qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Exile (American band)
Exile is an American band originally formed in 1963. In the 1970s they were known as a rock band that had a major hit single with "Kiss You All Over" in 1978. After several lineup changes, the band was re-launched as a country act that achieved additional success in the 1980s and 90s. J.P. Pennington is the only current member of the band remaining from its early days. 
Exile (American band)
The origins of Exile are with a high school band in Richmond, Kentucky called the Fascinations, which featured singer Jimmy Stokley. In 1963, the Fascinations merged with another local band and became Jimmy Stokley and the Exiles, with singer/guitarist J.P. Pennington, then age 14, joining a short time later. They toured regionally with the Dick Clark Caravan of Stars in 1965. Their name was later shortened to The Exiles, apparently to show support for Cuban refugees. 
J.P. Pennington
James Preston Pennington (born January 22, 1949) is an American musician, known primarily as a member of the country pop band Exile. Pennington was one of the early members and one of the lead singers of the group until departing in 1990. After leaving Exile, he signed to MCA Records as a solo artist. There, he released three singles and one album, "Whatever It Takes", in 1991. Pennington re-established the band in 1995, together with guitarist Les Taylor.

Question: James Preston "J.P." Pennington, is an American musician, known primarily as a founding member of which country pop band, founded in Richmond, Kentucky?
Answer: Exile
Of Gods and Men (film)
Of Gods and Men ( ) is a 2010 French drama film directed by Xavier Beauvois, starring Lambert Wilson and Michael Lonsdale. Its original French language title is Des hommes et des dieux, which means "Of Men and of Gods" and refers to a verse from the Bible shown at the beginning of the film. It centers on the monastery of Tibhirine, where nine Trappist monks lived in harmony with the largely Muslim population of Algeria, until seven of them were kidnapped and assassinated in 1996 during the Algerian Civil War.
Étienne Comar
Étienne Comar (born 25 January 1965) is a French film producer, screenwriter and film director. He is known for producing the films "Of Gods and Men" (2010) and "Timbuktu" (2014), for which he won the César Award for Best Film as producer in 2011 and 2015. In 2017, his directorial debut "Django" was selected to open the 67th Berlin International Film Festival.

Question: What award did the producer of the 2010 French film starring Lambert Wilson and Michael Lonsdale win for that film?
Answer: César Award for Best Film
Radschlepper Ost
Radschlepper Ost, literally "Wheeled Tractor East", also known as Škoda RSO or Porsche 175, was a German heavy 4WD military tractor used during World War II. It was designed by Ferdinand Porsche in 1941 and produced by Škoda in Mladá Boleslav. Around 206 vehicles were produced between the years 1942–1944.
Škoda Auto
ŠKODA AUTO (] ( ) ), commonly called Škoda, is a Czech automobile manufacturer founded in 1895 as Laurin & Klement and headquartered in Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic.

Question: Radschlepper Ost, literally "Wheeled Tractor East", also known as Škoda RSO or Porsche 175, was a German heavy 4WD military tractor used during World War II, it was designed by Ferdinand Porsche in 1941 and produced by which Czech automobile manufacturer founded in 1895 as Laurin & Klement, more commonly known as what?
Answer: Škoda
John von Neumann
Von Neumann introduced the study of rings of operators, through the von Neumann algebras. A von Neumann algebra is a *-algebra of bounded operators on a Hilbert space that is closed in the weak operator topology and contains the identity operator. The von Neumann bicommutant theorem shows that the analytic definition is equivalent to a purely algebraic definition as being equal to the bicommutant. Von Neumann embarked in 1936, with the partial collaboration of F.J. Murray, on the general study of factors classification of von Neumann algebras. The six major papers in which he developed that theory between 1936 and 1940 "rank among the masterpieces of analysis in the twentieth century". The direct integral was later introduced in 1949 by John von Neumann.

Question: When was direct integral introduced by von Neumann?
Answer: 1949
Elizabeth II
During her grandfather's reign, Elizabeth was third in the line of succession to the British throne, behind her uncle Edward and her father. Although her birth generated public interest, she was not expected to become queen, as Edward was still young and likely to marry and have children of his own, who would precede Elizabeth in the line of succession. When her grandfather died in 1936 and her uncle succeeded as Edward VIII, she became second in line to the throne, after her father. Later that year, Edward abdicated, after his proposed marriage to divorced socialite Wallis Simpson provoked a constitutional crisis. Consequently, Elizabeth's father became king, and she became heir presumptive. If her parents had had a later son, he would have been heir apparent and above her in the line of succession, which was determined by male-preference primogeniture.

Question: When did Elizabeth's grandfather die?
Answer: 1936
PlayStation 3
The console was first officially announced at E3 2005, and was released at the end of 2006. It was the first console to use Blu-ray Disc as its primary storage medium. The console was the first PlayStation to integrate social gaming services, including the PlayStation Network, as well as the first to be controllable from a handheld console, through its remote connectivity with PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita. In September 2009, the "Slim" model of the PlayStation 3 was released. It no longer provided the hardware ability to run PS2 games. It was lighter and thinner than the original version, and featured a redesigned logo and marketing design, as well as a minor start-up change in software. A "Super Slim" variation was then released in late 2012, further refining and redesigning the console.
PlayStation 3
During its early years, the system was negatively received, due to its high price ($599 for a 60 gigabyte model, $499 for a 20 GB model), a complex processor architecture, and lack of quality games but was praised for its Blu-ray capabilities and "untapped potential". The reception would get more positive over time. The system had a slow start in the market but managed to recover, particularly after the introduction of the "Slim" model. Its successor, the PlayStation 4, was released later in November 2013. On September 29, 2015, Sony confirmed that sales of the PlayStation 3 were to be discontinued in New Zealand, but the system remained in production in other markets. Shipments of new units to Europe and Australia ended in March 2016, followed by North America which ended in October 2016. Heading into 2017, Japan was the last territory where new units were still being produced until May 29, 2017, when Sony confirmed the PlayStation 3 was discontinued in Japan.

Question: What was the thinner version of the PS3 called?
Answer: Slim
Bea Arthur
Beatrice Arthur (born Bernice Frankel; May 13, 1922 – April 25, 2009) was an American actress and comedian.
Bea Arthur
Arthur began her career on stage in 1947 and made her Broadway debut in "The Threepenny Opera" in 1954. She won the 1966 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for playing Vera Charles in "Mame". She went on to play Maude Findlay on the 1970s sitcoms "All in the Family" (1971–72) and "Maude" (1972–78), and Dorothy Zbornak on the 1980s sitcom "The Golden Girls" (1985–92), winning Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series in 1977 and 1988. Her film appearances include "Lovers and Other Strangers" (1970) and "Mame" (1974). In 2002, she starred in the one-woman show "Bea Arthur on Broadway: Just Between Friends".
Dorothy Zbornak
Dorothy Zbornak, later Dorothy Zbornak-Hollingsworth (née Petrillo) is a character from the sitcom television series "The Golden Girls", portrayed by Beatrice Arthur for seven years and 180 episodes. Dorothy was the strong, smart, sarcastic, sometimes intimidating, and arguably most grounded of the four women in the house. Though tough, she is normally friendly and polite and does genuinely care for the other girls. In the 1000th issue of "Entertainment Weekly", Dorothy Zbornak was selected as the Grandma for "The Perfect TV Family."

Question: Which actress was born in 1922 and starred in the TV series "The Golden Girls"?
Answer: Bea Arthur
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
This liberalization, however, fostered nationalist movements and ethnic disputes within the Soviet Union. It also led indirectly to the revolutions of 1989, in which Soviet-imposed socialist regimes of the Warsaw Pact were toppled peacefully (with the notable exception of Romania), which in turn increased pressure on Gorbachev to introduce greater democracy and autonomy for the Soviet Union's constituent republics. Under Gorbachev's leadership, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1989 introduced limited competitive elections to a new central legislature, the Congress of People's Deputies (although the ban on other political parties was not lifted until 1990).

Question: What were some of the downsides of the more liberal Soviet Union?
Answer: nationalist movements and ethnic disputes
Jason Scott Lee
Jason Scott Lee (; born November 19, 1966) is an American actor and martial artist who is perhaps best known for his roles as Bruce Lee (no relation) in the 1993 martial arts film "" and Mowgli in Disney's 1994 live action adaptation of "The Jungle Book".
Dracula II: Ascension
Dracula II: Ascension is a 2003 direct-to-video American-Romanian horror film, directed by Patrick Lussier. It stars Jason Scott Lee, Stephen Billington and Diane Neal. Filmed entirely in Romania by Castel Film Studios, the film is the sequel to "Dracula 2000". It was released direct-to-video on June 7, 2003. The film marks one of the very few cinematic portrayals of certain aspects of vampire lore, such as a vampire's compulsive need to count mustard seeds and untie knots.

Question: Dracula II: Ascension is a 2003 direct-to-video American-Romanian horror film, it stars which American actor and martial artist, and is best known for his role as Mowgli in Disney's 1994 live-action adaptation of "The Jungle Book"?
Answer: Jason Scott Lee
University of Ghana Medical School
The University of Ghana Medical School also UGMS is the medical school of Ghana's first public research institution, the University of Ghana. It is currently located at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra. The medical school was first planned in 1919, but took its first students in 1962.
Charles Odamtten Easmon
Charles Odamtten Easmon or C. O. Easmon, popularly known as Charlie Easmon, (22 September 1913 – 19 May 1994) was a medical doctor and academic who became the first Ghanaian to formally qualify as a surgeon specialist and the first Dean of the University of Ghana Medical School. Easmon performed the first successful open-heart surgery in Ghana in 1964, and modern scholars credit him as the "Father of Cardiac Surgery in West Africa". Easmon was of Sierra Leone Creole, Ga-Dangme, African-American, Danish, and Irish ancestry and a member of the distinguished Easmon family, a Sierra Leone Creole medical dynasty of African-American descent.

Question: Which school located at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital employed Charles Odamtten Easmon?
Answer: University of Ghana Medical School
Umayyad Caliphate
Hisham suffered still worse defeats in the east, where his armies attempted to subdue both Tokharistan, with its center at Balkh, and Transoxiana, with its center at Samarkand. Both areas had already been partially conquered, but remained difficult to govern. Once again, a particular difficulty concerned the question of the conversion of non-Arabs, especially the Sogdians of Transoxiana. Following the Umayyad defeat in the "Day of Thirst" in 724, Ashras ibn 'Abd Allah al-Sulami, governor of Khurasan, promised tax relief to those Sogdians who converted to Islam, but went back on his offer when it proved too popular and threatened to reduce tax revenues.

Question: In what year did the Day of Thirst occur?
Answer: 724
Wood
Wood, in the strict sense, is yielded by trees, which increase in diameter by the formation, between the existing wood and the inner bark, of new woody layers which envelop the entire stem, living branches, and roots. This process is known as secondary growth; it is the result of cell division in the vascular cambium, a lateral meristem, and subsequent expansion of the new cells. These cells then go on to form thickened secondary cell walls, composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.

Question: Where does wood come from?
Answer: trees
Charles Fort
Charles Hoy Fort (August 6, 1874 – May 3, 1932) was an American writer and researcher who specialized in anomalous phenomena. The terms "Fortean" and "Forteana" are sometimes used to characterize various such phenomena. Fort's books sold well and are still in print. His work continues to inspire admirers, who refer to themselves as "Forteans," and has influenced some aspects of science fiction.
Lo!
Lo! was the third published nonfiction work of the author Charles Fort (first edition 1931). In it he details a wide range of unusual phenomena. In the final chapter of the book he proposes a new cosmology that the earth is stationary in space and surrounded by a solid shell which is (in the book's final words) "... not unthinkably far away."

Question: Lo! was the third published nonfiction work of what American writer who specialized in anomalous phenomena?
Answer: Charles Hoy Fort
American Pimp
American Pimp is a 1999 documentary that examines the pimp subculture in the United States. It was directed by the Hughes Brothers, the filmmakers behind "Menace II Society" and "Dead Presidents". 
Where Have All the Flowers Gone? (film)
Where Have All the Flowers Gone? is a 2008 documentary film directed by Arturo Perez Jr. and produced by Arturo Perez Jr., Joel Sadler and Billy Troy. Perez, Sadler, and Troy travel to San Francisco to recapture the Summer of Love more than 40 years previously. The film premiered at the Wine Country Film Festival on August 4, 2008 and at San Francisco State University on September 26, 2008.

Question: Which documentary was created first, Where Have All the Flowers Gone? or American Pimp?
Answer: American Pimp
Woman's Era
Woman's Era is an Indian fortnightly women interest magazine, published in English language. It was started in 1973 by Vishwanath under his publishing house, the Delhi Press. The magazine is owned by the Delhi Press. Divesh Nath has been the managing editor of the magazine since 2002.
Cookie (magazine)
Cookie was a lifestyle magazine for the modern mother published from 2005 until November 2009 by Condé Nast Publications. According to Conde Nast, it featured "an editorial mix of fashion, home décor, travel, entertainment and health for her and her family."

Question: Which magazine has been in circulation longer, Cookie or Woman's Era? 
Answer: Woman's Era
Arena Football League
In 2010, the first year of the reconstituted league following bankruptcy, the overall attendance average decreased to 8,135, with only one team (Tampa Bay) exceeding 13,000 per game. The 2019 average per game attendance of 7,195 was the lowest since 2012, when the league's season was interrupted by a temporary strike.

Question: What was the AFL's average per-game attendance in 2010?
Answer: 8,135
Deron Miller
Deron John Miller (born May 21, 1976) is an American heavy metal musician. He is best known as the former lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of alternative metal band CKY, which he co-founded in 1998. Other bands Miller fronts include the progressive metal band Foreign Objects, the melodic death metal group World Under Blood and the band 96 Bitter Beings.
Jim Lindberg
James William Lindberg (born July 26, 1965) is an American singer and guitarist. Active since the 1980s, when he played in local bands in his early career, Lindberg is best known for being the songwriter and lead singer of the influential punk rock band Pennywise, which he fronted from 1988 to 2009, and again since 2012. He also founded The Black Pacific, who released a debut album in 2010.

Question: Who, Deron Miller or Jim Lindberg, is best known for being the frontman and songwriter of what punk rock band?
Answer: Pennywise
On the Origin of Species
The leading naturalist in Britain was the anatomist Richard Owen, an idealist who had shifted to the view in the 1850s that the history of life was the gradual unfolding of a divine plan. Owen's review of the "Origin" in the April 1860 "Edinburgh Review" bitterly attacked Huxley, Hooker and Darwin, but also signalled acceptance of a kind of evolution as a teleological plan in a continuous "ordained becoming", with new species appearing by natural birth. Others that rejected natural selection, but supported "creation by birth", included the Duke of Argyll who explained beauty in plumage by design. Since 1858, Huxley had emphasised anatomical similarities between apes and humans, contesting Owen's view that humans were a separate sub-class. Their disagreement over human origins came to the fore at the British Association for the Advancement of Science meeting featuring the legendary 1860 Oxford evolution debate. In two years of acrimonious public dispute that Charles Kingsley satirised as the "Great Hippocampus Question" and parodied in "The Water-Babies" as the "great hippopotamus test", Huxley showed that Owen was incorrect in asserting that ape brains lacked a structure present in human brains. Others, including Charles Lyell and Alfred Russel Wallace, thought that humans shared a common ancestor with apes, but higher mental faculties could not have evolved through a purely material process. Darwin published his own explanation in the "Descent of Man" (1871).

Question: Who was the leading naturalist in Britain?
Answer: Richard Owen,
Vashti Cunningham
Vashti Cunningham (born January 18, 1998) is an American track and field athlete specializing in the high jump. She is the daughter of retired National Football League (NFL) quarterback Randall Cunningham, niece of retired NFL fullback Sam Cunningham, and the younger sister of Randall Cunningham II. Her mother is Felicity de Jager Cunningham a former ballerina with the Dance Theatre of Harlem. Vashti, like her brother two years ahead of her in school, jumped for Bishop Gorman High School in Las Vegas, Nevada until March 2016 when she signed with Nike. She announced she will continue her education at a university while competing as a professional athlete.
Randall Cunningham
Randall Wade Cunningham Sr. (born March 27, 1963) is a former American football quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played in the NFL for 16 seasons, primarily with the Philadelphia Eagles. Cunningham is also known for his tenure with the Minnesota Vikings. He is the younger brother of former college and professional football player Sam Cunningham and the father of Randall Cunningham II and world champion high jumper Vashti Cunningham. Cunningham was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2016. Cunningham was also inducted into the Southern Nevada Sports Hall of Fame in 2000.

Question: What year was Felicity de Jager Cunningham's husband inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame?
Answer: 2016
Matt King (comedian)
Matt King (born 31 January 1968) is an English actor, DJ and comedian. He is best known for his role as Super Hans in the British sitcom "Peep Show". 
Zombie Spring Breakers
Zombie Spring Breakers (previously Ibiza Undead) is a 2016 horror film written and directed by Andy Edwards. Premiered at London's FrightFest Film Festival in August 2016, the film stars Cara Theobold and Matt King. The story follows a similar plot to 2013's Go Goa Gone.
Zombie Spring Breakers
A group of young people head to Ibiza for the holiday of a lifetime – only to find a zombie outbreak getting in the way. In the world of Ibiza Undead zombies are commonplace and a new strain of virus has started appearing across the globe, rendering its victims as flesh-eating maniacs. Britain has been severely affected, but zombie are managed and frequent checks ensure that no virus carriers make it across the borders. Club owner Karl (Matt King) decides that deranged podium dancing zombies are just what he needs for his Ibiza nightclub, so he commissions a boat full of them to be smuggled in. His plan backfires and his 'cargo' ends up in the Mediterranean. But the undead don’t stay dead, and when they make their way ashore the holiday paradise of Ibiza soon begins to resemble a war zone. Oblivious to these events, a gang of young British men - Jim, Alex and Az arrive on the island intent on a good time. Other cast members include Cara Theobold as Alex's former girlfriend Ellie, Inbetweeners star Emily Atack as Alex’s older sister Liz, Algina Lipskis as Zara, and movie pundit Alex Zane who makes a cameo as a club promoter.

Question: Which English actor played a role in both the British sitcom Peep Show and the 2016 horror film Ibiza Undead?
Answer: Matt King
Roman Republic
Caesar was assassinated on 15 March 44. The assassination was led by Gaius Cassius and Marcus Brutus. Most of the conspirators were senators, who had a variety of economic, political, or personal motivations for carrying out the assassination. Many were afraid that Caesar would soon resurrect the monarchy and declare himself king. Others feared loss of property or prestige as Caesar carried out his land reforms in favor of the landless classes. Virtually all the conspirators fled the city after Caesar's death in fear of retaliation. The civil war that followed destroyed what was left of the Republic.

Question: Who did Gaius Cassius and Marcus Brutus lead the conspiracy against?
Answer: Caesar
Black people
Due to the patriarchal nature of Arab society, Arab men, including during the slave trade in North Africa, enslaved more African women than men. The female slaves were often put to work in domestic service and agriculture. The men interpreted the Quran to permit sexual relations between a male master and his enslaved females outside of marriage (see Ma malakat aymanukum and sex), leading to many mixed-race children. When an enslaved woman became pregnant with her Arab master's child, she was considered as "umm walad" or "mother of a child", a status that granted her privileged rights. The child was given rights of inheritance to the father's property, so mixed-race children could share in any wealth of the father. Because the society was patrilineal, the children took their fathers' social status at birth and were born free.

Question: What is the term for a pregnant slave?
Answer: umm walad
Sölden
Sölden is a municipality in the Ötztal valley of Tyrol, Austria.
2011–12 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The 46th World Cup season began on 22 October 2011, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded on 18 March 2012, at the World Cup finals in Schladming, Austria.

Question: In what valley of Tyrol, Austria will the 46th FIS Alpine Ski World Cup season began on 22 October 2011?
Answer: Ötztal valley
Bret Harrison
Bret Michael Harrison (born April 6, 1982) is an American actor and musician known predominantly for his work on comedy television series such as "Grounded for Life", "The Loop", "Reaper", and "Breaking In".
Mardi Gras: Spring Break
Mardi Gras: Spring Break is a 2011 comedy/road trip film. It stars Nicholas D'Agosto, Josh Gad, Bret Harrison, Arielle Kebbel, Danneel Harris, Regina Hall, and Carmen Electra. It is directed by Phil Dornfield. The film follows a trio of senior college students who visit New Orleans during the Mardi Gras season.

Question: Which Actor from "The Loop" was featured in Mardi Gras: Spring Break in 2011?
Answer: Bret Harrison
Ermonela Jaho
Ermonela Jaho is an Albanian operatic soprano. She was described in "The Economist" as "the world’s most acclaimed soprano". The "Financial Times" said "Ermonela Jaho throws heart and soul into her singing... Don't even try to resist".
Edlira Dedja
Edlira Dedja Bytyçi is an Albanian pianist, art critic, municipal councilor, and creator and leader of the cultural foundation Opera sans frontieres (Opera without borders) in the capital of the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel on Lake Neuchâtel. 
Edlira Dedja
She is a descendant of the academic and writer Bedri Dedja. Her work has included promoting opera artists including Saimir Pirgu and Ermonela Jaho, and has organised international charity concerts for the benefit of children with mental health problems. She has also worked with the Swiss organisation ASED - Action for the Support of Deprived Children, to create specialized centers of free services of support in Berat and other cities of Albania.

Question: Edlira Dedja Bytyçi is an Albanian Artist of piano, art critic, municipal councilor, and the creator and leadership of the cultural foundation Opera sans frontieres -Opera without borders, promotes famous Opera artists like which Albanian soprano? 
Answer: Ermonela Jaho
FC Barcelona
On 16 March 1938, Barcelona came under aerial bombardment from the Italian Air Force, causing more than 3,000 deaths, with one of the bombs hitting the club's offices. A few months later, Catalonia came under occupation and as a symbol of the "undisciplined" Catalanism, the club, now down to just 3,486 members, faced a number of restrictions. All signs of regional nationalism, including language, flag and other signs of separatism were banned throughout Spain. The Catalan flag was banned and the club were prohibited from using non-Spanish names. These measures forced the club to change its name to "Club de Fútbol Barcelona" and to remove the Catalan flag from its crest.

Question: What kind of signs were removed form club Barcelona?
Answer: regional nationalism
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (sometimes referred to as HG2G, HHGTTG, H2G2, or tHGttG) is a comedy science fiction series created by Douglas Adams. Originally a radio comedy broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 1978, it was later adapted to other formats, including stage shows, novels, comic books, a 1981 TV series, a 1984 video game, and 2005 feature film.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" has become an international multi-media phenomenon; the novels are the most widely distributed, having been translated into more than 30 languages by 2005. The first novel, "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (1979), was ranked fourth on the BBC’s The Big Read poll. The sixth novel, "And Another Thing", was written by Eoin Colfer with additional unpublished material by Douglas Adams. In 2017, BBC Radio 4 announced a 40th-anniversary celebration with Dirk Maggs, one of the original producers, in charge. The first of six new episodes was broadcast on 8 March 2018.
Trillian (character)
Tricia Marie McMillan, also known as Trillian Astra, is a fictional character from Douglas Adams' series "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy". She is most commonly referred to simply as "Trillian", a modification of her birth name, which she adopted because it sounded more "space-like". According to the movie version, her middle name is Marie. Physically, she is described as "a slim, darkish humanoid, with long waves of black hair, a full mouth, an odd little knob of a nose and ridiculously brown eyes," looking "vaguely Arabic."

Question: What is the original format of the series with the fictional character Trillian Astra?
Answer: radio comedy broadcast
The Blitz
Some writers claim the Air Staff ignored a critical lesson, that British morale did not break and that attacking German morale was not sufficient to induce a collapse. Aviation strategists dispute that morale was ever a major consideration for Bomber Command. Throughout 1933–39 none of the 16 Western Air Plans drafted mentioned morale as a target. The first three directives in 1940 did not mention civilian populations or morale in any way. Morale was not mentioned until the ninth wartime directive on 21 September 1940. The 10th directive in October 1940 mentioned morale by name but industrial cities were only to be targeted if weather prevented raids on oil targets.

Question: What did 16 of the Western Air Plans not mention?
Answer: morale as a target.
Glacier
Thermally, a "temperate glacier" is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a "polar glacier" is always below the freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snow pack may experience seasonal melting. A "subpolar glacier" includes both temperate and polar ice, depending on depth beneath the surface and position along the length of the glacier. In a similar way, the thermal regime of a glacier is often described by its basal temperature. A "cold-based glacier" is below freezing at the ice-ground interface and is thus frozen to the underlying substrate. A "warm-based glacier" is above or at freezing at the interface and is able to slide at this contact. This contrast is thought to a large extent to govern the ability of a glacier to effectively erode its bed, as sliding ice promotes plucking at rock from the surface below. Glaciers which are partly cold-based and partly warm-based are known as "polythermal".

Question: What temperature characteristic determines a temperate glacier?
Answer: melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base
Qing dynasty
Relocating his court from Jianzhou to Liaodong provided Nurhaci access to more resources; it also brought him in close contact with the Khorchin Mongol domains on the plains of Mongolia. Although by this time the once-united Mongol nation had long since fragmented into individual and hostile tribes, these tribes still presented a serious security threat to the Ming borders. Nurhaci's policy towards the Khorchins was to seek their friendship and cooperation against the Ming, securing his western border from a powerful potential enemy.

Question: Where did Nurhachi move his court to?
Answer: Liaodong
Brigitte Nielsen
Brigitte Nielsen (] ; born Gitte Nielsen; 15 July 1963) is a Danish actress, model, singer and reality television personality. She began her career modeling for Greg Gorman and Helmut Newton. She subsequently acted in the 1985 films "Red Sonja" and "Rocky IV", later returning to Rocky series in "Creed II" (2018). She is also known for her marriage to Sylvester Stallone, with whom she starred in the 1986 film "Cobra". She played a villain in "Beverly Hills Cop II" (1987) and starred as the Black Witch in the 1990s Italian film series "Fantaghirò." She later built a career starring in B-movies, hosting TV shows, and appearing on reality shows.
Rocky IV
Rocky IV is a 1985 American sports drama film written, directed by, and starring Sylvester Stallone. The film co-stars Dolph Lundgren, Burt Young, Talia Shire, Carl Weathers, Tony Burton, Brigitte Nielsen and Michael Pataki. "Rocky IV" was the highest grossing sports movie for 24 years, before it was overtaken by "The Blind Side". It is the fourth and most financially successful entry in the "Rocky" film series.

Question: Rocky IV is an American sports drama film, released in which year, the film co-stars Brigitte Nielsen,a Danish-Italian actress, model, singer and reality television personality who began her career modelling for Greg Gorman and Helmut Newton and several years later acted in the 1985 films "Red Sonja" and "Rocky IV?
Answer: 1985
Cyprus
In 2014, Turkey was ordered by the European Court of Human Rights to pay well over $100m in compensation to Cyprus for the invasion; Ankara announced that it would ignore the judgment. In 2014, a group of Cypriot refugees and a European parliamentarian, later joined by the Cypriot government, filed a complaint to the International Court of Justice, accusing Turkey of violating the Geneva Conventions by directly or indirectly transferring its civilian population into occupied territory. Over the preceding ten years, civilian transfer by Turkey had "reached new heights", in the words of one US ambassador. Other violations of the Geneva and the Hague Conventions—both ratified by Turkey—amount to what archaeologist Sophocles Hadjisavvas called "the organized destruction of Greek and Christian heritage in the north". These violations include looting of cultural treasures, deliberate destruction of churches, neglect of works of art, and altering the names of important historical sites, which was condemned by the International Council on Monuments and Sites. Hadjisavvas has asserted that these actions are motivated by a Turkish policy of erasing the Greek presence in Northern Cyprus within a framework of ethnic cleansing, as well as by greed and profit-seeking on the part of the individuals involved.

Question: How much was Turkey ordered to pay in compensation to Cyprus?
Answer: over $100m
MP3
There are also open compression formats like Opus and Vorbis that are available free of charge and without any known patent restrictions. Some of the newer audio compression formats, such as AAC, WMA Pro and Vorbis, are free of some limitations inherent to the MP3 format that cannot be overcome by any MP3 encoder.

Question: What are some benefits to some of the newer audio compression formats when compared to MP3?
Answer: free of some limitations inherent to the MP3 format
Miranda Devine
Miranda Devine (born July 1961 ) is a conservative Australian columnist and writer. Her column, formerly printed twice weekly in Fairfax Media newspapers "The Sydney Morning Herald" and "The Sun-Herald", now appears in the News Limited newspapers "Daily Telegraph", "Sunday Telegraph", Melbourne's "Sunday Herald Sun" and Perth's "Sunday Times". She hosted "The Miranda Devine Show", a weekly syndicated radio show on Sydney station 2GB. The show ended in 2015. As of early 2020, her columns appear in the New York Post.
2GB
2GB is a commercial radio station in Sydney, Australia broadcasting on 873 kHz, AM. In 2010, 2GB held 14.7% of the total radio ratings share, making it the most widely listened-to radio station in Sydney.

Question: What frequency does the radio station which hosted The Miranda Devine Show broadcast at?
Answer: 873 kHz
The Sun (United Kingdom)
On 28 January 2012, police arrested four current and former staff members of "The Sun", as part of a probe in which journalists paid police officers for information; a police officer was also arrested in the probe. The "Sun" staffers arrested were crime editor Mike Sullivan, head of news Chris Pharo, former deputy editor Fergus Shanahan, and former managing editor Graham Dudman, who since became a columnist and media writer. All five arrested were held on suspicion of corruption. Police also searched the offices of News International, the publishers of "The Sun", as part of a continuing investigation into the "News of the World" scandal.

Question: What role had Graham Dudman taken after serving as The Sun managing editor?
Answer: columnist and media writer
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Prior to his inauguration, Eisenhower led a meeting of advisors at Pearl Harbor addressing foremost issues; agreed objectives were to balance the budget during his term, to bring the Korean War to an end, to defend vital interests at lower cost through nuclear deterrent, and to end price and wage controls. He also conducted the first pre-inaugural cabinet meeting in history in late 1952; he used this meeting to articulate his anti-communist Russia policy. His inaugural address was also exclusively devoted to foreign policy and included this same philosophy as well as a commitment to foreign trade and the United Nations.

Question: What war did Eisenhower want to end as president?
Answer: Korean
Tim O'Brien (author)
William Timothy "Tim" O'Brien (born October 1, 1946) is an American novelist. He is best known for his book "The Things They Carried" (1990), a collection of linked semi-autobiographical stories inspired by O'Brien's experiences in the Vietnam War. In 2010, the "New York Times" described O'Brien's book as a Vietnam classic. In addition, he is known for his war novel, "Going After Cacciato" (1978), also about wartime Vietnam, and later novels about postwar lives of veterans.
Colin Wilson
Colin Henry Wilson (26 June 1931 – 5 December 2013) was an English writer, philosopher and novelist. He also wrote widely on true crime, mysticism and the paranormal, eventually writing more than a hundred books. Wilson called his philosophy "new existentialism" or "phenomenological existentialism", and maintained his life work was "that of a philosopher, and (his) purpose to create a new and optimistic existentialism".

Question: Are Tim O'Brien and Colin Wilson both novelists?
Answer: yes
Königsberg
Königsberg ( , , ] ( ) ) is the name for the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Originally a Sambian or Old Prussian settlement, it then belonged to the State of the Teutonic Order, the Duchy of Prussia, the Kingdom of Prussia, the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, and Nazi Germany. After being largely destroyed in World War II by Allied bombing and the Red Army, it was annexed by the Soviet Union and its surviving inhabitants executed or forcibly expelled. Thereafter, the city was renamed Kaliningrad. Few traces of the former Königsberg remain today.
Jan Mikulicz-Radecki
Jan Mikulicz-Radecki ( ) was a Polish surgeon. He was born on 16 May 1850 in Czerniowce in the Austrian Empire (present-day Chernivtsi in Ukraine) and died on 4 June 1905 in Breslau, German Empire. He was professor in Kraków, Wrocław, and Królewiec (Königsberg). He was the inventor of new operating techniques and tools, and is one of the pioneers of antiseptics and aseptic techniques. In Poland he is regarded as one of the founders of the Kraków school of surgery.

Question: Jan Mikulicz-Radecki was a professor in which town that is currently known as Kaliningrad, Russia? 
Answer: Königsberg
Manhattan (soundtrack)
Manhattan is the original motion picture soundtrack to Woody Allen's 1979 film "Manhattan" with music by George Gershwin. It was performed by the New York Philharmonic under Zubin Mehta and the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra under Michael Tilson Thomas. The soundtrack works supremely well with the film and is equally effective without the film. It was nominated for Best Soundtrack in the 33rd British Academy Film Awards.
Zubin Mehta
Zubin Mehta (born 29 April 1936) is an Indian conductor of Western and Eastern classical music. He is music director emeritus of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra (IPO) and conductor emeritus of the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
Zubin Mehta
Mehta's father was the founder of the Bombay Symphony Orchestra, and Mehta received his early musical education from him. When he was 18, he enrolled in the Vienna state music academy, from which he graduated after three years with a diploma as a conductor. He began winning international competitions and conducted the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic at age 21. Beginning in the 1960s, Mehta gained experience by substituting for celebrated maestros throughout the world.

Question: What Indian conductor of the New York Philharmonic performed "Manhattan"?
Answer: Zubin Mehta
The Carol Burnett Show
The Carol Burnett Show is an American variety/sketch comedy television show starring Carol Burnett, Harvey Korman, Vicki Lawrence, and Lyle Waggoner. In 1975, frequent guest star Tim Conway became a regular after Waggoner left the series. In 1977, Dick Van Dyke replaced Korman but it was agreed that it was not a match and he left after 10 episodes. The show originally ran on CBS from September 11, 1967, to March 29, 1978, for 279 episodes, and again with nine episodes in fall 1991. The series originated in CBS Television City's Studio 33, and won 25 primetime Emmy Awards, was ranked number 16 on "TV Guide"' s 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time in 2002, and in 2007 was listed as one of "Time"' s 100 Best TV Shows of All Time.
The Carol Burnett Show
After the original run ended, material from 1972 to 1977 (seasons 6–10) was repackaged as a half-hour series known as Carol Burnett and Friends, which has aired in various syndicated outlets more-or-less continuously since the original series ended. Because of this format, material from the first five seasons did not air, outside of their original run, until 2019 when MeTV acquired the rights to these earlier seasons and began airing them. The cast has periodically reunited for various one-off specials and short appearances, and several members of the cast went on to star in "Mama's Family" (1983–1990), a half-hour situation comedy based on a sketch series from "The Carol Burnett Show".
Lyle Waggoner
Lyle Wesley Waggoner ( ; April 13, 1935 – March 17, 2020) was an American actor, sculptor, presenter, travel trailer salesman, and model, known for his work on "The Carol Burnett Show" from 1967 to 1974, and for playing the role of Steve Trevor and Steve Trevor Jr. on "Wonder Woman" from 1975 to 1979.

Question: This American variety/sketch comedy starring Vicki Lawrence also starred what actor known for his role of Steve Trevor on "Wonder Woman"?
Answer: Lyle Wesley Waggoner
Universal Pictures
The production arm of the studio still struggled. While there were to be a few hits like "The Killers" (1946) and "The Naked City" (1948), Universal-International's new theatrical films often met with disappointing response at the box office. By the late 1940s, Goetz was out, and the studio returned to low-budget and series films. The inexpensive "Francis" (1950), the first film of a series about a talking mule and "Ma and Pa Kettle" (1949), part of a series, became mainstays of the company. Once again, the films of Abbott and Costello, including "Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein" (1948), were among the studio's top-grossing productions. But at this point Rank lost interest and sold his shares to the investor Milton Rackmil, whose Decca Records would take full control of Universal in 1952. Besides Abbott and Costello, the studio retained the Walter Lantz cartoon studio, whose product was released with Universal-International's films.

Question: In what year was Ma and Pa Kettle made?
Answer: 1949
Tucson, Arizona
The West Side has areas of both urban and suburban development. It is generally defined as the area west of I-10. Western Tucson encompasses the banks of the Santa Cruz River and the foothills of the Tucson Mountains. Area attractions include the International Wildlife Museum and Sentinel Peak. The Marriott Starr Pass Resort & Spa serves travelers and residents. As travelers pass the Tucson Mountains, they enter the area commonly referred to as "west of" Tucson or "Old West Tucson". In this large, undulating plain extending south into the Altar Valley, rural residential development predominates. Attractions include Saguaro National Park West, the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, and movie set/theme park developed at the Old Tucson Studios.

Question: What is the name of the movie set in Old West Tuscon?
Answer: Old Tucson Studios
Wayback Machine
Provided some additional requirements are met (e.g., providing an authoritative statement of the archivist), the United States patent office and the European Patent Office will accept date stamps from the Internet Archive as evidence of when a given Web page was accessible to the public. These dates are used to determine if a Web page is available as prior art for instance in examining a patent application.

Question: When are Internet Archive timestamps useful for patent offices?
Answer: in examining a patent application
Brian Cox (physicist)
Brian Edward Cox {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 3 March 1968) is an English physicist who serves as professor of particle physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester. He is best known to the public as the presenter of science programmes, especially the "Wonders of..." series and for popular science books, such as "Why Does E=mc²?" and "The Quantum Universe". He has been the author or co-author of over 950 scientific publications.
The Science of Doctor Who
The Science of Doctor Who is a televised lecture by physicist Brian Cox discussing the nature of space and time as related to the science fiction series "Doctor Who". Cox covers topics including the nature of black holes, time dilation, time as a dimension in which to travel and the possibilities of alien life. The lecture is held at the Royal Institution's lecture hall and interspersed with small segments of Cox on the TARDIS with the Eleventh Doctor, played by Matt Smith.

Question: What university does the physicist who gave a lecture in The Science of Doctor Who work for?
Answer: University of Manchester
Cocteau Twins
Cocteau Twins were a Scottish rock band active from 1979 to 1997. They were formed in Grangemouth by Robin Guthrie (guitars, drum machine) and Will Heggie (bass), adding Elizabeth Fraser (vocals) in 1981 and replacing Heggie with multi-instrumentalist Simon Raymonde in 1983. The group has earned critical praise for their distinctive ethereal sound and the soprano vocals of Fraser, whose lyrics often abandon recognisable language. They pioneered the 1980s alternative rock subgenre of dream pop.
Cocteau Twins
After signing with the British record label 4AD in 1982, the band released their debut album "Garlands" later that year. The addition of Raymonde in 1983 solidified their final lineup, which produced "The Spangle Maker" EP (containing their biggest hit in their native United Kingdom, "Pearly-Dewdrops' Drops", peaking at No. 29 on the UK Singles Chart) and their third studio album, "Treasure" in 1984.
Louis XIV (band)
Louis XIV is an American rock band from San Diego, California. The band has released four EPs between 2003 and 2007, and three albums between 2003 and 2008, the latter two of which were distributed by Atlantic Records. The band broke up in 2009, but in 2013, in an interview with The Reno Dispatch, Jason Hill confirmed that the band had decided to reunite.

Question: Were Louis XIV and Cocteau Twins both rock bands?
Answer: yes
General Electric
In 1889, Drexel, Morgan & Co., a company founded by J.P. Morgan and Anthony J. Drexel, financed Edison's research and helped merge those companies under one corporation to form Edison General Electric Company, which was incorporated in New York on April 24, 1889. The new company also acquired Sprague Electric Railway & Motor Company in the same year.
General Electric
In 1880, Gerald Waldo Hart formed the American Electric Company of New Britain, Connecticut, which merged a few years later with Thomson-Houston Electric Company, led by Charles Coffin. In 1887, Hart left to become superintendent of the Edison Electric Company of Kansas City, Missouri. General Electric was formed through the 1892 merger of Edison General Electric Company of Schenectady, New York, and Thomson-Houston Electric Company of Lynn, Massachusetts, with the support of Drexel, Morgan & Co. Both plants continue to operate under the GE banner to this day. The company was incorporated in New York, with the Schenectady plant used as headquarters for many years thereafter. Around the same time, General Electric's Canadian counterpart, Canadian General Electric, was formed.

Question: In which US state was GE incorporated?
Answer: New York
Jody Allen
Jo Lynn "Jody" Allen (born February 3, 1959) is an American businesswoman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. She is the sister of Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, and served as the chief executive officer of his investment and project management company, Vulcan Inc., from its founding in 1986 until 2015. She is also the co-founder and president of the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation. 
Vulcan Inc.
Vulcan Inc. is a privately held company founded by the former Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, and his sister Jody Allen in 1986 to establish and oversee the family's diverse business activities and philanthropic endeavors. It is currently controlled by the estate of Paul Allen. Vulcan Inc. is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.
Vulcan Inc.
Vulcan oversees a variety of business activities including the Seattle Seahawks, the Portland Trail Blazers, the Great Elephant Census, the Seattle Cinerama, and Stratolaunch Systems.

Question: Which company overseeing projects like the Great Elephant Census had Jody Allen as its chief executive officer until 2015?
Answer: Vulcan Inc.