The f-electrons of these elements do not penetrate to the outer part of the atom and there is no f-orbital participation in bonding, and the few coordination compounds they form almost always contain M 3+ ions.
The f-electrons of these elements do not penetrate to the outer part of the atom and there is no f-orbital participation in bonding, and the few coordination compounds they form almost always contain M 3+ ions. Yttrium and scandium are usually included in these elements which all possess a 6s2 configuration, and the increasing nuclear charge in the series gives rise to the contraction of the same name. FTP, what are these elements generally considered to range in proton number from cerium to lutetium and named for element 57?
The f-electrons of these elements do not penetrate to the outer part of the atom and there is no f-orbital participation in bonding, and the few coordination compounds they form almost always contain M 3+ ions.
lanthanoids or lanthanides or lanthanons or rare-earth elements