qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Nigeria
The Nok civilisation of Northern Nigeria flourished between 1,500 BC and AD 200. It produced life-sized terracotta figures that are some of the earliest known sculptures in Sub-Saharan Africa. and smelted iron by about 550 BC and possibly a few centuries earlier. Evidence of iron smelting has also been excavated at sites in the Nsukka region of southeast Nigeria: dating to 2000 BC at the site of Lejja (Uzomaka 2009) and to 750 BC and at the site of Opi. The Kingdom of Nri of the Igbo people consolidated in the 10th century and continued until it lost its sovereignty to the British in 1911. Nri was ruled by the Eze Nri, and the city of Nri is considered to be the foundation of Igbo culture. Nri and Aguleri, where the Igbo creation myth originates, are in the territory of the Umeuri clan. Members of the clan trace their lineages back to the patriarchal king-figure Eri. In West Africa, the oldest bronzes made using the lost-wax process were from Igbo-Ukwu, a city under Nri influence. The Yoruba kingdoms of Ife and Oyo in southwestern Nigeria became prominent in the 12th and 14th centuries, respectively. The oldest signs of human settlement at Ife's current site date back to the 9th century, and its material culture includes terracotta and bronze figures.

Question: Which tribe ran the city of Nri?
Answer: Igbo
Hermann Fegelein
Hans Otto Georg Hermann Fegelein (30 October 1906 – 28 April 1945) was a high-ranking commander in the Waffen-SS of Nazi Germany. He was a member of Adolf Hitler's entourage and brother-in-law to Eva Braun through his marriage to her sister Gretl.
Thomas Kretschmann
Thomas Kretschmann (] ; born 8 September 1962) is a German actor. His notable film roles include Lieutenant Hans von Witzland in "Stalingrad" (1993), Hauptmann Wilm Hosenfeld in "The Pianist" (2002), Hermann Fegelein in "Downfall" (2004), Captain Englehorn in "King Kong" (2005), Major Otto Remer in "Valkyrie" (2008), the voice of Professor Z in "Cars 2" (2011), Hauptmann Peter Kahn in "Stalingrad" (2013). He also appeared as Baron Wolfgang von Strucker in "" (2014) and "" (2015).

Question: What was the profession of the character Thomas Kretschmann portrayed in "Downfall"?
Answer: high-ranking commander in the Waffen-SS of Nazi Germany
Imamate in Shia doctrine
By the verse Quran, 2:124, Shias believe that Imamah is a divine position always Imamah is accompanied by the word guidance, of course a guidance by God's Command. A kind of guidance which brings humanity to the goal. Regarding 17:71, no age can be without an Imam. So, according to the upper verse, 1. Imamah is a position which is appointed by God and must be specified by Him; 2. Imam is protected by a divine protection and no one excels him in nobility; 3. No age can be without an Imam and finally Imam knows everything which is needed for human being to get to the truth and goal.

Question: Who knows everything that is needed to get to the truth and goal?
Answer: Imam
Paul Hindemith
Paul Hindemith ( ; 16 November 1895 – 28 December 1963) was a prolific German composer, violist, violinist, teacher and conductor. In the 1920s, he became a major advocate of the "Neue Sachlichkeit" (new objectivity) style of music. Notable compositions include his song cycle "Das Marienleben" (1923), "Der Schwanendreher" for viola and orchestra (1935), and the opera "Mathis der Maler" (1938). Hindemith's most popular work, both on record and in the concert hall, is likely the "Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber", written in 1943.
Der Schwanendreher
Paul Hindemith's Der Schwanendreher (literally, "The Swan turner") is a concerto for viola and orchestra. "Der Schwanendreher" occupies a place at the core of the viola concerto repertoire, along with the concertos by Walton and Bartók. It was composed in 1935 and premiered by the composer himself at a performance in Amsterdam on 14 November 1935. Each movement is based on a separate medieval German folk song, thus, it is sometimes referred to as the "Concerto from Old Folk Songs". This composition draws its title from the final movement's folk song base, "Aren't you the swan turner?".

Question: Der Schwanendreher was a concerto by the composer of what nationality?
Answer: German
United Nations Population Fund
The agency began operations in 1969 as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities under the administration of the United Nations Development Fund. In 1971 it was placed under the authority of the United Nations General Assembly. Its name was changed into United Nations Population Fund in 1987. However, the shortened term of UNFPA has been retained.

Question: When was UNFPA moved to being under the authority of the United Nations General Assembly?
Answer: 1971
Space Race
The American professor Robert H. Goddard had worked on developing solid-propellant rockets since 1914, and demonstrated a light battlefield rocket to the US Army Signal Corps only five days before the signing of the armistice that ended World War I. He also started developing liquid-propellant rockets in 1921, yet he had not been taken seriously by the public.

Question: What professor began working on solid-fuel rockets since 1914?
Answer: Robert H. Goddard
Friedrich Hayek
In 1991, President George H.W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am Walde cemetery in the northern outskirts of Vienna according to the Catholic rite. In 2011, his article "The Use of Knowledge in Society" was selected as one of the top 20 articles published in "The American Economic Review" during its first 100 years.

Question: Where was Hayek when he died?
Answer: Freiburg, Germany
Thuringia
Agriculture and forestry have declined in importance over the decades. Nevertheless, they are more important than in the most other areas of Germany, especially within rural regions. 54% of Thuringia's territory is in agricultural use. The fertile basins such as the large Thuringian Basin or the smaller Goldene Aue, Orlasenke and Osterland are in intensive use for growing cereals, vegetables, fruits and energy crops. Important products are apples, strawberries, cherries and plums in the fruit sector, cabbage, potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes (grown in greenhouses), onions, cucumbers and asparagus in the vegetable sector, as well as maize, rapeseed, wheat, barley and sugar beets in the crop sector.

Question: How much of Thuringia's territory is in agricultural use?
Answer: 54%
Washington University in St. Louis
Virtually all faculty members at Washington University engage in academic research, offering opportunities for both undergraduate and graduate students across the university's seven schools. Known for its interdisciplinarity and departmental collaboration, many of Washington University's research centers and institutes are collaborative efforts between many areas on campus. More than 60% of undergraduates are involved in faculty research across all areas; it is an institutional priority for undergraduates to be allowed to participate in advanced research. According to the Center for Measuring University Performance, it is considered to be one of the top 10 private research universities in the nation. A dedicated Office of Undergraduate Research is located on the Danforth Campus and serves as a resource to post research opportunities, advise students in finding appropriate positions matching their interests, publish undergraduate research journals, and award research grants to make it financially possible to perform research.

Question: Where is the Office of Undergraduate Research located?
Answer: the Danforth Campus
Copyright infringement
Some copyright owners voluntarily reduce the scope of what is considered infringement by employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing strategies: rather than privately negotiating license terms with individual users who must first seek out the copyright owner and ask for permission, the copyright owner publishes and distributes the work with a prepared license that anyone can use, as long as they adhere to certain conditions. This has the effect of reducing infringement – and the burden on courts – by simply permitting certain types of uses under terms that the copyright owner considers reasonable. Examples include free software licenses, like the GNU General Public License (GPL), and the Creative Commons licenses, which are predominantly applied to visual and literary works.

Question: What do some copyright owners do by reducing the scope of infringement?
Answer: employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing
Billy Vessels
Billy Dale Vessels (March 22, 1931 – November 17, 2001) was a gridiron football player. He played college football at the University of Oklahoma and won the Heisman Trophy in 1952. Vessels went on to play professional football with the National Football League's Baltimore Colts and the Western Interprovincial Football Union's Edmonton Eskimos.
1951 Sugar Bowl
The 1951 Sugar Bowl was the 17th Sugar Bowl, played on January 1, 1951, in New Orleans, It matched the Oklahoma Sooners and the Kentucky Wildcats.
1951 Sugar Bowl
Oklahoma (10–0) was the Big Seven champion and was ranked first in both major polls; seventh-ranked Kentucky (10–1) was the Southeastern Conference champion. Oklahoma averaged 34.5 points per game; only one team had scored more than twice in a game against Kentucky that season. Oklahoma entered the New Year's Day game with a 31-game winning streak; the Sooners' previous loss was in September 1948, and they were favored by six to seven Kentucky was led by head coach Bear Bryant, and Oklahoma by Bud Wilkinson. Notable players included Oklahoma's Billy Vessels and Kentucky's Charlie McClendon, Babe Parilli, and Wilbur "Shorty" Jamerson. Over 80,000 fans attended

Question: When was one of the the notable Oklahoma's player died who played the 1951 Sugar Bowl and was a gridiron football player?
Answer: November 17, 2001
U-FLY Alliance
U-FLY Alliance () is the world's first alliance of low-cost carriers, formed in January 2016 between founding members HK Express, Lucky Air , Urumqi Air, and West Air. All four founding airlines are affiliated with the HNA Group, with a focus on Hong Kong, mainland China, and Southeast Asia, but they are currently seeking new members which are not affiliated with HNA Group. Eastar Jet, a South Korean low-cost carrier, joined the alliance on 27 July 2016.
West Air (China)
West Airlines Co. Ltd. (), operating as West Air, is a low-cost airline based in New North Zone, Chongqing, China, operating a scheduled passenger network to domestic and international destinations out of its hub, Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport. The company was established in March 2006 by its parent company Hainan Airlines, with the launch of scheduled services on 14 July 2010. The airline is one of the four founding members of the U-FLY Alliance.

Question: Which founding member of U-FLY Alliance is based in New North Zone, Chongqing, People's Republic of China?
Answer: West Air
Donna Murphy
Donna Murphy (born March 7, 1959) is an American actress and singer, known for her work in musical theater. A five-time Tony Award nominee, she has twice won the Tony for Best Actress in a Musical: for her role as Fosca in "Passion" (1994–95) and as Anna Leonowens" in The King and I" (1996–97). She was also nominated for her roles as Ruth Sherwood in "Wonderful Town" (2003), Lotte Lenya in "LoveMusik" (2007) and Bubbie/Raisel in "The People in the Picture" (2011).
Mother Knows Best (song)
"Mother Knows Best" is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater for Walt Disney Pictures' 50th animated feature film "Tangled" (2010). Included on the film's official soundtrack, "Mother Knows Best" is a musical theatre-inspired pop and jazz ballad performed by American actress and singer Donna Murphy in her animated role as Mother Gothel, the film's villain. Incorporating a series of passive-aggressive insults into its lyrics, the song serves as Gothel's attempt to frighten Rapunzel into remaining in their secluded tower despite her constant requests to see the floating lanterns so that she can continue exploiting her hair's regenerating abilities to remain youthful. "Mother Knows Best" is eventually reprised in a more sinister, vengeful manner by Gothel after Rapunzel, having left the tower, openly defies her for the first time.

Question:  "Mother Knows Best" is a musical theatre-inspired pop and jazz ballad performed a singer born in which year ?
Answer: 1959
History of India
The Vedic period is the period when the Vedas were composed, the liturgical hymns from some of the Indo-Aryan. The Vedic culture was located in part of north-west India, while other parts of India had a distinct cultural identity during this period. The Vedic culture is described in the texts of Vedas, still sacred to Hindus, which were orally composed in Vedic Sanskrit. The Vedas are some of the oldest extant texts in India. The Vedic period, lasting from about 1500 to 500 BCE, contributed the foundations of several cultural aspects of the Indian subcontinent. In terms of culture, many regions of the Indian subcontinent transitioned from the Chalcolithic to the Iron Age in this period.

Question: What sacred texts are some of the oldest in India?
Answer: The Vedas
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Human settlement of the New World occurred in stages from the Bering sea coast line, with a possible initial layover of 10,000 to 20,000 years in Beringia for the small founding population. The micro-satellite diversity and distributions of the Y lineage specific to South America indicates that certain indigenous peoples of the Americas populations have been isolated since the initial colonization of the region. The Na-Dené, Inuit and Indigenous Alaskan populations exhibit haplogroup Q (Y-DNA) mutations, however are distinct from other indigenous peoples of the Americas with various mtDNA and atDNA mutations. This suggests that the earliest migrants into the northern extremes of North America and Greenland derived from later migrant populations.

Question: What did human settlement of the New World occur in?
Answer: stages
Cheetah (1989 film)
Cheetah, also known as Cheetah and Friends, is a 1989 American family drama film from Walt Disney Pictures starring Keith Coogan and Lucy Deakins. This motion picture was loosely based on Alan Caillou's novel "The Cheetahs". It was shot in Nairobi, Kenya. This motion picture features the phrase "Hakuna matata" which became famous when Disney released "The Lion King" five years later.
Bruce Rowland
Bruce Rowland (born May 9, 1942 in Melbourne) is a well-known Australian composer. He composed the soundtrack for the 1982 movie "The Man from Snowy River", as well as the soundtrack for its 1988 sequel "The Man from Snowy River II" (which has the United States title of "Return to Snowy River", and the United Kingdom title of "The Untamed"). Both films were based on Banjo Paterson's poem The Man from Snowy River. His other film scores include "Now and Forever" (1983), "Phar Lap" (1983), "Bushfire Moon" (1987), "Cheetah" (1989), "Weekend with Kate" (1990), "Gross Misconduct" (1993), "Andre" (1994), "Lightning Jack" (1994), "Zeus and Roxanne" (1997) and the TV movie "" (1997).

Question: Bruce Rowland wrote the film score for which 1989 live-action film?
Answer: Cheetah
Letter case
In some contexts, it is conventional to use one case only. For example, engineering design drawings are typically labelled entirely in upper-case letters, which are easier to distinguish individually than the lower case when space restrictions require that the lettering be very small. In mathematics, on the other hand, letter case may indicate the relationship between objects, with upper-case letters often representing "superior" objects (e.g. "X" could be a set containing the generic member "x").

Question: Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling?
Answer: upper-case
Plymouth
Plymouth also has 71 state primary phase schools, 13 state secondary schools, eight special schools and three selective state grammar schools, Devonport High School for Girls, Devonport High School for Boys and Plymouth High School for Girls. There is also an independent school Plymouth College.

Question: Plymouth has how many state secondary schools?
Answer: 13
Athanasius of Alexandria
The Gospel of St. John and particularly the first chapter demonstrates the Divinity of Jesus. This Gospel in itself is the greatest support of Athanasius' stand. The Gospel of St. John's first chapter began to be said at the end of Mass, we believe as a result of Athanasius, and his life's stand, but quietly, and was later - together with some other originally private devotions - absorbed by the liturgical service proper as so-called "Last Gospel" . The beginning of John's Gospel was much used as an object of special devotion throughout the Middle Ages; the practice of saying it at the altar grew, and eventually Pius V made this practice universal for the Roman Rite in his edition of the Missal (1570). It became a firm custom with exceptions in using another Gospel in use from 1920.

Question: What does this Gospel show that Athanasius also believed?
Answer: the Divinity of Jesus
Göttingen Seven
The Göttingen Seven ( ) were a group of seven liberal professors from Göttingen. In 1837, they protested against the abolition or alteration of the constitution of the Kingdom of Hanover by its new ruler, King Ernest Augustus, and refused to swear an oath to the king. The company of seven was led by historian Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann, who himself was one of the key advocates of the unadulterated constitution. The other six were the Germanist brothers Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm (famed fairy tale and folk tale writers and storytellers, known together as the Brothers Grimm), jurist Wilhelm Eduard Albrecht, historian Georg Gottfried Gervinus, physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber, and theologian and orientalist Heinrich Georg August Ewald.
Wilhelm Eduard Weber
Wilhelm Eduard Weber ( ; ] ; 24 October 1804 – 23 June 1891) was a German physicist and, together with Carl Friedrich Gauss, inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph.

Question:  The Göttingen Seven included what professor born on October 24 1804?
Answer: Wilhelm Eduard Weber
IPod
iPods with color displays use anti-aliased graphics and text, with sliding animations. All iPods (except the 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle, the 6th & 7th generation iPod Nano, and iPod Touch) have five buttons and the later generations have the buttons integrated into the click wheel – an innovation that gives an uncluttered, minimalist interface. The buttons perform basic functions such as menu, play, pause, next track, and previous track. Other operations, such as scrolling through menu items and controlling the volume, are performed by using the click wheel in a rotational manner. The 3rd-generation iPod Shuffle does not have any controls on the actual player; instead, it has a small control on the earphone cable, with volume-up and -down buttons and a single button for play and pause, next track, etc. The iPod Touch has no click-wheel; instead, it uses a touch screen along with a home button, sleep/wake button, and (on the second and third generations of the iPod Touch) volume-up and -down buttons. The user interface for the iPod Touch is identical to that of the iPhone. Differences include the lack of a phone application. Both devices use iOS.

Question: How many buttons do most iPods use?
Answer: five
It's an Adventure, Charlie Brown
It's an Adventure, Charlie Brown is the 25th prime-time animated television special based upon the popular comic strip "Peanuts," by Charles M. Schulz. It was originally aired on the CBS network on May 16, 1983. It, along with 1982's "A Charlie Brown Celebration", inspired the Saturday Morning series "The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show".
The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show
The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show is an animated television series featuring characters and storylines from the Charles M. Schulz comic strip "Peanuts". It aired Saturday mornings on the CBS network from 1983 to 1985.
The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show
Due to lower-than-expected ratings, in an attempt to boost viewership, CBS moved the series to 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time early in 1984. It did not help the ratings much, and while the show was not formally cancelled in 1984, further production was on hiatus, and in 1985, CBS ordered five new episodes for what would be a second and final season. Early in 1986, CBS dropped the show after many weeks of reruns."

Question: It's an Adventure, Charlie Brown inspired what Saturday morning show that aired from 1983 to 1985?
Answer: The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show
Genocide
All signatories to the CPPCG are required to prevent and punish acts of genocide, both in peace and wartime, though some barriers make this enforcement difficult. In particular, some of the signatories—namely, Bahrain, Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, the United States, Vietnam, Yemen, and former Yugoslavia—signed with the proviso that no claim of genocide could be brought against them at the International Court of Justice without their consent. Despite official protests from other signatories (notably Cyprus and Norway) on the ethics and legal standing of these reservations, the immunity from prosecution they grant has been invoked from time to time, as when the United States refused to allow a charge of genocide brought against it by former Yugoslavia following the 1999 Kosovo War.

Question: During which times can a perpetrator of genocide be charged?
Answer: both in peace and wartime
Stripes (film)
Stripes is a 1981 American war comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman and starring Bill Murray, Harold Ramis, Warren Oates, P. J. Soles, Sean Young, and John Candy. Several actors including John Larroquette, John Diehl, Conrad Dunn, and Judge Reinhold were featured in their first significant film roles. Joe Flaherty, Dave Thomas, Timothy Busfield, and Bill Paxton also appeared early in their careers.
Stripes (film)
John Winger (Bill Murray) is a cab driver in New York City who, in the span of a few hours, loses his job, his apartment, his car, and his girlfriend, Anita. Realizing that he is a 30 year old loser with no prospects, he decides to join the Army. He talks his best friend Russell Ziskey (Harold Ramis), a teacher of English as a second language, into joining him, and they go to a recruiting office and are soon sent off to basic training.
P. J. Soles
Pamela Jayne Soles (née Hardon; born July 17, 1950) is a German-born American actress. She made her film debut in 1976 as Norma Watson in Brian De Palma's "Carrie" (1976) before portraying Lynda van der Klok in John Carpenter's "Halloween" (1978) and Riff Randell in Allan Arkush's "Rock 'n' Roll High School" (1979).
P. J. Soles
She has since appeared in a variety of films including "Breaking Away" (1979), "Private Benjamin" (1980), "Stripes" (1981), "Sweet Dreams" (1985), "Jawbreaker" (1999) and cult classics like "The Devil's Rejects" (2005) and "Beg".

Question: The actress that played Norma Watson in "Carrie" also starred in a 1981 film directed by who?
Answer: Ivan Reitman
Brothers Quay
Stephen and Timothy Quay ( ; born June 17, 1947) are American identical twin brothers and stop-motion animators who are better known as the Brothers Quay or Quay Brothers. They were also the recipients of the 1998 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Set Design for their work on the play "The Chairs".
Luchino Visconti
Luchino Visconti di Modrone, Count of Lonate Pozzolo (] ; 2 November 1906 – 17 March 1976), was an Italian theatre, opera and cinema director, as well as a screenwriter. He is best known for his films "Ossessione" (1943), "Senso" (1954), "Rocco and His Brothers" (1960), "The Leopard" (1963), "The Damned" (1969), "Death in Venice" (1971) and "The Innocent" (1976).

Question: Were Luchino Visconti and the Brothers Quay of the same nationality?
Answer: no
Richmond, Virginia
The area between Belvidere Street, Interstate 195, Interstate 95, and the river, which includes Virginia Commonwealth University, is socioeconomically and architecturally diverse. North of Broad Street, the Carver and Newtowne West neighborhoods are demographically similar to neighboring Jackson Ward, with Carver experiencing some gentrification due to its proximity to VCU. The affluent area between the Boulevard, Main Street, Broad Street, and VCU, known as the Fan, is home to Monument Avenue, an outstanding collection of Victorian architecture, and many students. West of the Boulevard is the Museum District, which contains the Virginia Historical Society and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. South of the Downtown Expressway are Byrd Park, Maymont, Hollywood Cemetery, the predominantly black working-class Randolph neighborhood, and white working-class Oregon Hill. Cary Street between Interstate 195 and the Boulevard is a popular commercial area called Carytown.

Question: Along with Newtowne West, to what neighborhood is Carver regarded as having comparable demographics?
Answer: Jackson Ward
Frédéric Chopin
In June 1837 Chopin visited London incognito in the company of the piano manufacturer Camille Pleyel where he played at a musical soirée at the house of English piano maker James Broadwood. On his return to Paris, his association with Sand began in earnest and by the end of June 1838 they had become lovers. Sand, who was six years older than the composer, and who had had a series of lovers, wrote at this time: "I must say I was confused and amazed at the effect this little creature had on me ... I have still not recovered from my astonishment, and if I were a proud person I should be feeling humiliated at having been carried away ..." The two spent a miserable winter on Majorca (8 November 1838 to 13 February 1839), where, together with Sand's two children, they had journeyed in the hope of improving the health of Chopin and that of Sand's 15-year-old son Maurice, and also to escape the threats of Sand's former lover Félicien Mallefille. After discovering that the couple were not married, the deeply traditional Catholic people of Majorca became inhospitable, making accommodation difficult to find. This compelled the group to take lodgings in a former Carthusian monastery in Valldemossa, which gave little shelter from the cold winter weather.

Question: What event occurred on Frédéric's return to Paris?
Answer: his association with Sand began in earnest
Bologna
Bologna ( , , ] ( ) ; ] ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 390,000 inhabitants and 150 different nationalities. Its metropolitan area is home to more than 1,000,000 people.
Bologna
Originally Etruscan, the city has been one of the most important urban centres for centuries, first under the Etruscans ("Felsina"), then under the Celts as "Bona", later under the Romans ("Bononia"), then again in the Middle Ages, as a free municipality and "signoria", when it was among the largest European cities by population. Famous for its towers, churches and lengthy porticoes, Bologna has a well-preserved historical centre, thanks to a careful restoration and conservation policy which began at the end of the 1970s. Home to the oldest university in the world, the University of Bologna, established in AD 1088, the city has a large student population that gives it a cosmopolitan character. In 2000 it was declared European capital of culture and in 2006, a UNESCO "City of Music" and became part of the Creative Cities Network.
Medesano
Medesano (Parmigiano: ) is a "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 100 km northwest of Bologna and about 15 km southwest of Parma. As of 31 May 2007, it had a population of 10,221 and an area of 88.8 km2 .

Question: How far is Medesano located from the capital of  the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy?
Answer: 100 km
Beyoncé
In December 2012, Beyoncé along with a variety of other celebrities teamed up and produced a video campaign for "Demand A Plan", a bipartisan effort by a group of 950 US mayors and others designed to influence the federal government into rethinking its gun control laws, following the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. Beyoncé became an ambassador for the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign donating her song "I Was Here" and its music video, shot in the UN, to the campaign. In 2013, it was announced that Beyoncé would work with Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini on a Gucci "Chime for Change" campaign that aims to spread female empowerment. The campaign, which aired on February 28, was set to her new music. A concert for the cause took place on June 1, 2013 in London and included other acts like Ellie Goulding, Florence and the Machine, and Rita Ora. In advance of the concert, she appeared in a campaign video released on May 15, 2013, where she, along with Cameron Diaz, John Legend and Kylie Minogue, described inspiration from their mothers, while a number of other artists celebrated personal inspiration from other women, leading to a call for submission of photos of women of viewers' inspiration from which a selection was shown at the concert. Beyoncé said about her mother Tina Knowles that her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being." With help of the crowdfunding platform Catapult, visitors of the concert could choose between several projects promoting education of women and girls. Beyoncé is also taking part in "Miss a Meal", a food-donation campaign, and supporting Goodwill charity through online charity auctions at Charitybuzz that support job creation throughout Europe and the U.S. In December 2016, Beyoncé was named the Most Charitable Celebrity of the year. She endorsed Beto O'Rourke during the 2018 United States Senate election in Texas.

Question: What song did Beyonce contribute to the campaign?
Answer: I Was Here
The Butcher's Ballroom
The Butcher's Ballroom is the debut studio album by Swedish avant-garde metal band Diablo Swing Orchestra, released in 2006. It features all four songs from their EP and disc debut "Borderline Hymns", along with 9 new songs, for a total of 13 tracks divided into two acts. It is the band's first release with singer AnnLouice Lögdlund.
Diablo Swing Orchestra
Diablo Swing Orchestra, also shortened DSO, is a Swedish avant-garde metal band formed in 2003. They have released four albums: "The Butcher's Ballroom" (2006), "Sing Along Songs for the Damned & Delirious" (2009), "Pandora's Piñata" (2012) and "Pacifisticuffs" (2017).
Diablo Swing Orchestra
Known for its blend of different genres, the band mixes numerous influences, most prominently from heavy metal, rock, swing, progressive, and classical, although various other influences are frequently mentioned by critics. The line-up features several instrumentists uncommon for rock or metal bands, such as a cellist, a trumpeter, and a trombonist, while their albums often prominently feature string and brass sections.

Question: What Swedish avant-garde metal band formed in 2003 with the debut studio album The Butcher's Ballroom?
Answer: Diablo Swing Orchestra
Sahara
The Saharan cheetah (northwest African cheetah) lives in Algeria, Togo, Niger, Mali, Benin, and Burkina Faso. There remain fewer than 250 mature cheetahs, which are very cautious, fleeing any human presence. The cheetah avoids the sun from April to October, seeking the shelter of shrubs such as balanites and acacias. They are unusually pale. The other cheetah subspecies (northeast African cheetah) lives in Chad, Sudan and the eastern region of Niger. However, it is currently extinct in the wild in Egypt and Libya. There are approximately 2000 mature individuals left in the wild.

Question: What months do the cheetah's avoid the sun?
Answer: April to October
History of science
Ancient Egypt made significant advances in astronomy, mathematics and medicine. Their development of geometry was a necessary outgrowth of surveying to preserve the layout and ownership of farmland, which was flooded annually by the Nile river. The 3-4-5 right triangle and other rules of geometry were used to build rectilinear structures, and the post and lintel architecture of Egypt. Egypt was also a center of alchemy research for much of the Mediterranean. The Edwin Smith papyrus is one of the first medical documents still extant, and perhaps the earliest document that attempts to describe and analyse the brain: it might be seen as the very beginnings of modern neuroscience. However, while Egyptian medicine had some effective practices, it was often ineffective and sometimes harmful. Medical historians believe that ancient Egyptian pharmacology, for example, was largely ineffective. Nevertheless, it applied the following components to the treatment of disease: examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, which display strong parallels to the basic empirical method of science and, according to G.E.R. Lloyd, played a significant role in the development of this methodology. The Ebers papyrus (c. 1550 BC) also contains evidence of traditional empiricism.

Question: What research was Egypt known for?
Answer: alchemy
The Gamers (film)
The Gamers is a 2002 film written and directed by Matt Vancil and produced by independent movie company Dead Gentlemen Productions. It is an affectionate spoof of role-playing games, and often shown at gaming conventions. A sequel entitled "" was set to be released in 2006, but was delayed due to problems finding a distributor; it was eventually released on DVD in August 2008 at conventions and online.
The Gamers: Dorkness Rising
The Gamers: Dorkness Rising is a feature-length film produced by Dead Gentlemen Productions, and focuses on a group of table-top gamers as their game-master attempts to shepherd them through a campaign that they've played through three times and have yet to actually finish. While the film is set in the same universe as and has a similar theme to its predecessor, "The Gamers", it is not a direct sequel to the first film, as it focuses on a different group of players. Also, unlike its predecessor, this film dedicates a substantial portion of the film to the players themselves, and not their characters. It began filming in 2005 and was set for release in 2006, and was finally released at Gen Con in Indianapolis by Anthem Pictures on August 14, 2008. Paizo had an exclusive sales window for the 2008 Gen Con convention where the cast and crew of "The Gamers: Dorkness Rising" were signing copies at the Paizo booth.

Question: The Gamers: Dorkness Rising is a sequel to the cult film produced by what independent movie company?
Answer: Dead Gentlemen Productions
Dan Aykroyd
Daniel Edward Aykroyd, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born July 1, 1952) is a Canadian actor, producer, comedian, musician, and filmmaker who was an original member of the "Not Ready for Prime Time Players" on "Saturday Night Live" (1975–1979). A musical sketch he performed with John Belushi on "SNL", the Blues Brothers, turned into an actual performing band and then the 1980 film "The Blues Brothers".
Millard Webb
Millard Webb (6 December 1893 – 21 April 1935), was an American screenwriter and director. He directed 20 films between 1920 and 1933. His best-known film is the 1926 silent John Barrymore adventure "The Sea Beast", a version of "Moby Dick", costarring Dolores Costello. Webb also directed the early sound Florenz Ziegfeld produced talkie "Glorifying the American Girl" released by Paramount in 1929. In 1927 he directed "Naughty But Nice", produced by John McCormick and First National Pictures. His active years were from 1916 to 1933.

Question: Who,  Dan Aykroyd or Millard Webb, was an original member of the "Not Ready for Prime Time Players" on "Saturday Night Live"?
Answer: Daniel Edward Aykroyd
Circadian rhythm
What drove circadian rhythms to evolve has been an enigmatic question. Previous hypotheses emphasized that photosensitive proteins and circadian rhythms may have originated together in the earliest cells, with the purpose of protecting replicating DNA from high levels of damaging ultraviolet radiation during the daytime. As a result, replication was relegated to the dark. However, evidence for this is lacking, since the simplest organisms with a circadian rhythm, the cyanobacteria, do the opposite of this - they divide more in the daytime. Recent studies instead highlight the importance of co-evolution of redox proteins with circadian oscillators in all three domains of life following the Great Oxidation Event approximately 2.3 billion years ago. The current view is that circadian changes in environmental oxygen levels and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of daylight are likely to have driven a need to evolve circadian rhythms to preempt, and therefore counteract, damaging redox reactions on a daily basis.

Question: What is theorized to have evolved with circadian rhythms?
Answer: photosensitive proteins
Pope Paul VI
During Vatican II, the Council Fathers avoided statements which might anger Christians of other faiths. Cardinal Augustin Bea, the President of the Christian Unity Secretariat, always had the full support of Paul VI in his attempts to ensure that the Council language was friendly and open to the sensitivities of Protestant and Orthodox Churches, whom he had invited to all sessions at the request of Pope John XXIII. Bea also was strongly involved in the passage of "Nostra aetate", which regulates the Church's relations with the Jewish faith and members of other religions.

Question: Which cardinal became heavily engaged in the passage of Nostra aetate?
Answer: Cardinal Augustin Bea
Ray Rice
Raymell Mourice Rice (born January 22, 1987) is a former American football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for six seasons with the Baltimore Ravens. He played college football at Rutgers and was drafted by the Ravens in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft. During his professional career, Rice was named to three Pro Bowls and was a member of the 2012 Ravens team that won the franchise's second Super Bowl title in Super Bowl XLVII. He is the Ravens' second all-time leading rusher and is also second in rushing attempts and touchdowns, and third in combined touchdowns.
Ray Rice
Rice became embroiled in controversy amid the 2014 NFL offseason when he was indicted for assaulting his then-fiancée, which gained notoriety after security camera footage of the incident was released to the internet. Following the indictment, Rice was released by the Ravens and suspended indefinitely by the NFL. Although Rice would be reinstated after he successfully appealed the league's decision, the controversy surrounding the incident effectively ended his professional career as no teams signed him during his time in free agency.
2006 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team
The 2006 Rutgers Scarlet Knights campaign was considered by many to be the breakout season for the Rutgers football team. Led by Draddy Trophy winning senior fullback Brian Leonard, sophomore quarterback Mike Teel, senior defensive captain and two time national defensive player of the week defensive tackle Ramel Meekins, sophomore halfback Ray Rice, sophomore wide receiver Tiquan Underwood, junior defensive tackle Eric Foster, and junior kicker Jeremy Ito, Rutgers finished the season ranked 12th in the Associated Press and Coaches polls, won eleven of thirteen games, and recorded the first bowl game win in school history.

Question: Who was the kicker for the college team of the player drafted by the Ravens in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft in 2006?
Answer: Jeremy Ito
Wanda Jackson
Wanda Lavonne Jackson (born October 20, 1937) is a retired American singer, songwriter, pianist and guitarist who had success in the mid-1950s and 1960s as one of the first popular female rockabilly singers, and a pioneering rock-and-roll artist. She is known to many as the "Queen of Rockabilly" or the "First Lady of Rockabilly".
Wanda Live! at Third Man Records
Wanda Live! At Third Man Records is a live album by American singer Wanda Jackson.

Question: When was the  American singer, songwriter born who's live album is Wanda Live! at Third Man Records?
Answer: October 20, 1937
Pierre Womé
Pierre Nlend Womé (born 26 March 1979) is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a defender. A journeyman, Womé was a versatile and skillful left wingback who played for 14 clubs in six countries.
Pierre Womé
After spending his youth career at Fogape Yaoundé and the relatively eminent regional side Canon Yaoundé, Womé moved to Italy from Cameroon in the summer of 1996 to start his professional career. He began his senior career at Vicenza Calcio and spent almost seven years playing in Italy until moving to English Premier League side Fulham FC in August 2002. He was sold to Bologna F.C. 1909 in a co-ownership deal for 6 billion lire in 1999, until Roma acquired him for 2 billion lire in the same summer that Francesco Antonioli, Amedeo Mangone and Alessandro Rinaldi joined Roma for 10 billion lire, 13 billion lire and 6 billion lire respectively. In June 2000 Bologna acquired Womé outright for a fee of 1 million lire. During his time in England at Fulham, Womé scored once in the league, in a 3–0 win over West Brom in February 2003.
Obafemi Martins
Obafemi Akinwunmi Martins (born 28 October 1984) is a Nigerian professional footballer who currently plays for Chinese Super League side Shanghai Shenhua as a forward. He is known for his speed on the ball. After leaving Nigeria for Italy at age 16, he has since played for a number of top-division clubs around Europe. He began his senior career in 2002 at Serie A club Inter Milan, before moving to Premier League club Newcastle United in 2006, and then to Bundesliga club VfL Wolfsburg in 2009. Having joined Russian Premier League side Rubin Kazan in July 2010, they loaned him to Birmingham City in January 2011.

Question: This footballer played in the top divisions in Italy, Spain, England and Germany and is known for what?
Answer: his speed on the ball
Samurai
The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching because it offered a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after coming to believe that their killings were fruitless. Some were killed as they came to terms with these conclusions in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord.

Question: What type of meditation did samurai do?
Answer: Zen
Sahara
The South Saharan steppe and woodlands ecoregion is a narrow band running east and west between the hyper-arid Sahara and the Sahel savannas to the south. Movements of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bring summer rains during July and August which average 100 to but vary greatly from year to year. These rains sustain summer pastures of grasses and herbs, with dry woodlands and shrublands along seasonal watercourses. This ecoregion covers 1101700 km2 in Algeria, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Sudan.

Question: Which directions does the South Saharan run?
Answer: east and west
Database
Another approach to hardware support for database management was ICL's CAFS accelerator, a hardware disk controller with programmable search capabilities. In the long term, these efforts were generally unsuccessful because specialized database machines could not keep pace with the rapid development and progress of general-purpose computers. Thus most database systems nowadays are software systems running on general-purpose hardware, using general-purpose computer data storage. However this idea is still pursued for certain applications by some companies like Netezza and Oracle (Exadata).

Question: Did the CAFS accelerator work as planned?
Answer: efforts were generally unsuccessful
George Washington University Hospital
The George Washington University Hospital is located in Washington, D.C. in the United States. It is affiliated with the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. The current facility opened on August 23, 2002, with 371 beds in a 400,000 sq ft (37,200 m²) building, housing more than $45 million of medical equipment and costing over $96 million to construct. The hospital is licensed by the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs and accredited by the U.S. Joint Commission.
St. Elizabeths Hospital
St. Elizabeths Hospital is a psychiatric hospital in Southeast, Washington, D.C. operated by the District of Columbia Department of Behavioral Health. It opened in 1855 as the first federally operated psychiatric hospital in the United States. Housing over 8,000 patients at its peak in the 1950s, the hospital had a fully functioning medical-surgical unit, a school of nursing, accredited internships and psychiatric residencies. Its campus was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1990. The west portion of the campus is home to over 1,000 U.S. Department of Homeland Security personnel and serves as its headquarters. St. Elizabeth’s Hospital campus also has the joint tenant of the Douglas A. Munro Coast Guard Headquarters Building with hundreds of Coast Guard personnel.

Question: Which facility is older, St. Elizabeths Hospital or George Washington University Hospital?
Answer: St. Elizabeths Hospital
Sully (film)
Sully (also known as Sully: Miracle on the Hudson) is a 2016 American biographical drama film directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Todd Komarnicki, based on the 2009 autobiography "" by Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Zaslow. Tom Hanks stars as Sullenberger, with Aaron Eckhart, Laura Linney, Anna Gunn, Autumn Reeser, Holt McCallany, Jamey Sheridan, and Jerry Ferrara in supporting roles. The film follows Sullenberger's January 2009 emergency landing of US Airways Flight 1549 on the Hudson River, in which all 155 passengers and crew survived, most minorly injured, and the subsequent publicity and investigation.
Chesley Sullenberger
Chesley Burnett "Sully" Sullenberger III (born January 23, 1951) is an American retired Air Force fighter pilot and airline captain. He is best known for his role as pilot in command in the 2009 ditching of US Airways Flight 1549 in the Hudson River off Manhattan after both engines were disabled by a bird strike; all 155 people aboard survived. Sullenberger is a speaker on aviation safety and has helped develop new protocols for airline safety. He served as the co-chairman, along with first officer Jeffrey Skiles (his co-pilot during Flight 1549), of the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA)'s Young Eagles youth introduction-to-aviation program from 2009 to 2013.
Chesley Sullenberger
Sullenberger retired from US Airways after 30 years as a commercial pilot on March 3, 2010. In May of the following year, he was hired by CBS News as an aviation and safety expert.

Question: Which actor played the American retired airline captain in the movie celebrating a water landing of a US Airways flight? 
Answer: Tom Hanks
Iranian languages
Conventionally, Iranian languages are grouped in "western" and "eastern" branches. These terms have little meaning with respect to Old Avestan as that stage of the language may predate the settling of the Iranian peoples into western and eastern groups. The geographic terms also have little meaning when applied to Younger Avestan since it isn't known where that dialect (or dialects) was spoken either. Certain is only that Avestan (all forms) and Old Persian are distinct, and since Old Persian is "western", and Avestan was not Old Persian, Avestan acquired a default assignment to "eastern". Confusing the issue is the introduction of a western Iranian substrate in later Avestan compositions and redactions undertaken at the centers of imperial power in western Iran (either in the south-west in Persia, or in the north-west in Nisa/Parthia and Ecbatana/Media).

Question: Which language is associated with the eastern branch of Iranian?
Answer: Avestan