pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tajdid

Tajdid () is an Arabic word that means "renewal". It is usually put together with din to mean "renewal of the religion." A similar but less common expression is ihya' al-din (), which may be translated as "revival of the religion."
The purpose of the tajdid (renewal or revival) is to implement this ideal model in Muslims' lives, wherever and whenever Muslim society exists. This purpose implies that tajdid is a continuous effort by Muslims always to explain Islam and make it applicable in continually changing situations without violating its principles.
The notion of tajdid in the Islamic tradition can be traced back to the Prophet Muhammad, who said that "At the start of each century there will arise in this ummah (the Muslim community) those who will call for a religious renewal". Such people (mujaddids, or renewers of Islam), are believed to always come in the time when Muslim community departs from the true path defined by the Qur'an and sunnah (example of the Prophet). The task of the mujaddid, therefore, is to return Muslims to their basic sources (the Qur'an and sunnah), to clean Islam from all un-Godly elements, to present Islam and make it flourish more or less in its original pure form and spirit.
The tradition of a renewal of the faith went back to Islam's first century, with the caliph Umar II ('Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz), who came to power in the Muslim year 99 and was particularly revered for his piety, in contrast to his predecessors. He was viewed as a renewer of the faith in an age of increasingly profane rule, and later mujaddids and their movements in various parts of the Islamic world followed his precedent.
References
A Quest For True Islam: A Study of the Islamic Resurgence Movement among the Youth in Bandung, Indonesia by Rifki Rosyad.
Islam
Arabic words and phrases
Benbecula

Benbecula () is an island of the Outer Hebrides in the Atlantic Ocean off the west coast of Scotland. It forms part of the area administered by the Western Isles Council.
In the 2001 census it had a resident population of 1,249, with a sizable percentage of Roman Catholics. This is slightly unusual because the Highlands and Islands is generally the religious territory of the Wee Frees, the Free Church of Scotland and its various offshoots.
References
Outer Hebrides
Saint-Paul-le-Jeune

Saint-Paul-le-Jeune is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Buchenbach

Buchenbach is a municipality in the southwest of the Black Forest in Germany. It is in Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Wurttemberg. It is made up of four communities, the main town of Buchenbach and the villages of Falkensteig, Unteribental and Wagensteig.
References
Other websites
Official municipality website
Buchenbach: History and pictures
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
Thomas Mitchell

Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (June 15, 1792 - October 5, 1855) became Surveyor-General of New South Wales and laid out many Australian towns and roads. He also went on four main expeditions to explore south eastern Australia.
Early life
Thomas Mitchell was born in Craigend, now part of Glasgow, Scotland on June 15, 1792. He worked in his uncle's colliery (coal mine) business. He joined the British Army in 1811 with the rank of lieutenant. He fought in the Peninsula War in Spain against Napoleon. As well as actual fighting, he worked as a surveyor and made maps. After the war he made maps of the battlefields. He was made a Major in 1826, but was then put on half pay.
Surveyor-General
Mitchell was given a job as a surveyor in New South Wales in September 1827. His job was to map roads, and join existing small maps into one big map that showed all of New South Wales. After John Oxley died in 1828, Mitchell was made the Surveyor-General, in charge of all the survey work. He planned and improved the layout of roads, bridges, towns, and public reserves.
References
Australian Encyclopaedia Vol. 6, pgs. 110-112, Angus and Roberston, 1958
Australian explorers
Exploration of Australia
1792 births
1855 deaths
Scottish explorers
People from Glasgow
Alexander ALX300

The Alexander ALX300 (later known as the TransBus ALX300 and the Alexander Dennis ALX300) was a single-decker bus body. It was built by Alexander and then Transbus International and then Alexander Dennis from 1997 to 2007 respectively. It was made for low-floor bus chassis produced from the late 1990s.
The body could be built on the MAN 18.220 chassis, MAN 18.240 chassis, DAF SB220 chassis or Volvo B10BLE chassis.
Buses
Duquesne, Pennsylvania

Duquesne is a city in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. 5,565 people lived here at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
My Life (Billy Joel song)

"My Life" is a 1978 song by Billy Joel and is the leading single from his sixth studio album 52nd Street. It went to number 1 in Zimbabwe, number 2 in South Africa, number 3 in Canada, Ireland and the United States, number 4 in Switzerland, number 6 in Australia, France and New Zealand, number 11 in Austria, number 12 in the United Kingdom and number 13 in Spain. It was used as the theme song to ABC sitcom Bosom Buddies from 1980 to 1982.
References
1978 songs
Billy Joel songs
Andi Zeqiri

Andi Zeqiri (born 22 June 1999) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a striker for FC Augsburg, on loan from Brighton & Hove Albion, and the Swiss national team.
Career statistics
Club
International
Honours
Lausanne
Swiss Challenge League: 2015-16, 2019-20
References
Other websites
1999 births
Living people
Association football forwards
Swiss footballers
Premier League players
FC Augsburg players
People from Lausanne
Sauveterre-de-Guyenne

Sauveterre-de-Guyenne is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Ring-necked snake

Diadophis punctatus, also called the ring-necked snake, is a species of snake. Ring-necked snakes live in eastern and central North America. There are many colors and patterns of ring-necked snake. It is called the ring-necked snake because it has a stripe around its neck that looks like a ring.
Ring-necked snakes live in the United States, central Mexico, and southeastern Canada. Ring-necked snakes are nocturnal, which means that they are awake at night. Ring-necked snakes are a little venomous, but they do not hurt people. This is because they are small and do not bite people much. When ring-necked snakes are scared, they curl up their tails.
Scientists think that there are many ring-necked snakes. Scientists do not know exactly how many ring-necked snakes there are. This is because scientists have not studied ring-necked snakes very much.
Ring-necked snakes are the only species of snake in their genus. There are 14 subspecies of ring-necked snake.
Description
Ring-necked snakes are usually dark-colored, with a bright stripe around their necks. Ring-necked snakes that live in different areas may look different. Their heads are usually darker-colored than the rest of their bodies.
Snakes living in different areas are often different sizes. Adults are usually long. Young snakes less than a year old are usually about and grow about a year.
Ring-necked snakes have smooth scales with 15-17 rows of scales in middle of their bodies.
Habitat
Ring-necked snakes live in many kinds of habitats. The Northern and western subspecies live in open woodlands near rocky hills, or in wetter environments with many places to hide. Southern subspecies mostly live in riparian and wet environments, especially in more arid, or dry, habitats. The snakes like it when their habitat is a little wet. Ring-necked snakes do not live higher than above sea level. In northern areas, ring-necked snakes may live in dens. Usually, more than one snake will live in one den. Ring-necked snakes often hide under pieces of wood. When it is hot, ring-necked snakes may make holes and burrows to hide in. They may also hide under rocks or other objects. Ring-necked snakes usually live in flatland forests.
Diet
Ring-necked snakes mostly eat salamanders, earthworms, and slugs. They sometimes eat lizards, frogs, and some young snakes of other species. Ring-necked snakes in different habitats may eat different amounts of some species. Ring-necked snakes kill their prey with constriction, which is squeezing prey to kill it, and envenomation, which is using their venom. Ring-necked snakes usually don't try to hurt bigger animals. Instead of biting bigger animals, the snake curls up its tail, showing its brightly colored stomach.
Predators
Coral snakes, kingsnakes, and racers are predators of ring-necked snakes. Sometimes, large spiders or centipedes will eat young ring-necked snakes.
Subspecies
There are 14 subspecies of ring-necked snake.
Gallery
References
Snakes of North America
Colubrids
Saint-Gilles, Belgium

Saint-Gilles (in French) or Sint-Gillis (in Dutch) is one of the nineteen municipalities in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium.
In 1830, Brussels became the capital of newly founded Belgium. As a result, the rural village of Saint-Gilles went through a big growth. The population went from 2,500 around 1800 to more than 33,000 in 1880 to a peak of 60,000 in 1910.
The pattern of the streets was completely remodeled in the 1860s by architect and urbanist Victor Besme. These were the years when the Louise Avenue, the Brussels-South railway station, and the new Saint Giles church were built. They were soon followed by the new jail and city hall. Today, Saint-Gilles is one of the densest municipalities of the Brussels agglomeration.
Sights
Particular architectural delights are found in the dozen or more Art Nouveau houses designed by masters such as Horta, Struyvens, and Hankar. The house that Horta designed for himself, now the Horta Museum, is there, on Rue Americaine/Amerikaansestraat. Several of those houses have been recognized as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 2000.
The imposing town hall, built between 1900 and 1904, looks larger than it is, and looks like a French chateau with Venetian overtones.
The extant Gothic revival jail and the demolished Palais de la Monnaie/Munthof (mint) both date from the 1880s, while Saint Giles's church was built in 1867.
There is not a lot of open space in the municipality, although the Forest park is on its western side.
Politics
The local council usually has a socialist majority. The mayor as of 2012 is Charles Picque. He is also Minister-President of the Brussels-Capital Region.
Events
Saint-Gilles hosts:
an annual open day for local artists, the Parcours des Artistes
the annual festival of Brussels's Portuguese community
an annual winegrowers' festival (fete des vignerons)
Famous inhabitants
Jef Lambeaux, sculptor (1852-1908)
Victor Horta, Art Nouveau architect (1861-1947)
Pierre Paulus, expressionist painter (1881-1959)
Paul Delvaux, surrealist painter (1897-1994)
Paul-Henri Spaak, politician and statesman (1899-1972)
Sports
Saint Gilles has a football club called Royal Union Saint Gilloise. They were successful until the 1930s.
References
Municipalities of Brussels-Capital Region
World Heritage Sites in Belgium
Early modern period

The early modern period of human history, is a time from 15001800 (roughly). This time follows the Middle Ages. It is the start of recognizable nations that we know today.
In the history of Europe, the early modern period follows the Medieval period. It begins around the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, and includes the Renaissance period, and the Age of Discovery. It includes the discovery of America, and the discovery of the sea route to the East. It ends around the French Revolution in 1789.
Europe
In 1453 Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire. Science, transport, and communications improved. This is also called the Renaissance. For European countries with many ships, this was the Age of Discovery. Europe was beginning to expand to the New World.
Trade with Asia was common, after Europeans found their way around Africa and into the Indian Ocean. Late in this period the European countries started setting up colonies there.
Asia
The Mughal Empire began in 1526. This Empire had a orderly government, widespread economic prosperity and religious tolerance. At this time Asia was flourishing in Math and Science. Also the Ottoman Empire was ruling the Middle East, along with the Persian Empire.
Related pages
Renaissance
References
Discussion of the medieval/modern transition from the introduction to the pioneering Cambridge Modern History (1903)
Society for Renaissance Studies
Periods and ages in history
Suzanne Tremblay

Suzanne Tremblay (; January 24, 1937 - September 26, 2020) was a Canadian politician. He was born in Montreal. He was a Bloc Quebecois member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1993 to 2004. In 1997, she was Opposition House Leader for a short time.
Tremblay died on September 26, 2020 in Rimouski, Quebec from cancer, aged 83.
References
1937 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Canada
Politicians from Montreal
Khalid Boulahrouz

Khalid Boulahrouz (born 28 December 1981) is a Dutch football player. He plays for Brondby IF since October 2013 and Netherlands national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="4"|Waalwijk||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2002/03||31||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|-
|2003/04||29||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||4
|-
|2004/05||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Hamburg||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||24||1||2||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||2
|-
|2005/06||28||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0||34||0
|-
|2006/07||Chelsea||Premier League||13||0||2||0||3||0||5||0||23||0
|-
|2007/08||Sevilla||La Liga||6||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||8||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Stuttgart||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||21||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0||29||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
64||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||64||4
73||1||3||1||colspan="2"|-||13||0||89||2
13||0||2||0||3||0||5||0||23||0
6||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||8||0
156||5||6||1||3||0||19||0||184||6
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2004||3||0
|-
|2005||7||0
|-
|2006||9||0
|-
|2007||2||0
|-
|2008||6||0
|-
|2009||1||0
|-
|2010||7||0
|-
!Total||35||0
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from South Holland
Avrilly, Allier

Avrilly is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Voiced bilabial plosive

The voiced bilabial stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is <> . The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is . The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by "b" in bear and about.
Features
Examples
Notes
References
Consonants
Vallahades

The Vallahades () or Valaades () also Patrioytlar were a Muslim-Greek people population of the Bektashi-Tarika who lived along the river Haliacmon in southwest Macedonia (Greece); in and around Anaselitsa (modern Neapoli) and Grevena. The Greek term Vallahades derived from the Muslim word Vallahi, the meaning of this word is: (By Allah). They were expelled from Greece to Turkey after the Treaty of Lausanne at The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey. They settled there in East Thrace and Anatolia. and have become completely assimilated into the Turkish Muslim mainstream as Turks.
In Turkey this Group is known as Patriyotlar (Vatanseverler). The Patriyotlar once lived in the :en:Sanjak of Serfige. Because of their pro-Ottoman-Turkish attitude, at the Balkan Wars, this Group of Muslims were called patriotes (patriotes) by the Greeks. The name Patriyotlar in Turkish means Vatanseverler. At the Population exchange between Greece and Turkey about Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, this Muslim-Group was expelled by the Greeks and moved to Turkey and settled in Edirne, Luleburgaz, Corlu and Buyukcekmece in East Thrace and Samsun and Manisa and other Citys in Anatolia. The first Generation only speak Patriyotca a Macedonian-Greek dialect, and not Turkish, yet there descendants only speak Turkish and fully assimilated.
References
Ethnic groups in Turkey
CS Pandurii Târgu Jiu

Clubul Sportiv Pandurii Lignitul Targu Jiu (English: Targu Jiu Lignite Pandurs Sports Club) is a Romanian association football club from Targu Jiu, Gorj County. They currently play in the Liga II.
Pandurii Targu Jiu was founded in August 1963 after two clubs, Flacara-Unirea Targu Jiu and CIL Targu-Jiu, came together. Their best performance in the Liga I was 2nd place in the 2012/13 season. They then qualified for the 2013-14 UEFA Europa League, and made it to the group stage after defeating Levadia Tallinn, Hapoel Tel Aviv and Braga in the qualification and play-off rounds.
Since 1963, the club has played at the Stadionul Tudor Vladimirescu. The stadium was demolished in 2015, and a new stadium will be built which will hold 12,000 people.
Honours
Liga I
Runners-up (1): 2012-13
Third Place (1): 2015-16
Liga II
Winners (1): 2004-05
Runners-up (1): 2003-04
Liga III
Winners (4): 1976-77, 1978-79, 1985-86, 1999-00
Runners-up (2): 1975-76, 1983-84
Cups
Cupa Ligii
Runners-up (1): 2014-15
References
Other websites
Official website
CS Pandurii Targu Jiu at Liga I
Stadionul Tudor Vladimirescu
Romanian football clubs
1963 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Romania
Romain Grosjean

Romain Grosjean (born April 17, 1986 in Geneva, Switzerland) is a Formula One racing driver, who holds dual nationality from France and Switzerland, but competes under a French racing licence. He was the 2007 Formula Three Euroseries drivers' champion and the inaugural GP2 Asia Series champion. He driving 2022 IndyCars Series.
References
1986 births
Living people
French racecar drivers
Swiss racecar drivers
Formula One drivers
GP2 Series drivers
Sportspeople from Geneva
Element

Element can mean:
Chemical element, a substance that can not be divided into smaller chemical parts
The elements or weather
The four basic elements in mysticism, alchemy, mythology and fantasy fiction - Fire, Water, Air and Earth
A thing that a set holds
A book by Euclid called the Elements. In it, Euclid talks about geometry.
VOA Special English words
Gila monster

The Gila monster () is a venomous desert lizard. The Gila monster's name comes from the Gila River in Arizona, USA.
The Gila monster is heavy and slow for a lizard. It can grow up to 2 feet(60 cm) long. Its skin looks like beads and is black, pink, orange, and yellow. It looks a lot like the Mexican beaded lizard, which is its closest relative.
The Gila monster can bite quickly and hold on tightly, but it does not kill humans. It usually eats small rodents, young birds and eggs. The lizard chews its prey, injecting its venom (poison) into the animal through teeth in its lower jaw. The Gila monster can also store food in its tail.
In 2005 a medicine to treat diabetes was made from the Gila monster's saliva. Some people who take it call it "lizard spit" as a joke.
Reptiles of North America
Lizards
Plankenfels

Plankenfels is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Bayreuth (district)
Kimmswick, Missouri

Kimmswick is a city in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States.
Cities in Missouri
Parliament of Tasmania

The Parliament of Tasmania is the legislature of Tasmania. It is bicameral, meaning it has two chambers: a lower house (the House of Assembly) and an upper house (the Legislative Council).
Parliament sits at Parliament House in Hobart.
Notes
References
Tasmania
Zeitlarn

Zeitlarn is a municipality in Regensburg in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Regensburg (district)
Red-tailed hawk

The red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) is a buzzard. Sometimes it is called a chickenhawk, though it does not normally eat chickens. It is a bird of prey. It breeds throughout most of North America, from western Alaska and northern Canada and as far south as Panama and the West Indies. It weighs from to and its wingspan goes from to .
The red-tailed hawk is a carnivore and eats shrews and mice. They have keen eyesight to see even the smallest mouse scamper across a field. It can swoop down at least 80mph per hour. It will pick up its prey, dig its talons into its body and kill it and eat. It can swoop down so fast that it can pick up its prey in less than 5 seconds.
Because they are so common and easily trained, most hawks got for falconry in the United States are red-tails. Falconers may take only 'passage hawks' (which have left the nest, are on their own, but are less than a year old). This is so not to affect the breeding population. Adults, which may be breeding or rearing chicks, may not be taken for falconry purposes and it is illegal to do so.
Passage red-tailed hawks are also preferred by falconers because these younger birds have not yet developed adult behaviors, which would make training much more difficult.
Accipitriformes
Birds of North America
Pierre Nora

Pierre Nora (born 17 November 1931) is a French historian. He was elected to the Academie francaise on 7 June 2001. He is known for his work on French identity and memory. His name is associated with the study of new history. He is the brother of the late Simon Nora, former French officer.
From 1965 to 1977 he was first assistant and then lecturer at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris (Paris Institute of Political Science). Since 1977 he has been the director of studies at the Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales (School of higher studies in social sciences).
References
Other websites
L'Academie francaise
Biographical note of the l'Academie francaise
Catalogue of the Collection Archives of Gallimard Julliard (founded by Pierre Nora in 1964)
Conference of Pierre Nora in Blois on 15 October 2005
Building a Collective Consciousness on a National Scale: Jewish Historian Pierre Nora Defined What's Quintessentially French by Benjamin Ivry from The Jewish Daily Forward, issue of 17 June 2011.
1931 births
Living people
French historians
Writers from Paris
Dennis DeConcini

Dennis Webster DeConcini (born May 8, 1937) is an American lawyer, philanthropist, politician. He served as the Democratic U.S. Senator from Arizona from 1977 until his retirement in 1995. He was replaced by Jon Kyl. DeConcini was born in Tucson, Arizona.
In February 1995 DeConcini was appointed by President Bill Clinton to the Board of Directors of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), where he served until May 1999.
DeConcini is a member of the Board of Directors of the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children (ICMEC), a global nonprofit organization that combats child sexual exploitation, child pornography, and child abduction.
In June 2021, President Joe Biden nominated DeConcini as a Member of the Board of Trustees of the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship Foundation. His nomination was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in December 2021.
References
Other websites
Speaking about President Carter and Senate on KJZZ Radio
Parry, Romani, DeConcini & Symms
Deconcini Mcdonald Law Firm
Book Award
DeConcini Backs Senator Obama
1937 births
Living people
United States senators from Arizona
American philanthropists
Lawyers from Tucson, Arizona
American political writers
Writers from Tucson, Arizona
Politicians from Tucson, Arizona
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Diocese of Visby

The Diocese of Visby () is a diocese of the Church of Sweden, established in 1572. Covering Swedish Baltic Sea island of Gotland, it uses the Visby Cathedral as its seat.
Since November 2002, the diocese is also responsible for the Church of Sweden Abroad.
Other websites
Official website
1572 establishments
Visby
1570s establishments in Europe
16th-century establishments in Sweden
The Ollie & Moon Show

The Ollie & Moon Show is an Canadian/French animated television series developed by Diane Kredensor, Robert Vargas and David Michel. in 2017 for the Universal Kids television network.
List of characters
Ollie
Moon
Stanley
References
Fictional animals
American children's television series
Animated television series
Stanford, Kentucky

Stanford is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease, also called coronary heart disease, is a heart disease. ("Coronary" means "the blood vessels of the heart".) Coronary heart disease causes plaque to build up inside the coronary arteries. This causes the coronary arteries to become narrower. An artery is a blood vessel - a tube that carries blood. After the heart supplies blood that is full of oxygen and nutrients, the arteries carry the blood to different parts of the body. The coronary arteries are very important: they supply blood to the heart muscle. So when the coronary arteries become narrower, less blood gets to the heart muscle.
Symptoms
Most people with coronary heart disease can feel healthy for years before they start experiencing symptoms. The most common symptom is a heart attack. If coronary heart disease is not treated, some of the plaques in the coronary arteries can break away and block the blood flow to the heart. Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of sudden death. It is also the most common cause of death in people over 65 years old. Men are 10 times more likely to get coronary heart disease than women.
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a form of heart disease. It causes fatty materials (like cholesterol) to build up in the arteries, forming harder materials called plaques. This causes the arteries to become narrower. It also makes it more difficult for blood to flow through the arteries. This can cause blood clots to form, blocking blood from traveling through the arteries. Small pieces of plaque can also break off and block smaller blood vessels.
If an artery becomes blocked completely, it causes serious problems. All cells, tissues, and organs in the body need oxygen and nutrients (carried by blood) to survive. If cells or tissues are not supplied with enough blood, they will die. (This is called necrosis.) When this happens in the coronary arteries, a section of the heart dies. This can cause a myocardial infarction (a heart attack) to happen.
Prevention
People can do many different things to keep themselves from getting coronary heart disease:
They can change their diet. For example, they can eat fewer fatty foods, and take in as few saturated fats and avoiding trans fats as possible.
They can eat more vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grains.
They can avoid drinking alcohol, and can take in less salt.
They can exercise regularly.
They can avoid becoming overweight or obese by doing things to control their weight.
Heart disease
Elizabeth May

Elizabeth Evans May (born June 9, 1954) is an American-born Canadian politician. May was leader of the Green Party of Canada and Member of Parliament for Saanich--Gulf Islands. She is an environmentalist, author, activist, and lawyer, May served as the Executive Director of the Sierra Club of Canada from 1989 to 2006.
On May 2, 2011, she became the first member of the Green Party of Canada to be elected as a Member of Parliament.
May ran for re-election in the 2015 federal election in the riding of Saanich-Gulf Islands and was successful in regaining her seat in Parliament. After the 2015 election, she was the only Green Party member in the House of Commons. This changed on May 6, 2019, when Paul Manly was elected. Manly became the second Green Party member in the House of Commons.
After the 2019 Canadian federal election, May said she was going to stop being the leader of the Green Party.
References
1954 births
Living people
Canadian activists
Politicians from British Columbia
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia
Politicians from Hartford, Connecticut
Induction

Most common meanings
Inductive reasoning, used in science and the scientific method
Mathematical induction, a way of proving things in math
Electromagnetic induction in physics and engineering
Other articles
Induction (play), an opening scene in a play, notably used in early English plays
Rite of passage
Orientation week, an induction program for new students at Universities
Teacher induction, the support and guidance provided to novice educators in the early stages of their careers
Induction (teachers), the period of one year following qualification as a teacher in the United Kingdom
Induction program, the process used within many businesses to welcome new employees to the company and prepare them for their new role
In biology and chemistry:
Induction (biology) is the initiation or cause of a change or process in developmental biology
Enzyme induction and inhibition is a process in which a molecule (e.g. a drug) induces (i.e. initiates or enhances) or inhibits the expression of an enzyme
Induction (birth), induction of childbirth
asymmetric induction is the formation of one specific stereoisomer in the presence of a nearby chiral center
In psychology:
Induction procedure, the act of inducing a hypnotic state
Post Induction Therapy, a therapy which is based on the theory that childhood trauma, including child abuse and neglect, is the origin of developmental immaturity
Inductive reasoning aptitude, an aptitude or personality characteristic
In philosophy, logic, and computer science:
Inductive reasoning, used in science and the scientific method
Rhetorical induction
Backward induction in game theory and economics
Concept learning is the induction of a concept (category) from observations
Theoretical foundations of induction, see:
Computational learning theory
Version Space
Statistical Learning Theory
PAC Learning
Algorithmic Information Theory.
Concept learning, for citations to foundational work by Watanabe, Solomonoff, Rendell, etc.
In mathematics:
Mathematical induction, a method of proof in the field of mathematics
Strong induction, or Complete induction, a variant of mathematical induction
Transfinite induction, a kind of mathematical induction
-induction, a kind of transfinite induction
Structural induction, a generalization of mathematical induction
'Statistical induction', also known as inferential statistics
In physics:
Electromagnetic induction in physics and engineering
'Magnetic induction', see magnetic field
Electrostatic induction
Radio frequency induction
Induction heating
Induction cooker uses induction heating for cooking.
Induction sealing
forced induction, with combustion engines, is the use of a gas compressor added to the air intake
Mary Reilly

Mary Reilly is a 1996 American horror movie. It is about a lonely servant in the home of a doctor. Julia Roberts plays the title character. Glenn Close plays Mrs Farraday. John Malkovich plays Jekyll and Hyde. It also stars George Cole and Bob Mason
This movie was released on February 23, 1996. The reviews were poor. The movie did poorly at the box office.
Other websites
1996 horror movies
American horror movies
Dissociative identity disorder in fiction
English-language movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in England
Movies set in the 19th century
Movies directed by Stephen Frears
Ciney

Ciney is a municipality in the Belgian province of Namur.
In 2007, 15078 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 17 North, 05deg 06 East.
References
Municipalities of Namur
Minnal Murali

Minnal Murali () is a 2021 Indian Malayalam-language superhero film directed by Basil Joseph and produced by Sophia Paul, under the banner of Weekend Blockbusters. The script was written by Arun Anirudhan and Justin Mathew. The film starred Tovino Thomas, Guru Somasundaram and Aju Varghese in lead roles. It was released on December 24, 2021. The film has been released in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Hindi and English languages. The film received positive response from critics and audiences, with praise directed at Tovino and Guru's performances, Joseph's direction, screenplay, execution and technical aspects.
Plot
A tailor gains special powers after being struck by lightning, but must take down an unexpected foe if he is to become the superhero his hometown needs.
Cast
Tovino Thomas in dual roles as:
Jaison, a tailor who gets struck by lightning and gains superpowers. His superhero alter ego goes by the name Minnal Murali
Martin, a theatre artist and Jaison's father
Guru Somasundaram as Shibu, a social outcast, who works in a teashop who also gets struck by lightning and gains superpowers
Femina George as "Bruce Lee" Biji, a travel agent and a karate instructor, who is Aneesh's ex-girlfriend
Aju Varghese as P.C. Siby Pothan, Jaison's brother-in-law
Shelly Kishore as Usha, Daasan's sister whom Shibu harbors feelings for
Baiju Santhosh as S.I Saajan, the head sub-inspector of Kurukanmoola and Bincy's father
Harisree Ashokan as Daasan, a tailor who works along with Jaison and is Usha's brother
Vasisht Umesh as Josemon, Jaison's nephew
Arya Salim as Jaison's sister
Sneha Babu as Bincy, Jaison's ex-girlfriend who later gets married to Aneesh
P. Balachandran as Varkey, Jaison's adoptive father
Jude Anthany Joseph as Aneesh, Biji's ex-boyfriend who later marries Bincy
Mamukkoya as Doctor Sambhashivan
Sudheesh as himself (cameo)
Bijukuttan as Kunjan
Azees Nedumangad as Chandran
Rajesh Madhavan as P.C. Titto
Benzi Mathews as a young Varkey
Gibin Gopinath as P.C. Dasan
Harish Pengan as Varieth
Devi Chandana as Girija
Syam Cargoz as Panchayat Member
Basil Joseph as a young politician (cameo appearance)
References
2021 movies
Netflix movies
Steve Strange

Steve Strange (born Stephen John Harrington, 28 May 1959 - 12 February 2015) was a Welsh pop singer. He was born in Newbridge, Caerphilly. He was best known as the lead singer and frontman of the 1980s pop group Visage. From the late 1970s he was also a very well known nightclub host and promoter. He died of a heart attack in Sharm-el-Sheikh, Egypt.
References
1959 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Egypt
Welsh pop singers
New wave singers
Mu'izzi

Amir Abdollah Muhammad Mu'izzi (1048-1125) was an 11th century and 12th century poet. He was from Persia, and was the poet laureate of Sanjar. He was from the village of Nisa. He is considered one of the great masters of the Persian panegyric qasideh.
He lived in the courts of Malik Shah I and Sultan Sanjar. His divan of 18,000 distichs remain. Anvari says Mu'izzi copied the verses of other poets (this cannot be proven for certain). Anvari himself is known to have copied Mu'izzi's verses. Mu'izzi is said to have died by an arrow shot by the King's son in 1125 for unknown reasons. He was accidentally shot by Sanjar.
Example
Ghazel of Mu'izzi in Tajik:
Ei ruii tu rakhshandatar az kiblai Zardusht,
Be ruii tu chun zulfi kuzh ast maro pusht.
Ishki tu maro kushtu khavoi tu maro sukht,
Chavri tu maro khastu chafoi tu maro kusht.
Kharchand khama chavru chafoi tu kashidam,
khargiz nakunam mekhru vafoi tu faromusht.
Barkhezu biio to zi rukhu zulfi tu imshab,
Purlola kunam domanu purmushk kunam musht
translation -
Hey your face is brighter than qibla of Zarostra
Without your face and ringlets crooked in my back
Your love killed me and your air burnt me
I have your oppression and your cruelty killed me
Whatever your oppression and cruelty I suffered from
Never I will forget your kindness and loyalty
Get up and come this night
I will make you full of tulips...
Notes
Granville, E. G. (1997) A Literary History of Persia
References
Jan Rypka, History of Iranian Literature. Reidel Publishing Company. 1968 .
The Influence of India and Persia on the Poetry of Germany
1048 births
1125 deaths
Persian poets
The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down

"The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down" is a 1969 song by Canadian-American The Band and taken from their second studio album The Band. It is an A-side to their hit Up on Cripple Creek.
Joan Baez version
The most successful version of the song belongs to Joan Baez and was taken from her 12th studio album Blessed Are.... It went to number 3 in Canada and the United States, number 4 in New Zealand, number 5 in Australia, number 6 in the United Kingdom and number 8 in Ireland.
References
1969 songs
The Band songs
Joan Baez songs
Johnny Cash songs
Allman Brothers Band songs
Charlie Daniels Band songs
Solomon Burke songs
Zac Brown Band songs
Country rock songs
Folk rock songs
Roots rock songs
Moosbach, Bavaria

Moosbach is a municipality in Neustadt an der Waldnaab in Bavaria, Germany.
References
Neustadt an der Waldnaab (district)
Luxembourg (Chamber of Representatives constituency)

Luxembourg is a constituency of Belgium.
Members
Election results
References
Constituencies of the Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)
The Youth of Maxim

The Youth of Maxim () is a 1935 Soviet drama movie directed by Grigori Kozintsev and Leonid Trauberg. It stars Boris Chirkov, Valentina Kibardina, and Mikhail Tarkhanov.
Actors
Boris Chirkov - Maksim
Valentina Kibardina - Natasha
Mikhail Tarkhanov - Polivanov
Stepan Kayukov - Dmitri "Dyema" Savchenko
Aleksandr Kulakov - Andrei
References
Other websites
Russian drama movies
1935 drama movies
1930s historical movies
Movies directed by Grigori Kozintsev
Movies directed by Leonid Trauberg
Movies set in the 1910s
Soviet drama movies
Hurricane Gloria

Timeline
Hurricane Gloria was an Atlantic tropical cyclone in September 1985. The storm was the first major storm to affect Long Island and New York directly since Hurricane Donna 25 years before.
The storm started as a tropical depression on September 16; it became Tropical Storm Gloria on September 17.
On September 18, it weakened back to a tropical depression. Two days later, it became a tropical storm again.
After being a weak tropical cyclone for several days, on September 22, Gloria became a hurricane. It quickly became stronger on September 24; the next day, its winds peaked at 145 mph. A 2008 reanalysis later found the winds had been even stronger.
On September 27, the hurricane struck eastern North Carolina as a Category 2 storm. It then moved up the East Coast of the United States. Later that day, the storm struck western Long Island, with winds of 85 mph. One hour after striking Long Island, it hit near Westport, Connecticut.
Gloria moved northeast through Atlantic Canada.
Damages
Damage from the storm was $900 million.
The death toll from the storm was fourteen.
Naming
The name Gloria was later retired and replaced with Grace.
References
Hurricanes in New York (state)
Hurricanes in New England
Hurricanes in North Carolina
Hurricanes in Virginia
1980s in North Carolina
1985 in New York (state)
1985 in Canada
Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
Retired tropical cyclone names
1980s in weather
Oraàs

Oraas is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Communes in Pyrenees-Atlantiques
Crottet

Crottet is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Communes in Ain
Vavaʻu 16

Vava`u is a constituency of Tonga. It is on the island group of Vava`u. It was created in 2010.
Election results
References
Tongan legislative constituencies
The Evening Star

The Evening Star is a 1996 romance comedy-drama movie. It is about a dysfunctional family in Houston, Texas. Shirley MacLaine plays Aurora Greenway, Juliette Lewis plays Melanie Horton and Miranda Richardson plays Patsy Carpenter. This movie was released on Christmas 1996 in the United States. It is a sequel to Terms of Endearment The Evening Star got negative reviews from critics. It performed poorly at the box office. The movie is set in the years between 1988 and 1993.
1996 romantic comedy movies
1996 romantic drama movies
1996 comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
1990s English-language movies
Bane (comics)

Bane is a fictional Batman character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by Chuck Dixon, Doug Moench, and Graham Nolan, he made his debut in Batman: Vengeance of Bane #1 (January 1993). Bane is a supervillain who appears in the Batman comics. He is physically strong and wears a Mexican wrestlers mask. He has a tube that connects from his body to a chemical tank that is strapped to his suit that keeps him strong. He is one of Batman's most physical and smarter villains credited to be the only character in comic books who has broken the bat, both physically and mentally.
He is played by Jeep Swanson in Batman & Robin and by Tom Hardy in The Dark Knight Rises. In Batman & Robin, Bane appears like in the comics with a Mexican wrestling mask, but doesn't talk. In The Dark Knight Rises, Bane has a mask that only covers the front of his mouth and nose, his eyes can be seen and he had a muffled voice with a Caribbean accent.
References
Batman characters
DC Comics supervillains
Fictional characters introduced in 1993
Fictional mass murderers
Wheelchair curling

Wheelchair curling is a type of curling. It is for people with physical disabilities.
History
Curling started to be at the Olympic Games in 1998. Wheelchair curling was introduced to the Winter Paralympics program in 2002. People from 16 countries played wheelchair curling in 2017.
Rules
Wheelchair curling is governed by the World Curling Federation. Wheelchair curlers play on teams of four people. One person on the team throws a 19.96 kilogram granite stone across an ice track. The track is 45 meter long. At the end of the track is a big circle. It has 4 rings. The diameter is 183 centimeters. There is a dot in the center. A team tries to get their stones the closest to the center. After each team throws ten stones, the team with the most stones closest to the center wins.
The person who throws the stone sits in their chair on a rubber mat. They use a special stick to assist in throwing the stone.
Eligibility
People who can play wheelchair curling have to have a disability. There are several eligible types of disabilities. They include paraplegics, people with cerebral palsy, people with amputations of the lower limbs, and people with multiple sclerosis.
References
Paralympic Games
Curling
British Rail Mark 3

British Rail's third fundamental design of carriage was designated Mark 3, and was introduced in 1976 primarily for use on the High Speed Train (HST). The coaches were also used as conventional loco-hauled stock as part of the West Coast Main Line (WCML) northern electrification scheme in the mid 1970s, designated Mark 3A and 3B. The final batch was built in 1988, but Mark 3-based multiple units continued to be built until the early 1990s.
Related pages
InterCity 125
Class 43 power cars
High-speed trains
Mark 3
Corvallis, Oregon

Corvallis is a city in the U.S. state of Oregon. Corvallis is the location of Oregon State University. As of 2013, the population was 55,298. It is the county seat of Benton County, as well as the most populated city in Benton County.
References
Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
The Jerry Springer Show

The Jerry Springer Show was a unscripted American tabloid talk show. It was hosted by Jerry Springer. It is broadcast around the world. It was taped in Stamford, Connecticut. The show focuses on family dysfunction, secrecy and infidelity. It began on September 30, 1991 and ended on July 26, 2018. It has been controversial for certain subjects.
Other websites
1991 American television series debuts
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American television talk shows
First run syndicated television programs
Stamford, Connecticut
English-language television programs
George Cleveland

George Cleveland was a Canadian actor. He was born on September 17, 1885 in Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. He was the Grandfather in the television series Lassie. He died July 15, 1957.
Canadian television actors
1885 births
1957 deaths
Bob Eubanks

Robert Leland Eubanks (born January 8, 1938) is an American disc jockey, television personality, and game show host, best known for hosting the game show The Newlywed Game on and off since 1966. He also hosted the successful revamp version of Card Sharks from 1986 to 1989.
Eubanks received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his television work in 2000. In 2005, he received a lifetime achievement Emmy Award from the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences.
References
Other websites
World Poker Tour Profile
1938 births
Living people
American television personalities
American radio personalities
American game show hosts
Entertainers from Michigan
People from Flint, Michigan
Emmy Award winners
Pontus Segerström

Pontus Segerstrom (17 February 1981 - 13 October 2014) was a Swedish footballer.
Segerstrom started his career at IF Brommapojkarna where he had played football from a young age. He later played for Danish Odense BK during a short period of time in 2004 before moving back to Sweden to play for Landskrona BoIS, first in Allsvenskan for the 2005 season and later in Superettan for the 2006 season. His two last seasons at the club was in Allsvenskan in 2013 and 2014.
Segerstrom died just 76 days after his last played Allsvenskan game, which he played as the captain from brain cancer, aged 33.
References
1981 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Swedish footballers
Tahlequah, Oklahoma

Tahlequah (Pronounced "Tal a Kwa") is the county seat of Cherokee County, Oklahoma, United States. It is at the foot hills of the Ozark Mountains. Tahlequah is also home to Northeastern State University.
References
County seats in Oklahoma
Cities in Oklahoma
Bruce Murray (cricketer)

Bruce Alexander Grenfell Murray (18 September 1940 - 10 January 2023) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played 13 Tests from 1968 to 1971. He also played for Wellington in the Plunket Shield. Murray refused to play on Sundays for religious reasons. He was the grandfather of cricketers Amelia Kerr and Jess Kerr.
References
Other websites
1940 births
2023 deaths
New Zealand cricketers
Aïn Témouchent Province

Ain Temouchent is a province in northwestern Algeria. The capital is Ain Temouchent.
Districts
The province has 8 districts and 28 municipalities.
The districts are:
Ain Kihel
Ain Larbaa
Ain Temouchent
Beni Saf
El Amria
El Malah
Hammam Bou Hadjar
Oulhassa Gheraba
References
Provinces of Algeria
Stratosphere

The stratosphere is one of the layers of the atmosphere of the planet Earth. It extends from about 8 km above the poles (18 km above the equator) to about 50 km. In the stratosphere, the temperature rises with increasing height. This makes the stratosphere very stable. This temperature gradient is caused by the ozone layer which absorbs some UV radiation from sunlight. The absorbed radiation is converted to heat.
This differs from the lower layer, the troposphere, where temperature declines with higher altitude, and from the next higher layer, the mesosphere, where the temperature again declines.
Airplanes that are going far usually fly in the lower stratosphere, because the engines are more efficient in cold air and drag is small in low air density air.
Layers of Earth's atmosphere
Abetone

Abetone was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pistoia in the Italian region of Tuscany. It was about northwest of Florence and about northwest of Pistoia. It has been a frazione of Abetone Cutigliano since 2017.
References
Other websites
Abetone Tourist Web Portal
Former municipalities of Tuscany
Philosophical logic

Philiosophers use arguments to talk about the concepts and ideas they have. In order to connect these arguments and ideas, and to be able to convince people, they need logic. This kind of logic is known as philosophical logic. The logic can be what is called classical logic, but it can also be more complex, such as modal logic. What is commonly used is propositional logic, which extends the classical logic and introduces quantifiiers.
There is also a philiosophy of logic, which is slightly different.
The term philosphical logic is often used to contrast it with mathematical logic, which is used in the natural sciences.
Logic
Santikos Theatres

Santikos Theatres (also known as Santikos Entertainment) is a Texan movie theater and entertainment center chain based in San Antonio, Texas.
Buildings and structures in Texas
San Antonio, Texas
Theatres in the United States