qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
North Carolina
Over the last decade, North Carolina has become a cultural epicenter and haven for internationally prize-winning wine (Noni Bacca Winery), internationally prized cheeses (Ashe County), "L'institut International aux Arts Gastronomiques: Conquerront Les Yanks les Truffes, January 15, 2010" international hub for truffles (Garland Truffles), and beer making, as tobacco land has been converted to grape orchards while state laws regulating alcohol content in beer allowed a jump in ABV from 6% to 15%. The Yadkin Valley in particular has become a strengthening market for grape production, while Asheville recently won the recognition of being named 'Beer City USA'. Asheville boasts the largest number of breweries per capita of any city in the United States. Recognized and marketed brands of beer in North Carolina include Highland Brewing, Duck Rabbit Brewery, Mother Earth Brewery, Weeping Radish Brewery, Big Boss Brewing, Foothills Brewing, Carolina Brewing Company, Lonerider Brewing, and White Rabbit Brewing Company.

Question: North carolina state law allowed a jump in alcohol volume from 6% to what percent?
Answer: 15%.
Serbo-Croatian
Like most Slavic languages, there are mostly three genders for nouns: masculine, feminine, and neuter, a distinction which is still present even in the plural (unlike Russian and, in part, the Čakavian dialect). They also have two numbers: singular and plural. However, some consider there to be three numbers (paucal or "dual," too), since (still preserved in closely related Slovene) after two ("dva", "dvije"/"dve"), three ("tri") and four ("četiri"), and all numbers ending in them (e.g. twenty-two, ninety-three, one hundred four) the genitive singular is used, and after all other numbers five ("pet") and up, the genitive plural is used. (The number one ["jedan"] is treated as an adjective.) Adjectives are placed in front of the noun they modify and must agree in both case and number with it.

Question: Where are adjectives properly placed in the Serbo-Croatian language?
Answer: in front of the noun they modify
The Women (2008 film)
The Women is a 2008 American comedy-drama film written, produced and directed by Diane English and starring Meg Ryan, Annette Bening, Eva Mendes, Debra Messing, Jada Pinkett Smith, Carrie Fisher, Cloris Leachman, Debi Mazar, Bette Midler, and Candice Bergen. The screenplay is an updated version of the George Cukor-directed 1939 film of the same name based on a 1936 play by Clare Boothe Luce.
Diane English
Diane English (born May 18, 1948) is an American screenwriter, producer and director, best known for creating the television show "Murphy Brown" and writing and directing the 2008 feature film "The Women".

Question: Diane English is best known for creating the television show "Murphy Brown" and writing and directing the 2008 feature film, "The Women", an updated version of the George Cukor-directed 1939 film of the same name based on a 1936 play by what author?
Answer: Clare Boothe Luce
Architecture
The earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture is "De architectura" by the Roman architect Vitruvius in the early 1st century AD. According to Vitruvius, a good building should satisfy the three principles of "firmitas, utilitas, venustas", commonly known by the original translation – "firmness, commodity and delight". An equivalent in modern English would be:

Question: What is the commonly seen English translation of the three principles?
Answer: firmness, commodity and delight
Fort Leavenworth National Cemetery
Fort Leavenworth National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located on Fort Leavenworth, a United States Army installation north of Leavenworth, Kansas. It was officially established in 1862, but was used as a burial ground as early as 1844. The cemetery is the resting place of eight Medal of Honor recipients, but most are the less famous casualties of war. It was named for Brigadier General Henry Leavenworth, who was re-interred there in 1902 from Woodland Cemetery in Delhi, New York. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it occupies approximately 36.1 acre and was site to 22,679 interments, as of the end of 2005. It is maintained by Leavenworth National Cemetery.
Henry Leavenworth
Henry Leavenworth (December 10, 1783 – July 21, 1834) was an American soldier active in the War of 1812 and early military expeditions against the Plains Indians. He established Fort Leavenworth in Kansas, and named after him is the city of Leavenworth, Kansas, Leavenworth County, Kansas, and the Leavenworth Penitentiary.

Question: Fort Leavenworth National Cemetery was named for the soldier active in what war?
Answer: War of 1812
Wabash Cannonball
"The Great Rock Island Route", also known as "Wabash Cannonball", is the title of an American folk song that describes the scenic beauty and predicaments of the Wabash Cannonball Express as it traveled on the Great Rock Island train route. Over many years, this popular song's music has remained unchanged while the verses have been updated by song artists.
Wabash Cannonball
As early as 1882, sheet music titled "The Great Rock Island Route" was credited to J. A. Roff. This version and all subsequent versions contain a variation of this chorus:
Promised Land (Chuck Berry song)
"Promised Land" is a song lyric written by Chuck Berry to the melody of "Wabash Cannonball", an American folk song. The song was first recorded in this version by Chuck Berry in 1964 for his album "St. Louis to Liverpool". Released in December, 1964, it was Berry's first single issued following his prison term for a Mann Act conviction. The record peaked at #41 in the Billboard charts on January 16, 1965.

Question: When was the first documented appearance of the song Chuck Berry used as the melody in Promised Land?
Answer: 1882
Paper
Conventional bleaching of wood pulp using elemental chlorine produces and releases into the environment large amounts of chlorinated organic compounds, including chlorinated dioxins. Dioxins are recognized as a persistent environmental pollutant, regulated internationally by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. Dioxins are highly toxic, and health effects on humans include reproductive, developmental, immune and hormonal problems. They are known to be carcinogenic. Over 90% of human exposure is through food, primarily meat, dairy, fish and shellfish, as dioxins accumulate in the food chain in the fatty tissue of animals.

Question: What process of papermaking is most heavily linked to the pollution?
Answer: bleaching
Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport
Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport ( ) , also commonly known as Isla Grande Airport, is an airport in Isla Grande, a district in the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is owned by the Puerto Rico Ports Authority and is adjacent to the Puerto Rico Convention Center, the San Juan Bay, and the Pan American Cruise Ship Terminal, and overlooks Cataño. While Isla Grande's main activity is general aviation, it is still a commercial airport, handling domestic and international commercial flights.
Appleton International Airport
Appleton International Airport ( ) , formerly Outagamie County Regional Airport, is an airport located in Greenville, Wisconsin, United States, three miles west of Appleton. Although ATW is an international airport, currently there are no scheduled international flights. Rather, private aircraft arriving in the United States can clear Customs at the airport.
Appleton International Airport
It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a non-hub primary commercial service facility. It is the third busiest of eight commercial airports in Wisconsin in terms of passengers served. In 2016 the airport contributed $676 million to the Northeastern Wisconsin economy. In May 2018, Appleton International Airport was the fourth fastest growing airport in the US.

Question: Which is located outside the mainland US, Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport or Appleton International Airport?
Answer: Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport
North Carolina
As in the rest of the former Confederacy, North Carolina had become a one-party state, dominated by the Democratic Party. Impoverished by the Civil War and vicious debt cycles, the state continued with an economy based on tobacco, cotton textiles and commodity agriculture. Towns and cities remained few in the east. A major industrial base emerged in the late 19th century in the counties of the Piedmont Triad, based on cotton mills established at the fall line. Railroads were built to connect the new industrializing cities. The state was the site of the first successful controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air flight, by the Wright brothers, near Kitty Hawk on December 17, 1903. In the first half of the 20th century, many African Americans left the state to go North for better opportunities, in the Great Migration. Their departure changed the demographic characteristics of many areas.

Question: What political party Dominated NC after the confederacy?
Answer: Democratic
Spectre (2015 film)
Spectre is a 2015 spy film and the twenty-fourth in the "James Bond" series produced by Eon Productions for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures. It is the fourth film to feature Daniel Craig as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond, and the second film in the series directed by Sam Mendes following "Skyfall." It was written by John Logan, Neal Purvis, Robert Wade, and Jez Butterworth. It is the final "James Bond" film to be distributed theatrically by Sony Pictures Releasing, as Universal Pictures will internationally distribute the next film in the series, "No Time to Die".
Spectre (2015 film)
The story sees Bond pitted against the global criminal organisation Spectre and their enigmatic leader Ernst Stavro Blofeld (Christoph Waltz), who plans to launch a national surveillance network to mastermind criminal activities across the globe. The film marks Spectre and Blofeld's first appearance in an Eon Productions film since 1971's "Diamonds Are Forever"; a character resembling Blofeld had previously appeared in the 1981 film, "For Your Eyes Only", but, because of the "Thunderball" controversy, he is not named, nor is his face shown. Several "James Bond" characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny, return, with new additions Léa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra.
Brigitte Millar
Brigitte Millar is an English actress. She is mostly known for playing alongside Daniel Craig and Christoph Waltz in "Spectre". She is a descendant of Emil Nolde.

Question: Brigitte Millar starred along side Daniel Craig and Christoph Waltz in a film that was the 24th in what series?
Answer: "James Bond"
FC Barcelona
During the 1950s, the rivalry was exacerbated further when there was a controversy surrounding the transfer of Alfredo Di Stéfano, who finally played for Real Madrid and was key to their subsequent success. The 1960s saw the rivalry reach the European stage when they met twice in a controversial knock-out round of the European Cup, with Madrid receiving unfavourable treatment from the referee, In 2002, the European encounter between the clubs was dubbed the "Match of The Century" by Spanish media, and Madrid's win was watched by more than 500 million people. An intense fixture which is marked by its indiscipline in addition to memorable goal celebrations from both teams – often involving mocking the opposition – one such notable celebration occurred in 2009 when Barcelona captain Carles Puyol kissed his Catalan armband in front of incensed Madrid fans at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium.

Question: What was a match between Real Madrid and Barcelona called in 2002?
Answer: Match of The Century
Pacers–Pistons brawl
The Pacers–Pistons brawl, known colloquially as the "Malice at the Palace", was an altercation that occurred in a National Basketball Association (NBA) game between the Indiana Pacers and the defending champion Detroit Pistons on November 19, 2004, at The Palace in Auburn Hills, Michigan. The Associated Press (AP) called it "the most infamous brawl in NBA history."
Knicks–Nuggets brawl
The Knicks–Nuggets brawl was an on-court altercation at a National Basketball Association (NBA) game between the New York Knicks and Denver Nuggets at Madison Square Garden in New York City on Saturday, December 16, 2006. This altercation became the most penalized on-court fight in the NBA since the Pacers–Pistons brawl from two years before.

Question: Which brawl was later in their respective years, the Knicks–Nuggets brawl, or the Pacers–Pistons brawl?
Answer: Knicks–Nuggets brawl
Paris
On 7 January 2015, two French Muslim extremists attacked the Paris headquarters of "Charlie Hebdo" and killed thirteen people, in an attack claimed by Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, and on 9 January, a third terrorist, who claimed he was part of ISIL, killed four hostages during an attack at a Jewish grocery store at Porte de Vincennes. On 11 January an estimated 1.5 million people marched in Paris in a show of solidarity against terrorism and in support of freedom of speech. On 13 November of the same year, a series of coordinated bomb and gunfire terrorist attacks in Paris and Saint-Denis, claimed by ISIL, killed 130 people and injured more than 350.

Question: On what date did two Muslim extremists attack Charlie Hebdo?
Answer: 7 January 2015
Separation of church and state in the United States
While the decision (with four dissents) ultimately upheld the state law allowing the funding of transportation of students to religious schools, the majority opinion (by Justice Hugo Black) and the dissenting opinions (by Justice Wiley Blount Rutledge and Justice Robert H. Jackson) each explicitly stated that the Constitution has erected a "wall between church and state" or a "separation of Church from State": their disagreement was limited to whether this case of state funding of transportation to religious schools breached that wall. Rutledge, on behalf of the four dissenting justices, took the position that the majority had indeed permitted a violation of the wall of separation in this case: "Neither so high nor so impregnable today as yesterday is the wall raised between church and state by Virginia's great statute of religious freedom and the First Amendment, now made applicable to all the states by the Fourteenth." Writing separately, Justice Jackson argued that "[T]here are no good grounds upon which to support the present legislation. In fact, the undertones of the opinion, advocating a complete and uncompromising separation of Church from State, seem utterly discordant with its conclusion yielding support to their commingling in educational matters."

Question: What did the decision ultimately uphold?
Answer: state law
Mercedes-Benz G-Class
The Mercedes-Benz G-Class, sometimes called G-Wagen (short for "Geländewagen", "terrain vehicle"), is a mid-size four-wheel drive luxury SUV manufactured by Magna Steyr (formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch) in Austria and sold by Mercedes-Benz. In certain markets, it has been sold under the Puch name as Puch G.
Mercedes-Benz G-Class
The G-Wagen is characterised by its boxy styling and body-on-frame construction. It uses three fully locking differentials, one of the few vehicles to have such a feature.
Mercedes-AMG G65 AMG
Mercedes-AMG G65 is a V12 engined (with twin turbochargers) version of the Mercedes-Benz G-Class. The vehicle weighs 6250-pounds (2835 kg) (US model as estimated by an automotive magazine publication) and has 603 hp going into a seven-speed transmission as of 2016. In the United States it cost $224,000 USD in the year 2016, another source says it cost $218,000 USD. It was noted as being cheaper than a previous limited production run of Mercedes-Benz G63 AMG 6x6 (old-style name) from 2013. (note in this period of the 2010s, transition AMG vehicles from Mercedes-Benz to Mercedes-AMG branding. The US Version was previewed at the New York Auto Show in the spring of 2015 as a Mercedes-AMG model.

Question: Mercedes-AMG G65 is a V12 engined (with twin turbochargers) version of the Mercedes-Benz G-Class, sometimes called G-Wagen,  is a mid-size four-wheel drive luxury SUV manufactured by Magna Steyr, formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch, in which country?
Answer: Austria
Separation of church and state in the United States
In what will be the case is Town of Greece v. Galloway, 12-696, the Supreme Court agreed to hear a case regarding whether prayers at town meetings, which are allowed, must allow various faiths to lead prayer, or whether the prayers can be predominately Christian. On May 5, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in favor of the Town of Greece by holding that the U.S. Constitution not only allows for prayer at government meetings, but also for sectarian prayers like predominately Christian prayers.

Question: When did the Supreme Court rule on Town of Greece v. Galloway?
Answer: May 5, 2014
Ambarsariya
Ambarsariya is an Indian Punjabi comedy thriller film directed by Mandeep Kumar, written by Dheeraj Rattan and starring Diljit Dosanjh, Monica Gill, Navneet Kaur Dhillon, Lauren Gottlieb as the main cast of the film and was released worldwide on 25 March 2016. The movie was remade in Odia in 2018 as "".
Monica Gill
Monica Gill is an American model, actress and beauty pageant title holder. She won the Miss India Worldwide 2014 on 21 June 2014. She is also Miss India USA winner on 26 November 2013 while serving as Miss India New England.
Monica Gill
Gill made her Punjabi film debut in the 2016 Tips' film "Ambarsariya" opposite Diljit Dosanjh. That year, she went on to star in three back to back blockbuster Punjabi films. The following year, she made her Hindi film debut in the 2017 K9 film "Firangi". In 2018, she was seen in the Hindi film "Paltan", where she played love interest to Harshvardhan Rane. In 2019, she acted in Punjabi-language period drama "Yaara Ve".

Question: The 2014 winner of Miss India Worldwide starred with Diljit Dosanjh in what 2016 film?
Answer: Ambarsariya
Brett Ratner
Brett Ratner (born March 28, 1969) is an American director and producer. He directed the "Rush Hour" film series, "The Family Man", "Red Dragon", "", and "Tower Heist". He was also a producer of several films, including the "Horrible Bosses" series, "The Revenant" and "War Dogs".
Brett Ratner
Ratner got his start directing with music videos in the 1990s, and directed his first motion picture, "Money Talks", in 1997. Overall, the films Ratner has directed have earned over $2 billion at the global box office. Ratner is the co-founder of RatPac Entertainment, a film production company. Ratner led RatPac's partnership with Dune Entertainment in September 2013 for a co-producing deal with Warner Bros. that included 75 films. In January 2017, Ratner received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion picture industry, located at 6801 Hollywood Boulevard.
Pilot (Prison Break)
"Pilot" is the pilot episode and series premiere of the American television series "Prison Break", which premiered on August 29, 2005 in the United States. That night, it was aired as the first of a two-part pilot special, along with "Allen", which was broadcast straight after this episode. The episode was directed by series producer Brett Ratner, noted director of such works as "Rush Hour" and "Red Dragon", and written by series creator and producer Paul Scheuring. The episode was given numerous positive reviews in not just the US, but from the majority of the rest of world, reaching record ratings in various countries.

Question: Which director for American television series "Prison Break" also produced "Horrible Bosses"?
Answer: Brett Ratner
P. J. Carlesimo
Peter John Carlesimo (born May 30, 1949) is an American basketball coach, who coached in both the National Basketball Association (NBA) and college basketball for nearly 40 years. He is also a television broadcaster, having worked with "ESPN, The NBA on TNT, Westwood One, Fox Sports Southwest, Pac-12 Network, The NBA on NBC and CSN New England".
Latrell Sprewell
Latrell Fontaine Sprewell (born September 8, 1970) is an American former professional basketball player who played for the Golden State Warriors, the New York Knicks, and the Minnesota Timberwolves in the NBA. During his basketball career, Sprewell received four NBA All-Star selections and an All-NBA First Team selection; he also helped the Knicks reach the 1999 NBA Finals and the Timberwolves to the 2004 Western Conference finals. Despite his accomplishments, his career was overshadowed by a 1997 incident in which he choked coach P. J. Carlesimo during a practice, which ultimately resulted in a 68-game suspension.

Question: Latrell Fontaine Sprewell, is an American former professional basketball player; despite his accomplishments, his career was overshadowed by a 1997 incident in which he choked coach P. J. Carlesimo during a practice, which ultimately resulted in a 68-game suspension, Peter John "P. J." Carlesimo, is an American basketball coach, who coached in both which organization, and college basketball for nearly 40 years?
Answer: NBA
Dog
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.

Question: What is the average number of pups per litter?
Answer: six
Nora Ephron
Nora Ephron ( ; May 19, 1941 – June 26, 2012) was an American journalist, writer, and filmmaker. She is best known for her romantic comedy films and was nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Writing: for "Silkwood" (1983), "When Harry Met Sally..." (1989), and "Sleepless in Seattle" (1993). She won a BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay for "When Harry Met Sally...". She often co-wrote scripts with her sister Delia Ephron. Her last film was "Julie & Julia" (2009). Her first produced play, "Imaginary Friends" (2002), was honored as one of the ten best plays of the 2002–03 New York theatre season. She also co-authored the Drama Desk Award–winning theatrical production "Love, Loss, and What I Wore". In 2013, Ephron received a posthumous Tony Award nomination for Best Play for "Lucky Guy".
Upton Sinclair
Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. (September 20, 1878 – November 25, 1968) was an American writer who wrote nearly 100 books and other works in several genres. Sinclair's work was well known and popular in the first half of the 20th century, and he won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1943.

Question: Upton Sinclair and Nora Ephron were both writers from which country?
Answer: American
Enrique Carreras
Enrique Carreras (January 6, 1925 – 29 August 1995) was a Peruvian-born Argentine film director, screenwriter and film producer, and was one of the most prolific film directors in the history of the Cinema of Argentina.
Jacques Becker
Jacques Becker (] ; 15 September 1906 – 21 February 1960) was a French screenwriter and film director.

Question: Who was a film producer in addition to being a screenwriter and film director, Enrique Carreras or Jacques Becker?
Answer: Enrique Carreras
Rejseholdet
Rejseholdet ( ; international title: Unit One) is a Danish television crime drama series, broadcast on DR1, that ran for four series from October 1, 2000 to January 1, 2004. The series, produced by Danmarks Radio, revolves around an elite mobile police task force that travel around Denmark, assisting each local police force solve serious crimes. The series starred Charlotte Fich as DCI Ingrid Dahl, an ambitious detective who is promoted to the role of unit commander seemingly on the basis of being female. The series co-starred Mads Mikkelsen and Lars Brygmann as Sergeants Allan Fischer and Thomas La Cour.
Rejseholdet
A total of thirty-two episodes aired across four series. Each episode is titled with a reference to an "assistancemelding", which roughly translates into English as "Request for Assistance". Each case portrayed in the show was loosely based upon actual sensational crimes such as murders, kidnappings, cross-border sex trafficking and child pornography.
Trine Pallesen
Trine Pallesen (born 19 June 1969) is a Danish actress, best known for her work in Danish TV series "Rejseholdet" and "Forbrydelsen".

Question: What is the name of a Danish televesion crime series and stars Trine Pallesen?
Answer: Rejseholdet
Hellenistic period
Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Under the Antigonids, Macedonia was often short on funds, the Pangaeum mines were no longer as productive as under Philip II, the wealth from Alexander's campaigns had been used up and the countryside pillaged by the Gallic invasion. A large number of the Macedonian population had also been resettled abroad by Alexander or had chosen to emigrate to the new eastern Greek cities. Up to two thirds of the population emigrated, and the Macedonian army could only count on a levy of 25,000 men, a significantly smaller force than under Philip II.

Question: What war did Antigonus II fight Athenians?
Answer: Chremonidean War
Mary, mother of Jesus
The Perpetual Virginity of Mary asserts Mary's real and perpetual virginity even in the act of giving birth to the Son of God made Man. The term Ever-Virgin (Greek " ") is applied in this case, stating that Mary remained a virgin for the remainder of her life, making Jesus her biological and only son, whose conception and birth are held to be miraculous. While the Orthodox Churches hold the position articulated in the "Protoevangelium of James" that Jesus' brothers and sisters are older children of Joseph the Betrothed, step-siblings from an earlier marriage that left him widowed, Roman Catholic teaching follows the Latin father Jerome in considering them Jesus' cousins.

Question: Which doctrine describes the belief that Mary remained a virgin, even though she gave birth to Jesus?
Answer: The Perpetual Virginity of Mary
Antarctica
During the "Nimrod" Expedition led by Ernest Shackleton in 1907, parties led by Edgeworth David became the first to climb Mount Erebus and to reach the South Magnetic Pole. Douglas Mawson, who assumed the leadership of the Magnetic Pole party on their perilous return, went on to lead several expeditions until retiring in 1931. In addition, Shackleton and three other members of his expedition made several firsts in December 1908 – February 1909: they were the first humans to traverse the Ross Ice Shelf, the first to traverse the Transantarctic Mountains (via the Beardmore Glacier), and the first to set foot on the South Polar Plateau. An expedition led by Norwegian polar explorer Roald Amundsen from the ship "Fram" became the first to reach the geographic South Pole on 14 December 1911, using a route from the Bay of Whales and up the Axel Heiberg Glacier. One month later, the doomed Scott Expedition reached the pole.

Question: When did Mawson retire after leading several expeditions?
Answer: 1931
University of Massachusetts Amherst
The University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst, UMass, or Massachusetts) is a public research and land-grant university in Amherst, Massachusetts. It is the flagship campus of the University of Massachusetts system. UMass Amherst has an annual enrollment of approximately 1,300 faculty members and more than 30,000 students. The university offers academic degrees in 109 undergraduate, 77 master's and 48 doctoral programs. Programs are coordinated in nine schools and colleges. It is also a member of the Five College Consortium.
University of Massachusetts Amherst
The University of Massachusetts Amherst is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". According to the National Science Foundation, UMass spent $211 million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 111th in the nation.
University of Cádiz
The University of Cádiz (in Spanish: Universidad de Cádiz), commonly referred to as UCA, is a public university located in the province of Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain, noted for its medicine and marine sciences curricula. It was founded in 1979, and has the Latin motto "Non Plus Ultra" ("No Further Beyond"). Its headquarters are located in Cádiz, where the Rectorate is.

Question: Is the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the University of Cádiz located on the same continent?
Answer: no
Stull (EP)
Stull is the second extended play by the alternative rock band Urge Overkill. It was released in 1992 and would be the band's final major release on independent label Touch and Go Records. The EP's title and cover are direct references to Stull Cemetery, located just west of Lawrence, Kansas. Since the 1970s, urban legends have been spread that the cemetery is one of the seven portals to Hell. "Stull" also includes a cover of Neil Diamond's song "Girl, You'll Be a Woman Soon", which would later be re-released on the soundtrack to Quentin Tarantino's 1994 film "Pulp Fiction". Upon re-issue, Urge Overkill's version of "Girl, You'll Be a Woman Soon" charted at number 59 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The "Stull" EP received largely positive reviews from critics, with Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic and Johan Kugelberg of "Spin" both complimenting the record.
Stull, Kansas
Stull is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. Founded in 1857, the settlement was initially known as Deer Creek until it was renamed after its only postmaster, Sylvester Stull. As of 2018, only a handful of structures remain in the area.

Question: Stull is the second extended play by the alternative rock band Urge Overkill and the EP's title is a reference to a cemetery in what U.S. county?
Answer: Douglas County
Cork (city)
Temperatures below 0 °C or above 25 °C are rare. Cork Airport records an average of 1227.9 mm of precipitation annually, most of which is rain. The airport records an average of 7 days of hail and 11 days of snow or sleet a year; though it only records lying snow for 2 days of the year. The low altitude of the city, and moderating influences of the harbour, mean that lying snow very rarely occurs in the city itself. There are on average 204 "rainy" days a year (over 0.2 mm of rainfall), of which there are 73 days with "heavy rain" (over 5 mm ). Cork is also a generally foggy city, with an average of 97 days of fog a year, most common during mornings and during winter. Despite this, however, Cork is also one of Ireland's sunniest cities, with an average of 3.9 hours of sunshine every day and only having 67 days where there is no "recordable sunshine", mostly during and around winter.

Question: What is usually the type of precipitation that Cork receives?
Answer: rain
Madonna
Madonna's Italian-Catholic background and her relationship with her parents are reflected in the album "Like a Prayer". It was an evocation of the impact religion had on her career. Her video for the title track contains Catholic symbolism, such as the stigmata. During The Virgin Tour, she wore a rosary and prayed with it in the music video for "La Isla Bonita". The "Open Your Heart" video sees her boss scolding her in the Italian language. On the Who's That Girl World Tour, she dedicated the song "Papa Don't Preach" to Pope John Paul II. Her album "MDNA" (2012) has also drawn many influences from her Catholic upbringing, and since 2011 she has been attending meetings and services at an Opus Dei center, a Catholic institution that encourages spirituality through every day life.

Question: She dedicated Papa Don't Preach to whom?
Answer: Pope John Paul II.
Freemasonry
A dispute during the Lausanne Congress of Supreme Councils of 1875 prompted the Grand Orient de France to commission a report by a Protestant pastor which concluded that, as Freemasonry was not a religion, it should not require a religious belief. The new constitutions read, "Its principles are absolute liberty of conscience and human solidarity", the existence of God and the immortality of the soul being struck out. It is possible that the immediate objections of the United Grand Lodge of England were at least partly motivated by the political tension between France and Britain at the time. The result was the withdrawal of recognition of the Grand Orient of France by the United Grand Lodge of England, a situation that continues today.

Question: What was a possible condition that made the United Grand Lodge of England withdraw it's recognition of the Grand Orient de France?
Answer: political tension between France and Britain
What's My Name? (Rihanna song)
"What's My Name?" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna, for her fifth studio album "Loud" (2010). Featuring guest vocals from Canadian rapper Drake, the song was released as the second single from "Loud" on October 26, 2010 through Def Jam Recordings. The electro-R&B song was produced by the Norwegian production duo Stargate, and was written by the duo along with Ester Dean, Traci Hale, and Drake. Lyrically, it incorporates themes of romance and sex.
Traci Hale
Traci Hale is an Atlanta-based American pop and R&B songwriter and vocalist. She began her career as a back up singer for R&B superstars Keith Sweat and Aaliyah before becoming a songwriter for artists including Rihanna, Blu Cantrell, Mýa and Brandy. Her best-known compositions include "Case of the Ex", as recorded by Mýa, and Rihanna's "What's My Name?", which reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100.

Question: How did the composer of the second single from "Loud" begin her career?
Answer: a back up singer for R&B superstars Keith Sweat and Aaliyah
Frédéric Chopin
In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lessons to boys in the boarding house that the Chopins kept. Chopin was of slight build, and even in early childhood was prone to illnesses.

Question: What two instruments did Chopin's father play?
Answer: flute and violin
Rick Hall
Roe Erister "Rick" Hall (January 31, 1932 – January 2, 2018) was an American record producer, songwriter, and musician who became known as the owner of FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. As the "Father of Muscle Shoals Music", he was influential in recording and promoting both country and soul music, and in helping develop the careers of such musicians as Aretha Franklin, Otis Redding, Duane Allman and Etta James.
Rick Hall
Hall was inducted into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame in 1985 and also received the John Herbert Orr Pioneer Award. In 2014, he won the Grammy Trustees Award in recognition of his lengthy career. Hall remained active in the music industry with FAME Studios, FAME Records, and FAME Publishing.
She'll Never Know
"She'll Never Know" is a song written by Rick Hall and performed by Brenda Lee. The song reached #15 on the adult contemporary chart and #47 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1963.

Question: American record producer and writer Rick Hall wrote "She'll Never Know" for which singer?
Answer: Brenda Lee
Emily Whitehurst
Emily Grace Whitehurst (born July 23, 1979), also known as Agent M, is an American singer, songwriter, composer, musician, and record producer. In 1998, she began her music career by fronting the punk rock band Tsunami Bomb. After Tsunami Bomb disbanded in 2005, she co-founded and fronted the Action Design; a rock group. Since 2012, Whitehurst has been working on her synth-driven, indie pop project, Survival Guide.
Dave Cousins
Dave Cousins (born David Joseph Hindson; 7 January 1945, in Hounslow, Middlesex, England) is an English singer and songwriter, who has been the leader, singer and most-active songwriter of Strawbs since 1967.

Question: Are Emily Whitehurst and Dave Cousins both American singers and songwriters?
Answer: no
John Kerry
The race was the most expensive for Congress in the country that year and four days before the general election, Durkin withdrew and endorsed Cronin, hoping to see Kerry defeated. The week before, a poll had put Kerry 10 points ahead of Cronin, with Dukin on 13%. In the final days of the campaign, Kerry sensed that it was "slipping away" and Cronin emerged victorious by 110,970 votes (53.45%) to Kerry's 92,847 (44.72%). After his defeat, Kerry lamented in a letter to supporters that "for two solid weeks, ["The Sun"] called me un-American, New Left antiwar agitator, unpatriotic, and labeled me every other 'un-' and 'anti-' that they could find. It's hard to believe that one newspaper could be so powerful, but they were." He later felt that his failure to respond directly to "The Sun"' s attacks cost him the race.

Question: What percent of votes did Kerry get against Cronin?
Answer: 44.72%
Political philosophy
Another debate developed around the (distinct) criticisms of liberal political theory made by Michael Walzer, Michael Sandel and Charles Taylor. The liberal-communitarian debate is often considered valuable for generating a new set of philosophical problems, rather than a profound and illuminating clash of perspective. These and other communitarians (such as Alasdair MacIntyre and Daniel A. Bell) argue that, contra liberalism, communities are prior to individuals and therefore should be the center of political focus. Communitarians tend to support greater local control as well as economic and social policies which encourage the growth of social capital.

Question: What is often considered valuable for generating a new set of philosophical problems? 
Answer: The liberal-communitarian debate
Simon Helberg
Simon Maxwell Helberg (born December 9, 1980) is an American actor, comedian and musician. He is known for playing Howard Wolowitz in the CBS sitcom "The Big Bang Theory" (2007–2019), for which he won a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series, and as Cosmé McMoon in the film "Florence Foster Jenkins" (2016), which earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture.
Derek and Simon
Derek and Simon is a 2007 web based series created by Derek Waters, Simon Helberg, and Bob Odenkirk, which aired on the website Super Deluxe.

Question: Which actor in "Derek and Simon" was also in "The Big Bang Theory"?
Answer: Simon Helberg
Bunjies
Bunjies Coffee House & Folk Cellar was a cafe situated at 27 Litchfield Street (just off Charing Cross Road), London WC2. Opened in 1953 or 1954, it was one of the original "folk cafés" of the 1950s and 1960s. Below the café, in a 400-year-old wine cellar, was an influential music venue which changed little until its closure (and conversion of the premises into a restaurant) in 1999. Allegedly named after the first owner's pet hamster, the venue featured, early in their careers, Tom Paxton, John Renbourn, Bert Jansch, Bob Dylan and Paul Simon. Al Stewart secured a residency at the Folk Cellar in 1965, at the age of 19, which was a significant factor in his later success.
Tom Paxton
Thomas Richard Paxton (born October 31, 1937) is an American folk singer-songwriter who has had a music career spanning more than fifty years. In 2009, Paxton received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. He is noteworthy as a music educator as well as an advocate for folk singers to combine traditional songs with new compositions.

Question: What below an influential music venue which changed little until its closure featured an American folk singer-songwriter who has had a music career spanning more than fifty years ?
Answer: a 400-year-old wine cellar
Aram Avakian
Aram A. Avakian (April 23, 1926 – January 17, 1987) was an Armenian-American film editor and director. His work in the latter role includes "Jazz on a Summer's Day" (1959) and the indie film "End of the Road" (1970).
Karo Parisyan
Karapet "Karo" Parisyan ( ; born August 28, 1982) is an Armenian-American mixed martial artist, who last competed in the welterweight division. A professional MMA competitor since 1999, Parisyan is a former WEC Welterweight Champion and has also competed for the UFC, Bellator, and Impact FC.

Question: What do Aram Avakian and Karo Parisyan have in common?
Answer: Armenian-American
2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup
The 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the sixteenth edition of the FIFA U-20 World Cup (formerly called FIFA World Youth Championship), hosted by Canada from 30 June to 22 July 2007. Argentina defeated Czech Republic in the title game by the score of 2–1, thus managing a back-to-back world title, its fifth in the past seven editions, and sixth overall. Argentine player Sergio Agüero was given the FIFA U-20 Golden Shoe (top scorer, with six goals) and the FIFA U-20 Golden Ball (best player of the tournament), while Japan earned the FIFA Fair Play Award.
Sergio Agüero
Sergio Leonel Agüero del Castillo (] ; born 2 June 1988), colloquially known as Kun Agüero, is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Manchester City and the Argentine national team. He wears "Kun" on his shirt, a childhood nickname based on the title character from the cartoon Kum-Kum. He is widely considered as one of the best strikers of his generation and one of the best players in Premier League history.
Sergio Agüero
Agüero began his career at the Argentine Independiente. On 5 July 2003, he became the youngest player to play in the Argentine Primera División on his debut at 15 years and 35 days, breaking the record previously established by Diego Maradona in 1976. In 2006, he moved to La Liga side Atlético Madrid, for a transfer fee of €23 million. During his years at Madrid, he established himself as one of the best young players in Europe and won the Don Balón Award, Tuttosport Golden Boy and World Soccer Young Player of the Year. He scored 101 goals in 234 appearances for Atlético, while winning the UEFA Europa League and the UEFA Super Cup.

Question: The 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the sixteenth edition of the FIFA U-20 World Cup (formerly called FIFA World Youth Championship), hosted by Canada held during which span of dates, Argentine player Sergio Agüero was given the FIFA U-20 Golden Shoe?
Answer: 30 June to 22 July 2007
Vogue (magazine)
Vogue is an American monthly fashion and lifestyle magazine covering many topics including fashion, beauty, culture, living, and runway based in New York City. "Vogue" began as a weekly newspaper, first published based in New York City in 1892 in the United States, before becoming a monthly publication years later. 
All You
All You was a women’s monthly magazine published by Time Inc. and sold at Walmart, Sam's Club and via subscription. The monthly magazine was first published in August 2004. "All You" focused on value: Each story offered money-saving and/or time-saving tips, and the magazine developed a community of Reality Checkers, thousands of women who contribute ideas and tips that appear on many of "All You"’s pages. The magazine folded in December 2015.

Question: Which magazine was first published, All You or Vogue?
Answer: Vogue
Gotham (TV series)
Gotham is an American action crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller, produced by Warner Bros. Television and based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise, primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. The series premiered on Fox on September 22, 2014, and concluded on April 25, 2019. The series stars Ben McKenzie as Jim Gordon and David Mazouz as Bruce Wayne. The series was originally intended to focus only on Gordon's early days with the Gotham City Police Department, but they subsequently included the Bruce Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains, including Penguin, Riddler, Catwoman, Poison Ivy, Scarecrow, Mr. Freeze, Hugo Strange, Solomon Grundy, Mad Hatter, Ra's al Ghul, Nyssa al Ghul, Bane, and The Joker.
Lovecraft (Gotham)
"Lovecraft" is the tenth episode and mid-season finale of the television series "Gotham". It premiered on FOX on November 24, 2014 and was written by Rebecca Dameron, and directed by Guy Ferland. In this episode, Wayne Manor is attacked, forcing Bruce (David Mazouz) and Selina (Camren Bicondova) to flee, while Gordon (Ben McKenzie) comes closer to Lovecraft (Al Sapienza).
Lovecraft (Gotham)
The episode was watched by 6.05 million viewers and received generally positive reviews with critics commenting on the ending and Bruce's and Selina's storyline. The episode received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Special Visual Effects in a Supporting Roles.

Question: What was the tenth episode of the American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller called?
Answer: Lovecraft
Anti-aircraft warfare
Some nations started rocket research before World War II, including for anti-aircraft use. Further research started during the war. The first step was unguided missile systems like the British 2-inch RP and 3-inch, which was fired in large numbers from "Z batteries", and were also fitted to warships. The firing of one of these devices during an air raid is suspected to have caused the Bethnal Green disaster in 1943. Facing the threat of Japanese Kamikaze attacks the British and US developed surface-to-air rockets like British Stooge or the American Lark as counter measures, but none of them were ready at the end of the war. The Germans missile research was the most advanced of the war as the Germans put considerable effort in the research and development of rocket systems for all purposes. Among them were several guided and unguided systems. Unguided systems involved the Fliegerfaust (literally "aircraft fist") as the first MANPADS. Guided systems were several sophisticated radio, wire, or radar guided missiles like the Wasserfall ("waterfall") rocket. Due to the severe war situation for Germany all of those systems were only produced in small numbers and most of them were only used by training or trial units.

Question: Rocket research began prior to which war in some countries?
Answer: World War II
Irene Dunne
Irene Dunne (born Irene Marie Dunn; December 20, 1898 – September 4, 1990) was an American actress and singer who appeared in Hollywood films during its golden age. She is best known for her comedic roles, despite being in films of varied genres, and has been revered as one of the most notorious Academy Award snubs.
Irene Dunne
After her father died when she was fourteen, Dunne's family relocated from Kentucky to Indiana and she became determined to become an opera singer, but when she was rejected by The Met, she performed in musicals on Broadway until she was scouted by RKO and made her Hollywood film debut in the 1930 musical "Leathernecking". She starred in 42 movies and made guest appearances on radio and in popular anthology television until 1962; she was nominated five times for the Academy Award for Best Actress – for her performances in "Cimarron" (1931), "Theodora Goes Wild" (1936), "The Awful Truth" (1937), "Love Affair" (1939), and "I Remember Mama" (1948) – and was one of the top 25 highest-paid actors of her time. 
Present Arms (musical)
Present Arms is a Broadway musical comedy that opened April 26, 1928, with music by Richard Rodgers, and lyrics by Lorenz Hart. It is based on the book by Herbert Fields. It was produced by Lew Fields with musical numbers stage by Busby Berkeley. It ran for 155 performances at the Lew Fields' Mansfield Theatre, which today is known as the Brooks Atkinson Theatre. "Present Arms" was filmed in 1930 with Irene Dunne, with its title changed to "Leathernecking". The film is presumed lost.

Question: What 1930 film based on a Broadway musical comedy starred a five time nominee for the Academy Award for Best Actress?
Answer: Leathernecking