It is a significant factor in the extremely close chemical similarity of zirconium and hafnium, and also results in the typical presence of each rare- earth element in most rare-earth minerals.
It is a significant factor in the extremely close chemical similarity of zirconium and hafnium, and also results in the typical presence of each rare- earth element in most rare-earth minerals. It results from the imperfect shielding from nuclear charge provided by 4f electrons, leading heavy atoms like ytterbium and lutetium to have smaller size than lighter elements like cerium and promethium. FTP, what is this phenomenon, the steady decrease in the size of the namesake series of atoms?
It is a significant factor in the extremely close chemical similarity of zirconium and hafnium, and also results in the typical presence of each rare- earth element in most rare-earth minerals.
lanthanide contraction