ความร้อนที่ทำให้เกิดการระเหยของธาตุ (หน้าข้อมูล)

== ความร้อนที่ทำให้เกิดการระเหย ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
! !! kJ/mol
|-
! colspan = "2" |  1 H hydrogen (H2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (H2) 0.904
|-
| CRC || (H2) 0.90
|-
| LNG || 0.904
|-
! colspan = "2" |  2 He helium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 0.0829
|-
| CRC || 0.08
|-
| LNG || 0.0829
|-
| WEL || 0.083
|-
! colspan = "2" |  3 Li lithium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 147.1
|-
| LNG || 147.1
|-
| WEL || 147
|-
! colspan = "2" |  4 Be beryllium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 297
|-
| LNG || 297
|-
| WEL || 297
|-
! colspan = "2" |  5 B boron
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 480
|-
| CRC || 480
|-
| LNG || 480
|-
| WEL || 507
|-
! colspan = "2" |  6 C carbon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use ||
|-
| WEL || (sublimation) 715
|-
! colspan = "2" |  7 N nitrogen (N2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (N2) 5.57
|-
| CRC || (N2) 5.57
|-
| LNG || (N2) 5.577
|-
| WEL || (per mole N atoms) 2.79
|-
! colspan = "2" |  8 O oxygen (O2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (O2) 6.82
|-
| CRC || (O2) 6.82
|-
| LNG || (O2) 6.820
|-
| WEL || (per mole O atoms) 3.41
|-
! colspan = "2" |  9 F fluorine (F2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (F2) 6.62
|-
| CRC || (F2) 6.62
|-
| LNG || (F2) 6.62
|-
| WEL || (per mole F atoms) 3.27
|-
! colspan = "2" |  10 Ne neon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 1.71
|-
| CRC || 1.71
|-
| LNG || 1.71
|-
| WEL || 1.75
|-
! colspan = "2" |  11 Na sodium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 97.42
|-
| LNG || 97.42
|-
| WEL || 97.7
|-
! colspan = "2" |  12 Mg magnesium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 128
|-
| LNG || 128
|-
| WEL || 128
|-
! colspan = "2" |  13 Al aluminium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 294.0
|-
| CRC || 294
|-
| LNG || 294.0
|-
| WEL || 293
|-
! colspan = "2" |  14 Si silicon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 359
|-
| LNG || 359
|-
| WEL || 359
|-
! colspan = "2" |  15 P phosphorus
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 12.4
|-
| CRC || 12.4
|-
| LNG || 12.4
|-
| WEL || 12.4
|-
! colspan = "2" |  16 S sulfur
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (mono) 45
|-
| CRC || 45
|-
| LNG || (mono) 45
|-
| WEL || 9.8
|-
! colspan = "2" |  17 Cl chlorine (Cl2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (Cl2) 20.41
|-
| CRC || (Cl2) 20.41
|-
| LNG || (Cl2) 20.41
|-
| WEL || (per mole Cl atoms) 10.2
|-
! colspan = "2" |  18 Ar argon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 6.43
|-
| CRC || 6.43
|-
| LNG || 6.43
|-
| WEL || 6.5
|-
! colspan = "2" |  19 K potassium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 76.90
|-
| LNG || 76.90
|-
| WEL || 76.9
|-
! colspan = "2" |  20 Ca calcium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 154.7
|-
| LNG || 154.7
|-
| WEL || 155
|-
! colspan = "2" |  21 Sc scandium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 332.7
|-
| LNG || 332.7
|-
| WEL || 318
|-
! colspan = "2" |  22 Ti titanium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 425
|-
| LNG || 425
|-
| WEL || 425
|-
! colspan = "2" |  23 V vanadium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 459
|-
| LNG || 459
|-
| WEL || 453
|-
! colspan = "2" |  24 Cr chromium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 339.5
|-
| LNG || 339.5
|-
| WEL || 339
|-
! colspan = "2" |  25 Mn manganese
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 221
|-
| LNG || 221
|-
| WEL || 220
|-
! colspan = "2" |  26 Fe iron
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 340
|-
| LNG || 340
|-
| WEL || 347
|-
! colspan = "2" |  27 Co cobalt
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 377
|-
| LNG || 377
|-
| WEL || 375
|-
! colspan = "2" |  28 Ni nickel
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 377.5
|-
| LNG || 377.5
|-
| WEL || 378
|-
! colspan = "2" |  29 Cu copper
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 300.4
|-
| LNG || 300.4
|-
| WEL || 300
|-
! colspan = "2" |  30 Zn zinc
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 123.6
|-
| LNG || 123.6
|-
| WEL || 119
|-
! colspan = "2" |  31 Ga gallium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 254
|-
| CRC || 254
|-
| LNG || 254
|-
| WEL || 256
|-
! colspan = "2" |  32 Ge germanium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 334
|-
| CRC || 334
|-
| LNG || 334
|-
| WEL || 334
|-
! colspan = "2" |  33 As arsenic
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use ||
|-
| WEL || 32.4 (sublimation)
|-
! colspan = "2" |  34 Se selenium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 95.48
|-
| CRC || 95.48
|-
| LNG || 95.48
|-
| WEL || 26
|-
! colspan = "2" |  35 Br bromine (Br2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (Br2) 29.96
|-
| CRC || (Br2) 29.96
|-
| LNG || (Br2) 29.96
|-
| WEL || (per mole Br atoms) 14.8
|-
! colspan = "2" |  36 Kr krypton
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 9.08
|-
| CRC || 9.08
|-
| LNG || 9.08
|-
| WEL || 9.02
|-
! colspan = "2" |  37 Rb rubidium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 75.77
|-
| LNG || 75.77
|-
| WEL || 72
|-
! colspan = "2" |  38 Sr strontium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 136.9
|-
| LNG || 136.9
|-
| WEL || 137
|-
! colspan = "2" |  39 Y yttrium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 365
|-
| LNG || 365
|-
| WEL || 380
|-
! colspan = "2" |  40 Zr zirconium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 573
|-
| LNG || 573
|-
| WEL || 580
|-
! colspan = "2" |  41 Nb niobium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 689.9
|-
| LNG || 689.9
|-
| WEL || 690
|-
! colspan = "2" |  42 Mo molybdenum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 617
|-
| LNG || 617
|-
| WEL || 600
|-
! colspan = "2" |  43 Tc technetium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 585.2
|-
| LNG || 585.2
|-
| WEL || 550
|-
! colspan = "2" |  44 Ru ruthenium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 591.6
|-
| LNG || 591.6
|-
| WEL || 580
|-
! colspan = "2" |  45 Rh rhodium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 494
|-
| LNG || 494
|-
| WEL || 495
|-
! colspan = "2" |  46 Pd palladium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 362
|-
| LNG || 362
|-
| WEL || 380
|-
! colspan = "2" |  47 Ag silver
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 258
|-
| LNG || 258
|-
| WEL || 255
|-
! colspan = "2" |  48 Cd cadmium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 99.87
|-
| CRC || 99.87
|-
| LNG || 99.9
|-
| WEL || 100
|-
! colspan = "2" |  49 In indium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 231.8
|-
| LNG || 231.8
|-
| WEL || 230
|-
! colspan = "2" |  50 Sn tin
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (white) 296.1
|-
| LNG || (white) 296.1
|-
| WEL || 290
|-
! colspan = "2" |  51 Sb antimony
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 193.43
|-
| LNG || 193.43
|-
| WEL || 68
|-
! colspan = "2" |  52 Te tellurium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 114.1
|-
| CRC || 114.1
|-
| LNG || 114.1
|-
| WEL || 48
|-
! colspan = "2" |  53 I iodine (I2)
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || (I2) 41.57
|-
| CRC || (I2) 41.57
|-
| LNG || (I2) 41.6
|-
| WEL || (per mole I atoms) 20.9
|-
! colspan = "2" |  54 Xe xenon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 12.64
|-
| CRC || 12.57
|-
| LNG || 12.64
|-
| WEL || 12.64
|-
! colspan = "2" |  55 Cs caesium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 63.9
|-
| LNG || 63.9
|-
| WEL || 65
|-
! colspan = "2" |  56 Ba barium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 140.3
|-
| CRC || 140
|-
| LNG || 140.3
|-
| WEL || 140
|-
! colspan = "2" |  57 La lanthanum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 402.1
|-
| LNG || 402.1
|-
| WEL || 400
|-
! colspan = "2" |  58 Ce cerium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 398
|-
| LNG || 398
|-
| WEL || 350
|-
! colspan = "2" |  59 Pr praseodymium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 331
|-
| LNG || 331
|-
| WEL || 330
|-
! colspan = "2" |  60 Nd neodymium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 289
|-
| LNG || 289
|-
| WEL || 285
|-
! colspan = "2" |  61 Pm promethium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 289
|-
| LNG || 289
|-
| WEL || 290
|-
! colspan = "2" |  62 Sm samarium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 165
|-
| LNG || 165
|-
| WEL || 175
|-
! colspan = "2" |  63 Eu europium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 176
|-
| LNG || 176
|-
| WEL || 175
|-
! colspan = "2" |  64 Gd gadolinium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 301.3
|-
| LNG || 301.3
|-
| WEL || 305
|-
! colspan = "2" |  65 Tb terbium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 293
|-
| LNG || 293
|-
| WEL || 295
|-
! colspan = "2" |  66 Dy dysprosium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 280
|-
| LNG || 280
|-
| WEL || 280
|-
! colspan = "2" |  67 Ho holmium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 265
|-
| LNG || 71
|-
| WEL || 265
|-
! colspan = "2" |  68 Er erbium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 280
|-
| LNG || 280
|-
| WEL || 285
|-
! colspan = "2" |  69 Tm thulium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 247
|-
| LNG || 247
|-
| WEL || 250
|-
! colspan = "2" |  70 Yb ytterbium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 159
|-
| LNG || 159
|-
| WEL || 160
|-
! colspan = "2" |  71 Lu lutetium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 414
|-
| LNG || 414
|-
| WEL || 415
|-
! colspan = "2" |  72 Hf hafnium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 571
|-
| LNG || 571
|-
| WEL || 630
|-
! colspan = "2" |  73 Ta tantalum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 732.8
|-
| LNG || 732.8
|-
| WEL || 735
|-
! colspan = "2" |  74 W tungsten
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 806.7
|-
| LNG || 806.7
|-
| WEL || 800
|-
! colspan = "2" |  75 Re rhenium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 704
|-
| LNG || 704
|-
| WEL || 705
|-
! colspan = "2" |  76 Os osmium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 738
|-
| LNG || 738
|-
| WEL || 630
|-
! colspan = "2" |  77 Ir iridium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 231.8
|-
| LNG || 231.8
|-
| WEL || 560
|-
! colspan = "2" |  78 Pt platinum
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 469
|-
| LNG || 469
|-
| WEL || 490
|-
! colspan = "2" |  79 Au gold
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 324
|-
| CRC || 324
|-
| LNG || 324
|-
| WEL || 330
|-
! colspan = "2" |  80 Hg mercury
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 59.11
|-
| CRC || 59.11
|-
| LNG || 59.1
|-
| WEL || 59.2
|-
! colspan = "2" |  81 Tl thallium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 165
|-
| LNG || 165
|-
| WEL || 165
|-
! colspan = "2" |  82 Pb lead
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 179.5
|-
| CRC || 179.5
|-
| LNG || 179.5
|-
| WEL || 178
|-
! colspan = "2" |  83 Bi bismuth
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 151
|-
| CRC || 151
|-
| LNG || 151
|-
| WEL || 160
|-
! colspan = "2" |  84 Po polonium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 102.91
|-
| LNG || 102.91
|-
| WEL || about 100
|-
! colspan = "2" |  85 At astatine
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || ca. 40
|-
| WEL || about 40
|-
! colspan = "2" |  86 Rn radon
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 18.10
|-
| LNG || 18.10
|-
| WEL || 17
|-
! colspan = "2" |  87 Fr francium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || ca. 65
|-
| WEL || about 65
|-
! colspan = "2" |  88 Ra radium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 113
|-
| LNG || 113
|-
| WEL || about 125
|-
! colspan = "2" |  89 Ac actinium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 400
|-
| WEL || 400
|-
! colspan = "2" |  90 Th thorium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 514
|-
| LNG || 514
|-
| WEL || 530
|-
! colspan = "2" |  91 Pa protactinium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 481
|-
| LNG || 481
|-
| WEL || 470
|-
! colspan = "2" |  92 U uranium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 417.1
|-
| LNG || 417.1
|-
| WEL || 420
|-
! colspan = "2" |  93 Np neptunium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 336
|-
| LNG || 336
|-
| WEL || 335
|-
! colspan = "2" |  94 Pu plutonium
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| use || 333.5
|-
| LNG || 333.5
|-
| WEL || 325
|}
== Notes ==
Values refer to the enthalpy change in the conversion of liquid to gas at the boiling point (normal, 101.325 kPa).
== อ้างอิง ==
CRC
* David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Enthalpy of Vaporization
LNG
* J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6, Thermodynamic Properties; Table 6.4, Heats of Fusion, Vaporization, and Sublimation and Specific Heat at Various Temperatures of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
WEL
http://www.webelements.com/ อ้างต้นฉบับ ได้แก่
* G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993.
* D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
* A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
* H. Ellis (Ed.) in Nuffield Advanced Science Book of Data, Longman, London, UK, 1972.
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