qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Space Race
Eisenhower ordered project Vanguard to move up its timetable and launch its satellite much sooner than originally planned. The December 6, 1957 Project Vanguard launch failure occurred at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, broadcast live in front of a US television audience. It was a monumental failure, exploding a few seconds after launch, and it became an international joke. The satellite appeared in newspapers under the names Flopnik, Stayputnik, Kaputnik, and Dudnik. In the United Nations, the Soviet delegate offered the US representative aid "under the Soviet program of technical assistance to backwards nations." Only in the wake of this very public failure did von Braun's Redstone team get the go-ahead to launch their Jupiter-C rocket as soon as they could. In Britain, the US's Western Cold War ally, the reaction was mixed: some celebrated the fact that the Soviets had reached space first, while others feared the destructive potential that military uses of spacecraft might bring.

Question: in response to Project Vanguard's failed launch, what was the rocket the Soviet Union launched?
Answer: Jupiter-C rocket
Myanmar
Myanmar's armed forces are known as the Tatmadaw, which numbers 488,000. The Tatmadaw comprises the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. The country ranked twelfth in the world for its number of active troops in service. The military is very influential in Myanmar, with all top cabinet and ministry posts usually held by military officials. Official figures for military spending are not available. Estimates vary widely because of uncertain exchange rates, but Myanmar's military forces' expenses are high. Myanmar imports most of its weapons from Russia, Ukraine, China and India.

Question: How large is the military of Burma ? 
Answer: numbers 488,000
Circadian rhythm
The simplest known circadian clocks are bacterial circadian rhythms, exemplified by the prokaryote cyanobacteria. Recent research has demonstrated that the circadian clock of "Synechococcus elongatus" can be reconstituted "in vitro" with just the three proteins (KaiA, KaiB, KaiC) of their central oscillator. This clock has been shown to sustain a 22-hour rhythm over several days upon the addition of ATP. Previous explanations of the prokaryotic circadian timekeeper were dependent upon a DNA transcription/translation feedback mechanism.

Question: What type of feedback mechanism was previously thought to be needed to sustain the clock?
Answer: DNA
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau's GDP per capita is one of the lowest in the world, and its Human Development Index is one of the lowest on earth. More than two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line. The economy depends mainly on agriculture; fish, cashew nuts, and ground nuts are its major exports.

Question: What per capita index does Guinea-Bissau rank as one of the lowest in the world?
Answer: GDP
Lindsey Pollard
Lindsey Pollard is an animator from Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, now residing in Los Angeles, California. Her work as an animation director on the children's Cartoon Network series "Camp Lazlo" garnered three Pulcinella awards, two Emmy nominations, and a 2007 Emmy win. In 1994, she received The Grand Prize Norman McLaren Award and won "Best Animation" in the Montreal World Film Festival for her student film "The Chain Letter". As a member of The Emily Carr Institute Alumni, she received The Emily Award in Recognition of Outstanding Achievement in 2008. Lindsey was an assistant director on "The Simpsons Movie" and a timer on "My Gym Partner's A Monkey", "The Simpsons", "Drawn Together", "The Fairly OddParents", "The Oblongs", "Baby Blues", "The Cramp Twins", and "Mission Hill". She is currently a retake director on the Emmy award winning hit series "Family Guy".
Mission Hill (TV series)
Mission Hill (originally titled The Downtowners) is an American animated television series that ran on The WB from September 24, 1999, to July 16, 2000, and on Adult Swim from July 14 to August 11, 2002. Although 18 episodes were planned, only 13 were produced. The series was put on hiatus by the WB Network after two episodes due to poor ratings. It returned to the WB in the summer of 2000 but was canceled after four additional episodes. The series went on to develop a cult following, thanks to repeated airings of all 13 episodes on Teletoon's Teletoon Unleashed block; Cartoon Network's popular late-night programming block Adult Swim; and Too Funny To Sleep, a late-night programming block on TBS. "Mission Hill" was formerly known as "The Downtowners", although MTV's production of the similarly titled "Downtown" forced a name change.

Question: Which animator from Canada served as an assistant director on an American animated television series that ran on The WB from September 24, 1999, to July 16, 2000, and on Adult Swim from July 14 to August 11, 2002?
Answer: Lindsey Pollard
White Settlement Independent School District
White Settlement Independent School District is a public school district based in White Settlement, Texas (USA). The district serves students in White Settlement and a portion of Fort Worth in west central Tarrant County.
Texas
Texas ( , ; or "Tejas", ] ( ) ) is a state in the South Central Region of the United States. It is the second largest U.S. state by both area (after Alaska) and population (after California). Texas shares borders with the states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, and has a coastline with the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast.

Question: White Settlement Independent School District is based in what second-largest state?
Answer: Texas
Nigeria
Between 2011 and 2018, Boko Haram has been responsible for more than 37,000 deaths in the region. The group's targets include both civilians and Nigerian security forces. In May 2014 Benin, Chad, Cameroon and Niger joined Nigeria in a united effort to combat Boko Haram in the aftermath of the 2014 Chibok kidnapping of 276 schoolgirls.

Question: How many schoolgirls did Boko Haram kidnap?
Answer: 276
To Kill a Mockingbird
Harper Lee had remained famously detached from interpreting the novel since the mid-1960s. However, she gave some insight into her themes when, in a rare letter to the editor, she wrote in response to the passionate reaction her book caused:Surely it is plain to the simplest intelligence that "To Kill a Mockingbird" spells out in words of seldom more than two syllables a code of honor and conduct, Christian in its ethic, that is the heritage of all Southerners."

Question: According to Lee, her book simply expressed a Christian code of honor and conduct inherit to whom?
Answer: all Southerners
Don Orsillo
Don Orsillo (born December 16, 1968) is the play-by-play announcer for the San Diego Padres on Fox Sports San Diego. Orsillo was the television voice of the Boston Red Sox on NESN from 2001 to 2015. He was then hired by the Padres to replace broadcaster Dick Enberg upon his retirement at the end of the 2016 season.
New England Sports Network
New England Sports Network, popularly known as NESN , is an American regional sports cable and satellite television network that is owned by a joint venture of Fenway Sports Group (which owns a controlling 80% interest, and is the owner of Boston Red Sox and Liverpool Football Club) and Delaware North (which owns the remaining 20% interest in the network, and owns the TD Garden, home of the Boston Celtics and Boston Bruins). Headquartered in Watertown, Massachusetts, the network is primarily carried on cable providers throughout New England (except in Fairfield County, Connecticut, which is part of the greater New York City media market). NESN is also distributed nationally on satellite providers DirecTV and Dish Network and as NESN National via select cable providers.
New England Sports Network
NESN is the primary broadcaster of the Boston Red Sox and the Boston Bruins – serving as the exclusive home for all games that are not televised by a national network. NESN also carries minor league baseball games, regional college sports events, various outdoor and sports talk shows, and tape delayed broadcasts of Premier League soccer games. The network has become synonymous with local sports in New England, and is considered a local institution.

Question: Don Orsillo is the sports commentator play-by-play announcer for the San Diego Padres on Fox Sports San Diego, Orsillo was the television voice of the Boston Red Sox  from 2001 to 2015, on the NESN (New England Sports Network) is an American regional sports cable and satellite television network, that is owned by a joint venture of which organization?
Answer: Fenway Sports Group
Chihuahua (state)
During the first years of the Porfiriato (Porfirio Díaz Era), the Díaz administration had to combat several attacks from the Lerdista forces and the Apache. A new rebellion led by the Lerdista party was orchestrated from exile in the United States. The Lerdista forces were able to temporarily occupy the city of El Paso del Norte until mid-1877. During 1877 the northern parts of the state suffered through a spell of extreme drought which were responsible for many deaths in El Paso del Norte. The officials in Mexico City reduced the price of corn from six cents to two cents a pound. The northern portion of the state continued to decline economically which led to another revolt led by G. Casavantes in August 1879; Governor Trías was accused of misappropriation of funds and inefficient administration of the state. Casavantes took the state capital and occupied it briefly; he was also successful in forcing Governor Trías to exile. Shortly afterwards, the federal government sent an entourage led by Treviño; Casavantes was immediately ordered to resign his position. Casavantes declared political victory as he was able to publicly accuse and depose Governor Trías. At the same time the states of Durango and Coahuila had a military confrontation over territorial claims and water rights; this altercation between the state required additional federal troops to stabilize the area. Later a dispute ensued again among the states of Coahuila, Durango, and Chihuahua over the mountain range area known as Sierra Mojada, when large deposits of gold ore was discovered. The state of Chihuahua officially submitted a declaration of protest in May 1880 that shortly after was amicably settled. Despite the difficulties at the beginning, Díaz was able to secure and stabilize the state, which earned the confidence and support of the people.

Question: The officials in Mexico reduced the price of what food from six cents to two cents per pound?
Answer: corn
Walter Raleigh
Sir Walter Raleigh ( ;  1552 (or 1554)29 October 1618), also spelled Ralegh, was an English landed gentleman, writer, poet, soldier, politician, courtier, spy and explorer. He was cousin to Sir Richard Grenville and younger half-brother of Sir Humphrey Gilbert. He is also well known for popularising tobacco in England. Raleigh was one of the most notable figures of the Elizabethan era.
Mount Raleigh
The mountain is named for Sir Walter Raleigh, and is one of several Elizabethan-themed summits in the area of the Southgate River, the highest of which is 3298 m and, suitably, Mount Queen Bess named after Elizabeth I of England. Immediately south of Mount Raleigh in the same massif is Mount Gilbert, named for Raleigh's step-brother Sir Humphrey Gilbert. A bit farther south and slightly west is Tavistock Mountain, named for Raleigh's birthplace in Devon.

Question: One of several Elizabethan-themed summits in the area of the Southgate River is named for an English gentleman who is well known for popularising what in Englad?
Answer: tobacco
Zinc
Alloys of zinc with small amounts of copper, aluminium, and magnesium are useful in die casting as well as spin casting, especially in the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries. These alloys are marketed under the name Zamak. An example of this is zinc aluminium. The low melting point together with the low viscosity of the alloy makes possible the production of small and intricate shapes. The low working temperature leads to rapid cooling of the cast products and fast production for assembly. Another alloy, marketed under the brand name Prestal, contains 78% zinc and 22% aluminium, and is reported to be nearly as strong as steel but as malleable as plastic. This superplasticity of the alloy allows it to be molded using die casts made of ceramics and cement.

Question: What is used to mold Prestal?
Answer: die casts made of ceramics and cement.
Deferred Action for Parents of Americans
Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA), sometimes called Deferred Action for Parental Accountability, was a planned United States immigration policy to grant deferred action status to certain illegal immigrants who have lived in the United States since 2010 and have children who are either American citizens or lawful permanent residents. It was prevented from going into effect. Deferred action would not be legal status but would come with a three-year renewable work permit and exemption from deportation. DAPA was a presidential executive action, not a law passed by Congress.
Deferred Action for Parents of Americans
The program was announced in November 2014 by President Barack Obama, along with a number of immigration reform steps including increased resources for border enforcement, new procedures for high-skilled immigrants, and an expansion of the existing Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program.
United States v. Texas
United States v. Texas, 579 U.S. ___ (2016), is a United States Supreme Court case regarding the constitutionality of the Deferred Action for Parents of Americans (DAPA) program.

Question: United States v. Texas was the court case regarding the program that granted status to immigrants living in the US since what year?
Answer: 2010
Ming–Tibet relations
Despite this glowing message by the Emperor, Chan writes that a year later in 1446, the Ming court cut off all relations with the Karmapa hierarchs. Until then, the court was unaware that Deshin Shekpa had died in 1415. The Ming court had believed that the representatives of the Karma Kagyu who continued to visit the Ming capital were sent by the Karmapa.

Question: Who did the Ming cut off all relations with?
Answer: the Karmapa hierarchs
Armenia
Turkey also has a long history of poor relations with Armenia over its refusal to acknowledge the Armenian Genocide, even though it was one of the first countries to recognize the Republic of Armenia (the 3rd republic) after its independence from the USSR in 1991. Despite this, for most of the 20th century and early 21st century, relations remain tense and there are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries due to Turkey's refusal to establish them for numerous reasons. During the Nagorno-Karabakh War, and citing it as the reason, Turkey closed its border with Armenia in 1993. It has not lifted its blockade despite pressure from the powerful Turkish business lobby interested in Armenian markets.
Armenia
On 10 October 2009, Armenia and Turkey signed protocols on the normalisation of relations, which set a timetable for restoring diplomatic ties and reopening their joint border. The ratification of those had to be made in the national parliaments. In Armenia, before sending the protocols to the parliament, it was sent to the Constitutional Court to have their constitutionality to be approved. The Constitutional Court made references to the preamble of the protocols underlying three main issues. One of them stated that the implementation of the protocols did not imply Armenia’s official recognition of the existing Turkish-Armenian border established by the Treaty of Kars. By doing so, the Constitutional Court rejected one of the main premises of the protocols, i.e. “the mutual recognition of the existing border between the two countries as defined by relevant treaties of international law". This was for the Turkish Government the reason to back down from the Protocols. The Armenian President had made multiple public announcements, both in Armenia and abroad, that, as the leader of the political majority of Armenia, he assured the parliamentary ratification of the protocols if Turkey also ratified them. Despite this, the process stopped, as Turkey continuously added more preconditions to its ratification and also "delayed it beyond any reasonable time-period".

Question: Which country claims the Armenian Genocide didn't occur?
Answer: Turkey
69th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The 69th Pennsylvania Infantry (originally raised as the 2nd California) was a volunteer regiment in the Union army during the American Civil War. Part of the famed Philadelphia Brigade, it played a key role defending against Pickett's Charge during the Battle of Gettysburg. Companies I and K, designated as the regiment's skirmisher companies, wore a very Americanized Zouave uniform. This uniform consisted of a dark blue Zouave jacket with green trimming, green cuffs, and sixteen brass buttons down the front on both sides of the jacket, a sky blue Zouave vest, chasseur sky-blue trousers, and a dark blue kepi. This was one of the few Zouave uniforms that did not use red as the jacket trimming. However, the Zouave uniforms were mostly destroyed during the Peninsula Campaign and were not replaced.
Zouave
The Zouaves (] ) were a class of light infantry regiments of the French Army serving between 1830 and 1962 and linked to French North Africa, as well as some units of other countries modelled upon them. The zouaves, along with the indigenous "Tirailleurs Algeriens", were among the most decorated units of the French Army.

Question: During the American Civil War, which companies of the 69th Pennsylvania Infantry wore uniforms modeled after French Army regiments?
Answer: Companies I and K, designated as the regiment's skirmisher companies, wore a very Americanized Zouave uniform.
American Idol
The sixth season began on Tuesday, January 16, 2007. The premiere drew a massive audience of 37.3 million viewers, peaking in the last half hour with more than 41 million viewers.

Question: What year did the sixth season of American Idol first air?
Answer: 2007
Rapeman
Rapeman was an American noise rock band founded in 1987 and disbanded in 1989. It consisted of Steve Albini (formerly of Big Black) on guitar and vocals, David Wm. Sims (formerly of Scratch Acid and The Jesus Lizard) on bass and Rey Washam (formerly of Scratch Acid and Big Boys) on drums. Their sound was also described as post-hardcore.
Arcade Fire
Arcade Fire is a Canadian indie rock band, consisting of husband and wife Win Butler and Régine Chassagne, along with Win's younger brother William Butler, Richard Reed Parry, Tim Kingsbury and Jeremy Gara. The band's current touring line-up also includes former core member Sarah Neufeld, percussionist Tiwill Duprate and saxophonist Stuart Bogie.

Question: Are Rapeman and Arcade Fire both rock bands?
Answer: yes
Michael Pitt
Michael Carmen Pitt (born April 10, 1981) is an American actor, model, and musician. Pitt is known in film for his roles in "Murder by Numbers" (2002), Bernardo Bertolucci's "The Dreamers" (2003), Gus Van Sant's "Last Days" (2005) and Michael Haneke's "Funny Games" (2007), and in television for his roles as Henry Parker in the teen drama "Dawson's Creek" (1999–2000), Jimmy Darmody in the HBO series "Boardwalk Empire" (2010–2011) and Mason Verger in the second season of the NBC series "Hannibal" (2014). He has also appeared in the films "Hedwig and the Angry Inch" (2001), "Bully" (2001), "Silk" (2007), "Seven Psychopaths" (2012), "I Origins" (2014), and "Ghost in the Shell" (2017).
Mason Verger
Mason Verger is a fictional character and the main antagonist of Thomas Harris' 1999 novel "Hannibal", as well as its 2001 film adaptation and the second and third seasons of the TV series "Hannibal". In the film, he is portrayed by Gary Oldman, while in the TV series he is portrayed by Michael Pitt and Joe Anderson.

Question: Michael Pitt played which character that was also played by Gary Oldman?
Answer: Mason Verger
Jesus Jones
Jesus Jones are a British alternative rock band from Bradford-on-Avon in Wiltshire, formed in late 1988, who recorded and performed into the 2000s. Their track "Right Here, Right Now" was an international hit, and was subsequently globally licensed for promotional and advertising campaigns. They also achieved chart success with the songs "Real Real Real", "International Bright Young Thing" and "Info Freako".
Jesus Jones
Incorporating elements of electronic music styles such as house and techno to an indie rock format, along with fellow British groups such as The Shamen, Pop Will Eat Itself and EMF, Jesus Jones were one of the leading purveyors of the early 1990s alternative dance scene. In late 1988, while on holiday in Spain, Mike Edwards, Iain Baker, and Jerry DeBorg decided to leave the band they were in at the time, and form their own band. The name of the band came about when they realised that they were three "Joneses" sitting on a beach in Spain surrounded by people called Jesus.
Milky Chance
Milky Chance is a German folk group originating from Kassel. It consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Clemens Rehbein, bassist and percussionist Philipp Dausch and guitarist Antonio Greger.

Question: In between Milky Chance and Jesus Jones which bands track is "Right Here, Right Now" ?
Answer: Jesus Jones
Botany
Nonvascular land plants are embryophytes that lack the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. They include mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Pteridophytic vascular plants with true xylem and phloem that reproduced by spores germinating into free-living gametophytes evolved during the Silurian period and diversified into several lineages during the late Silurian and early Devonian. Representatives of the lycopods have survived to the present day. By the end of the Devonian period, several groups, including the lycopods, sphenophylls and progymnosperms, had independently evolved "megaspory" – their spores were of two distinct sizes, larger megaspores and smaller microspores. Their reduced gametophytes developed from megaspores retained within the spore-producing organs (megasporangia) of the sporophyte, a condition known as endospory. Seeds consist of an endosporic megasporangium surrounded by one or two sheathing layers (integuments). The young sporophyte develops within the seed, which on germination splits to release it. The earliest known seed plants date from the latest Devonian Famennian stage. Following the evolution of the seed habit, seed plants diversified, giving rise to a number of now-extinct groups, including seed ferns, as well as the modern gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms produce "naked seeds" not fully enclosed in an ovary; modern representatives include conifers, cycads, "Ginkgo", and Gnetales. Angiosperms produce seeds enclosed in a structure such as a carpel or an ovary. Ongoing research on the molecular phylogenetics of living plants appears to show that the angiosperms are a sister clade to the gymnosperms.

Question: What protects the young plant in the seed?
Answer: one or two sheathing layers
James Robertson Justice
James Robertson Justice (born James Norval Harald Justice; 15 June 1907 – 2 July 1975) was a British film actor, best known in comedies, where he would play the pompous authority-figure. He also co-starred with Gregory Peck in several adventure movies, notably "The Guns of Navarone". Born in south London, he exaggerated his Scottish roots, but was in fact prominent in Scottish public life, helping to launch Scottish Television and serving as Rector of the University of Edinburgh.
James Robertson Justice
The son of an Aberdeen-born geologist and named after his father, James Robertson Justice was born James Norval Harald Justice in Lee, a suburb of Lewisham in South London, in 1907. Educated at Marlborough College in Wiltshire, Justice studied science at University College London, but left after a year and became a geology student at the University of Bonn, where he again left after just a year. He spoke many languages (possibly up to 20) including Spanish, French, Greek, Danish, Russian, German, Italian, Dutch and Gaelic.
Very Important Person (film)
Very Important Person (retitled A Coming Out Party in the United States) is a 1961 British comedy film directed by Ken Annakin and written by Jack Davies and Henry Blyth. The cast includes several well-known British comedy and character actors, including James Robertson Justice, Stanley Baxter in a dual role as a dour Scottish prisoner and a German prisoner-of-war camp officer, Eric Sykes, John Le Mesurier, Leslie Phillips and Richard Wattis.

Question: What  English character actor appears in Very Important Person
Answer: James Robertson Justice
Nick Offerman
Nicholas Offerman (born June 26, 1970) is an American actor, writer, comedian, producer, and woodworker. He is best known for his role as Ron Swanson in the NBC sitcom "Parks and Recreation", for which he received the Television Critics Association Award for Individual Achievement in Comedy and was twice nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series. Offerman is also known for his role in "The Founder", in which he portrays Richard McDonald, one of the brothers who developed the fast food chain McDonald's. His first major television role since the end of "Parks and Recreation" was as Karl Weathers in the FX series "Fargo", for which he received a Critics' Choice Television Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor in a Movie/Miniseries. Since 2018, Offerman has co-hosted the NBC reality competition series, "Making It", with Amy Poehler. 
Welcome to Happiness
Welcome to Happiness is a 2015 American comedy film written and directed by Oliver Thompson and starring Kyle Gallner, Olivia Thirlby, Nick Offerman, Keegan-Michael Key, Brendan Sexton III and Josh Brener. It was released on May 20, 2016, by FilmBuff.

Question: Welcome to Happiness starred this actor who was born in June, 1970?
Answer: Nick Offerman
Jerry Stiller
Gerald Isaac Stiller (June 8, 1927 – May 11, 2020) was an American comedian, actor, and author. He spent many years as part of the comedy duo Stiller and Meara with his wife, Anne Meara, to whom he was married for over 60 years until her death in 2015. Stiller saw a late-career resurgence starting in 1993, playing George Costanza's father Frank in the sitcom "Seinfeld", a part which earned him an Emmy nomination. The year "Seinfeld" went off the air, Stiller began his role as the eccentric Arthur Spooner on the CBS comedy series "The King of Queens", another role which garnered him widespread acclaim.
Jerry Stiller
Stiller was the father of actor Ben Stiller, and he and his son appeared together in films such as "Zoolander", "Heavyweights", "Hot Pursuit", "The Heartbreak Kid", and "Zoolander 2". He also performed voice-over work for television and films including "The Lion King 1½" and "". In his later career, Stiller became known for playing grumpy and eccentric characters who were nevertheless beloved.
The Independent (2000 film)
The Independent is a 2000 mockumentary comedy film directed by Stephen Kessler and starring Jerry Stiller and Janeane Garofalo. Stiller portrays an independent film maker who makes little-known B movies with titles like "Twelve Angry Men and a Baby". The film spoofs independent directors and independent film. The film features Max Perlich and cameos by Anne Meara, Ron Howard, Roger Corman, Peter Bogdanovich, John Lydon, Ben Stiller, Andy Dick, Fred Dryer, Jonathan Katz, Fred Williamson, Karen Black, Nick Cassavetes, Julie Strain and adult film actress Ginger Lynn. The fictional career of Morty Fineman (Stiller) includes having made 427 films, although it is not specified as to whether he directed them all or if it refers to films produced or written by the Fineman character. The theme song "The Love Song For 'The Independent"' is performed by Nancy Sinatra.

Question: Who was the director of the 2000 mockumentary comedy film starring the actor who played Frank Costanza on the NBC sitcom "Seinfeld"?
Answer: Stephen Kessler
IPod
The advertised battery life on most models is different from the real-world achievable life. For example, the fifth-generation 30 GB iPod Classic was advertised as having up to 14 hours of music playback. However, an MP3.com report stated that this was virtually unachievable under real-life usage conditions, with a writer for the site getting, on average, less than 8 hours from an iPod. In 2003, class action lawsuits were brought against Apple complaining that the battery charges lasted for shorter lengths of time than stated and that the battery degraded over time. The lawsuits were settled by offering individuals with first or second-generation iPods either US$50 store credit or a free battery replacement and offering individuals with third-generation iPods an extended warranty that would allow them to get a replacement iPod if they experienced battery problems.

Question: Discrepancy in what spec brought about a class action suit against Apple in 2003?
Answer: battery life
Tibet
Religion is extremely important to the Tibetans and has a strong influence over all aspects of their lives. Bön is the indigenous religion of Tibet, but has been almost eclipsed by Tibetan Buddhism, a distinctive form of Mahayana and Vajrayana, which was introduced into Tibet from the Sanskrit Buddhist tradition of northern India. Tibetan Buddhism is practiced not only in Tibet but also in Mongolia, parts of northern India, the Buryat Republic, the Tuva Republic, and in the Republic of Kalmykia and some other parts of China. During China's Cultural Revolution, nearly all Tibet's monasteries were ransacked and destroyed by the Red Guards. A few monasteries have begun to rebuild since the 1980s (with limited support from the Chinese government) and greater religious freedom has been granted – although it is still limited. Monks returned to monasteries across Tibet and monastic education resumed even though the number of monks imposed is strictly limited. Before the 1950s, between 10 and 20% of males in Tibet were monks.

Question: When were nearly all of Tibet's monasteries destroyed by the Red Guard?
Answer: During China's Cultural Revolution
Jurij Slatkonja
Jurij Slatkonja ( , also "Jurij Chrysippus," Slovenian: "Jurij Slatkonja"; 21 March 1456 – 26 April 1522) was a Carniolan choirmaster and the first residential Bishop of Vienna. He was also the first owner of an ex libris among the Slovenes. His crest contained a golden horse, based on a false etymology of his surname (Slovene "slat" [≈ "zlat"] 'golden' + "konja" [≈ "konj"] 'horse'). (The surname actually refers to someone that enjoys sweet food.)
Duchy of Carniola
The Duchy of Carniola ( , , ) was an imperial estate of the Holy Roman Empire, established under Habsburg rule on the territory of the former East Frankish March of Carniola in 1364. A hereditary land of the Habsburg Monarchy, it became a constituent land of the Austrian Empire in 1804 and part of the Kingdom of Illyria until 1849. A separate crown land from 1849, it was incorporated into the Cisleithanian territories of Austria-Hungary from 1867 until the state's dissolution in 1918. Its capital was Ljubljana ( ).

Question: Jurij Slatkonja was a choirmaster for which State of the Holy Roman Empire?
Answer: Duchy of Carniola
Saint Barthélemy
Other trees of note include the royal palm, sea grape trees in the form of shrubs on the beaches and as 5 to trees in the interior areas of the island, aloe or aloe vera (brought from the Mediterranean), the night blooming cereus, mamillaria nivosa, yellow prickly pear or barbary fig which was planted as barbed wire defences against invading British army in 1773, Mexican cactus, stapelia gigantea, golden trumpet or yellow bell which was originally from South America, bougainvillea and others.

Question: What type of fig grows on the island?
Answer: barbary
Zhejiang
During the Second Sino-Japanese War, which led into World War II, much of Zhejiang was occupied by Japan and placed under the control of the Japanese puppet state known as the Reorganized National Government of China. Following the Doolittle Raid, most of the B-25 American crews that came down in China eventually made it to safety with the help of Chinese civilians and soldiers. The Chinese people who helped them, however, paid dearly for sheltering the Americans. The Imperial Japanese Army began the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign to intimidate the Chinese out of helping downed American airmen. The Japanese killed an estimated 250,000 civilians from the area of Hangzhou to Nanchang and also Zhuzhou while searching for Doolittle's men.

Question: Who occupied much of Zhejiang during the Second Sino-Japanese War?
Answer: Japan
Kim Jong-hyun (singer)
Kim Jong-hyun (April 8, 1990 – December 18, 2017), better known mononymously as Jonghyun, was a South Korean singer-songwriter, record producer, radio host, and author under the SM Entertainment label. He was the main vocalist of the South Korean boy band Shinee for nine years, releasing twelve albums with the group in both Korean and Japanese. He also participated in SM Entertainment's project group, SM the Ballad, for the release of two EP albums.
Kim Jong-hyun (singer)
Jonghyun was also a solo artist, beginning in January 2015 with the release of his first EP album, "Base". It peaked at number one on both the "Billboard" World Album Chart and the Gaon Album Chart. On September 17 the same year, Jonghyun released a compilation album, "Story Op.1". His debut studio album "She Is" was released on May 24, 2016, followed by his second compilation album, "Story Op.2" on April 24, 2017. Jonghyun began his first solo concert tour, titled "The Story by Jonghyun" on October 2, 2015. This was followed by three further concert tours in later years. He was regarded as one of the best vocalists in South Korea. He also received praise for his artistic control and involvement in the creation of his music, which are rare in K-pop.
Base (EP)
Base is the debut and only extended play by South Korean singer-songwriter Jonghyun, released on January 12, 2015 by SM Entertainment.

Question: Base was the first EP by the singer-songwriter from which boy band?
Answer: Shinee
Frisco, Texas
Frisco is a city in Collin and Denton counties in Texas. It is part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, and is approximately 25 mi from both Dallas Love Field and Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. The city population was 116,989 at the 2010 census. The 2019 Census estimate placed the city population at 200,490. Frisco was the fastest-growing city in the United States in 2017, and also the fastest-growing city in the nation from 2000 to 2009. In the late 1990s, the northern Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex suburban development tide hit the northern border of Plano and spilled into Frisco, sparking rapid growth into the 2000s. Like many of the cities in the northern suburbs of Dallas, Frisco serves as a bedroom community for professionals who work in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex. Since 2003, Frisco has received the designation Tree City USA by the National Arbor Day Foundation.
Texas Legends
The Texas Legends are an NBA G League team based in Frisco, Texas, and the minor league affiliate of the Dallas Mavericks. The franchise began as the Colorado 14ers in 2006, before relocating to Frisco in 2009 and becoming the Texas Legends for the 2010–11 season. The Legends play their home games at the Comerica Center.

Question: How far is the city that the Texas Legends are in from Dallas/ Fort Worth International Airport?
Answer: approximately 25 mi
Death of a Gentleman
Death of a Gentleman is a 2015 documentary about the takeover of the governance of cricket by ICC's 'Big Three'. It was directed by Sam Collins, Jarrod Kimber and Johnny Blank, and features interviews with takeover architects Giles Clarke and N Srinivasan (the other was Wally Edwards), alongside Ed Cowan, Tony Greig, Gideon Haigh, Michael Holding, Jonathan Agnew, Chris Gayle, Rev. Andrew Wingfield Digby, Haroon Lorgat, Lalit Modi, and Kevin Pietersen.
Jonathan Agnew
Jonathan Philip Agnew, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 4 April 1960) is an English cricket broadcaster and a former professional cricketer. He was born in Macclesfield, Cheshire, and educated at Uppingham School. He is nicknamed "Aggers", and, less commonly, "Spiro" – the latter, according to "Debrett's Cricketers' Who's Who", after former US Vice-President Spiro Agnew.

Question: Sam Collins' 2015 cricket documentary features interviews with what former cricket player, nicknamed "Aggers"?
Answer: Jonathan Agnew
Near East
By the time of John Seller's "Atlas Maritima" of 1670, "India Beyond the Ganges" had become "the East Indies" including China, Korea, southeast Asia and the islands of the Pacific in a map that was every bit as distorted as Ptolemy's, despite the lapse of approximately 1,500 years. That "east" in turn was only an English translation of Latin "Oriens" and "Orientalis", "the land of the rising Sun", used since Roman times for "east". The world map of Jodocus Hondius of 1590 labels all of Asia from the Caspian to the Pacific as "India Orientalis", shortly to appear in translation as the East Indies.

Question: What had "India Beyond the Ganges" become? 
Answer: the East Indies
Intamin
Intamin Worldwide is a designing and manufacturing company in Wollerau, Switzerland. It is best known for creating thrill rides and roller coasters worldwide. The Intamin brand name is a portmanteau for "international amusement installations". The company has offices throughout the world including three in Europe, three in Asia and two in the United States.
Cobra (La Ronde)
Cobra was a stand-up roller coaster located at La Ronde amusement park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Built by Intamin, Cobra opened to the public in 1988 at Skara Sommarland amusement park, where it operated until 1994. It reopened at La Ronde the following season in 1995 and was one of only three stand-up roller coasters manufactured by Intamin. Cobra was removed from the park's website in 2016 and then demolished in 2018.

Question: The roller coaster Cobra was built by a company based in what country?
Answer: Switzerland
Charles Ingalls
Charles Phillip Ingalls ( ; January 10, 1836June 8, 1902) was the father of Laura Ingalls Wilder, known for her "Little House" series of books. He is depicted as the character "Pa" in the books and the television series.
Michael Landon
Michael Landon (born Eugene Maurice Orowitz; October 31, 1936 – July 1, 1991) was an American actor, writer, director, and producer. He is known for his roles as Little Joe Cartwright in "Bonanza" (1959–1973), Charles Ingalls in "Little House on the Prairie" (1974–1983), and Jonathan Smith in "Highway to Heaven" (1984–1989). Landon appeared on the cover of "TV Guide" 22 times, second only to Lucille Ball.

Question: What actor portrayed "Pa" in the Little House on the Prairie tv series?
Answer: Michael Landon
Ben Bagdikian
Ben-hur Haig Bagdikian (January 30, 1920 – March 11, 2016) was an Armenian-American journalist, news media critic and commentator, and university professor.
Ben Bagdikian
An Armenian Genocide survivor, Bagdikian moved to the United States as an infant and began a journalism career after serving in World War II. He worked as a local reporter, investigative journalist and foreign correspondent for "The Providence Journal". During his time there, he won a Peabody Award and a Pulitzer Prize. In 1971, he received parts of the "Pentagon Papers" from Daniel Ellsberg and successfully persuaded "The Washington Post" to publish them despite objections and threats from the Richard Nixon administration. Bagdikian later taught at the University of California, Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and served as its dean from 1985 to 1988.
Tim Kurkjian
Timothy Bell Kurkjian ( ; born December 10, 1956) is a Major League Baseball analyst on ESPN's "Baseball Tonight" and "SportsCenter". He is also a contributor to "ESPN The Magazine" and "ESPN.com." 
Tim Kurkjian
He guests on "Golic and Wingo" on Thursdays at 7:44 a.m., discussing the latest in happenings in Major League Baseball. He is a frequent contributor to Buster Olney's podcast. He also appears regularly on "The Dan LeBatard Show" and "The Tony Kornheiser Show".

Question: Are Tim Kurkjian and Ben Bagdikian both baseball analysts?
Answer: no
Paris
On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an "open city". On 16–17 July 1942, following German orders, the French police and gendarmes arrested 12,884 Jews, including 4,115 children, and confined them during five days at the "Vel d'Hiv" ("Vélodrome d'Hiver"), from which they were transported by train to the extermination camp at Auschwitz. None of the children came back. On 25 August 1944, the city was liberated by the French 2nd Armoured Division and the 4th Infantry Division of the United States Army. General Charles de Gaulle led a huge and emotional crowd down the Champs Élysées towards Notre Dame de Paris, and made a rousing speech from the Hôtel de Ville.

Question: On what date did the German army declare Paris as an open city?
Answer: 14 June 1940
Jane Campion
Dame Elizabeth Jane Campion {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 30 April 1954) is a New Zealand screenwriter, producer, and director. She is the second of five women ever nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and the first and only female filmmaker to receive the Palme d'Or, which she received for the acclaimed film "The Piano" (1993), for which she also won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.
Marcel Carné
Marcel Albert Carné (] ; 18 August 1906 – 31 October 1996) was a French film director. A key figure in the poetic realism movement, Carné's best known films include "Port of Shadows" (1938), "Le Jour Se Lève" (1939), "The Devil's Envoys" (1942) and "Children of Paradise" (1945), the last of which has been cited as one of the greatest films of all time.

Question: Are both Marcel Carné and Jane Campion film directors?
Answer: yes
Hugh Jackman
Hugh Michael Jackman {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 12 October 1968) is an Australian actor, singer, and producer. He is best known for playing Logan in the "X-Men" film series (2000–2018), a role for which he holds the Guinness World Record for "longest career as a live-action Marvel superhero". 
Hugh Jackman
Jackman is also recognised for his lead roles in films such as the romantic comedy "Kate & Leopold" (2001), the action film "Van Helsing" (2004), the drama "The Prestige" (2006), the fantasy drama "The Fountain" (2006), the period romance "Australia" (2008), the film version of "Les Misérables" (2012), the thriller "Prisoners" (2013), and the musical "The Greatest Showman" (2017), for which he received a Grammy Award for Best Soundtrack Album. For playing Jean Valjean in "Les Misérables", he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy.
Seed Productions
Seed Productions was a film production company associated with 20th Century Fox, started by Australian actors Hugh Jackman and Deborra-Lee Furness, with producer and business partner John Palermo.

Question: This film production company was started by an Australian who had a lead role in what 2001 romantic-comedy fantasy?
Answer: Kate & Leopold
Paris
The Paris region hosts France's highest concentration of the "grandes écoles" – 55 specialised centres of higher-education outside the public university structure. The prestigious public universities are usually considered "grands établissements". Most of the "grandes écoles" were relocated to the suburbs of Paris in the 1960s and 1970s, in new campuses much larger than the old campuses within the crowded City of Paris, though the École Normale Supérieure has remained on rue d'Ulm in the 5th arrondissement. There are a high number of engineering schools, led by the Paris Institute of Technology which comprises several colleges such as École Polytechnique, École des Mines, AgroParisTech, Télécom Paris, Arts et Métiers, and École des Ponts et Chaussées. There are also many business schools, including HEC, INSEAD, ESSEC, and ESCP Europe. The administrative school such as ENA has been relocated to Strasbourg, the political science school Sciences-Po is still located in Paris' 7th arrondissement, the most prestigious university for social sciences, the École des hautes études en sciences sociales is located in Paris' 6th arrondissement and the most prestigious university of economics and finance, Paris-Dauphine, is located in Paris' 16th. The Parisian school of journalism CELSA department of the Paris-Sorbonne University is located in Neuilly-sur-Seine. Paris is also home to several of France's most famous high-schools such as Lycée Louis-le-Grand, Lycée Henri-IV, Lycée Janson de Sailly and Lycée Condorcet. The National Institute of Sport and Physical Education, located in the 12th arrondissement, is both a physical education institute and high-level training centre for elite athletes.

Question: Where is CESLA located?
Answer: Neuilly-sur-Seine
Camphill Svetlana
Camphill Svetlana Village is a therapeutic intentional community of nearly 40 residents in Russia serving people with special needs or disabilities. It was established in 1992 and is part of the international Camphill Movement. 
Camphill Movement
The Camphill Movement is an initiative for social change based on the principles of anthroposophy. Camphill communities are residential communities and schools that provide support for the education, employment, and daily lives of adults and children with developmental disabilities, mental health problems, or other special needs.

Question: Where is the community that provides support for the education, employment, and daily lives of adults and children with developmental disabilities, mental health problems, or other special needs located?
Answer: Russia
Idealism
Kierkegaard criticized Hegel's idealist philosophy in several of his works, particularly his claim to a comprehensive system that could explain the whole of reality. Where Hegel argues that an ultimate understanding of the logical structure of the world is an understanding of the logical structure of God's mind, Kierkegaard asserts that for God reality can be a system but it cannot be so for any human individual because both reality and humans are incomplete and all philosophical systems imply completeness. For Hegel, a logical system is possible but an existential system is not: "What is rational is actual; and what is actual is rational". Hegel's absolute idealism blurs the distinction between existence and thought: our mortal nature places limits on our understanding of reality;

Question: Who was a notable critic of Hegel?
Answer: Kierkegaard
Copper
The metal's distinctive natural green patina has long been coveted by architects and designers. The final patina is a particularly durable layer that is highly resistant to atmospheric corrosion, thereby protecting the underlying metal against further weathering. It can be a mixture of carbonate and sulfate compounds in various amounts, depending upon environmental conditions such as sulfur-containing acid rain. Architectural copper and its alloys can also be 'finished' to take on a particular look, feel, or color. Finishes include mechanical surface treatments, chemical coloring, and coatings.

Question: What can be done to copper to give it a certain look?
Answer: finished
The Front Line (2011 film)
The Front Line (; also known as "Battle of Highlands") is a 2011 South Korean war film directed by Jang Hoon, set during the 1953 ceasefire of the Korean War. This is the third film by director Jang Hoon, after completing "Secret Reunion" and "Rough Cut". It won four Grand Bell Awards, including Best Film. It was selected as South Korea's submission to the 84th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, but did not make the final shortlist.
Secret Reunion
Secret Reunion (; lit. "Sworn Brothers" or "Blood Brothers") is a 2010 South Korean action film directed by Jang Hoon, and one of the highest grossing Korean films of 2010.

Question: Which film, The Front Line or Secret Reunion, one of the highest grossing Korean films of 2010?
Answer: Secret Reunion