Both al-Nawawi and Imam Bahouti argued that this concept's fard kifaya, or community duties, include knowledge of divine law and da'wa.
Both al-Nawawi and Imam Bahouti argued that this concept's fard kifaya, or community duties, include knowledge of divine law and da'wa. Ibn Rushd divided this concept into four types, including one form "by the tongue" that encompasses dua, or invoking God's name. In one hadith, Muhammad distinguished between the "lesser" form of this concept and the "greater", nafsah, form against the self and the ego. Bernard (*) Lewis has argued that the "greater" form of this concept is not peaceful resistance against the non-Muslim world but really this concept "by the sword", including military violence and contemporary Islamic terrorism. For 10 points, identify this Arabic term for "struggle", that is often used to mean Islamic holy war.
Both al-Nawawi and Imam Bahouti argued that this concept's fard kifaya, or community duties, include knowledge of divine law and da'wa.
jihad