pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
1978 Sikh–Nirankari clashes

On 13 April 1978, a violent incident happened between the Sant Nirankari Mission and traditional Sikhs. This was at Amritsar, Punjab, India. Sixteen people were killed.
This incident eventually led to Operation Blue Star and the Punjab insurgency in the 1980s. Clashes occurred when Akhand Kirtani Jatha and Damdami Taksal members led by Fauja Singh protested against and tried to stop a convention of Sant Nirankari Mission followers. This incident is considered to be a starting point in the events leading to Operation Blue Star and the 1980s insurgency in Punjab.
The turning point in the Sikh-Nirankari relationship is believed to have come after Avtar Singh took over as the sect chief in 1943. He not only proclaimed himself "Satguru" but also introduced a book "Avtar Bani" and allegedly tried to copy Sikh symbols like starting the system of Sat Piare etc. He was successful in organising Nirankaris into a powerful sect. However, in his book "A History of The Sikhs", Khushwant Singh noted that the fundamental difference between both was that the Nirankaris were worshiping gurus other than the 10 recognised by the Sikhs.
However, the conflict reached its peak on April 13, 1978. Activists of the Akhand Kirtni Jatha and Damdai Taksal marched towards the venue of a Nirankari convention in Amritsar. It led to a clash that left at least 17 dead and a majority of them were Sikhs.
Following the deadly clash in 1978, Akal Takht issued a hukamnama asking Sikhs to sever ties with Nirankari Sikhs. Later in 1980 in Delhi, Akhand Kirtani Jatha's Ranjit Singh killed Nirankari chief Gurbachan Singh. Ranjit Singh was later nominated as Akal Takht Jathedar.
References
1978 in Asia
Sikhism
1970s in India
1970s conflicts
Animaniacs (2020 TV series)

Animaniacs is an American animated series made Wellesley Wild and Steven Spielberg. It first started showing on Hulu in 2020. It is a revival of the 1993 television show Animaniacs.
Voice Cast
Rob Paulsen - Yakko, Pinky, Dr. Scratchisniff
Tress MacNeille - Dot
Jess Harnell - Wakko
Natalie Palamides, Vanessa Marshall - Slappy
Stephanie Escajeda - Nora Rita Norita
Asher Bishop - Skippy
Kel Mitchell - Newt
Maurice LaMarche - Brain
William Salyers - Pesto
Trey Parker - Buttons
Frank Welker - Runt
John Mariano - Bobby
Christy Carlson Romano - Minerva
Chloe Grace Moretz - Katie Kaboom
Episodes
References
Notes
2020s American animated television series
2020s American comedy television series
2020s American children's television series
English-language television programs
Hulu original series
Molenlanden

Molenlanden is a municipality in the province of South Holland, the Netherlands. About 44,000 people were living there in 2021.
It was created from the former municipalities of Giessenlanden and Molenwaard on 1 January 2019.
Molenlanden covers most part of the Alblasserwaard region. A tiny part in the southeast lies in the Vijfheerenlanden region.
References
Plaatsengids.nl
2019 establishments in the Netherlands
Vidauban

Vidauban is a commune of 12,616 people (2019). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var
M3U

M3U (MP3 URL or Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 Uniform Resource Locator in full) is a computer file format for a multimedia playlist.
Extended M3U
The M3U file can include comments. They are prefaced by the "#" character. In extended M3U, "#" also introduces extended M3U directives which are terminated by a colon ":" if they support parameters.
HLS M3U extensions
Apple used the extended M3U format as a base for their HTTP Live Streaming (HLS). It was written in an Independent Submission Stream RFC in 2017 as RFC 8216. Therein, a master playlist references segment playlists which contain URLs for short parts of the media stream. Some tags only apply to the former type and some only to the latter type of playlist. But they all begin with #EXT-X-.
Computer file formats
Choctaw County, Mississippi

Choctaw County is a county in the central U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 8,547 people lived there. The county seat is Ackerman.
References
1833 establishments in Mississippi
Mississippi counties
Saxman, Alaska

Saxman is a city Revillagigedo Island in Ketchikan Gateway Borough in the southeast of Alaska in the USA. As of 2000 384 compared to 431 in 2000.
References
Cities in Alaska
COBOL

COBOL is a programming language that was developed in the year 1959. It was one of the first computer programming languages. The name COBOL stands for COmmon Business-Oriented Language.
Background
COBOL was created because people wanted a language they could use to describe the problems in a way that is independent of the hardware used. Like SQL COBOL uses a syntax that is close to that of natural languages. As an example, ADD YEARS TO AGE is a valid expression.
History
There are several different versions of COBOL. The newest is from 2002. In general, versions of the language before 1985 are not compatible with the newer versions, from 1985 and later.
In his letter to an editor in 1975 titled "How do we tell truths that might hurt?", computer scientist and Turing Award recipient Edsger Dijkstra remarked that "The use of COBOL cripples the mind; its teaching should, therefore, be regarded as a criminal offense." In this letter, Dijkstra also criticised several other languages which were used at the time.
In recent years, COBOL has been extended to allow object-oriented programming, user-defined functions, and user-defined data types.
Reputation
The computer scientist Howard E. Tompkins disagreed, and defended structured COBOL: "COBOL programs with convoluted control flow indeed tend to 'cripple the mind'", but this was because "there are too many such business application programs written by programmers that have never had the benefit of structured COBOL taught well...".
References
Programming languages
Acronyms
1970 Bhola cyclone

The 1970 Bhola cyclone was the strongest storm of the 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. The Bhola cyclone made landfall in East Pakistan (today known as Bangladesh). Since the Bhola cyclone killed from 300,000 to 500,000 people, the Bhola cyclone holds the world record as the deadliest storm. Most of the people that were killed, were killed in East Pakistan (Bangladesh), because of the storm surge that caused flooding.
The Bhola cyclone was also one of the deadliest natural disaster in modern times. It also affected India and left $86.4 million in damage. This cyclone was the sixth cyclonic storm of the 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone season.
Related pages
Great Hurricane of 1780 - The deadliest hurricane in the Atlantic Ocean
Hurricane Pauline - The deadliest hurricane in the Eastern Pacific Ocean
Reference
Other websites
Spiritus-temporis.com - 1970 Bhola Cyclone
1970 in Asia
1970s in India
Cyclonic storms
North Indian Ocean cyclones
1970s in Bangladesh
1970s in weather
Deadly storms
Packet (computing)

In Information technology, a packet is a collection of data that can be used by computers which need to communicate with each other, usually as part of a network. Some computers and networks do not use packets to communicate. But most currently do, including nearly all computers on the Internet. Packets allow many computers on a network to communicate more quickly and easily.
Structure
A packet consists of two kinds of data: packet information and packet data (or payload). If you think of a packet like a letter in the mail, the control information is like the outside of the envelope. There's an address that says where to send the letter, and a stamp that says how to send it (fast or slow). Similarly, the computer uses the control information in the packet to decide where, and how, to send the data. People aren't usually interested in the control information.
The user data is like the inside of the envelope. It is the actual information the computer is trying to send. This might be any kind of digital data, such as words, pictures, music, or computer programs. It's generally for people or computers to use, but not for the packet system to use.
Different communication protocols put the control information and user information in different places, or make it look different. But they still do the same thing.
Problems
Sometimes the computers make mistakes while transmitting data, or have trouble "hearing" each other. So many packets use a checksum or cyclic redundancy check to make sure they have the right information. This is usually one component of the control information. This helps to make sure the packets themselves have the right information. But then computers also need to get the right packets.
Designing computer networks can be difficult. Even though today's computers are very advanced, sometimes information doesn't arrive where it's supposed to. Sometimes computers try to fix this and end up sending it twice. And sometimes the information doesn't arrive in the right order. The Transmission Control Protocol, or TCP, was invented to fix these problems. But since it is complex, some computers use the User Datagram Protocol, or UDP, instead.
Computer terminology
Lauro Cavazos

Lauro Fred Cavazos Jr. (January 4, 1927 - March 15, 2022) was an American politician. He served as Secretary of Education from 1988 to 1990. He was the first Hispanic to serve in the United States Cabinet.
Cavazos was born in Kingsville, Texas. He was of Mexican descent. Cavazos died on March 15, 2022 in Concord, Massachusetts at the age of 95.
References
Other websites
1927 births
2022 deaths
United States Secretaries of Education
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Texas
West Point (1928 movie)

West Point is a 1928 silent movie. The story and screenplay were written by Raymond L. Schrock. Titles were written by Joseph Farnham. The movie was directed by Edward Sedgwick. It was produced by Maj. Raymond G. Moses. The movie was shot on location at West Point and vicinity. Photoplay gave the movie a nice review, commenting: "Bill Haines' starring vehicle ... treats everything in a humorous vein in the beginning, getting many laughs." The same story was used for Dress Parade in 1927 starring William Boyd and Bessie Love. The 1928 movie has been released to DVD.
Story
Brice Wayne (played by Billy Haines) is an arrogant, impudent, and flippant West Point cadet. He realizes that he does not have the proper school spirit. He plays football, but is dismissed from the team shortly before the Army-Navy match. Brice resigns from the Military Academy. He retracts when his friends Tex McNeil (played by William Bakewell) and Betty Channing (played by Joan Crawford) encourage him to stay. Restored to the team, Brice scores the big goal in the game against Navy.
1928 drama movies
American silent movies
1920s American drama movies
Movies directed by Edward Sedgwick
Pakistan Armed Forces

The Pakistan Armed Forces () are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan. The Pakistani military was first formed when the nation achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947.
Its component branches are:
Pakistan Army
Pakistan Navy
Pakistan Air Force
Paramilitary forces of Pakistan
Pakistan Coast Guard
Pakistan Strategic Nuclear Command
Approximately 870,000 people are on active duty in the military which is the world's 5th largest armed force as of 2023 and 1,400,000 reserve personnel's. Combined with the 2,000,000 strong Paramilitary forces and the Coast Guard, the Military of Pakistan has a total size of nearly 4,270,000 people.
Military of Pakistan
Transglutaminase

A transglutaminase is an enzyme that forms a chemical bond between two protein molecules. The reaction also produces a molecule of ammonia. Transglutaminases were first described in 1959. In 1968 it was discovered they form a role in blood coagulation.
Transglutaminase have many uses. They can be used as a binding agent to improve the texture of protein-rich foods such as surimi or ham. Other examples of foods made using transglutaminase include imitation crabmeat, and fish balls.
References
Enzymes
Gary Clarke

Gary Clarke (born Clarke Frederick L'Amoreaux; August 16, 1933) is an American actor. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He is best known for his role as Steve Hill in the NBC western television series The Virginian.
References
Other websites
1933 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Base 36

Base 36 is a number system with numbers 0-9 and letters A-Z.
Mathematics
Keran, Queen of Armenia

Keran of Lampron (before 1262 - 28 July 1285) was by-birth a member of the house of Lampron and by marriage Queen consort of Armenia.
She was the daughter of Prince Hethum of Lampron by his unknown wife, who probably was from Frankish origin. She had three known siblings: Marianne, Alix (later wife of Balian d'Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus), and Raymond, Lord of Michael'gla.
Monarchs of Armenia
Alphonse Mucha

Alphonse Mucha (24 July 1860 - 14 July 1939) was a Czech Art Nouveau painter and decorative artist, best known for his distinct style and his images of women. He produced many paintings, illustrations, advertisements, and designs.
Mucha moved to Paris in 1887, continued his studies, and worked at producing magazine and advertising illustrations.
Around Christmas 1894, Mucha happened to drop into a print shop where there was a sudden and unexpected need for a new advertising poster for a play starring Sarah Bernhardt, the most famous actress in Paris. Mucha volunteered to produce a lithographed poster within two weeks, and on 1 January 1895, the advertisement for the play Gismonda by Victorien Sardou appeared on the streets of the city. It was an overnight sensation and announced the new artistic style and its creator to the citizens of Paris. Bernhardt was so satisfied with the success of this first poster that she entered into a 6-year contract with Mucha.
Mucha produced a flurry of paintings, posters, advertisements, and book illustrations, as well as designs for jewellery, carpets, wallpaper, and theatre sets in what was initially called the Mucha Style but became known as Art Nouveau (French for 'new art'). Mucha's works frequently featured beautiful, strong young women in flowing vaguely Neoclassical looking robes, often surrounded by lush flowers which sometimes formed halos behind the women's heads.
In contrast with contemporary poster makers he used pale pastel colours.
The 1900 Paris Exhibition spread the "Mucha style" abroad, of which Mucha said "I think [the Exposition Universelle] made some contribution toward bringing aesthetic values into arts and crafts."
He decorated the Bosnia and Herzegovina Pavilion and collaborated in the Austrian Pavilion.
Mucha's Art Nouveau style was often imitated. The Art Nouveau style however, was one that Mucha attempted to distance himself from. He always insisted that his paintings came purely from within and from Czech art. He declared that art existed only to communicate a spiritual message, and nothing more. He was frustrated at the fame he gained through commercial art, when he most wanted to concentrate on more lofty projects that would ennoble art and his birthplace.
References
1860 births
1939 deaths
Czech artists
Czech painters
From Hell to Hell

From Hell to Hell (; ) is a 1997 Belarusian German Russian drama movie directed by Dmitry Astrakhan about the Kielce pogrom and starring Valeria Valeeva, Anja Kling, Gennadi Svir, Alla Kliouka, Gennady Nazarov, Vladimir Kabalin, Ya'ackov Bodo. It was distributed by Belarusfilm.
Other websites
1997 drama movies
Belarusian movies
German drama movies
Russian movies
Programmable logic controller

A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a digital system used to make electrical and mechanical processes become automated. PLC can be found in almost all of the heavy industries which require process and sequences. PLC contains a unique set of inputs and outputs. The logic of PLC is programmed so that user can create a highly dedicated PLC working system for their intended purpose.
Control engineering
Varna, Bulgaria

Varna () is a port city on the Black Sea in Bulgaria and is the third-most populous city in the country, after Sofia and Plovdiv. In 2017, the city has 336,505 people.
Cities in Bulgaria
Port cities and towns of the Black Sea
Gutenburg, Switzerland

Gutenburg was a municipality in the Swiss canton of Bern.
On January 1, 2007, Gutenburg became part of the municipality of Madiswil.
Villages in Bern
Former municipalities of Bern
Kim Petras

Kim Petras (born August 27, 1992, Cologne) is a German singer and songwriter. Between 2016 and 2020, she released music as an independent artist under her own label, BunHead Records, before signing with Republic Records in 2021.
She became known for being one of the youngest people in the world to undergo an operation to change her sex assigned at birth. She began recording music at the age of 19, and was still a teenager when she released her first extended play (EP) One Piece of Tape in 2011. She released her first single in 2017, titled "I Don't Want It at All", which charted high on Spotify, earning Petras a contract with the company. She was featured on Charli XCX 's mixtape, Pop 2 (2017), along with Jay Park on the song "Unlock It", and on her album, Charli (2019), along with Tommy Cash on the song "Click".
In 2021, Petras signed a contract with the Republic Records label, with whom she released the Slut Pop EP in 2022. Later that year, Petras released the single "Unholy" along with Sam Smith. It marked Petras' first number one single on the UK Singles Chart and on the Billboard Hot 100. The song also earned Petras the Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance, making her the first openly transgender person to win that Grammy Award.
References
1992 births
Living people
German singer-songwriters
Grammy Award winners
Transgender people
2010 US Open – Women's Doubles

Serena Williams and her sister Venus Williams were the defending champions, but as a result of a foot injury Serena withdrew from the competition.
Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova defeated Liezel Huber and Nadia Petrova, 2-6, 6-4, 7-6(4) in the final.
Seeds
Gisela Dulko / Flavia Pennetta (Quarterfinals)
Liezel Huber / Nadia Petrova (Final)
Nuria Llagostera Vives / Maria Jose Martinez Sanchez (First Round)
Kveta Peschke / Katarina Srebotnik (Third Round)
Lisa Raymond / Rennae Stubbs (Quarterfinals)
Vania King / Yaroslava Shvedova (Champions)
Chan Yung-jan / Zheng Jie (Semifinals)
Anabel Medina Garrigues / Yan Zi (Second Round)
<li> Cara Black / Anastasia Rodionova (Semifinals)
<li> Maria Kirilenko / Agnieszka Radwanska (Third Round)
<li> Alisa Kleybanova / Ekaterina Makarova (Second Round)
<li> Iveta Benesova / Barbora Zahlavova-Strycova (Third Round)
<li> Monica Niculescu / Shahar Pe'er (Third Round)
<li> Elena Vesnina / Vera Zvonareva (Quarterfinals)
<li> Bethanie Mattek-Sands / Meghann Shaughnessy (Quarterfinals)
<li> Hsieh Su-wei / Peng Shuai (Second Round)
Draw
Finals
Top Half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom Half
Section 3
Section 4
Other websites
Official site of US Open
Women's Doubles
The Care Bears Movie

The Care Bears Movie is a Canadian/American animated movie that came out on March 29, 1985. It was produced by Nelvana Limited of Canada, and was distributed by The Samuel Goldwyn Company. It was the first in a trilogy(or set of three) of big-screen movies that had the Care Bears in lead roles, and the first to be based directly on a toy line. The movie's success led to a spin-off television series that premiered on ABC a year after its release.
There were well-known celebrities among the movie's starring line-up, such as Carole King, who wrote and sung its opening theme. John Sebastian and NRBQ also contributed to its score. The movie also had the voices of Mickey Rooney, Canadian actress Georgia Engel, and voice actress Cree Summer.
It was made as a full-length commercial for the title toys, and had mixed views from critics. But its $23 million gross at the box office made it the biggest animated work outside the Disney market when it came out. It is one of the most profitable releases in the animation industry (its cost was $3 million). The movie saved Nelvana from closing down when Rock & Rule, the company's first production, did not do well.
Facts
The Care Bears Movie holds financial records for non-Disney animation (at the time it first came out), for Canadian moviemaking (only rivalled by Porky's and, more recently, The Wild), and for its distributor Samuel Goldwyn.
Its director, Arna Selznick, was one of three women to ever lead the production for a full-length cartoon. To this day, she is proud of these efforts, though she was aware of the strategy to promote it.
Plot
In this movie, an orphanage caretaker named Mr. Cherrywood tells the story of how the Care Bears come to help two children who do not care for anyone (Kim and Jason). The Care Bears live in Care-a-lot, a cloud-filled place up in the sky. As the two of them become friends with the Bears, a carnival magician's helper, Nicholas, turns from good to bad, because of an evil spirit he got from an old book.
When the boy's evil grows more and more, the Care Bears and their Cousins (from the Forest of Feelings), along with Kim and Jason, come back to Earth to end his evil doings. In turn, the carnival and the whole world will be saved.
Other websites
Official site at MGM
The Care Bears Movie at the Keyframe - the Animation Resource
Theatrical trailer at Google Video
The Care Bear Zone's picture gallery
Authentic cel from the movie at Toy Archive
A page with sketches from the film by one of its crew, Kevin Davies
Soundtrack page at SoundtrackCollector
1985 movies
1980s family movies
Canadian animated movies
Canadian family movies
American animated movies
American family movies
English-language movies
American independent movies
The Quibbler

The Quibbler is a fictional magazine of the Harry Potter world.
The Quibbler is written by Xenophilius Lovegood, father of Luna Lovegood. The magazine is meant to cause shock, and contains the strange opinions of Xenophilius. Luna believes in everything her father says and during the "Order of the Phoenix" she had lots of arguments with Hermione Granger about it.
The Quibbler often has articles about creatures that other characters believe to not exist. Because of Hermione, in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, it published an interview between Rita Skeeter and Harry Potter. In this interview, Harry said that he had seen Lord Voldemort.
For most of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, The Quibbler writes positive views on Harry, and tells people to support him. However, after Luna is taken by the "Death Eaters" (supporters of Voldemort), Xenophilius turns against Harry and begins posting wanted signs for him in The Quibbler. When Harry visits him for information on the Deathly Hallows, Xenophilius turns him in to the Death Eaters. Harry narrowly escapes.
Harry Potter
Magazines
en:Harry Potter universe#The Quibbler
YoungBoy Never Broke Again

Kentrell DeSean Gaulden (born October 20, 1999), known professionally as YoungBoy Never Broke Again or simply NBA YoungBoy, is an American rapper. He is from Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Career
After releasing six independent mixtapes between 2015 and 2017, Gaulden was signed to Atlantic Records.
His January 2018 single "Outside Today" went to number 31 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. His first studio album Until Death Call My Name (2018) went to number 7 on the US Billboard 200.
In October 2019, Gaulden released the single "Bandit" with Juice Wrld. It became his first top-ten single.
His 2019 mixtape AI YoungBoy 2 entered the Billboard 200 at number one.
His April 2020 mixtape 38 Baby 2 became his second chart-topping project to top the Billboard 200. Gaulden's second studio album Top (2020) followed as his third chart-topping project in less than a year.
In September 2021, Sincerely, Kentrell was released during his incarceration. It topped the charts again. It made him the third artist to have an album at the top of the charts while incarcerated (after rappers 2Pac and Lil Wayne).
In August 2022, he released his fourth studio album, The Last Slimeto. It marked Gaulden's final studio album with Atlantic Records.
Awards and nominations
References
1999 births
Living people
21st-century American rappers
African-American rappers
Atlantic Records artists
Gangsta rappers
People from Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Rappers from Louisiana
Trap musicians
La Jaudonnière

La Jaudonniere is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Division of Dunkley

The Division of Dunkley is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was set up in 1984 and is named for Louisa Margaret Dunkley, a trade unionist and campaigner for equal pay for women. It covers an area of 140 km2 in the southern suburbs of Melbourne. It includes Frankston, Mornington and Mount Eliza.
Members
In 2013 Bruce Billson became the Minister for Small Business in the Abbott Government.
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of Dunkley - Australian Electoral Commission
Bruce Billson's website
Electoral divisions of Australia
1984 establishments in Australia
Diógenes Vergara

Diogenes Vergara (1970 - 9 February 2021) was a Panamanian politician. He was a Deputy for Partido Revolucionario Democratico from 2014 until 2019. He was born in Panama City, Panama.
Vergara was shot and killed in Panama City on 9 February 2021, aged 50.
References
1970 births
2021 deaths
Panamanian politicians
Assassinated people
Murders by firearm
George Beauchamp

George D. Beauchamp (1899 - 1941) was an inventor of musical instruments and co-founder of National Stringed Instrument Corporation and Rickenbacker.
Born in Texas, he played the violin and the lap steel guitar in Vaudeville before going into the business of then manufacturing of electric lap steel guitars, electric guitars, electric bass guitars, electric violins and combo instrument amplifiers. He is well known for his creation of the Frying pan electric guitar. He died in Los Angeles, California while deep-sea fishing.
Other websites
The Earliest Days of the Electric Guitar
Which Came First- Electric Guitar or Amp?
Digital Violin - Article examining Beauchamp's Electro violins
1899 births
1941 deaths
American inventors
People from Texas
Vaudeville performers
Gottfried Silbermann

Gottfried Silbermann (born Kleinbobritzsch, 14 January 1683; died Dresden, 4 August 1753) was a very important German builder of keyboard instruments. He built harpsichords, clavichords, organs, and pianos.
Life
He was born in Kleinbobritzsch. He learnt to build organs from his brother in Strassburg. In 1711 Silbermann opened his own workshop in Freiberg. Then, in 1723 got the title "Honorary Court and State Organ Builder to the King of Poland and Elector of Saxony" from Frederick Augustus I. Gottfried Silbermann designed and built approximately 50 organs. He had different ideas about organ building from Arp Schnitger who was an organ builder in the north of Germany. Silbermann's organs were some of the best instruments in the south of Germany, some of them still exist. The Hofkirche organ and that of Freiberg Cathedral are considered his greatest works.
Silbermann's pianos
Silbermann also played a big role in the history of the piano. He built the first German fortepiano in 1732. During the 1740s, King Frederick the Great of Prussia became familiar with Silbermann's pianos and bought a number of them. He employed Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach who was playing Silbermann fortepianos and wrote music for this particular fortepiano model. They were also played by Johann Sebastian Bach during his visit to Potsdam where during his second visit Silbermann pianos met Bach's "complete approval".
References
Other websites
www.silbermann.org Gottfried-Silbermann-Society
1683 births
1753 deaths
People from Saxony
Organ builders
Piano makers
Worth Township, Cook County, Illinois

Worth Township is one of 29 townships in Cook County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 152,633. It was founded in 1849.
References
Townships in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Weekend at Dunkirk

Weekend at Dunkirk () is a 1964 French Italian World War II drama movie directed by Henri Verneuil and was based on the 1949 novel Week-end at Zuydcoote () by Robert Merle. It stars Jean-Paul Belmondo, Catherine Spaak, Jean-Pierre Marielle, Pierre Vernier, Paul Preboist and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1964 drama movies
1964 war movies
French drama movies
Italian drama movies
World War II movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Henri Verneuil
Paris Underground (movie)

Paris Underground, also known as Madame Pimpernel, is a 1945 American World War II drama movie directed by Gregory Ratoff and was based on the memoir of the same name by Etta Shiber. It stars Constance Bennett, Gracie Fields, Kurt Kreuger, Leslie Vincent, Eily Malyon, Gregory Gaye, George Rigaud, Vladimir Sokoloff, Richard Ryen and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1946.
Other websites
1945 drama movies
1945 war movies
American war movies
1940s American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Gregory Ratoff
Saint-Laurent-des-Mortiers

Saint-Laurent-des-Mortiers is a former commune of 188 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bierne-les-Villages.
References
Former communes in Mayenne
Hair dryer

A hair dryer (also called a blow dryer) is a device that blows cool or hot air using a fan. Hair dryers are usually used to speed up drying wet hair.
The main parts of a hair dryer are a motor-powered fan and an electrically heated element. The element heats up when an electric current flows through it. When air from the fan goes through the barrel of the hair dryer, it is heated by the element. The hot air passes out of the end of the hair dryer (the nozzle). The user can direct the nozzle towards their hair.
Alexandre Godefoy created the first model of the hair dryer in France in 1890.
References
Home appliances
Heat
Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union

The Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union (or Brexit Secretary) was a United Kingdom Cabinet post. The holder of this office was in charge of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union.
The office was held by David Davis from July 2016 until July 2018. Following Davis' resignation, Dominic Raab was appointed Brexit Secretary. When Raab resigned in November 2018, Stephen Barclay was appointed as Secretary of State.
The position was created in 2016 by the new Prime Minister Theresa May after the UK voted to leave the European Union.
The position was abolished on 31 January 2020.
References
Members of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom
Brexit
37th G8 summit

The 37th G8 summit was held 26-27 May 2011 in the commune of Deauville in France.
History
The Deauville summit of the Group of Eight (G8) was the 37th meeting in a series which began in 1976.
Previous G8 summits have been hosted by France at Rambouillet (1975); Versailles (1982); Paris (1989); Lyon (1996); and Evian-les-Bains (2003).
The G8 and the summit are part of a consultation process. The G8 is not an international organization. It is an informal group.
Participants
These summit participants were the current "core members" of the G8:
Invited leaders
Other national leaders are traditionally invited to attend the summit. They participate in some, but not all, G8 summit activities. African leaders who came to Deauville included:
Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President
Essam Sharaf, Prime Minister
Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President
Abdoulaye Wade, President
Jacob Zuma, President
Beji Caid el Sebsi, Prime Minister
Also invited were:
Arab League Amr Moussa, Chairman
African Union (AU) Jean Ping, Chairman
New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD)
United Nations Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General
Schedule and Agenda
Traditionally, the host country of the G8 summit sets the agenda. French general priorities included peace and security.
Discussions included some issues which remained unresolved from previous summits.
Some of the specific topics on the agenda were:
Afghanistan;
G8 + Broader Middle East and North Africa (BMENA);
The Internet: new challenges
Non-proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction
The G8's Partnership with Africa
Transatlantic Cocaine Trafficking
Counter-terrorism
G8 political and security issues
World events caused the list of topics to grow, including
Fukushima nuclear accident
European debt crisis
Selection of a new managing director for the International Monetary Fund
Protesters and demonstrations
Protest groups and others organized public events. In these demonstrations, the slogan G8 degage ("G8 Go Away") was notable.
The demonstrators are widely understood to be against globalisation.
Business opportunity
According to the Mayor of Deauville, "Our main interest is the economic implications."
For some, the G8 summit became a profit-generating event. For example, the G8 Summit magazines have been published under the auspices of the host nations for distribution to all attendees since 1998.
Related pages
List of G8 summits
References
Other websites
University of Toronto: G8 Information Centre
G20-G8 France 2011 , official website
Parliament.uk, Graphic shows G8 in context
37
2011 in Europe
2010s in France
Frans Timmermans

Franciscus Cornelis Gerardus Maria Timmermans (; born 6 May 1961) is a Dutch politician. He is the First Vice President of the European Commission since 2014. He is also the Executive Vice President of the European Commission for the European Green Deal and European Commissioner for Climate Action since 2019.
In July 2023, Timmermans announced his plans to run for Prime Minister of the Netherlands and to run in the 2023 general election.
References
Other websites
Bio at Parlement.com
1961 births
Living people
Deputy government ministers of the Netherlands
European Commissioners
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians
People from Maastricht
Politicians from Limburg (Netherlands)
Pinkie

Pinkie (1794) is a painting by Thomas Lawrence. It depicts Sarah Barrett Moulton. She was born in 1783 in Jamaica. Her father was a rich plantation owner. The painting was commissioned at the time Sarah left Jamaica to complete her education in England. Sarah's nickname was "Pinkie". She died in 1795, one year after the painting was completed. The painting is in the Huntington Library at San Marino, California. It hangs near The Blue Boy by Thomas Gainsborough. Pinkie and The Blue Boy are used as set decorations for many episodes of the television show, Leave It to Beaver.
Other websites
Arts: Pinkie. Time.com
MSN Travel
1790s paintings
British paintings
San Marino, California
Wanette, Oklahoma

Wanette is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Dress clothes

Dress clothes are clothing that is less formal than formal wear but more formal than casual wear.
Summary
For boys and men, an outfit of dress clothing includes items like a necktie, a dress shirt, trousers, dress socks, and dress shoes.
For girls or women, an outfit of dress clothing can include either slacks, a skirt, or a dress. With slacks or a skirt, a shirt or blouse is worn. With a skirt or dress, hosiery such as pantyhose might be worn.
Dress clothing is often worn for nights out. It is worn in white collar work environments such as offices. Other appropriate places include gatherings such as graduations, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, and funerals.
References
Clothing
Franklin (TV series)

Franklin is a Canadian - French - American Nickelodeon children's animated television series produced by Nelvana, Big Bang Digital Studios, LuxAnimation, and Alphanim, and In Assassction With Nickelodeon Animation Studio. that currently airs on Nickelodeon's Nick Jr. block in the United States and is based on the children's book series. In the United States, the program aired on Nick Jr.. In 2009, a new series called Franklin and Friends was introduced by Nelvana.
Cast
Noah Reid as Franklin
Bryn McAuley as Harriet
Mark McMulkin as Bear
Ruby Smith-Merovitz as Badger
Susan Roman as Beatrice "Bea" Bear
Kristen Bone as Snail
Leah Cudmore as Beaver
Amanda Soha as Kit
Stuart Landrell as Fox
Vivien Endicott-Douglas as Goose
Sophie Lang as Otter
Mitchell Eisner as Rabbit
Tyrone Savage as Jackrabbit
Annick Obonsawin as Skunk
Jamie Haydon-Devlin as Raccoon
Shirley Douglas as the Narrator
Time Date Broadcast
The show aired on Nickelodeon's Nick Jr. block and later aired on Noggin and its successor, Nick Jr. channel. It has been taken off the air in the United States, but is still shown in several countries.
References
Other websites
Franklin on treehouse tv.com
1997 television series debuts
2004 television series endings
1990s American animated television series
1990s Canadian television series debuts
2000s American animated television series
2000s Canadian television series
Canadian animated television series
American children's television series
Canadian children's television series
English-language television programs
Prusy, Aube

Prusy is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
References
Communes in Aube
Yamanashi Gokoku Shrine

is a Shinto shrine located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. It is a Gokoku Shrine, or a shrine dedicated to people who died in wars. It is located 600 meters east of Takeda Shrine.
It was founded in 1879.
The souls of 25,062 soldiers from many wars are worshipped here. The wars are as follows: First Sino-Japanese War, Russo-Japanese War, and World War II. Gokoku shrines were made to honor the souls of people who died in wars. Yasukuni Shrine leads the shrines.
Pictures
Related pages
Hero shrine
Gokoku Shrines
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
Arlington National Cemetery
Valhalla (home to the souls of fallen warriors in Scandinavian mythology)
References
Beppyo shrines
Gokoku shrines
Echidna (mythology)

Echidna (Greek: from "Snake") is a monster of Greek mythology, half woman, half serpent. Her parents were either the sea deities Phorcys and Ceto (according to Hesiod's Theogony) or Tartarus and Gaia (in the account of the mythographer Apollodorus); in Hesiod, Tartarus and Gaia are the parents of Echidna's husband, Typhon. Among Echidna's progeny by the 100-headed Typhon, were Ladon (the dragon who protected the Golden Apples of the Hesperides), another dragon who protected the Golden Fleece, the Hydra, the goatlike Chimera, and the infernal hounds Orthus and Cerberus. The Sphinx and the Nemean lion, both sired by Orthus, were also among her offspring.
Greek legendary creatures
Villiers-en-Morvan

Villiers-en-Morvan is a commune in the Cote-d'Or department.
References
Communes in Cote-d'Or
Sladest

Sladest is a 1973 rock album by English band Slade. It was the band's first UK compilation, mixing all the band's hit singles with some songs from before the band's fame. A successful album, it went to number one in the UK.
Track listing
Other webcites
Sladest on AllMusic
Sladest on Discogs
1973 albums
Slade albums
Glam rock albums
Orto botanico di Pisa

The Orto botanico di Pisa, also known as the Orto Botanico dell'Universita di Pisa, is a botanical garden, and the University of Pisa takes care of it. The garden is at via Luca Ghini 5, Pisa, Italy. It is open weekday mornings and it does not cost money to see it.
The garden was started in 1544 under Cosimo I de' Medici as the first university botanical garden in Europe, and it was put under the care of the famous botanist Luca Ghini of Imola. In 1563 the garden was moved from its original place near a river (now the Medicean Arsenal) to one near the convent of Santa Marta. In 1591 the garden was again moved to a third place, where it still is. From these early times, the garden has contained a gallery of natural objects (now Pisa's Museo di Storia Naturale), a library (now part of the university library), and portraits of its directors throughout the centuries. It also includes one of the earliest iron-framed hothouses built in Italy.
Today there are different sections in the garden containing the botanical school, gardens, ponds, greenhouses, and various buildings. Major collections include herb gardens and arboreta, as well as the old botany institute, built 1591-1595, with a facade ornamented with sea-shells.
Related pages
List of botanical gardens in Italy
List of botanical gardens
Other websites
University of Pisa website for the Orto botanico di Pisa
Buildings and structures in Italy
Botanical gardens in Europe
Pisa
Arrogate

Arrogate (April 11, 2013 - June 2, 2020) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He won the 2016 Travers Stakes in a track record in his first stakes appearance. He then won the Breeders' Cup Classic and was named the American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse and World's Best Racehorse of 2016.
He won the 2017 Pegasus World Cup in a new track record followed by a win in the Dubai World Cup.
Arrogate was euthanized after falling in his stable on June 2, 2020 at the age of 7.
References
2013 births
2020 deaths
Thoroughbred racehorses
Deaths by euthanasia
D. J. Finney

David John Finney (3 January 1917 - 12 November 2018), was a British statistician
and Professor Emeritus of Statistics at the University of Edinburgh. He was born in Latchford, Warrington.
He was Director of the Agricultural Research Council's Unit of Statistics from 1954 to 1984 and a former President of the Royal Statistical Society and of the Biometric Society. He was known for the development of systematic monitoring of drugs for detection of adverse reactions.
Finney turned 100 in January 2017 and died on 12 November 2018 at the age of 101 following a short illness.
References
1917 births
2018 deaths
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
British centenarians
British statisticians
Kim Song-i

Kim Song-i (born 10 August 1994 in Pyongyang) is a table tennis player from North Korea. She won with the team at the World Championships 2016 as well as the Olympics 2016 in the singles the bronzemedal. She is a defender, with long pips at the backhand.
Career
At the age of 16 she was see on the international events, at the Youth Olympics she reached the Quarterfinals and with the team the 4th place and climbs in the world ranking to place 121. At the China Open 2013 Kim took part in the U21-class, there she came to the semifinals. This was er first medal on the World Tour. At the Asian Games 2014 Kim took bronze with the Korean Team. 2015 she took part in the Asian Championships, the China- and the Pyongyang Open, where she beat amongst other things the top player Mima Ito. 2016 Kim became the third place with the team at the Team-Worldchampionships 2016 in Malaysia and was nominated for the Olympics, there she as recently as lost in the semifinals against Ding Ning. In this month she came on place 26 in the world rankings. At the Pyongyang Open in the same year, she came to the final, where she beat the defensiv- player Ri Myong-sun, too. In the doubles she took gold, too. At the World Championships 2017, she reached the Round of 16, where she lost to Liu Shiwen. 2018 she took bronze with the team at the World Team Cup. In the semifinals they lost to China.
Results from the ITTF-databank
References
North Korean sportspeople
1994 births
Living people
Table tennis players
Olympic bronze medalists
Soram

Soram is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Game Boy Camera

The Game Boy Camera is an accessory for the Game Boy line of video game consoles. It was released in Japan, North America, and Europe in 1998. It allows a person to take 256x224 black and white digital pictures. It is meant to be used with the Game Boy Printer, which uses a special kind of paper to print saved pictures. It can be used with all Game Boy consoles except for the Game Boy Micro. It was the only Nintendo product to allow a person to take pictures until the release of the Nintendo DSi console.
References
Nintendo hardware
Loratadine

Loratadine (also known as Claritin) is a drug used to treat hay fever, urticaria and skin allergies. It is closely related to tryciclic antidepressants. It is distantly related to quetiapine.
Loratadine was discovered in 1981. It was first sold in 1993.
References
Drugs
Organonitrogen compounds
Organochlorides
King Kong Bundy

Christopher Alan "Chris" Pallies (November 7, 1957 - March 5, 2019) better known by his ring name, King Kong Bundy, was an American stand-up comedian, actor and professional wrestler. He was best known for wrestling with World Wrestling Federation. He won a Slammy Award in 1987 for the Bobby "The Brain" Heenan Scholarship Award. While he was signed to the WWF, Bundy had numerous feuds with Andre the Giant, Hulk Hogan and The Undertaker.
Bundy died at his home in Glassboro, New Jersey on March 5, 2019, aged 61.
Championships
Bundy held many championships during his professional wrestling career:
AWA Superstars of Wrestling
AWA Superstars of Wrestling Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Continental Wrestling Association
AWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
AWA Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Rick Rude
Georgia Championship Wrestling
NWA National Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with The Masked Superstar
International Pro Wrestling
IPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Maryland Championship Wrestling
MCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
NWA New York
NWA New York Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Top Rope Wrestling
TRW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
World Class Championship Wrestling
NWA American Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
NWA American Tag Team Championship (2 times) - with Bill Irwin (1) and Bugsy McGraw (1)
World Wrestling Federation
Slammy Award for Bobby "The Brain" Heenan Scholarship Award (1987) with Haku, Tama, Andre The Giant, Hercules, and Harley Race
World Wide Wrestling Alliance
WWWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
References
Other websites
King Kong Bundy's WWE alumni profile
1957 births
2019 deaths
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Former WWE wrestlers
American professional wrestlers
Love's Labour's Lost

Love's Labour's Lost is a comedy play by William Shakespeare which was written between 1588 and 1597.
The play contains a lot of wordplay and many characters are based off real kings and noblemen from around those years. This makes the play harder to understand for modern audiences, which is why it is less famous than most of Shakespeare's plays. However, it has been performed more often since the 20th century.
Plot
Ferdinand, the King of Navarre, and three of his men meet together and talk about their intellectual plans. Their plans then go wrong when the Princess of France and three of her ladies arrive. The men find that they are in love with the ladies and cannot hide it.
Name
The exact original title is unknown. In early written versions of the script, it varied as to how many apostrophes were used in the title. In the first quarto, it is called Loues labors lost, as a "u" was often used for a "v" sound back then. The title is now most often given as Love's Labour's Lost.
References
Plays by William Shakespeare
16th-century plays
Human services

Core responsibilities of human services professionals include assisting individuals, families, and communities in overcoming their problems and helping them improve their quality of life and relationships.
The Human Services career cluster prepares learners for postsecondary credentials and careers in occupations that support the everyday functioning of society and individual well-being, including careers in social work, counseling, dietetics and nutrition, athletic training, cosmetology, aesthetics, and barbering.
This career cluster includes four programs of study: Human and Social Sciences, Dietetics and Nutrition, Cosmetology, and Barbering.
The Human Services Career Cluster is divided into three pathways: Counseling and Mental Health Services (Human and Social Sciences); Family and Community Services (Dietetics and Nutrition); and Consumer Services (Cosmetology and Barbering)
The Human and Social Sciences and Dietetics and Nutrition programs of study careers have the strongest occupational growth and more job openings than training completers.
Academic disciplines