qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Lewiston, Maine
Lewiston ( ; officially the City of Lewiston, Maine) is the second largest city in Maine and the most central city in Androscoggin County. The city lies halfway between Augusta, the state's capital, and Portland, the state's most populous city. It is one-half of the Lewiston-Auburn Metropolitan Statistical Area, commonly referred to as "L/A." or "L-A." Lewiston exerts a significant impact upon the diversity, religious variety, commerce, education, and economic power of Maine. It is known for a relatively low cost of living, substantial access to medical care, and a relatively low violent-crime rate. In recent years, the City of Lewiston has also seen a spike in economic and social growth. While the dominant language spoken in the city is English, it is home to the largest French-speaking population in the United States (by population) while it is second to St. Martin Parish, Louisiana, in percentage of speakers.
Lewiston, Maine
The Lewiston area traces its roots to 1669 with the early presence of the Androscoggin tribe (the namesake of the county in which the city resides). In the late 18th century, the area (then a part of Massachusetts) slowly became populated by Quebec families and was incorporated as "Lewistown" in 1795. The presence of the Androscoggin River and Lewistown Falls made the town an attractive area for manufacturing and hydro-power businesses. The rise of Boston rail and textile tycoon Benjamin Bates saw rapid economic growth rivaling that of Cambridge, Worcester, and Concord. The increase in economic stimulus prompted thousands of Quebecers to migrate, causing a population boom; the populace rose from 1,801 in 1840 to 21,701 in 1890. In 1855, local preacher Oren Burbank Cheney founded the Maine State Seminary, the first coeducational university in New England and one of the first universities to admit black students before the Emancipation Proclamation. Lewistown quickly became associated with the liberal arts and was incorporated as "Lewiston" in 1864, a year before the college was chartered as Bates College.
Skene (automobile)
The Skene was an American automobile manufactured from 1900 to 1901. A twin-cylinder 5 hp steam car, it was built in Lewiston, Maine. Despite its makers claims of "many points of superiority", the Skene seems to have been rather unremarkable.

Question: What county was the Skene built in?
Answer: Androscoggin County
Nigeria
The Niger Delta Nembe Creek Oil field was discovered in 1973 and produces from middle Miocene deltaic sandstone-shale in an anticline structural trap at a depth of 2 to . In June 2013, Shell announced a strategic review of its operations in Nigeria, hinting that assets could be divested. While many international oil companies have operated there for decades, by 2014 most were making moves to divest their interests, citing a range of issues including oil theft. In August 2014, Shell Oil Company said it was finalising its interests in four Nigerian oil fields.

Question: What type of geology is the Niger Delta Nembe Creek Oil field?
Answer: middle Miocene deltaic sandstone-shale in an anticline structural trap
Bristol sessions
The Bristol Sessions are a series of recording sessions held in 1927 in Bristol, Tennessee, considered by some as the "Big Bang" of modern country music. The recordings were made by Victor Talking Machine Company producer Ralph Peer. Bristol was one of the stops on a two-month, $60,000 trip that took Peer through several major southern cities and yielded important recordings of blues, ragtime, gospel, ballads, topical songs, and string bands. The Bristol Sessions marked the commercial debuts of Jimmie Rodgers and the Carter Family. As a result of the influence of these recording sessions, Bristol has been called the "birthplace of country music". Since 2014, the town has been home to the Birthplace of Country Music Museum.
Shelor Family
The Shelor Family (also known as Dad Blackard’s Moonshiners) was an American folk music group formed in Meadows of Dan, Virginia in the 1920s. Their music, which was recorded during the Bristol sessions in 1927, had a profound impact on country and bluegrass music. The original family band included Joe Blackard (banjo, vocals), his daughter Clarice (piano, vocals), Jesse Shelor (fiddle, vocals) and Pyrhus Shelor (fiddle), and later resurfaced on an album of field recordings arranged in 1975.

Question: Who was the producer for the group The Shelor Family?
Answer: Ralph Peer
Josip Broz Tito
Tito's visits to the United States avoided most of the Northeast due to large minorities of Yugoslav emigrants bitter about communism in Yugoslavia. Security for the state visits was usually high to keep him away from protesters, who would frequently burn the Yugoslav flag. During a visit to the United Nations in the late 1970s emigrants shouted "Tito murderer" outside his New York hotel, for which he protested to United States authorities.

Question: What flag did protesters of Tito often burn?
Answer: Yugoslav
David Howard (director)
David Howard (October 6, 1896 – December 21, 1941) was an American film director. He directed 46 films between 1930 and 1941. He was born as David Paget Davis III in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and died in Los Angeles, California.
Rob Zombie
Rob Zombie (born Robert Bartleh Cummings; January 12, 1965) is an American singer, songwriter, filmmaker, programmer, and voice actor. He is a founding member of the heavy metal band White Zombie, releasing four studio albums with the band. He is the older brother of Spider One, the lead vocalist of the industrial metal band Powerman 5000.

Question: Rob Zombie and David Howard are both what nationality?
Answer: American
Copper
The concentration of copper in ores averages only 0.6%, and most commercial ores are sulfides, especially chalcopyrite (CuFeS), bornite (CuFeS) and, to a lesser extent, covellite (CuS) and chalcocite (CuS). These minerals are concentrated from crushed ores to the level of 10–15% copper by froth flotation or bioleaching. Heating this material with silica in flash smelting removes much of the iron as slag. The process exploits the greater ease of converting iron sulfides into oxides, which in turn react with the silica to form the silicate slag that floats on top of the heated mass. The resulting "copper matte," consisting of CuS, is roasted to convert all sulfides into oxides:

Question: What is the average concentration of copper in ores?
Answer: 0.6%
Wood
In diffuse-porous woods, as has been stated, the vessels or pores are even-sized, so that the water conducting capability is scattered throughout the ring instead of collected in the earlywood. The effect of rate of growth is, therefore, not the same as in the ring-porous woods, approaching more nearly the conditions in the conifers. In general it may be stated that such woods of medium growth afford stronger material than when very rapidly or very slowly grown. In many uses of wood, total strength is not the main consideration. If ease of working is prized, wood should be chosen with regard to its uniformity of texture and straightness of grain, which will in most cases occur when there is little contrast between the latewood of one season's growth and the earlywood of the next.

Question: What division of trees are diffuse-porous woods more similar in growth rate to than ring-porous woods?
Answer: conifers
P. T. Barnum
Phineas Taylor Barnum ( ; July 5, 1810 – April 7, 1891) was an American showman, politician, and businessman, remembered for promoting celebrated hoaxes and for founding the Barnum & Bailey Circus (1871–2017). He was also an author, publisher, and philanthropist, though he said of himself: "I am a showman by profession ... and all the gilding shall make nothing else of me". According to his critics, his personal aim was "to put money in his own coffers." He is widely credited with coining the adage "There's a sucker born every minute", although no proof can be found of him saying this.
William S. Hutchings
William Street Hutchings, (January 7, 1832 - August 25, 1911) also known as Professor Hutchings and the Lightning Calculator, was a 19th-century math prodigy and mental calculator who P. T. Barnum first billed as the "Boy Lightning Calculator". He later worked as a sideshow barker and wrote a book called "The Lightning Calculator".

Question: What was the name of the man, who was billed by the coiner of the phrase "There's a sucker born every minute" as "Boy Lightning Calculator"?
Answer: William Street Hutchings
Tim Kaine
Timothy Michael Kaine ( , born February 26, 1958) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Virginia since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006 and 70th Governor of Virginia from 2006 to 2010. Kaine was the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 2016 election as the running mate of Hillary Clinton.
Karen Jackson
Karen Rollins Jackson is a former Virginia Secretary of Technology. Appointed in 2014 by Governor Terry McAuliffe, she was the last to serve in the office before it was dissolved under Governor Ralph Northam. She previously served from 2009 to 2014 as Deputy Secretary of Technology under Governors Tim Kaine and Bob McDonnell. Jackson was born in Newport News, Virginia and was raised in Poquoson. She attended Christopher Newport University, graduating in 1987, and received a Master in Business Administration degree from the College of William & Mary.

Question: What party is the governor who Karen Jackson served as Deputy Secretary of Technology under?
Answer: Democrat
Robert Prosky
Robert Prosky (born Robert Joseph Porzuczek, December 13, 1930 – December 8, 2008) was an American actor. He became a well-known supporting actor in the 1980s with his roles in "Thief" (1981), "Christine" (1983), "The Natural" (1984), and "Broadcast News" (1987). Prosky's other notable movies include "" (1990), "Hoffa" (1992), "Mrs. Doubtfire" (1993), "Last Action Hero" (1993), "Miracle on 34th Street" (1994), "Dead Man Walking" (1995), and "Mad City" (1997).
Miracle on 34th Street (1994 film)
Miracle on 34th Street is a 1994 American Christmas Comedy-drama fantasy film written and produced by John Hughes, and directed by Les Mayfield (the two would reunite for 1997's "Flubber"). It stars Richard Attenborough, Mara Wilson, Elizabeth Perkins, and Dylan McDermott, and is the first theatrical remake of the original 1947 film. Like the original, this film was released by 20th Century Fox.

Question: Who produce the American Christmas fantasy in which Robert Prosky has a supporting act? 
Answer: John Hughes
Religion in ancient Rome
Chthonic gods such as Dis pater, the "di inferi" ("gods below"), and the collective shades of the departed "(di Manes)" were given dark, fertile victims in nighttime rituals. Animal sacrifice usually took the form of a holocaust or burnt offering, and there was no shared banquet, as "the living cannot share a meal with the dead". Ceres and other underworld goddesses of fruitfulness were sometimes offered pregnant female animals; Tellus was given a pregnant cow at the Fordicidia festival. Color had a general symbolic value for sacrifices. Demigods and heroes, who belonged to the heavens and the underworld, were sometimes given black-and-white victims. Robigo (or Robigus) was given red dogs and libations of red wine at the Robigalia for the protection of crops from blight and red mildew.

Question: How was the sacrifice to the gods below handled?
Answer: burnt offering
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
At the same time, British, French and Soviet negotiators scheduled three-party talks on military matters to occur in Moscow in August 1939 that aimed to define what the agreement would specify on the reaction of the three powers to a German attack. The tripartite military talks, started in mid-August, hit a sticking point on the passage of Soviet troops through Poland if Germans attacked, and the parties waited as British and French officials overseas pressured Polish officials to agree to such terms. Polish officials refused to allow Soviet troops into Polish territory if Germany attacked; Polish Foreign Minister Józef Beck pointed out that the Polish government feared that if the Red Army entered Polish territory, it would never leave.

Question: Who did not want their country protected by the Soviet military?
Answer: Poland
Backstreet Boys
Backstreet Boys (often abbreviated as BSB) is an American vocal group, formed in Orlando, Florida in 1993. The group consists of AJ McLean, Howie Dorough, Nick Carter, Kevin Richardson, and Brian Littrell.
Backstreet Boys
The group rose to fame with their debut international album, "Backstreet Boys" (1996). In the following year, they released their second international album "Backstreet's Back" (1997) along with their self-titled U.S. debut album, which continued the group's success worldwide. They rose to superstardom with their third studio album "Millennium" (1999) and its follow-up album, "Black & Blue" (2000). After a two-year hiatus, they regrouped and released a comeback album "Never Gone" (2005). After the conclusion of the Never Gone Tour in 2006, Richardson left the group to pursue other interests. The group then released two albums as a quartet: "Unbreakable" (2007) and "This Is Us" (2009).
Backstreet Project
Backstreet Project is an American comic book created by Nick Carter and Stan Lee. The comic features members of Carter's band the Backstreet Boys as themselves as well as a team of superheroes called "Cyber Crusaders". The book was available for purchase at their concerts and online stores in 2000–2001.

Question: Backstreet Project is an American comic book created by Nick Carter and Stan Lee, the comic features members of Carter's band the Backstreet Boys as themselves, the Backstreet Boys (often abbreviated as BSB) are an American vocal group, formed in Orlando, Florida in what year?
Answer: 1993
Southampton
In January 2007, the average annual salary in the city was £22,267. This was £1,700 lower than the national average and £3,800 less than the average for the South East.

Question: How far below England's South East region is Southampton's average annual salary?
Answer: £3,800
PlayStation 3
Sony confirmed that there was an error and stated that it was narrowing down the issue and were continuing to work to restore service. By March 2 (UTC), 2010, owners of original PS3 models could connect to PSN successfully and the clock no longer showed December 31, 1999. Sony stated that the affected models incorrectly identified 2010 as a leap year, because of a bug in the BCD method of storing the date. However, for some users, the hardware's operating system clock (mainly updated from the internet and not associated with the internal clock) needed to be updated manually or by re-syncing it via the internet.

Question: By what date did Sony correct the issue with the system clock?
Answer: March 2 (UTC), 2010
Flu (film)
Flu (; alternatively titled The Flu) is a 2013 South Korean disaster film written and directed by Kim Sung-su, about an outbreak of a deadly strain of H5N1 that kills its victims within 36 hours, throwing the district of Bundang in Seongnam, which has a population of nearly half a million people, into chaos. It stars Jang Hyuk and Soo Ae.
Park Min-ha (actress)
Park Min-ha (born July 2, 2007) is a South Korean actress. Park began her career as a child actress in 2011, and has appeared in such productions as the South Korean disaster film "Flu" (2013), the Korean drama television series "King of Ambition" (2013), and the music video for K.Will's song "Love Blossom" (2013). Her father is SBS anchorman Park Chan-min.

Question: What South Korean disaster film did Park Min-ha appear in? 
Answer: Flu
Social Distortion
Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).
Mission of Burma
Mission of Burma was an American post-punk band formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1979. The band was formed by Roger Miller (guitar), Clint Conley (bass), Peter Prescott (drums) and Martin Swope (tape manipulator/sound engineer). Miller, Conley and Prescott share singing and songwriting duties.

Question: Which band was formed first, Mission of Burma or Social Distortion?
Answer: Social Distortion
Stanislav Petrov
Stanislav Yevgrafovich Petrov ( ; 7 September 1939 – 19 May 2017) was a lieutenant colonel of the Soviet Air Defence Forces who played a key role in the 1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident. On 26 September 1983, three weeks after the Soviet military had shot down Korean Air Lines Flight 007, Petrov was the duty officer at the command center for the Oko nuclear early-warning system when the system reported that a missile had been launched from the United States, followed by up to five more. Petrov judged the reports to be a false alarm, and his decision to disobey orders, against Soviet military protocol, is credited with having prevented an erroneous retaliatory nuclear attack on the United States and its NATO allies that could have resulted in a large-scale nuclear war. Investigation later confirmed that the Soviet satellite warning system had indeed malfunctioned.
Stanislav Petrov
Petrov was born on 7 September 1939 near Vladivostok. His father, Yevgraf, flew fighter aircraft during World War II. His mother was a nurse.
The Man Who Saved the World
The Man Who Saved the World is a 2013 feature-length Danish documentary film by film maker Peter Anthony about Stanislav Petrov, a former lieutenant colonel of the Soviet Air Defence Forces and his role in preventing the 1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident from leading to nuclear holocaust.

Question: In which year was the colonel who was the subject of the documentary The Man Who Saved the World, born?
Answer: 1939
The Album Collection Vol. 1 1973–1984
The Album Collection Vol. 1 1973–1984 is a box set collection by Bruce Springsteen released on November 17, 2014. The 8 disc box set contains remastered versions of Springsteen's first seven studio albums and for the first time ever on CD, remasters of "Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J.", "The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle", "The River", "Nebraska" and "Born in the U.S.A." The box set features each album with recreations of their original packaging and also contain a 60-page book. All seven albums have also made their remastered debut on vinyl, and are available digitally at the iTunes Store.
Born in the U.S.A.
Born in the U.S.A. is the seventh studio album by American rock singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen. It was released by Columbia Records on June 4, 1984. The album's music was written by Springsteen and recorded with his E Street Band and producers Chuck Plotkin and Jon Landau at The Power Station and The Hit Factory in New York City.
Born in the U.S.A.
"Born in the U.S.A." was met with positive reviews and massive commercial success. It produced seven top-10 hit singles and was promoted with a worldwide concert tour by Springsteen. "Born in the U.S.A." became his most commercially successful album and one of the highest-selling records ever, having sold 30 million copies by 2012. It has also been cited by critics as one of the greatest albums of all time. The album received a nomination for Album of the Year at the 1985 Grammy Awards.

Question: The Album Collection Vol. 1 1973–1984 included remasters of the 7th album released by Bruce Springsteen, which was originally released on what date?
Answer: June 4, 1984
MacLellan's Castle
MacLellan's Castle in the town of Kirkcudbright, in Galloway, Scotland, was built in the late 16th century. It stands in the centre of Kirkcudbright, on the south side of the River Dee which flows into the Solway Firth. The L-plan castle was the residence of the MacLellan family from whom it derived its name. The family sold the castle in 1752, and from 1782 to 1912 it was held by the Earls of Selkirk. Today, the site is curated by Historic Scotland.
Thomas Maclellan of Bombie
Sir Thomas Maclellan (died 1597) was Provost of Kirkcudbright and father of Robert Maclellan, 1st Lord Kirkcudbright. He was responsible for the construction of MacLellan's Castle in the town.

Question: Thomas Maclellan of Bombie was responsible for the construction of a castle that was held by what what from 1782 to 1912?
Answer: Earls of Selkirk
Matrix string theory
In physics, matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory in a non-perturbative framework. Type IIA string theory can be shown to be equivalent to a maximally supersymmetric two-dimensional gauge theory, the gauge group of which is U("N") for a large value of "N". This matrix string theory was first proposed by Luboš Motl in 1997 and later independently in a more complete paper by Robbert Dijkgraaf, Erik Verlinde, and Herman Verlinde. Another matrix string theory equivalent to Type IIB string theory was constructed in 1996 by Ishibashi, Kawai, Kitazawa and Tsuchiya.
Robbert Dijkgraaf
Robertus Henricus "Robbert" Dijkgraaf FRSE ( [ ]; born 24 January 1960) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and string theorist. He is the director and Leon Levy professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, and a tenured professor at the University of Amsterdam.

Question: Who first proposed the physics theory, known to have been later independently proposed in a more complete paper by the current tenured professor at the University of Amsterdam, and director and Leon Levy professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton?
Answer: Luboš Motl
Submarine
A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. It is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Submarines are referred to as "boats" rather than "ships" irrespective of their size.
Submarine
Although experimental submarines had been built before, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and they were adopted by several navies. Submarines were first widely used during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navies large and small. Military uses include attacking enemy surface ships (merchant and military), or other submarines, aircraft carrier protection, blockade running, ballistic missile submarines as part of a nuclear strike force, reconnaissance, conventional land attack (for example using a cruise missile), and covert insertion of special forces. Civilian uses for submarines include marine science, salvage, exploration and facility inspection and maintenance. Submarines can also be modified to perform more specialized functions such as search-and-rescue missions or undersea cable repair. Submarines are also used in tourism and undersea archaeology.
QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss
The Ordnance QF Hotchkiss 6 pounder gun Mk I and Mk II or QF 6 pounder 8 cwt were a family of long-lived light 57 mm naval guns introduced in 1885 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines. There were many variants produced, often under license which ranged in length from 40 to 58 calibers, but 40 caliber was the most common version.

Question:  The Ordnance QF Hotchkiss 6 pounder gun were introduced to defend against watercraft capable of independent operation underwater usually referred to as "boats" rather than what?
Answer: ships
Yao Ming
Yao Ming (; born September 12, 1980) is a Chinese basketball executive and former professional player. He played for the Shanghai Sharks of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) and the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Yao was selected to start for the Western Conference in the NBA All-Star Game eight times, and was named to the All-NBA Team five times. At the time of his final season, he was the tallest active player in the NBA, at 2.29 m . He is the only player from outside of the United States to lead the NBA in All-Star votes.
2008–09 Houston Rockets season
The 2008–09 Houston Rockets season was the 42nd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Despite a season-ending knee injury to Tracy McGrady, the Rockets breezed past the Portland Trail Blazers in the first round, but could not defeat the Los Angeles Lakers in the second round. Dikembe Mutombo, who entered his 18th and final season, was injured in Game 2 of the first round and announced his retirement, ending his 18-year NBA career. Besides losing Mutombo, Yao Ming missed most of the second round due to a foot injury that required off-season surgery. Before the season, the team acquired Ron Artest (now Metta World Peace), who was known for his violent temper. Following the season, Artest signed as a free agent with the Lakers. The Rockets would not return to the postseason until 2013.

Question: In the 2008-09 Houston Rockets season, which 2.29 meter player missed most of the second round due to a foot injury?
Answer: Yao Ming
Qing dynasty
Widespread drought in North China, combined with the imperialist designs of European powers and the instability of the Qing government, created conditions that led to the emergence of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists, or "Boxers." In 1900, local groups of Boxers proclaiming support for the Qing dynasty murdered foreign missionaries and large numbers of Chinese Christians, then converged on Beijing to besiege the Foreign Legation Quarter. A coalition of European, Japanese, and Russian armies (the Eight-Nation Alliance) then entered China without diplomatic notice, much less permission. Cixi declared war on all of these nations, only to lose control of Beijing after a short, but hard-fought campaign. She fled to Xi'an. The victorious allies drew up scores of demands on the Qing government, including compensation for their expenses in invading China and execution of complicit officials.

Question: When did the Boxers begin to kill missionaries and Chinese Christians?
Answer: 1900
Glass
Naturally occurring obsidian glass was used by Stone Age societies as it fractures along very sharp edges, making it ideal for cutting tools and weapons. Glassmaking dates back to at least 6000 years, long before humans had discovered how to smelt iron. Archaeological evidence suggests that the first true synthetic glass was made in Lebanon and the coastal north Syria, Mesopotamia or ancient Egypt. The earliest known glass objects, of the mid third millennium BCE, were beads, perhaps initially created as accidental by-products of metal-working (slags) or during the production of faience, a pre-glass vitreous material made by a process similar to glazing.

Question: What glass-like material is made with a method related to glazing?
Answer: faience
Cork (city)
The city's charter was granted by Prince John, as Lord of Ireland, in 1185. The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today. For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English government in the Pale around Dublin. Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords extorted "Black Rent" from the citizens to keep them from attacking the city. The present extent of the city has exceeded the medieval boundaries of the Barony of Cork City; it now takes in much of the neighbouring Barony of Cork. Together, these baronies are located between the Barony of Barrymore to the east, Muskerry East to the west and Kerrycurrihy to the south.

Question: What would citizens of Cork pay to neighboring lords in order to prevent them from attacking their city?
Answer: Black Rent
Mackin (crater)
Mackin is a feature on Earth's Moon, a crater in Taurus–Littrow valley. Astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt landed north of it in 1972, on the Apollo 17 mission, but did not visit it.
Gene Cernan
Eugene Andrew "Gene" Cernan ( ; March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017) was an American astronaut, naval aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, and fighter pilot. During the Apollo 17 mission, Cernan became the eleventh person to walk on the Moon. As he re-entered the Apollo Lunar Module after Harrison Schmitt on their third and final lunar excursion, he was the last person to walk on the Moon.
Gene Cernan
Before becoming an astronaut, Cernan graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University and joined the U.S. Navy. After flight training, he received his naval aviator wings and served as a fighter pilot. In 1963 he received a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. Achieving the rank of captain, he retired from the Navy in 1976.

Question: Which American astronaut, naval aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, and fighter pilot landed north of Mackin?
Answer: Eugene Cernan
University of North Georgia
The University of North Georgia (UNG) is a public university with multiple campuses in Georgia. It is part of the University System of Georgia. The university was established on January 8, 2013 by a merger of North Georgia College & State University (founded 1873) and Gainesville State College (founded 1964). The regents announced plans for the merger on January 10, 2012, and the name of the new school was announced on May 8, 2012. The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) approved the consolidation December 11, 2012. The combined institution has campus locations in Dahlonega, Gainesville (Gainesville Campus), Watkinsville (Oconee Campus), Blue Ridge, and Cumming.
William Starr Basinger
William Starr Basinger (1827–1910) was a lawyer, military officer, state legislator, and the president of the University of North Georgia. He served as a major in the 18th Georgia Battalion of the Confederate States Army during the Civil War. In 1886 Basinger, succeeding David W. Lewis, became the second president of North Georgia Agricultural College (now UNG).

Question: When did the University of North Georgia, also known as UNG, approve and consolidate the name change?
Answer: December 11, 2012.
Ottoman Empire
However, the collapsing Ottoman economy could not sustain the fleet's strength for long. Sultan Abdülhamid II distrusted the admirals who sided with the reformist Midhat Pasha and claimed that the large and expensive fleet was of no use against the Russians during the Russo-Turkish War. He locked most of the fleet inside the Golden Horn, where the ships decayed for the next 30 years. Following the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, the Committee of Union and Progress sought to develop a strong Ottoman naval force. The "Ottoman Navy Foundation" was established in 1910 to buy new ships through public donations.

Question: Who was the reformist that had the backing of Ottoman admirals during the Russo-Turkish war?
Answer: Midhat Pasha
Lighting
Photometric studies (also sometimes referred to as "layouts" or "point by points") are often used to simulate lighting designs for projects before they are built or renovated. This enables architects, designers, and engineers to determine which configuration of lighting fixtures will deliver the amount of light needed. Other parameters that can be determined are the contrast ratio between light and dark areas. In many cases these studies are referenced against IESNA or CIBSE recommended practices for the type of application. Depending on the building type, client, or safety requirements, different design aspects may be emphasized for safety or practicality. Specialized software is often used to create these, which typically combine the use of two-dimensional CAD drawings and lighting calculation software (i.e. AGi32, Visual, Dialux).

Question: What type of study is used to simulate lighting designs?
Answer: Photometric studies
Operalia
Plácido Domingo's Operalia, The World Opera Competition is an annual international competition for opera singers. Founded in 1993 by Plácido Domingo, the competition's varied prizes have been given to known artists such as Joseph Calleja, Rolando Villazón, José Cura, Joyce DiDonato, Elizabeth Futral, Nina Stemme, Erwin Schrott, Sonya Yoncheva and Lise Davidsen.
Joyce DiDonato
Joyce DiDonato (née Flaherty; born February 13, 1969) is an American lyric-coloratura mezzo-soprano. She is notable for her interpretations of operas and concert works in the 19th-century romantic era in addition to works by Handel and Mozart.
Joyce DiDonato
She has performed with many of the world's leading opera companies and orchestras, and won multiple awards including the 2012 and 2016 Grammy Award for Best Classical Vocal Solo.

Question: Joyce DiDonato ("née" Flaherty; born February 13, 1969) is an American operatic lyric-coloratura mezzo-soprano
Answer: leading opera companies
Southampton
The friary was dissolved in 1538 but its ruins remained until they were swept away in the 1940s.

Question: In what decade were the leftovers of the Southampton friary destroyed?
Answer: 1940s
Phonology
Since the early 1960s, theoretical linguists have moved away from the traditional concept of a phoneme, preferring to consider basic units at a more abstract level, as a component of morphemes; these units can be called "morphophonemes", and analysis using this approach is called morphophonology.

Question: On what level do theoretical linguists consider basic units?
Answer: abstract
Douglas SBD Dauntless
The Douglas SBD Dauntless is a World War II American naval scout plane and dive bomber that was manufactured by Douglas Aircraft from 1940 through 1944. The SBD ("Scout Bomber Douglas") was the United States Navy's main carrier-based scout/dive bomber from mid-1940 through mid-1944. The SBD was also flown by the United States Marine Corps, both from land air bases and aircraft carriers. The SBD is best remembered as the bomber that delivered the fatal blows to the Japanese carriers at the Battle of Midway in June 1942. The type earned its nickname "Slow But Deadly" (from its SBD initials) during this period.
Japanese minesweeper Tama Maru No. 2
Tama Maru No. 2 was a  gross register tons (GRT) whaler built by Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Kobe for Taiyo Hogei Kabushiki Kaisha in 1936. She was requisitioned in 1941 by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II and converted into a minesweeper. On 10 March 1942, during the invasion of Lae-Salamaua, "Tama Maru No. 2" was damaged by Douglas SBD Dauntless dive bombers from the United States Navy aircraft carriers and off Lae, New Guinea.

Question: The Tama Maru No. 2 was damaged by what World War II American naval scout plane and dive bomber that was manufactured by Douglas Aircraft?
Answer: Douglas SBD Dauntless
University of Iowa
The University of Iowa (UI, U of I, UIowa, or simply Iowa) is a public research university in Iowa City, Iowa. Founded in 1847, it is the oldest and the second largest university in the state. The University of Iowa is organized into 12 colleges offering more than 200 areas of study and seven professional degrees.
Ural Federal University
The Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin (Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина, "Uralʹskiĭ federalʹnyĭ universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B.N. Yelʹtsina", often shortened to UrFU, УрФУ) (formed by a merger of the Ural State Technical University and Ural State University) is one of the leading educational institutions in the Ural region of Russia. Ural Federal University acts as a research and innovation center of the Ural region and cooperates with the Russian Academy of Sciences. UrFU offers educational programs in four main areas of knowledge and 108 academic majors. There are actively developed links between the university and intermediate educational institutions. UrFU also consistently works on establishing strategic partnerships with employers for the sake of development of the regional economy: employers are involved in the educational environment as direct participants, enployers-sponsored and corporate education is carried out based on the client-centered approach, joint business projects are realized in economic and social areas.

Question: Ural Federal University and University of Iowa, are which type of education institutions?
Answer: university
Antarctica
The passing of the Antarctic Conservation Act (1978) in the U.S. brought several restrictions to U.S. activity on Antarctica. The introduction of alien plants or animals can bring a criminal penalty, as can the extraction of any indigenous species. The overfishing of krill, which plays a large role in the Antarctic ecosystem, led officials to enact regulations on fishing. The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), a treaty that came into force in 1980, requires that regulations managing all Southern Ocean fisheries consider potential effects on the entire Antarctic ecosystem. Despite these new acts, unregulated and illegal fishing, particularly of Patagonian toothfish (marketed as Chilean Sea Bass in the U.S.), remains a serious problem. The illegal fishing of toothfish has been increasing, with estimates of 32000 t in 2000.

Question: When was the Antarctic Conservation Act passed by the U.S.?
Answer: 1978
Larry Johnson (American football coach)
Larry Johnson (born c. 1952) is an American football coach, currently the defensive line and associate head coach at Ohio State University. He served as an assistant football coach at Pennsylvania State University from 1996 to 2013. Johnson was a high school football coach in the Washington, D.C. area from 1983 to 1993. He is the father of former National Football League running back Larry Johnson and former Penn State wide receiver Tony Johnson.
Larry Johnson (running back)
Larry Alphonso Johnson Jr. (born November 19, 1979) is a former American football running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Penn State University, and was recognized as a unanimous All-American. He was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in the first round of the 2003 NFL Draft and also played for the Cincinnati Bengals, Washington Redskins and Miami Dolphins of the NFL.

Question: Larry Johnson is the father of which player, drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs in 2003?
Answer: Larry Alphonso Johnson Jr.
Compact disc
Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a disc that could play an hour of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard compact disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands. Sony executive Norio Ohga, later CEO and chairman of Sony, and Heitaro Nakajima were convinced of the format's commercial potential and pushed further development despite widespread skepticism.

Question: Where was the 62nd AES Convention held?
Answer: Brussels
American Idol
The wildcard round returned in the eighth season, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer – for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting in tenth season, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In the tenth and eleventh seasons, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In the twelfth season, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In the thirteenth season, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender based on the vote and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13. In the fourteenth season, the top 24 performed at The Fillmore Detroit, starting with the 12 males on one night and then the 12 females on the next night. The following week, the same order went for the top 16, with four males eliminated, followed by four females based on the vote. Then, on the first night of finals, a similar sequence from the thirteenth season was used to determine the final 12, with five of each gender based on the vote and two wildcards chosen by the judges. In the fifteenth season, the top 24 performed at Cathedral of Saint Vibiana in Los Angeles and were split into two groups of twelve and performed twice, one being a solo performance and one being a duet with a former Idol contestant. In each group, the judges chose 7 contestants to advance to the top 14 where the judges chose 4 to advance to the top 10 and remaining 6 contestants were chosen based on the vote. In the sixteenth season, the top 24 performed at the Academy in the Heart of LA, and the show repeated the process from the previous season. However, instead of Idol alumnus as duet partners, superstar celebrity singers were used as the duet partners. In the seventeenth season, the show repeated the process again. However, instead of a top 24, it's a top 20, the contestants performed at the Wiltern Theatre in Los Angeles, and performed solos in one episode, and performed the duets in two episodes. In the eighteenth season, due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the top 20 performed at their homes, and based on the vote, half of the top 20 would advance to the top 10, and the other half would be eliminated. However, the judges were offered a Judges' Save, saving one of the bottom 10 from elimination.

Question: How many wildcard contestants were advanced in the competition in season ten?
Answer: three
Scent-imental Romeo
Scent-imental Romeo is a 1951 Warner Bros. "Merrie Melodies" animated short directed by Chuck Jones. The short was released on March 24, 1951, and stars Pepé Le Pew.
Scent-imental Romeo
In the Paris Zoo, Penelope Pussycat is starving and tries to beg the local zookeeper to give her some of the lions' food but he gently, though firmly, refuses. She then deliberately paints a white stripe on her back, disguising herself as a skunk, so as to be fed. The ploy works, but unfortunately for Penelope, she is discovered by Pepé, who immediately mistakes her for "le petite femme skunk" and pursues her affections.
Penelope Pussycat
As the unfortunate target of unwanted physical attention, the character has been examined in feminist film criticism as an example of a "rape-revenge narrative"; however, this reading is complicated by the ending of some of the cartoons, which flip the dynamic and leave Pepé as the unwilling recipient of the cat's affections.
Penelope Pussycat
In the 1959 short "Really Scent", she was voiced by June Foray, in the 1962 short "Louvre Come Back to Me!", she was voiced by Julie Bennett, and in the 2000 movie, "Tweety's High-Flying Adventure", she was voiced by Frank Welker. Her first speaking role was in the 1995 short "Carrotblanca," where she was voiced by Tress MacNeille.

Question: Scentimental Romeo is a 1950 Merrie Melodies featuring an animated cartoon character that was voiced by who in the 1962 short "Louvre Come Back to Me!"?
Answer: June Foray
John, King of England
When war with France broke out again in 1202, John achieved early victories, but shortages of military resources and his treatment of Norman, Breton, and Anjou nobles resulted in the collapse of his empire in northern France in 1204. He spent much of the next decade attempting to regain these lands, raising huge revenues, reforming his armed forces and rebuilding continental alliances. His judicial reforms had a lasting effect on the English common law system, as well as providing an additional source of revenue. An argument with Pope Innocent III led to John's excommunication in 1209, a dispute he finally settled in 1213. John's attempt to defeat Philip in 1214 failed because of the French victory over John's allies at the battle of Bouvines. When he returned to England, John faced a rebellion by many of his barons, who were unhappy with his fiscal policies and his treatment of many of England's most powerful nobles. Although both John and the barons agreed to the " " peace treaty in 1215, neither side complied with its conditions. Civil war broke out shortly afterwards, with the barons aided by Louis VIII of France. It soon descended into a stalemate. John died of dysentery contracted whilst on campaign in eastern England during late 1216; supporters of his son Henry III went on to achieve victory over Louis and the rebel barons the following year.

Question: When did war with France break out?
Answer: 1202
John Ford
John Ford (February 1, 1894 – August 31, 1973) was an American film director. He is renowned both for Westerns such as "Stagecoach" (1939), "The Searchers" (1956), and "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" (1962), as well as adaptations of classic 20th-century American novels such as "The Grapes of Wrath" (1940). He was the recipient of five Academy Awards including a record four wins for Best Director.
John Ford
In a career of more than 50 years, Ford directed more than 140 films (although most of his silent films are now lost) and he is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential filmmakers of his generation. Ford's work was held in high regard by his colleagues, with Orson Welles and Ingmar Bergman among those who named him one of the greatest directors of all time.
Silver Wings (film)
Silver Wings is a 1922 American drama film directed by Edwin Carewe and John Ford. Ford directed only the prologue of the film. "Silver Wings" is now considered to be a lost film.

Question: What 1962 Western has the same film director as the 1922 film, Silver Wings?
Answer: "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance"
Javier Sotomayor
Javier Sotomayor Sanabria (] ; born October 13, 1967) is a retired Cuban track and field athlete, who specialized in the high jump and is the current world record holder. The 1992 Olympic champion, he was the dominant high jumper of the 1990s; his personal best of 2.45 m (8 ft 1/2 in) makes him the only person to have ever cleared eight feet.
Javier Sotomayor
Sotomayor is twice a gold medallist at the IAAF World Championships in Athletics and also won two silver medals at the competition. At the IAAF World Indoor Championships he won four gold medals between 1989 and 1999. In addition, he won three straight titles at the Pan American Games from 1987 to 1995. He is regarded as the best high jumper of all time. Cuban boycotts of the Olympics in 1984 and 1988 and an injury in 1996 cost him chances at additional Olympic medals, but he returned to win the silver medal at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney. Sotomayor retired in 2001.
Patrik Sjöberg
Jan Niklas Patrik Sjöberg (] ; born 5 January 1965) is a Swedish former high jumper. He broke the world record with 2.42 m in Stockholm on 30 June 1987. This mark is still the European record and ranks him third on the world all-time list behind Javier Sotomayor and Mutaz Essa Barshim. He twice held the world indoor record holder with marks of 2.38 m (1985) and 2.41 m (1987). He was the 1987 World Champion and three-times an Olympic medallist.

Question: Both Patrik Sjöberg and Javier Sotomayor participate in which sport?
Answer: track and field