pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Human skeleton

The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is made up of about 300 bones at birth. As some bones join together, there are 206 bones in adulthood. The bones are at their strongest around age 20. The human skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, the rib cage, the skull and other associated bones. The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle and the bones of the upper and lower limbs.
The human skeleton performs six major functions. These are: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation.
The male and female skeletons are not so different as those of many other primates. There are subtle differences between sexes in the morphology of the skull, teeth, long bones, and pelvis. In general, female skeletal elements tend to be smaller and less robust than corresponding male elements.
The human female pelvis is different from that of males in order to facilitate child-birth. The hips on a female are proportionately wider than males, and so the ball joints at the top of the legs are set more apart than in males. This, and the pelvic shape, gives a birth channel which allows the newborn foetus to pass through. The critical factor is the baby's head, which is much larger than in other primates.
Unlike most primates, human males do not have penile bones. This is an adaptation to the human upright stance.
References
Other websites
human skeletal system; YouTube
Skull Development: YouTube
Bones
Human body features
Truth

The truth is what is true. It may be everything that is true (reality) or just a part of it (a fact). It may also be a statement that is true: a truth. Things or statements that are not true are untrue or false. True things exist (or have existed); false things do not (or never have).
Aristotle said: "To say of what is that it is not, or of what is not that it is, is false, while to say of what is that it is, and of what is not that it is not, is true." However, a statement may be about how things once were; this would be a true statement if it is clear that it is not a statement about how things are now. Most often, the tense of the verb will indicate this, but there may be other ways in which the statement is qualified: for example, by saying when the statement was true.
Truth is a noun, and the corresponding adjective is true. The word true also functions as a noun, a verb and an adverb. The English word truth is from Old English triewth, treowth, trywth, Middle English trewthe.
Most of the discussion on truth is about one of two things:
How to find out whether a statement (a proposition or claim) is true
How to find the truth when presented with a particular question or problem
Many philosophers have given opinions on these issues.
Examples
It is a truth (true) that a dog is an animal. It is untrue (or false) that a dog is a plant.
It is a truth that dodos were found on Mauritius (although not throughout the past). It is not true that dodos exist.
It has never been true that unicorns exist, so it has always been true that unicorns do not exist.
In Other words
Something untrue is false. A half truth is something true mixed with something false, or something partly true with key information omitted.
If the things one says are true, then they are speaking the truth, or speaking truly. Saying something that is untrue can be called a lie, if the person who is saying it knows it is untrue. A person who says something untrue is often called a "liar".
True and false in logic and philosophy
What is truth? Pontius Pilate (John, 18.38)
True is also one of the two basic values of logic. The other such value is usually called false. In symbols, true is written as, T or 1.
Aristotle was the first to put logic into a formal framework. His version is called propositional logic (see also syllogism and deductive reasoning). Other forms of logic use types of mathematics (mathematical logic) or symbols. Boolean algebra is about things being true and false.
The relationship between verbal claims and external reality is handled by epistemology and the philosophy of science.
Philosophers argue over what makes up truth and how to define and identify truth.
Related pages
Truth value
Veritas (mythology)
References
Other websites
Closer to Truth
Basic English 850 words
Logic
Epistemology
Reality
American (word)

The word American is used to mean a person or a thing from the United States or any country in the Americas - North America, Central America, and South America. In English, the most common use of this word is to mean a person or a thing from the United States.
Even though the islands in the Caribbean Sea are close to the Americas, people who speak English do not usually use the word "American" for people or things from these islands.
Due to the ambiguity of the word, some languages avoid using the word to refer to someone and/or thing from the United States and use more specific demonyms instead, such as Spanish estadounidense, Esperanto usonano, Finnish yhdysvaltalainen and German US-Amerikaner, for example. Yankee is sometimes used within the English language too (though the word historically refers specifically to an inhabitant of New England). Usonian (from Usonia) is an alternative demonym to "American" proposed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright.
A Native American is someone who is mostly descended from the people who lived in the Americas before the Europeans arrived. Native Americans are also called First Nations and Indians.
There is no language "American." Some important languages used in the Americas are English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish. Some people still use Native American languages. Quechua is the largest.
North America
South America
Tim Leveque

Tim Leveque (born June 13, 1968) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player. He is most famous for being the Laval Chiefs enforcer that is called up later in the season in the hockey documentary "Les Chiefs".
Playing career
Leveque started his career with the Thunder Bay Senators of the Colonial Hockey League during the 1993-94 season. In two games, Leveque accumulated 23 PIMs.
After an eight year layoff, Leveque would resurface with the Laval Chiefs of the Quebec Semi-Pro Hockey League (currently the LNAH). Leveque would engage in several fights with Dominic "The Giant" Forcier of the Sorel Royaux during the season. Forcier who stood 6' 7" and 320 lbs, was taken down by Leveque during each of their three fights. After Leveque's final fight with Forcier on February 10, 2002, he would fight Chad Nicholson in the closing minutes of the same game. This would be Leveque's final game with the Chiefs. After the game, Leveque would tell the team that he had "connections in Norfolk" and that he was leaving the team.
In 2004, Leveque received a tryout with the Sherbrooke Saint-Francois. He would play one game with Sherbrooke, and was briefly involved in a fight with David Lessard. Leveque would be released after the game.
In 2005, Leveque played a preseason game with the Sorel-Tracy Mission and fought Corey Dean. After one game with the Mission, Leveque was released.
References
Other websites
1968 births
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Colonial Hockey League players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Sportspeople from Ottawa
Legia Warsaw

Legia Warszawa (), known in English as Legia Warsaw, is a professional football club in Warsaw, Poland. Legia is one of the most successful Polish football clubs in history winning 14 Ekstraklasa titles, a record 19 Polish Cup trophies and four Polish SuperCups. The club plays its home games at the Polish Army Stadium.
Legia in Europe
As of 1 October 2020
Note: italics means neutral place results or penalised result
Players
Current squad
Out on loan
Retired numbers
Hall of Fame
This is a list of former players and coaches who have been inducted into the Legia Warsaw Hall of Fame.
Honours
Domestic
As of the 2022-23 season.
Europe
European Cup/Champions League:
Semi-finals (1): 1969-70
Quarter-finals (2): 1970-71, 1995-96
Group stage (1): 2016-17
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup:
Semi-finals (1): 1990-91
Quarter-finals (2): 1964-65, 1981-82
UEFA Europa League:
Group stage (2): 2013-14, 2015-16
Round of 32 (3): 2011-12, 2014-15, 2016-17
References
Other websites
Official website
Legia Fansite
Legionisci Fansite
Legia Warszawa Ultras Group
1910s establishments in Poland
1916 establishments in Europe
Polish football clubs
Warsaw
Paul Shanley

Paul Richard Shanley (January 25, 1931 - October 28, 2020) was an American priest and was accused and convicted of raping a child. He served at St. Jean's Parish in Newton, Massachusetts and was a known figure in the Boston clergy sex abuse scandal. He was incarcerated as inmate W84979 at Old Colony Correctional Center for raping a child in 1980 and was released from prison on July 28, 2017.
Shanley first gained notoriety during the 1970s as a "street priest", ministering to drug addicts and runaways who struggled with their sexuality. His writings included Changing Norms of Sexuality. During the 1980s, Shanley served as pastor of St. Jean the Evangelist Parish in Newton, Massachusetts.
In February 2005, Shanley was found guilty of indecent assaults and the rape of a male minor and received a sentence of 12 to 15 years in prison. Shanley was released from Old Colony Correctional Center on July 28, 2017, after serving 12 years.
Shanley died on October 28, 2020 from heart failure at the age of 89.
References
Other websites
CourtTV's Paul Shanley trial coverage
Church documents related to the case
Sacrilege: Sexual Abuse in the Catholic Church
1931 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American prisoners
American rapists
American Roman Catholic priests
Child sexual abusers
LGBT Christians
LGBT criminals
LGBT people from Massachusetts
People with personality disorders
People from Newton, Massachusetts
Writers from Massachusetts
Theloderma laeve

The bamboo moss frog, Smith's Asian frog, smooth bug-eyed frog, or Smith's Asian tree frog (Theloderma laeve) is a frog. It lives in southern Vietnam. People have seen it between 700 and 1200 meters above sea level. Scientists think it may live in Cambodia and Laos too.
References
Frogs of Asia
Hispania

Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and the provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior.
During the beginning of the Roman Empire, Hispania Ulterior was divided into two new provinces, Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was renamed Hispania Tarraconensis.
Conquests
Roman conquest
The Roman invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 218 BC and used it as a training ground for tactics against the Carthaginians, the Iberians, the Lusitanians, the Gallaecians and other Celts.
Roman emperor Augustus was not able to complete the conquest until 19 BC. Much of Hispania remained autonomous until the end of the Cantabrian Wars.
Germanic conquest
In late 409 AD, the Germanic Buri, Suevi and Vandals moved into Iberia together with the Sarmatian Alans. The Suevi created a kingdom in Gallaecia and the Alans created a kingdom in Lusitania.
There were conflicts between the Chalcedonian natives and the Arian Visigoths. In 589, Recared renounced his Arianism and accepted Chalcedonian Christianity, this created an alliance between the Visigothic monarchy and the native Hispano-Romans.
Umayyad conquest
On April 711, Berber Umayyad governor Tariq ibn Ziyad led around 1,700 soldiers and invaded southern Hispania from North Africa. The North Africans defeated the Visgothic army in the Battle at Guadalete in 712.
Notes
References
Places of Ancient Rome
Crawford, Colorado

The Town of Crawford is a Statutory Town in Delta County, Colorado, United States. In 2010, Crawford's population was 431.
References
Towns in Colorado
Mariehamn

Mariehamm () is the capital city of the Aland Islands, an autonomous region in Finland. As of January 2014, more than 11,400 people lived in Mariehamm. Many ships sail between Mariehamn and the port of Turku.
Other websites
infopage
Cities in Finland
Aland Islands
Capital cities in Europe
Somnath temple

The Somnath temple is an important pilgrimage and tourist spot in Gujarat, India. It is located in Prabhas Patan near Veraval in Saurashtra on the western coast of Gujrat and is believed to be the first among the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. It was reconstructed in the Chalukya style of Hindu temple architecture and was completed in May 1951. The reconstruction was started under the orders of the Indian Home Minister, Vallabhbhai Patel and completed after his death.
Temples in India
Hindu temples
Buildings and structures completed in the 20th century
2046

2046 (MMXLVI) will be .
Predicted and scheduled events
Date unknown
The 2046 Winter Olympics will be held.
In fiction
The 2009 video for the songs PerfektBreitHimmelblau take place in this year.
The film Doom, based on the video game series of the same name, takes place in this year.
The Epilogue of the Jordan Chandler novel A Decibel Eight takes place this year
The 1994 Cyberpunk Anime series Armitage III is set in this year.
Macross 7: Trash, a manga series by Haruhiko Mikimoto, serving as a side-story to Macross 7
the series lost in space takes place in 2046.
Grand Haven Charter Township, Michigan

Grand Haven Charter Township is a charter township of Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 15,178 at the 2010 census. The Grand Haven Township is located immediately south of Grand Haven.
References
Townships in Michigan
2014–15 UEFA Champions League

The 2014-15 UEFA Champions League was the 23rd UEFA Champions League, and the 60th season of a European club tournament being played. The defending champions were Real Madrid, however, Barcelona won their 5th title over Juventus.
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Group E
Group F
Group G
Group H
Knockout stage
Bracket
Round of 16
The draw for the round of 16 was held on 15 December 2014. The first legs were played on 17, 18, 24 and 25 February, and the second legs were played on 10, 11, 17 and 18 March 2015.
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Quarter-finals
The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 20 March 2015. The first legs were played on 14 and 15 April, and the second legs were played on 21 and 22 April 2015.
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Semi-finals
The draw for the semi-finals and final (to come up with the "home" team) was held on 24 April 2015. The first legs were played on 5 and 6 May, and the second legs were played on 12 and 13 May 2015.
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Final
Statistics
Goalscorers
Hat-tricks
5 Player scored five goals.
References
Other websites
2014-15 UEFA Champions League on uefa.com
2014 in association football
2015 in association football
The Disappearance of Finbar

The Disappearance of Finbar is a 1996 Irish Swedish mystery drama movie directed by Sue Clayton and starring Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Colin Farrell, Lorraine Pilkington. It was distributed by Channel 4 Films.
Other websites
1996 drama movies
1996 mystery movies
Irish drama movies
Swedish drama movies
John Otto (politician)

John Clifford Otto (1948 - August 1, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 18 from 2004 to 2017. He was born in Dayton, Texas.
Otto died on August 1, 2020 in Dayton, Texas at the age of 71.
References
1948 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Texas
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Antwerp (Chamber of Representatives constituency)

Antwerp is a constituency of Belgium.
Members
Election results
References
Constituencies of the Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)
Swadhin Bangal Biplobi Parishad

The Swadhin Bangal Biplobi Parishad was an underground student political group organized in 1961 by Mujibur Rahman, the founder of Bangladesh. The group worked to oppose the military rule of Ayub Khan (Field Marshal). It also worked for more autonomy and the independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh.
Nationalist organizations in Bangladesh
1961 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in Bangladesh
Mandaue City Central School

Mandaue City Central School is the oldest school in Mandaue, in Cebu, Philippines. It is an elementary school. The school occupies an area of more than . It belongs to the Central District council. For several decades, Mandaue City Central School stood as the only school in the Central District until three schools were established sometime in the 1990s. The first building, the Gabaldon Building, was built in 1904 which is still in use.
Other websites
Mandaue City Central School official website
Education in the Philippines
Organizations based in the Philippines
Emerald, Victoria

Emerald is a small town in Victoria, Australia. It is 44km south-east of Melbourne. In 2006 there were 6,135 people living in Emerald. The large Cardinia Reservoir which supplies water to Melbourne is in Emerald.
References
Xiumin

Kim Min-seok (born March 26, 1990) known by his artistic name Xiumin is a singer, dancer, model and actor South Korean. He is a member of the boy band EXO.
Early years
Xiumin was born in Guri, Gyeonggi, South Korea on March 26, 1990. He was a student of the Catholic Kwandong University where he attended a seminar and gave a presentation to students of applied music. Xiumin attended at the same school in where studying Dongwoo of INFINITE.
Xiumin is trained in martial arts and is competent in Kendo, Wushu, Taekwondo and fencing.
Career
EXO
In 2008, at the age of 18, he joined S.M. Entertainment after winning second place in S.M. Everysing Contest. Xiumin was the seventh member to be revealed as a member of the EXO group after making a teaser set with Kai on January 26, 2012.
Solo activities
In 2013, Xiumin appeared in the video for "Gone" by Lovelyz's Jin, with to the actress Kim Yoo-jung.
In January 2015, the acted in the musical S.M. Entertainment School Oz acting the role of Aquila along with f(x)'s Luna, Shinee's Key, fellow Suho, TVXQ's Changmin and Red Velvet's Seulgi.
In October, 2015, Xiumin was the main protagonist of the web-drama Falling for Challenge together with Kim So-eun. He released the You Are The One OST for the drama.
Discography
Filmography
Movie
Dramas
Appareances in musical videos
Musicals
References
Other websites
EXO in Korean
EXO in Japanese
South Korean singers
1990 births
Living people
Exo members
K-pop singers
Safe mode

Safe mode is a mode of startup in computers that allows the user to detect and fix errors. Many things do not run on safe mode. The reason is to see whether any of the recently added or updated device drivers were causing the problem.
When safe mode is used, a computer will only start with the minimum number of system files needed for it to work properly. This is to make it easier to find a problem that may be causing a computer to work incorrectly. The screen resolution is also smaller and there is no sound or internet connection in safe mode. This is because these features are not necessary for the computer to work properly.
Computer terminology
Salvatore Garau

Salvatore Garau (born 1953) is an Italian artist from the Mediterranean island of Sardinia.
Life
Garau was born in Santa Giusta in the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, Italy. He studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze, where he graduated in 1974.
He participated in the 50th Biennale di Venezia in 2003 and showed work at the European Parliament in Strasbourg in the same year.
In 2009 he had a solo show at the Musee d'art moderne et contemporain of Saint-Etienne, in France. Salvo Garau is the artist most followed by the media and worldwide.
Italian painters
1953 births
Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze alumni
Living people
Italian contemporary artists
Italian conceptual artists
Italian drummers
Anatoly Gladilin

Anatoly Tikhonovich Gladilin (; August 21, 1935 - October 24, 2018) was a Soviet-Russian writer and poet. He defected from the Soviet Union in 1976 and lived in Paris.
In the 1960s, he was one of the most famous young Russian authors. In Paris, Gladilin worked for the Radio Liberty and the Deutsche Welle. Among his published works in the West was a novel, FSSR: The French Soviet Socialist Republic -- a tale of a Communist coup in France.
His other best known works were The Making and Unmaking of a Soviet Writer: My Story of the Young Prose of the Sixties and After, Moscow Racetrack: A Novel of Espionage at the Track and ''Rogues: Welcome to Paris!".
Gladilin died on October 24, 2018 in Paris at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
Anatoly Gladilin
1935 births
2018 deaths
Russian novelists
Russian poets
Soviet writers
Brontallo

Brontallo is a village and former municipality of the district Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
On 4 April 2004 the former municipalities of Broglio, Brontallo, Fusio, Menzonio, Peccia and Prato-Sornico merged to form the new municipality of Lavizzara.
Villages in Ticino
Former municipalities of Ticino
Boueilh-Boueilho-Lasque

Boueilh-Boueilho-Lasque is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Boueilh-Boueilho-Lasque
Wijk bij Duurstede

Wijk bij Duurstede is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 23,762 people lived there.
Cities in the Netherlands
Settlements in Utrecht (province)
Municipalities of Utrecht (province)
2013–14 NLA season

The 2013-14 National League A season is the seventh ice hockey season of Switzerland's top hockey league, the National League A. Overall, it is the 76th season of Swiss professional hockey. It was won by ZSC Lions after beating Kloten Flyers 4-0 in the play offs.
Regular season
Teams
After the 2012-13 season, SCL Tigers were defeated by Lausanne HC of National League B, switching places with them. The number of teams stands at 12.
Regular season
Playoffs
Relegation round
Six games were played as part of the relegation round. Results from the regular season carried over.
Final
The bottom two teams played in the final.
EHC Biel - Rapperswil-Jona Lakers 2:4 (3:2 OT, 1:3, 2:3, 4:3 OT, 1:4, 4:5)
Playouts
The bottom team from the relegation round, EHC Biel, played against HC Viege, the National League B champion, for the right to play in the 2014-15 NLA season.
EHC Biel - EHC Visp 4:1 (5:2, 2:5, 5:1, 4:1, 3:2)
Other websites
Official League Website
Official League Website
2013 in ice hockey
2014 in ice hockey
The Little Mermaid (1968 movie)

The Little Mermaid () is a 1968 Soviet animated movie directed by Ivan Aksenchuk.
Actors
Nina Gulyayeva as The Little Mermaid.
Lidiya Korolyova as the fish guide.
Roza Makagonova as the princess who saved the prince
Viktoriya Ivanova as singing voice of The Little Mermaid.
Anatoli Papanov as the human tour guide.
References
Other websites
1968 movies
1960s animated movies
Soviet animated movies
Rene Carpenter

Rene Carpenter (April 12, 1928July 24, 2020) was an American newspaper columnist and television personality. She was the wife of Scott Carpenter, one of the Mercury Seven astronauts. She was part of the Astronaut Wives Club and was its last living member. She was born in Clinton, Iowa.
In 1968, she campaigned for Robert Kennedy. She had a syndicated women's page column, "A Woman, Still", and from 1972 to 1976, a television presenter, first with Everywoman, and then with Nine in the Morning. She worked for Committee for National Health Insurance.
Carpenter died on July 24, 2020, at a hospital in Denver from congestive heart failure, aged 92. She was the last surviving member of the Astronaut Wives Club, after Annie Glenn died two months earlier.
References
1928 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
American columnists
American feminist writers
American television personalities
Writers from Iowa
Dom Juan

Dom Juan, or The Feast with a Stone Statue is a play by Moliere. It was first performed on February 15, 1660, in the Theatre of the Palais-Royal, Paris. The play is about the legendary libertine, Don Juan. It ends with him going to Hell when he refuses to repent his sins. The play was one of the source materials used by Lorenzo da Ponte and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart when they wrote the opera, Don Giovanni.
Plays by Moliere
.հայ

.hay is an Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Armenia.
References
Armenia
Top-level domains
Erich Fromm

Erich Seligmann Fromm (23 March 1900 in Frankfurt - 18 March 1980 in Muralto) was a German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, and humanistic philosopher. He was part of what became known as the Frankfurt School of critical theory. He taught at several universities.
Fromm was born in a family of rabbis. Because of his Jewish background Fromm fled from Nazi Germany in 1934 and settled in the United States. After the war he moved to Mexico. The last years of his life he lived in the Swiss Alps. He died 1980 in Muralto.
One of his famous works is Haben oder Sein (To Have or to Be?) from 1974. In this book he critices many aspects in the western society like the pursuit of wealth.
Other websites
Erich Fromm on the Mystical Site www.mysticism.nl
Website der Internationalen Erich-Fromm-Gesellschaft
www.erich-fromm.info - German site - Curriculum vitae and available books.
Clark, Neil. "Wanted: an Erich Fromm party." Guardian Unlimited, February 20, 2007.
1900 births
1980 deaths
American atheists
20th-century American philosophers
American psychologists
Continental philosophers
German atheists
20th-century German philosophers
German psychologists
Humanists
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Jewish American writers
Jewish atheists
Jewish German scientists
Jewish German writers
Jewish philosophers
American psychoanalysts
Refugees from Nazism
Writers from Frankfurt
Spencer, Massachusetts

Spencer is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Merkava

The Merkava is a main battle tank. It is developed and produced in Israel for the Israel Defense Forces. The tank was first introduced in 1978 and first used in combat during the 1982 Lebanon War. Four main versions have been developed. These are called Merkava Mark I - Mark IV.
When designing the Merkava tank, everything was subordinated to the survival aspect of the crew, the engine is placed in front of the tank and thus serves as an additional component of ballistic protection, while the crew can escape from the damaged Merkava door at the rear of the tank. The thick armor and high mobility make it one of the best protected tanks in the world. The design team that developed the first version of this tank, led by commander of the Israeli armored corps, Israel Tal.
General characteristics
Merkava Mark I
The Mark I weighed 63 tons. It had 900 horsepowers and the maximum speed was 46 km/h. It was armed with a 105-millimeter M64 main gun, and the M68 was later installed. Coaxially with the main gun, a 7.62 mm machine gun was mounted; the turret featured two more 7.62 mm machine guns as well as a 60 mm mortar mounted externally.
Merkava Mark II
The Mark II was almost the same as the Mark I. The main differences were the internal mortar, better mobility and better resistance.
Merkava Mark III
The Mark III weighed 65 tons. It had 1200 horsepowers and the maximum speed was 60 km/h. It was armed with a 120-millimeter MG251 main gun. Other equipment was almost same as the Mark II. The Mark III was longer and had better armor than the Mark II, and some new systems such as fire-control system were added.
Merkava Mark IV
The Mark IV weighs 65 tons. It has 1500 horsepowers and the maximum speed is over 60 km/h. The Mark IV is armed with a 120-millimeter MG253 main gun using an electrical semi-automatic revolving magazine for 10 rounds. Coaxially with the main gun, a machine gun was mounted; on the turret, there is one more machine gun operated from inside the tank, in addition to an internally mounted 60-mm mortar. Mark IV has a new fire-control system that allows for shooting down helicopters; upgraded tracks; a digital battlefield management system; etc.
Museum exhibits
One tank (Mark I) was donated to the Prague Military Technical Museum (Czech Republic), the only such exhibit in the world outside Israel.
Tanks
Calvin Klein

Calvin Klein Inc. is an American fashion brand founded in 1968 by Calvin Klein.
American clothing companies
Fashion houses
Companies based in New York City
1968 establishments in New York (state)
Sumvitg

Sumvitg is a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Graubunden
Abdourahmane Barry

Abdourahmane Barry (born 21 February 2000) is a French footballer who plays as a center-back for FC Liefering in the 2. Liga.
Club career
Barry started playing football professionally on 27 July 2018 in the 2. Liga. He played a full game against SV Horn.
Personal life
Barry was born in Courbevoie, France and is of Guinean descent.
References
Other websites
2000 births
Living people
French footballers
Association football defenders
Players of FC Liefering
Dupatta

Dupatta (, ) is a long scarf that is essential to many South Asian women's suits. Some "dupatta suits" include the salwar kameez, the trouser suit, and the kurta. The dupatta is also worn over the Hindu outfit of lehenga or ghaghra- choli. The dupatta has long been a symbol of modesty in South Asian dress. It is traditionally worn across both shoulders. However, the dupatta can also be worn like a cape around the entire torso. The material for the dupatta varies according to the suit: cotton, georgette, silk, chiffon, and more. The other names for dupatta are chunri and chunni (sometimes shortened to 'unni' by many Gujaratis).
There are various modes of wearing the unsewn dupatta. When not draped over the head in the traditional style, it is usually worn with the middle portion of the dupatta resting on the chest like a garland with both ends thrown over each respective shoulder. When the dupatta resting is worn along with the salwar-kameez it is casually allowed to flow down the front and back.
The use of the dupatta has definitely undergone a metamorphosis over time. In current fashions, the dupatta is frequently draped over one shoulder, and even over just the arms. Another recent trend is the short dupatta often seen with kurtas and Indo-Western clothing. Essentially, the dupatta is often treated as an accessory in current urban fashion. Nevertheless, the dupatta remains an integral part of Indian clothing and Pakistani clothing. Its nowadays a blend of fashion with the tradionalism.
Other websites
Article about Dupatta at indiaprofile.com
Headgear
Ninozca Vasquez

Ninoska Vasquez Alvarez (born August 25, 1992 in Barquisimeto, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan model and beauty queen. She won the titles of Miss Tourism Universe 2014 and Miss Earth Venezuela 2017. She will represent Venezuela in Miss Earth 2017.
References
Other websites
Miss Earth Official website
Miss Earth Venezuela Official website
1992 births
Living people
Venezuelan models
Julio Lugo

Julio Cesar Lugo (November 16, 1975 - November 15, 2021) was a Major League Baseball shortstop. He played for the Houston Astros, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Los Angeles Dodgers, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles, and Atlanta Braves. He batted and threw right-handed.
He was born on November 16, 1975 in Barahona, Dominican Republic. Lugo was also the older brother of baseball pitcher Ruddy Lugo.
Lugo died of a heart attack in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic on November 15, 2021 one day before his 46th birthday.
References
Other websites
1975 births
Atlanta Braves players
Baltimore Orioles players
Boston Red Sox players
Dominican Republic baseball players
Houston Astros players
2021 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Major League Baseball shortstops
St. Louis Cardinals players
Tampa Bay Devil Rays players
86 (number)

Eighty-six is a number. It comes between eighty-five and eighty-seven, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 43, and 86.
Integers
Douchy-les-Mines

Douchy-les-Mines is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 10,293 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Porto Metro

The Porto Metro (), is part of the public transport system in Porto, Portugal. The metro is a light rail network that runs underground in central Porto and above ground into the suburban.
References
Rail transport in Europe
Porto
Desiccation

Desiccation is the state of extreme dryness, or the process of extreme drying.
A desiccant is a hygroscopic (water-attracting) substance that causes desiccation in a moderately sealed container.
Biology
Desiccation tolerance refers to the ability of an organism to withstand or endure extreme dryness, or drought-like conditions.
Plants and animals living in arid or periodically arid environments such as temporary streams or ponds may face desiccation, therefore physiological or behavioural adaptations are necessary to ensure survival. In particular, insects occupy a wide range of ecologically diverse niches and so have a variety of strategies to avoid desiccation.
Desiccation resistance in insects is generally measured by the change in mass during dry conditions. The overall mass difference between measurements before and after aridity exposure is attributed to body water loss.
Extreme cases
Cryptobiosis refers to the state of an organism that has no detectable metabolic activity, resulting from extreme and unfavorable environmental conditions. Anhydrobiosis refers to the state of surviving the loss of (almost) all body water.
Tardigrades
Tardigrades are able to live in environments that would kill most animals. In 2007, scientists discovered that some tardigrades were able to survive 10 days in outer space. Tardigrades can survive more than ten years without water.
Rotifers
Rotifers are specialists at living in habitats where water dries up regularly.
The Monogononta, which have males, produce fertilised 'resting eggs' which can resist desiccation (drought) for long periods.
The Bdelloids, who have no males, contract into an inert form and lose almost all body water, a process known as cryptobiosis. Bdelloids can also survive the dry state for long periods: the longest well-documented dormancy is nine years. After they have dried, they may be revived by adding water.
References
Physiology
Ecology
Xenu

Scientology teaches that Xenu (pronounced (ZEE-noo)) was the dictator of a galactic confederacy of 76 planets, who was captured and imprisoned on Earth 75 million years ago after bringing billions of his people to Earth, placing them around volcanoes and killing them by using hydrogen bombs. Scientologists believe he is still being kept there these days. Xenu is very important to the beliefs of Scientology because the story of Xenu explains the believed origin of what are known as body thetans from humans. Body thetans are believed to be the essence of Xenu's people that gather around humans and cause them spiritual harm. It is the purpose of auditing within Scientology to remove these thetans from the Scientologist.
The existence of Xenu has been reported by L. Ron Hubbard's writings and by Scientology spokesman Tommy Davis in an interview ABC affiliate KESQ-TV.
Related pages
Scientology
References
Other websites
More information about Xenu
"Who is Xenu?"
Scientology
Gyalo Thondup

Gyalo Thondup (), (born c.1928) is the second-eldest brother of the 14th Dalai Lama. He often acted as the Dalai Lama's unofficial ambassador, and was involved in many political controversies around the Tibetan society.
In recent years, Thondup has repeatedly said that the only way to achieve progress is with China. In 1998, the Central Tibetan Administration (the political arm of the Dalai Lama's anti-China diaspora faction) criticized Thondup for not letting the Dalai Lama know about the CIA's involvement in Tibet.
References
1928 births
Living people
Tibetan people
Prime ministers
National Polytechnic Institute

The National Polytechnic Institute (Spanish: Instituto Politecnico Nacional, IPN) is a public university in Mexico City. It is dedicated to research and education at high school, undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It was founded in 1936 by president Lazaro Cardenas del Rio.
The National Polytechnic Institute offers 293 courses of study. It is made up of 98 different academic units. These academic units are located across Mexico. With 171,581 students (2013), it is the second largest university in Mexico. The IPN is considered the best university in Mexico of engineering.
The institute has an important research center in Mexico called CINVESTAV.
The IPN has 27 sports teams. It has two American football teams called Burros blancos (White donkeys) and Aguilas blancas (White eagles) on the Mexican College Football (ONEFA). These teams have won many championships. The IPN has a strong rivalry in all sports with UNAM, the other university in Mexico City.
Related pages
Education
References
Other websites
Official website
Colleges and universities in Mexico
1936 establishments in North America
Mexico City
1930s establishments in Mexico
Lorne Balfe

Lorne Balfe (born 23 February 1976) is a Scottish composer and record producer of film, television, and video game scores. A veteran of Hans Zimmer's Remote Control Productions, Balfe's scoring credits include the films 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi, Terminator Genisys, and Mission: Impossible - Fallout, as well as the video games Assassin's Creed: Revelations, Assassin's Creed III, Crysis 2, Skylanders, and the Call of Duty franchise. He has also scored the television series The Bible, Marcella, The Crown, and Genius, the latter for which he earned a nomination for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Original Main Title Theme Music.
Influences
Balfe stated composers like Hans Zimmer, John Powell, Marco Beltrami, Alexandre Desplat, Thomas Newman, Trevor Horn, Steve Jablonsky, Alan Menken, Maurice Ravel, Leonard Bernstein, Elmer Betnstein, Jerry Goldsmith, James Newton Howard, Mark Snow, Ennio Morricone, Mark Mothersbaugh, Randy Newman, Henry Mancini, Maurice Jarre, James Horner, Georges Delerue, Elliot Goldenthal, Joe Hisaishi, Mychael Danna, Alexandre Desplat, David Arnold, Michael Giacchino, Bill Conti, Lalo Schifrin, Dave Grusin, Henry Mancini, Christophe Heral, Randy Edelman, Michel Legrand, Carter Burwell and John Williams as influences.
British composers
1976 births
Scottish musicians
James H. Weaver

James Howard "Jim" Weaver (August 8, 1927 - October 6, 2020) was an American politician and environmentalist. He served as the Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon serving from January 3, 1975 through January 3, 1987.
Weaver was born in Brookings, South Dakota. He enlisted in the United States Navy at the age of seventeen and served in World War II on an aircraft carrier in the Pacific. Weaver moved to Oregon from Iowa, in 1947 to attend the University of Oregon.
Weaver died on October 6, 2020 in Eugene, Oregon at the age of 93.
References
Other websites
1927 births
2020 deaths
American environmentalists
American military personnel of World War II
Politicians from South Dakota
United States representatives from Oregon
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Military people from South Dakota
Joy Bangla

Joy Bangla () is a salutation, slogan and war cry used in Bangladesh. It translates roughly to "Victory to Bengal" or "Hail Bengal".
References
Parts of speech
Battles
Luther (1928 movie)

Luther is a 1928 movie about the life of Martin Luther, father of the Protestant Reformation.
The silent movie starred Eugen Klopfer as Luther and Theodor Loos as Philipp Melanchthon.
Cast
Eugen Klopfer as Martin Luther
Rudolf Lettinger as Luther's father
Elsa Wagner as Luther's mother
Livio Pavanelli as Luther's friend Alexius
Arthur Kraussneck as Staupitz
Karl Platen as Brother Franziskus
Theodor Loos as Melanchthon
Hermann Vallentin as Karlstadt
Karl Elzer as Friedrich the Wise
Werner Schott as Johann the Steadfast
Ferdinand von Alten as Miltitz
Bruno Kastner as Ulrich von Hutten
Leopold von Ledebur as Sickingen
Ernst Ruckert ad Reichsherold Kaspar Sturm
Georg Schmieter as Georg von Frundsberg
Max Maximilian as Hans Sachs
Max Grunberg as Albrecht Durer
Jakob Tiedtke as Tetzel
Hans Wassmann as Robber Baron
Alexander Murski as the printer Hans Lufft
Heinz Salfner as Palace Captain Berlepsch
Hans Carl Muller as Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Max Schreck as Alexander
Georg John as Cripple (disabled man)
Related pages
Martin Luther
Luther film
Other websites
1928 movies
German silent movies
Movies about Martin Luther
Lubanki dialect

Lubanki, also known as Labanki, is a extinct Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Lubanas tribal grouping in the Republic of India and Pakistan. It is classified as a form or dialect of Punjabi. Lubanki has been spoken in the Rajasthan and Gujarat areas and some areas of Pakistan. The Punjabi word tanda is allegedly of Lubanki origin and means a town. The dialect is almost extinct. With the loss of the language's prestige and status, most Lubanas now speak other forms of Punjabi as their primary language.
When Guru Tegh Bahadur Was discovered by Baba Makhan Shah Labana, Makhan Shah climbed on top a village roof and started shouting the famous line Guru ladho rae "The Guru has been found", which is alleged to be in Lubanki dialect.
Languages of Pakistan
Punjabi language
Chemical industry

The chemical industry changes raw materials (oil, natural gas, air, water, metals, and minerals) into more than 70,000 different products. Some chemical companies produce plastics as well as chemicals. Most chemical products are not sold to the public, but are used to produce other things.
The chemical industry employs many people including chemical engineers, chemists and laboratory technicians.
The chemical industry really started with the Industrial Revolution. The first big factory was built in Prestonpans, Scotland, in 1749, to make sulfuric acid.
References
Chemistry
Industries
Carthage, Missouri

Carthage is a city in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 14,378 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Jasper County. It is nicknamed "America's Maple Leaf City."
References
County seats in Missouri
Cities in Missouri
Jasper County, Missouri
Mark Hopley

Mark Hopley (born 1 May 1984) is a rugby union player for Northampton Saints in the Guinness Premiership. He was born in Crewe, Cheshire. He plays as a flanker.
Other websites
Guinness Premiership profile
1984 births
Living people
English rugby union players
People from Crewe
Sportspeople from Cheshire
La Villeneuve, Creuse

La Villeneuve is a commune. It is in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the Creuse department in central France.
Communes in Creuse
Carl Crawford

Carl Demonte Crawford (born August 5, 1981) is an American professional baseball player. His nickname is "The Perfect Storm". Crawford has played for the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Tampa Bay Rays, Boston Red Sox, and Los Angeles Dodgers. Crawford plays the position of outfielder. He bats and throws left-handed.
Crawford started his major league career in 2002. Crawford has hit more triples than any other active baseball player.
References
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Living people
1981 births
Tampa Bay Rays players
Boston Red Sox players
Sportspeople from Texas
Tampa Bay Devil Rays players
Emirates Mars Mission

The Emirates Mars Mission () is a United Arab Emirates Space Agency space exploration mission to Mars. The uncrewed Hope (, Al Amal) orbiter was launched on 19 July 2020 at 21:58:14 UTC, and reached Mars on 9 February, 2021. The spacecraft was launched from the Tanegashima Space Center in Japan with a Japanese rocket, the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries H-IIA launcher.
The mission design, development, and operations are led by the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC). The spacecraft was created by MBRSC and the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) at the University of Colorado Boulder, with support from Arizona State University (ASU) and the University of California, Berkeley.
The Emirates Mars Mission was the first of the three to arrive at Mars, performing a successful orbit entry maneuver on 9 February 2021.
References
July 2020 events
February 2021 events
United Arab Emirates
Spacecraft
2020s in spaceflight
Jonas Hiller

Jonas Hiller (born February 12, 1982) is a Swiss ice hockey goaltender. He currently plays for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Anaheim Ducks, as well as HC Lausanne and HC Davos of the National League A (NLA).
Career
Before playing in the NHL, Hiller played 13 games for HC Lausanne and 3 seasons for HC Davos of the National League A (NLA). Hiller also won Switzerland's championship in 2002, 2005 and 2007, as well as the Spengler Cup in 2004 and 2006 with HC Davos. He was not drafted but he signed a contract with the Anaheim Ducks on May 25, 2007.
On September 30, 2007, Hiller made his NHL debut for the Anaheim Ducks defeating the Los Angeles Kings 4-1 in London, England. In his first season with the Ducks, Hiller recorded a 2.06 goals against average (GAA) and .926 save percentage in 23 games. On November 16, 2008, Hiller earned his first NHL shutout when the Ducks defeated the Los Angeles Kings 2-0.
Hiller was named as the Ducks starting goaltender for the 2009 NHL Playoffs. On April 16, 2009, he started in his first playoff and he recorded a shutout against the San Jose Sharks with 35 saves. The Ducks were able to eliminate the Sharks in six games but they were defeated by the Detroit Red Wings in seven games in the next round. On January 30, 2010, he signed a four-year extension with the Ducks going throughout the 2013-14 NHL season. In the 2012-13 NHL Season, Hiller was able to help the Ducks place 2nd overall in the Western Conference. In the 2013 Stanley Cup Playoffs, the Ducks were eliminated in the first round in a seven game series against the Detroit Red Wings for the second time in five years.
On July 1, 2014, Hiller decided to sign a two-year, $4.5 million per year contract as a free agent with the Calgary Flames.
References
Other websites
1982 births
American Hockey League players
Anaheim Ducks players
Calgary Flames players
Living people
Swiss ice hockey players
Ice hockey goaltenders
Milva

Maria Ilva Biolcati, (; 17 July 1939 - 23 April 2021), known as Milva (), was an Italian singer, actress, and television personality. She was also known as La Rossa (Italian for "The Redhead").
On 23 April 2021, Milva died at her Milan home.
References
1939 births
2021 deaths
Italian singers
Italian movie actors
Italian television personalities
Italian television actors
People from Emilia-Romagna
Electropop singers
Queen Heonae

Queen Heonae (; 962-1029) was a queen of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. She was also a politician. She was the second wife of the 5th king, Gyungjong. She was also mother of the 7th king, Mokjong, and the elder sister of the 6th king, Seongjong. Heonae ruled as Regent from 997 to 999 during the early years of her son King Mokjong's reign.
Other websites
Queen Heonae:Navercast
namseonguweol sigagi mandeun 'eumtanghan ceoncutaehu' jungangilbo 2009.02.20
heonae*heonjeong jamaeyi ssaum... goryeo Wang ssi wangjoga gimssi wangjoga doel bbeon joseonilbo 2009.09.19
964 births
1029 deaths
Korean politicians
Murder victims
Autobiographers
Kings and Queens consort
Korean monarchs
Beuvillers, Calvados

Beuvillers, Calvados is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Clinton, Louisiana

Clinton is the parish seat of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Parish seats in Louisiana
Towns in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana