I don't see that Catholics should have difficulty with science's findings; if "compatibility" is not likely to occur, I don't believe that "contradiction" must.  Your example of an aged universe is a good example.  The anthropic argument that the universe's existence - its current age and other factors - make it uniquely suited to the development of mankind and, therefore, a suitable "project of a God" suggest that, rather than emptying faith of an idea of the uniqueness of humans, can serve to strengthen that belief.  Yes, in a theorized infinite multi-verse at least one of those must give rise to humanity, but that theory is less about science and more about philosophical cosmology. Science should give the faithful a sense of wonder.
I won't argue to support Christogenesis - whether the universe ends in fire or ice is, I think, inconsequential to a Divine plan for the individual.
I don't see that physical extinction is incompatible with Christianity.  Even Revelation talks about it.