qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Thandie Newton
Melanie Thandiwe Newton (born 6 November 1972), known professionally as Thandie Newton ( ), is an English actress. Newton is known for her starring roles, such as the title character in "Beloved" (1998), Nyah Nordoff-Hall in "" (2000), Christine in "Crash" (2004), for which she received a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role, Linda in "The Pursuit of Happyness" (2006), Stella in "RockNRolla" (2008), Condoleezza Rice in "W." (2008), Laura Wilson in "2012" (2009), and Val in "" (2018).
Shade (film)
Shade is a 2003 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed and written by Damian Nieman and starring Stuart Townsend, Gabriel Byrne, Thandie Newton, Jamie Foxx, Melanie Griffith and Sylvester Stallone. The film follows a trio of grifters who attempt to set up a legendary card sharp nicknamed "The Dean". The film had a limited release in the United States on May 7, 2004.

Question: The actress that plays Linda in "The Pursuit of Happyness" also starred with Stuart Townsend and Gabriel Byrne in a 2003 film directed by who?
Answer: Damian Nieman
Californication (TV series)
Californication is an American comedy-drama television series created by Tom Kapinos which aired for seven seasons on Showtime from August 13, 2007 to June 29, 2014. The show follows New Yorker Hank Moody (David Duchovny), a troubled novelist who moves to California and suffers from writer's block. His drinking, womanizing, and drug abuse complicate his relationships with his longtime lover Karen (Natascha McElhone) and their daughter Becca (Madeleine Martin).
Californication (TV series)
The show's other main characters are Hank's best friend and agent Charlie Runkle (Evan Handler) and Charlie's wife Marcy (Pamela Adlon). Recurring themes are sex, drugs, and rock and roll, all of which are featured regularly, as well as the seedier side of Los Angeles. The show has won several awards, including two Emmy Awards (nominated for two others) and one Golden Globe Award (nominated for five others). On February 9, 2018, the series star David Duchovny declared he was on board with the idea of a 'revival' of the tv series. 
Embeth Davidtz
Embeth Jean Davidtz (born August 11, 1965) is a South African-American actress. Her screen roles include movies such as "Army of Darkness", "Schindler's List, ""Matilda", "Mansfield Park", "Bicentennial Man", "Fallen," "Junebug," and "Fracture", and the television series "Mad Men," "Californication, In Treatment," "and Ray Donovan"
Embeth Davidtz
Davidtz was born in Lafayette, Indiana, while her father was studying chemical engineering at Purdue University. Her parents, John and Jean, later moved to Trenton, New Jersey, and then back to their native South Africa when Davidtz was nine years old. Davidtz has Dutch, English, and French ancestry. She had to learn Afrikaans before attending school classes in South Africa, where her father took up a teaching post at Potchefstroom University. Davidtz graduated from The Glen High School in Pretoria in 1983 and studied at Rhodes University in Grahamstown.

Question: Embeth Davidtz has had a screen role in the TV series that was created by whom, running for seven seasons?
Answer: Tom Kapinos
Seven Years' War
Many middle and small powers in Europe, as in the previous wars, tried steering away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents. Denmark–Norway, for instance, was close to being dragged into the war on France's side when Peter III became Russian emperor and switched sides; Dano-Norwegian and Russian armies were close to ending up in battle, but the Russian emperor was deposed before war formally broke out. The Dutch Republic, a long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fearing the odds against Britain and Prussia fighting the great powers of Europe, and even tried to prevent Britain's domination in India. Naples-Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with the Franco-Spanish alliance, declined to join the coalition under fear of British naval power. The taxation needed for war caused the Russian people considerable hardship, being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace. Like Sweden, Russia concluded a separate peace with Prussia.

Question: What items had already been taxed by Russian Empress Elizabeth?
Answer: being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759
Treaty of Amiens
It was signed in the city of Amiens on 27 March 1802 (4 Germinal X in the French Revolutionary calendar) by Joseph Bonaparte and Marquess Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace." The consequent peace lasted only one year (18 May 1803) and was the only period of general peace in Europe between 1793 and 1814.
Treaty of Amiens
Under the treaty, Britain recognised the French Republic. Together with the Treaty of Lunéville (1801), the Treaty of Amiens marked the end of the Second Coalition, which had waged war against Revolutionary France since 1798.
HMS Florentina (1800)
HMS "Florentina" (or sometimes "Florentia" or "Florentine"), was the Spanish frigate "Santa Florentina", built in 1786 at Cartagena, Spain to a design completed on 17 October 1785 by José Romero Fernández de Landa, modified from his earlier design for the "Santa Casilda". The British Royal Navy captured her on 6 April 1800 and took her into service as HMS "Florentina". She served in the Mediterranean until she returned to Britain in 1802 after the Treaty of Amiens. There the Admiralty had her laid-up in ordinary and she was sold in 1803.

Question: HMS "Florentina", was the Spanish frigate "Santa Florentina", built in 1786 at Cartagena, Spain, she served in the Mediterranean until she returned to Britain in which year, after the Treaty of Amiens?
Answer: 1802
Waris Hussein
Waris Hussein (born Waris Habibullah, 9 December 1938), is a British-Indian television director and film director, whose work has included early episodes of "Doctor Who" and the Thames Television serial "Edward and Mrs Simpson" (1978).
Waris Hussein
Waris Habibullah was born in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, British India, into a family of the aristocratic Taluqdar class, and spent his early years mainly in Bombay. He came to the UK with his family in 1946, when his father, Ali Bahadur Habibullah, was appointed to the Indian High Commission. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, his father returned to India, but his mother, Attia Hosain, chose to stay in England with her children, and worked as a writer and as broadcaster on the Indian Section of the BBC's Eastern Service from 1949.
Mathieu Kassovitz
Mathieu Kassovitz (born 3 August 1967) is a French director, screenwriter, producer, editor, and actor. He is the founder of MNP Entreprise, a film production company.

Question: Are Waris Hussein and Mathieu Kassovitz both actors?
Answer: no
Winterton, Lincolnshire
Winterton is a small town or large village with amenities in North Lincolnshire, England, 5 mi north-east of Scunthorpe. The 2011 census found 4,899 inhabitants, in 2,001 households. Major north-south/east-west streets of Winterton are Market Street and Northlands Road. Winterton is near to the banks of the Humber and is 8 mi south-west of the Humber Bridge which can be seen from many parts of the town.
Winterton and Thealby railway station
Winterton and Thealby railway station was a station built by the North Lindsey Light Railway in Winterton, Lincolnshire, on their line from Scunthorpe to Winteringham. The station was opened on 3 September 1906 and closed to passengers in 1925. The line closed entirely in 1964.

Question: What town is 5 miles south west of the town where the Winterton and Thealby railway station is built?
Answer: Scunthorpe
Thuringia
The unemployment rate reached its peak of 17.1% in 2005. Since then, it has decreased to 5.3% in 2019, which is only slightly above the national average. The decrease is caused on the one hand by the emergence of new jobs and on the other by a marked decrease in the working-age population, caused by emigration and low birth rates for decades. The wages in Thuringia are low compared to rich bordering Lands like Hesse and Bavaria. Therefore, many Thuringians are working in other German Lands and even in Austria and Switzerland as weekly commuters. Nevertheless, the demographic transition in Thuringia leads to a lack of workers in some sectors. External immigration into Thuringia has been encouraged by the government since about 2010 to counter this problem.

Question: What do many Thuringian workers do to earn better wages?
Answer: working in other German Lands and even in Austria and Switzerland as weekly commuters
Operation Nordwind
Operation Nordwind ( ) was the last major German offensive of World War II on the Western Front. It began on 31 December 1944 in Rhineland-Palatinate, Alsace and Lorraine in southwestern Germany and northeastern France, and ended on 25 January 1945.
Battle of Guam (1944)
The Second Battle of Guam (21 July – 10 August 1944) was the American recapture of the Japanese-held island of Guam, a U.S. territory in the Mariana Islands captured by the Japanese from the U.S. in the 1941 First Battle of Guam during the Pacific campaign of World War II.

Question: Which offensive strategy during World War II lasted longer, Operation Nordwind or the Battle of Guam?
Answer: Battle of Guam
Michael Bennett (defensive lineman, born 1985)
Michael Bennett Jr. (born November 13, 1985) is a former American football defensive end. He played college football at Texas A&M, and signed with the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2009. Bennett also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Philadelphia Eagles, New England Patriots, and Dallas Cowboys. Over his career Bennett made three Pro Bowls and won Super Bowl XLVIII with the Seahawks. He is the brother of former tight end Martellus Bennett.
Martellus Bennett
Martellus Demond Bennett (born March 10, 1987) is a former American football tight end and children's author. The Dallas Cowboys drafted him in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft after playing college football at Texas A&M. Bennett also played in the NFL for the New York Giants, Chicago Bears, Green Bay Packers and New England Patriots. He won Super Bowl LI with the Patriots over the Atlanta Falcons. He is the younger brother of former defensive end Michael Bennett.

Question: Michael Bennett is the brother of the player who was drafted by what team in the 2008 NFL Draft?
Answer: Dallas Cowboys
Myanmar
The government has also relaxed reporting laws, but these remain highly restrictive. In September 2011, several banned websites, including YouTube, Democratic Voice of Burma and Voice of America, were unblocked. A 2011 report by the Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations found that, while contact with the Myanmar government was constrained by donor restrictions, international humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) see opportunities for effective advocacy with government officials, especially at the local level. At the same time, international NGOs are mindful of the ethical quandary of how to work with the government without bolstering or appeasing it.

Question: Has the government of Myanmar made life any easier for it's inhabitants ?
Answer: has also relaxed reporting laws, but these remain highly restrictive.
Andrea DeShong
Andrea DeShong (born March 16, 1962) is a former United States female boxer who is best remembered for defeating Christy Martin in Martin's fourth professional bout.
Christy Martin (boxer)
Christy Renea Martin (born June 12, 1968) is a former American world champion boxer and currently the CEO of Christy Martin Promotions.

Question: In what year was the boxer who lost to Andrea DeShong in her fourth professional bout born?
Answer: 1968
2015 MTV Video Music Awards
The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards were held on August 30, 2015. The 32nd installment of the event was held at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California, and hosted by Miley Cyrus. Taylor Swift led the nominations with a total of ten, followed by Ed Sheeran, who had six, bringing his total number of mentions to 13. Swift's "Wildest Dreams" music video premiered during the pre-show. Cyrus also announced and released her studio album "Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz", right after her performance at the end of the show. During his acceptance speech, Kanye West announced that he would be running for the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election. Taylor Swift won the most awards with four, including Video of the Year and Best Female Video. The VMA trophies were redesigned by Jeremy Scott.
Wildest Dreams (Taylor Swift song)
"Wildest Dreams" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her fifth studio album, "1989". The song was released to radio by Big Machine Records and Republic Records on August 31, 2015, as the album's fifth single. Swift wrote the song with its producers Max Martin and Shellback. Musically, "Wildest Dreams" is a dream pop, soft rock and electropop power ballad, with the lyrics describing Swift's plea for her lover to remember her.

Question: The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards featured the music video premier of a song off of Taylor Swift's fifth studio album, which was called what?
Answer: 1989
Route 66 State Park
Route 66 State Park is a public recreation area located on the Meramec River at the site of the former town of Times Beach, Missouri. The state park encompasses 419 acre 1 mi east of Eureka. 
Times Beach, Missouri
Times Beach is a ghost town in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States, 17 mi southwest of St. Louis and 2 mi east of Eureka. Once home to more than two thousand people, the town was completely evacuated early in 1983 due to TCDD—also known as dioxin—contamination. It was the largest civilian exposure to this compound in the history of the US.

Question: Route 66 State Park is a state park in the U.S. state of Missouri, located on the former site of which ghost town in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States, 17 mi southwest of St. Louis and 2 mi east of Eureka?
Answer: Times Beach
Maria Bueno
Maria Esther Andion Bueno (11 October 1939 – 8 June 2018) was a Brazilian professional tennis player. During her 11-year career in the 1950s and 1960s, she won 19 Grand Slam titles (seven in women's singles, 11 in women's doubles, and one in mixed doubles), making her the most successful South American female tennis player in history, and the only one to ever win Wimbledon. Bueno was the year-end number-one ranked female player in 1959 and 1960 and was known for her graceful style of play.
Paul McNamee
Paul McNamee (born 12 November 1954) is an Australian retired tennis player and prominent sports administrator.

Question: What profession do both Maria Bueno and Paul McNamee share?
Answer: tennis player
Neoclassical architecture
The Baroque style had never truly been to the English taste. Four influential books were published in the first quarter of the 18th century which highlighted the simplicity and purity of classical architecture: "Vitruvius Britannicus" by Colen Campbell (1715), Palladio's "I quattro libri dell'architettura" ("The Four Books of Architecture", 1715), "De re aedificatoria" by Leon Battista Alberti (1726) and "The Designs of Inigo Jones... with Some Additional Designs" (1727). The most popular was the four-volume "Vitruvius Britannicus" by Colen Campbell. The book contained architectural prints of famous British buildings that had been inspired by the great architects from Vitruvius to Palladio. At first the book mainly featured the work of Inigo Jones, but the later tomes contained drawings and plans by Campbell and other 18th-century architects. Palladian architecture became well established in 18th-century Britain.

Question: In what century did Palladian architecture become well established?
Answer: 18th-century
LaserDisc
In contrast to the entirely digital DVD, LaserDiscs use only analog video. As the LaserDisc format is not digitally encoded and does not make use of compression techniques, it is immune to video macroblocking (most visible as blockiness during high motion sequences) or contrast banding (subtle visible lines in gradient areas, such as out-of-focus backgrounds, skies, or light casts from spotlights) that can be caused by the MPEG-2 encoding process as video is prepared for DVD. Early DVD releases held the potential to surpass their LaserDisc counterparts, but often managed only to match them for image quality, and in some cases, the LaserDisc version was preferred. However, proprietary human-assisted encoders manually operated by specialists can vastly reduce the incidence of artifacts, depending on playing time and image complexity. By the end of LaserDisc's run, DVDs were living up to their potential as a superior format.

Question: What is contrast banding?
Answer: subtle visible lines in gradient areas
Communication
Communication is usually described along a few major dimensions: message (what type of things are communicated), source/emisor/sender/encoder (from whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination/receiver/target/decoder (to whom). Wilbur Schram (1954) also indicated that we should also examine the impact that a message has (both desired and undesired) on the target of the message. Between parties, communication includes acts that confer knowledge and experiences, give advice and commands, and ask questions. These acts may take many forms, in one of the various manners of communication. The form depends on the abilities of the group communicating. Together, communication content and form make messages that are sent towards a destination. The target can be oneself, another person or being, another entity (such as a corporation or group of beings).

Question: Who said that we should examine the impact a message has on the recipient of the message?
Answer: Wilbur Schram
Arena Football League
In 2014, ESPN returned to the AFL as broadcast partners, with weekly games being shown on CBS Sports Network, ESPN, ESPN2 and ESPNEWS along with all games being broadcast on ESPN3 for free live on WatchESPN and the ESPN app. ArenaBowl XXVII and XXVIII were also broadcast on ESPN. Most teams also had a local TV station broadcast their games locally and all games were available on local radio. In 2016, Univision Deportes began airing select AFL games during the regular season. For the 2017 season, one AFL game per week was broadcast live nationally over CBS Sports Network. In 2017, the AFL also began streaming some games on Twitter and AFLNow, the league's streaming service. For the 2018 season, the AFL's sole national English language telecast partner was the CBS Sports Network, but all games were streamed free online and Brigade and Valor games were available over their owner Ted Leonsis' Monumental Sports Network. In 2019, all games were available via streaming on ESPN3, except for ArenaBowl 32, which was aired over ESPN2.

Question: What app were Arena Football League games broadcast on in 2014?
Answer: WatchESPN
Harry Gregg
Henry Gregg, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (27 October 1932 – 16 February 2020) was a Northern Irish professional footballer and manager. A goalkeeper, he played for Manchester United during the reign of Sir Matt Busby, with a total of 247 appearances for the club. He was a survivor of the Munich air disaster in 1958. Gregg also played for Doncaster Rovers and Stoke City, as well as making 25 appearances for the Northern Ireland national team between 1954 and 1963, including at the 1958 FIFA World Cup. He later went into management with Carlisle United, Crewe Alexandra, Shrewsbury Town and Swansea City.
Portstewart F.C.
Portstewart Football Club is an intermediate, Northern Irish football club from Portstewart, County Londonderry. The club was founded in 1968 and currently plays in the NIFL Premier Intermediate League. The club's main colours are sky blue and navy. Portstewart are nicknamed "The Seahawks". Portstewart Reserves play in the Coleraine and District Morning League. In 2019, Portstewart introduced an Under 20s team, to play in the Championship/PIL Development League.

Question: Which of the owner of Portstewart Football Club is a former Northern Ireland international footballer and manager?
Answer: Harry Gregg
Portugal
In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal established the first global maritime and commercial empire, becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers. During this period, today referred to as the Age of Discovery, Portuguese explorers pioneered maritime exploration, notably under royal patronage of Prince Henry the Navigator and King John II, with such notable voyages as Bartolomeu Dias' sailing beyond the Cape of Good Hope (1488), Vasco da Gama's discovery of the sea route to India (1497–98) and the European discovery of what would become Brazil (1500). During this time Portugal monopolized the spice trade, divided the world into hemispheres of dominion with Castile, and the empire expanded with military campaigns in Asia. However, events such as the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the country's occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of Brazil (1822) erased to a great extent Portugal's prior opulence.

Question: In which centuries did Portugal establish the first global empire?
Answer: 15th and 16th centuries
Cork (city)
Cork was originally a monastic settlement, reputedly founded by Saint Finbarr in the 6th century. Cork became (more) urbanised some point between 915 and 922 when Norseman (Viking) settlers founded a trading port. It has been proposed that, like Dublin, Cork was an important trading centre in the global Scandinavian trade network. The ecclesiastical settlement continued alongside the Viking "longphort", with the two developing a type of symbiotic relationship; the Norsemen providing otherwise unobtainable trade goods for the monastery, and perhaps also military aid.

Question: Who was thought to have founded Cork?
Answer: Saint Finbarr
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north, while Generals Bradley (12th U.S. Army Group) and Devers (Sixth U.S. Army Group) insisted they be given priority in the center and south of the front (respectively). Eisenhower worked tirelessly to address the demands of the rival commanders to optimize Allied forces, often by giving them tactical latitude; many historians conclude this delayed the Allied victory in Europe. However, due to Eisenhower's persistence, the pivotal supply port at Antwerp was successfully, albeit belatedly, opened in late 1944.

Question: Who was the Sixth US Army Group's commander?
Answer: Devers
James Baldwin
James Arthur Baldwin (August 2, 1924 – December 1, 1987) was an American novelist, playwright, essayist, poet, and activist. His essays, as collected in "Notes of a Native Son" (1955), explore intricacies of racial, sexual, and class distinctions in Western society, most notably in regard to the mid-twentieth-century United States. Some of Baldwin's essays are book-length, including "The Fire Next Time" (1963), "No Name in the Street" (1972), and "The Devil Finds Work" (1976). An unfinished manuscript, "Remember This House", was expanded and adapted for cinema as the Academy Award–nominated documentary film "I Am Not Your Negro" (2016). One of his novels, "If Beale Street Could Talk", was adapted into an Academy-Award-winning dramatic film of the same name in 2018, directed and produced by Barry Jenkins.
The Amen Corner
The Amen Corner is a three-act play by James Baldwin. It was Baldwin's first attempt at theater following the success of "Go Tell It on the Mountain." It was first published in 1954, and inspired a short-lived 1983 Broadway musical adaptation with the slightly truncated title, "Amen Corner". The play was revived at the Royal National Theatre in London in the summer of 2013.

Question: In what work are the essays of the author of The Amen Corner collected?
Answer: Notes of a Native Son
Dutch language
Dutch is written using the Latin script. Dutch uses one additional character beyond the standard alphabet, the digraph IJ. It has a relatively high proportion of doubled letters, both vowels and consonants, due to the formation of compound words and also to the spelling devices for distinguishing the many vowel sounds in the Dutch language. An example of five consecutive doubled letters is the word "voorraaddoos" (food storage container). The diaeresis (Dutch: "trema") is used to mark vowels that are pronounced separately when involving a pre- or suffix, and a hyphen is used when the problem occurs in compound words. For example; ""be"ïnvloed" (influenced), de zee"ën" (the seas) but "zee-eend" (scoter; litt: sea duck). Generally, other diacritical marks occur only in loanwords. However, the acute accent can also be used for emphasis or to differentiate between two forms, and its most common use is to differentiate between the indefinite article 'een' /ən/ (a, an) and the numeral 'één' /e:n/ (one).

Question: What is an example of a Dutch word that has double vowels or consonants five times in a row?
Answer: voorraaddoos
Samuel Alito
Samuel Anthony Alito Jr. ( ; born April 1, 1950) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was nominated by President George W. Bush on October 31, 2005 and has served since January 31, 2006.
Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp.
Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp., 567 U.S. 142 (2012), is a US labor law case of the United States Supreme Court. It held that pharmaceutical sales representatives were not eligible for overtime pay. The court ruled in a majority opinion written by Justice Samuel Alito that sales representatives were classified as "outside salesmen" who are exempt from the Department of Labor's regulations regarding overtime pay.

Question: Who nominated the justice who wrote the majority opinion in the Supreme Court case Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp?
Answer: President George W. Bush
Supreme court
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the Republic of Ireland. It has authority to interpret the constitution, and strike down laws and activities of the state that it finds to be unconstitutional. It is also the highest authority in the interpretation of the law. Constitutionally it must have authority to interpret the constitution but its further appellate jurisdiction from lower courts is defined by law. The Irish Supreme Court consists of its presiding member, the Chief Justice, and seven other judges. Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President in accordance with the binding advice of the Government. The Supreme Court sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.

Question: Besides chief justice, how many other judges sit on Ireland's Supreme Court?
Answer: seven other judges
Shannon Elizabeth
Shannon Elizabeth Fadal (born (1973--) 7, 1973 ) is an American actress and former fashion model. Elizabeth has appeared in comedy films such as "American Pie", "Scary Movie" and "Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back". She has also appeared in horror films such as "Jack Frost", "Thirteen Ghosts", "Cursed", and "Night of the Demons". She was described as a sex symbol for her role in the 1999 comedy film "American Pie". She also had a cameo in the film "Love Actually" and in "Catch a Christmas Star" in which she sings for the first time on camera.
Love Actually
Love Actually is a 2003 Christmas-themed romantic comedy film written and directed by Richard Curtis. It features an ensemble cast, composed predominantly of British actors, many of whom had worked with Curtis in previous film and television projects. Mostly filmed on location in London, the screenplay delves into different aspects of love as shown through ten separate stories involving a wide variety of individuals, many of whom are shown to be interlinked as the tales progress. The story begins five weeks before Christmas and is played out in a weekly countdown until the holiday, followed by an epilogue that takes place one month later.

Question: What song did Shannon Elizabeth Fadal sing in London?
Answer: Catch a Christmas Star
Anti-aircraft warfare
Unlike the heavier guns, these smaller weapons are in widespread use due to their low cost and ability to quickly follow the target. Classic examples of autocannons and large calibre guns are the 40 mm autocannon and the 8.8 cm FlaK 18, 36 gun, both designed by Bofors of Sweden. Artillery weapons of this sort have for the most part been superseded by the effective surface-to-air missile systems that were introduced in the 1950s, although they were still retained by many nations. The development of surface-to-air missiles began in Nazi Germany during the late World War II with missiles such as the Wasserfall, though no working system was deployed before the war's end, and represented new attempts to increase effectiveness of the anti-aircraft systems faced with growing threat from bombers. Land-based SAMs can be deployed from fixed installations or mobile launchers, either wheeled or tracked. The tracked vehicles are usually armoured vehicles specifically designed to carry SAMs.

Question: When were the surface-to-air missile systems introduced?
Answer: 1950s
The Christmas Spirit
The Christmas Spirit is the first Christmas album and seventeenth album by country singer Johnny Cash, released on Columbia Records in November 1963. It contains four original Christmas songs written by Cash and eight tracks originally penned by other artists, including "Blue Christmas" (at this point best known through the version recorded by Cash's former Sun Records labelmate Elvis Presley), "Silent Night" and "Little Drummer Boy".
Blue Christmas (song)
"Blue Christmas" is a Christmas song written by Billy Hayes and Jay W. Johnson and most famously performed by Elvis Presley; it was first recorded by Doye O'Dell in 1948. It is a tale of unrequited love during the holidays and is a longstanding staple of Christmas music, especially in the country genre.

Question: What Christmas song written by Billy Hayes and Jay W. Johnson and most famously performed by Elvis Presley, was released on the first Christmas album and seventeenth album by country singer Johnny Cash?
Answer: Blue Christmas
Chris Browning
Chris Browning (born January 1, 1964) is an American television and film actor, known for character roles, specializing in more tough and rugged types. However, recent roles have been clean-cut, family-man roles, such as the scientist, Jake, on The CW's "The 100", or the ill-equipped father in the Mark Cartier film, "Lift Me Up".
Beneath the Dark
Beneath the Dark is a 2010 American mystery-thriller film directed by Chad Feehan, and starring Josh Stewart, Jamie-Lynn Sigler and Chris Browning.

Question: Who directed the 2010 film that starred the actor that played the scientist Jake on the CW's "The 100"?
Answer: Chad Feehan
The Magician (2015 film)
The Magician (; lit. "Joseon Magician") is a 2015 South Korean period fantasy film directed by Kim Dae-seung. The film was released in December 2015.
Yoo Seung-ho
Yoo Seung-ho (; born August 17, 1993) is a South Korean actor who rose to fame as a child actor in the film "The Way Home" (2002). Since then, he has starred in many television series and movie films as a child and teenager.
Yoo Seung-ho
After his two-year mandatory military service, he starred in the legal drama "Remember" (2015), historical films "Joseon Magician" (2015) and "" (2016) as well as historical drama "" (2017), romance comedy series "I'm Not a Robot" (2017), and SBS's high school drama "My Strange Hero" (2018).

Question: What actor born in 1993 starred in a 2015 South Korean period fantasy film directed by Kim Dae-seung?
Answer: Yoo Seung-ho
Gil Scott-Heron
Gilbert Scott-Heron (April 1, 1949 – May 27, 2011) was an American soul and jazz poet, musician, and author, known primarily for his work as a spoken-word performer in the 1970s and 1980s. His collaborative efforts with musician Brian Jackson featured a musical fusion of jazz, blues, and soul, as well as lyrical content concerning social and political issues of the time, delivered in both rapping and melismatic vocal styles by Scott-Heron. His own term for himself was "bluesologist," which he defined as "a scientist who is concerned with the origin of the blues."
Gil Scott-Heron
His music, most notably on the albums "Pieces of a Man" and "Winter in America" in the early 1970s, influenced and foreshadowed later African-American music genres such as hip hop and neo soul. Scott-Heron is considered by many to be the first rapper/MC ever. His recording work received much critical acclaim, especially one of his best-known compositions, "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised". AllMusic's John Bush called him "one of the most important progenitors of rap music," stating that "his aggressive, no-nonsense street poetry inspired a legion of intelligent rappers while his engaging songwriting skills placed him square in the R&B charts later in his career."
The First Minute of a New Day
The First Minute of a New Day is an album by American vocalist Gil Scott-Heron, keyboardist Brian Jackson, and the Midnight Band—an eight-piece musical ensemble. It was released in January 1975 on Arista Records. Recording sessions for the album took place in the summer of 1974 at D&B Sound in Silver Spring, Maryland. It was the follow-up to Scott-Heron's and Jackson's critically acclaimed collaboration effort "Winter in America". "The First Minute of a New Day" was the first album to feature "Winter in America", the title track of Scott-Heron's previous album which was not featured on its original LP release. The album was reissued on compact disc by Scott-Heron's label Rumal-Gia Records in 1998.

Question: The First Minute of a New Day is an album by a musician that died in what year?
Answer: 2011
Jawani Phir Nahi Ani
Jawani Phir Nahi Ani (), sometimes abbreviated as JPNA is a 2015 Pakistani adventure comedy film directed by Nadeem Baig. It was co-produced by Humayun Saeed, Salman Iqbal and Shahzad Nasib at Saeed's production house, Six Sigma Plus. It is the first installment in the "Jawani Phir Nahi Ani" film series, The film stars Humayun Saeed, Hamza Ali Abbasi, Ahmad Ali Butt, Vasay Chaudhry, Mehwish Hayat and Sohai Ali Abro. The supporting cast includes Jawed Sheikh, Ismail Tara, Bushra Ansari, Ayesha Khan, Sarwat Gillani and Uzma Khan. The film is about a single man who is a divorce lawyer. He takes his three married friends on a trip to help them escape their wives and the monotony of their lives.
Hamza Ali Abbasi
Hamza Ali Abbasi (Urdu/ ; born 23 June 1984) is a Pakistani film and television actor and director. He is known for his roles as Afzal in the drama serial "Pyarey Afzal", and as Salahuddin in the drama serial "Mann Mayal". 
Hamza Ali Abbasi
Abbasi began his acting career in 2006 in the play "Dally in the Dark", which was produced by Shah Shahrahbeel. He made his film debut in a short film, "The Glorious Resolve" (2010), directed by Bilal Lashari. In 2013, he appeared in two feature films, "Main Hoon Shahid Afridi" and "Waar", for which he received the Best Star Debut Male and Best Supporting Actor awards at the 1st ARY Film Awards.

Question: Jawani Phir Nahi Ani stars the actor who is known for his role as whom in the serial "Pyarey Afzal"?
Answer: Afzal
Joe Buck
Joseph Francis Buck (born April 25, 1969) is an American sportscaster and the son of sportscaster Jack Buck. He has won numerous Sports Emmy Awards for his work with Fox Sports, including his roles as lead play-by-play announcer for the network's National Football League and Major League Baseball coverage, and is a three-time recipient of the National Sportscaster of the Year award. Since 1996, he has served as the play-by-play announcer for the World Series, each year, with the exceptions of 1997 and 1999. He was the former host of "Undeniable with Joe Buck" on Audience Network.
Bob Buck
Robert Buck (1938 – January 22, 1996) was an American sportscaster and sports director. He was the younger brother of late St. Louis Cardinals radio broadcaster Jack Buck, and was the uncle of national television sportscaster Joe Buck.

Question: Bob Buck's nephew was the recipient of the National Sportscaster of the Year award how many times?
Answer: three-time
Jerry Belson
Jerry Belson (July 8, 1938 – October 10, 2006) was a writer, director, and producer of Hollywood films for over forty years.
James Frawley
James Joseph Frawley (September 29, 1936 – January 22, 2019) was an American director and actor. He was a member of the Actors Studio since around 1961. He was best known for directing "The Muppet Movie" (1979) and "The Monkees" television series.

Question: James Frawley and Jerry Belson, have which mutual occupation?
Answer: director
Internet service provider
Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to.

Question: Who does an ISP pay for internet access?
Answer: upstream ISPs
Fairground (song)
"Fairground" is a 1995 single released by British soul and pop band Simply Red from the album "Life". The song is co-written by frontman Mick Hucknall and makes extensive use of a sample of Dutch duo The Goodmen's 1993 hit "Give It Up". "Fairground" became Simply Red's first and only number-one single on the UK Singles Chart, staying at the top for four weeks in September and October 1995. It became a chart hit in mainland Europe and Australia but failed to generate success in the United States or Canada.
Simply Red
Simply Red are a British soul and pop band which formed in Manchester in 1985. The lead vocalist of the band is singer and songwriter Mick Hucknall, who, by the time the band initially disbanded in 2010, was the only original member left. Since the release of their debut studio album "Picture Book" (1985), they have had ten songs reach top 10 in the UK Singles Chart, including "Holding Back the Years" and "If You Don't Know Me by Now", both of which reached number one on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. They have had five number one albums in the UK, with their 1991 album, "Stars", being one of the best-selling albums in UK chart history.

Question: "Fairground" is a 1995 single released by Simply Red from the album "Life", Simply Red are a British soul and pop band which formed in which year, in Manchester?
Answer: 1985
Child labour
Biggeri and Mehrotra have studied the macroeconomic factors that encourage child labour. They focus their study on five Asian nations including India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Thailand and Philippines. They suggest that child labour is a serious problem in all five, but it is not a new problem. Macroeconomic causes encouraged widespread child labour across the world, over most of human history. They suggest that the causes for child labour include both the demand and the supply side. While poverty and unavailability of good schools explain the child labour supply side, they suggest that the growth of low-paying informal economy rather than higher paying formal economy is amongst the causes of the demand side. Other scholars too suggest that inflexible labour market, size of informal economy, inability of industries to scale up and lack of modern manufacturing technologies are major macroeconomic factors affecting demand and acceptability of child labour.

Question: Is child labour a new issue in these Asian countries?
Answer: not a new problem
High-definition television
HDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the early 1990s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Field testing of HDTV at 199 sites in the United States was completed August 14, 1994. The first public HDTV broadcast in the United States occurred on July 23, 1996 when the Raleigh, North Carolina television station WRAL-HD began broadcasting from the existing tower of WRAL-TV southeast of Raleigh, winning a race to be first with the HD Model Station in Washington, D.C., which began broadcasting July 31, 1996 with the callsign WHD-TV, based out of the facilities of NBC owned and operated station WRC-TV. The American Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) HDTV system had its public launch on October 29, 1998, during the live coverage of astronaut John Glenn's return mission to space on board the Space Shuttle "Discovery". The signal was transmitted coast-to-coast, and was seen by the public in science centers, and other public theaters specially equipped to receive and display the broadcast.

Question: What does ATSC stand for?
Answer: Advanced Television Systems Committee
Freemasonry
At the dawn of the Grand Lodge era, during the 1720s, James Anderson composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasons, the basis for most subsequent constitutions, which specifically excluded women from Freemasonry. As Freemasonry spread, continental masons began to include their ladies in Lodges of Adoption, which worked three degrees with the same names as the men's but different content. The French officially abandoned the experiment in the early 19th century. Later organisations with a similar aim emerged in the United States, but distinguished the names of the degrees from those of male masonry.

Question: When was the idea of the Lodges for Adoption abandoned?
Answer: early 19th century
Southampton
Other major employers in the city include Ordnance Survey, the UK's national mapping agency, whose headquarters is located in a new building on the outskirts of the city, opened in February 2011. The Lloyd's Register Group has announced plans to move its London marine operations to a specially developed site at the University of Southampton.

Question: What's the name of the UK's national mapping agency?
Answer: Ordnance Survey
Eswatini
Eighty-three percent of the total population adheres to Christianity in Eswatini. Anglican, Protestant and indigenous African churches, including African Zionist, constitute the majority of Christians (40%), followed by Roman Catholicism at 6% of the population. On 18 July 2012, Ellinah Wamukoya, was elected "Anglican Bishop of Swaziland", becoming the first woman to be a bishop in Africa. Fifteen percent of the population follows traditional religions; other non-Christian religions practised in the country include Islam (2%), the Bahá'í Faith (0.5%), and Hinduism (0.2%). There were 14 Jewish families in 2013.

Question: How many Jewish families are there in Swaziland?
Answer: 14
Oslo Opera House
The Oslo Opera House ( ) is the home of the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, and the national opera theatre in Norway. The building is situated in the Bjørvika neighbourhood of central Oslo, at the head of the Oslofjord. It is operated by Statsbygg, the government agency which manages property for the Norwegian government. The structure contains 1,100 rooms in a total area of 49000 m2 . The main auditorium seats 1,364 and two other performance spaces can seat 200 and 400. The main stage is 16 m wide and 40 m deep. The angled exterior surfaces of the building are covered with marble from Carrara, Italy and white granite and make it appear to rise from the water. It is the largest cultural building constructed in Norway since Nidarosdomen was completed circa 1300.
She Lies
She Lies ( ) is a public sculpture by Monica Bonvicini made of stainless steel and glass panels measuring approximately 12 m by 17 m by 16 m next to the Oslo Opera House, in Norway.

Question: She Lies is a sculpture next to the opera house that is a home to what group?
Answer: Norwegian National Opera and Ballet
American Idol
23-year-old Candice Glover won the season with Kree Harrison taking the runner-up spot. Glover is the first female to win "American Idol" since Jordin Sparks. Glover released "I Am Beautiful" as a single while Harrison released "All Cried Out" immediately after the show. Glover sold poorly with her debut album, and this is also the first season that the runner-up was not signed by a music label.

Question: Who was the runner up?
Answer: Kree Harrison
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
On 25 January 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Russian Soviet Republic. On 3 March 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to the German Empire (Germany), in exchange for peace on the Eastern Front of World War I. On 10 July 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.

Question: What war resulted in Russia shrinking further during 1918?
Answer: the Russian Civil War
Mike Farrell
Michael Joseph Farrell Jr. (born February 6, 1939) is an American actor, best known for his role as Captain B.J. Hunnicutt on the television series "M*A*S*H" (1975–83). He is also an activist and public speaker for various political causes.
Dayton's Devils
Dayton's Devils is a 1968 crime film starring Rory Calhoun and Leslie Nielsen. It marked the film debut of Lainie Kazan and Rigg Kennedy.
Dayton's Devils
Frank Dayton (Leslie Nielsen) leads a group of crooks in a caper to steal $2,500,000 from an Air Force base. Dayton is the tough-guy military leader who recruits Mike (Rory Calhoun), ex-Nazi Max (Hans Gudegast), sadistic killer Barney Barry (Barry Sadler), and failed French artist Claude (Pat Renella) in the scheme. Singer Lainie Kazan plays the romantic interest for Dayton as the nightclub songbird Leda.

Question: For what role, is the actor best known, who made a cameo appearance in the film Dayton's Devils ? 
Answer: Captain B.J. Hunnicutt
Medicine River
Medicine River is a novel written by author Thomas King. It was first published by Viking Canada in 1989. The book was later adapted (1993) into a television movie starring Graham Greene and Tom Jackson.
Tom Jackson (actor)
Thomas Dale Jackson, OC, (born 27 October 1948) is a Canadian-born actor and singer. He created and starred in an annual series of Christmas concerts called the Huron Carole for 18 years. He was the Chancellor of Trent University from 2009 until 2013. He played Billy Twofeathers on "Shining Time Station" and Peter Kenidi on "North of 60".

Question: The book Medicine River was adapted into a movie that starred what Canadian-born Metis actor and singer who was the Chancellor of Trent University from 2009 until 2013?
Answer: Thomas Dale Jackson
Anthropology
Ethnohistory is the study of ethnographic cultures and indigenous customs by examining historical records. It is also the study of the history of various ethnic groups that may or may not exist today. Ethnohistory uses both historical and ethnographic data as its foundation. Its historical methods and materials go beyond the standard use of documents and manuscripts. Practitioners recognize the utility of such source material as maps, music, paintings, photography, folklore, oral tradition, site exploration, archaeological materials, museum collections, enduring customs, language, and place names.

Question: Who recognizes the utility of music, folkore and language?
Answer: Practitioners
LaserDisc
To view MUSE encoded discs, it was necessary to have a MUSE decoder in addition to a compatible player. There are televisions with MUSE decoding built-in and set top tuners with decoders that can provide the proper MUSE input. Equipment prices were high, especially for early HDTVs which generally eclipsed US$10,000, and even in Japan the market for MUSE was tiny. Players and discs were never officially sold in North America, although several distributors imported MUSE discs along with other import titles. "", "Lawrence of Arabia", "A League of Their Own", "Bugsy", "Close Encounters of the Third Kind", "Bram Stoker's Dracula" and "Chaplin" were among the theatrical releases available on MUSE LDs. Several documentaries, including one about Formula One at Japan's Suzuka Circuit were also released.

Question: Did MUSE have a large or small target market, even in Japan?
Answer: tiny