qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
The Blitz
According to Anna Freud and Edward Glover, London civilians surprisingly did not suffer from widespread shell shock, unlike the soldiers in the Dunkirk evacuation. The psychoanalysts were correct, and the special network of psychiatric clinics opened to receive mental casualties of the attacks closed due to lack of need. Although the stress of the war resulted in many anxiety attacks, eating disorders, fatigue, weeping, miscarriages, and other physical and mental ailments, society did not collapse. The number of suicides and drunkenness declined, and London recorded only about two cases of "bomb neurosis" per week in the first three months of bombing. Many civilians found that the best way to retain mental stability was to be with family, and after the first few weeks of bombing, avoidance of the evacuation programmes grew.

Question: Anne Freud and Edward Glover said London civilians did not suffer from what?
Answer: widespread shell shock
Galicia (Spain)
The first railway line in Galicia was inaugurated 15 September 1873. It ran from O Carril, Vilagarcía da Arousa to Cornes, Conxo, Santiago de Compostela. A second line was inaugurated in 1875, connecting A Coruña and Lugo. In 1883, Galicia was first connected by rail to the rest of Spain, by way of O Barco de Valdeorras. Galicia today has roughly 1100 km of rail lines. Several lines operated by Adif and Renfe Operadora connect all the important Galician cities. A line operated by FEVE connects Ferrol to Ribadeo and Oviedo. An electrified line is the Ponferrada-Monforte de Lemos-Ourense-Vigo line. Several high-speed rail lines are under construction. Among these are the Olmedo-Zamora-Galicia high-speed rail line that opened partly in 2011, and the AVE Atlantic Axis route, which will connect all of the major Galician Atlantic coast cities A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela, Pontevedra and Vigo to Portugal. Another projected AVE line will connect Ourense to Pontevedra and Vigo.

Question: What is the name of its only electrified railway?
Answer: Ponferrada-Monforte de Lemos-Ourense-Vigo
Elizabeth II
According to Paul Martin Sr., by the end of the 1970s the Queen was worried the Crown "had little meaning for" Pierre Trudeau, the Canadian prime minister. Tony Benn said the Queen found Trudeau "rather disappointing". Trudeau's supposed republicanism seemed to be confirmed by his antics, such as sliding down banisters at Buckingham Palace and pirouetting behind the Queen's back in 1977, and the removal of various Canadian royal symbols during his term of office. In 1980, Canadian politicians sent to London to discuss the patriation of the Canadian constitution found the Queen "better informed ... than any of the British politicians or bureaucrats". She was particularly interested after the failure of Bill C-60, which would have affected her role as head of state. Patriation removed the role of the British parliament from the Canadian constitution, but the monarchy was retained. Trudeau said in his memoirs that the Queen favoured his attempt to reform the constitution and that he was impressed by "the grace she displayed in public" and "the wisdom she showed in private".

Question: What was retained in the constitution?
Answer: monarchy
Moharam Khan Nasiri
Hajji Moharam Khan Nasiri is a member of the Meshrano Jirga, the upper house of Afghanistan's National Assembly, for Laghman Province.
Laghman Province
Laghman (Pashto/Persian: لغمان) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It has a population of about 445,600, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. The city of Mihtarlam serves as the capital of the province. In some historical texts the name is written as "Lamghan" or as "Lamghanat".

Question: What is the capital of the province represented by Hajji Moharam Khan Nasiri in  Afghanistan's National Assembly?
Answer: Mihtarlam
Estonian language
Estonian ( ] ( ) ) is a Uralic language of the Finnic branch spoken in Estonia. It is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people; 922,000 people in Estonia and 160,000 outside Estonia. It is a Southern Finnic language and is the second-most-spoken language among all the Finnic languages.
Estonian language
Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family.The Finnic group also includes Finnish and a few minority languages spoken around the Baltic Sea and in Saint-Petersburg and Karelian region in Russia.

Question: What branch of the Uralic language family does Estonian belong to?
Answer: Finnic
Turner Classic Movies
Every December, a longer, more inclusive "TCM Remembers" interstitial is produced that honors all of the noted film personalities who died during the past year, interspersed with scenes from settings such as an abandoned drive-in (2012) or a theatre which is closing down and is being dismantled (2013). Since 2001, the soundtracks for these clipreels have been introspective melodies by indie artists and/or singer-songwriters such as Badly Drawn Boy (2007) or Steve Earle (2009). 2015's song, "Quickly Now", was written especially for "TCM Remembers" by Chuck Moore and Reid Hall, and sung by Eryn McHugh.

Question: Who provided the soundtrack for the longer TCM Remembers episode in 2009?
Answer: Steve Earle
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
During his journey, Link also finds Ordon Village's children and assists the monkeys of Faron, the Gorons of Eldin, and the Zoras of Lanayru. After restoring the Light Spirits and obtaining the Fused Shadows, Link and Midna are ambushed by Zant, who takes the fragments. Midna calls him out for abusing his tribe's magic, but Zant reveals his power comes from another source, and uses it to revert Link to his wolf state. Failing to seduce Midna into joining forces with him, Zant leaves her to die by exposing her to the light. Bringing a dying Midna to Zelda, Link learns from her that he needs the Master Sword to lift Zant's curse, and she proceeds to sacrifice herself to heal Midna, vanishing mysteriously. Moved by Zelda's selflessness, Midna begins to care more about Link and the fate of the light world.

Question: What does Link help Midna find?
Answer: Fused Shadows
Kate Gosselin
Katie Irene "Kate" Gosselin (née Kreider; born March 28, 1975) is an American television personality. She achieved national and international recognition on the US reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8," in which she and Jon Gosselin were profiled as they raised their atypical family of sextuplets and twins.
Jon Gosselin
Jonathan Keith Gosselin (born April 1, 1977) is an American television personality, previously known for his appearances with former wife Kate Gosselin and their eight children on the American reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8".

Question: Who is the ex-husband of Kate Gosselin, star of the reality show "Jon and Kate plus 8"?
Answer: Jon Gosselin
Korean War
As soon as word of the attack was received, Acheson informed President Truman that the North Koreans had invaded South Korea. Truman and Acheson discussed a US invasion response and agreed that the US was obligated to act, paralleling the North Korean invasion with Adolf Hitler's aggressions in the 1930s, with the conclusion being that the mistake of appeasement must not be repeated. Several US industries were mobilized to supply materials, labor, capital, production facilities, and other services necessary to support the military objectives of the Korean War. However, President Truman later acknowledged that he believed fighting the invasion was essential to the US goal of the global containment of communism as outlined in the National Security Council Report 68 (NSC 68) (declassified in 1975):

Question: What report discussed the United States's goals for containing communism?
Answer: National Security Council Report 68
Kate Bush
Catherine Bush (born 30 July 1958 ) is an English singer, dancer, songwriter, and record producer. In 1978, aged 19, she topped the UK Singles Chart for four weeks with her debut single "Wuthering Heights", becoming the first female artist to achieve a UK number one with a self-written song. She has since released 25 UK Top 40 singles, including the Top 10 hits "The Man with the Child in His Eyes", "Babooshka", "Running Up That Hill", "Don't Give Up" (a duet with Peter Gabriel), and "King of the Mountain". All 10 of her studio albums reached the UK Top 10, including the UK number-one albums "Never for Ever" (1980), "Hounds of Love" (1985), and the compilation "The Whole Story" (1986). She was the first British solo female artist to top the UK album charts and the first female artist to enter the album chart at number one.
Larry Adler
Lawrence Cecil Adler (February 10, 1914 – August 6, 2001) was an American harmonica player. Known for playing major works, he played compositions by Ralph Vaughan Williams, Malcolm Arnold, Darius Milhaud and Arthur Benjamin. During his later career he collaborated with Sting, Elton John, Kate Bush and Cerys Matthews.

Question: What was the debut single of the "Babooshka" singer and Larry Adler collaborator?
Answer: Wuthering Heights
Sevastopol
Sevastopol (Ukrainian, Russian: Севастополь; ) is the largest city on the Crimean Peninsula and a major Black Sea port. Since the Annexation of Crimea in 2014, Sevastopol has been administered as federal city of the Russian Federation. Nevertheless, Ukraine and majority of the United Nations member countries continue to regard Sevastopol as a city with special status within Ukraine. The city has a Russian majority population, with smaller minorities of Ukrainians and Crimean Tatars.
MS Vereshchagino
MV "Vereshchagino" is a Ukrainian, former Soviet medium trawler (seiner to be exact), built in 1978 and later converted to coastal passenger shipping. It was one of 345 ships of "Vasily Yakovenko" (project 502EM) class, which was built in Kiev from 1971 to 2000. On April 24, 2000, "Vereshchagino" survived a direct hit by a P-35 Progress anti-ship missile fired by Russian Navy from Sevastopol. There were no fatalities, one seaman was wounded by splinters.

Question: "Vereshchagino" survived a direct hit by a P-35 Progress anti-ship missile fired by Russian Navy from a city located on which peninsula ?
Answer: the Crimean Peninsula
Financial crisis of 2007–2008
As financial assets became more complex and harder to value, investors were reassured by the fact that the international bond rating agencies and bank regulators accepted as valid some complex mathematical models that showed the risks were much smaller than they actually were. George Soros commented that "The super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks and started relying on the risk management methods of the banks themselves. Similarly, the rating agencies relied on the information provided by the originators of synthetic products. It was a shocking abdication of responsibility."

Question: Who did rating agencies rely on for information to rate financial innovation products?
Answer: the originators of synthetic products
Super Nintendo Entertainment System
U.S. Senators Herb Kohl and Joe Lieberman convened a Congressional hearing on December 9, 1993, to investigate the marketing of violent video games to children. Though Nintendo took the high ground with moderate success, the hearings led to the creation of the Interactive Digital Software Association and the Entertainment Software Rating Board and the inclusion of ratings on all video games. With these ratings in place, Nintendo decided its censorship policies were no longer needed.

Question: What regulatory change did the hearing about video game violence in 1993 lead to?
Answer: the inclusion of ratings on all video games
Gotta Find Me a Lover (24 Hours a Day)
"Gotta Find Me a Lover (24 Hours a Day)" is a song that became a hit on Billboard's R&B chart in 1969, reaching #40, for Erma Franklin. It was written by Carl Davis and Eugene Record. The song was Franklin's last R&B hit. It was Brunswick # 55403.
Erma Franklin
Erma Vernice Franklin (March 13, 1938 – September 7, 2002) was an American gospel and soul singer. Franklin was the elder sister of American singer/musician Aretha Franklin. Franklin's best known recording was the original version of "Piece of My Heart", written and produced by Bert Berns, and recorded in 1967, for which she was nominated for a Grammy Award. A cover version of the same song was recorded the following year by Big Brother and the Holding Company, with the lead vocal by Janis Joplin.

Question: Which famous person is the sister of the singer who released "Piece of My Heart" and "Gotta Find Me a Lover"?
Answer: Aretha Franklin
Burden of Dreams
Burden of Dreams is a 1982 "making-of" documentary film directed by Les Blank, shot during and about the chaotic production of Werner Herzog's 1982 film "Fitzcarraldo", and filmed on location in the jungles of Peru.
The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg
The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg is a 1998 documentary film written, directed, and produced by Aviva Kempner about Hank Greenberg, first baseman of the Detroit Tigers, who was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. A Jewish player who chose not to play on Yom Kippur in 1934 during a heated pennant race, Greenberg had to face a great deal of antisemitism. In 1938 he nearly broke Babe Ruth's 60 home run record by hitting 58 home runs.
The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg
Like many players of the era, Greenberg had his career interrupted by military service during World War II. Initially, Greenberg was classified as unfit for service due to flat feet. However, upon re-examination, he was cleared. Before Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States Congress had released men over age 28. After the attack, Greenberg immediately reenlisted in the United States Army Air Forces.

Question: In what year was the earlier of these two documentaries produced: The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg or Burden of Dreams?  
Answer: 1982
Hottonia
Hottonia is a genus of aquatic flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. It comprises two species, both of which are known by the common name featherfoil:
Delphinium
Delphinium is a genus of about 300 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa. The genus was erected by Carl Linnaeus.
Delphinium
All members of the genus "Delphinium" are toxic to humans and livestock. The common name "larkspur" is shared between perennial "Delphinium" species and annual species of the genus "Consolida". Molecular data show that "Consolida", as well as another segregate genus, "Aconitella", are both embedded in "Delphinium".

Question: Are Hottonia and Delphinium both genera of plants?
Answer: yes
Bugs Bunny
Bugs Bunny is an animated cartoon character, created in the late 1930s by Leon Schlesinger Productions (later Warner Bros. Cartoons) and voiced originally by Mel Blanc. Bugs is best known for his starring roles in the "Looney Tunes" and "Merrie Melodies" series of animated short films, produced by Warner Bros. Though a similar character called Happy Rabbit debuted in the WB cartoon "Porky's Hare Hunt" (1938) and appeared in a few subsequent shorts, the definitive character of Bugs is widely credited to have made his debut in director Tex Avery's Oscar-nominated film "A Wild Hare" (1940).
Bugs Bunny
Bugs is an anthropomorphic gray and white rabbit or hare who is famous for his flippant, insouciant personality. He is also characterized by a Brooklyn accent, his portrayal as a trickster, and his catch phrase "Eh...What's up, doc?". Due to Bugs' popularity during the golden age of American animation, he became not only an American cultural icon and the official mascot of Warner Bros. Entertainment, but also one of the most recognizable characters in the world. He can thus be seen in the older Warner Bros. company logos.
Tortoise Wins by a Hare
Tortoise Wins by a Hare is a "Merrie Melodies" cartoon released on February 20, 1943 and directed by Bob Clampett. It stars Bugs Bunny and Cecil Turtle. Bob Clampett took Tex Avery's scenario from "Tortoise Beats Hare" and altered it for this film. The title is an appropriate pun on "hair". This is one of the first shorts to feature Robert McKimson's design of Bugs Bunny. A newspaper's front page (the "Chicago Sunday Tribunk") shown in this cartoon accurately predicts Adolf Hitler's suicide two years later.

Question: In what year was the rabbit in Tortoise Wins by a Hare originally created?
Answer: 1940
Marshall Islands
The Compact of Free Association with the United States gives the U.S. sole responsibility for international defense of the Marshall Islands. It gives islanders the right to emigrate to the United States and to work there.

Question: What nation is responsible for the defense of the Marshall Islands?
Answer: the U.S.
Fallout 4
Fallout 4 is an action role-playing game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks. It is the fourth main game in the "Fallout" series and was released worldwide on November 10, 2015, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. The game is set within an open world post-apocalyptic environment that encompasses the city of Boston and the surrounding Massachusetts region known as "The Commonwealth". The main story takes place in the year 2287, ten years after the events of "Fallout 3" and 210 years after "The Great War", which caused catastrophic nuclear devastation across the United States.
Brian T. Delaney
Brian T. Delaney is an American actor and voice actor, who provides the voice of the male Sole Survivor in "Fallout 4" and Master Mantis in the "Kung Fu Panda" games.

Question: Brian T. Delaney provides the voice to the male protagonist of what 2015 Bethesda Studios game?
Answer: Fallout 4
Joe C.
Joseph Calleja (November 9, 1974 – November 16, 2000), better known by his stage name Joe C., was an American rapper and musician, best known for being a hype man for fellow rapper Kid Rock.
Live Trucker
Live Trucker is a live album by Kid Rock and Twisted Brown Trucker (credited as The Twisted Brown Trucker Band). Released on February 28, 2006, the album comprises songs from Kid Rock's homestands of Clarkston (on September 1, 2000, and August 26 through August 28, 2004) and Detroit's Cobo Hall (March 26, 2004). The album contained the last two performances of Joe C. on "Devil Without a Cause" and "Early Mornin' Stoned Pimp" as well as Gretchen Wilson dueting on "Picture". Other highlights included "Only God Knows Why", the medley of "Somebody's Gotta Feel This" and "Fist of Rage," bridged together by Led Zeppelin's "Whole Lotta Love".

Question: What hype man was featured on Kid Rock's album Live Trucker?
Answer: Joe C.
Bartholomew Gosnold
Bartholomew Gosnold (1571 – 22 August 1607) was an English barrister, explorer, and privateer, who was instrumental in founding the Virginia Company of London, and Jamestown in colonial America. He led the first recorded European expedition to Cape Cod. He is considered by Preservation Virginia (formerly known as the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities) to be the "prime mover of the colonization of Virginia".
John Brereton
John Brereton ("c." 1571/1572 – "c." 1632) was a gentleman adventurer and chronicler of the 1602 voyage to the New World led by Bartholomew Gosnold.

Question: What gentleman adventurer and chronicled the 1602 voyage to the New World led by Bartholomew Gosnold (1571 – 22 August 1607) who was an English lawyer, explorer, and privateer who was instrumental in founding the Virginia Company of London, and Jamestown in colonial America?
Answer: John Brereton
Seattle
The city itself is hilly, though not uniformly so. Like Rome, the city is said to lie on seven hills; the lists vary but typically include Capitol Hill, First Hill, West Seattle, Beacon Hill, Queen Anne, Magnolia, and the former Denny Hill. The Wallingford, Delridge, Mount Baker, Seward Park, Washington Park, Broadmoor, Madrona, Phinney Ridge, Sunset Hill, Blue Ridge, Broadview, Laurelhurst, Hawthorne Hills, Maple Leaf, and Crown Hill neighborhoods are all located on hills as well. Many of the hilliest areas are near the city center, with Capitol Hill, First Hill, and Beacon Hill collectively constituting something of a ridge along an isthmus between Elliott Bay and Lake Washington. The break in the ridge between First Hill and Beacon Hill is man-made, the result of two of the many regrading projects that reshaped the topography of the city center. The topography of the city center was also changed by the construction of a seawall and the artificial Harbor Island (completed 1909) at the mouth of the city's industrial Duwamish Waterway, the terminus of the Green River. The highest point within city limits is at High Point in West Seattle, which is roughly located near 35th Ave SW and SW Myrtle St. Other notable hills include Crown Hill, View Ridge/Wedgwood/Bryant, Maple Leaf, Phinney Ridge, Mt. Baker Ridge, and Highlands/Carkeek/Bitterlake.

Question: Where was Harbor Island built?
Answer: Duwamish Waterway
Xbox 360
TechRadar deemed the Xbox 360 as the most influential game system through its emphasis of digital media distribution, Xbox Live online gaming service, and game achievement feature. During the console's lifetime, the Xbox brand has grown from gaming-only to encompassing all multimedia, turning it into a hub for "living-room computing environment". Five years after the Xbox 360's original debut, the well-received Kinect motion capture camera was released, which became the fastest selling consumer electronic device in history, and extended the life of the console.

Question: Besides it's features, what did Kinect do for the 360 in terms of sales?
Answer: extended the life of the console
Guinea-Bissau
The word "gumbe" is sometimes used generically, to refer to any music of the country, although it most specifically refers to a unique style that fuses about ten of the country's folk music traditions. Tina and tinga are other popular genres, while extent folk traditions include ceremonial music used in funerals, initiations, and other rituals, as well as Balanta brosca and kussundé, Mandinga djambadon, and the kundere sound of the Bissagos Islands.

Question: What is sometimes used as a generic word for any music of Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: gumbe
Age of Enlightenment
The first technical dictionary was drafted by John Harris and entitled "Lexicon Technicum: Or, An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences". Harris' book avoided theological and biographical entries and instead it concentrated on science and technology. Published in 1704, the "Lexicon technicum" was the first book to be written in English that took a methodical approach to describing mathematics and commercial arithmetic along with the physical sciences and navigation. Other technical dictionaries followed Harris' model, including Ephraim Chambers' "Cyclopaedia" (1728), which included five editions and was a substantially larger work than Harris'. The folio edition of the work even included foldout engravings. The "Cyclopaedia" emphasized Newtonian theories, Lockean philosophy and contained thorough examinations of technologies, such as engraving, brewing and dyeing. In Germany, practical reference works intended for the uneducated majority became popular in the 18th century. The "Marperger Curieuses Natur-, Kunst-, Berg-, Gewerkund Handlungs-Lexicon" (1712) explained terms that usefully described the trades and scientific and commercial education. "Jablonksi Allgemeines Lexicon" (1721) was better known than the "Handlungs-Lexicon" and underscored technical subjects rather than scientific theory. For example, over five columns of text were dedicated to wine while geometry and logic were allocated only twenty-two and seventeen lines, respectively. The first edition of the "Encyclopædia Britannica" (1771) was modelled along the same lines as the German lexicons.

Question: Did the Lexicon Technicum focus on theological and biographical entries or science and technology?
Answer: science and technology
Beyoncé
Described as being "sexy, seductive and provocative" when performing on stage, Beyoncé has said that she originally created the alter ego "Sasha Fierce" to keep that stage persona separate from who she really is. She described Sasha as being "too aggressive, too strong, too sassy [and] too sexy", stating, "I'm not like her in real life at all." Sasha was conceived during the making of "Crazy in Love", and Beyoncé introduced her with the release of her 2008 album, "I Am... Sasha Fierce". In February 2010, she announced in an interview with "Allure" magazine that she was comfortable enough with herself to no longer need Sasha Fierce. However, Beyoncé announced in May 2012 that she would bring her back for her "Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live" shows later that month.

Question: Later what did she say about Sasha?
Answer: she would bring her back
Burn (Ellie Goulding song)
"Burn" is a song by English singer Ellie Goulding from "Halcyon Days" (2013), the reissue of her second studio album, "Halcyon" (2012). The song was written by Ryan Tedder, Goulding, Greg Kurstin, Noel Zancanella and Brent Kutzle, while production was handled by Kurstin and vocal production was done by Tedder. It was released on 5 July 2013 as the lead single from the reissue. The song was originally recorded by British singer Leona Lewis for her third studio album, "Glassheart" (2012), but it was ultimately scrapped.
Glassheart
Glassheart is the third studio album by English singer Leona Lewis, released on 12 October 2012 by Syco Music and RCA Records. The album is Lewis' first under RCA Records after parent company Sony Music Entertainment closed J Records and relocated its artists. "Glassheart" was conceived in 2010 shortly after the completion of Lewis' first headline tour, The Labyrinth. Recording and production took place in Denver, Los Angeles and London; originally the album was due for release in November 2011 but was pushed back several times to accommodate new recording sessions and allow more creative time. The album was the first – and so far only – of Lewis' albums not released in North America.

Question: When does the album released for which the song "Burn" was originally recorded?
Answer: 12 October 2012
Chipper Jones
Larry Wayne "Chipper" Jones Jr. (born April 24, 1972) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player and current broadcast analyst. Jones was the Atlanta Braves' number one overall pick in the 1990 MLB draft and their primary third baseman from 1995 to 2012 (with the exception of 2002–2003 when he primarily played left field). He was also a member of their 1995 World Series championship that beat the Cleveland Indians. An eight-time All-Star, Jones won the 1999 National League (NL) Most Valuable Player Award and the 1999 and 2000 NL Silver Slugger Award for third basemen. He was the MLB batting champion in 2008 after hitting .364.
Chipper Jones
Jones ended his career in 2012 with a .303 career batting average, 468 home runs, and 1,623 RBI. He has the most career RBI for a third baseman and holds the Braves team record for career on-base percentage (.402); Jones ranks third on the Braves career home run list. He spent his entire 19-year MLB career and all 23 years as a professional baseball player in the Atlanta organization.
2012 National League Wild Card Game
The 2012 National League Wild Card Game was a play-in game during Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2012 postseason played between the National League's (NL) two wild card teams, the St. Louis Cardinals and the Atlanta Braves. It was held at Turner Field in Atlanta, on October 5, 2012, at 1:07 p.m. EDT. The Cardinals won by a 6–3 score and advanced to play the Washington Nationals in the NL Division Series. In addition to being the inaugural NL Wild Card Game, it is notable for being the final game of Chipper Jones's career, as well as for a controversial infield fly rule call made by umpire Sam Holbrook. The game was televised on TBS.

Question: What position did the player who's last game was the 2012 wild card game play?
Answer: third baseman
Princes in the Tower
The Princes in the Tower is an expression frequently used to refer to Edward V, King of England and Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York. The two brothers were the only sons of Edward IV, King of England and Elizabeth Woodville surviving at the time of their father's death in 1483. When they were 12 and 9 years old, respectively, they were lodged in the Tower of London by the man appointed to look after them, their uncle, the Lord Protector: Richard, Duke of Gloucester. This was supposedly in preparation for Edward's forthcoming coronation as king. However, before the young king could be crowned, he and his brother were declared illegitimate. Their uncle, Richard, ascended the throne.
Princes in the Tower
It is unclear what happened to the boys after the last recorded sighting of them in the tower. It is generally assumed that they were murdered; a common hypothesis is that they were killed by Richard in an attempt to secure his hold on the throne. Their deaths may have occurred sometime in 1483, but apart from their disappearance, the only evidence is circumstantial. As a result, several other hypotheses about their fates have been proposed, including the suggestion that they were murdered by Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham or Henry VII, among others. It has also been suggested that one or both princes may have escaped assassination. In 1487, Lambert Simnel initially claimed to be Richard, Duke of York, but later claimed to be Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick. From 1491 until his capture in 1497, Perkin Warbeck claimed to be Richard, Duke of York, having supposedly escaped to Flanders. Warbeck's claim was supported by some contemporaries (including the aunt of the disappeared princes, Margaret of York).
James Tyrrell
Sir James Tyrrell (c. 1455 – 6 May 1502) was an English knight, a trusted servant of king Richard III of England. He is known for allegedly confessing to the murders of the Princes in the Tower under Richard's orders. William Shakespeare portrays Tyrrell as the man who organises the princes' murder in his 1593 play "Richard III".

Question: What year was the murderer of the Princes in the Tower born?
Answer: 1455
Santa Monica, California
Douglas's business grew with the onset of World War II, employing as many as 44,000 people in 1943. To defend against air attack, set designers from the Warner Brothers Studios prepared elaborate camouflage that disguised the factory and airfield. The RAND Corporation began as a project of the Douglas Company in 1945, and spun off into an independent think tank on May 14, 1948. RAND acquired a 15-acre (61,000 m) campus between the Civic Center and the pier entrance.

Question: How many people did the company employ in 1943?
Answer: 44,000
Unicode
In terms of the newline, Unicode introduced and . This was an attempt to provide a Unicode solution to encoding paragraphs and lines semantically, potentially replacing all of the various platform solutions. In doing so, Unicode does provide a way around the historical platform dependent solutions. Nonetheless, few if any Unicode solutions have adopted these Unicode line and paragraph separators as the sole canonical line ending characters. However, a common approach to solving this issue is through newline normalization. This is achieved with the Cocoa text system in Mac OS X and also with W3C XML and HTML recommendations. In this approach every possible newline character is converted internally to a common newline (which one does not really matter since it is an internal operation just for rendering). In other words, the text system can correctly treat the character as a newline, regardless of the input's actual encoding.

Question: How does the newliine normallization format work? 
Answer: every possible newline character is converted internally to a common newline
American Airlines Group
American Airlines Group Inc. is an American publicly traded airline holding company headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas. It was formed on December 9, 2013, in the merger of AMR Corporation, the parent company of American Airlines, and US Airways Group, the parent company of US Airways. The airline groups together form the largest airline in the world, with more than 6,700 daily flights to 350 locations in 56 countries worldwide, about $40 billion in operating revenue, over 100,000 employees, and plans to take delivery of 607 new aircraft, including 517 narrowbody aircraft and 90 widebody international aircraft. The integration of American Airlines and US Airways was completed when the Federal Aviation Administration granted a single operating certificate for both carriers on April 8, 2015. The company ranked No. 68 in the 2019 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations based on its 2018 revenue.
American Airlines Group
In January 2012, US Airways Group, the parent company of US Airways, expressed interest in taking over AMR Corporation, the parent company of American Airlines. In March, AMR's CEO Tom Horton said that the company was open to a merger. US Airways (US) told some American Airlines (AA) creditors that merging the two carriers could yield more than $1.5 billion a year in added revenue and cost savings. On April 20, American Airlines' three unions said they supported a proposed merger between the two airlines. With AMR under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, American Airlines had been looking to merge with another airline. Earlier in July, a bankruptcy court filing stated that US Airways was an American Airlines creditor and "prospective merger partner"; on August 31, US Airways CEO Doug Parker announced that American Airlines and US Airways had signed a nondisclosure agreement, in which they would discuss the possibility of a merger.
Envoy Air
Envoy Air Inc. (formerly American Eagle Airlines) is an air carrier headquartered in Irving, Texas, in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of American Airlines Group that, along with several carriers outside the group, feeds the American Airlines route network under the American Eagle brand. With over 1000 flights a day, serving 150 cities across the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, Envoy is considered to be one of the world's largest regional airline systems. Envoy is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance. The company slogan is "Going for great."

Question: Envoy Air is a wholly owned subsidiary of an airline group that flies to how many countries worldwide?
Answer: 56
Dunes (hotel and casino)
The Dunes Hotel was a hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, that operated from May 23, 1955 to January 26, 1993. Designed by architects John Replogle, Robert Dorr Jr., Milton Schwartz and Maxwell Starkman, it was the tenth resort to open on the Strip. Bellagio now stands on the former grounds. The Dunes golf course is now occupied by parts of Park MGM, New York-New York, CityCenter, Cosmopolitan, and T-Mobile Arena.
Rouvaun
Rouvaun (1932–1975) was born Jim Haun in Bingham, Utah. A child singer with the Mormon Tabernacle Choir in Salt Lake City, he went on to study voice at the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music and perform with the Beverly Hills Opera Company. Nonetheless, he remained a struggling woodworker studying voice. Rouvaun was a virtual unknown until February 5, 1967, when he appeared in Las Vegas as the headline singer leading the 100-person Frederick Apcar French stage review Casino De Paris at the Dunes Hotel. His first record label, KALAMO, described him on his debut album cover as "The World's Greatest Singer".

Question: What hotel currently stands on the former site of Rouvaun's stage appearance on February 5, 1967?
Answer: Bellagio
Alfred North Whitehead
One philosophical school which has historically had a close relationship with process philosophy is American pragmatism. Whitehead himself thought highly of William James and John Dewey, and acknowledged his indebtedness to them in the preface to "Process and Reality". Charles Hartshorne (along with Paul Weiss) edited the collected papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, one of the founders of pragmatism. Noted neopragmatist Richard Rorty was in turn a student of Hartshorne. Today, Nicholas Rescher is one example of a philosopher who advocates both process philosophy and pragmatism.

Question: What philosophy is closely related to process philosophy?
Answer: American pragmatism
The Sacred War
"The Sacred War" ( "Svyashchennaya Voyna", also known as "Vstavay, strana ogromnaya", "Arise, Great (Vast) Country!") was one of the most famous Soviet songs of the Second World War. The music is by Aleksandr Aleksandrov, founder of the Alexandrov Ensemble and the music composer for the National Anthem of the Soviet Union. The lyrics are by Vasily Lebedev-Kumach.
Alexandrov Ensemble
The Alexandrov Ensemble (Russian: , ; commonly known as the Red Army Choir in Western Europe) is an official army choir of the Russian armed forces. Founded during the Soviet era, the ensemble consists of a male choir, an orchestra, and a dance ensemble.

Question: "The Sacred War", was one of the most famous Soviet songs of the Second World War, the music is by Aleksandr Aleksandrov, founder of the Alexandrov Ensemble, an official army choir of which armed forces?
Answer: Russian
John Dryden
John Dryden ( ; 19 August [O.S. 9 August] 1631 – 12 May [O.S. 1 May] 1700 ) was an English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who was appointed England's first Poet Laureate in 1668.
The Assignation
The Assignation, or Love in a Nunnery is a Restoration comedy written by John Dryden. The play was first acted late in 1672, by the King's Company at their theatre at Lincoln's Inn Fields, but was not a success with its audience.

Question: In what year was the playwright, who wrote, The Assignation, made England's first Poet Laureate?
Answer: 1668
Marvin's Marvelous Mechanical Museum
Marvin's Marvelous Mechanical Museum, located in Farmington Hills, Michigan, is devoted to a huge collection of coin-operated animatronic dummies, mechanical games and other oddities. Exhibits include, for example, the classic gypsy Fortune teller machine that used to grace many a carnival sideshow. Most of the machines still function, so visitors are encouraged to bring change. . Marvin's is open 365 days a year. 
Marvin's Marvelous Mechanical Museum
The museum's founder, Marvin Yagoda, had been collecting the items that populate the 5500 sqft museum for over 60 years.He graduated from University of Michigan as a pharmacist taking over his fathers store Sam's Drugs in Detroit. Yagoda was a recognized expert in the field of mechanical and electrical game apparatus; he has been involved in appraisal of such items for the television series "American Pickers". Yagoda died on January 8, 2017, at the age of 78. Marvin's son Jeremy grew up in the business and carries on his fathers legacy.
Fortune teller machine
A fortune teller machine is a type of amusement, which upon receiving credit gives out a card with a prediction of the reader's future. This is typically given by an automaton. They could be found in penny arcades, and can be seen in modern video arcades and amusement parks.

Question: Many a carnival sideshow and Penny arcade contained what type of amusement?
Answer: Fortune teller machine
M6 motorway
The M6 motorway runs from junction 19 of the M1 at the Catthorpe Interchange, near Rugby, Coventry via Birmingham then heads north, passing Stoke-on-Trent, Liverpool, Manchester, Preston, Lancaster, Carlisle and terminating at the Gretna junction (J45). Here, just short of the Scottish border it becomes the A74(M) which continues to Glasgow as the M74. Its busiest sections are J4-10a at Birmingham and J16-19 in Cheshire as this forms the main route from the East/West Midlands and London to Manchester and Liverpool, These sections are now Smart Motorway.
Preston Patrick
Preston Patrick is a village and civil parish in South Lakeland, Cumbria, England. It has junction 36 of the M6 motorway in its south west corner and extends north east on both sides of the motorway until just beyond the B2564 road. In the 2011 census its population was reported to be 426. The neighbouring parishes are Old Hutton and Holmescales to the north, Lupton to the east, Beetham to the south and Preston Richard to the west.

Question: At which junction does the motorway terminate which has junction 36 in the south west corner of Preston Patrick?
Answer: Gretna junction
Titlis
Titlis is a mountain of the Uri Alps, located on the border between the cantons of Obwalden and Bern. At 3238 m above sea level, it is the highest summit of the range north of the Susten Pass, between the Bernese Oberland and Central Switzerland. It is mainly accessed from Engelberg (OW) on the north side and is famous as the site of the world's first rotating cable car. The cable car system connects Engelberg (996 m ) to the summit of "Klein Titlis" (3028 m ) through the three stages of "Gerschnialp" (1262 m ), "Trübsee" (1796 m ) and "Stand" (2428 m ).
Trübsee
Trübsee (1788 m ) is an intermediate cable car station by the Titlis Bergbahnen, Trüebsee (lit.: "dull lake", Germanized: "Trübsee") is an Alpine lake (1764 m ) on the Ober Trüebsee Alpine pasture (or often just incorrectly shortened to "Trüebsee") in the upper part of the extensive municipality of Wolfenschiessen in the Swiss canton of Nidwalden. The lake lies at the foot of the Titlis above the village resort of Engelberg. It can be reached from the village by cable car, or via several alpine walking paths, e.g. the "Pfaffenwand".

Question: What is the name of the intermediate cable car station that is used to climb the Titlis mountain in the Uri Alps?
Answer: Trübsee
Enigma machine
The Enigma machine was invented by the German engineer Arthur Scherbius at the end of World War I. The German firm Scherbius & Ritter, co-founded by Arthur Scherbius, patented ideas for a cipher machine in 1918 and began marketing the finished product under the brand name "Enigma" in 1923, initially targeted at commercial markets. Early models were used commercially from the early 1920s, and adopted by military and government services of several countries, most notably Nazi Germany before and during World War II.
Enigma machine
Several different Enigma models were produced, but the German military models, having a plugboard, were the most complex. Japanese and Italian models were also in use. With its adoption (in slightly modified form) by the German Navy in 1926 and the German Army and Air Force soon after, the name "Enigma" became widely known in military circles. Pre-war German military planning emphasized fast, mobile forces and tactics, later known as blitzkrieg, which depend on radio communication for command and coordination. Since adversaries would likely intercept radio signals, messages would have to be protected with secure encoding. Compact and easily portable, the Enigma machine filled that need.
Typex
In the history of cryptography, Typex (alternatively, Type X or TypeX) machines were British cipher machines used from 1937. It was an adaptation of the commercial German Enigma with a number of enhancements that greatly increased its security. The cipher machine (and its many revisions) was used until the mid-1950s when other more modern military encryption systems came into use.

Question: Who invented the cipher machine of which Typex was an adaptation ? 
Answer: Arthur Scherbius
FC Barcelona
Later the same month, Barcelona won the UEFA Super Cup defeating Porto 2–0 with goals from Messi and Fàbregas. This extended the club's overall number of official trophies to 74, surpassing Real Madrid's total amount of official trophies. The Super Cup victory also saw Guardiola win his 12th trophy out of a possible 15 in his three years at the helm of the club, becoming the all-time record holder of most titles won as a coach at Barcelona.

Question: Which team did Barcelona beat to win the UEFA Super Cup?
Answer: Porto
Quran
Following Muhammad's death in 632, a number of his companions who knew the Quran by heart were killed in the Battle of Yamama by Musaylimah. The first caliph, Abu Bakr (d. 634), subsequently decided to collect the book in one volume so that it could be preserved. Zayd ibn Thabit (d. 655) was the person to collect the Quran since "he used to write the Divine Inspiration for Allah's Apostle". Thus, a group of scribes, most importantly Zayd, collected the verses and produced a hand-written manuscript of the complete book. The manuscript according to Zayd remained with Abu Bakr until he died. Zayd's reaction to the task and the difficulties in collecting the Quranic material from parchments, palm-leaf stalks, thin stones (collectively known as "suhuf") and from men who knew it by heart is recorded in earlier narratives. After Abu Bakr, in 644, Hafsa bint Umar, Muhammad's widow, was entrusted with the manuscript until the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan, has requested the standard copy from Hafsa bint Umar in about 650.
Quran
In about 650, the third Caliph Uthman ibn Affan (d. 656) began noticing slight differences in pronunciation of the Quran as Islam expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula into Persia, the Levant, and North Africa. In order to preserve the sanctity of the text, he ordered a committee headed by Zayd to use Abu Bakr's copy and prepare a standard copy of the Quran. Thus, within 20 years of Muhammad's death, the Quran was committed to written form. That text became the model from which copies were made and promulgated throughout the urban centers of the Muslim world, and other versions are believed to have been destroyed. The present form of the Quran text is accepted by Muslim scholars to be the original version compiled by Abu Bakr.

Question: Which caliph ordered the Quran manuscript copied and standardized?
Answer: Uthman ibn Affan
Chicago Cubs
Green shored up the 1984 roster with a series of transactions. In December, 1983 Scott Sanderson was acquired from Montreal in a three-team deal with San Diego for Carmelo Martínez. Pinch hitter Richie Hebner (.333 BA in 1984) was signed as a free-agent. In spring training, moves continued: LF Gary Matthews and CF Bobby Dernier came from Philadelphia on March 26, for Bill Campbell and a minor leaguer. Reliever Tim Stoddard (10–6 3.82, 7 saves) was acquired the same day for a minor leaguer; veteran pitcher Ferguson Jenkins was released.

Question: When was Scott Sanderson acquired from Montreal?
Answer: December, 1983
Todd Bertuzzi–Steve Moore incident
The Todd Bertuzzi–Steve Moore incident (also called the Steve Moore incident, the Todd Bertuzzi incident, and the Bertuzzi–Moore incident) happened during a National Hockey League (NHL) game between the Vancouver Canucks and the Colorado Avalanche on March 8, 2004.
Todd Bertuzzi–Steve Moore incident
In the first period, Steve Moore of the Avalanche fought Matt Cooke of the Canucks and served a 5-minute major penalty for fighting. The Avalanche would go on to build up a large lead in a fight-filled game. Late in the third period, Todd Bertuzzi was sent onto the ice for Vancouver. After failing to instigate Moore to fight, Bertuzzi skated after Moore, grabbed his jersey and punched him in the back of the head, knocking him unconscious. Bertuzzi landed on top of him, driving Moore face first into the ice, and Moore's teammate Andrei Nikolishin and Bertuzzi's teammate Sean Pronger piled onto them. Moore was knocked out and lay motionless for ten minutes before being carried off on a stretcher. The combination of the hit, fall, and piling-on had resulted in three fractured neck vertebrae, facial cuts and a concussion. The incident ended Moore's professional hockey career, and resulted in criminal assault charges against Bertuzzi, and a civil lawsuit against Bertuzzi and the Canucks.
Steve Moore (ice hockey)
Steven Francis Moore (born September 22, 1978) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey centre who played in parts of three National Hockey League (NHL) seasons with the Colorado Avalanche.

Question: The Todd Bertuzzi–Steve Moore incident, was a highly controversial event in ice hockey, that happened during a National Hockey League (NHL) game between the Vancouver Canucks and the Colorado Avalanche on March 8, 2004, in the first period, which Canadian former professional ice hockey center who played in parts of three National Hockey League (NHL) seasons with the Colorado Avalanche, fought Vancouver player Matt Cooke and served a 5-minute major penalty for fighting?
Answer: Steve Moore