pwc-archive/papers-with-abstracts huggingface dataset:
CaricatureBooth: Data-Free Interactive Caricature Generation in a Photo Booth
Authors: Zhiyu Qu, Yunqi Miao, Zhensong Zhang, Jifei Song, Jiankang Deng, Yi-Zhe Song
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Caricature

    We present CaricatureBooth, a system that transforms caricature creation into a simple interactive experience -- as easy as using a photo booth! A key challenge in caricature generation is two-fold: the scarcity of high-quality caricature data and the difficulty in enabling precise creative control over the exaggeration process while maintaining identity. Prior approaches either require large-scale caricature and photo data or lack intuitive mechanisms for users to guide the deformation without losing identity. We address the data scarcity by synthesising training data through Thin Plate Spline (TPS) deformation of standard face images. For creative control, we design a Bezier curve interface where users can easily manipulate facial features, with these edits then driving TPS transformations at inference time. When combined with a pre-trained ID-preserving diffusion model, our system maintains both identity preservation and creative flexibility. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that CaricatureBooth achieves state-of-the-art quality while making the joy of caricature creation as accessible as taking a photo -- just walk in and walk out with your personalised caricature! Code is available at https://github.com/WinKawaks/CaricatureBooth.
Mamba4D: Efficient 4D Point Cloud Video Understanding with Disentangled Spatial-Temporal State Space Models
Authors: Jiuming Liu, Jinru Han, Lihao Liu, Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero, Chaokang Jiang, Zhe Liu, Hesheng Wang
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Action Recognition, Action Segmentation, GPU, Mamba, point cloud video understanding, Semantic Segmentation, State Space Models, Video Understanding

    Point cloud videos can faithfully capture real-world spatial geometries and temporal dynamics, which are essential for enabling intelligent agents to understand the dynamically changing world. However, designing an effective 4D backbone remains challenging, mainly due to the irregular and unordered distribution of points and temporal inconsistencies across frames. Also, recent transformer-based 4D backbones commonly suffer from large computational costs due to their quadratic complexity, particularly for long video sequences. To address these challenges, we propose a novel point cloud video understanding backbone purely based on the State Space Models (SSMs). Specifically, we first disentangle space and time in 4D video sequences and then establish the spatio-temporal correlation with the unified spatial-temporal Mamba blocks. The Intra-frame Spatial Mamba module is developed to encode locally similar geometric structures within a certain temporal stride. Subsequently, locally correlated tokens are delivered to the Inter-frame Temporal Mamba module, which integrates long-term point features across the entire video with linear complexity. Our proposed Mamba4D achieves competitive performance on the MSR-Action3D action recognition (+10.4% accuracy), HOI4D action segmentation (+0.7 F1 Score), and Synthia4D semantic segmentation (+0.19 mIoU) datasets. Mamba4D also has a significant efficiency improvement, especially for long video sequences, with 87.5% GPU memory reduction and 5.36 times speed-up. Codes are released at https://github.com/IRMVLab/Mamba4D.
WAVE: Weight Templates for Adaptive Initialization of Variable-sized Models
Authors: Fu Feng, Yucheng Xie, Jing Wang, Xin Geng
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1

    The growing complexity of model parameters underscores the significance of pre-trained models. However, deployment constraints often necessitate models of varying sizes, exposing limitations in the conventional pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm, particularly when target model sizes are incompatible with pre-trained ones. To address this challenge, we propose WAVE, a novel approach that reformulates variable-sized model initialization from a multi-task perspective, where initializing each model size is treated as a distinct task. WAVE employs shared, size-agnostic weight templates alongside size-specific weight scalers to achieve consistent initialization across various model sizes. These weight templates, constructed within the Learngene framework, integrate knowledge from pre-trained models through a distillation process constrained by Kronecker-based rules. Target models are then initialized by concatenating and weighting these templates, with adaptive connection rules established by lightweight weight scalers, whose parameters are learned from minimal training data. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficiency of WAVE, achieving state-of-the-art performance in initializing models of various depth and width. The knowledge encapsulated in weight templates is also task-agnostic, allowing for seamless transfer across diverse downstream datasets. Code will be made available at https://github.com/fu-feng/WAVE.
Learning Heterogeneous Tissues with Mixture of Experts for Gigapixel Whole Slide Images
Authors: Junxian Wu, Minheng Chen, Xinyi Ke, Tianwang Xun, Xiaoming Jiang, HongYu Zhou, Lizhi Shao, Youyong Kong
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Mixture-of-Experts, whole slide images

    Analyzing gigapixel Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is challenging due to the complex pathological tissue environment and the absence of target-driven domain knowledge. Previous methods incorporated pathological priors to mitigate this issue but relied on additional inference steps and specialized workflows, restricting scalability and the model's capacity to identify novel outcome-related factors. To address these challenges, we propose a plug-and-play Pathology-Aware Mixture-of-Experts (PAMoE) module, which based on mixture of experts to learn pathology-related knowledge and extract useful information. We train the experts to become 'specialists' in specific intratumoral tissues by learning to route each tissue to its mapped expert. In addition, to reduce the impact of irrelevant content on the model, we introduce a new routing rule that discards patches in which none of the experts express interest, which helps the model better capture the relationships between relevant patches. Through a comprehensive evaluation of PAMoE on survival task, we demonstrate that 1) Our module enhances the performance of baseline models in most cases, and 2) The sparse expert processing across different tissues enhances the learning of patch representations by addressing tissue heterogeneity.
Wavelet and Prototype Augmented Query-based Transformer for Pixel-level Surface Defect Detection
Authors: Feng Yan, Xiaoheng Jiang, Yang Lu, Jiale Cao, Dong Chen, Mingliang Xu
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Defect Detection

    As an important part of intelligent manufacturing, pixel-level surface defect detection (SDD) aims to locate defect areas through mask prediction. Previous methods adopt the image-independent static convolution to indiscriminately classify per-pixel features for mask prediction, which leads to suboptimal results for some challenging scenes such as weak defects and cluttered backgrounds. In this paper, inspired by query-based methods, we propose a Wavelet and Prototype Augmented Query-based Transformer (WPFormer) for surface defect detection. Specifically,  a set of dynamic queries for mask prediction is updated through the dual-domain transformer decoder. Firstly, a Wavelet-enhanced Cross-Attention (WCA) is proposed, which aggregates meaningful high- and low-frequency information of image features in the wavelet domain to refine queries. WCA enhances the representation of high-frequency components by capturing multi-scale relationships between different frequency components, enabling queries to focus more on defect details. Secondly, a Prototype-guided Cross-Attention (PCA) is proposed to refine queries through meta-prototypes in the spatial domain. The prototypes aggregate semantically meaningful tokens from image features, facilitating queries to aggregate crucial defect information under the cluttered backgrounds. Extensive experiments on three defect detection datasets (i.e., ESDIs-SOD, CrackSeg9k, and ZJU-Leaper) demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance in defect detection. The code will be available at https://github.com/yfhdm/WPFormer.
D^3CTTA: Domain-Dependent Decorrelation for Continual Test-Time Adaption of 3D LiDAR Segmentation
Authors: Jichun Zhao, Haiyong Jiang, Haoxuan Song, Jun Xiao, Dong Gong
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Autonomous Driving, Segmentation

    Adapting pre-trained LiDAR segmentation models to dynamic domain shifts during testing is of paramount importance for the safety of autonomous driving.  Most existing methods neglect the influence of domain changes and point density in continual test-time adaption (CTTA), relying on backpropagation and large batch sizes for stability. We approach this problem with three insights: 1) Point clouds at different distances usually have different densities resulting in distribution disparities; 2) The feature distribution of different domains varies, and domain-aware parameters can alleviate domain gaps; 3) Features are highly correlated and make segmentation of different labels confusing.  To this end, this work presents D^3CTTA, an online backpropagation-free framework for 3D continual test-time adaption for LiDAR segmentation. D^3CTTA consists of a distance-aware prototype learning module to integrate LiDAR-based geometry prior and a domain-dependent decorrelation module to reduce feature correlations among different domains and different categories. Extensive experiments on three benchmarks showcase that our method achieves a state-of-the-art performance compared to both backpropagation-based methods and backpropagation-free methods.
HeMoRa: Unsupervised Heuristic Consensus Sampling for Robust Point Cloud Registration
Authors: Shaocheng Yan, Yiming Wang, Kaiyan Zhao, Pengcheng Shi, Zhenjun Zhao, Yongjun Zhang, Jiayuan Li
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Point Cloud Registration

    Heuristic information for consensus set sampling is essential for correspondence-based point cloud registration, but existing approaches typically rely on supervised learning or expert-driven parameter tuning. In this work, we propose HeMoRa, a new unsupervised framework that trains a Heuristic information Generator (HeGen) to estimate sampling probabilities for correspondences using a Multi-order Reward Aggregator (MoRa) loss. The core of MoRa is to train HeGen through extensive trials and feedback, enabling unsupervised learning. While this process can be implemented using policy optimization, directly applying the policy gradient to optimize HeGen presents challenges such as sensitivity to noise and low reward efficiency. To address these issues, we propose a Maximal Reward Propagation (MRP) mechanism that enhances the training process by prioritizing noise-free signals and improving reward utilization. Experimental results show that equipped with HeMoRa, the consensus set sampler achieves improvements in both robustness and accuracy. For example, on the 3DMatch dataset with FCGF feature, the registration recall of our unsupervised methods (Ours+SM and Ours+SC^2) even outperforms the state-of-the-art supervised method VBreg. Our code is available at \href https://github.com/Laka-3DV/HeMoRa  \texttt HeMoRa  .
Preserving Clusters in Prompt Learning for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
Authors: Tung-Long Vuong, Hoang Phan, Vy Vo, Anh Bui, Thanh-Toan Do, Trung Le, Dinh Phung
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Domain Adaptation, Prompt Learning, Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

    Recent approaches leveraging multi-modal pre-trained models like CLIP for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) have shown significant promise in bridging domain gaps and improving generalization by utilizing rich semantic knowledge and robust visual representations learned through extensive pre-training on diverse image-text datasets. While these methods achieve state-of-the-art performance across benchmarks, much of the improvement stems from base pseudo-labels (CLIP zero-shot predictions) and self-training mechanisms. Thus, the training mechanism exhibits a key limitation wherein the visual embedding distribution in target domains can deviate from the visual embedding distribution in the pre-trained model, leading to misguided signals from class descriptions. This work introduces a fresh solution to reinforce these pseudo-labels and facilitate target-prompt learning, by exploiting the geometry of visual and text embeddings - an aspect that is overlooked by existing methods. We first propose to directly leverage the reference predictions (from source prompts) based on the relationship between source and target visual embeddings. We later show that there is a strong clustering behavior observed between visual and text embeddings in pre-trained multi-modal models. Building on optimal transport theory, we transform this insight into a novel strategy to enforce the clustering property in text embeddings, further enhancing the alignment in the target domain. Our experiments and ablation studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating superior performance and improved quality of target prompts in terms of representation.
FeedEdit: Text-Based Image Editing with Dynamic Feedback Regulation
Authors: Fengyi Fu, Lei Zhang, Mengqi Huang, Zhendong Mao
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Denoising, Text-based Image Editing

    Text-based image editing which aims at generating rigid or non-rigid changes to images conditioned on the given text, has recently attracted considerable interest. Previous works mainly follow the multi-step denoising diffusion paradigm, which adopts a fixed text guidance intensity (i.e., editing intensity) to inject textual features, while ignoring the step-specific editing requirements. This work argues that the editing intensity at each denoising step should be adaptively adjusted conditioned on the historical editing degree, to provide accurate text guidance for the whole denoising process. We thereby propose a novel feedback editing framework (FeedEdit), a training-free method which, explicitly exploits the feedback regulation on editing intensity to ensure precise and harmonious editing at all steps. Specifically, we design (1) Dynamic Editing Degree Perceiving module, which is based on specific frequency-domain filtering, to enhance and exploit the correlation between feature differences and editing degree for perceiving.  (2) Proportional-Integral feedback controller, to automatically map the perceived editing errors into appropriate feedback control signals. (3) Phrase-level Regulating Strategy, to achieve fine-grained function-specific regulation of textual features. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of FeedEdit over existing methods in both editability and quality, especially for multi-function editing scenarios.
Theory-Inspired Deep Multi-View Multi-Label Learning with Incomplete Views and Noisy Labels
Authors: Quanjiang Li, Tingjin Luo, Jiahui Liao
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Multi-Label Learning

    Incomplete features and label noise in multi-view multi-label data significantly undermine the reliability and performance, motivating researchers to explore the mechanism of representation and information recovery. However, learning for such dual deficiencies is crucial but rarely studied.  In this paper, we propose a theory-inspired Deep Multi-View Multi-Label Learning method with Incomplete Views and Noisy Labels named DMMIvNL to address these problems. Specifically, to promote the synthesis of task-relevant shared information and preserve the distinctiveness of individual features from limited views, we have developed a feature extraction modular based on the information bottleneck theory, and formulated its theoretical upper bound into its objective. Meanwhile, we theoretically prove that minimizing the volume of the transition matrix ensures the statistical consistency with classifier training. Besides, a cycle-consistency estimation principle is proposed in the volume minimization network to improve the recognition stability of multi-label noise. Moreover, leveraging inherent real semantics information and label correlations are employed as model regularization to reduce the risk of excessive noise fitting. Finally, extensive experimental results validate the effectiveness and robustness of our DMMIvNL.
DaCapo: Score Distillation as Stacked Bridge for Fast and High-quality 3D Editing
Authors: Yufei Huang, Bangyan Liao, Yuqi Hu, Haitao Lin, Lirong Wu, Siyuan Li, Cheng Tan, Zicheng Liu, Yunfan Liu, Zelin Zang, Chang Yu, Zhen Lei
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: 3D scene Editing, Attribute, GPU, Stochastic Optimization

    Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) has been successfully extended to text-driven 3D scene editing with 2D pretrained diffusion models. However, SDS-based editing methods suffer from lengthy optimization processes with slow inference and low quality. We attribute the issue of lengthy optimization to the stochastic optimization scheme used in SDS-based editing, where many steps may conflict with each other (e.g., the inherent trade-off between editing and preservation). To reduce this internal conflict and speed up the editing process, we propose to separate editing and preservation in time with a diffusion time schedule and frame the 3D editing optimization process as a diffusion bridge sampling process. Motivated by the analysis above, we introduce DaCapo, a fast diffusion sampling-like 3D editing method that incorporates a novel stacked bridge framework, which estimates a direct diffusion bridge between source and target distribution with only a pretrained 2D diffusion model. Specifically, It models the editing process as a combination of inversion and generation, where both processes happen simultaneously as a stack of Diffusion Bridges. DaCapo shows a 15x speed-up with comparable results to the state-of-the-art SDS-based method. It completes the process in just 2,500 steps on a single GPU and accommodates a variety of 3D representation methods.
RigGS: Rigging of 3D Gaussians for Modeling Articulated Objects in Videos
Authors: Yuxin Yao, Zhi Deng, Junhui Hou
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Novel View Synthesis

    This paper considers the problem of modeling articulated objects captured in 2D videos to enable novel view synthesis, while also being easily editable, drivable, and reposable. To tackle this challenging problem, we propose RigGS, a new paradigm that leverages 3D Gaussian representation and skeleton-based motion representation to model dynamic objects without utilizing additional template priors. Specifically, we first propose skeleton-aware node-controlled deformation, which deforms a canonical 3D Gaussian representation over time to initialize the modeling process, producing candidate skeleton nodes that are further simplified into a sparse 3D skeleton according to their motion and semantic information. Subsequently, based on the resulting skeleton, we design learnable skin deformations and pose-dependent detailed deformations, thereby easily deforming the 3D Gaussian representation to generate new actions and render further high-quality images from novel views. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method can generate realistic new actions easily for objects and achieve high-quality rendering.
Supervising Sound Localization by In-the-wild Egomotion
Authors: Anna Min, Ziyang Chen, Hang Zhao, Andrew Owens
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1

    We present a method for learning binaural sound localization from ego-motion in videos. When the camera moves in a video, the direction of sound sources will change along with it. We train an audio model to predict sound directions that are consistent with visual estimates of camera motion, which we obtain using methods from multi-view geometry. This provides a weak but plentiful form of supervision that we combine with traditional binaural cues. To evaluate this idea, we propose a dataset of real-world audio-visual videos with ego-motion. We show that our model can successfully learn from this real-world data, and that it obtains strong performance on sound localization tasks.
Adapting to Observation Length of Trajectory Prediction via Contrastive Learning
Authors: Ruiqi Qiu, Jun Gong, Xinyu Zhang, Siqi Luo, BoWen Zhang, Yi Cen
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Contrastive Learning, Prediction, Trajectory Prediction

    The ability to adapt to varying observation lengths is crucial for human trajectory prediction tasks, particularly in scenarios with limited observation lengths or missing data. Existing approaches mainly focus on introducing novel architectures or additional structural components, which substantially increase model complexity and present challenges for integration into existing models. We argue that current network architectures are sufficiently sophisticated to handle the Observation Length Shift problem, with the key challenge lying in improving feature representation for trajectories with limited lengths. To tackle this issue, we introduce a general and effective contrastive learning approach, called Contrastive Learning for Length Shift (CLLS). By incorporating contrastive learning during the training phase, our method encourages the model to extract length-invariant features, thus mitigating the impact of observation length variations. Furthermore, to better accommodate length adaptation tasks, we introduce a lightweight RNN network that, combined with CLLS, achieves state-of-the-art performance in both general prediction and observation length shift tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing methods across multiple widely-used trajectory prediction datasets.
Quad-Pixel Image Defocus Deblurring: A New Benchmark and Model
Authors: Hang Chen, Yin Xie, Xiaoxiu Peng, Lihu Sun, Wenkai Su, Xiaodong Yang, Chengming Liu
Date: 2025-01-01 00:00:00
Proceeding: CVPR 2025 1
Tasks: Deblurring, Image Defocus Deblurring, Mamba

    Defocus deblurring is a challenging task due to the spatially varying blur. Recent works have shown impressive results in data-driven approaches using dual-pixel (DP) sensors. Quad-pixel (QP) sensors represent an advanced evolution of DP sensors, providing four distinct sub-aperture views in contrast to only two views offered by DP sensors. However, research on QP-based defocus deblurring is scarce. In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end learning-based approach for defocus deblurring that leverages QP data. To achieve this, we design a QP defocus and all-in-focus image pair acquisition method and provide a QP Defocus Deblurring (QPDD) dataset containing 4,935 image pairs. We then introduce a Local-gate assisted Mamba Network (LMNet), which includes a two-branch encoder and a Simple Fusion Module (SFM) to fully utilize features of sub-aperture views. In particular, our LMNet incorporates a Local-gate assisted Mamba Block (LAMB) that mitigates local pixel forgetting and channel redundancy within Mamba, and effectively captures global and local dependencies. By extending the defocus deblurring task from a DP-based to a QP-based approach, we demonstrate significant improvements in restoring sharp images. Comprehensive experimental evaluations further indicate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods.