pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Roman Catholicism in Canada

The Roman Catholic Church in Canada is part of the world wide Catholic Church. As of 2008, it was the third largest religious body in Canada. Over 13 million Canadians (46% of population) was a baptized member of the Catholic Church.
Catholics first settled in Canada in the 1600s, when French settlers founded Quebec City. In the 1620s, British Catholics were allowed to settle on Newfoundland. A seminary was started in Quebec City in 1663. In 1674, Pope Clement X started a diocese in Quebec City, which was the first episcopal see in the Americas north of Mexico. This diocese became the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec in 1819. The diocese originally covered all of Canada but other diocese were created during the 19th century.
Religion in Canada
Roman Catholicism
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed

Mohamed Abdullahi "Farmajo" Mohamed (, ; born 11 March 1962) is a Somali politician and diplomat. He was the 9th President of Somalia from 2017 to 2022. He was Prime Minister of Somalia from November 2010 until June 2011. Farmaajo has a close relationship with his prime minister Mahdi Gulaid. He lost his re-election in 2022.
References
Other websites
1962 births
Ambassadors of Somalia
Somali Muslims
Presidents of Somalia
People from Mogadishu
Living people
Prime Ministers of Somalia
Diamond is Unbreakable

JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Is Unbreakable (ziyoziyonoQi Miao naMou Xian :daiyamondohaSui kenai/Jojonokimyonaboken: Daiyamondo Wa Kudakenai) is the 4th story arc of the manga and anime JoJo's Bizarre Adventure created by Hirohiko Araki. The story follows the adventures of Josuke Higashikata, Koichi Hirose, Okuyasu Nijimura, Jotaro Kujo and Joseph Joestar as they try defeating the killer, Yoshikage Kira.
Manga
Chiara Consolini

Chiara Consolini is a basketball player from Italy. Consolini competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 20 May 1988.
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
Italian basketball players
Italian Olympians
Tone

A musical tone is a repeating sound. Musical tones are different in duration, loudness, and timbre. The notes used in music can have many complex forms, such as short bursts, changes in pitch, and shifts in noise.
A simple tone, or pure tone, has a steady noise. A complex tone is a musical tone that is not steady. Simple tones are added together to make complex tones.
References
Musical notation
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo

Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (born June 5 1942) has been the President of Equatorial Guinea since 1979. Mbasongo did the military academy in Zaragoza, Spain. He came to power in a military coup, deposing the former leader Francisco Macias Nguema. Ngema had ruled the country for the previous decade. He was known to be very cruel. Ngema was sentenced to death and executed by a firing squad. Mbasonga promised to start over and to do a better job at governing the country.
In 1982, a new constitution was made. MBasogo was given the newly created post of president. He was re-elected in 1989, 1996 and 2002. In 1989 he was the only candidate, in the 1996 and 2002, international observers said the election results were false.
Obiang's regime kept clear authoritarian characteristics even after other parties were legalized in 1991. Most domestic and international observers consider his regime to be one of the most corrupt, ethnocentric, oppressive and undemocratic states in the world. Equatorial Guinea is now essentially a single-party state, dominated by Obiang's Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE). In 2008 American journalist Peter Maass called Obiang Africa's worst dictator, worse than Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe. The constitution grants Obiang wide powers, including the power to rule by decree. Nonetheless, Obiang has far less power than Macias. For the most part his rule has been considerably milder. Notably, there have been none of the atrocities that characterized the Macias era.
All but one member of the 100-seat national parliament belong to the PDGE or are aligned with it. The opposition is severely hampered by the lack of a free press to express their views. Around 90% of all opposition politicians live in exile, 550 anti-Obiang activists have been jailed unfairly, and several killed since 1979.
In July 2003, state-operated radio declared Obiang to be a god who is "in permanent contact with the Almighty" and "can decide to kill without anyone calling him to account and without going to hell." He personally made similar comments in 1993. Despite these comments, he still claims that he is a devout Catholic and was invited to the Vatican by John Paul II and again by Benedict XVI. Macias had also proclaimed himself a god.
In November 2021, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo was appointed at his party's congress as a candidate for a sixth term in the 2023 election.
References
1942 births
Living people
African Union chairpersons
Current national leaders
Presidents of Equatorial Guinea
Dictators
Elliptical orbit

In astronomy, an elliptical orbit refers to an object (such as a planet or star) which orbits around a central body in an elliptical motion. This motion follows Kepler's Laws. An elliptical orbit occurs when the eccentricity of its orbit is greater than 0, and less than 1.
The Moon moves around the Earth in an elliptical orbit, and the planets move around the Sun in an elliptical orbit.
Other types of motion in astronomy include circular orbit, parabolic trajectory, and hyperbolic trajectory.
Orbits
Kappel, Switzerland

Kappel is a municipality in the district Olten in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
NERF

Nerf (written in capitals as NERF) is a brand of toy weapons. It is created by Parker Brothers and currently owned by Hasbro. Most of the toys are a variety of foam-based weaponry. While it is commonly known for its toy guns (usually called "blasters" to separate the brand from real weapons), it can also be footballs and other types of sport utilities such as Nerf skateboards, scooters and bikes. Some blasters series that Nerf makes are called Zombie Strike, Modulus, Elite, Mega, Doomlands, N-Sports, Super Soaker, Rebelle, and Rival.
Toys
Wemmel

Wemmel is a municipality in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant.
In 2007, 14996 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 54 North, 04deg 18 East.
References
Municipalities of Flemish Brabant
Rogersville, Tennessee

Rogersville is a town in, and the county seat of, Hawkins County, Tennessee, United States. It was settled in 1775 by the grandparents of Davy Crockett, and is the second-oldest town in the state. The population of Rogersville as of the 2010 census was 4,420.
References
Towns in Tennessee
County seats in Tennessee
Tri-Cities, Tennessee
Amanda Longan

Amanda Longan (born January 16, 1997) is an American water polo player. She played for the United States women's national water polo team. She participated at the 2017 Summer Universiade, 2017 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, 2017 World Aquatics Championships, 2018 FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup, 2019 Pan American Games, and 2019 FINA Women's Water Polo World League.
References
1997 births
American water polo players
Living people
Gregg Palmer

Gregg Palmer (born Palmer Edvind Lee; January 25, 1927 - October 31, 2015) was an American television and movie actor. He was known for his roles in Gunsmoke, Death Valley Days, and The Virginian. He guest starred five times on Bonanza, NBC's longest-running western. He was born in San Francisco, California.
Palmer died at the age of 88 in Encino, California from unknown causes.
References
Other websites
1927 births
2015 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from San Francisco
Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel

Gholam Ali Haddad-Adel (, born 9 May 1945) is an Iranian philosopher, conservative and principlist politician and former chairman of the Parliament. He was the first non-cleric in the job since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. He was one of the candidates in the 2013 presidential election.
References
1945 births
Living people
Speakers of the Islamic Consultative Assembly
Iranian philosophers
Zoolander 2

Zoolander 2 is a 2016 American action-comedy film directed by Ben Stiller and written by John Hamburg, Justin Theroux, Stiller and Nicholas Stoller. It is the sequel to the 2001 film Zoolander and stars Stiller, Owen Wilson, Will Ferrell, Penelope Cruz and Kristen Wiig.
Filming took place from April to July 2015, in Rome, Italy.
Cast
Ben Stiller as Derek Zoolander
Owen Wilson as Hansel McDonald
Penelope Cruz as Valentina Valencia
Will Ferrell as Jacobim Mugatu
Kristen Wiig as Alexanya Atoz
Justin Bieber as himself
Kyle Mooney as Don Atari
Fred Armisen as VIP
Milla Jovovich as Katinka
Christine Taylor as Matilda Jeffries
Nathan Lee Graham as Todd
Cyrus Arnold as Derek Zoolander Jr.
Ariana Grande as Latex BDSM
Jon Daly as Agent Daly
John Malkovich as Skip Taylor
Justin Theroux as Evil DJ
Benedict Cumberbatch as All
Beck Bennett as Geoff Mille
Jourdan Dunn as Natalka
Christina Hendricks as Seductress
Jerry Stiller as Maury
Mika as hairdresser
Karlie Kloss as Eve
Billy Zane as himself
Sting as himself
Katy Perry as herself
Release
Zoolander 2 was released in theaters on February 12, 2016.
References
2016 action movies
2016 comedy movies
2010s action comedy movies
American action comedy movies
Movies directed by Ben Stiller
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies set in Rome
Movies set in New Jersey
ITT Inc.

ITT Corporation is a global manufacturing company in the United States, in aerospace, transportation, energy and industrial markets. They are in global markets including water and fluids management. ITT originally stood for International Telephone and Telegraph; it was founded in 1920. It was originally combined from other telephone companies. Today's ITT Corporation was founded in 2006.
They work in three areas:
Fluid Technology
Defense Electronics & Services
Motion & Flow Control
American technology companies
Companies based in New York (state)
2006 establishments in New York (state)
Manufacturing companies of the United States
Pavel Bure

Pavel Vladimirovich Bure (; born on March 31, 1971 in Moscow, Russian SFSR) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played a career total of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Vancouver Canucks, Florida Panthers and New York Rangers. He was nicknamed "The Russian Rocket" because of his speed. He began his hockey training in the Soviet Union, where he was known as "Pasha".
In a press conference in Moscow on November 1, 2005, Bure announced that he was retiring from professional hockey because of complications with his chronically injured knee. On June 27, 2012, Bure was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame along with Joe Sakic, Adam Oates and Mats Sundin.
On November 2, 2013, the Canucks retired Bure's #10 jersey.
References
Other websites
1971 births
Calder Trophy winners
Florida Panthers players
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Living people
New York Rangers players
Russian Olympic bronze medalists
Russian Olympic silver medalists
Rocket Richard Trophy winners
Russian ice hockey players
Soviet sportspeople
Sportspeople from Moscow
Vancouver Canucks players
Dead Rising 2

Dead Rising 2 is a survival horror video game developed by Blue Castle Games and published by Capcom.
It was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on August 8, 2006 in North America, September 8, 2006 in Europe, September 14, 2006 in Australia, and on September 28, 2006 in Japan. It was also released on Microsoft Windows on September 28, 2010 in North America, September 30, 2010 in Australia, October 1, 2010 in Europe, and on October 28, 2010 in Japan.
The game was the second in the Dead Rising video game series and is the sequel to Dead Rising which was released in 2006.
Reception
IGN rated the game a 8 out of 10 and said it was "It's not the smoothest game and it can feel like the last one, however that doesn't mean a thing when the game's this much fun."
GameSpot gave the game a 8.5 out of 10 and stated "The Dead Rising formula proves to be as addictive as ever, and a new cooperative mode and weapon crafting system are great additions to the franchise."
References
2010 video games
Capcom games
Horror video games
PlayStation 3 games
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Video game sequels
Antonis Samaras

Antonis Samaras (; born 23 May 1951) is a Greek politician. He became Prime Minister of Greece and Leader of New Democracy. He last served as the Minister of Finance in 1989, then Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1989 to 1990, and again from 1990 to 1992. His term as prime minister ended on 26 January 2015 when he was succeeded by Alexis Tsipras.
References
1951 births
Living people
Eastern Orthodox Christians
Government ministers of Greece
Politicians from Athens
Prime Ministers of Greece
No Man's Land (2001 movie)

No Man's Land (, Nichija zemlja) is a 2001 Bosnian French Belgian Italian Slovenian British war comedy drama movie directed by Danis Tanovic and starring Branko Duric, Rene Bitorajac, Filip Sovagovic, Georges Siatidis, Alain Eloy, Bogdan Diklic, Mustafa Nadarevic. It won an Academy Award in 2002.
Other websites
2001 comedy-drama movies
2000s war movies
Bosnia and Herzegovina movies
French comedy movies
French drama movies
Belgian comedy movies
Belgian drama movies
Italian comedy movies
Italian drama movies
Slovenian movies
British war movies
British comedy movies
2000s British drama movies
Movies directed by Danis Tanovic
Kelcyra

Kelcyra is a city and a municipality in Gjirokaster County, southern Albania. The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 2,651. It is crossed by the Vjose and Deshnice rivers, which runs along the Trebeshine-Dhembel-Nemercke mountain chain, between Trebeshine and Dhembel mountains.
The newest member of the team they got is Panajot Kureta a talent with a bright future.
Sport
KF Kelcyra is an Albanian football club founded in 1981 and based in the small town of Kelcyre currently in the Albanian Second Division.
References
Cities in Albania
List of rivers of Ecuador

These are the rivers of Ecuador. This listing is arranged by where the river drains. Tributaries are indented under each larger stream's name.
Atlantic Ocean
Amazon River (Brazil, Peru)
Putumayo River
San Miguel River
Napo River
Curaray River
Cononaco River
Aguarico River
Cuyabeno River
Yasuni River
Tiputini River
Coca River
Payamino River
Maranon River (Peru)
Tigre River
Corrientes River
Conambo River
Pintoyacu River or Pindoyacu
Pastaza River
Huasaga River
Bobonaza River
Palora River
Chambo River
Ambato River
Cutuchi River
Cebadas River
Morona River
Cangaime River
Macuma River
Santiago River
Yaapi River
Upano River
Paute River
Matadero River or Cuenca
Machangara River
Tomebamba River
Tarqui River
Yanuncay River
Zamora River
Chinchipe River
Pacific Ocean
Mira River
San Juan River
Carchi River
Chota River
Cayapas River
Santiago River
Onzole River
Muisne River
Cojimies River
Esmeraldas River
Guayllabamba River
Machangara River
Blanco River
Toachi River
Quininde River
Jama River
Chone River
Carrizal River
Portoviejo River
Jipijapa River
Guayas River
Taura River
Daule River
Pula River
Magro River or Pedro Carbo
Colimes River
Boqueron River
Puca River
Congo River
Babahoyo River
Yaguachi River
Milagro River
Chimbo River
Chanchan River
Vinces River
Palenque River
Catarama River
Zapotal River
San Pablo River
Canar River
Balao River
Jubones River
Arenillas River
Zarumilla River
Tumbes River
Puyango River
Chira River
Catamayo River
Calvas River
References
Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.
GEOnet Names Server
Water Resources Assessment of Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador
rivers
Spoken language

Spoken language is language in its spoken form. It is different from written language. Many spoken languages have no written form. The term spoken language is sometimes used for oral language. This is not quite right because sign language is also sometimes said to be 'spoken'.
Children get their first language from whichever language is spoken around them. Usually this comes from their mothers. Spoken language is much richer than written language. Spoken language can have different rules than written language.
References
Language
When Father Was Away on Business

When Father Was Away on Business (, Otats na sluzhbenom putu) is a 1985 Bosnian comedy-drama movie directed by Emir Kusturica and starring Moreno de Bartoli, Miki Manojlovic, Mirjana Karanovic, Mira Furlan, Mustafa Nadarevic, Predrag Lakovic, Pavle Vujisic, Slobodan Aligrudic. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1986.
Other websites
1985 comedy-drama movies
Bosnia and Herzegovina movies
Movies directed by Emir Kusturica
Movies set in Europe
East Asia

East Asia or Eastern Asia is part of the continent Asia. East Asia covers about , or 15% of the continent.
These are the countries and territories in East Asia:
China
Guangxi
Hainan
Inner Mongolia
Korea
Siberia
Taiwan
Yunnan
Population
About 1,575,784,500 people live in East Asia ().
Related pages
Central Asia
Southeastern Asia
South Asia
Middle East
Other websites
Jakarta

Jakarta, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (), is the largest and the capital city of Indonesia. It is on the northwest coast of the island of Java, it has an area of 661.52 km2 and a population of 10,562,088 as of 2020. Jakarta has been established for more than 490 years. It is the ninth most dense city in the world with 15,900 people per km2.
Jakarta's first name was Sunda Kelapa. Before the Dutch came, it was renamed to Jayakarta, starting in 1527. In 1619 the Dutch renamed the city Batavia. It was called Jakarta by the Japanese during World War 2.
Jakarta has a tropical monsoon climate (Am in the Koppen climate classification).
Jakarta's challenges include rapid urban growth and flooding. Additionally, Jakarta is sinking up to 17 cm (6.7 inches) per year. It is also one of the fastest-sinking capitals in the world. In 2019, President Joko Widodo said that the capital would be moved to East Kalimantan, an Indonesian province on the island of Borneo. On 18 January 2022, the Parliament of Indonesia approved a bill to change the country's capital from Jakarta to Nusantara.
References
Other websites
Official website
Jakarta Official Travel Website
An Account of Exploring Jakarta by Bicycle
Prime (movie)

Prime is a 2005 American romantic comedy-drama movie set in Manhattan, New York City. It was written and directed by Ben Younger. It stars Uma Thurman, Meryl Streep and Bryan Greenberg.
Thurman plays 37 year old divorced photographer Rafi Gardet, who begins a sexual relationship with 23 year old David Bloomberg, who is Jewish. Streep plays her psychiatrist Lisa Metzger, whom she tells about the relationship. Both women find out that the man involved is Lisa's son. Lisa disapproves of the relationship because of the age-gap and because Rafi is not Jewish.
Other websites
2005 comedy-drama movies
2005 romantic comedy movies
2005 romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
2000s English-language movies
Movies set in New York City
Foolad F.C.

Foolad Khuzestan Football Club is an Iranian football club, based in Ahvaz, Khuzestan.
Season-by-season
The table below chronicles the achievements of Foolad in various competitions since 1997.
* Azadegan League.
** Iran Pro League.
Other websites
Foolad F.C. Official Website
Iranian football clubs
1973 establishments in Asia
1970s establishments in Iran
330

Year 330 (CCCXXX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.
Events
Roman Empire
May 11 - Emperor Constantine the Great dedicates Constantinople, or Nova Roma (modern Istanbul), and moves the capital of the Roman Empire there from Rome. He spent 4 years building the city on the site of ancient Byzantium. He chose the site for its location (a seaport with easy access to Anatolia and the Danube).
The Goths devastate the city of Tanais in the Don River delta.
Africa
Ezana, king of Axum, extends his area of control to the west. He defeats the Nobates, and destroys the kingdom of Meroe.
By topic
Religion
Frumentius is the first bishop of Ethiopia (approximate date).
Eustathius, Patriarch of Antioch, is banished to Trajanopolis.
The Bible is translated into the Gothic language by Wulfila.
Pagan temples are starting to be abandoned, destroyed or left to fall into disrepair, except those that are turned into Christian churches.
Births
Basil the Great, bishop of Caesarea Mazaca (d. 379)
Macrina the Younger, Christian nun and saint (d. 379)
Moses the Black, Christian monk and priest (d. 405)
Victricius, missionary and bishop of Rouen (approximate date)
Iamblichus, neoplatonist philosopher
330
Rotorua (New Zealand electorate)

Rotorua is an electorate of the New Zealand House of Representatives.
Election results
References
New Zealand electorates
National Chengchi University

National Chengchi University (NCCU; ) is a university in Taiwan. The main campus is in Taipei City. It was founded in 1927.
Other websites
1927 establishments in Asia
Colleges and universities in Taipei
20th-century establishments in Taiwan
James Madison University

James Madison University is a public university in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The university has about 18,971 students. It was founded in 1908. The current president of the university is Dr. Linwood H. Rose.
Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Dukes. They have 19 recognized varsity teams, six for men and 13 for women, with almost all competing in the Sun Belt Conference.
Other websites
James Madison University's Official website
James Madison Dukes' Official athletics website
Sun Belt Conference
Colleges and universities in Virginia
1908 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Virginia
Erysimum caboverdeanum

Erysimum caboverdeanum is a plant species that belongs to the Brassicaceae family, the cabbage or mustard family. It is found only in the Fogo island, Cape Verde.
It was named for the first time by the French botanist Auguste Jean Baptiste Chevalier in 1935. Caboverdeanum (or the original caboverdeana) is a Latin word that means "Cape Verdean" or "from Cape Verde".
Synonym
Chevalier named, in 1935, this species as Matthiola caboverdeana; this name now is a synonym because Sunding changed it to the present name, Erysimum caboverdeanum.
Common names
It is locally known as crabo bravo ("wild carnation") and alecrim branco ("white rosemary").
Description
Erysimum caboverdeanum is a biennial small bush, up to high; its stems are woody and they stand upright. The narrow leaves are about long and wide and their margins are finely toothed.
The flowers, which are white or lilac coloured, are in groups (inflorescences) at the end of the stems. The fruits are very narrow and stand upright.
Where it grows
Erysimum caboverdeanum is an endemic species of the Cape Verdean island of Fogo on the volcano Pico do Fogo. It is common in soils with a recent volcanic origin at an altitude between ; it is found on the slopes of the volcano and in the Cha das Caldeiras, the plain in the volcanic crater.
Uses
The species is used for traditional medicinal purposes mainly as an infusion.
It is possible to use it as an ornamental plant, even in places like central Europe.
References
Other websites
Catalogue of Life: Erysimum caboverdeanum (Chev.) Sunding , retrieved on 21 August 2013
Erysimum caboverdeanum at NCBI, retrieved on 21 August 2013
Brassicaceae
Cape Verde
Tower Heist

Tower Heist is a 2011 heist comedy movie directed by Brett Ratner. The movies stars Ben Stiller, Eddie Murphy, Matthew Broderick, and Alan Alda. The movie received mixed reviews. Critic Roger Ebert gave the movie 2.5 out of 4 stars.
Cast
Ben Stiller as Josh Kovacs
Eddie Murphy as Slide
Casey Affleck as Charlie
Alan Alda as Arthur Shaw
Matthew Broderick as Mr. Fitzhugh
Stephen McKinley Henderson as Lester
Judd Hirsch as Mr. Simon
Tea Leoni as FBI Agent Claire Denham
Michael Pena as Enrique Dev'reaux
Gabourey Sidibe as Odessa
Release Dates
References
2011 comedy movies
2011 crime movies
2010s criminal comedy movies
American criminal comedy movies
English-language movies
Heist movies
Midlife crisis movies
Movies directed by Brett Ratner
Movies set in New York City
Nagekeo Regency

Nagakeo Regency is a regency () of the Indonesian Province of East Nusa Tenggara.
Regencies_of_East_Nusa_Tenggara
Helen Richardson

Helen Jairag Richardson (born 21 November 1938) is an Indian-Burmese movie and stage actress and a dancer. She mostly appears in Hindi movies. Her career began in 1951 with the movie Awara.
Helen was born to a British father and to a Burmese mother in Burma. She was raised in Mumbai.
References
Other websites
1938 births
Living people
Actors from Mumbai
Indian dancers
Indian movie actors
Indian stage actors
Indian Christians
Erie County, New York

Erie County is a county in the state of New York in the United States. As of the 2010 census, 919,040 people lived there. The county seat is Buffalo. The county's name comes from Lake Erie.
The cities of Lackawanna and Tonawanda are in Erie County.
Erie County is home to the Buffalo Bills football team, the Buffalo Sabres hockey team, and the Buffalo Bandits lacrosse team.
References
New York (state) counties
Lewis MacLeod (actor)

Lewis MacLeod (born 4 July 1970) is a British voice actor. He voices Boris the Bear and other parts in the US version by Lobster Films for the first and the second seasons of the American show 64 Zoo Lane.
British voice actors
1970 births
Living people
John Freeman (British politician)

Major John Freeman (19 February 1915 - 20 December 2014) was a British politician, diplomat and broadcaster. He was the Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for Watford from 1945 to 1955.
Following the death of Morgan Morgan-Giles on 4 May 2013, Freeman was the oldest surviving former MP. He was the last survivor of those elected to Parliament in 1945, and the former MP with the earliest date of first election.
Freeman died on 20 December 2014 in London, aged 99.
References
Other websites
Entry in the Dictionary of Labour Biography
John Freeman: Face to face with an enigma, The New Statesman, 7 March 2013
1915 births
2014 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British academics
British diplomats
British military personnel of World War II
English television presenters
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Majors
People educated at Westminster School, London
Politicians from London
Television personalities from London
Ambassadors of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1945-1950
UK MPs 1950-1951
UK MPs 1951-1955
E Prime

E Prime (it means English Prime) defines a way of speaking English without using the verb "to be" in any way ("be, is, am, are, was, were, been, and being"). Instead, an E Prime speaker or writer uses different verbs like "to become," "to remain," and "to equal" or they might choose to rearrange the sentence to show that the "thing" does not actually "act". For example, in E Prime, a writer would change the statement "Mistakes were made" to "Joe made mistakes." This change in wording reveals an actor (Joe) where the previous form concealed the actor. Users of E Prime would consider the changed sentence more accurate.
What E Prime is
D. David Bourland, Jr. first suggested E Prime in 1965. Bourland had studied the discipline (way of thinking) of General Semantics. The main idea of General Semantics is that people can only know what they observe and experience when they see, hear, touch, taste, smell, think, and feel, and furthermore, that what they observe and experience can affect how they observe and experience in the future. Because each person has different experiences throughout their lives, they interpret their experiences differently.
Students of General Semantics and users of E Prime contend that to say "This cat is soft" leaves out many other attributes, and implies that the outside "object" of the cat is the "same as" the inside experience of "softness". Instead, E Prime users say "This cat feels soft TO ME" to remind themselves of the following:
That their experience of "softness" involves both the outside "object" called "cat" and the eyes, hands, brain and nervous system of the observer.
That someone else might experience different aspects of the cat.
That they themselves might experience something different at a different time or in different circumstances. (The cat might scratch them, or look or feel wet or matted with dirt.)
What E Prime is not
Although languages like Russian, Arabic, Turkish, and Cantonese do not always use a separate verb for "to be," they do have the idea of "being." For example, an English speaker might say "This apple is red." An Arabic speaker might say "This apple red." Most languages can be used to express the idea of a red apple. An E Prime user chooses to say "This apple looks red to me" to remind themselves that "seeing red" involves both the apple and the eye and brain of the person looking at the apple.
Many teachers of English encourage students to use verbs other than "to be." To them, using more active verbs makes writing clearer and more interesting. These teachers want to improve their students' writing and may not agree with the ideas of General Semantics or E Prime.
Different functions of 'to be'
In English, 'to be' can have different functions:
It talks about Identity: The cat is my only pet, The cat is Garfield
It talks about belonging to a class, or a group: The cat is an animal
It can talk about properties: The cat is furry
It can be an auxiliary verb: The cat is sleeping, The cat is bitten by the dog
It can talk about existence: There is a cat
It can talk about location: The cat is here
English language
The Muppets Take Manhattan

The Muppets Take Manhattan is the third Muppet feature movie, came out in 1984. It was directed by Frank Oz.
1984 comedy movies
1980s musical movies
1980s family movies
American musical comedy movies
Muppets
Movies set in New York City
Movies directed by Frank Oz
Movies about amnesia
Movies set in a movie theatre
Bernard Hellring

Bernard "Buzzy" Hellring was a creator of Ultimate Frisbee.
Along with Joel Silver, Hellring created ultimate in the parking lot of Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey.
Hellring died in 1971, in an auto accident at Princeton University, New Jersey.
He was elected after he died into the Ultimate Hall of Fame.
References
1950s births
1971 deaths
American inventors
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Road accident deaths in New Jersey
Durango

Durango is a state in northwest Mexico. About 1,510,000 people live there. Its capital is Victoria de Durango.
References
1824 establishments
19th-century establishments in Mexico
1820s establishments in North America
Hydrogenosome

A hydrogenosome is a membrane-enclosed organelle of some anaerobic ciliates, trichomonads, fungi and a few metazoa. The hydrogenosomes of trichomonads (the best studied) produce ATP by a complex metabolic cycle. Unlike mitochondria, this cycle does not use oxygen. It is thought that hydrogenosomes evolved from mitochondria; their structure is rather similar.
In 2010, scientists reported their discovery of the first known anaerobic metazoans with hydrogenosome-like organelles. These organisms were Loricifera living in sediments under deep-water brine pools like the L'Atalante basin. These brine pools are completely without any oxygen (anoxic).
References
Organelles
Reformed churches

The Reformed churches are a group of Christian Protestant denominations that are historically related by a doctrine that is identical or similar to Calvinism. It developed in the Swiss Reformation led by Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin, but soon afterwards appeared in nations throughout Western Europe. Each nation in which the Reformed movement was originally established had its own church government. Several of these local churches have expanded to worldwide denominations and most have experienced schisms into multiple denominations.
History
The first Reformed Churches were established in Europe in the 1500s, in the wake of the Protestant Reformation.
Form of doctrine
Reformed doctrine is expressed in various texts]. Some of them are used by many denominations. Different denominations use different confessions, usually based on historical reasons. Some of the confessions still commonly in use are (with year of writing):
French Confession (1559),
Scots Confession (1560),
Three Forms of Unity
Heidelberg Catechism (1563),
Belgic Confession (1566),
Canons of Dordrecht (1619),
Second Helvetic Confession (1566)
Westminster Standards
Westminster Confession of Faith (1646)
Westminster Shorter Catechism (1649)
Westminster Larger Catechism (1649)
Baptist
London Baptist Confession of Faith (1689)
Form of governance
Reformed churches have two main forms of ecclesiastical polity:
Presbyterian polity or Synodal government - rule by assemblies of ordained officers.
Congregationalist polity, e.g. Congregational churches
Other websites
World Communion of Reformed Churches
* World list of Reformed Churches
Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals
Leben, a journal of Reformed Life
Reformed Online - Comprehensive resource
Calvinism
Segnosaurus

Segnosaurus (meaning "slow lizard") was a herbivorous theropod dinosaur that lived during the late Upper Cretaceous, about 93 million years ago. It was a rather large Therizinosaur. This is a family of theropods which were herbivores. They changed from the usual carnivorous lifestyle of their ancestors.
Four partial skeletons of Segnosaurus have been found in Mongolia. It had a long flexible neck, long head, three-toed feet, a broad strong pelvis, stocky legs with clawed fingers and toes, and a short tail. In 2010 Gregory Paul estimated the body length at six metres, the weight at 1.3 tonnes.
References
Cretaceous dinosaurs
Dinosaurs of Asia
Theropods
Swadeshi movement

The Swadeshi movement was part of the Indian independence movement. It aimed at removing the British Empire from power and improving economic conditions in India. It was begun on 7 August 1905 in Calcutta.
References
Indian independence movement
Cazis

Cazis () is a municipality of the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2010, the former municipalities of Portein, Praz, Sarn and Tartar merged into the municipality of Cazis.
Villages
Luvreu, Ratitsch, Realta, Schauenberg, Siedlung, Summaprada, Portein, Praz, Sarn, Tartar and Valeina.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Graubunden
Clairfontaine

Clairfontaine is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Aisne department. This in the north of France. In 2015, 564 people lived there.
Communes in Aisne
Urinogenital

Urinogenital is a term for the common urinal and sex passage (opening) in mammals. In females it is called the vagina, and in males it is called the penis. Mammals have a sepate opening for waste (defaecation) called the anus.
The term contrasts with that of reptiles and birds, which have one common opening for sex, urine and defaecation. This is called the cloaca.
References
Anatomy
Survivor Series (2004)

Survivor Series (2004) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on November 14, 2004 at the Gund Arena in Cleveland, Ohio. It was the eighteenth Survivor Series event held by the WWE.
Matches
References
Other websites
Official Survivor Series 2004 website
2004 in American television
2004 in professional wrestling
Sports in Cleveland
Survivor Series
2000s in Cleveland, Ohio
Joyce Cary

Joyce Cary (born Arthur Joyce Lunel Cary; December 7, 1888 - March 29, 1957) was an Irish novelist and writer, who was born in Donegal, Ireland.
He studied at Clifton and Trinity College, Oxford. Afterwards, he also spent some time learning art at Edinburgh and Paris. In 1913, he joined the Nigerian Political Service, under the British colonial system and was posted out to Nigeria. While working there, he also fought in the First World War, with the local Nigerian Regiment. After the end of the war, he returned to politics. However, he was becoming very sick, and was advised to retire and go back home.
After retiring back to Britain, he began to write seriously and full-time. His first novel, Aissa Saved, was published in 1932. He published several other works after this, including The Captive and the Free, Herself Surprised, A Fearful Joy, The Horse's Mouth, To be a Pilgrim and others.
He died in March 1957.
1957 deaths
Irish writers
1888 births
Louvie-Soubiron

Louvie-Soubiron is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Louvie-Soubiron
Bagnoles

Bagnoles is a commune of 308 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Responsible government

Responsible government is a principle of some democratic governments. It is not the same as a government with responsibility.
A responsible government is one in which there is a degree of accountability towards parliament. There is also the fundamental concept of Bicameralism. For example, in the United Kingdom the accountability tends towards the Lower House (House of Commons), as the upper House (House of Lords) is not wholly elected. Thus, there is a better representation of those who voted for the government that holds the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty.
In the government of a country that uses responsible government, the leaders of the executive branch of government (called the cabinet) are also members of the legislature. Also, the cabinet must have the support of the majority of the legislature to stay in power. If it loses the support of the legislature, there will be an election or a different political party will make a new cabinet.
Countries that use responsible government usually have parliamentary systems of government. Some examples of countries that have responsible government are the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia.
In countries that do not have responsible government, the cabinet and the legislature are each elected separately. This system has more separation of powers than a system with responsible government. Some examples of countries that do not have a system of responsible government are the United States and France.
Democracy
Democratic National Committee

The Democratic National Committee (D.N.C. or DNC) is a group of people who coordinate the activities of the U.S. Democratic party in all fifty states. The D.N.C. is headquartered in the nation's capital, Washington, DC. It also has state Democratic party headquarters in each of the 50 state capitals.
The current chairman is Jaime Harrison of South Carolina and the deputy chairman is Gretchen Whitmer of Michigan.
Related pages
Republican National Committee
Libertarian National Committee
Other websites
Official DNC website
Democratic Party (United States)
Mark Labbett

Mark Andrew Labbett (born 15 August 1965) is a British professional quizzer and television personality.
He is a "Chaser" on the ITV game show The Chase, starting in 2009 and from June 2021, as one of the four chasers on ABC's version of The Chase USA. He previously appeared between 2013 and 2015 on GSN's American version. His nickname of these shows is "The Beast".
Labbett has appeared as a contestant on several other television quiz shows and is a regular in quizzing competitions.
Labbett was born in Tiverton, England.
References
1965 births
Living people
English television personalities
People from Devon
Mary J. Blige

Mary Jane Blige (born January 11, 1971) is an American R&B/hip hop soul singer and actress. She has released 11 studio albums, 82 singles, and 8 other albums.
Music career
In 1988, Blige recorded an cover of Anita Baker's "Caught Up in the Rapture" at a recording booth in a local mall. Her mother's boyfriend at the time later played the cassette for Jeff Redd, a recording artist and A&R runner for Uptown Records. Redd then sent it to the president and CEO of the label, Andre Harrell. Harrell met with Blige and, in 1989, she joined the label, becoming the company's youngest and first female artist.
Production for Blige's first album, Whats the 411?, began in 1991. Sean "Puffy" Combs (at the time a beginning A&R executive at Uptown) organised the project. Also enlisted were some of the top R&B and hip hop producers of the time, among them are Tony Dofat, Mark Morales and Cory Rooney, Dave "Jam" Hall, and DeVante Swing.
In 2014, Blige will tour with R. Kelly called "The King and Queen Tour".
Personal life
Blige is a Democrat.
Filmography
Movie
Television
References
1971 births
Living people
Rappers from New York (state)
American movie actors
African American actors
Democrats (United States)
Singers from New York City
Actors from New York City
Interscope Records artists
Sainte-Foy-la-Grande

Sainte-Foy-la-Grande is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Manoel de Barros

Manoel Wenceslau Leite de Barros (December 19, 1916 - November 13, 2014) was a Brazilian poet. He has won many awards for his work, including twice the Premio Jabuti (the "Tortoise Prize"), the most important literary award in Brazil.
Barros was born in Cuiaba. He is thought by his critics as one of the greatest Brazilian poets to had ever lived. The poet Carlos Drummond de Andrade said that Manoel de Barros as the biggest poet of Brazil.
In the year 1998 the poet was rewarded with the "National prize of Literature of the Ministry of the Culture from Brazil", for the set of the work.
de Barros died in Campo Grande, Brazil, aged 96.
References
1916 births
2014 deaths
Brazilian poets
Jefferson County, Missouri

Jefferson County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Hillsboro. In 2020, 226,739 people lived there.
References
1818 establishments in Missouri Territory
Missouri counties
189930 Jeanneherbert

189930 Jeanneherbert (provisional designation 2003 SR200) is a main belt asteroid. It was discovered by David Healy on September 22, 2003 at Junk Bond Observatory. 189930 Jeanneherbert is named after Jeanne Herbert, an active member of the Huachuca Astronomy Club.
Related pages
List of minor planets
References
Jeanneherbert
Explosion (1973 movie)

Explosion () is a 1973 Romanian drama movie directed by Mircea Dragan and starring Radu Beligan, Gheorghe Dinica, Toma Caragiu, Dem Radulescu, George Motoi, Draga Olteanu Matei.
Other websites
1973 drama movies
1970s Romanian movies
Romanian drama movies
Movies directed by Mircea Dragan
Andrzej Wajda

Andrzej Witold Wajda (6 March 1926 - 9 October 2016) was a Polish movie director, movie producer, and screenwriter. He is known for his works in A Generation, Kanal, Ashes and Diamonds, Man of Iron, The Promised Land, The Maids of Wilko, and in Katyn. He won an Honorary Academy Award in 2000.
Wajda was born in Suwalki, Poland. He studied at the Lodz Film School. Wajda was married four times, first three ended in divorce. He had a daughter.
Wajda died of respiratory failure on 9 October 2016 at a hospital in Warsaw, aged 90.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Poland
Polish movie directors
Polish movie producers
Polish screenwriters
LGBT rights in New Zealand

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in New Zealand have improved a lot in recent years. In 2005 civil partnerships were legalised and 2013 same sex marriages were legalised.
In the past, homosexuality was illegal in New Zealand. It was decriminalised (made legal) in 1986.
Legal summary
References
New Zealand
The Girl He Left Behind

The Girl He Left Behind is a 1956 romantic comedy movie that was produced by Frank P. Rosenberg and was directed by David Butler. The Girl He Left Behind was released on 1956 in North America and in 1957 in Europe by Premier Productions.
Plot
Andy Schaeffer is a spoiled mama's boy who usually gets his way. He breezes through college, while girlfriend Susan Daniels works hard at a job to pay for her education. She isn't sure where their relationship is going. Andy's grades begin to worsen, and he's being drafted by the army. Andy reports for basic training at Fort Ord, making it clear to everybody there that he'd rather be anyplace else.
Cast
Tab Hunter as Andy L. Shaeffer
Natalie Wood as Susan Daniels
Jessie Royce Landis as Mrs. Madeline Shaeffer
Jim Backus as Sgt. Hanna
Henry Jones as Hanson
Murray Hamilton as Sgt. Clyde
Alan King as Maguire
James Garner as Preston
David Janssen as Capt. Genaro
Wilfred Knapp as Congressman Hardison
Les Johnson as Lt. Taylor
Raymond Bailey as General
Florenz Ames as Mr. Hillaby
Fredd Wayne as Sgt. Sheridan
Ernestine Wade as Lorna
Other websites
1956 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
1950s English-language movies
Movies directed by David Butler
Richard Seddon

Richard Seddon (22 June 1845 - 10 June 1906) was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1893 through 1906. He is the longest serving Prime Minister of New Zealand. He introduced women's rights for his country in 1893, 25 years before the United Kingdom did.
References
1845 births
1906 deaths
Prime Ministers of New Zealand
Selim II

Selim II (Ottoman Turkish: slym thn~ Selim-i sani, Turkish: II. Selim; 28 May 1524 - 15 December 1574), also known as Selim the Blonde (Turkish: Sari Selim) or Selim the Drunk (Turkish: Sarhos Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death in 1574. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his wife Hurrem Sultan. Selim had been an unlikely candidate for the throne until his brother Mehmed died of smallpox, his half-brother Mustafa was strangled to death by the order of his father, his brother Cihangir succumbed to chronic health issues, and his brother Bayazid was killed on the order of his father after a rebellion against Selim. Selim also ordered the Ottoman forces to set out from Istanbul and join with the Crimean Tatars in order to take part in the burning of Moscow in 1571. Although he succeeded in pacifying the Tsardom of Russia through the destruction of Moscow, Selim suffered a devastating defeat at hands of the Holy League armada led by the Spanish Empire in the naval Battle of Lepanto in which the Ottoman fleet was destroyed. Selim died on 15 December 1574 and was buried in the Hagia Sophia mosque in Istanbul. He was succeeded by Murad III.
References
1524 births
1574 deaths
Sultans of the Ottoman Empire
Creeslough explosion

The Creeslough explosion happened on 7 October 2022 at an Applegreen petrol station in Creeslough, a village in north County Donegal, Ireland. It killed ten people and left eight hospitalised. It is the highest number of civilian deaths in the county in decades. The cause is unknown, although accidental gas leak is seen as a possible cause.
References
October 2022 events
Curtis Cokes

Curtis Cokes (June 15, 1937 - May 29, 2020) was an American boxer. He was born in Dallas, Texas. Cokes was the World Welterweight Champion. In 2003, Cokes was added into the International Boxing Hall of Fame.
Cokes died on May 29, 2020 of heart failure in Dallas, aged 82.
References
1937 births
2020 deaths
American boxers
Deaths from heart failure
Sportspeople from Dallas
Hōfu

Hofu () is a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.
History
Hofu (Fang Fu ) means "the capital (Guo Fu ) of Suo Province (Zhou Fang Guo )". The eastern part of Yamaguchi Prefecture used to be called called Suo Province.
The city was founded on August 25, 1936. The city's change over the past fifty years is shown in the animated movie Mai Mai Miracle, and the story takes place in the year 1955 (with flashbacks that go 1,000 years further back).
References
Cities in Japan
Settlements in Yamaguchi Prefecture
Boinpalle

Boinpalle or Boinpalli is a village and a mandal in India. It is in Karimnagar district in the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is 28 kilometres from the district capital.
Drought is common in this area. Many people from this area migrate to Gulf countries to find jobs as unskilled labourers. Agriculture is the primary industry in this area. Main crops are cotton and maize. Rice is the secondary crop.
The mandal of Boinpalle has 18 village panchayats.
Ralla Ramannapeta
Rathnampet (population 1200)
Deshai palli
Vardavelli
Kodurupaka
Vilasagar
Korem
Marlapeta
Tadagonda
Venkatrao palli
Anantha pally
Burgu palli
Mallapur
Manvada
Neelogipalli
Rajannapeta
Kothapeta
Narsingapur
Villages in Andhra Pradesh