ความเร็วเสียงของธาตุ (หน้าข้อมูล)

== ความเร็วของเสียง, เฟสของแข็ง ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
! !! longitudinal, m/s !! transversal, m/s !! extensional, m/s !! notes
|-
! colspan = "5" |  3 Li lithium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 6000 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 6000 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  4 Be beryllium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 12890 || 8880 || 12870 || room temperature
|-
| CRC || 12890 || 8880 || 12870 ||
|-
| WEL || || || 13000 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  5 B boron
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 16200 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 16200 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  6 C carbon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use ||
|-
| WEL || || || 18350 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  11 Na sodium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3200 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3200 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  12 Mg magnesium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 5770 || 3050 || 4940 || room temperature, annealed
|-
| CRC || 5770 || 3050 || 4940 || annealed
|-
| WEL || || || 4602 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  13 Al aluminium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 6420 || 3040 || 5000 || room temperature, rolled
|-
| CRC || 6420 || 3040 || 5000 || rolled
|-
| WEL || || || 5100 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  14 Si silicon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2200 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2200 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  19 K potassium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2000 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2000 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  20 Ca calcium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3810 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3810 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  22 Ti titanium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 6070 || 3125 || 5090 || room temperature
|-
| CRC || 6070 || 3125 || 5090 ||
|-
| WEL || || || 4140 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  23 V vanadium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 4560 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 4560 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  24 Cr chromium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 5940 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 5940 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  25 Mn manganese
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 5150 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 5150 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  26 Fe iron
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 5950 || 3240 || 5120 || room temperature, electrolytic
|-
| CRC || 4994 || 2809 || 4480 || cast
|-
| CRC || 5950 || 3240 || 5120 || electrolytic
|-
| CRC || 5960 || 3240 || 5200 || Armco
|-
| WEL || || || 4910 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  27 Co cobalt
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 4720 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 4720 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  28 Ni nickel
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 6040 || 3000 || 4900 || room temperature
|-
| CRC || 6040 || 3000 || 4900 ||
|-
| WEL || || || 4970 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  29 Cu copper
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 4760 || 2325 || 3810 || room temperature, annealed
|-
| CRC || 4760 || 2325 || 3810 || annealed
|-
| CRC || 5010 || 2270 || 3750 || rolled
|-
| WEL || || || 3570 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  30 Zn zinc
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 4210 || 2440 || 3850 || room temperature, rolled
|-
| CRC || 4210 || 2440 || 3850 || rolled
|-
| WEL || || || 3700 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  31 Ga gallium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2740 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2740 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  32 Ge germanium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 5400 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 5400 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  34 Se selenium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3350 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3350 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  37 Rb rubidium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 1300 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 1300 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  39 Y yttrium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3300 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3300 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  40 Zr zirconium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3800 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3800 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  41 Nb niobium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3480 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3480 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  42 Mo molybdenum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 6250 || 3350 || 5400 || room temperature
|-
| CRC || 6250 || 3350 || 5400 ||
|-
| WEL || || || 6190 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  44 Ru ruthenium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 5970 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 5970 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  45 Rh rhodium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 4700 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 4700 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  46 Pd palladium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3070 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3070 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  47 Ag silver
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 3650 || 1610 || 2680 || room temperature
|-
| CRC || 3650 || 1610 || 2680 ||
|-
| WEL || || || 2600 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  48 Cd cadmium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2310 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2310 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  49 In indium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 1215 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 1215 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  50 Sn tin
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 3320 || 1670 || 2730 || room temperature, rolled
|-
| CRC || 3320 || 1670 || 2730 || rolled
|-
| WEL || || || 2500 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  51 Sb antimony
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3420 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3420 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  52 Te tellurium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2610 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2610 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  56 Ba barium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 1620 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 1620 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  57 La lanthanum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2475 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2475 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  58 Ce cerium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2100 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2100 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  59 Pr praseodymium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2280 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2280 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  60 Nd neodymium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2330 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2330 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  62 Sm samarium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2130 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2130 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  64 Gd gadolinium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2680 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2680 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  65 Tb terbium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2620 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2620 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  66 Dy dysprosium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2710 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2710 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  67 Ho holmium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2760 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2760 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  68 Er erbium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2830 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2830 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  70 Yb ytterbium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 1590 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 1590 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  72 Hf hafnium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3010 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3010 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  73 Ta tantalum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3400 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3400 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  74 W tungsten
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 5220 || 2890 || 4620 || room temperature, annealed
|-
| CRC || 5220 || 2890 || 4620 || annealed
|-
| CRC || 5410 || 2640 || 4320 || drawn
|-
| WEL || || || 5174 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  75 Re rhenium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 4700 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 4700 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  76 Os osmium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 4940 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 4940 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  77 Ir iridium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 4825 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 4825 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  78 Pt platinum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 3260 || 1730 || 2800 || room temperature
|-
| CRC || 3260 || 1730 || 2800 ||
|-
| WEL || || || 2680 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  79 Au gold
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 3240 || 1200 || 2030 || room temperature, hard-drawn
|-
| CRC || 3240 || 1200 || 2030 || hard-drawn
|-
| WEL || || || 1740 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  81 Tl thallium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 818 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 818 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  82 Pb lead
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 2160 || 700 || 1190 || room temperature, annealed
|-
| CRC || 2160 || 700 || 1190 || annealed
|-
| CRC || 1960 || 690 || 1210 || rolled
|-
| WEL || || || 1260 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  83 Bi bismuth
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 1790 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 1790 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  90 Th thorium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2490 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2490 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  92 U uranium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 3155 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 3155 ||
|-
! colspan = "5" |  94 Pu plutonium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || || || 2260 || 20 °C
|-
| WEL || || || 2260 ||
|}
== Speed of sound, fluid phases ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
! !! m/s !! notes
|-
! colspan = "3" |  1 H hydrogen (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 1310 || 27 °C
|-
| CRC || 1310 || 27 °C
|-
| WEL || 1270
|-
| CRC || 890 || deuterium, 0 °C
|-
! colspan = "3" |  1 H hydrogen (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 1101 || -252.9 °C
|-
| CRC || 1101 || -252.9 °C
|-
! colspan = "3" |  2 He helium (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 965 || 0 °C
|-
| CRC || 965 || 0 °C
|-
| WEL || 970
|-
! colspan = "3" |  2 He helium (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 180 || -268.9 °C
|-
| CRC || 180 || -268.9 °C
|-
! colspan = "3" |  7 N nitrogen (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 353 || 27 °C
|-
| CRC || 353 || 27 °C
|-
| WEL || 333.6
|-
! colspan = "3" |  7 N nitrogen (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 939 || -195.8 °C
|-
| CRC || 939 || -195.8 °C
|-
! colspan = "3" |  8 O oxygen (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 330 || 27 °C
|-
| CRC || 330 || 27 °C
|-
| WEL || 317.5
|-
! colspan = "3" |  8 O oxygen (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 906 || -183.0 °C
|-
| CRC || 906 || -183.0 °C
|-
! colspan = "3" |  10 Ne neon (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 435 || 0 °C
|-
| CRC || 435 || 0 °C
|-
| WEL || 936 (presumably for liquid?)
|-
! colspan = "3" |  17 Cl chlorine (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 206 || 0 °C
|-
| CRC || 206 || 0 °C
|-
| WEL || 206
|-
! colspan = "3" |  18 Ar argon (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 323 || 27 °C
|-
| CRC || 323 || 27 °C
|-
| WEL || 319
|-
! colspan = "3" |  18 Ar argon (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 813 || -185.9 °C
|-
| CRC || 813 || -185.9 °C
|-
! colspan = "3" |  36 Kr krypton (gas)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (220) || 23 °C
|-
| talk || 220 &plusmn; 1, prelim. experimental value || 23 °C, 101.3 kPa
|-
! colspan = "3" |  36 Kr krypton (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 1120
|-
| 88RAB || 1120
|-
| WEL || 1120
|-
! colspan = "3" |  54 Xe xenon (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 1090
|-
| 88RAB || 1090
|-
| WEL || 1090
|-
! colspan = "3" |  80 Hg mercury (liquid)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 1451.4 || 20 °C
|-
| CR2 || 1460.8 || 0 °C
|-
| CR2 || 1451.4 || 20 °C
|-
| CRC || 1450 || 25 °C
|-
| WEL || 1407
|}
== Notes ==
Ref. CRC: Values are "at room temperature" unless noted, and "for normal atmospheric pressure" ("at 1 atm" for gases).
Ref. WEL: Values refer to 293 K "where possible". Mid point values are substituted if ranges were given in their original reference. Not specified further, it is assumed from the values that all (except fluids) are for the speed of sound in a thin rod.
== อ้างอิง ==
=== WEL ===
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from this source:
G.V. Samsonov (Ed.) in Handbook of the physicochemical properties of the elements, IFI-Plenum, New York, USA, 1968.
=== CRC ===
As quoted from various sources in an online version of:
David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 14, Geophysics, Astronomy, and Acoustics; Speed of Sound in Various Media
=== CR2 ===
As quoted from this source in an online version of: David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Thermal Properties of Mercury
Vukalovich, M. P., et al., Thermophysical Properties of Mercury, Moscow Standard Press, 1971.
=== อื่นๆ ===
88RAB: V.A. Rabinovich, et al. Thermophysical Properties of Neon, Argon, Krypton and Xenon. Selover (Eng. ed.) Hemisphere, Washington DC, 1988.
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