Most Christian chroniclers and historians through the 19th century, including Edward Gibbon, thought  this battle of macrohistorical importance, many modern historians, however, believe that the Muslim army  under Abdul al-Rahman was nothing more than raiding party returning from profitable plunder at the  monastery of St. Martin in southwest France.
Most Christian chroniclers and historians through the 19th century, including Edward Gibbon, thought  this battle of macrohistorical importance, many modern historians, however, believe that the Muslim army  under Abdul al-Rahman was nothing more than raiding party returning from profitable plunder at the  monastery of St. Martin in southwest France. Tactically, this battle was notable in that the Franks used  only well-disciplined infantry, rather than the knightly cavalry that was being developed at the time and  would later characterize the medieval French army. Marking the highwater mark of Islamic expamsion  into Europe, FTP, name this 732 battle that paved the way for the Carolingian empire and was won by  Charles Martel.
Most Christian chroniclers and historians through the 19th century, including Edward Gibbon, thought  this battle of macrohistorical importance, many modern historians, however, believe that the Muslim army  under Abdul al-Rahman was nothing more than raiding party returning from profitable plunder at the  monastery of St. Martin in southwest France.
Battle of Tours (or Poitier)  2