The propagation of these objects through the heliosphere is typically modeled using a radial diffusion coefficient that depends on the spiral angle of the interplanetary field to the sun's radius vector.
The propagation of these objects through the heliosphere is typically modeled using a radial diffusion coefficient that depends on the spiral angle of the interplanetary field to the sun's radius vector. An anomalous variant of these objects appears to have been discovered by the AGASA experiment, and spallation reactions with these objects are thought to be responsible for light-element nucleosynthesis. At energies above 10 to the 19 electron-volts, these particles begin to scatter against CMB photons; this fact, manifested as the so-called "knee" in their energy spectrum, places an upper limit on the energies of these particles from extragalactic sources, known as the GZK cutoff. The activity of these particles undergoes an 11-year cycle modulated by solar activity. Primarily composed of protons and other charged nuclei, for 10 points, identify these energetic particles from space.
The propagation of these objects through the heliosphere is typically modeled using a radial diffusion coefficient that depends on the spiral angle of the interplanetary field to the sun's radius vector.
cosmic rays