qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Claus Helberg
Claus Helberg (31 January 1919 – 6 March 2003) was a Norwegian resistance fighter and mountain guide. He was a member of Company Linge, a resistance commando unit that was best known for carrying out Norwegian heavy water sabotage during World War II. After the war, he worked for the Norwegian Mountain Touring Association until his retirement in 1982. While volunteering with the Association after his retirement, he helped guide several members of the Scandinavian royalty. According to "The New York Times", "[he was] the favorite mountain guide of Scandinavian royalty..." These clients included Queen Sonja and Margrethe II of Denmark.
Norwegian heavy water sabotage
Norwegian heavy water sabotage ( ; ) was a series of Allied-led efforts to halt German heavy water production via hydroelectric plants in Nazi Germany-occupied Norway during World War II. It was successfully undertaken by Norwegian commandos and Allied bombing raids. During the war, the Allies sought to inhibit the German development of nuclear weapons with the removal of heavy water and the destruction of heavy-water production plants. The Norwegian heavy water sabotage was aimed at the 60 MW Vemork power station at the Rjukan waterfall in Telemark.
Norwegian heavy water sabotage
The hydroelectric power plant at Vemork was built in 1934. It was the world's first site to mass-produce heavy water (as a byproduct of nitrogen fixing), with a capacity of 12 tonnes per year. Before the German invasion of Norway on 9 April 1940, the French Deuxième Bureau removed 185 kg of heavy water from the Vemork plant in then-neutral Norway.

Question: Claus Helberg (31 January 1919 – 6 March 2003) was a Norwegian resistance fighter and mountain guide,  was a member of Company Linge, a resistance commando unit that was best known for carrying out, during World War II, which titled series of operations undertaken by Norwegian saboteurs during World War II to prevent the German nuclear weapon project from acquiring heavy water (deuterium oxide), which could have been used by the Germans to produce nuclear weapons?
Answer: Norwegian heavy water sabotage
Translation
Translation of sung texts is generally much more restrictive than translation of poetry, because in the former there is little or no freedom to choose between a versified translation and a translation that dispenses with verse structure. One might modify or omit rhyme in a singing translation, but the assignment of syllables to specific notes in the original musical setting places great challenges on the translator. There is the option in prose sung texts, less so in verse, of adding or deleting a syllable here and there by subdividing or combining notes, respectively, but even with prose the process is almost like strict verse translation because of the need to stick as closely as possible to the original prosody of the sung melodic line.

Question: How is translation of sung texts different than translations of poetry?
Answer: more restrictive
Dutch Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seven Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568, the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War. During the initial phase of the war, the revolt was largely unsuccessful. Spain regained control over most of the rebelling provinces. This period is known as the "Spanish Fury" due to the high number of horrific massacres, instances of mass looting, and total destruction of cities between 1572 and 1579.

Question: Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction?
Answer: Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
Uranium
The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who named the new element after the recently discovered planet Uranus. Eugène-Melchior Péligot was the first person to isolate the metal and its radioactive properties were discovered in 1896 by Henri Becquerel. Research by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner, Enrico Fermi and others, such as J. Robert Oppenheimer starting in 1934 led to its use as a fuel in the nuclear power industry and in "Little Boy", the first nuclear weapon used in war. An ensuing arms race during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union produced tens of thousands of nuclear weapons that used uranium metal and uranium-derived plutonium-239. The security of those weapons and their fissile material following the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 is an ongoing concern for public health and safety. In the meantime, development and deployment of nuclear reactors continue on a global base. There is increasing interest in these power plants as they are powerful sources of CO free energy. In 2018, nuclear power reactors produced 2560 TWh of CO free electricity worldwide.

Question: What was the first nuclear weapon used in a war called?
Answer: Little Boy
Home cinema
Home cinema, also called home theaters or theater rooms, are home entertainment audio-visual systems that seek to reproduce a movie theater experience and mood using consumer electronics-grade video and audio equipment that is set up in a room or backyard of a private home. In the 1980s, home cinemas typically consisted of a movie pre-recorded on a LaserDisc or VHS tape; a LaserDisc or VHS player; and a heavy, bulky large-screen cathode ray tube TV set, although sometimes CRT projectors were used instead. In the 2000s, technological innovations in sound systems, video player equipment and TV screens and video projectors have changed the equipment used in home cinema set-ups and enabled home users to experience a higher-resolution screen image, improved sound quality and components that offer users more options (e.g., many of the more expensive Blu-ray players in 2016 can also "stream" movies and TV shows over the Internet using subscription services such as Netflix). The development of Internet-based subscription services means that 2016-era home theatre users do not have to commute to a video rental store as was common in the 1980s and 1990s (nevertheless, some movie enthusiasts buy DVD or Blu-ray discs of their favourite content)
Astell&Kern
Astell&Kern (stylized as Astell& Kern) is a South Korean consumer electronics company founded in October 2013, and is wholly owned by Iriver. The company manufactures media players, CD players, headphones, and home cinema products.

Question: Astell&Kern, is a South Korean consumer electronics company founded in October 2013, and is wholly owned by Iriver, the company manufactures media players, CD players, headphones, and which type, that refers to home entertainment audio-visual systems that seek to reproduce a movie theater experience and mood using consumer electronics-grade video and audio equipment that is set up in a room or backyard of a private home?
Answer: home theater
Christian hip hop
Christian hip hop (originally gospel rap, also known as Christian rap, gospel hip hop or holy hip hop) is a subgenre of hip hop music characterized by a Christian worldview, with the general purposes of evangelization (Christian mission work), edifying some members of the church and/or simply entertaining. Christian hip hop music emerged from urban communities in the United States in the 1980s, when it existed almost exclusively in small underground scenes, with minimal formal industry promotion and little mainstream attention. It emphasizes the use of positive and uplifting messages to promote faith and belief.
Wake Up (Swoope album)
Wake Up is the debut studio album from Christian hip hop musician Swoope. The album released on March 20, 2012 by Collision Records.

Question: What Christian rap group released an album by Collision Records in March 2012?
Answer: Swoope
Kathleen Hall
Kathleen Hall (born 12 August 1951) is an expert in stress, mindful living and mindfulness. She is founder and C.E.O. of the Stress Institute and the Mindful Living Network. She started her career in finance working at the World Trade Center in New York. After working on Wall Street, she made a decision to leave power, wealth and corporate stress behind her. Martha Stewart dubbed her the "Stress Queen"—who specializes in stress management, mindful living, and work life balance. John J. Ratey M.D., Harvard, called her the "midwife" to a movement—Mindful Living.
Martha Stewart
Martha Helen Stewart (née Kostyra; ] ; born August 3, 1941) is an American retail businesswoman, writer, television personality, and former model. As founder of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, she gained success through a variety of business ventures, encompassing publishing, broadcasting, merchandising and e-commerce. She has written numerous bestselling books, is the publisher of "Martha Stewart Living" magazine and hosted two syndicated television programs: "Martha Stewart Living", which ran from 1993 to 2004, and "Martha", which ran from 2005 to 2012.

Question: Who is older, Martha Stewart or Kathleen Hall?
Answer: Martha Stewart
Computer
Noyce also came up with his own idea of an integrated circuit half a year later than Kilby. Noyce's invention was the first true monolithic IC chip. His chip solved many practical problems that Kilby's had not. Produced at Fairchild Semiconductor, it was made of silicon, whereas Kilby's chip was made of germanium. Noyce's monolithic IC was fabricated using the planar process, developed by his colleague Jean Hoerni in early 1959. In turn, the planar process was based on the silicon surface passivation and thermal oxidation processes developed by Mohamed Atalla at Bell Labs in the late 1950s.

Question: Noyce's IC was made up of what material?
Answer: silicon
Law of the United States
Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes. Many statutes give executive branch agencies the power to create regulations, which are published in the Federal Register and codified into the Code of Federal Regulations. Regulations generally also carry the force of law under the Administrative Procedure Act. The outcome of many legal proceedings turn on the meaning of a federal statute or regulation, and judicial interpretations of such meaning carry legal force under the principle of "judicial review".

Question: Where are regulations published?
Answer: in the Federal Register
Universal Pictures
Founded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour, it is the oldest surviving film studio in the United States; the world's fifth oldest after Gaumont, Pathé, Titanus, and Nordisk Film; and the oldest member of Hollywood's "Big Five" studios in terms of the overall film market. Its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City.

Question: In what city and state are its production studios located?
Answer: Universal City, California
The Smurfs
The Smurfs ( ; ) is a Belgian comic franchise centered on a fictional colony of small, blue, human-like creatures who live in mushroom-shaped houses in the forest. "The Smurfs" was first created and introduced as a series of comic characters by the Belgian comics artist Peyo (the pen name of Pierre Culliford) in 1958, wherein they were known as "Les Schtroumpfs". There are more than 100 Smurf characters, and their names are based on adjectives that emphasise their characteristics, such as "Jokey Smurf", who likes to play practical jokes on his fellow smurfs. "Smurfette" was the first female Smurf to be introduced in the series. The Smurfs wear Phrygian caps, which came to represent freedom during the modern era.
Papercutz (publisher)
Papercutz Graphic Novels is an American publisher of family-friendly comic books and graphic novels, mostly based on licensed properties such as Nancy Drew, the Hardy Boys, and Lego Ninjago. Papercutz has also published new volumes of the Golden Age-era comics series "Classics Illustrated" and "Tales from the Crypt". In recent years they have begun publishing English translations of European (mostly Franco-Belgian) all-ages comics, including "The Smurfs" and "Asterix".

Question: Papercutz has begun publishing English translations of what Belgian comic franchise?
Answer: The Smurfs
Nieuw-Vennep
Nieuw-Vennep is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies about 10 km southwest of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. It has about 31,300 inhabitants, half of which live in the newly built district of Getsewoud. The built-up area of the town was 3.71 km, and contained 7,513 residences. The wider statistical area of Nieuw-Vennep has a population of around 40,000. In 2001, Nieuw-Vennep had 17,886 inhabitants, which later doubled due to the development of Getsewoud.
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol ( ) , known informally as Schiphol Airport ( , ] ) , is the main international airport of the Netherlands. It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 miles) southwest of Amsterdam, in the municipality of Haarlemmermeer in the province of North Holland. With almost 72 million passengers in 2019, it is the third-busiest airport in Europe in terms of passenger volume and the busiest in Europe in terms of aircraft movements. With an annual cargo tonnage of 1.74 million, it is the 4th busiest in Europe. The airport is built as a single-terminal concept: one large terminal split into three large departure halls.

Question: The town of Nieuw-Vennep is southwest of what main international airport of Holland?
Answer: Amsterdam Airport Schiphol.
Orleans Canal
The Orleans Canal is a drainage canal in New Orleans, Louisiana. The canal, along with the 17th Street Canal and the London Avenue Canal, form the New Orleans Outfall Canals. The current version of the canal is about 2 km long, running along the up-river side of City Park, through the Lakeview and Lakeshore neighborhood, and into Lake Pontchartrain. It is part of the system used to pump rain water out of the streets of the city into the Lake. The Canal has also been known as the Orleans Avenue Canal, the Orleans Outfall Canal, the Orleans Tail Race, and early on, the Girod Canal.
Illinois and Michigan Canal
The Illinois and Michigan Canal connected the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico. In Illinois, it ran 96 mi from the Chicago River in Bridgeport, Chicago to the Illinois River at LaSalle-Peru. The canal crossed the Chicago Portage, and helped establish Chicago as the transportation hub of the United States, before the railroad era. It was opened in 1848. Its function was largely replaced by the wider and shorter Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal in 1900, and it ceased transportation operations with the completion of the Illinois Waterway in 1933.

Question: Is the Orleans Canal or Illinois and Michigan Canal longer?
Answer: Illinois and Michigan Canal
Salzkammergut
The Salzkammergut (] ; Central Bavarian: "Soizkaumaguad") is a resort area located in Austria, stretching from the city of Salzburg eastwards along the Alpine Foreland and the Northern Limestone Alps to the peaks of the Dachstein Mountains. The main river of the region is the Traun, a right tributary of the Danube.
Salzkammergut
The name "Salzkammergut" translates to "salt demesne", "Kammergut" being a German word for territories held by princes of the Holy Roman Empire, in early modern Austria specifically territories of the Habsburg Monarchy.
Schloss Ort
Schloss Ort (or "Schloss Orth") is an Austrian castle situated in the Traunsee lake, in Gmunden, 19 km from Vöcklabruck, the gate to Salzkammergut.

Question: What is the name of this resort area located in Austria, where Schloss Ort is the gate to it?
Answer: The Salzkammergut
Plymouth
Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic). The neighbouring town of Devonport became strategically important to the Royal Navy for its shipyards and dockyards. In 1914, three neighbouring independent towns, viz. the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged, becoming the County Borough of Plymouth. In 1928, it achieved city status. During World War II, due to the city's naval importance, the German military targeted and partially destroyed the city by bombing, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war, the city centre was completely rebuilt. Subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton, Plymstock, and other outlying suburbs, in 1967.

Question: What nearby settlement built ships for the Royal Navy?
Answer: Devonport
Sakhalin Husky
The Sakhalin Husky, also known as the , is a breed of dog formerly used as a sled dog, but now nearly extinct. As of 2015, there were only 7 of these huskies left on their native Sakhalin island.
Montenegrin Mountain Hound
The Montenegrin Mountain Hound is a rare dog breed from the mountain regions across the Balkans. Black and tan, with a smooth coat, the Montenegrin Mountain Hound was called "Black Hound" in the past. The breed is of the same origin as the other Balkan hounds. He stands 18 to high and weighs 44 to . The breed is used to hunt fox, hare, and small game, occasionally hunting larger animals such as deer or even wild boar.

Question: Which breed of dog, Montenegrin Mountain Hound or Sakhalin Husky, is used to hunt fox, hare, and small game?
Answer: Montenegrin Mountain Hound
Stallingborough
Stallingborough is a village and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,234.
HCF CATCH
HCF CATCH is an industry led, not-for-profit, training facility located in Stallingborough, between Grimsby & Immingham, North East Lincolnshire, which specialises in training for the process, energy, engineering and renewables sectors.

Question: HCF CATCH is an industry led, not-for-profit, training facility located in a village and civil parish that is where?
Answer: North East Lincolnshire, England
Materialism
Materialism is a form of philosophical monism that holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental states and consciousness, are results of material interactions. According to philosophical materialism, mind and consciousness are by-products or epiphenomena of material processes (such as the biochemistry of the human brain and nervous system), without which they cannot exist. This concept directly contrasts with idealism, where mind and consciousness are first-order realities to which matter is subject and material interactions are secondary.

Question: What is materialism?
Answer: a form of philosophical monism
Capacitor
For air dielectric capacitors the breakdown field strength is of the order 2–5 MV/m (or kV/mm); for mica the breakdown is 100–300 MV/m; for oil, 15–25 MV/m; it can be much less when other materials are used for the dielectric. The dielectric is used in very thin layers and so absolute breakdown voltage of capacitors is limited. Typical ratings for capacitors used for general electronics applications range from a few volts to 1 kV. As the voltage increases, the dielectric must be thicker, making high-voltage capacitors larger per capacitance than those rated for lower voltages.

Question: What is the difference in the physical attributes of the dielectric used in high voltage capacitors compared to low voltage capacitors?
Answer: the dielectric must be thicker
Elizabeth II
During her grandfather's reign, Elizabeth was third in the line of succession to the British throne, behind her uncle Edward and her father. Although her birth generated public interest, she was not expected to become queen, as Edward was still young and likely to marry and have children of his own, who would precede Elizabeth in the line of succession. When her grandfather died in 1936 and her uncle succeeded as Edward VIII, she became second in line to the throne, after her father. Later that year, Edward abdicated, after his proposed marriage to divorced socialite Wallis Simpson provoked a constitutional crisis. Consequently, Elizabeth's father became king, and she became heir presumptive. If her parents had had a later son, he would have been heir apparent and above her in the line of succession, which was determined by male-preference primogeniture.

Question: What event caused Edward to abdicate the throne?
Answer: proposed marriage
Ocean Park Hong Kong
Ocean Park Hong Kong, commonly known as Ocean Park, is a marine mammal park, oceanarium, animal theme park and amusement park situated in Wong Chuk Hang and Nam Long Shan in the Southern District of Hong Kong. It is the second largest theme park in Hong Kong, after Hong Kong Disneyland. And also, the largest theme park in Hong Kong by area. It is also the second oldest theme park in Hong Kong, after the now-defunct Lai Chi Kok Amusement Park which closed in 31 March 1997, four months before the 1997 handover.
Ocean Park Hong Kong
Opened in 1977, Ocean Park became popular, but 22 years later, it was unprofitable and widely expected to close due to the new Hong Kong Disneyland. However, the Park responded with a HK$5.5 billion development plan that saw it expand to over 80 attractions and rides, and steadily grow visitor numbers to 7.6 million in 2014, making it the world's 13th most visited theme park, and one of the largest theme parks in Asia. Half of all visitors now come from mainland China, in growth that parallels rising mainland tourist visitor levels to Hong Kong over the same period.
Ocean Park Halloween Bash
Ocean Park Halloween Bash (海洋公園哈囉喂) is an annual Halloween event held by Ocean Park Hong Kong. It contains haunted attractions and shows, the park area is decorated with Halloween decorations and full of Halloween characters that are dressed up by the officials. The Halloween Bash in Ocean Park started in 2001 and it held during late September to 1 November each year. It has changed to All-Day-and-Night Halloween Celebration in 2013.

Question: What year did Ocean Park Hong Kong,a marine mammal park, oceanarium, animal theme park and amusement park situated in Wong Chuk Hang and Nam Long Shan in the Southern District of Hong Kong, change its Ocean Park Halloween Bash to  All-Day-and-Night Halloween Celebration?
Answer: 2013
Pain
In "", biologist Richard Dawkins addresses the question of why pain should have the quality of being painful. He describes the alternative as a mental raising of a "red flag". To argue why that red flag might be insufficient, Dawkins argues that drives must compete with one other within living beings. The most "fit" creature would be the one whose pains are well balanced. Those pains which mean certain death when ignored will become the most powerfully felt. The relative intensities of pain, then, may resemble the relative importance of that risk to our ancestors. This resemblance will not be perfect, however, because natural selection can be a poor designer. This may have maladaptive results such as supernormal stimuli.

Question: What would be the most fit creature?
Answer: one whose pains are well balanced
César Awards
The César Awards is the national film award of France. It is delivered in the " " ceremony and was first awarded in 1976. The nominations are selected by the members of twelve categories of filmmaking professionals and supported by the French Ministry of Culture. The nationally televised award ceremony is held in Paris each year in February. The exact location has changed over the years (in the Théâtre du Châtelet from 2002 to 2016). It is an initiative from the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma which was founded in 1975.
La Journée de la jupe
La Journée de la jupe (Skirt Day) is a 2008 French film directed by Jean-Paul Lilienfeld and starring Isabelle Adjani as a high school teacher, a role which earned the actress the 2010 César award for Best Actress in a Leading Role.

Question: What national French film award was given to actress Isabelle Adjani in 2010?
Answer: César Award
Southern Baptist Theological Seminary
The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary (SBTS) is a Southern Baptist seminary in Louisville, Kentucky. It is the oldest of the six seminaries affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC). The seminary was founded in 1859 at Greenville, South Carolina, where it was at first lodged on the campus of Furman University. After being closed during the Civil War, it moved in 1877 to a newly built campus in downtown Louisville and later moved to its current location in the Crescent Hill neighborhood. For more than fifty years Southern has been one of the world's largest theological seminaries, with an FTE (full-time equivalent) enrollment of over 3,300 students in 2015.
Paul R. House
Paul R. House (born 1958) is an American Old Testament scholar, author, and seminary professor who served as 2012 president of the Evangelical Theological Society. He earned his B.A. from Southwest Baptist University, his M.A. from the University of Missouri, and his M.Div. and Ph.D. from the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary.

Question: What Bible college located in Louisville, Kentucky, was attended by Paul R. House who served for a time as president of the Evangelical Theological Society?
Answer: Southern Baptist Theological Seminary
Plymouth
Devonport Dockyard is the UK's only naval base that refits nuclear submarines and the Navy estimates that the Dockyard generates about 10% of Plymouth's income. Plymouth has the largest cluster of marine and maritime businesses in the south west with 270 firms operating within the sector. Other substantial employers include the university with almost 3,000 staff, the national retail chain The Range at their Estover headquarters, as well as the Plymouth Science Park employing 500 people in 50 companies.

Question: About what percentage of Plymouth's income comes from the Dockyard?
Answer: 10%
Near East
Charles George Gordon is known as the saint of all British colonial officers. A dedicated Christian, he spent his time between assignments living among the poor and donating his salary on their behalf. He won Ottoman confidence as a junior officer in the Crimean War. In his later career he became a high official in the Ottoman Empire, working as Governor of Egypt for the Ottoman khedive for the purpose of conducting campaigns against slavers and slavery in Egypt and the Sudan.

Question: When did he win Ottoman confidence?
Answer: as a junior officer in the Crimean War
Nintendo Entertainment System
The original model Famicom features two game controllers, both of which are hardwired to the back of the console. The second controller lacks the START and SELECT buttons, but features a small microphone. Relatively few games use this feature. The earliest produced Famicom units have square A and B buttons. This was changed to the circular designs because of the square buttons being caught in the controller casing when pressed down and glitches within the hardware causing the system to freeze occasionally while playing a game.

Question: The second Famicom controller lacked START and what other button?
Answer: SELECT
Country Living
Country Living is an American lifestyle and home magazine published by the Hearst Corporation since 1978. The monthly magazine focuses on food, home renovation, home decor, DIY and lifestyle. The magazine hosts four Country Living Fairs a year in Rhinebeck, NY, Nashville, TN, Columbus, OH and Atlanta, GA. 
American Way (magazine)
American Way is a free, inflight magazine available across the entire American Airlines fleet and Admirals Clubs premium lounges. The magazine was first published in 1966. It is published on a monthly basis and reaches over 16 million passengers every month.

Question: Which magazine has ben in publication longer, Country Living, or American Way?
Answer: American Way
Green
Verdigris is made by placing a plate or blade of copper, brass or bronze, slightly warmed, into a vat of fermenting wine, leaving it there for several weeks, and then scraping off and drying the green powder that forms on the metal. The process of making verdigris was described in ancient times by Pliny. It was used by the Romans in the murals of Pompeii, and in Celtic medieval manuscripts as early as the 5th century AD. It produced a blue-green which no other pigment could imitate, but it had drawbacks: it was unstable, it could not resist dampness, it did not mix well with other colors, it could ruin other colors with which it came into contact, and it was toxic. Leonardo da Vinci, in his treatise on painting, warned artists not to use it. It was widely used in miniature paintings in Europe and Persia in the 16th and 17th centuries. Its use largely ended in the late 19th century, when it was replaced by the safer and more stable chrome green. Viridian, as described above, was patented in 1859. It became popular with painters, since, unlike other synthetic greens, it was stable and not toxic. Vincent van Gogh used it, along with Prussian blue, to create a dark blue sky with a greenish tint in his painting "Café Terrace at Night".

Question: In what city did the Romans use verdigris in murals?
Answer: Pompeii
Paris
Louis-Philippe was overthrown by a popular uprising in the streets of Paris in 1848. His successor, Napoleon III, and the newly appointed prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugène Haussmann, launched a gigantic public works project to build wide new boulevards, a new opera house, a central market, new aqueducts, sewers, and parks, including the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes. In 1860, Napoleon III also annexed the surrounding towns and created eight new arrondissements, expanding Paris to its current limits.

Question: In what year was Louis-Phillipe over thrown?
Answer: 1848
Weigela
Weigela is a genus of between six and 38 species of deciduous shrubs in the family Caprifoliaceae, growing to 1–5 m (3-15') tall. All are natives of eastern Asia. The genus is named after the German scientist Christian Ehrenfried Weigel.
Agrostis
Agrostis (bent or bentgrass) is a large and very nearly cosmopolitan genus of plants in the grass family, found in nearly all the countries in the world. It has been bred as a GMO creeping bent grass.

Question: Which one has been bred as a GMO creeping bent grass,  Weigela or Agrostis?
Answer: Agrostis
10 Downing Street
10 Downing Street, also known colloquially in the United Kingdom as Number 10, is (along with the adjoining Cabinet Office at 70 Whitehall) the headquarters of the Government of the United Kingdom and the official residence and office of the First Lord of the Treasury, a post which, for much of the 18th and 19th centuries and invariably since 1905, has been held by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The term "10 Downing Street", or just "Downing Street", is also used to mean "the Prime Minister's office".
2012 Olympic hunger summit
The 2012 Olympic hunger summit was an international gathering on 12 August, the closing day of the 2012 Summer Olympics, held at 10 Downing Street London. The event was organised largely by the Department for International Development. It was co-hosted by Britain's prime minister, David Cameron, and by Brazil's vice president Michel Temer. The summit was attended by several high-profile athletes and by delegates from various national governments, the United Nations, NGOs and from the private sector.

Question:  The 2012 Olympic hunger summit was held at the official residence and office of who?
Answer: First Lord of the Treasury
Iran
Iranian scientists outside Iran have also made some major contributions to science. In 1960, Ali Javan co-invented the first gas laser, and fuzzy set theory was introduced by Lotfi A. Zadeh. Iranian cardiologist Tofigh Mussivand invented and developed the first artificial cardiac pump, the precursor of the artificial heart. Furthering research and treatment of diabetes, the HbA1c was discovered by Samuel Rahbar. Iranian physics is especially strong in string theory, with many papers being published in Iran. Iranian American string theorist Kamran Vafa proposed the Vafa–Witten theorem together with Edward Witten. In August 2014, Iranian mathematician Maryam Mirzakhani became the first woman, as well as the first Iranian, to receive the Fields Medal, the highest prize in mathematics.

Question: In 2014, Maryam Mirzakhani became the first women ever and first Iranian to win what prestigious mathematics award? 
Answer: the Fields Medal
Sanjay Gupta
Sanjay Gupta ( ; born October 23, 1969) is an American neurosurgeon, medical reporter, and writer. He serves as associate chief of the neurosurgery service at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, and as associate professor of neurosurgery at the Emory University School of Medicine and Chief Medical Correspondent for CNN.
The Next List
The Next List is a 30-minute weekend television program on CNN. It aired every Saturday afternoon at 2:30 pm ET/PT and was hosted by Dr. Sanjay Gupta.

Question: A former host of The Next List is an assistant professor of neurosurgery at what school of medicine?
Answer: Emory University School of Medicine
Textual criticism
Before inexpensive mechanical printing, literature was copied by hand, and many variations were introduced by copyists. The age of printing made the scribal profession effectively redundant. Printed editions, while less susceptible to the proliferation of variations likely to arise during manual transmission, are nonetheless not immune to introducing variations from an author's autograph. Instead of a scribe miscopying his source, a compositor or a printing shop may read or typeset a work in a way that differs from the autograph. Since each scribe or printer commits different errors, reconstruction of the lost original is often aided by a selection of readings taken from many sources. An edited text that draws from multiple sources is said to be "eclectic". In contrast to this approach, some textual critics prefer to identify the single best surviving text, and not to combine readings from multiple sources.

Question: Are printed editions immune to variation?
Answer: not immune to introducing variations from an author's autograph
Hosni Mubarak
Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (4 May 1928 – 25 February 2020) was an Egyptian military and political leader who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011.
Alexandria Center of Arts
The Alexandria Center of Arts ( , "Alexandria Center for Creativity") is an arts center, community exhibitions space and cultural center in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, overseen by the Egyptian Ministry of Culture. The center was officially opened on 29 October 2001, by Farouk Hosni, Minister of Culture, and then-President Hosni Mubarak's wife, Suzanne Mubarak.

Question: Who opened the Alexandria Center of Arts, who was born in 1928?
Answer: Hosni Mubarak
Take Me (Korn song)
"Take Me" is a single by American rock band Korn, off of their studio album "The Serenity of Suffering". It peaked at number 2 on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock Songs chart in April 2017.
The Serenity of Suffering
The Serenity of Suffering is the twelfth studio album by American nu metal band Korn. It was released on October 21, 2016. According to guitarist Brian Welch, it is "heavier than anyone's heard us in a long time" and it contains their most intense vocals and music in recent times.
The Serenity of Suffering
The band began working on their follow up to "The Paradigm Shift" in 2015, with Head claiming that it would be "heavier than anyone's heard [us] in a long time". It's the first album to feature significant songwriting contributions from Head since he rejoined the band in 2013. The song "Take Me" was originally written by Jonathan Davis for his debut solo album, but after hearing it, the rest of Korn re-wrote the track and decided to include it on "The Serenity of Suffering".

Question: What number Korn studio album is "Take Me" on?
Answer: twelfth
ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex
The ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex is a 220 acre athletic multi-purpose sports complex located in the Walt Disney World Resort, in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. The complex includes nine venues and hosts numerous professional and amateur sporting events throughout the year.
2010 Walt Disney World Pro Soccer Classic
The 2010 Walt Disney World Pro Soccer Classic was a preseason soccer tournament held at Walt Disney World's ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex. The tournament, the inaugural edition of the Pro Soccer Classic, was held from February 25 to 27 and featured four Major League Soccer clubs.

Question: How many clubs were featured in  a preseason soccer tournament held at Walt Disney World's 220 acre athletic complex located in the Walt Disney World Resort?
Answer: four Major League Soccer clubs
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
On July 1, 1985, Gorbachev promoted Eduard Shevardnadze, First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party, to full member of the Politburo, and the following day appointed him minister of foreign affairs, replacing longtime Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko. The latter, disparaged as "Mr Nyet" in the West, had served for 28 years as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Gromyko was relegated to the largely ceremonial position of Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (officially Soviet Head of State), as he was considered an "old thinker". Also on July 1, Gorbachev sidelined his main rival by removing Grigory Romanov from the Politburo and he brought Boris Yeltsin and Lev Zaikov into the CPSU Central Committee Secretariat.

Question: Who was responsible for Shevardnadze's membership?
Answer: Gorbachev
We Are Scientists
We Are Scientists is a New York City-based rock band that formed in Berkeley, California, in 2000. It consists primarily of guitarist and vocalist Keith Murray and bass guitarist Chris Cain, with drummer Keith Carne joining the band in the studio and for live performances since 2013.
Needtobreathe
Needtobreathe (stylized as NEEDTOBREATHE) is an American Christian rock band from Seneca, South Carolina, United States. The band is composed of Bear Rinehart (lead vocals, guitar, piano), Seth Bolt (backing vocals, bass) and Josh Lovelace (backing vocals, keys). To date they have released six studio albums: "Daylight" (2006), "The Heat" (2007), "The Outsiders" (2009), "The Reckoning" (2011), "Rivers in the Wasteland" (2014), and "Hard Love" (2016).

Question: Was We Are Scientists or Needtobreathe formed further west?
Answer: Needtobreathe
Alex Stalock
Alexander "Alex" Stalock (born July 28, 1987) is an American professional ice hockey goaltender currently playing for the Minnesota Wild in the National Hockey League (NHL). Stalock was originally drafted 112th overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft by the San Jose Sharks.
Adam Wilcox (ice hockey)
Adam Wilcox (born November 26, 1992) is an American professional ice hockey goaltender. He is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played under contract with the San Antonio Rampage of the American Hockey League (AHL). He was selected by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 6th round (178th overall) of the 2011 NHL Entry Draft. Wilcox is cousins with Minnesota Wild goaltender, Alex Stalock. Both Wilcox and Stalock played goaltender for the same high school, South St. Paul.

Question: Adam Wilcox is a cousin to the player who was drafted what overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft?
Answer: 112th
Paris
Parisian examples of European architecture date back more than a millennium, including the Romanesque church of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés (1014–1163), the early Gothic Architecture of the Basilica of Saint-Denis (1144), the Notre Dame Cathedral (1163–1345), the Flamboyant Gothic of Saint Chapelle (1239–1248), the Baroque churches of Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis (1627–1641) and Les Invalides (1670–1708). The 19th century produced the neoclassical church of La Madeleine (1808–1842), the Palais Garnier serving as an opera house (1875), the neo-Byzantine Basilica of Sacré-Cœur (1875–1919), as well as the exuberant "Belle Époque" modernism of the Eiffel Tower (1889). Striking examples of 20th-century architecture include the Centre Georges Pompidou by Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano (1977), the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie by various architects (1986), the Arab World Institute by Jean Nouvel (1987), the Louvre Pyramid by I. M. Pei (1989) and the Opéra Bastille by Carlos Ott (1989). Contemporary architecture includes the Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac by Jean Nouvel (2006), the contemporary art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014) and the new Tribunal de grande instance de Paris by Renzo Piano (2018).

Question: Who built the art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation?
Answer: Frank Gehry
Dutch language
Dutch belongs to its own West Germanic sub-group, the Low Franconian languages, paired with its sister language Limburgish or East Low Franconian. Its closest relative is the mutually intelligible daughter language, Afrikaans. Other West Germanic languages related to Dutch are German, English and the Frisian languages and the un-standardised languages Low German and Yiddish.

Question: What language has the most in common with the East Low Franconian dialect of Dutch?
Answer: Afrikaans
2017–18 Phoenix Suns season
The 2017–18 Phoenix Suns season was the 50th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as their 25th season at the Talking Stick Resort Arena. It was also their third season in five in which the Suns earned a top-five draft pick in the NBA Draft, which became the second straight year of gaining the #4 pick in Josh Jackson.
Josh Jackson (basketball)
Joshua O'Neal Jackson (born February 10, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for the Memphis Grizzlies of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for one season with the Kansas Jayhawks before declaring for the 2017 NBA draft, where he was selected fourth overall by the Phoenix Suns.

Question: The 2017-2018 Phoenix Suns selected the player who played for what college team with the #4 selection in the Draft?
Answer: Kansas Jayhawks
Beatty, Nevada
Beatty (pronounced ) is an unincorporated town along the Amargosa River in Nye County in the U.S. state of Nevada. U.S. Route 95 runs through the town, which lies between Tonopah, about 90 mi to the north and Las Vegas, about 120 mi to the southeast. State Route 374 connects Beatty to Death Valley National Park, about 8 mi to the west.
Beatty Airport
Beatty Airport ( ) is a county-owned public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Beatty, a town in Nye County, Nevada, United States.

Question: Beatty Airport is a county-owned public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of which unincorporated town along the Amargosa River in Nye County in the U.S. state of Nevada?
Answer: Beatty
Gothic architecture
From the 10th to the 13th century, Romanesque architecture had become a pan-European style and manner of construction, affecting buildings in countries as far apart as Ireland, Croatia, Sweden and Sicily. The same wide geographic area was then affected by the development of Gothic architecture, but the acceptance of the Gothic style and methods of construction differed from place to place, as did the expressions of Gothic taste. The proximity of some regions meant that modern country borders do not define divisions of style. On the other hand, some regions such as England and Spain produced defining characteristics rarely seen elsewhere, except where they have been carried by itinerant craftsmen, or the transfer of bishops. Regional differences that are apparent in the churches of the Romanesque period often become even more apparent in the Gothic.

Question: During what time period did Romanesque architecture become a pan-European style of construction?
Answer: 10th to the 13th century
Heath Ledger
Heath Andrew Ledger (4 April 1979 – 22 January 2008) was an Australian actor, photographer and music video director. After performing roles in several Australian television and film productions during the 1990s, Ledger left for the United States in 1998 to further develop his film career. His work consisted of nineteen films, including "10 Things I Hate About You" (1999), "The Patriot" (2000), "A Knight's Tale" (2001), "Monster's Ball" (2001), "Lords of Dogtown" (2005), "Brokeback Mountain" (2005), "Candy" (2006), "The Dark Knight" (2008), and "The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus" (2009), the latter two being posthumous releases. He also produced and directed music videos and aspired to be a film director.
Heath Ledger
For his portrayal of Ennis Del Mar in "Brokeback Mountain", Ledger won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor and the Best International Actor Award from the Australian Film Institute; he was the first actor to win the latter award posthumously. He was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and the Academy Award for Best Actor. Posthumously, he shared the 2007 Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award with the rest of the ensemble cast, the director, and the casting director for the film "I'm Not There", which was inspired by the life and songs of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In the film, Ledger portrayed a fictional actor named Robbie Clark, one of six characters embodying aspects of Dylan's life and persona.
The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus
The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus is a 2009 fantasy film directed by Terry Gilliam and written by Gilliam and Charles McKeown. The film follows a travelling theatre troupe whose leader, having made a bet with the Devil, takes audience members through a magical mirror to explore their imaginations and present them with a choice between self-fulfilling enlightenment or gratifying ignorance.

Question:  Heathcliff Andrew Ledger was an Australian actor whose work included a fantasy film directed by who?
Answer: Terry Gilliam
Lewis Hamilton
Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton (born 7 January 1985) is a British racing driver who races in Formula One for the Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team. A six-time Formula One World Champion, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest drivers in the history of the sport, and considered by some to be the greatest of all time. He won his first World Drivers' Championship with McLaren in , before moving to Mercedes in 2013, with whom he has won a further five titles. One of the most successful drivers in the history of the sport, Hamilton's six World Championship titles is the second-most of all time, as is his tally of race victories and podium finishes. He currently holds the records for the all-time most career points ( ), the all-time most pole positions ( ), the most grand slams in a season (3) and the most points in a season (413). 
Lewis Hamilton
Born and raised in Stevenage, Hertfordshire, Hamilton enjoyed a successful ascent up the racing ladder and was signed to the McLaren young driver programme in 1998. This later resulted in a Formula One drive with McLaren in , making Hamilton the first and only black driver to race in the sport. That season, Hamilton set numerous records as he finished runner-up to Kimi Räikkönen by one point. The following season, he won his maiden title in dramatic fashion—making a crucial overtake on the last corner of the last lap in the last race of the season—to become the then-youngest Formula One World Champion in history. After four more years with McLaren without finishing higher than fourth in the drivers' standings, Hamilton signed with Mercedes in , reuniting with his childhood karting teammate, Nico Rosberg.
Formula Kart Stars
Formula Kart Stars was a British based karting championship, which was supported by Bernie Ecclestone’s Formula One Management Ltd, 2008 Formula One World Champion Lewis Hamilton and Lewis’ father Anthony Hamilton.

Question: What supporter of the Formula Kart Stars was also the only driver to have won at least one Grand Prix in every season he has competed in?
Answer: Lewis Hamilton