qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Mary Kay Place
Mary Kay Place (born September 23, 1947) is an American actress, singer, director, and screenwriter. She is known for portraying Loretta Haggers on the television series "Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman", a role that won her the 1977 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress - Comedy Series. Her numerous film appearances include "Private Benjamin" (1980), "The Big Chill" (1983), "Captain Ron" (1992) and Francis Ford Coppola's 1997 drama, "The Rainmaker". Place also recorded three studio albums for Columbia Records, one in the Haggers persona, which included the Top Ten country music hit "Baby Boy." For her performance in "Diane", Place won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress and the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress.
It's Complicated (film)
It's Complicated is a 2009 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Nancy Meyers. It stars Meryl Streep as a successful bakery owner and single mother of three who starts a secret affair with her ex-husband, played by Alec Baldwin, ten years after their divorce – only to find herself drawn to another man: her architect Adam (portrayed by Steve Martin). The film also features supporting performances by Lake Bell, Hunter Parrish, Zoe Kazan, John Krasinski, Mary Kay Place, Robert Curtis Brown and Rita Wilson, among others.

Question: What year featured a romantic comedy film that had a supporting performance from a 1977 Primetime Emmy Award winner for Outstanding Supporting Actress - Comedy Series? 
Answer: 2009
Dog
In 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan).

Question: When was a study done that discovered mixed breeds tend to live longer than pure breeds?
Answer: 2013
Incandescent light bulb
Lewis Latimer, employed at the time by Edison, developed an improved method of heat-treating carbon filaments which reduced breakage and allowed them to be molded into novel shapes, such as the characteristic "M" shape of Maxim filaments. On 17 January 1882, Latimer received a patent for the "Process of Manufacturing Carbons", an improved method for the production of light bulb filaments, which was purchased by the United States Electric Light Company. Latimer patented other improvements such as a better way of attaching filaments to their wire supports.

Question: When did Latimer patent his "Process of Manufacturing Carbons"?
Answer: 17 January 1882
Parliament (band)
Parliament was an American funk band formed in the late 1960s by George Clinton as part of his Parliament-Funkadelic collective. More commercial and less rock-oriented than its sister act Funkadelic, Parliament drew on science-fiction and outlandish performances in their work. The band scored a number of Top 10 hits, including the million-selling 1976 single "Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)," and Top 40 albums such as "Mothership Connection" (1975).
Parliament (band)
Parliament was originally the Parliaments, a doo-wop vocal group based at a Plainfield, New Jersey barbershop. The group was formed in the late 1950s and included George Clinton, Ray Davis, Fuzzy Haskins, Calvin Simon, and Grady Thomas. Clinton was the group leader and manager. The group scored a hit single in 1967 with "(I Wanna) Testify" (co-written by Clinton) on Revilot Records. To capitalize on this chart success, Clinton formed a touring band, featuring teenage barbershop employee Billy Nelson on bass and his friend Eddie Hazel on guitar, with the lineup eventually rounded out by Tawl Ross on guitar, Tiki Fulwood on drums, and Mickey Atkins on organ.
Jerome Brailey
Jerome Eugene "Bigfoot" Brailey (born August 20, 1950) is an American drummer, best known for his work with P-Funk, which included the bands Parliament, Funkadelic, and numerous related projects. Brailey is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, inducted in 1997 with fifteen other members of Parliament-Funkadelic.

Question: What American drummer, best known for his work with P-Funk, worked with a funk band led by George Clinton?
Answer: Jerome Eugene "Bigfoot" Brailey
James McAvoy
James McAvoy ( ; born 21 April 1979) is a Scottish actor. He made his acting debut as a teen in "The Near Room" (1995) and made mostly television appearances until 2003, when his feature film career began. His notable television work includes the thriller "State of Play" and the science fiction miniseries "Frank Herbert's Children of Dune". He has performed in several West End productions and received three nominations for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor, and has also done voice work for animated films including "Gnomeo & Juliet", its sequel, "Sherlock Gnomes", and "Arthur Christmas".
James McAvoy
In 2003, McAvoy appeared in a lead role in "Bollywood Queen", then in another lead role as Rory in "Inside I'm Dancing" in 2004. This was followed by a supporting role, as the faun Mr. Tumnus, in "" (2005). His performance in Kevin Macdonald's drama "The Last King of Scotland" (2006) garnered him several award nominations, including the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor. The critically acclaimed romantic drama war film "Atonement" (2007) earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination and his second BAFTA nomination. He later appeared as a newly trained assassin in the action thriller "Wanted" (2008).
Bollywood Queen
Bollywood Queen is a British Indian take on the William Shakespeare play "Romeo and Juliet", directed by Jeremy Wooding and starring Preeya Kalidas and James McAvoy. Produced by Jeremy Wooding, the film was released in 2003.

Question: When did the lead actor of Bollywood Queen make his acting debut?
Answer: 1995
Around the Block (film)
Around the Block is a 2013 Australian drama film directed and written by Sarah Spillane. The films stars Christina Ricci, Hunter Page-Lochard, Jack Thompson and Damian Walshe-Howling. The films revolves around an American drama teacher (Ricci) who develops a friendship with a sixteen-year-old Aboriginal Australian boy (Page-Lochard) during the 2004 Redfern riots.
2004 Redfern riots
The 2004 Redfern riots took place on the evening of Saturday 14 February 2004, in the inner Sydney suburb of Redfern, New South Wales, and were sparked by the death of Thomas Hickey, also known as TJ Hickey.

Question: The death of which young man sparked the riots during which the film "Around the Block" is set?
Answer: Thomas Hickey
Apsley Cherry-Garrard
Apsley George Benet Cherry-Garrard (2 January 1886 – 18 May 1959) was an English explorer of Antarctica. He was a member of the "Terra Nova" expedition and is acclaimed for his 1922 account of this expedition, "The Worst Journey in the World".
The Worst Journey in the World (TV programme)
The Worst Journey in the World is a 2007 BBC Television docudrama based on the memoir of the same name by polar explorer Apsley Cherry-Garrard. Narrator Barry Letts, best known for his tenure as the producer of "Doctor Who", played Cherry-Garrard in the 1948 film "Scott of the Antarctic".

Question: The Worst Journey in the World is based on a memoir by an English explorer that was born in what year?
Answer: 1886
Kanye West
The Big Chill, Essence Music Festival, Lollapalooza and Coachella which was described by "The Hollywood Reporter" as "one of greatest hip-hop sets of all time", West released the collaborative album "Watch the Throne" with Jay-Z in August 2011. By employing a sales strategy that released the album digitally weeks before its physical counterpart, "Watch the Throne" became one of the few major label albums in the Internet age to avoid a leak. "Niggas in Paris" became the record's highest charting single, peaking at number five on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The co-headlining Watch the Throne Tour kicked off in October 2011 and concluded in June 2012. In 2012, West released the compilation album "Cruel Summer", a collection of tracks by artists from West's record label GOOD Music. "Cruel Summer" produced four singles, two of which charted within the top twenty of the Hot 100: "Mercy" and "Clique". West also directed a film of the same name that premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival in custom pyramid-shaped screening pavilion featuring seven screens.

Question: What film festival did Kanye West premier a film called "Cruel Summer"?
Answer: 2012 Cannes Film Festival
Assault on Danzig
The Assault on Danzig or Battle of Kiezmark was a battle during the Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629.
Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629)
The Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629 was the fourth stage (after 1600–1611, 1617–1618, and 1620–1625) in a series of conflicts between Sweden and Poland fought in the 17th century. It began in 1626 and ended four years later with the Truce of Altmark and later at Stuhmsdorf with the Treaty of Stuhmsdorf.

Question: The Assault on Danzig was a battle in what war that later ended with the Truce of Altmark?
Answer: The Polish–Swedish War
Stateline, Nevada
Stateline is a census-designated place (CDP) on the southeastern shore of Lake Tahoe in Douglas County, Nevada, United States. It lies next to the California state line and City of South Lake Tahoe. The population was 842 at the 2010 census. The population swells considerably during the busy winter and summer seasons, due to the high number of hotel rooms and rental accommodations available.
Sierra-at-Tahoe
Sierra-at-Tahoe is a ski and snowboard resort in Twin Bridges, California south of Lake Tahoe. Sierra-at-Tahoe is approximately 16 miles (26 km) south of Stateline, Nevada and 12 miles south of South Lake Tahoe on U.S. Route 50 and is contained within the Eldorado National Forest. Sierra-at-Tahoe (often shortened to "Sierra") is a medium sized ski area in the Lake Tahoe region, and is well known for being a more family oriented resort and also having a high annual snowfall. Sierra-at-Tahoe's terrain is 25 percent beginner, 50 percent Intermediate, and 25 percent advanced.

Question: What is the county in which Sierra-at-Tahoe is located?
Answer: Douglas County
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a country situated in the confluence of Western, Central, and Southern Europe. It is a federal republic composed of 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. Switzerland is a landlocked country bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. It is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Alps, and the Jura, spanning a total area of 41285 km2 , and land area of 39997 km2 . While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8.5 million is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities and economic centres are located, among them Zürich, Geneva and Basel, where multiple international organisations are domiciled (such as FIFA, the UN's second-largest Office, and the Bank for International Settlements) and where the main international airports of Switzerland are.

Question: What is the official name of Switzerland?
Answer: Swiss Confederation
Everton F.C.
Everton F.C. is a limited company with the board of directors holding a majority of the shares. The club's most recent accounts, from May 2014, show a net total debt of £28.1 million, with a turnover of £120.5 million and a profit of £28.2 million. The club's overdraft with Barclays Bank is secured against the Premier League's "Basic Award Fund", which is a guaranteed sum given to clubs for competing in the Premier League. Everton agreed to a long-term loan of £30 million with Bear Stearns and Prudential plc in 2002 for a duration of 25 years. The loan was a consolidation of debts at the time as well as a source of capital for new player acquisitions. Goodison Park is secured as collateral. On 27 February 2016, it was announced that Farhad Moshiri would buy a 49.9% stake in the club.

Question: How long does Everton FC have to pay back £30 million they borrowed from Bear Stearns and Prudential? 
Answer: 25 years
Finders Keepers (2015 film)
Finders Keepers is a 2015 documentary film by Bryan Carberry and Clay Tweel. The story details John Wood's attempts to recover his mummified leg from Shannon Whisnant, after Whisnant found the leg in a grill purchased at a storage unit auction.
The Fog of War
The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara is a 2003 American documentary film about the life and times of former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara illustrating his observations of the nature of modern warfare. The film was directed by Errol Morris and features an original score by Philip Glass. The title derives from the military concept of the "fog of war" depicting the difficulty of making decisions in the midst of conflict.

Question: Are Finders Keepers and The Fog of War both about military endeavors?
Answer: no
Immaculate Conception
The Roman Missal and the Roman Rite Liturgy of the Hours naturally includes references to Mary's immaculate conception in the feast of the Immaculate Conception. An example is the antiphon that begins: "Tota pulchra es, Maria, et macula originalis non est in te" ("You are all beautiful, Mary, and the original stain [of sin] is not in you." It continues: "Your clothing is white as snow, and your face is like the sun. You are all beautiful, Mary, and the original stain [of sin] is not in you. You are the glory of Jerusalem, you are the joy of Israel, you give honour to our people. You are all beautiful, Mary.") On the basis of the original Gregorian chant music, polyphonic settings have been composed by Anton Bruckner, Pablo Casals, Maurice Duruflé, Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki, , José Maurício Nunes Garcia, and .

Question: What type of  melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic changes have been made by composers but are based on the works that are monophonic and  unaccompanied sacred song?
Answer: polyphonic settings have been composed
Maseru
Maseru is the capital and largest city of Lesotho. It is also the capital of the Maseru District. Located on the Caledon River, Maseru lies directly on the Lesotho-South Africa border. Maseru had a population of 330,760 in the 2016 census. The city was established as a police camp and assigned as the capital after the country became a British protectorate in 1869. When the country achieved independence in 1966, Maseru retained its status as capital. The name of the city is a Sesotho word meaning "red sandstones".
Lerotholi Polytechnic FC
Lerotholi Polytechnic Football Club is a Lesotho football club based in Maseru. It takes its name from the tertiary institution in Maseru, Lerotholi polytechnic, which was founded by and named after Paramount Chief Lerotholi.

Question: Lerotholi Polytechnic Football Club is a football club based in Maseru, is the capital and largest city of where?
Answer: Lesotho
Wayback Machine
There are technical limitations to archiving a website, and as a consequence, it is possible for opposing parties in litigation to misuse the results provided by website archives. This problem can be exacerbated by the practice of submitting screenshots of web pages in complaints, answers, or expert witness reports when the underlying links are not exposed and therefore, can contain errors. For example, archives such as the Wayback Machine do not fill out forms and therefore, do not include the contents of non-RESTful e-commerce databases in their archives.

Question: What kind of sites contain information that the Wayback Machine does not record?
Answer: e-commerce
Beyoncé
Beyoncé attended St. Mary's Montessori School in Houston, where she enrolled in dance classes. Her singing talent was discovered when dance instructor Darlette Johnson began humming a song and she finished it, able to hit the high-pitched notes. Beyoncé's interest in music and performing continued after winning a school talent show at age seven, singing John Lennon's "Imagine" to beat 15/16-year-olds. In the fall of 1990, Beyoncé enrolled in Parker Elementary School, a music magnet school in Houston, where she would perform with the school's choir. She also attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts and later Alief Elsik High School. Beyoncé was also a member of the choir at St. John's United Methodist Church as a soloist for two years.

Question: Which of her teachers discovered Beyonce's musical talent?
Answer: dance instructor Darlette Johnson
Scott Treleaven
Scott Treleaven is a Canadian artist whose work employs a variety of media including collage, film, video, drawing, photography and installation.
Ron Clements
Ronald Francis Clements (born April 25, 1953) is an American animator, animation director, screenwriter, and producer. He often collaborates with fellow director John Musker.

Question: Are both Scott Treleaven and Ron Clements animation directors, screenwriters, and producers?
Answer: no
Lillian Gish
Lillian Diana Gish (October 14, 1893February 27, 1993) was an American pioneering actress of the screen and stage, and a director and writer. Her film acting career spanned 75 years, from 1912, in silent film shorts, to 1987. Gish was called "The First Lady of American Cinema", and is credited with pioneering fundamental film performance techniques.
Dorothy Gish
Dorothy Elizabeth Gish (March 11, 1898June 4, 1968) was an American actress of the screen and stage, as well as a director and writer. Dorothy and her older sister Lillian Gish were major movie stars of the silent era. Dorothy also had great success on the stage, and was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. Dorothy Gish was noted as a fine comedian, and many of her films were comedies.

Question: Dorothy Gish's older sister was called what? 
Answer: First Lady of American Cinema
Valley Apparel L.L.C.
Valley Apparel L.L.C. is a United States brand of clothing consisting of Flight jackets and military outerwear manufactured in Knoxville, Tennessee for the United States Armed Forces. Founded in 1959 and independent since 2000, Valley specializes in military style apparel for both the consumer market and military customers in the United States Department of Defense (DOD).
Flight jacket
A flight jacket is a casual jacket that was originally created for pilots and eventually became part of popular culture and apparel. It has evolved into various styles and silhouettes, including the "letterman" jacket and the fashionable "bomber" jacket that is known today.

Question: What type of clothing does Valley Apparel L.L.C. produce?
Answer: Flight jackets and military outerwear
Political philosophy
Islamic political philosophy, was, indeed, rooted in the very sources of Islam—i.e., the Qur'an and the Sunnah, the words and practices of Muhammad—thus making it essentially theocratic. However, in Western thought, it is generally supposed that it was a specific area peculiar merely to the great philosophers of Islam: al-Kindi (Alkindus), al-Farabi (Abunaser), İbn Sina (Avicenna), Ibn Bajjah (Avempace) and Ibn Rushd (Averroes). The political conceptions of Islam such as kudrah (power), sultan, ummah, cemaa (obligation)-and even the "core" terms of the Qur'an—i.e., ibadah (worship), din (religion), rab (master) and ilah (deity)—is taken as the basis of an analysis. Hence, not only the ideas of the Muslim political philosophers but also many other jurists and ulama posed political ideas and theories. For example, the ideas of the Khawarij in the very early years of Islamic history on Khilafa and Ummah, or that of Shia Islam on the concept of Imamah are considered proofs of political thought. The clashes between the Ehl-i Sunna and Shia in the 7th and 8th centuries had a genuine political character. Political thought was not purely rooted in theism, however. Aristotleanism flourished as the Islamic Golden Age saw rise to a continuation of the peripatetic philosophers who implemented the ideas of Aristotle in the context of the Islamic world. Abunaser, Avicenna and Ibn Rushd where part of this philosophical school who claimed that human reason surpassed mere coincidence and revelation. They believed, for example, that natural phenomena occur because of certain rules (made by god), not because god interfered directly (unlike Al-Ghazali and his followers).

Question: What is taken as the basis of an analysis?
Answer: The political conceptions of Islam
Memory
Short-term memory is believed to rely mostly on an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent on a visual code. Conrad (1964) found that test subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar, e.g., E, P, D. Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically. Conrad's (1964) study, however, deals with the encoding of written text; thus, while memory of written language may rely on acoustic components, generalizations to all forms of memory cannot be made.

Question: What does Conrads finding seem to mean?
Answer: . Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically.
Israel
The nation's military relies heavily on high-tech weapons systems designed and manufactured in Israel as well as some foreign imports. The Arrow missile is one of the world's few operational anti-ballistic missile systems. The Python air-to-air missile series is often considered one of the most crucial weapons in its military history. Israel's Spike missile is one of the most widely exported anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs) in the world. Israel's Iron Dome anti-missile air defense system gained worldwide acclaim after intercepting hundreds of Qassam, 122 mm Grad and Fajr-5 artillery rockets fire by Palestinian militants from the Gaza Strip. Since the Yom Kippur War, Israel has developed a network of reconnaissance satellites. The success of the "Ofeq" program has made Israel one of seven countries capable of launching such satellites.

Question: What is one of the most crucial weapons in Israel's military history?
Answer: Python air-to-air missile series
Skype
Skype ( ) is a telecommunications application that specializes in providing video chat and voice calls between computers, tablets, mobile devices, the Xbox One console, and smartwatches over the Internet. Skype also provides instant messaging services. Users may transmit text, video, audio and images. Skype allows video conference calls.
Janus Friis
Janus Friis (] ; born 26 June 1976) is a Danish entrepreneur best known for co-founding the file-sharing application Kazaa, and the peer-to-peer telephony application Skype. In September 2005, he and his business partner Niklas Zennström sold Skype to eBay for $2.6B. Friis has maintained ownership interest in Skype through Silver Lake Partners, which sold Skype to Microsoft for $8.5 billion, in May 2011.

Question: What kind of calls does the company that Janus Friis co-founded allow you to make?
Answer: video conference calls
Asphalt
The value of the deposit was obvious from the start, but the means of extracting the bitumen was not. The nearest town, Fort McMurray, Alberta, was a small fur trading post, other markets were far away, and transportation costs were too high to ship the raw bituminous sand for paving. In 1915, Sidney Ells of the Federal Mines Branch experimented with separation techniques and used the product to pave 600 feet of road in Edmonton, Alberta. Other roads in Alberta were paved with material extracted from oil sands, but it was generally not economic. During the 1920s Dr. Karl A. Clark of the Alberta Research Council patented a hot water oil separation process and entrepreneur Robert C. Fitzsimmons built the Bitumount oil separation plant, which between 1925 and 1958 produced up to 300 oilbbl per day of bitumen using Dr. Clark's method. Most of the bitumen was used for waterproofing roofs, but other uses included fuels, lubrication oils, printers ink, medicines, rust- and acid-proof paints, fireproof roofing, street paving, patent leather, and fence post preservatives. Eventually Fitzsimmons ran out of money and the plant was taken over by the Alberta government. Today the Bitumount plant is a Provincial Historic Site.

Question: For what was most of the the Bitumont plant's output was used for waterproofing?
Answer: roofs
Jan de Bont
Jan de Bont (] ; born 22 October 1943) is a Dutch cinematographer, director and film producer. He is widely known for directing the films "Speed" and "Twister". As a director of photography, de Bont worked on numerous blockbusters and genre films, including "Cujo, Flesh and Blood, Die Hard, The Hunt for Red October", and "Basic Instinct".
Basic Instinct
Basic Instinct is a 1992 neo-noir erotic thriller film directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas. The film follows San Francisco police detective Nick Curran (Michael Douglas), who is investigating the brutal murder of a wealthy rock star. During the investigation Curran becomes involved in a torrid and intense relationship with the prime suspect, Catherine Tramell (Sharon Stone), an enigmatic writer.

Question: Are these two related to the art of painting or film?
Answer: film
Light-emitting diode
Electroluminescence as a phenomenon was discovered in 1907 by the British experimenter H. J. Round of Marconi Labs, using a crystal of silicon carbide and a cat's-whisker detector. Russian inventor Oleg Losev reported creation of the first LED in 1927. His research was distributed in Soviet, German and British scientific journals, but no practical use was made of the discovery for several decades.

Question: What was the nationality of the man who discovered Electroluminescence?
Answer: British
Kiss Them for Me (film)
Kiss Them for Me is a 1957 American romantic comedy film directed by Stanley Donen in CinemaScope, starring Cary Grant, Jayne Mansfield and model-turned-actress Suzy Parker in her first film role. The film is an adaptation of the 1945 Broadway play of the same name, itself based on Frederic Wakeman Sr.'s 1944 novel "Shore Leave". The supporting cast features Ray Walston, Werner Klemperer, Leif Erickson, and Larry Blyden.
Kiss Them for Me (film)
Three decorated Navy pilots finagle a four-day leave in San Francisco. They land a posh suite at The Fairmont San Francisco Hotel where Commander Andy Crewson (Cary Grant), a master of procurement, arranges to populate it with wine, women and song.
Jayne Mansfield
Jayne Mansfield (born Vera Jayne Palmer; April 19, 1933 – June 29, 1967) was an American film, theater, and television actress. She was also a singer and nightclub entertainer as well as one of the early "Playboy" Playmates. She was a major Hollywood sex symbol during the 1950s and early 1960s while under contract at 20th Century Fox. She was also known for her well-publicized personal life and publicity stunts, such as "wardrobe malfunctions".

Question: The female lead in Kiss Them for Me (1957) was a major Hollywood sex symbol during which decades?
Answer: 1950s and early 1960s
Annelid
Earthworms make a significant contribution to soil fertility. The rear end of the Palolo worm, a marine polychaete that tunnels through coral, detaches in order to spawn at the surface, and the people of Samoa regard these spawning modules as a delicacy. Anglers sometimes find that worms are more effective bait than artificial flies, and worms can be kept for several days in a tin lined with damp moss. Ragworms are commercially important as bait and as food sources for aquaculture, and there have been proposals to farm them in order to reduce over-fishing of their natural populations. Some marine polychaetes' predation on molluscs causes serious losses to fishery and aquaculture operations.

Question: What type of annelid tunnels through coral?
Answer: Palolo worm
Nintendo Entertainment System
Companies that refused to pay the licensing fee or were rejected by Nintendo found ways to circumvent the console's authentication system. Most of these companies created circuits that use a voltage spike to temporarily disable the 10NES chip. A few unlicensed games released in Europe and Australia are in the form of a dongle to connect to a licensed game, in order to use the licensed game's 10NES chip for authentication. To combat unlicensed games, Nintendo of America threatened retailers who sold them with losing their supply of licensed games, and multiple revisions were made to the NES PCBs to prevent unlicensed games from working.

Question: Companies did what in an effort to circumvent Nintendo's console authentication?
Answer: voltage spike to temporarily disable the 10NES chip
Withnail and I
Withnail and I is a 1987 British black comedy film written and directed by Bruce Robinson. Loosely based on Robinson's life in London in the late 1960s, the plot follows two unemployed actors, Withnail and "I" (portrayed by Richard E. Grant and Paul McGann, respectively) who share a flat in Camden Town in 1969. Needing a holiday, they obtain the key to a country cottage in the Lake District belonging to Withnail's eccentric uncle Monty and drive there. The weekend holiday proves less recuperative than they expected.
Jay Stapley
Stapley started his musical career playing with local bands in Kent and Sussex in the UK. In 1978 he became involved in the London music scene and became a session player and gigging guitarist. He worked alongside various artists and producers on international tours with Roger Waters and Mike Oldfield, the film Withnail and I, and on the albums of Suede, Toyah and Scott Walker.

Question: What production that Jay Stapley worked on involves a weekend holiday to a country cottage in the Lake District?  
Answer: Withnail and I
Pilu
Pilu or Piloo is a "raga" of Hindustani classical music. It is mostly used in light-classical forms, like "thumris".
Kapi (raga)
Kāpi is a popular rāga in Carnatic music, the classical music of South India. "Kāpi" is a janya rāgam of "Kharaharapriya" with a meandering vakra scale. Typically performed at slow and medium speeds, it is capable of inducing moods of devotion, pathos and sadness in the listeners. "Kāpi" is different from the Hindustani raag and thaat "Kafi." The equivalent raag in Hindustani is Pilu

Question: What is the North Indian equivalent to Kapi?
Answer: Pilu
Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino ( , , ] ; 15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian journalist and writer of short stories and novels. His best known works include the "Our Ancestors" trilogy (1952–1959), the "Cosmicomics" collection of short stories (1965), and the novels "Invisible Cities" (1972) and "If on a winter's night a traveler" (1979).
Havelock Ellis
Henry Havelock Ellis, known as Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939), was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He is credited with introducing the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis. 
Havelock Ellis
Ellis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as president of the Eugenics Society.

Question: Which writer served as president of the Eugenics society, Havelock Ellis or Italo Calvino?
Answer: Havelock Ellis
Mario Lopez
Mario Lopez Jr. (born October 10, 1973) is an American actor and entertainment journalist. He has appeared on several television series, in films, and on Broadway. He is known for his portrayal of A.C. Slater on "Saved by the Bell" and "". He has appeared in numerous projects since, including the third season of "Dancing with the Stars" and as host for the syndicated entertainment news magazine show "Extra". He has also hosted "America's Best Dance Crew" for MTV. In 2012, he co-hosted the second season of American version of "The X Factor" with Khloé Kardashian, and was the sole host for the third and final season.
Miss Teen USA 1998
The pageant was hosted by Mario Lopez with color commentary by Ali Landry and Julie Moran. Landry held the Miss Louisiana Teen USA 1990, Miss Louisiana USA 1996 and Miss USA 1996 titles, making the semi-finals at Miss Teen USA 1990 pageant before winning Miss USA 1996.

Question: What character did the host of the Miss Teen USA 1998 pageant play in the TV series Saved by the Bell ?  
Answer: A.C. Slater
Thuringia
Mining was important in Thuringia since the later Middle Ages, especially within the mining towns of the Thuringian Forest such as Schmalkalden, Suhl and Ilmenau. Following the industrial revolution, the old iron, copper and silver mines declined because the competition from imported metal was too strong. On the other hand, the late 19th century brought new types of mines to Thuringia: the lignite surface mining around Meuselwitz near Altenburg in the east of the Land started in the 1870s, and two potash mining districts were established around 1900. These are the "Südharzrevier" in the north of the state, between Bischofferode in the west and Roßleben in the east with Sondershausen at its centre, and the "Werrarevier" on the Hessian border around Vacha and Bad Salzungen in the west. Together, they accounted for a significant part of the world's potash production in the mid-20th century. After the reunification, the "Südharzrevier" was abandoned, whereas K+S took over the mines in the "Werrarevier". Between 1950 and 1990, uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal. The centre was Ronneburg near Gera in eastern Thuringia and the operating company Wismut was under direct Soviet control.

Question: What did the Thuringian miners do to help the Soviet Union?
Answer: uranium mining was also important to cover the Soviet Union's need for this metal
Queen of the Damned
Queen of the Damned is a 2002 fantasy horror film directed by Michael Rymer, loosely based on the third novel of Anne Rice's "The Vampire Chronicles" series, "The Queen of the Damned" (1988), although the film contains many plot elements from the novel's predecessor "The Vampire Lestat". It stars Aaliyah in the title role as the vampire queen Akasha and Stuart Townsend as the vampire Lestat.
Queen of the Damned
This was Aaliyah's final film completed before her death on August 25, 2001. The film was released on February 22, 2002, in the United States and on April 4, 2002, in Australia. It received generally negative reviews from critics but was a moderate box office success.
Michael Rymer
Michael Rymer (born March 1963 in Melbourne, Australia) is a television and film director, best known for his work on the re-imagined "Battlestar Galactica" TV series, for which he directed the pilot miniseries and several episodes of the series. He also directed "In Too Deep" and "Queen of the Damned".

Question: Which 2002 horror film starring Aaliyah did Michael Rymer direct? 
Answer: Queen of the Damned
Williams Air Force Base
Williams Air Force Base is a former United States Air Force (USAF) base, located in Maricopa County, Arizona east of Chandler, and about 30 mi southeast of Phoenix. It is a designated Superfund site due to a number of soil and groundwater contaminants.
Arizona State University Polytechnic campus
Arizona State University Polytechnic campus is one of four campuses of Arizona State University. Founded as ASU East, the campus opened in fall 1996 on the former Williams Air Force Base in southeast Mesa, Arizona.

Question: Which Superfund site is now part of the Arizona State University Polytechnic campus?
Answer: Williams Air Force Base
Xianning
Xianning () is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Hubei province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jiangxi to the southeast and Hunan to the southwest. It is known as the "City of Osmanthus".
Longquan
Longquan () is a county-level city and former county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Lishui in southwestern Zhejiang Province, China, located on the upper reaches of the Ou River and bordering Fujian province to the southwest.

Question: what does Longquan and Xianning have in common?
Answer: China
Alps
Cheesemaking is an ancient tradition in most Alpine countries. A wheel of cheese from the Emmental in Switzerland can weigh up to 45 kg , and the Beaufort in Savoy can weigh up to 70 kg . Owners of the cows traditionally receive from the cheesemakers a portion in relation to the proportion of the cows' milk from the summer months in the high alps. Haymaking is an important farming activity in mountain villages which has become somewhat mechanized in recent years, although the slopes are so steep that usually scythes are necessary to cut the grass. Hay is normally brought in twice a year, often also on festival days. Alpine festivals vary from country to country and often include the display of local costumes such as dirndl and trachten, the playing of Alpenhorns, wrestling matches, some pagan traditions such as Walpurgis Night and, in many areas, Carnival is celebrated before Lent.

Question: When is Carnival celebrated? 
Answer: before Lent
Westfield Fashion Square
Westfield Fashion Square is a shopping mall in the Sherman Oaks and Van Nuys areas of Los Angeles, California. It is owned by Westfield Group. Its anchor stores are Bloomingdale's and Macy's.
Westfield Fashion Square
Originally anchored by Bullock's when it opened in 1962, Sherman Oaks Fashion Square added the Broadway and I. Magnin department stores in 1975. From 1988 to 1990, the outdoor mall was enclosed and double-decked with a Mediterranean theme. In 1994, the mall suffered serious damage from the Northridge earthquake. In 1996, Bullock's was converted into Macy's. The Broadway later became Bloomingdale's—the result of Federated Department Stores buying out Carter Hawley Hale Stores, the Broadway's parent company. The Westfield Group acquired a half-interest in the shopping center in 2002 and renamed it "Westfield Shoppingtown Fashion Square", dropping the "Shoppingtown" name in June 2005.
Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles
Sherman Oaks is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, founded in 1927. The neighborhood includes a portion of the Santa Monica Mountains, which gives Sherman Oaks a lower population density than some other areas in Los Angeles.

Question: Westfield Fashion Square is a shopping mall in this neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region founded in which year?
Answer: 1927
New Haven, Connecticut
Several recent movies have been filmed in New Haven, including "Mona Lisa Smile" (2003), with Julia Roberts, "The Life Before Her Eyes" (2007), with Uma Thurman, and "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008) directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Harrison Ford, Cate Blanchett and Shia LaBeouf. The filming of "Crystal Skull" involved an extensive chase sequence through the streets of New Haven. Several downtown streets were closed to traffic and received a "makeover" to look like streets of 1957, when the film is set. 500 locals were cast as extras for the film. In "Everybody's Fine" (2009), Robert De Niro has a close encounter in what is supposed to be the Denver train station; the scene was filmed in New Haven's Union Station.

Question: How many New Haven locals were cast as extras throughout filming of the Crystal Skull?
Answer: 500
Cardinal (Catholic Church)
To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). Before the new uniformity imposed by John Paul II, each cardinal was given a ring, the central piece of which was a gem, usually a sapphire, with the pope's stemma engraved on the inside. There is now no gemstone, and the pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus, with Mary and John to each side. The ring includes the pope's coat of arms on the inside.

Question: What does the pope give to a new Cardinal?
Answer: a gold ring
Virgil
The legend of "Virgil in his basket" arose in the Middle Ages, and is often seen in art and mentioned in literature as part of the Power of Women literary topos, demonstrating the disruptive force of female attractiveness on men. In this story Virgil became enamoured of a beautiful woman, sometimes described as the emperor's daughter or mistress and called Lucretia. She played him along and agreed to an assignation at her house, which he was to sneak into at night by climbing into a large basket let down from a window. When he did so he was hoisted only halfway up the wall and then left trapped there into the next day, exposed to public ridicule. The story paralleled that of Phyllis riding Aristotle. Among other artists depicting the scene, Lucas van Leyden made a woodcut and later an engraving.

Question: During which time period did the legend of Virgil in his Basket arise?
Answer: Middle Ages
Solar energy
The total solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land masses is approximately 3,850,000 exajoules (EJ) per year. In 2002, this was more energy in one hour than the world used in one year. Photosynthesis captures approximately 3,000 EJ per year in biomass. The amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planet is so vast that in one year it is about twice as much as will ever be obtained from all of the Earth's non-renewable resources of coal, oil, natural gas, and mined uranium combined,

Question: How much energy in exajoules does photosynthesis capture each year?
Answer: 3,000
Multiracial Americans
For African-Americans, the one-drop rule was a significant factor in ethnic solidarity. African-Americans generally shared a common cause in society regardless of their multiracial admixture or social/economic stratification. Additionally, African-Americans found it, near, impossible to learn about their Native American heritage as many family elders withheld pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African-Americans can be a very difficult process, especially for descendants of Native Americans, because African-Americans who were slaves were forbidden to learn to read and write and a majority of Native Americans neither spoke English, nor read or wrote it.

Question: Who made it next to impossible to learn about their heritage for African Americans?
Answer: family elders
Plymouth
The Lord Mayor's official residence is 3 Elliot Terrace, located on the Hoe. Once a home of Waldorf and Nancy Astor, it was given by Lady Astor to the City of Plymouth as an official residence for future Lord Mayors and is also used today for civic hospitality, as lodgings for visiting dignitaries and High Court judges and it is also available to hire for private events. The Civic Centre municipal office building in Armada Way became a listed building in June 2007 because of its quality and period features, but has become the centre of a controversy as the council planned for its demolition estimating that it could cost £40m to refurbish it, resulting in possible job losses.

Question: Who gave the Lord Mayor's official residence to Plymouth?
Answer: Lady Astor
Korean War
On 27 June, Rhee evacuated from Seoul with some of the government. On 28 June, at 2 am, the ROK blew up the Hangang Bridge across the Han River in an attempt to stop the KPA. The bridge was detonated while 4,000 refugees were crossing it and hundreds were killed. Destroying the bridge also trapped many ROK units north of the Han River. In spite of such desperate measures, Seoul fell that same day. A number of South Korean National Assemblymen remained in Seoul when it fell, and forty-eight subsequently pledged allegiance to the North.

Question: What bridge were refugees attempting to cross when it was blown up by the South Korean Army?
Answer: Han River
The Sun (United Kingdom)
Critics stated that both "The Sun" and Lord Kilbracken cherry-picked the results from one specific study while ignoring other data on HIV infection and not just AIDS infection, which the critics viewed as unethical politicisation of a medical issue. Lord Kilbracken himself criticised "The Sun"'s editorial and the headline of its news story, stating that, while he thought that gay people were more at risk of developing AIDS, it was still wrong to imply that no one else could catch the disease. The Press Council condemned "The Sun" for committing what it called a "gross distortion". "The Sun" later published an apology, which was run on Page 28. Journalist David Randall argued in the textbook "The Universal Journalist" that the story in "The Sun" was one of the worst cases of journalistic malpractice in recent history, putting its own readers in harm's way.

Question: In what textbook did David Randall write his opinion?
Answer: The Universal Journalist
Michael Foale
Colin Michael Foale {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 6 January 1957) is a British-American astrophysicist and former NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of six space missions, and is the only NASA astronaut to have flown extended missions aboard both Mir and the International Space Station. He was the second Briton in space and the first to perform a space walk. Until 17 April 2008 he held the record for most time spent in space by a US citizen: 374 days, 11 hours, 19 minutes, and he still holds the cumulative-time-in-space record for a UK citizen. 
Dirk Frimout
Dirk Dries David Damiaan, Viscount Frimout (born 21 March 1941 in Poperinge, Belgium) is an astrophysicist for the European Space Agency. He flew aboard NASA Space Shuttle mission STS-45 as a payload specialist , making him the first Belgian in space .

Question: Michael Foale and Dirk Frimout are both what type of physicist?
Answer: astrophysicist
Everton F.C.
At the end of the 1937–38 season, Everton secretary Theo Kelly, who later became the club's first manager, wanted to design a club necktie. It was agreed that the colour be blue, and Kelly was given the task of designing a crest to be featured on the necktie. He worked on it for four months until deciding on a reproduction of Everton Lock-Up, which stands in the heart of the Everton district. The Lock-Up has been inextricably linked with the Everton area since its construction in 1787. It was originally used as a bridewell to incarcerate mainly drunks and minor criminals, and it still stands today on Everton Brow. The Lock-Up was accompanied by two laurel wreaths on either side and, according to the College of Arms in London, Kelly chose to include the laurels as they were the sign of winners. The crest was accompanied by the club motto, ""Nil Satis Nisi Optimum"", meaning "Nothing but the best is good enough". The ties were first worn by Kelly and the Everton chairman, Mr. E. Green, on the first day of the 1938–39 season.

Question: For what purpose was the Tower first used?
Answer: bridewell
Atlético Madrid B
Club Atlético de Madrid B is a Spanish football team based in Madrid, in the community of Madrid. Founded on 17 September 1963, it is the reserve team of Atlético Madrid and currently plays in Segunda División B – Group 1. They play their home games at Cerro del Espino Stadium.
Juan Moreno (footballer)
Juan Moreno Fernández (born 11 May 1997) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Betis Deportivo Balompié as a right winger.

Question: What is the name of a Spanish professional footballer who plays a right winger for a Spanish football team based in Madrid?
Answer: Juan Moreno Fernández