qi2peng2/beerqa huggingface dataset:
Natalia Oreiro
Natalia Marisa Oreiro Iglesias (] ; born 19 May 1977) is a Uruguayan singer, actress, and fashion designer. Oreiro began her career in telenovelas. Since 2008 she has switched to work primarily in films. Oreiro has worked on social awareness shows and events for organizations like Greenpeace and UNICEF, the latter of which designated her as ambassador for Argentina and Uruguay in September 2011. She has been included in "Esquire" magazine's "The Sexiest Woman Alive Atlas" list.
Música en espera
Música en espera ("Music on hold") is an Argentine film starring Natalia Oreiro and Diego Peretti. It premiered on March 19, 2009, and was the most seen movie in its starting week.

Question:  Música en espera is an Argentine film starring a Grammy-nominated singer who has been included in what list by "Esquire" magazine?
Answer: Sexiest Woman Alive Atlas
Wood
In species which show a distinct difference between heartwood and sapwood the natural color of heartwood is usually darker than that of the sapwood, and very frequently the contrast is conspicuous (see section of yew log above). This is produced by deposits in the heartwood of chemical substances, so that a dramatic color variation does not imply a significant difference in the mechanical properties of heartwood and sapwood, although there may be a marked biochemical difference between the two.

Question: What is deposited naturally in heartwood that changes its color?
Answer: chemical substances
Repeal Association
The Repeal Association was an Irish mass membership political movement set up by Daniel O'Connell in 1830 to campaign for a repeal of the Acts of Union of 1800 between Great Britain and Ireland.
Acts of Union 1800
The Acts of Union 1800 (sometimes referred to as a single Act of Union 1801) were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The acts came into force on 1 January 1801, and the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom had its first meeting on 22 January 1801. 
Acts of Union 1800
Both acts remain in force, with amendments, in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, but have been repealed in the Republic of Ireland.

Question: The Repeal Association was created to campaign for the repeal of what act that united Great Britain and Ireland?
Answer: Acts of Union 1800
Sam Bradford
Samuel Jacob Bradford (born November 8, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He has played in the National Football League (NFL) for the St. Louis Rams, Philadelphia Eagles, Minnesota Vikings, and Arizona Cardinals. Bradford attended Putnam City North High School in Oklahoma City, where he starred in football, basketball and golf. As a senior quarterback in 2005, he threw for 2,029 yards and 17 touchdowns in 12 games. Bradford was not highly recruited coming out of high school, but he did receive a scholarship offer from the University of Oklahoma, which he accepted. After a redshirt season in 2006, Bradford threw for 3,121 yards and 36 touchdowns as a redshirt freshman. In 2008, Bradford became only the second sophomore to win the Heisman Trophy as he led the highest-scoring offense in NCAA history, throwing for 4,720 yards with 50 touchdowns and just eight interceptions. He again led the nation in passing and also added five rushing touchdowns as the Sooners went 12-1 and advanced to the BCS national title game.
Sam Bradford
Bradford declared for the NFL Draft following the 2009 season and was drafted by the St. Louis Rams with the first overall selection in the 2010 NFL Draft. That year, Bradford set the record for most completions by a rookie in NFL history, which helped earn him the NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year award. Prior to the start of the 2015 season, the Rams traded Bradford along with a 2015 fifth round pick to the Philadelphia Eagles in exchange for quarterback Nick Foles, a 2015 fourth-round pick, and a 2016 second-round pick. Following his 2015 campaign with the Eagles, in which he set career-highs in passing yards (3,725), completion percentage (65%) and yards per attempt (7.0), the Minnesota Vikings acquired Bradford after their starting quarterback Teddy Bridgewater was lost to a season-ending knee injury before the start of the season.
2012 St. Louis Rams season
The 2012 season was the St. Louis Rams' 75th in the National Football League, their 18th in St. Louis and their first under head coach Jeff Fisher. Finishing at 7–8–1, they improved on their 2–14 record from 2011. In Week 10 against the San Francisco 49ers, the game ended in a 24–24 tie, the first since the 2008 NFL season. It was Sam Bradford's second and final full season as the Rams starting quarterback as two torn ACLs sidelined him for much of the next season and the entire 2014 season.

Question: The 2012 St. Louis Rams season was the second and final season for the quarterback who now captains which team?
Answer: Minnesota Vikings
Russian language
Because of many technical restrictions in computing and also because of the unavailability of Cyrillic keyboards abroad, Russian is often transliterated using the Latin alphabet. For example, ('frost') is transliterated "moroz", and ('mouse'), "mysh" or "myš"'. Once commonly used by the majority of those living outside Russia, transliteration is being used less frequently by Russian-speaking typists in favor of the extension of Unicode character encoding, which fully incorporates the Russian alphabet. Free programs leveraging this Unicode extension are available which allow users to type Russian characters, even on Western 'QWERTY' keyboards.

Question: What does 'mysh' mean?
Answer: mouse
American Idol
Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)" on the show was widely praised and led to an invitation to join the band as Fuel's new lead singer, an invitation he declined. His performance of Live's version of "I Walk the Line" was well received by the judges but later criticized in some quarters for not crediting the arrangement to Live. He was eliminated at the top four in a shocking result.

Question: Who performed a Fuel song on this season?
Answer: Chris Daughtry
Pringles
Pringles is an American brand of stackable potato-based chips. Originally developed by Procter & Gamble (P&G) in 1967 and marketed as "Pringle's Newfangled Potato Chips", the brand was sold in 2012 to the current owners, Kellogg's.
Pringles
As of 2011, Pringles were sold in more than 140 countries. In 2012, Pringles were the fourth most popular snack brand after Lay's, Doritos and Cheetos (all manufactured by Frito-Lay), with 2.2% market share globally.
Kellogg's
The Kellogg Company, doing business as Kellogg's, is an American multinational food manufacturing company headquartered in Battle Creek, Michigan, United States. Kellogg's produces cereal and convenience foods, including crackers and toaster pastries and markets their products by several well known brands including Corn Flakes, Frosted Flakes, Pringles, Eggo, and Cheez-It. Kellogg's mission statement is "Nourishing families so they can flourish and thrive."

Question: Which brand, originally developed by Procter & Gamble, is now owned by a company headquartered in Battle Creek, Michigan, United States?
Answer: Pringles
Staind
Staind ( ) is an American rock band formed in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1995. The original lineup consisted of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Aaron Lewis, lead guitarist Mike Mushok, bassist and backing vocalist Johnny April, and drummer Jon Wysocki. The lineup has been stable outside of the 2011 departure of Wysocki, who was replaced by Sal Giancarelli. Staind has recorded seven studio albums: "Tormented" (1996), "Dysfunction" (1999), "Break the Cycle" (2001), "14 Shades of Grey" (2003), "Chapter V" (2005), "The Illusion of Progress" (2008), and "Staind" (2011). The band's activity became more sporadic after their self-titled release, with Lewis pursuing a solo country music career and Mushok subsequently joining the band Saint Asonia, but they have continued to tour on and off in the following years. In 2016, Lewis reiterated that the band had not broken up, and would possibly create another album, but that his then-current focus was on his solo career. The band reunited more permanently in 2019 for several shows, continuing with live appearances in 2020. Many of their singles have reached high positions on US rock and all-format charts as well, including "It's Been Awhile", "Fade", "Price to Play", "So Far Away", and "Right Here".
Staind
In 1993, vocalist Aaron Lewis and guitarist Mike Mushok met at a Christmas party in Springfield, Massachusetts. Mushok introduced drummer Jon Wysocki while Lewis brought in bassist Johnny April to form the band in 1995. Their first public performance was in February 1995, playing a heavy, dark, and introspective style of metal. Extensive touring in the Northeast helped Staind acquire a regional following over the next few years.
The Illusion of Progress
The Illusion of Progress is the sixth studio album by American rock band Staind. It was released on August 19, 2008. "The Illusion of Progress" was produced by Johnny K and recorded in lead singer Aaron Lewis' home studio. It debuted at No. 3 in the "Billboard" 200 with 91,800 units sold.

Question: What was the name of the lead guitarist of the band that released the album Illusion of Progress in 2008?
Answer: Mike Mushok
Dixville Notch, New Hampshire
Dixville Notch is an unincorporated community in Dixville township, Coos County, New Hampshire, United States. The population of the township, all of whom live in Dixville Notch, was 12 at the 2010 census. The village is known for being one of the first places to declare its results during United States presidential elections and the New Hampshire primary. It is located in the northern part of the state, approximately 20 mi south of the Canadian province of Quebec.
The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel
The Ballot Room of The Balsams is where Dixville Notch's presidential primary votes are cast just after midnight on the day of the New Hampshire primaries since the 1960s. These votes cast by Dixville Notch residents are among the first to be cast, counted, and reported nationally.
The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel
The Balsams closed to the public after being purchased by new owners for $2.3 million in December 2011, and remains closed as of February 2020 as its owners continue to seek financing for their redevelopment and expansion efforts. In 2014, former American Skiing Company head Les Otten joined the Balsams redevelopment effort. Included in Otten's current plan is a massive expansion of the ski area to around 1,000 acres and the addition of multiple lifts, including a year-round gondola to the summit and a lift connection across Route 26 to the hotel complex. The expanded ski area would be quadruple its current size and be one of the largest ski areas in the Northeast. Plans also call for the renovation of the main hotel buildings, the Dix and Hampshire houses, as well as a new hotel wing, and renovations to the golf course clubhouse. The plans also call for the conversion of a portion of the existing buildings from hotel rooms to condominiums as well as the potential construction of additional condominium units.

Question: The Balsams Grand Resort Hotel is located in an unincorporated community approximately 20 mi south of what Canadian province?
Answer: Quebec
Michael Schumacher
Michael Schumacher ( ; ] ( ) ; born 3 January 1969) is a German retired racing driver who competed in Formula One for Jordan Grand Prix, Benetton, Ferrari (where he spent most of his career), and Mercedes upon his return to the sport. Schumacher is widely regarded as one of the greatest Formula One drivers ever, and is regarded by some as the greatest of all time. Schumacher is the only driver in history to win seven Formula One World Championships, five of which he won consecutively. The most successful driver in the history of the sport, Schumacher holds the records for the most World Championship titles (7), the most Grand Prix wins (91), the most fastest laps (77) and the most races won in a single season (13), and according to the official Formula One website, Schumacher was "statistically the greatest driver the sport has ever seen" at the time of his retirement from the sport. He was also noted throughout his career for pushing his car to the very limit for sustained periods and a pioneering fitness regimen.
1990 FIA European Formula 3 Cup
The 1990 FIA European Formula Three Cup was the sixth European Formula Three Cup race and the first to be held at the Bugatti Circuit at Le Mans on September 23, 1990. The race was won by Italian Alessandro Zanardi, driving for RC Motorsport outfit after Michael Schumacher was disqualified from the race and stripped of his race win. Italian Mirko Savoldi and Frenchman Yvan Muller completed the podium.

Question: What year was the man disqualified from the 1990 FIA European Formula Three Cup born?
Answer: 1969
Iron Maiden
Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. The band's discography has grown to 39 albums, including 16 studio albums, 12 live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations.
Classic Diamonds – The DVD
Classic Diamonds – The DVD is a DVD video album by hard rock singer Doro Pesch, released in 2004 by AFM Records. The DVD contains footage from two concerts held during the European tour which followed the release of the studio album "Classic Diamonds". The album was a special project for Doro Pesch, who revised and re-arranged some of her songs for the Classic Night Orchestra, a 30-elements symphonic orchestra. A smaller ensemble of the orchestra accompanied Doro and her usual touring musicians on tour, but the full orchestra was on stage in August 2004 at Wacken Open Air for a strictly acoustic set, an unusual performance for the largest European heavy metal festival. Special guests of the night were former-Iron Maiden singer Blaze Bayley and guitarist Chris Caffery (Savatage, Trans-Siberian Orchestra).

Question: Which band, formed in Leyton, was one of the special guests from the Classic Diamonds - The DVD release from?
Answer: Iron Maiden
Atypical
Atypical is a coming-of-age television series created by Robia Rashid for Netflix. It focuses on the life of 18-year-old Sam Gardner (Keir Gilchrist), who has autism spectrum disorder. The first season was released on August 11, 2017, consisting of eight episodes. The ten-episode second season was released on September 7, 2018. In October 2018, the series was renewed for a third season of ten episodes, which was released on November 1, 2019. In February 2020, the series was renewed for a fourth and final season. The final 10 episodes will premiere in 2021. 
Keir Gilchrist
Keir David Peters Gilchrist (born 28 September 1992) is an English-born Canadian actor and musician. Gilchrist is known for playing Marshall Gregson on Showtime's original series "United States of Tara", Craig Gilner in the 2010 comedy-drama film "It's Kind of a Funny Story", Paul in "It Follows", and Sam Gardner in the Netflix original series "Atypical". He is also the vocalist of grindcore band Whelm and death metal band Phalanx.

Question: What Netflix original series, starring Canadian actor Keir Gilchrist, focuses on the life of an autistic 18 year old?
Answer: Atypical
Calibanus
Calibanus is a genus of two species of flowering plants, both evergreen succulents from dry areas of northeastern Mexico. The APG III classification system places it in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae.) It was formerly included in the Agavaceae (now Agavoideae) but is now separated from them, for it is polycarpic and dioecious. Its name refers to the monster Caliban, an antagonist in Shakespeare's "The Tempest".
Thalia (plant)
Thalia is a genus of six currently recognized species found in aquatic or marshy habitats, ranging in Africa from Senegal to Sudan to Zimbabwe, and in the Americas from Illinois to Argentina. Alligator-flag is a common name for plants in this genus. The generic name is in honor of Johannes Thal (1542–1583), a German doctor who wrote a Flora of the Harz Mountains.

Question: Between Thalia and Calibanus, which genus has more species?
Answer: Thalia
Queen Victoria
Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. They had been betrothed since September 1855, when Princess Victoria was 14 years old; the marriage was delayed by the Queen and her husband Albert until the bride was 17. The Queen and Albert hoped that their daughter and son-in-law would be a liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state. The Queen felt "sick at heart" to see her daughter leave England for Germany; "It really makes me shudder", she wrote to Princess Victoria in one of her frequent letters, "when I look round to all your sweet, happy, unconscious sisters, and think I must give them up too – one by one." Almost exactly a year later, the Princess gave birth to the Queen's first grandchild, Wilhelm, who would become the last German Emperor.

Question: Where did princess Victoria move to after she was married?
Answer: Germany
Seven Years' War
Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and £670,000 (equivalent to £ million in 2019) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The British attempted to persuade the Dutch Republic to join the alliance, but the request was rejected, as the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year had been successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to the British campaigns in North America.

Question: Who led the force to defend Hanover?
Answer: under the command of the Duke of Cumberland
Louise Mountbatten
Lady Louise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten (13 July 1889 – 7 March 1965), born Princess Louise of Battenberg, was Queen of Sweden as the wife of King Gustaf VI Adolf. A member of the House of Battenberg, Louise was closely related to the ruling families of Britain and Russia. During the First World War, Louise served as a nurse in the Red Cross. She married the widowed Gustaf Adolf in 1923 and assumed the role of Sweden's first lady but did not become queen until 1950. Queen Louise was noted for her eccentricity and progressive views.
Hedemora Gamla Theater
Teaterladan (The barn theatre), officially Hedemora Gamla Theater (old Swedish spelling of "Old Theatre of Hedemora"), is a theatre and a listed building in Hedemora, Dalarna County, Sweden. It was built somewhere between 1826 and 1829 as a combined barn and theatre in three floors, with the stage and dressing rooms at the top and the storage area at the two lower floors. The first performance at the stage was a play performed by A. P. Bergmans Sällskap on February 1, 1829. From 1888 to 1910 the building was rented by the Salvation Army. When they moved, the building was left unused until 1946, when Hedemora celebrated 500 years as a stad. It was restored, and dedicated by the Crown Prince Couple Gustaf Adolf and Louise on June 20, 1946.

Question: Name the husband of Louise Mountbatten (previously Princess Louise of Battenberg) for whom the Teaterladan or barn theatre in Sweden was jointly restored?
Answer: Gustaf VI Adolf
Pesticide
In general, a pesticide is a chemical (such as carbamate) or biological agent (such as a virus, bacterium, or fungus) that deters, incapacitates, kills, or otherwise discourages pests. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, molluscs, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that destroy property, cause nuisance, or spread disease, or are disease vectors. Along with these benefits, pesticides also have drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other species.

Question: What are pesticides meant to prevent?
Answer: destroy property, cause nuisance, or spread disease, or are disease vectors
Teachta Dála
A Teachta Dála ( , ] ( ) plural ), abbreviated as TD (plural TDanna in Irish or TDs in English) is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas (the Irish Parliament). It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" (MP) or "Member of Congress" used in other countries. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", although a more literal translation is "Assembly Delegate".
Teachta Dála
For electoral purposes, the Republic of Ireland is divided into areas known as constituencies, each of which elects three, four, or five TDs. Under the Constitution, every 20,000 to 30,000 people must be represented by at least one TD. A candidate to become a TD must be an Irish citizen and over 21 years of age. Members of the judiciary, the Garda Síochána, and the Defence Forces are disqualified from membership of the Dáil.
Barry Cogan (politician)
Barry Cogan (born 27 September 1936) is a retired Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for 4 years and a Senator for less than one year.

Question: how is Barry Cogan and Teachta Dála connected?
Answer: Irish
Religion in ancient Rome
Just as Rome itself claimed the favour of the gods, so did some individual Romans. In the mid-to-late Republican era, and probably much earlier, many of Rome's leading clans acknowledged a divine or semi-divine ancestor and laid personal claim to their favour and cult, along with a share of their divinity. Most notably in the very late Republic, the Julii claimed Venus Genetrix as ancestor; this would be one of many foundations for the Imperial cult. The claim was further elaborated and justified in Vergil's poetic, Imperial vision of the past.

Question: What style of claim did Romans favor as a link to the gods?
Answer: personal claim
Dean Silvers
Dean Silvers was born in Brooklyn, New York and currently resides in Manhattan, New York with his wife, Marlen Hecht, and their two sons, Forrest Silvers and Tyler Silvers.
Dean Silvers
He produced "Flirting with Disaster", "Manny & Lo", and "Spanking the Monkey", which won the Audience Award at the Sundance Film Festival and two Independent Spirit Awards.
Edward Sloman
Edward Sloman (19 July 1886, London - 29 September 1972, Woodland Hills, California) was an English silent film director, actor, screenwriter and radio broadcaster. He directed over 100 films and starred in over 30 films as an actor between 1913 and 1938.

Question: Are Edward Sloman and Dean Silvers both directors?
Answer: yes
CBC Television
On November 30, 2010, CBC's senior director of regulatory affairs issued a letter to the CRTC regarding CBC's plans for transitioning to digital. The letter states, "CBC/Radio-Canada will not be converting its analogue retransmitters in mandatory markets to digital after August 31, 2011." On December 16, 2010, some months after the CRTC issued a bulletin reminding broadcasters that analog transmitters had to be shut off by the deadline in mandatory markets, the CBC revised the documents accompanying its August 6, 2010 news release to state that it had the money for and is striving to transition all 27 transmitters by August 31, 2011.

Question: On what date did CBC say it was striving to update its analogue transmitters by?
Answer: August 31, 2011
University of Denver
The University of Denver (DU) is a private research university in Denver, Colorado. Founded in 1864, it is the oldest independent private university in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. DU enrolls approximately 5,700 undergraduate students and 7,200 graduate students. The 125 acre main campus is a designated arboretum and is located primarily in the University Neighborhood, about five miles (8 km) south of downtown Denver.
Robert Earl Roeder
Robert Earl Roeder (16 May 1931 – 15 November 1998) was a historian and academic administrator who was one of the founders of the World History Association. He was also a founder of the American Issues Forum of the American Bicentennial. Roeder held positions at Harvard, the University of Chicago, and the University of Denver.

Question: Which historian held positions in the oldest independent private university in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States?
Answer: Robert Earl Roeder
Eton College
The primary responsibility for a boy's studies lies with his House Master, but he is assisted by an additional director of studies, known as a tutor. Classes, formally known as "divisions" ("divs"), are organised on a School basis; the classrooms are separate from the houses. New blocks of classrooms have appeared every decade or so since New Schools, designed by Henry Woodyer and built 1861–63. Despite the introduction of modern technology, the external appearance and locations of many of the classrooms have remained unchanged for a long time. The oldest classroom still in use, "Lower School", dates from the 15th century.

Question: Who designed the learning buildings at Eton?
Answer: Henry Woodyer
Black people
By that time, the majority of black people in the United States were native-born, so the use of the term "African" became problematic. Though initially a source of pride, many blacks feared that the use of African as an identity would be a hindrance to their fight for full citizenship in the US. They also felt that it would give ammunition to those who were advocating repatriating black people back to Africa. In 1835, black leaders called upon Black Americans to remove the title of "African" from their institutions and replace it with "Negro" or "Colored American". A few institutions chose to keep their historic names, such as the African Methodist Episcopal Church. African Americans popularly used the terms "Negro" or "colored" for themselves until the late 1960s.

Question: What terms did African Americans use instead?
Answer: "Negro" or "colored"
NinjaTel Van
The NinjaTel Van is a 2001 Ford Econoline E250 van, designed and converted by Bob "saberfire" Bristow and Colleen "Phar" Campbell into the base of operation for NinjaTel. From July 26 to July 29, 2012 the Ninja Networks team created and operated a mobile cell phone network from a van placed in the Vendor area of DEF CON 20, at the Rio Hotel/Casino in Las Vegas, and the Ninja Party, at Rumor Boutique Hotel in Las Vegas. NinjaTel served a small network of 650 GSM phones using custom SIM cards.
Ford E-Series
The Ford E-Series (also known as the Ford Econoline and Ford Club Wagon throughout various stages of its production) is a range of full-size vans produced by the American automaker Ford. Introduced for the 1961 model year as the replacement for the Ford F-series panel van, the model line is in its fourth generation. Previously produced as a cargo van and passenger van, the E-Series is currently offered as a cutaway van chassis and stripped chassis (a chassis without bodywork).

Question: What was the first year the NinjaTel van's model released?
Answer: 1961
On the Origin of Species
Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript for his "big book" on "Natural Selection", when on 18 June 1858 he received a parcel from Wallace, who stayed on the Maluku Islands (Ternate and Gilolo). It enclosed twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism, a response to Darwin's recent encouragement, with a request to send it on to Lyell if Darwin thought it worthwhile. The mechanism was similar to Darwin's own theory. Darwin wrote to Lyell that "your words have come true with a vengeance, ... forestalled" and he would "of course, at once write and offer to send [it] to any journal" that Wallace chose, adding that "all my originality, whatever it may amount to, will be smashed". Lyell and Hooker agreed that a joint publication putting together Wallace's pages with extracts from Darwin's 1844 Essay and his 1857 letter to Gray should be presented at the Linnean Society, and on 1 July 1858, the papers entitled "On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection", by Wallace and Darwin respectively, were read out but drew little reaction. While Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection, historians have pointed out differences. Darwin described natural selection as being analogous to the artificial selection practised by animal breeders, and emphasised competition between individuals; Wallace drew no comparison to selective breeding, and focused on ecological pressures that kept different varieties adapted to local conditions. Some historians have suggested that Wallace was actually discussing group selection rather than selection acting on individual variation.

Question: Who wrote the paper, On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties?
Answer: Darwin
Svetlana Kuznetsova
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova (Russian: , ] ( ) ; born 27 June 1985) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has appeared in four Grand Slam singles finals, winning two, and has also appeared in seven doubles finals, winning twice. As a doubles player, Kuznetsova has reached the finals of each Grand Slam event at least once, winning the Australian Open twice.
Svetlana Kuznetsova
Born to an athletic family, Kuznetsova moved at the age of seven to Spain to attend the Sanchez-Casal Academy. In 2001, she first took part in a WTA tournament, the Madrid Open, and a year later won her first WTA title at the Nordea Nordic Light Open in Helsinki, Finland. Her first appearance in a Grand Slam tournament was at the 2002 Australian Open and her first Grand Slam title came at the 2004 US Open over countrywoman Elena Dementieva, making her the third Russian woman to win a Grand Slam title, after Anastasia Myskina and Maria Sharapova. Kuznetsova's second Grand Slam title was the 2009 French Open, defeating compatriot Dinara Safina in the final in straight sets. At the 2006 French Open and the 2007 US Open singles tournament she was the runner-up, both times to Belgian player Justine Henin. As a result, Kuznetsova obtained a career-high No. 2 WTA ranking, holding that position for 24 weeks in 2007 and 2008. Since the 2010 season, Kuznetsova lost her top 10 position and even dropped down to a year-end ranking of 72 in 2012, until recovering in 2016, when she progressed to the top ten and reached the semifinals of the WTA Finals, her best result in that tournament to date.
Julien Benneteau
Julien Henry Guy Benneteau-Desgrois (] ; born 20 December 1981) is a French retired professional tennis player. His career-high singles ranking is ATP world no. 25, which he reached in November 2014. He formerly resided in Boulogne-Billancourt and now lives in Geneva. Benneteau did not win a singles title, although he finished as runner-up in ten ATP tournaments (holding match point in the 2013 Kuala Lumpur final). He reached the quarterfinals of the 2006 French Open and the semifinals of the 2014 Cincinnati Masters and 2017 Paris Masters (the latter as a wildcard).

Question: Q1: Which tennis player has won more ranked matches, Svetlana Kuznetsova or Julien Benneteau? A1: Svetlana Kuznetsova
Answer: Svetlana Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova
Santa Monica, California
Santa Monica has a bike action plan and launched a bicycle sharing system in November 2015. The city is traversed by the Marvin Braude Bike Trail. Santa Monica has received the Bicycle Friendly Community Award (Bronze in 2009, Silver in 2013) by the League of American Bicyclists. Local bicycle advocacy organizations include Santa Monica Spoke, a local chapter of the Los Angeles County Bicycle Coalition. Santa Monica is thought to be one of the leaders for bicycle infrastructure and programming in Los Angeles County although cycling infrastructure in Los Angeles County in general remains very poor compared to other major cities.

Question: What is the name of the bike trail that goes through Santa Monica?
Answer: Marvin Braude
Northwestern University
Many students are involved in community service in one form or another. Annual events include Dance Marathon, a thirty-hour event that raised more than a million dollars for charity in 2011; and Project Pumpkin, a Halloween celebration hosted by the Northwestern Community Development Corps (NCDC) to which more than 800 local children are invited for an afternoon of games and sweets. NCDC's work is to connect hundreds of student volunteers to some twenty volunteer sites in Evanston and Chicago throughout the year. Many students have assisted with the Special Olympics and have taken alternative spring break trips to hundreds of service sites across the United States. Northwestern students also participate in the Freshman Urban Program, a program for students interested in community service. A large and growing number of students participate in the university's Global Engagement Studies Institute (GESI), a group service-learning expedition in Asia, Africa, or Latin America, in conjunction with the Foundation for Sustainable Development. Several internationally recognized non-profit organizations have originated at Northwestern including the World Health Imaging, Informatics and Telemedicine Alliance, a spin-off from an engineering student's honors thesis.

Question: What does NCDC stand for?
Answer: Northwestern Community Development Corps
Beihai
Beihai () is a prefecture-level city in the south of Guangxi, People's Republic of China. Its status as a seaport on the north shore of the Gulf of Tonkin has granted it historical importance as a port of international trade for Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan. Between the years 2006 and 2020, Beihai is predicted to be the world's fastest growing city. Beihai has a large shipyard, but most of the money generated in the city is derived from trade.
Yizhou District, Hechi
Yizhou (), formerly Yishan County (宜山县), is a district under the administration of Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.

Question: What is growing faster, Beihai or Yizhou District, Hechi?
Answer: Beihai
2012 United States Senate election in Michigan
The 2012 United States Senate election in Michigan was held on November 6, 2012, alongside a presidential election, other elections to the United States Senate in other states, as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow was re-elected to a third term after being unopposed in the Democratic primary. The Republican nominee was former Congressman Pete Hoekstra. Stabenow defeated Hoekstra by a landslide 21% margin and by almost one million votes.
Pete Hoekstra
Cornelis Pieter "Pete" Hoekstra ( ; born October 30, 1953) is a Dutch-American politician serving as the United States Ambassador to the Netherlands since January 10, 2018. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the U.S. Representative for Michigan's 2nd congressional district from 1993 to 2011.
Pete Hoekstra
Born in the Netherlands, Hoekstra immigrated to the United States as a child. In 1992, Hoekstra ran for the U.S. House, defeating thirteen-term incumbent Guy Vander Jagt in the Republican primary and Democratic opponent John H. Miltner in the general election. Hoekstra was the chairman of the House Intelligence Committee from 2004 to 2007. He was a candidate for governor in Michigan's 2010 gubernatorial election, but came in second to Rick Snyder in the Republican primary. Hoekstra was also a candidate for the United States Senate in 2012, losing to Democratic incumbent Debbie Stabenow in the general election.

Question: During United States Senate election in Michigan, 2012, the Republican party nominated this politician who represented Michigan's which district from in 1995?
Answer: Michigan's 2nd congressional district
Bird
Calls are used for a variety of purposes, including mate attraction, evaluation of potential mates, bond formation, the claiming and maintenance of territories, the identification of other individuals (such as when parents look for chicks in colonies or when mates reunite at the start of breeding season), and the warning of other birds of potential predators, sometimes with specific information about the nature of the threat. Some birds also use mechanical sounds for auditory communication. The "Coenocorypha" snipes of New Zealand drive air through their feathers, woodpeckers drum for long-distance communication, and palm cockatoos use tools to drum.

Question: Which birds drum territorially?
Answer: woodpeckers
Predation
Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.

Question: What is the driving force for maintaining an equilibrium within an ecosystem?
Answer: biodiversity
Conquering Dystopia
Conquering Dystopia is an American instrumental technical death metal supergroup founded by solo guitarist Keith Merrow and Arch Enemy guitarist Jeff Loomis.
Conquering Dystopia
In early 2013 solo guitarist Keith Merrow announced via his Facebook page that he and former Nevermore guitarist Jeff Loomis would record an album together. In July 2013 Merrow and Loomis, now going by the name Conquering Dystopia, launched a crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo in order to fund the recording of the album and also announced that the band's lineup would also feature Cannibal Corpse bassist Alex Webster and former The Faceless drummer Alex Rüdinger. The campaign goal of $15,000 was reached in less than 24 hours.
Jeff Loomis
Jeff Loomis (born September 14, 1971) is an American musician, best known for his role as lead guitarist in the progressive metal band Nevermore. In November 2014, it was announced he was to be the new guitarist for Swedish melodic death metal band Arch Enemy.

Question: Conquering Dystopia is an instrumental metal supergroup founded by Keith Merrow and a former Nevermore guitarist born in what year? 
Answer: 1971
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan ( , ; ] ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan ( ] ), is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west and Iran to the south. The exclave of Nakhchivan is bounded by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and has an long border with Turkey in the northwest.
Lankaran International Airport
Lankaran International Airport ( ) is an airport serving Lankaran, a city in Azerbaijan in the south-east of Azerbaijan. Reconstruction of the Lankaran airport started in 2005 and finished in 2008, when the Lankaran airport received the status of an international airport.

Question: What republic in the South Caucasus region is Lankaran International Airport located?
Answer: Azerbaijan
Data compression
If the data to be compressed is analog (such as a voltage that varies with time), quantization is employed to digitize it into numbers (normally integers). This is referred to as analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion. If the integers generated by quantization are 8 bits each, then the entire range of the analog signal is divided into 256 intervals and all the signal values within an interval are quantized to the same number. If 16-bit integers are generated, then the range of the analog signal is divided into 65,536 intervals.

Question: What has to be compressed in order to perform properly? 
Answer: data
Ocean Springs, Mississippi
Ocean Springs is a city in Jackson County, Mississippi, United States, approximately 2 mi east of Biloxi and west of Gautier. It is part of the Pascagoula, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 17,225 at the 2000 U.S. Census. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the city of Ocean Springs had a population of 17,442.
Biloxi Bay Bridge
The Biloxi Bay Bridge is a bridge in the U.S. state of Mississippi which carries U.S. Route 90 (US 90) over Biloxi Bay between Biloxi and Ocean Springs. Though the bridge's ballast and accompanying railroad track was heavily damaged by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, the structure remained and subsequently underwent major repairs. It reopened to traffic on November 1, 2007. The span carries 6 lanes of traffic as well as a 12 ft path for pedestrians and bicyclists on the Gulf side of the bridge.

Question: Biloxi Bay Bridge is over a city in Jackson County which has a population of how many in 2000?
Answer: 17,225
Ampelopsis
Ampelopsis, commonly known as peppervine or porcelainberry, is a genus of climbing shrubs, in the grape family Vitaceae. The name is derived from the ("ampelos"), which means "vine". The genus was named in 1803. It is disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and eastern North America extending to Mexico. "Ampelopsis" is primarily found in mountainous regions in temperate zones with some species in montane forests at mid-altitudes in subtropical to tropical regions. "Ampelopsis glandulosa" is a popular garden plant and an invasive weed.
Edithcolea
Edithcolea is a monotypic genus with a single species Edithcolea grandis (Persian carpet flower). Once classified in the family Asclepiadaceae, it is now in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae of the dogbane family Apocynaceae. It is native to Africa and to the Arabian Peninsula.

Question: Are both Ampelopsis and Edithcolea types of plants?
Answer: yes
Highway 1 (Afghanistan)
National Highway 01 or NH01, formally called the Ring Road ( ; ), is an ancient 2,200 km two-lane road network circulating inside Afghanistan, connecting the following major cities (clockwise): Kabul, Maidan Shar, Ghazni, Kandahar, Delaram, Herat, Maymana, Sheberghan, Mazari Sharif, Puli Khumri and back to Kabul. It was originally built and maintained by the Mauryan Empire, and is well documented in Greek and Buddhist sources from the 4th century BCE onward. An important arterial road for the region, it fell occasionally into disrepair but never into disuse; many rulers who held sway over sections of the road are known to have renovated it over and over again, and these include Sher Shah Suri, the Mughal Empire and the British Empire. It has extensions that also connect Jalalabad, Bamyan, Khost, Lashkargah, Zaranj (Route 606), Farah, Islam Qala, Torghundi, and Kunduz. It is part of AH1, the longest route of the Asian Highway Network. National Highway 01 is broken up into four major sections, NH0101-0104, linking the major economic centers of Afghanistan.
Highway 1 (Afghanistan)
Part of National Highway 1 has been refurbished since late 2003, particularly the Kabul–Kandahar Highway, with funds provided by the United States, Saudi Arabia and others. Most work on that stretch was done by Turkish, Indian and local companies. Japanese companies were also involved near the southern Afghan province of Kandahar. In the west, Iran participated in the two-lane road construction between Islam Qala and the western Afghan city of Herat. Pakistan rebuilt the Jalalabad–Kabul Road.
Kandahar–Herat Highway
The Kandahar–Herat Highway is 557 km section of road that links the cities of Kandahar and Herat in Afghanistan. This highway is part of a larger road network, the "Ring Road", and was first constructed by the Soviets in the 1960s. The Kandahar-Herat Highway is made up of two sections of "National Highway 1": NH0101 runs from Kandahar to Girishk, and NH0102 runs from Girishk to Herat.

Question: Highway 1 and the Kandahar–Herat Highway are both located in what country?
Answer: Afghanistan
Queen Victoria
On 17 March 1883, Victoria fell down some stairs at Windsor, which left her lame until July; she never fully recovered and was plagued with rheumatism thereafter. Brown died 10 days after her accident, and to the consternation of her private secretary, Sir Henry Ponsonby, Victoria began work on a eulogistic biography of Brown. Ponsonby and Randall Davidson, Dean of Windsor, who had both seen early drafts, advised Victoria against publication, on the grounds that it would stoke the rumours of a love affair. The manuscript was destroyed. In early 1884, Victoria did publish "More Leaves from a Journal of a Life in the Highlands", a sequel to her earlier book, which she dedicated to her "devoted personal attendant and faithful friend John Brown". On the day after the first anniversary of Brown's death, Victoria was informed by telegram that her youngest son, Leopold, had died in Cannes. He was "the dearest of my dear sons", she lamented. The following month, Victoria's youngest child, Beatrice, met and fell in love with Prince Henry of Battenberg at the wedding of Victoria's granddaughter Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine to Henry's brother Prince Louis of Battenberg. Beatrice and Henry planned to marry, but Victoria opposed the match at first, wishing to keep Beatrice at home to act as her companion. After a year, she was won around to the marriage by their promise to remain living with and attending her.

Question: Who did Queen Victoria write a biography about that was never published? 
Answer: John Brown
Muslim world
Advances were made in irrigation and farming, using new technology such as the windmill. Crops such as almonds and citrus fruit were brought to Europe through al-Andalus, and sugar cultivation was gradually adopted by the Europeans. Arab merchants dominated trade in the Indian Ocean until the arrival of the Portuguese in the 16th century. Hormuz was an important center for this trade. There was also a dense network of trade routes in the Mediterranean, along which Muslim-majority countries traded with each other and with European powers such as Venice, Genoa and Catalonia. The Silk Road crossing Central Asia passed through Islamic states between China and Europe. The emergence of major economic empires with technological resources after the conquests of Timur (Tamerlane) and the resurgence of the Timurid Renaissance include the Mali Empire and the India's Bengal Sultanate in particular, a major global trading nation in the world, described by the Europeans to be the "richest country to trade with".

Question: When did the Portuguese arrive in the Indian Ocean?
Answer: 16th century
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census
The biggest change in this census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded as "Negro," no matter the fraction of that lineage (the "one-drop rule"). A person of mixed black and American Indian ancestry was also to be recorded as "Neg" (for "Negro") unless he was considered to be "predominantly" American Indian and accepted as such within the community. A person with both white and American Indian ancestry was to be recorded as an Indian, unless his American Indian ancestry was small, and he was accepted as white within the community. In all situations in which a person had white and some other racial ancestry, he was to be reported as that other race. People who had minority interracial ancestry were to be reported as the race of their father.

Question: What were people that had black and white ancestor classified as in this census? 
Answer: Negro