A 1972 paper by Melvin Page and Patrick Bennett analyzes a note carved into a pair of sandals by this man, which mentions the Englishman "Mr. Ward," to examine the controversy over whether he spoke Arabic.
A 1972 paper by Melvin Page and Patrick Bennett analyzes a note carved into a pair of sandals by this man, which mentions the Englishman "Mr. Ward," to examine the controversy over whether he spoke Arabic. This man fought alongside his father in a tax revolt against Manua Sera. After acquiring financing from Tarya Topan, this man went on a twelve-year expedition around Maniema, then established a new base at Kasongo. After attacking the Tabwa over a dispute with Chief Nsama, he began investing his money in clove plantations.  Agents of this man escorted Henry Stanley's expedition down the Lualaba River, and he made an 1882 deal to act as the local agent of the Sultan of Zanzibar. This man was given an onomatopoetic name after the sound of his guns, and his power waned after his son Sefu was killed fighting Belgian agents in the Congo in 1893. For 10 points, name this Swahili ivory and slave trader who controlled a large portion of East Africa.
A 1972 paper by Melvin Page and Patrick Bennett analyzes a note carved into a pair of sandals by this man, which mentions the Englishman "Mr. Ward," to examine the controversy over whether he spoke Arabic.
Tippu Tip [or Muhammad bin Hamed]