pwc-archive/papers-with-abstracts huggingface dataset:
LesionMix: A Lesion-Level Data Augmentation Method for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Berke Doga Basaran, Weitong Zhang, Mengyun Qiao, Bernhard Kainz, Paul M. Matthews, Wenjia Bai
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Data Augmentation, Diversity, Image Segmentation, Medical Image Segmentation, Segmentation, Semantic Segmentation

Data augmentation has become a de facto component of deep learning-based medical image segmentation methods. Most data augmentation techniques used in medical imaging focus on spatial and intensity transformations to improve the diversity of training images. They are often designed at the image level, augmenting the full image, and do not pay attention to specific abnormalities within the image. Here, we present LesionMix, a novel and simple lesion-aware data augmentation method. It performs augmentation at the lesion level, increasing the diversity of lesion shape, location, intensity and load distribution, and allowing both lesion populating and inpainting. Experiments on different modalities and different lesion datasets, including four brain MR lesion datasets and one liver CT lesion dataset, demonstrate that LesionMix achieves promising performance in lesion image segmentation, outperforming several recent Mix-based data augmentation methods. The code will be released at https://github.com/dogabasaran/lesionmix.
SR-GAN for SR-gamma: super resolution of photon calorimeter images at collider experiments
Authors: Johannes Erdmann, Aaron van der Graaf, Florian Mausolf, Olaf Nackenhorst
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Image Super-Resolution, Position, Super-Resolution

We study single-image super-resolution algorithms for photons at collider experiments based on generative adversarial networks. We treat the energy depositions of simulated electromagnetic showers of photons and neutral-pion decays in a toy electromagnetic calorimeter as 2D images and we train super-resolution networks to generate images with an artificially increased resolution by a factor of four in each dimension. The generated images are able to reproduce features of the electromagnetic showers that are not obvious from the images at nominal resolution. Using the artificially-enhanced images for the reconstruction of shower-shape variables and of the position of the shower center results in significant improvements. We additionally investigate the utilization of the generated images as a pre-processing step for deep-learning photon-identification algorithms and observe improvements in the case of training samples of small size.
ARAI-MVSNet: A multi-view stereo depth estimation network with adaptive depth range and depth interval
Authors: Song Zhang, Wenjia Xu, Zhiwei Wei, Lili Zhang, Yang Wang, Junyi Liu
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Depth Estimation, Stereo Depth Estimation

Multi-View Stereo~(MVS) is a fundamental problem in geometric computer vision which aims to reconstruct a scene using multi-view images with known camera parameters. However, the mainstream approaches represent the scene with a fixed all-pixel depth range and equal depth interval partition, which will result in inadequate utilization of depth planes and imprecise depth estimation. In this paper, we present a novel multi-stage coarse-to-fine framework to achieve adaptive all-pixel depth range and depth interval. We predict a coarse depth map in the first stage, then an Adaptive Depth Range Prediction module is proposed in the second stage to zoom in the scene by leveraging the reference image and the obtained depth map in the first stage and predict a more accurate all-pixel depth range for the following stages. In the third and fourth stages, we propose an Adaptive Depth Interval Adjustment module to achieve adaptive variable interval partition for pixel-wise depth range. The depth interval distribution in this module is normalized by Z-score, which can allocate dense depth hypothesis planes around the potential ground truth depth value and vice versa to achieve more accurate depth estimation. Extensive experiments on four widely used benchmark datasets~(DTU, TnT, BlendedMVS, ETH 3D) demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance and yields competitive generalization ability. Particularly, our method achieves the highest Acc and Overall on the DTU dataset, while attaining the highest Recall and $F_{1}$-score on the Tanks and Temples intermediate and advanced dataset. Moreover, our method also achieves the lowest $e_{1}$ and $e_{3}$ on the BlendedMVS dataset and the highest Acc and $F_{1}$-score on the ETH 3D dataset, surpassing all listed methods.Project website: https://github.com/zs670980918/ARAI-MVSNet
FashionLOGO: Prompting Multimodal Large Language Models for Fashion Logo Embeddings
Authors: Zhen Wang, Da Li, Yulin Su, Min Yang, Minghui Qiu, Walton Wang
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Image Retrieval, Logo Recognition, Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

Logo embedding models convert the product logos in images into vectors, enabling their utilization for logo recognition and detection within e-commerce platforms. This facilitates the enforcement of intellectual property rights and enhances product search capabilities. However, current methods treat logo embedding as a purely visual problem. A noteworthy issue is that visual models capture features more than logos. Instead, we view this as a multimodal task, using text as auxiliary information to facilitate the visual model's understanding of the logo. The emerging Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in both visual and textual understanding. Inspired by this, we propose an approach, \textbf{FashionLOGO}, to explore how to prompt MLLMs to generate appropriate text for product images, which can help visual models achieve better logo embeddings. We adopt a cross-attention transformer block that enables visual embedding to automatically learn supplementary knowledge from textual embedding. Our extensive experiments on real-world datasets prove that FashionLOGO is capable of generating generic and robust logo embeddings, achieving state-of-the-art performance in all benchmarks.
DealMVC: Dual Contrastive Calibration for Multi-view Clustering
Authors: Xihong Yang, Jiaqi Jin, Siwei Wang, Ke Liang, Yue Liu, Yi Wen, Suyuan Liu, Sihang Zhou, Xinwang Liu, En Zhu
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Clustering, Pseudo Label

Benefiting from the strong view-consistent information mining capacity, multi-view contrastive clustering has attracted plenty of attention in recent years. However, we observe the following drawback, which limits the clustering performance from further improvement. The existing multi-view models mainly focus on the consistency of the same samples in different views while ignoring the circumstance of similar but different samples in cross-view scenarios. To solve this problem, we propose a novel Dual contrastive calibration network for Multi-View Clustering (DealMVC). Specifically, we first design a fusion mechanism to obtain a global cross-view feature. Then, a global contrastive calibration loss is proposed by aligning the view feature similarity graph and the high-confidence pseudo-label graph. Moreover, to utilize the diversity of multi-view information, we propose a local contrastive calibration loss to constrain the consistency of pair-wise view features. The feature structure is regularized by reliable class information, thus guaranteeing similar samples have similar features in different views. During the training procedure, the interacted cross-view feature is jointly optimized at both local and global levels. In comparison with other state-of-the-art approaches, the comprehensive experimental results obtained from eight benchmark datasets provide substantial validation of the effectiveness and superiority of our algorithm. We release the code of DealMVC at https://github.com/xihongyang1999/DealMVC on GitHub.
Semantic Information for Object Detection
Authors: Jean-Francois Nies
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Object, object-detection, Object Detection

In this paper, we demonstrate that the concept of Semantic Consistency and the ensuing method of Knowledge-Aware Re-Optimization can be adapted for the problem of object detection in intricate traffic scenes. Furthermore, we introduce a novel method for extracting a knowledge graph from a dataset of images provided with instance-level annotations, and integrate this new knowledge graph with the existing semantic consistency model. Combining both this novel hybrid knowledge graph and the preexisting methods of frequency analysis and external knowledge graph as sources for semantic information, we investigate the effectiveness of knowledge-aware re-optimization on the Faster-RCNN and DETR object detection models. We find that limited but consistent improvements in precision and or recall can be achieved using this method for all combinations of model and method studied.
Eosinophils Instance Object Segmentation on Whole Slide Imaging Using Multi-label Circle Representation
Authors: Yilin Liu, Ruining Deng, Juming Xiong, Regina N Tyree, Hernan Correa, Girish Hiremath, Yaohong Wang, Yuankai Huo
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Cell Segmentation, Diagnostic, Instance Segmentation, Segmentation, Semantic Segmentation

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic and relapsing disease characterized by esophageal inflammation. Symptoms of EoE include difficulty swallowing, food impaction, and chest pain which significantly impact the quality of life, resulting in nutritional impairments, social limitations, and psychological distress. The diagnosis of EoE is typically performed with a threshold (15 to 20) of eosinophils (Eos) per high-power field (HPF). Since the current counting process of Eos is a resource-intensive process for human pathologists, automatic methods are desired. Circle representation has been shown as a more precise, yet less complicated, representation for automatic instance cell segmentation such as CircleSnake approach. However, the CircleSnake was designed as a single-label model, which is not able to deal with multi-label scenarios. In this paper, we propose the multi-label CircleSnake model for instance segmentation on Eos. It extends the original CircleSnake model from a single-label design to a multi-label model, allowing segmentation of multiple object types. Experimental results illustrate the CircleSnake model's superiority over the traditional Mask R-CNN model and DeepSnake model in terms of average precision (AP) in identifying and segmenting eosinophils, thereby enabling enhanced characterization of EoE. This automated approach holds promise for streamlining the assessment process and improving diagnostic accuracy in EoE analysis. The source code has been made publicly available at https://github.com/yilinliu610730/EoE.
Watch Your Steps: Local Image and Scene Editing by Text Instructions
Authors: Ashkan Mirzaei, Tristan Aumentado-Armstrong, Marcus A. Brubaker, Jonathan Kelly, Alex Levinshtein, Konstantinos G. Derpanis, Igor Gilitschenski
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Denoising, Image Generation, NeRF

Denoising diffusion models have enabled high-quality image generation and editing. We present a method to localize the desired edit region implicit in a text instruction. We leverage InstructPix2Pix (IP2P) and identify the discrepancy between IP2P predictions with and without the instruction. This discrepancy is referred to as the relevance map. The relevance map conveys the importance of changing each pixel to achieve the edits, and is used to to guide the modifications. This guidance ensures that the irrelevant pixels remain unchanged. Relevance maps are further used to enhance the quality of text-guided editing of 3D scenes in the form of neural radiance fields. A field is trained on relevance maps of training views, denoted as the relevance field, defining the 3D region within which modifications should be made. We perform iterative updates on the training views guided by rendered relevance maps from the relevance field. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on both image and NeRF editing tasks. Project page: https://ashmrz.github.io/WatchYourSteps/
Auxiliary Tasks Benefit 3D Skeleton-based Human Motion Prediction
Authors: Chenxin Xu, Robby T. Tan, Yuhong Tan, Siheng Chen, Xinchao Wang, Yanfeng Wang
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Proceeding: ICCV 2023 1
Tasks: Human motion prediction, Human Pose Forecasting, motion prediction

Exploring spatial-temporal dependencies from observed motions is one of the core challenges of human motion prediction. Previous methods mainly focus on dedicated network structures to model the spatial and temporal dependencies. This paper considers a new direction by introducing a model learning framework with auxiliary tasks. In our auxiliary tasks, partial body joints' coordinates are corrupted by either masking or adding noise and the goal is to recover corrupted coordinates depending on the rest coordinates. To work with auxiliary tasks, we propose a novel auxiliary-adapted transformer, which can handle incomplete, corrupted motion data and achieve coordinate recovery via capturing spatial-temporal dependencies. Through auxiliary tasks, the auxiliary-adapted transformer is promoted to capture more comprehensive spatial-temporal dependencies among body joints' coordinates, leading to better feature learning. Extensive experimental results have shown that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods by remarkable margins of 7.2%, 3.7%, and 9.4% in terms of 3D mean per joint position error (MPJPE) on the Human3.6M, CMU Mocap, and 3DPW datasets, respectively. We also demonstrate that our method is more robust under data missing cases and noisy data cases. Code is available at https://github.com/MediaBrain-SJTU/AuxFormer.
Automatic Signboard Recognition in Low Quality Night Images
Authors: Manas Kagde, Priyanka Choudhary, Rishi Joshi, Somnath Dey
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Autonomous Driving

An essential requirement for driver assistance systems and autonomous driving technology is implementing a robust system for detecting and recognizing traffic signs. This system enables the vehicle to autonomously analyze the environment and make appropriate decisions regarding its movement, even when operating at higher frame rates. However, traffic sign images captured in inadequate lighting and adverse weather conditions are poorly visible, blurred, faded, and damaged. Consequently, the recognition of traffic signs in such circumstances becomes inherently difficult. This paper addressed the challenges of recognizing traffic signs from images captured in low light, noise, and blurriness. To achieve this goal, a two-step methodology has been employed. The first step involves enhancing traffic sign images by applying a modified MIRNet model and producing enhanced images. In the second step, the Yolov4 model recognizes the traffic signs in an unconstrained environment. The proposed method has achieved 5.40% increment in mAP@0.5 for low quality images on Yolov4. The overall mAP@0.5 of 96.75% has been achieved on the GTSRB dataset. It has also attained mAP@0.5 of 100% on the GTSDB dataset for the broad categories, comparable with the state-of-the-art work.
SDDNet: Style-guided Dual-layer Disentanglement Network for Shadow Detection
Authors: Runmin Cong, Yuchen Guan, Jinpeng Chen, Wei zhang, Yao Zhao, Sam Kwong
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Disentanglement, Shadow Detection

Despite significant progress in shadow detection, current methods still struggle with the adverse impact of background color, which may lead to errors when shadows are present on complex backgrounds. Drawing inspiration from the human visual system, we treat the input shadow image as a composition of a background layer and a shadow layer, and design a Style-guided Dual-layer Disentanglement Network (SDDNet) to model these layers independently. To achieve this, we devise a Feature Separation and Recombination (FSR) module that decomposes multi-level features into shadow-related and background-related components by offering specialized supervision for each component, while preserving information integrity and avoiding redundancy through the reconstruction constraint. Moreover, we propose a Shadow Style Filter (SSF) module to guide the feature disentanglement by focusing on style differentiation and uniformization. With these two modules and our overall pipeline, our model effectively minimizes the detrimental effects of background color, yielding superior performance on three public datasets with a real-time inference speed of 32 FPS.
Point-aware Interaction and CNN-induced Refinement Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection
Authors: Runmin Cong, Hongyu Liu, Chen Zhang, Wei zhang, Feng Zheng, Ran Song, Sam Kwong
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: object-detection, Object Detection, RGB-D Salient Object Detection, Salient Object Detection

By integrating complementary information from RGB image and depth map, the ability of salient object detection (SOD) for complex and challenging scenes can be improved. In recent years, the important role of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in feature extraction and cross-modality interaction has been fully explored, but it is still insufficient in modeling global long-range dependencies of self-modality and cross-modality. To this end, we introduce CNNs-assisted Transformer architecture and propose a novel RGB-D SOD network with Point-aware Interaction and CNN-induced Refinement (PICR-Net). On the one hand, considering the prior correlation between RGB modality and depth modality, an attention-triggered cross-modality point-aware interaction (CmPI) module is designed to explore the feature interaction of different modalities with positional constraints. On the other hand, in order to alleviate the block effect and detail destruction problems brought by the Transformer naturally, we design a CNN-induced refinement (CNNR) unit for content refinement and supplementation. Extensive experiments on five RGB-D SOD datasets show that the proposed network achieves competitive results in both quantitative and qualitative comparisons.
Frequency Perception Network for Camouflaged Object Detection
Authors: Runmin Cong, Mengyao Sun, Sanyi Zhang, Xiaofei Zhou, Wei zhang, Yao Zhao
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Object, object-detection, Object Detection

Camouflaged object detection (COD) aims to accurately detect objects hidden in the surrounding environment. However, the existing COD methods mainly locate camouflaged objects in the RGB domain, their performance has not been fully exploited in many challenging scenarios. Considering that the features of the camouflaged object and the background are more discriminative in the frequency domain, we propose a novel learnable and separable frequency perception mechanism driven by the semantic hierarchy in the frequency domain. Our entire network adopts a two-stage model, including a frequency-guided coarse localization stage and a detail-preserving fine localization stage. With the multi-level features extracted by the backbone, we design a flexible frequency perception module based on octave convolution for coarse positioning. Then, we design the correction fusion module to step-by-step integrate the high-level features through the prior-guided correction and cross-layer feature channel association, and finally combine them with the shallow features to achieve the detailed correction of the camouflaged objects. Compared with the currently existing models, our proposed method achieves competitive performance in three popular benchmark datasets both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Identity-Seeking Self-Supervised Representation Learning for Generalizable Person Re-identification
Authors: Zhaopeng Dou, Zhongdao Wang, YaLi Li, Shengjin Wang
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Proceeding: ICCV 2023 1
Tasks: Generalizable Person Re-identification, Person Re-Identification, Representation Learning

This paper aims to learn a domain-generalizable (DG) person re-identification (ReID) representation from large-scale videos \textbf{without any annotation}. Prior DG ReID methods employ limited labeled data for training due to the high cost of annotation, which restricts further advances. To overcome the barriers of data and annotation, we propose to utilize large-scale unsupervised data for training. The key issue lies in how to mine identity information. To this end, we propose an Identity-seeking Self-supervised Representation learning (ISR) method. ISR constructs positive pairs from inter-frame images by modeling the instance association as a maximum-weight bipartite matching problem. A reliability-guided contrastive loss is further presented to suppress the adverse impact of noisy positive pairs, ensuring that reliable positive pairs dominate the learning process. The training cost of ISR scales approximately linearly with the data size, making it feasible to utilize large-scale data for training. The learned representation exhibits superior generalization ability. \textbf{Without human annotation and fine-tuning, ISR achieves 87.0\% Rank-1 on Market-1501 and 56.4\% Rank-1 on MSMT17}, outperforming the best supervised domain-generalizable method by 5.0\% and 19.5\%, respectively. In the pre-training$\rightarrow$fine-tuning scenario, ISR achieves state-of-the-art performance, with 88.4\% Rank-1 on MSMT17. The code is at \url{https://github.com/dcp15/ISR_ICCV2023_Oral}.
Event-Guided Procedure Planning from Instructional Videos with Text Supervision
Authors: An-Lan Wang, Kun-Yu Lin, Jia-Run Du, Jingke Meng, Wei-Shi Zheng
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Proceeding: ICCV 2023 1

In this work, we focus on the task of procedure planning from instructional videos with text supervision, where a model aims to predict an action sequence to transform the initial visual state into the goal visual state. A critical challenge of this task is the large semantic gap between observed visual states and unobserved intermediate actions, which is ignored by previous works. Specifically, this semantic gap refers to that the contents in the observed visual states are semantically different from the elements of some action text labels in a procedure. To bridge this semantic gap, we propose a novel event-guided paradigm, which first infers events from the observed states and then plans out actions based on both the states and predicted events. Our inspiration comes from that planning a procedure from an instructional video is to complete a specific event and a specific event usually involves specific actions. Based on the proposed paradigm, we contribute an Event-guided Prompting-based Procedure Planning (E3P) model, which encodes event information into the sequential modeling process to support procedure planning. To further consider the strong action associations within each event, our E3P adopts a mask-and-predict approach for relation mining, incorporating a probabilistic masking scheme for regularization. Extensive experiments on three datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model.
SRMAE: Masked Image Modeling for Scale-Invariant Deep Representations
Authors: Zhiming Wang, Lin Gu, Feng Lu
Date: 2023-08-17 00:00:00
Tasks: Super-Resolution

Due to the prevalence of scale variance in nature images, we propose to use image scale as a self-supervised signal for Masked Image Modeling (MIM). Our method involves selecting random patches from the input image and downsampling them to a low-resolution format. Our framework utilizes the latest advances in super-resolution (SR) to design the prediction head, which reconstructs the input from low-resolution clues and other patches. After 400 epochs of pre-training, our Super Resolution Masked Autoencoders (SRMAE) get an accuracy of 82.1% on the ImageNet-1K task. Image scale signal also allows our SRMAE to capture scale invariance representation. For the very low resolution (VLR) recognition task, our model achieves the best performance, surpassing DeriveNet by 1.3%. Our method also achieves an accuracy of 74.84% on the task of recognizing low-resolution facial expressions, surpassing the current state-of-the-art FMD by 9.48%.