qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Solar energy
Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface, oceans – which cover about 71% of the globe – and atmosphere. Warm air containing evaporated water from the oceans rises, causing atmospheric circulation or convection. When the air reaches a high altitude, where the temperature is low, water vapor condenses into clouds, which rain onto the Earth's surface, completing the water cycle. The latent heat of water condensation amplifies convection, producing atmospheric phenomena such as wind, cyclones and anti-cyclones. Sunlight absorbed by the oceans and land masses keeps the surface at an average temperature of 14 °C. By photosynthesis, green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy, which produces food, wood and the biomass from which fossil fuels are derived.

Question: How does the water vapor that rises in warm air turn into clouds?
Answer: When the air reaches a high altitude, where the temperature is low, water vapor condenses into clouds
U.S. Route 23
U.S. Route 23 or U.S. Highway 23 (US 23) is a north–south U.S. Highway between Jacksonville, Florida, and Mackinaw City, Michigan. It is an original 1926 route which originally reached only as far south as Portsmouth, Ohio, and has since been extended. It was formerly part of the major highway known as the Dixie Highway. The highway's southern terminus is in Jacksonville, Florida at US 1/US 17. The northern terminus is at I-75 in Mackinaw City, Michigan.
U.S. Route 123
U.S. Route 123 (US 123) is a spur of US 23 in the U.S. states of Georgia and South Carolina. The U.S. Highway runs 75.12 mi from US 23, US 441, and SR 365 near Clarkesville, Georgia, north and east to Interstate 385 Business (I-385 Business) in Greenville, South Carolina. US 123 parallels I-85 to the north as it connects the Northeast Georgia cities of Clarkesville and Toccoa with the western Upstate South Carolina communities of Westminster, Seneca, Clemson, Easley, and Greenville.

Question: What direction does U.S. Route 123 and U.S. Route 23 have in common?
Answer: north
Great Plains
The term "Great Plains", for the region west of about the 96th and east of the Rocky Mountains, was not generally used before the early 20th century. Nevin Fenneman's 1916 study "Physiographic Subdivision of the United States" brought the term Great Plains into more widespread usage. Before that the region was almost invariably called the High Plains, in contrast to the lower Prairie Plains of the Midwestern states. Today the term "High Plains" is used for a subregion of the Great Plains.

Question: what is the name of the region east of the Rocky Mountains?
Answer: "Great Plains
Kim Wilson
Kim Wilson (born January 6, 1951) is an American blues singer and harmonica player. He is best known as the lead vocalist and frontman for the Fabulous Thunderbirds on two hit songs of the 1980s, "Tuff Enuff" and "Wrap It Up." Wilson wrote "Tuff Enuff," the group's only Top 40 hit.
Neil Tennant
Neil Francis Tennant (born 10 July 1954) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, music journalist and co-founder of the synthpop duo Pet Shop Boys, which he formed with Chris Lowe in 1981. He was also a journalist for "Smash Hits," and was assistant editor for the magazine for a period in the mid-1980s.

Question: In what decade are the works of Neil Tennant and Kim Wilson known for?
Answer: 1980s
Hong Kong
Hong Kong ( ; , Cantonese: ] ( ) ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (HKSAR), is a metropolitan area and special administrative region of the People's Republic of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta of the South China Sea. With over 7.5 million people of various nationalities in a 1104 km2 territory, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated places in the world.
Hong Kong
Hong Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the Qing Empire ceded Hong Kong Island at the end of the First Opium War in 1842. The colony expanded to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 after the Second Opium War and was further extended when Britain obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories in 1898. The whole territory was transferred to China in 1997. As a special administrative region, Hong Kong maintains separate governing and economic systems from that of mainland China under a principle of "one country, two systems".
Wharf Cable Tower
The Wharf Cable Tower (Chinese: 有線電視大樓) is a skyscraper located in Tsuen Wan in Hong Kong which was completed in 1993. The large building stands 197 m tall with 41 floors of office and industrial space. The skyscraper is also the tallest 'office / industrial' building in the city (though many purely commercial properties are much higher). Attached to the southeast side of the building is an intermodal container (shipping container) elevator capable of lifting 40-foot containers to thirty floors up.

Question: The Wharf Cable Tower, is a skyscraper located in Tsuen Wan in which autonomous territory south to Mainland China and east to Macao in East Asia, with around 7.2 million Hong Kongers of various nationalities in a territory of 1,104 km?
Answer: Hong Kong
Cosmos (plant)
Cosmos is a genus, with the same common name of cosmos, consisting of flowering plants in the sunflower family.
Embothrium
Embothrium is a genus of two to eight species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) in the plant family Proteaceae, native to southern South America, in Chile and adjacent western Argentina; the genus occurs as far south as Tierra del Fuego. Common names include Chilean firebush in English, and notro, ciruelillo, fosforito in Chilean Spanish.

Question: Is Embothrium a member of the same genus as Cosmos?
Answer: no
Anna of Cilli
Anna of Cilli or Anne of Celje (  1381 – 21 May 1416) was Queen consort of Poland (1402–1416). She was the second wife of Jogaila (Władysław II Jagiełło), King of Poland and Supreme Duke of Lithuania (reigned 1387–1434). Their marriage was politically motivated to strengthen Jogaila's ties with the Piast dynasty and his claims to the Polish throne. Their marriage was rather distant and during fourteen years Anna bore only one daughter, Hedwig Jagiellon, who died without issue.
Hedwig Jagiellon (1408–1431)
Hedwig Jagiellon ( , ; 8 April 1408, Kraków – 8 December 1431, Kraków) was a Polish and Lithuanian princess, and a member of the Jagiellon dynasty. For most of her life she, as the only child of Wladyslaw Jagiello, was considered to be heiress of the Polish and Lithuanian thrones. After the birth of Jagiello's sons in 1424 and 1427, Hedwig had some support for her claims to the throne. She died in 1431 amidst rumors that she was poisoned by her stepmother Sophia of Halshany.

Question: Anna of Cilli and her daughter Hedwig Jagiellon were 15th-century figures in which European country's royal family?
Answer: Poland
United Nations Population Fund
Of the total income of M845.3 M, $118 was donated by the Netherlands, $67 M by Sweden, $62 M by Norway, $54 M by Denmark, $53 M by the UK, $52 M by Spain, $19 M by Luxembourg. The European Commission donated further $36 M. The most important non-European donor State was Japan ($36 M). The number of donors exceeded 180 in one year.

Question: Which European government contributed the least to the UNFPA in 2008?
Answer: Luxembourg
Mall Airways
Mall Airways was an American regional airline which operated throughout the northeastern United States and eastern Canada from 1973 to 1989. The carrier operated a mixed fleet of Beechcraft 1900, Piper Navajo Chieftains, Beech 99 Airliners, and also occasionally utilized a Beech King Air 90 as a back-up aircraft. The airline was based in Albany, New York, and was acquired by Business Express Airlines in September, 1989. Business Express retained both BE1900C, N15394 and N15503.
Business Express Airlines
Business Express Airlines (IATA: HQ) , often referred to as Business Express or BizEX, was an American regional airline founded as Atlantic Air in 1982. In an effort to appeal to its predominantly business commuter clientele, the airline assumed the Business Express name in 1985. In 1986 Pilgrim Airlines (Groton/New London), which itself had acquired NewAir (New Haven) about a year prior, was acquired by the airline. This opened the valuable New York and Washington, D.C. markets. Shortly thereafter, Business Express became one of Delta Air Lines's first Delta Connection carriers, along with Atlantic Southeast Airlines, Comair and SkyWest Airlines. The company slogan was "Fly BizEx Jets!"

Question: What was an American regional airline called when it was founded in 1982, that company acquired a carrier operated a mixed fleet of Beechcraft 1900, Piper Navajo Chieftains, Beech 99 Airliners, and also occasionally utilized a Beech King Air 90 as a back-up aircraft?
Answer: Atlantic Air
Detroit
Major theaters in Detroit include the Fox Theatre (5,174 seats), Music Hall (1,770 seats), the Gem Theatre (451 seats), Masonic Temple Theatre (4,404 seats), the Detroit Opera House (2,765 seats), the Fisher Theatre (2,089 seats), The Fillmore Detroit (2,200 seats), Saint Andrew's Hall, the Majestic Theater, and Orchestra Hall (2,286 seats) which hosts the renowned Detroit Symphony Orchestra. The Nederlander Organization, the largest controller of Broadway productions in New York City, originated with the purchase of the Detroit Opera House in 1922 by the Nederlander family.

Question: Which Detroit theater has 4,404 seats?
Answer: Masonic Temple Theatre
Crusha
Crusha is a brand of milkshake mix, sold in the United Kingdom and Australia. The brand first appeared in the 1950s, and was bought by British Sugar. In December 2001, it came under the "Silver Spoon" brand. Crusha is often the milkshake of choice in cafés. However, it is also sold in shops, for home mixing in bottles, of from 250ml to 1l in size.
Mello Yello
Mello Yello is a highly caffeinated, citrus-flavored soft drink produced, distributed and created by The Coca-Cola Company that was introduced on March 1, 1979, to compete with PepsiCo's Mountain Dew.

Question: Which brand was created first, Crusha or Mello Yello?
Answer: Crusha
Universal Pictures
Although Decca would continue to keep picture budgets lean, it was favored by changing circumstances in the film business, as other studios let their contract actors go in the wake of the 1948 "U.S. vs. Paramount Pictures, et al." decision. Leading actors were increasingly free to work where and when they chose, and in 1950 MCA agent Lew Wasserman made a deal with Universal for his client James Stewart that would change the rules of the business. Wasserman's deal gave Stewart a share in the profits of three pictures in lieu of a large salary. When one of those films, "Winchester '73" (1950), proved to be a hit, the arrangement would become the rule for many future productions at Universal, and eventually at other studios as well.

Question: Who was a notable talent agent circa 1950?
Answer: Lew Wasserman
Hugo Campagnaro
Hugo Armando Campagnaro (] ; born 27 June 1980) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a centre back for Italian club Pescara in Serie B.
2009 Coppa Italia Final
The 2009 Coppa Italia Final was the final match of the 2008–09 Coppa Italia, the 62nd season of the top cup competition in Italian football. The match was played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 13 May 2009 between Lazio and Sampdoria; Lazio won 6–5 on penalties after the match ended 1–1 after extra time. Hugo Campagnaro missed his spot kick for Sampdoria and allowed Ousmane Dabo to slot home the winner for Lazio.

Question: The 2009 Coppa Italia Final was the final match of the 2008–09 Coppa Italia, the match was played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 13 May 2009, Hugo Armando Campagnaro, is an Argentine footballer, missed his spot kick for Sampdoria and allowed Ousmane Dabo to slot home the winner for which team?
Answer: Lazio
Cattle Decapitation
Cattle Decapitation is an American death metal band from San Diego, California, formed in 1996. The band's current lineup includes vocalist Travis Ryan, guitarists Josh Elmore and Belisario Dimuzio, bassist Olivier Pinard, and drummer David McGraw. Cattle Decapitation have released eight albums, the most recent being "Death Atlas", which was released on Black Friday 2019 (November 29).
Cattle Decapitation
Founded in 1996, Cattle Decapitation's songs protest the mistreatment and consumption of animals, the abuse of the environment and touch subjects such as misanthropy and genocide of the human race. Much of the band's music is based on putting humans in the situations that animals are subjected to, for example animal testing, slaughter, etc. While the band started with an entirely vegetarian lineup, only two current members are vegetarian, namely Travis Ryan and Josh Elmore.
The Anthropocene Extinction
The Anthropocene Extinction is the seventh studio album by American death metal band Cattle Decapitation. It was released on August 7, 2015, on Metal Blade Records. It became Cattle Decapitation's first album to chart on the "Billboard" 200, debuting at No. 100 (No. 44 on "Top Albums").

Question: On what date was Cattle Decapitations's most recent album released?
Answer: August 7, 2015,
The Mercy
The Mercy is a 2017 British biographical drama film, directed by James Marsh and written by Scott Z. Burns. It is based on the true story of the disastrous attempt by the amateur sailor Donald Crowhurst to complete the "Sunday Times" Golden Globe Race in 1968 and his subsequent attempts to cover up his failure. The film stars Colin Firth, Rachel Weisz, David Thewlis and Ken Stott. It is one of the last films scored by Icelandic composer Jóhann Jóhannsson.
The Mercy
The film was released in the United Kingdom on 9 February 2018 by StudioCanal.
Oliver Maltman
Oliver Maltman is an English actor notable for his appearances in the TV series "Star Stories", "The Kevin Bishop Show", "No Heroics" and "Clone". He has also appeared in Mike Leigh's films "Happy-Go-Lucky" in 2008, "Another Year" in 2010, the 2016 BBC2 comedy pilot We the Jury as Lucas, and in the upcoming "The Mercy".

Question: Oliver Maltman stars in an upcoming film, directed by who? 
Answer: James Marsh
Dome Mine
Dome Mine is situated in the City of Timmins, Ontario, Canada; and was developed during the Porcupine Gold Rush.
Con Mine
The Con Mine (1938-2003) was the first gold mine developed in the Northwest Territories, Canada, just south of Yellowknife. The property was staked by Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada (Cominco) in September 1935 in response to the discovery of visible gold nearby; the name "Con" is an abbreviation of "Consolidated". The advent of winter prevented any prospecting from being conducted, but work in the summer of 1936 led to the discovery of numerous gold veins. The Con Mine entered production in 1938 and ceased operations in 2003. It has produced over 5000000 ozt of gold from 12,195,585 tons of ore processed. The mine was over 6000 ft deep.

Question: What is situated in the City of Timmins, Ontario, Canada,  Dome Mine or Con Mine?
Answer: Dome Mine
Biff Byford
Peter Rodney "Biff" Byford (born 15 January 1951 in Honley, West Yorkshire) is an English singer best known as the lead singer of the heavy metal band Saxon.
Jake Burns
John "Jake" Burns (born 21 February 1958, Belfast, Northern Ireland) is a singer and guitarist, and is best known as the frontman of Stiff Little Fingers.

Question: Which singer is older, Jake Burns or Biff Byford? 
Answer: Peter Rodney "Biff" Byford
Mark Perakh
Mark Perakh ( ; "perach" (פֶּ֫רַח) is the Hebrew word for "flower"; born "Mark Yakovlevich Popereka" in 1924, Kiev, Ukraine, died 7 May 2013 in Escondido, California), was a professor emeritus of Mathematics and statistical mechanics at California State University, Fullerton in Fullerton, California.
The Panda's Thumb (blog)
The Panda's Thumb is a blog on the creation–evolution controversy from a mainstream scientific perspective. In 2006, "Nature" listed it as one of the top five science blogs, and Mark Pallen has called it "the definitive blog on the evolution versus creationism debate".
The Panda's Thumb (blog)
It is written by multiple contributors, including Wesley R. Elsberry, Paul R. Gross, Nick Matzke, and Mark Perakh, many of whom used to have complementary blogs at ScienceBlogs before it went defunct. The blog takes its name from The Panda's Thumb, the pub of the virtual University of Ediacara, which is named after the by Stephen Jay Gould, which in turn takes its title from the essay "The Panda's Peculiar Thumb", which discusses the Panda's sesamoid bone, an example of convergent evolution.

Question: The Panda's Thumb is a weblog, on the creation-evolution controversy from a mainstream scientific perspective, it is written by multiple contributors, including Mark Perakh, a professor emeritus of Mathematics and statistical mechanics at which organization, Fullerton in Fullerton, California?
Answer: California State University
Hazen S. Pingree
Hazen Stuart Pingree (August 30, 1840 – June 18, 1901) was a four-term Republican mayor of Detroit (1889–1897) and the 24th Governor of the U.S. State of Michigan (1897–1901). A Yankee who migrated from New England, he was a successful Republican businessman turned politician.
Hazen S. Pingree
As a businessman turned politician, Pingree was elected mayor in 1889 after a colorful campaign in which Pingree revealed his tolerance by making a circuit of saloons. Pingree added to the old stock Yankee Republican base by making large inroads into the German and Canadian elements. He was reelected in 1891, 1893 and 1895. Warning repeatedly against the dangers of monopolistic corporations, he launched nationally visible crusades against Detroit's streetcar, gas, electric, and telephone companies. He successfully forced rate reductions that won him widespread popularity. He won public approval for a citizen-owned electric light plant and became a national spokesman for municipal ownership and public regulation of utilities and street railways.
William Richert (mayor)
William Richert (October 28, 1858 – June 16, 1912) served as acting mayor of Detroit, Michigan from March 22, 1897 to April 5, 1897, following the resignation of Hazen S. Pingree.

Question: Who was the acting mayor of Detroit when Hazen S. Pingree resigned from office in 1897?
Answer: William Richert
Bitterroot Mountains
The Northern and Central Bitterroot Range, collectively the Bitterroot Mountains (Salish: čkʷlkʷqin ), is the largest portion of the Bitterroot Range, part of the Rocky Mountains, located in the panhandle of Idaho and westernmost Montana in the Western United States. The mountains encompass an area of 4,862 square miles (12,593 km²).
Nez Perce Pass
Nez Perce Pass is a mountain pass in the Bitterroot Mountains on the border between the U.S. states of Idaho and Montana. The pass is at an elevation of 6587 ft above sea level. The Nez Perce Pass Trailhead offers access to the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness and the Frank Church—River of No Return Wilderness.

Question: How many square miles are occupied by the mountain range that Nez Perce Pass is located in?
Answer: 4,862
University of the District of Columbia
The University of the District of Columbia (UDC) is a public historically black land-grant university in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1851 and is the only public university in the city. UDC is a member school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. The full university system offers workforce and certificate programs in addition to Associate, Baccalaureate, Master's, professional, and Doctoral degrees. The university's academic schools and programs include the UDC Community College, College of Arts and Sciences, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Business and Public Administration, Colleges of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability & Environmental Sciences, and David A. Clarke School of Law.
Donald N. Langenberg
Donald Newton Langenberg (March 17, 1932 - January 25, 2019) was a physicist, academic, and university administrator. He served as chancellor of the University System of Maryland from 1990 until 2002 and was the first chancellor of the University of Illinois at Chicago. Langenberg taught at the University of Oxford, the École Normale Supérieure, the California Institute of Technology, and the Technische Universität München and served on the Board of Trustees at the University of the District of Columbia and the University of Pennsylvania.

Question: Where was the university at which Donald N. Langenberg  served on the Board of Trustees at the located? 
Answer: Washington, D.C.
Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali ( ; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer, activist, and philanthropist. Nicknamed "The Greatest", he is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century and as one of the greatest boxers of all time.
Muhammad Ali
Ali was born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, and began training as an amateur boxer at age 12. At 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics, and turned professional later that year. He converted to Islam and became a Muslim after 1961, and eventually took the name Muhammad Ali. He won the world heavyweight championship from Sonny Liston in a major upset at age 22 in 1964. In 1966, Ali refused to be drafted into the military, citing his religious beliefs and opposition to the Vietnam War. He was arrested, found guilty of draft evasion, and stripped of his boxing titles. He appealed the decision to the Supreme Court, which overturned his conviction in 1971, but he had not fought for nearly four years and lost a period of peak performance as an athlete. His actions as a conscientious objector to the war made him an icon for the larger counterculture generation, and he was a high-profile figure of racial pride for African Americans during the civil rights movement. As a Muslim, Ali was initially affiliated with Elijah Muhammad's Nation of Islam (NOI). He later disavowed the NOI, adhering to Sunni Islam, and supporting racial integration like his former mentor Malcolm X.
Laila Ali
Laila Amaria Ali (born December 30, 1977) is an American television personality and former professional boxer who competed from 1999 to 2007. She is the daughter of Muhammad Ali and is the eighth of her father's nine children. During her career, from which she retired undefeated, she held the WBC, WIBA, IWBF and IBA female super middleweight titles, and the IWBF light heavyweight title.

Question: Whos daughter is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1999 to 2007 and is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century?
Answer: Muhammad Ali
Mervyn Peake
Mervyn Laurence Peake (9 July 1911 – 17 November 1968) was an English writer, artist, poet, and illustrator. He is best known for what are usually referred to as the "Gormenghast" books. The three works were part of what Peake conceived as a lengthy cycle, the completion of which was prevented by his death. They are sometimes compared to the work of his older contemporary J. R. R. Tolkien, but Peake's surreal fiction was influenced by his early love for Charles Dickens and Robert Louis Stevenson rather than Tolkien's studies of mythology and philology.
Alamgir Hashmi
Alamgir Hashmi (Urdu: عالمگیر ہاشمی), also known as Aurangzeb Alamgir Hashmi (born 15 November 1951), is an English poet of Pakistani origin. Considered avant-garde, his early and later works were published to considerable critical acclaim and popularity.

Question: Were Alamgir Hashmi and Mervyn Peake both English?
Answer: yes
Mexico City
During this battle, on 13 September, the 4th Division, under John A. Quitman, spearheaded the attack against Chapultepec and carried the castle. Future Confederate generals George E. Pickett and James Longstreet participated in the attack. Serving in the Mexican defense were the cadets later immortalized as "Los Niños Héroes" (the "Boy Heroes"). The Mexican forces fell back from Chapultepec and retreated within the city. Attacks on the Belén and San Cosme Gates came afterwards. The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed in what is now the far north of the city.

Question: Who carried the castle?
Answer: the 4th Division
TED (conference)
TED Conferences LLC (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is an American media organization that posts talks online for free distribution under the slogan "ideas worth spreading". TED was conceived by Richard Saul Wurman in February 1984 as a conference; it has been held annually since 1990. TED's early emphasis was on technology and design, consistent with its Silicon Valley origins. It has since broadened its perspective to include talks on many scientific, cultural, political, and academic topics. It is curated by Chris Anderson, a British-American businessman, through the non-profit TED Foundation since July 1, 2019 (originally by the non-profit Sapling Foundation).
TED (conference)
The main TED conference is held annually in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at the Vancouver Convention Centre. Prior to 2014, the conference was held in Long Beach, California, United States. TED events are also held throughout North America and in Europe, Asia, and Africa, offering live streaming of the talks. They address a wide range of topics within the research and practice of science and culture, often through storytelling. The speakers are given a maximum of 18 minutes to present their ideas in the most innovative and engaging ways they can. Past speakers include Bill Clinton, Sean M. Carroll, Elon Musk, Ray Dalio, Cédric Villani, Stephen Hawking, Jane Goodall, Al Gore, Temple Grandin, Shahrukh Khan, Gordon Brown, David Cameron, Billy Graham, Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris, Bill Gates, Dolph Lundgren, Bob Weir, Shashi Tharoor, Bono, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Leana Wen, Pope Francis, Jeff Bezos, and many Nobel Prize winners.
TEDxBermuda
TEDxBermuda is an independently organized, licensed TED conference, held each year in Bermuda since 2011.

Question: TEDxBermuda is an independently organized, licensed conference by TED, a media organization which posts talks online for free distribution, under which quoted slogan?
Answer: "ideas worth spreading"
Mandy Moore
Amanda Leigh Moore (born April 10, 1984) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She rose to fame with her debut single "Candy", which peaked at number 41 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Her debut studio album, "So Real" (1999), received a platinum certification from the RIAA. The title single from her second studio album, "I Wanna Be With You" (2000), became Moore's first top 30 song in the U.S., peaking at number 24 on the Hot 100. Moore subsequently released the studio albums "Mandy Moore" (2001), "Coverage" (2003), "Wild Hope" (2007), "Amanda Leigh" (2009) and "Silver Landings" (2020).
Mandy Moore
Moore made her feature film debut in 2001, with a minor voice role in the comedy film "Dr. Dolittle 2", before starring as Lana Thomas in the comedy film "The Princess Diaries". She received recognition for her starring role as Jamie Sullivan in the romantic drama film "A Walk to Remember" (2002), and starred in the films "Chasing Liberty" (2004), "Saved!" (2004), "Racing Stripes" (2005), "Because I Said So" (2007), "License to Wed" (2007), "Love, Wedding, Marriage" (2011), "47 Meters Down" (2017), "The Darkest Minds" (2018), and "Midway" (2019). Moore also voiced Princess Rapunzel in the Disney animated fantasy musical comedy film "Tangled" (2010), the short film "Tangled Ever After" (2012), the Disney Channel television film, "" (2017), and the series "" (2017–2020).
Romance & Cigarettes
Romance & Cigarettes is a 2005 American musical romantic comedy film written and directed by John Turturro. The film stars an ensemble cast which includes James Gandolfini, Susan Sarandon, Kate Winslet, Steve Buscemi, Bobby Cannavale, Mandy Moore, Mary-Louise Parker, Aida Turturro, Christopher Walken, Barbara Sukowa, Elaine Stritch, Eddie Izzard, and Amy Sedaris. The film was nominated for a Golden Lion at the 2005 Venice Film Festival.

Question: Romance & Cigarettes included which singer, who came to prominence with her single "Candy"?
Answer: Amanda Leigh Moore
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The six Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe, while nominally independent, were widely recognized as the Soviet satellite states. All had been occupied by the Soviet Red Army in 1945, had Soviet-style socialist states imposed upon them, and had very restricted freedom of action in either domestic or international affairs. Any moves towards real independence were suppressed by military force – in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Prague Spring in 1968. Gorbachev abandoned the oppressive and expensive Brezhnev Doctrine, which mandated intervention in the Warsaw Pact states, in favor of non-intervention in the internal affairs of allies – jokingly termed the Sinatra Doctrine in a reference to the Frank Sinatra song "My Way". Poland was the first republic to democratize following the enactment of the April Novelization, as agreed upon following the Polish Round Table Agreement talks from February to April between the government and the Solidarity trade union, and soon the Pact began to dissolve itself. The last of the countries to end communism, Romania, only did so following the violent Romanian Revolution.

Question: What year did the Prague Spring take place?
Answer: 1968
Garden city movement
The garden city movement is a method of urban planning in which self-contained communities are surrounded by "greenbelts", containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. The idea was initiated in 1898 by Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom and aims to capture the primary benefits of a countryside environment and a city environment while avoiding the disadvantages presented by both. Howard was knighted in 1927. During his lifetime Letchworth, Brentham Garden Suburb and Welwyn Garden City were built in or near London according to Howard’s concept and many other garden cities inspired by his model have since been built all over the world.
Hohenhof
Hohenhof is a 1908-built Art Nouveau villa, located within Gartenstadt Hohenhagen in the city of Hagen, Germany. The villa was designed by Belgian architect Henry van de Velde as a "Gesamtkunstwerk" - incorporating shell, accessories, furnishings, landscape and all into the building's design.

Question: What urban planning method what used in design of Henry van de Velde's Hohenhof?
Answer: garden city movement
Eastside Canal
Eastside Canal is an irrigation canal in Kern County, California. It originates from a common diversion at Manor Street in Bakersfield, which also serves the Carrier Canal and Kern Island Canal. The common diversion originates from the Kern River, about 1 mi south of Gordon's Ferry. The canal terminates south of Bear Mountain Boulevard (SR 223), just west of Arvin.
Eastside Canal
From the common diversion, the canal travels south, roughly parallel to the Kern Island Canal. After crossing SR 178 (Crosstown Freeway), it turns southeast. It continues southeast, running through the center of Lake Street. At Williams Street, the canal shifts south following the Union Pacific Railroad's right-of-way. At Canal Street, the canal crosses the railroad tracks, but continues to travel southeast. At Fairfax Road, it turns south. It continues traveling roughly south, until it terminates near Arvin.
Colorado River Aqueduct
The Colorado River Aqueduct, or CRA, is a 242 mi water conveyance in Southern California in the United States, operated by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD). The aqueduct impounds water from the Colorado River, at Lake Havasu on the California-Arizona border, west across the Mojave and Colorado deserts to the east side of the Santa Ana Mountains. It is one of the primary sources of drinking water for Southern California.

Question: Are Colorado River Aqueduct and Eastside Canal both in the same state?
Answer: yes
Carlos Ortiz
Carlos Ortiz (born 9 September 1936) is a Puerto Rican former professional boxer. He won three world titles, two at lightweight and once at light welterweight. Along with Félix Trinidad, Miguel Cotto, Wilfredo Gómez, Héctor Camacho, and Wilfred Benítez, Ortiz is considered among the best Puerto Rican boxers of all time by sports journalists and analysts. As of January 2018, Ortiz holds the record for the most wins in unified lightweight title bouts in boxing history at 10.
Joe Santarpia
Joe began his career as an amateur boxer and made it all the way to the semi finals in the New York Golden Gloves. He then went on to become the captain of an American boxing team that competed against England's team in the Internationals. On that team was three time world champ Carlos Ortiz. Joe sustained an injury to his left eye forcing him to make unwanted adjustments for his future vocation.

Question: Joe Santarpia, began his career as an amateur boxer and made it all the way to the semi finals in the New York Golden Gloves, on that team was three time world champ Carlos Ortiz, of which nationality?
Answer: Puerto Rican
Dwight D. Eisenhower
At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" about Chaney and his staff. On June 23, 1942, he returned to London as Commanding General, European Theater of Operations (ETOUSA), based in London and with a house on Coombe, Kingston upon Thames, and took over command of ETOUSA from Chaney. He was promoted to lieutenant general on July 7.

Question: What appointment did Eisenhower receive on June 23, 1942?
Answer: Commanding General, European Theater of Operations
ASCII
DEC operating systems (OS/8, RT-11, RSX-11, RSTS, TOPS-10, etc.) used both characters to mark the end of a line so that the console device (originally Teletype machines) would work. By the time so-called "glass TTYs" (later called CRTs or terminals) came along, the convention was so well established that backward compatibility necessitated continuing the convention. When Gary Kildall created CP/M he was inspired by some command line interface conventions used in DEC's RT-11. Until the introduction of PC DOS in 1981, IBM had no hand in this because their 1970s operating systems used EBCDIC instead of ASCII and they were oriented toward punch-card input and line printer output on which the concept of carriage return was meaningless. IBM's PC DOS (also marketed as MS-DOS by Microsoft) inherited the convention by virtue of being loosely based on CP/M, and Windows inherited it from MS-DOS.

Question: What did Gary Kildall clone to create CP/M?
Answer: RT-11
David Bradley (English actor)
David John Bradley (born 17 April 1942) is an English actor. He is known for playing Argus Filch in the "Harry Potter" film series, Walder Frey in the HBO fantasy series "Game of Thrones" and Abraham Setrakian in the FX horror series "The Strain". He is also an established stage actor with a career that includes a Laurence Olivier Award for his role in a production of "King Lear". Other acting credits include the BBC series "Our Friends in the North", the ITV series "Broadchurch" (for which he won the best supporting actor award at the 2014 British Academy Television Awards), the 2018-2019 BBC miniseries "Les Misérables", the comedy series "After Life" and the films "Hot Fuzz", "The World's End" and "".
Doctor Who: The First Doctor Adventures
The First Doctor Adventures is a Big Finish Productions audio play series based on the British television programme "Doctor Who". It sees the return of David Bradley as the First Doctor, a role originated by William Hartnell from 1963 to 1966, as well as by Bradley on television in the episodes "The Doctor Falls" and "Twice Upon a Time". David Bradley also portrayed William Hartnell in the BBC bio-drama, "An Adventure in Space and Time".

Question: Which character does the star of Doctor Who: The First Doctor Adventures play in the Harry Potter series?
Answer: Argus Filch
Anti-aircraft warfare
The Germans developed massive reinforced-concrete blockhouses, some more than six stories high, which were known as "Hochbunker" "High Bunkers" or ""Flaktürme" flak towers, on which they placed anti-aircraft artillery. Those in cities attacked by the Allied land forces became fortresses. Several in Berlin were some of the last buildings to fall to the Soviets during the Battle of Berlin in 1945. The British built structures such as the Maunsell Forts in the North Sea, the Thames Estuary and other tidal areas upon which they based guns. After the war most were left to rot. Some were outside territorial waters, and had a second life in the 1960s as platforms for pirate radio stations, while another became the base of a micronation, the Principality of Sealand.

Question: What structure did the British build in the North Sea?
Answer: Maunsell Forts
Ivanhoé
Ivanhoé is an 1826 pastiche opera in three acts with music by Gioachino Rossini to a French-language libretto by Émile Deschamps and Gabriel-Gustave de Wailly, after Walter Scott's 1819 novel of the same name. The music was adapted, with the composer's permission, by the music-publisher Antonio Pacini from Rossini's operas, namely "Semiramide", "La Cenerentola", "La gazza ladra", and "Tancredi" in order to introduce his music to Paris. An examination of the score shows that Pacini also used music from "Bianca e Faliero", "Armida", "Maometto II", "Aureliano in Palmira", "Sigismondo", "Torvaldo e Dorliska", "Mosè in Egitto" and an amount of newly composed music including fanfares and the gallop that was later to become famous from its inclusion in "Guglielmo Tell". The work was premiered on 15 September 1826, at the Odéon Theatre.
La gazza ladra
La gazza ladra (] , The Thieving Magpie) is a "melodramma" or opera semiseria in two acts by Gioachino Rossini, with a libretto by Giovanni Gherardini based on "La pie voleuse" by Théodore Baudouin d'Aubigny and Louis-Charles Caigniez.

Question: Ivanhoé is an 1826 pastiche opera in three acts with music by Gioachino Rossini, the  music was adapted, with the composer's permission, by the music-publisher Antonio Pacini from Rossini's operas, namely La gazza ladra, is a "melodramma" or opera semiseria in two acts by Gioachino Rossini, with a libretto by who?
Answer: Giovanni Gherardini
Space Race
The origins of the Space Race can be traced to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles capable of sub-orbital spaceflight. Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. Von Braun dreamed of conquering outer space with rockets and did not initially see the military value in missile technology.

Question: Where were the actual origin of the Space Race?
Answer: Germany
Magical creatures in Harry Potter
Magical creatures are an aspect of the fictional wizarding world contained in the "Harry Potter" and "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them" series, both by British author J. K. Rowling. Throughout the seven books of the series, Harry and his friends come across many of these creatures on their adventures, as well as in their Care of Magical Creatures lessons at Hogwarts. The Care of Magical Creatures Class take care of creatures such as Hippogriffs, Unicorns and Owls. Rowling has also written "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them", a guide to the magical beasts found in the series. Many of these are derived from folklore, primarily Greek mythology, but also British and Scandinavian folklore. Many of the legends surrounding mythical creatures are also incorporated in the books. "Children ... know that I didn't invent unicorns, but I've had to explain frequently that I didn't actually invent hippogriffs," Rowling told Stephen Fry in an interview for BBC Radio 4. "When I do use a creature that I know is a mythological entity, I like to find out as much as I can about it. I might not use it, but to make it as consistent as I feel is good for my plot."
Magic in Harry Potter
In J. K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series, magic is depicted as a supernatural force that can be used to override the usual laws of nature. Many fictional magical creatures exist in the series, while ordinary creatures also sometimes exhibit magical properties. Magical objects are also described. The small number of humans who are able to perform magic (witches and wizards) refer to the rest of the population, oblivious to the existence of magic, as "Muggles" in the United Kingdom and "No-Maj" in the United States.

Question: In the "Harry Potter" series created by who, many fictional magical creatures exist in the series, while ordinary creatures sometimes exhibit new magical properties in the novel's world?
Answer: J. K. Rowling
Sexual orientation
In "Sexual Behavior in the Human Male" (1948) and "Sexual Behavior in the Human Female" (1953), by Alfred C. Kinsey et al., people were asked to rate themselves on a scale from completely heterosexual to completely homosexual. Kinsey reported that when the individuals' behavior, as well as their identity, are analyzed, a significant number of people appeared to be at least somewhat bisexual – i.e., they have some attraction to either sex, although usually one sex is preferred. However, only a small minority can be considered fully bisexual (with an equal attraction to both sexes). Kinsey's methods have been criticized as flawed, particularly with regard to the randomness of his sample population, which included prison inmates, male prostitutes and those who willingly participated in discussion of previously taboo sexual topics. Nevertheless, Paul Gebhard, subsequent director of the Kinsey Institute for Sex Research, reexamined the data in the Kinsey Reports and concluded that removing the prison inmates and prostitutes barely affected the results. More recent researchers believe that Kinsey overestimated the rate of same-sex attraction because of flaws in his sampling methods.

Question: What where people asked to do in these research studies?
Answer: people were asked to rate themselves on a scale from completely heterosexual to completely homosexual.
PlayStation 3
Developers also found the machine difficult to program for. In 2007, Gabe Newell of Valve said "The PS3 is a total disaster on so many levels, I think it's really clear that Sony lost track of what customers and what developers wanted". He continued "I'd say, even at this late date, they should just cancel it and do a do over. Just say, 'This was a horrible disaster and we're sorry and we're going to stop selling this and stop trying to convince people to develop for it'". Doug Lombardi VP of Marketing for Valve has since stated that Valve is interested in developing for the console and is looking to hire talented PS3 programmers for future projects. He later restated Valve's position, "Until we have the ability to get a PS3 team together, until we find the people who want to come to Valve or who are at Valve who want to work on that, I don't really see us moving to that platform". At Sony's E3 2010 press conference, Newell made a live appearance to recant his previous statements, citing Sony's move to make the system more developer friendly, and to announce that Valve would be developing "Portal 2" for the system. He also claimed that the inclusion of Steamworks (Valve's system to automatically update their software independently) would help to make the PS3 version of "Portal 2" the best console version on the market.

Question: Who is Valve's VP of Marketing who says they want to hire programmers for a PS3 team?
Answer: Doug Lombardi
Edmund Burke
During the year following that contract, Burke founded with Dodsley the influential "Annual Register", a publication in which various authors evaluated the international political events of the previous year. The extent to which Burke contributed to the "Annual Register" is unclear. In his biography of Burke, Robert Murray quotes the "Register" as evidence of Burke's opinions, yet Philip Magnus in his biography does not cite it directly as a reference. Burke remained the chief editor of the publication until at least 1789 and there is no evidence that any other writer contributed to it before 1766.

Question: Burke was the chief editor for the Register until at least what year?
Answer: 1789
Queen (band)
Having studied graphic design in art college, Mercury also designed Queen's logo, called the Queen crest, shortly before the release of the band's first album. The logo combines the zodiac signs of all four members: two lions for Leo (Deacon and Taylor), a crab for Cancer (May), and two fairies for Virgo (Mercury). The lions embrace a stylised letter Q, the crab rests atop the letter with flames rising directly above it, and the fairies are each sheltering below a lion. There is also a crown inside the Q and the whole logo is over-shadowed by an enormous phoenix. The whole symbol bears a passing resemblance to the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom, particularly with the lion supporters. The original logo, as found on the reverse-side of the cover of the band's first album, was a simple line drawing. Later sleeves bore more intricate-coloured versions of the logo.

Question: What was Freddie Mercury's zodiac sign?
Answer: Virgo
Singapore
Singapore ( ), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude (137 km ) north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Straits of Malacca to the west, the Riau Islands to the south, and the South China Sea to the east. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet, the combined area of which has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. The country is home to 5.7 million residents, 61% (3.4 million) of whom are Singaporean citizens. There are four official languages of Singapore: English, Malay, Chinese, and Tamil; with English being the lingua franca. This reflects in its rich cultural diversity and extensive ethnic cuisine and major festivals. Multiracialism is enshrined in the constitution, and continues to shape national policies in education, housing, and politics.
Singapore
Although its history stretches back millennia, modern Singapore was founded in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles as a trading post of the British Empire. In 1867, the colonies in East Asia were reorganised and Singapore came under the direct control of Britain as part of the Straits Settlements. During the Second World War, Singapore was occupied by Japan in 1942 but returned to British control as a separate crown colony following Japan's surrender in 1945. Singapore gained self-governance in 1959, and in 1963 became part of the new federation of Malaysia, alongside Malaya, North Borneo, and Sarawak. Ideological differences led to Singapore being expelled from the federation two years later, thereby becoming an independent country.
Tiong Bahru Plaza
Tiong Bahru Plaza (Simplified Chinese: 中峇鲁广场) is a shopping mall located in Tiong Bahru Estate, in Bukit Merah, Singapore, near Tiong Bahru Road, Jalan Membina and Bukit Ho Swee Crescent, which is where the entrance to the mall is located. It consists of a 20-storey office tower block (Central Plaza), and a 6-storey shopping and entertainment complex, with 3 basement carparks. The mall is also directly linked to Tiong Bahru MRT Station of the East West Line, which is easily accessible from Exit B of the station.

Question: Tiong Bahru Plaza is located in the city that is at the southern tip of what landform?
Answer: Malay Peninsula