qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Billy the Kid
Henry McCarty (September 17 or November 23, 1859July 14, 1881), better known as "Billy the Kid" and also by the pseudonym William H. Bonney, was an outlaw and gunfighter of the American Old West who killed eight men before he was shot and killed at the age of 21. He also fought in New Mexico's Lincoln County War, during which he allegedly committed three murders.
Billy the Kid
McCarty was orphaned at the age of 14. His first arrest was for stealing food, at the age of 16, in late 1875. Ten days later, he robbed a Chinese laundry and was again arrested, but escaped shortly afterwards. He fled from New Mexico Territory into neighboring Arizona Territory, making him both an outlaw and a federal fugitive. In 1877, McCarty began to refer to himself as "William H. Bonney". Two different versions of a wanted poster dated September 23, 1875, refer to him as "Wm. Wright, better known as Billy the Kid".
Sister Blandina
Blandina Segale, more commonly known as Sister Blandina (23 May 1850 – 23 February 1941) was an Italian-born American Sister of Charity of Cincinnati and missionary, who became widely known through her service on the American frontier in the late 19th century. During her missionary work, she met, among others, Billy the Kid and the leaders of the Native American tribes of the Apache and Comanche. She served as an educator and social worker who worked in Ohio, Colorado and New Mexico, assisting Native Americans, Hispanic settlers and European immigrants.

Question:  During her missionary work, Blandina Segale, Henry McCarty, who was more famously known as who?
Answer: Billy the Kid
Protestantism
Protestants also took the initiative in advocating for religious freedom. Freedom of conscience had high priority on the theological, philosophical, and political agendas since Luther refused to recant his beliefs before the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms (1521). In his view, faith was a free work of the Holy Spirit and could, therefore, not be forced on a person. The persecuted Anabaptists and Huguenots demanded freedom of conscience, and they practised separation of church and state. In the early seventeenth century, Baptists like John Smyth and Thomas Helwys published tracts in defense of religious freedom. Their thinking influenced John Milton and John Locke's stance on tolerance. Under the leadership of Baptist Roger Williams, Congregationalist Thomas Hooker, and Quaker William Penn, respectively, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania combined democratic constitutions with freedom of religion. These colonies became safe havens for persecuted religious minorities, including Jews. The United States Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the American Bill of Rights with its fundamental human rights made this tradition permanent by giving it a legal and political framework. The great majority of American Protestants, both clergy and laity, strongly supported the independence movement. All major Protestant churches were represented in the First and Second Continental Congresses. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the American democracy became a model for numerous other countries and regions throughout the world (e.g., Latin America, Japan, and Germany). The strongest link between the American and French Revolutions was Marquis de Lafayette, an ardent supporter of the American constitutional principles. The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was mainly based on Lafayette's draft of this document. The Declaration by United Nations and Universal Declaration of Human Rights also echo the American constitutional tradition.

Question: Where did Luther refuse to change his beliefs?
Answer: Worms
Andy Ernst
Andy "Andro" Ernst is a music producer, engineer, musician, and songwriter from San Francisco. Artists he has worked with include: Green Day, AFI, Sway & King Tech, Rancid, Tiger Army, The Nerve Agents, Malo, Link 80, Screeching Weasel, Swingin' Utters, Screw 32, Good Riddance, Fury 66, Shock G and Money B. The majority of his work has been punk rock. Ernst owns and operates the Art of Ears Studio in Hayward, California, previously located in San Francisco.
Shock G
Gregory Jacobs, known professionally as Shock G (and his alter ego Humpty Hump), is an American musician, rapper, and lead vocalist for the hip hop group Digital Underground. He is responsible for Digital Underground's "The Humpty Dance", 2Pac's breakthrough single "I Get Around", and co-producer of 2Pac's debut album "2Pacalypse Now".

Question: Name the songwriter from San Francisco who operates the Art of Ears Studio and who worked with the lead vocalist for the hip hop group Digital Underground?
Answer: Andy "Andro" Ernst
Julmust
Julmust ( "yule" and " " "not-yet-fermented juice of fruit or berries", though there is no such juice in "julmust") is a soft drink that is mainly consumed in Sweden around Christmas. During the rest of the year, except Easter, it is usually quite difficult to find in stores, but sometimes it is sold at other times of the year under the name "must". During Easter the name is (from " ", "Easter"). The content is the same regardless of the marketing name, although the length of time it is stored before bottling differs; however, the beverage is more closely associated with Christmas, somewhat less with Easter and traditionally not at all with the summer. 45 million litres of "julmust" are consumed during December, which is around 50% of the total soft drink volume in December and 75% of the total yearly must sales.
Diet Rite
Diet Rite is a brand of no-calorie soft drinks originally distributed by the RC Cola company.

Question: Which soft drink, Diet Rite or Julmust, is popular in Sweden during Christmas?
Answer: Julmust
TurboDuo
The TurboDuo is a fourth-generation video game console developed by NEC Home Electronics and Hudson Soft for the North American market. The TurboDuo was test-marketed in Los Angeles in October 1992, before a nationwide rollout in May 1993. It is the North American version of the Japanese PC Engine Duo game console which was released in September 1991.
TurboDuo
In the United States, the TurboDuo was marketed by Turbo Technologies, Inc. (or TTI) of Los Angeles, a joint venture of NEC Home Electronics and Hudson Soft. It was established to market NEC consoles in North America after NEC Home Electronics USA failed to effectively market the platform.
Super Air Zonk: Rockabilly-Paradise
Super Air Zonk: Rockabilly-Paradise, released in Japan as , is a horizontal scrolling shooter developed by Dual and published by Hudson Soft. It was released for the TurboGrafx-CD/TurboDuo in 1993, and was released on the Wii's Virtual Console on November 19, 2007 in North America.

Question: Super Air Zonk: Rockabilly-Paradise was released in 1993 for which fourth-generation video game console?
Answer: TurboDuo
History of science
Historical linguistics emerged as an independent field of study at the end of the 18th century. Sir William Jones proposed that Sanskrit, Persian, Greek, Latin, Gothic, and Celtic languages all shared a common base. After Jones, an effort to catalog all languages of the world was made throughout the 19th century and into the 20th century. Publication of Ferdinand de Saussure's "Cours de linguistique générale" created the development of descriptive linguistics. Descriptive linguistics, and the related structuralism movement caused linguistics to focus on how language changes over time, instead of just describing the differences between languages. Noam Chomsky further diversified linguistics with the development of generative linguistics in the 1950s. His effort is based upon a mathematical model of language that allows for the description and prediction of valid syntax. Additional specialties such as sociolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, and computational linguistics have emerged from collaboration between linguistics and other disciplines.

Question: What method did Chomsky use to develop generative linguistics?
Answer: a mathematical model of language
Atlantic City, New Jersey
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the city include Chelsea, City Island, Great Island and Venice Park.

Question: Besides Chelsea, City Island, and Great Island, what other community, locality, or place name is included in the city?
Answer: Venice Park
Debut (Björk album)
Debut is the debut studio album by Icelandic recording artist Björk as an international singer, released in July 1993 by One Little Indian and Elektra Entertainment. It was produced by Björk and Nellee Hooper. It was Björk's first recording following the dissolution of her previous band, the Sugarcubes. The album departed from the rock style of her previous work and drew from an eclectic variety of styles, including electronic pop, house music, jazz and trip hop.
Vessel (DVD)
Vessel is the first live long-form video by Icelandic musician Björk, directed by Stéphane Sednaoui and produced by Elektra Entertainment. It was released in VHS on 5 September 1994, by One Little Indian, with a DVD reissue taking place on 13 May 2003. The release documents a concert by the artist during the 1994 tour held in support of her studio album "Debut" (1993). It contains ten songs from the album, in addition to a B-side; an interview with Björk is interspersed throughout the setlist. "Vessel" was subject to mixed reviews from music critics, who had polarizing opinions on both the performances and Sednaoui's editing.

Question: What is the year of the event which occurred first, Vessel was released, or Debut was released?
Answer: 1993
Carol City, Florida
Carol City is a neighborhood in Miami Gardens, Florida, United States. The population was 61,233 at the 2010 census. It was formerly a census-designated place. 
Flo Rida
Tramar Lacel Dillard (born September 17, 1979), better known by his stage name Flo Rida ( , ), is an American rapper, singer and songwriter from Carol City, Florida. His 2007 breakout single "Low" was number one for 10 weeks in the United States and broke the record for digital download sales at the time of its release.

Question: Flo Rida is a singer from a neighborhood in what Florida city?
Answer: Miami Gardens
Age of Enlightenment
As musicians depended more and more on public support, public concerts became increasingly popular and helped supplement performers' and composers' incomes. The concerts also helped them to reach a wider audience. Handel, for example, epitomized this with his highly public musical activities in London. He gained considerable fame there with performances of his operas and oratorios. The music of Haydn and Mozart, with their Viennese Classical styles, are usually regarded as being the most in line with the Enlightenment ideals.

Question: What style of music did Haydn and Mozart share?
Answer: Viennese Classical
Fortuna Sittard
Fortuna Sittard is a football club in Sittard, Netherlands. The club currently plays its football in the 12,500 capacity Fortuna Sittard Stadion and features in the Eredivisie. The club was established through a merger of former clubs Fortuna 54 and Sittardia, which merged as the Fortuna Sittardia Combinatie on 1 July 1968.
Pieter Nys
Pieter Nys (born 13 July 1989 in Hasselt) is a Belgian football player who plays as a defensive midfielder for Bocholt in the Belgian Second Amateur Division. He formerly also played for RC Genk, Fortuna Sittard, Oud-Heverlee Leuven and Sparta Rotterdam.

Question: What sport does Pieter Nys and Fortuna Sittard have in common?
Answer: football
Chris Webber
Mayce Edward Christopher Webber III (born March 1, 1973) is an American former professional basketball player. He is a five-time NBA All-Star, a five-time All-NBA Team member, a former NBA Rookie of the Year, and a former number one overall NBA draftee. As a collegiate athlete, he was a first-team All-American and led the Michigan Wolverines' 1991 incoming freshman class known as the Fab Five that reached the 1992 and 1993 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship games as freshmen and sophomores. However, Webber was indicted by a federal grand jury and stripped of his All-American honors by the NCAA as a result of his direct involvement in the Ed Martin scandal. He is also a former National High School Basketball Player of the Year who led his high school Detroit Country Day to three Michigan State High School Basketball Championships, but never won any national championship in college or the NBA.
Chris Webber
Webber attended Detroit Country Day School from 1987-91 and at the time was the most recruited Michigan high school basketball player since Magic Johnson. Webber led Country Day to three MHSAA State championships. As a senior in high school Webber averaged 29.4 points and 13 rebounds per game. He was named Michigan's Mr. Basketball and the 1990–1991 National High School player of the year. He was named MVP in both the McDonald's and Dapper Dan All-Star games.
1997–98 Washington Wizards season
The 1997–98 NBA season was the Wizards' 37th season in the National Basketball Association. There was a new beginning for basketball in Washington, D.C. as the team changed its name to the "Wizards", fearing "Bullets" endorsed gun violence. The team also got a new logo, and new uniforms with blue, black and brown colors. The Wizards got off to a slow 5–11 start to the season, losing their first five home games at US Airways Arena before moving out of the longtime home that had been home to them since they moved to Washington. In December, they moved into their new arena, the MCI Center, posting a 24–12 home record for the remainder of the season. The Wizards won their final four games of the season to finish fourth in the Atlantic Division with a 42–40 record, falling just one game short of making the playoffs. Rod Strickland led the league with 10.5 assists per game and made the All-NBA Second Team. Following the season, Chris Webber was traded to the Sacramento Kings, and Gheorghe Mureșan, who missed the entire season with a foot injury was released.

Question: The basketball player that was traded to the Sacramento Kings following the 1997–98 Washington Wizards season was indicted for his involvement in what scandal?
Answer: the Ed Martin scandal
Crucifixion of Jesus
Paul's Christology has a specific focus on the death and resurrection of Jesus. For Paul, the crucifixion of Jesus is directly related to his resurrection and the term "the cross of Christ" used in may be viewed as his abbreviation of the message of the gospels. For Paul, the crucifixion of Jesus was not an isolated event in history, but a cosmic event with significant eschatological consequences, as in . In the Pauline view, Jesus, obedient to the point of death () died "at the right time" () based on the plan of God. For Paul the "power of the cross" is not separable from the Resurrection of Jesus.

Question: Paul claims the Resurrection was needed for what reason?
Answer: based on the plan of God
Hunter-gatherer
Some hunter-gatherer cultures, such as the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and the Yakuts, lived in particularly rich environments that allowed them to be sedentary or semi-sedentary. Amongst the earliest example of permanent settlements is the Osipovka culture (14–10.3 thousand years ago), which lived in a fish-rich environment that allowed them to be able to stay at the same place all year. One group, the Chumash, had the highest recorded population density of any known hunter and gatherer society with an estimated 21.6 persons per square mile.

Question: What does a lush environment allow hunter-gatherers to be?
Answer: sedentary or semi-sedentary
Uranium
The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium hydroxide. Klaproth assumed the yellow substance was the oxide of a yet-undiscovered element and heated it with charcoal to obtain a black powder, which he thought was the newly discovered metal itself (in fact, that powder was an oxide of uranium). He named the newly discovered element after the planet Uranus (named after the primordial Greek god of the sky), which had been discovered eight years earlier by William Herschel.

Question: Who discovered the planet Uranus?
Answer: William Herschel
Kamehameha II
Kamehameha II (  1797 – July 14, 1824) was the second king of the Kingdom of Hawaii. His birth name was Liholiho and full name was Kalaninui kua Liholiho i ke kapu ʻIolani. It was lengthened to Kalani Kaleiʻaimoku o Kaiwikapu o Laʻamea i Kauikawekiu Ahilapalapa Kealiʻi Kauinamoku o Kahekili Kalaninui i Mamao ʻIolani i Ka Liholiho when he took the throne. 
James Kānehoa
James Young Kānehoa (1797–1851) was a member of the court of King Kamehameha II and Kamehameha III during the Kingdom of Hawaii. Sometimes he is confused with his half-brother John Kalaipaihala Young II known as Keoni Ana.

Question: Who was a member of the court of the second king of the Kingdom of Hawaii that is often confused with his half-brother?
Answer: James Young Kānehoa
The Joshua Tree
The Joshua Tree is the fifth studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was produced by Daniel Lanois and Brian Eno, and was released on 9 March 1987 on Island Records. In contrast to the ambient experimentation of their 1984 release, "The Unforgettable Fire", the band aimed for a harder-hitting sound within the limitation of conventional song structures on "The Joshua Tree". The album is influenced by American and Irish roots music, and through sociopolitically conscious lyrics embellished with spiritual imagery, it contrasts the group's antipathy for the "real America" with their fascination with the "mythical America".
Dave Meegan
Dave Meegan is a record producer. He trained under Trevor Horn and is best known for his work with Marillion. Marillion guitarist Steve Rothery has said he admires Meegan's work so much he considers him to be "a sixth member of the band". He also worked for U2 as an engineer during the sessions for "The Joshua Tree" and "Rattle and Hum".

Question: Who worked as an engineer on the fifth studio album by U2?
Answer: Dave Meegan
Guinea-Bissau
Beginning around 2005, drug traffickers based in Latin America began to use Guinea-Bissau, along with several neighbouring West African nations, as a transshipment point to Europe for cocaine. The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state". The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état.

Question: When did drug traffickers begin to use Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: 2005
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad caliphate was marked both by territorial expansion and by the administrative and cultural problems that such expansion created. Despite some notable exceptions, the Umayyads tended to favor the rights of the old Arab families, and in particular their own, over those of newly converted Muslims (mawali). Therefore, they held to a less universalist conception of Islam than did many of their rivals. As G.R. Hawting has written, "Islam was in fact regarded as the property of the conquering aristocracy."

Question: What sorts of families did the Umayyads show favor to?
Answer: old Arab
Destiny's Child
Destiny's Child was an American girl group whose final and best-known line-up comprised Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland, and Michelle Williams. The group began their musical career as Girl's Tyme, formed in 1990 in Houston, Texas. After years of limited success, the quartet comprising Knowles, Rowland, LaTavia Roberson, and LeToya Luckett were signed in 1997 to Columbia Records as Destiny's Child. The group was launched into mainstream recognition following the release of their best-selling second album, "The Writing's on the Wall" (1999), which contained the number-one singles "Bills, Bills, Bills" and "Say My Name". Despite critical and commercial success, the group was plagued by internal conflict and legal turmoil, as Roberson and Luckett attempted to split from the group's manager Mathew Knowles, citing favoritism of Knowles and Rowland.
Live at Wembley (Beyoncé album)
Live at Wembley is a video album by American singer Beyoncé. It was released on April 26, 2004, by Sony Urban Music and Columbia Music Video. The DVD features her concert at Wembley Arena in London, as part of her Dangerously in Love Tour in support of her debut solo studio album "Dangerously in Love" (2003). Most of the songs on "Live at Wembley" originate from "Dangerously in Love", although Beyoncé also performed a medley of past songs by her former group Destiny's Child. "Live at Wembley" was critically acclaimed, with AllMusic giving it a grade of three-and-a-half stars out of five. The cover of Rose Royce's "Wishing on a Star", included on the album, was nominated in the category for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance at the 48th Annual Grammy Awards (2006).

Question: American singer Beyoncé's live album Live at Wemble included a medley of songs with this group she formerly associated with that was formed in 1997 and launched into mainstream recognition in 1999?
Answer: Destiny's Child
1993 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 1993 Mobil Cotton Bowl Classic was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 1993, at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, Texas. The bowl game featured the Notre Dame Fighting Irish versus the Southwest Conference champions, Texas A&M. Notre Dame upset the previously undefeated Aggies in a 28–3 victory.
Cotton Bowl (stadium)
The Cotton Bowl is an outdoor stadium in Dallas, Texas, United States. Opened in 1930 as "Fair Park Stadium," it is on the site of the State Fair of Texas.
Cotton Bowl (stadium)
The Cotton Bowl was the longtime home of the annual college football post-season bowl game known as the Cotton Bowl Classic, for which the stadium is named. Starting on New Year's Day 1937, it hosted the first 73 editions of the game, through January 2009; the game was moved to AT&T Stadium in Arlington in January 2010. The stadium also hosts the Red River Showdown, the annual college football game between the Oklahoma Sooners and the Texas Longhorns, and the First Responder Bowl.

Question: The 1993 Mobil Cotton Bowl Classic was played at a stadium that was opened in what year?
Answer: 1930
B5300 road
The B5300 (known locally as the Coast Road) is a B road which runs for approximately twelve miles between the towns of Silloth and Maryport in the Allerdale borough of Cumbria, United Kingdom. From north to south, it passes through the villages of Blitterlees, Beckfoot, Mawbray, Dubmill, and Allonby. It runs through the Solway Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, passes close to the Salta Moss Site of Special Scientific Interest, Milefortlet 21, a Roman archaeological site, the salt pans, a remnant of the Solway plain's medieval saltmaking industry, and the village of Crosscanonby. It is an important route for carrying goods to and from Silloth docks and Maryport harbour. It is also the major road connecting smaller coastal settlements with Maryport and Silloth, from where other roads lead to Workington, Whitehaven, Wigton, and Carlisle. A short section of the road between Dubmill and Mawbray was closed in February 2019 due to coastal erosion, and reopened in June 2019.
Workington
Workington is a coastal town and civil parish at the mouth of the River Derwent on the west coast of Cumbria, England, historically in Cumberland. At the 2011 Census it had a population of 25,207.

Question: Which town along the B5300 road is 32 miles East of Carlisle?
Answer: Workington
CSX Transportation Building
The CSX Transportation Building is a 251 ft high-rise office building located in Jacksonville, Florida. Completed in 1960, the building currently serves as headquarters for CSX Corporation. The building is located in the Northbank area of Downtown Jacksonville, along the banks of the St. Johns River. Its former names include Atlantic Coast Line Building and Seaboard Coastline Railroad Building. Designed by KBJ Architects, the CSX Transportation Building is a LEED certified building and is an example of Mid-century modern and International style architecture.
CSX Corporation
CSX Corporation is an American holding company focused on rail transportation and real estate in North America, among other industries. The company was established in 1980 as part of the Chessie System and Seaboard Coast Line Industries merger. The various railroads of the former Chessie System and Seaboard Coast Line Industries that are now owned by CSX Corporation were eventually merged into a single line in 1986 and it became known as CSX Transportation. CSX Corporation currently has a number of subsidiaries beyond CSX Transportation. Based in Richmond, Virginia, USA after the merger, in 2003 the CSX Corporation headquarters moved to Jacksonville, Florida. CSX is a Fortune 500 company. 
CSX Corporation
CSX Transportation is a Class I railroad operating in the eastern United States and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The railroad operates approximately 21,000 route miles (34,000 km) of track.

Question: Where in Jacksonville is the company that was established in 1978 located?
Answer: along the banks of the St. Johns River
Samoa
The Samoan "siva" dance has unique gentle movements of the body in time to music and tells a story, although the Samoan male dances can be more snappy. The "sasa" is also a traditional dance where rows of dancers perform rapid synchronised movements in time to the rhythm of wooden drums "(pate)" or rolled mats. Another dance performed by males is called the "fa'ataupati" or the slap dance, creating rhythmic sounds by slapping different parts of the body. This is believed to have been derived from slapping insects on the body.

Question: What's the name of the traditional Samoan dance performed by synchronized rows of dancers?
Answer: sasa
Rihanna
Robyn Rihanna Fenty ( ; born February 20, 1988) is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, actress, businesswoman and philanthropist. Born in Saint Michael and raised in Bridgetown, Barbados, Rihanna moved to the United States in 2005 when she signed with Def Jam. She gained recognition following the release of her first two studio albums, "Music of the Sun" (2005) and "A Girl like Me" (2006), both of which were influenced by Caribbean music and peaked within the top ten of the US "Billboard" 200 chart.
Rihanna
Rihanna's third album, "Good Girl Gone Bad" (2007), incorporated elements of dance-pop, catapulted her to stardom, and established her status as a sex symbol in the music industry. Its international chart-topping single "Umbrella" earned Rihanna her first Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration. Rihanna continued to mix pop, dance, and R&B genres on her next four albums, "Rated R" (2009), "Loud" (2010), "Talk That Talk" (2011), and the Grammy Award-winning "Unapologetic" (2012). All four releases combined various other musical styles and consolidated Rihanna's commercial success, with "Unapologetic" being her first number-one album in the US. The records spawned a string of chart-topping singles, including "Rude Boy", "Only Girl (In the World)", "What's My Name?", "S&M", "We Found Love", "Diamonds", and "Stay". Her eighth album, "Anti" (2016), showcased a new creative control following her departure from Def Jam. It became her second US number-one album and featured the chart-topping single "Work". Rihanna has released collaborative hit singles with artists such as Drake, Eminem, and Calvin Harris.
Chase & Status
Chase & Status are an English electronic music duo composed of Saul Milton (Chase) and Will Kennard (Status). In addition, MC Rage assists the group when they perform DJ and live sets while Andy Gangadeen is the drummer when the band performs live. The duo are from London, and formed in 2003 after meeting at university in Manchester. The duo have since released five studio albums as well as collaborating with major artists such as Plan B, CeeLo Green, Rihanna, Example, Dave Ball (The Grid), and Tinie Tempah. They run the independent record label MTA Records.

Question: Chase & Status, an English drum and bass production band composed of Saul Milton (Chase) and Will Kennard (Status), collaborated with what artist, who rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album "Music of the Sun" and its follow-up "A Girl like Me"?
Answer: Rihanna
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan ( or ; " ", ] ), also known as Turkmenia, is a sovereign country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west. Ashgabat is the capital and largest city of the country. The population of the country is 6 million, the lowest of the Central Asian republics. Turkmenistan is one of the most sparsely populated nations in Asia. Citizens of Turkmenistan are known as Turkmenistanis. 
Iran
Iran ( ] ( ) ), also called Persia, and officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( ( ) ] ), is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Its central location in Eurasia and proximity to the Strait of Hormuz give it significant geostrategic importance. Tehran is the capital and largest city, as well as the leading economic and cultural hub; it is also the most populous city in Western Asia, with more than 8.8 million residents, and up to 15 million including the metropolitan area. With 83 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th most populous country. Spanning 1648195 km2 , it is the second largest country in the Middle East and the 17th largest in the world.

Question: Who is the northwestern  neighbor of the country that boarders Iran on the northeast?
Answer: Kazakhstan
Clothing
Different cultures have evolved various ways of creating clothes out of cloth. One approach simply involves draping the cloth. Many people wore, and still wear, garments consisting of rectangles of cloth wrapped to fit – for example, the dhoti for men and the sari for women in the Indian subcontinent, the Scottish kilt and the Javanese sarong. The clothes may simply be tied up (dhoti and sari); or pins or belts hold the garments in place (kilt and sarong). The cloth remains uncut, and people of various sizes can wear the garment.

Question: Various cultures have come up with ways of making clothes from what?
Answer: cloth
Villarreal CF
Villarreal Club de Fútbol, S.A.D. ( ), usually abbreviated to Villarreal CF or just Villarreal, is a Spanish football club in Villarreal, a city in the province of Castellón within the Valencian Community. Founded in 1923, it plays in La Liga, holding home games at Estadio de la Cerámica, with a capacity of 24,890.
Estadio de la Cerámica
Estadio de la Cerámica, formerly and informally called El Madrigal (] ), is a football stadium in Villarreal, Spain, used since 1923. It is currently the home venue of Villarreal CF of La Liga, the highest football league in Spain.

Question: Villareal CF holds home games in a stadium formerly known by what name?
Answer: El Madrigal
Ohio Valley Wrestling
Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) is an American independent professional wrestling promotion based in Louisville, Kentucky. The company is currently run by Al Snow, who took over from founder and former owner Nightmare Danny Davis.
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW was initially a member promotion of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) from its inception in 1993 until 2000, when it became the primary developmental territory for WWE. It remained in this role from 2000 until 2008. The promotion was unaffiliated from February 7, 2008 until November 2011, when it became the farm territory for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA; now Impact Wrestling). This relationship initially ended on November 2, 2013, but on March 19, 2019, OVW and Impact re-established their developmental agreement.
OVW Television Championship
The OVW Television Championship was the secondary championship of Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), started on January 5, 2005. When the title was originally conceived, the champion defended against randomly selected opponents, with the winner receiving a check for $1000. The title became represented by a large trophy in the summer of 2005, before being changed to a traditional championship belt in the spring of 2006.
OVW Television Championship
The inaugural champion was Brent Albright who defeated Seth Skyfire to win the championship on January 26, 2005. Jamin Olivencia holds the record for most reigns, with eight. At days, Seth Skyfire's first reign is the longest in the title's history. David Lee Lorenze III, Jamin Olivencia and Mohamad Ali Vaez share the record for shortest reign in the title's history at less than a day. AJZ was the final champion, in his first reign. Overall, there have been 143 reigns shared among 79 wrestlers, with 12 vacancies.

Question: What is the secondary championship of the American independent professional wrestling promotion run by owner Nightmare Danny Davis?
Answer: OVW Television Championship
Cheshire East
Cheshire East is a unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The local authority is Cheshire East Council.
Listed buildings in Minshull Vernon
Minshull Vernon is a civil parish in Cheshire East, England. It contains 17 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, all of which are at Grade II. This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". Apart from the village of Minshull Vernon and the settlement of Bradfield Green, the parish is rural. Passing through the parish is the Middlewich Branch of the Shropshire Union Canal, and six of the listed buildings are associated with it, five bridges and an aqueduct. Otherwise the listed buildings comprise farmhouses, houses and associated structures, a war memorial, and two churches.

Question: Minshull Vernon is a civil parish in which unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England?
Answer: Cheshire East
Hellenistic period
In 215 BC Philip, with his eye on Illyria, formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Hannibal of Carthage, which led to Roman alliances with the Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC. Philip continued to wage war against Pergamum and Rhodes for control of the Aegean (204–200 BC) and ignored Roman demands for non-intervention in Greece by invading Attica. In 198 BC, during the Second Macedonian War Philip was decisively defeated at Cynoscephalae by the Roman proconsul Titus Quinctius Flamininus and Macedon lost all its territories in Greece proper. Southern Greece was now thoroughly brought into the Roman sphere of influence, though it retained nominal autonomy. The end of Antigonid Macedon came when Philip V's son, Perseus, was defeated and captured by the Romans in the Third Macedonian War (171–168 BC).

Question: How did the First Macedonian War end?
Answer: inconclusively
United States Capitol
The United States Capitol, often called the Capitol Building, is the home of the United States Congress and the seat of the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government. It is located on Capitol Hill at the eastern end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C.. Though no longer at the geographic center of the Federal District, the Capitol forms the origin point for the District's street-numbering system and the District's four quadrants.
Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan
The second inauguration of Ronald Reagan as President of the United States was held in a small televised ceremony on Sunday, January 20, 1985, at the Grand Foyer of the White House, and was to be repeated the following day, January 21, 1985 at the West Front of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., before being moved to the Capitol's rotunda. This was the 50th inauguration and marked the commencement of the second and final four-year term of both Ronald Reagan as President and of George H. W. Bush as Vice President. At 73 years, 349 days of age on Inauguration Day, Reagan was the oldest U.S. president to date to be sworn in.

Question: The second inauguration of Ronald Reagan as President of the United States was held privately on Sunday, which date, in the Grand Foyer of the White House, and publicly the following day, January 21, 1985 at the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., the United States Capitol, often called the Capitol Building, is the home of the United States Congress, and the seat of the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government?
Answer: January 20, 1985
Frédéric Chopin
Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, "Souvenir de Paganini". It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, he made his debut in Vienna. He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists". In one of these concerts, he premiered his Variations on "Là ci darem la mano", Op. 2 (variations on a duet from Mozart's opera "Don Giovanni") for piano and orchestra. He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830.

Question: What did Frédéric compose after hearing Niccolò Paganini perform on the violin?
Answer: Souvenir de Paganini
Jeffrey Skilling
Jeffrey Keith Skilling (born November 25, 1953) is an American former businessman and convicted felon best known as the CEO of Enron Corporation during the Enron scandal. In 2006, he was convicted of federal felony charges relating to Enron's collapse and eventually sentenced to 24 years in prison. The Supreme Court of the United States heard arguments in the appeal of the case March 1, 2010. On June 24, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated part of Skilling's conviction and transferred the case back to the lower court for resentencing.
Jeffrey Skilling
In April 2011, a three-judge panel of the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the verdict would have been the same despite the legal issues being discussed, and Skilling's conviction was confirmed; however, the court ruled Skilling should be resentenced. Skilling appealed this new decision to the Supreme Court, but the appeal was denied. In 2013, the United States Department of Justice reached a deal with Skilling, which resulted in ten years being cut from his sentence, reducing it to 14 years. He was moved to a halfway house in August 2018 and released from custody in February 2019, after serving 12 years.
Skilling v. United States
Skilling v. United States, 561 U.S. 358 (2010), is a United States Supreme Court case interpreting the honest services fraud statute, . The case involves former Enron CEO Jeffrey Skilling and the honest services fraud statute, which prohibits "a scheme or artifice to deprive another of the intangible right of honest services". The Court found the statute vague, meaning it was written in a manner that almost anyone could be convicted of the statute by engaging in most legal activities. However, the Court refused to void the statute as unconstitutionally vague. The Court decided to limit the application of the statute only to defendants who hold a fiduciary duty and they participate in bribery and kickback schemes. The Court supported its decision not to rule the statute void for vagueness on its obligation to construe and not condemn Congress' laws. Ultimately, Skilling's sentence was reduced by 10 years as a result.

Question: When was the former CEO of Enron Corporation.who had a case in theUnited States Supreme Court born 
Answer: November 25, 1953
Chicago Cubs
The team's commitment to contend was complete when Green made a midseason deal on June 15 to shore up the starting rotation due to injuries to Rick Reuschel (5–5) and Sanderson. The deal brought 1979 NL Rookie of the Year pitcher Rick Sutcliffe from the Cleveland Indians. Joe Carter (who was with the Triple-A Iowa Cubs at the time) and right fielder Mel Hall were sent to Cleveland for Sutcliffe and back-up catcher Ron Hassey (.333 with Cubs in 1984). Sutcliffe (5–5 with the Indians) immediately joined Sanderson (8–5 3.14), Eckersley (10–8 3.03), Steve Trout (13–7 3.41) and Dick Ruthven (6–10 5.04) in the starting rotation. Sutcliffe proceeded to go 16–1 for Cubs and capture the Cy Young Award.

Question: Why did Green make a deal to shore up the starting rotation?
Answer: due to injuries to Rick Reuschel (5–5) and Sanderson
Rosie O'Donnell
In addition to comedy, film, and television, O'Donnell has also been a magazine editor, celebrity blogger, and author of several memoirs, including "Find Me" (2002) and "Celebrity Detox" (2007). She used the "Find Me" $3 million advance to establish her For All foundation and promote other charity projects, encouraging celebrities on her show to take part.
Rosie O'Donnell
She has also been an outspoken advocate for lesbian rights and gay adoption issues. O'Donnell is a foster and adoptive mother. She was named "The Advocate"'s 2002 Person of the Year; in May 2003, she became a regular contributor to the magazine. O'Donnell also continues to be a television producer and a collaborative partner in the LGBT family vacation company, R Family Vacations.
Another Stakeout
Another Stakeout is a 1993 American buddy cop action comedy film directed by John Badham and starring Richard Dreyfuss, Emilio Estevez and Rosie O'Donnell. It is a sequel to the 1987 film, "Stakeout". Unlike its predecessor, the film was neither a critical nor a commercial success.

Question: What is the name of the LGBT family vacation company is this American comedian, actress, author, and television personality, who appeared in Another Stakeout, a partner in?
Answer: R Family Vacations
Madonna
Madonna's music has been the subject of much analysis and scrutiny. Robert M. Grant, author of "Contemporary Strategy Analysis" (2005), commented that what has brought Madonna success is "certainly not outstanding natural talent. As a vocalist, musician, dancer, songwriter, or actress, Madonna's talents seem modest." He asserts Madonna's success is in relying on the talents of others, and that her personal relationships have served as cornerstones to the numerous reinventions in the longevity of her career. The author believed that Madonna's approach was far from the music industry wisdom of "Find a winning formula and stick to it". Her musical career has been a continuous experimentation with new musical ideas and new images and a constant quest for new heights of fame and acclaim. Grant concluded that "having established herself as the queen of popular music, Madonna did not stop there, but continued re-inventing." According to Thomas Harrison in the book "Pop Goes the Decade: The Eighties", Madonna was "an artist who pushed the boundaries" of what a female singer could do, both visually and lyrically.
Madonna
Throughout her career Madonna has been involved in writing and producing most of her own music. Stuart Price, one of her past collaborators, said that "You don't produce Madonna, you collaborate with her. She's a really good producer herself and obviously a great writer too. She has her vision and knows how to get it." Madonna's early songwriting skill was developed during her time with the Breakfast Club in 1979. According to Carol Gnojewski, her first attempts at songwriting are perceived as an important "self-revelation". Madonna later became the sole writer of five songs on her debut album, including "Lucky Star" which she composed on synthesizer. As a songwriter, she has registered a total of 287 songs to ASCAP, including 18 songs written entirely by herself. "Rolling Stone" has named her "an exemplary songwriter with a gift for hooks and indelible lyrics." According to Freya Jarman-Ivens, Madonna's talent for developing "incredible" hooks for her songs allows the lyrics to capture the attention of the audience, even without the influence of the music. Despite having worked with producers across many genres, "Rolling Stone" writes that Madonna's songs have been "consistently stamped with her own sensibility and inflected with autobiographical detail." She has criticized "songwriting camps" which she had to undergo during album cycles for "Rebel Heart" and "MDNA", due to the fact that people are always in a hurry. She clarified her preference for writing material with other artists "from beginning to the end" of a record, and described her songs as "meant to be ironic and not taken literally, and some are just straight-up, 'Open my veins, this is who I am'." Madonna has been nominated for being inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame three times, for 2014, 2016 and 2017 ceremony. In 2015, "Rolling Stone" ranked Madonna at number 56 on the "100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time" list.

Question: Who has established herself as a Queen of Popular Music?
Answer: Madonna
Heresy
In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treason, notably Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher, for refusing to accept the king's supremacy over the Church in England. Under Edward VI, the heresy laws were repealed in 1547 only to be reintroduced in 1554 by Mary I; even so two radicals were executed in Edward's reign (one for denying the reality of the incarnation, the other for denying Christ's divinity). Under Mary, around two hundred and ninety people were burned at the stake between 1555 and 1558 after the restoration of papal jurisdiction. When Elizabeth I came to the throne, the concept of heresy was retained in theory but severely restricted by the 1559 "Act of Supremacy" and the one hundred and eighty or so Catholics who were executed in the forty-five years of her reign were put to death because they were considered members of "a subversive fifth column." The last execution of a "heretic" in England occurred under James VI and I in 1612. Although the charge was technically one of "blasphemy" there was one later execution in Scotland (still at that date an entirely independent kingdom) when in 1697 Thomas Aikenhead was accused, among other things, of denying the doctrine of the Trinity.

Question: What two notable figures are cited to have perished for refusing to give up the Church in England?
Answer: Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher
Mother!
Mother! (stylized as mother!) is a 2017 American psychological horror film written and directed by Darren Aronofsky, and starring Jennifer Lawrence, Javier Bardem, Ed Harris, and Michelle Pfeiffer. The plot follows a young woman whose tranquil life with her husband at their country home is disrupted by the arrival of a mysterious couple.
Matthew Libatique
Matthew Libatíque, ASC (born July 19, 1968) is an American cinematographer who is known for his work with director Darren Aronofsky on the films "Pi" (1998), "Requiem for a Dream" (2000), "The Fountain" (2006), "Black Swan" (2010), "Noah" (2014) and "Mother!" (2017)"." He also shot Bradley Cooper's directorial debut film, "A Star Is Born" (2018), which received critical acclaim.

Question: When was the American psychological horror film, starring Matthew Libatique, released?
Answer: 2017