qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
On the Origin of Species
In Darwin's time there was no agreed-upon model of heredity; in Chapter I Darwin admitted, "The laws governing inheritance are quite unknown." He accepted a version of the inheritance of acquired characteristics (which after Darwin's death came to be called Lamarckism), and Chapter V discusses what he called the effects of use and disuse; he wrote that he thought "there can be little doubt that use in our domestic animals strengthens and enlarges certain parts, and disuse diminishes them; and that such modifications are inherited", and that this also applied in nature. Darwin stated that some changes that were commonly attributed to use and disuse, such as the loss of functional wings in some island-dwelling insects, might be produced by natural selection. In later editions of "Origin", Darwin expanded the role attributed to the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Darwin also admitted ignorance of the source of inheritable variations, but speculated they might be produced by environmental factors. However, one thing was clear: whatever the exact nature and causes of new variations, Darwin knew from observation and experiment that breeders were able to select such variations and produce huge differences in many generations of selection. The "observation" that selection works in domestic animals is not destroyed by lack of "understanding" of the underlying hereditary mechanism.

Question: What did Darwin admit about acquired characteristics in chapter one of On the Origin of Species?
Answer: "The laws governing inheritance are quite unknown."
Steve Reeves
Stephen Lester Reeves (January 21, 1926 – May 1, 2000) was an American professional bodybuilder, actor, and philanthropist. He was famous in the mid-1950s as a movie star in Italian-made sword and sandal films, playing the protagonist as muscular characters such as Hercules, Goliath, and Sandokan. At the peak of his career, he was the highest-paid actor in Europe. Though best known for his portrayal of Hercules, he played the character only twice: in Hercules (1958), and in its 1959 sequel Hercules Unchained. By 1960, Reeves was ranked as the number-one box-office draw in 25 countries around the world.
Duel of the Titans
Duel of the Titans ( ) is a 1961 Italian film directed by Sergio Corbucci and starring Steve Reeves, Gordon Scott, and Virna Lisi. The film is about twin brothers revolt against tyranny in pre-Roman Italy and then come to a parting of the ways as they lead their people toward the founding of a new city, known as Rome. This is based on the legend of Romulus and Remus.

Question: What was the middle name of the actor who starred in "Romolo e Remo" opposite Gordon Scott and Virna Lisi?
Answer: Lester
Salford Quays
Salford Quays is an area of Salford, Greater Manchester, England, near the end of the Manchester Ship Canal. Previously the site of Manchester Docks, it became one of the first and largest urban regeneration projects in the United Kingdom following the closure of the dockyards in 1982.
BBC Radio Manchester
BBC Radio Manchester is the BBC Local Radio station for Greater Manchester, north-east Cheshire and north-west Derbyshire in North West England, from MediaCityUK in Salford Quays on FM via a transmitter at Holme Moss, with a small repeater at Saddleworth that covers Tameside and Saddleworth. It can be heard on DAB radio and via internet streaming.

Question: Which canal is found near this area where BBC Radio Manchester is based?
Answer: Manchester Ship Canal
Estonian language
The verbal system lacks a distinctive future tense (the present tense serves here) and features special forms to express an action performed by an undetermined subject (the "impersonal").

Question: What does Estonian use to show actions performed by an undecided subject?
Answer: special forms
Gothic architecture
In England, partly in response to a philosophy propounded by the Oxford Movement and others associated with the emerging revival of 'high church' or Anglo-Catholic ideas during the second quarter of the 19th century, neo-Gothic began to become promoted by influential establishment figures as the preferred style for ecclesiastical, civic and institutional architecture. The appeal of this Gothic revival (which after 1837, in Britain, is sometimes termed Victorian Gothic), gradually widened to encompass "low church" as well as "high church" clients. This period of more universal appeal, spanning 1855–1885, is known in Britain as High Victorian Gothic.

Question: When was neo-Gothic popularized by influential figures?
Answer: during the second quarter of the 19th century
Montevideo
The first telephone lines were installed in 1882 and electric street lights took the place of the gas operated ones in 1886. The Hipódromo de Maroñas started operating in 1888, and the neighbourhoods of Reus del Sur, Reus del Norte and Conciliación were inaugurated in 1889. The new building of the School of Arts and Trades, as well as Zabala Square in Ciudad Vieja were inaugurated in 1890, followed by the Italian Hospital in 1891. In the same year, the village of Peñarol was founded. Other neighbourhoods that were founded were Belgrano and Belvedere in 1892, Jacinto Vera in 1895 and Trouville in 1897. In 1894 the new port was constructed, and in 1897, the Central Railway Station of Montevideo was inaugurated.

Question: When were the first telephone lines installed?
Answer: 1882
Dustin Hoffman
Dustin Lee Hoffman (born August 8, 1937) is an American actor and filmmaker. He is known for his versatile portrayals of antiheroes and emotionally vulnerable characters. Actor Robert De Niro described him as "an actor with the everyman's face who embodied the heartbreakingly human". At a young age Hoffman knew he wanted to study in the arts and entered into the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music and later he would decide to go into acting where he trained at the Pasadena Playhouse in Los Angeles. His first theatrical performance was 1961's "A Cook for Mr. General" as Ridzinski. During that time he appeared in several guest roles on television in shows like "Naked City" and "The Defenders". He then starred in the 1966 Off-Broadway play "Eh?" where his performance garnered him both a Theatre World Award and Drama Desk Award. 
Dustin Hoffman
His breakthrough role was as Benjamin Braddock in the Mike Nichols' critically acclaimed and iconic film "The Graduate" (1967) where he received his first Academy Award nomination. His next role was "Ratzo" Rizzo in John Schlesinger's "Midnight Cowboy" (1969), where he acted alongside Jon Voight where they both received Oscar nominations, and the film went on to win the Academy Award for Best Picture. He gained success in the 1970's playing roles that shaped the craft of his acting abilities, crossing genres effortlessly in the western "Little Big Man" (1971), the prison drama "Papillon" (1973), playing controversial and groundbreaking comedian in Bob Fosse's "Lenny" (1975), "Marathon Man" alongside Laurence Olivier (1976), and as Carl Bernstein investigating the Watergate scandal in "All the President's Men" (1976). In 1979, Hoffman starred in the family drama "Kramer vs. Kramer" alongside Meryl Streep. They both received Academy Awards for their performances. 
Runaway Jury
Runaway Jury is a 2003 American legal thriller film directed by Gary Fleder and starring John Cusack, Gene Hackman, Dustin Hoffman, and Rachel Weisz. It is an adaptation of John Grisham's 1996 novel "The Runaway Jury".

Question: Runaway Jury is a 2003 American legal thriller film starring an actor who won the  Academy Award for Best Actor in 1980 for what movie?
Answer: Kramer vs. Kramer
Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages was a period of tremendous expansion of population. The estimated population of Europe grew from 35 to 80 million between 1000 and 1347, although the exact causes remain unclear: improved agricultural techniques, the decline of slaveholding, a more clement climate and the lack of invasion have all been suggested. As much as 90 per cent of the European population remained rural peasants. Many were no longer settled in isolated farms but had gathered into small communities, usually known as manors or villages. These peasants were often subject to noble overlords and owed them rents and other services, in a system known as manorialism. There remained a few free peasants throughout this period and beyond, with more of them in the regions of Southern Europe than in the north. The practice of assarting, or bringing new lands into production by offering incentives to the peasants who settled them, also contributed to the expansion of population.

Question: What was the approximate population of Europe in 1347?
Answer: 80 million
Josip Broz Tito
Tito's grandchildren include Saša Broz, a theatre director in Croatia; Svetlana Broz, a cardiologist and writer in Bosnia-Herzegovina; and Josip Broz – Joška, Edvard Broz and Natali Klasevski, an artisan of Bosnia-Herzegovina.

Question: Where does Edvard Broz live?
Answer: Bosnia-Herzegovina
2008 Sichuan earthquake
An earthquake emergency relief team of 184 people (consisting of 12 people from the State Seismological Bureau, 150 from the Beijing Military Area Command, and 22 from the Armed Police General Hospital) left Beijing from Nanyuan Airport late May 12 in two military transport planes to travel to Wenchuan County.

Question: Where did 22 of the relief team come from?
Answer: Armed Police General Hospital
Eragon (film)
Eragon is a 2006 action-fantasy film directed by Stefen Fangmeier (in his directorial debut) and written by Peter Buchman, based on Christopher Paolini’s 2002 novel of the same name. The film stars Ed Speleers in the title role as well as Jeremy Irons, Sienna Guillory, Robert Carlyle, Djimon Hounsou, Garrett Hedlund, Joss Stone and John Malkovich, with Rachel Weisz as the voice of Saphira the dragon.
Keep Holding On
"Keep Holding On" is a power ballad recorded by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne and is the theme song for the 2006 film "Eragon". It also appears as the last track on Lavigne's third studio album, "The Best Damn Thing", which was released on April 17, 2007. Lavigne has described the rest of the album as being upbeat and heavy in comparison to "Keep Holding On". Originally, an alternate version was to be included, but the original version made it instead.

Question: Who directed the 2006 film for which "Keep Holding On" is the theme song?
Answer: Stefen Fangmeier
Brian Littrell
Brian Thomas Littrell (born February 20, 1975) is an American singer, songwriter and actor, best known as a member of the Backstreet Boys. He is also a Contemporary Christian music artist, and released the solo album, "Welcome Home", in 2006. He is also the father of teen country singer Baylee Littrell.
Backstreet Boys discography
The discography of American pop vocal group Backstreet Boys consists of nine studio albums, 29 singles, one live album, three compilation albums and 33 music videos. Formed in Orlando, Florida in 1993, the group consists of Nick Carter, Brian Littrell, Kevin Richardson, A.J. McLean and Howie Dorough. Richardson left the group in 2006 to pursue other interests, but rejoined in 2012. The Backstreet Boys released their debut single "We've Got It Goin' On" in 1995, which peaked at number sixty-nine on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The single, however, entered the top ten in many European countries. Their debut album, "Backstreet Boys", was released internationally in 1996, and was certified three times platinum in Europe, and diamond in Canada. In 1997, they released their second international album, "Backstreet's Back", which continued their international success. At the same time, they released their second self-titled album in the United States. It peaked at number four and eventually became the tenth best-selling album of the 1990s.

Question: When was the American singer who is part of  Backstreet Boys discography born 
Answer: February 20, 1975
AaB Fodbold
AaB, (full name: "Aalborg Boldspilklub", ] ) internationally referred to as Aalborg BK is a professional football team located in Aalborg. The club is represented in the Danish Superliga and has won four Danish football Championships and three Danish Cup trophies. Most recently the team won the double in 2014.
Peter Rasmussen (footballer, born 1967)
Peter Rasmussen (born 16 May 1967) is a Danish former association football player. He won the 1995 Danish Superliga with AaB and played 290 games and scored 187 goals in two stints with the club, interrupted by two seasons with VfB Stuttgart in the Fußball-Bundesliga. He ended his career with Viborg FF in 1998. He played 13 games for the Denmark national football team from 1989 to 1996, and scored two goals against Mexico and Argentina as Denmark won the 1995 FIFA Confederations Cup.

Question: In 1995 Peter Rasmussen played association football for the Danish team located in what city?
Answer: Aalborg
Bell AH-1Z Viper
The Bell AH-1Z Viper is an American twin-engine attack helicopter, based on the AH-1W SuperCobra, that was developed for the United States Marine Corps as part of the H-1 upgrade program. The AH-1Z features a four-blade, bearingless, composite main rotor system, uprated transmission, and a new target sighting system. The AH-1Z, one of the latest members of the prolific Bell Huey family, is also called "Zulu Cobra", based on the military phonetic alphabet pronunciation of its variant letter.
NATO phonetic alphabet
The International Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet, commonly known as the NATO phonetic alphabet or the ICAO phonetic alphabet, is the most widely used radiotelephone spelling alphabet. The ITU phonetic alphabet and figure code is a variant.
NATO phonetic alphabet
To create the alphabet, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) assigned codewords acrophonically to the letters of the English alphabet, so that letters and numbers would have distinct names that would be most easily understood by those who exchange voice messages by radio or telephone, regardless of language differences or the quality of the communication channel. Such spelling alphabets are often called "phonetic alphabets", but they are unrelated to phonetic transcription systems such as the International Phonetic Alphabet.

Question: An American twin-engine attack helicopter that was developed for the United States Marine Corps as part of the H-1 upgrade program is also called what when based on the ICAO phonetic alphabet pronunciation of it's variant letter? 
Answer: Zulu Cobra
Battle of Pusan Perimeter
The Battle of the Pusan Perimeter was a large-scale battle between United Nations Command (UN) and North Korean forces lasting from August 4 to September 18, 1950. It was one of the first major engagements of the Korean War. An army of 140,000 UN troops, having been pushed to the brink of defeat, were rallied to make a final stand against the invading Korean People's Army (KPA), 98,000 men strong.
Second Battle of the Marne
The Second Battle of the Marne ( ) (15 July – 6 August 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack failed when an Allied counterattack, supported by several hundred tanks, overwhelmed the Germans on their right flank, inflicting severe casualties. The German defeat marked the start of the relentless Allied advance which culminated in the Armistice with Germany about 100 days later.

Question: What was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War, Second Battle of the Marne or Battle of Pusan Perimeter?
Answer: Second Battle of the Marne
Videotelephony
In the increasingly globalized film industry, videoconferencing has become useful as a method by which creative talent in many different locations can collaborate closely on the complex details of film production. For example, for the 2013 award-winning animated film "Frozen", Burbank-based Walt Disney Animation Studios hired the New York City-based husband-and-wife songwriting team of Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez to write the songs, which required two-hour-long transcontinental videoconferences nearly every weekday for about 14 months.

Question: What year was the movie Frozen released?
Answer: 2013
Digimon
In 2011, Bandai posted a countdown on a teaser site. Once the countdown was finished, it revealed a reboot of the Digimon World series titled "". An enhanced version of the game released on Nintendo 3DS as "Digimon World Re:Digitize Decode" in 2013.

Question: In what year did Bandai post information about a reboot on his website?
Answer: 2011
Daylight saving time
Those who benefit most from DST are the retailers, sporting goods makers, and other businesses that benefit from extra afternoon sunlight. Having more hours of sunlight in between the end of the typical workday and bedtime induces customers to shop and to participate in outdoor afternoon sports. People are more likely to stop by a store on their way home from work if the sun is still up. In 1984, "Fortune" magazine estimated that a seven-week extension of DST would yield an additional $30 million for 7-Eleven stores, and the National Golf Foundation estimated the extension would increase golf industry revenues $200 million to $300 million. A 1999 study estimated that DST increases the revenue of the European Union's leisure sector by about 3%.

Question: What year did Fortune magazine make predictions about the increased revenue an extended daylight savings would provide?
Answer: 1984
Maine Road
Maine Road was a football stadium in Moss Side, Manchester, England, that was home to Manchester City F.C. from 1923 to 2003. It hosted FA Cup semi-finals, Charity Shield matches, a League Cup final and England matches. Maine Road holds the record for the highest attendance for a club in their normal home stadium in English club football, set in 1934 at an FA Cup sixth round match between Manchester City and Stoke City.
Hyde Road (stadium)
Hyde Road was a football stadium in West Gorton, Manchester, England. It was home to Manchester City F.C. and their predecessors from its construction in 1887 until 1923, when the club moved to Maine Road. It was named after Hyde Road, a road which begins at the east end of Ardwick Green South in Ardwick and runs east towards Hyde. At the boundary between Gorton and Denton it continues as Manchester Road.

Question: Hyde Road was home to a team until they moved to another stadium located where?
Answer: Moss Side, Manchester
Marshall Islands
In 1999, a private company built a tuna loining plant with more than 400 employees, mostly women. But the plant closed in 2005 after a failed attempt to convert it to produce tuna steaks, a process that requires half as many employees. Operating costs exceeded revenue, and the plant's owners tried to partner with the government to prevent closure. But government officials personally interested in an economic stake in the plant refused to help. After the plant closed, it was taken over by the government, which had been the guarantor of a $2 million loan to the business.

Question: In what year did the tuna loining plant shut down?
Answer: 2005
.50 BMG
The .50 Browning Machine Gun (.50 BMG, 12.7×99mm NATO and designated as the 50 Browning by the C.I.P.) is a cartridge developed for the Browning .50 caliber machine gun in the late 1910s, entering official service in 1921. Under STANAG 4383, it is a standard cartridge for NATO forces as well as many non-NATO countries. The cartridge itself has been made in many variants: multiple generations of regular ball, tracer, armor-piercing (AP), incendiary, and saboted sub-caliber rounds. The rounds intended for machine guns are made into a continuous belt using metallic links.
.510 DTC EUROP
The .510 DTC EUROP is a French rifle cartridge developed by Eric Danis in order to comply with firearms legislation of .50 BMG rifles in Europe. In response to the .50 Caliber BMG Regulation Act of 2004, which banned future sales of .50 BMG shoulder-fired rifles in California, long-range shooters in that state have begun to adopt this cartridge as a manner of following the new legislation.

Question: What was a cartridge developed for the Browning .50 caliber machine gun in the late 1910, was banned in California which led to the adoption of a French rifle cartridge developed by Eric Danis? 
Answer: .50 Browning Machine Gun
Thuringia
Agriculture and forestry have declined in importance over the decades. Nevertheless, they are more important than in the most other areas of Germany, especially within rural regions. 54% of Thuringia's territory is in agricultural use. The fertile basins such as the large Thuringian Basin or the smaller Goldene Aue, Orlasenke and Osterland are in intensive use for growing cereals, vegetables, fruits and energy crops. Important products are apples, strawberries, cherries and plums in the fruit sector, cabbage, potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes (grown in greenhouses), onions, cucumbers and asparagus in the vegetable sector, as well as maize, rapeseed, wheat, barley and sugar beets in the crop sector.

Question: What is something more important to Thuringia than most areas of Germany?
Answer: Agriculture and forestry
George VI
Throughout the war, the King and Queen provided morale-boosting visits throughout the United Kingdom, visiting bomb sites, munitions factories, and troops. The King visited military forces abroad in France in December 1939, North Africa and Malta in June 1943, Normandy in June 1944, southern Italy in July 1944, and the Low Countries in October 1944. Their high public profile and apparently indefatigable determination secured their place as symbols of national resistance. At a social function in 1944, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, Field Marshal Sir Alan Brooke, revealed that every time he met Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, he thought Montgomery was after his job. The King replied: "You should worry, when I meet him, I always think he's after mine!"

Question: What improved when the King and Queen visited different military sites?
Answer: morale
Memory
While short-term memory encodes information acoustically, long-term memory encodes it semantically: Baddeley (1966) discovered that, after 20 minutes, test subjects had the most difficulty recalling a collection of words that had similar meanings (e.g. big, large, great, huge) long-term. Another part of long-term memory is episodic memory, "which attempts to capture information such as 'what', 'when' and 'where. With episodic memory, individuals are able to recall specific events such as birthday parties and weddings.

Question: How does short term memory encode information?
Answer: acoustically
De La Soul
De La Soul is an American hip hop trio formed in 1988 in the Amityville area of Long Island, New York. They are best known for their eclectic sampling, quirky lyrics, and their contributions to the evolution of the jazz rap and alternative hip hop subgenres. The members are Posdnuos, Trugoy and Maseo. The three formed the group in high school and caught the attention of producer Prince Paul with a demo tape of the song "Plug Tunin'". With its playful wordplay, innovative sampling, and witty skits, the band's debut album, "3 Feet High and Rising", has been called "a hip hop masterpiece."
Buhloone Mindstate
Buhlo͞one Mindstate is the third studio album by American hip hop group De La Soul. It was released on September 21, 1993, by Tommy Boy and was the group's last record to be produced with Prince Paul.

Question: Buhloone Mindstate is the third studio album by a trio formed in what state?
Answer: New York
Harley Quinn
Harley Quinn (Dr. Harleen Frances Quinzel) is a fictional character appearing in media published by DC Entertainment. Created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm to serve as a new supervillain and a romantic interest for the Joker in "" on September 11, 1992, she was later adapted into DC Comics' Batman comic book canon, beginning with "The Batman Adventures" #12 (September 1993).
Terry Dodson
Terry Dodson is an American comic book artist and penciller. He is best known for his work on titles such as "Harley Quinn", "Trouble", "Marvel Knights Spider-Man", Wonder Woman and "Uncanny X-Men". His pencils are usually inked by his wife Rachel Dodson, who is a comic book inker and colorist.
Terry Dodson
Dodson began his illustration career in 1991 at Revolutionary Comics, drawing issues of "Rock 'N' Roll Comics" that featured illustrated bios of performers like Rod Stewart (#38) and others. He first came to mainstream prominence as the artist on Malibu Comics' Ultraverse title "Mantra" in 1993. He co-created the character with writer Mike W. Barr.

Question: Who is the character drawn by Terrence Dodson and created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm?
Answer: Harley Quinn
David Duke
David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is an American white supremacist, far-right politician, convicted felon, and former grand wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. From 1989 to 1992, he was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives. He has advocated Neo-Nazi and anti-Semitic conspiracy theories like Holocaust denial and Jewish control of academia, the press, and the financial system. The Anti-Defamation League has described Duke as "perhaps America’s most well-known racist and anti-Semite".
Georgy Shchokin
Georgy Vasilovich Shchokin (ukr.: Гео́ргій Васи́льович Що́кін) (born May 27, 1954, in Zaporizhzhya is a Ukrainian (of Russian ethnicity) businessman, sociologist, psychologist and a politician. He is also the founder and owner of MAUP (a private college known for its close ties with David Duke and other Holocaust deniers).

Question: What private college is associated with Georgiy Shchokin and has close ties with a former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan?
Answer: MAUP
Oliver Marach
Oliver Marach (born 16 July 1980) is an Austrian professional tennis player. His highest ATP singles ranking is world No. 82, which he reached on August 7, 2005. His career high in doubles is world No. 2, set on May 28, 2018, after winning his first major at the 2018 Australian Open in January and reaching his first Masters final in Monte Carlo in April, both partnering Mate Pavić.
Petra Kvitová
Petra Kvitová (] ; born 8 March 1990) is a Czech professional tennis player. Known for her powerful left-handed groundstrokes and variety, Kvitová turned professional in 2006 and has won 27 career singles titles, two of which are Grand Slam titles, the Wimbledon Championships in 2011 and in 2014. She also won a bronze medal at the 2016 Rio Olympics. Her career-high ranking of world No. 2 was reached on 31 October 2011 and as of 16 March 2020, she is ranked world No. 12 by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). As such, Kvitová is currently the highest-ranked left-handed player in the world and the second highest-ranked Czech, behind Karolína Plíšková.
Petra Kvitová
Kvitová first gained notice upon defeating then-world No. 1 Dinara Safina in the third round of the 2009 US Open. This was followed by her first Grand Slam semifinal appearance at the 2010 Wimbledon Championships where she came up short to eventual champion Serena Williams. Then, during her breakthrough season in 2011, Kvitová won her first Grand Slam title at the Wimbledon Championships, defeating Maria Sharapova in the final, thus becoming the first player of either gender born in the 1990s to win a Grand Slam tournament title. She remained the only player of either gender born in the 1990s to have won a Grand Slam singles title until the 2016 French Open where Garbiñe Muguruza triumphed. At the end of the season, she won the WTA Tour Championships, thus becoming the third player to win the tournament on debut, the others being Williams and Sharapova. She also helped lead the Czech Republic to victory in the Fed Cup final that same year, making it the Czech Republic's first Fed Cup title as an independent nation.

Question: Are Petra Kvitová and Oliver Marach of the same nationality?
Answer: no
Zinc
Zinc deficiency appears to be the most common micronutrient deficiency in crop plants; it is particularly common in high-pH soils. Zinc-deficient soil is cultivated in the cropland of about half of Turkey and India, a third of China, and most of Western Australia. Substantial responses to zinc fertilization have been reported in these areas. Plants that grow in soils that are zinc-deficient are more susceptible to disease. Zinc is added to the soil primarily through the weathering of rocks, but humans have added zinc through fossil fuel combustion, mine waste, phosphate fertilizers, pesticide (zinc phosphide), limestone, manure, sewage sludge, and particles from galvanized surfaces. Excess zinc is toxic to plants, although zinc toxicity is far less widespread.

Question: In what type of soil is zinc deficiency most common?
Answer: high-pH soils
Ottoman Empire
By developing commercial centres and routes, encouraging people to extend the area of cultivated land in the country and international trade through its dominions, the state performed basic economic functions in the Empire. But in all this, the financial and political interests of the state were dominant. Within the social and political system they were living in, Ottoman administrators could not see the desirability of the dynamics and principles of the capitalist and mercantile economies developing in Western Europe.

Question: The expansion of international trade through the Empire was the result of what?
Answer: developing commercial centres and routes
Sally Field
Sally Margaret Field (born November 6, 1946) is an American actress and director. She is the recipient of various accolades, including two Academy Awards, three Primetime Emmy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and a Screen Actors Guild Award, and she has been nominated for a Tony Award and two BAFTA Awards.
Sally Field
Field began her professional career on television, starring in the short-lived comedies "Gidget" (1965–1966), "The Flying Nun" (1967–1970), and "The Girl with Something Extra" (1973–1974). In 1976, she garnered critical acclaim for her performance in the miniseries "Sybil", for which she received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie. Her film debut was as an extra in "Moon Pilot" (1962), her movie career escalated during the 1970s with starring roles including "Stay Hungry" (1976), "Smokey and the Bandit" (1977), "Heroes" (1977), "The End" (1978), and "Hooper" (1978). Her career further expanded during the 1980s, winning the Academy Award for Best Actress twice for; "Norma Rae" (1979) and "Places in the Heart" (1984), and she appeared in "Smokey and the Bandit II" (1980), "Absence of Malice" (1981), "Kiss Me Goodbye" (1982), "Murphy's Romance" (1985), "Steel Magnolias" (1989), "Mrs. Doubtfire" (1993), and "Forrest Gump" (1994).
Ron Fricke
Ron Fricke is an American film director and cinematographer, specializing in time-lapse photography and large format cinematography. He was the director of photography for "Koyaanisqatsi" (1982) and directed the purely cinematic non-verbal non-narrative feature "Baraka" (1992). He designed and used his own 65 mm camera equipment for "Baraka" and his later projects. He also directed the IMAX films "Chronos" (1985) and "Sacred Site" (1986). He also worked as cinematographer for parts of the film "" (he was hired to shoot the eruption of Mt. Etna in Sicily for use in scenes of the volcanic planet Mustafar).

Question: Sally Field and Ron Fricke, are of which nationality?
Answer: American
In the Name of the Father (film)
In the Name of the Father is a 1993 biographical courtroom drama film co-written and directed by Jim Sheridan. It is based on the true story of the Guildford Four, four people falsely convicted of the 1974 Guildford pub bombings, which killed four off-duty British soldiers and a civilian. The screenplay was adapted by Terry George and Jim Sheridan from the 1990 autobiography "Proved Innocent: The Story of Gerry Conlon of the Guildford Four" by Gerry Conlon.
Sean Lawlor
Sean Lawlor (25 January 1954 – 10 October 2009) was an Irish character actor and playwright. He was best known for his portrayal of Malcolm Wallace in "Braveheart". He also appeared in "Titanic", "In the Name of the Father" and "On Broadway". He appeared in many Irish television films and the RTÉ series "Bracken", as well as parts in many Irish films. He produced plays for the stage including his own one-man play, "The Watchman", in which he starred.

Question: Sean Lawlor appeared in the 1993 Irish-British-American courtroom drama film directed by whom?
Answer: Jim Sheridan
Pesticide
Pesticides can be classified based upon their biological mechanism function or application method. Most pesticides work by poisoning pests. A systemic pesticide moves inside a plant following absorption by the plant. With insecticides and most fungicides, this movement is usually upward (through the xylem) and outward. Increased efficiency may be a result. Systemic insecticides, which poison pollen and nectar in the flowers, may kill bees and other needed pollinators.

Question: In which direction do systemic pesticide generally travel through a plant?
Answer: movement is usually upward
New York University
New York University (NYU) is a private research university based in New York City. Founded in 1831 by Albert Gallatin as an institution to "admit based upon merit rather than birthright or social class", NYU's historical campus is in Greenwich Village.
New York University
NYU is the largest independent research university in the United States. It also has degree-granting campuses in Abu Dhabi and Shanghai, and academic centers in Accra, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Florence, London, Los Angeles, Madrid, Paris, Prague, Sydney, Tel Aviv, and Washington, D.C. NYU is organized into 25 schools, including 10 undergraduate school and numerous graduate schools. The university has numerous research efforts, including founding the American Chemical Society and holding research partnerships with the Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence and with major technology firms such as Twitter and IBM. The university has also since launched various internal research centers in the fields of artificial intelligence, history, culture, medicine, mathematics, philosophy, and economics. NYU is one of the top feeder schools for careers in finance and investment banking on Wall Street, accounting for 3.9% of hires in major financial institutions.
Eoghan Casey
Eoghan Casey is a digital forensics professional, researcher, and author. Casey has conducted a wide range of digital investigations, including data breaches, fraud, violent crimes, identity theft, and on-line criminal activity. He is also a member of the Digital/Multimedia Scientific Area Committee of the Organization for Scientific Area Committees. He helps organize the digital forensic research DFRWS.org conferences each year, and is on the DFRWS Board of Directors. He has a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley, an M.A. in Educational Communication and Technology from New York University, and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from University College Dublin.

Question: Eoghan Casey has an M.A. in Educational Communication and Technology from a university founded in which year ?
Answer: 1831
Identity (social science)
The first favours a primordialist approach which takes the sense of self and belonging to a collective group as a fixed thing, defined by objective criteria such as common ancestry and common biological characteristics. The second, rooted in social constructionist theory, takes the view that identity is formed by a predominantly political choice of certain characteristics. In so doing, it questions the idea that identity is a natural given, characterised by fixed, supposedly objective criteria. Both approaches need to be understood in their respective political and historical contexts, characterised by debate on issues of class, race and ethnicity. While they have been criticized, they continue to exert an influence on approaches to the conceptualisation of identity today.

Question: The view that identity is based on a political choice of characteristics is rooted in what theory?
Answer: social constructionist theory
Williams College
Williams College is a private liberal arts college in Williamstown, Massachusetts. It was established in 1793 with funds from the estate of Ephraim Williams, a colonist from the Province of Massachusetts Bay who was killed in the French and Indian War in 1755, and it is the second-oldest institution of higher education in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Although the bequest from the estate of Ephraim Williams intended to establish a "free school," the exact meaning of which is ambiguous, the college quickly outgrew its initial ambitions and positioned itself as a "Western counterpart" to Yale and Harvard.
Williams College
Williams is on a 450 acre campus in Williamstown, in the Berkshires in rural northwestern Massachusetts. The campus contains more than 100 academic, athletic, and residential buildings. There are 357 voting faculty members, with a student-to-faculty ratio of 7:1. s of 2019 , the school has an enrollment of 2,078 undergraduate students and 56 graduate students. The college competes in the NCAA Division III New England Small College Athletic Conference, and competes in the conference as the Ephs. The athletic program has been highly successful, as Williams College has won 22 of the last 24 College Directors' Cups for NCAA Division III.
Saul Kassin
Saul Kassin is a Distinguished Professor of Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City. and Massachusetts Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts.

Question: What is the establishment year of this private liberal arts college in WIlliamstown, Massachusetts, where Saul Kassin was a professor of psychology?
Answer: 1793
Wood
If a heavy piece of pine is compared with a lightweight piece it will be seen at once that the heavier one contains a larger proportion of latewood than the other, and is therefore showing more clearly demarcated growth rings. In white pines there is not much contrast between the different parts of the ring, and as a result the wood is very uniform in texture and is easy to work. In hard pines, on the other hand, the latewood is very dense and is deep-colored, presenting a very decided contrast to the soft, straw-colored earlywood.

Question: What feature of a piece of pine with more latewood would be more clear and pronounced?
Answer: growth rings
New Haven, Connecticut
The Oak Street Connector (Connecticut Route 34) intersects I-91 at exit 1, just south of the I-95/I-91 interchange, and runs northwest for a few blocks as an expressway spur into downtown before emptying onto surface roads. The Wilbur Cross Parkway (Connecticut Route 15) runs parallel to I-95 west of New Haven, turning northwards as it nears the city and then running northwards parallel to I-91 through the outer rim of New Haven and Hamden, offering an alternative to the I-95/I-91 journey (restricted to non-commercial vehicles). Route 15 in New Haven is the site of the only highway tunnel in the state (officially designated as Heroes Tunnel), running through West Rock, home to West Rock Park and the Three Judges Cave.

Question: What downtown New Haven expressway spur intersects at exit 1 of 1-91?
Answer: The Oak Street Connector
Ponte della Paglia
Ponte della Paglia is a bridge in Venice, Italy. The current structure dates from 1847, and the original structure was built in 1360. The original structure was the oldest stone bridge in Venice. The name of the bridge is understood to come from boats mooring nearby to offload straw (paglia). The bridge is a common place from which to view the Bridge of Sighs.
Bridge of Sighs
The Bridge of Sighs (Italian: "Ponte dei Sospiri", ) is a bridge in Venice, Italy. The enclosed bridge is made of white limestone, has windows with stone bars, passes over the Rio di Palazzo, and connects the New Prison ("Prigioni Nuove") to the interrogation rooms in the Doge's Palace. It was designed by Antonio Contino, whose uncle Antonio da Ponte designed the Rialto Bridge, and it was built in 1600.

Question: Of what material is an enclosed bridge made from which can be viewed from the Ponte dela Paglia bridge in Venice, Italy?
Answer: white limestone
Super Nintendo Entertainment System
In a 1997 year-end review, a team of five "Electronic Gaming Monthly" editors gave the Super Nintendo Entertainment System scores of 5.5, 8.0, 7.0, 7.0, and 8.0. While they criticized how few new games were coming out for the system and how dated its graphics were compared to current generation consoles, they regarded its selection of must-have games to be still unsurpassed. Additionally noting that used Super NES games were readily available in bargain bins, most of them still recommended buying a Super NES. In 2007, GameTrailers named the SNES as the second-best console of all time in their list of top ten consoles that "left their mark on the history of gaming", citing its graphics, sound, and library of top-quality games. In 2015, they also named it the best Nintendo console of all time, saying, "The list of games we love from this console completely annihilates any other roster from the Big N." Technology columnist Don Reisinger proclaimed "The SNES is the greatest console of all time" in January 2008, citing the quality of the games and the console's dramatic improvement over its predecessor; fellow technology columnist Will Greenwald replied with a more nuanced view, giving the SNES top marks with his heart, the NES with his head, and the PlayStation (for its controller) with his hands. GamingExcellence also gave the SNES first place in 2008, declaring it "simply the most timeless system ever created" with many games that stand the test of time and citing its innovation in controller design, graphics capabilities, and game storytelling. At the same time, GameDaily rated it 5th of the 10 greatest consoles for its graphics, audio, controllers, and games. In 2009, IGN named the Super Nintendo Entertainment System the fourth best video game console, complimenting its audio and number of AAA games.

Question: Where did IGN rank the SNES?
Answer: fourth best
1990–91 Utah Jazz season
The 1990–91 NBA season was the Jazz's 17th season in the National Basketball Association, and 12th season in Salt Lake City, Utah. Early into the season, the Jazz traveled to Japan to play their first two games against the Phoenix Suns at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium. With the offseason acquisition of Jeff Malone from the Washington Bullets, the Jazz continued to play sweet music in the regular season with a 26–12 start. They ended up falling one game short of the Midwest Division title with another stellar record of 54–28, as Karl Malone finished second in the league in scoring with 29.0 points per game, and John Stockton led the league with 14.2 assists per game. Malone and Stockton were both selected for the 1991 NBA All-Star Game. In the first round of the playoffs, the Jazz defeated the 4th-seeded Phoenix Suns in four games, but lost in the semifinals to the Portland Trail Blazers in five games. This was also their final season playing at the Salt Palace. Following the season, Darrell Griffith retired.
Darrell Griffith
Darrell Steven Griffith (born June 16, 1958), also known by his nickname Dr. Dunkenstein, is an American former basketball player who spent his entire professional career with the Utah Jazz of the National Basketball Association. He played collegiately at the University of Louisville. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest college basketball players of all time.

Question: What was the nickname of the the basketball player who retired after the 1990-91 Utah Jazz season?
Answer: Dr. Dunkenstein
2011–12 NHL season
The 2011–12 NHL season was the 95th season of operation (94th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Los Angeles Kings defeated the New Jersey Devils in the Stanley Cup Final four games to two to win the team's first Stanley Cup in their second Stanley Cup final appearance; they had lost to Montreal Canadiens in the 1993 Finals.
Brett Connolly
Brett Connolly (born May 2, 1992) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently playing for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). During his major junior career with the Prince George Cougars, he was named Western Hockey League (WHL) and Canadian Hockey League (CHL) Rookie of the Year for the 2008–09 season. Selected sixth overall by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft, he joined the team in 2011–12. He was later traded to the Boston Bruins, following which he was traded to the Washington Capitals prior to the 2016–17 season. Connolly won the Stanley Cup as a member of the Capitals in 2018.

Question: Who won the Stanley Cup the season Brett Connolly joined the Tampa Bay Lightnings?
Answer: Los Angeles Kings
Plymouth
Plymouth also has 71 state primary phase schools, 13 state secondary schools, eight special schools and three selective state grammar schools, Devonport High School for Girls, Devonport High School for Boys and Plymouth High School for Girls. There is also an independent school Plymouth College.

Question: How many state primary schools are in Plymouth?
Answer: 71
Carnival
The Slovenian name for carnival is "pust". The Slovenian countryside displays a variety of disguised groups and individual characters, among which the most popular and characteristic is the Kurent (plural: "Kurenti"), a monstrous and demon-like, but fluffy figure. The most significant festival is held in Ptuj (see: Kurentovanje). Its special feature are the Kurents themselves, magical creatures from another world, who visit major events throughout the country, trying to banish the winter and announce spring's arrival, fertility, and new life with noise and dancing. The origin of the Kurent is a mystery, and not much is known of the times, beliefs, or purposes connected with its first appearance. The origin of the name itself is obscure.

Question: What countryside has multiple groups and individuals in disguise?
Answer: Slovenian
EastEnders
EastEnders is a British soap opera created by Julia Smith and Tony Holland which has been broadcast on BBC One since 1985. Set in Albert Square in the East End of London in the fictional borough of Walford, the programme follows the stories of local residents and their families as they go about their daily lives. Initially there were two 30-minute episodes per week, later increasing to three, but since 2001, episodes have been broadcast on every weekday except Wednesday (outside of special occasions). The three-month suspension of production in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, led to broadcast of the show being reduced to two 30-minute episodes per week, and eventually, the show going on a transmission break. Restrictions to filming will result in the programme returning to transmission with four 20-minute episodes per week.
EastEnders
Within eight months of the show's launch, it reached the number one spot in BARB's TV ratings and has consistently remained among the top rated series in Britain. In 2013, the average audience share for an episode was around 30 per cent. Today, "EastEnders" remains a significant programme in terms of the BBC's success and audience share, and also in the history of British television drama, tackling many dilemmas that are considered to be controversial and taboo issues in British culture and social life previously unseen on UK mainstream television.
Rebecca Egan
Rebecca Egan is a British actress known mostly for the role of Marilyn Tanner in the "Second Sight" series, and has most recently been seen in the guest role of Kendra Hills-Smythe in the British soap opera "EastEnders".

Question: Who created the British soap opera in which Rebecca Egan had the guest role of Kendra Hills-Smythe?
Answer: Julia Smith and Tony Holland