qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Age of Enlightenment
Scientific academies and societies grew out of the Scientific Revolution as the creators of scientific knowledge in contrast to the scholasticism of the university. During the Enlightenment, some societies created or retained links to universities, but contemporary sources distinguished universities from scientific societies by claiming that the university's utility was in the transmission of knowledge while societies functioned to create knowledge. As the role of universities in institutionalized science began to diminish, learned societies became the cornerstone of organized science. Official scientific societies were chartered by the state in order to provide technical expertise. Most societies were granted permission to oversee their own publications, control the election of new members and the administration of the society. After 1700, a tremendous number of official academies and societies were founded in Europe and by 1789 there were over seventy official scientific societies. In reference to this growth, Bernard de Fontenelle coined the term "the Age of Academies" to describe the 18th century.

Question: Who coined the term "the Age of Academies" to describe the 18th century?
Answer: Bernard de Fontenelle
Short's Brewing Company
Short's Brewing Company is a brewpub and microbrewery in Bellaire, Michigan, United States. Registered in 2002, the company opened its pub in 2004. In 2008, a production facility in Elk Rapids, Michigan was purchased and renovated to accommodate larger scale batches. In July 2017, Short's announced it sold 19.9% of the company to Lagunitas Brewing Company, who is owned by Heineken International.
Lagunitas Brewing Company
The Lagunitas Brewing Company, founded in 1993 in Lagunitas, California, is a subsidiary of Heineken International. Before Heineken purchased a 50% share in the company in 2015, Lagunitas Brewing was considered a craft brewery, and in 2013 it was ranked as the fifth top selling craft brewery in the United States. Heineken purchased the remainder of the company in 2017.

Question: In July 2017, 19% of Shorts Brewing Company was sold to a brewery founded in what year ?
Answer: 1993
Brain
Most of the enlargement of the primate brain comes from a massive expansion of the cerebral cortex, especially the prefrontal cortex and the parts of the cortex involved in vision. The visual processing network of primates includes at least 30 distinguishable brain areas, with a complex web of interconnections. It has been estimated that visual processing areas occupy more than half of the total surface of the primate neocortex. The prefrontal cortex carries out functions that include planning, working memory, motivation, attention, and executive control. It takes up a much larger proportion of the brain for primates than for other species, and an especially large fraction of the human brain.

Question: The prefrontal cortex is the largest in what animals?
Answer: primates
Spider-Man 2
Spider-Man 2 is a 2004 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Alvin Sargent from a story by Alfred Gough, Miles Millar and Michael Chabon. Based on the fictional Marvel Comics character of the same name, it is the second installment in the "Spider-Man" trilogy and a sequel to 2002's "Spider-Man" film, starring Tobey Maguire alongside Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, Alfred Molina, Rosemary Harris, and Donna Murphy. Set two years after the events of "Spider-Man", the film finds Peter Parker struggling to manage both his personal life and his duties as Spider-Man, which affects his civilian life dramatically. Meanwhile, Dr. Otto Octavius becomes a diabolical villain after a failed experiment kills his wife and leaves him neurologically fused to mechanical tentacles. Spider-Man must stop him from successfully recreating the dangerous experiment, while dealing with a subconscious desire to stop being Spider-Man that is stripping him of his powers.
Paul N. J. Ottosson
Paul N. J. Ottosson (born 25 February 1966) is a Swedish sound designer. He won a total of three Academy Awards. Two for the film "The Hurt Locker", one for "Zero Dark Thirty", and was nominated for a fourth for "Spider-Man 2". He has worked on more than 100 films since 1995.

Question: Paul N. J. Ottosson was nominated for what regarding his work on the sequel to the 2002 film Spider-Man?
Answer: Academy Award
Pygmalion (play)
Pygmalion is a play by George Bernard Shaw, named after a Greek mythological figure. It was first presented on stage to the public in 1913.
Jacquetta May
Jacquetta May is a British writer, actress and theatre director. She co-founded the award-winning new-writing theatre company Plain Clothes Productions, commissioning, producing and directing for the company. She directed "Her Sister Tongue" at Lyric Theatre in Hammersmith, London, in 1997.
Jacquetta May
May worked as a theatre actress for 10 years, appearing at the National Theatre, The Royal Exchange and Liverpool Playhouse amongst others. Theatre roles include Eliza Doolittle in "Pygmalion", Adriana in "The Comedy of Errors", Olivia in "Twelfth Night", Lady Chatterley in "Lady Chatterley's Lover", Rita in "Educating Rita" and Beverley in "Abigail's Party".

Question: Eliza Doolittle was first presented on stage in what year?
Answer: 1913
La Cucaracha
La Cucaracha ("The Cockroach") is a traditional Spanish folk song. It is unknown when the song came about. It is very popular in Mexico, and was performed especially widely during the Mexican Revolution. Many alternative stanzas exist. The basic song describes a cockroach who cannot walk.
La Cucaracha
The song consists of verse-and-refrain (strophe-antistrophe) pairs, with each half of each pair consisting of four lines featuring an ABCB rhyme scheme.
Cockroaches in popular culture
Because of their long, persistent association with humans, cockroaches are frequently referred to in art, literature, folk tales and theater and film. In Western culture, cockroaches are often depicted as vile and dirty pests. Their size, long antennae, shiny appearance and spiny legs make them disgusting to many humans, sometimes even to the point of phobic responses. This is borne out in many depictions of cockroaches, from political versions of the song "La Cucaracha" where political opponents are compared to cockroaches, through the 1982 movie "Creepshow" and TV shows such as "The X-Files", to the Hutu extremists' reference to the Tutsi minority as cockroaches during the Rwandan genocide in 1994 and the controversial cartoons published in the "Iran weekly magazine" in 2006 which implied a comparison between Iranian Azeris and cockroaches . In Dutch Soccer the term "kakkerlakken" (Dutch for "cockroaches") is used as a colloquial, often derogatory term for the supporters of Feyenoord .

Question: Western culture depicts cockroaches as vile pests and was popularized by a traditional folk song from which country?
Answer: Mexico
Faroese independence movement
The Faroese independence movement or the Faroese national movement (Faroese: "Føroyska Tjóðskaparrørslan" or "Føroyska Sjálvstýrisrørslan") is a political movement which seeks the establishment of the Faroe Islands as a sovereign state outside Denmark. Reasons for complete autonomy include the linguistic and cultural divide between Denmark and the Faroe Islands as well as their lack of proximity to one another; the Faroe Islands are about 990 km (approximately 620 miles) from Danish shores.
Christmas Meeting of 1888
The Christmas Meeting of 1888 (Faroese: "Jólafundurin 1888") is considered to be the official start of the Faroese National Movement.

Question: What country does the political movement started at the Christmas Meeting of 1888 seek sovereignty from?
Answer: Denmark
CBC Television
Beginning in 2005, the CBC has contributed production funds for the BBC Wales revival of "Doctor Who", for which it received a special credit at the end of each episode. This arrangement continued until the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008. The CBC similarly contributed to the first season of the spin-off series, "Torchwood". More recently, the network has also begun picking up Canadian rights to some Australian series, including the drama series "Janet King" and "Love Child", and the comedy-drama series "Please Like Me".

Question: Which Doctor Who spinoff did CBC contribute to?
Answer: Torchwood
Semi-Tough
Semi-Tough is a 1977 American comedy film directed by Michael Ritchie and starring Burt Reynolds, Kris Kristofferson, Jill Clayburgh, Robert Preston, Lotte Lenya, and Bert Convy. It is set in the world of American professional football.
Lotte Lenya
Lotte Lenya (born Karoline Wilhelmine Charlotte Blamauer; 18 October 1898 – 27 November 1981) was an Austrian-American chanteuse, diseuse, and actress, long based in the United States. In the German-speaking and classical music world, she is best remembered for her performances of the songs of her first husband, Kurt Weill. In English-language cinema, she was nominated for an Academy Award for her role as a jaded aristocrat in "The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone" (1961). She also played the murderous and sadistic Rosa Klebb in the James Bond movie "From Russia with Love" (1963).

Question: What Academy Award nominated actress  starred in a movie along side Burt Reynolds?
Answer: Lotte Lenya
Serj Tankian
Serj Tankian ( , ] ; born August 21, 1967) is an Armenian-American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, poet, and political activist. He is best known as the lead vocalist, primary lyricist, keyboardist, and occasional rhythm guitarist of the heavy metal band System of a Down, which was formed in 1994.
John Reis
John Reis (born 1969) and also known by the pseudonyms Speedo, Slasher, and The Swami is an American musician, singer, guitarist, record label owner, and disc jockey. He is best known as the singer and guitarist for the rock band Rocket from the Crypt, which he formed and fronted (as Speedo) for the entirety of its career from 1990 to 2005. Prior to this he was the guitarist in the post-hardcore band Pitchfork, and also played in Drive Like Jehu during the early 1990s. In 1999 he formed the Hot Snakes, and in 2000 also formed the Sultans, in which (as Slasher) he sang and originally played bass before switching to rhythm guitar. He played in both these bands until their breakups in 2005 and 2007 respectively. He also released a solo recording under the name Back Off Cupids, which was recorded in 1994 but not released until 1999. Over the years he has performed in many other musical acts including Conservative Itch, Stacatto Reads, Custom Floor, and Beehive & the Barracudas. He is the owner of Swami Records, a label he founded in 1999 (he uses the title The Swami in this capacity). He frequently works with bands in a studio capacity and releases albums by many southern California groups through his label. He also hosts the "Swami Sound System" program (previously on San Diego radio station 94.9 (KBZT), and now available on Slacker Radio). Reis remains an influential figure in the San Diego underground music community and is currently performing with a new band named The Night Marchers.

Question: Who has more scope of profession, Serj Tankian or John Reis?
Answer: Serj Tankian
Middle Ages
Although the Palaeologi emperors recaptured Constantinople from the Western Europeans in 1261, they were never able to regain control of much of the former imperial lands. They usually controlled only a small section of the Balkan Peninsula near Constantinople, the city itself, and some coastal lands on the Black Sea and around the Aegean Sea. The former Byzantine lands in the Balkans were divided between the new Kingdom of Serbia, the Second Bulgarian Empire and the city-state of Venice. The power of the Byzantine emperors was threatened by a new Turkish tribe, the Ottomans, who established themselves in Anatolia in the 13th century and steadily expanded throughout the 14th century. The Ottomans expanded into Europe, reducing Bulgaria to a vassal state by 1366 and taking over Serbia after its defeat at the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. Western Europeans rallied to the plight of the Christians in the Balkans and declared a new crusade in 1396; a great army was sent to the Balkans, where it was defeated at the Battle of Nicopolis. Constantinople was finally captured by the Ottomans in 1453.

Question: Who was defeated at the Battle of Kosovo?
Answer: Serbia
Election Law Journal
Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy is a quarterly peer-reviewed law journal published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. covering legal issues related to elections and voting rights. It was established in 2002 with Daniel H. Lowenstein (UCLA School of Law) and Richard L. Hasen (Loyola Law School) as founding editors-in-chief. s of 2010 , the editors are Daniel P. Tokaji (Moritz College of Law) and Paul Gronke (Reed College). The journal is abstracted and indexed in Westlaw and International Political Science Abstracts/Documentation Politique Internationale.
Reed College
Reed College is a private liberal arts college in Portland, Oregon. Founded in 1908, Reed is a residential college with a campus in the Eastmoreland neighborhood, with Tudor-Gothic style architecture, and a forested canyon nature preserve at its center.

Question: In what city was the Election Law Journal founded?
Answer: Portland
Cork (city)
Many of the city's buildings are in the Georgian style, although there are a number of examples of modern landmark structures, such as County Hall tower, which was, at one time the tallest building in Ireland until being superseded by another Cork City building: The Elysian. Outside the County Hall is the landmark sculpture of two men, known locally as 'Cha and Miah'. Across the river from County Hall is Ireland's longest building; built in Victorian times, Our Lady's Psychiatric Hospital has now been partially renovated and converted into a residential housing complex called Atkins Hall, after its architect William Atkins.

Question: What style does most of the city's architecture belong to?
Answer: Georgian
Kid Chaos
Kid Chaos also known as Haggis (born Stephen Harris) is a British rock bassist and guitarist who played in incarnations of hard rock bands Zodiac Mindwarp and the Love Reaction, The Cult and The Four Horsemen as well as guesting with "Appetite for Destruction" era Guns N' Roses.
Appetite for Destruction
Appetite for Destruction is the debut studio album by American hard rock band Guns N' Roses. It was released on July 21, 1987, by Geffen Records.
Appetite for Destruction
The album was released to little mainstream attention in 1987. It was not until the following year that it became a massive commercial success, after the band had toured and received airplay with the singles "Welcome to the Jungle", "Paradise City" and "Sweet Child o' Mine". It topped the "Billboard" 200 and became the best-selling debut album of all time, as well as the eleventh best-selling album of all time in the United States. With over 30 million copies sold worldwide, it is also one of the best-selling records of all time.

Question: Which album, released in 1987, had a guest musician known as Haggis?
Answer: Appetite for Destruction
Oklahoma City
The major U.S. broadcast television networks have affiliates in the Oklahoma City market (ranked 41st for television by Nielsen and 48th for radio by Arbitron, covering a 34-county area serving the central, north-central and west-central sections of Oklahoma); including NBC affiliate KFOR-TV (channel 4), ABC affiliate KOCO-TV (channel 5), CBS affiliate KWTV-DT (channel 9, the flagship of locally based Griffin Communications), PBS station KETA-TV (channel 13, the flagship of the state-run OETA member network), Fox affiliate KOKH-TV (channel 25), CW affiliate KOCB (channel 34), independent station KAUT-TV (channel 43), MyNetworkTV affiliate KSBI-TV (channel 52), and Ion Television owned-and-operated station KOPX-TV (channel 62). The market is also home to several religious stations including TBN owned-and-operated station KTBO-TV (channel 14) and Norman-based Daystar owned-and-operated station KOCM (channel 46).

Question: How many counties does Oklahoma Cities Networks cover?
Answer: 34
Cork (city)
Temperatures below 0 °C or above 25 °C are rare. Cork Airport records an average of 1227.9 mm of precipitation annually, most of which is rain. The airport records an average of 7 days of hail and 11 days of snow or sleet a year; though it only records lying snow for 2 days of the year. The low altitude of the city, and moderating influences of the harbour, mean that lying snow very rarely occurs in the city itself. There are on average 204 "rainy" days a year (over 0.2 mm of rainfall), of which there are 73 days with "heavy rain" (over 5 mm ). Cork is also a generally foggy city, with an average of 97 days of fog a year, most common during mornings and during winter. Despite this, however, Cork is also one of Ireland's sunniest cities, with an average of 3.9 hours of sunshine every day and only having 67 days where there is no "recordable sunshine", mostly during and around winter.

Question: How long does snow hang around in Cork?
Answer: 2 days
Bacteria
Unlike in multicellular organisms, increases in cell size (cell growth) and reproduction by cell division are tightly linked in unicellular organisms. Bacteria grow to a fixed size and then reproduce through binary fission, a form of asexual reproduction. Under optimal conditions, bacteria can grow and divide extremely rapidly, and bacterial populations can double as quickly as every 9.8 minutes. In cell division, two identical clone daughter cells are produced. Some bacteria, while still reproducing asexually, form more complex reproductive structures that help disperse the newly formed daughter cells. Examples include fruiting body formation by "Myxobacteria" and aerial hyphae formation by "Streptomyces", or budding. Budding involves a cell forming a protrusion that breaks away and produces a daughter cell.

Question: How size and reproduction are linked in bacteria?
Answer: Bacteria grow to a fixed size and then reproduce
Pasadena, California
Pasadena ( ) is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, 11 mi northeast of Downtown Los Angeles. It is the most populous city and the primary cultural center of the San Gabriel Valley. With its substantial downtown area, observers consider it as either a suburb of nearby Los Angeles, or as a significant urban center in its own right.
KMRB
KMRB (1430 AM) is a radio station in Pasadena, California, United States (licensed to and transmitted from San Gabriel, California) that broadcasts completely in Cantonese 24 hours a day. It is the sister station to KAZN, which broadcasts in Mandarin. It is owned and operated by Multicultural Radio Broadcasting, Inc..

Question: What city in California does KMRB and KAZN broadcast from?
Answer: Pasadena
Nessun dorma
" " (] ; English: "Let no one sleep") is an aria from the final act of Giacomo Puccini's opera "Turandot" and one of the best-known tenor arias in all opera. It is sung by Calaf, (the unknown prince), who falls in love at first sight with the beautiful but cold Princess Turandot. Any man who wishes to wed Turandot must first answer her three riddles; if he fails, he will be beheaded. In the aria, Calaf expresses his triumphant assurance that he will win the princess.
Vincerò (disambiguation)
Vincerò (] ; "I will be victorious") is the concluding cry of the aria "Nessun dorma" from Puccini's opera "Turandot".

Question: Vincerò (] ; "I will be victorious") is the concluding cry of which aria from the final act of Giacomo Puccini's opera "Turandot" and one of the best-known tenor arias in all opera?
Answer: Nessun dorma
John von Neumann
Von Neumann entered government service primarily because he felt that, if freedom and civilization were to survive, it would have to be because the United States would triumph over totalitarianism from Nazism, Fascism and Soviet Communism. During a Senate committee hearing he described his political ideology as "violently anti-communist, and much more militaristic than the norm". He was quoted in 1950 remarking, "If you say why not bomb [the Soviets] tomorrow, I say, why not today? If you say today at five o'clock, I say why not one o'clock?"

Question: How did von Neumaan describe his political ideology?
Answer: violently anti-communist, and much more militaristic than the norm
Valencia
In the coldest month, January, the maximum daily temperature typically ranges from , the minimum temperature typically at night ranges from . During the warmest months – July and August, the maximum temperature during the day typically ranges from , about at night. March is transitional, the temperature often exceeds , with an average temperature of during the day and at night. December, January and February are the coldest months, with average temperatures around during the day and at night. Snowfall is extremely rare; the most recent occasion snow accumulated on the ground was on 11 January 1960. Valencia has one of the mildest winters in Europe, owing to its southern location on the Mediterranean Sea and the Foehn phenomenon. The January average is comparable to temperatures expected for May and September in the major cities of northern Europe.

Question: In northern Europe, which months have temperatures similar to Valencia's in January?
Answer: May and September
Superstore (TV series)
Superstore is an American single-camera sitcom television series that premiered on NBC on November 30, 2015. The series was created by Justin Spitzer, who served as an executive producer for four seasons. Starring America Ferrera (who also serves as an executive producer) and Ben Feldman (who also serves as a producer), "Superstore" follows a group of employees working at "Cloud 9", store number 1217, a fictional big-box store in St. Louis, Missouri. The ensemble and supporting cast includes Lauren Ash, Colton Dunn, Nico Santos, Nichole Bloom, Mark McKinney, and Kaliko Kauahi. In March 2019, NBC renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on September 26, 2019. In February 2020, the series was renewed for a sixth season.
Johnny Pemberton
John DeJarnette Pemberton III (born June 1, 1981) is an American actor and comedian from Rochester, Minnesota. He is best known for his role as the titular "Son of Zorn" in the short-lived Fox sitcom, and has also appeared as the recurring character Bo Thompson in the NBC sitcom "Superstore".

Question: Johnny Pemberton plays the character Bo Thompson on a NBC sitcom created by who?
Answer: Justin Spitzer
Night Huntress
Night Huntress is a series of "New York Times" bestselling urban fantasy romance novels by author Jeaniene Frost. The first novel was published in 2007 by Avon and takes place in a world where supernatural creatures exist but are not known to the general public at large. The series initially focused around the character of half-vampire Catherine "Cat" Crawfield and her full-vampire lover Bones, but eventually shifted focus to other characters such as Vlad Tepesh, a character that Frost had initially not planned to include.
Jeaniene Frost
Jeaniene Frost (born 1974) is an American fantasy author, known for her work on the "New York Times" and "USA Today" bestselling "Night Huntress" series and the "Night Huntress World" novels. Foreign rights for her novels have sold to nineteen different countries.

Question: which American fantasy author wrote Night Huntress
Answer: Jeaniene Frost
Highway Don't Care
"Highway Don't Care" is a song performed by American country music singer Tim McGraw and singer-songwriter Taylor Swift on vocals, featuring Keith Urban on guitar. It was released in March 2013 as the third single from McGraw's first album for Big Machine Records, "Two Lanes of Freedom" (2013). The song was written by Mark Irwin, Josh Kear and Brad and Brett Warren. McGraw and Swift recorded their parts separately.
Two Lanes of Freedom
Two Lanes of Freedom is the twelfth studio album by American country music singer Tim McGraw. It was released February 5, 2013, as his first album for Big Machine Records following a 20-year tenure with Curb Records. He co-produced the album with Byron Gallimore, producer of his previously released albums. The album includes the singles "Truck Yeah", "One of Those Nights", "Highway Don't Care" with Taylor Swift, and "Southern Girl".

Question: Which of the singles in Tim McGraw's Two Lanes of Freedom album features Taylor Swift on vocals and Keith Urban on guitar?
Answer: Highway Don't Care
Carlo's Bake Shop
Carlo's Bake Shop, commonly known as Carlo's Bakery and also known as Carlo's City Hall Bake Shop, is a bakery in Hoboken, New Jersey, owned by Buddy Valastro. The bakery has gained public attention as the setting of the TLC television series, "Cake Boss".
Next Great Baker (season 1)
The first season of "Next Great Baker" was televised from December 6, 2010 to January 24, 2011 on TLC. During this season, the last contestant standing would win $50,000 cash, a Chevrolet Cruze and an apprenticeship at Buddy's bakery, Carlo's Bake Shop in Hoboken, New Jersey.

Question: Next Great Baker was a show that led to an apprenticeship at the bakery known for what other TLC series?
Answer: Cake Boss
In Your House 16: Canadian Stampede
In Your House 16: Canadian Stampede was the sixteenth In Your House professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), which took place on July 6, 1997, at the Canadian Airlines Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The card of the event consisted of four matches.
Scotiabank Saddledome
Scotiabank Saddledome is a multi-use indoor arena in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Located in Stampede Park in the southeast end of downtown Calgary, the Saddledome was built in 1983 to replace the Stampede Corral as the home of the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League, and to host ice hockey and figure skating at the 1988 Winter Olympics.

Question: In Your House 16: Canadian Stampede was housed in a building built for which Olympics?
Answer: the 1988 Winter Olympics
Estonia
Although the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and German. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low German) during the period of , and High German (including standard German). The percentage of Low Saxon and High German loanwords can be estimated at 22–25 percent, with Low Saxon making up about 15 percent.

Question: What language does Estonian share similar words with?
Answer: Germanic
Multnomah Falls
Multnomah Falls is a waterfall located on Multnomah Creek in the Columbia River Gorge, east of Troutdale, between Corbett and Dodson, Oregon, United States. The waterfall is accessible from the Historic Columbia River Highway and Interstate 84. Spanning two tiers on basalt cliffs, it is the tallest waterfall in the state of Oregon at 620 ft in height. 
Salt Creek Falls
Salt Creek Falls is a cascade and plunge waterfall on Salt Creek, a tributary of the Middle Fork Willamette River, that plunges into a gaping canyon near Willamette Pass in the Willamette National Forest, near Oakridge, Oregon. The waterfall is notable for its main drop of 286 ft which makes it the third highest plunge waterfall in Oregon after Multnomah Falls and Watson Falls the second highest, which was re-measured in 2009 and found to be 293 feet rather than an earlier measurement of 272 feet passing Salt Creek Falls. The pool at the bottom of the waterfall is 20 m deep.

Question: What area does Salt Creek Falls and Multnomah Falls have in common?
Answer: River
On the Origin of Species
Richard Owen showed that fossils of extinct species Darwin found in South America were allied to living species on the same continent. In March 1837, ornithologist John Gould announced that Darwin's rhea was a separate species from the previously described rhea (though their territories overlapped), that mockingbirds collected on the Galápagos Islands represented three separate species each unique to a particular island, and that several distinct birds from those islands were all classified as finches. Darwin began speculating, in a series of notebooks, on the possibility that "one species does change into another" to explain these findings, and around July sketched a genealogical branching of a single evolutionary tree, discarding Lamarck's independent lineages progressing to higher forms. Unconventionally, Darwin asked questions of fancy pigeon and animal breeders as well as established scientists. At the zoo he had his first sight of an ape, and was profoundly impressed by how human the orangutan seemed.

Question: How many species of mockingbirds were found to be present on the Galapagos Islands?
Answer: three separate species
Swarathma
Swarathma (Kannada: ) is a Bangalore (India)-based Indian Folk/fusion band. The current line-up features Vasu Dixit (vocals and rhythm guitar), Pavan Kumar KJ (percussion and vocals), Varun Murali (guitar and vocals), Sanjeev Nayak (violin and vocals), Jishnu Dasgupta (bass guitar and vocals) and Joel Milan Baptist (drums). The band's sound draws from Indian Folk and Classical Music, blending it with Western sounds like Blues Rock and Reggae. Their lyrics are inspired by personal journeys as well as social and political themes.
The Dewarists
The Dewarists is a musical television series on MTV India. The series is part music documentary and part travelogue. The show casts musicians from various parts of the world, collaborating to create original music while travelling across India. The first season featured total ten episodes. It featured musicians Imogen Heap, Vishal-Shekhar, Zeb and Haniya, Shantanu Moitra, Swanand Kirkire, Indian Ocean, Mohit Chauhan, Parikrama, Agnee, Shilpa Rao, Shri, Monica Dogra, Rajasthan Roots, Papon, Rabbi Shergill, Shubha Mudgal, Swarathma, MIDIval Punditz, Humble the Poet, Karsh Kale, Baiju Dharmajan, Njeralathu Harigovindan, Raghu Dixit and Rewben Mashangva.

Question: The Dewarists has featured the folk/fusion band who has which member on vocals and rhythm?
Answer: Vasu Dixit
Daniel Johns
Daniel Paul Johns (born 22 April 1979) is an Australian musician, singer, and songwriter. Best known as the former front man and lyricist of the rock band Silverchair, Johns is also one half of The Dissociatives with Paul Mac and, in 2007, was ranked at number 18 on "Rolling Stone"' s list of The 25 Most Underrated Guitarists.
Mind Reader (song)
"Mind Reader" is a song by Australian alternative rock band, Silverchair, from their fifth studio album, "Young Modern". The song was sent to Australian radio stations in January 2008 and released as the fourth and final single from the album. The song was co-written by the group's lead singer-guitarist, Daniel Johns, with Julian Hamilton of The Presets, who is responsible for the "don't know what you want" chorus. The single was released on 23 February 2008, as a digital download. It was the last Silverchair single – the group have been on an "indefinite hiatus" from May 2011.

Question: What band released and album called "Young Modern" and who's lead singer guitarist ranked 18 on Rolling Stone's list of 25 most underrated guitarist?
Answer: Silverchair
Cedric Kushner
Cedric Kushner (July 18, 1948 – January 29, 2015) was a South African-born American boxing promoter and manager. In the late 1990s he was one of the most significant promoters in the sport. Boxers he promoted and/or managed included Hasim Rahman, Shannon Briggs, Oleg Maskaev, Chris Byrd, Corrie Sanders, Ike Ibeabuchi and David Tua.
Corrie Sanders
Cornelius Johannes "Corrie" Sanders (7 January 1966 – 23 September 2012) was a South African professional boxer who competed from 1989 to 2008. He won the WBO heavyweight title in 2003 after knocking out Wladimir Klitschko in two rounds, which was considered one of the biggest upsets in heavyweight boxing history; "The Ring" magazine named it the Upset of the Year. In 2004, having vacated the WBO title, Sanders faced Wladimir's brother Vitali Klitschko in an unsuccessful but valiant challenge for the vacant WBC and "Ring" heavyweight titles. He also held the WBU heavyweight title from 1997 until 2000. Sanders' other notable achievements include holding the South Africa national heavyweight title in 1991, defeating former cruiserweight champions Carlos de León and Bobby Czyz by first round and second-round knockout respectively, and losing in a close slugfest fight with future unified and two-time world heavyweight champion Hasim Rahman (Rahman and Sanders both knocked each other down during the bout, and Sanders was ahead on the judges' scorecards prior to the stoppage).

Question: what was the nationality of a boxer who was managed by Cedric Kushner and born in 7 January 1966?
Answer: South African
Jean-Luc Godard
Jean-Luc Godard ( , ; ] ; born 3 December 1930) is a French-Swiss film director, screenwriter and film critic. He rose to prominence as a pioneer of the 1960s French New Wave film movement, and is arguably the most influential French filmmaker of the post-war era. According to AllMovie, his work "revolutionized the motion picture form" through its experimentation with narrative, continuity, sound, and camerawork. He is often considered the most radical French filmmaker of the 1960s and 1970s. 
Jean-Luc Godard
During his early career as a film critic for the influential magazine "Cahiers du Cinéma", Godard criticized mainstream French cinema's "Tradition of Quality", which emphasized established convention over innovation and experimentation. In response, he and like-minded critics began to make their own films, challenging the conventions of traditional Hollywood in addition to French cinema. Godard first received global acclaim for his 1960 feature "Breathless", helping to establish the New Wave movement. His work makes use of frequent homages and references to film history, and often expressed his political views; he was an avid reader of existential and Marxist philosophy. Since the New Wave, his politics have been much less radical and his recent films are about representation and human conflict from a humanist, and a Marxist perspective. 
Tom Buckingham
Tom Buckingham (February 25, 1895 – September 7, 1934) was an American film director and screenwriter. He directed 48 films between 1920 and 1932. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and died from surgical complications. His film "Cock of the Air" was restored by the Academy Film Archive in 2016.

Question: Tom Buckingham and Jean-Luc Godard, have which mutual occupations?
Answer: film director and screenwriter
Vintage Ultralight SR-1 Hornet
The Vintage Ultralight SR-1 Hornet is an American homebuilt aircraft produced by the Vintage Ultralight and Lightplane Association of Marietta, Georgia, introduced in the early 1980s. The aircraft is supplied in the form of plans for amateur construction.
Marietta, Georgia
Marietta is located in central Cobb County, Georgia, United States, and is the county's seat and largest city.

Question: The Vintage Ultralight SR-1 Hornet is produced by the Vintage Ultralight and Lightplane Association located in what county?
Answer: Cobb County
Chris Thompson (runner)
Christopher "Chris" Thompson (born 17 April 1981) is a British long-distance runner, who won the silver medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2010 European Athletics Championships in Barcelona, on 27 July 2010 behind his compatriot Mo Farah. Prior to his 2010 medal win he had won the European U23 5000 m Championship in 2003. However he was initially unable to build on this victory, as he had substantial injury problems for a number of years. He is currently coached by bronze Olympic medallist, Mark Rowland.
Mo Farah
Sir Mohamed Muktar Jama Farah, (born 23 March 1983), commonly known as Mo Farah, is a British distance runner. The most successful British track athlete in modern Olympic Games history, he is the 2012 and 2016 Olympic gold medalist in both the 5000 m and 10,000 m. Farah is the second athlete in modern Olympic Games history, after Lasse Virén, to win both the 5000 m and 10,000 m titles at successive Olympic Games. He also completed the 'distance double' at the 2013 and 2015 World Championships in Athletics. He was the second man in history, after Kenenisa Bekele, to win long-distance doubles at successive Olympics and World Championships, and the first in history to defend both distance titles in both major global competitions – a feat described as the 'quadruple-double'. Since finishing 2nd in the 10,000 metres at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, Farah had an unbroken streak of ten global final wins (the 5000m in 2011, the 10,000m in 2017 and the double in 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2016). The streak ended in Farah's final championship track race, when he finished second to Ethiopia's Muktar Edris in the 2017 5000 metres final. In his final track race, the 2017 Diamond League Final in Zurich in August 2017, Farah gained his revenge, edging out world champion Edris to win his only IAAF Diamond League title at 5000 metres.
Mo Farah
On the track, he mostly competed over 5000 metres and 10,000 metres, but has run competitively from 1500 metres to the marathon. In 2017, he indicated his intention to switch wholly to road racing following victory at his final track race, the 2017 IAAF Diamond League 5000 metres final. His running style has been described as "bouncy" and tactical, which he has attempted to alter for a more efficient and energy-saving stride pattern, especially in the longer distances. Farah runs distance races tactically, a style which is aided by his quick sprint finish.

Question: When did the person who finished ahead of Chris Thompson in the 10,000 metres at the 2010 European Athletics Championships announce his intention to switch wholly to road racing?
Answer: 2017
Willard Beach
Willard Beach is a beach and neighborhood in South Portland, Maine. The beach, which covers 4 acres, used for swimming as well as commercial and recreational boating. Southern Maine Community College abuts the beach. Willard Beach is known for its views of Spring Point Ledge Light as well as island forts including Fort Gorges.
Fort Gorges
Fort Gorges is a former United States military fort built on Hog Island Ledge in Casco Bay, Maine. Built from 1858 to 1864, no battles were fought there and no troops were stationed there. Advancing military technology, including iron clad ships and long range guns, made the fort obsolete before it could be used. The fort is now a park, accessible only by boat. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Question: Why was the fort viewable from Willard Beach never used? 
Answer: Advancing military technology, including iron clad ships and long range guns, made the fort obsolete before it could be used.
Scream (1996 film)
Scream is a 1996 American comedy slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson. The film stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Matthew Lillard, Rose McGowan, Skeet Ulrich, and Drew Barrymore. Released on December 20, 1996, it follows the character of Sidney Prescott (Campbell), a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro, California, who becomes the target of a mysterious killer in a Halloween costume known as Ghostface. The film combines black comedy and "whodunit" mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror movie genre popularized in films such as "Halloween" (1978), "Friday the 13th" (1980) and Craven's own "A Nightmare on Elm Street" (1984). "Scream" was considered unique at the time of its release for featuring characters who were aware of real-world horror films and openly discussed the clichés that the film attempted to subvert.
Gale Weathers
Gale Riley (née Weathers) is a fictional character of the "Scream" series. The character was created by Kevin Williamson and is portrayed by Courteney Cox. She first appeared in "Scream" (1996), followed by four sequels: "Scream 2" (1997), "Scream 3" (2000), "Scream 4" (2011) and Scream 5 (2021). The character appears in the "Scream" films as an ambitious, strong-willed journalist and writer who is initially built up as an antagonist, but ultimately joins forces with Sidney Prescott and Dewey Riley in order to investigate and stop the Ghostface murders.

Question: Who portrayed the character that teams up with Gale Weathers in the "Scream" series?
Answer: Neve Campbell
John, King of England
During the remainder of his reign, John focused on trying to retake Normandy. The available evidence suggests that he did not regard the loss of the Duchy as a permanent shift in Capetian power. Strategically, John faced several challenges: England itself had to be secured against possible French invasion, the sea-routes to Bordeaux needed to be secured following the loss of the land route to Aquitaine, and his remaining possessions in Aquitaine needed to be secured following the death of his mother, Eleanor, in April 1204. John's preferred plan was to use Poitou as a base of operations, advance up the Loire Valley to threaten Paris, pin down the French forces and break Philip's internal lines of communication before landing a maritime force in the Duchy itself. Ideally, this plan would benefit from the opening of a second front on Philip's eastern frontiers with Flanders and Boulogne – effectively a re-creation of Richard's old strategy of applying pressure from Germany. All of this would require a great deal of money and soldiers.

Question: What was John's preferred plan?
Answer: use Poitou as a base of operations
Somalis
An estimated 20,000 Somalis emigrated to the U.S. state of Minnesota some ten years ago and the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and Saint Paul) now have the highest population of Somalis in North America. The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including leather shoes, jewelry and other fashion items, halal meat, and hawala or money transfer services. Community-based video rental stores likewise carry the latest Somali films and music. The number of Somalis has especially surged in the Cedar-Riverside area of Minneapolis.

Question: What sort of meat is sold in Somali businesses in Minneapolis?
Answer: halal
Queen Victoria
In March 1861, Victoria's mother died, with Victoria at her side. Through reading her mother's papers, Victoria discovered that her mother had loved her deeply; she was heart-broken, and blamed Conroy and Lehzen for "wickedly" estranging her from her mother. To relieve his wife during her intense and deep grief, Albert took on most of her duties, despite being ill himself with chronic stomach trouble. In August, Victoria and Albert visited their son, Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who was attending army manoeuvres near Dublin, and spent a few days holidaying in Killarney. In November, Albert was made aware of gossip that his son had slept with an actress in Ireland. Appalled, he travelled to Cambridge, where his son was studying, to confront him. By the beginning of December, Albert was very unwell. He was diagnosed with typhoid fever by William Jenner, and died on 14 December 1861. Victoria was devastated. She blamed her husband's death on worry over the Prince of Wales's philandering. He had been "killed by that dreadful business", she said. She entered a state of mourning and wore black for the remainder of her life. She avoided public appearances and rarely set foot in London in the following years. Her seclusion earned her the nickname "widow of Windsor". Her weight increased through comfort eating, which further reinforced her aversion to public appearances.

Question: How did Victoria realize that her mother deeply loved her?
Answer: Through reading her mother's papers
Ashkenazi Jews
Culturally, an Ashkenazi Jew can be identified by the concept of "Yiddishkeit", which means "Jewishness" in the Yiddish language. "Yiddishkeit" is specifically the Jewishness of Ashkenazi Jews. Before the Haskalah and the emancipation of Jews in Europe, this meant the study of Torah and Talmud for men, and a family and communal life governed by the observance of Jewish Law for men and women. From the Rhineland to Riga to Romania, most Jews prayed in liturgical Ashkenazi Hebrew, and spoke Yiddish in their secular lives. But with modernization, "Yiddishkeit" now encompasses not just Orthodoxy and Hasidism, but a broad range of movements, ideologies, practices, and traditions in which Ashkenazi Jews have participated and somehow retained a sense of Jewishness. Although a far smaller number of Jews still speak Yiddish, "Yiddishkeit" can be identified in manners of speech, in styles of humor, in patterns of association. Broadly speaking, a Jew is one who associates culturally with Jews, supports Jewish institutions, reads Jewish books and periodicals, attends Jewish movies and theater, travels to Israel, visits historical synagogues, and so forth. It is a definition that applies to Jewish culture in general, and to Ashkenazi Yiddishkeit in particular.

Question: Is there a larger or smaller number of Jews that speak Yiddish today than in the past?
Answer: a far smaller number of Jews still speak Yiddish
Desmond Green
Desmond Green (born October 11, 1989) is an American mixed martial artist who competed in the lightweight division for Ultimate Fighting Championship.
Buffalo Bulls wrestling
The Buffalo Bulls wrestling team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of the University at Buffalo in Amherst, New York, United States. The team is a member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC), which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The team plays their home matches at Alumni Arena in Amherst, New York. The Bulls are coached by John Stutzman. Former Bull Wrestler Desmond Green was a MAC Champion and 3-time Division 1 NCAA Qualifier and is currently a Mixed Martial Artist fighting for Bellator.

Question: Who was a MAC Champion and 3-time Division 1 NCAA Qualifier and is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the featherweight division for Ultimate Fighting Championship?
Answer: Desmond Green
George VI
In September 1939, the United Kingdom and the self-governing Dominions other than Ireland declared war on Nazi Germany. George VI and his wife resolved to stay in London, despite German bombing raids. They officially stayed in Buckingham Palace throughout the war, although they usually spent nights at Windsor Castle. The first night of the Blitz on London, on 7 September 1940, killed about one thousand civilians, mostly in the East End. On 13 September, the King and Queen narrowly avoided death when two German bombs exploded in a courtyard at Buckingham Palace while they were there. In defiance, the Queen declared: "I am glad we have been bombed. It makes me feel we can look the East End in the face." The royal family were portrayed as sharing the same dangers and deprivations as the rest of the country. They were subject to British rationing restrictions, and U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt remarked on the rationed food served and the limited bathwater that was permitted during a stay at the unheated and boarded-up Palace. In August 1942, the King's brother, the Duke of Kent, was killed on active service.

Question: What year did the King's brother die in service?
Answer: 1942
Political philosophy
The rise of Islam, based on both the Qur'an and Muhammad strongly altered the power balances and perceptions of origin of power in the Mediterranean region. Early Islamic philosophy emphasized an inexorable link between science and religion, and the process of ijtihad to find truth—in effect "all" philosophy was "political" as it had real implications for governance. This view was challenged by the "rationalist" Mutazilite philosophers, who held a more Hellenic view, reason above revelation, and as such are known to modern scholars as the first speculative theologians of Islam; they were supported by a secular aristocracy who sought freedom of action independent of the Caliphate. By the late ancient period, however, the "traditionalist" Asharite view of Islam had in general triumphed. According to the Asharites, reason must be subordinate to the Quran and the Sunna.

Question: Who challenged the early Islamic philosophy's views?
Answer: the "rationalist" Mutazilite philosophers