pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Candidatus

Candidatus is a term in the taxonomy (scientific classification) of bacteria.
It is a label put before the name of a bacterium which cannot be grown on an agar plate or in any other bacteriology culture. An example would be "Candidatus Phytoplasma allocasuarinae". Candidatus status may be used when a species or genus is well studied but cannot be cultured. Nowadays much information is got by 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis.
History
For correct publication of a species, bacteria must be isolated, cultured, described, and deposited in a bacteriology culture collection. However, some bacteria require special tissue culture conditions and cannot be maintained in Bacteriology Culture Collections. This includes bacteria which live inside other organisms or cells. These include obligately intracellular pathogens and endosymbionts, insect symbionts, and populations from oceans or sludge.
In 1994, Murray and Schleifer published a taxonomic note. They recommended that the new category of indefinite rank (Candidatus) be established for certain putative taxa that could not be described in sufficient detail to warrant establishment of a new taxon. It was also recommended that a Candidatus list should be established in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.
According to the "IRPCM Phytoplasma/Spiroplasma Working Team - Phytoplasma taxonomy group" the abbreviation for Candidatus should be Ca.
References
Bacteria
Taxonomy
Beattyville, Kentucky

Beattyville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Oberglatt

Oberglatt is a municipality of the district of Dielsdorf in the Swiss canton of Zurich.
References
Municipalities of Zurich
Tribe (biology)

A tribe in biology is a monophyletic group inside a family. It is a term used in taxonomy.
More exactly, it is a rank above genus and below subfamily. The Hominini, the hominins, is the tribe to which our species belongs.
Taxonomy
Wannsee Conference

The Wannsee Conference was a meeting of senior members of the Nazi German government. It was held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee on 20 January 1942. The conference was to tell leaders of government departments that dealt with Jews, that Adolf Eichmann had been put in charge of the "Final Solution to the Jewish question" (in German: 'die Endlosung der Judenfrage'). They were expected to give the plan their full support. Heydrich presented a plan for removing the Jewish population of Europe and French North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia) to German-occupied areas in eastern Europe. Those people that were fit, would be put to work on road building projects. It was expected that they would be worked to death. The survivors would be executed when the projects were finished. The plan was never carried out as planned, as it was based on the continued German occupation of Polish and Soviet lands. Instead, as the Soviet army gradually pushed back the German lines, most of the Jews of German-occupied Europe were sent to concentration or death camps, or killed where they lived. Because of the effort of historian Joseph Wulf, the Wannsee House, where the conference was held, is now a Holocaust Memorial.
Nazism
The Holocaust
Salenstein

Salenstein is a municipality of the district of Steckborn in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Salenstein was the home village of Napoleon III who passed there his youth at Castle Arenenberg.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Thurgau
Justine Lupe

Justine Lupe-Schomp (born May 31, 1989) is an American actress. She was in Mr. Mercedes, Succession, Cristela, and The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel. Lupe was born in Denver, Colorado. She started acting in 2011.
References
Other websites
1989 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from Denver
Alex Konstantinou

Alex Konstantinou (born 11 April 1992) is a Cypriot professional football player. He plays as a winger for Pafos.
He is the son of Kostakis Konstantinou, retired Cyprus national football team player.
Other websites
APOEL official profile
1992 births
Living people
Cypriot people
European footballers
Nicosia
Ghostbusters

Ghostbusters is an American supernatural comedy movie directed by Ivan Reitman. It is about people fighting ghosts in New York City. It was written by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis. It stars Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Harold Ramis, Sigourney Weaver, Annie Potts, William Atherton, Ernie Hudson and Rick Moranis. The music was composed by Elmer Bernstein. It was released on June 8, 1984. The movie earned $229 million at the box office and received mostly positive reviews. It was followed by Ghostbusters II.
Release dates
1984 comedy movies
1984 fantasy movies
1980s ghost movies
1980s monster movies
American comedy movies
American fantasy movies
American ghost movies
American monster movies
1980s English-language movies
Movies directed by Ivan Reitman
Movies set in New York City
Ghostbusters movies
Charles IX of France

Charles IX of France (June 27, 1550 - May 30, 1574) was a King of France and a member of the house of Valois.
Birth
Charles was born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France, on June 27, 1550. His parents were Henry II of France and Catherine of Medici.
Marriage
Charles was married to Elizabeth of Austria on November 26, 1570. They had one child, Mary Elizabeth of France (October 27, 1572 - April 9, 1578), who died young.
Death
Charles died in Vincennes, France, on May 30, 1574. He is buried in the Saint Denis Basilica. The next King was Henry III of France.
1550 births
1574 deaths
Kings and Queens of France
House of Valois
The Immortal Garrison

The Immortal Garrison () is a 1956 Soviet war movie directed by Zakhar Agranenko and Eduard Tisse. It stars Vasili Makarov, Vladimir Yemelyanov, and Nikolai Kryuchkov.
Actors
Vasili Makarov as Baturin
Vladimir Yemelyanov as Kondratiev
Nikolai Kryuchkov as Kukharkov
Anatoli Chemodurov as Rudenko
Valentina Serova as Maria Nikolayevna
Lidiya Sukharevskaya as Aleksandra Petrovna
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1956 movies
Soviet war movies
Champ and Major

Champ (October 2008 - June 19, 2021) and Major (born January 2018) are pet German Shepherds owned by President of the United States Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden.
Major is the first shelter dog to have lived in the White House.
Champ died on June 19, 2021 at the Biden family home in Wilmington, Delaware at the age of 12.
References
Joe Biden
United States presidential dogs
Seminiferous tubule

Seminiferous tubules are long thread-like tubes found in each of the testicles where sperm is produced. The inner lining of the tubule contains Sertoli cells.
Other websites
Image
Diagram
Anatomy of the male reproductive system
Mahmud Shah of Malacca

Sultan Mahmud Shah (died 1528) ruled Malacca from 1488 to 1528. He was the son of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah.
References
History of Malaysia
1528 deaths
Year of birth missing
Board of Control for Cricket in India

The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) is the national governing body for cricket in India. The board was formed in December 1928 as a society, registered under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act. It is a consortium of state cricket associations and the state associations select their representatives who in turn elect the BCCI Chief.
References
Cricket organizations of India
Orroli

Orroli (Arrolli, Arroli) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,267 people lived there. Its area is 75.59 km2. It is 550 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Jake Scott

Jacob E. Scott III (July 20, 1945 - November 19, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was a free safety and punt returner from 1970 to 1978 for the Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL).
Scott went to the Pro Bowl five consecutive times between 1971, and 1975. He recorded 35 interceptions in his six seasons as a Dolphin, and another 14 in his three years with the Redskins. He was also a five-time All-Pro. He was born in Greenwood, South Carolina.
Scott died at the age of 75 on November 19, 2020 after suffering head injuries in a fall in Atlanta, Georgia.
References
1945 births
2020 deaths
American football safeties
Miami Dolphins players
Washington Redskins players
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Sportspeople from South Carolina
Cardonnette

Cardonnette is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Trézelles

Trezelles is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
William Spaulding

William Ridley Spaulding (June 15, 1924 - November 1, 2021) was an American Democrat politician. He was born in North Carolina. He was one of the first people elected to Washington, D.C.'s local government council. His term lasted from 1975 until 1987.
Spaulding died on November 1, 2021 in Washington, D.C. at the age of 97.
References
1924 births
2021 deaths
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from North Carolina
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Bull Hill

Bull Hill, sometimes called Mount Taurus, is a mountain in the U.S. state of New York. It is north of the village of Cold Spring on the Hudson River, in Putnam County. It is part of the mountain range known as the Hudson Highlands which are part of the Appalachian Mountains.
An old quarry can be seen on its south ridge.
The mountain may have gotten its name from a bull that farmers chased down it. The bull's fall gave the Breakneck Ridge its name.
Mountains of the United States
Geography of New York (state)
Appalachian Mountains
Chow Hang Tung

Chow Hang Tung (Cantonese: Zou Xing Tong ; born 24 January 1985) is a Hong Kong lawyer and politician.
Early life and education
Chow studied physics at University of Cambridge.
Chow found out that human rights issues were her real interest, so she gave up doctoral studies and went back to Hong Kong.
She then studied law at the University of Hong Kong.
References
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Living people
1985 births
Meg Turney

Megan "Meg" Turney (born March 12, 1987) is an American internet personality, cosplayer, and model. Turney is known for her online media presence. She is most noted for her work with the online series SourceFed and later Rooster Teeth. Turney is also known for her cosplaying at various conventions such as Comic-Con.
Online media career
During her early years Turney hosted event coverage for deviantART. She appeared as a featured host on CraveOnline's TechKnow show. In July 2012, Turney would make her debut as a host of the YouTube channel SourceFed, where she and her co-host spoke about Star Wars. Along with being a host for the channel, Turney would also write stories for the SourceFed website. Turney would stay as a host of the channel, as well as its sister channel, SourceFed Nerd, until April 2014. During this time period, Turney also hosted for the American Music Awards' On Demand series, as well as Nerdist News.
After leaving SourceFed, Turney became a host for Rooster Teeth's channel, The Know. She made her first appearance on the channel on June 1, 2014. On joining Rooster Teeth, Turney said, "They have been pioneers in the industry for many years, and their level of originality and just plain fun in their content is unmatched in the space." In August 2014, Turney began co-hosting The Know It All: Leaderboard, a joint series of Rooster Teeth and The Daily Dot.
Cosplaying and modeling
In addition to her work online, Turney is also known for her cosplaying career. Turney was introduced to cosplaying by her friend, when she invited Turney to Ushicon 1 in 2002. Gamer Headlines wrote that Turney is, "known for her high quality cosplay and saucy lingerie photos." She appeared on the Syfy series Heroes of Cosplay in June 2014.
Aside from cosplaying, Turney also has experience with modeling. In April 2015, FHM placed Turney at #20 on their yearly "100 Sexiest Women in the World" list.
References
Other websites
Con, Cosplay & Star Wars! Comic Con, Cosplay & Star Wars!
1987 births
Living people
Models from Texas
American bloggers
Benno von Arent

Benno von Arent (July 19, 1898 in Gorlitz - October 14, 1956 in Bonn) was a member of the German Nazi Party and SS, responsible for art, theatres, movies etc.
Von Arendt worked as a stage designer; he joined the SS in 1931 and the NSDAP in 1932. The same year, he was one of the people who started the "Bund nationalsozialistischer Buhnen- und Filmkunstler" ("Union of national-socialist stage and movie artists"), which was later called "Kameradschaft deutscher Kunstler" ("fellowship of German artists") after Hitler began to rule Germany in 1933. Von Arent was made "Reichsbuhnenbildner" ("Reich stage designer") in 1936 and "Reichsbeauftragter fur die Mode" ("Reich agent for fashion") in 1939. In 1944, he was given the rank of SS-Oberfuhrer (senior colonel).
Von Arent died in 1956, aged 58.
1898 births
1956 deaths
Colonels
Nazi leaders
Politicians from Saxony
SS officers
Waffen-SS people
TD Canada Trust

TD Canada Trust is the personal, small business and commercial banking operation of The Toronto-Dominion Bank (TD) in Canada. It was created when two banks merged, Toronto Dominion and Canada Trust in 2000.
Sources
Other websites
TD Canada Trust
TD Canada Trust Deposit Registers
TD Canada Trust Locations
Banks of Canada
Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange
Tammy Grimes

Tammy Lee Grimes (January 30, 1934 - October 30, 2016) was an American actress and singer. She starred in and won a Tony Award for a 1960 play called The Unsinkable Molly Brown. She also starred in her own television show The Tammy Grimes Show in 1966.
Early life
Grimes was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, the daughter of Eola Willard (nee Niles), a naturalist and spiritualist, and Luther Nichols Grimes, an innkeeper, country-club manager, and farmer.
She attended high school at the then all-girls school, Beaver Country Day School, and Stephens College, and then studied acting at New York City's Neighborhood Playhouse. She studied singing with Beverley Peck Johnson.
Personal life
Grimes married Christopher Plummer on August 16, 1956, with whom she had a daughter, actress Amanda Plummer. They divorced in 1960.
Her second husband was actor Jeremy Slate, who she married in 1966 and divorced a year later. Her third husband was composer Richard Bell, who she married in 1971; the couple remained married until Bell's death in 2005.
Death
Grimes died on October 30, 2016, in Englewood, New Jersey, aged 82 from natural causes. Her survivors include her brother, Nick, and her daughter Amanda.
Work
Filmography
Three Bites of the Apple (1967) - Angela Sparrow
Arthur? Arthur! (1969) - Lady Joan Mellon
Play It as It Lays (1972) - Helene
The Horror at 37,000 Feet (1973, TV Movie) - Mrs. Pinder
The Borrowers (1973, TV Movie) - Homily Clock
Somebody Killed Her Husband (1978) - Audrey Van Santen
The Runner Stumbles (1979) - Erna Webber
Can't Stop the Music (1980) - Sydne Channing
The Last Unicorn (1982) - Molly Grue (voice)
The Stuff (1985) - Special Guest Star in Stuff Commercial
America (1986) - Joy Hackley
Mr. North (1988) - Sarah Baily-Lewis
Slaves of New York (1989) - Georgette
Backstreet Justice (1994) - Mrs. Finnegan
A Modern Affair (1995) - Dr. Gresham
Trouble on the Corner (1997) - Mrs. K
High Art (1998) - Vera
Stage
The Littlest Revue (1956)
Look After Lulu (1959)
The Unsinkable Molly Brown (1960)
Rattle of a Simple Man (1963)
High Spirits (1964)
The Only Game in Town (1968)
Private Lives (revival) (1969)
A Musical Jubilee (1975)
California Suite (1976)
Tartuffe (revival)(1977)
Trick (1979)
42nd Street (1980)
Sunset (1983)
Orpheus Descending (revival) (1989)
Wit & Wisdom (2003)
References
Other websites
American television actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
1934 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Massachusetts
People from Lynn, Massachusetts
Tim Paumgartner

Tim Paumgartner (born 5 March 2005) is an Austrian professional footballer.He plays for FC Liefering as midfielder. He also plays for FC Salzburg in the UEFA Youth League 2021/22.
Club career
He started Fussball with his local clubs FC Puch and SV Kuchl. 2017 he came to the Red Bull Academy where he played in all ranks. Tim Paumgartner made his professional debut for FC Liefering on the 15 October 2021. He came in for Justin Omoregie during a 2-0 home 2. Liga win against Juniors OO.
While playing for Liefering he was the youngest player of the league. He also played for FC Salzburg's under-19 who won their group.
Career statistics
Club
Notes
References
Other websites
OFB profile
2005 births
Living people
Austrian footballers
Players of FC Liefering
Service (economics)

In economics and marketing, a service is an economic activity (e.g., labor) offered as a product. Although a service (i.e., the activity) is a non-material good, the result it produces may be a material good depending on the service. For example, a construction service may produce a material good, but a lawn mowing service may not. In most cases, the person or company buying the service does not obtain exclusive ownership of the service, but may take ownership of the material good, if one is produced.
Key attributes
Services can be described in terms of their main attributes.
Intangibility (cannot be touched) - They cannot be seen, handled, smelled, etc. There is no need for storage.
Because services are difficult to explain in advance, it is necessary to create a concrete image in the customer's mind to sell them. From the customer's point of view, this attribute makes it difficult to understand the value of services before the experience the service.
Perishability (If someone doesn't use it, it is lost.) - If someone cannot sell their services, their time is "lost". It is a lost economic opportunity. For example, a doctor that is booked for only two hours a day cannot later work those hours- she has lost her economic opportunity. Other service examples are airplane seats (once the plane departs, those empty seats cannot be sold), and theatre seats (sales end at a certain point).
Lack of transportability (cannot be transported) - Services tend to be consumed at the point of "production" (although this does not apply to outsourced business services).
Lack of homogeneity or, Variability (Each time it is different.) - Services are typically modified for each client or each new situation. Mass production of services is very difficult. This can be seen as a problem of quality (it's not always the same). For instance, on Monday a person was driven to his work by a taxi. Next Monday, when he is driven to work by a taxi, it is not the same, even if the taxi and the driver are the same.
Labour intensity (Most of it is work.) - Services usually mean human activity. Therefore, the human factor is often the key success factor in service industries. It is difficult to gain a dominant market share.
Demand fluctuations (It is asked for only when it is actually needed. That can change very quickly.) - It can be difficult to forecast demand (which is also true of many goods). Demand can vary by season, time of day, etc. For example, a restaurant may be busy at dinner time but not in the middle of the afternoon.
Buyer involvement (One cannot produce without contact with the consumer.) - Most service provision requires a high degree of interaction between client and service provider.
Client-Based Relationships (When the customer is happy once he will not change the provider even if there is a cheaper one.) - Is based on creating long-term business relationships. Accountants, attorneys, and financial advisers maintain long-term relationships with their clients for decades. These repeat consumers refer friends and family helping to create a client-based relationship.
Related pages
Service sector
Economics
Roquefort-sur-Garonne

For other uses, see Roquefort (disambiguation)
Roquefort-sur-Garonne is a commune of 715 people (1999). It is located in the region Midi-Pyrenees in the Haute-Garonne department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Haute-Garonne
Arturo Mercado

Arturo Mercado (born December 7, 1940) is a Mexican voice actor.
Filmography
Animated roles
Disney's House of Mouse - Jiminy Cricket, Ludwig Von Drake
DuckTales - Uncle Scrooge McDuck
Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! - Shaggy Rogers
The New Scooby-Doo Movies - Robin
The Smurfs - Grandpa Smurf, Hefty Smurf, Jokey Smurf, Peewit
Film roles
A Bug's Life - Mr. Soil
Anastasia - Czar Nicholas II
Atlantis: The Lost Empire - Gaetan Moliere, Atlantean #7, Squad Leader
Babe - Ferdinand, Rex
Bambi - Flower (adult)
Beauty and the Beast - Beast
Bedknobs and Broomsticks - Colonel Heller, Secretary Bird, Swinburne
Cars - Mack, Auto
Finding Nemo - Gill
Hercules - Amphitryon
Home on the Range - Man on Train
James and the Giant Peach - Beat Cop
Little Shop of Horrors - Orin Scrivello
Mary Poppins - Bert, Mr. Dawes Sr.
Muppet Treasure Island - Long John Silver, Waldorf
Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End - Governor Wetherby Swann, Parrot
Ratatouille - Mustafa, Dining Patron
Robin Hood - Nutsy
Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron - Sgt. Adams
Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi - Yoda
Tarzan - Tantor, Elephant #1
The Emperor's New Groove - Villager #4
The Fox and the Hound - Adult Copper
The Great Mouse Detective - Fidget
The Incredibles - Elderly Spectator #1, Principal, Guard #2
The Lion King - Simba (adult)
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh - Gopher
The Muppets' Wizard of Oz - Clifford, Sal Minella, Waldorf as Kalidah Critic
The Nightmare Before Christmas - Dr. Finkelstein
The Rescuers - Luke, The Chairman
The Simpsons Movie - Tom Hanks
Tom and Jerry: The Movie - Tom
Toy Story - Hamm, Aliens, Alien, Robot, Mr. Spell
Toy Story 2 - Hamm, Mr. Konishi, Passenger #2, Green Army Man #3
Treasure Planet - Grewnge
Up - Construction Foreman Tom
1940 births
Living people
Mexican voice actors
Jeffrey Jones

Jeffrey Duncan Jones (born September 28, 1946) is an American movie, television, voice, and stage actor who is best known for his roles as Emperor Joseph II in Milos Forman's Amadeus, Charles Deetz in Beetlejuice, and Dean of Students Edward R. Rooney in the 1986 John Hughes movie Ferris Bueller's Day Off.
Jones was born on September 28, 1946 in Buffalo, New York. He studied at Lawrence University and at London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. He has a son from a previous relationship. In 2002 Jones was arrested; he was later convicted of a sex offense and will serve four years in jail and 250 hours of community service.
References
Other websites
1946 births
Living people
American movie actors
American sex offenders
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
People convicted of child pornography offenses
Criminals from New York (state)
Actors from Buffalo, New York
1258

Events
c. January - A giant volcano erupts. No one is sure where, but it may have been in a tropical location like El Chichon, Mexico or Quilotoa, Ecuador. Observed effects of the eruption include the following anecdotal accounts: dry fog in France; lunar eclipses in England; severe winter in Europe; a "harsh" spring in Northern Iceland; famine in England, Western Germany, France, and Northern Italy; and pestilence in London, parts of France, Austria, Iraq, Syria, and South-East Turkey.
February 10 - Battle of Baghdad (1258) - Hulagu Khan's Mongol forces overrun Baghdad. The city was the center of Islamic culture and learning and capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. The Mongols burned the city to the ground, and killed many people.
Llywelyn the Last declares himself Prince of Wales. He is the last ruler of an independent Wales before its conquest by the English.
King Henry III of England is forced by seven powerful barons to accept the Provisions of Oxford, effectively ending the absolute monarchy in England by requiring the calling of a parliament.
The Chinese era Baoyou ends in the Northern Song Dynasty of China.
Civil unrest in northern Italy starts the medieval musical form of Geisslerlieder, songs of repentance sung by wandering bands of Flagellants.
Gissur Thorvaldsson is made Earl of Iceland by King Haakon IV of Norway.
Korea surrenders to Mongols.
Births
Arghun, fourth Ilkhanate ruler of Iran (approximate date; died 1291)
Osman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire (died 1326)
Deaths
February 20 - Al-Musta'sim, last Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad
August 18 - Theodore II Lascaris, emperor of Nicea (Byzantine Emperor in exile)
Hong Bok-won, Goryeo commander who later served the Mongol Empire
Meinhard I of Gorizia-Tyrol (born c. 1200)
Abu-l-Hassan ash-Shadhili, Moroccan spiritual leader (born 1175)
Clement of Dunblane,13th-century Dominican friar who was the first member of the Dominican Order in Britain to become a bishop
Notes
1994 Algarve Cup

The 1994 Algarve Cup was the inaugural edition of the Algarve Cup, an invitational women's association football tournament. It took place between 16 and 20 March 1994 in Portugal with Norway winning the event, defeating the US, 1-0 in the final game. Sweden ended up third defeating Denmark, 1-0, in the game for third prize.
References
1994 in sports
1994 in Europe
March 1994 events
Algarve Cup
Chisago City, Minnesota

Chisago City is a city in Chisago County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
Ralph P. Locke

Ralph P. Locke (born 1949) is an American music researcher and professor emeritus of musicology at Eastman School of Music in New York. He one of the most well known classical music critics in the United States. He founded the Eastman Studies in Music series. He is a contributor to The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians and several other books, and has been editor of several journals. He is also "one of the most published musicologists on orientalism and music." Locke earned his bachelor's degree at Harvard University and his doctorate at the University of Chicago.
Selected works
Music and the Exotic from the Renaissance to Mozart, Cambridge University Press, 2015
Musical Exoticism: Images and Reflections, Cambridge University Press, 2009
Cultivating Music in America: Women Patrons and Activists since 1860, University of California Press, 1997
Music, Musicians, and the Saint-Simonians, University of Chicago Press, 1986
References
Musicologists
Academics from New York City
1949 births
Blakely, Georgia

The city of Blakely is the county seat of Early County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 5,068.
References
County seats in Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Arrival of the Hungarians

The Arrival of the Hungarians () is a large cyclorama painting made mainly by Hungarian painter Arpad Feszty showing the beginning of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin in 895. The painting was completed in 1894 for the 1000th anniversary of the event.
References
1890s paintings
Hazing

Hazing (American English), initiation, beasting (British English), bastardisation (Australian English), or ragging (South Asian English) means making new people in a group do dangerous, stupid, or unpleasant things (activities.) These are things that humiliate, embarrass, degrade, or endanger someone even if the person agrees to do them. Hazing is a type of bullying. Sex acts, drinking too much alcohol or eating too much food are often part of hazing. An illegal sex act that sometimes happens is that several or many young men (one after another) rape (have sex with someone without the person's agreement or consent.) Usually the person raped is a woman who is drunk, drugged, or being held down. Sometimes gross or disgusting things are done to new people in the group. An example is holding the new person's head in a garbage can or in a toilet. For gangs, committing a murder is sometimes a thing new members are made to do. For gangs, it is not called hazing. It is called an initiation rite.
Hazing happens in many different types of social groups, including schools, colleges, universities, sports teams, cliques (groups of students who others consider popular or special), military units, prisons, gangs, fraternities and sororities, and workplaces. The types of workplaces where hazing is common are usually jobs like construction or factory jobs more than office jobs, although "team building" activities at offices can be very close to hazing.
Hazing is often against rules, but teachers or bosses ignore it ("look the other way") and say they did not see it happen.
Sometimes people die because of hazing. For example, a student might drink too much alcohol and fall off a roof.
Required physical training such as being forced to run a long distance or do a lot of push-ups in an army is not called hazing, even though some people might die doing it.
References
Human behavior
Zealand

Zealand (Danish: Sjaelland) is an island in the eastern part of Denmark. It is just west of Sweden and a strait called the Oresund lies between the two. It has an area of 7,031 km2 and is the largest island in the country.
About 2,268,000 people were living in Zealand as of 2016. Most of these people live in and around Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, which is on the eastern shore of Zealand.
A number of bridges and tunnels link Zealand to other parts of Denmark. They include:
the Great Belt Bridge, which links Zealand to Funen, an island to the west.
the Storstrom Bridge, which links Zealand to Lolland, an island to the south.
the Oresund Bridge, which links Zealand (actually the island of Amager) to Sweden to the east, near Malmo.
Islands of Denmark
Region Zealand
Capital Region of Denmark
Fernan Lake Village, Idaho

Fernan Lake Village is a city in Idaho in the United States.
Cities in Idaho
Barking, Suffolk

Barking is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 440 people living in Barking.
References
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Kjeld Kirk Kristiansen

Kjeld Kirk Kristiansen (; born 27 December 1947) is a Danish businessman. He is the former president and CEO of The Lego Group from 1979 to 2004.
According to Forbes, Kristiansen is the third richest Dane, with a net worth of $4.7 billion as of February 2020. He is the grandson of Lego founder Ole Kirk Christiansen.
References
1947 births
Living people
Danish businesspeople
Lego
Subiakto Tjakrawerdaya

Subiakto Tjakrawerdaya (10 August 1944 - 2 January 2021) was an Indonesian politician and businessman. He was born in the Cilacap Regency, Dutch East Indies. He was a member of the National Awakening Party. He was Minister of Cooperatives and Small Business from 1993 to 1998 during the Suharto presidency.
Tjakrawedaya died on 2 January 2021 at a Jakarta hospital from COVID-19 at the age of 76.
References
1944 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Indonesian politicians
Indonesian businesspeople
Clube Náutico Capibaribe

Clube Nautico Capibaribe also known as Nautico, is a Brazilian sports club, including a professional football team, in Recife, Pernambuco. Nautico, as of 2021, is competing in the Serie B.
Brazilian football clubs
Recife
1931 establishments in Brazil
Ermanaric

Ermanaric (; ; ; ; died 376) was a Ostrogothic king of the Greuthungian tribe.
The main source on his life is the 6th-century Roman historian Jordanes.
Said to have died when he was 110, he appears in Germanic legend as a vicious and warlike ruler. He ruled over much of modern Ukraine before the Huns invaded in 370 AD.
260s births
370s deaths
Kings and queens
Longevity claims
Make Way for Ducklings

Make Way for Ducklings is a children's picture book written and illustrated by Robert McCloskey. It was first printed in 1941. The book is about two mallard ducks who decide to raise their family on an island in the lagoon in Boston Public Garden, a park in the middle of Boston, Massachusetts.
Make Way for Ducklings won the 1942 Caldecott Medal for McCloskey's pictures, drawn in charcoal, then lithographed on zinc. In 2003, the book had sold more than two million copies. The book was so popular a statue of a mother duck and her eight ducklings were set up in the Public Garden. In 1991, Barbara Bush gave a copy of this statue to Raisa Gorbachev as part of the START Treaty, and the work is in Moscow's Novodevichy Park.
The book is the official children's book of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The book is still highly praised for over 60 years because of its pictures and pace. However, it was criticised for having a loose plot (story) and weak characters. The book is very popular around the world.
References
1941 books
English-language picture books
Boston Herald

The Boston Herald is a daily newspaper published in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, and its surrounding area. It was started in 1846. It is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography. In 1981, it became a tabloid newspaper.
Newspapers in Massachusetts
Doctorate

A doctorate is a higher degree earned by passing a doctoral dissertation at a university. Usually, it refers to a Doctor of Philosophy, but it can also be an Doctor of Medicine or an Juris Doctor. There are different levels of doctorate including professional doctorate such as Doctor of Pharmacy, Juris Doctor (professional degree in law) and higher doctorates that require unique, independent research such as Doctor of Laws, Ph.Ds and Doctor of Science. Colleges often give honorary doctorates to famous people who speak there.
References
Academia
Qualifications
Academic degrees
Magliaso

Magliaso is a municipality in the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Ticino
Saroj Khan

Saroj Khan (born Nirmala Nagpal; 22 November 1948 - 3 July 2020) was an Indian dance choreographer in Hindi cinema. She was born at the Bombay State (present day Maharashtra), India. She was known as "The Mother of Dance/Choreography in India". Her best known works was choreographing for Mr. India, Nagina and Chandni.
Khan died on 3 July 2020 from cardiac arrest at a Mumbai hospital, aged 71.
References
1948 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian choreographers
Indian dancers
Vice President of Laos

Vice President of Laos is the political position in Laos created in 1996. The Vice President is elected by the National Assembly of Laos.
List
The history of the office holders follows.
References
Related pages
President of Laos
Federal Republic of Central America

The Federal Republic of Central America was known as the United Provinces of Central America in its first year of creation. It was an independent nation in Central America. It was made up of the former territories of the Captaincy General of Guatemala. It existed from September 1821 to 1841. It was a republican democracy.
The republic was made up of the present-day countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica (Panama was part of the Republica de Colombia in 1821). Los Altos was added to the republic in the 1830's. Its capital was Quetzaltenango. Although the nation was independent of Spain, it had been annexed by the First Mexican Empire.
History of Central America
1823 establishments in North America
1838 disestablishments
19th-century disestablishments in North America
Seru Rabeni

Ratu Seru Raveive Rabeni (27 December 1978 - 15 March 2016) was a Fijian rugby union player. He played as a centre or wing. He played for the Fiji national rugby union team from 2000 through 2011. Rabeni was known in both club and international level for his physicality and bone crunching tackles, earning him the nickname "Rambo".
Rabeni died in Fiji from a heart attack on 15 March 2016, aged 37.
References
Other websites
Leeds profile
Tigers profile
Fiji profile
Pacific Islanders profile
Scrum profile
1978 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Fijian rugby union players
Dennis Rader

Dennis Lynn Rader (born March 9, 1945 ) is an American serial killer. He murdered 10 people near Wichita, Kansas between 1974 and 1991. He was known as the BTK killer (or the BTK strangler). BTK stands for Bind, Torture, Kill. He was named this because that was what he did to the people he killed. Letters were written soon after the killings and sent to police and to local news outlets. They talked about the crimes. The letters had information which only the killer and police knew about the crimes. The letters stopped being sent for a long time. In 2004, they started being sent again. This led to him being located in 2005 and found guilty of the murders. Rader was sentenced to at least 175 years imprisonment.
References
1945 births
Living people
American prisoners
American serial killers
People from Kansas
Henry Northcote, 1st Baron Northcote

Henry Stafford Northcote, 1st Baron Northcote (18 November 1846 - 29 September 1911) was a British Conservative politician. He served as the third Governor-General of Australia from January 1904 to September 1908. Before this, he served as Governor of Bombay from 1900 to 1903. He also served as a member of Parliament for Exeter.
Northcote was born in London, Middlesex. His father was Conservative politician Sir Stafford Northcote. He was married to Alice Stephen. He died in Ashford, Kent, at the age of 64.
References
1846 births
1911 deaths
Governors-General of Australia
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Politicians from London
United Kingdom Barons
Adyghe language

The Adyghe language is one of the two main languages of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation. It is spoken by many tribes of the Adyghe people. The language is called by its speakers "Adygebze" or "Ad@gabza", and can also be spelled in English as Adygean, Adygeyan or Adygei. It is also called Circassian.
References
Languages of Russia
Caucasian languages
Adygea
Dannemarie-sur-Crète

Dannemarie-sur-Crete is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Soundtrack

A soundtrack, also written sound track, can be recorded music that is synchronized to the images of a motion picture. Soundtracks can also be part of a book, television program, radio program or video game. A commercially released soundtrack album can be of music from a film or TV show. The term can also mean the physical area of photographic film that contains the synchronized recorded sound.
History
In 1896 when people saw the first motion picture someone played music to go along with it. This was the era of the silent movie meaning only that the actors did not speak. A musician played different music to show drama, the character types and the storyline. There was music to introduce war, indians, cowboys and other types to the scenes. There was special music to introduce the hero. Even the villain had his own musical pieces to identify him. Finally, in 1927 moviemakers figured out how to include a soundtrack on the film. The movie The Jazz Singer was the first musical where the audience could hear Al Jolson perform.
References
Movie terminology
Sound
Twinstead

Twinstead is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 165 people living in Twinstead.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Lubomir Kavalek

Lubomir (Lubosh) Kavalek (, August 9, 1943 - January 18, 2021) was a Czech-American chess player.
He was awarded both the International Master and Grandmaster titles by FIDE in 1965. He won two Czechoslovak and three U.S. championships, and was ranked as the world's #10 player in 1974.
Kavalek was also a chess coach, organizer, teacher, commentator, author and award-winning columnist. He was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Kavalek died on January 18, 2021 in Renton, Washington at the age of 77.
References
1943 births
2021 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Czechoslovak sportspeople
American chess players
Chess grandmasters
Lip balm

Lip balm is a product which is put on lips so they will not dry when a person is outside in the sun and wind. Lip balm is usually made from petrolatum. Some types of lip balm also include sunscreen to protect the lips from sunburn. Lip balm comes in tubes and small pots with screw-on lids. Lip balm is often used during the winter, because the cold winter winds can dry out a person's lips so that they are cracked and hurting (this is called having "chapped" lips).
Care
Helvetia, West Virginia

Helvetia is a census-designated place (CDP) in Randolph County, West Virginia, USA. The population was 59 at the 2010 census. The community was settled by Swiss starting in 1869, and is known today for maintaining Swiss traditions, food, and folkways.
References
Census-designated places in West Virginia
Manuel Alejandro

Manuel Alvarez-Beigbeder Perez (born 20 February 1933), better known as Manuel Alejandro, is a Spanish composer. He is known for writing Latin love songs, which are better known as ballads. He has written, composed, and arranged songs for Luis Miguel, Placido Domingo, Nino Bravo, Julio Iglesias,Raphael, Hernaldo Zuniga, Jose Jose, Jose Luis Rodriguez, Emmanuel, Enrique Guzman, Isabel Pantoja, Rocio Jurado, Rudy Marquez, and Jeanette, among many others. He was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain.
References
Other websites
1933 births
Living people
Spanish composers
Jared Kushner

Jared Corey Kushner (born January 10, 1981) is an American real estate investor and developer and newspaper publisher. He was the senior advisor to his father-in-law, President Donald Trump.
Career
With White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus and Chief Strategist Steve Bannon, he forms Trump's leadership team. Kushner is said to be President Trump's most trusted advisor, showing "unwavering loyalty" to his father-in-law.
In August 24, 2017, Jared Kushner visited Israel to meet Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. He went to Palestine to meet President Mahmoud Abbas in an attempt to restart a peace process in the Middle East.
Kushner married Trump's daughter Ivanka Trump in 2009. They have three children.
References
1981 births
Living people
Businesspeople from New Jersey
Harvard University alumni
Jewish businesspeople
New York University alumni
Real estate developers
Trump family
People from Livingston, New Jersey
Hurricane Irma

Hurricane Irma was a Category 5 hurricane in 2017, the 9th named storm, 4th hurricane, 2nd major hurricane, and a 1st Category 5 hurricane of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. Irma is also the 4th consecutive hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season--after Franklin, Gert, and Harvey. The storm threatened the Leeward Islands, Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Irma was also forecast to threaten the East Coast of the United States, but later forecast to hit Southwest Florida.
Irma was the first major hurricane to develop in the eastern Atlantic since Hurricane Julia in 2010. The storm developed on August 30, 2017 near the Cape Verde islands. On September 5, 2017, the storm became a Category 5 hurricane. It had maximum sustained winds of 180 miles per hour since Hurricane Wilma in twelve years earlier. As it hit landfall, Irma went down to a Category 2 hurricane. Irma was the easternmost Category 5 hurricane on record in the Atlantic Ocean.
Hurricane or tropical storm watches and warnings were issued from Haiti to Dominica.
Hurricane Irma inflicted $77 billion worth of damage especially in Florida after making landfall in Florida.
Due to significant amount of damage and loss of life from the storm especially in Florida, the name Irma was retired in April 2018 by the World Meteorological Organization, and it was replaced with Idalia for the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season.
References
2017 disasters
2017 in North America
Irma
Irma
Saint Martin
September 2017 events
Irma
Irma
Dogfight

A dogfight is a close air fight between fighter planes. It often involves turning, climbing, and swirling.
Dogfights started during World War I when the fighter planes did not have many weapons.
The first aerial dogfight occurred during the Battle of Cer (15-24 August 1914), when Serbian aviator Miodrag Tomic encountered an Austro-Hungarian plane while performing a reconnaissance mission over Austro-Hungarian positions. The Austro-Hungarian pilot initially waved, and Tomic waved back. The Austro-Hungarian pilot then fired at Tomic with his revolver. Tomic produced a pistol of his own and fired back. Tomic managed to escape, and within several weeks, all Serbian and Austro-Hungarian planes were fitted with machine-guns.
Modern weapons such as homing missiles did not exist in that time, and planes could only fight each other with machine guns. Since the machine guns were only useful at close range, the planes had to fly very close together to have combat. Pilots had to fly with many maneuvers to try to not be shot, and be able to shoot the enemy planes. This new type of flying was named dogfighting. Fighter planes made just for this type of flying were sometimes called dogfighters. During World War II many had autocannons firing small, explosive artillery shells. They kept farther apart so they would not be destroyed quickly.
In modern air combat, there are many long range weapons that can be used before dogfighting. Homing missiles can be fired much further away from the target than machine guns, and will automatically try to follow the target. These types of weapons make dogfighting less common, but modern planes still have Gatling guns, which are more advanced kinds of machine guns. This is because dogfighting still happens sometimes.
References
Military aviation
A & C Black

A & C Black is a British book publishing company.
The company was founded in 1807 by Adam and Charles Black in Edinburgh. It moved to the Soho district of London in 1889. In 1851, the company bought the copyright of Walter Scott's Waverley Novels for PS27,000. In 1902, it published P. G. Wodehouse's first book, The Pothunters.
People know the company best for being the publisher of the Who's Who, printed every year since 1897 and also, since 2002, the Whitaker's Almanack.
A & C Black bought both Christopher Helm Publishers and later the Pica Press, which are publishers of the Helm Identification Guides, written by Christopher Helm.
The company is now part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
Other websites
ACBlack.com corporate history
Bloomsbury Publishing corporate structure
Whitaker's Almanack
Publishing companies of the United Kingdom
Book publishing companies
1807 establishments
1800s establishments in the United Kingdom
Kowloon Walled City

Kowloon Walled City was a tiny Chinese enclave in Hong Kong.
It was a military fort for hundreds of years, but later became a very dense settlement. In 1980, the city had about 35,000 people on about 20,000 m2 of land, making it one of the most densely populated places on earth. It was torn down in 1993, and a park called Kowloon Walled City Park was built in 1994.
The area where Kowloon Walled City was located is now called Kowloon City. It is part of the Kowloon City District of Kowloon, Hong Kong. At the end of the whole destruction process of the Kowloon Walled City, 51% of people had to go to temporary housing just outside the walled city. When they destroyed the walled city it was hard to destroy all the walled city's machinery. The walled city was known for its brothels, dentists, and opium houses.
References
Other websites
Tofu Magazine article on Kowloon Walled City
Video exploring Kowloon Walled City
Photos of Kowloon Walled City Park
Geography of Hong Kong
Shanty towns
Giulia Rulli

Giulia Rulli is a basketball player from Italy. Rulli competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 3 June 1991.
References
Other websites
1991 births
Living people
Italian basketball players
Italian Olympians
Sportspeople from Rome