AILuminate: Introducing v1.0 of the AI Risk and Reliability Benchmark from MLCommons
Authors: Shaona Ghosh, Heather Frase, Adina Williams, Sarah Luger, Paul Röttger, Fazl Barez, Sean McGregor, Kenneth Fricklas, Mala Kumar, Quentin Feuillade--Montixi, Kurt Bollacker, Felix Friedrich, Ryan Tsang, Bertie Vidgen, Alicia Parrish, Chris Knotz, Eleonora Presani, Jonathan Bennion, Marisa Ferrara Boston, Mike Kuniavsky, Wiebke Hutiri, James Ezick, Malek Ben Salem, Rajat Sahay, Sujata Goswami, Usman Gohar, Ben Huang, Supheakmungkol Sarin, Elie Alhajjar, Canyu Chen, Roman Eng, Kashyap Ramanandula Manjusha, Virendra Mehta, Eileen Long, Murali Emani, Natan Vidra, Benjamin Rukundo, Abolfazl Shahbazi, Kongtao Chen, Rajat Ghosh, Vithursan Thangarasa, Pierre Peigné, Abhinav Singh, Max Bartolo, Satyapriya Krishna, Mubashara Akhtar, Rafael Gold, Cody Coleman, Luis Oala, Vassil Tashev, Joseph Marvin Imperial, Amy Russ, Sasidhar Kunapuli, Nicolas Miailhe, Julien Delaunay, Bhaktipriya Radharapu, Rajat Shinde, Tuesday, Debojyoti Dutta, Declan Grabb, Ananya Gangavarapu, Saurav Sahay, Agasthya Gangavarapu, Patrick Schramowski, Stephen Singam, Tom David, Xudong Han, Priyanka Mary Mammen, Tarunima Prabhakar, Venelin Kovatchev, Rebecca Weiss, Ahmed Ahmed, Kelvin N. Manyeki, Sandeep Madireddy, Foutse khomh, Fedor Zhdanov, Joachim Baumann, Nina Vasan, Xianjun Yang, Carlos Mougn, Jibin Rajan Varghese, Hussain Chinoy, Seshakrishna Jitendar, Manil Maskey, Claire V. Hardgrove, TianHao Li, Aakash Gupta, Emil Joswin, Yifan Mai, Shachi H Kumar, Cigdem Patlak, Kevin Lu, Vincent Alessi, Sree Bhargavi Balija, Chenhe Gu, Robert Sullivan, James Gealy, Matt Lavrisa, James Goel, Peter Mattson, Percy Liang, Joaquin Vanschoren
Date: 2025-02-19 00:00:00

The rapid advancement and deployment of AI systems have created an urgent need for standard safety-evaluation frameworks. This paper introduces AILuminate v1.0, the first comprehensive industry-standard benchmark for assessing AI-product risk and reliability. Its development employed an open process that included participants from multiple fields. The benchmark evaluates an AI system's resistance to prompts designed to elicit dangerous, illegal, or undesirable behavior in 12 hazard categories, including violent crimes, nonviolent crimes, sex-related crimes, child sexual exploitation, indiscriminate weapons, suicide and self-harm, intellectual property, privacy, defamation, hate, sexual content, and specialized advice (election, financial, health, legal). Our method incorporates a complete assessment standard, extensive prompt datasets, a novel evaluation framework, a grading and reporting system, and the technical as well as organizational infrastructure for long-term support and evolution. In particular, the benchmark employs an understandable five-tier grading scale (Poor to Excellent) and incorporates an innovative entropy-based system-response evaluation. In addition to unveiling the benchmark, this report also identifies limitations of our method and of building safety benchmarks generally, including evaluator uncertainty and the constraints of single-turn interactions. This work represents a crucial step toward establishing global standards for AI risk and reliability evaluation while acknowledging the need for continued development in areas such as multiturn interactions, multimodal understanding, coverage of additional languages, and emerging hazard categories. Our findings provide valuable insights for model developers, system integrators, and policymakers working to promote safer AI deployment.