qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Ottoman Empire
The organization of the treasury and chancery were developed under the Ottoman Empire more than any other Islamic government and, until the 17th century, they were the leading organization among all their contemporaries. This organization developed a scribal bureaucracy (known as "men of the pen") as a distinct group, partly highly trained ulama, which developed into a professional body. The effectiveness of this professional financial body stands behind the success of many great Ottoman statesmen.

Question: The Ottoman Empire had the most developed economic organizations among Islamic Governments until which century?
Answer: the 17th century
PlayStation 3
The system displays the What's New screen by default instead of the [Games] menu (or [Video] menu, if a movie was inserted) when starting up. What's New has four sections: "Our Pick", "Recently Played", latest information and new content available in PlayStation Store. There are four kinds of content the What's New screen displays and links to, on the sections. "Recently Played" displays the user's recently played games and online services only, whereas, the other sections can contain website links, links to play videos and access to selected sections of the PlayStation Store.

Question: Other than the Video default screen for movies, what menu would the PS3 default to before What's New?
Answer: Games
Palestine (poem)
Palestine is an 1803 romantic long poem by noted clergyman Reginald Heber, successfully entered for the Newdigate Prize. 
Reginald Heber
Reginald Heber (21 April 1783 – 3 April 1826) was an English bishop, man of letters and hymn-writer. After 16 years as a country parson, he served as Bishop of Calcutta until his death at the age of 42. The son of a rich landowner and cleric, Heber gained fame at the University of Oxford as a poet. After graduation he made an extended tour of Scandinavia, Russia and Central Europe. Ordained in 1807, he took over his father's old parish, Hodnet, Shropshire. He also wrote hymns and general literature, including a study of the works of the 17th-century cleric Jeremy Taylor.

Question: Of which city was the author of the poem Palestine a bishop ?
Answer: Calcutta
Compact disc
At the time of the technology's introduction in 1982, a CD could store much more data than a personal computer hard drive, which would typically hold 10 MB. By 2010, hard drives commonly offered as much storage space as a thousand CDs, while their prices had plummeted to commodity level. In 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs, and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide.

Question: In 2004 how many CDs had been sold around the world?
Answer: 2004
Cyprus
In 1570, a full-scale Ottoman assault with 60,000 troops brought the island under Ottoman control, despite stiff resistance by the inhabitants of Nicosia and Famagusta. Ottoman forces capturing Cyprus massacred many Greek and Armenian Christian inhabitants. The previous Latin elite were destroyed and the first significant demographic change since antiquity took place with the formation of a Muslim community. Soldiers who fought in the conquest settled on the island and Turkish peasants and craftsmen were brought to the island from Anatolia. This new community also included banished Anatolian tribes, "undesirable" persons and members of various "troublesome" Muslim sects, as well as a number of new converts on the island.

Question: In what year did Cyprus face a full-scale Ottoman assault?
Answer: 1570
Anti-aircraft warfare
In the 1982 Falklands War, the Argentine armed forces deployed the newest west European weapons including the Oerlikon GDF-002 35 mm twin cannon and SAM Roland. The Rapier missile system was the primary GBAD system, used by both British artillery and RAF regiment, a few brand-new FIM-92 Stinger were used by British special forces. Both sides also used the Blowpipe missile. British naval missiles used included Sea Dart and the older Sea Slug longer range systems, Sea Cat and the new Sea Wolf short range systems. Machine guns in AA mountings was used both ashore and afloat.

Question: What new short range systems did the British naval use?
Answer: Sea Wolf
Electric motor
Doubly fed electric motors have two independent multiphase winding sets, which contribute active (i.e., working) power to the energy conversion process, with at least one of the winding sets electronically controlled for variable speed operation. Two independent multiphase winding sets (i.e., dual armature) are the maximum provided in a single package without topology duplication. Doubly-fed electric motors are machines with an effective constant torque speed range that is twice synchronous speed for a given frequency of excitation. This is twice the constant torque speed range as singly-fed electric machines, which have only one active winding set.

Question: Doubly fed motors have what advantage over single fed?
Answer: twice the constant torque speed range
Presbyterianism
The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan (PCT) is by far the largest Protestant denomination in Taiwan, with some 238,372 members as of 2009 (including a majority of the island's aborigines). English Presbyterian Missionary James Laidlaw Maxwell established the first Presbyterian church in Tainan in 1865. His colleague George Leslie Mackay, of the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, was active in Tamsui and north Taiwan from 1872 to 1901; he founded the island's first university and hospital, and created a written script for Taiwanese Minnan. The English and Canadian missions joined together as the PCT in 1912. One of the few churches permitted to operate in Taiwan through the era of Japanese rule (1895–1945), the PCT experienced rapid growth during the era of Kuomintang-imposed martial law (1949–1987), in part due to its support for democracy, human rights, and Taiwan independence. Former ROC president Lee Teng-hui (in office 1988–2000) is a Presbyterian.

Question: What is the name of the largest Presbyterian church in Taiwan?
Answer: The Presbyterian Church
Egypt
In 1975, Sadat shifted Nasser's economic policies and sought to use his popularity to reduce government regulations and encourage foreign investment through his program of Infitah. Through this policy, incentives such as reduced taxes and import tariffs attracted some investors, but investments were mainly directed at low risk and profitable ventures like tourism and construction, abandoning Egypt's infant industries. Even though Sadat's policy was intended to modernise Egypt and assist the middle class, it mainly benefited the higher class, and, because of the elimination of subsidies on basic foodstuffs, led to the 1977 Egyptian Bread Riots.

Question: What was encouraged through Infitah?
Answer: foreign investment
Jonava
Jonava ( , , ) is the ninth largest city in Lithuania with a population of ca 30,000.
A Grupė (Volleyball)
The A Grupė is highest level of women's volleyball club tournament in Lithuania. Current champions is Achema-KKSC from Jonava.

Question: A Grupė is the highest level of women's volleyball club tournament in Lithuania, the current champions being from the ninth largest city with a population of what?
Answer: 30,000
Porfirio Rubirosa
Porfirio Rubirosa Ariza (January 22, 1909 – July 5, 1965) was a Dominican diplomat, race car driver, soldier and polo player. He was a supporter of dictator Rafael Trujillo, and was also rumored to be a political assassin under his regime. Rubirosa made his mark as an international playboy for his jetsetting lifestyle and his legendary sexual prowess with women. His five spouses included two of the richest women in the world.
Juan Esteban Ariza Mendoza
Dr. Juan Esteban Ariza Mendoza III (24 February 1928 – 31 December 2006) was a prominent Dominican lawyer, diplomat and poet. He was born in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic to Adolfo Ariza-Ariza and Concepcion Mendoza. Mendoza graduated from the school ""La Normal"" in Gazcue and graduated as a lawyer from the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (UASD). Prior to being a lawyer he was a messenger at the Texaco Corporation, located at the , He also served as a notary and a lawyer for the C.E.A Consejo Statal del Azucar for 22 Years. After his government assignments, he maintained his "Buffet" lawyer offices located Fabio in Ciudad Nueva. During his life he wrote extensively about the oppression suffered by Dominican workers and defended the laws and properties of farmers most of the time at no charge, publishing some of his works through local newspapers or contributing to books on the matter. His father Adolfo Ariza Ariza was a well known statesman who later became part of the opposition of the Trujillo regime. Fito Ariza, his father, was jailed and detained several times for publicly denouncing the atrocities committed by the dictatorship. Juan Esteban Ariza Mendoza was a devoted father to his children, and was rumored to have been married several times. In fact, he was married to Rafaela Rodriguez Cabrera who he widowed in 1976. He remarried in 2005 to Milagros Baez. Publicly demonstrated by his cousin Porfirio Rubirosa Ariza who later became a legendary icon in the Dominican Republic and abroad. Dr. Mendoza was a stern and strict individual with a violent temper, unafraid and a great "tirador" sharp shooter.

Question: What Dominican diplomat (and rumored political assassin) was related to Porfirio Rubirosa Ariza?
Answer: Porfirio Rubirosa
2011–12 Premier League
The 2011–12 Premier League (known as the Barclays Premier League for sponsorship reasons) was the 20th season of the Premier League since its establishment in 1992. The season began on 13 August 2011 and ended on 13 May 2012 with Manchester City sealing their first league title since 1968 with victory over Queens Park Rangers on the final day. The title was City's first Premier League success, making them the fifth club to win the Premier League in its 20-year history. City finished level on 89 points with Manchester United, but their goal difference was eight better than their local rivals', making it the first time the Premier League had been won on goal difference.
2011–12 Premier League
The league was contested by 20 teams, 17 returning from the 2010–11 season and three promoted from the Football League Championship. Championship winners Queens Park Rangers and runners-up Norwich City gained automatic promotion whilst Swansea City gained promotion through the Football League Championship play-offs beating Reading 4–2 in May 2011, becoming the first non-English team to play in the Premier League. All three promoted clubs avoided relegation for the first time since the 2001–02 campaign. The season was voted as the greatest Premier League season in the Premier League 20 Seasons Awards.
2011–12 Swansea City A.F.C. season
The 2011–12 season was Swansea City's third season in the first tier of English football, and their first return to top-flight football since 1983. During the 2010–11 season, Swansea finished in 3rd place and beat Reading 4–2 in the Championship play-off final, to win promotion to the Premier League. In doing so, they became the first Welsh team to enter the Premier League. Swansea finished the season at 11th place after beating Liverpool 1–0 in the last game of the season on 13 May 2012. Safety was already confirmed two weeks prior when the Swans drew 4–4 with Wolverhampton Wanderers on 28 April 2012, a game Swansea had led 4–1, although Andrea Orlandi posted the fastest goal of the season in that match.

Question: Who did Manchester City beat on the day that Swansea City beat Liverpool 1-0 in the 2011-12 season ?
Answer: Queens Park Rangers
Tarn Hows
Tarn Hows is an area of the Lake District National Park in North West England, It contains a picturesque tarn, approximately 2 mi northeast of Coniston and about 1.5 mi northwest of Hawkshead. It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the area with over half a million visitors per year in the 1970s and is managed by the National Trust.
Black Fell (Lake District)
Black Fell is a fell in the English Lake District. It rises to the north of Tarn Hows, between Coniston and Hawkshead.

Question: Black Fell is a fell in the English Lake District, to the north of where, between Coniston and Hawkshead? 
Answer: Tarn Hows
Comprehensive school
Since the 1988 Education Reform Act, parents have a right to choose which school their child should go to or whether to not send them to school at all and to home educate them instead. The concept of "school choice" introduces the idea of competition between state schools, a fundamental change to the original "neighbourhood comprehensive" model, and is partly intended as a means by which schools that are perceived to be inferior are forced either to improve or, if hardly anyone wants to go there, to close down. Government policy is currently promoting 'specialisation' whereby parents choose a secondary school appropriate for their child's interests and skills. Most initiatives focus on parental choice and information, implementing a pseudo-market incentive to encourage better schools. This logic has underpinned the controversial league tables of school performance.

Question: What concept does the government currently support for education?
Answer: specialisation
Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses believe their highest allegiance belongs to God's kingdom, which is viewed as an actual government in heaven, with Christ as king. They remain politically neutral, do not seek public office, and are discouraged from voting, though individual members may participate in uncontroversial community improvement issues. Although they do not take part in politics, they respect the authority of the governments under which they live. They do not celebrate religious holidays such as Christmas and Easter, nor do they observe birthdays, national holidays, or other celebrations they consider to honor people other than Jesus. They feel that these and many other customs have pagan origins or reflect a nationalistic or political spirit. Their position is that these traditional holidays reflect Satan's control over the world. Witnesses are told that spontaneous giving at other times can help their children to not feel deprived of birthdays or other celebrations.

Question: What are Jehovah Witnesses discouraged from doing?
Answer: voting
IPod
The first generation iPod Nano may overheat and pose a health and safety risk. Affected iPod Nanos were sold between September 2005 and December 2006. This is due to a flawed battery used by Apple from a single battery manufacturer. Apple recommended that owners of affected iPod Nanos stop using them. Under an Apple product replacement program, affected Nanos were replaced with current generation Nanos free of charge.

Question: What part of the iPod Nano was the cause of the overheating issue?
Answer: battery
Capacitor
Leakage is equivalent to a resistor in parallel with the capacitor. Constant exposure to heat can cause dielectric breakdown and excessive leakage, a problem often seen in older vacuum tube circuits, particularly where oiled paper and foil capacitors were used. In many vacuum tube circuits, interstage coupling capacitors are used to conduct a varying signal from the plate of one tube to the grid circuit of the next stage. A leaky capacitor can cause the grid circuit voltage to be raised from its normal bias setting, causing excessive current or signal distortion in the downstream tube. In power amplifiers this can cause the plates to glow red, or current limiting resistors to overheat, even fail. Similar considerations apply to component fabricated solid-state (transistor) amplifiers, but owing to lower heat production and the use of modern polyester dielectric barriers this once-common problem has become relatively rare.

Question: What sort of capacitors are used to carry a varying signal from the conductive plate of one tube to the grid circuit of the next stage?
Answer: interstage coupling capacitors
Vincent Gardenia
Vincent Gardenia (born Vincenzo Gardenia Scognamiglio; January 7, 1920 – December 9, 1992) was an Italian-American stage, film, and television actor. He was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, first for "Bang the Drum Slowly" (1973) and again for "Moonstruck" (1987). He also portrayed Det. Frank Ochoa in "Death Wish" (1974) and its 1982 sequel, as well as Mr. Mushnik in the musical film adaptation of "Little Shop of Horrors" (1986).
House of Pleasure for Women
House of Pleasure for Women ( ) is a 1976 satirical comedy film written and directed by Pupi Avati and starring Gigi Proietti, Christian De Sica, Gianni Cavina, Al Lettieri and Vincent Gardenia.

Question: What role did this Italian-American stage, film, and television actor who appeared in "House of Pleasure for Women" play in the movie "Death Wish" (1974)?
Answer: Det. Frank Ochoa
Celtic Frost
Celtic Frost ( ) were a Swiss extreme metal band from Zürich. They are known for their strong influence on the development of extreme metal and avant-garde metal. Formed in 1981 as Hellhammer, the band became Celtic Frost in 1984 and released their debut, "Morbid Tales", that year. This was followed by "To Mega Therion" (1985) and the highly experimental "Into the Pandemonium" (1987), all of which were widely praised. Their next album "Cold Lake" (1988) saw a new lineup and a radical change of style, which was widely derided. After the release of "Vanity/Nemesis" (1990), the group disbanded. It re-formed in 2001 and released the critically acclaimed "Monotheist" (2006), before disbanding following frontman Tom Gabriel Fischer's departure in 2008.
Celtic Frost
Their music included elements of various extreme metal styles. Their earlier music was mostly classified as thrash metal and death metal with an experimental streak, while their last album was more akin to doom metal and gothic metal. Celtic Frost were inspired by metal bands such as Black Sabbath, Judas Priest and Venom as well as gothic rock groups like Bauhaus, Siouxsie and the Banshees and Christian Death and by the hardcore punk of Discharge.
Hellhammer
Hellhammer was a Swiss extreme metal band from Nurensdorf, active during 1982–1984. They are regarded as a key influence on black metal. In June 1984, Hellhammer disbanded and founded another highly influential band, Celtic Frost.

Question: Hellhammer was a Swiss extreme metal band from Nurensdorf, active during 1981–1984, in June 1984, Hellhammer disbanded and founded another highly influential band, which Swiss heavy metal band, from Zürich?
Answer: Celtic Frost
Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.
Schultz Preserve
Schultz Preserve is a 120-acre nature preserve south of Gibsonton, Florida in Hillsborough County, Florida. It is managed by Hillsborough County and includes estuarine and freshwater wetlands, artificial reefs, and coastal lands in the northern part of Port Redwing. It was purchased by Southwest Florida Water Management District in 1995 and restored. Oyster bars and seagrasses have returned. It is named for Tampa Bay's first Audubon Society game warden. and is maintained by Hillsborough County. The area offers picnicking, fishing, canoeing, kayaking, snorkeling, bird watching and nature study opportunities. The preserve is part of the Alafia River watershed. It is being considered for a ferry terminal.

Question: What type of molluscs did the returning restaurants serve after Schultz Preserve was restored in 1995?
Answer: salt-water bivalve
Biodiversity
Brazil's Atlantic Forest is considered one such hotspot, containing roughly 20,000 plant species, 1,350 vertebrates and millions of insects, about half of which occur nowhere else. The island of Madagascar and India are also particularly notable. Colombia is characterized by high biodiversity, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide and it has the largest number of endemics (species that are not found naturally anywhere else) of any country. About 10% of the species of the Earth can be found in Colombia, including over 1,900 species of bird, more than in Europe and North America combined, Colombia has 10% of the world's mammals species, 14% of the amphibian species and 18% of the bird species of the world. Madagascar dry deciduous forests and lowland rainforests possess a high ratio of endemism. Since the island separated from mainland Africa 66 million years ago, many species and ecosystems have evolved independently. Indonesia's 17,000 islands cover 735355 sqmi and contain 10% of the world's flowering plants, 12% of mammals and 17% of reptiles, amphibians and birds—along with nearly 240 million people. Many regions of high biodiversity and/or endemism arise from specialized habitats which require unusual adaptations, for example, alpine environments in high mountains, or Northern European peat bogs.

Question: What island separated from mainland Africa 66 million years ago?
Answer: Madagascar
Thémistocle
Thémistocle ("Themistocles") is an opera by the French composer François-André Danican Philidor, first performed at Fontainebleau on 13 October 1785. It transferred to the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris (the Paris Opera) on 23 May 1786. It takes the form of a "tragédie lyrique" in three acts. The libretto, by Étienne Morel de Chédeville, is based on the life of the ancient Greek statesman Themistocles.
Themistocles
Themistocles ( ; "Themistoklẽs"; "Glory of the Law"; c. 524–459 BC) was an Athenian politician and general. He was one of a new breed of non-aristocratic politicians who rose to prominence in the early years of the Athenian democracy. As a politician, Themistocles was a populist, having the support of lower-class Athenians, and generally being at odds with the Athenian nobility. Elected archon in 493 BC, he convinced the polis to increase the naval power of Athens, a recurring theme in his political career. During the first Persian invasion of Greece he fought at the Battle of Marathon (490 BC) and was possibly one of the ten Athenian "strategoi" (generals) in that battle.

Question: Who wrote an opera based on the life of a man elected archon in 493 BC?
Answer: François-André Danican Philidor
Blue (O'Keeffe series)
Blue is the name of four paintings that Georgia O'Keeffe made in 1916. It was one of the sets of watercolors that she made exploring a monochromatic palette with designs that were non-representational of specific objects. The paintings were made on 15+7/8 x sheets of Japanese tissue of the gampi tree.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Georgia Totto O'Keeffe (November 15, 1887 – March 6, 1986) was an American artist. She was known for her paintings of enlarged flowers, New York skyscrapers, and New Mexico landscapes. O'Keeffe has been recognized as the "Mother of American modernism".

Question: What artist painted the sets of watercolors that she made exploring a monochromatic palette with designs that were non-representational of specific objects, and was best known for her paintings of enlarged flowers? 
Answer: Georgia Totto O'Keeffe
National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific
The National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific (informally known as Punchbowl Cemetery) is a national cemetery located at Punchbowl Crater in Honolulu, Hawaii. It serves as a memorial to honor those men and women who served in the United States Armed Forces, and those who have given their lives in doing so. It is administered by the National Cemetery Administration of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Millions of visitors visit the cemetery each year, and it is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Hawaii.
Punchbowl Crater
Punchbowl Crater is an extinct volcanic tuff cone located in Honolulu, Hawaii. It is the location of the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific.

Question: Punchbowl Crater is an extinct volcanic tuff cone and the location of a memorial to honor men and women who served in wthat?
Answer: the United States Armed Forces
Samira Makhmalbaf
Samira Makhmalbaf ( , "Samira Makhmalbaaf") (born February 15, 1980) is an internationally acclaimed Iranian filmmaker and script writer. She is the daughter of Mohsen Makhmalbaf, the film director and writer. Samira Makhmalbaf is considered to be one of the most influential directors as part of the Iranian New Wave.
Alfred Hitchcock
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director and producer. He is one of the most influential and extensively studied filmmakers in the history of cinema. Known as the "Master of Suspense", he directed over 50 feature films in a career spanning six decades, becoming as well known as any of his actors thanks to his many interviews, his cameo roles in most of his films, and his hosting and producing of the television anthology "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" (1955–1965). His films garnered a total of 46 Oscar nominations and 6 wins.
Alfred Hitchcock
Born in Leytonstone, London, Hitchcock entered the film industry in 1919 as a title card designer after training as a technical clerk and copy writer for a telegraph-cable company. He made his directorial debut with the British-German silent film "The Pleasure Garden" (1925). His first successful film, "" (1927), helped to shape the thriller genre, while his 1929 film, "Blackmail", was the first British "". Two of his 1930s thrillers, "The 39 Steps" (1935) and "The Lady Vanishes" (1938), are ranked among the greatest British films of the 20th century.

Question: Are Samira Makhmalbaf 's father and Alfred Hitchcock both directors ?
Answer: yes
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 to 1865. Lincoln led the nation through its greatest moral, constitutional, and political crisis in the American Civil War. He succeeded in preserving the Union, abolishing slavery, bolstering the federal government, and modernizing the U.S. economy.
Albert Gallatin Edwards
Albert Gallatin Edwards (October 15, 1812 – April 19, 1892) was an Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury under President of the United States Abraham Lincoln and founder of brokerage firm A. G. Edwards.

Question: Albert Gallatin Edwards was an Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury under which U.S president in 1865?
Answer: Abraham Lincoln
The Blitz
Although not specifically prepared to conduct independent strategic air operations against an opponent, the "Luftwaffe" was expected to do so over Britain. From July until September 1940 the "Luftwaffe" attacked Fighter Command to gain air superiority as a prelude to invasion. This involved the bombing of English Channel convoys, ports, and RAF airfields and supporting industries. Destroying RAF Fighter Command would allow the Germans to gain control of the skies over the invasion area. It was supposed Bomber Command, Coastal Command, and the Royal Navy could not operate under conditions of German air superiority.

Question: Which tactics were the Luftwaffe excepted to use against Britain? 
Answer: air operations
Chuck Woolery
Charles Herbert Woolery (born March 16, 1941) is an American former game show host, talk show host, and musician. He has had long-running tenures hosting several game shows. Woolery was the original host of "Wheel of Fortune" (1975–1981), the original incarnation of "Love Connection" (1983–1994), "Scrabble" (1984–1990, and during a brief revival in 1993), "Greed" on Fox from 1999 to 2000, and "Lingo" on Game Show Network from 2002–2007.
Think Like a Cat
Think Like a Cat is an American game show created by Grand Central Marketing and broadcast by Game Show Network. Hosted by Chuck Woolery and sponsored by Meow Mix, eight cats and their owners compete in the contest, which includes contestants playing games with their cats showcasing their knowledge of cat-based trivia and their relationships with their own cats. The overall winner of the game participates in a bonus round for a million dollar prize. The show premiered as a one-time special on November 15, 2008 and was critically panned, with writers arguing that the special was "embarrassing" and that it should be "put down".

Question: What show did Chuck Woolery host 1 year before hosting the game show "Think like a Cat"?
Answer: "Lingo"
Alps
The Alps provide lowland Europe with drinking water, irrigation, and hydroelectric power. Although the area is only about 11 percent of the surface area of Europe, the Alps provide up to 90 percent of water to lowland Europe, particularly to arid areas and during the summer months. Cities such as Milan depend on 80 percent of water from Alpine runoff. Water from the rivers is used in over 500 hydroelectricity power plants, generating as much as 2900 GWh of electricity.

Question: Water from the rivers is used in over how many hydroelectric power plants?
Answer: 500
Materialism
In late modern philosophy, German atheist anthropologist Ludwig Feuerbach would signal a new turn in materialism through his book "The Essence of Christianity" (1841), which presented a humanist account of religion as the outward projection of man's inward nature. Feuerbach introduced anthropological materialism, a version of materialism that views materialist anthropology as the universal science.

Question: Who wrote "The Essence of Christianity"?
Answer: Ludwig Feuerbach
Dafne (Opitz-Schütz)
Die Dafne (1627) to a libretto by Martin Opitz (which survives), and music by Heinrich Schütz (which is lost), has traditionally been regarded as the first German opera, though it has also been proposed more recently that it was in fact a spoken drama with inserted song and ballet numbers.
Jenůfa
Její pastorkyňa ("Her Stepdaughter"; commonly known as Jenůfa ( ) ) is an opera in three acts by Leoš Janáček to a Czech libretto by the composer, based on the play "Její pastorkyňa" by Gabriela Preissová. It was first performed at the National Theatre, Brno on 21 January 1904. Composed between 1896 and 1902, it is among the first operas written in prose.

Question: Which was created first, Jenůfa or Dafne?
Answer: Dafne
Botany
The strictest definition of "plant" includes only the "land plants" or embryophytes, which include seed plants (gymnosperms, including the pines, and flowering plants) and the free-sporing cryptogams including ferns, clubmosses, liverworts, hornworts and mosses. Embryophytes are multicellular eukaryotes descended from an ancestor that obtained its energy from sunlight by photosynthesis. They have life cycles with alternating haploid and diploid phases. The sexual haploid phase of embryophytes, known as the gametophyte, nurtures the developing diploid embryo sporophyte within its tissues for at least part of its life, even in the seed plants, where the gametophyte itself is nurtured by its parent sporophyte. Other groups of organisms that were previously studied by botanists include bacteria (now studied in bacteriology), fungi (mycology) – including lichen-forming fungi (lichenology), non-chlorophyte algae (phycology), and viruses (virology). However, attention is still given to these groups by botanists, and fungi (including lichens) and photosynthetic protists are usually covered in introductory botany courses.

Question: What two phases are included in the life cycles of embryophytes?
Answer: haploid and diploid
Ming–Tibet relations
The exact nature of relations between Tibet and the Ming dynasty of China (1368–1644) is unclear. Analysis of the relationship is further complicated by modern political conflicts and the application of Westphalian sovereignty to a time when the concept did not exist. Some Mainland Chinese scholars such as Wang Jiawei and Tibetan scholars such as Nyima Gyaincain, assert that the Ming dynasty had unquestioned sovereignty over Tibet, pointing to the Ming court's issuing of various titles to Tibetan leaders, Tibetans' full acceptance of these titles, and a renewal process for successors of these titles that involved traveling to the Ming capital. Scholars within China also argue that Tibet has been an integral part of China since the 13th century and that it was thus a part of the Ming Empire. But most scholars outside China, such as Turrell V. Wylie, Melvin C. Goldstein, and Helmut Hoffman, say that the relationship was one of suzerainty, that Ming titles were only nominal, that Tibet remained an independent region outside Ming control, and that it simply paid tribute until the Jiajing Emperor (1521–1566), who ceased relations with Tibet.

Question: Who were Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain?
Answer: Mainland Chinese scholars
Light My Fire
"Light My Fire" is a song by the American rock band the Doors. It was recorded in August 1966 and released in January 1967 on their eponymous debut album. Released as an edited single on April 24, 1967, it spent three weeks at number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in late July, and one week on the "Cash Box" Top 100, nearly a year after its recording.
Light My Fire
A year later, it re-entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1968 following the success of José Feliciano's cover version of the song (which peaked at number three on the "Billboard" chart), peaking at number 87. The song was largely written by the band's guitarist, Robby Krieger, but was credited to the entire band. The single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in September 1967 for exceeding one million units shipped. As of December 1971, it was the band's best-selling single with over 927,000 copies sold.
The Crystal Ship
"The Crystal Ship" is a song by American rock band the Doors, from their 1967 debut album "The Doors", and the B-side of the number-one hit single "Light My Fire". It was composed as a love song to Jim Morrison's first serious girlfriend, Mary Werbelow, shortly after their relationship ended.

Question: Which single by The Doors was a number one hit on the "Billboards" Hot 100 chart and was released in the same year as "The Crystal Ship"?
Answer: Light My Fire
Ashley Cole
Ashley Cole (born 20 December 1980) is an English former footballer who played as a left-back, most notably for Premier League club Chelsea, with whom he presently serves in the coaching staff for the U15 team. Cole is considered by many critics and fellow professional players as one of the best defenders of his generation, and by some, for the better part of his career, as the best left-back in the world. Born in Stepney, London, Cole began his youth career at Arsenal and made his full debut for the club in November 1999, going on to make 228 appearances and scoring nine goals for the North London club. With Arsenal he won two Premier League titles, three FA Cups, and was an integral member of the "Invincibles" team of the 2003–04 season, who went the entire league season undefeated. Cole also made an appearance in Arsenal's first UEFA Champions League final in 2006; the club lost 2–1 to Barcelona.
Ashley Cole
In August 2006, after a protracted transfer saga, Cole completed a move to rival club Chelsea, with whom he won further honours, including the Premier League in the 2009–10 season, four FA Cups, one Football League Cup and one UEFA Champions League. He was released by Chelsea at the end of the 2013–14 season. With seven winners' medals, Cole has won the FA Cup more times than any other player in history, and is one of two players to have won the Double with two clubs, along with Nicolas Anelka.
Cheryl: My Story
Cheryl: My Story is an autobiography written by the British recording artist Cheryl, who was known at the time as Cheryl Cole, co-written with Rachel Murphy. It was published by Harper on 11 October 2012. In addition to dealing with her childhood and her rise to fame as a member of the girl group Girls Aloud, Cheryl also discusses her volatile marriage with the footballer Ashley Cole, her life-threatening battle with malaria and her relationship with "The X Factor" boss Simon Cowell. While Cheryl was the subject of criticism for some of the book's content, "Cheryl: My Story" was well received by entertainment critics, who complimented the candid nature of the autobiography. It topped "The Sunday Times" Bestseller list, selling an average of 2,000 copies a day in its first five months of release.

Question: After leaving a member of the Los Angeles Galaxy,  a member of Girls Aloud started a relationship with which "X-Factor" judge?
Answer: Simon Cowell
Friedrich Hayek
With the help of Mises, in the late 1920s he founded and served as director of the Austrian Institute for Business Cycle Research before joining the faculty of the London School of Economics (LSE) in 1931 at the behest of Lionel Robbins. Upon his arrival in London, Hayek was quickly recognised as one of the leading economic theorists in the world and his development of the economics of processes in time and the co-ordination function of prices inspired the ground-breaking work of John Hicks, Abba P. Lerner and many others in the development of modern microeconomics.

Question: What subject did Hayek's works influence and inspire?
Answer: modern microeconomics
Serrano pepper
The serrano pepper ("Capsicum annuum") is a type of chili pepper that originated in the mountainous regions of the Mexican states of Puebla and Hidalgo. The name of the pepper is a reference to the mountains ("sierras") of these regions.
Jalapeño
The jalapeño ( , , ] ( ) ) is a medium-sized chili pepper pod type cultivar of the species "Capsicum annuum". A mature jalapeño chili is 5 - long and hangs down with a round, firm, smooth flesh of 25 - wide. It can have a range of pungency, with Scoville heat units of 3,500 to 8,000. Commonly picked and consumed while still green, it is occasionally allowed to fully ripen and turn red, orange, or yellow. It is wider and generally milder than the similar Serrano pepper. The Chile Pepper Institute is known for developing colored variations.

Question: Is the "capsicum annuum" milder or hotter than the jalapeno pepper?
Answer: It is wider and generally milder than the similar Serrano pepper.
Richard Linklater
Richard Stuart Linklater ( ; born July 30, 1960) is an American filmmaker. He is known for humanist films that revolve mainly around suburban culture and the effects of the passage of time. His films include the observational comedy film "Slacker" (1990); the coming-of-age comedy film "Dazed and Confused" (1993); the romantic drama "Before" trilogy, "Before Sunrise" (1995), "Before Sunset" (2004), and "Before Midnight" (2013); the music-themed comedy "School of Rock" (2003); the animated films "Waking Life" (2001) and "A Scanner Darkly" (2006); the epic coming-of-age drama "Boyhood" (2014); and the comedy film "Everybody Wants Some!!" (2016).
Richard Linklater
In 2015, Linklater was included on the annual "Time 100" list of the 100 most influential people in the world.
Carroll Ballard
Carroll Ballard (born October 14, 1937) is an American film director. He has directed six feature films, including "The Black Stallion" (1979), "Never Cry Wolf" (1983), and "Fly Away Home" (1996).

Question: Did Carroll Ballard or Richard Linklater receive an American film director award for Best Director and Best Picture?
Answer: Richard Stuart Linklater
Tadesse Meskela
Tadesse Meskela is the General Manager of the Oromia Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union of Ethiopia and was featured in the documentary "Black Gold". He is a proponent of fair-trade, and speaks publicly in support of it around the world. 
Black Gold (2006 film)
Black Gold is a 2006 documentary film that follows the efforts of an Ethiopian coffee-union manager as he travels the world to obtain a better price for his workers' coffee beans. The film was directed and produced by Marc James Francis and Nick Francis from Speakit Films, and co-produced by Christopher Hird. It premiered at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival.
Black Gold (2006 film)
The film focuses on the coffee growers of the Oromia Region of southern and western Ethiopia, the birthplace of coffee. It follows Tadesse Meskela, the General Manager of the Oromia Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union, as he visits coffee-growing regions in Sidamo and Oromia (including the Kilenso Mokonisa Cooperative in the Bule Hora woreda in the Borena Zone of the Oromia Region), as well as a coffee processing center, a coffee auction house, and his union's headquarters in Addis Ababa. He also travels to England and the United States in an effort to promote Ethiopian coffee by eliminating the numerous middlemen. There is also a scene where coffee farmers pray to God for a higher price, which was filmed at the Negele Gorbitu Cooperative, located near Irgachefe in the Abaya woreda of the Borena Zone. The Ethiopian coffee farmers speak about their lives, with one explaining that he is cutting down his coffee plants and planting "khat" (a plant containing cathinone, an amphetamine-like stimulant) instead, due to the low price he is getting for coffee because of the explosion in the number of coffee farmers across the globe, and the comparatively higher price he can get for "khat".

Question: Tadesse Meskela is the General Manager of the Oromia Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union an was featured in a documentary film released in what year?
Answer: 2006
Faces of Death
Faces of Death (later re-released as The Original Faces of Death) is a 1978 American mondo horror film written and directed by John Alan Schwartz, credited under the pseudonyms "Conan LeCilaire" and "Alan Black" respectively.
Barefoot to Herat
Barefoot to Herat ( , "Pa Berahneh ta Herat") is a 2002 Iranian film by Majid Majidi. It is a documentary about the plight of Afghan refugees just after the 2001 military offensive against the Taliban.

Question: Are Faces of Death and Barefoot to Herat both films?
Answer: yes
2007 NHL Entry Draft
The 2007 NHL Entry Draft was the 45th NHL Entry Draft. It was hosted at Nationwide Arena in the city of Columbus, Ohio, on June 22, 2007. The draft consisted of seven rounds with rounds two through seven taking place on June 23, 2007. The draft was televised on TSN and RDS, with the first round simulcasted in the United States on Versus and in Europe on NASN.
Brett Bellemore
Brett Bellemore (born June 25, 1988) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played with Esbjerg Energy in the Metal Ligaen (DEN). He has previously played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Carolina Hurricanes. Bellemore was selected in the 6th round, 162nd overall, by the Hurricanes in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.

Question: Where was the draft hosted ,consisting of seven rounds with rounds two through seven taking place on June 23, 2007, that a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman was selected in the 6th round, 162nd overall, by the Hurricanes?
Answer: Nationwide Arena
Atlantic City, New Jersey
With the redevelopment of the Las Vegas Strip and the opening of Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun in Connecticut in the early 1990s, along with newly built casinos in the nearby Philadelphia metro area in the 2000s, Atlantic City's tourism began to decline due to its failure to diversify away from gaming. Determined to expand, in 1999 the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partnered with Las Vegas casino mogul Steve Wynn to develop a new roadway to a barren section of the city near the Marina. Nicknamed "The Tunnel Project", Steve Wynn planned the proposed 'Mirage Atlantic City' around the idea that he would connect the $330 million tunnel stretching 2.5 mi from the Atlantic City Expressway to his new resort. The roadway was later officially named the Atlantic City-Brigantine Connector, and funnels incoming traffic off of the expressway into the city's marina district and the city of Brigantine.

Question: Why did the Atlantic City Redevelopment Authority partner with Steve Wynn?
Answer: to develop a new roadway
Deerfield, New Hampshire
Deerfield is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,280 at the 2010 census. Deerfield is home to the annual Deerfield Fair.
Deerfield Center Historic District
The Deerfield Center Historic District encompasses the heart of the rural New Hampshire town of Deerfield. It extends northwest along Church Street (formerly Old Center Road South) from its junction with North Road, Candia Road, and Raymond Road. It includes many of the town's municipal buildings, as well as a church and private residences, most of which were built before about 1920. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Question: What town in located in Rockingham County, New Hampshire and has a district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002?
Answer: Deerfield
Si-Te-Cah
According to Paiute oral history, the Si-Te-Cah, Saiduka or Sai'i are a legendary tribe whose mummified remains were allegedly discovered under four feet of guano by guano miners in what is now known as Lovelock Cave near Lovelock, Nevada, United States. Although the cave had been mined since 1911, miners did not notify authorities until 1912. The miners destroyed many of the artifacts, but archaeologists were still able to retrieve 10,000 Paiute artifacts from the cave. Items included tule duck decoys, sandals, and baskets, several dating back over 2000 years.
Lovelock Cave
Lovelock Cave (NV-Ch-18) is a North American archaeological site previously known as Sunset Guano Cave, Horseshoe Cave, and Loud Site 18. The cave is about 150 feet long and 35 feet wide. Lovelock Cave is one of the most important classic sites of the Great Basin region because the conditions of the cave are conducive to the preservation of organic and inorganic material. The cave was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 24, 1984. It was the first major cave in the Great Basin to be excavated, and the Lovelock Cave people are part of the University of California Archaeological Community's Lovelock Cave Station.

Question: The cave that contained the mummified remains of the Si-Te-Cah tribe was placced on the National Register of Historic Places in what year?
Answer: 1984
ATR 72
The ATR 72 is a twin-engine turboprop, short-haul regional airliner developed and produced in France and Italy by aircraft manufacturer ATR (Aerei da Trasporto Regionale or Avions de transport régional), a joint venture formed by French aerospace company Aérospatiale (now Airbus) and Italian aviation conglomerate Aeritalia (now Leonardo S.p.A.). The number "72" in its name is derived from the aircraft's standard seating configuration in a passenger-carrying configuration, which could seat 72–78 passengers in a single-class arrangement.
British Aerospace ATP
The British Aerospace ATP (Advanced Turbo-Prop) is an airliner produced by British Aerospace, introduced in the 1980s as an evolution of the Hawker Siddeley HS 748. The fuel crisis and increasing worries about aircraft noise led business planners at British Aerospace to believe that there was a market for a short-range, low-noise, fuel-efficient turboprop aircraft. By the time it entered the market, the segment was already well represented by designs such as the de Havilland Canada Dash 8, ATR 42 and ATR 72 and production was ended after only 65 examples.

Question: The British Aerospace ATP (Advanced Turbo-Prop) is an airliner produced by British Aerospace, by the time it entered the market, the segment was already well represented by designs such as the ATR 72 is a twin-engine turboprop, short-haul regional airliner developed and produced in which two countries, by aircraft manufacturer ATR?
Answer: France and Italy
Catalan language
This flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish. Thus, Catalan can have ("they recommended me to him"), whereas in French one must say , and Spanish . This allows the placement of almost any nominal term as a sentence topic, without having to use so often the passive voice (as in French or English), or identifying the direct object with a preposition (as in Spanish).

Question: What languages use extrapositioning in sentences less than Catalan? 
Answer: French or Spanish