qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
North Carolina
North Carolina provides a large range of recreational activities, from swimming at the beach to skiing in the mountains. North Carolina offers fall colors, freshwater and saltwater fishing, hunting, birdwatching, agritourism, ATV trails, ballooning, rock climbing, biking, hiking, skiing, boating and sailing, camping, canoeing, caving (spelunking), gardens, and arboretums. North Carolina has theme parks, aquariums, museums, historic sites, lighthouses, elegant theaters, concert halls, and fine dining.

Question: In the Fall, people go to North Carolina to see what?
Answer: fall colors
Frédéric Chopin
Chopin's successes as a composer and performer opened the door to western Europe for him, and on 2 November 1830, he set out, in the words of Zdzisław Jachimecki, "into the wide world, with no very clearly defined aim, forever." With Woyciechowski, he headed for Austria again, intending to go on to Italy. Later that month, in Warsaw, the November 1830 Uprising broke out, and Woyciechowski returned to Poland to enlist. Chopin, now alone in Vienna, was nostalgic for his homeland, and wrote to a friend, "I curse the moment of my departure." When in September 1831 he learned, while travelling from Vienna to Paris, that the uprising had been crushed, he expressed his anguish in the pages of his private journal: "Oh God! ... You are there, and yet you do not take vengeance!" Jachimecki ascribes to these events the composer's maturing "into an inspired national bard who intuited the past, present and future of his native Poland."

Question: In what year did his companion Woyciechowski depart to Poland to enlist for the uprising in Warsaw?
Answer: 1830
The Wind's Twelve Quarters
The Wind's Twelve Quarters is a collection of short stories by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin, named after a line from A. E. Housman's "A Shropshire Lad" and first published by Harper & Row in 1975. Described by Le Guin as a retrospective, it collects 17 previously published stories, four of which were the germ of novels she was to write later: "The Word of Unbinding" and "The Rule of Names" gave Le Guin the place that was to become Earthsea; "Semley's Necklace" was first published as "Dowry of the Angyar" in 1964 and then as the Prologue of the novel "Rocannon's World" in 1966; "Winter's King" is about the inhabitants of the planet Winter, as is Le Guin's later novel "The Left Hand of Darkness". Most of the other stories are also connected to Le Guin's novels. The story "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" won the Hugo Award in 1974, while "The Day Before the Revolution" won the Locus and Nebula Awards in 1975.
The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas
"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" is a 1973 work of short philosophical fiction by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin. With deliberately both vague and vivid descriptions, the narrator depicts a summer festival in the utopian city of Omelas, whose prosperity depends on the perpetual misery of a single child. "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" was nominated for the Locus Award for Best Short Fiction in 1974 and won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story in 1974.

Question: The short story from The Wind’s Twelve Quarters that won the Hugo Award in 1974 was published in what year?
Answer: 1973
Near East
The United States is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East. Within the government the State Department has been most influential in promulgating the Near Eastern regional system. The countries of the former empires of the 19th century have in general abandoned the term and the subdivision in favor of Middle East, North Africa, and various forms of Asia. In many cases, such as France, no distinct regional substructures have been employed. Each country has its own French diplomatic apparatus, although regional terms, including Proche-Orient and Moyen-Orient, can be used in a descriptive sense.

Question: What has the state department been most influential in promulgating?
Answer: the Near Eastern regional system
Soulja Boy
DeAndre Cortez Way (born July 28, 1990), better known as Soulja Boy Tell 'Em or simply Soulja Boy, is an American rapper, record producer, actor and entrepreneur. In September 2007, his debut single "Crank That (Soulja Boy)" peaked at number one on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100. The single was initially self-published to the internet, and later became a number-one hit in the United States for seven non-consecutive weeks starting in September 2007. On August 17, Way was listed at number 18 on the "Forbes" list of Hip-Hop Cash Kings of 2010 for earning $7 million that year.
Rico Beats
Ricardo Lamarre, known professionally as Rico Beats, is an American record executive, record producer, and songwriter. His most notable production credits are DJ Khaled's "Take That Off", Nicki Minaj's "Roman Reloaded", Soulja Boy's "Mean Mug", Iggy Azalea's "Comme Des Garcons" and Pusha T's "Exodus 23:1".

Question: Who worked with Rico Beats and also had a number-one hit for seven non-consecutive weeks in the United States?
Answer: Soulja Boy
Humanism
Raymond B. Bragg, the associate editor of "The New Humanist", sought to consolidate the input of Leon Milton Birkhead, Charles Francis Potter, and several members of the Western Unitarian Conference. Bragg asked Roy Wood Sellars to draft a document based on this information which resulted in the publication of the "Humanist Manifesto" in 1933. Potter's book and the Manifesto became the cornerstones of modern humanism, the latter declaring a new religion by saying, "any religion that can hope to be a synthesising and dynamic force for today must be shaped for the needs of this age. To establish such a religion is a major necessity of the present." It then presented 15 theses of humanism as foundational principles for this new religion.

Question: Who became responsible in part for the editing of The New Humanist?
Answer: Raymond B. Bragg,
New Haven, Connecticut
After the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1776, the Connecticut colonial government ordered the construction of Black Rock Fort (to be built on top of an older 17th-century fort) to protect the port of New Haven. In 1779, during the Battle of New Haven, British soldiers captured Black Rock Fort and burned the barracks to the ground. The fort was reconstructed in 1807 by the federal government (on orders from the Thomas Jefferson administration), and rechristened Fort Nathan Hale, after the Revolutionary War hero who had lived in New Haven. The cannons of Fort Nathan Hale were successful in defying British war ships during the War of 1812. In 1863, during the Civil War, a second Fort Hale was built next to the original, complete with bomb-resistant bunkers and a moat, to defend the city should a Southern raid against New Haven be launched. The United States Congress deeded the site to the state in 1921, and all three versions of the fort have been restored. The site is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places and receives thousands of visitors each year.

Question: The federal government pass the ownership of the fort to the state of Connecticut, what year was this?
Answer: 1921
Catalan language
The same happens with Arabic loanwords. Thus, Catalan "large earthenware jar" and "tile", of Arabic origin, contrast with Spanish and , of Latin origin; whereas Catalan "oil" and "olive", of Latin origin, contrast with Spanish and . However, the Arabic element in Spanish is generally much more prevalent.

Question: What is the origin of the Spanish word teja?
Answer: Latin origin
European Central Bank
In central banking, the privileged status of the central bank is that it can make as much money as it deems needed. In the United States Federal Reserve Bank, the Federal Reserve buys assets: typically, bonds issued by the Federal government. There is no limit on the bonds that it can buy and one of the tools at its disposal in a financial crisis is to take such extraordinary measures as the purchase of large amounts of assets such as commercial paper. The purpose of such operations is to ensure that adequate liquidity is available for functioning of the financial system.

Question: What is the purpose of buying commercial paper in a time of financial crisis?
Answer: to ensure that adequate liquidity is available for functioning
Wood
In grading lumber and structural timber, knots are classified according to their form, size, soundness, and the firmness with which they are held in place. This firmness is affected by, among other factors, the length of time for which the branch was dead while the attaching stem continued to grow."Knots materially affect cracking and warping, ease in working, and cleavability of timber. They are defects which weaken timber and lower its value for structural purposes where strength is an important consideration. The weakening effect is much more serious when timber is subjected to forces perpendicular to the grain and/or tension than when under load along the grain and/or compression. The extent to which knots affect the strength of a beam depends upon their position, size, number, and condition. A knot on the upper side is compressed, while one on the lower side is subjected to tension. If there is a season check in the knot, as is often the case, it will offer little resistance to this tensile stress. Small knots, however, may be located along the neutral plane of a beam and increase the strength by preventing longitudinal shearing. Knots in a board or plank are least injurious when they extend through it at right angles to its broadest surface. Knots which occur near the ends of a beam do not weaken it. Sound knots which occur in the central portion one-fourth the height of the beam from either edge are not serious defects."

Question: What property of knots does the amount of time a branch stayed on a tree while the stem kept growing affect?
Answer: firmness
Nigeria
Internationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed "419", a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the "Nigerian scam", a form of confidence trick practised by individuals and criminal syndicates. These scams involve a complicit Nigerian bank (the laws being set up loosely to allow it) and a scammer who claims to have money he needs to obtain from that bank. The victim is talked into exchanging bank account information on the premise that the money will be transferred to them and they will get to keep a cut. In reality, money is taken out instead, and/or large fees (which seem small in comparison with the imaginary wealth he awaits) are deducted. In 2003, the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (or EFCC) was created, ostensibly to combat this and other forms of organised financial crime.

Question: What organization was created to combat the 419 scams?
Answer: the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission
Biodiversity
Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 10 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) of all organisms living on Earth.

Question: How many species have ever lived on earth?
Answer: over five billion species
Imidazole
Imidazole is an organic compound with the formula CNH. It is a white or colourless solid that is soluble in water, producing a mildly alkaline solution. In chemistry, it is an aromatic heterocycle, classified as a diazole, and has non-adjacent nitrogen atoms.
Carnosine
Carnosine ("beta"-alanyl--histidine) is a dipeptide molecule, made up of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues.

Question: Carnosine, a dipeptide molecule, featuring the characteristic ring of an inorganic compound with what formula? 
Answer: CNH
Modernism
Modernism is both a philosophical movement and an art movement that arose from broad transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new forms of art, religion, philosophy, and social organization which reflected the newly emerging industrial world, including features such as urbanization, new technologies, and war. Artists attempted to depart from traditional forms of art, which they considered outdated or obsolete. The poet Ezra Pound's 1934 injunction to "Make it new!" was the touchstone of the movement's approach. 
Modernism
Modernist innovations included abstract art, the stream-of-consciousness novel, montage cinema, atonal and twelve-tone music, and divisionist painting. Modernism explicitly rejected the ideology of realism and made use of the works of the past by the employment of reprise, incorporation, rewriting, recapitulation, revision and parody. Modernism also rejected the certainty of Enlightenment thinking, and many modernists also rejected religious belief. A notable characteristic of modernism is self-consciousness concerning artistic and social traditions, which often led to experimentation with form, along with the use of techniques that drew attention to the processes and materials used in creating works of art.
Abdul Ahad Azad
Abdul Ahad Azad (Urdu; ) (1903–1948) was a well known Kashmiri poet. He was one of the pioneers of the modernist movement. Azad is often referred to as John Keats of Kashmir, as both Keats and Azad wrote modernist poems and both died in early forties. He belonged to the Dar tribe of Kashmir. His father's name was Sultan Dar. "Kuleat e Azad" and "Haraam e Saba" are two of his books. One of his poems was translated into English by Prof G.R Malik, named "Stars Speak to Man" it was published in class 8 Tulip series English book. His work is still famous among Kashmiris and he has written many well known Kashmiri songs. He mostly dedicated his poetry to Allah (God.) He wanted through his poems to create sensibility and to develop consciousness among people. He reminded people of what they were made for and what they have been doing, they have forgotten the actual purpose they were made for. He wanted people to wake up from the fanciful slumber and do something for the benefit of mankind before it is too late. He was born in Ranger chadoora.

Question: What philosophical movement rejects Enlightenment thinking and was pioneered by a Kashmiri poet?
Answer: Modernism
Macintosh
Following the release of Intel-based Macs, third-party platform virtualization software such as Parallels Desktop, VMware Fusion, and VirtualBox began to emerge. These programs allow users to run Microsoft Windows or previously Windows-only software on Macs at near native speed. Apple also released Boot Camp and Mac-specific Windows drivers that help users to install Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 and natively dual boot between Mac OS X and Windows. Although not condoned by Apple, it is possible to run the Linux operating system using Boot camp or other virtualization workarounds. Unlike most PCs, however, Macs are unable to run many legacy PC operating systems. In particular, Intel-based Macs lack the A20 gate.

Question: What type of software began to emerge following the release of Intel-based Macs?
Answer: third-party platform virtualization
Algirdas
Algirdas ( , Alherd, , Olherd, ;  1296  – May 1377) was a ruler of medieval Lithuania. He ruled the Lithuanians and Ruthenians from 1345 to 1377. With the help of his brother Kęstutis (who defended the western border of the Duchy) he created an empire stretching from the present Baltic states to the Black Sea and to within fifty miles (eighty kilometers) of Moscow.
Vladimir Olgerdovich
Vladimir Olgerdovich ( , , , ; died after 1398) was the son of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his first wife Maria of Vitebsk. He was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1362 to 1394. His sons Ivan and Alexander started the Belsky and Olelkovich families.

Question: Vladimir Olgerdovich was a son of which ruler of medieval Lithuania?
Answer: Algirdas
Isis King
Isis King (born October 1, 1985) is an American model, actress, and fashion designer. She plays the role of Marci Wise in the Netflix series "When They See Us" (2019). She was a contestant on both the eleventh cycle and the seventeenth cycle of the reality television show "America's Next Top Model". She was the first trans woman to compete on the show, and became one of the most visible transgender people on television.
Strut (TV series)
Strut is an American reality television series that premiered on September 20, 2016, on the Oxygen cable network. Announced in May 2016, the reality series follows the professional lives of a group of transgender models. The show is executive produced by Whoopi Goldberg. The show features models Laith Ashley, Dominique Jackson, Isis King, Ren Spriggs, and Arisce Wanzer.

Question: Strut features an American model who was the first trans woman to compete on what reality television show?
Answer: America's Next Top Model
Rohinton Mistry
Rohinton Mistry {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 3 July 1952) is an Indian-born Canadian writer. He was awarded the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 2012.
Rohinton Mistry
Rohinton Mistry was born in 1952 in Bombay, India, to a Parsi family. His brother is the playwright and author Cyrus Mistry. He earned a BA in Mathematics and Economics from St. Xavier's College, Bombay.
Jacinto Benavente
Jacinto Benavente y Martínez (12 August 1866 – 14 July 1954) was one of the foremost Spanish dramatists of the 20th century. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1922 "for the happy manner in which he has continued the illustrious traditions of the Spanish drama".

Question: Who most recently won the Nobel Prize for Literature, Jacinto Benavente y Martínez or Rohinton Mistry?
Answer: Rohinton Mistry
Polaroid Corporation
Polaroid is an American company that brand licenses and markets a portfolio of consumer electronics to companies that distribute consumer electronics and eyewear. It is best known for its Polaroid instant film and cameras.
Joyce Tenneson
Joyce Tenneson (born May 29, 1945) is an American fine art photographer known for her distinctive style of photography, which often involves nude or semi-nude women. 
Joyce Tenneson
Tenneson earned her master's degree in photography from George Washington University after starting as a model for Polaroid. She left her job as a photography professor at 39, and moved from Washington to New York. Tenneson shoots primarily with the Polaroid 20x24 camera. In an interview with a photography magazine, Tenneson advised artists: "I very strongly believe that if you go back to your roots, if you mine that inner territory, you can bring out something that is indelibly you and authentic - like your thumbprint. It's going to have your style because there is no one like you." As a child, her parents worked on the grounds of a convent, which is where she grew up with her two sisters. She and her sister "were

Question: Joyce Tenneson started her career as a model for the company that was based in what country?
Answer: American
John Kerry
Kerry's paternal grandparents, shoe businessman Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry and musician Ida Lowe, were immigrants from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In 1900 the couple changed their names from "Fritz and Ida Kohn" to "Frederick and Ida Kerry". They converted from Judaism to Catholicism in 1901 or 1902. Fred and Ida Kerry emigrated to the United States in 1905, living at first in Chicago and eventually moving to Brookline, Massachusetts, by 1915. According to "The New York Times", "[the] brother and sister of John Kerry's paternal grandmother, Otto and Jenni Lowe, died in concentration camps." Kerry's Jewish ancestry was publicly revealed during his 2004 presidential campaign; he has stated that he was unaware of it until a reporter informed him of it in 2003.

Question: What was Kerry's paternal grandfather's career?
Answer: shoe businessman
Lamar Odom
Lamar Joseph Odom (born November 6, 1979) is an American professional basketball player. As a member of the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA), he won championships in 2009 and 2010 and was named the NBA Sixth Man of the Year in 2011.
Shamel Jones
Shamel Jones is a former collegiate basketball player and streetball player. Jones skipped over St John's University, UNLV, and TCU to play for Georgetown. Jones originally played for the 1996–97 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team and later the University of Memphis. He took Memphis to the NIT championships during his time there. The 6'9 forward originally played for Paul Robeson HS along with Lamar Odom. He was considered to be a city Basketball legend. He played basketball in Brazil for Winner/Kabum Limeira. He teamed with James Speedy Williams in streetball tournaments in New York City.

Question: when was the  American retired professional basketball player. which Shamel Jones played along side with born 
Answer: November 6, 1979
Mosaic
In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a "masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii."

Question: What scenes are depicted on the Zliten mosaic?
Answer: gladiatorial contests
Beyoncé
Beyoncé's music is generally R&B, pop and hip hop but she also incorporates soul and funk into her songs. "4" demonstrated Beyoncé's exploration of 1990s-style R&B, as well as further use of soul and hip hop than compared to previous releases. While she almost exclusively releases English songs, Beyoncé recorded several Spanish songs for "Irreemplazable" (re-recordings of songs from "B'Day" for a Spanish-language audience), and the re-release of "B'Day". To record these, Beyoncé was coached phonetically by American record producer Rudy Perez.

Question: What language does she mainly sing?
Answer: English
Frederick L. Barry
Frederick Lehrle Barry (March 23, 1897 – October 5, 1960) was the fourth Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Albany in the United States from 1950 to 1960, during which he re-built a diocese.
Frederick L. Barry
Barry was ordained a priest in 1925. He was a curate at St. Paul's, Flatbush. He served as rector at St. Gabriel's, Hollis, St. John's, Bridgeport, Connecticut, and St. Luke's, Evanston, Illinois. He was a bachelor his entire life.
Episcopal Diocese of Albany
The Episcopal Diocese of Albany is a diocese of the Episcopal Church covering 19 counties in northeastern New York state. It was created in 1868 from a division of the Episcopal Diocese of New York.

Question: In what state did Reverend Frederick Lehrle Barry operate a church?
Answer: New York
Brigg
Brigg () is a small market town in North Lincolnshire, England, with a population of 5,076 in 2,213 households (2001 UK census), the population increasing to 5,626 at the 2011 census. The town lies at the junction of the River Ancholme and east–west transport routes across northern Lincolnshire. As a formerly important local centre, the town's full name of Glanford Brigg is reflected in the surrounding area and local government district of the same name. The town's urban area includes the neighbouring hamlet of Scawby Brook.
Great Limber
Great Limber is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 271. It is on the A18, 8 mi west from Grimsby and 8 miles east from Brigg.

Question: Great Limber is situated 8 miles east from a town with how many households according to the 2001 UK census ?
Answer: 2,213
Galicia (Spain)
After the rupture of the wars with Portugal and Catalonia, the "Junta" changed its attitude, this time due to the exhaustion of Galicia, now involved not just in naval or oversea operations, but also in an exhausting war with the Portuguese, war which produced thousands of casualties and refugees and was heavily disturbing to the local economy and commerce. So, in the second half of the 17th century the "Junta" frequently denied or considerably reduced the initial petitions of the monarch, and though the tension didn't rise to the levels experienced in Portugal or Catalonia, there were frequent urban mutinies and some voices even asked for the secession of the Kingdom of Galicia.

Question: In what way was the tension between the monarch and Galicia similar to the wars it was fighting?
Answer: there were frequent urban mutinies
Hannibal (2001 film)
Hannibal is a 2001 American horror film directed by Ridley Scott, adapted from Thomas Harris's 1999 novel of the same name. It is the sequel to the 1991 Academy Award–winning film "The Silence of the Lambs" in which Anthony Hopkins returns to his role as the serial killer, Hannibal Lecter. Julianne Moore co-stars, in the role first held by Jodie Foster, as FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling.
Giannina Facio
Giannina Facio, Lady Scott (born September 10, 1955) is a Costa Rican actress and producer who has appeared in a number of films, especially those of her husband, British film director and producer Sir Ridley Scott. She first worked with Scott on "White Squall" and has been his partner since "Hannibal". "Gladiator" was the first of two films in which she plays the wife of Russell Crowe's character, the other being "Body of Lies". Since "White Squall", Facio has made appearances in all of Scott's films except for "American Gangster", "The Martian" and "".
Giannina Facio
Facio married her producing partner Ridley Scott in June 2015, they had been dating since 2010. Ridley has cast her in all his films since "White Squall" in 1996 except for "American Gangster" and "The Martian".

Question: Who wrote the book that was made into the film adaption that was the first movie Ridley Scott and Giannina Facio were partners during?
Answer: Thomas Harris
Near East
At the beginning of the nineteenth century the Ottoman Empire included all of the Balkans, north to the southern edge of the Great Hungarian Plain. But by 1914, the empire had lost all of its territories except Constantinople and Eastern Thrace to the rise of nationalist Balkan states, which saw the independence of the Kingdom of Greece, Kingdom of Serbia, the Danubian Principalities, and the Kingdom of Bulgaria. Up until 1912, the Ottomans retained a band of territory including Albania, Macedonia and the Adrianople Vilayet, which were lost in the two Balkan Wars of 1912–13.

Question: What empire included all of the Balkan Peninsula north to the southern edge of the Hungarian Plain at the beginning of the 19th century?
Answer: the Ottoman Empire
Anti-Semitism in the 21st Century: The Resurgence
Anti-Semitism in the 21st Century: The Resurgence is a documentary film that first aired on PBS on January 8, 2007. Directed, produced, and written by Andrew Goldberg, this documentary, hosted by Judy Woodruff, examines the roots of modern antisemitism and why it flourishes today. The program explores why attacks on Jews in Europe have more than doubled since the 1990s, and its connections to the Arab–Israeli conflict.
Spencer Halpin's Moral Kombat
Spencer Halpin's Moral Kombat is a 2009 documentary film, directed by Spencer Halpin, an American independent filmmaker. The title of the film is in part a reference to the "Mortal Kombat" series of video games. The title was changed from "Moral Kombat" to "Spencer Halpin's Moral Kombat" to avoid the risk of a lawsuit.

Question: Are both Anti-Semitism in the 21st Century: The Resurgence and Spencer Halpin's Moral Kombat documentary films?
Answer: yes
Idealism
Subjective idealism (also known as immaterialism) describes a relationship between experience and the world in which objects are no more than collections or bundles of sense data in the perceiver. Proponents include Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne, an Anglo-Irish philosopher who advanced a theory he called "immaterialism," later referred to as "subjective idealism", contending that individuals can only know sensations and ideas of objects directly, not abstractions such as "matter", and that ideas also depend upon being perceived for their very existence - "esse est percipi"; "to be is to be perceived".

Question: Along with phenomenalism, what is another term for subjective idealism?
Answer: immaterialism
Margot Robbie
Margot Elise Robbie ( ; born 2 July 1990) is an Australian actress and producer. She has received nominations for two Academy Awards and five BAFTA Awards. In 2017, "Time" magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world, and in 2019, she was ranked among the world's highest-paid actresses.
Margot Robbie
Robbie studied drama at Somerset College and began her career in Australian independent films in the late 2000s, before working in the soap opera "Neighbours" (2008–2011). After moving to America, she starred in the ABC drama series "Pan Am" (2011–2012) and had her breakthrough role in Martin Scorsese's black comedy film "The Wolf of Wall Street" (2013). Robbie's profile continued to grow with starring roles as a grifter in "Focus" (2015), Jane Porter in "The Legend of Tarzan" (2016), and Harley Quinn in the DC Extended Universe, beginning with "Suicide Squad" (2016).
Peter Rabbit (film)
Peter Rabbit is a 2018 3D live-action/computer-animated comedy film directed by Will Gluck and written by Rob Lieber and Gluck, based on the stories of Peter Rabbit created by Beatrix Potter. The film stars the voice of James Corden as the title character, alongside Rose Byrne, Domhnall Gleeson, and Sam Neill in live-action roles, and the voices of Daisy Ridley, Elizabeth Debicki, and Margot Robbie. The film was released on February 9, 2018, and grossed $351 million worldwide. is set to be released on January 15, 2021.
Peter Rabbit (film)
In England's Lake District, Peter Rabbit, his cousin Benjamin Bunny, and triplet sisters Flopsy, Mopsy and Cottontail, spend most of their days picking on old Mr. McGregor and stealing vegetables from his garden. They are friends with a kindhearted local woman named Bea who spends her time painting pictures of the rabbits as well as the surrounding nature. Bea took on a motherly role with the rabbits after their mother's death. Their father had been killed and eaten in a pie by Mr. McGregor when they were still young. One day, Peter is forced to leave his jacket in Mr. McGregor's garden and goes back to retrieve it. However, it was a trap set by Mr. McGregor who catches him, but suddenly dies of a heart attack due to decades of unhealthy eating habits. Enthralled, Peter invites all of the local animals and takes over Mr. McGregor's manor.

Question: Peter Rabbit is an upcoming 2018 3D live-action/CGI animated adventure comedy film written, directed and produced by Will Gluck, the film features voice roles played by Margot Robbie, an Australian actress and producer, who earned her how many Logie Award nominations?
Answer: two
Valdemar II of Denmark
Valdemar II (9 May 117028 March 1241), called Valdemar the Victorious or Valdemar the Conqueror ("Valdemar Sejr"), was the King of Denmark from 1202 until his death in 1241. The nickname "Sejr" is a later invention and was not used during the King's own lifetime. "Sejr" means "victory" in Danish.
Valdemar II of Denmark
He was the second son of King Valdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Minsk, the daughter of Richeza of Poland, Queen Dowager of Sweden and Volodar Giebovich, Prince of Minsk. When his father died, young Valdemar was only twelve years old. He was named Duke of Southern Jutland ( , literally Duchy of Schleswig duke), represented by the regent Bishop Valdemar Knudsen, the illegitimate son of King Canute V of Denmark.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Reval
The Bishopric of Reval was created in Duchy of Estonia by Valdemar II of Denmark in 1240. Contradictory to canon law Valdemar II reserved the right to appoint the bishops of Reval to himself and his successor kings of Denmark. The decision to simply nominate the see of Reval was unique in the whole Catholic Church at the time and was disputed by bishops and the Pope. During the era, the election of bishops was never established in Reval and the royal rights to the bishopric and to nominate the bishops was even included in the treaty when the territories of the Duchy of Estonia were sold to Teutonic Order in 1346.

Question: What king of Denmark born in the year 1170 reserved the right to appoint the bishops of Reval to himself?
Answer: Valdemar II
Val McDermid
Val McDermid, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 4 June 1955) is a Scottish crime writer, best known for a series of suspense novels featuring Dr. Tony Hill.
Val McDermid
McDermid comes from a working-class family in Fife. She studied English at St Hilda's College, Oxford, where she was the first student to be admitted from a Scottish state school.
A Place of Execution
A Place of Execution is a crime novel by Val McDermid, first published in 1999. The novel won the "Los Angeles Times" Book Prize, the 2001 Dilys Award, was shortlisted for both the Gold Dagger and the Edgar Award, and was chosen by "The New York Times" as one of the most notable books of the year.

Question: What was the classification of the novel that won the "Los Angeles Times" Book Prize, the 2001 Dilys Award written by an author best known for a series of suspense novels featuring Dr. Tony Hill?
Answer: crime novel
Electric motor
A common application of a torque motor would be the supply- and take-up reel motors in a tape drive. In this application, driven from a low voltage, the characteristics of these motors allow a relatively constant light tension to be applied to the tape whether or not the capstan is feeding tape past the tape heads. Driven from a higher voltage, (and so delivering a higher torque), the torque motors can also achieve fast-forward and rewind operation without requiring any additional mechanics such as gears or clutches. In the computer gaming world, torque motors are used in force feedback steering wheels.

Question: In a tape drive, what is not needed if a torque motor is used?
Answer: gears or clutches
New York City
In 1904, the steamship "General Slocum" caught fire in the East River, killing 1,021 people on board. In 1911, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the city's worst industrial disaster, took the lives of 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and major improvements in factory safety standards.

Question: In what building did the city's deadliest industrial disaster occur?
Answer: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Ayaan Hirsi Ali ( ; ] ( ) ; Somali: "Ayaan Xirsi Cali":" Ayān Ḥirsī 'Alī;" born Ayaan Hirsi Magan, 13 November 1969) is a Somali-born Dutch-American activist, feminist, author, scholar and former politician. She received international attention as a critic of Islam and advocate for the rights and self-determination of Muslim women, actively opposing forced marriage, honor violence, child marriage and female genital mutilation. She has founded an organisation for the defense of women's rights, the AHA Foundation.
Infidel: My Life
Infidel (2006/published in English 2007) is the autobiography of Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a Somali-Dutch activist and politician. Hirsi Ali has attracted controversy and death threats were made against Ali in the early 2000s.

Question: Infidel: My Life is the autobiography of which founder of the AHA Foundation?
Answer: Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Winchester Model 1911
The Winchester Model 1911 SL Shotgun was a self-loading, recoil-operated shotgun produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company from 1911 to 1925. It was Winchester's first autoloading shotgun, but design flaws kept it from providing competition for the autoloading shotguns made by Remington Arms and Browning Arms Company.
Browning Auto-5
The Browning Automatic 5, most often Auto-5 or simply A-5, is a recoil-operated semi-automatic shotgun designed by John Browning. It was the first successful semi-automatic shotgun design, and remained in production until 1998. The name of the shotgun designates that it is an autoloader with a capacity of five rounds, four in the magazine and one in the chamber. Remington Arms and Savage Arms sold variants called the Remington Model 11 and Savage Model 720 that were nearly identical but lacked the magazine cutoff found on the Browning.

Question: The Winchester Model 1911 SL Shotgun competed against a shotgun that remained in production until when?
Answer: 1998
Saint Boniface
Boniface ( ; 675 – 5 June 754 AD), born Winfrid (also spelled Winifred, Wynfrith, Winfrith or Wynfryth) in the Devon town of Crediton in Anglo-Saxon England, was a leading figure in the Anglo-Saxon mission to the Germanic parts of the Frankish Empire during the 8th century. He organised significant foundations of the church in Germany and was made archbishop of Mainz by Pope Gregory III. He was martyred in Frisia in 754, along with 52 others, and his remains were returned to Fulda, where they rest in a sarcophagus which became a site of pilgrimage. Boniface's life and death as well as his work became widely known, there being a wealth of material available—a number of "vitae", especially the near-contemporary "Vita Bonifatii auctore Willibaldi", legal documents, possibly some sermons, and above all his correspondence. He is venerated as a saint in the Christian church and became the patron saint of Germania, known as the "Apostle of the Germans".
Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg
The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg ( ) was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire. It comprised the secular territory ruled by the archbishops of Salzburg, as distinguished from the much larger Catholic diocese founded in 739 by Saint Boniface in the German stem duchy of Bavaria. The capital of the archbishopric was Salzburg, the former Roman city of " ".

Question: The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg was founded in 739 by which leading figure in the Anglo-Saxon mission to the Germanic parts of the Frankish Empire during the 8th century?
Answer: Saint Boniface
Monty Banks
Montague (Monty) Banks (18 July 1897 – 7 January 1950 born Mario Bianchi) was an Italian comedian and film actor, director who achieved success in the United Kingdom and in the US.
Ava DuVernay
Ava Marie DuVernay ( ; born August 24, 1972) is an American filmmaker. She won the directing award in the U.S. dramatic competition at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival for her second feature film "Middle of Nowhere", becoming the first black woman to win the award. For her work on "Selma" (2014), DuVernay became the first black woman to be nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Director, and also the first black female director to have her film nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. In 2017, she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for her film "13th" (2016).

Question: Did Ava DuVernay and Monty BanksBanks have the same nationality ?
Answer: no
Mike Nichols
Mike Nichols (born Mikhail Igor Peschkowsky; November 6, 1931 – November 19, 2014) was an American film and theater director, producer, actor, and comedian. He was noted for his ability to work across a range of genres and for his aptitude for getting the best out of actors regardless of their experience. Nichols began his career in the 1950s with the comedy improvisational troupe The Compass Players, predecessor of The Second City, in Chicago. He then teamed up with his improv partner, Elaine May, to form the comedy duo Nichols and May. Their live improv act was a hit on Broadway, and the first of their three albums won a Grammy Award.
Margarethe von Trotta
Margarethe von Trotta (] ( ) ; born 21 February 1942) is a German film director who has been referred to as a "leading force" of the New German Cinema movement. Von Trotta's extensive body of work has won awards internationally. She was married to and collaborated with director Volker Schlöndorff. Although they made a successful team, von Trotta felt she was seen as secondary to Schlöndorff. Subsequently, she established a solo career for herself and became "Germany’s foremost female film director, who has offered the most sustained and successful female variant of "Autorenkino" in postwar German film history". Certain aspects of von Trotta's work have been compared to Ingmar Bergman's features from the 1960s and 1970s.
Margarethe von Trotta
Von Trotta has been called "the world’s leading feminist filmmaker." The predominant aim of her films is to create new representations of women. Her films are concerned with relationships between and among women (sisters, best friends, etc.), as well as with relationships between women and men, and include political settings. Nevertheless, she rejects the suggestion that she makes "women’s films".

Question: Who was born first, Margarethe von Trotta or Mike Nichols?
Answer: Mike Nichols
Portico
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls. This idea was widely used in ancient Greece and has influenced many cultures, including most Western cultures.
Porticus Octaviae
The Porticus Octaviae (Portico of Octavia; ) is an ancient structure in Rome. The colonnaded walks of the portico enclosed the temples of Jupiter Stator and Juno Regina, as well as a library. The structure was used as a fish market from the medieval period, and up to the end of 19th century.

Question: What type of porch leading to the entrance of a building was used in an ancient structure in Rome?
Answer: Portico
Raleigh, North Carolina
The J. C. Raulston Arboretum, an 8-acre (32,000 m²) arboretum and botanical garden in west Raleigh administered by North Carolina State University, maintains a year-round collection that is open daily to the public without charge.

Question: What is the name of the arboretum?
Answer: J. C. Raulston Arboretum
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
On June 14, 1987, about 5,000 people gathered again at Freedom Monument in Riga, and laid flowers to commemorate the anniversary of Stalin's mass deportation of Latvians in 1941. This was the first large demonstration in the Baltic republics to commemorate the anniversary of an event contrary to official Soviet history. The authorities did not crack down on demonstrators, which encouraged more and larger demonstrations throughout the Baltic States. The next major anniversary after the August 23 Molotov Pact demonstration was on November 18, the date of Latvia's independence in 1918. On November 18, 1987, hundreds of police and civilian militiamen cordoned off the central square to prevent any demonstration at Freedom Monument, but thousands lined the streets of Riga in silent protest regardless.

Question: Where did further protests take place?
Answer: Baltic States
Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau
Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau, Count of Rosenau (7 November 1660, Steinach am Brenner, Austria – 14 October 1731, Schloss Rosenau, Coburg) was an Austrian ornithologist.
Schloss Rosenau, Coburg
Schloss Rosenau, called in English The Rosenau or Rosenau Palace, is a former castle, converted into a ducal country house, near the town of Rödental, formerly in Saxe-Coburg, now lying in Bavaria, Germany.

Question: In what modern city did Ferdinand Johann Adam von Pernau die?
Answer: Bavaria
Muammar Gaddafi
In the aftermath of the 1986 US attack, the army was purged of perceived disloyal elements, and in 1988, Gaddafi announced the creation of a popular militia to replace the army and police. In 1987, Libya began production of mustard gas at a facility in Rabta, although publicly denying it was stockpiling chemical weapons, and unsuccessfully attempted to develop nuclear weapons. The period also saw a growth in domestic Islamist opposition, formulated into groups like the Muslim Brotherhood and the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group. A number of assassination attempts against Gaddafi were foiled, and in turn, 1989 saw the security forces raid mosques believed to be centres of counter-revolutionary preaching. In October 1993, elements of the increasingly marginalized army initiated a failed coup in Misrata, while in September 1995, Islamists launched an insurgency in Benghazi, and in July 1996 an anti-Gaddafist football riot broke out in Tripoli. The Revolutionary Committees experienced a resurgence to combat these Islamists.

Question: Where did Libya manufacture mustard gas?
Answer: Rabta
Humanism
Polemics about humanism have sometimes assumed paradoxical twists and turns. Early-20th-century critics such as Ezra Pound, T. E. Hulme, and T. S. Eliot considered humanism to be sentimental "slop" (Hulme) or "an old bitch gone in the teeth" (Pound). Postmodern critics who are self-described anti-humanists, such as Jean-François Lyotard and Michel Foucault, have asserted that humanism posits an overarching and excessively abstract notion of humanity or universal human nature, which can then be used as a pretext for imperialism and domination of those deemed somehow less than human. "Humanism fabricates the human as much as it fabricates the nonhuman animal", suggests Timothy Laurie, turning the human into what he calls "a placeholder for a range of attributes that have been considered most virtuous among humans (e.g. rationality, altruism), rather than most commonplace (e.g. hunger, anger)". Nevertheless, philosopher Kate Soper notes that by faulting humanism for falling short of its own benevolent ideals, anti-humanism thus frequently "secretes a humanist rhetoric".

Question: What was the main reason they disagreed with the beliefs?
Answer: sentimental
Alps
Albrecht von Haller's poem "Die Alpen" (1732) described the mountains as an area of mythical purity. Jean-Jacques Rousseau was another writer who presented the Alps as a place of allure and beauty, in his novel "Julie, or the New Heloise" (1761), Later the first wave of Romantics such as Goethe and Turner came to admire the scenery; Wordsworth visited the area in 1790, writing of his experiences in "The Prelude" (1799). Schiller later wrote the play "William Tell" (1804), which tells the story the legendary Swiss marksman William Tell as part of the greater Swiss struggle for independence from the Habsburg Empire in the early 14th century. At the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the Alpine countries began to see an influx of poets, artists, and musicians, as visitors came to experience the sublime effects of monumental nature.

Question: What did the visitors come to experience in the Alpine countries?
Answer: the sublime effects of monumental nature