates
The Way We Live Now (2001 TV serial)
The Way We Live Now is a 2001 four-part television adaptation of the Anthony Trollope 1875 novel "The Way We Live Now". The serial was first broadcast on the BBC and was directed by David Yates, written by Andrew Davies and produced by Nigel Stafford-Clark. David Suchet starred as Augustus Melmotte, with Shirley Henderson as his daughter Marie, Matthew Macfadyen as Sir Felix Carbury, Cillian Murphy as Paul Montague and Miranda Otto as Mrs Hurtle.
Anthony Trollope
Anthony Trollope ( ; 24 April 1815 – 6 December 1882) was an English novelist and civil servant of the Victorian era. Among his best-known works is a series of novels collectively known as the Chronicles of Barsetshire, which revolves around the imaginary county of Barsetshire. He also wrote novels on political, social, and gender issues, and other topical matters.

Question: What kinds of works did Anthony Trollope produce?
Answer: novel
John Alderton
John Alderton (born 27 November 1940) is an English actor who is best known for his roles in "Upstairs, Downstairs", "Thomas & Sarah", "Wodehouse Playhouse", "Little Miss" (original television series), "Please Sir!" and "Fireman Sam" (the original series). Alderton has often starred alongside his wife, Pauline Collins.
Strychnine in the Soup
"Strychnine in the Soup" is a short story by the British comic writer P. G. Wodehouse. A part of the Mr. Mulliner series, the story was first published in the US in "The American Magazine" in December 1931 (as "A Missing Mystery"), and in the UK in "The Strand Magazine" in March 1932. It also appears in the collection "Mulliner Nights" (1933).
Strychnine in the Soup
Cyril Mulliner, an interior decorator with a passion for mystery stories, finds a handful of his flesh being twisted by the lovely Amelia Bassett at a showing of "The Grey Vampire" and the two fall instantly in love with each other. Fate, however, has thrown a spanner in the works, in the form of Amelia's mother, Lady Bassett, a well-known big game hunter and explorer, who objects to an interior decorator as a son-in-law, preferring that Amelia marry Lester Mapledurham ("pronounced 'Mum'"), another well-known big game hunter and explorer. The plot twists and turns (and thickens) but Cyril wins Amelia in the end, thanks to a wandering copy of the new Inspector Mould mystery, "Strychnine in the Soup".

Question: "Strychnine in the Soup" is a short story by the British comic writer P. G. Wodehouse, a BBC TV adaptation of the story aired on 9 April 1976, Cyril Mulliner was played by John Alderton (born 27 November 1940) is an English actor, and has often starred alongside his wife, who?
Answer: Pauline Collins
Aspirated consonant
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩ , a superscript equals sign: ⟨t˭⟩ . Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩ .

Question: How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration?
Answer: with the modifier letter
Imperial College London
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust was formed on 1 October 2007 by the merger of Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust (Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital and Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital) and St Mary's NHS Trust (St. Mary's Hospital and Western Eye Hospital) with Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine. It is an academic health science centre and manages five hospitals: Charing Cross Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, St Mary's Hospital, and Western Eye Hospital. The Trust is currently one of the largest in the UK and in 2012/13 had a turnover of £971.3 million, employed approximately 9,770 people and treated almost 1.2 million patients.

Question: What is it considered to be?
Answer: an academic health science centre
Yale University
The Yale Report of 1828 was a dogmatic defense of the Latin and Greek curriculum against critics who wanted more courses in modern languages, mathematics, and science. Unlike higher education in Europe, there was no national curriculum for colleges and universities in the United States. In the competition for students and financial support, college leaders strove to keep current with demands for innovation. At the same time, they realized that a significant portion of their students and prospective students demanded a classical background. The Yale report meant the classics would not be abandoned. All institutions experimented with changes in the curriculum, often resulting in a dual-track. In the decentralized environment of higher education in the United States, balancing change with tradition was a common challenge because no one could afford to be completely modern or completely classical. A group of professors at Yale and New Haven Congregationalist ministers articulated a conservative response to the changes brought about by the Victorian culture. They concentrated on developing a whole man possessed of religious values sufficiently strong to resist temptations from within, yet flexible enough to adjust to the 'isms' (professionalism, materialism, individualism, and consumerism) tempting him from without. William Graham Sumner, professor from 1872 to 1909, taught in the emerging disciplines of economics and sociology to overflowing classrooms. He bested President Noah Porter, who disliked social science and wanted Yale to lock into its traditions of classical education. Porter objected to Sumner's use of a textbook by Herbert Spencer that espoused agnostic materialism because it might harm students.

Question: Why was The Yale Report established?
Answer: the classics would not be abandoned
2008 Sichuan earthquake
Francis Marcus of the International Federation of the Red Cross praised the Chinese rescue effort as "swift and very efficient" in Beijing on Tuesday. But he added the scale of the disaster was such that "we can't expect that the government can do everything and handle every aspect of the needs". The "Economist" noted that China reacted to the disaster "rapidly and with uncharacteristic openness", contrasting it with Burma's secretive response to Cyclone Nargis, which devastated that country 10 days before the earthquake.

Question: What did Francis Marcus say of the Chinese relief effort?
Answer: swift and very efficient
Makes Me Wonder
"Makes Me Wonder" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on March 27, 2007, as the first single from their second studio album, "It Won't Be Soon Before Long" (2007). It premiered on the Las Vegas radio station KMXB, and became an instant hit worldwide. Upon release, the song set a record for the biggest jump to number-one in the history of the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, rising from number 64 to number one. However, the record was later broken by Kelly Clarkson's 2009 single, "My Life Would Suck Without You".
Kelly Clarkson
Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24, 1982) is an American singer-songwriter, actress, author and television personality. She rose to fame in 2002, after winning the first season of "American Idol", which earned her a record deal with RCA Records. Clarkson's debut single, "A Moment Like This", topped the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart and became the country's best-selling single of 2002. It was followed by the release of her debut studio album, "Thankful" (2003), which debuted atop the US "Billboard" 200. Trying to reinvent her image, Clarkson parted ways with "Idol" management and shifted to pop rock music for her second album, "Breakaway" (2004). After numerous top 40 radio number-one singles, such as "Since U Been Gone" and "Because of You", the album sold over 12 million copies worldwide and earned Clarkson two Grammy Awards.
Kelly Clarkson
She took further creative control for her third album, "My December" (2007), by becoming the executive producer and co-writing the entire album. However, her label was dissatisfied with her darker rock music and promoted the album reluctantly. Clarkson returned to the top of the charts with her more mainstream-oriented fourth album, "All I Ever Wanted" (2009). Its lead single, "My Life Would Suck Without You", holds the record for the biggest jump to number one on the Hot 100 chart. Her fifth studio album, "Stronger" (2011), made Clarkson the first artist to win the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album twice. It spawned her third Hot 100 number-one single "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)". She became the first American female artist to achieve the best-selling holiday album of the year with "Wrapped in Red" (2013). Following the release of her third number-one album "Piece by Piece" (2015), Clarkson concluded her contract with RCA Records and signed with Atlantic Records in 2016. Her soul-influenced eighth album, "Meaning of Life" (2017), hit number two on the "Billboard" 200 and garnered her a record fifth Grammy nomination for Best Pop Vocal Album.

Question: What record was taken from Makes Me Wonder by an American Idol winner 2002?
Answer: biggest jump to number-one in the history
Ian Brown
Ian George Brown (born 20 February 1963) is an English singer and multi-instrumentalist. He was the lead singer of the alternative rock band the Stone Roses from their formation in 1984. Following the split in 1996, he began a solo career, releasing seven studio albums, a greatest hits compilation, a remix album, an 11-disc box set titled "Collection", and 19 singles. He has performed solo shows in 45 countries. He returned to singing for the Stone Roses in 2011, although this did not spell the end of his solo endeavours, releasing "First World Problems" through Virgin/EMI Records on 25 October 2018. He had a cameo appearance in "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban".
Under the Influence (compilation album)
Under the Influence is a series of various artist compilation albums released by DMC UK. The tracks for each album are chosen by an artist or band to show the music that has influenced their work. "UtI" compilations have been compiled by Morrissey, Ian Brown, Paul Weller, Paul Heaton, Bob Geldof, Super Furry Animals, and Carl Barât. Each album has sleeve notes written by the compiler discussing the tracks selected.

Question: In which film does a compiler of an Under the Influence album play a cameo role?
Answer: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
Austral Líneas Aéreas
Cielos del Sur S.A., operating as Austral Líneas Aéreas, more commonly known by its shortened name Austral, is a domestic airline of Argentina, the sister company of Aerolíneas Argentinas. It is the second largest domestic scheduled airline in the country, after Aerolíneas Argentinas itself. As a subsidiary of Aerolíneas Argentinas, the company shares its headquarters with that airline, which is located in the Aeroparque Jorge Newbery of Buenos Aires, the main base of operations of the company.
Sauce Viejo Airport
Sauce Viejo Airport ( ) ( ) is an airport in Santa Fe Province, Argentina serving the city of Santa Fe. The airport is 10 km southwest of Santa Fe.
Sauce Viejo Airport
The new airport was built in 2005. It has a 3000 m2 terminal and parking space for 150 cars. The Sauce Viejo non-directional beacon (Ident: SVO) is located on the field.

Question: Which is the largest airport which serves Sauce Viejo Airport?
Answer: Aerolíneas Argentinas